sentence-transformers/squad huggingface dataset:
Passage: The Supermarine Spitfire was designed and developed in Southampton, evolving from the Schneider trophy-winning seaplanes of the 1920s and 1930s. Its designer, R J Mitchell, lived in the Portswood area of Southampton, and his house is today marked with a blue plaque. Heavy bombing of the factory in September 1940 destroyed it as well as homes in the vicinity, killing civilians and workers. World War II hit Southampton particularly hard because of its strategic importance as a major commercial port and industrial area. Prior to the Invasion of Europe, components for a Mulberry harbour were built here. After D-Day, Southampton docks handled military cargo to help keep the Allied forces supplied, making it a key target of Luftwaffe bombing raids until late 1944. Southampton docks was featured in the television show 24: Live Another Day in Day 9: 9:00 p.m. – 10:00 p.m.

Question: Who designed the Supermarine Spitfire?

Question: What area of Southampton did Mitchell hail from?

Question: What color is the plaque that marks the Spitfire designer's house?

Question: In what month of 1940 did bombs destroy the factory that made Mitchell's seaplanes?

Question: Which forces did Southampton supply after D-Day that made it a target for many Luftwaffe air raids?
Passage: 630 people lost their lives as a result of the air raids on Southampton and nearly 2,000 more were injured, not to mention the thousands of buildings damaged or destroyed.

Question: How many people died because of the bombs dropped on Southampton?

Question: In addition to casualties, about how many people were wounded by air raids on Southampton?

Question: Was it hundreds or thousands of buildings in Southampton that sustained damage from air raids?
Passage: Pockets of Georgian architecture survived the war, but much of the city was levelled. There has been extensive redevelopment since World War II. Increasing traffic congestion in the 1920s led to partial demolition of medieval walls around the Bargate in 1932 and 1938. However a large portion of those walls remain.

Question: What style of architecture partially survived the war?

Question: Southampton has been redeveloped almost entirely in the years since which war?

Question: In which decade did there start to be a lot of traffic in Southampton?

Question: Some of the walls around which landmark were demolished in the 1930s?
Passage: A Royal Charter in 1952 upgraded University College at Highfield to the University of Southampton. Southampton acquired city status, becoming the City of Southampton in 1964.

Question: What document declared the upgrade of University College at Highfield?

Question: What is the new name of University College at Highfield?

Question: When did Southampton officially become a city?

Question: In what year did the Royal Charter give the University of Southampton its name?
Passage: After the establishment of Hampshire County Council, following the act in 1888, Southampton became a county borough within the county of Hampshire, which meant that it had many features of a county, but governance was now shared between the Corporation in Southampton and the new county council. There is a great source of confusion in the fact that the ancient shire county, along with its associated assizes, was known as the County of Southampton or Southamptonshire. This was officially changed to Hampshire in 1959 although the county had been commonly known as Hampshire or Hantscire for centuries. Southampton became a non-metropolitan district in 1974.

Question: In what year did an act establish the Hampshire County Council?

Question: What organization did the new county council share governance of Southampton with?

Question: What year was the county of Hampshire officially named?

Question: Even before it was official, Hampshire was often called Hampshire or what ancient variation of the name?

Question: What designation was Southampton given in 1974?
Passage: Southampton as a Port and city has had a long history of administrative independence of the surrounding County; as far back as the reign of King John the town and its port were removed from the writ of the King's Sheriff in Hampshire and the rights of custom and toll were granted by the King to the burgesses of Southampton over the port of Southampton and the Port of Portsmouth; this tax farm was granted for an annual fee of £200 in the charter dated at Orival on 29 June 1199. The definition of the port of Southampton was apparently broader than today and embraced all of the area between Lymington and Langstone. The corporation had resident representatives in Newport, Lymington and Portsmouth. By a charter of Henry VI, granted on 9 March 1446/7 (25+26 Hen. VI, m. 32), the mayor, bailiffs and burgesses of the towns and ports of Southampton and Portsmouth became a County incorporate and separate from Hampshire.

Question: Southampton's history of administrative independence dates back to the reign of which king?

Question: What was the annual fee paid by the burgesses of Southampton for the rights of custom and toll laid out in the charter of 1199?

Question: In the 1100s, the port of Southampton included everything between Lymington and what area?

Question: Under what king was a charter granted in 1446/7 that separated Southampton and Portsmouth from Hampshire?

Question: What date was the charter regarding Southampton's tax farm signed at Orival?
Passage: The status of the town was changed by a later charter of Charles I by at once the formal separation from Portsmouth and the recognition of Southampton as a county, In the charter dated 27 June 1640 the formal title of the town became 'The Town and County of the Town of Southampton'. These charters and Royal Grants, of which there were many, also set out the governance and regulation of the town and port which remained the 'constitution' of the town until the local government organisation of the later Victorian period which from about 1888 saw the setting up of County Councils across England and Wales and including Hampshire County Council who now took on some of the function of Government in Southampton Town. In this regime, The Town and County of the Town of Southampton also became a county borough with shared responsibility for aspects of local government. On 24 February 1964 the status changed again by a Charter of Elizabeth II, creating the City and County of the City of Southampton.

