Question: Who is James Murdoch's paternal grandfather?

Knowledge 1: James Murdoch
James Rupert Jacob Murdoch (born 13 December 1972) is a British-American businessman, the younger son of media mogul Rupert Murdoch, the former chief executive officer (CEO) of 21st Century Fox.He is the former chairman and CEO of News Corp and Sky plc, Europe and Asia, where he oversaw assets such as News International (British newspapers), publisher of "The News of the World" newspaper, SKY Italia (satellite television in Italy), Sky Deutschland, and STAR TV (satellite television in Asia).He sits on the News Corporation board of directors and is a member of the office of the chairman.He was made executive chairman of News International in December 2007 He has since resigned from the post.He previously held a non-executive chair at British Sky Broadcasting, in which News Corporation has a controlling minority stake.In April 2012, he was forced to resign as chairman of BSkyB in the wake of the ongoing phone hacking scandal, in which he was implicated.He was reappointed chairman of the company following its merger with its Italian and German sister companies to form Sky plc.He was formerly an executive vice-president of News Corporation, the controlling shareholder of BSkyB, and served on the board of directors of News Datacom and of News Corporation.In May 2012, a highly critical UK Parliamentary report said that Murdoch "showed wilful ignorance of the extent of phone-hacking" and found him "guilty of an astonishing lack of curiosity" over the issue.It went on to say that both Murdoch and his father, Rupert, 'should ultimately be prepared to take responsibility' for wrongdoing at the "News of the World" and News International.Murdoch is a British citizen by birth and a naturalised US citizen.He lost Australian citizenship when his father became a US citizen, but he is eligible to reclaim it. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Rupert Murdoch
Keith Rupert Murdoch, (born 11 March 1931) is an Australian-born American media mogul who founded News Corp.Murdoch's father, Sir Keith Murdoch, was a reporter and editor who became a senior executive of The Herald and Weekly Times publishing company, covering all Australian states except New South Wales.After his father's death in 1952, Murdoch declined to join his late father's registered media public company and created his own private company, News Limited.In the 1950s and 1960s, Murdoch acquired a number of newspapers in Australia and New Zealand before expanding into the United Kingdom in 1969, taking over the "News of the World", followed closely by "The Sun".In 1974, Murdoch moved to New York City, to expand into the U.S. market; however, he retained interests in Australia and Britain.In 1981, Murdoch bought "The Times", his first British broadsheet and, in 1985, became a naturalized U.S. citizen, giving up his Australian citizenship, to satisfy the legal requirement for U.S. television network ownership.In 1986, keen to adopt newer electronic publishing technologies, Murdoch consolidated his UK printing operations in Wapping, causing bitter industrial disputes.His holding company News Corporation acquired Twentieth Century Fox (1985), HarperCollins (1989), and "The Wall Street Journal" (2007).Murdoch formed the British broadcaster BSkyB in 1990 and, during the 1990s, expanded into Asian networks and South American television.By 2000, Murdoch's News Corporation owned over 800 companies in more than 50 countries, with a net worth of over $5 billion.In July 2011, Murdoch faced allegations that his companies, including the "News of the World", owned by News Corporation, had been regularly hacking the phones of celebrities, royalty, and public citizens.Murdoch faced police and government investigations into bribery and corruption by the British government and FBI investigations in the U.S.On 21 July 2012, Murdoch resigned as a director of News International.On 1 July 2015, Murdoch left his post as CEO of 21st Century Fox.However, Murdoch and his family would continue to own both 21st Century Fox until 2019 and News Corp through the Murdoch Family Trust until 20th Century Fox itself was purchased by Disney.In July 2016, after the resignation of Roger Ailes due to accusations of sexual harassment, Murdoch was named the acting CEO of Fox News.
Knowledge 1: James Murdoch
James Rupert Jacob Murdoch (born 13 December 1972) is a British-American businessman, the younger son of media mogul Rupert Murdoch, the former chief executive officer (CEO) of 21st Century Fox.He is the former chairman and CEO of News Corp and Sky plc, Europe and Asia, where he oversaw assets such as News International (British newspapers), publisher of "The News of the World" newspaper, SKY Italia (satellite television in Italy), Sky Deutschland, and STAR TV (satellite television in Asia).He sits on the News Corporation board of directors and is a member of the office of the chairman.He was made executive chairman of News International in December 2007 He has since resigned from the post.He previously held a non-executive chair at British Sky Broadcasting, in which News Corporation has a controlling minority stake.In April 2012, he was forced to resign as chairman of BSkyB in the wake of the ongoing phone hacking scandal, in which he was implicated.He was reappointed chairman of the company following its merger with its Italian and German sister companies to form Sky plc.He was formerly an executive vice-president of News Corporation, the controlling shareholder of BSkyB, and served on the board of directors of News Datacom and of News Corporation.In May 2012, a highly critical UK Parliamentary report said that Murdoch "showed wilful ignorance of the extent of phone-hacking" and found him "guilty of an astonishing lack of curiosity" over the issue.It went on to say that both Murdoch and his father, Rupert, 'should ultimately be prepared to take responsibility' for wrongdoing at the "News of the World" and News International.Murdoch is a British citizen by birth and a naturalised US citizen.He lost Australian citizenship when his father became a US citizen, but he is eligible to reclaim it. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Kaya Alp
Kaya Alp was, according to Ottoman tradition, the son of Kızıl Buğa and the father of Suleyman Shah, who was, in turn, the grandfather of Ertuğrul, and the great grandfather of the Ottoman Empire founder, Osman I.
Knowledge 1: James Murdoch
James Rupert Jacob Murdoch (born 13 December 1972) is a British-American businessman, the younger son of media mogul Rupert Murdoch, the former chief executive officer (CEO) of 21st Century Fox.He is the former chairman and CEO of News Corp and Sky plc, Europe and Asia, where he oversaw assets such as News International (British newspapers), publisher of "The News of the World" newspaper, SKY Italia (satellite television in Italy), Sky Deutschland, and STAR TV (satellite television in Asia).He sits on the News Corporation board of directors and is a member of the office of the chairman.He was made executive chairman of News International in December 2007 He has since resigned from the post.He previously held a non-executive chair at British Sky Broadcasting, in which News Corporation has a controlling minority stake.In April 2012, he was forced to resign as chairman of BSkyB in the wake of the ongoing phone hacking scandal, in which he was implicated.He was reappointed chairman of the company following its merger with its Italian and German sister companies to form Sky plc.He was formerly an executive vice-president of News Corporation, the controlling shareholder of BSkyB, and served on the board of directors of News Datacom and of News Corporation.In May 2012, a highly critical UK Parliamentary report said that Murdoch "showed wilful ignorance of the extent of phone-hacking" and found him "guilty of an astonishing lack of curiosity" over the issue.It went on to say that both Murdoch and his father, Rupert, 'should ultimately be prepared to take responsibility' for wrongdoing at the "News of the World" and News International.Murdoch is a British citizen by birth and a naturalised US citizen.He lost Australian citizenship when his father became a US citizen, but he is eligible to reclaim it. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Lyon Cohen
Lyon Cohen( 1868–1937) was a Polish- born Canadian businessman and a philanthropist.He was the grandfather of singer/ poet Leonard Cohen.

Answer: Keith Murdoch