Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether Josephine's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that Stanley can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that John is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know that Jolynn can know whether Jolynn is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Charles knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Charles can now know whether Ruby can know that Charles's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Verona's card is shown to Jamie. Jamie's card is shown to Verona. Jamie's card is shown to Allison. Verona's card is shown to Allison. Allison's card is shown to Allison. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Allison knows whether Verona picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Allison can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Estelle's card is shown to Timothy. Patricia's card is shown to Matthew. Matthew's card is shown to Estelle. Estelle's card is shown to Estelle. Patricia's card is shown to Estelle. Matthew's card is shown to Patricia. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:4 Agentc:2,3,4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:4 Agentc:2,3,4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Estelle can now know whether Timothy picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mildred knows whether Patrice's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Barbara does not know whether Barbara's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Patrice knows whether Patrice's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Patrice can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that George does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that David does not know whether Nancy is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nancy can now know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Paul does not know whether Cory is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Harley can now know whether Cory can know whether Paul is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Lisa's card is shown to Justin. Justin's card is shown to Josefa. Richard's card is shown to Lisa. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Justin can now know that Justin picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mary is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Douglas does not know whether Peter is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Peter knows whether Peter is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Peter can now know whether Mary can know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robert's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

Hypothesis: John can now know that Robert can know that Rene's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marcus knows whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dewitt is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! 1 ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Marcus can now know whether Dewitt is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jane is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(1) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know that Allison is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). John's card is shown to Paula. Paula's card is shown to Theresa. Theresa's card is shown to Theresa. Theresa's card is shown to John. Theresa's card is shown to April. John's card is shown to April. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:2 Agentd:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows whether (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:2 Agentd:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: April can now know whether Paula can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Daniel does not know whether Christine is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Daniel does not know whether Christine is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Daniel can now know whether Christine can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentd knows that (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Ryan can now know whether Maria can know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). William's card is shown to Shari. Shari's card is shown to John. Fred's card is shown to John. William's card is shown to John. Shari's card is shown to Fred. Fred's card is shown to Fred. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Fred can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jaclyn knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sara's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! 3 ] (Agentc knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Sara can now know whether Jackie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Virginia's card is shown to Virginia. Melvin's card is shown to Virginia. Melvin's card is shown to Melvin. Oscar's card is shown to Melvin. Christopher's card is shown to Oscar. Oscar's card is shown to Oscar. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know whether Oscar picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Jami can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jennifer's card is shown to Lee. Lee's card is shown to Ashli. Ashli's card is shown to Ashli. Lee's card is shown to Frederick. Ashli's card is shown to Frederick. Lee's card is shown to Jennifer. Jennifer's card is shown to Jennifer. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Ashli picked a black card. It is publicly announced that Ashli does not know whether Jennifer picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:1,2 Agentd:1,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Lee can now know that Frederick can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sylvester knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sylvester can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gail's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(2) ] (Agentc knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Michael can now know whether Lee's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentc knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Louis can now know whether Virgil can know whether Virgil's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Betty knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Betty knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Betty knows whether Betty's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eva can now know that Eva's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lisa does not know whether Lisa's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lisa does not know whether Lisa's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Alvin can now know whether Alvin's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Graciela's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jordan knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Graciela can now know whether Jordan can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Alexandria's card is shown to Joyce. Joyce's card is shown to Marina. Alexandria's card is shown to Marina. Marina's card is shown to Rosa. Joyce's card is shown to Alexandria. Rosa's card is shown to Alexandria. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Alexandria does not know whether Alexandria picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Joyce knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Rosa picked a black card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Rosa can now know that Alexandria can know that Alexandria picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Bruce's card is shown to Jeffrey. Luis's card is shown to Jeffrey. Jeffrey's card is shown to Bruce. Bruce's card is shown to Bruce. Luis's card is shown to Luis. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Bruce knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jeffrey can now know whether Bruce picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carol can now know that Mary can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Pablo can now know that Monique can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Danielle's card is shown to Danielle. John's card is shown to Barbara. Danielle's card is shown to John. Barbara's card is shown to John. John's card is shown to John. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Barbara picked a black card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Barbara can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Theresa does not know whether Theresa's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lisa can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] (Agenta knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Tracy can now know that Emma's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lillie does not know whether Samuel is thirsty. It is publicly announced that William does not know whether Samuel is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: William can now know that Lillie can know that Samuel is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Helen's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Sherry can now know that Lyle can know whether Sue's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Douglas knows whether Elizabeth's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Russell can now know that Douglas can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jill knows whether Mary's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Peggy's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(2) ] (Agentd knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Mary can now know whether Jill's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Brenda can now know that Evelyn can know that Evelyn's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Bruno does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Heather knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Michael does not know whether Heather is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Michael does not know whether John is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Heather can now know that John can know whether John is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Guillermo's card is shown to Guillermo. Marie's card is shown to Marie. Guillermo's card is shown to David. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that David picked a black card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Marie can now know that David can know that David picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Hattie knows whether Robert's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that David can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Joan's card is shown to Jessica. Robert's card is shown to Jessica. Michael's card is shown to Michael. Jessica's card is shown to Joan. Michael's card is shown to Joan. Jessica's card is shown to Robert. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Joan does not know whether Joan picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Joan does not know whether Joan picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:1,2 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:1,2 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether Michael can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jeanette knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jeanette can now know that Hazel can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: John can now know whether Buffy can know whether John's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Diane knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Judith's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Diane's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! ~(4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Stacey can now know that Diane can know whether Diane's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Timothy's card is shown to Horace. Horace's card is shown to Timothy. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Timothy picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Horace can now know whether Timothy can know whether Timothy picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tracie knows whether Joanne's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Cortney can now know that Tracie can know whether Joanne's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Peggy is thirsty. It is publicly announced that David is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Shelly does not know whether Charlotte is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Peggy does not know whether Shelly is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Charlotte can now know that Peggy can know that Peggy is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Raymond knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joan can now know that Raymond can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3))

