A combination of miscalculation, misfortune, and an attack of English fire ships on 29 July off Gravelines, which dispersed the Spanish ships to the northeast, defeated the Armada.
Akibat kesalahan perhitungan, ketidakberuntungan, dan serangan kapal api Inggris pada 29 Juli di Gravelines yang memencarkan kapal-kapal Spanyol ke timur laut, Armada Spanyol dikalahkan.