At the same time, the effects of the government's affirmative action policies of the 1950s and 1960s had been to create a discontented class of educated but underemployed Malays.
与此同时，政府在1950和60年代的積極平权措施在马来人中創造一个受过教育但學非所用，因此心懷不滿的阶层。