sentence-transformers/squad huggingface dataset:
Passage: 18th century governors tried to tackle the island's problems by implementing tree plantation, improving fortifications, eliminating corruption, building a hospital, tackling the neglect of crops and livestock, controlling the consumption of alcohol and introducing legal reforms. From about 1770, the island enjoyed a lengthy period of prosperity. Captain James Cook visited the island in 1775 on the final leg of his second circumnavigation of the world. St. James' Church was erected in Jamestown in 1774 and in 1791–92 Plantation House was built, and has since been the official residence of the Governor.

Question: When did the Island start to experience a period of prosperity?

Question: What captain visited the island in 1775 on their trip around the world?

Question: What church was erected in Jamestown in 1774?

Question: What is the official residence of the governor?
Passage: On leaving the University of Oxford, in 1676, Edmond Halley visited Saint Helena and set up an astronomical observatory with a 7.3-metre-long (24 ft) aerial telescope with the intention of studying stars from the Southern Hemisphere. The site of this telescope is near Saint Mathew's Church in Hutt's Gate, in the Longwood district. The 680-metre (2,230 ft) high hill there is named for him and is called Halley's Mount.

Question: Who set up an astronomical observatory on Saint Helena?

Question: What university did Edmond Halley attend?

Question: How many feet was the telescope that was set up in the observatory?

Question: What district is the telescope set up in?

Question: What hemisphere of stars did Edmond Halley want to study with the telescope?
Passage: Throughout this period, Saint Helena was an important port of call of the East India Company. East Indiamen would stop there on the return leg of their voyages to British India and China. At Saint Helena ships could replenish supplies of water and provisions, and during war time, form convoys that would sail under the protection of vessels of the Royal Navy. Captain James Cook's vessel HMS Endeavour anchored and resupplied off the coast of St Helena in May 1771, on her return from the European discovery of the east coast of Australia and rediscovery of New Zealand.

Question: Saint Helena was an important port of which company?

Question: What did ships replenish at Saint Helena?

Question: What vessel was owned by Captain James?

Question: What vessel resupplied at the Island in May 1771?

Question: Vessels of what navy protected convoys?
Passage: The importation of slaves was made illegal in 1792. Governor Robert Patton (1802–1807) recommended that the company import Chinese labour to supplement the rural workforce. The coolie labourers arrived in 1810, and their numbers reached 600 by 1818. Many were allowed to stay, and their descendents became integrated into the population. An 1814 census recorded 3,507 people on the island.

Question: What was made illegal in 1792?

Question: What year did Coolie labourers arrive?

Question: How many coolie labourers were on the island by 1818?

Question: What was the population of the island in 1814?
Passage: In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon died there on 5 May 1821.

Question: The British government detained who in Saint Helena?

Question: What year was Napoleon Bonaparte taken to the island?

Question: Where did Napoleon Bonaparte stay until he found permanent residence?

Question: What ended up being the permanent residence of Napoleon Bonaparte?

Question: What year did Napoleon Bonaparte pass away?
Passage: After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape carrying passengers both ways, and supplies of wine and provisions back to the island.

Question: Who took full control of the island after Napoleon's death?

Question: The EIC made what available to the government of the island between 1815 and 1830?

Question: The packet schooner St Helena brought supplies of what to the island?
Passage: Owing to Napoleon's praise of Saint Helena’s coffee during his exile on the island, the product enjoyed a brief popularity in Paris in the years after his death.

Question: Which product of Saint Helena was praised by Napoleon?

Question: Where did Saint Helena's coffee get popular after Napoleon's death?

Question: What product got popular in Paris after Napoloen's death?
Passage: Although the importation of slaves to St Helena had been banned in 1792, the phased emancipation of over 800 resident slaves did not take place until 1827, which was still some six years before the British Parliament passed legislation to ban slavery in the colonies.

Question: When was importation of slaves banned in Saint Helena?

Question: The emancipation of the slaves of Saint Helena did not take place until what year?

Question: Who banned slavery in their colonies?

Question: Over how many slaves ended up getting emancipated on Saint Helena?
Passage: Under the provisions of the 1833 India Act, control of Saint Helena was passed from the East India Company to the British Crown, becoming a crown colony. Subsequent administrative cost-cutting triggered the start of a long-term population decline whereby those who could afford to do so tended to leave the island for better opportunities elsewhere. The latter half of the 19th century saw the advent of steam ships not reliant on trade winds, as well as the diversion of Far East trade away from the traditional South Atlantic shipping lanes to a route via the Red Sea (which, prior to the building of the Suez Canal, involved a short overland section). These factors contributed to a decline in the number of ships calling at the island from 1,100 in 1855 to only 288 in 1889.

Question: What act gave control of Saint Helena to the British Crown?

Question: Who turned over control of Saint Helena to the British Crown?

