Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Esther does not know whether Connie is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Esther can now know whether Connie can know that Connie is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Robert's card is shown to James. Jerry's card is shown to Jerry. James's card is shown to Robert. Jerry's card is shown to Charles. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know that Jerry can know whether James picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Eva's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nancy knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eva can now know that Nancy can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Christine's card is shown to Russell. Russell's card is shown to Christine. Russell's card is shown to Amy. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Christine knows whether someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Russell does not know whether Travis picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Russell does not know whether Travis picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christine can now know that Russell picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Rodney's card is shown to David. Daniel's card is shown to David. Lillie's card is shown to David. David's card is shown to Rodney. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Rodney does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentb knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Rodney can now know whether Lillie picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sandra's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ronald does not know whether Ronald's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sandra can now know that Carmen can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Edward does not know whether Lien is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Randy knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lien does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lien can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Brenda's card is shown to Shelia. Shelia's card is shown to Brenda. Paul's card is shown to Brenda. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Paul knows whether someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Paul picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Shelia knows whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Shelia can now know that Paul can know that Shelia picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Eula can now know whether Charles can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kristen knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kristen can now know whether Kyle can know whether Kristen's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gregorio's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: Gregorio can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kenneth does not know whether Kenneth's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kenneth does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Heather knows whether Jerome's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Thomas can now know whether Jerome can know whether Jerome's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nancy does not know whether Nancy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lucy can now know whether Nancy can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Cameron's card is shown to Cameron. Cameron's card is shown to Eleanor. Eleanor's card is shown to Eleanor. Paula's card is shown to Paula. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eleanor can now know that Cameron picked a red card.


VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether Ricky's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Judy does not know whether Judy's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gerald knows whether Gerald's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gerald knows whether Gerald's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gerald can now know that Elise can know whether Gerald's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Shara can now know that Thomas can know that Thomas's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Judith does not know whether Judith's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Judith's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Crystal's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rutha's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentd knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Janet can now know that Rutha's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Joseph knows whether Joseph is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Luann does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Beulah can now know that Luann can know whether Beulah is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Marion's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: Marion can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bill knows whether Andy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Andy can now know whether Bill can know whether Bill's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Carol does not know whether Dorothy is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gertrude does not know whether Carol is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dorothy does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mary does not know whether Carol is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dorothy can now know that Gertrude can know whether Carol is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dominick does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Teresa does not know whether Patrick is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Patrick does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Patrick does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dominick can now know that Teresa is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Lois's card is shown to Enrique. Enrique's card is shown to Lois. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Enrique does not know whether Enrique picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Lois can now know whether Enrique can know whether Lois picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dennis knows whether David's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that Dennis's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Richard can now know that Richard's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nicholas knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nicholas can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Teri knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Anna knows whether Teri's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Phyllis does not know whether Phyllis's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Phyllis can now know whether Anna can know that Phyllis's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jessica knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Arletta can now know that Evelyn can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Isaias does not know whether Isaias's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rhonda knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rhonda does not know whether Rhonda's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Amy knows whether Isaias's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Amy can now know that Isaias's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robin knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robin knows whether Gladys's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robin's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robin can now know whether Gladys can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kerry's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Kerry can now know that Paul can know that Richard's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Scott's card is shown to Scott. Kevin's card is shown to Scott. Scott's card is shown to Kevin. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Scott can now know whether Kevin can know whether Kevin picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Marie's card is shown to Carl. Madison's card is shown to Madison. Marie's card is shown to Marie. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Madison can now know whether Carl picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ollie is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agenta knows that (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Michael can now know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ruth knows whether Jackie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ruth can now know whether Mae can know that Mae's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that June knows whether June's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Amos knows whether Belinda's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Belinda can now know whether Belinda's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard knows whether Adriana's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Clarence can now know whether Adriana can know that Clarence's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Margaret does not know whether Mary is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mary does not know whether Patricia is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mary is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gordon can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Craig's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Donald knows whether Kelsey's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jessica knows whether Donald's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kelsey can now know that Craig can know that Kelsey's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Susan can now know that Richard can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bradley does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Elsie can now know that Lawrence can know that Bradley's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Leah's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bruce knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Leah knows whether Bruce's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Raymond can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Melvin does not know whether Mary is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Matthew knows whether Matthew is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 4) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Pedro can now know that Melvin can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Yolanda's card is shown to Yolanda. David's card is shown to Yolanda. Yolanda's card is shown to David. David's card is shown to David. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Yolanda knows whether David picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: David can now know that Yolanda can know that David picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). William's card is shown to Lynn. Lynn's card is shown to Lynn. William's card is shown to James. Lynn's card is shown to James. James's card is shown to James. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Lynn knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that William knows whether Lynn picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lynn can now know whether James picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gordon knows whether Marc's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ronald can now know whether Gordon can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Danielle's card is shown to Lonnie. Donald's card is shown to Lonnie. Danielle's card is shown to Donald. Jody's card is shown to Donald. Donald's card is shown to Jody. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Danielle can now know whether Lonnie picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Aubrey knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Aubrey can now know whether William can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Sarah is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Beatrice can now know that Sarah can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rochelle knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: Earnest can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Michael can now know that Jamie can know whether Michael's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that George knows whether John's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Jennifer can now know that Domingo can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Charles does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mary does not know whether Vita is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Charles does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Vita can now know that Mary is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jeffrey does not know whether Michael is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Cole can now know that Michael can know whether Jeffrey is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether Robert's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 4) ] (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nathan can now know whether Nathan's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Travis does not know whether Bruce is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Richard can now know that Richard is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Estela's card is shown to Estela. Eugene's card is shown to Estela. Jennifer's card is shown to Jennifer. Estela's card is shown to Eugene. Jennifer's card is shown to Eugene. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Eugene does not know whether Eugene picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jennifer can now know whether Eugene can know that Jennifer picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dana does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Sarah is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dana can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that April's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Charles can now know whether April can know whether April's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Barbara's card is shown to Barbara. Sharon's card is shown to Barbara. Janice's card is shown to Barbara. Sharon's card is shown to Sharon. Janice's card is shown to Sharon. Sharon's card is shown to Jeff. Barbara's card is shown to Janice. Sharon's card is shown to Janice. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,4 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,4 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Barbara can now know that Sharon picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Donald knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Donald can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Cheryl's card is shown to Samuel. Esther's card is shown to Samuel. Samuel's card is shown to Madeline. Samuel's card is shown to Esther. Esther's card is shown to Esther. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Madeline can now know that Cheryl can know whether Madeline picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Mark's card is shown to Mark. Ramona's card is shown to Ramona. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Ramona picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (1&2) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Ramona can now know that Mark picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Luis's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Roderick can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Wanda knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Julia's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: Julia can now know that Corey's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Joseph's card is shown to Helen. Karissa's card is shown to Karissa. Joseph's card is shown to Karissa. Earl's card is shown to Joseph. Earl's card is shown to Earl. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Helen does not know whether Earl picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:4 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:4 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Karissa can now know that Joseph can know whether Joseph picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Amy can now know that Jim's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Edith does not know whether Edith's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Edith's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! 4 ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! 4 ] 0

Hypothesis: Francis can now know that April can know whether April's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Barbara does not know whether Barbara's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Barbara can now know whether John's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether James's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bridget can now know that James's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nicole's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Nicole can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Raymond's card is shown to Raymond. Raymond's card is shown to Bernice. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Bernice does not know whether Bernice picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Raymond can now know whether Bernice can know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tia's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Linda can now know that Linda's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dana's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] (Agenta knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Jason can now know that Sharon's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Sandra does not know whether Terri is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Julie does not know whether Morris is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sandra can now know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lillian does not know whether Avery is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Avery can now know that Lillian can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether William is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jacelyn's card is shown to Linda. Janice's card is shown to Janice. Isaac's card is shown to Janice. Jacelyn's card is shown to Janice. Janice's card is shown to Isaac. Isaac's card is shown to Jacelyn. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jacelyn does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:2,3,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:2,3,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Janice can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Sarah does not know whether Todd is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know whether John is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Karen's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Jay can now know that Jay's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Angel does not know whether Nelson is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Edmund can now know whether Angel can know that Jeffrey is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Toni does not know whether William is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jinny can now know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gladys knows whether Gladys is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robin can now know that Gladys can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Maria does not know whether Brandi is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Thomas does not know whether Jennifer is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Maria can now know whether Brandi can know that Brandi is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Daniel's card is shown to Daniel. Daniel's card is shown to Brian. Brian's card is shown to Brian. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Brian knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Brian knows whether Daniel picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brian can now know whether Daniel picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that George knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Margaret can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Janet knows whether James's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether Janet's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Janet can now know that James can know that Janet's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dan can now know whether Mark can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Marie can now know whether Percy can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Arlene knows whether Gustavo's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gustavo can now know that Gustavo's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gregory knows whether Paul's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jennifer can now know that Gregory can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Marge's card is shown to Marge. Jana's card is shown to Marge. Marge's card is shown to Clara. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Marge can now know that Clara can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marvin does not know whether Rebecca is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Helen does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Helen does not know whether Rebecca is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Rebecca does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Elmer can now know whether Marvin can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Marvin's card is shown to Marvin. Carmen's card is shown to Carmen. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Carmen does not know whether Marvin picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Marvin picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! 1 ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Marvin can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Hector knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentd knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Herbert can now know whether Herbert's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Douglas can now know that Elmer's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jeremy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! 3 ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Jeremy can now know whether Mario can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Clayton's card is shown to Gregg. Clayton's card is shown to Clayton. Brandon's card is shown to Clayton. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

Hypothesis: Gregg can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Barbara does not know whether Jose is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Barbara does not know whether Bonnie is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] (Agentd knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bonnie can now know whether Shane is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mary's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know whether Mary's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). James's card is shown to James. Martha's card is shown to Melissa. James's card is shown to Melissa. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know that Martha can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mary's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Otis knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Manuel can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Julie can now know that Mary can know that Irma's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bridgett knows whether Martha's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Martha can now know that Dion's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mary does not know whether Mary's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sherie does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentd knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Annie can now know that Sherie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mercedes does not know whether Mercedes's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lou knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lou can now know whether Mercedes's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Paulette does not know whether Paulette's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that John knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] (Agentc knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Katherine can now know that John's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Curtis can now know that Christopher can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mercedes knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Cicely's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(1) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mercedes can now know whether Mercedes's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

Hypothesis: James can now know whether David can know that David's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gilberto does not know whether Roberta is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gilberto knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Roberta can now know that Sarah can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Laraine's card is shown to Beatrice. Thelma's card is shown to Beatrice. Sandra's card is shown to Laraine. Sandra's card is shown to Thelma. Laraine's card is shown to Thelma. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3,4 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3,4 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sandra can now know whether Laraine can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Kacie's card is shown to Kacie. Alexander's card is shown to Kacie. Eric's card is shown to Anthony. Eric's card is shown to Alexander. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Kacie does not know whether Kacie picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Kacie does not know whether Anthony picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eric can now know that Anthony can know that Alexander picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentc knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Thomas can now know whether Norman can know that Thomas's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Victoria's card is shown to Victoria. Donald's card is shown to Victoria. Frankie's card is shown to Victoria. Donald's card is shown to Elizabeth. Elizabeth's card is shown to Donald. Donald's card is shown to Donald. Victoria's card is shown to Frankie. Elizabeth's card is shown to Frankie. Frankie's card is shown to Frankie. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3,4 Agentb:3 Agentc:2,3 Agentd:1,2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3,4 Agentb:3 Agentc:2,3 Agentd:1,2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Donald can now know that Elizabeth picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Nancy does not know whether Etta is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Celeste can now know that Etta is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Selina does not know whether Michele is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Michele does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Selina is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Michele does not know whether Jesse is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Selina can now know that Selina is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Connie's card is shown to Craig. Connie's card is shown to Dorothy. Woodrow's card is shown to Dorothy. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Connie does not know whether Craig picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Connie can now know whether Craig can know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Samantha's card is shown to Carolyn. Patricia's card is shown to Carolyn. Carolyn's card is shown to Edna. Samantha's card is shown to Patricia. Patricia's card is shown to Patricia. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 Agentb:1 Agentc:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 Agentb:1 Agentc:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Edna can now know whether Carolyn can know whether Patricia picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jessica knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Stephanie knows whether Jessica's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1|2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jessica can now know that Stephanie can know that Stephanie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Elizabeth is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether Dodie is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mary does not know whether Ann is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Johnny is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! 3 ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! 3 ] 0

