Question: who determined that elements are defined by the number of protons present
[{'answer': 'atomic number', 'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '673', 'title': 'Atomic number', 'start_paragraph_id': 1, 'start_character': 4, 'end_paragraph_id': 1, 'end_character': 17, 'bleu_score': 1.0, 'section': 'Section::::Abstract.'}]}, {'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '673', 'title': 'Atomic number', 'start_paragraph_id': 1, 'start_character': 0, 'end_paragraph_id': 1, 'end_character': 339, 'bleu_score': 0.8382710806211151, 'meta': {'yes_no_answer': 'NONE', 'annotation_id': 5948658654016192699}, 'section': 'Section::::Abstract.'}]}]