Xinjiang has been the location of several instances of violence and ethnic clashes, such as the Ghulja Incident of 1997, the 2008 Kashgar attack, widespread unrest preceding the Olympic Games in Beijing, as well as numerous minor attacks.
Xinjiang telah menjadi tempat beberapa perpecahan etnis dan kekerasan, seperti Insiden Ghulja 1997, serangan Kashgar 2008, merebaknya ketegangan sebelum Permainan Olimpiade di Beijing, serta sejumlah serangan kecil.