In addition, the traditional social and cultural European order was threatened by right-wing nationalism and fascism as well as left-wing socialism and communism, all of which potentially threatened the existence and freedom of the Church.
Selain itu, tatanan sosial dan budaya tradisional Eropa terancam oleh nasionalisme sayap-kanan dan fasisme serta sosialisme dan komunisme sayap kiri, yang semuanya berpotensi mengancam eksistensi dan kebebasan Gereja.