The philosopher of biology Michael Ruse has argued that Darwin treated the structure of organisms as if they had a purpose: "the organism-as-if-it-were-designed-by God picture was absolutely central to Darwin's thinking in 1862, as it always had been."
Filsuf biologi Michael Ruse berpendapat bahwa Darwin memperlakukan struktur organisme seolah-olah mereka memiliki tujuan: "gambaran organisme-jika-dirancang-oleh Tuhan benar-benar penting untuk pemikiran Darwin pada tahun 1862, seperti selalu sebelumnya."