Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Anthony knows whether Timothy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Anthony can now know that Christine can know whether Gina's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Tonya can now know that Susan can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Irene's card is shown to Irene. Elizabeth's card is shown to Irene. Elizabeth's card is shown to Rhonda. Irene's card is shown to Elizabeth. Jean's card is shown to Elizabeth. Jean's card is shown to Jean. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,4 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,4 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Elizabeth can now know whether Elizabeth picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Ruben's card is shown to Jason. Leo's card is shown to Ruben. Leo's card is shown to Leo. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jason can now know that Leo can know that Jason picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Robert's card is shown to Peter. Roy's card is shown to Kevin. Kevin's card is shown to Robert. Robert's card is shown to Robert. Roy's card is shown to Robert. Kevin's card is shown to Roy. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:4 Agentc:2,3,4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:4 Agentc:2,3,4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Peter can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Susan does not know whether Guadalupe is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Leona can now know whether Susan can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Norma does not know whether Keith is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Norma can now know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas does not know whether Thomas's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Daniel does not know whether Daniel's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Megan can now know that Thomas can know that Laura's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Ella's card is shown to Brenda. Karen's card is shown to Brenda. Brenda's card is shown to Jose. Ella's card is shown to Jose. Karen's card is shown to Jose. Brenda's card is shown to Ella. Brenda's card is shown to Karen. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ella can now know whether Karen picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Geneva's card is shown to Geneva. Kerrie's card is shown to Kerrie. Helen's card is shown to Kerrie. Helen's card is shown to Helen. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kerrie can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gwendolyn knows whether Toby's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carry can now know whether Alan can know that Toby's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Craig can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rhonda's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Margaret knows whether Samuel's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ellan knows whether Margaret's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Rhonda can now know that Margaret can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Edward's card is shown to Newton. Eli's card is shown to Eli. Edward's card is shown to Eli. Newton's card is shown to Edward. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] (Agenta knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Newton can now know that Edward picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Alice's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: Debra can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Berry does not know whether Ethel is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Eileen does not know whether Ethel is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] (Agentd knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eileen can now know that Ethel is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Michael's card is shown to Michael. Kenneth's card is shown to Michael. Kenneth's card is shown to Sheila. Sheila's card is shown to Sheila. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Kenneth does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Michael can now know that Kenneth can know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Victoria's card is shown to Victoria. Mark's card is shown to Mark. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Victoria can now know whether Benjamin can know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether Carl is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Guadalupe knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Martha does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentd knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know whether Martha can know that Guadalupe is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dan does not know whether Dan's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Cody can now know whether Matthew can know whether Dan's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Bobby can now know that Edith can know that Kenneth's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether Genevieve is thirsty. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether Mike is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mike can now know that Genevieve can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Buddy knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Michelle can now know that Buddy is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Violet's card is shown to Sharon. Sharon's card is shown to Judy. Violet's card is shown to Judy. Judy's card is shown to Violet. Violet's card is shown to Violet. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Judy knows whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Judy knows whether Violet picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Judy knows whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Judy can now know whether Sharon can know that Sharon picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Therese's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know whether Marcene can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Tracy's card is shown to Tracy. Matthew's card is shown to Tracy. Keith's card is shown to Tracy. Marsha's card is shown to Matthew. Marsha's card is shown to Keith. Keith's card is shown to Keith. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,4 Agentb:3 Agentc:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,4 Agentb:3 Agentc:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Matthew can now know that Tracy picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Randy's card is shown to Richard. Richard's card is shown to Randy. Richard's card is shown to Gene. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Randy can now know whether Richard can know that Gene picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert does not know whether Timothy is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] (Agentd knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mark can now know whether Raymond is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Andrew knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Belinda knows whether Stella's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Andrew can now know that Stella can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Barbara does not know whether Louis is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Louis can now know whether Clara can know that Clara is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Timothy can now know whether Timothy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Michael can now know whether William can know that Louise's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alejandro does not know whether Terrence is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Nathan knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Terrence can now know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jessie's card is shown to Jessie. Jessie's card is shown to Bridget. Ervin's card is shown to Bridget. Ervin's card is shown to Andrew. Andrew's card is shown to Ervin. Ervin's card is shown to Ervin. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,4 Agentc:4 Agentd:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,4 Agentc:4 Agentd:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Andrew can now know whether Jessie can know that Andrew picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Pennie's card is shown to Pennie. Matt's card is shown to Matt. Jennifer's card is shown to Jennifer. Pennie's card is shown to Ebony. Jennifer's card is shown to Ebony. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ebony can now know that Jennifer can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Amanda can now know that Martha can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jeremy knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jeremy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! 1 ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Jeremy can now know that Barbara can know that Barbara's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Melissa's card is shown to Ryan. Michael's card is shown to Michael. Ryan's card is shown to Melissa. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Melissa can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Wilma knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Wilma does not know whether Wilma's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Wilma can now know that Christy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rachel knows whether May's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

