Private ruling: Pension payment and applicable fund earnings
Date of advice: 27 April 2021
Published: July 2021
Ruling period: Income year ended 30 June 2019
Date scheme commenced: 1 July 2018

Ruling: Q1: Are the pension payments you received from the Scheme included in your assessable income? | A1: Yes. | Q2: Is any part of the lump sum payment received by you from the Scheme assessable as applicable fund earnings under section 305-70 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997)? | A2: Yes.

Relevant facts and circumstances: You were born in Australia and from late 1988 you lived in overseas. You joined a pension scheme (the Scheme). The rules of the Scheme provide that benefits can be paid at the age of 55 for retirement, incapacity and death. You returned to Australia in 1992. You elected an option of a reduced pension and the lump sum. The lump sum represented 25% of the total value of your pension account. You will receive a pension in four quarterly instalments. The pension is paid into your UK bank account. You do not pay any tax in UK for the pension.

Relevant legislative provisions: Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 6-5 | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 6-10 | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 305-70 | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 305-75 | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 960-50

Reasons for decision: Detailed Reasoning - Pension - assessable income: As an Australian resident your assessable income will include ordinary and statutory income from all sources whether in or out of Australia (sections 6-5 and 6-10 of the ITAA 1997). Section 27H of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (ITAA 1936) provides that annuities and pensions paid from foreign superannuation funds or foreign pension schemes to provide superannuation benefits are included in assessable income. A foreign superannuation fund is defined in subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997 as being a superannuation fund that is not an Australian superannuation fund. A superannuation fund has the meaning given by subsection 10(1) of the Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 , which requires that the fund is a 'provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund'. Based on the rules of the Scheme it meets the definition of a superannuation fund and as it is not an Australian superannuation fund it is a foreign superannuation fund. Accordingly, the pension is assessable income in accordance with section 27H of the ITAA 1936. In determining your liability to pay tax in Australia it is also necessary to consider the operation of any applicable tax treaty contained in the International Tax Agreements Act 1953 (Agreements Act). Section 4 of the Agreements Act incorporates that Act with the ITAA 1936 and the ITAA 1997 so that all three Acts are read as one. The Agreements Act overrides both the ITAA 1936 and the ITAA 1997 where there are inconsistent provisions (except in some limited situations). The Convention between Australia and the UK (the UK Convention) operates to avoid the double taxation of Australian and UK residents. Article 17 of the UK Convention provides that a pension will only be taxable in the country of residence of the recipient. Accordingly, the pension you receive from the Scheme is taxed only in Australia under Article 17 of the UK Convention and is assessable in Australia under section 27H of the ITAA 1936. The pension payments are to be included at label L in Question 20 of the Supplementary section of the tax return. | Detailed Reasoning - Lump sum payments from foreign superannuation funds: When a person receives a lump sum payment from a foreign superannuation fund more than six months after they became an Australian resident, an amount may be included in their assessable income as 'applicable fund earnings' under section 305-70 of the ITAA 1997. The applicable fund earnings is the amount worked out under either subsection 305-75(2) or (3) of the ITAA 1997. Subsection 305-75(2) applies where the person was an Australian resident at all times during the period to which the lump sum relates. Subsection 305-75(3) applies where the person was not an Australian resident at all times during the period to which the lump sum relates. Subsection 305-75(3) of the ITAA 1997 states: If you become an Australian resident after the start of the period to which the lump sum relates, the amount of your applicable fund earningsis the amount (not less than zero) worked out as follows: (a) work out the total of the following amounts: (i) the amount in the fund that was vested in you just before the day (the start day) you first became an Australian resident during the period; (ii) the part of the payment that is attributable to contributions to the fund made by or in respect of you during the remainder of the period; (iii) the part of the payment (if any) that is attributable to amounts transferred into the fund from any other *foreign superannuation fund during the period; (b) subtract that total amount from the amount in the fund that was vested in you when the lump sum was paid (before any deduction for *foreign income tax); (c) multiply the resulting amount by the proportion of the total days during the period when you were an Australian resident; (d) add the total of all previously exempt fund earnings (if any) covered by subsections (5) and (6). Where a person commences a pension from the foreign superannuation fund at the same time as the superannuation lump sum is paid, subsection 305-75(3) of the ITAA 1997 is applied on a proportionate basis relevant to the lump sum entitlement. For the purposes of working out your applicable fund earnings in relation to the superannuation lump sum under section 305-75 of the ITAA 1997, the correct rule for translating foreign currency into AUD is the rule described in Item 11A of the table in subsection 960-50(6) of the ITAA 1997. In the circumstances of this case, each amount in a foreign currency that is an element in the calculation of your applicable fund earnings is to be translated to AUD at the exchange rate applicable at the time of receipt of the superannuation lump sum. The UK Convention does not have an Article that specifically deals with lump sum payments from superannuation funds. This means that Article 20 of the UK Convention dealing with 'Other Income" will apply. In accordance with Article 20 of the UK Convention the lump sum payment is taxable in Australia. Accordingly, the lump sum payment from the Scheme is taxable in Australia under Article 20 of the UK Convention and is assessable in Australia under section 305-70 of the ITAA 1997 as applicable fund earnings. The amount of applicable fund earnings is shown at label M of question 20 in the Supplementary section of the tax return. You should also complete label E of question 20 with the total amount of your assessable foreign source income.