sentence-transformers/squad huggingface dataset:
Passage: The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up to the high water level was declared the property of the Japanese government. On the archipelago, before it banned foreign traders, the activities of Catholic and Protestant missionaries were allowed. Indigenous people were educated in Japanese schools, and studied Japanese language and Japanese culture. This policy was the government strategy not only in the Marshall Islands, but on all the other mandated territories in Micronesia. On March 27, 1933, Japan handed in its notice at the League of Nations, but continued to manage the islands, and in the late 1930s began building air bases on several atolls. The Marshall Islands were in an important geographical position, being the easternmost point in Japan's defensive ring at the beginning of World War II.

Question: What was the traditional social organization of the Marshall Islanders?

Question: What system of social organization was used in Japan?

Question: On what date did the Japanese leave the League of Nations?

Question: What language were Marshall Islanders taught in schools while under Japanese colonial administration?

Question: Along with Protestants, missionaries from what denomination were allowed to operate in the Marshalls?
Passage: In the months before the attack on Pearl Harbor, Kwajalein Atoll was the administrative center of the Japanese 6th Fleet Forces Service, whose task was the defense of the Marshall Islands.

Question: What Japanese fleet was based in the Marshall Islands?

Question: On what atoll was the 6th Fleet Forces Service based?

Question: What was the mission of the 6th Fleet Forces Service?
Passage: In World War II, the United States, during the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, invaded and occupied the islands in 1944, destroying or isolating the Japanese garrisons. In just one month in 1944, Americans captured Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak, and, in the next two months, the rest of the Marshall Islands, except for Wotje, Mili, Maloelap and Jaluit.

Question: During what conflict did the US occupy the Marshall Islands?

Question: What was the name of the campaign in which the US occupied the Marshalls?

Question: In what year did the United States occupy the Marshalls?

Question: How many months did it take for the US to occupy Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak?

Question: Along with Mili, Maloelap and Jaluit, what parts of the Marshall Islands were not occupied in the first three months of the American campaign?
Passage: The battle in the Marshall Islands caused irreparable damage, especially on Japanese bases. During the American bombing, the islands' population suffered from lack of food and various injuries. U.S. attacks started in mid-1943, and caused half the Japanese garrison of 5,100 people in the atoll Mili to die from hunger by August 1945.

Question: In what year did American air attacks on the Marshalls begin?

Question: How large was the Japanese garrison on Mili?

Question: What fraction of the Japanese garrison on Mili died due to hunger?

Question: Along with injuries, what suffering did the American bombing cause to the Marshall Islanders?
Passage: Following capture and occupation by the United States during World War II, the Marshall Islands, along with several other island groups located in Micronesia, passed formally to the United States under United Nations auspices in 1947 as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 21.

Question: During what conflict did the US occupy the Marshalls?

Question: What resolution of the UN Security Council gave the United States control over the Marshalls?

Question: In what year was the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands created?

Question: What is the name of the broader region that the Marshall Islands are a part of?
Passage: During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. "The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over 7,200 times more powerful than the atomic weapons used during World War II." With the 1952 test of the first U.S. hydrogen bomb, code named "Ivy Mike," the island of Elugelab in the Enewetak atoll was destroyed. In 1956, the United States Atomic Energy Commission regarded the Marshall Islands as "by far the most contaminated place in the world."

Question: In what year did the Cold War begin?

Question: How many nuclear weapons were tested in the Marshall Islands between 1946 and 1958?

Question: What was the name of the United States' largest atmospheric nuclear test?

Question: What was the yield of the Castle Bravo bombs in kilotons?

Question: Which of the Marshall Islands was destroyed in a United States hydrogen bomb test?
Passage: Nuclear claims between the U.S. and the Marshall Islands are ongoing, and health effects from these nuclear tests linger. Project 4.1 was a medical study conducted by the United States of those residents of the Bikini Atoll exposed to radioactive fallout. From 1956 to August 1998, at least $759 million was paid to the Marshallese Islanders in compensation for their exposure to U.S. nuclear weapon testing.