Hypothesis: May can now know that Debra's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether Trudi is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Doris does not know whether John is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: David can now know whether Doris can know that John is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jimmy's card is shown to Sara. Rhonda's card is shown to Sara. Rhonda's card is shown to Jimmy. Rhonda's card is shown to Star. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Star does not know whether Sara picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 Agentb:4 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 Agentb:4 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sara can now know that Star can know whether Sara picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Kevin's card is shown to Byron. Kevin's card is shown to Kevin. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Byron does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kevin can now know that Byron can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

Hypothesis: Johnny can now know whether Autumn can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Alice's card is shown to Alice. Alice's card is shown to Eugene. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Eugene knows whether or not nobody picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eugene can now know that Eugene picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Micaela does not know whether Emily is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Micaela knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Emily can now know that Micaela can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Christine's card is shown to Roxanne. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Christine can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Maurice does not know whether Mitchell is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Marcy can now know whether Maurice can know that Marcy is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tammy knows whether Tammy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Joseph can now know that Bradley can know that Tammy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Norma's card is shown to Norma. David's card is shown to David. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Norma picked a black card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Wanda can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Kathy can now know whether Valencia can know whether Ruth's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Leigh's card is shown to Leigh. Leigh's card is shown to Chelsea. Chelsea's card is shown to Chelsea. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Chelsea knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Chelsea knows whether Leigh picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Chelsea can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tom does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tom knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Tom can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Yvonne does not know whether Lillian is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alan does not know whether Lillian is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alan knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lillian can now know whether Yvonne can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bradley can now know that Robert can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Teresa does not know whether Michael is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Michael knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Teresa can now know that Michael can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Billie does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Willie can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Leonard knows whether Joel's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joel can now know that Hazel can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Mary's card is shown to Lloyd. Mary's card is shown to Christopher. Christopher's card is shown to Christopher. Eric's card is shown to Christopher. Lloyd's card is shown to Eric. Eric's card is shown to Eric. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Christopher picked a black card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know that Lloyd can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Letha is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Devin can now know that Letha can know that Letha is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Arturo knows whether Ronald's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Malika's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! 3 ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! 3 ] 0

Hypothesis: Malika can now know whether Arturo can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Jerry can now know whether Helen's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kim knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kim knows whether Henry's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kim knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Henry can now know that Kim can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Richard's card is shown to Mary. Michael's card is shown to Richard. Mary's card is shown to Michael. Richard's card is shown to Michael. Michael's card is shown to Michael. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Richard knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Richard can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Patrice's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 1 ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Greg can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Julia's card is shown to Julia. Lyndsey's card is shown to Julia. Julia's card is shown to Denise. Michael's card is shown to Michael. Denise's card is shown to Lyndsey. Michael's card is shown to Lyndsey. Lyndsey's card is shown to Lyndsey. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:1 Agentc:3 Agentd:2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:1 Agentc:3 Agentd:2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lyndsey can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lucille knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ann can now know that Lucille can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Jordan knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Mireya can now know that Jordan can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Patricia's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Patricia's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Amy's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Linda can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Carol's card is shown to Jennifer. Ronald's card is shown to Jennifer. Jennifer's card is shown to Linda. Jennifer's card is shown to Ronald. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jennifer can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Kimberly's card is shown to Mi. Mi's card is shown to Virginia. Virginia's card is shown to Kimberly. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mi can now know whether Virginia can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that William knows whether William's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tarah knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Roger knows whether William's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: William can now know that Agustin can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Walter's card is shown to Kevin. Kevin's card is shown to Ana. Ana's card is shown to Ana. Ana's card is shown to Walter. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Walter can now know that Kevin can know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas knows whether Philip's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Thomas can now know that Philip can know that Philip's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). James's card is shown to Demetrius. Demetrius's card is shown to Demetrius. Leroy's card is shown to Demetrius. Leroy's card is shown to Leroy. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Demetrius can now know whether James can know whether Demetrius picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Jason can now know that Carla can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jesse's card is shown to Jesse. Katie's card is shown to Frank. Jesse's card is shown to Katie. Katie's card is shown to Katie. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jesse can now know whether Jesse picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Derrick does not know whether Cynthia is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Margaret is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! 3 ] Agentd knows whether (Agentc knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! 3 ] 0

