Violence and peace are usually defined in terms of Johan Galtung's extended conceptualization of peace, according to which peace is not merely the absence of personal (direct) violence and war (= negative peace), but also the absence of structural (indirect) and cultural violence (= positive peace).
暴力與和平在約翰·加爾頓（英语：Johan Galtung）对和平概念的擴展中已有定义， 約翰·加爾頓认为和平不仅是指不存在个人的（直接的）暴力和战争（＝消极和平），而且还指不存在结构性的（间接的）和文化上的暴力（＝积极和平）。