The New England Journal of Medicine said that antivaccinationist activities resulted in a high cost to society, "including damage to individual and community well-being from outbreaks of previously controlled diseases, withdrawal of vaccine manufacturers from the market, compromising of national security (in the case of anthrax and smallpox vaccines), and lost productivity".
New England Journal of Medicine menyebutkan bahwa aktivitas antivaksinasionis membuat masyarakat rugi besar, "termasuk rusaknya kesejahteraan individu dan masyarakat akibat wabah penyakit yang sebelumnya bisa dikendalikan, penarikan produsen vaksin dari pasaran, ancaman terhadap keamanan nasional (dalam kasus vaksin antraks dan cacar), dan hilangnya produktivitas masyarakat".