These traditional accounts were first questioned in the Enlightenment, when Henry Dodwell, Voltaire, and, most famously, Edward Gibbon questioned traditional accounts of the Christian martyrs.
Laporan-laporan menurut tradisi itu pertama kali dipertanyakan pada Abad Pencerahan, ketika Henry Dodwell, Voltaire, dan khususnya Edward Gibbon, mempertanyakan laporan-laporan tradisional para martir Kristiani.