Law Administration Practice Statement PS LA 2007/4
Remission of penalty for failure to comply with GST registration obligations
Date of issue: 16 February 2007
Date of effect: 16 February 2007
Draft: False
Withdrawn: True

1. What this Practice Statement is about: A penalty is imposed under section 288-40 of Schedule 1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 (TAA) if an entity fails to either: • apply to register for GST, or • cancel a GST registration, • apply to register for GST, or • cancel a GST registration, when required by the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 (GST Act). This penalty may be remitted under subsection 298-20(1) of Schedule 1 to the TAA. This Practice Statement provides guidance on how and when remission of the penalty is warranted. All legislative references in this Practice Statement are to Schedule 1 to the TAA, unless otherwise indicated. | 2. GST registration obligations for an entity: The legislative requirements in regard to registering for GST or cancelling GST registration are provided in the Attachment to this Practice Statement. | 3. Remission of the penalty - general principles: You need to consider remission in all cases where an entity is liable to pay the penalty. Generally (unless there is evidence of fraud or evasion), before making your remission decision, you should give the entity the opportunity to comply with its registration obligations. You should: • explain their registration obligations • explain how to comply with the obligations, and • allow them a reasonable time to comply. • explain their registration obligations • explain how to comply with the obligations, and • allow them a reasonable time to comply. When making a decision about remission of the penalty, you should have regard to the objectives which underpin the penalty regime, meaning you should: • Base your decision on the individual circumstances of the case. • Ensure your decision is consistent with the principles of Our Charter and the Compliance model . Most entities want to comply if they are helped to understand the rules and are treated fairly. They should be treated as honest, unless there is a reason to conclude otherwise. However, if there is evidence of reluctance by the entity to comply with their obligations, the less likely we are to remit the penalty. Similarly, if the entity has a history of non-compliance, it would be likely that no penalty remission would be appropriate, unless there was clear evidence that non-remission of the penalty would be unfair or unjust. • Promote consistent treatment in respect of the penalty - the penalty should not be remitted without just cause, arbitrarily or as a matter of course. • Be reasonable and make your decision in good faith - you should follow the Good decision-making model (link available internally only). • Take into account all relevant facts and circumstances. • Aim to improve future compliance by the taxpayer. • Base your decision on the individual circumstances of the case. • Ensure your decision is consistent with the principles of Our Charter and the Compliance model . Most entities want to comply if they are helped to understand the rules and are treated fairly. They should be treated as honest, unless there is a reason to conclude otherwise. However, if there is evidence of reluctance by the entity to comply with their obligations, the less likely we are to remit the penalty. Similarly, if the entity has a history of non-compliance, it would be likely that no penalty remission would be appropriate, unless there was clear evidence that non-remission of the penalty would be unfair or unjust. • Promote consistent treatment in respect of the penalty - the penalty should not be remitted without just cause, arbitrarily or as a matter of course. • Be reasonable and make your decision in good faith - you should follow the Good decision-making model (link available internally only). • Take into account all relevant facts and circumstances. • Aim to improve future compliance by the taxpayer. At all times, over and above these factors, your decision should ensure that there are no unintended or unjust results. | 4. Amount of remission - considerations: It is envisaged that the penalty will generally be imposed in full or remitted in full. However, in some cases only partial remission may be warranted. Remission decisions should be made after considering all the circumstances relevant to the failure of the entity to comply with its registration obligations, including: • the entity's efforts and willingness to comply with other taxation obligations • whether the entity was aware of their registration obligations • any opportunity provided to the entity to comply with their registration obligations, and • whether there is an unjust result. • the entity's efforts and willingness to comply with other taxation obligations • whether the entity was aware of their registration obligations • any opportunity provided to the entity to comply with their registration obligations, and • whether there is an unjust result. The amount of penalty remitted should generally reflect the level of effort made by the