Question: who was the first person to successfully introduce a device exclusively designed for data processing
[{'answer': 'Herman Hollerith', 'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '7283182', 'title': 'History of IBM', 'start_paragraph_id': 15, 'start_character': 126, 'end_paragraph_id': 15, 'end_character': 142, 'bleu_score': 1.0, 'section': 'Section::::Chronology.:1880s–1924: The origin of IBM.\n'}]}, {'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '7283182', 'title': 'History of IBM', 'start_paragraph_id': 0, 'start_character': 0, 'end_paragraph_id': 0, 'end_character': 0, 'bleu_score': 1.0, 'meta': {'yes_no_answer': 'NONE', 'annotation_id': 1903659402238611172}, 'section': 'Section::::Abstract.'}]}, {'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '7283182', 'title': 'History of IBM', 'start_paragraph_id': 15, 'start_character': 0, 'end_paragraph_id': 15, 'end_character': 598, 'bleu_score': 0.9421819794383921, 'meta': {'yes_no_answer': 'NONE', 'annotation_id': 1903659402238611172}, 'section': 'Section::::Chronology.:1880s–1924: The origin of IBM.\n'}]}, {'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '7283182', 'title': 'History of IBM', 'section': 'Section::::Chronology.:1880s–1924: The origin of IBM.\n', 'start_paragraph_id': 15, 'end_paragraph_id': 15, 'meta': {'evidence_span': ['Of the companies amalgamated to form CTR, the most technologically significant was The Tabulating Machine Company, founded by Herman Hollerith, and specialized in the development of punched card data processing equipment', "Of the companies amalgamated to form CTR, the most technologically significant was The Tabulating Machine Company, founded by Herman Hollerith, and specialized in the development of punched card data processing equipment. Hollerith's series of patents on tabulating machine technology, first applied for in 1884, drew on his work at the U.S. Census Bureau from 187982. Hollerith was initially trying to reduce the time and complexity needed to tabulate the 1890 Census. His development of punched cards in 1886 set the industry standard for the next 80 years of tabulating and computing data input.", 'Of the companies amalgamated to form CTR, the most technologically significant was The Tabulating Machine Company, founded by Herman Hollerith, and specialized in the development of punched card data processing equipment']}}]}, {'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '13969', 'title': 'Herman Hollerith', 'section': 'Section::::Abstract.', 'start_paragraph_id': 1, 'end_paragraph_id': 1, 'meta': {'evidence_span': ['Herman Hollerith (February 29, 1860 November 17, 1929) was an American inventor who developed an electromechanical punched card tabulator to assist in summarizing information and, later, accounting.', 'Herman Hollerith (February 29, 1860 November 17, 1929) was an American inventor who developed an electromechanical punched card tabulator to assist in summarizing information and, later, accounting. He was the founder of the Tabulating Machine Company that was amalgamated (via stock acquisition) in 1911 with three other companies to form a fifth company, the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company, which was renamed IBM in 1924. Hollerith is regarded as one of the seminal figures in the development of data processing. His invention of the punched card tabulating machine marks the beginning of the era of semiautomatic data processing systems, and his concept dominated that landscape for nearly a century.', 'Hollerith is regarded as one of the seminal figures in the development of data processing. His invention of the punched card tabulating machine marks the beginning of the era of semiautomatic data processing systems, and his concept dominated that landscape for nearly a century.']}}]}, {'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '5323', 'title': 'Computer science', 'section': 'Section::::History.\n', 'start_paragraph_id': 5, 'end_paragraph_id': 5, 'meta': {'evidence_span': ['Around 1885, Herman Hollerith invented the tabulator, which used punched cards to process statistical information; eventually his company became part of IBM.', 'Wilhelm Schickard designed and constructed the first working mechanical calculator in 1623. In 1673, Gottfried Leibniz demonstrated a digital mechanical calculator, called the Stepped Reckoner. He may be considered the first computer scientist and information theorist, for, among other reasons, documenting the binary number system. In 1820, Thomas de Colmar launched the mechanical calculator industry when he released his simplified arithmometer, which was the first calculating machine strong enough and reliable enough to be used daily in an office environment. Charles Babbage started the design of the first "automatic mechanical calculator", his Difference Engine, in 1822, which eventually gave him the idea of the first "programmable mechanical calculator", his Analytical Engine. He started developing this machine in 1834, and "in less than two years, he had sketched out many of the salient features of the modern computer". "A crucial step was the adoption of a punched card system derived from the Jacquard loom" making it infinitely programmable. In 1843, during the translation of a French article on the Analytical Engine, Ada Lovelace wrote, in one of the many notes she included, an algorithm to compute the Bernoulli numbers, which is considered to be the first published algorithm ever specifically tailored for implementation on a computer. Around 1885, Herman Hollerith invented the tabulator, which used punched cards to process statistical information; eventually his company became part of IBM. In 1937, one hundred years after Babbage\'s impossible dream, Howard Aiken convinced IBM, which was making all kinds of punched card equipment and was also in the calculator business to develop his giant programmable calculator, the ASCC/Harvard Mark I, based on Babbage\'s Analytical Engine, which itself used cards and a central computing unit. When the machine was finished, some hailed it as "Babbage\'s dream come true".']}}]}, {'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '13636', 'title': 'History of computing hardware', 'section': 'Section::::Early devices.:Punched-card data processing.\n', 'start_paragraph_id': 17, 'end_paragraph_id': 17, 'meta': {'evidence_span': ['the American Herman Hollerith invented data storage on punched cards that could then be read by a machine. T', "preceded by punch bands, as in the machine proposed by Basile Bouchon. These bands would inspire information recording for automatic pianos and more recently numerical control machine tools. In the late 1880s, the American Herman Hollerith invented data storage on punched cards that could then be read by a machine. To process these punched cards he invented the tabulator, and the keypunch machine. His machines used electromechanical relays and counters. Hollerith's method was used in the 1890 United States Census. That census was processed two years faster than the prior census had been. Hollerith's company eventually became the core of IBM.", 'These bands would inspire information recording for automatic pianos and more recently numerical control machine tools. In the late 1880s, the American Herman Hollerith invented data storage on punched cards that could then be read by a machine.']}}]}]