sentence-transformers/squad huggingface dataset:
Passage: Although the rivers and coast of this area were among the first places colonized by the Portuguese, who set up trading posts in the 16th century, they did not explore the interior until the 19th century. The local African rulers in Guinea, some of whom prospered greatly from the slave trade, controlled the inland trade and did not allow the Europeans into the interior. They kept them in the fortified coastal settlements where the trading took place. African communities that fought back against slave traders also distrusted European adventurers and would-be settlers. The Portuguese in Guinea were largely restricted to the port of Bissau and Cacheu. A small number of European settlers established isolated farms along Bissau's inland rivers.

Question: What areas were the first places colonized by the Portuguese?

Question: When did the Portuguese first set up trading posts in Guinea-Bissau?

Question: When did the Portuguese explore the interior of Guinea-Bissau?

Question: Who controlled the inland trade in Guinea-Bissau during this time?

Question: What ports were the Portuguese restricted to?
Passage: For a brief period in the 1790s, the British tried to establish a rival foothold on an offshore island, at Bolama. But by the 19th century the Portuguese were sufficiently secure in Bissau to regard the neighbouring coastline as their own special territory, also up north in part of present South Senegal.

Question: Who tried to establish a rival foothold at Bolama?

Question: When was a rival foothold attempted at Bolama?

Question: Who regarded Bolama as their own in the 19th century?

Question: What other area did the Portuguese regard as their special territory?

Question: What rival did the Portuguese fend off in Guinea-Bissau?
Passage: An armed rebellion beginning in 1956 by the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC) under the leadership of Amílcar Cabral gradually consolidated its hold on then Portuguese Guinea. Unlike guerrilla movements in other Portuguese colonies, the PAIGC rapidly extended its military control over large portions of the territory, aided by the jungle-like terrain, its easily reached borderlines with neighbouring allies, and large quantities of arms from Cuba, China, the Soviet Union, and left-leaning African countries. Cuba also agreed to supply artillery experts, doctors, and technicians. The PAIGC even managed to acquire a significant anti-aircraft capability in order to defend itself against aerial attack. By 1973, the PAIGC was in control of many parts of Guinea, although the movement suffered a setback in January 1973 when Cabral was assassinated.

Question: What group started an armed rebellion in Guinea-Bissau?

Question: When did the armed rebellion begin?

Question: Who was the leader of the armed rebellion?

Question: Who supplied doctors and technicians to the rebels?

Question: When was Cabral assassinated?
Passage: Independence was unilaterally declared on 24 September 1973. Recognition became universal following the 25 April 1974 socialist-inspired military coup in Portugal, which overthrew Lisbon's Estado Novo regime.

Question: When was independence declared?

Question: What date was independence considered universal?

Question: What event caused the recognition to be universal?

Question: Where did a coup take place?

Question: Who was overthrown in the coup?
Passage: Luís Cabral, brother of Amílcar and co-founder of PAIGC, was appointed the first President of Guinea-Bissau. Following independence, the PAIGC killed thousands of local Guinean soldiers who had fought along with the Portuguese Army against guerrillas. Some escaped to settle in Portugal or other African nations. One of the massacres occurred in the town of Bissorã. In 1980 the PAIGC acknowledged in its newspaper Nó Pintcha (dated 29 November 1980) that many Gueinean soldiers had been executed and buried in unmarked collective graves in the woods of Cumerá, Portogole, and Mansabá.

Question: Who was the first President of Guinea-Bissau?

Question: How many Guinean soldiers did the PAIGC kill?

Question: Where did one of the massacres occur?

Question: When did the PAIGC acknowledge the executions?

Question: Where were the soldiers buried?
Passage: The country was controlled by a revolutionary council until 1984. The first multi-party elections were held in 1994. An army uprising in May 1998 led to the Guinea-Bissau Civil War and the president's ousting in June 1999. Elections were held again in 2000, and Kumba Ialá was elected president.

Question: Who controlled the country prior to 1984?

Question: When were the first multi-party elections held?

