Gradually, however, improvements in printing technology lowered the costs of publishing and made books more affordable to the working classes, who were also likely to buy smaller and cheaper broadsides, chapbooks, pamphlets, tracts, and early newspapers, all of which were widely available before 1800.
Secara bertahap, bagaimanapun, perbaikan dalam teknologi pencetakan menurunkan biaya penerbitan dan membuat buku yang lebih terjangkau untuk kelas pekerja, yang juga cenderung untuk membeli jenis-jenis literatur yang lebih murah, seperti broadsides, chapbooks, pamflet, brosur, dan awal di koran, semua yang banyak tersedia sebelum tahun 1800.