According to Madagascar historian Gwyn Campbell, the number of non-Merina who died in violent conflict during the military campaigns of Ranavalona and her predecessor Radama from 1816 to 1853 was estimated at about 60,000.
Menurut sejarawan Madagaskar Gwyn Campbell, jumlah orang-orang bukan Merina yang gugur dalam konflik selama kampanye militer yang dilancarkan oleh Ranavalona dan pendahulunya Radama dari 1816 sampai 1853 berjumlah sekitar 60.000 orang.