Question: What led to the Guinea-Bissau Civil War?

Question: When was the president ousted?

Question: Who was elected president in the 2000 election?
Passage: In September 2003, a military coup was conducted. The military arrested Ialá on the charge of being "unable to solve the problems". After being delayed several times, legislative elections were held in March 2004. A mutiny of military factions in October 2004 resulted in the death of the head of the armed forces and caused widespread unrest.

Question: When was a military coup conducted?

Question: Who did the military arrest?

Question: When were legislative elections held?

Question: When did the mutiny of military factions occur?

Question: Who died in the mutiny?
Passage: In June 2005, presidential elections were held for the first time since the coup that deposed Ialá. Ialá returned as the candidate for the PRS, claiming to be the legitimate president of the country, but the election was won by former president João Bernardo Vieira, deposed in the 1999 coup. Vieira beat Malam Bacai Sanhá in a runoff election. Sanhá initially refused to concede, claiming that tampering and electoral fraud occurred in two constituencies including the capital, Bissau.

Question: After the coup, when were presidential elections held?

Question: At that time, who ran claiming to be the legitimate president of the country?

Question: Who won the election?

Question: Who did Vieira beat in a runoff election?

Question: When was Vieira, a former president, deposed?
Passage: Despite reports of arms entering the country prior to the election and some "disturbances during campaigning," including attacks on government offices by unidentified gunmen, foreign election monitors described the 2005 election overall as "calm and organized".

Question: What was reported to be entering the country prior to the election?

Question: What type of "disturbances" were reported during the campaign?

Question: How did foreign election monitors describe the election?

Question: What year was the election held?

Question: Where the election monitors local, or foreign?
Passage: Three years later, PAIGC won a strong parliamentary majority, with 67 of 100 seats, in the parliamentary election held in November 2008. In November 2008, President Vieira's official residence was attacked by members of the armed forces, killing a guard but leaving the president unharmed.

Question: When was the parliamentary election held?

Question: Who won a strong majority in the election?

Question: How many seats did PAIGC win in the election?

Question: Whose residence was attacked by members of the armed forces?

Question: When did the attack on the residence occur?
Passage: On 2 March 2009, however, Vieira was assassinated by what preliminary reports indicated to be a group of soldiers avenging the death of the head of joint chiefs of staff, General Batista Tagme Na Wai. Tagme died in an explosion on Sunday, 1 March 2009, target of an assassination. Military leaders in the country pledged to respect the constitutional order of succession. National Assembly Speaker Raimundo Pereira was appointed as an interim president until a nationwide election on 28 June 2009. It was won by Malam Bacai Sanhá.

Question: Who was assassinated on 2 March 2009?

Question: Who was assassinated on 1 March 2009?

Question: Who pledged to respect the constitutional order of succession?

Question: Who was appointed interim president?

Question: Who won the election in June 2009?
Passage: On the evening of 12 April 2012, members of the country's military staged a coup d'état and arrested the interim president and a leading presidential candidate. Former vice chief of staff, General Mamadu Ture Kuruma, assumed control of the country in the transitional period and started negotiations with opposition parties.

Question: When was a coup d'etat staged?

Question: Who staged the coup d'etat?

Question: Who assumed control of the country after the coup d'etat?

Question: Who did Kuruma negotiate with?

Question: What was Kuruma's former position?
Passage: Guinea-Bissau is a republic. In the past, the government had been highly centralized. Multi-party governance was not established until mid-1991. The president is the head of state and the prime minister is the head of government. Since 1974, no president has successfully served a full five-year term.

Question: What country is listed as a republic?

Question: When had the government been highly centralized?

Question: When was multi-party governance established?

Question: Who is the head of state?

Question: Who is the head of government?
Passage: At the legislative level, a unicameral Assembleia Nacional Popular (National People's Assembly) is made up of 100 members. They are popularly elected from multi-member constituencies to serve a four-year term. The judicial system is headed by a Tribunal Supremo da Justiça (Supreme Court), made up of nine justices appointed by the president; they serve at the pleasure of the president.

