sentence-transformers/squad huggingface dataset:
Passage: RIBA is based at 66 Portland Place, London—a 1930s Grade II* listed building designed by architect George Grey Wornum with sculptures by Edward Bainbridge Copnall and James Woodford. Parts of the London building are open to the public, including the Library. It has a large architectural bookshop, a café, restaurant and lecture theatres. Rooms are hired out for events.

Question: What is the Royal Institute of British Architects' street address?

Question: Who designed RIBA's headquarters?

Question: What is one room in RIBA's headquarters that can be visited by the public?

Question: For what purpose can rooms be rented at the Royal Institute's building?
Passage: The Institute also maintains a dozen regional offices around the United Kingdom, it opened its first regional office for the East of England at Cambridge in 1966.

Question: How many satellite offices does the Royal Institute run in the UK?

Question: When was RIBA's first satellite office opened?

Question: In what city was the first RIBA branch office opened?

Question: What territory did RIBA's Cambridge branch office cover?
Passage: RIBA Enterprises is the commercial arm of RIBA, with a registered office in Newcastle upon Tyne, a base at 15 Bonhill Street in London, and an office in Newark. It employs over 250 staff, approximately 180 of whom are based in Newcastle.

Question: What is the name of the Royal Institute's business operation?

Question: Where does RIBA's business group have its headquarters office?

Question: How many people work for RIBA Enterprises?

Question: How many of RIBA Enterprises' staff are located at the Newcastle office?
Passage: Its services include RIBA Insight, RIBA Appointments, and RIBA Publishing. It publishes the RIBA Product Selector and RIBA Journal. In Newcastle is the NBS, the National Building Specification, which has 130 staff and deals with the building regulations and the Construction Information Service. RIBA Bookshops, which operates online and at 66 Portland Place, is also part of RIBA Enterprises.

Question: What are three divisions of RIBA Enterprises?

Question: What are two publications produced by RIBA Publishing?

Question: What does NBS stand for?

Question: How many people work for the NBS?

Question: Where is the NBS located?
Passage: The British Architectural Library, sometimes referred to as the RIBA Library, was established in 1834 upon the founding of the institute with donations from members. Now, with over four million items, it is one of the three largest architectural libraries in the world and the largest in Europe. Some items from the collections are on permanent display at the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in the V&A + RIBA Architecture Gallery and included in temporary exhibitions at the RIBA and across Europe and North America. Its collections include:

Question: What is another name for the Royal Institute Library?

Question: When was the RIBA library founded?

Question: How many materials are housed in the RIBA library?

Question: The British Architectural Library is the biggest library of its kind in which continent?

Question: In what institution are some materials from the RIBA collection located?
Passage: The overcrowded conditions of the library was one of the reasons why the RIBA moved from 9 Conduit Street to larger premises at 66 Portland Place in 1934. The library remained open throughout World War Two and was able to shelter the archives of Modernist architect Adolf Loos during the war.

Question: What was the RIBA Library's first address?

Question: Where did RIBA move its library?

Question: In what year did RIBA move its library?

Question: Which architect's work was preserved throughout World War II by the Royal Institute's Library?
Passage: The library is based at two public sites: the Reading Room at the RIBA's headquarters, 66 Portland Place, London; and the RIBA Architecture Study Rooms in the Henry Cole Wing of the V&A. The Reading Room, designed by the building's architect George Grey Wornum and his wife Miriam, retains its original 1934 Art Deco interior with open bookshelves, original furniture and double-height central space. The study rooms, opened in 2004, were designed by Wright & Wright. The library is funded entirely by the RIBA but it is open to the public without charge. It operates a free education programme aimed at students, education groups and families, and an information service for RIBA members and the public through the RIBA Information Centre.

Question: Where is the Royal Institute Library's Reading Room located?

Question: Where are RIBA's Study Rooms located?

Question: What art style was used inthe design of the Reading Room?

Question: In what year did the Royal Institute's Reading Rooms open?

Question: Who is meant to benefit from teaching provided by the RIBA library?
Passage: Since 2004, through the V&A + RIBA Architecture Partnership, the RIBA and V&A have worked together to promote the understanding and enjoyment of architecture.

Question: When did the Victoria and Albert Museum and the Royal Institute of British Architects start a formal relationship?

Question: What is the name of the joint venture involving the Victoria and Albert Museum and the Royal Institute of British Architects?

