John Toland had argued for the use of reason in interpreting scripture, Matthew Tindal had argued against revelation, Middleton had described the Bible as mythology and questioned the existence of miracles, Thomas Morgan had disputed the claims of the Old Testament, Thomas Woolston had questioned the believability of miracles and Thomas Chubb had maintained that Christianity lacked morality.
John Toland pernah menganjurkan penggunaan nalar untuk menafsirkan kitab suci, Matthew Tindal pernah menentang wahyu, Middleton mendeskripsikan kitab suci sebagai mitologi dan mempertanyakan keberadaan mukjizat, Thomas Morgan memperdebatkan klaim-klaim Perjanjian Lama, Thomas Woolston meragukan ketepercayaan mukjizat, dan Thomas Chubb pernah menyatakan bahwa Kekristenan tidak memiliki moralitas.