Doyle (1983) requires (1) that "liberal regimes" have market or private property economics, (2) they have policies that are internally sovereign, (3) they have citizens with juridical rights, and (4) they have representative governments.
Doyle（1983）則要求（1）那個「自由的政體」必須是市場或有私人財產的經濟體制，（2）他們的政體擁有對外主權，（3）他們的公民享有司法權利，（4）他們擁有代議制的政府。