Saskatchewan, where several large mines have operated since the 1960s pioneered the technique of freezing of wet sands (the Blairmore formation) to drive mine shafts through them.
Saskatchewan, lokasi beberapa tambang besar telah beroperasi sejak tahun 1960an, mempelopori teknik pembekuan pasir basah (formasi Blairmore) untuk mendorong poros tambang melaluinya.