Private ruling: Residency of Australia for taxation purposes
Date of advice: 16 June 2023
Published: 7 August 2023
Ruling period: Year ending 30 June 20XX | Year ending 30 June 20XX | Year ending 30 June 20XX | Year ending 30 June 20XX
Date scheme commenced: 1 July 20XX

Ruling: Q1: Are you a resident of Australia for taxation purposes? | A1: No.

Relevant facts and circumstances: You were born in Country Z. You are a citizen of Country Z. You are not a permanent resident of any other country. You arrived in Australia several years ago with your spouse and children. You and your spouse lived off savings and earning money through trading the stock market In Australia. Your spouse was offered a position with a bank in Country Z for a few years. You and your spouse decided to return to Country Z. Your children will remain in Australia as they are at University. You left Australia to return to Country Z to live. You and your spouse have purchased a home in Country Z. You returned to Australia to visit your children and pack up the final items at the family home. Your family home in Australia is owned by you as your spouse transferred it to you. You intend on renting the property out. You will return to Australia on occasions to visit your children and check on the rental property. In addition to the family home, you have cash and shares in Australia. You and your spouse have a trust in Australia. You will take over the stock portfolio in the trust and will oversee the long-term performance of the stocks. The income will be distributed to you for your efforts. You also trade in your own name and will continue to operate as a share trader under your own ABN in addition to the trust. All trading will be done online from your residence in Country Z. You will not be working in a Country Z job or earning Country Z income. Your taxable income will be generated solely from share trading in both Australia and Country Y, and the rental income from the Australian property. You will be a resident of Country Z for taxation purposes. You have not maintained any social or sporting connections in Australia. You are involved with a club in Country Z. You intend on notifying your bank that you are a non-resident. You have not cancelled your health insurance in Australia as it covers your children as well. Neither you nor your spouse are eligible to contribute to the PSS or the CSS super funds.

Relevant legislative provisions: Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 subsection 6(1)

Reasons for decision: Summary: For tax purposes, whether you are a resident of Australia is defined by subsection 6(1) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (ITAA 1936). The definition has four tests to determine your residency for income tax purposes. These tests are: • the resides test • the domicile test • the 183-day test, and • the Commonwealth superannuation fund test. It is sufficient for you to be a resident under one of these tests to be a resident for tax purposes. Our interpretation of the law in respect of residency is set out in Taxation Ruling 2023/1 Income tax: residency tests for individuals. | Detailed Reasoning - The resides test: The resides test is the primary test of tax residency for an individual. If you reside in Australia according to the ordinary meaning of the word resides, you are considered an Australian resident for tax purposes. Some of the factors that can be used to determine whether you reside in Australia include: • period of physical presence in Australia • intention or purpose of presence • behaviour while in Australia • family and business/employment ties • maintenance and location of assets • social and living arrangements. No single factor is decisive, and the weight given to each factor depends on your specific circumstances. Where an individual does not reside in Australia according to ordinary concepts, they will still be an Australian resident if they meet the conditions of one of the other tests. | Detailed Reasoning - The domicile test: Under the domicile test, if your domicile is in Australia, you are a resident of Australia unless the Commissioner is satisfied that your permanent place of abode is outside Australia. Whether your domicile is Australia is determined by the Domicile Act 1982 and the common law rules on domicile. For example, you may have a domicile by origin (where you were born) or by choice (where you have changed your home with the intent of making it permanent). Whether your permanent place of abode is outside Australia is a question of fact to be determined in light of all the facts and circumstances of each case. Key considerations in determining whether you have your permanent place of abode outside Australia are: • whether you have definitely abandoned, in a permanent way, living in Australia • length of overseas stay • nature of accommodation, and • durability of association | Detailed Reasoning - The 183-day test: Under the 183-day test, if you are present in Australia for 183 days or more during the income year, you will be a resident, unless the Commissioner is satisfied that both: • your usual place of abode is outside Australia, and • you do not intend to take up residence in Australia. The question of usual place of abode is a question of fact and generally means the abode customarily or commonly used by you when are physically in a country. | Detailed Reasoning - The Commonwealth superannuation test: An individual is a resident of Australia if they are either a member of the superannuation scheme established by deed under the Superannuation Act 1990 or an eligible employee for the purposes of the Superannuation Act 1976 , or they are the spouse, or the child under 16, of such a person. Application to your circumstances We have considered each of the statutory tests listed above in relation to your particular facts and circumstances. We conclude that, for the relevant period you are not a resident of Australia as follows. Taking into account your individual circumstances, we have concluded that you are not a resident of Australia according to ordinary concepts. We also consider that your domicile is not in Australia We considered the following factors in forming our conclusion: • you have gone to Country Z with your spouse • your spouse has a position with a bank in Country Z • you and your spouse have purchased a home in Country Z • you will rent out your home in Australia • you will return for short visits to see your children and check on the rental property • you will be a resident of Country Z for taxation purposes You were not in Australia for more than 183 days in the relevant income year and you will not be in Australia for more than 183 days in the following income years. You do not fulfil the requirements of the Commonwealth Superannuation test and are therefore not a resident under this test. You will not be a resident of Australia for taxation purposes for the relevant period.