Their anonymous authors, although literate, were not educated members of the official class, and the tales were intended to be performed by people who could not read or write.
Penulis anonim mereka, meski terpelajar, bukan anggota berpendidikan dari golongan pejabat, dan cerita itu dimaksudkan untuk dibawakan oleh orang-orang yang tidak dapat membaca atau menulis.