Before, since 1992, Roscosmos was a part of the Russian Aviation and Space Agency (Russian: Российское авиационно-космическое агентство, Rossiyskoe aviatsionno-kosmicheskoe agentstvo, commonly known as Rosaviakosmos).
Roskosmos daha önce Rus Havacılık ve Uzay Ajansı olarak bilinmekteydi (Rusça: Российское авиационно-космическое агентство, Rossiyskoe aviatsionno-kosmicheskoe agentstvo, "Rosaviakosmos" şeklinde bilinmektedir).