1975–1976, Associate member of the Columbia University Seminar on Communism 1975–1977, Senior research associate, Research Institute on International Change at Columbia 1981, promoted to Major General 1977–1981, Military assistant to Zbigniew Brzezinski, the assistant to the president for national security affairs.
1975-1976, Anggota associate dalam Seminar tentang Komunisme Universitas Columbia 1975-1977, Peneliti senior, Institut Penelitian tentang Perubahan Internasional di Columbia 1981, dipromosikan menjadi Mayor Jenderal 1977-1981, Asisten militer untuk Zbigniew Brzezinski, asisten presiden untuk perusahaan-perusahaan keamanan nasional.