Much of PISA's methodology follows the example of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS, started in 1995), which in turn was much influenced by the U.S. National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP).
多PISA的方法如下例的趨勢，在國際數學和科學研究（TIMSS，開始在1995），而這又是教育進展評估美國國家影響很大（NAEP）。