Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Bonnie's card is shown to Franklin. Corey's card is shown to Bonnie. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bonnie can now know that Corey picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Willie knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Aaron can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Constance can now know that Matthew can know that Jerry's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Heather is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Heather is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Hazel does not know whether Cheri is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentc knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Heather can now know whether Viola can know that Heather is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Brian knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Thomas can now know whether Ernesto can know that Thomas is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jean knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (1&2) ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (1&2) ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Derrick knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (1|2))

Hypothesis: Marie can now know whether Derrick can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Darrell's card is shown to Jeremy. Jeremy's card is shown to Darrell. Christina's card is shown to Darrell. Darrell's card is shown to Christina. Gonzalo's card is shown to Christina. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Darrell can now know whether Gonzalo picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nancy knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nancy can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] (Agentd knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Donald can now know that Donald is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Bridget is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ian does not know whether James is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know whether Bridget can know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Troy does not know whether Leo is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Leo does not know whether Thelma is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Thelma can now know that Sara can know whether Leo is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Constance's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bernadine knows whether Constance's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Constance can now know that Margaret can know that Bernadine's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ashley knows whether Frank's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Frank does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ashley can now know whether Ashley's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ralph knows whether Ralph is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Leon does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Donald can now know that Ralph can know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lisa does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Darleen can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Chelsea knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ralph does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ralph's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! 2 ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Ralph can now know that Chelsea can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kristen is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Clarence does not know whether Richard is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joseph can now know that Kristen can know whether Kristen is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Valarie's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bianca can now know that Valarie can know that Valarie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Sherry's card is shown to Ora. Ora's card is shown to Cesar. Dorothy's card is shown to Cesar. Ora's card is shown to Dorothy. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,4 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,4 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sherry can now know whether Cesar can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dorothy knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Dorothy can now know that Timothy can know that Mark is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tessa knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tessa knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Tessa can now know whether Christine can know that Tessa's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Christopher knows whether Melissa's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Melissa can now know whether Christopher can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Chi can now know that Chi's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael does not know whether Michael's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know that Bobbie can know whether Bobbie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Daniel does not know whether Monica is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Marcia can now know that Jennifer can know that Marcia is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that James knows whether James is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sherrie can now know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Francis knows whether James's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1|2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: James can now know that Francis can know that Francis's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christie does not know whether Francis is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christie is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ruth knows whether Christie is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Francis can now know that Sheena can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Cari's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: James can now know that Jacqui can know whether Charis's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Velma can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Shirley's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Raymond's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! 1 ] (Agentb knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Shirley can now know that Shirley's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ward is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ward can now know that Kent can know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Richard knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Emily knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether Emily's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] (Agentd knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Emily can now know that Richard's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Edward's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Edward knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gerardo knows whether Conrad's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robert does not know whether Robert's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Conrad can now know that Robert can know that Conrad's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: David can now know whether Alan can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Margaret knows whether Margaret is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: William can now know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jason knows whether Michael's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jason can now know that Helena can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). William's card is shown to Sabina. Rene's card is shown to Rene. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: William can now know whether Sabina can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Angela's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Casey can now know that Amanda can know that Casey's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Craig knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Craig can now know whether Albert can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jean's card is shown to Marjorie. Marjorie's card is shown to Jean. Jean's card is shown to Jean. Marjorie's card is shown to Elizabeth. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jean can now know whether Marjorie can know whether Elizabeth picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sara's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

