Private ruling: Undeducted purchase price of your foreign pension
Published: August 2014
Date scheme commenced: After January 1999.

Ruling: Q1: Are you entitled to a deductible amount in respect of the undeducted purchase price (UPP) of your foreign pension 1? | A1: Yes. | Q2: Are you entitled to a deductible amount in respect of the UPP of your foreign pension 2? | A2: No. Please refer to 'reasons for decision' below. | Q3: Are you entitled to a deductible amount in respect of the UPP of your foreign pension 3? | A3: Yes.

Relevant facts and circumstances: You receive pensions from retirement funds established and managed outside Australia. The international tax agreements between Australia and the countries in which the retirement funds are established and managed provide that the pension is taxable in Australia. The pensions became payable on or after 1 July 1983. All the pensions are payable to you. You have an amount of contributions, other than employer contributions, paid to the purchase of the pensions. The residual capital value of the pensions is nil. Pensions 1 and 3 are both paid on a regular basis. Pension 1 and 3 are payable for life, and on your death revert to your spouse. Pension 2 was commuted into a lump sum payment.

Relevant legislative provisions: Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 Section 27H | Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 Subsection 27H(2) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 Subsection 27H(3) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 Subsection 27H(4) | Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 960-50 | Income Tax Regulations 1936 Regulation 9 | Income Tax Assessment Regulations 1997 Regulation 960-50.01 | Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Regulations 1994 Regulation 1.06 | Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 Section 42

Reasons for decision: Summary: You have part year and annual deductible amounts. | Detailed Reasoning - Deductible amount: Section 27H of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (ITAA 1936) operates to include in assessable income, the amount of any pension derived by a taxpayer during a year of income reduced by the annual deductible amount. The deductible amount is deemed to be a return of part of your contribution towards the purchase of the pension. The deductible amount is calculated based on the UPP of your pension. The UPP is the amount you contributed towards the purchase price of your pension for which you did not claim, and were not eligible to claim, a tax deduction in Australia. Contributions made by an employer or by another person under an agreement to which the employer was a party, cannot form part of the UPP of the pension. The definition of 'purchase price' is contained in subsection 27H(4) of the ITAA 1936. It states that purchase price includes the contributions made by a person to any foreign superannuation fund to obtain a pension and so much of contributions considered reasonable by the Commissioner as having been paid by a person to a foreign superannuation fund to obtain superannuation benefits including a pension. | Detailed Reasoning - How the annual deductible amount is calculated: Under subsection 27H(2) of the ITAA 1936, the annual deductible amount of a superannuation pension is ascertained in accordance with the formula: A (B - C) D A = is the relevant share of the pension payable to the taxpayer in relation to the year of income (if all of the pension is payable to the taxpayer, A = 1) B = is the amount of the UPP of the pension C = is the residual capital value, and D = is the relevant number in relation to the pension. There is no Taxation Ruling or Taxation Determination published which provides for an alternative calculation or Commissioner's discretion under section 27H(3) of the ITAA 1936. Under subsection 27H(4) of the ITAA 1936, when a pension is payable during the lifetime of a person, the 'life expectation factor' is to be used as the relevant number. Regulation 9 of the Income Tax Regulations 1936 states that for the purposes of the definition of life expectation factor in subsection 27H(4) of the ITAA 1936, the Australian Life Tables published by the Australian Government Actuary are to be used. The factors for determining the life expectancy are: 1. the date when the pension first became payable, and 2. your age when the pension commenced, and 3. your spouse's age when the pension commenced. In Taxation Determination TD 2006/72 Income tax: does the relevant number determined for the purposes of working out the deductible amount of a superannuation pension or annuity under subsection 27H(2) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 take into account the life expectancy of a reversionary pensioner or annuitant?, the Commissioner states, in paragraph 1, that the relevant number used to calculate the deductible amount of a superannuation pension that is payable to a person (the original pensioner) for life and on the death of that person is payable to another person for their life (the reversionary pensioner) will be the greater of the life expectancies of the original and reversionary pensioners. Personal superannuation contributions will form part of the 'purchase price' pursuant to subsection 27H(4) of the ITAA 1936 where they are made towards the purchase of a pension. The payment of a benefit will be taken to be a pension if certain payments standards are met, as set out by regulation 1.06 of the Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Regulations 1994 . These standards include that the income stream generally must be account-based and there must be a minimum amount paid at least annually. | Detailed Reasoning - How the part year deductible amount is calculated: Paragraph 2 of Taxation Determination TD 2006/17 Income tax: is the deductible amount that is excluded from assessable income when a superannuation pension or annuity is paid reduced when the pension or annuity commences or finishes being paid to a taxpayer part-way through an income year?, states that where a pension has commenced or finished during a financial year, the deductible amount should be determined under subsection 27H(3) of the ITAA 1936. The deductible amount in these circumstances is the amount that would be calculated under subsection 27H(2) of the ITAA 1936 apportioned in accordance with the number of days the pension was payable to you in that year. | Detailed Reasoning - Converting foreign currency to Australian currency: For the 2003-04 and subsequent financial years, subsection 960-50(1) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997) requires an amount in a foreign currency to be translated into Australian currency. Subsection 960-50(4) of the ITAA 1997 further requires any foreign currency elements in a calculation to be translated before the final amount is worked out. In accordance with the currency translation rules contained in section 960-50 of the ITAA 1997 and clarified in Taxation Determination TD 2006/54 Income tax: how does a taxpayer work out the amount to be included in assessable income under section 27H of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 for a superannuation pension or annuity that is payable in a foreign currency? , pensions received in foreign currency should be translated to Australian currency on the following basis: 1. if the amount is received at or before the time when it is derived - the amount is to be translated to Australian currency at the exchange rate applicable at the time of receipt; or 2. in any other case - the amount is to be translated to Australian currency at the exchange rate applicable when it is derived. As a general rule, the deductible amount is translated to Australian currency using the same exchange rate applying to the pension. Alternatively, regulation 960-50.01 of the Income Tax Assessment Regulations 1997 (ITAR 1997) and Schedule 2 to the ITAR 1997 allow pensions received in foreign currency and the deductible amount to be translated to Australian currency at the average exchange rate for the financial year. This is provided the conditions outlined in Schedule 2 to the ITAR are satisfied. Where the pension is received as a series of payments over the course of the financial year, and provided the average exchange rate is considered a reasonable approximation of the exchange rates, the conditions outlined in Schedule 2 to the ITAR 1997 will be satisfied. In your case, as your pension is paid on a regular basis, you are entitled to use the average exchange rate to translate your pension income and the annual deductible amount of your UPP. The average exchange rates are available from our superannuation information line on 13 10 20 or visit our website at ato.gov.au/super | Detailed Reasoning - Other relevant comments: Please note that from 1 July 2007, the legislation changed in relation to superannuation pensions and benefits paid from complying superannuation funds. However, these changes do not affect any pensions paid from overseas funds which are not considered complying superannuation funds under section 42 of the Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 as they are not resident funds. You will need to include your total foreign pension income in your income tax return and claim your annual deductible amount as advised by your private ruling above.