Trần Phú was born on May 1, 1904, at An Thổ, phủ Tuy An, tỉnh Phú Yên (today xã An Dân, Tuy An District, Phú Yên Province) where his father, Tran Van Pho, was as teacher.
Ia lahir pada 1 Mei 1904, di An Thổ, phủ Tuy An, tỉnh Phú Yên (sekarang xã An Dân, Distrik Tuy An, Provinsi Phú Yên) dimana ayahnya, Tran Van Pho, bekerja sebagai guru.