context: Chances are about even that Brian is yellow. It is probably the case that Greg is white. There is a better than even chance that Mary put down the apple.
hypothesis: It is probably not the case that greg is white, and Brian is yellow.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that greg is white, and Brian is yellow.
invalid_hypothesis: It is certain that greg is white, and Brian is yellow.
hypothesis_assertion: Greg is white, and Brian is yellow.