Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Bridgette can now know whether Timothy can know whether Lori's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Steven knows whether Jewell's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jewell can now know whether Steven can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Silas's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Silas's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: Cynthia can now know whether Haydee can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jeremy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! 3 ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: Shirley can now know whether Jeremy can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ken knows whether Lonnie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Matthew can now know that Lonnie can know whether Lonnie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Karen's card is shown to Karen. Lee's card is shown to Karen. Karen's card is shown to Rita. Rita's card is shown to Rita. Jaclyn's card is shown to Jaclyn. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lee can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joshua knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Melba can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Patricia is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Patricia does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Patricia does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Leon does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Patricia can now know whether Patricia is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Karla's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Bill can now know that John can know whether John's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Sharon does not know whether Patsy is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1&2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1&2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sharon can now know whether Patsy can know that Sharon is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gordon does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Victor knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Victor can now know that Gordon can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that David knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Isabel knows whether David's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 2) ] (Agentd knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Isabel can now know that George's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Otha's card is shown to Otha. Jacqueline's card is shown to Lori. Ginger's card is shown to Lori. Otha's card is shown to Jacqueline. Otha's card is shown to Ginger. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Ginger does not know whether Ginger picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jacqueline knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3,4 Agentc:1 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentd knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3,4 Agentc:1 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ginger can now know whether Jacqueline picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gina's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Yvonne can now know that Carol can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Carole does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Carole does not know whether Bertha is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Maria can now know whether Bertha can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Margaret's card is shown to Wade. Margaret's card is shown to Shirley. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Margaret knows whether Margaret picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Wade can now know whether Margaret can know whether Shirley picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Karen knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Karen can now know that Patricia can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Susan knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Susan can now know whether Meredith can know whether Meredith's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Wendy's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Angelique can now know that Justina can know that Sean's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Tanja's card is shown to Christine. Christine's card is shown to Tanja. Rosa's card is shown to Tanja. Rosa's card is shown to Rosa. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Rosa does not know whether Christine picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Rosa can now know whether Christine can know whether Rosa picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Christopher's card is shown to Christopher. Ashley's card is shown to Christopher. Alexander's card is shown to Alexander. Robert's card is shown to Alexander. Alexander's card is shown to Ashley. Ashley's card is shown to Robert. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentd knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether Christopher picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Matt is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Wayne can now know that Matt can know whether Matt is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ruby does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Carol does not know whether Cathryn is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ruby can now know that Carol can know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Harold's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael does not know whether Michael's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Patty can now know whether Harold can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jamie's card is shown to Jamie. Jamie's card is shown to Jane. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jamie does not know whether Jane picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nora can now know that Jamie can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Theresa does not know whether Theresa's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Theresa knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Theresa can now know whether Pearl can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Douglas knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentb knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Douglas can now know whether Grover can know whether Jerry's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Annie can now know that Annie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dennis does not know whether Dennis's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gary can now know that Dennis's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). John's card is shown to John. Carmen's card is shown to John. Michael's card is shown to John. Carmen's card is shown to Rick. Carmen's card is shown to Carmen. Carmen's card is shown to Michael. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether Rick picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3,4 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3,4 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know whether Carmen can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Cindy can now know whether Abel can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Gloria's card is shown to Gloria. James's card is shown to Gloria. Teresa's card is shown to Teresa. James's card is shown to James. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether Gloria picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know whether Gloria can know whether James picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Xiomara's card is shown to Sharon. Richard's card is shown to Sharon. Sharon's card is shown to Richard. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Xiomara does not know whether Kathy picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Xiomara can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sandra knows whether Jerry's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jerry can now know whether Sandra can know whether Sandra's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). William's card is shown to Charles. Charles's card is shown to Mildred. Mildred's card is shown to Mildred. Rita's card is shown to Mildred. William's card is shown to Mildred. Mildred's card is shown to Rita. William's card is shown to William. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Charles can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Irene is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christy is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! 4 ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! 4 ] 0

