context: It is highly unlikely that Bill moved to the office. There is a very good chance that Mary left the apple. Chances are slight that Lily is a lion. It is improbable that if Lily is a lion, or Mary left the apple, then John took the football. There is little chance that if Bill moved to the office, and Mary left the apple, then Gertrude is a mouse. There is a better than even chance that if Lily is a lion, or Mary left the apple, then Bernhard is gray.
hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that john took the football, and Bernhard is gray.
valid_hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that john took the football, and Bernhard is gray.
invalid_hypothesis: There is a better than even chance that john took the football, and Bernhard is gray.
hypothesis_assertion: John took the football, and Bernhard is gray.