Question: What was the name of the US study of nuclear fallout on Bikini Atoll?

Question: When did the United States begin to pay compensation to Marshall Islanders for nuclear weapon exposure?

Question: In millions of dollars, how much money did the United States pay out in nuclear testing compensation to Marshall Island residents between 1956 and 1998?
Passage: In 1986, the Compact of Free Association with the United States entered into force, granting the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) its sovereignty. The Compact provided for aid and U.S. defense of the islands in exchange for continued U.S. military use of the missile testing range at Kwajalein Atoll. The independence procedure was formally completed under international law in 1990, when the UN officially ended the Trusteeship status pursuant to Security Council Resolution 683.

Question: What document granted sovereignty to the Marshall Islands?

Question: In what year did the Marshall Islands receive sovereignty?

Question: Where in the Marshall Islands does the United States have a missile testing range?

Question: When did UN Trusteeship over the Marshall Islands end?

Question: What Security Council Resolution ended UN Trusteeship over the Marshalls?
Passage: In 2008, extreme waves and high tides caused widespread flooding in the capital city of Majuro and other urban centres, 3 feet (0.91 m) above sea level. On Christmas morning in 2008, the government declared a state of emergency. In 2013, heavy waves once again breached the city walls of Majuro.

Question: What is the capital of the Marshall Islands?

Question: On what day in 2008 did the Marshall Island government declare a state of emergency?

Question: In meters, how high were the 2008 floods?

Question: What caused the 2008 floods?

Question: In what year did waves overcome the walls of the capital city?
Passage: In 2013, the northern atolls of the Marshall Islands experienced drought. The drought left 6,000 people surviving on less than 1 litre (0.22 imp gal; 0.26 US gal) of water per day. This resulted in the failure of food crops and the spread of diseases such as diarrhea, pink eye, and influenza. These emergencies resulted in the United States President declaring an emergency in the islands. This declaration activated support from US government agencies under the Republic's "free association" status with the United States, which provides humanitarian and other vital support.

Question: What part of the Marshall Islands experienced drought in 2013?

Question: How many people were stricken by drought in 2013?

Question: In the drought stricken areas, how many litres of water did residents consume each day?

Question: Along with pink eye and influenza, what other health issue was caused by the drought?

Question: What official declared a state of emergency in the Marshall Islands in response to the drought?
Passage: Following the 2013 emergencies, the Minister of Foreign Affairs Tony de Brum was encouraged by the Obama administration in the United States to turn the crises into an opportunity to promote action against climate change. De Brum demanded new commitment and international leadership to stave off further climate disasters from battering his country and other similarly vulnerable countries. In September 2013, the Marshall Islands hosted the 44th Pacific Islands Forum summit. De Brum proposed a Majuro Declaration for Climate Leadership to galvanize concrete action on climate change.

Question: As of 2013, who was the Marshall Islands Minister of Foreign Affairs?

Question: In what month and year did the 44th Pacific Islands Forum summit take place?

Question: What document did Foreign Minister de Brum present at the 44th Pacific Islands Forum summit?

Question: What environmental issue did the Majuro Declaration for Climate Leadership address?

Question: Who encouraged de Brum to address climate issues?
Passage: The government of the Marshall Islands operates under a mixed parliamentary-presidential system as set forth in its Constitution. Elections are held every four years in universal suffrage (for all citizens above 18), with each of the twenty-four constituencies (see below) electing one or more representatives (senators) to the lower house of RMI's unicameral legislature, the Nitijela. (Majuro, the capital atoll, elects five senators.) The President, who is head of state as well as head of government, is elected by the 33 senators of the Nitijela. Four of the five Marshallese presidents who have been elected since the Constitution was adopted in 1979 have been traditional paramount chiefs.