Question: How many members compose the legislature?

Question: Is the legislature bicameral or unicameral?

Question: How long do members serve in the legislature?

Question: What is the head of the judicial system?

Question: How many justices are on the Supreme Court?
Passage: João Bernardo "Nino" Vieira was elected in 2005 as President of Guinea-Bissau as an independent, being declared winner of the second round by the CNE (Comité Nacional de Eleições). Vieira returned to power in 2005 six years after being ousted from office during a civil war. Previously, he held power for 19 years after taking power in 1980 in a bloodless coup. In that action, he toppled the government of Luís Cabral.

Question: Who was elected as President in 2005?

Question: What body made the declaration of who won the presidency?

Question: How long was it since Vieira had held the office of president?

Question: What year did Vieira first assume power?

Question: Whose government did Vieira topple in 1980?
Passage: He was killed on 2 March 2009, possibly by soldiers in retaliation for the assassination of General Batista Tagme Na Waie, the head of the joint chiefs of staff, killed in an explosion. Vieira's death did not trigger widespread violence, but there were signs of turmoil in the country, according to the advocacy group Swisspeace. Malam Bacai Sanhá was elected after a transition. In the 2009 election to replace the assassinated Vieira, Sanhá was the presidential candidate of the PAIGC while Kumba Ialá was the presidential candidate of the PRS.

Question: What was NOT triggered by Vieira's death?

Question: When was Vieira killed?

Question: In the 2009 election, who was the candidate of the PAIGC?

Question: In the 2009 election, who was the candidate of the PRS?

Question: Who won the 2009 election?
Passage: In 2012, President Rachide Sambu-balde Malam Bacai Sanhá died. He belonged to PAIGC (African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde), one of the two major political parties in Guinea-Bissau, along with the PRS (Party for Social Renewal). There are more than 20 minor parties.

Question: When did President Sanha die?

Question: What party did Sanha belong to?

Question: Besides the PAIGC, what is the other major political party?

Question: How many minor political parties are there?

Question: What office did Sanha hold in 2012?
Passage: Guinea-Bissau is divided into eight regions (regiões) and one autonomous sector (sector autónomo). These, in turn, are subdivided into 37 Sectors. The regions are:

Question: How many regions does Guinea-Bissau contain?

Question: How many autonomous sectors does Guinea-Bissau contain?

Question: How many subdivided Sectors does Guinea-Bissau contain?
Passage: Guinea-Bissau is bordered by Senegal to the north and Guinea to the south and east, with the Atlantic Ocean to its west. It lies mostly between latitudes 11° and 13°N (a small area is south of 11°), and longitudes 13° and 17°W.

Question: What country is on the north border of Guinea-Bissau?

Question: What country is on the south border of Guinea-Bissau?

Question: What is to the west of Guinea-Bissau?

Question: What latitudes does Guinea-Bissau mostly lie between?

Question: What longitudes does Guinea-Bissau mostly lie between?
Passage: At 36,125 square kilometres (13,948 sq mi), the country is larger in size than Taiwan or Belgium. It lies at a low altitude; its highest point is 300 metres (984 ft). The terrain of is mostly low coastal plain with swamps of Guinean mangroves rising to Guinean forest-savanna mosaic in the east. Its monsoon-like rainy season alternates with periods of hot, dry harmattan winds blowing from the Sahara. The Bijagos Archipelago lies off of the mainland.

Question: Guinea-Bissau is larger than what two countries?

Question: How high is the highest point in Guinea-Bissau?

Question: What archipelago lies off the mainland?

Question: How many square kilometers is Guinea-Bissau?

Question: Where does Guinea-Bissau get its hot dry winds from?
Passage: Guinea-Bissau is warm all year around and there is little temperature fluctuation; it averages 26.3 °C (79.3 °F). The average rainfall for Bissau is 2,024 millimetres (79.7 in) although this is almost entirely accounted for during the rainy season which falls between June and September/October. From December through April, the country experiences drought.

Question: What is the average rainfall in Bissau, in millimetres?

