Question: who discovered the atom and in what year
[{'answer': 'John Dalton', 'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '902', 'title': 'Atom', 'start_paragraph_id': 10, 'start_character': 20, 'end_paragraph_id': 10, 'end_character': 31, 'bleu_score': 1.0, 'section': 'Section::::History of atomic theory.:First evidence-based theory.\n'}]}, {'answer': 'early 1800s', 'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '902', 'title': 'Atom', 'start_paragraph_id': 10, 'start_character': 7, 'end_paragraph_id': 10, 'end_character': 18, 'bleu_score': 1.0, 'section': 'Section::::History of atomic theory.:First evidence-based theory.\n'}]}, {'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '902', 'title': 'Atom', 'start_paragraph_id': 0, 'start_character': 0, 'end_paragraph_id': 0, 'end_character': 0, 'bleu_score': 1.0, 'meta': {'yes_no_answer': 'NONE', 'annotation_id': 15055679199960765576}, 'section': 'Section::::Abstract.'}]}, {'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '902', 'title': 'Atom', 'start_paragraph_id': 10, 'start_character': 0, 'end_paragraph_id': 10, 'end_character': 694, 'bleu_score': 0.90577926320281, 'meta': {'yes_no_answer': 'NONE', 'annotation_id': 15055679199960765576}, 'section': 'Section::::History of atomic theory.:First evidence-based theory.\n'}]}, {'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '2636413', 'title': 'Thomas Ypsilantis', 'section': 'Section::::Abstract.', 'start_paragraph_id': 1, 'end_paragraph_id': 1, 'meta': {'evidence_span': ['Thomas John Ypsilantis (; June 24, 1928 August 16, 2000) was an American physicist of Greek descent. Ypsilantis was known for the co-discovery of the antiproton in 1955, along with Owen Chamberlain, Emilio Segrè, and Clyde Wiegand. Following this work, he moved to CERN to develop Cherenkov radiation detectors for use in particle physics. Tom Ypsilantis was born in Salt Lake City in 1928. His father was killed by lightning in 1931. He graduated from South High School in 1945, and attended the University', 'Thomas John Ypsilantis (; June 24, 1928 August 16, 2000) was an American physicist of Greek descent. Ypsilantis was known for the co-discovery of the antiproton in 1955, along with Owen Chamberlain, Emilio Segrè, and Clyde Wiegand. Following this work, he moved to CERN to develop Cherenkov radiation detectors for use in particle physics. Tom Ypsilantis was born in Salt Lake City in 1928. His father was killed by lightning in 1931. He graduated from South High School in 1945, and attended the University\rhighlight sentence(s) containing evidence, not only the answer']}}]}, {'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '902', 'title': 'Atom', 'section': 'Section::::History of atomic theory.:First evidence-based theory.\n', 'start_paragraph_id': 10, 'end_paragraph_id': 10, 'meta': {'evidence_span': ['In the early 1800s, John Dalton used the concept of atoms to explain why elements always react in ratios of small whole numbers (the law of multiple proportions). For instance, there are two types of tin oxide: one is 88.1% tin and 11.9% oxygen and the other is 78.7% tin and 21.3% oxygen (tin(II) oxide and tin dioxide respectively). This means that 100g of tin will combine either with 13.5g or 27g of oxygen. 13.5 and 27 form a ratio of 1:2, a ratio of small whole numbers. This common pattern in chemistry suggested to Dalton that elements react in multiples of discrete units in other words, atoms. In the case of tin oxides, one tin atom will combine with either one or two oxygen atoms.', 'In the early 1800s, John Dalton used the concept of atoms to explain why elements always react in ratios of small whole numbers', 'In the early 1800s, John Dalton used the concept of atoms to explain why elements always react in ratios of small whole numbers (the law of multiple proportions). For instance, there are two types of tin oxide: one is 88.1% tin and 11.9% oxygen and the other is 78.7% tin and 21.3% oxygen (tin(II) oxide and tin dioxide respectively). This means that 100g of tin will combine either with 13.5g or 27g of oxygen. 13.5 and 27 form a ratio of 1:2, a ratio of small whole numbers. This common pattern in chemistry suggested to Dalton that elements react in multiples of discrete units in other words, atoms. In the case of tin oxides, one tin atom will combine with either one or two oxygen atoms.']}}]}, {'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '9603', 'title': 'Ernest Rutherford', 'section': 'Section::::Abstract.', 'start_paragraph_id': 1, 'end_paragraph_id': 1, 'meta': {'evidence_span': ['Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, , HFRSE, LLD (30 August 1871\xa0 19 October 1937), was a New Zealand physicist who came to be known as the father of nuclear physics. "Encyclopædia Britannica" considers him to be the greatest experimentalist since Michael Faraday (17911867). In early work, Rutherford discovered the concept of radioactive half-life, the radioactive element radon, and differentiated and named alpha and beta radiation. This work was performed at McGill University in Montreal, Canada. It is', 'Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, , HFRSE, LLD (30 August 1871\xa0 19 October 1937), was a New Zealand physicist who came to be known as the father of nuclear physics. "Encyclopædia Britannica" considers him to be the greatest experimentalist since Michael Faraday (17911867). In early work, Rutherford discovered the concept of radioactive half-life, the radioactive element radon, and differentiated and named alpha and beta radiation. This work was performed at McGill University in Montreal, Canada. It is']}}]}, {'provenance': [{'wikipedia_id': '803060', 'title': 'George Johnstone Stoney', 'section': 'Section::::Abstract.', 'start_paragraph_id': 1, 'end_paragraph_id': 1, 'meta': {'evidence_span': ['George Johnstone Stoney FRS (15 February 1826 5 July 1911) was an Irish physicist. He is most famous for introducing the term "electron" as the "fundamental unit quantity of electricity". He had introduced the concept, though not the word, as early as 1874, initially naming it "electrine", and the word itself came in 1891. He published around 75 scientific papers during his lifetime. Stoney was born at Oakley Park, near Birr, County Offaly, in the Irish Midlands, the son', 'George Johnstone Stoney FRS (15 February 1826 5 July 1911) was an Irish physicist. He is most famous for introducing the term "electron" as the "fundamental unit quantity of electricity". He had introduced the concept, though not the word, as early as 1874, initially naming it "electrine", and the word itself came in 1891. He published around 75 scientific papers during his lifetime. Stoney was born at Oakley Park, near Birr, County Offaly, in the Irish Midlands, the son']}}]}]