Born on 4 September 1913 in Osaka, Japan, Tange spent his early life in the Chinese cities of Hankow and Shanghai; he and his family returned to Japan after learning of the death of one of his uncles.
Lahir pada 4 September 1913 di Osaka, Jepang, Tange menjalani kehidupan awalnya di kota Tiongkok Hankow dan Shanghai; ia dan keluarganya kembali ke Jepang setelah mengetahui kematian salah satu pamannya.