Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Christopher knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Timothy can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Betty's card is shown to Manuel. Betty's card is shown to Jose. Manuel's card is shown to Betty. Jose's card is shown to Betty. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Betty does not know whether Betty picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Manuel knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Manuel can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Inez's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (1|2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2))

Hypothesis: Crystal can now know that Inez can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Wanda knows whether Robert's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 4) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that Wanda can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Marjorie does not know whether Marjorie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carl can now know whether David can know whether Marjorie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Annie's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Patricia does not know whether Patricia's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Annie can now know whether Sylvester can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Judie does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Angela can now know whether Judie can know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Matthew can now know that Bonnie can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Scott knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Scott does not know whether Scott's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Maria knows whether Maria's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ronald can now know whether Maria can know that Maria's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dennis does not know whether Dennis's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Louis's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rochelle knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Louis can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Monica's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Jennifer does not know whether Jennifer's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

Hypothesis: Donald can now know whether Monica can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kimberly is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Maureen does not know whether Jim is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] Agentd knows whether (Agenta knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Maureen can now know whether Jim can know that Maureen is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lester knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Christopher knows whether Charles's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carmen can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tiffany does not know whether Tiffany's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Tiffany can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Susan knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Harold knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jennifer's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! 2 ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Kenneth can now know that Sheldon can know that Sheldon's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Brooke's card is shown to Brooke. Clara's card is shown to Brooke. Ronald's card is shown to Clara. Brooke's card is shown to Ronald. Ronald's card is shown to Ronald. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Ronald does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Clara can now know that Ronald can know that Brooke picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bart knows whether Randy's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Randy knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bart can now know whether Randy can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Carol does not know whether Jordan is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Andrew does not know whether Mary is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know that Carol is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joanna knows whether Mary's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bradley can now know that Joanna can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Paul knows whether Deborah's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Harley can now know whether Paul's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Joan's card is shown to Joan. Emily's card is shown to Ethel. Leslie's card is shown to Leslie. Ethel's card is shown to Emily. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows whether (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Emily can now know whether Joan can know that Ethel picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Marcella's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Paul can now know that Jessica can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that William knows whether Mable is thirsty. It is publicly announced that William knows whether Mable is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mable knows whether William is thirsty. It is publicly announced that William knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mable can now know whether William can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Leon's card is shown to Teresia. Leon's card is shown to Robert. Robert's card is shown to Leon. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Teresia can now know whether Teresia picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (1|2))

Hypothesis: Victoria can now know that Robert can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Philip does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! 3 ] (Agentb knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Dewayne can now know whether Philip's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Elmer's card is shown to Elmer. Elmer's card is shown to Mattie. Robert's card is shown to Mattie. Mattie's card is shown to Robert. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mattie does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that Mattie picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joyce's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 2 ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Helen can now know that Joyce can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kenneth knows whether Angela's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Angela can now know whether Kenneth can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joyce does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that John knows whether John's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joyce can now know whether Vicky can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Wesley is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Wesley does not know whether Tony is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Wesley knows whether Wesley is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lana can now know whether Lana is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Florence is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Florence knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Florence can now know whether Daisy can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Catherine knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bobby can now know that Bobby's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jeannine does not know whether Linda is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Linda can now know that Jeannine can know that Jeannine is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Janeth does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Janet can now know that Jerry can know that Janeth's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Wanda's card is shown to Lyle. Lyle's card is shown to Wanda. Maria's card is shown to Maria. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Maria knows whether Maria picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Maria can now know whether Maria picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joan does not know whether Joan's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Charlotte's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! 1 ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Charlotte can now know that Joan can know whether Charlotte's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Chris does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Chris knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Chris can now know that Chris's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Steve knows whether Steve is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Steve can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Roy knows whether Roy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Roy can now know that Mary can know that Mary's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dennis's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Herbert knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentc knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Dennis can now know that Herbert's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sidney knows whether Brenda's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sidney can now know whether Brenda can know that Brenda's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Irene's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Irene's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! 3 ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: David can now know that Joseph can know whether David's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Patricia's card is shown to Anna. Anna's card is shown to David. Anna's card is shown to Patricia. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Anna knows whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Steven does not know whether David picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Steven can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sylvia knows whether Mary's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Mary can now know whether Rita can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Roy knows whether Edith is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Edith knows whether Edith is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Roy can now know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Norman's card is shown to Norman. Jeffrey's card is shown to Norman. Edith's card is shown to Edith. Jeffrey's card is shown to Edwin. Norman's card is shown to Jeffrey. Edith's card is shown to Jeffrey. Jeffrey's card is shown to Jeffrey. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:4 Agentd:1,2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:4 Agentd:1,2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jeffrey can now know whether Edwin can know whether Edith picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jose does not know whether Jeffery is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jose does not know whether Rose is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Rose is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! 4 ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! 4 ] 0