Hypothesis: Jerome can now know whether Scott can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Vincent's card is shown to Ginger. Kathleen's card is shown to Ginger. Kathleen's card is shown to Kathleen. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Vincent can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Sara can now know that Gerald can know whether Gerald's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Simone can now know that Robert can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Josie knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Toby's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Toby can now know that Josie can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Hypothesis: Shantelle can now know that Lucy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Noelle knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ralph's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! 4 ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Lance can now know that Lana can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Pauline does not know whether James is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Steven does not know whether James is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Pauline can now know that Pauline is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Paula's card is shown to Ann. George's card is shown to Ann. George's card is shown to Paula. George's card is shown to George. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Paula does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that George does not know whether Paula picked a red card. It is publicly announced that George does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: George can now know that Ann picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Susan's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Susan can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Fred knows whether Florence's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lakesha does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lakesha can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Pamela's card is shown to Mitchell. Mitchell's card is shown to Pamela. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mitchell does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mitchell can now know whether Richard can know that Mitchell picked a red card.


VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Richard can now know that Robert can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Clinton can now know that Michael can know that Clinton's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Arleen's card is shown to Mary. Louis's card is shown to Arleen. Arleen's card is shown to Arleen. Kenneth's card is shown to Arleen. Kenneth's card is shown to Kenneth. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Kenneth picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Louis knows whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Arleen can now know that Mary can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Carol knows whether Carol's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jason can now know whether Raymond can know whether Carol's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Linda does not know whether Shirley is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Shirley is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Cynthia can now know whether Cynthia is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lydia does not know whether Todd is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Daniel does not know whether Todd is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agentb knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Daniel can now know that Layne is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Eva's card is shown to Joseph. Joseph's card is shown to Eva. Joseph's card is shown to Araceli. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eva can now know that Joseph can know that nobody picked a red card.


Hypothesis: James can now know that Israel's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jimmie is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Julissa is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jimmie does not know whether Leonard is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gladys can now know that Jimmie can know whether Leonard is thirsty.