Question: What is the main goal of the V&A + RIBA partnership?
Passage: In 2004, the two institutions created the Architecture Gallery (Room 128) at the V&A showing artefacts from the collections of both institutions, this was the first permanent gallery devoted to architecture in the UK. The adjacent Architecture Exhibition Space (Room 128a) is used for temporary displays related to architecture. Both spaces were designed by Gareth Hoskins Architects. At the same time the RIBA Library Drawing and Archives Collections moved from 21 Portman Place to new facilities in the Henry Cole Wing at the V&A. Under the Partnership new study rooms were opened where members of the public could view items from the RIBA and V&A architectural collections under the supervision of curatorial staff. These and the nearby education room were designed by Wright & Wright Architects.

Question: In what space at the V&A is the Architecture Gallery located?

Question: What is found at Room 128a of the Victoria & Albert Museum?

Question: Who designed rooms 128 and 128a at the V&A Museum?

Question: Where was the Royal Institute's Drawing and Archives Collections located originally?

Question: What part of the V&A was the Royal Institute's Drawing and Archives collection moved to?
Passage: RIBA runs many awards including the Stirling Prize for the best new building of the year, the Royal Gold Medal (first awarded in 1848), which honours a distinguished body of work, and the Stephen Lawrence Prize for projects with a construction budget of less than £500,000. The RIBA also awards the President's Medals for student work, which are regarded as the most prestigious awards in architectural education, and the RIBA President's Awards for Research. The RIBA European Award was inaugurated in 2005 for work in the European Union, outside the UK. The RIBA National Award and the RIBA International Award were established in 2007. Since 1966, the RIBA also judges regional awards which are presented locally in the UK regions (East, East Midlands, London, North East, North West, Northern Ireland, Scotland, South/South East, South West/Wessex, Wales, West Midlands and Yorkshire).

Question: What does the Royal Institute of British Architects award the Stirling Prize for?

Question: What was the first year in which RIBA's Royal Gold Medal was given?

Question: What is the Royal Gold Medal awarded for?

Question: What is the limit of how much can be spent on projects receiving the Stephen Lawrence Prize?

Question: What is the name of the RIBA awards given to students of architecture?
Passage: Architectural design competitions are used by an organisation that plans to build a new building or refurbish an existing building. They can be used for buildings, engineering work, structures, landscape design projects or public realm artworks. A competition typically asks for architects and/or designers to submit a design proposal in response to a given Brief. The winning design will then be selected by an independent jury panel of design professionals and client representatives. The independence of the jury is vital to the fair conduct of a competition.

Question: What are events that a company can sponsor when it is planning a new construction project or redesigning an existing one?

Question: What is provided to guide entrants in an architectural competition?

Question: What kinds of people generally make up the panels which judge architecture competitions?

Question: What is necessary for the integrity of a design competition?

Question: What kind of artistic production can be supported by design competitions?
Passage: In addition to the Architects Registration Board, the RIBA provides accreditation to architecture schools in the UK under a course validation procedure. It also provides validation to international courses without input from the ARB.

Question: Aside from the ARB, what other organization offers accreditation services for schools serving architects?

Question: What process does RIBA use in its accreditation system?

Question: What kinds of courses does RIBA conduct accreditation services for apart from the Architects Registration Board?
Passage: The RIBA has three parts to the education process: Part I which is generally a three-year first degree, a year-out of at least one year work experience in an architectural practice precedes the Part II which is generally a two-year post graduate diploma or masters. A further year out must be taken before the RIBA Part III professional exams can be taken. Overall it takes a minimum of seven years before an architecture student can seek chartered status.

Question: What is the first step in the Royal Institute's guidelines for education?

Question: What is required by the second stage in the education provisions set out by RIBA?

Question: What does the third part of the Royal Institute's educational process contain?

Question: How long does it take, at the least, for a student to be eligible for the title of Chartered?

Question: What occurs between the second and third parts of the education process prescribed by the Royal Institute?
Passage: In 2007, RIBA called for minimum space standards in newly built British houses after research was published suggesting that British houses were falling behind other European countries. "The average new home sold to people today is significantly smaller than that built in the 1920s... We're way behind the rest of Europe—even densely populated Holland has better proportioned houses than are being built in the country. So let's see minimum space standards for all new homes," said RIBA president Jack Pringle.

Question: What did the Royal Institute support in order to keep up with housing in mainland Europe?

Question: When did the Royal Institute promote setting lower limits on the size of new homes in Britain?

Question: Who was the head of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 2007?