Question: What king's charter recognized Southampton as its own county?

Question: What year did Southampton receive the charter naming it 'The Town and County of the Town of Southampton'?

Question: What era in history saw local government begin setting up County Councils in the area?

Question: After 1888, which Council took over some governance of Southampton Town?

Question: What was the year that Queen Elizabeth II's charter created the City and County of the City of Southampton?
Passage: The city has undergone many changes to its governance over the centuries and once again became administratively independent from Hampshire County as it was made into a unitary authority in a local government reorganisation on 1 April 1997, a result of the 1992 Local Government Act. The district remains part of the Hampshire ceremonial county.

Question: What county did the city of Southampton become administratively independent of in April of 1997?

Question: What official designation did Southampton receive in the April 1997 local government reorganization?

Question: What act was responsible for the reorganization of local government on April 1, 1997?

Question: What ceremonial county does Southampton still belong to?
Passage: Southampton City Council consists of 48 councillors, 3 for each of the 16 wards. Council elections are held in early May for one third of the seats (one councillor for each ward), elected for a four-year term, so there are elections three years out of four. Since the 2015 council elections, the composition of the council is:

Question: How many concillors sit on Southampton's City Council?

Question: How man wards are there in Southampton?

Question: How many councillors are assigned to each ward in Southampton?

Question: In what month are council elections held?

Question: In how many years of every four is a council election held in Southampton?
Passage: There are three members of parliament for the city: Royston Smith (Conservative) for Southampton Itchen, the constituency covering the east of the city; Dr. Alan Whitehead (Labour) for Southampton Test, which covers the west of the city; and Caroline Nokes (Conservative) for Romsey and Southampton North, which includes a northern portion of the city.

Question: How many representatives does Southampton have in parliament?

Question: What is Royston Smith's constituency?

Question: Who is Southampton Test's member of parliament?

Question: To what political party does Caroline Nokes belong?

Question: Which directional area of Southampton does Dr. Alan Whitehead represent?
Passage: The city has a Mayor and is one of the 16 cities and towns in England and Wales to have a ceremonial sheriff who acts as a deputy for the Mayor. The current and 793rd Mayor of Southampton is Linda Norris. Catherine McEwing is the current and 578th sherriff. The town crier from 2004 until his death in 2014 was John Melody, who acted as master of ceremonies in the city and who possessed a cry of 104 decibels.

Question: How many cities or towns are there in all of England and Wales with a ceremonial sheriff acting as the Mayor's deputy?

Question: Who's the current Mayor of Southampton?

Question: What's the name of the 578th sheriff of Southampton?

Question: When did John Melody, the town crier of Southampton, pass away?

Question: How many decibels was John Melody able to reach in his cry?
Passage: Southampton City Council has developed twinning links with Le Havre in France (since 1973), Rems-Murr-Kreis in Germany (since 1991), Trieste in Italy (since 2002); Hampton, Virginia in USA, Qingdao in China (since 1998), and Busan in South Korea (since 1978).

Question: What city in France does Southampton City Council have a twinning link with?

Question: Which Italian city did Southampton City Council establish a twinning link with in 2002?

Question: What's the only city in the USA with a twinning link to Southampton City Council?

Question: What year did Southampton City Council link with Busan, South Korea?

Question: In what country does Southampton City Council have a twinning link with Rems-Murr-Kreis?
Passage: The geography of Southampton is influenced by the sea and rivers. The city lies at the northern tip of the Southampton Water, a deep water estuary, which is a ria formed at the end of the last Ice Age. Here, the rivers Test and Itchen converge. The Test—which has salt marsh that makes it ideal for salmon fishing—runs along the western edge of the city, while the Itchen splits Southampton in two—east and west. The city centre is located between the two rivers.

Question: At which tip of Southampton Water is Southampton located?

Question: What river converges with the Test?

Question: Which river is excellent for salmon fishing?

Question: Which river splits the city of Southampton into an east section and a west section?

Question: What Southampton area is located between the Itchen and Test rivers?
Passage: Town Quay is the original public quay, and dates from the 13th century. Today's Eastern Docks were created in the 1830s by land reclamation of the mud flats between the Itchen & Test estuaries. The Western Docks date from the 1930s when the Southern Railway Company commissioned a major land reclamation and dredging programme. Most of the material used for reclamation came from dredging of Southampton Water, to ensure that the port can continue to handle large ships.

Question: What's the name of the public quay that's been in Southampton since the 13th century?