Question: What is the governing system of the Marshall Islands?

Question: How old must a citizen of the Marshall Islands be to vote?

Question: How often are elections held in the Marshall Islands?

Question: What is the name of the Marshall Islands legislature?

Question: When was the most recent constitution of the Marshall Islands adopted?
Passage: Legislative power lies with the Nitijela. The upper house of Parliament, called the Council of Iroij, is an advisory body comprising twelve tribal chiefs. The executive branch consists of the President and the Presidential Cabinet, which consists of ten ministers appointed by the President with the approval of the Nitijela. The twenty-four electoral districts into which the country is divided correspond to the inhabited islands and atolls. There are currently four political parties in the Marshall Islands: Aelon̄ Kein Ad (AKA), United People's Party (UPP), Kien Eo Am (KEA) and United Democratic Party (UDP). Rule is shared by the AKA and the UDP. The following senators are in the legislative body:

Question: What is the name of the upper house of the Marshall Islands Parliament?

Question: Who comprises the upper house of the Marshall Islands Parliament?

Question: How many ministers are in the Presidential Cabinet?

Question: Along with the United Democratic Party, what party currently rules the Marshall Islands?

Question: How many electoral districts exist in the Marshall Islands?
Passage: The Compact of Free Association with the United States gives the U.S. sole responsibility for international defense of the Marshall Islands. It allows islanders to live and work in the United States and establishes economic and technical aid programs.

Question: What document governs the defense of the Marshall Islands?

Question: What nation is responsible for the defense of the Marshall Islands?

Question: Along with economic aid, what assistance does the Compact of Free Association provide?
Passage: The Marshall Islands was admitted to the United Nations based on the Security Council's recommendation on August 9, 1991, in Resolution 704 and the General Assembly's approval on September 17, 1991, in Resolution 46/3. In international politics within the United Nations, the Marshall Islands has often voted consistently with the United States with respect to General Assembly resolutions.

Question: When did the UN Security Council recommend that the Marshall Islands be allowed to join the UN?

Question: When did the UN General Assembly approve the Marshall Islands joining the UN?

Question: What nation does the Marshall Islands vote similarly to in the General Assembly?

Question: What Security Council Resolution recommended that the Marshall Islands be allowed to join the UN?
Passage: On 28 April 2015, the Iranian navy seized the Marshall Island-flagged MV Maersk Tigris near the Strait of Hormuz. The ship had been chartered by Germany's Rickmers Ship Management, which stated that the ship contained no special cargo and no military weapons. The ship was reported to be under the control of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard according to the Pentagon. Tensions escallated in the region due to the intensifying of Saudi-led coalition attacks in Yemen. The Pentagon reported that the destroyer USS Farragut and a maritime reconnaissance aircraft were dispatched upon receiving a distress call from the ship Tigris and it was also reported that all 34 crew members were detained. US defense officials have said that they would review U.S. defense obligations to the Government of the Marshall Islands in the wake of recent events and also condemned the shots fired at the bridge as "inappropriate". It was reported in May 2015 that Tehran would release the ship after it paid a penalty.

Question: On what date did the Iranian Navy capture a Marshall Islands ship?

Question: What was the name of the Marshall Islands ship seized by Iran?

Question: Who chartered the captured Marshall Islands ship?

Question: How many crew members were on the MV Maersk Tigris?

Question: Near what body of water was the Maersk Tigris seized?
Passage: The islands are located about halfway between Hawaii and Australia, north of Nauru and Kiribati, east of the Federated States of Micronesia, and south of the U.S. territory of Wake Island, to which it lays claim. The atolls and islands form two groups: the Ratak (sunrise) and the Ralik (sunset). The two island chains lie approximately parallel to one another, running northwest to southeast, comprising about 750,000 square miles (1,900,000 km2) of ocean but only about 70 square miles (180 km2) of land mass. Each includes 15 to 18 islands and atolls. The country consists of a total of 29 atolls and five isolated islands.

