Gross recognized that German forces were in Jedwabne during the massacre. and that German occupying forces had control of the town: "At the time, the undisputed bosses over life and death in Jedwabne were the Germans.
格罗斯认识到德国军队在大屠杀期间驻扎在耶德瓦布内，并且德国占领军控制了该镇：“当时，耶德瓦布内无可争议的掌控生死的老板是德国人。