The Swedish attacks against Orthodox Russians had religious overtones, but before the 14th century there is no knowledge of official crusade bulls issued by the pope.
Serangan Swedia terhadap Rusia Ortodoks memiliki nuansa keagamaan, meskipun sebelum abad ke-14 tidak ada Perang Salib resmi yang diumumkan oleh Paus melalui Bulla Kepausan.