In the case of unsubstituted biphenyl, the equilibrium torsional angle is 44.4° and the torsional barriers are quite small, 6.0 kJ/mol at 0° and 6.5 kJ/mol at 90°.
비치환 바이페닐의 경우 , equilibrium torsional angle이 44.4°로, torsional barriers은 꽤 작은 6.0 kJ/mol(0°에서), 6.5 kJ/mol(90°에서)으로 나타난다.