A number of shocks hit the system: the stock of Union Pacific—among the most common stocks used as collateral—fell 50 points; that June an offering of New York City bonds failed; in July the copper market collapsed; in August the Standard Oil Company was fined $29 million for antitrust violations.
一系列事件强烈冲击着城市的金融体系：最常用作抵押的“联合太平洋铁路公司”股票下跌了50个点；6月，纽约发行债券以失败告终；7月，铜市场崩溃；8月，“标准石油公司”因违反“反托拉斯法”被罚款2900万美元。