Tadashi Kobayashi  further refined Takahashi's analysis by identifying the decline as coinciding with the desperate attempts of the shogunate to hold on to power through the passing of draconian laws as its hold on the country continued to break down, culminating in the Meiji Restoration in 1868.
Tadashi Kobayshi refinou aínda máis a análise de Takahashi identificando que o declive coincidía cos desesperados intentos sen éxito do shogunato de manter o poder aprobando leis draconianas, culminando na restauración Meiji de 1868.