Hypothesis: Matthew can now know that Matthew's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether Rebecca is thirsty. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether Lillian is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Rebecca does not know whether Lillian is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Margaret can now know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Georgia does not know whether Sean is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentd knows whether (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mildred can now know whether Georgia can know whether Georgia is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Walter can now know whether James can know that Caprice is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Brianna's card is shown to Brianna. Marian's card is shown to Jonah. Jonah's card is shown to Marian. Marian's card is shown to Marian. Brianna's card is shown to Joshua. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Joshua knows whether Brianna picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 Agentc:2,3 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 1) ] (Agentd knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 Agentc:2,3 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joshua can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Shannon knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Arthur's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! 2 ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Shannon can now know that Arthur can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Christopher knows whether Christopher's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Keith knows whether Christopher's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know whether Christopher's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jerry knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jerry can now know whether Cindy can know that Cindy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rene knows whether Carlton's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Rene can now know whether Carlton can know that Rene's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Juanita does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Alejandro knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Valerie can now know that Juanita's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows that 4)

Hypothesis: James can now know that Elizabeth can know that Elizabeth's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Michael's card is shown to Michael. Michael's card is shown to Margaret. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Margaret does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Margaret can now know whether Margaret picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Michael can now know whether Terese can know that Terese's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: John can now know that William can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Grady's card is shown to Grady. Frank's card is shown to Robert. Eloise's card is shown to Frank. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:4 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:4 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether Grady picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jose knows whether Brian is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brian can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Gilberto can now know that Robert can know that Gilberto's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lydia does not know whether David is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Phyllis does not know whether Lydia is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lydia can now know that David can know whether David is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ora knows whether Ann's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] (Agentc knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Ora can now know that Ann's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Clara knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Clara can now know whether Clara's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Carla knows whether Henry's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carla can now know that Henry can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Dale's card is shown to Dale. Michael's card is shown to Michael. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Michael does not know whether Dale picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Dale knows whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Michael can now know that Dale can know that Michael picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether Jill is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jill does not know whether Bobby is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agentd knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Greg can now know whether John is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dorthea knows whether Dorthea's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Molly knows whether Carrie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Martha can now know that Carrie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Sanjuanita does not know whether Mary is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sanjuanita can now know whether Frances is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Marsha knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Marsha knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Lela can now know that Marsha can know that Marsha's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Kristie's card is shown to Katherine. Anna's card is shown to Anna. Dwayne's card is shown to Anna. Kristie's card is shown to Dwayne. Anna's card is shown to Kristie. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Katherine can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jeremy does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Valene knows whether Jeremy is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Elaine can now know that Kevin can know that Elaine is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Randy does not know whether Joanna is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Randy knows whether Randy is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Randy can now know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sarah's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Alfred can now know that Boyd can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Barry's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: Barry can now know that Peggy can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentd knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Joanne can now know whether Ramon can know that Ramon is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Emil knows whether Christina is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Emil can now know that Christina can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Darlene's card is shown to Darlene. Thomas's card is shown to Thomas. Thomas's card is shown to Michael. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Darlene picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Andre can now know whether Thomas can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Herman's card is shown to Tanner. Tanner's card is shown to Herman. Shirley's card is shown to Brenda. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Herman can now know whether Tanner picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Patricia does not know whether Dorothy is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Patricia does not know whether Marjorie is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Marjorie can now know whether Patricia is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Scott knows whether Joe's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joe can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Sophie's card is shown to Joan. Douglas's card is shown to Joan. Joan's card is shown to Stacie. Stacie's card is shown to Douglas. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Joan does not know whether Sophie picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joan can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

Hypothesis: Lillian can now know that Debbie can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Sharon's card is shown to Archie. Archie's card is shown to Sharon. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Sharon does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Sharon does not know whether Sharon picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sharon can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Evelyn's card is shown to Trent. Evelyn's card is shown to Evelyn. Nancy's card is shown to Nancy. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Evelyn does not know whether Mary picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Trent can now know whether Mary can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thelma knows whether Dwight's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dwight's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] (Agenta knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Thelma can now know whether Thelma's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mercedes does not know whether Velma is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Velma can now know that Mercedes can know that Velma is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 3)

Hypothesis: David can now know that Anna can know that David is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Randall's card is shown to Randall. Derek's card is shown to Randall. Randall's card is shown to Derek. Frederick's card is shown to Derek. Randall's card is shown to Frederick. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Derek can now know whether Derek picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that George does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Scott knows whether George is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Scott can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Pamela does not know whether Angela is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Angela knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentd knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Diane can now know that Angela is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Hortencia can now know whether Wayne can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Tiffany's card is shown to Roberto. Tiffany's card is shown to Tiffany. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Roberto does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Roberto does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Roberto knows whether someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Tiffany knows whether or not nobody picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Roberto can now know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Francisco's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Orlando can now know whether Olga can know that Olga's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Stephanie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 1 ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Brandon can now know whether Brandon's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Sonja's card is shown to Cheryl. Sonja's card is shown to Sonja. Ruthie's card is shown to Ruthie. Sonja's card is shown to Jean. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ruthie can now know that Jean can know that Jean picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Felicita's card is shown to Felicita. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2))