Question: To what decade did Pringle unfavorably compare the size of modern British homes?

Question: What country did Pringle cite as having homes with better proportions than those found in the UK?
Passage: The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an independent agency of the United States government charged with preserving and documenting government and historical records and with increasing public access to those documents, which comprise the National Archives. NARA is officially responsible for maintaining and publishing the legally authentic and authoritative copies of acts of Congress, presidential proclamations and executive orders, and federal regulations. The NARA also transmits votes of the Electoral College to Congress.

Question: NARA is responsible for what collection of archives?

Question: What independent agency preserves the original copy of executive orders?
Passage: The Archivist of the United States is the chief official overseeing the operation of the National Archives and Records Administration. The Archivist not only maintains the official documentation of the passage of amendments to the U.S. Constitution by state legislatures, but has the authority to declare when the constitutional threshold for passage has been reached, and therefore when an act has become an amendment.

Question: What is the official that oversees the operation of NARA?

Question: What member of NARA has the ability to declare when the constitutional threshold of passage has ocurred?
Passage: The Office of the Federal Register publishes the Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, and United States Statutes at Large, among others. It also administers the Electoral College.

Question: What office publishes the Federal Register?

Question: What office administers the Electoral College?

Question: Which office publishes the Code of Federal Regulations?

Question: Which office publishes the United States Statutes at Large?
Passage: The National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)—the agency's grant-making arm—awards funds to state and local governments, public and private archives, colleges and universities, and other nonprofit organizations to preserve and publish historical records. Since 1964, the NHPRC has awarded some 4,500 grants.

Question: Which arm of NARA handles grants?

Question: What year was The National Historical Publications and Records Commission established?

Question: About how many grants has the NHPRC awarded?
Passage: The Office of Government Information Services (OGIS) is a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) resource for the public and the government. Congress has charged NARA with reviewing FOIA policies, procedures and compliance of Federal agencies and to recommend changes to FOIA. NARA's mission also includes resolving FOIA disputes between Federal agencies and requesters.

Question: OGIS provides what resource for the government and public?

Question: What type of dispute does NARA typically resolve?

Question: NARA is ordered by congress to review what type of policies?

Question: What types of recommendations does NARA provide to congress?
Passage: Originally, each branch and agency of the U.S. government was responsible for maintaining its own documents, which often resulted in records loss and destruction. Congress established the National Archives Establishment in 1934 to centralize federal record keeping, with the Archivist of the United States as chief administrator. The National Archives was incorporated with GSA in 1949; in 1985 it became an independent agency as NARA (National Archives and Records Administration).

Question: What year was the National Archives Establishment established in?

Question: In what year did NARA become an independent agency?

Question: In what year was The National Archives merged with GSA?
Passage: The first Archivist, R.D.W. Connor, began serving in 1934, when the National Archives was established by Congress. As a result of a first Hoover Commission recommendation, in 1949 the National Archives was placed within the newly formed General Services Administration (GSA). The Archivist served as a subordinate official to the GSA Administrator until the National Archives and Records Administration became an independent agency on April 1, 1985.

Question: Who was the first Archivist at the National Archives?

Question: When did the first Archivist start at the National Archives?

Question: What branch of the US government established the National Archives?

Question: What commission merged the National Archives with GSA?

Question: The Archivist took on what role after the incorporation of the Nation Archives into GSA?
Passage: In March 2006, it was revealed by the Archivist of the United States in a public hearing that a memorandum of understanding between NARA and various government agencies existed to "reclassify", i.e., withdraw from public access, certain documents in the name of national security, and to do so in a manner such that researchers would not be likely to discover the process (the U.S. reclassification program). An audit indicated that more than one third withdrawn since 1999 did not contain sensitive information. The program was originally scheduled to end in 2007.

Question: When was the reclassification program originally intended to end?

Question: How was the reclassification of documents in '06 revealed?
Passage: In 2010, Executive Order 13526 created the National Declassification Center to coordinate declassification practices across agencies, provide secure document services to other agencies, and review records in NARA custody for declassification.

Question: What year was Executive Order 13526 created?

Question: What Executive order created the National Declassification Center?

Question: What was the aim of Executive Order 13526?
Passage: NARA's holdings are classed into "record groups" reflecting the governmental department or agency from which they originated. Records include paper documents, microfilm, still pictures, motion pictures, and electronic media.

Question: What types of groups are NARA's holdings classified into?

Question: Each record group is classified based on what?

Question: Besides films and other non-static media, what type of media is classified into a group?