Question: During the latter half of the 19th century what ships became prevalent that weren't dependent on trade winds?

Question: How many ships were going to the island in 1855?

Question: By 1889 how many ships were going to the island?
Passage: In 1840, a British naval station established to suppress the African slave trade was based on the island, and between 1840 and 1849 over 15,000 freed slaves, known as "Liberated Africans", were landed there.

Question: Who established a naval station to cut down on African slave trade on the island in 1840?

Question: Between 1840 and 1849 how many freed slaves landed on the island?

Question: What were the freed slaves known as?
Passage: In 1858, the French emperor Napoleon III successfully gained the possession, in the name of the French government, of Longwood House and the lands around it, last residence of Napoleon I (who died there in 1821). It is still French property, administered by a French representative and under the authority of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Question: Which french emperor gained possession of Longwood house and the land surrounding it?

Question: What year did the French Emperor Napoleon III take control of Longwood house?

Question: Who was the last resident of Longwood house before Napoleon III took it over?

Question: Who has authority over Longwood house?
Passage: On 11 April 1898 American Joshua Slocum, on his famous and epic solo round the world voyage arrived at Jamestown. He departed on 20 April 1898 for the final leg of his circumnavigation having been extended hospitality from the governor, his Excellency Sir R A Standale, presented two lectures on his voyage and been invited to Longwood by the French Consular agent.

Question: Who arrived in Jamestown during their solo round the world voyage?

Question: When did Joshua Slocum arrive in Jamestown?

Question: When did Joshua Slocum depart from Jamestown to continue his trip?

Question: Who presented two lectures on their voyage?
Passage: A local industry manufacturing fibre from New Zealand flax was successfully reestablished in 1907 and generated considerable income during the First World War. Ascension Island was made a dependency of Saint Helena in 1922, and Tristan da Cunha followed in 1938. During the Second World War, the United States built Wideawake airport on Ascension in 1942, but no military use was made of Saint Helena.

Question: What country does the local industry that manufactures fibre get their flax from?

Question: What island was made a dependency of Saint Helena in 1922?

Question: What was the name of the airport the United States built on Ascension Island?

Question: What year was Wideawake Airport built?
Passage: During this period, the island enjoyed increased revenues through the sale of flax, with prices peaking in 1951. However, the industry declined because of transportation costs and competition from synthetic fibres. The decision by the British Post Office to use synthetic fibres for its mailbags was a further blow, contributing to the closure of the island's flax mills in 1965.

Question: What did the Island sell for increased revenue during this period?

Question: What year did flax prices peak?

Question: The British Post Offices decision to use what kind of fibres hurt the flax industry?

Question: What year did the Island's flax mills close?
Passage: From 1958, the Union Castle shipping line gradually reduced its service calls to the island. Curnow Shipping, based in Avonmouth, replaced the Union-Castle Line mailship service in 1977, using the RMS (Royal Mail Ship) St Helena.

Question: What year did the Union Castle shipping line slowly start to reduce their service calls to the island?

Question: Which shipping company replaced Union-Castle Line mailship service?

Question: What year was Union-Castle Line mailship replaced?
Passage: The British Nationality Act 1981 reclassified Saint Helena and the other Crown colonies as British Dependent Territories. The islanders lost their right of abode in Britain. For the next 20 years, many could find only low-paid work with the island government, and the only available employment outside Saint Helena was on the Falkland Islands and Ascension Island. The Development and Economic Planning Department, which still operates, was formed in 1988 to contribute to raising the living standards of the people of Saint Helena.

Question: What right was lost by the citizen of the islands due to the act?

Question: What department was formed to help raise the living standards of the citizens in Saint Helena?

Question: What year was the Development and Economic Planning Department formed?

Question: Where was the only work outside of Saint Helena located?
Passage: In 1989, Prince Andrew launched the replacement RMS St Helena to serve the island; the vessel was specially built for the Cardiff–Cape Town route and features a mixed cargo/passenger layout.

Question: What year was the replacement for the RMS St Helena launched?

Question: Who launched the replacement RMS St Helena?

Question: What route was the replacement RMS St Helena built for?

Question: What kind of layout did the RMS St Helena have?
Passage: The Saint Helena Constitution took effect in 1989 and provided that the island would be governed by a Governor and Commander-in-Chief, and an elected Executive and Legislative Council. In 2002, the British Overseas Territories Act 2002 granted full British citizenship to the islanders, and renamed the Dependent Territories (including Saint Helena) the British Overseas Territories. In 2009, Saint Helena and its two territories received equal status under a new constitution, and the British Overseas Territory was renamed Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.

Question: What year did the Saint Helena Constitution officially take effect?

Question: In 2002 what act granted full British citizenship to the citizens of the islands?

