Private ruling: Lump sum payment from a foreign superannuation fund
Published: January 2013
Ruling period: Year ending 30 June 2013
Date scheme commenced: 1 July 2012

Ruling: Q1: Is any part of the benefits transferred from pension schemes in the overseas country to an Australian superannuation fund assessable as applicable fund earnings under section 305-75 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997)? | A1: Yes.

Relevant facts and circumstances: A few years ago, your client migrated to Australia and became a permanent resident of Australia for tax purposes. Your client was a member of two pension funds in the overseas country. During the 2012-13 income year, and more than six months after becoming a resident of Australia, your client's benefits were transferred from the overseas funds to a complying superannuation fund in Australia. Your client no longer has an interest in the overseas pension funds. Since your client migrated to Australia there have been no contributions to these pension funds. Funds cannot be accessed from these pension funds in the overseas country other than at retirement.

Relevant legislative provisions: Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 295-95(2) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 305-70 | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-70(1) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 305-75 | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75(2) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75(3) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75(5) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75(6) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 306-70 | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 995-1(1) | Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 Section 10 | Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 Section 19 | Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 Section 62

Reasons for decision: Detailed Reasoning - Summary of decision: The 'applicable fund earnings' in respect of the lump sum payments received by your client from Fund 1 and to be included in their assessable income in the 2012-13 income year is: · $C The 'applicable fund earnings' in respect of the lump sum payments received by your client from Fund 2 and to be included in their assessable income in the 2012-13 income year is: · $F | Detailed Reasoning - Lump sum payments transferred from foreign superannuation funds: The applicable fund earnings in relation to a lump sum payment from a foreign superannuation fund , that is received more than six months after a person has become an Australian resident, will be assessable under section 305-70 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997). The remainder of the lump sum payment is not assessable income and is not exempt income. The applicable fund earnings is subject to tax at the person's marginal rate. The remainder of the lump sum payment is not assessable income and is not exempt income. The applicable fund earnings is the amount worked out under either subsection 305-75(2) or (3) of the ITAA 1997. Subsection 305-75(2) applies where the person was an Australian resident at all times during the period to which the lump sum relates. Before determining whether an amount is assessable under section 305-70 of the ITAA 1997, it is necessary to ascertain whether the payment is being made from a foreign superannuation fund. If the entity making the payment is not a foreign superannuation fund then section 305-70 will not have any application. | Detailed Reasoning - Foreign superannuation fund: A foreign superannuation fund is defined in subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997 as follows: (a) a superannuation fund is a foreign superannuation fund at a time if the fund is not an Australian superannuation fund at that time; and (b) a superannuation fund is a foreign superannuation fund for an income year if the fund is not an Australian superannuation fund for the income year. Under the definition of Australian superannuation fund in subsection 295-95(2) of the ITAA 1997 a superannuation fund that is established outside of Australia and has its central management and control outside of Australia would qualify as a foreign superannuation fund . The fact that some of its members may be Australian residents would not necessarily alter this. Subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997 defines a superannuation fund as having the same meaning given by section 10 of the Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 (SIS Act), which requires that the fund is a provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund. | Detailed Reasoning - Provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund: The issue of what constitutes a provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund was discussed by the Full Bench of the High Court in Mahony v. Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1967) 41 ALJR 232; (1967) 14 ATD 519 (Mahony) . In that case, Justice Kitto's judgement indicated that a fund does not satisfy any of the three provisions, that is, 'provident, benefit or superannuation fund', if there exist provisions for the payment of benefits 'for any other reason whatsoever'. In other words, though a fund may contain provisions for retirement purposes, it could not be accepted as a superannuation fund if it contained provisions that benefits could be paid in circumstances other than those relating to retirement. In section 62 of the SIS Act, a regulated superannuation fund must be 'maintained solely' for the 'core purposes' of providing benefits to a member where the events occur: · on or after retirement from gainful employment; or · attaining a prescribed age; and · on the members' death (this may require the benefits being passed on to a member's dependants or legal representative). Notwithstanding the SIS Act applies only to 'regulated superannuation funds' (as defined in section 19 of the SIS Act), and foreign superannuation funds do not qualify as regulated superannuation funds as they are established and operate outside Australia, the Commissioner views the SIS Act (and the SIS Regulations) as providing guidance as to what 'benefit' and 'specific future purpose' a superannuation fund should provide. The Fund only pays benefits on retirement and would therefore meet the definition of a superannuation fund. It is also evident that the fund is established outside of Australia with its central management and control outside of Australia. On the basis of the above information, the Commissioner considers that the Fund is a foreign superannuation fund as defined in subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997. | Detailed Reasoning - Applicable fund earnings: The 'applicable fund earnings' are worked out under section 305-75. As mentioned earlier, subsection 305-75(3) applies where the person becomes an Australian resident after the start of the period to which the lump sum relates. If you become an Australian resident after the start of the period to which the lump sum relates, the amount of your applicable fund earnings is the amount (not less than zero) worked out as follows: (a) Work out the total of the following amounts: (i) The amount in the fund that was vested in you just before the day (the start day) you first became an Australian resident during the period; (ii) The part of the payment that is attributable to contributions to the fund made by or in respect of you during the remainder of the period; (iii) The part of the payment (if any) that is attributable to amounts transferred into the fund from any other foreign superannuation fund during the period: (b) Subtract that total amount from the amount in the fund that was vested in you when the lump sum was paid (before any deduction for foreign tax); (c) Multiply the resulting amount by the proportion of the total days during the period when you were an Australian resident; (d) Add the total of all previously exempt fund earnings (if any) covered by subsections (5) and (6). In short, your client is assessed only on the income earned (the accretion) in respect of the overseas pension funds less any contributions your client made since he became a resident of Australia. Further, any amounts representative of earnings during the periods of non-residency, and transfers into the paying fund do not form part of the taxable amount when the overseas benefit is paid. | Detailed Reasoning - Foreign currency conversion: Subsection 960-50(1) of the ITAA 1997 states that an amount in a foreign currency is to be translated into Australian dollars (A$). The applicable fund earnings is the result of a calculation from two other amounts and subsection 960-50(4) states that when applying section 960-50 to amounts that are elements in the calculation of another amount you need to: (a) First, translate any amounts that are elements in the calculation of other amounts (except special accrual amounts); and (b) Then, calculate the other amounts. · item 11 which deals with a receipt or payment to which none of the other items apply, and · item 11A which applies to amounts that are neither receipts nor payments and to which none of the other items apply. Item 11 of the table in subsection 960-50(6) of the ITAA 1997 applies to a receipt or payment where none of the other items applies. The payment your client finally received is not included in any of the other items in the table so it will fall within item 11. Under this item, the payment is translated into Australian dollars at the exchange rate applicable at the time of receipt. When the amount in the foreign fund that was vested in your client just before they became a resident of Australia (subparagraph 305-75(3)(a)(i) of the ITAA 1997) is determined, there is no actual receipt or payment of an amount. All that occurs is a determination of the vested amount expressed in the foreign currency. Regulation 960-50.01 of the Income Tax Assessment Regulations 1997 (ITAR) modifies the table in subsection 960-50(6) of the ITAA 1997 to include item 11A that applies to amounts other than receipts and payments, and for which none of the other items apply. Consequently the vested amount is translated into Australian dollars at an exchange rate that is reasonable having regard to the circumstances. Therefore, for the purposes of section 305-70 of the ITAA 1997, the 'applicable fund earnings' should be calculated by translating