Question: In what decade were the Eastern Docks that can be seen today created?

Question: What company commissioned the program that created the Western Docks?

Question: What body of water was dredged for the material used for reclamation?

Question: In what decade did the Southern Railway Company commission the program that created the Western Docks?
Passage: Southampton Water has the benefit of a double high tide, with two high tide peaks, making the movement of large ships easier. This is not caused as popularly supposed by the presence of the Isle of Wight, but is a function of the shape and depth of the English Channel. In this area the general water flow is distorted by more local conditions reaching across to France.

Question: How many high tide peaks does Southampton Water get?

Question: What island do many people think causes the double high tide in Southampton Water?

Question: What body of water is actually responsible for the unusual double high tide?

Question: What size ships can move through Southampton Water more easily because of the double high tide?

Question: In addition to its shape, what property of the English Channel affects water flow in Southampton Water?
Passage: The River Test runs along the western border of the city, separating it from the New Forest. There are bridges over the Test from Southampton, including the road and rail bridges at Redbridge in the south and the M27 motorway to the north. The River Itchen runs through the middle of the city and is bridged in several places. The northernmost bridge, and the first to be built, is at Mansbridge, where the A27 road crosses the Itchen. The original bridge is closed to road traffic, but is still standing and open to pedestrians and cyclists. The river is bridged again at Swaythling, where Woodmill Bridge separates the tidal and non tidal sections of the river. Further south is Cobden Bridge which is notable as it was opened as a free bridge (it was originally named the Cobden Free Bridge), and was never a toll bridge. Downstream of the Cobden Bridge is the Northam Railway Bridge, then the Northam Road Bridge, which was the first major pre-stressed concrete bridge to be constructed in the United Kingdom. The southernmost, and newest, bridge on the Itchen is the Itchen Bridge, which is a toll bridge.

Question: Along which border of Southampton does the River Test run?

Question: What forest is on the opposite bank of the River Test from Southampton?

Question: What motorway crosses the River Test to the North?

Question: Where was the first bridge built across the River Itchen?

Question: What bridge at Swaythling crosses at the point between the tidal and non-tidal sections of the River Itchen?
Passage: Southampton is divided into council wards, suburbs, constituencies, ecclesiastical parishes, and other less formal areas. It has a number of parks and green spaces, the largest being the 148 hectare Southampton Common, parts of which are used to host the annual summer festivals, circuses and fun fairs. The Common includes Hawthorns Urban Wildlife Centre on the former site of Southampton Zoo, a paddling pool and several lakes and ponds.

Question: What's the largest park in Southampton?

Question: How many hectares is Southampton Common?

Question: What wildlife center is located in Southampton Common?

Question: What related attraction was at the same site before the Urban Wildlife Centre?
Passage: Council estates are in the Weston, Thornhill and Townhill Park districts. The city is ranked 96th most deprived out of all 354 Local Authorities in England.

Question: How many Local Authorities are there in England?

Question: In addition to the Thornhill and Townhill Park districts, what other district has a council estate?

Question: What's Southampton's ranking on the list of most deprived Local Authorities in England?
Passage: As with the rest of the UK, Southampton experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb). Its southerly, low lying and sheltered location ensures it is among the warmer, sunnier cities in the UK. It has held the record for the highest temperature in the UK for June at 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) since 1976.

Question: What kind of climate does Southampton have?

Question: For what month does Southampton hold the UK's record high temperature?

Question: What was the record high temperature for June in degrees Celsius?

Question: What year did Southampton set the record high temperature for June?

Question: What does the record-setting 35.6 degrees Celsius convert to in degrees Fahrenheit?
Passage: The centre of Southampton is located above a large hot water aquifer that provides geothermal power to some of the city's buildings. This energy is processed at a plant in the West Quay region in Southampton city centre, the only geothermal power station in the UK. The plant provides private electricity for the Port of Southampton and hot water to the Southampton District Energy Scheme used by many buildings including the WestQuay shopping centre. In a 2006 survey of carbon emissions in major UK cities conducted by British Gas, Southampton was ranked as being one of the lowest carbon emitting cities in the United Kingdom.

Question: What source of geothermal power sits below Southampton's center?

Question: In what region of Southampton is the geothermal power station for the aquifer?

Question: Which section of the city receives hot water from geothermal power through the West Quay plant?

Question: What utility company sponsored a carbon emissions survey in 2006?

Question: In the 2006 study, Southampton was discovered to be one of the lowest carbon emitters out of major cities in what large geographical area?
Passage: At the 2001 Census, 92.4 per cent of the city's populace was White—including one per cent White Irish—3.8 per cent were South Asian, 1.0 per cent Black, 1.3 per cent Chinese or other ethnic groups, and 1.5 per cent were of Mixed Race.

