Chiao flew on three Space Shuttle flights, and was the commander of Expedition 10, where he lived on board the International Space Station from October 13, 2004 to April 24, 2005.
Chiao menerbangkan tiga penerbangan pesawat ulang alik dan merupakan komandan Expedition 10, dimana ia tinggal di Stasiun Ruang Angkasa Internasional dari 13 Oktober 2004 sampai 24 April 2005.