sentence-transformers/squad huggingface dataset:
Passage: West's first six solo studio albums, all of which have gone platinum, have received numerous awards and critical acclaim. All of his albums have been commercially successful, with Yeezus, his sixth solo album, becoming his fifth consecutive No. 1 album in the U.S. upon release. West has had six songs exceed 3 million in digital sales as of December 2012, with "Gold Digger" selling 3,086,000, "Stronger" selling 4,402,000, "Heartless" selling 3,742,000, "E.T." selling over 4,000,000, "Love Lockdown" selling over 3,000,000, and "Niggas in Paris" selling over 3,000,000, placing him third in overall digital sales of the past decade. He has sold over 30 million digital songs in the United States making him one of the best-selling digital artists of all-time.

Question: How many songs has Kanye had that have exceeded 3 million digital sales?

Question: How many songs has Kanye sold digitally in his career?

Question: How many of West's six albums have gone platinum?

Question: What was Kanye's fifth consecutive number one album?

Question: As of 2012, how many downloads have there been of "Golddigger"?

Question: What rank is West in total sales for the last decade?

Question: How many total digital songs has Kanye West sold in the US?
Passage: As of 2013, West has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all-time. About.com ranked Kanye West No. 8 on their "Top 50 Hip-Hop Producers" list. On May 16, 2008, Kanye West was crowned by MTV as the year's No. 1 "Hottest MC in the Game." On December 17, 2010, Kanye West was voted as the MTV Man of the Year by MTV. Billboard ranked Kanye West No. 3 on their list of Top 10 Producers of the Decade. West ties with Bob Dylan for having topped the annual Pazz & Jop critic poll the most number of times ever, with four number-one albums each. West has also been included twice in the Time 100 annual lists of the most influential people in the world as well as being listed in a number of Forbes annual lists.

Question: How many Grammies has Kanye won as of 2013?

Question: With which artist does Kanye tie with for reaching the top of the annual Pazz & Jop Critic Poll?

Question: How many times has Kanye placed in the annual Time Magazine people list?

Question: In 2013, West had won how many total Grammy Awards?

Question: What rank did About.com give Kanye "Top 50 Hip-Hop Producers" list?

Question: On what day did MTV name Kanye as the year's Number 1 "Hottest MC in the Game."?

Question: December 17, 2010 was the day Kanye was nominated by MTV for what?

Question: What musician did West tie with for topping the annual Pazz & Jop critic poll 4 times each?
Passage: In its 2012 list of "500 Greatest Albums of All Time, Rolling Stone included three of West's albums—The College Dropout at number 298, Late Registration at number 118, and My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy at number 353.

Question: How many of Kanye's albums placed on the 2012 Rolling Stone list?

Question: How many of West's albums were included on Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time list?
Passage: The Pitchfork online music publication ranked My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy as the world's best album of the decade "so far"—between 2010 and 2014—on August 19, 2014, while Yeezus was ranked in the eighth position of a list of 100 albums. During the same week, the song "Runaway" (featuring Pusha T) was ranked in the third position in the publication's list of the 200 "best tracks" released since 2010.

Question: Which one of Kanye's albums won The Pitchfork's Album of the Decade (so far) award?

Question: What place did Yeezus secure on the list of 100 albums?

Question: What online music publication ranked Kanye's album "My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy" as the world's best album so far?

Question: What album was ranked 8 on a list of 100 albums?

Question: What song was ranked third in a list of 200 "best tracks" since 2010?
Passage: West's outspoken views and ventures outside of music have received significant mainstream attention. He has been a frequent source of controversy and public scrutiny for his conduct at award shows, on social media, and in other public settings. His more publicized comments include his declaration that President George W. Bush "doesn't care about black people" during a live 2005 television broadcast for Hurricane Katrina relief, and his interruption of singer Taylor Swift at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards. West's efforts as a designer include collaborations with Nike, Louis Vuitton, and A.P.C. on both clothing and footwear, and have most prominently resulted in the Yeezy Season collaboration with Adidas beginning in 2013. He is the founder and head of the creative content company DONDA.

Question: What President did Kanye West insult on air in 2005?

Question: Whose speech did Kanye West ruin at the 2009 MTV Awards?

Question: What fashion items does Kanye West design?

Question: What company did Kanye West begin?

Question: What year did Kanye West begin working with Adidas?
Passage: Buddhism /ˈbudɪzəm/ is a nontheistic religion[note 1] or philosophy (Sanskrit: धर्म dharma; Pali: धम्म dhamma) that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha, commonly known as the Buddha ("the awakened one"). According to Buddhist tradition, the Buddha lived and taught in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, present-day Nepal sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE.[note 1] He is recognized by Buddhists as an awakened or enlightened teacher who shared his insights to help sentient beings end their suffering through the elimination of ignorance and craving. Buddhists believe that this is accomplished through the direct understanding and perception of dependent origination and the Four Noble Truths.

