Question: Who is the mother-in-law of Margaret Of Valois?

Knowledge 1: Margaret of Valois
Margaret of Valois (14 May 1553 – 27 March 1615) was a French princess of the Valois dynasty who became queen consort of Navarre and later also of France.By her marriage to Henry III of Navarre (later Henry IV of France), she was queen of Navarre and then France at her husband's 1589 accession to the latter throne.She was the daughter of King Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici and the sister of kings Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III.Her marriage, which was intended to celebrate the reconciliation of Catholics and Huguenots, was tarnished by the St Bartholomew's Day massacre, and the resumption of the religious troubles which ensued.In the conflict between Henry III and the Malcontents, she took the side of Francis, Duke of Anjou, her younger brother, and this caused the king to have a deep aversion towards her.As Queen of Navarre, she also played a pacifying role in the stormy relations between her husband and the French monarchy.Shuttled back and forth between the two courts, she endeavored to lead a happy conjugal life, but her sterility and the political tensions inherent in the French Wars of Religion caused the end of her marriage.Mistreated by a brother quick to take offence and rejected by a fickle and opportunistic husband, she chose the path of opposition in 1585.She took the side of the Catholic League and was forced to live in Auvergne in an exile which lasted twenty years.In 1599, she consented to the annulment of the marriage only after the payment of a generous compensation.A well-known woman of letters and an enlightened mind as well as an extremely generous patron, she played a considerable part in the cultural life of the court, especially after her return from exile in 1605.She was a vector of Neoplatonism, which preached the supremacy of platonic love over physical love.While imprisoned, she took advantage of the time to write her "Memoirs".She was the first woman to have done so.She was one of the most fashionable women of her time, and influenced many of Europe's royal courts with her clothing.After her death the anecdotes and slanders circulated about her created a legend, which was consolidated around the nickname "La Reine Margot" invented by Alexandre Dumas père, handed down through the centuries the myth of a nymphomaniac and incestuous woman.At the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, historians have reviewed the extensive chronicles of her life, concluding that many elements of her scandalous reputation stemmed from anti-Valois propaganda and from a fationalism capable of denigrating the participation of women in politics, created by Bourbon dynasty court historians in the 17th century. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Henry IV of France
Henry IV (read as ; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithet Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610.He was the first monarch of France from the House of Bourbon, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty.He was assassinated in 1610 by François Ravaillac, a fanatical Catholic, and was succeeded by his son Louis XIII.The son of Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme and Jeanne d'Albret, the Queen of Navarre, Henry was baptised as a Catholic but raised in the Protestant faith by his mother.He inherited the throne of Navarre in 1572 on his mother's death.As a Huguenot, Henry was involved in the French Wars of Religion, barely escaping assassination in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre.He later led Protestant forces against the royal army.He and his predecessor Henry III of France were direct descendants of Saint-King Louis IX.Henry III belonged to the House of Valois, descended from Philip III of France, elder son of Saint Louis; Henry IV belonged to the House of Bourbon, descended from Robert, Count of Clermont, younger son of Saint Louis.As Head of the House of Bourbon, Henry was "first prince of the blood".Upon the death of his brother-in-law and distant cousin Henry III in 1589, Henry was called to the French succession by the Salic law.He initially kept the Protestant faith (the only French king to do so) and had to fight against the Catholic League, which denied that he could wear France's crown as a Protestant.To obtain mastery over his kingdom, after four years of stalemate, he found it prudent to abjure the Calvinist faith.As a pragmatic politician (in the parlance of the time, a "politique"), he displayed an unusual religious tolerance for the era.Notably, he promulgated the Edict of Nantes (1598), which guaranteed religious liberties to Protestants, thereby effectively ending the Wars of Religion.Considered a usurper by some Catholics and a traitor by some Protestants, Henry became target of at least 12 assassination attempts.An unpopular king among his contemporaries, Henry gained more status after his death.He was admired for his repeated victories over his enemies and his conversion to Catholicism.The "Good King Henryle bon roi Henri") was remembered for his geniality and his great concern about the welfare of his subjects.An active ruler, he worked to regularise state finance, promote agriculture, eliminate corruption and encourage education.During his reign, the French colonization of the Americas truly began with the foundation of the colony of Acadia and its capital Port-Royal.He was celebrated in the popular song "Vive le roi Henri" (which later became an anthem for the French monarchy during the reigns of his successors) and in Voltaire's "Henriade".
