context: It is highly likely that John dropped the apple. Chances are slight that Bill left the milk. There is a better than even chance that Julius is a lion.
hypothesis: There is a very good chance that either Bill left the milk, or John dropped the apple.
valid_hypothesis: There is a very good chance that either Bill left the milk, or John dropped the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: It is impossible that either Bill left the milk, or John dropped the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Either Bill left the milk, or John dropped the apple.