Hypothesis: Joseph can now know whether Margaret can know whether Joseph is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Andrew's card is shown to Heath. Kristopher's card is shown to Andrew. Heath's card is shown to Kristopher. Andrew's card is shown to Kristopher. Kristopher's card is shown to Kristopher. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Andrew knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2|3))

Hypothesis: Andrew can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jane knows whether Victoria's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jane knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Victoria can now know whether Jane can know that Victoria's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Frank knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Frank knows whether Frank's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Frank can now know that Chris can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jasmin knows whether Jasmin's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Stephen can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Avril's card is shown to Sandra. David's card is shown to Sandra. Marie's card is shown to Sandra. Sandra's card is shown to David. David's card is shown to David. David's card is shown to Marie. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: David can now know whether David picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas knows whether Mary's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether Mary's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know that Thomas can know that Mary's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Audrey's card is shown to Judy. Audrey's card is shown to Audrey. Robert's card is shown to Audrey. Judy's card is shown to Robert. Robert's card is shown to Robert. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether Judy picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Judy can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jose does not know whether Jose's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jill can now know that Thomas's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Reba can now know that Antonio's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Dennis can now know whether Judith can know that Dennis's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Margie does not know whether Scott is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Andrea can now know whether Margie can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Seymour knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Seymour does not know whether Seymour's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Janice can now know that Steven's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bridget does not know whether Bridget's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kelly can now know whether Bridget can know that Bridget's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Joe's card is shown to Joe. Joe's card is shown to Joseph. Joseph's card is shown to Joseph. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Grant can now know whether Joe can know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Pearly knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Trevor can now know whether Trevor's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Lakisha can now know that Marjorie can know that Lakisha's forehead is muddy.


VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

Hypothesis: Theresa can now know that Ramon can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Mitchell's card is shown to Mitchell. Bruce's card is shown to Mitchell. Edward's card is shown to George. Bruce's card is shown to Edward. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Edward can now know that George can know that George picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dorothy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Kimberly can now know whether Dorothy can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Carol knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tamika's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: James can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Randall does not know whether Arianne is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Randall can now know whether Michael can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jason's card is shown to Sharon. Sharon's card is shown to Roy. Sharon's card is shown to Jason. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Sharon knows whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Sylvia does not know whether Roy picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sharon can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Wilber knows whether Angela's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Wilber can now know that Niki can know that Wilber's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gloria is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marilyn does not know whether Marianne is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marilyn does not know whether Evelyn is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gloria can now know that Marianne can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Delbert does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Clara does not know whether Daisy is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Clara does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Delbert does not know whether Daisy is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Daisy can now know that Clara is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mike is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mike can now know whether Jodi can know whether Mike is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that David knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Elizabeth knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Elizabeth can now know that David can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jim knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kimberly's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kimberly can now know that Jim can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that William knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (1|2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: William can now know whether Craig can know that William's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Luana does not know whether Luana's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Luana can now know whether Lizzie can know that Luana's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Catherine knows whether Patricia's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Priscilla can now know that Patricia can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Henry knows whether Henry's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Henry can now know that Stephanie can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Todd's card is shown to Todd. Wendy's card is shown to Todd. Todd's card is shown to Wendy. Wendy's card is shown to Wendy. Michael's card is shown to Wendy. Wendy's card is shown to Michael. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2,3,4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2,3,4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Todd can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Keith knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Betty knows whether Betty's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Keith knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Keith can now know that Betty's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Sara is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that James is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! 4 ] (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! 4 ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that Joseph is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Deborah can now know whether Robert can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Douglas knows whether Raelene's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Antonio's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 1) ] [ ! 3 ] (Agentd knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Douglas can now know that Raelene's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: William can now know whether Latasha can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Marylou knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Effie can now know whether David can know whether Effie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Brian's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Heather knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Rose can now know that Heather can know that Heather's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Alicia's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Samuel knows whether Gustavo's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gustavo can now know whether Samuel can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nichole knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nichole can now know that Lazaro's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Rosa's card is shown to Debra. Debra's card is shown to Rosa. Rosa's card is shown to Rosa. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Rosa can now know that Debra can know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Oscar can now know that Roxanne can know that Roxanne's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). David's card is shown to David. David's card is shown to Robert. Robert's card is shown to Robert. Robert's card is shown to Mary. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Mary can now know whether Robert can know that Mary picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Jim can now know whether Jim's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