entity to comply with its registration obligations and its overall compliance attitude. No remission of penalty is appropriate in cases exhibiting indicators of fraud or evasion or the deliberate and ongoing avoidance of an entity to comply with their registration obligations. Full remission of penalty may be appropriate for entities that have a good overall compliance attitude and make a genuine attempt to comply with their obligations. Partial remission of 50% of penalty may be appropriate where an entity has made some attempt to understand or comply with its registration obligations and its overall compliance history has been good; however, the efforts made are considered insufficient for full remission. Factors that may be relevant to determining only partial remission of penalty is warranted include: • the overall compliance attitude of the entity is not good • an advantage has been gained by the entity in not complying • the period of non-compliance, and • any disruption to other participants in the tax system. • the overall compliance attitude of the entity is not good • an advantage has been gained by the entity in not complying • the period of non-compliance, and • any disruption to other participants in the tax system. | 5. Remission of the penalty - specific examples: Entity complies with its registration obligations before being contacted by the ATO If an entity complies with its registration obligations after it was required to do so, but before being contacted by us, we would (unless there is evidence to the contrary) consider that they are making a genuine attempt to comply. Therefore, in these instances, you should generally remit any penalty in full. Entity complies with its registration obligations after being contacted by the ATO If, having been advised of its registration obligations, an entity complies within a reasonable timeframe, full remission of the penalty may be appropriate. A 'reasonable timeframe' depends on the circumstances of the case, but 28 days would normally be considered reasonable. | 6. Recording the remission decision: You should record the following information on the appropriate case management system: • facts relating to the failure to comply and their efforts to comply or reasons for non-compliance with the registration obligations and any evidence (or other material) relating to that failure • whether the entity was aware of their obligations • details of the opportunity provided to the entity to comply with the registration obligations or reasons why this was not appropriate in this case • the remission decision • the reasons for the remission decision (that is, our consideration of the circumstances relevant to the remission decision), and • any other relevant information. • facts relating to the failure to comply and their efforts to comply or reasons for non-compliance with the registration obligations and any evidence (or other material) relating to that failure • whether the entity was aware of their obligations • details of the opportunity provided to the entity to comply with the registration obligations or reasons why this was not appropriate in this case • the remission decision • the reasons for the remission decision (that is, our consideration of the circumstances relevant to the remission decision), and • any other relevant information. | 7. Notifying the taxpayer: If the penalty is not remitted in full, the legislation requires you to give the entity written notice of their liability to pay the penalty and the reasons why they are liable. The amount of penalty notified should be the amount remaining after any remission. This can be included in the penalty notice. However, in all instances, you should also provide the entity with a written explanation of: • the opportunity provided for them to comply if appropriate to provide • why they are liable to the penalty • the amount of the penalty imposed by law • the Commissioner's discretion to remit the penalty • the factors considered in the remission decision • the evidence (or other material) relied on to make the remission decision • the remission decision • the amount of remission, if any, and • the amount of penalty payable, if any, after remission. • the opportunity provided for them to comply if appropriate to provide • why they are liable to the penalty • the amount of the penalty imposed by law • the Commissioner's discretion to remit the penalty • the factors considered in the remission decision • the evidence (or other material) relied on to make the remission decision • the remission decision • the amount of remission, if any, and • the amount of penalty payable, if any, after remission. | 8. Review rights: If you make the decision not to fully remit the penalty, the entity may object against that decision [1] , but only if the penalty payable after any remission is more than 2 penalty units. The entity may also object to the requirement to register or to cancel its registration. [2] If it is successful, there will be no liability to the penalty. | 9. Other options available: As an alternative to imposing the penalty, we may consider the following options: • In cases