Hypothesis: Mary can now know whether Sara can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that William knows whether Earl's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that William's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Willis can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Christopher's card is shown to Wendy. Jennifer's card is shown to Wendy. Mary's card is shown to Christopher. Christopher's card is shown to Mary. Jennifer's card is shown to Mary. Christopher's card is shown to Jennifer. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jennifer does not know whether Mary picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Christopher knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 Agentb:3 Agentc:2,4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 Agentb:3 Agentc:2,4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Wendy can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Dorothy's card is shown to Dorothy. Yvonne's card is shown to Dorothy. Dorothy's card is shown to Yvonne. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Yvonne does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Yvonne can now know that Dorothy can know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Germaine can now know that Stephen can know whether Germaine is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Denice's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Denice can now know whether Harold can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tina knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Heriberto knows whether Joseph's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agentd knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Tina can now know that Joseph's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Craig's card is shown to Craig. Clifton's card is shown to Craig. Suzi's card is shown to Craig. Timothy's card is shown to Clifton. Timothy's card is shown to Suzi. Suzi's card is shown to Suzi. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,4 Agentb:3 Agentc:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,4 Agentb:3 Agentc:3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Clifton can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kenneth knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kenneth knows whether Walter's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kenneth's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Walter can now know whether Kenneth can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nelson knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Melissa can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that John's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jamie does not know whether Jamie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Shirley can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Lillian's card is shown to Beatrice. Patsy's card is shown to Patsy. Beatrice's card is shown to Lillian. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Lillian does not know whether Lillian picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Beatrice can now know that Lillian picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jacob knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Andrea can now know whether Jacob can know whether Jacob is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Claudia does not know whether Claudia's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Leonard can now know whether David can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Leo does not know whether Marie is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Leo does not know whether Katherine is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Marie is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Katherine does not know whether Leo is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Leo can now know whether Katherine can know that Katherine is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Benito's card is shown to Anita. Joshua's card is shown to John. Joshua's card is shown to Joshua. Anita's card is shown to Benito. John's card is shown to Benito. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Joshua does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 Agentd:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:3 Agentc:3 Agentd:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Benito can now know that Joshua can know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Randall knows whether Randall is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Barbara knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Clare can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mary does not know whether Elwood is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Colin can now know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Renee does not know whether Shannon is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Renee does not know whether Paul is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Renee can now know that Shannon can know that Shannon is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Charles does not know whether Charles's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Charles's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Rodney can now know that Gracie can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Jefferson can now know that Carlos can know that Diane's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Mary's card is shown to Mary. Mary's card is shown to Robert. Robert's card is shown to Shannon. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether Shannon can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Wendell knows whether Carlos is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Wendell can now know that Carlos is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that John's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Noel can now know whether Noel's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sheila's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: James can now know whether Sheila can know whether Martin's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Katharine knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentd knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Catherine can now know that Terry's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Michael can now know that Robert can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Raymond's card is shown to Donald. Raymond's card is shown to Raymond. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Donald can now know whether Alexis picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jeffrey's card is shown to John. John's card is shown to Jeffrey. John's card is shown to Doris. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Doris can now know that Jeffrey can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Margaret does not know whether Margaret's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Leonora knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Leonora can now know that Margaret's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Arlene knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bryan knows whether Bryan's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Arlene knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bryan can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Danny's card is shown to Danny. Janice's card is shown to Danny. Danny's card is shown to Carolyn. Carolyn's card is shown to Carolyn. Danny's card is shown to Mario. Danny's card is shown to Janice. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:1 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,4 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:1 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mario can now know whether Danny can know whether Mario picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Teresa's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] (Agentc knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Teresa can now know whether Debra's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Cecilia does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Cecilia does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Cecilia does not know whether Marty is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Cecilia knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Cecilia can now know that Cecilia is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Cecil does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert does not know whether Nancy is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Nancy knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nancy can now know that Nancy is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nancy knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Angel knows whether Nancy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nancy can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Danielle knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Danielle does not know whether Danielle's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carrie can now know that Carrie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christina knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Daniel does not know whether Terry is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] (Agenta knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christina can now know whether Terry is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Samantha's card is shown to Dan. John's card is shown to Janet. Samantha's card is shown to Samantha. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dan can now know that Samantha can know that John picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Harold can now know that Leslie can know whether Leslie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nicole knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Clinton does not know whether Clinton's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Clifford can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jana's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Linda can now know that Christina can know that Jana's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Jorge can now know that Rosa can know that Katherine's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Simone knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Rosa can now know that Rosa is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lawrence's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Timothy knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] (Agentd knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Teresita can now know that Lawrence's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Taylor's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! 3 ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Elsie can now know whether David can know whether David's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Geraldine knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Debbi can now know that Noelle can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dante does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dante does not know whether Barbara is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Eula knows whether Eula is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dante can now know whether Barbara can know that Barbara is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Imelda's card is shown to Jacques. Imelda's card is shown to Imelda. Jesus's card is shown to Imelda. Imelda's card is shown to Jesus. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3,4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:3,4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jacques can now know that someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Paulette's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Barry can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Aaron knows whether Aaron is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mai can now know that Aaron is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). William's card is shown to Juliette. Juliette's card is shown to Marie. Marie's card is shown to William. Joseph's card is shown to William. William's card is shown to Joseph. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Marie knows whether Juliette picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1 Agentc:2,4 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1 Agentc:2,4 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Juliette can now know that Marie picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dian knows whether Dian's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dian can now know that Dian's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Irene knows whether Irene's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Irene's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Irene can now know that Thomas can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Connie's card is shown to Connie. Barbara's card is shown to Connie. Connie's card is shown to Barbara. Barbara's card is shown to Barbara. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Connie knows whether or not nobody picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Irvin can now know that Connie can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Kim's card is shown to Kim. Renee's card is shown to Kim. Kim's card is shown to Renee. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Renee can now know that Kim can know whether Renee picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that William does not know whether Hue is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Hue knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Charles can now know that Hue is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Andrea does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Andrea can now know whether Charlene is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Melvin does not know whether Galen is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alan does not know whether Melvin is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alan knows whether or not nobody is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Galen does not know whether Donald is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Alan can now know whether Galen is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Todd can now know that Charles can know whether Christopher's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Leslie's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Marion can now know that Leslie can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Micheline knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2|3))