Question: What type of religion is Buddhism?

Question: What are the practices of Buddhism based on?

Question: Where did the Buddha live?

Question: How do Buddhists believe their suffering can be ended?

Question: What did the Buddha teach should be given up to end suffering?

Question: What type of religion is Buddhism?

Question: Who's teaching is Buddhism based upon?

Question: When was Buddha alive?

Question: Where did Buddha reside when he was alive?

Question: Who's teachings is Buddhism based upon?

Question: Where was Buddha thought to live?

Question: When approximately was Buddha alive?

Question: Buddhism is based on the teaching of who?

Question: How many noble truths are there?

Question: Buddha was part of what subcontinent?

Question: Who is "the awakened one"
Passage: Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle"). Vajrayana, a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas, may be viewed as a third branch or merely a part of Mahayana. Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. Mahayana which includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai (Tendai) is found throughout East Asia. Tibetan Buddhism, which preserves the Vajrayana teachings of eighth century India, is practiced in regions surrounding the Himalayas, Mongolia and Kalmykia. Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million, making it one of the world's major religions.

Question: What are the two major branches of Buddhism?

Question: What is sometimes viewed as the third branch of Buddhism?

Question: Where does Theravada have the largest following?

Question: Mahayana includes which practices of Buddhism?

Question: What is the estimated number of Buddhists in the world?

Question: Which branch practices the teachings of Zen?

Question: What minor branch is sometimes attributed to Mahayana?

Question: What kind of teachings does Tibetan Buddhism preserve?

Question: Vajrayana is attributed to who?

Question: Theravada means what?
Passage: In Theravada Buddhism, the ultimate goal is the attainment of the sublime state of Nirvana, achieved by practicing the Noble Eightfold Path (also known as the Middle Way), thus escaping what is seen as a cycle of suffering and rebirth. Mahayana Buddhism instead aspires to Buddhahood via the bodhisattva path, a state wherein one remains in this cycle to help other beings reach awakening. Tibetan Buddhism aspires to Buddhahood or rainbow body.

Question: What is the goal of Theravada Buddhism?

Question: How is Nirvana achieved?

Question: What is the bodhisattva path?

Question: What is the goal of Tibetan Buddhism?

Question: How is Nirvana attained?

Question: In what buddhism is the goal a state of nirvana?

Question: What buddhism has a goal of Buddhahood or rainbow body?

Question: The Noble Eightfold Path is also known as what?

Question: Mahayana aspires to Buddhahood through what path?

Question: Theravada escapes what cycle?
Passage: Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.

Question: What are the Three Jewels of the Buddhist tradition?

Question: What is one of the Ten Meritorious Deeds of Buddhism?

Question: What other practices do Buddhists adhere to?

Question: What is one of the Ten Meritorious Deeds?

Question: Buddhism denies what kind of deity?

Question: Of the Ten Meritorious Deeds, giving charity reduces what?

Question: Invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas is in what tradition?
Passage: This narrative draws on the Nidānakathā of the Jataka tales of the Theravada, which is ascribed to Buddhaghoṣa in the 5th century CE. Earlier biographies such as the Buddhacarita, the Lokottaravādin Mahāvastu, and the Sarvāstivādin Lalitavistara Sūtra, give different accounts. Scholars are hesitant to make unqualified claims about the historical facts of the Buddha's life. Most accept that he lived, taught and founded a monastic order, but do not consistently accept all of the details contained in his biographies.

Question: The Nidānakathā of the Jataka tales of the Theravada is attributed to who?

Question: What are some other biographies that differ from the Jataka tales?

Question: What do scholars recognize about the life of the Buddha?

Question: When was the Buddhagohosa written?

Question: What is one of the earlier biographies on Buddhism?

Question: Who founded a monastic order in his life?

Question: Scholars do not make claims without evidence about who's life?

Question: Most accept that Buddha lived and taught in what type of order?

Question: The Jataka tales of the Theravada happened in what century?
Passage: According to author Michael Carrithers, while there are good reasons to doubt the traditional account, "the outline of the life must be true: birth, maturity, renunciation, search, awakening and liberation, teaching, death." In writing her biography of the Buddha, Karen Armstrong noted, "It is obviously difficult, therefore, to write a biography of the Buddha that meets modern criteria, because we have very little information that can be considered historically sound... [but] we can be reasonably confident Siddhatta Gotama did indeed exist and that his disciples preserved the memory of his life and teachings as well as they could."[dubious – discuss]

Question: Who said "the outline of the life must be true: birth, maturity, renunciation, search, awakening and liberation, teaching, death."?