Question: What race makes up the vast majority of Southampton's population?

Question: What percentage of the population of Southampton is Black, according to the 2001 Census?

Question: Going by the 2001 Census, what percentage of Southampton's population is of mixed race?

Question: What percentage of the white population did the 2001 Census show were White Irish?

Question: According to the 2001 Census, what race comprises 3.8% of people living in Southampton?
Passage: Southampton had an estimated 236,900 people living within the city boundary in 2011. There is a sizeable Polish population in the city, with estimates as high as 20,000.

Question: In 2011, what was the estimated population of Southampton inside city limits?

Question: What nationality of people makes up a large portion of Southampton residents?

Question: What's the highest estimate of the Polish population of the city of Southampton?
Passage: There are 119,500 males within the city and 117,400 females. The 20–24 age range is the most populous, with an estimated 32,300 people falling in this age range. Next largest is the 25–29 range with 24,700 people and then 30–34 years with 17,800. By population, Southampton is the largest monocentric city in the South East England region and the second largest on the South Coast after Plymouth.

Question: Are there more males or females in Southampton?

Question: What age range contains the most people from Southampton?

Question: How many people between the ages of 30 and 34 live in Southampton?

Question: How many women live in Southampton?

Question: What's the only monocentric city on the South Coast larger than Southampton?
Passage: Between 1996 and 2004, the population of the city increased by 4.9 per cent—the tenth biggest increase in England. In 2005 the Government Statistics stated that Southampton was the third most densely populated city in the country after London and Portsmouth respectively. Hampshire County Council expects the city's population to grow by around a further two per cent between 2006 and 2013, adding around another 4,200 to the total number of residents. The highest increases are expected among the elderly.

Question: By what percentage did the population of Southampton increase from 1996 to 2004?

Question: What's the only other city in England besides Portsmouth more densely populated than Southampton?

Question: What organization anticipated an additional 2% population growth from 2006 to 2013?

Question: What age segment of the population of Southampton is projected to increase the most?

Question: How many more residents would Southampton have if the population grew by 2%, as the council expected?
Passage: In March 2007 there were 120,305 jobs in Southampton, and 3,570 people claiming job seeker's allowance, approximately 2.4 per cent of the city's population. This compares with an average of 2.5 per cent for England as a whole.

Question: How many jobs were there in Southampton in March of 2007?

Question: How many Southampton residents were claiming job seeker's allowance in March, 2007?

Question: In March 2007, what percentage of Southampton residents claimed job seeker's allowance?

Question: What England's average percentage for people claiming job seeker's allowance?
Passage: Just over a quarter of the jobs available in the city are in the health and education sector. A further 19 per cent are property and other business and the third largest sector is wholesale and retail, which accounts for 16.2 percent. Between 1995 and 2004, the number of jobs in Southampton has increased by 18.5 per cent.

Question: What sector provides about a quarter of Southampton's available jobs?

Question: What percentage of available jobs in Southampton are in the property/other business sector?

Question: What's the third largest sector providing jobs in Southampton?

Question: By what percentage did available jobs increase in Southampton between 1995 and 2004?

Question: What percentage of available jobs in Southampton are in wholesale and retail industries?
Passage: In January 2007, the average annual salary in the city was £22,267. This was £1,700 lower than the national average and £3,800 less than the average for the South East.

Question: What was Southampton's average annual salary in January of 2007?

Question: How far below the national average is the average annual salary in Southampton?

Question: How far below England's South East region is Southampton's average annual salary?
Passage: Southampton has always been a port, and the docks have long been a major employer in the city. In particular, it is a port for cruise ships; its heyday was the first half of the 20th century, and in particular the inter-war years, when it handled almost half the passenger traffic of the UK. Today it remains home to luxury cruise ships, as well as being the largest freight port on the Channel coast and fourth largest UK port by tonnage, with several container terminals. Unlike some other ports, such as Liverpool, London, and Bristol, where industry and docks have largely moved out of the city centres leaving room for redevelopment, Southampton retains much of its inner-city industry. Despite the still active and expanding docklands to the west of the city centre, further enhanced with the opening of a fourth cruise terminal in 2009, parts of the eastern docks have been redeveloped; the Ocean Village development, which included a local marina and small entertainment complex, is a good example. Southampton is home to the headquarters of both the Maritime and Coastguard Agency and the Marine Accident Investigation Branch of the Department for Transport in addition to cruise operator Carnival UK.

Question: About how much of UK's passenger traffic did Southampton handle during the inter-war period?

Question: What kind of passenger ships make up a lot of the traffic in the port of Southampton?

Question: Going by what unit of measurement makes Southampton the fourth largest port in the UK?

Question: In what year did Southampton's fourth cruise terminal open in the western docklands?

Question: What branch of the Department for Transport has its headquarters in Southampton?