Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Sherri can now know whether Ronald can know whether Ronald's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Suzanne's card is shown to Danielle. Danielle's card is shown to Suzanne. Suzanne's card is shown to Suzanne. Suzanne's card is shown to Karin. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Danielle can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that John knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know that Audrey can know that Gloria's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Suk does not know whether Delois is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Crystal does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Keesha can now know that Keesha is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Andrew does not know whether Andrew's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Andrew can now know that Lloyd can know whether Andrew's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Heather's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether Heather's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Heather knows whether James's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know that Heather can know that Heather's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ronald does not know whether Tracy is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bob can now know that Tracy can know whether Tracy is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Margaret knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Karen can now know whether Shelia can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether Mary is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Harry does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Harry can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Leanne knows whether Barbara's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Leanne can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Stephen's card is shown to Stephen. Stephen's card is shown to Will. Bertha's card is shown to Will. Will's card is shown to Bertha. Adam's card is shown to Bertha. Will's card is shown to Adam. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Stephen knows whether Stephen picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:2,4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:2,4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Will can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Elsie does not know whether Jenna is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Elsie can now know that Jenna can know that Elsie is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Mary can now know that David can know whether David's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that April knows whether April's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: April can now know whether Eric can know that April's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Annie knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joseph can now know whether Annie can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mathilda knows whether John's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Ronald can now know that John can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that Walter's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Dwayne can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Carline's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Carline knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nicholas can now know that Carline's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether Alta is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Duane knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Joseph does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joseph can now know that Duane can know whether Alta is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Paul does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Paul knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Paul can now know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Andrea does not know whether Andrea's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jennifer does not know whether Jennifer's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Andrea can now know that Jennifer can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that David does not know whether Mitchell is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mitchell does not know whether David is thirsty. It is publicly announced that David is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Theodore does not know whether Mitchell is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Theodore can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robin knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Samuel can now know that Robin can know that Lisa's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gloria does not know whether Mary is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Juan can now know whether Kenneth can know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Phyllis knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Phyllis knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kelly can now know whether Phyllis can know whether Phyllis's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Darrell can now know whether Charles can know whether Charles's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gail does not know whether Mayme is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gail does not know whether Kathrine is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mayme knows whether Mayme is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gail can now know that Mayme can know whether Gail is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Kimberly's card is shown to Kimberly. Mallory's card is shown to Kimberly. Mallory's card is shown to Mallory. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mallory knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mallory does not know whether Kimberly picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Kimberly picked a black card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(1) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kimberly can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Willie knows whether or not nobody is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Willie does not know whether Julia is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Julia knows whether Willie is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Julia can now know whether Willie can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Charles knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Hannah knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Andrea's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Andrea can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Annie can now know whether Richard can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Willie does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Willie does not know whether Joel is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Willie can now know that Joel can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Antoinette can now know that Antoinette's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ellen does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Stephanie can now know that George is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kyle does not know whether Viola is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kyle can now know whether Danny is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sylvia's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 2 ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Sabrina can now know that Joy can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether Jennifer is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kristy does not know whether Jennifer is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know that James is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Ashlee's card is shown to Edward. Julie's card is shown to Edward. Ashlee's card is shown to Reuben. Reuben's card is shown to Reuben. Reuben's card is shown to Julie. Julie's card is shown to Julie. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Ashlee does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card.