Hypothesis: Linda can now know whether Irene can know that Irene is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Ronnie's card is shown to Ronnie. Edward's card is shown to Ronnie. Ronnie's card is shown to Edward. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Ronnie knows whether Ronnie picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Edward does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Edward does not know whether Edward picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Edward can now know that Ronnie can know whether Edward picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Louis knows whether Louis is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 4) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentc knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Louis can now know whether Kevin can know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Nora does not know whether Kristen is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Nora can now know that Quentin can know whether Quentin is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: John can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kathleen knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Linda can now know that Kathleen can know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Theresia's card is shown to Carolyn. Carolyn's card is shown to Julie. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Theresia can now know that Carolyn can know whether Julie picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Karen knows whether Laura's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Krystal knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Krystal can now know whether Phillip can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Echo knows whether Echo's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 4) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Echo can now know that Dolores can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). John's card is shown to Roger. Russell's card is shown to Roger. Roger's card is shown to John. John's card is shown to John. Roger's card is shown to Russell. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Russell knows whether Russell picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: John can now know whether John picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Twila's card is shown to Twila. Harry's card is shown to Twila. Harry's card is shown to Harry. Twila's card is shown to Matthew. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Harry does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Twila can now know that Twila picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Issac does not know whether Issac's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Issac can now know whether Tiffany can know that Tiffany's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Carlene knows whether Bennie's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Carlene knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bennie can now know whether Carlene can know that Carlene's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Herman knows whether Felix's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kenneth's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 1) ] [ ! 3 ] (Agentd knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Herman can now know whether Kenneth's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jack does not know whether Jack's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christina can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Donald does not know whether Davida is thirsty. It is publicly announced that David does not know whether Donald is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Donald does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Davida can now know that Caterina can know whether David is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Virgil's card is shown to Lauren. Virgil's card is shown to Theodore. Lauren's card is shown to Clara. Clara's card is shown to Clara. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lauren can now know that Virgil can know whether Clara picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gayla does not know whether Gayla's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robert does not know whether Robert's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Roy knows whether Joshua's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Catherine can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Evan's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Evan can now know whether Samantha can know whether Dorothy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Millie does not know whether Millie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Michele can now know that Angela can know that Millie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Derek's card is shown to Derek. Ronald's card is shown to Derek. Ronald's card is shown to Ronald. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Ronald picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Ronald does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Derek can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Julie can now know that James can know that James's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that John's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Lisette can now know whether John can know whether John's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Russell's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Russell can now know that Vincent's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joseph's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] (Agenta knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Roberta can now know that Rubie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Christopher does not know whether Christopher's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know that Howard can know whether Brandon's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Catharine's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

Hypothesis: Catharine can now know whether Michael can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). William's card is shown to William. William's card is shown to Michael. William's card is shown to Kristina. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Michael can now know that Michael picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). John's card is shown to Mike. John's card is shown to John. Linda's card is shown to John. John's card is shown to Linda. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3,4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3,4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know whether Mike picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Kenneth's card is shown to Kenneth. Carl's card is shown to Kenneth. Carl's card is shown to Carl. Michael's card is shown to Carl. Kenneth's card is shown to Michael. Carl's card is shown to Michael. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Michael knows whether Carl picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carl can now know that Carl picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

Hypothesis: Kraig can now know whether Kelly can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: Leroy can now know whether Matthew can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Connie's card is shown to Tamar. John's card is shown to Tamar. Connie's card is shown to Connie. Tamar's card is shown to John. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Tamar does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Tamar can now know whether John can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Susan's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Susan's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: Sharla can now know that Susan can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jesse's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Charles can now know that Jesse can know that Charles's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jimmy knows whether Sue's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sue knows whether Jimmy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jimmy can now know that Sue can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Justin's card is shown to Robin. Mark's card is shown to Robin. Mark's card is shown to Melanie. Robin's card is shown to Mark. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Robin does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:4 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:4 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Melanie can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Hans knows whether Hans's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agentd knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Thomas can now know that Rebecca's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Willie's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Katherine's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Luana does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Willie can now know that Luana can know whether Jacob's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Sharon does not know whether Michael is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Michael can now know that Sharon can know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Esther's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Christina can now know whether Esther can know whether Esther's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Matthew knows whether James's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know whether Reginald can know whether Matthew's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Anthony does not know whether Kathleen is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kathleen does not know whether Anthony is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Anthony is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Terri does not know whether Kathleen is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Shirley can now know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Sarina knows whether or not nobody is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Sarina does not know whether Hortencia is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Pam does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Sarina does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Pam can now know whether Hortencia can know that Sarina is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Diana does not know whether Christal is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Diana does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Diana does not know whether Christal is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christal knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christal can now know whether Diana can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Shirley does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know that Marian can know whether Marian's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Oscar's card is shown to Andrew. Mildred's card is shown to Oscar. Andrew's card is shown to Mildred. Oscar's card is shown to Mildred. