Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nancy knows whether Jerry's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nettie knows whether Nettie's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nettie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! 1 ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Nancy can now know that Beryl can know that Nancy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Susan's card is shown to Mable. Joseph's card is shown to Joseph. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mable knows whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mable knows whether someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mable can now know whether Joseph can know that Susan picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Katherine's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 4)

Hypothesis: Candice can now know that Katherine can know whether Angela's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Frederick's card is shown to Frederick. Miguel's card is shown to Miguel. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Miguel knows whether Miguel picked a red card. It is publicly announced that not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Miguel can now know that Frederick can know that Miguel picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Crystal knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Adelaide can now know that Victoria can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jerry knows whether Brian's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brian can now know that Jerry can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Fred knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Fred's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Fred knows whether Fred's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Fred can now know that Bulah can know that Fred's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Maria's card is shown to Vance. Maria's card is shown to Joseph. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Maria can now know whether Vance can know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Dave's card is shown to Alvin. Alvin's card is shown to Dave. Alvin's card is shown to Robert. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Dave knows whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Deborah's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Deborah knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(1) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Andrew can now know that Heather can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Christopher knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Albert knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Albert can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Florence does not know whether Robert is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Florence is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joseph can now know that Dorothy can know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jesse knows whether Jesse is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Thomas does not know whether William is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jesse can now know that William can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Daryl knows whether Christopher's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Daryl can now know that Christopher can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nelson knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kyle does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Nelson knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kyle can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bethany knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Bethany can now know that Melissa can know that Kelly's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Eric's card is shown to Ann. Maranda's card is shown to Ann. Ann's card is shown to Eric. Eric's card is shown to Eric. Maranda's card is shown to Maranda. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Eric does not know whether Maranda picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Eric picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Eric can now know whether or not nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Gregory does not know whether Nicki is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Gregory can now know whether Nicki can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that James is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that James is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that (~(1|2)))

Hypothesis: James can now know that Christopher can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Rose does not know whether Woodrow is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Dustin knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Rose does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Denise does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Woodrow can now know whether Dustin can know that Denise is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Maurice knows whether Melissa's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Melissa knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Melissa's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Maurice does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Melissa can now know whether Maurice can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jerry does not know whether Veronica is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Veronica can now know that Veronica is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sheila knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gregory's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(1) ] (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sheila can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

Hypothesis: David can now know that Christine's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Angie's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(4) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

Hypothesis: Victoria can now know that Dina can know that Dina's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jamie's card is shown to Jamie. Wayne's card is shown to Wayne. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jamie knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jamie does not know whether Wayne picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jamie can now know whether Wayne can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ruth knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Harvey can now know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Barry's card is shown to Ruben. Barry's card is shown to Ray. Ruben's card is shown to Dennis. Dennis's card is shown to Dennis. Barry's card is shown to Dennis. Ray's card is shown to Barry. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Ruben picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Ruben knows whether Ruben picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:4 Agentc:1,3,4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:4 Agentc:1,3,4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ruben can now know whether Dennis can know that Ruben picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentc knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Lisa can now know whether Patrick's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agenta knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Alberta can now know whether Ruby can know that Robert is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Harold does not know whether Joshua is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Harold can now know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Margaret does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Todd knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Margaret does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Margaret can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Daniel does not know whether Edward is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jackie does not know whether William is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Edward knows whether Edward is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Edward knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Daniel can now know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Donna does not know whether Donna's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Donna can now know whether Lynda's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Antoinette knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mathew can now know that Antoinette can know that Mathew is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jc does not know whether John is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lindsey does not know whether John is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lindsey knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Lindsey can now know whether Jc can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: Joyce can now know that Simon can know whether Michael is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Thomas knows whether Maureen's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Thomas can now know that Omar's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bertha knows whether Bertha's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Patricia's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Patricia can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Andres knows whether Tonia's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Tonia can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Joann does not know whether Billy is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Arnold does not know whether Joann is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joann can now know that Joann is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kimberly does not know whether Robert is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kimberly does not know whether Douglas is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Olivia does not know whether Robert is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kimberly can now know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Irene is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Terrence knows whether Terrence is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Terrence can now know whether Irene can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alma is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Beth is not thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alma does not know whether Jeremiah is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(2) ] [ ! ~(4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Beth can now know that William can know whether Alma is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Evelyn's card is shown to Evelyn. Martha's card is shown to Martha. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] (Agentb knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Martha can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Henry does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that William is thirsty. It is publicly announced that William knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] (Agenta knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Henry can now know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Valerie's card is shown to Valerie. Jody's card is shown to Bonnie. Jody's card is shown to Jody. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:4 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:4 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Darlene can now know whether Bonnie can know that nobody picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ralph knows whether Stephanie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 2) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Patty can now know that Stephanie can know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Raymond does not know whether Raymond's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jerry can now know that Raymond's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Deena does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Deena can now know that Anika can know that Dale is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Laura's card is shown to Laura. Barbara's card is shown to Cherie. Margaret's card is shown to Barbara. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Margaret can now know that Cherie picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert does not know whether Barbara is thirsty. It is publicly announced that David does not know whether Miguel is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether Barbara is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Arlene's card is shown to Joseph. Joseph's card is shown to Joseph. Ruth's card is shown to Ruth. Sherri's card is shown to Sherri. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:3 Agentc:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ruth can now know that Joseph picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Terry's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that (1|2|3))

