Question: Who is Henry I Of England's paternal grandfather?

Knowledge 1: Henry I of England
Henry I (c. 1068 – 1 December 1135), also known as Henry Beauclerc, was King of England from 1100 to his death in 1135.He was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and was educated in Latin and the liberal arts.On William's death in 1087, Henry's elder brothers Robert Curthose and William Rufus inherited Normandy and England, respectively, but Henry was left landless.He purchased the County of Cotentin in western Normandy from Robert, but his brothers deposed him in 1091.He gradually rebuilt his power base in the Cotentin and allied himself with William against Robert.Present at the place where his brother William died in a hunting accident in 1100, Henry seized the English throne, promising at his coronation to correct many of William's less popular policies.He married Matilda of Scotland and they had two surviving children, William Adelin and Empress Matilda; he also had many illegitimate children by his many mistresses.Robert, who invaded in 1101, disputed Henry's control of England; this military campaign ended in a negotiated settlement that confirmed Henry as king.The peace was short-lived, and Henry invaded the Duchy of Normandy in 1105 and 1106, finally defeating Robert at the Battle of Tinchebray.Henry kept Robert imprisoned for the rest of his life.Henry's control of Normandy was challenged by Louis VI of France, Baldwin VII of Flanders and Fulk V of Anjou, who promoted the rival claims of Robert's son, William Clito, and supported a major rebellion in the Duchy between 1116 and 1119.Following Henry's victory at the Battle of Brémule, a favourable peace settlement was agreed with Louis in 1120.Considered by contemporaries to be a harsh but effective ruler, Henry skilfully manipulated the barons in England and Normandy.In England, he drew on the existing Anglo-Saxon system of justice, local government and taxation, but also strengthened it with additional institutions, including the royal exchequer and itinerant justices.Normandy was also governed through a growing system of justices and an exchequer.Many of the officials who ran Henry's system were "new men" of obscure backgrounds rather than from families of high status, who rose through the ranks as administrators.Henry encouraged ecclesiastical reform, but became embroiled in a serious dispute in 1101 with Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury, which was resolved through a compromise solution in 1105.He supported the Cluniac order and played a major role in the selection of the senior clergy in England and Normandy.Henry's son William drowned in the "White Ship" disaster of 1120, throwing the royal succession into doubt.Henry took a second wife, Adeliza of Louvain, in the hope of having another son, but their marriage was childless.In response to this, he declared his daughter Matilda his heir and married her to Geoffrey of Anjou.The relationship between Henry and the couple became strained, and fighting broke out along the border with Anjou.Henry died on 1 December 1135 after a week of illness.Despite his plans for Matilda, the King was succeeded by his nephew, Stephen of Blois, resulting in a period of civil war known as the Anarchy. [SEP] Knowledge 2: William the Conqueror
William I (c. 1028 – 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman King of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087.He was a descendant of Rollo and was Duke of Normandy from 1035 onward.His hold was secure on Normandy by 1060, following a long struggle to establish his throne, and he launched the Norman conquest of England six years later.The rest of his life was marked by struggles to consolidate his hold over England and his continental lands and by difficulties with his eldest son, Robert Curthose.William was the son of the unmarried Robert I, Duke of Normandy, by his mistress Herleva.His illegitimate status and his youth caused some difficulties for him after he succeeded his father, as did the anarchy which plagued the first years of his rule.During his childhood and adolescence, members of the Norman aristocracy battled each other, both for control of the child duke and for their own ends.In 1047, William was able to quash a rebellion and begin to establish his authority over the duchy, a process that was not complete until about 1060.His marriage in the 1050s to Matilda of Flanders provided him with a powerful ally in the neighbouring county of Flanders.By the time of his marriage, William was able to arrange the appointment of his supporters as bishops and abbots in the Norman church.His consolidation of power allowed him to expand his horizons, and he secured control of the neighbouring county of Maine by 1062.In the 1050s and early 1060s, William became a contender for the throne of England held by the childlessEdward the Confessor, his first cousin once removed.There were other potential claimants, including the powerful English earl Harold Godwinson whom Edward named as king on his deathbed in January 1066.Arguing that Edward had previously promised the throne to him and that Harold had sworn to support his claim, William built a large fleet and invaded England in September 1066.He decisively defeated and killed Harold at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066.After further military efforts, William was crowned king on Christmas Day 1066 in London.He made arrangements for the governance of England in early 1067 before returning to Normandy.Several unsuccessful rebellions followed, but William's hold was mostly secure on England by 1075, allowing him to spend the majority of his reign on the continent.William's final years were marked by difficulties in his continental domains, troubles with his son Robert, and threatened invasions of England by the Danes.In 1086, he ordered the compilation of the "Domesday Book", a survey listing all the land-holdings in England along with their pre-Conquest and current holders.He died in September 1087 while leading a campaign in northern France, and was buried in Caen.His reign in England was marked by the construction of castles, settling a new Norman nobility on the land, and change in the composition of the English clergy.He did not try to integrate his various domains into one empire but continued to administer each part separately.His lands were divided after his death: Normandy went to Robert, and England went to his second surviving son William.
