ATO ID 2001/595: Excise: Liability to pay an amount equal to the excise duty on excisable goods stolen from the premises of a licensed excise manufacturer or a licensed storage place.
Date of decision: 23 August 2001
Business line: Indirect Tax

Issue
Whether an excise licensee has a liability to pay an amount equal to the amount of duty ordinarily payable on underbond excisable goods (i.e., goods on which duty has not been paid) which have been stolen from their licensed premises.

Decision
An excise licensee has a liability to pay an amount equal to the amount of duty payable on underbond excisable goods stolen from their premises.

Facts
The goods are excisable and are subject to the control of Excise. The goods are stored at the premises of an excise licensee. The excise licensee is a licensed excise manufacturer or a proprietor of a licensed storage place. No excise duty has been paid on the goods as the goods are yet to be "entered and delivered into home consumption". The goods were stolen from the premises of a licensed manufacturer or from a licensed storage place.

Reasons for decision
Summary: Section 5 of the Excise Tariff Act 1921 imposes the duties of excise on the goods, which are described in the Schedule to the Act. Subsection 4 (1) of the Excise Act 1901 defines 'CEO', 'Collector' and 'excisable goods'. Parts III and IV of the Excise Act require a manufacturer of excisable goods, and a proprietor of a place for the storage of excisable goods on which excise duty has not been paid, to be licensed. Excisable goods stored at a manufacturer's premises or at a licensed storage place are under the control of Excise until delivered for home consumption or for exportation, which ever occurs first (subsection 61 (1) Excise Act). The manufacturer or the owner of excisable goods must pay the excise duty which is imposed by the Excise Tariff Act when the goods are entered for home consumption (section 54 Excise Act). No goods may be removed from a manufacturer's premises or licensed storage place without permission. Even in circumstances where an excise licensee has taken reasonable precautions (such as secure premises with monitored burglar alarm) to keep excisable goods safe, a liability will arise under paragraph 60 (1) (a) Excise Act. An excise licensee will incur a liability to pay an amount equal to the amount of duty payable on the stolen underbond excisable goods vide paragraph 60 (1) (a) Excise Act, which states: '(1) Where a person (including a manufacturer) who has, or has been entrusted with, the possession, custody or control of excisable goods which are subject to the CEO's control: (a) fails to keep those goods safely; or (b) when so requested by a Collector, does not account for those goods to the satisfaction of a Collector; Further, Taylor J in the Southern Shipping Case (at 296) said: 'That is to say, that whilst he is in possession of the goods it is his responsibility alone to ensure the goods do not irregularly find their way into home consumption. It is in this sense that he is bound to keep the goods safely and to account for them. That being so he may escape liability if he is still in possession of the goods or if he can account for them by showing that they did not pass into home consumption from his hands.'

Legislative references: Excise Tariff Act 1921 Section 5 The Schedule
Case references: Collector of Customs (N.S.W) v. Southern Shipping Co. Ltd (1962) 107 CLR 279
Subject references: Excise duty Excisable goods Excise manufacturer Storage place