Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Nicole knows whether Richard's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nicole can now know whether Richard can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jessie knows whether Jessie's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Hugh knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Samatha can now know whether Jessie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Benjamin knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agentb knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Janette can now know whether Benjamin's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Maria's card is shown to Maria. Maria's card is shown to Jennifer. Kimberly's card is shown to Jennifer. Kimberly's card is shown to Kimberly. Saul's card is shown to Kimberly. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jennifer can now know that Kimberly can know that Kimberly picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Frank knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Frank knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Antonia's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Peter can now know that Erin can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Margarita knows whether Laura's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Laura's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! 3 ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! 3 ] 0

Hypothesis: Laura can now know that Esther can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Samuel's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 1 ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Samuel can now know that Melissa can know whether Melissa's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Brittany knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Milton does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentb knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brittany can now know whether Milton is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nancy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] (Agenta knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Kathy can now know that Kathy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Leslie's card is shown to Leslie. Ted's card is shown to Leslie. Michelle's card is shown to Leslie. Michelle's card is shown to Ted. Ted's card is shown to Michelle. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Linda does not know whether Leslie picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Linda does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Leslie knows whether Michelle picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Ted does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3,4 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentb knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3,4 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Linda can now know whether Michelle picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Stephanie's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentc knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Stephanie can now know whether Reid can know that Stephanie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). George's card is shown to Timothy. Timothy's card is shown to Patricia. George's card is shown to Patricia. Timothy's card is shown to George. Patricia's card is shown to George. George's card is shown to George. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: George can now know whether Patricia can know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Scott does not know whether Cleo is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Scott can now know whether Cleo can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jackie's card is shown to Jackie. Janis's card is shown to Janis. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jackie does not know whether Pedro picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jackie can now know whether Pedro can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jimmy can now know that Richard can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Alvin's card is shown to Mae. Mae's card is shown to Mae. Mae's card is shown to Mona. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Alvin does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mae can now know whether Alvin can know whether Mona picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). John's card is shown to Daniel. John's card is shown to Thomas. Daniel's card is shown to Anne. Anne's card is shown to Anne. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Daniel can now know that John can know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Sandra can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Raleigh knows whether Margaret's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Margaret's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! 3 ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Margaret can now know that Danielle can know that Raleigh's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Eric knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Janice does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eric can now know that Melissa can know whether Eric is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kevin knows whether Frank's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Kevin can now know that Frank can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Todd knows whether Kim's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kim can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Paul's card is shown to Paul. Gregory's card is shown to Paul. Michael's card is shown to Paul. Gregory's card is shown to Gregory. Gregory's card is shown to Michael. Paul's card is shown to Cheryl. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Paul picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Paul can now know that Michael can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Carolyn does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carolyn can now know that Clark can know that Martha's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Pauline knows whether Jan's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Pauline's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that David knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: David can now know that Pauline can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Margie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Margie can now know that Burt can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jennifer does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jennifer does not know whether William is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Richard can now know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Diane's card is shown to Diane. Diane's card is shown to Heather. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Diane can now know that Francis can know whether Heather picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Antonio knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: William can now know that Teresa can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Katherine knows whether Pamela's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Pamela can now know that James can know that Pamela's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Karen knows whether Daphine's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Daphine can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alan knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Maria can now know whether Alan can know that Alan is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Helen knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Helen knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Helen knows whether Helen's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Helen can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Paul knows whether Bertha's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Paul knows whether Bertha's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bertha can now know whether Justin can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Emma's card is shown to Albert. Erwin's card is shown to Albert. Albert's card is shown to Mark. Erwin's card is shown to Mark. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Albert does not know whether Albert picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Albert does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Albert can now know that Albert picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Stephanie's card is shown to Brenda. Brenda's card is shown to Janice. Stephanie's card is shown to Stephanie. Janice's card is shown to Keith. Stephanie's card is shown to Keith. Keith's card is shown to Keith. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1 Agentc:3 Agentd:2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1 Agentc:3 Agentd:2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Janice can now know whether Brenda picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lynne knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Richard can now know that Lynne can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Eric's card is shown to Eric. Ginger's card is shown to Eric. Eric's card is shown to Sheila. Sheila's card is shown to Sheila. Ginger's card is shown to Ginger. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ginger can now know whether Eric can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: James can now know that John's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Carlos knows whether Carlos's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Shirley can now know that Martha can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Cora knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lida can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joseph's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Mitchell can now know that Mitchell's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gary knows whether Michael's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael knows whether Michael's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gary knows whether Gary's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Michael can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gary's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Patricia's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! 1 ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: Lawrence can now know whether Patricia can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Angela knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Angela can now know whether Michael can know whether Carolyn's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether Harry's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that Jose can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Steven's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: Steven can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (1|2) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joseph can now know that Mary's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Terry's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Michael can now know that Michael's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Susan does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentd knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dale can now know whether Willie can know that Dale is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Carolyn knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carolyn can now know that Samuel can know whether Carolyn's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Peter's card is shown to Dorothy. Jennifer's card is shown to Harry. Jennifer's card is shown to Jennifer. Peter's card is shown to Peter. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Harry can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mattie does not know whether Darin is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Joshua does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Darin can now know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Karen knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Claire knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Claire knows whether Karen's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Janine knows whether Janine's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Janine can now know whether Claire can know that Janine's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Beverly's card is shown to Stanley. Ronald's card is shown to Stanley. Beverly's card is shown to Beverly. Dorothy's card is shown to Beverly. Ronald's card is shown to Dorothy. Dorothy's card is shown to Ronald. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Ronald does not know whether Beverly picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:4 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:4 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Beverly can now know whether Stanley can know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lewis knows whether Lewis's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: William can now know that William's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Sheila's card is shown to Sheila. Sharon's card is shown to Sharon. Debra's card is shown to Sharon. Sharon's card is shown to Debra. Debra's card is shown to Debra. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Sheila does not know whether Sharon picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Debra knows whether Sharon picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sheila can now know whether Debra can know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Christopher's card is shown to Judith. Robert's card is shown to Judith. Judith's card is shown to Christopher. Christopher's card is shown to Christopher. Judith's card is shown to Robert. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know whether Judith picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Karen is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Karen can now know that Jeff can know whether Sara is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Marjorie does not know whether Marjorie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lee can now know whether David can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Deborah does not know whether Deborah's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Alfonso can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Emmanuel's card is shown to Clara. William's card is shown to Clara. Clara's card is shown to Kimberly. William's card is shown to Emmanuel. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3,4 Agentb:1 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3,4 Agentb:1 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kimberly can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Clifford knows whether Clifford's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Clifford can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether Albert's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Albert can now know that Albert's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Laverne can now know that David can know whether Laverne's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Clifford does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kathy is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Marcus can now know that James can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robert's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! 3 ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know that Susan can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Nancy's card is shown to Robert. Juanita's card is shown to Robert. Robert's card is shown to Juanita. Juanita's card is shown to Juanita. Dennis's card is shown to Juanita. Nancy's card is shown to Dennis. Dennis's card is shown to Dennis. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:2,3,4 Agentc:1,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Nancy can now know that Nancy picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Randy's card is shown to Henry. Christopher's card is shown to Randy. Randy's card is shown to Randy. Harold's card is shown to Randy. Harold's card is shown to Harold. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Harold picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Christopher knows whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Randy can now know whether Henry can know whether Henry picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jerrell does not know whether Carol is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jerrell does not know whether Wendi is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jerrell can now know whether Jerrell is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: Kevin can now know whether Madeline can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Laura knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Larry can now know whether Laura can know that Catherine's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Rebecca can now know that James's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael knows whether Edith's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Edith can now know that Edith's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Joseph does not know whether Harvey is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Audrey can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Brandi's card is shown to Brandi. Beverly's card is shown to Megan. Phyllis's card is shown to Megan. Brandi's card is shown to Beverly. Brandi's card is shown to Phyllis. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Phyllis does not know whether Phyllis picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Beverly knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3,4 Agentc:1 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3,4 Agentc:1 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Phyllis can now know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentc knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Erika can now know whether Martha is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joshua knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Joshua can now know whether Teressa can know whether Teressa's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Bud knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bobbi can now know that Connie can know that Connie is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Neal does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Chong knows whether Neal's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentd knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mercedes can now know whether Michael can know that Michael's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Larry does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Larry can now know that Larry's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Debra's card is shown to Aaron. Debra's card is shown to Debra. Beatrice's card is shown to Debra. Debra's card is shown to Beatrice. Beatrice's card is shown to Beatrice. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Beatrice does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Aaron does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Beatrice can now know that Aaron can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mark knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Donald's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! ~(3) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know that Donald can know that Mark's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Margaret knows whether Christopher's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know that Margaret's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Bob's card is shown to Bob. Edith's card is shown to Bob. Edith's card is shown to Glen. Bob's card is shown to Andrea. Andrea's card is shown to Andrea. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Andrea does not know whether Edith picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Glen does not know whether Andrea picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:4 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:4 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Glen can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Vickie's card is shown to Vickie. Inell's card is shown to Vickie. John's card is shown to Vickie. Vickie's card is shown to Inell. Inell's card is shown to Inell. Vickie's card is shown to John. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Inell can now know whether John can know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ronald does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ronald does not know whether Timothy is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Earl does not know whether Timothy is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Timothy can now know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Brian's card is shown to Brian. Ricardo's card is shown to Michael. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brian can now know that Michael can know whether Michael picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Anna's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Anna knows whether Tracy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know whether Anna can know whether James's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ladawn does not know whether Ladawn's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Casey can now know that Louis's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Andrew's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Gretchen can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Shelby's card is shown to Jeffrey. Brandon's card is shown to Jeffrey. Jeffrey's card is shown to Brandon. Jeffrey's card is shown to Ryan. Shelby's card is shown to Ryan. Brandon's card is shown to Ryan. Ryan's card is shown to Ryan. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jeffrey does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Shelby can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Earl does not know whether Arlie is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Arlie does not know whether Earl is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentd knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Andrea can now know whether Ty can know that Arlie is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentd knows that (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Glen can now know whether Jocelyn can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Leslie knows whether Virgil's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jane's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(2) ] (Agenta knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Shirley can now know whether Leslie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Charles does not know whether Susan is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Amy does not know whether Charles is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Amy does not know whether Susan is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Amy can now know that Charles can know that Susan is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Shane's card is shown to Margaret. Shane's card is shown to Norman. Jesus's card is shown to Shane. Norman's card is shown to Shane. Shane's card is shown to Shane. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:4 Agentc:1,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:4 Agentc:1,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Margaret can now know whether Norman can know that Norman picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ashley knows whether Ashley's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nancy knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nancy can now know that Michael can know that Nancy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Timothy knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentc knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Jimmy can now know whether Debra can know whether Timothy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Virginia's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 2 ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Bruce can now know that Virginia can know that Bruce's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rachel's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Jeffrey's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: Rachel can now know that Jeffrey can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Frank does not know whether Frank's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Consuelo does not know whether Consuelo's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carmela can now know that Consuelo can know whether Carmela's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joyce knows whether Joyce's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Henry can now know that Joyce can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: April can now know that Summer can know whether Summer's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Katherine does not know whether Wilson is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Judy is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Katherine can now know that John can know that Katherine is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michel knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Michel can now know that Michael can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Nancy's card is shown to Nancy. Jennifer's card is shown to Jennifer. Shelton's card is shown to Jennifer. Jennifer's card is shown to Shelton. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Shelton can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kim knows whether Marlyn's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Pedro does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Marlyn can now know that Pedro's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Erick can now know that Roberto can know that William's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Frank knows whether Frank's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Frank can now know whether Lakenya can know that Lakenya's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ruth is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 2 ] Agentc knows whether (Agentd knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Enedina can now know whether Patricia can know that Gwendolyn is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Lucille's card is shown to Sonia. Sonia's card is shown to Gary. Lucille's card is shown to Courtney. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Sonia picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Sonia does not know whether Gary picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Gary does not know whether Courtney picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sonia can now know that Lucille can know whether Lucille picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). James's card is shown to James. James's card is shown to William. William's card is shown to William. James's card is shown to Stephanie. William's card is shown to Stephanie. Stephanie's card is shown to Stephanie. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentc knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Stephanie can now know whether Stephanie picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Brian does not know whether Brian's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ana knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ana knows whether David's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brian can now know whether David can know whether Ana's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Charles's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Susan can now know that Susan's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Cecelia's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Heather can now know that Cecelia can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Chase knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Barbara does not know whether Barbara's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Chase does not know whether Chase's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Enrique knows whether Enrique's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Chase can now know that Enrique's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Edith can now know that Kelli can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Amanda's card is shown to John. John's card is shown to Amanda. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that John picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 1 ] (Agentb knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Amanda can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nathan's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nathan's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentd knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Bert can now know whether Michael's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kathleen knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Karen can now know whether Nell's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert does not know whether Donna is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentd knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Donna can now know whether Jessica can know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that John does not know whether Hillary is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Michele is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! 2 ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Michele can now know that Wesley can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Beverly does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rosa knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Beverly does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Edwin can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jessica knows whether Walter's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Walter knows whether Walter's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jessica knows whether Jessica's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jessica can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Georgia's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Georgia can now know whether Earl can know whether Mildred's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christopher does not know whether Patty is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christopher does not know whether Jacqueline is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Natalie can now know whether Natalie is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Deanna knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kevin can now know that Joyce can know that Deanna is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Randy does not know whether Shameka is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Shameka does not know whether Randy is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dennis can now know that Shameka can know whether Shameka is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Gregory's card is shown to Gregory. Betty's card is shown to Gregory. Gregory's card is shown to Irene. Betty's card is shown to Irene. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Gregory knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Betty knows whether Irene picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: Gregory can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Eleanor knows whether Jill's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Eleanor knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Samuel can now know that Eleanor can know whether Jill's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Elizabeth is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Elizabeth knows whether or not nobody is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Elizabeth does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Elizabeth can now know whether Elizabeth is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Paula's card is shown to Paula. Paula's card is shown to Maria. Gussie's card is shown to Maria. Gussie's card is shown to Neil. Paula's card is shown to Gussie. Maria's card is shown to Gussie. Neil's card is shown to Gussie. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,4 Agentc:4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,4 Agentc:4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gussie can now know that Paula can know that Paula picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mercedes knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jana can now know that Mercedes can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Georgia knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Heidi can now know whether Vickie can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rita knows whether Charlene's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Raymond's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Charlene can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ed knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Paige's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: Ed can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Diane's card is shown to Rebecca. Diane's card is shown to Diane. Diane's card is shown to Lonna. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Rebecca can now know that Lonna can know that Lonna picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: George can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Amanda knows whether Robert's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Amanda can now know that Gregorio's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Clifton does not know whether Matthew is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bonnie can now know that Michelle can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that William does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Joan knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that William does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: Joan can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Geraldine knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that John knows whether Nancy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentd knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Geraldine can now know whether Nancy can know whether Nancy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Audrey knows whether Audrey is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joseph can now know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Daniel is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jessica knows whether Jessica is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jessica can now know that Daniel can know that Jessica is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Ronald's card is shown to Essie. Gloria's card is shown to Essie. Essie's card is shown to Eugene. Essie's card is shown to Gloria. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eugene can now know whether Essie picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Richard's card is shown to Richard. Ricky's card is shown to Robert. Robert's card is shown to Ricky. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ricky can now know that Richard picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lester's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Scott can now know that Gregory can know that Henry's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Frank's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Veronica can now know that Bruce can know that Veronica's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Teresa knows whether James's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Louise can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Martha knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Katherine can now know that Vivian can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Andrea can now know whether Vernie can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Eric knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Hal does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eric can now know whether Hal can know that Hal's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Daniel does not know whether Daniel's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Daniel can now know whether Dorothy can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

Hypothesis: Virginia can now know that Virginia is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Casey's card is shown to Casey. Kristen's card is shown to Kristen. Kristen's card is shown to Marian. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Casey does not know whether Lien picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lien can now know that Kristen can know that Marian picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Brenda's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Brenda knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brenda can now know whether Michael can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marc does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Francis can now know that Jack can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Saundra's card is shown to Rosie. Rosie's card is shown to Saundra. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Saundra does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Saundra can now know whether Rosie can know that Rosie picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Tara does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Homer knows whether Homer is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Tara can now know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Charles does not know whether Charles's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Charles does not know whether Charles's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jennifer can now know that Charles can know that Charles's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Carolyn's card is shown to Nettie. Jeanna's card is shown to Jeanna. Carolyn's card is shown to Jeanna. Carolyn's card is shown to Carolyn. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nettie can now know that Jeanna can know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lincoln does not know whether Robert is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Pamela knows whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Pamela knows whether Pamela is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: David can now know that nobody is thirsty.