Hypothesis: Fernando can now know that Terry can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Heather does not know whether Cyndy is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentd knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Cyndy can now know that Jean can know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Flora knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Bruce knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jean knows whether Bruce's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nadine can now know that Jean's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sarah's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Wayne can now know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Josephine's card is shown to Josephine. Christina's card is shown to Josephine. Christina's card is shown to Christina. Josephine's card is shown to Patrick. Patrick's card is shown to Patrick. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Christina does not know whether Josephine picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Christina knows whether Christina picked a red card. It is publicly announced that everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:2 Agentc:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (1&2&3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Josephine can now know that Christina can know that Patrick picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sarah knows whether Marguerite's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jose knows whether Marguerite's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Sarah can now know that Jose can know that Marguerite's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Phillip knows whether Donald's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Donald knows whether Tracy's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Donald does not know whether Donald's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Donald can now know whether Donald's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Theodore is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 1 ] [ ! (1|2) ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2))

Hypothesis: John can now know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ivette knows whether Ivette's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Ivette knows whether Ivette's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Ella can now know that Susan can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jeraldine does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jeraldine does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jeraldine can now know that Jeraldine's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Harold knows whether Harold is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Pat does not know whether Harold is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Blanche does not know whether Donald is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] Agentc knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 2) ] [ ! (~(1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Pat can now know that Harold can know that Harold is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Kenneth's card is shown to Kenneth. Lenora's card is shown to Lenora. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Kenneth does not know whether Nada picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nada can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dorothy knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dorothy knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentb knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Maria can now know that Dorothy's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jean's card is shown to Barbara. Jean's card is shown to Elliot. Barbara's card is shown to Patricia. Patricia's card is shown to Jean. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:4 Agentc:1 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:4 Agentc:1 Agentd:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Barbara can now know that Elliot can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] Agentb knows that (Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Steven can now know that Phyllis can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Bill knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Eddie does not know whether Robert is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know whether Bill is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Pam's card is shown to Pam. Pam's card is shown to Betsy. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Pam does not know whether Betsy picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Pam can now know whether Betsy can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Nancy is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Wayne is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] [ ! 1 ] (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] [ ! 1 ] 0

Hypothesis: Nellie can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Jana can now know that Jana's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether Richie is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Robert can now know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Johnna knows whether or not nobody is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] (Agentc knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Johnna can now know whether Joe is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sarah knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kathaleen knows whether Kathaleen's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Kathaleen can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tom does not know whether Tom's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tom knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tom does not know whether Tom's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentb knows that (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Anthony can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows whether (Agentc knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Christeen can now know whether Ronald can know that Ronald's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Brandon is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Agnes is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brandon can now know whether Agnes can know that Brandon is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Eric knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] (Agentb knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Louis can now know that Louis's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Nancy does not know whether Donald is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Reginald does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Nancy can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Harriet's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows that (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: William can now know that Mary can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gerardo does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2&3&4))

