In the 1930s, Soviet mathematician Leonid Kantorovich demonstrated how an economy, in purely physical terms, could use determinate mathematical procedure to determine which combination of techniques could be used to achieve certain output or plan targets.
1930年代，苏联数学家列昂尼德·坎托罗维奇论证经济怎样在纯粹的物理条件下能用限定的数学措施决定哪一种技术的组合能用来取得确定的产出或者计划指标。