where there is serious non-compliance such as falsifying records or other fraud, seek to have the offence prosecuted by referring the matter to the Director of Public Prosecutions. • If the entity does not register voluntarily when given the opportunity, we would compulsorily register the entity under subsection 25-5(2) of the GST Act, if satisfied that the entity is required to be registered. Once registered, assessments can be made of the net amount or assessed net amount [3] of indirect tax payable under the TAA and proceed to recover the amounts. Assessments of the penalty can also be made. [4] • If an entity is registered when not carrying on an enterprise and we are satisfied that it did not carry on an enterprise or it will not do so for the next 12 months, compulsorily cancel the registration under subsection 25-55(2) of the GST Act. • In cases where there is serious non-compliance such as falsifying records or other fraud, seek to have the offence prosecuted by referring the matter to the Director of Public Prosecutions. • If the entity does not register voluntarily when given the opportunity, we would compulsorily register the entity under subsection 25-5(2) of the GST Act, if satisfied that the entity is required to be registered. Once registered, assessments can be made of the net amount or assessed net amount [3] of indirect tax payable under the TAA and proceed to recover the amounts. Assessments of the penalty can also be made. [4] • If an entity is registered when not carrying on an enterprise and we are satisfied that it did not carry on an enterprise or it will not do so for the next 12 months, compulsorily cancel the registration under subsection 25-55(2) of the GST Act. | 10. Examples: Example 1 Phillip purchased a franchise and attended training provided by the franchisor. This training included the requirement that each franchisee obtain an Australian business number (ABN) and register for GST if required to do so. Phillip obtained an ABN. However, he was unsure whether he was required to register for GST. Phillip contacted the franchisor for a further explanation and also contacted one of his mates who had been involved with this industry for several years. Both individuals provided Phillip with erroneous advice when they told him he only needed to register for GST when his enterprise made a profit of $75,000 per year. Phillip was certain the expenses associated with the enterprise were of a sufficient level to keep the profit for the first year well below $75,000. Phillip issued invoices for the enterprise's services, but these were not tax invoices and did not include a specific GST component. We conducted an audit of Phillip's enterprise and determined that he was required to be registered for GST. When questioned why he had not registered for GST, Phillip explained how he had contacted the franchisor and another business operator in this industry and the advice he received was that the requirement to register was determined by the amount of profit. Phillip voluntarily registered for GST once his obligation was clearly explained to him. Phillip was liable to a penalty because: • the enterprise was required to be registered in the first month of operation based upon the projected GST turnover of the enterprise exceeding the registration turnover threshold, and • the enterprise did not apply for registration within 21 days after becoming required to be registered. • the enterprise was required to be registered in the first month of operation based upon the projected GST turnover of the enterprise exceeding the registration turnover threshold, and • the enterprise did not apply for registration within 21 days after becoming required to be registered. The following factors would be considered in making any remission decision: • Phillip had sought advice on whether he was required to be registered from both the franchisor and another enterprise in the industry indicating a genuine attempt to comply. • Phillip had no previous history of non-compliance. • Although the advice Phillip had received from the franchisor and the other business operator was incorrect, Phillip had no reason to believe the advice was incorrect. • There was no evidence to suggest that Phillip had sought to gain an advantage by not registering for GST. • Phillip had sought advice on whether he was required to be registered from both the franchisor and another enterprise in the industry indicating a genuine attempt to comply. • Phillip had no previous history of non-compliance. • Although the advice Phillip had received from the franchisor and the other business operator was incorrect, Phillip had no reason to believe the advice was incorrect. • There was no evidence to suggest that Phillip had sought to gain an advantage by not registering for GST. We determined that Phillip was confused about his registration obligation but had made a genuine attempt to understand his obligation. There was no reason for Phillip not to accept the advice as correct. When provided with a clear explanation of the registration obligation, Phillip promptly applied for registration. Full remission of the penalty would