Private ruling: FBT - work-related items exempt benefit
Date of advice: 17 December 2024
Published: 28 January 2025
Ruling period: 1 April 20XX
Date scheme commenced: 1 April 20XX - 31 March 20XX

Ruling: Q1: Will the provision of one set of active noise reduction (ANR) headsets per FBT year by the employer to its employees be an exempt benefit under section 58X of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 (FBTAA)? | A1: Yes. The provision of one set of ANR headsets per FBT year to its employees is an exempt benefit under section 58X of the FBTAA.

Relevant facts and circumstances: The employer is proposing to extend its salary sacrifice program to allow its employees to salary sacrifice one set of ANR headsets per FBT year. Only approved headsets by the employer can be used in their specific work environment. A participating employee will be provided with one set of ANR headsets per FBT year. In the interim during an FBT year, where an existing set of ANR headsets requires replacement, for example when lost or destroyed, the employee will be supplied with another set of approved headsets, as wearing the headsets is a requirement for their work. A set of ANR headsets • operates as a complete unit; • can be operated by battery power without an external power supply; • is small, light in weight and can be handheld; • is for use away from an office environment; • will be predominately used for work related purposes.

Relevant legislative provisions: Fringe Benefit Tax Assessment Act 1986 section 20 | Fringe Benefit Tax Assessment Act 1986 section 40 | Fringe Benefit Tax Assessment Act 1986 section 45 | Fringe Benefit Tax Assessment Act 1986 section 58X