Question: What were the dependent territories renamed to?
Passage: The UK government has spent £250 million in the construction of the island's airport. Expected to be fully operational early 2016, it is expected to help the island towards self-sufficiency and encourage economic development, reducing dependence on British government aid. The airport is also expected to kick start the tourism industry, with up to 30,000 visitors expected annually. As of August, 2015 ticketing was postponed until an airline could be firmly designated.

Question: How much money was spent on construction of the island's airport?

Question: Which government built the island's airport?

Question: When was the airport expected to be fully functional?

Question: Which industry is the airport supposed to help when it becomes complete?

Question: How many tourists are expected annually thanks to the airport?
Passage: Located in the South Atlantic Ocean on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, more than 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) from the nearest major landmass, Saint Helena is one of the most remote places in the world. The nearest port on the continent is Namibe in southern Angola, and the nearest international airport the Quatro de Fevereiro Airport of Angola's capital Luanda; connections to Cape Town in South Africa are used for most shipping needs, such as the mail boat that serves the island, the RMS St Helena. The island is associated with two other isolated islands in the southern Atlantic, also British territories: Ascension Island about 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) due northwest in more equatorial waters and Tristan da Cunha, which is well outside the tropics 2,430 kilometres (1,510 mi) to the south. The island is situated in the Western Hemisphere and has the same longitude as Cornwall in the United Kingdom. Despite its remote location, it is classified as being in West Africa by the United Nations.

Question: What is the nearest port to Saint Helena?

Question: What is the closest international airport to Saint Helena called?

Question: What is the mail boat that serves the island called?

Question: What hemisphere is the island located in?

Question: What area is the island classified as being in by the United Nations?
Passage: The island of Saint Helena has a total area of 122 km2 (47 sq mi), and is composed largely of rugged terrain of volcanic origin (the last volcanic eruptions occurred about 7 million years ago). Coastal areas are covered in volcanic rock and warmer and drier than the centre. The highest point of the island is Diana's Peak at 818 m (2,684 ft). In 1996 it became the island's first national park. Much of the island is covered by New Zealand flax, a legacy of former industry, but there are some original trees augmented by plantations, including those of the Millennium Forest project which was established in 2002 to replant part of the lost Great Wood and is now managed by the Saint Helena National Trust. When the island was discovered, it was covered with unique indigenous vegetation, including a remarkable cabbage tree species. The island's hinterland must have been a dense tropical forest but the coastal areas were probably also quite green. The modern landscape is very different, with widespread bare rock in the lower areas, although inland it is green, mainly due to introduced vegetation. There are no native land mammals, but cattle, cats, dogs, donkeys, goats, mice, rabbits, rats and sheep have been introduced, and native species have been adversely affected as a result. The dramatic change in landscape must be attributed to these introductions. As a result, the string tree (Acalypha rubrinervis) and the St Helena olive (Nesiota elliptica) are now extinct, and many of the other endemic plants are threatened with extinction.

Question: How many square miles is Saint Helena?

Question: What kind of rock are coastal regions of Saint Helena covered with?

Question: How many feet high is the highest peak of Saint Helena?

Question: What year did Diana's Peak officially become a state park?

Question: What was formed in 2002 to replant parts of the great wood?
Passage: There are several rocks and islets off the coast, including: Castle Rock, Speery Island, the Needle, Lower Black Rock, Upper Black Rock (South), Bird Island (Southwest), Black Rock, Thompson's Valley Island, Peaked Island, Egg Island, Lady's Chair, Lighter Rock (West), Long Ledge (Northwest), Shore Island, George Island, Rough Rock Island, Flat Rock (East), the Buoys, Sandy Bay Island, the Chimney, White Bird Island and Frightus Rock (Southeast), all of which are within one kilometre (0.62 miles) of the shore.

Question: How close are the rockets and islets off the coast?

Question: Which direction from the island is Upper Black Rock located?

Question: Which direction from the island is Bird Island located?

Question: Which direction from the island is Lighter Rock located?

Question: Which direction from the island is Frightus Rock located?
Passage: The national bird of Saint Helena is the Saint Helena plover, known locally as the wirebird. It appears on the coat of arms of Saint Helena and on the flag.

Question: What is the national bird of Saint Helena?

Question: What is the Plover known locally as?
Passage: The climate of Saint Helena is tropical, marine and mild, tempered by the Benguela Current and trade winds that blow almost continuously. The climate varies noticeably across the island. Temperatures in Jamestown, on the north leeward shore, range between 21–28 °C (70–82 °F) in the summer (January to April) and 17–24 °C (63–75 °F) during the remainder of the year. The temperatures in the central areas are, on average, 5–6 °C (9.0–10.8 °F) lower. Jamestown also has a very low annual rainfall, while 750–1,000 mm (30–39 in) falls per year on the higher ground and the south coast, where it is also noticeably cloudier. There are weather recording stations in the Longwood and Blue Hill districts.