be appropriate in such a case. Example 2 JZE Pty Ltd (JZE) operates a number of enterprises through independent branches of the company. One of the branches, XEL's, which is registered as a GST branch of JZE, ceases to operate an enterprise. The JZE directors decide that they will not de-register XEL's for GST purposes as a new enterprise was to be purchased and would operate through XEL's. A number of factors result in a change of business direction and the new enterprise is not purchased. JZE does not carry on an enterprise through the branch, XEL's, for a period of 6 months when we commence an audit. There are no current plans for JZE to operate an enterprise through XEL's. As we are satisfied that JZE is not carrying on an enterprise through XEL's and unlikely to carry on an enterprise for a period of 12 months, the GST registration is cancelled. JZE is correctly reporting its taxation obligations, keeps good records and is up to date in its lodgments. While JZE is aware of its registration obligations, they have not sought to gain an advantage nor disrupted other participants in the tax system by failing to apply for cancellation of XEL's GST registration. The decision not to cancel the registration as required was made on the basis that JZE would commence carrying on an enterprise through XEL's within a short period. JZE is liable to a penalty for failing to apply for the cancellation of the registration of XEL's within 21 days. The following factors would be considered in making any remission decision: • There is no prior history of non-compliance by JZE in relation to registration or other taxation obligations. • There is no evidence to suggest that JZE sought to gain an advantage by failing to apply to cancel the registration of the branch. • There is no prior history of non-compliance by JZE in relation to registration or other taxation obligations. • There is no evidence to suggest that JZE sought to gain an advantage by failing to apply to cancel the registration of the branch. Full remission of the penalty would be appropriate in such a case. | 11. More information: For more information, see: • Registering for GST - on the requirements in regard to registering for GST. • Cancelling your GST registration - on when entities are required to cancel their GST registration. • Registering for GST - on the requirements in regard to registering for GST. • Cancelling your GST registration - on when entities are required to cancel their GST registration. Attachment - legislative framework in regard to registration obligations When an entity needs to apply for GST registration Section 25-1 of the GST Act specifies when an entity must apply for GST registration. An entity must apply, in the approved form, to be registered if the entity: • is not registered, and • is required to be registered. • is not registered, and • is required to be registered. Table 1 of this Practice Statement contains the provisions of the GST Act that specify when an entity or branch is required to be registered. Table 1: Provisions of the GST Act that specify when an entity or branch is required to be registered Provision Description 23-5 Entity carrying on an enterprise [5] and the GST turnover meets the registration turnover threshold [6] 23-20 Entity is treated as not having been required to be registered if registration could not take effect because of subsection 25-10(1A) [7] 25-5(2) Commissioner is required to register an entity, even if the entity has not applied for registration, if the Commissioner is satisfied the entity is required to be registered 54-5 Commissioner is required to register a branch of a registered entity as a separate GST branch if certain conditions are met 57-20 A resident agent acting as an agent for a non-resident that is registered or required to be registered 58-20 A representative of an incapacitated entity if the incapacitated entity is registered or required to be registered 83-25 A non-resident need not apply to be registered despite section 25-1 of the GST Act if certain conditions are met Division 63 Special rules allow some kinds of non-profit entities to choose to have some (or all) of their separately identifiable branches treated as separate entities for GST purposes. The sub-entities may fall below the non-profit sub-entity registration threshold and thus be exempt from registration. 144-5 If, in carrying on the enterprise, the entity supplies taxi travel, regardless of the entity's GST turnover When an entity needs to cancel its registration There are also provisions under the GST law that require an entity that is registered for GST to apply for cancellation of its GST registration or the registration of one of its branches. [8] These provisions within the GST Act are set out in Table 2 of this Practice Statement. Table 2: Provisions of the GST Act that specify when an entity is required to cancel their GST registration Section Description 25-50 A registered entity that is not carrying on an enterprise 54-70 An entity that has a GST registered branch and the entity is not carrying on an enterprise through the branch 63-30 A GST registered non-profit sub-entity