Hypothesis: Jose can now know whether Deborah can know that Jeffery is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Cynthia can now know that Cheryl can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Melody knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Austin's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(3) ] (Agenta knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Janice can now know that Austin's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Addie knows whether Phyllis is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Addie can now know that Phyllis is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dana knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Paul can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Douglas does not know whether Martha is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Douglas knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dewey can now know whether Douglas is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Sharon's card is shown to Sharon. Winston's card is shown to Sharon. Winston's card is shown to Winston. Meredith's card is shown to Meredith. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Meredith can now know whether Winston can know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Nathaniel's card is shown to Henry. Vernon's card is shown to Vernon. Henry's card is shown to Carol. Henry's card is shown to Nathaniel. Vernon's card is shown to Nathaniel. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 Agentd:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 Agentd:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nathaniel can now know that Carol can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Sally can now know whether Elsie can know that Elsie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). William's card is shown to William. Joe's card is shown to William. Sara's card is shown to Jeremiah. William's card is shown to Joe. Jeremiah's card is shown to Sara. Joe's card is shown to Sara. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:4 Agentc:1 Agentd:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:4 Agentc:1 Agentd:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jeremiah can now know whether William can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rachel knows whether Migdalia's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Rachel can now know that Migdalia's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dorothy does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dawn knows whether Dorothy is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dawn does not know whether Sharon is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentd knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dorothy can now know whether Sharon can know whether Dorothy is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Angela does not know whether Angela's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Fernando's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! 4 ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! 4 ] 0

