William Lafi Youmans attributes the first use of the term to Philip Seib, author of The Al Jazeera Effect: How the New Global Media Are Reshaping World Politics (2008).
William Lafi Youmans mengatakan bahwa istilah ini pertama kali digunakan oleh Philip Seib, penulis The Al Jazeera Effect: How the New Global Media Are Reshaping World Politics (2008).