Hypothesis: Felicita can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Judith can now know that Margaret can know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kirk knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Karl can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas does not know whether Thomas's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas does not know whether Thomas's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Scott does not know whether Scott's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Scott can now know that Anthony can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Marlene can now know whether Gene can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). John's card is shown to Evelyn. Helen's card is shown to Evelyn. Evelyn's card is shown to John. John's card is shown to Matthew. Helen's card is shown to Matthew. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1 Agentc:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1 Agentc:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know that Evelyn can know whether Helen picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jon's card is shown to Monique. Carla's card is shown to Monique. Jon's card is shown to Carla. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jon can now know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ricky knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether Lindsay's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know that Rita's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Brian's card is shown to Brian. John's card is shown to Brian. Brian's card is shown to John. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Karen does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Karen can now know that Brian can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jason's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether Ronald's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Margaret knows whether James's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentd knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Margaret can now know whether Ronald can know whether Jason's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Daniel knows whether Victoria's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Albert can now know that Victoria can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Douglas does not know whether Douglas's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Paul can now know that Paul's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Dallas can now know that Joyce can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marian does not know whether Lena is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marian does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dana is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dana can now know whether Lena can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Karmen knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Karmen knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gary can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Arthur knows whether Melissa's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gerald knows whether Melissa's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Melissa does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Melissa can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nathan knows whether George's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nathan knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Frances can now know that Nathan can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Verna does not know whether Kent is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kent does not know whether Verna is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentd knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Verna can now know whether Jessica can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Margaret's card is shown to Mavis. Christopher's card is shown to Christopher. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Christopher does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentb knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know whether Margaret picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bernice knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bernice can now know whether Elizabeth's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Rose's card is shown to Myrtle. Rose's card is shown to Benjamin. Benjamin's card is shown to Rose. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Benjamin can now know that Myrtle can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Aurelia knows whether Mary's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know that James can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Evelyn's card is shown to Evelyn. Louis's card is shown to Evelyn. Matthew's card is shown to Matthew. Matthew's card is shown to Louis. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Matthew can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentd knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Dorothy can now know whether Johnny can know that Johnny's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sandra does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sandra's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! 1 ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Sandra can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mike does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Angela can now know that Mike can know that John's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Cindy can now know that Sharon can know whether Sharon's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Allen knows whether Allen's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Allen can now know whether Steven can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jeana's card is shown to Jeana. Patricia's card is shown to Jeana. Maxine's card is shown to Jeana. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Jeana can now know that Patricia picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Russell knows whether Russell's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agenta knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Jesse can now know whether Christine's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Mark's card is shown to Mark. Mark's card is shown to Martha. Martha's card is shown to Martha. Martha's card is shown to Michael. Michael's card is shown to Michael. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mark does not know whether Michael picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mark can now know whether Martha can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Linda knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Arlene does not know whether Helen is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Linda can now know whether Helen can know whether Arlene is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Marilyn's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] (Agenta knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: William can now know whether Marilyn's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Linda knows whether Pauline's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Linda can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jennifer knows whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Omar knows whether Jennifer is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jennifer can now know whether Omar can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ryan does not know whether Daryl is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Daryl can now know that Thomas can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jerry knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jason knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jerry can now know that Jason can know that Jerry's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jeanette does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Julia does not know whether Betty is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jeanette can now know that Julia is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Norma's card is shown to Cynthia. Carroll's card is shown to William. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Cynthia does not know whether Cynthia picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Carroll knows whether Norma picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Cynthia can now know that Carroll can know whether Carroll picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Kathleen can now know that Jonathon can know that Raymond's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 3 ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 3 ] 0

Hypothesis: Alan can now know whether Robert can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Nia's card is shown to Michael. Nia's card is shown to Mary. Nia's card is shown to Nia. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Mary's card is shown to Alonzo. Alonzo's card is shown to Harry. Harry's card is shown to Harry. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Alonzo does not know whether Harry picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mary does not know whether Mary picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Alonzo can now know whether Mary can know that everyone picked a red card.