Question: What are some of the outlines of life?

Question: Who wrote a biography of Buddha?

Question: What do some say is Buddha's real name?

Question: What are the helpers called that helped Buddha?

Question: Who believes "the outline of the life must be true" in reference to Buddha?

Question: Karen Armstrong wrote a biography on who?

Question: Karen Armstrong has said that we can be confident who existed?
Passage: The evidence of the early texts suggests that Siddhārtha Gautama was born in a community that was on the periphery, both geographically and culturally, of the northeastern Indian subcontinent in the fifth century BCE. It was either a small republic, in which case his father was an elected chieftain, or an oligarchy, in which case his father was an oligarch.

Question: According to early texts, when was Siddhārtha Gautama born?

Question: According to early texts, where was Siddhārtha Gautama born?

Question: What type of community was Siddhārtha Gautama raised in?

Question: Where was Siddhārtha Gautama born?

Question: When did Siddhārtha Gautama live?

Question: What size was Siddhārtha Gautama's birthplace?

Question: Where did we find proof of his existence?

Question: What was most likely Siddhārtha Gautama's father?

Question: Who was born in a northeastern part of India/

Question: If Siddhartha lived in a small republic, his father would have been a what?
Passage: According to this narrative, shortly after the birth of young prince Gautama, an astrologer named Asita visited the young prince's father, Suddhodana, and prophesied that Siddhartha would either become a great king or renounce the material world to become a holy man, depending on whether he saw what life was like outside the palace walls.

Question: What was the name of the astrologer who visited Prince Gautama's father?

Question: What was the prediction made by Asita?

Question: According to Asita, how would Siddhartha decide which path to take in life?

Question: What was the occupation of the person who visited Gautama?

Question: What was the name of his father?

Question: What was Buddha predicted to become contrary with his life as we know it?

Question: What was the name of the astrologer that visited Gautama's father?

Question: What is Gautama's fathers name?

Question: Asita prophesied that Siddhartha would be a kind or a what?
Passage: Śuddhodana was determined to see his son become a king, so he prevented him from leaving the palace grounds. But at age 29, despite his father's efforts, Gautama ventured beyond the palace several times. In a series of encounters—known in Buddhist literature as the four sights—he learned of the suffering of ordinary people, encountering an old man, a sick man, a corpse and, finally, an ascetic holy man, apparently content and at peace with the world. These experiences prompted Gautama to abandon royal life and take up a spiritual quest.

Question: What did Śuddhodana do to ensure that his son became a king instead of a holy man?

Question: How old was Gautama when he first left the palace grounds?

Question: What happened when Gautama left the palace grounds?

Question: What are the four sights in Buddhism?

Question: What did Buddha's father want him to become?

Question: By what age was he venturing outside?

Question: What were his first four encounters called?

Question: What did Gautama do after learning about the outside world?

Question: Suddhodana wanted his son to become what?

Question: At what age did Gautama venture out from the palace area?

Question: How many "sights" did Gautama have that are well known?

Question: Gautama encountered an old man, a sick man, a holy man, and a what?
Passage: Gautama first went to study with famous religious teachers of the day, and mastered the meditative attainments they taught. But he found that they did not provide a permanent end to suffering, so he continued his quest. He next attempted an extreme asceticism, which was a religious pursuit common among the śramaṇas, a religious culture distinct from the Vedic one. Gautama underwent prolonged fasting, breath-holding, and exposure to pain. He almost starved himself to death in the process. He realized that he had taken this kind of practice to its limit, and had not put an end to suffering. So in a pivotal moment he accepted milk and rice from a village girl and changed his approach. He devoted himself to anapanasati meditation, through which he discovered what Buddhists call the Middle Way (Skt. madhyamā-pratipad): a path of moderation between the extremes of self-indulgence and self-mortification.[web 2][web 3]

Question: What was the first thing Gautama did on his spiritual quest?

Question: What is the path of moderation between the extremes of self-indulgence and self-mortification called?

Question: What are some of the practices Gautama underwent on his quest?

Question: What was the first skill Gautama learnt?

Question: What almost killed Gautama in his pursuit?

Question: What did he receive from the locals that changed his approach?

Question: What is the path of moderation called he followed?

Question: Gautama didn't like the religious teaching he initially found because of why?

Question: What did Gautama accept from a village girl?

Question: Gautama devoted himself to what type of meditation?