Hypothesis: Ashlee can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Patricia's card is shown to Patricia. Harry's card is shown to Patricia. Edna's card is shown to Harry. Edna's card is shown to Edna. Jack's card is shown to Jack. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jack can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Marion's card is shown to Stacy. Susan's card is shown to Susan. Susan's card is shown to Marion. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Stacy picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Stacy knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Marion can now know whether Susan can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Mary's card is shown to Leon. Mary's card is shown to Mary. Leon's card is shown to Justin. Mary's card is shown to Justin. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Justin does not know whether Justin picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Justin does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Leon can now know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Julie does not know whether Julie's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Julie knows whether Susan's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Susan knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Susan can now know whether Susan's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Helen's card is shown to Helen. Margie's card is shown to Helen. Helen's card is shown to Jeffery. Bryan's card is shown to Margie. Helen's card is shown to Bryan. Jeffery's card is shown to Bryan. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jeffery does not know whether Jeffery picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jeffery does not know whether Margie picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1 Agentc:4 Agentd:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentd knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1 Agentc:4 Agentd:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jeffery can now know whether Bryan can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Victor's card is shown to Genevieve. Victor's card is shown to Victor. Mike's card is shown to Victor. Victor's card is shown to Mike. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Genevieve can now know whether Mike can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nicholas knows whether Nicholas's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Catherine can now know that Nicholas can know that Ilana's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). John's card is shown to John. Ida's card is shown to John. Ida's card is shown to Ida. Richard's card is shown to Ida. Mark's card is shown to Richard. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:3,4 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:3,4 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ida can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Carl's card is shown to Carl. Velva's card is shown to Carl. Deborah's card is shown to Carl. Carl's card is shown to Donald. Donald's card is shown to Deborah. Deborah's card is shown to Deborah. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3,4 Agentb:1 Agentc:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3,4 Agentb:1 Agentc:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carl can now know whether Velva can know whether Carl picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jenifer's card is shown to Michael. Jonathan's card is shown to Jenifer. Michael's card is shown to Jonathan. Jenifer's card is shown to Jonathan. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jonathan can now know that Michael can know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Joan's card is shown to Alice. Alice's card is shown to Joan. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] (Agenta knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Alice can now know whether Joan picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Jean can now know that Florentino can know whether Jean's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kimberly does not know whether Kimberly's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Geraldine can now know whether Kimberly can know that Michael's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Eugene's card is shown to Eugene. Eugene's card is shown to David. Eugene's card is shown to Faye. David's card is shown to Faye. Faye's card is shown to Faye. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eugene can now know whether David picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jessie's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jose does not know whether Jose's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ryan can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Mavis can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that David knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: David can now know that David's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Rhonda's card is shown to Rhonda. Brenda's card is shown to Gregory. Rhonda's card is shown to Elizabeth. Elizabeth's card is shown to Elizabeth. Rhonda's card is shown to Brenda. Brenda's card is shown to Brenda. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Gregory does not know whether Elizabeth picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Brenda picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:4 Agentc:1,3 Agentd:1,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! 4 ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:4 Agentc:1,3 Agentd:1,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! 4 ] 0

Hypothesis: Elizabeth can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sandra knows whether Lacie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sandra can now know whether Lacie can know that Sandra's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Helen's card is shown to Helen. Helen's card is shown to Dennis. Dennis's card is shown to Dennis. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Helen knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dennis can now know that Helen can know that Dennis picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether Vita's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Vita can now know that Mary can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Anthony's card is shown to Mike. Christopher's card is shown to Anthony. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Anthony can now know whether Anthony picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Clyde's card is shown to Sandra. Christina's card is shown to Christina. Carole's card is shown to Christina. Carole's card is shown to Clyde. Clyde's card is shown to Carole. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:4 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:4 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christina can now know that Christina picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Marc's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Richard can now know that Dale can know whether Richard's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lillian does not know whether Lillian's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Lillian can now know whether Billy can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Toi knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Eric can now know that Toi can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Nina knows whether Nina is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Corey can now know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rachel does not know whether Rachel's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that William knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that William's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! 2 ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: William can now know that Rachel can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Dee's card is shown to Phillip. Gordon's card is shown to Gordon. Phillip's card is shown to Dee. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Dee does not know whether Gordon picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Phillip can now know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert does not know whether James is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know whether Andrea can know that Andrea is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jodi's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! 3 ] (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: Jodi can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ann knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Irene does not know whether Gladys is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Nancy is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(3) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Irene can now know that Irene is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Janet does not know whether Elizabeth is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Janet can now know that Elizabeth is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Ashley's card is shown to Jennifer. Jennifer's card is shown to Ashley. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jennifer does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ashley can now know whether Jennifer can know whether Jennifer picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mabel can now know whether Jacqueline can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ruth knows whether Catherine's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Keith can now know that David can know that Ruth's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Robert's card is shown to Richard. Craig's card is shown to Richard. Robert's card is shown to Craig. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Richard can now know whether Robert can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Aubrey does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Carly can now know that Aubrey can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Tiffany's card is shown to Tiffany. Jean's card is shown to Tiffany. David's card is shown to David. Harriett's card is shown to David. David's card is shown to Jean. Jean's card is shown to Harriett. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Tiffany can now know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Noemi's card is shown to Josephine. Ivan's card is shown to Noemi. Jacqueline's card is shown to Ivan. Ivan's card is shown to Jacqueline. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Ivan does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Josephine does not know whether Josephine picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jacqueline can now know that Ivan can know whether Noemi picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rachel's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mabel can now know whether Rachel can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dolores does not know whether Annie is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dolores can now know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Kathleen's card is shown to Robert. Jeremy's card is shown to Jeremy. Marcus's card is shown to Jeremy. Marcus's card is shown to Kathleen. Robert's card is shown to Marcus. Jeremy's card is shown to Marcus. Kathleen's card is shown to Marcus. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether Jeremy can know that Robert picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Sadie's card is shown to Sadie. Sadie's card is shown to Jacob. Jacob's card is shown to Jacob. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Sadie knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jacob can now know whether Sadie can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Harold knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Briana can now know whether June can know whether Harold is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Brittney's card is shown to Brittney. Nicolas's card is shown to Kimberly. Kimberly's card is shown to Naomi. Brittney's card is shown to Nicolas. Kimberly's card is shown to Nicolas. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Naomi knows whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:4 Agentc:2 Agentd:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:4 Agentc:2 Agentd:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brittney can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Barbara's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Janet can now know that Eileen can know that Barbara's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Wade's card is shown to Wade. Carl's card is shown to Wade. Carl's card is shown to Carl. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Carl does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Carl does not know whether Wade picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1|2) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Wade can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Elizabeth's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Harry knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agentd knows whether (Agenta knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Harry can now know whether Eleanore can know whether Eleanore's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Desiree's card is shown to Desiree. Desiree's card is shown to Angie. Julio's card is shown to Angie. Julio's card is shown to Julio. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Julio can now know that Angie can know whether Angie picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Brent does not know whether Leopoldo is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Leopoldo does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Leopoldo can now know whether Brent can know that Brent is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Valerie's card is shown to Heidi. Heidi's card is shown to Valerie. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Heidi does not know whether Heidi picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Heidi can now know whether Valerie can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gary knows whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Laticia knows whether Gary is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jeffery can now know whether Laticia can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lisa knows whether Lisa's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ralph can now know that Lisa can know whether Lisa's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Brian's card is shown to Tony. Tony's card is shown to Brian. Jeremy's card is shown to Brian. Tony's card is shown to Jeremy. Brian's card is shown to Jeremy. Jeremy's card is shown to Boyd. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Boyd knows whether or not nobody picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brian can now know that Jeremy can know whether Boyd picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dianne knows whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dianne knows whether Jaclyn is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1|2) ] (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dianne can now know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Joann's card is shown to Helen. Linda's card is shown to Anita. Helen's card is shown to Joann. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

Hypothesis: Anita can now know that Linda picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Josh's card is shown to Dominick. Dominick's card is shown to Josh. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Josh does not know whether Josh picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Josh can now know that Josh picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lonnie does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentd knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Fredrick can now know whether Fredrick's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gary knows whether Randall's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: George can now know that Gary's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Mark's card is shown to Shella. Mark's card is shown to Mark. Maria's card is shown to Maria. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mark does not know whether Lori picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lori can now know whether Shella can know that Maria picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Michael's card is shown to Michael. Hazel's card is shown to Eileen. Tyree's card is shown to Hazel. Eileen's card is shown to Tyree. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Hazel can now know that Tyree can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Kelly's card is shown to Kelly. Joseph's card is shown to Kelly. Isidro's card is shown to Kelly. Isidro's card is shown to Joseph. Kelly's card is shown to Isidro. Isidro's card is shown to Isidro. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kelly can now know whether Isidro can know whether Isidro picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Rita knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

Hypothesis: Susan can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jean knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Alfred's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! 1 ] (Agenta knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Alfred can now know whether Alfred's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Andrew does not know whether Sondra is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Harold knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: William can now know that William is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Sonja's card is shown to Jack. Chris's card is shown to Donald. Jack's card is shown to Sonja. Jack's card is shown to Chris. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:4 Agentc:1 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:4 Agentc:1 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Chris can now know that Donald can know whether Donald picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Rachael does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Michael does not know whether Jorge is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Rachael can now know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that John knows whether John's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Stephen can now know whether John's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lois does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lois can now know that Jerry is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marie is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that David does not know whether Barbara is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agentd knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Marie can now know whether Elaine is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bob knows whether Sandy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Cecilia can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Henry's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jennie's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Henry knows whether Jennie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jennie can now know whether Henry's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Diane can now know that Julie can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lloyd does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Oscar knows whether Oscar is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lloyd does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Angelo can now know whether Lloyd can know that Oscar is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Henry does not know whether Henry's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know whether James's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Joann knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Tammy can now know that Joann can know that Amy is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Vivian's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Vivian can now know whether Ronnie can know that Ronnie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that William knows whether Tamara is thirsty. It is publicly announced that William knows whether Tamara is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Tamara knows whether William is thirsty. It is publicly announced that William knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Tamara can now know that William can know that William is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Melvin knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Yvonne can now know that Shameka can know that Melvin's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Louise's card is shown to Louise. Rosie's card is shown to Louise. Louise's card is shown to Rosie. Rosie's card is shown to Rosie. Imogene's card is shown to Rosie. Rosie's card is shown to Imogene. