Some are adapted to extremes such as very hot or very cold conditions, others to high pressure and a few such as Deinococcus radiodurans to high radiation environments.
Kai kurie yra ekstremofilai, pvz., gyvena karštyje arba šaltyje, kiti - aukštame slėgyje ir keli, kaip Deinococcus radiodurans, atsparūs aukštai radiacijai.