Hypothesis: Ann can now know that Johnny can know that Mary is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kirk knows whether Kirk's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kirk can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Glenn can now know that Russell can know that Glenn's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Raymond knows whether Raymond's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Alfreda can now know whether Raymond can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Victoria knows whether Scott's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Scott knows whether Kirsten's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Scott does not know whether Scott's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Victoria can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Eric's card is shown to Barbara. Barbara's card is shown to Eric. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Barbara does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eric can now know that Eric picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Cheryl's card is shown to Alexis. Alexis's card is shown to Cheryl. Cheryl's card is shown to Cheryl. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Alexis can now know whether Cheryl can know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christine does not know whether Marguerite is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christine does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christine does not know whether Marguerite is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marguerite knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christine can now know that Marguerite can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gerald does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gerald does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Wade can now know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Marilyn's card is shown to Marilyn. Marilyn's card is shown to Tanna. David's card is shown to Tanna. Tanna's card is shown to Tanna. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Marilyn does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: David can now know whether Marilyn can know that Tanna picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that June knows whether Elmer's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Elmer can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Margaret's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Leona can now know that Joseph's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Christopher's card is shown to Christopher. Michael's card is shown to Christopher. Christopher's card is shown to Michael. Michael's card is shown to Michael. Ian's card is shown to Michael. Michael's card is shown to Ian. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know whether Michael can know that Christopher picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Elizabeth knows whether Elizabeth is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Brandon does not know whether Francis is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Francis can now know whether Elizabeth can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lester knows whether Gale's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Billy does not know whether Billy's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Delilah knows whether Gale's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gale can now know that Delilah can know whether Gale's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Fredrick can now know that Alfred can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Virgie knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kelly does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kelly can now know that Virgie can know that Kelly is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Amy does not know whether Heather is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Angel can now know that Amy can know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Luz does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Luz does not know whether Luz's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joe can now know that Margarita's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lloyd knows whether Lloyd is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carl can now know whether Lloyd can know whether Carl is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christopher knows whether Laura is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christopher knows whether Laura is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Laura knows whether Christopher is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christopher knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know whether Laura can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Patrick knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Brenda knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brenda can now know whether Patrick can know whether Patrick's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Leslie can now know whether Elizabeth can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kimberly does not know whether Johnnie is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Johnnie can now know that Thomas can know whether Johnnie is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Eliza knows whether Eliza's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Patricia can now know that Eliza can know that Patricia's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nancy knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Melvin can now know that Nancy can know that Brenda's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Angel knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Angel can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Rosalie's card is shown to Rosalie. Rosalie's card is shown to Patricia. Patricia's card is shown to Patricia. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Patricia knows whether Patricia picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Rosalie can now know that Patricia can know whether Patricia picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Lloyd can now know whether Frank can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dona does not know whether Dona's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Frank does not know whether Frank's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lola can now know whether Frank can know whether Lola's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Eduardo does not know whether James is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: David can now know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Consuelo does not know whether Evelyn is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jennifer can now know that Mark is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). James's card is shown to James. Liliana's card is shown to James. James's card is shown to Liliana. Liliana's card is shown to Liliana. Myron's card is shown to Liliana. Myron's card is shown to Lawrence. James's card is shown to Myron. Lawrence's card is shown to Myron. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2,4 Agentc:4 Agentd:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2,4 Agentc:4 Agentd:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know whether Lawrence can know that Lawrence picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Frank knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Tracy can now know that Joy can know that David's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Eva does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Eva does not know whether David is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gregory does not know whether David is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gregory can now know whether David is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Betty knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Betty can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Cinda's card is shown to Cinda. Elizabeth's card is shown to Cinda. Thomas's card is shown to Cinda. Cinda's card is shown to Elizabeth. Elizabeth's card is shown to Elizabeth. Cinda's card is shown to Thomas. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Cinda can now know that Elizabeth can know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Pearl's card is shown to Pearl. Pearl's card is shown to Joshua. Joshua's card is shown to Joshua. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Pearl knows whether someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Pearl does not know whether Joshua picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Pearl can now know whether someone picked a red card.