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Louise can now know whether Imogene can know whether Louise picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Roger's card is shown to Lana. Carolyn's card is shown to Lana. Gerry's card is shown to Lana. Lana's card is shown to Carolyn. Carolyn's card is shown to Carolyn. Carolyn's card is shown to Gerry. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Roger can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Nellie's card is shown to Nellie. Armand's card is shown to Nellie. Antonio's card is shown to Nellie. Antonio's card is shown to Armand. Nellie's card is shown to Antonio. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:3 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Antonio can now know that Armand can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sonia does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Debbie can now know whether Jeffrey can know that Jeffrey's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nancy knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Larry can now know that Nancy can know that Nancy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Art does not know whether David is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Santiago knows whether Santiago is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: David can now know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ricardo knows whether Tim's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Tim can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Edgar knows whether Manuel's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Edgar knows whether Manuel's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Stephen can now know that Thomas can know that Edgar's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ira does not know whether Mary is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ira can now know whether Mary can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that David knows whether David is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert does not know whether David is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eddie can now know that Robert can know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Joseph's card is shown to Joan. Betty's card is shown to Robert. Joseph's card is shown to Betty. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Joseph knows whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:4 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:4 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joan can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Kristi's card is shown to Kristi. Donna's card is shown to Kristi. Kristi's card is shown to Donna. Donna's card is shown to Donna. Zachary's card is shown to Donna. Kristi's card is shown to Zachary. Zachary's card is shown to Zachary. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Donna can now know whether Kristi can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Margaret's card is shown to Stacey. Margaret's card is shown to Margaret. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Margaret can now know whether Stacey can know that Stacey picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Linda's card is shown to Angela. Maria's card is shown to Angela. Angela's card is shown to Linda. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Angela does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Angela knows whether or not nobody picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Angela can now know that Maria picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Horace knows whether Horace's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Horace's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! 1 ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Horace can now know that Mark can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marlon does not know whether William is thirsty. It is publicly announced that William knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: William can now know that Marlon is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Raymond does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dayna knows whether Raymond is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Cecil does not know whether Dayna is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Raymond can now know that Dayna can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Erma knows whether James's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether Erma's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know whether Erma can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Victoria's card is shown to Victoria. Lourdes's card is shown to Barbara. Victoria's card is shown to Jenny. Jenny's card is shown to Jenny. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:4 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:4 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Victoria can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Clarence is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] 0

Hypothesis: Clarence can now know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Teddy's card is shown to Ronald. John's card is shown to Evelyn. Ronald's card is shown to John. Evelyn's card is shown to John. John's card is shown to John. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:4 Agentc:2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:4 Agentc:2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Teddy can now know that Evelyn can know that Teddy picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kenneth knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Phyllis's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Kenneth can now know that Annette's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Irvin knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentc knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Adam can now know that Irvin is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Donna's card is shown to Teresa. Donna's card is shown to Donna. Betty's card is shown to Betty. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Betty knows whether Betty picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Donna picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Donna can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Cedric does not know whether Cedric's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Karen does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eric can now know whether Cedric can know whether Cedric's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Vito knows whether Gwendolyn's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Vito knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jason can now know that Gwendolyn can know that Vito's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ronnie knows whether or not nobody is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Helen does not know whether Ronnie is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ronnie is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jake does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! 4 ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! 4 ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ronnie can now know that Helen can know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ada knows whether Ada's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ada can now know that Jonathan can know that Sherry's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that George knows whether Lorene's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Jonathan can now know that Christina's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Charles can now know whether Alfredo can know whether John's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Barbara's card is shown to Barbara. Paula's card is shown to Barbara. Barbara's card is shown to Tameka. Paula's card is shown to Tameka. Barbara's card is shown to Paula. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Barbara can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Janet knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Raymond can now know that Raymond is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ruth knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Scott does not know whether Scott's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ivory can now know whether Ruth can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Alice's card is shown to Alice. Kim's card is shown to Alice. Ashley's card is shown to Alice. Alice's card is shown to Kim. Ashley's card is shown to Ashley. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Alice can now know that Ashley can know whether Kim picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Daren does not know whether Timothy is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Shanell knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Daren can now know whether Timothy can know that Shanell is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Emerson does not know whether Emerson's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ryan knows whether Ryan's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Emerson can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dorothy does not know whether Darla is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether Darla is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nancy knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] Agentd knows whether (Agenta knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Karen can now know whether Ernest can know whether Ernest's forehead is muddy.