Question: Buddhists call anapanasati what?
Passage: Gautama was now determined to complete his spiritual quest. At the age of 35, he famously sat in meditation under a Ficus religiosa tree now called the Bodhi Tree in the town of Bodh Gaya and vowed not to rise before achieving enlightenment. After many days, he finally destroyed the fetters of his mind, thereby liberating himself from the cycle of suffering and rebirth, and arose as a fully enlightened being (Skt. samyaksaṃbuddha). Soon thereafter, he attracted a band of followers and instituted a monastic order. Now, as the Buddha, he spent the rest of his life teaching the path of awakening he had discovered, traveling throughout the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, and died at the age of 80 (483 BCE) in Kushinagar, India. The south branch of the original fig tree available only in Anuradhapura Sri Lanka is known as Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi.

Question: How old was Gautama when he sat under the Bodhi Tree?

Question: What kind of tree was the Bodhi Tree?

Question: What did Gautama spend the rest of his life doing after reaching enlightenment?

Question: How old was the Buddha at the time of his death?

Question: What is the south branch of the tree Gautama sat under called?

Question: What was the tree called he sat under?

Question: What was the tree renamed that Gautama achieved enlightenment under?

Question: At what age did Gautama come to pass?

Question: When he was 35 Gautama sat in meditation under what tree?

Question: What type of tree was the Bodhi Tree?

Question: What town was the Bodhi Tree in?

Question: The south branch of the original fig tree is known as?
Passage: Within Buddhism, samsara is defined as the continual repetitive cycle of birth and death that arises from ordinary beings' grasping and fixating on a self and experiences. Specifically, samsara refers to the process of cycling through one rebirth after another within the six realms of existence,[note 2] where each realm can be understood as physical realm or a psychological state characterized by a particular type of suffering. Samsara arises out of avidya (ignorance) and is characterized by dukkha (suffering, anxiety, dissatisfaction). In the Buddhist view, liberation from samsara is possible by following the Buddhist path.

Question: What is samsara?

Question: What is avidya?

Question: What is dukkha?

Question: Is liberation from samsara possible?

Question: The cycle of birth and death is called what in Buddhism?

Question: How many realms of existence are there in Buddhism?

Question: avidya is what kind of samsara?

Question: How can you be freed from samsara?

Question: What is samsara defined as?

Question: How many realms of existance are within the cycle of rebirths?

Question: Realms can be understood as physical realms of what type of states?

Question: Samsara is caused by what?

Question: A person can get away from samsara by doing what?
Passage: In Buddhism, Karma (from Sanskrit: "action, work") is the force that drives saṃsāra—the cycle of suffering and rebirth for each being. Good, skillful deeds (Pali: "kusala") and bad, unskillful (Pāli: "akusala") actions produce "seeds" in the mind that come to fruition either in this life or in a subsequent rebirth. The avoidance of unwholesome actions and the cultivation of positive actions is called sīla. Karma specifically refers to those actions of body, speech or mind that spring from mental intent (cetanā), and bring about a consequence or phala "fruit" or vipāka "result".

Question: What does the Sanskrit term Karma translate as?

Question: What is karma according to Buddhism?

Question: What is theavoidance of unwholesome actions and the cultivation of positive actions called?

Question: What actions does karma refer to in Buddhism?

Question: What is the definition of Karma from Sanskrit?

Question: What is the avoidance of bad acts called?

Question: Karma's actions come from what?

Question: What is the result of Karma called?

Question: What is Karma?

Question: Avoidance of unwholesome actions and use of positive actions is called what?

Question: what does vipaka mean?
Passage: In Theravada Buddhism there can be no divine salvation or forgiveness for one's karma, since it is a purely impersonal process that is a part of the makeup of the universe.[citation needed] In Mahayana Buddhism, the texts of certain Mahayana sutras (such as the Lotus Sutra, the Aṅgulimālīya Sūtra and the Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra) claim that the recitation or merely the hearing of their texts can expunge great swathes of negative karma. Some forms of Buddhism (for example, Vajrayana) regard the recitation of mantras as a means for cutting off of previous negative karma. The Japanese Pure Land teacher Genshin taught that Amitābha has the power to destroy the karma that would otherwise bind one in saṃsāra.

Question: In which branch of Buddhism is it believed that there can be no divine salvation or forgiveness for karma?

Question: In Mahayana Buddhism, what are some Mahayana sutras that are believed to remove negative karma just by the hearing of the texts?

Question: The reciting of mantras as a means for removing past negative karma is a part of which branch of Buddhism?

Question: According to Genshin, who has the power to destroy karma?

Question: What Buddhism says that salvation is unattainable?

Question: Who has the power to destroy bad karma?

Question: What type of sutra is the Lotus Sutra?

Question: Some mantras are used for cutting off what type of karma?

Question: Who was the Japanese Pure Land teacher?

Question: According to Genshin, whats has the power to destroy karma?