Such exchanges have taken place several times in the 20th century: two examples are the traumatic partition of India and Pakistan and the mass expulsion of Anatolian Greeks and Greek Muslims from Turkey and Greece, respectively, during their so-called Greek-Turkish population exchange, involving approximately 1.3 million Anatolian Greeks and 354,000 Greek Muslims, most of whom were forcibly made refugees and de jure denaturalized from their homelands.
Estes intercambios tiveron lugar varias veces no século XX: dous exemplos son a partición traumática da India e Paquistán e a expulsión masiva de gregos anatolios e musulmáns gregos de Turquía e Grecia, respectivamente, durante o seu chamado intercambio de poboación greco-turco, involucrando a aproximadamente 1,3 millóns de gregos anatolios e 354.000 musulmáns gregos, a maioría dos cales foron forzados a converterse en refuxiados e de feito desnaturalizados dos seus países de orixe.