At the time the plan was announced, the non-Malays had, in the words of one commentator, "a virtual monopoly of private industrial and commercial employment", and were concentrated in the urban areas.
在公布这一计划的时候，以评论家的话来说，当时，非马来人“实质上垄断了私有工业和商业中的职业岗位”，并主要集中于城市地区。