The 17th-century French philosopher René Descartes, for example, has sometimes been blamed for mistreatment of animals because he argued that only humans are conscious.
Contohnya, filsuf Prancis dari abad ke-17 René Descartes kadang-kadang dituduh menyiksa hewan karena ia pernah berargumen bahwa hanya manusia yang memiliki kesadaran.