Knowledge 1: Henry I of England
Henry I (c. 1068 – 1 December 1135), also known as Henry Beauclerc, was King of England from 1100 to his death in 1135.He was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and was educated in Latin and the liberal arts.On William's death in 1087, Henry's elder brothers Robert Curthose and William Rufus inherited Normandy and England, respectively, but Henry was left landless.He purchased the County of Cotentin in western Normandy from Robert, but his brothers deposed him in 1091.He gradually rebuilt his power base in the Cotentin and allied himself with William against Robert.Present at the place where his brother William died in a hunting accident in 1100, Henry seized the English throne, promising at his coronation to correct many of William's less popular policies.He married Matilda of Scotland and they had two surviving children, William Adelin and Empress Matilda; he also had many illegitimate children by his many mistresses.Robert, who invaded in 1101, disputed Henry's control of England; this military campaign ended in a negotiated settlement that confirmed Henry as king.The peace was short-lived, and Henry invaded the Duchy of Normandy in 1105 and 1106, finally defeating Robert at the Battle of Tinchebray.Henry kept Robert imprisoned for the rest of his life.Henry's control of Normandy was challenged by Louis VI of France, Baldwin VII of Flanders and Fulk V of Anjou, who promoted the rival claims of Robert's son, William Clito, and supported a major rebellion in the Duchy between 1116 and 1119.Following Henry's victory at the Battle of Brémule, a favourable peace settlement was agreed with Louis in 1120.Considered by contemporaries to be a harsh but effective ruler, Henry skilfully manipulated the barons in England and Normandy.In England, he drew on the existing Anglo-Saxon system of justice, local government and taxation, but also strengthened it with additional institutions, including the royal exchequer and itinerant justices.Normandy was also governed through a growing system of justices and an exchequer.Many of the officials who ran Henry's system were "new men" of obscure backgrounds rather than from families of high status, who rose through the ranks as administrators.Henry encouraged ecclesiastical reform, but became embroiled in a serious dispute in 1101 with Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury, which was resolved through a compromise solution in 1105.He supported the Cluniac order and played a major role in the selection of the senior clergy in England and Normandy.Henry's son William drowned in the "White Ship" disaster of 1120, throwing the royal succession into doubt.Henry took a second wife, Adeliza of Louvain, in the hope of having another son, but their marriage was childless.In response to this, he declared his daughter Matilda his heir and married her to Geoffrey of Anjou.The relationship between Henry and the couple became strained, and fighting broke out along the border with Anjou.Henry died on 1 December 1135 after a week of illness.Despite his plans for Matilda, the King was succeeded by his nephew, Stephen of Blois, resulting in a period of civil war known as the Anarchy. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Maria of Bulgaria, Latin Empress
Maria of Bulgaria was the second Empress consort of Henry of Flanders, Latin Emperor of Constantinople.
Knowledge 1: Henry I of England
Henry I (c. 1068 – 1 December 1135), also known as Henry Beauclerc, was King of England from 1100 to his death in 1135.He was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and was educated in Latin and the liberal arts.On William's death in 1087, Henry's elder brothers Robert Curthose and William Rufus inherited Normandy and England, respectively, but Henry was left landless.He purchased the County of Cotentin in western Normandy from Robert, but his brothers deposed him in 1091.He gradually rebuilt his power base in the Cotentin and allied himself with William against Robert.Present at the place where his brother William died in a hunting accident in 1100, Henry seized the English throne, promising at his coronation to correct many of William's less popular policies.He married Matilda of Scotland and they had two surviving children, William Adelin and Empress Matilda; he also had many illegitimate children by his many mistresses.Robert, who invaded in 1101, disputed Henry's control of England; this military campaign ended in a negotiated settlement that confirmed Henry as king.The peace was short-lived, and Henry invaded the Duchy of Normandy in 1105 and 1106, finally defeating Robert at the Battle of Tinchebray.Henry kept Robert imprisoned for the rest of his life.Henry's control of Normandy was challenged by Louis VI of France, Baldwin VII of Flanders and Fulk V of Anjou, who promoted the rival claims of Robert's son, William Clito, and supported a major rebellion in the Duchy between 1116 and 1119.Following Henry's victory at the Battle of Brémule, a favourable peace settlement was agreed with Louis in 1120.Considered by contemporaries to be a harsh but effective ruler, Henry skilfully manipulated the barons in England and Normandy.In England, he drew on the existing Anglo-Saxon system of justice, local government and taxation, but also strengthened it with additional institutions, including the royal exchequer and itinerant justices.Normandy was also governed through a growing system of justices and an exchequer.Many of the officials who ran Henry's system were "new men" of obscure backgrounds rather than from families of high status, who rose through the ranks as administrators.Henry encouraged ecclesiastical reform, but became embroiled in a serious dispute in 1101 with Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury, which was resolved through a compromise solution in 1105.He supported the Cluniac order and played a major role in the selection of the senior clergy in England and Normandy.Henry's son William drowned in the "White Ship" disaster of 1120, throwing the royal succession into doubt.Henry took a second wife, Adeliza of Louvain, in the hope of having another son, but their marriage was childless.In response to this, he declared his daughter Matilda his heir and married her to Geoffrey of Anjou.The relationship between Henry and the couple became strained, and fighting broke out along the border with Anjou.Henry died on 1 December 1135 after a week of illness.Despite his plans for Matilda, the King was succeeded by his nephew, Stephen of Blois, resulting in a period of civil war known as the Anarchy. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Lyon Cohen
Lyon Cohen( 1868–1937) was a Polish- born Canadian businessman and a philanthropist.He was the grandfather of singer/ poet Leonard Cohen.

Answer: Robert I, Duke of Normandy