Knowledge 1: Margaret of Valois
Margaret of Valois (14 May 1553 – 27 March 1615) was a French princess of the Valois dynasty who became queen consort of Navarre and later also of France.By her marriage to Henry III of Navarre (later Henry IV of France), she was queen of Navarre and then France at her husband's 1589 accession to the latter throne.She was the daughter of King Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici and the sister of kings Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III.Her marriage, which was intended to celebrate the reconciliation of Catholics and Huguenots, was tarnished by the St Bartholomew's Day massacre, and the resumption of the religious troubles which ensued.In the conflict between Henry III and the Malcontents, she took the side of Francis, Duke of Anjou, her younger brother, and this caused the king to have a deep aversion towards her.As Queen of Navarre, she also played a pacifying role in the stormy relations between her husband and the French monarchy.Shuttled back and forth between the two courts, she endeavored to lead a happy conjugal life, but her sterility and the political tensions inherent in the French Wars of Religion caused the end of her marriage.Mistreated by a brother quick to take offence and rejected by a fickle and opportunistic husband, she chose the path of opposition in 1585.She took the side of the Catholic League and was forced to live in Auvergne in an exile which lasted twenty years.In 1599, she consented to the annulment of the marriage only after the payment of a generous compensation.A well-known woman of letters and an enlightened mind as well as an extremely generous patron, she played a considerable part in the cultural life of the court, especially after her return from exile in 1605.She was a vector of Neoplatonism, which preached the supremacy of platonic love over physical love.While imprisoned, she took advantage of the time to write her "Memoirs".She was the first woman to have done so.She was one of the most fashionable women of her time, and influenced many of Europe's royal courts with her clothing.After her death the anecdotes and slanders circulated about her created a legend, which was consolidated around the nickname "La Reine Margot" invented by Alexandre Dumas père, handed down through the centuries the myth of a nymphomaniac and incestuous woman.At the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, historians have reviewed the extensive chronicles of her life, concluding that many elements of her scandalous reputation stemmed from anti-Valois propaganda and from a fationalism capable of denigrating the participation of women in politics, created by Bourbon dynasty court historians in the 17th century. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Charles, Count of Valois
Charles of Valois( 12 March 1270 – 16 December 1325), the third son of Philip III of France and Isabella of Aragon, was a member of the House of Capet and founder of the House of Valois, whose rule over France would start in 1328.Charles ruled several principalities.He held in appanage the counties of Valois, Alençon and Perche.Through his marriage to Margaret of Anjou, he became Count of Anjou and Maine.Through his marriage to Catherine I, titular empress of the Latin Empire, he was titular Latin Emperor of Constantinople from 1301 – 1307, although he ruled from exile and only had authority over Crusader States in Greece.The grandson of Louis IX of France, Charles of Valois was a son, brother, brother- in- law and son-in- law of kings or queens( of France, Navarre, England and Naples).His descendants, the House of Valois, would become the royal house of France three years after his death, beginning with his son Philip VI of France.
Knowledge 1: Henry IV of France
Henry IV (read as ; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithet Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610.He was the first monarch of France from the House of Bourbon, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty.He was assassinated in 1610 by François Ravaillac, a fanatical Catholic, and was succeeded by his son Louis XIII.The son of Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme and Jeanne d'Albret, the Queen of Navarre, Henry was baptised as a Catholic but raised in the Protestant faith by his mother.He inherited the throne of Navarre in 1572 on his mother's death.As a Huguenot, Henry was involved in the French Wars of Religion, barely escaping assassination in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre.He later led Protestant forces against the royal army.He and his predecessor Henry III of France were direct descendants of Saint-King Louis IX.Henry III belonged to the House of Valois, descended from Philip III of France, elder son of Saint Louis; Henry IV belonged to the House of Bourbon, descended from Robert, Count of Clermont, younger son of Saint Louis.As Head of the House of Bourbon, Henry was "first prince of the blood".Upon the death of his brother-in-law and distant cousin Henry III in 1589, Henry was called to the French succession by the Salic law.He initially kept the Protestant faith (the only French king to do so) and had to fight against the Catholic League, which denied that he could wear France's crown as a Protestant.To obtain mastery over his kingdom, after four years of stalemate, he found it prudent to abjure the Calvinist faith.As a pragmatic politician (in the parlance of the time, a "politique"), he displayed an unusual religious tolerance for the era.Notably, he promulgated the Edict of Nantes (1598), which guaranteed religious liberties to Protestants, thereby effectively ending the Wars of Religion.Considered a usurper by some Catholics and a traitor by some Protestants, Henry became target of at least 12 assassination attempts.An unpopular king among his contemporaries, Henry gained more status after his death.He was admired for his repeated victories over his enemies and his conversion to Catholicism.The "Good King Henryle bon roi Henri") was remembered for his geniality and his great concern about the welfare of his subjects.An active ruler, he worked to regularise state finance, promote agriculture, eliminate corruption and encourage education.During his reign, the French colonization of the Americas truly began with the foundation of the colony of Acadia and its capital Port-Royal.He was celebrated in the popular song "Vive le roi Henri" (which later became an anthem for the French monarchy during the reigns of his successors) and in Voltaire's "Henriade". [SEP] Knowledge 2: Charles, Count of Valois
Charles of Valois( 12 March 1270 – 16 December 1325), the third son of Philip III of France and Isabella of Aragon, was a member of the House of Capet and founder of the House of Valois, whose rule over France would start in 1328.Charles ruled several principalities.He held in appanage the counties of Valois, Alençon and Perche.Through his marriage to Margaret of Anjou, he became Count of Anjou and Maine.Through his marriage to Catherine I, titular empress of the Latin Empire, he was titular Latin Emperor of Constantinople from 1301 – 1307, although he ruled from exile and only had authority over Crusader States in Greece.The grandson of Louis IX of France, Charles of Valois was a son, brother, brother- in- law and son-in- law of kings or queens( of France, Navarre, England and Naples).His descendants, the House of Valois, would become the royal house of France three years after his death, beginning with his son Philip VI of France.

Answer: Jeanne d'Albret