As an underdeveloped country, China began its reform with relatively few highly educated people, and with a small minority of the population (20%) living in cities, where labor productivity was about twice the level as in the countryside.
作为一个欠发达国家，中国的改革始于相对较少的受过高等教育的人才，和那些生活在两倍于农村劳动生产率的城市里的小部分（20%）人口。