In other cases, the Red Army suppressed secessionist movements; by 1921 they had defeated the Ukrainian national movements and occupied the Caucasus, although fighting in Central Asia lasted until the late 1920s.
Namun, Tentara Merah juga seringkali menindas gerakan-gerakan separatis; pada tahun 1921, mereka telah mengalahkan pergerakan nasional Ukraina dan menduduki wilayah Kaukasus, walaupun pertempuran di Asia Tengah masih berlangsung hingga akhir era 1920-an.