the goldman sachs group , inc . and subsidiaries management 2019s discussion and analysis net revenues in equities were $ 6.60 billion , 4% ( 4 % ) lower than 2016 , primarily due to lower commissions and fees , reflecting a decline in our listed cash equity volumes in the u.s . market volumes in the u.s . also declined . in addition , net revenues in equities client execution were lower , reflecting lower net revenues in derivatives , partially offset by higher net revenues in cash products . net revenues in securities services were essentially unchanged . operating expenses were $ 9.69 billion for 2017 , essentially unchanged compared with 2016 , due to decreased compensation and benefits expenses , reflecting lower net revenues , largely offset by increased technology expenses , reflecting higher expenses related to cloud-based services and software depreciation , and increased consulting costs . pre-tax earnings were $ 2.21 billion in 2017 , 54% ( 54 % ) lower than 2016 . investing & lending investing & lending includes our investing activities and the origination of loans , including our relationship lending activities , to provide financing to clients . these investments and loans are typically longer-term in nature . we make investments , some of which are consolidated , including through our merchant banking business and our special situations group , in debt securities and loans , public and private equity securities , infrastructure and real estate entities . some of these investments are made indirectly through funds that we manage . we also make unsecured loans through our digital platform , marcus : by goldman sachs and secured loans through our digital platform , goldman sachs private bank select . the table below presents the operating results of our investing & lending segment. .

year ended december 2018: equity securities: 4455
debt securities and loans: 3795
total net revenues: 8250
provision for credit losses: 674
operating expenses: 3365
pre-taxearnings: 4211
year ended december 2017: equity securities: 4578
debt securities and loans: 2660
total net revenues: 7238
provision for credit losses: 657
operating expenses: 2796
pre-taxearnings: 3785
year ended december 2016: equity securities: 2573
debt securities and loans: 1689
total net revenues: 4262
provision for credit losses: 182
operating expenses: 2386
pre-taxearnings: 1694

operating environment . during 2018 , our investments in private equities benefited from company-specific events , including sales , and strong corporate performance , while investments in public equities reflected losses , as global equity prices generally decreased . results for our investments in debt securities and loans reflected continued growth in loans receivables , resulting in higher net interest income . if macroeconomic concerns negatively affect corporate performance or the origination of loans , or if global equity prices continue to decline , net revenues in investing & lending would likely be negatively impacted . during 2017 , generally higher global equity prices and tighter credit spreads contributed to a favorable environment for our equity and debt investments . results also reflected net gains from company-specific events , including sales , and corporate performance . 2018 versus 2017 . net revenues in investing & lending were $ 8.25 billion for 2018 , 14% ( 14 % ) higher than 2017 . net revenues in equity securities were $ 4.46 billion , 3% ( 3 % ) lower than 2017 , reflecting net losses from investments in public equities ( 2018 included $ 183 million of net losses ) compared with net gains in the prior year , partially offset by significantly higher net gains from investments in private equities ( 2018 included $ 4.64 billion of net gains ) , driven by company-specific events , including sales , and corporate performance . for 2018 , 60% ( 60 % ) of the net revenues in equity securities were generated from corporate investments and 40% ( 40 % ) were generated from real estate . net revenues in debt securities and loans were $ 3.80 billion , 43% ( 43 % ) higher than 2017 , primarily driven by significantly higher net interest income . 2018 included net interest income of approximately $ 2.70 billion compared with approximately $ 1.80 billion in 2017 . provision for credit losses was $ 674 million for 2018 , compared with $ 657 million for 2017 , as the higher provision for credit losses primarily related to consumer loan growth in 2018 was partially offset by an impairment of approximately $ 130 million on a secured loan in 2017 . operating expenses were $ 3.37 billion for 2018 , 20% ( 20 % ) higher than 2017 , primarily due to increased expenses related to consolidated investments and our digital lending and deposit platform , and increased compensation and benefits expenses , reflecting higher net revenues . pre-tax earnings were $ 4.21 billion in 2018 , 11% ( 11 % ) higher than 2017 versus 2016 . net revenues in investing & lending were $ 7.24 billion for 2017 , 70% ( 70 % ) higher than 2016 . net revenues in equity securities were $ 4.58 billion , 78% ( 78 % ) higher than 2016 , primarily reflecting a significant increase in net gains from private equities ( 2017 included $ 3.82 billion of net gains ) , which were positively impacted by company-specific events and corporate performance . in addition , net gains from public equities ( 2017 included $ 762 million of net gains ) were significantly higher , as global equity prices increased during the year . for 2017 , 64% ( 64 % ) of the net revenues in equity securities were generated from corporate investments and 36% ( 36 % ) were generated from real estate . net revenues in debt securities and loans were $ 2.66 billion , 57% ( 57 % ) higher than 2016 , reflecting significantly higher net interest income ( 2017 included approximately $ 1.80 billion of net interest income ) . 60 goldman sachs 2018 form 10-k .

Questions:
what is the net revenue in 2018?
what about in 2017?
what is the net change in revenue?
what is the net revenue in 2017?
what growth rate does this represent?

Answers:
8250
7238
1012
7238
14.0%