Private ruling: Residency
Published: November 2011
Ruling period: Year ended 30 June 2012 | Year ended 30 June 2013 | Year ended 30 June 2014
Date scheme commenced: 1 July 2011

Ruling: Q1: Are you a resident of Australia for tax purposes while you were living and working overseas? | A1: 



Reasons for decision: Summary: An Australian resident for tax purposes is defined in subsection 995-1(1) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997) to be a person who is a resident of Australia for the purposes of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (ITAA 1936). The terms 'resident' and 'resident of Australia', in regard to an individual, are defined in subsection 6(1) of the ITAA 1936. The definition provides four tests to ascertain whether a taxpayer is a resident of Australia for income tax purposes. These tests are: · the resides test, · the domicile test, · the 183 day test, and · the superannuation test. The primary test for deciding the residency status of an individual is whether the individual resides in Australia according to the ordinary meaning of the word resides. If the primary test is satisfied the remaining three tests do not need to be considered as residency for Australian tax purposes has been established. Where an individual does not reside in Australia according to ordinary concepts, they may still be considered to be an Australian resident if they meet the conditions of one of the other tests. | Detailed Reasoning - The resides test: The ordinary meaning of the word 'reside', according to the Macquarie Dictionary , 2001, rev. 3 rd edition, The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd, NSW, is 'to dwell permanently or for a considerable time; having one's abode for a time', and according to the Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary (1987), is 'to dwell permanently, or for a considerable time, to have one's settled or usual abode, to live in or at a particular place'. You will be living and working overseas for approximately two years, and accordingly you will not be residing in Australia. As you do not meet the resides test, we will need to consider whether you meet any of the other three tests of residency. | Detailed Reasoning - The domicile test: Under this test, a person is a resident of Australia for tax purposes if their domicile is in Australia, unless the Commissioner is satisfied that their permanent place of abode is outside of Australia. Domicile Domicile is the place that is considered by law to be your permanent home. It is usually something more than a place of residence. In order to show that a new domicile of choice in a country outside Australia has been adopted, the person must be able to prove an intention to make his or her home indefinitely in that country. Your domicile is Australia because you are an Australian citizen and you intend to return to Australia after your time away overseas. Therefore, you will be a resident of Australia unless the Commissioner considers you have established a permanent place of abode outside of Australia. Permanent place of abode The expression 'place of abode' refers to a person's residence, where they live with their family and sleep at night. In essence, a person's place of abode is that person's dwelling place or the physical surroundings in which a person lives. A permanent place of abode does not have to be 'everlasting' or 'forever'. It does not mean an abode in which a person intends to live for the rest of his or her life. An intention to return to Australia in the foreseeable future to live does not prevent the taxpayer in the meantime setting up a permanent place of abode elsewhere. Paragraph 23 of Taxation Ruling IT 2650 Residency - Permanent place of abode outside Australia sets out the following factors which are used by the Commissioner in reaching a state of satisfaction as to a taxpayer's permanent place of abode: · the intended and actual length of the taxpayer's stay in the overseas country; · whether the taxpayer intended to stay in the overseas country only temporarily and then to move on to another country or to return to Australia at some definite point in time; · whether the taxpayer has established a home (in the sense of dwelling place; a house or other shelter that is the fixed residence of a person, a family, or a household), outside Australia; · whether any residence or place of abode exists in Australia or has been abandoned because of the overseas absence; · the duration and continuity of the taxpayer's presence in the overseas country; and · the durability of association that the person has with a particular place in Australia, i.e. maintaining bank accounts in Australia, informing government departments such as the Department of Social Security that he or she is leaving permanently and that family allowance payments should be stopped, place of education of the taxpayer's children, family ties and so on. The Commissioner is not satisfied that you have a permanent place of abode outside Australia because: · You intend to return to Australia at the end of your employment contract · You are not intending to live overseas permanently · Your employment contract is only for two years with an option to extend but you are not sure if you will extend it at this stage · You will be renting a house overseas while you are employed there · You have a house in Australia that you will keep and rent out until you return to Australia As the Commissioner is not satisfied that you have established a permanent place of abode outside Australia you are a resident of Australia under the domicile test. | Detailed Reasoning - Your residency status: As you are a resident of Australia under the domicile test of residency there is no need to examine the remaining tests. | Detailed Reasoning - Conclusion: As you are domiciled in Australia, and the Commissioner is satisfied that you do not have a permanent place of abode outside Australia, you are a resident of Australia for the duration of your employment overseas. Your foreign income is assessable in Australia and you are required to lodge a tax return in Australia. You may, however, be entitled to a foreign income tax offset for the foreign tax you paid.

Please check this edited version to be sure that there are no details remaining that you think may allow you to be identified. If you have any concerns about this ruling you wish to discuss, you will find our contact details in the fact sheet. | Relevant facts: Your country of origin is Australia and you are an Australian citizen. | You are leaving Australia to work overseas. | You have an employment contract which is for two years. It can be cancelled by yourself or your employer after the first three months. | Your employment contract can be extended at the end of the two years. At this stage you are unsure if you will extend the contract beyond the two years. | You have not yet been issued with a visa but believe you will have a working visa. | You will not be accompanied by any family members as your daughter lives with your former spouse in Australia. | You plan to live in rented accommodation overseas such as a house or unit. | You intend to travel back to Australia approximately four times a year to visit family and friends. | You have a house in Australia that you intend to rent out. | You have never been a member of any Commonwealth superannuation funds. | Relevant legislative provisions | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 6-5 | Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 Subsection 6(1)