Hypothesis: Sergio can now know whether Stephen can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joel knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joel can now know that Albert can know that Joel's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Wayne does not know whether Frank is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Frank does not know whether Brian is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Wayne can now know whether Wayne is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Corina is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Corina knows whether Corina is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Corina does not know whether Ruth is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jacob can now know whether Ruth can know whether Ruth is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Vivian's card is shown to Vivian. Vivian's card is shown to Claire. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Claire does not know whether Claire picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Vivian does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Claire can now know whether Vivian can know whether Claire picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Robert's card is shown to Robert. Sharon's card is shown to Robert. Robert's card is shown to Sharon. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Sharon does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sharon can now know whether Robert can know whether Robert picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Barbara's card is shown to Bryan. Frank's card is shown to Garth. Frank's card is shown to Frank. Frank's card is shown to Barbara. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bryan can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jonathan does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jonathan does not know whether Brittany is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentd knows whether (Agenta knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Daniel can now know whether Jonathan can know that Daniel is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Geoffrey knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Geoffrey knows whether Geoffrey's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Grant's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Karla knows whether Grant's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentd knows whether (Agenta knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know whether Grant can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Denise's card is shown to Denise. Scott's card is shown to Denise. Ray's card is shown to Denise. Rose's card is shown to Ray. Ray's card is shown to Rose. Rose's card is shown to Rose. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:4 Agentc:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:4 Agentc:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Denise can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Susan's card is shown to Albert. Vicky's card is shown to Albert. Maxine's card is shown to Albert. Albert's card is shown to Vicky. Maxine's card is shown to Vicky. Albert's card is shown to Maxine. Maxine's card is shown to Maxine. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Vicky knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Albert knows whether Susan picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Vicky knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Vicky picked a black card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,4 Agentc:1,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,4 Agentc:1,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Albert can now know whether Vicky can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether Russell's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know that Russell can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Angela's card is shown to Sherry. Sherry's card is shown to Angela. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Sherry does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Angela knows whether Angela picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sherry can now know that Angela can know that Angela picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Susan's card is shown to Susan. David's card is shown to Susan. Susan's card is shown to David. David's card is shown to David. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that David knows whether someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that David knows whether or not nobody picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: David can now know that Susan can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Marjorie's card is shown to Dora. Brian's card is shown to Dora. Dora's card is shown to Brian. Brian's card is shown to Brian. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Marjorie can now know whether Dora can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Lula's card is shown to Lula. Lula's card is shown to Blanca. Donna's card is shown to Donna. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Lula knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Lula does not know whether Donna picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Blanca can now know whether Donna can know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Candace knows whether Candace's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Candace can now know that Candace's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Teresa knows whether Teresa's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentd knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Susan can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Chuck is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] 0

Hypothesis: Kimberly can now know whether Edward can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alexandra does not know whether Mark is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mark knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Alexandra can now know whether Alexandra is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Katherine's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Maryann can now know whether Ann can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Larue's card is shown to Larue. Larue's card is shown to Roberta. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Larue does not know whether Roberta picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Larue knows whether or not nobody picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Larue can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Robert's card is shown to Robert. Joseph's card is shown to Robert. Joseph's card is shown to Joseph. Janet's card is shown to Janet. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joseph can now know that Robert can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sabra does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Sabra can now know whether Rafael can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Margaret's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jeremy does not know whether Jeremy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Margaret can now know whether Margaret's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Clara knows whether Clara's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Clara can now know whether Myra can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Roger does not know whether Francisco is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Roger knows whether or not nobody is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Roger does not know whether Joanna is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Roger does not know whether Joanna is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Roger can now know that Joanna is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Karon can now know that Flora can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lonnie's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Lonnie can now know that Wanda can know that Lonnie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Mary's card is shown to Roger. Randall's card is shown to Randall. Roger's card is shown to Mary. Mary's card is shown to Mary. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether Roger picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Randall does not know whether Roger picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lessie does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentb knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lessie can now know whether Carlota's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Kent's card is shown to Felisa. George's card is shown to Felisa. Felisa's card is shown to Kent. George's card is shown to George. Earnest's card is shown to George. Earnest's card is shown to Earnest. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Earnest does not know whether Kent picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Felisa knows whether George picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1 Agentc:3,4 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentd knows whether (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1 Agentc:3,4 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Earnest can now know whether Felisa can know that George picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Bruce's card is shown to Bruce. Bruce's card is shown to Mitchel. Frank's card is shown to Frank. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Bruce knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Bruce does not know whether Frank picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: Frank can now know whether Bruce can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lillie does not know whether Lillie's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Donna does not know whether Donna's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Donna can now know that Lillie can know that Edward's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sheila knows whether Edwina's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] (Agentd knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Cathy can now know whether Sheila's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Amber's card is shown to Sandra. Katherine's card is shown to Amber. Katherine's card is shown to Benjamin. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Katherine knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Amber picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Amber can now know that nobody picked a red card.