Hypothesis: Angela can now know that Fernando can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dianna does not know whether James is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know that Dianna can know whether James is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Paul's card is shown to Paul. Jorge's card is shown to Paul. Tommy's card is shown to Jorge. Paul's card is shown to Tommy. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:3 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Jorge can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Cathleen's card is shown to Phillip. Phillip's card is shown to Cathleen. Charles's card is shown to Cathleen. Charles's card is shown to Charles. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Charles does not know whether Phillip picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Charles can now know that Cathleen can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Ike's card is shown to Laurie. Linda's card is shown to Charles. Ike's card is shown to Ike. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Laurie can now know that Charles can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jimmie does not know whether Mary is thirsty. It is publicly announced that John is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! 1 ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know whether John can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Roberto's card is shown to Roberto. John's card is shown to Roberto. John's card is shown to John. Roberto's card is shown to Evelyn. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Margaret knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Steven can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kevin's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: James can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Teresa's card is shown to Teresa. Karen's card is shown to Teresa. Mary's card is shown to Teresa. Teresa's card is shown to Karen. Karen's card is shown to Karen. Linda's card is shown to Karen. Mary's card is shown to Karen. Teresa's card is shown to Linda. Mary's card is shown to Linda. Teresa's card is shown to Mary. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mary does not know whether Karen picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mary does not know whether Linda picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Teresa does not know whether Linda picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,4 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,4 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Karen can now know that Teresa can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Stacy knows whether Stacy's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Salina knows whether Salina's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Jesus can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Stephanie knows whether Stephanie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Maria can now know that Corey can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Raymond knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Myrtle's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: Myrtle can now know that Betty's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Yvette's card is shown to Yvette. Jessica's card is shown to Yvette. Faye's card is shown to Yvette. Faye's card is shown to Jessica. Yvette's card is shown to Faye. Yvette's card is shown to Luis. Jessica's card is shown to Luis. Faye's card is shown to Luis. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Yvette knows whether Jessica picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jessica can now know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Stephany can now know whether Patricia can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sandra knows whether Mark's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] (Agentb knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know whether Mark's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Shawn does not know whether Trina is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Trina does not know whether Dorothy is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Trina can now know that William is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Cheryl's card is shown to Cheryl. Robert's card is shown to Cheryl. Mathew's card is shown to Mathew. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Cheryl can now know that Cheryl picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Frank does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows whether (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether Aurora can know that Sharon is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Margaret does not know whether Ruby is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ruby can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Terri does not know whether Terri's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Timothy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! 4 ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Mary can now know whether Cheryl can know whether Mary's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ruth does not know whether Neil is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] (Agentb knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Luther can now know whether Ruth is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Alma knows whether Alma's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Ashley can now know that Alma can know whether Ashley's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Alane's card is shown to Alane. Janice's card is shown to Alane. Alane's card is shown to Janice. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Janice does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Janice picked a black card. It is publicly announced that Janice knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Alane can now know that Alane picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mark knows whether Doreen's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Earnest knows whether Doreen's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether Mark can know whether Mark's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joyce's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lori knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joyce knows whether Lori's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Thomas can now know whether Joyce's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Maria's card is shown to Maria. Joseph's card is shown to Maria. Maria's card is shown to Joseph. Louis's card is shown to Joseph. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Louis can now know whether Maria can know that Maria picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Clifton is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that Clifton can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marjorie does not know whether Mary is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Leonard can now know whether Mary can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Timothy does not know whether Timothy's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Charles knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Charles does not know whether Charles's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bobby knows whether Timothy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Timothy can now know that Bobby's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). James's card is shown to James. James's card is shown to Larry. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Larry knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jennifer knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Martin can now know whether Martin's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Frances is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Frances knows whether or not nobody is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Frances does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Roberta can now know whether Roberta is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Kristin's card is shown to Kristin. Kristin's card is shown to Don. Kristin's card is shown to Bernice. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Bernice does not know whether Don picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Don can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lawrence knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Harvey does not know whether Gudrun is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gudrun can now know that Harvey can know whether Lawrence is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sidney's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 3 ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 3 ] 0

Hypothesis: Sidney can now know whether Dorothy can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Amy can now know that Lance's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Vicky knows whether Mark's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Vicky's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Vanessa can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: James can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jose's card is shown to Pauline. Cindi's card is shown to Pauline. Pauline's card is shown to Jose. Cindi's card is shown to Jose. Pauline's card is shown to Cindi. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Pauline can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Wayne's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Michelle can now know whether Barbara can know that Barbara's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Brandie's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Harry does not know whether Harry's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brandie can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Don's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Marlyn can now know whether Raymond can know that Don's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Cheryl can now know that Dorothy can know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jessie's card is shown to Jessie. Jessie's card is shown to Louis. Louis's card is shown to Louis. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jessie does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jessie can now know whether Louis can know that Louis picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Brenda's card is shown to Lynn. Michael's card is shown to Michael. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Michael picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Lynn picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Lynn can now know whether Lynn picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Russell does not know whether Lesley is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alicia is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jason can now know whether Russell can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jennifer can now know that Maynard can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Terry's card is shown to Joshua. Mary's card is shown to Joshua. Terry's card is shown to Steve. Steve's card is shown to Steve. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Terry knows whether or not nobody picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] (Agenta knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Joshua can now know that Mary picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joseph knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joseph can now know whether Linda's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentc knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Thomas can now know whether Bessie can know that Paul's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Buck's card is shown to Buck. Margaret's card is shown to Buck. Margaret's card is shown to Margaret. Buck's card is shown to Darryl. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Margaret can now know that Buck picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Lyle can now know whether Thomas can know that Thomas's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: James can now know that Lorraine can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Augusta's card is shown to Augusta. Yolanda's card is shown to Augusta. Edgardo's card is shown to Pedro. Yolanda's card is shown to Yolanda. Yolanda's card is shown to Edgardo. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Pedro can now know whether Yolanda can know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kelly does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kelly can now know that Terry can know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Francisco does not know whether Timothy is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Francisco can now know that Timothy can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Brian's card is shown to Walter. Brian's card is shown to Brian. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Walter does not know whether Walter picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Walter can now know that Walter picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Elizabeth knows whether Elizabeth's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Pamela can now know that Tracy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Devon does not know whether Devon's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Brandi knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] (Agentd knows that (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Shirley can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Andrew's card is shown to Andrew. Kristine's card is shown to Andrew. Gilbert's card is shown to Andrew. Andrew's card is shown to Gilbert. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Andrew can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Beverly does not know whether Roberto is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Pauline does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Pauline can now know that Roberto can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Donnell knows whether Donnell's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Donnell can now know that Joseph can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Heather does not know whether Julio is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Douglas does not know whether Heather is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Heather can now know that Douglas can know whether Douglas is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Diane does not know whether Diane's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joseph knows whether Joseph's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joseph knows whether Joseph's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Travis can now know that Joseph can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jeffry knows whether Phyllis's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jorge can now know whether Phyllis can know that Jeffry's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jenny knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tara's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(1) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jenny can now know that Tara's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ricardo knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ricardo can now know whether Hector can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: William can now know that William's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Larry does not know whether Jennie is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jennie does not know whether Larry is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Larry does not know whether Jennie is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentd knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jon can now know whether Bruce can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Sherman's card is shown to Sherman. Sherman's card is shown to Deborah. Deborah's card is shown to Deborah. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Sherman does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sherman can now know that Deborah can know whether Sherman picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Danny is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] 0