Question: When is the rainy season in Guinea-Bissau?

Question: What does the country experience from December through April?

Question: When is Guinea-Bissau warm?

Question: What is the average temperature in Guinea-Bissau?
Passage: Guinea-Bissau's GDP per capita is one of the lowest in the world, and its Human Development Index is one of the lowest on earth. More than two-thirds of the population lives below the poverty line. The economy depends mainly on agriculture; fish, cashew nuts and ground nuts are its major exports.

Question: How much of the population lives below the poverty line?

Question: What are Guinea-Bissau's major exports?

Question: What per capita index does Guinea-Bissau rank as one of the lowest in the world?

Question: For what index does Guinea-Bissau rank as one of the lowest on earth?

Question: What area depends on agriculture in Guinea-Bissau?
Passage: A long period of political instability has resulted in depressed economic activity, deteriorating social conditions, and increased macroeconomic imbalances. It takes longer on average to register a new business in Guinea-Bissau (233 days or about 33 weeks) than in any other country in the world except Suriname. [The Economist, Pocket World in Figures, 2008 Edition, London: Profile Books]

Question: Political instability has resulted in what type of economic activity?

Question: Political instability has resulted in what description of social conditions?

Question: What type of imbalances have increased as a result of the instability?

Question: How long does it take to register a business in Guinea-Bissau?

Question: What is the one country that takes longer than Guinea-Bissau to register a business?
Passage: Guinea-Bissau has started to show some economic advances after a pact of stability was signed by the main political parties of the country, leading to an IMF-backed structural reform program. The key challenges for the country in the period ahead are to achieve fiscal discipline, rebuild public administration, improve the economic climate for private investment, and promote economic diversification. After the country became independent from Portugal in 1974 due to the Portuguese Colonial War and the Carnation Revolution, the rapid exodus of the Portuguese civilian, military, and political authorities resulted in considerable damage to the country's economic infrastructure, social order, and standard of living.

Question: What did the main political parties sign to help the economy?

Question: What organization backed a structural reform program?

Question: When did Guinea-Bissau become independent?

Question: What country left Guinea-Bissau in 1974?

Question: What happened in Portugal that contributed to Guinea-Bissau's independence?
Passage: After several years of economic downturn and political instability, in 1997, Guinea-Bissau entered the CFA franc monetary system, bringing about some internal monetary stability. The civil war that took place in 1998 and 1999, and a military coup in September 2003 again disrupted economic activity, leaving a substantial part of the economic and social infrastructure in ruins and intensifying the already widespread poverty. Following the parliamentary elections in March 2004 and presidential elections in July 2005, the country is trying to recover from the long period of instability, despite a still-fragile political situation.

Question: In what year did Guinea-Bissau start to bring some internal monetary stability to the country?

Question: What did the government do in 1997 to increase monetary stability?

Question: What years did the civil war take place?

Question: When was there a military coup in Guinea-Bissau?

Question: When were parliamentary elections held?
Passage: Beginning around 2005, drug traffickers based in Latin America began to use Guinea-Bissau, along with several neighboring West African nations, as a transshipment point to Europe for cocaine. The nation was described by a United Nations official as being at risk for becoming a "narco-state". The government and the military have done little to stop drug trafficking, which increased after the 2012 coup d'état.

Question: When did drug traffickers begin to use Guinea-Bissau?

Question: Where did the drug traffickers come from?

Question: What was the final destination of the drugs going through Guinea-Bissau?

Question: Who described Guinea-Bissau as being at risk for becoming a "narco-state"?

Question: Who has done little to stop drug trafficking in the country?
Passage: According to the 2010 revison of the UN World Population Prospects, Guinea-Bissau's population was 1,515,000 in 2010, compared to 518,000 in 1950. The proportion of the population below the age of 15 in 2010 was 41.3%, 55.4% were aged between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.3% were aged 65 years or older.

Question: What was the population of Guinea-Bissau in 1950?

Question: What was the population of Guinea-Bissau in 2010?

Question: What is the source of the population data?

Question: What percentage of the population was below the age of 15?

