30 2018 ppg annual report and 10-k foreign currency translation partially offset by : cost reclassifications associated with the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard . refer to note 2 , "revenue recognition" within part 2 of this form 10-k cost management including restructuring cost savings 2017 vs . 2016 selling , general and administrative expenses decreased $ 1 million primarily due to : lower net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit costs lower selling and advertising costs restructuring cost savings partially offset by : wage and other cost inflation selling , general and administrative expenses from acquired businesses foreign currency translation other charges and other income .

2018: interest expense net of interest income: 95
business restructuring net: 66
pension settlement charges: 2014
other charges: 122
other income: -114
% (  % ) change 2017: interest expense net of interest income: 85
business restructuring net: 2014
pension settlement charges: 60
other charges: 74
other income: -150
% (  % ) change 2016: interest expense net of interest income: 99
business restructuring net: 191
pension settlement charges: 968
other charges: 242
other income: -127
% (  % ) change 2018 vs . 2017: interest expense net of interest income: -11.8
business restructuring net: n/a
pension settlement charges: -100
other charges: -64.9
other income: -24
% (  % ) change 2017 vs . 2016: interest expense net of interest income: -14.1
business restructuring net: -100
pension settlement charges: -93.8
other charges: -69.4
other income: -18.1

interest expense , net of interest income interest expense , net of interest income increased $ 10 million in 2018 versus 2017 primarily due to the issuance of long- term debt in early 2018 . interest expense , net of interest income decreased $ 14 million in 2017 versus 2016 due to lower interest rate debt outstanding in 2017 . business restructuring , net a pretax restructuring charge of $ 83 million was recorded in the second quarter of 2018 , offset by certain changes in estimates to complete previously recorded programs of $ 17 million . a pretax charge of $ 191 million was recorded in 2016 . refer to note 8 , "business restructuring" in item 8 of this form 10-k for additional information . pension settlement charges during 2017 , ppg made lump-sum payments to certain retirees who had participated in ppg's u.s . qualified and non- qualified pension plans totaling approximately $ 127 million . as the lump-sum payments were in excess of the expected 2017 service and interest costs for the affected plans , ppg remeasured the periodic benefit obligation of these plans in the period payments were made and recorded settlement charges totaling $ 60 million ( $ 38 million after-tax ) during 2017 . during 2016 , ppg permanently transferred approximately $ 1.8 billion of its u.s . and canadian pension obligations and assets to several highly rated insurance companies . these actions triggered remeasurement and partial settlement of certain of the company 2019s defined benefit pension plans . ppg recognized a $ 968 million pre-tax settlement charge in connection with these transactions . refer to note 13 , "employee benefit plans" in item 8 of this form 10-k for additional information . other charges other charges in 2018 and 2016 were higher than 2017 primarily due to environmental remediation charges . these charges were principally for environmental remediation at a former chromium manufacturing plant and associated sites in new jersey . refer to note 14 , "commitments and contingent liabilities" in item 8 of this form 10-k for additional information . other income other income was lower in 2018 and 2016 than in 2017 primarily due to the gain from the sale of the mexican plaka business of $ 25 million and income from a legal settlement of $ 18 million in 2017 . refer to note 3 , "acquisitions and divestitures" in item 8 of this form 10-k for additional information. .

Questions:
what was the pretax restructuring charge in the second quarter of 2018?
by what amount was this charge offset?
what then became that pretax restructuring charge after this offset?
what was the pretax charge in 2016?
what is, then, the total sum of these two pretax restructuring charges?

Answers:
83
17
66
191
257