Gilman’s solution was that all blacks beneath "a certain grade of citizenship" — those who were not "decent, self-supporting, progressive" — "should be taken hold of by the state."
Solusi Charlotte adalah bahwa semua orang kulit hitam di bawah "tingkat kewarganegaraan tertentu" — orang-orang yang tidak "layak, mandiri, progresif" — "seharusnya diurus oleh negara."