Question: What percentage of the population was 65 or older?
Passage: Portuguese natives comprise a very small percentage of Guinea-Bissauans. After Guinea-Bissau gained independence, most of the Portuguese nationals left the country. The country has a tiny Chinese population. These include traders and merchants of mixed Portuguese and Chinese ancestry from Macau, a former Asian Portuguese colony.

Question: What natives comprise a very small percentage of the population?

Question: Who left the country after Guinea-Bissau gained independence?

Question: What ethnic group has a tiny population in Guinea-Bissau?

Question: What is the name of a former Asian Portuguese colony?

Question: What is the ancestry of the Chinese population in Guinea-Bissau?
Passage: 14% of the population speaks the official language Portuguese, the language of government and national communication during centuries of colonial rule. 44% speak Kriol, a Portuguese-based creole language, which is effectively a national language of communication among groups. The remainder speak a variety of native African languages unique to ethnicities.

Question: What percentage of the population speaks Kriol?

Question: What is the official language of Guinea-Bissau?

Question: How long was Guinea-Bissau under colonial rule?

Question: What type of language is Kriol?
Passage: Most Portuguese and Mestiços speak one of the African languages and Kriol as second languages. French is also taught in schools because Guinea-Bissau is surrounded by French-speaking nations. Guinea-Bissau is a full member of the Francophonie.

Question: What is the second language for most Portuguese in Guinea-Bissau?

Question: Why is French taught in school?

Question: What is Guinea-Bissau a full member of?

Question: Who speaks both African languages and Kriol?
Passage: Throughout the 20th century, most Bissau-Guineans practiced some form of Animism. In the early 21st century, many have adopted Islam, which is now practiced by 50% of the country's population. Most of Guinea-Bissau's Muslims are of the Sunni denomination with approximately 2% belonging to the Ahmadiyya sect.

Question: In the 20th century most people practiced some form of what faith?

Question: What religion was adopted by the population in the early 21st century?

Question: What percentage of the population now practices Islam?

Question: What denomination are the majority of Guinea-Bissau's muslims?

Question: What sect does 2% of the population belong to?
Passage: Approximately 10% of the country's population belong to the Christian community, and 40% continue to hold Indigenous beliefs. These statistics can be misleading, however, as many residents practice syncretic forms of Islamic and Christian faiths, combining their practices with traditional African beliefs.

Question: What percentage of the population is Christian?

Question: What percentage of the population continues to hold indigenous beliefs?

Question: What forms of Islamic and Christian faiths do many residents practice?

Question: What do many residents combine with Islamic and Christian practices?
Passage: The prevalence of HIV-infection among the adult population is 1.8%. Only 20% of infected pregnant women receive anti retroviral coverage to prevent transmission to newborns.

Question: What infection has a very small prevalence in Guinea-Bissau?

Question: What percentage of the adult population has an HIV-infection?

Question: How many HIV-infected pregnant women receive retroviral coverage?

Question: What does retroviral coverage help prevent?

Question: Who receives retroviral coverage?
Passage: Malaria kills more residents; 9% of the population have reported infection, It causes three times as many deaths as AIDS. In 2008, fewer than half of children younger than five slept under antimalaria nets or had access to antimalarial drugs.

Question: What kills more residents than AIDS?

Question: What percentage of the population has Malaria?

Question: How many more deaths does malaria cause vs. AIDS?

Question: How many children under five slept under antimalaria nets in 2008?

Question: What type of drugs did many young children not have access to in 2008?
Passage: Despite lowering rates in surrounding countries, cholera rates were reported in November 2012 to be on the rise, with 1,500 cases reported and nine deaths. A 2008 cholera epidemic in Guinea-Bissau affected 14,222 people and killed 225.

Question: What type of disease was reported to be on the rise in Guinea-Bissau?

Question: How many died from cholera in a November 2012 report?

Question: How many died from cholera in a 2008 epidemic?

Question: Where are there reported cholera rates that are lowering?

Question: How many people were affected by the 2008 cholera epidemic?