Hypothesis: Imelda can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Brooke's card is shown to Brooke. Robert's card is shown to Robert. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Brooke picked a black card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that Brooke can know whether Brooke picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Heidi knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Chris can now know that Heidi can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Sammie's card is shown to David. Tracy's card is shown to Sammie. John's card is shown to Sammie. Sammie's card is shown to Tracy. John's card is shown to John. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Tracy can now know whether David can know whether Sammie picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Colleen knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Colleen knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Colleen knows whether Colleen's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Stacy can now know whether Colleen's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ronald's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ronald can now know that Barbara can know whether Barbara's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] (Agentb knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Jamie can now know that Edna's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Elizabeth knows whether Candy's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Elizabeth knows whether Candy's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Candy can now know that Elizabeth can know that Elizabeth's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Johnetta's card is shown to Tammy. Lisa's card is shown to Tammy. Johnetta's card is shown to Johnetta. Lisa's card is shown to Johnetta. Lisa's card is shown to Lisa. Anna's card is shown to Lisa. Anna's card is shown to Anna. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card.

Hypothesis: Johnetta can now know whether Anna picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Cora knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Katherine knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Cora can now know that Katherine can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). John's card is shown to John. Christopher's card is shown to Christopher. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christopher can now know whether John can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Anna knows whether Helen's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Helen can now know that Helen's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Edna can now know that Michael can know that Edna's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Herbert does not know whether Arthur is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Christine does not know whether Theodore is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christine can now know that Herbert can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Yetta does not know whether Yetta's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Isidro's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! 4 ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! 4 ] 0