Question: What current affects the environment of Saint Helena?

Question: On average, how much lower are the temperatures in the central areas in celsius?
Passage: Saint Helena is divided into eight districts, each with a community centre. The districts also serve as statistical subdivisions. The island is a single electoral area and elects twelve representatives to the Legislative Council of fifteen.

Question: How many districts is the island of Saint Helena divided into?

Question: What do the districts also serve as?
Passage: Saint Helena was first settled by the English in 1659, and the island has a population of about 4,250 inhabitants, mainly descended from people from Britain – settlers ("planters") and soldiers – and slaves who were brought there from the beginning of settlement – initially from Africa (the Cape Verde Islands, Gold Coast and west coast of Africa are mentioned in early records), then India and Madagascar. Eventually the planters felt there were too many slaves and no more were imported after 1792.

Question: When was Saint Helena first settled?

Question: What was the population of the island in 1659

Question: Where were slaves initially brought from to the island?

Question: Later on, what two locations were slaves brought from?

Question: Which year did the inhabitants decide there were too many slaves?
Passage: In 1840, St Helena became a provisioning station for the British West Africa Squadron, preventing slavery to Brazil (mainly), and many thousands of slaves were freed on the island. These were all African, and about 500 stayed while the rest were sent on to the West Indies and Cape Town, and eventually to Sierra Leone.

Question: In 1840 what did Saint Helena become?

Question: What squadron was Saint Helena a provisioning station for?

Question: What country did the British West Africa Squadron prevent slaves from being sent to?

Question: How many slaves ended up staying on the island after being freed?

Question: How many slaves were freed from the island?
Passage: Imported Chinese labourers arrived in 1810, reaching a peak of 618 in 1818, after which numbers were reduced. Only a few older men remained after the British Crown took over the government of the island from the East India Company in 1834. The majority were sent back to China, although records in the Cape suggest that they never got any farther than Cape Town. There were also a very few Indian lascars who worked under the harbour master.

Question: When did Imported Chinese labor arrive?

Question: How many imported Chinese laborers were there at the peak of importation?

Question: What year did importation of Chinese Laborers peak?
Passage: The citizens of Saint Helena hold British Overseas Territories citizenship. On 21 May 2002, full British citizenship was restored by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002. See also British nationality law.

Question: What kind of citizenship do the citizens of Saint Helena hold?

Question: On what date was full British citizenship restored to the citizens of the island?

Question: What act restored the full British citizenship of the citizens of Saint Helena?
Passage: During periods of unemployment, there has been a long pattern of emigration from the island since the post-Napoleonic period. The majority of "Saints" emigrated to the UK, South Africa and in the early years, Australia. The population has steadily declined since the late 1980s and has dropped from 5,157 at the 1998 census to 4,255 in 2008. In the past emigration was characterised by young unaccompanied persons leaving to work on long-term contracts on Ascension and the Falkland Islands, but since "Saints" were re-awarded UK citizenship in 2002, emigration to the UK by a wider range of wage-earners has accelerated due to the prospect of higher wages and better progression prospects.

Question: What was there a long pattern of from the island starting during the post Napoleonic period?

Question: When did the population of the island start to steadily decline?

Question: What was a big factor in emmigration to the UK?
Passage: Most residents belong to the Anglican Communion and are members of the Diocese of St Helena, which has its own bishop and includes Ascension Island. The 150th anniversary of the diocese was celebrated in June 2009.

Question: What communion do most residents of the island belong to?

Question: When was the 150th anniversary of the diocese celebrated?

Question: Not only are most residents of the island members of the Anglican communion, but what else?

Question: The Diocese of Saint Helena has it's own what?
Passage: Other Christian denominations on the island include: Roman Catholic (since 1852), Salvation Army (since 1884), Baptist (since 1845) and, in more recent times, Seventh-day Adventist (since 1949), New Apostolic and Jehovah's Witnesses (of which one in 35 residents is a member, the highest ratio of any country). The Catholics are pastorally served by the Mission sui iuris of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, whose office of ecclesiastical superior is vested in the Apostolic Prefecture of the Falkland Islands.

Question: When did Roman Catholics start to appear on the island?

Question: What year did the Salvation Army show up on Saint Helenas?

Question: When did Baptists come to the island?

Question: How many Johovah's Witnesses were on the island?

Question: When did the Seventh-day Adventist arrive on the island?
Passage: Executive authority in Saint Helena is vested in Queen Elizabeth II and is exercised on her behalf by the Governor of Saint Helena. The Governor is appointed by the Queen on the advice of the British government. Defence and Foreign Affairs remain the responsibility of the United Kingdom.

Question: Who has executive authority in Saint Helena?

Question: Who exercises the authority on behalf of the queen in Saint Helena?

Question: Who is responsible for Defence and Foreign Affairs?