Private ruling: Lump sum payments from a foreign pension funds.
Published: September 2014
Ruling period: Year ending 30 June 2015
Date scheme commenced: 1 July 2013

Ruling: Q1: 1. Will any part of the benefits transferred from the Foreign Funds be assessable as applicable fund earnings under section 305-70 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997)? 2. Can you choose to include all or part of the applicable fund earnings (if any) worked out under section 305-75 of the ITAA 1997 to be included in the assessable income of the Australian fund in accordance with section 305-80 of the ITAA 1997. | A1: 1. No 2. No

Relevant facts and circumstances: This ruling is based on the facts stated in the description of the scheme that is set out below. If your circumstances are materially different from these facts, this ruling has no effect and you cannot rely on it. The fact sheet has more information about relying on your private ruling. You were formerly a foreign resident. You became an Australian resident for tax purposes a number of years ago. Prior to arriving in Australia, you became a member of two foreign funds (the Foreign Funds). You cannot access your benefits in the Foreign Funds other than at retirement in the foreign country. There have been no contributions to the Foreign Funds since you became an Australian resident for tax purposes. You transferred the full amount of your interest in the Foreign Funds to a complying Australian superannuation fund (the Australian Fund). You have agreed to an estimated value of your benefits in the Foreign Funds on the day just before the day you first became an Australian resident . During the 2013-14 and 2014-15 income years, your benefits in the Foreign Funds were transferred to the Australian Fund. You no longer hold any interest in the Foreign Funds.

Relevant legislative provisions: Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 295-95(2) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 305-70 | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-70(1) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 305-75 | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75(2) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75 (3) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75 (5) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75 (6) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 305-80. | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-80(1) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-80(2) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 960-50(1) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 960-50(4) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 995-1(1) | Income Tax Assessment Regulations 1997 Regulation 960-50.01 | Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 Section 10 | Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 Subsection 10(1) | Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 Section 62

Reasons for decision: Summary: The 'applicable fund earnings' in respect of the lump sum payment transferred from the Foreign Funds to the Australian Fund is zero. As a result, no amount of lump sum payments received from the Foreign Funds will be included as 'applicable fund earnings' in your income tax returns for the 2013-14 and 2014-15 income years. As the applicable fund earnings worked out under section 305-75 of the ITAA 1997 is zero, there is no applicable fund earnings that may be included in the assessable income of the Australian Fund in accordance with section 305-80 of the ITAA 1997. Conversely, if the applicable fund earnings amount was greater than zero, you could choose to have all or part of that amount (but not exceeding the amount of the lump sum) included in the assessable income of the Australian Fund. | Detailed Reasoning - Lump sum payments transferred from foreign superannuation funds: The applicable fund earnings in relation to a lump sum payment from a foreign superannuation fund, that is received more than six months after a person has become an Australian resident, will be assessable under section 305-70 of the ITAA 1997. The applicable fund earnings amount is subject to tax at the person's marginal rate. The remainder of the lump sum payment is not assessable income and is not exempt income. The applicable fund earnings is the amount worked out under either subsection 305-75(2) or (3) of the ITAA 1997. Subsection 305-75(2) applies where the person was an Australian resident at all times during the period to which the lump sum relates. Subsection 305-75(3) applies where the person was not an Australian resident at all times during the period to which the lump sum relates. An amount is only assessable under section 305-70 of the ITAA 1997 if the entity making the payment is a foreign superannuation fund. | Detailed Reasoning - Meaning of 'foreign superannuation fund': A foreign superannuation fund is defined in subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997 as follows: (a) a superannuation fund is a foreign superannuation fund at a time if the fund is not an Australian superannuation fund at that time; and (b) a superannuation fund is a foreign superannuation fund for an income year if the fund is not an Australian superannuation fund for the income year. Subsection 295-95(2) of the ITAA 1997 defines Australian superannuation fund as follows: A superannuation fund is an Australian superannuation fund at a time, and for the income year in which that time occurs, if: (a) the fund was established in Australia, or any asset of the fund is situated in Australia at that time; and (b) at that time, the central management and control of the fund is ordinarily in Australia; and (c) at that time either the fund had no member covered by subsection (3) (an active member) or at least 50% of: (i) the total market value of the