Hypothesis: Martha can now know that Raymond can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Eric's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Eric knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Elmer's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1|2)) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Eric can now know whether Elmer can know whether Eric's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Carolyn's card is shown to Karie. Kim's card is shown to Kim. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Kim can now know that Karie can know that Kim picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Anne knows whether Anne is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Richard does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Richard can now know whether Anne can know whether Anne is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Deborah does not know whether Cory is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Lisa is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! 2 ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: Lisa can now know that Deborah can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Darlene does not know whether Darlene's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Audrey does not know whether Audrey's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Audrey can now know that Darline can know whether Darlene's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Christine knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Christian can now know that Christine can know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Pauline does not know whether Al is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Al can now know whether Kelly can know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Derek's card is shown to Derek. Derek's card is shown to Bob. Derek's card is shown to Jeffrey. Bob's card is shown to Jeffrey. Jeffrey's card is shown to Jeffrey. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Derek can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Alyce's card is shown to Lois. Julia's card is shown to Lois. Lois's card is shown to Alyce. Julia's card is shown to Alyce. Jeffrey's card is shown to Alyce. Alyce's card is shown to Julia. Julia's card is shown to Julia. Jeffrey's card is shown to Julia. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Alyce can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that John is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] Agentd knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] 0

Hypothesis: Mavis can now know that Kelly can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Jim's card is shown to Jim. Richard's card is shown to Jim. David's card is shown to Jim. Richard's card is shown to Richard. Jim's card is shown to David. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:2 Agentc:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Richard can now know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Adan can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Irene's card is shown to Patricia. Irene's card is shown to Jacob. Beatrice's card is shown to Beatrice. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:4 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jacob can now know whether Patricia can know that Beatrice picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mary's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Kevin can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Laura knows whether Richard's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Leslie can now know whether Richard's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Gabriel does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows that 3)

Hypothesis: Barbara can now know whether Shirley can know that Janice's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Arnold is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentd knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know that Marjorie is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jenifer knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Margaret can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Adam's card is shown to Adam. Adam's card is shown to Fay. Fay's card is shown to Luis. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:1 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Luis can now know that Fay can know that Adam picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Randi knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Randi's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(1) ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Alexander can now know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Mary's card is shown to Calvin. Mary's card is shown to Mary. Herman's card is shown to Mary. Calvin's card is shown to Herman. Mary's card is shown to Herman. Herman's card is shown to Herman. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mary picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Mary does not know whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know whether Calvin can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Dorothy knows whether Darnell's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows that (1&2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Dorothy can now know that Darnell can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Alma knows whether someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Thomas does not know whether Alma is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Thomas is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Heather does not know whether Alma is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] (Agenta knows that 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Martina can now know that Heather is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). David's card is shown to David. Bryan's card is shown to David. David's card is shown to Bryan. Bryan's card is shown to Bryan. Jeffrey's card is shown to Bryan. Bryan's card is shown to Jeffrey. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Bryan can now know that David can know whether someone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Brian's card is shown to Brian. Esther's card is shown to Esther. James's card is shown to Jeffrey. Esther's card is shown to James. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentc knows whether (Agentd knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:4 Agentd:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jeffrey can now know whether James can know whether Brian picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Woodrow can now know that David can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Barbara can now know that Ross can know that Barbara is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Thomas knows whether or not nobody is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Thomas does not know whether Phillip is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Paul knows whether or not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Phillip knows whether Phillip is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Paul can now know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Marjorie does not know whether Marjorie's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1&2) ] (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! (1&2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Barbara can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Janice does not know whether Edith is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Paris does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] (Agentd knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Paris can now know that everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Roseline knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1|2|3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Roseline can now know whether Mark can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Margaret knows whether or not nobody is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Margaret is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Margaret can now know that David can know whether Margaret is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Vance knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mark can now know whether Vance can know that everyone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lawrence's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(3) ] (Agentd knows that 4)