that does not meet the requirements of paragraphs 63-15(1)(a), (b) and (c) of the GST Act When an entity applies for cancellation of its GST registration in the approved form, the Commissioner must cancel that registration when, at the time the entity applied for cancellation of registration, the entity had been registered for 12 months and the Commissioner is satisfied that the entity is not required to be registered. [9] If the entity has been registered for less than 12 months at the time the entity applies for cancellation of their registration in the approved form, the Commissioner may cancel the registration if satisfied that the entity is not required to be registered. [10] The Commissioner must cancel the GST registration of an entity, even if the entity has not applied for cancellation of its registration, if satisfied that the entity is not carrying on an enterprise and the Commissioner believes, on reasonable grounds, that the entity will not do so for at least 12 months. [11] Divisions of the GST Act provide that section 25-50 and subsection 25-55(2) of the GST Act do not apply to certain classes of entities and provide special rules relating to cancellation of registration for these classes of entities. Table 3 of this Practice Statement outlines these divisions. Table 3: Divisions of the GST Act Divisions Class of entity 54 GST branches 57 Resident agents acting for non-residents 63 Non-profit sub-entities 58 Representatives of an incapacitated entity 149 Government entities

Legislative references: TAA 1953 Sch 1 110-50 | TAA 1953 Sch 1 288-40 | TAA 1953 Sch 1 298-20 | TAA 1953 Sch 1 298-20(1) | TAA 1953 Sch 1 298-30 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 23-5 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 23-15 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 23-20 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 25-1 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 25-5(2) | ANTS(GST)A 1999 25-10(1A) | ANTS(GST)A 1999 25-50 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 25-55(1) | ANTS(GST)A 1999 25-55(2) | ANTS(GST)A 1999 25-57(1) | ANTS(GST)A 1999 Div 54 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 54-5 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 54-70 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 Div 57 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 57-20 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 Div 58 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 58-20 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 Div 63 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 63-15(1)(a) | ANTS(GST)A 1999 63-15(1)(b) | ANTS(GST)A 1999 63-15(1)(c) | ANTS(GST)A 1999 63-30 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 83-25 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 144-5 | ANTS(GST)A 1999 Div 149 | ANTS(GST)R 1999 23-15.01 | ANTS(GST)R 1999 23-15.02
Other references: Cancelling your GST registration Compliance model Good decision making model Our Charter Registering for GST

Additional content:
Updated to align with current ATO style and accessibility requirements. | Reference brought up into text. | Deleted as referenced practice statements have been withdrawn. | Moved to before References. Wording clarified. | Updated to new LAPS format and style. | Related practice statements | Inclusion of section 23-20. | Inclusion of assessed net amount under the TAA. | Removal of current value of penalty unit. | 'Tax Office' updated to 'ATO'. | Update legislative references regarding representatives of incapacitated entities. | Updated from Div 177 to Div 58 which was amended by 118 of 2009, effective 4/12/2009. | Updated the GST registration threshold from $50,000 to $75,000 specified by regulation 23-15.01. Changed the term 'annual turnover' to 'GST turnover' as per the Tax Laws Amendment (Small Business) Act 2007 . | Inserted ANTS(GST)R 1999 23-15.01 and 23-15.02 | [3] For tax periods that start on or after 1 July 2012, the term 'assessed net amount' applies. | [5] Miscellaneous Taxation Ruling MT 2006/1 The New Tax System: the meaning of entity carrying on an enterprise for the purposes of entitlement to an Australian Business Number. | [6] Section 23-15 of the GST Act, and sections 23-15.01 and 23-15.02 of the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Regulations 2019. | [7] Subsection 25-10(1A) of the GST Act provides that from 1 July 2012, the date of effect of GST registration must not be a day that occurred more than 4 years before the day of the decision to register an entity, unless the Commissioner is of the opinion there has been fraud or evasion. | [8] Division 54 of the GST Act. | [9] Subsection 25-55(1) of the GST Act. | [10] Subsection 25-57(1) of the GST Act. | [11] Subsection 25-55(2) of the GST Act. | This practice statement was originally published on 16 February 2007. Versions published from 5 March 2008 are available electronically - refer to the online version of the practice statement. Versions published prior to this date are not available electronically. If needed, these can be requested by emailing TCNLawPublishingandPolicy@ato.gov.au