Question: What nation lies to the west of the Marshall Islands?

Question: What United States territory does the Marshall Islands claim?

Question: How many square kilometers of ocean do the Marshall Islands cover?

Question: How many square kilometers of land do the Marshall Islands cover?

Question: How many atolls are part of the Marshall Islands?
Passage: In October 2011, the government declared that an area covering nearly 2,000,000 square kilometres (772,000 sq mi) of ocean shall be reserved as a shark sanctuary. This is the world's largest shark sanctuary, extending the worldwide ocean area in which sharks are protected from 2,700,000 to 4,600,000 square kilometres (1,042,000 to 1,776,000 sq mi). In protected waters, all shark fishing is banned and all by-catch must be released. However, some have questioned the ability of the Marshall Islands to enforce this zone.

Question: How large is the Marshall Islands shark sanctuary in square miles?

Question: In what month and year did the Marshall Islands declare the largest shark sanctuary in the world?

Question: In how many square miles of ocean around the world are sharks protected?

Question: What is forbidden in shark sanctuaries?
Passage: The Marshall Islands also lays claim to Wake Island. While Wake has been administered by the United States since 1899, the Marshallese government refers to it by the name Enen-kio.

Question: What island do the Marshall Islands claim?

Question: Who controls Wake Island?

Question: In what year did the US take control of Wake Island?

Question: What does the Marshall Islands government call Wake Island?
Passage: The climate is hot and humid, with a wet season from May to November. Many Pacific typhoons begin as tropical storms in the Marshall Islands region, and grow stronger as they move west toward the Mariana Islands and the Philippines.

Question: When does the wet season in the Marshalls begin?

Question: In what month does the Marshall Islands wet season end?

Question: Typhoons sometimes begin as what whether event in the Marshalls?

Question: Along with the Marianas, where do typhoons that begin in the Marshalls sometimes terminate?
Passage: Due to its very low elevation, the Marshall Islands are threatened by the potential effects of sea level rise. According to the president of Nauru, the Marshall Islands are the most endangered nation in the world due to flooding from climate change.

Question: What feature makes the Marshalls susceptible to harm due to rising sea levels?

Question: Who said that the Marshalls are the most endangered nation in the world?

Question: Why are the Marshall Islands the most endangered nation on Earth?
Passage: Population has outstripped the supply of freshwater, usually from rainfall. The northern atolls get 50 inches (1,300 mm) of rainfall annually; the southern atolls about twice that. The threat of drought is commonplace throughout the island chains.

Question: How many millimeters of rain do the northern atolls of the Marshall Islands receive?

Question: What is the main source of fresh water for the Marshall Islands?

Question: What is the Marshall Islands often threatened with?

Question: How much more rain do the southern atolls get compared to the northern?
Passage: In 2007, the Marshall Islands joined the International Labour Organization, which means its labour laws will comply with international benchmarks. This may impact business conditions in the islands.

Question: What body did the Marshall Islands join in 2007?

Question: What is the significance of the Marshall Islands joining the International Labour Organization?

Question: What may see benefits from the Marshalls joining the International Labour Organization?
Passage: United States government assistance is the mainstay of the economy. Under terms of the Amended Compact of Free Association, the U.S. is committed to provide US$57.7 million per year in assistance to the Marshall Islands (RMI) through 2013, and then US$62.7 million through 2023, at which time a trust fund, made up of U.S. and RMI contributions, will begin perpetual annual payouts.

Question: How much money did the Marshall Islands receive yearly from the United States until 2013?

Question: How much money will the United States give the Marshal Islands every year until 2023?

Question: What document defines how much money is transferred from the United States to the Marshall Islands?

Question: What will be established in 2023?
Passage: The United States Army maintains the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site on Kwajalein Atoll. Marshallese land owners receive rent for the base.