Hypothesis: David can now know that David's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kamala does not know whether Maria is thirsty. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Kamala does not know whether Johnny is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Annie does not know whether Maria is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] (Agentd knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 4) ] [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Maria can now know whether Maria is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Jesse knows whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows whether (1|2|3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jesse can now know that Terrell can know whether someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Peter does not know whether Francisco is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] Agentd knows that (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Peter can now know that Whitney can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Nina's card is shown to Earline. Earline's card is shown to Ryan. Nina's card is shown to Nina. Ryan's card is shown to Natalie. Nina's card is shown to Natalie. Natalie's card is shown to Natalie. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1 Agentc:3 Agentd:2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentd knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1 Agentc:3 Agentd:2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Natalie can now know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mary can now know that Clara can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Robert's card is shown to Robert. Kimberly's card is shown to Robert. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Evelyn does not know whether Evelyn picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Evelyn does not know whether Mary picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Evelyn can now know that Evelyn picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Albert's card is shown to Albert. Joseph's card is shown to Joseph. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Albert knows whether or not nobody picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Joseph does not know whether Albert picked a red card.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows whether (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joseph can now know whether Albert can know that Albert picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that George knows whether John's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows whether (1|2))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know that George can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Harry's card is shown to Jami. Sophie's card is shown to Jami. Jami's card is shown to Harry. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Harry does not know whether Harry picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Jami knows whether or not nobody picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] (Agenta knows whether 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (~(1|2|3))) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jami can now know whether Jami picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Elizabeth's card is shown to Maureen. Maureen's card is shown to Regenia. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Regenia knows whether Maureen picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] (Agenta knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Maureen can now know that Elizabeth picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Irma's card is shown to Gary. George's card is shown to George. Irma's card is shown to Anthony. Irma's card is shown to Irma. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Anthony does not know whether Anthony picked a red card. It is publicly announced that George picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:2 Agentc:4 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:2 Agentc:4 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] 0

Hypothesis: George can now know whether or not everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Peggy knows whether someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mary knows whether Mary's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] (Agentc knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Peggy can now know that Mary's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Debrah's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 3 ] (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3)))

Hypothesis: Debrah can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Leonel's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Angelo knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kent knows whether Leonel's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] (Agenta knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Angelo can now know that nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jesus knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jesus can now know that Jesus's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Josephine's card is shown to Janice. Janice's card is shown to Anne. Janice's card is shown to Josephine. Deloris's card is shown to Josephine. Anne's card is shown to Josephine. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentb knows whether 4)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:4 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Deloris can now know whether Josephine picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sandra knows whether Geraldine's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Tiffany's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (1&2&3&4) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agentd knows whether 3)

Hypothesis: Donald can now know whether Geraldine's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Lucille knows whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Brandon's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2)))

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2 Agentb:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2))) ] [ ! ~(1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Brandon can now know whether Lucille can know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Erin is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Robert does not know whether Jeffrey is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Selina knows whether or not nobody is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Selina is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(3) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentb knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 4 ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (~(1|2|3|4))) ] [ ! ~(3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Jeffrey can now know whether Robert can know that Jeffrey is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Earl knows whether Julia's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Earl can now know that Earl's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Toni's card is shown to Toni. John's card is shown to Toni. Toni's card is shown to Luz. Toni's card is shown to John. Luz's card is shown to John. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Toni does not know whether Luz picked a red card. It is publicly announced that Luz knows whether or not everyone picked a red card. It is publicly announced that John knows whether or not everyone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,3 Agentb:1 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Luz can now know that John can know whether Luz picked a red card.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that everyone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1&2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Quentin can now know that Ramon can know that Ramon's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Arvilla's card is shown to Jose. Lindsey's card is shown to Jose. Gerald's card is shown to Gerald. Lindsey's card is shown to Gerald. Gerald's card is shown to Arvilla. Lindsey's card is shown to Arvilla. Gerald's card is shown to Lindsey. Lindsey's card is shown to Lindsey. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3,4 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:2,4 Agentd:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3,4 Agentb:2,4 Agentc:2,4 Agentd:2,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Arvilla can now know that Arvilla picked a red card.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] (Agentc knows that (1|2|3|4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: John can now know that someone is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Annice's forehead is not muddy. It is publicly announced that Claudia knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Claudia can now know whether or not nobody's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] [ ! (~(1&2)) ] Agenta knows that (Agentb knows whether (~(1|2)))

Hypothesis: Sterling can now know that Terrance can know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Linda knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Omar's forehead is not muddy.

