McDonald and Tijerino found in their research that some participants state that there were occasions on which they felt so bad that they engaged in self-harming behaviors, including suicide attempts, and/or had suicidal thoughts.
Penelitian oleh McDonald dan Tijerino menemukan bahwa beberapa partisipan mengungkapkan bahwa mereka merasa sangat buruk sehingga melakukan kebiasaan-kebiasaan yang menyakiti diri mereka sendiri, termasuk usaha bunuh diri, dan/atau berpikir untuk bunuh diri.