the amount received from the foreign fund at the exchange rate applicable on the day of receipt of Australian dollars and deducting from this amount the Australian dollar equivalent of the amount vested in the fund at the exchange rate applicable just before the day your client first became an Australian resident. | Detailed Reasoning - Amounts to be used in calculation: The value of your client's benefits in the overseas pension funds the day before your client became a resident of Australia are converted into Australian dollars at the exchange rate that applied on that day. From the facts provided no contributions have been made to the two pension funds in the overseas country since your client migrated to Australia. There have been no transfers into the two pension funds in the overseas country from other foreign pension schemes by your client since becoming a resident of Australia. Your client's benefits were paid from the two overseas pension funds to your client in the form of one-off lump sums which were transferred directly into a complying Australian superannuation fund. These amounts were vested for your client when the lump sums were paid. The amounts were converted into Australian dollars at the exchange rate that applied on the day they were transferred. By using the exchange rates that applied on the day the benefits were transferred, the payments from each fund have been converted to Australian dollars. 'The period' for the purposes of paragraph 305-75(3)(c)of the ITAA 1997 commences on the day on which the person first became an Australian resident and ceases on the day the lump sum is paid. Your client was a resident for the whole of both those periods. Therefore, the Australian resident days and the total days are the same, and so the proportion to be used in the calculation is 1. There are no previously exempt fund earnings in relation to the lump sum. | Detailed Reasoning - Fund 1: Applying subsection 305-75(3) of the ITAA 1997 to your client's circumstances, the amounts to be used in calculating the applicable fund earnings for Fund 1 are as follows: § 305-75(3)(a)(i) $A § 305-75(3)(a)(ii) Nil § 305-75(3)(a)(iii) Nil § 305-75(3)(b) $B § 305-75(3)(c) 1 § 305-75(3)(d) Nil | Detailed Reasoning - Calculation of the assessable amount of the payment from Fund 1: In accordance with subsection 305-75 (3) of the ITAA 1997 the amounts determined at sub-paragraphs 305-75(3)(a)(i), (ii) and (iii) are added: $A+ nil + nil = $A This total is then subtracted from the amount determined under paragraph 305-75(3)(b): $B less $A is $C This figure is multiplied by the proportion of the total days determined under paragraph 305-75(3)(c): $C x 1 = $C. To this figure we add the amounts determined under paragraph 305-75(3)(d): $C + nil = $C | Detailed Reasoning - Fund 2: For Fund 2 the relevant amounts are as follows: § 305-75(3)(a)(i) $D § 305-75(3)(a)(ii) Nil § 305-75(3)(a)(iii) Nil § 305-75(3)(b) $E § 305-75(3)(c) 1 § 305-75(3)(d) Nil Following the same calculations for Fund 1, the applicable fund earnings for Fund 2 are $F. | Summary: The 'applicable fund earnings' for each account are: Fund 1 - $C. Fund 2 - $F | Detailed Reasoning - Election: A taxpayer transferring their overseas superannuation directly to an Australian complying superannuation fund more than six months after becoming a resident, may be able to elect under subsection 305-80(2) of the ITAA 1997 to have all or part of the payment treated as assessable income of the Australian superannuation fund. As a result, the amount specified in the election notice will be included as assessable income of the superannuation fund and subject to tax at 15% rather than being included in the taxpayer's assessable income and subject to tax at the taxpayer's marginal rate. Your client can elect to have all or part of the 'applicable fund earnings' from Fund 1 and 2 treated as assessable income of their complying Australian superannuation fund because immediately after the relevant payments were made, your client no longer had an interest in the foreign funds (subsection 305-80(1) of the ITAA 1997). The election must be in writing, specify the amount to be covered by the election and comply with any requirements specified in the Income Tax Regulations (subsection 305-80(3) of the ITAA 1997). An amount that is covered by an election under section 305-80 of the ITAA 1997 will not be treated as either a concessional contribution or a non-concessional contribution to the Australian superannuation fund. Consequently, this amount will not count towards your concessional or non-concessional contributions caps for the relevant income year. | Detailed Reasoning - Conclusion:: The parts of the lump sum payments from Funds 1 and 2 which were transferred to your client's Australian superannuation fund, that are assessable as applicable fund earnings are as follows: · An amount of $C of Fund 1 is assessable. · An amount of $F of Fund 2 is assessable. Your client can elect to have all or part of the 'applicable fund earnings' from Funds 1 and 2 treated as assessable income of their complying Australian superannuation fund because immediately after the relevant payments were made, your client will no longer have an interest in the foreign funds.