Hypothesis: Anthony can now know that Yetta can know that Yetta's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kimberly's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Vickie knows whether Kimberly's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 3) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Vickie can now know that Geraldine can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Francisco knows whether or not nobody is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Rose does not know whether Damon is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Rose can now know that Damon can know whether Rose is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Joseph does not know whether Terra is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Erik can now know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Keith does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Otha can now know whether Mary can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lonnie knows whether Michael's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael knows whether Michael's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lonnie knows whether Lonnie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lonnie can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jean knows whether Mary's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brian can now know that Jean can know that Mary's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Valorie does not know whether Lorraine is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lorraine does not know whether Fernando is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lester knows whether Lester is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lester can now know whether Fernando is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Gary's card is shown to Gary. Gary's card is shown to Valerie. Melvin's card is shown to Helen. Gary's card is shown to Melvin. Helen's card is shown to Melvin. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Helen does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Gary picked a black card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:4 Agentd:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(1) ] (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:4 Agentd:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Helen can now know that Valerie picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Shalon's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Kenneth does not know whether Kenneth's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kenneth knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kenneth can now know that Shalon can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Anthony's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] (Agentd knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Anthony can now know that Robert's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ethel's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Diane can now know that Ethel can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: James can now know that George can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Eva knows whether Eva's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Travis can now know that Danny's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ruth knows whether Donald's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ruth can now know that Donald can know whether Donald's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Wilma does not know whether Wilma's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentd knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gertie can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Frances does not know whether Carmel is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Carmel can now know that Lori can know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sandra knows whether Sandra's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Sandra can now know that Colleen can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Alana knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Rosemary can now know whether Samuel can know whether Samuel's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Bruce's card is shown to Bruce. Bruce's card is shown to Paul. Paul's card is shown to Paul. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

Hypothesis: Bruce can now know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dan knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dan can now know whether Kenneth can know that Marvin is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Dale's card is shown to Dale. Pablo's card is shown to Douglas. Dale's card is shown to Pablo. Pablo's card is shown to Pablo. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:3 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Douglas can now know whether Pablo can know whether Dale picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Frances's card is shown to Veronica. Frances's card is shown to Norman. Norman's card is shown to Len. Veronica's card is shown to Frances. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:4 Agentc:2 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:4 Agentc:2 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Veronica can now know whether Len picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ginger knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Diane can now know that Ginger can know whether Diane's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Arthur knows whether Patricia's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ivette's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agenta knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Arthur can now know that Arthur's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1|2|3))

Hypothesis: Eric can now know whether Anthony can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James knows whether Daniel's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Gerald can now know that James's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Anthony's card is shown to Anthony. John's card is shown to Anthony. Gregory's card is shown to Anthony. John's card is shown to Jose. Gregory's card is shown to Jose. John's card is shown to John. Gregory's card is shown to John. Anthony's card is shown to Gregory. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jose knows whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Gregory picked a black card. It is publicly announced that Anthony picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3,4 Agentb:3,4 Agentc:3,4 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! 1 ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Anthony can now know that John can know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Levi is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Regina does not know whether Katherine is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Katherine can now know that Regina can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Chad knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jeannette knows whether Greta's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jeannette can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Thomas's card is shown to Thomas. Thomas's card is shown to Joseph. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Thomas knows whether someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Joseph does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Thomas does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joseph can now know that Thomas picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dolores knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gregg knows whether Dolores is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dolores can now know that Gregg is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Colleen does not know whether Lila is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Colleen does not know whether Lila is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Colleen knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lila can now know whether Lila is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Phillip can now know whether Catherine can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Frances's card is shown to Royal. Royal's card is shown to Frances. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Royal does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Frances can now know whether Royal can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Thomas's card is shown to Orlando. Orlando's card is shown to Glen. Glen's card is shown to Glen. Jesus's card is shown to Glen. Thomas's card is shown to Glen. Glen's card is shown to Jesus. Orlando's card is shown to Thomas. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jesus does not know whether Orlando picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Orlando knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:2 Agentd:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Orlando can now know whether Glen can know that Glen picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kylie does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kylie can now know that Matthew can know that Matthew's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dallas knows whether Michael's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agentd knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Joesph can now know whether Michael can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mark knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Tricia is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 3 ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 3 ] 0

Hypothesis: Shana can now know that Tricia can know whether Shana is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mary does not know whether Colleen is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Mark does not know whether Mary is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know that Susan can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Harry knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Melanie's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Wm does not know whether Wm's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Harry can now know whether Wm can know that Wm's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gertrude does not know whether Joaquina is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gertrude can now know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Paula knows whether or not nobody is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Tim can now know that James is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Martin's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 1 ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

Hypothesis: Martin can now know that Jill can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael does not know whether Michael's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Thomas can now know whether Shelly can know that Thomas's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sophia knows whether Jill's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Terrence can now know that Sophia can know that Jill's forehead is muddy.