Question: Besides the general media and motion picture categories, which category contains media that is not static?
Passage: Archival descriptions of the permanent holdings of the federal government in the custody of NARA are stored in Archival Research Catalog (ARC). The archival descriptions include information on traditional paper holdings, electronic records, and artifacts. As of December 2012, the catalog consisted of about 10 billion logical data records describing 527,000 artifacts and encompassing 81% of NARA's records. There are also 922,000 digital copies of already digitized materials.

Question: Where are archival descriptions of holdings under the custody of NARA stored?

Question: As of the end mid December of 2012, how many logical data records are stored at NARA?

Question: How many digital copies of previously digitized materials were there in December of 2012?

Question: Archival descriptions include traditional paper holdings, electron records, and what?

Question: The 10 billion logical data records are linked to how many artifacts?
Passage: Most records at NARA are in the public domain, as works of the federal government are excluded from copyright protection. However, records from other sources may still be protected by copyright or donor agreements. Executive Order 13526 directs originating agencies to declassify documents if possible before shipment to NARA for long-term storage, but NARA also stores some classified documents until they can be declassified. Its Information Security Oversight Office monitors and sets policy for the U.S. government's security classification system.

Question: Most of NARA's holdings are available to sector?

Question: Federal government works are excluded from what legal protection?

Question: Some records at NARA are legally protected by what?

Question: What executive order directs agencies to declassify documents before sending them to NARA?

Question: What office of NARA oversees the declassification of classified materials?
Passage: Many of NARA's most requested records are frequently used for genealogy research. This includes census records from 1790 to 1930, ships' passenger lists, and naturalization records.

Question: Besides census records and passenger lists, what NARA documents are particularly useful to genealogists?

Question: For what time period does NARA have census records available for?
Passage: The National Archives Building, known informally as Archives I, located north of the National Mall on Constitution Avenue in Washington, D.C., opened as its original headquarters in 1935. It holds the original copies of the three main formative documents of the United States and its government: the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights. It also hosts a copy of the 1297 Magna Carta confirmed by Edward I. These are displayed to the public in the main chamber of the National Archives, which is called the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom. The National Archives Building also exhibits other important American historical documents such as the Louisiana Purchase Treaty, the Emancipation Proclamation, and collections of photography and other historically and culturally significant American artifacts.

Question: What is the informal name of The National Archives Building?

Question: On what street is the The National Archives Building located?

Question: Where is the Declaration of Independence kept?

Question: Where in the National Archives can you view a copy of the Magna Carta?

Question: Where is the Louisiana Purchase Treaty kept?
Passage: Once inside the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom, there are no lines to see the individual documents and visitors are allowed to walk from document to document as they wish. For over 30 years the National Archives have forbidden flash photography but the advent of cameras with automatic flashes have made the rules increasingly difficult to enforce. As a result, all filming, photographing, and videotaping by the public in the exhibition areas has been prohibited since February 25, 2010.

Question: Since when has all filming and photography in the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom been banned?

Question: For how long has the National Archives prohibited flash photography?

Question: What is an aspect of a visit to the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom?

Question: What has made the no photography rule hard to enforce in the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom?
Passage: Because of space constraints, NARA opened a second facility, known informally as Archives II, in 1994 near the University of Maryland, College Park campus (8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD, 20740-6001). Largely because of this proximity, NARA and the University of Maryland engage in cooperative initiatives. The College Park campus includes an archaeological site that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

Question: What is the second facility of NARA named?

Question: When was Archives II opened?

Question: What college is Archives II closest to?

Question: What college does NARA have cooperatives initiatives with?

Question: What campus of University of Maryland is listed on the National Register of Historic Places?
Passage: The Washington National Records Center (WNRC), located in Suitland, Maryland is a large warehouse type facility which stores federal records which are still under the control of the creating agency. Federal government agencies pay a yearly fee for storage at the facility. In accordance with federal records schedules, documents at WNRC are transferred to the legal custody of the National Archives after a certain point (this usually involves a relocation of the records to College Park). Temporary records at WNRC are either retained for a fee or destroyed after retention times has elapsed. WNRC also offers research services and maintains a small research room.

Question: Where is The Washington National Records Center located?

Question: What does The Washington National Records Center primarily store?

Question: After staying at the WNRC, where are records transferred to?

Question: What happens to temporary records at the WNRC if they are not retrieved by the end of the retention times?

Question: Beyond the storage of federal records, what service does the WNRC provide?