Reasons for decision: Summary: Section 58X of the FBTAA provides an exemption for benefits relating to the provision of certain work-related items. Subsection 58X(1) of the FBTAA states that the following: Any of the following benefits provided by an employer to an employee of the employer in respect of the employee's employment is an exempt benefit: (a) an expense payment benefit where the recipients expenditure is in respect of an eligible work-related item; (b) a property benefit where the recipients property is an eligible work-related item; (c) a residual benefit where the recipients benefit consists of the making available of an eligible work-related item. Subsection 58X(2) of the FBTAA includes a list of items that, if provided primarily for use in an employee's employment, will be 'eligible work-related items'. However, section 58X of the FBTAA states that there are circumstances where the exemption does not apply. Specifically, subsection 58X(3) and 58X(4) mention that: Subsection 58X(3) An item (the later item) listed in subsection (2) is not an eligible work-related item if, earlier in the FBT year, an expense payment benefit or a property benefit of the employee has arisen in relation to another item that has substantially identical functions to the later item. Subsection 58X(4) However, subsection (3) does not apply if: (a) the later item is a replacement for the other item; or (b) the later item is a portable electronic device, and the employer is a small business entity, or is an employer covered by subsection (5), for: a. the year of income starting most recently after the start of the FBT year; or b. the year of income ending most recently after the start of the FBT year. Example: For paragraph (a), the later item would be a replacement for the other item if the other item were lost or destroyed or needed replacing because of developments in technology. In summary, there are four conditions that must be met for the provision of the ANR headsets by the employer to be an exempt benefit under section 58X of the FBTAA: 1. The benefit provided must be an expense payment benefit, property benefit or residual benefit. 2. The benefit provided must be in respect of an eligible work-related item. 3. The item provided must not be a substantially identical item to an earlier one provided in the same FBT year. 4. If the item is substantially identical, it must be a replacement item, or the employer is a small business entity. Each of these conditions is considered further below. | Detailed Reasoning - Is the provision of the ANR headsets an expense payment benefit, property benefit or residual benefit?: Subsection 136(1) of the FBTAA defines a residual benefit to mean a benefit that is a residual benefit by virtue of section 45. Section 45 of the FBTAA states that a benefit is a residual benefit for the purposes of the FBTAA if the benefit is not a benefit by virtue of a provision of Subdivision A of Divisions 2 to 11 (inclusive). In basic terms, a residual benefit is a benefit that does not fall within one of the other more specific benefit types contained in the FBTAA. Division 5 and 11 are relevant to this ruling and are discussed below. The other divisions are not relevant to the arrangement subject to this ruling. Division 5 of the FBTAA applies to expense payment benefits. Section 20 of the FBTAA states that: Where a person (in this section referred to as the provider): (a) makes a payment in discharge, in whole or in part, of an obligation of another person (in this section referred to as the recipient) to pay an amount to a third person in respect of expenditure incurred by the recipient; or (b) reimburses another person (in this section also referred to as the recipient), in whole or in part, in respect of an amount of expenditure incurred by the recipient; the making of the payment referred to in paragraph (a), or the reimbursement referred to in paragraph (b), shall be taken to constitute the provision of a benefit by the provider to the recipient. Applying the above to the facts, there is no payment made nor was there a reimbursement made for an expenditure incurred by the employee. Therefore, there cannot be an expense payment benefit provided. Division 11 applies to property benefits. Section 40 of the FBTAA states that: Where, at a particular time, a person (in this section referred to as the provider) provides property to another person (in this section referred to as the recipient), the provision of the property shall be taken to constitute a benefit provided by the provider to the recipient at that time. The definition of 'provide' in subsection 136(1) of the FBTAA is (a) in relation to a benefit - includes allow, confer, give, grant or perform; and (b) in relation to property - means dispose of (whether by sale, gift, declaration of trust or otherwise); (i) if the property is a beneficial interest in property but does not include legal ownership - the beneficial interest; or (ii) in any other case - the legal owner of the property. With application to the facts, the employer is providing an employee with one set of ANR headsets. This would be a property benefit as the employer (the provider) is giving their employee (the recipient) a set of ANR headsets. Therefore, the provision of the ANR headsets to the employees would be a property benefit and would not be considered an expense payment benefit or residual benefit (by virtue of being a property benefit). | Detailed Reasoning - Has an eligible work-related item been provided to the employee?: Subsection 58X(2) of the FBTAA lists the following as eligible work-related items if the item is primarily used in the employee's employment: • a portable electronic device; • an item of computer software; • an item of protective clothing; • a briefcase; • a tool of trade. Although, the term "portable electronic device" is not defined in FBTAA, ATO ID 2008/133 provides guidance on what is considered a "portable electronic device" as follows: "... the primary characteristics of 'a portable electronic device' for the purposes of this provision would be that the device is: • easily portable and designed for use away from an office environment • small and light • can operate without an external power supply, and • designed as a complete unit. A device has these characteristics would be 'a portable electronic device' for the purposes of paragraph 58X(2)(a) of the FBTAA. Accordingly, as the ANR headsets can operate on their own battery power source, are small and light, easily portable and designed as a complete unit for use away from an office environment, it would be a portable electronic device under paragraph 58X(2)(a) of the FBTAA. Correspondingly, the ANR headsets would be an eligible work-related item as it is primarily used for work and is a portable electronic device. | Detailed Reasoning - Will the headsets provided be substantially identical to a former item provided in the same year?: As per the facts, the employer does not generally provide employees more than one set of ANR headsets per FBT year. The only scenario where this occurs is when a replacement set is required. This would mean that subsection 58X(3) would apply as an identical set of headsets may be provided in the same FBT year. This set of headsets would be a substantially identical item and be excluded as an eligible work-related item by subsection 58X(3). However, if subsection 58X(4) applies, the provision of the replacement item will still be considered an eligible work-related item. | Detailed Reasoning - Where the above scenario occurs, will the provision of the headsets still be exempt?: As previously stated, subsection 58X(4) states that subsection 58X(3) does not apply where the following conditions are met: • the later item is a replacement for the other item; or • the later item is a portable electronic device, and the employer is a small business entity, or is an employer covered by subsection (5). Subsection 58X(4) provides an example of a replacement item as follows: "... the later item would be a replacement for the other item if the other item were lost or destroyed or needed replacing because of developments in technology". The provision of another set of headsets will be a replacement item where one set provided earlier in the FBT year is lost or destroyed. | Detailed Reasoning - Will the provision of the ANR headset be exempt under section 58X of the FBTAA?: As outlined earlier, the employer: • provides a property benefit by giving their employees a set of ANR headsets. • provides a portable electronic device (the set of ANR headsets) that is primarily used for the employee's work. In addition, as outlined in the facts provided, the employer: • generally, does not provide more than one set of ANR headsets per FBT year. • only provides more than one set of headsets per FBT year when a replacement set is required. Therefore, the provision of the ANR headsets will be an exempt benefit under section 58X of the FBTAA as all conditions have been met.