Butterflies and moths play an important role in the natural ecosystem as pollinators and as food in the food chain; conversely, their larvae are considered very problematic to vegetation in agriculture, as their main source of food is often live plant matter.
Kupu-kupu dan ngengat memainkan peran penting dalam ekosistem alami sebagai penyerbuk dan sebagai makanan dalam rantai makanan; sebaliknya, larva mereka dianggap sangat bermasalah untuk vegetasi di bidang pertanian, karena sumber utama makanan mereka seringkali materi tanaman hidup.