Question: Who is the paternal grandfather of Samsam Al-Dawla?

Knowledge 1: Samsam al-Dawla
Abu Kalijar Marzuban, also known as Samsam al-Dawla (c. 963 – December 998) was the Buyid amir of Iraq (983–987), as well as Fars and Kerman (988 or 989 – 998).He was the second son of 'Adud al-Dawla.The Abbasids recognized his succession and conferred upon him the title Samsam al-Dawla.He lacked the qualities of his father 'Adud al-Dawla and failed to have a grip upon his state affairs.His rule was marked by revolts and civil wars. [SEP] Knowledge 2: 'Adud al-Dawla
Fannā (Panāh) Khusraw , better known by his laqab of ʿAḍud al-Dawla ("Pillar of the [Abbasid] Dynasty")(September 24, 936 – March 26, 983) was an emir of the Buyid dynasty, ruling from 949 to 983, and at his height of power ruling an empire stretching from Makran as far to Yemen and the shores of the Mediterranean Sea.He is widely regarded as the greatest monarch of the dynasty, and by the end of his reign was the most powerful ruler in the Middle East.The son of Rukn al-Dawla, Fanna Khusraw was given the title of Adud al-Dawla by the Abbasid caliph in 948 when he was made emir of Fars after the death of his childless uncleImad al-Dawla, after which Rukn al-Dawla became the senior emir of the Buyids.In 974 Adud al-Dawla was sent by his father to save his cousin Izz al-Dawla from a rebellion.After defeating the rebel forces, he claimed the emirate of Iraq for himself, and forced his cousin to abdicate.His father, however, became angered by this decision and restored Izz al-Dawla.After the death of Adud al-Dawla's father, his cousin rebelled against him, but was defeated.Adud al-Dawla became afterwards the sole ruler of the Buyid dynasty and assumed the ancient Iranian title of Shahanshah ("King of Kings").When Adud al-Dawla became emir of Iraq, the capital city, Baghdad, was suffering from violence and instability owing to sectarian conflict.In order to bring peace and stability to the city, he ordered the banning of public demonstrations and polemics.At the same time, he patronized a number of Shia scholars such as al-Mufid, and sponsored the renovation of a number of important Shia shrines.In addition, 'Adud al-Dawla is credited with sponsoring and patronizing other scientific projects during his time.An observatory was built by his orders in Isfahan where Azophi worked.Al-Muqaddasi also reports that he ordered the construction of a great dam between Shiraz and Estakhr in 960.The dam irrigated some 300 villages in Fars province and became known as "Band-e Amir" (Dam of the emir).Among his other major constructions was the digging of the Haffar channel, that joined the Karun river to the Shatt al-Arab river (the confluence of the Tigris and the Euphrates).The port of Khorramshahr was built on the Haffar, at its joining point with the Shatt al-Arab.
Knowledge 1: Samsam al-Dawla
Abu Kalijar Marzuban, also known as Samsam al-Dawla (c. 963 – December 998) was the Buyid amir of Iraq (983–987), as well as Fars and Kerman (988 or 989 – 998).He was the second son of 'Adud al-Dawla.The Abbasids recognized his succession and conferred upon him the title Samsam al-Dawla.He lacked the qualities of his father 'Adud al-Dawla and failed to have a grip upon his state affairs.His rule was marked by revolts and civil wars. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Mu'izz al-Dawla
Ahmad ibn Buya( Persian: احمد بن بویه, died April 8, 967), after 945 better known by his" laqab" of Mu'izz al- Dawla(" Fortifier of the Dynasty"), was the first of the Buyid emirs of Iraq, ruling from 945 until his death.The son of Daylamite fisherman who had converted to Islam, Ahmad ibn Buya was born in the mountainous region of Daylam, and by 928, he along with his two brothers served the Daylamite military leader Makan ibn Kaki.However, they quickly changed their allegiance to the Ziyarid ruler Mardavij, but some years later rebelled against him after founding out that he planned to murder one of the brothers.In 935/ 6, Ahmad ibn Buya unsuccessfully invaded Kerman, and was later sent to Istakhr.From there he started making incursions into Khuzestan and later Iraq; by 945, he was officially recognized as the ruler of Iraq and Khuzestan and had received the title of" Mu'izz al- Dawla" from the Caliph, while his two other brother were the rulers of other territories and had also received titles from the Caliph.Throughout his rule, Mu'izz al- Dawla was devoted in conflicts with other dynasties for control over Iraq—in 946, an important battle took place in Baghdad between Mu'izz al- Dawla and the Hamdanid amir Nasir al- Dawla, which lasted several months, with Mu'izz al- Dawla ending as the victor.Mu'izz al- Dawla also fought against the Batihah amirate several times, but was unable to decisively defeat it.Mu'izz al- Dawla also had problems with some of his Daylamite kinsmen, who would sometimes rebel against him, the most dangerous rebellion being under Ruzbahan from 955 to 957.By Mu'izz al- Dawla's death in 967, he had defeated all his foes and was the unchallenged ruler of Iraq.He was succeeded by his son Izz al- Dawla.
Knowledge 1: Samsam al-Dawla
Abu Kalijar Marzuban, also known as Samsam al-Dawla (c. 963 – December 998) was the Buyid amir of Iraq (983–987), as well as Fars and Kerman (988 or 989 – 998).He was the second son of 'Adud al-Dawla.The Abbasids recognized his succession and conferred upon him the title Samsam al-Dawla.He lacked the qualities of his father 'Adud al-Dawla and failed to have a grip upon his state affairs.His rule was marked by revolts and civil wars. [SEP] Knowledge 2: Aziz al-Dawla
ʿ Azīz al- Dawla Abū Shujāʿ Fātik al- Waḥīd ī ibn ʿ Abd Allāh al- Rūmī, better known simply as Aziz al- Dawla( d. 1022), was the first Fatimid governor of Aleppo in 1016/ 17–1022.An ethnic Armenian, Aziz al- Dawla started his political career as a trusted" ghulam"( military slave) of Manjutakin al- Azizi, the Fatimid governor of Damascus during the reign of Caliph al- Hakim( 996–1021).The latter appointed Aziz al- Dawla governor of Aleppo, which experienced prosperity during his rule.By 1020, Aziz al- Dawla was acting independently of al- Hakim's authority by issuing coins in his name and having his political sovereignty declared in Friday prayers.When al- Hakim sent an army to force Aziz al- Dawla into submission, the latter appealed for Byzantine support but canceled the appeal when al- Hakim mysteriously disappeared in early 1021.Afterward, the Fatimid court attempted to reconcile with Aziz al- Dawla, who nonetheless moved to secure his rule by building a well- fortified palace at the foot of the Aleppo's citadel.In July 1022, Aziz al- Dawla was murdered in his sleep by one of his" ghulams"( slave soldier) in a plot devised by another of his" ghulams", Abu'l- Najm Badr, with likely backing from al- Hakim's virtual successor, Sitt al- Mulk.Badr briefly succeeded Aziz al- Dawla as governor but was arrested three months later.

Answer: Rukn al-Dawla