Occasionally, secular artists treated Christian themes (Bouguereau, Manet) — but only rarely was a Christian artist included in the historical canon (such as Rouault or Stanley Spencer).
Kadang-kadang, artis sekuler memakai tema-tema Kristen (Bouguereau, Manet) — tetapi jarang seorang artis Kristen artis disertakan dalam sejarah kanon (seperti Rouault atau Stanley Spencer).