A number of unions represented workers at JNR, including the National Railway Workers' Union (Kokuro), the National Railway Locomotive Engineers' Union (Doro), and Doro-Chiba, a break-away group from Doro.
Terdapat beberapa serikat buruh yang mewakili buruh di JNR, termasuk Serikat Pekerja Kereta Api Nasional (Kokuro), Serikat Teknisi Lokomotif Kereta Api Nasional (Doro), dan Doro-Chiba, kelompok pecahan dari Doro.