Hypothesis: Omar can now know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that David's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Jaclyn knows whether someone's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! 3 ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentc knows whether 1)

Hypothesis: Susan can now know whether David can know whether Susan's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sarah knows whether Stanley's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] 0

Hypothesis: Stanley can now know whether Maria can know that Stanley's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Anthony does not know whether Freddy is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Freddy knows whether someone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] (Agentd knows whether (~(1|2|3|4)))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Walter can now know whether or not nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. Each person draws a card, face unrevealed (red or black). Betty's card is shown to Mary. Arthur's card is shown to Mary. Mary's card is shown to Jason. Jason's card is shown to Jason. Betty's card is shown to Jason. Betty's card is shown to Betty. Mary's card is shown to Arthur. Betty's card is shown to Arthur. It is publicly announced that someone picked a red card.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3,4 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:3 Agentd:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] Agentd knows that (Agentc knows that (1&2&3&4))

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:3,4 Agentb:1,2,3 Agentc:3 Agentd:1,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Arthur can now know that Betty can know that everyone picked a red card.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mary's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(3) ] (Agentc knows that (1|2|3))

Hypothesis: Mary can now know that someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Shelley does not know whether Joshua is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] Agenta knows that (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] 0

Hypothesis: Shelley can now know that Joshua can know whether or not everyone is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Joseph does not know whether Oscar is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Elizabeth is not thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] (Agenta knows that 1)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Joseph can now know that Joseph is thirsty.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Odell does not know whether or not everyone is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that (~(1|2|3)))

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! ~(Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] 0

Hypothesis: Odell can now know that Emily can know that nobody is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kevin does not know whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Margaret knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Kevin does not know whether Kevin's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] Agenta knows whether (Agentd knows that 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! (Agentb knows whether (1&2&3&4)) ] [ ! ~(Agentd knows whether 4) ] 0

Hypothesis: Rose can now know whether Kevin can know that Kristi's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Brenda does not know whether Ethel is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Brenda does not know whether Lisa is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Ethel does not know whether Martha is thirsty. It is publicly announced that Martha is thirsty.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] [ ! 4 ] (Agentc knows whether 3)

VARS 0,1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1 Agentb:2 Agentc:3 Agentd:4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 2) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 3) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 4) ] [ ! 4 ] 0

Hypothesis: Lisa can now know whether Lisa is thirsty.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Randall knows whether Stephanie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 1) ] Agentb knows that (Agentc knows whether (1|2|3|4))

Hypothesis: Brian can now know that Freida can know whether someone's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that James does not know whether James's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Philip's forehead is not muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3,4 Agentb:1,3,4 Agentc:1,2,4 Agentd:1,2,3 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! ~(Agenta knows whether 1) ] [ ! ~(4) ] (Agentc knows that 2)

Hypothesis: Richard can now know that Vivian's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are two persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Pam's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2 Agentb:1 VALID? [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! (1|2) ] [ ! 2 ] (Agenta knows whether 2)

Hypothesis: John can now know whether Pam's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Michael knows whether Christopher's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3,4 LAW Top OBS Agenta:1,2,3,4 Agentb:1,2,3,4 Agentc:1,2,3,4 Agentd:1,2,3,4 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3|4) ] [ ! (Agentd knows whether 1) ] Agentc knows that (Agentb knows that 4)

Hypothesis: Maria can now know that Shana can know that Michael's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are three persons. Everyone is visible to others. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sidney knows whether Veronica's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Sidney knows whether or not everyone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that Mamie does not know whether Mamie's forehead is muddy.

VARS 1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] Agentb knows that (Agenta knows that 2)

VARS 0,1,2,3 LAW Top OBS Agenta:2,3 Agentb:1,3 Agentc:1,2 VALID? [ ! (1|2|3) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether 1) ] [ ! (Agentc knows whether (1&2&3)) ] [ ! ~(Agentb knows whether 2) ] 0

Hypothesis: Mamie can now know that Veronica can know that Mamie's forehead is muddy.


Premise: There are four persons. Everyone is visible to others. There is a mirror in the room. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy. It is publicly announced that someone's forehead is muddy.

Hypothesis: Johnny can now know whether Christy can know that nobody's forehead is muddy.