fund's assets attributable to superannuation interests held by active members; or (ii) the sum of the amounts that would be payable to or in respect of active members if they voluntarily ceased to be members; is attributable to superannuation interests held by active members who are Australian residents. Thus, a superannuation fund that is established outside of Australia and has its central management and control outside of Australia would qualify as a foreign superannuation fund. The fact that some of its members may be Australian residents would not necessarily alter this. Subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997 defines a superannuation fund as having the same meaning given by section 10 of the Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 (SISA. In accordance with subsection 10(1) of the SISA, superannuation fund means: (a) a fund that: (i) is an indefinitely continuing fund; and (ii) is a provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund; or (b) a public sector superannuation scheme. | Detailed Reasoning - Meaning of 'provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund': The High Court examined both the terms 'superannuation fund' and 'fund' in Scott v. Federal Commissioner of Taxation (No 2) (1966) 40 ALJR 265; (1966) 14 ATD 333; [1966] LB Co's Tax Serv 80; (1966) 10 AITR 290. In that case, Justice Windeyer stated: …I have come to the conclusion that there is no essential single attribute of a superannuation fund established for the benefit of employees except that it must be a fund bona fide devoted as its sole purpose to providing for employees who are participants money benefits (or benefits having a monetary value) upon their reaching a prescribed age. In this connexion "fund", I take it, ordinarily means money (or investments) set aside and invested, the surplus income therefrom being capitalised. I do not put this forward as a definition, but rather as a general description. The issue of what constitutes a 'provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund' was discussed by the Full Bench of the High Court in Mahony v. Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1967) 41 ALJR 232; (1967) 14 ATD 519. In that case, Justice Kitto held that a fund had to exclusively be a 'provident, benefit or superannuation fund' and that 'connoted a purpose narrower than the purpose of conferring benefits in a completely general sense…'. This narrower purpose meant that the benefits had to be 'characterised by some specific future purpose' such as the example given by Justice Kitto of a funeral benefit. In section 62 of SISA, a regulated superannuation fund must be 'maintained solely' for the 'core purposes' of providing benefits to a member when the events occur: • on or after retirement from gainful employment; or • attaining a prescribed age; and • on the member's death. (this may require the benefits being passed on to a member's dependants or legal representative). Notwithstanding the SISA applies only to 'regulated superannuation funds' (as defined in section 19 of the SISA), and foreign superannuation funds do not qualify as regulated superannuation funds as they are established and operate outside Australia, the Commissioner views the SISA (and the Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Regulations 1994 (SISR) as providing guidance as to what 'benefit' or 'specific future purpose' a superannuation fund should provide. In view of the legislation and the decisions made in Scott and Mahony , the Commissioner's view is that for a fund to be classified as a superannuation fund, it must exclusively provide a narrow range of benefits that are characterised by some specific future purpose. That is, the payment of superannuation benefits upon retirement, invalidity or death of the individual or as specified under the SISA and the SISR. It is evident that the Foreign Funds were established outside of Australia and that the central management and control of the funds is ordinarily outside of Australia. Based on that fact and fact that you advised that you could not access your benefits in the foreign funds other than on retirement, the Commissioner considers that the Foreign Funds are foreign superannuation funds as defined in subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997. | Detailed Reasoning - Applicable fund earnings: You became a resident of Australia for tax purposes a number of years ago. You received the lump sum payments in respect of your entitlements in the Foreign Funds during the 2013-14 and 2014-15 income years. As this was more than six months after you became an Australian resident for tax purposes, section 305-70 of the ITAA 1997 applies to include the 'applicable fund earnings'(if any) in your assessable income for the relevant income years. The 'applicable fund earnings' amounts are worked out under section 305-75 of the ITAA 1997. As mentioned earlier, subsection 305-75(3) of the ITAA 1997 applies where the person becomes an Australian resident after the start of the period to which the lump sum relates. Subsection 305-75(3) of the ITAA 1997 states: If you become an Australian resident after the start of the period to which the lump sum relates, the amount of your applicable fund earnings is the amount (not less than zero) worked out as follows: (a) work out the total of the following amounts: (i) The amount in the fund that was vested in you just before the day (the start day) you first became an Australian resident during the period; (ii) the part of the payment that is attributable to contributions to the fund made by or in respect of you during the remainder of the period; (iii) the part of the payment (if any) that is attributable to amounts transferred into the fund from any other *foreign superannuation fund during the period; (b) subtract that total amount from the amount in