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Oscar knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Oscar does not know whether Andrew picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Andrew can now know that Andrew picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Natasha knows whether Natasha's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Curtis can now know whether Steven can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Damon's card is shown to Terrance. Terrance's card is shown to Damon. Stacy's card is shown to Robert. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Terrance can now know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Josephine's card is shown to Josephine. Josephine's card is shown to Stacy. Jonathan's card is shown to John. John's card is shown to John. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Stacy can now know whether Jonathan can know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dexter does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentd knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Barbara can now know whether Ellyn can know that Barbara is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Davis's card is shown to Sharon. Walter's card is shown to Sharon. Sharon's card is shown to Davis. Davis's card is shown to Davis. Sharon's card is shown to Donald. Walter's card is shown to Donald. Sharon's card is shown to Walter. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:1,4 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentd knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:1,4 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Davis can now know whether Walter can know whether Davis picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Martha's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Harry knows whether Jaime's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Harry can now know that Martha can know whether Martha's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Frances knows whether Sally's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sally knows whether Susan's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Frances's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Frances can now know whether Susan can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Amy is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Amy is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Irene does not know whether Anya is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Steven can now know that Amy can know that Anya is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Paul knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Travis's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: Fred can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Margret does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that John knows whether John is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Margret can now know whether Margret is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kristen does not know whether Kristen's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sherry can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Janet's card is shown to Janet. Janet's card is shown to James. James's card is shown to Stephanie. Ilse's card is shown to Stephanie. Ilse's card is shown to Ilse. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that James knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Stephanie picked a black card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:2,4 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:2,4 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Janet can now know whether Stephanie can know that Janet picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Emmett knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Elizabeth knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Elizabeth can now know whether Elizabeth's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Diane is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] 0

Hypothesis: Scott can now know that Diane can know that Mary is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gregory does not know whether Tyler is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gregory knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gregory can now know that Tyler can know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lloyd knows whether William's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lloyd knows whether Lloyd's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lloyd can now know that William can know whether Lloyd's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carol can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether Phyllis is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Guadalupe does not know whether Teresa is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Phyllis can now know that Teresa can know whether Guadalupe is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Douglas is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! 4 ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! 4 ] 0

Hypothesis: Douglas can now know that Monroe is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Heather does not know whether Heather's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brenda can now know that Sharon can know whether Sharon's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Mary's card is shown to Mary. Mary's card is shown to Abigail. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Thomas is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Thomas does not know whether Nelly is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Thomas can now know that Nelly can know whether Nelly is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dorothy knows whether Javier's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Javier's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! 2 ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Javier can now know that Dorothy can know that Dorothy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Harry's card is shown to Harry. Mary's card is shown to Harry. Harry's card is shown to Mary. Harry's card is shown to Jeffrey. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jeffrey does not know whether Jeffrey picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mary does not know whether Mary picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jeffrey can now know whether Harry picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Robert's card is shown to Joann. Joann's card is shown to Maria. Maria's card is shown to Maria. Maria's card is shown to Robert. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Maria can now know whether Joann can know that Joann picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Patty's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Eric can now know that Patty can know that Patty's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Raymond's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Raymond knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Hannah can now know that Sean can know whether Hannah's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Ellen's card is shown to Ellen. Ellen's card is shown to Roy. Betty's card is shown to Roy. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Betty can now know that Ellen picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Faye knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Marcus can now know whether Faye can know whether Carl's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Sandra does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: James can now know that Elsie can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Erica can now know that Bernard can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Pamela knows whether Norma's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Norma can now know that Jessica can know that Caterina's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Raymond's card is shown to Daniell. Stephen's card is shown to Daniell. Stephen's card is shown to Raymond. Daniell's card is shown to Stephen. Stephen's card is shown to Stephen. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Daniell does not know whether Daniell picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Raymond does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Stephen picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Raymond does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Stephen can now know whether Daniell can know whether Raymond picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Omega knows whether Omega is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Aaron can now know whether Omega can know that Aaron is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alexander does not know whether Clarence is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alexander does not know whether Clarence is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alexander does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ann can now know whether Rebecca is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether Robert is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dallas can now know that Robert is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether James's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know that James's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marjorie knows whether Marjorie is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marjorie knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agentc knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Marjorie can now know that Marjorie is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Brian does not know whether Brian's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Brian does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Harold can now know whether Karey can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kenneth is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kenneth is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Preston does not know whether Olga is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Daniel can now know that Preston can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Theresa knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Susan's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Susan can now know that Beverly's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Charles's card is shown to Charles. David's card is shown to Charles. Daniel's card is shown to Charles. Daniel's card is shown to David. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Charles can now know that David can know that Daniel picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Annette's card is shown to Glen. Maurice's card is shown to Annette. Maurice's card is shown to Maurice. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Maurice knows whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Annette does not know whether Glen picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Glen can now know whether Maurice can know that Glen picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Eugene does not know whether Gregg is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eugene can now know that Elizabeth can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: George can now know that Michael can know whether Michael's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that William is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ruben does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: William can now know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Louis does not know whether Lucia is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lucia does not know whether Louis is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Louis can now know that Charles can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that John's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 3 ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Gene can now know that Frances can know that Gene's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tammy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! 2 ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Walter can now know whether Tammy can know whether Tammy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lewis's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Vincent can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether Mary's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentd knows that (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Libby can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Phillip's card is shown to Phillip. Stephanie's card is shown to Stephanie. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Stephanie does not know whether Phillip picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Phillip can now know whether Stephanie can know whether Phillip picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Richard's card is shown to Jessica. Constance's card is shown to Jessica. Richard's card is shown to Richard. Constance's card is shown to Richard. Jessica's card is shown to Constance. Richard's card is shown to Daniel. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jessica does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:1 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Richard can now know whether Constance can know whether Daniel picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether Mark can know whether Michael's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Amada knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Clinton's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Eric does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Eric's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: Eric can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ann knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Thomas does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentb knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Thomas can now know whether Ann can know whether Nicki is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Thomas does not know whether Bob is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Edward can now know that Robert can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Adriana knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows that (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Michael can now know that Adriana can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Heather does not know whether Alan is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Heather can now know that Destiny can know that Destiny is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Anita knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Deborah can now know whether Donald can know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Charles's card is shown to Charles. Charles's card is shown to David. Peter's card is shown to David. Charles's card is shown to Richard. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Charles does not know whether Peter picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Richard knows whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Charles does not know whether David picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,4 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,4 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: David can now know that Charles can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Eugene does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Vernon does not know whether Sandra is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sandra can now know whether Eugene can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Enriqueta does not know whether Walter is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Enriqueta does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Enriqueta does not know whether Nelson is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Walter does not know whether Nelson is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nelson can now know that Walter can know that Nelson is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tanisha knows whether Juan's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Juan can now know whether Anthony can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Debra knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Debra can now know that Birdie can know that Birdie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: Dean can now know that David can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joseph's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: David can now know that Freddie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). James's card is shown to James. Freda's card is shown to Freda. Richard's card is shown to Freda. Freda's card is shown to Richard. Freda's card is shown to Jesse. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether Freda picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Freda picked a black card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:2 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:2 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jesse can now know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sheila's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Sheila can now know that Jerry can know that Sheila's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Dena's card is shown to Patrick. Renee's card is shown to Renee. Dena's card is shown to Dena. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether John picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know that Patrick picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Gwendolyn's card is shown to Jon. Robert's card is shown to Robert. Gwendolyn's card is shown to Robert. Gwendolyn's card is shown to Gwendolyn. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gwendolyn can now know whether Robert can know that Jon picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Brian does not know whether Betty is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brian can now know whether Bertha can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Lisa's card is shown to Philip. Cherrie's card is shown to Philip. Anthony's card is shown to Lisa. Philip's card is shown to Cherrie. Cherrie's card is shown to Anthony. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:4 Agentc:1 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:4 Agentc:1 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Cherrie can now know whether Lisa can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Wendy can now know that Jeannette can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Donn's card is shown to Donn. Donn's card is shown to Avis. Donn's card is shown to Frances. Frances's card is shown to Frances. Freddy's card is shown to Frances. Frances's card is shown to Freddy. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,3,4 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,3,4 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Avis can now know whether Donn picked a red card.