Question: On what atoll is a missile test facility based?

Question: Who is the missile test facility named after?

Question: What is the official name of the missile test facility?

Question: What organization operates the missile test site?
Passage: Agricultural production is concentrated on small farms.[citation needed] The most important commercial crops are coconuts, tomatoes, melons, and breadfruit.[citation needed]

Question: Along with coconuts, tomatoes and melons, what crops are notably grown in the Marshalls?

Question: Where does most agricultural production take place?
Passage: In 1999, a private company built a tuna loining plant with more than 400 employees, mostly women. But the plant closed in 2005 after a failed attempt to convert it to produce tuna steaks, a process that requires half as many employees. Operating costs exceeded revenue, and the plant's owners tried to partner with the government to prevent closure. But government officials personally interested in an economic stake in the plant refused to help. After the plant closed, it was taken over by the government, which had been the guarantor of a $2 million loan to the business.[citation needed]

Question: In what year was a tuna loining plant constructed?

Question: How many people worked at the tuna loining plant?

Question: In what year did the tuna loining plant shut down?

Question: Before it shut down, what was the tuna loining plant attempting to produce?

Question: What was the amount of the loan to the tuna loining plant that the Marshall Islands government was responsible for?
Passage: On September 15, 2007, Witon Barry (of the Tobolar Copra processing plant in the Marshall Islands capital of Majuro) said power authorities, private companies, and entrepreneurs had been experimenting with coconut oil as alternative to diesel fuel for vehicles, power generators, and ships. Coconut trees abound in the Pacific's tropical islands. Copra, the meat of the coconut, yields coconut oil (1 liter for every 6 to 10 coconuts). In 2009, a 57 kW solar power plant was installed, the largest in the Pacific at the time, including New Zealand. It is estimated that 330 kW of solar and 450 kW of wind power would be required to make the College of the Marshall Islands energy self-sufficient. Marshalls Energy Company (MEC), a government entity, provides the islands with electricity. In 2008, 420 solar home systems of 200 Wp each were installed on Ailinglaplap Atoll, sufficient for limited electricity use.

Question: Who did Witon Barry work for?

Question: Where was the Tobolar Copra plant located?

Question: What is copra?

Question: How many coconuts are required to produce 1 liter of coconut oil?

Question: How many kilowatts of power are produced by the solar plant built in 2009?
Passage: Historical population figures are unknown. In 1862, the population was estimated at about 10,000. In 1960, the entire population was about 15,000. In July 2011, the number of island residents was estimated to number about 72,191. Over two-thirds of the population live in the capital, Majuro and Ebeye, the secondary urban center, located in Kwajalein Atoll. This excludes many who have relocated elsewhere, primarily to the United States. The Compact of Free Association allows them to freely relocate to the United States and obtain work there. A large concentration of about 4,300 Marshall Islanders have relocated to Springdale, Arkansas, the largest population concentration of natives outside their island home.

Question: About how many people lived in the Marshall Islands in 1862?

Question: How many people lived in the Marshall Islands in 1960?

Question: As of July 2011, how many people resided on the Marshall Islands?

Question: On what atoll is Ebeye located?

Question: What town hosts the largest number of Marshall Islanders outside the Marshall Islands?
Passage: Most of the residents are Marshallese, who are of Micronesian origin and migrated from Asia several thousand years ago. A minority of Marshallese have some recent Asian ancestry, mainly Japanese. About one-half of the nation's population lives on Majuro, the capital, and Ebeye, a densely populated island. The outer islands are sparsely populated due to lack of employment opportunities and economic development. Life on the outer atolls is generally traditional.

Question: What is the ethnicity of most Marshall Islands residents?

Question: From what continent did the Marshallese originate?

Question: What fraction of the population lives on Majuro or Ebeye?

Question: What recent Asian ancestry do some Marshall Island residents have?

Question: From when did the Marshallese migrate from the Asian continent?