the fund that was vested in you when the lump sum was paid (before any deduction for *foreign tax); (c) multiply the resulting amount by the proportion of the total days during the period when you were an Australian resident; (d) add the total of all previously exempt fund earnings (if any) covered by subsections (5) and (6). This means you are assessed only on the income you earned on the benefits in the Foreign Funds less any contributions you made since you became a resident of Australia. Any earnings made during periods of non-residency, and transfers into the paying fund do not form part of the taxable amount when the overseas benefit is paid. | Detailed Reasoning - Foreign currency conversion: Subsection 960-50(1) of the ITAA 1997 states that an amount in a foreign currency is to be translated into Australian dollars (A$). The applicable fund earnings is the result of a calculation from two other amounts and subsection 960-50(4) states that when applying section 960-50 to amounts that are elements in the calculation of another amount you need to: • first, translate any amounts that are elements in the calculation of other amounts (except special accrual amounts); and • then, calculate the other amounts. The table in subsection 960-50(6) of the ITAA 1997 sets out the translation rules. Only the following items are relevant to determining the issue in your case: • item 11 which deals with a receipt or payment to which none of the other items apply, and • item 11A which applies to amounts that are neither receipts nor payments and to which none of the other items apply. Item 11 of the table in subsection 960-50(6) of the ITAA 1997 applies to a receipt or payment where none of the other items applies. The payment you will finally receive is not included in any of the other items in the table so it will fall within item 11. Under this item, the payment is translated into Australian dollars at the exchange rate applicable at the time of receipt. When the amount in the Foreign Fund that was vested in you just before you became a resident of Australia (subparagraph 305-75(3)(a)(i) of the ITAA 1997) is determined, there is no actual receipt or payment of an amount. All that occurs is a determination of the vested amount expressed in the foreign currency. Regulation 960-50.01 of the Income Tax Assessment Regulations 1997 (ITAR) modifies the table in subsection 960-50(6) of the ITAA 1997 to include item 11A that applies to amounts other than receipts and payments, and for which none of the other items apply. Consequently the vested amount is translated into Australian dollars at an exchange rate that is reasonable having regard to the circumstances. Therefore, for the purposes of section 305-70 of the ITAA 1997, the 'applicable fund earnings' amounts should be calculated by: • translating the amount received from the Foreign Funds at the exchange rate applicable on the day of receipt to Australian dollars; and • deducting from this amount the Australian dollar equivalent of the amount vested in the funds at the exchange rate applicable just before the day you first became an Australian resident. | Detailed Reasoning - Calculation of the assessable amount of the payment from the foreign funds: In accordance with subsection 305-75(3) of the ITAA 1997 the amounts determined at subparagraphs 305-75(3)(a)(i), (ii) and (iii) are added. This total is then subtracted from the amount determined under paragraph 305 75(3)(b). This figure is multiplied by the proportion of the total days determined under paragraph 305-75(3)(c). To this figure we add the amounts determined under paragraph 305-75(3)(d). The same method is used to calculate each of the amounts involved in the two foreign funds your client held. As, in this case, the amount of applicable fund earnings is calculated to be less than zero, the applicable fund earnings are taken to be zero. Consequently, no portions of the lump sum payments transferred from the Foreign Funds to the Australian Fund are assessable as 'applicable fund earnings' in the 2013-14 and 2014-15 income years. | Detailed Reasoning - Lump sums paid into complying superannuation funds: A taxpayer transferring their overseas superannuation benefits directly to an Australian complying superannuation fund more than six months after becoming an Australian resident for tax purposes, may be able to elect under subsection 305-80(2) of the ITAA 1997 to have all or part of the payment treated as assessable income of the Australian superannuation fund. As a result, the amount specified in the election notice will be included in the assessable income of the superannuation fund and subject to tax at 15% rather than being included in the taxpayer's assessable income and subject to tax at the taxpayer's marginal rate of tax. To qualify, you must, immediately after the relevant payment is made, no longer have an interest in the paying fund (subsection 305-80(1) of the ITAA 1997). The election must be in writing, must specify the amount to be covered by the election and must comply with any requirements specified in the Income Tax Assessment Regulations 1997 (subsection 305-80(3) of the ITAA 1997). As noted in the facts of this case, you will not have further interest in the foreign funds as all your benefits will be transferred to the Australian Fund. Therefore, had the amounts of applicable fund earnings with respect to the payments received from the Foreign Funds been greater than zero, you would have been eligible to make an election under section 305-80 of the ITAA 1997 to have the amount (but not exceeding the amount of the lump sum) treated as assessable income of the Australian Fund. However, as the amount of the applicable fund earnings in respect of the lump sum payments received from the Foreign Funds is zero, section 305-80 of the ITAA 1997 does not apply to these payments.