Private ruling: Foreign employment income
Date of advice: 11 April 2016
Published: June 2016
Ruling period: Year ending 30 June 2016 | Year ending 30 June 2017
Date scheme commenced: 1 July 2015

Ruling: Q1: Is your foreign employment income exempt from income tax in Australia under section 23AG of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (ITAA 1936)? | A1: Yes

Relevant facts and circumstances: You are an Australian resident for taxation purposes. You are a full time member of the Australian Defence Force. You have been posted to the Foreign Country A for 12 months. Your deployment commenced in mm/yyyy. You are engaged in continuous Foreign Service for more than 91 days. You are not holding a diplomatic passport. You are travelling to Foreign Country A with your official passport. There is no double tax agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of Foreign Country A, nor is there any agreement between the 2 countries that exempts your employment income being assessable in Foreign Country A. Foreign Country A normally taxes income derived in the capacity of an employee.

Relevant legislative provisions: Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 Section 23AG

Reasons for decision: Summary: Section 23AG of the ITAA 1936 provides that where you are working overseas and earning foreign employment income, the income is exempt from income tax in Australia if all of the following applies: • you are an Australian resident; • you are engaged in continuous foreign services as an employee for 91 days or more; • the foreign service is 'directly attributable' to an activity listed in subsection 23AG(1AA) of the ITAA 1936 (the listed activities include deployment outside Australia as a member of a disciplined force); and • you are not exclude from the exemption by specific conditions listed in the law. Subsection 23AG(2) of the ITAA 1936 provides that no exemption is available in circumstances where an amount of foreign earnings derived in a foreign country is exempt from tax in the foreign country solely because of: • a double tax agreement or a law of a country that gives effects to such an agreement (paragraphs 23AG(2)(a) and (b)); • a law of that foreign country which generally exempts from, or does not provide for, the imposition of income tax on income derived in the capacity of an employee, income from personal services or any other similar income (paragraphs 23AG(2)(c) and (d)); and • a law or international agreement dealing with diplomatic or consular privileges and immunities, or privileges and immunities of persons connected with international organisations (paragraphs 23AG(2)(e), (f) and (g)). If your foreign employment income is exempt for a reason other than, or in addition to, the conditions listed above, then it will still be exempt from taxation in Australia. In your case, you are an Australian resident; you are a full time member of the Australian Defence Force; you were deployed to Foreign Country A; you are engaged in continuous foreign services for 91 days or more. Therefore, your employment income will be exempt from tax in Australia as long as you are not caught by the non-exemption conditions as listed in subsection 23AG(2) of the ITAA 1936. In your situation, there is no double tax agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of Foreign Country A, nor is there any agreement between the 2 countries that exempts your employment income being assessable in Foreign Country A; Foreign Country A normally taxes income derived in the capacity of an employee. You have confirmed that the income you derived from your foreign service is assessable in Foreign Country A. Therefore, subsection 23AG(2) of the ITAA 1936 does not apply. Accordingly, your foreign employment income is exempt from income tax in Australia under subsection 23AG(1) of the ITAA 1936. | Detailed Reasoning - Additional information: If a taxpayer has income in a financial year which is only partially exempt, there is a requirement to apportion the income. Salary and wages which are not exempt foreign earnings should be declared as normal at salary and wages when lodging. Foreign earnings exempt under section 23AG of the ITAA 1936 need to be included as exempt foreign salary and wage income in an individual's tax return. These amounts are taken into account in calculating the tax payable on other income derived by a taxpayer. This method of calculation referred to as exemption with progression prevents the exempt income from reducing the Australian tax payable on the other income. It is advisable to include a note with lodgement, explaining the method of calculation and reference any applicable private rulings for the periods.