Hypothesis: Lien can now know that Julienne can know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Anna does not know whether Anna's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Anna knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bryan can now know that Reynaldo can know whether Reynaldo's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Issac's card is shown to Lorena. Clara's card is shown to Lorena. Andria's card is shown to Lorena. Issac's card is shown to Issac. Issac's card is shown to Clara. Clara's card is shown to Clara. Clara's card is shown to Andria. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:2,3 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentd knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:2,3 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Andria can now know that Lorena picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Coral's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] (Agentb knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Alice can now know that Alice's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Fred knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Fred can now know whether Maria can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that William knows whether Brian's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Brian does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: William can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Donna's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Donna can now know that Raymon can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Bruce does not know whether Brenda is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Constance can now know that Dolores can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kelly's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Douglas's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Douglas can now know whether Angla can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that William knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that William does not know whether William's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that William knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: George can now know that Mike's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Allison does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Allison can now know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Douglas can now know that Joseph can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Audrey can now know whether Matthew can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Linda does not know whether Lula is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Linda can now know that Robert can know that Lula is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Corey is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Arleen can now know whether Corey can know that Corey is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Hallie does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Norma knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Hallie can now know that Norma can know whether Robert's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that William does not know whether William's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Darla's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! 2 ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Darla can now know that William can know whether William's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Wayne does not know whether Elizabeth is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Elizabeth can now know that Sandra can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gary knows whether Gary is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gary can now know whether Jessica is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Donna can now know that Lisa can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Anthony's card is shown to Anthony. Anthony's card is shown to Raymond. Anthony's card is shown to James. Joe's card is shown to James. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Anthony knows whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Raymond knows whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Raymond can now know whether Raymond picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Melissa's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Willie can now know whether Lucas can know whether Melissa's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Mark can now know whether Katerine's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Deborah does not know whether Felicia is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Deborah does not know whether Kenneth is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Felicia knows whether Felicia is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Felicia can now know whether Kenneth can know that Kenneth is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). David's card is shown to David. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that David knows whether or not nobody picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: David can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dawn knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentd knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: David can now know whether Nichole can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Angela knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows that 4)

Hypothesis: David can now know that Patricia can know that David's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that David's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Leonard knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: David can now know whether Tyrone can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that David's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that David knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Stephanie can now know whether Dwayne can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Sheryl can now know that Bill can know whether Brandon's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether Nelda is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Nelda does not know whether James is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nelda can now know whether James can know whether Catherine is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Melissa can now know whether Tyrone can know whether Tyrone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Andre's card is shown to Andre. Andre's card is shown to Dirk. Dirk's card is shown to Dirk. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2)))

Hypothesis: Dirk can now know whether Andre can know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Anthony knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Anthony can now know whether Mary's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kristina does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Donna knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lisa does not know whether Donna is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Donna can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Anthony knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Andrew can now know whether Anthony is thirsty.