From 1947 to 1949, Eikhenbaum was victimized by the campaign against "rootless cosmopolitanism," along with Viktor Zhirmunsky, Grigorii Gukovskii, and Mark Azadovsky, but was able to continue his science.
Entre 1947 e 1949 Eikhenbaum foi vítima dunha persecución a través da campaña contra o "cosmopolitismo sen raíces" canda a Víctor Zhirmunski, Grigori Gukovski e Mark Azadovski, aínda que se lle permitiu seguir coas súas investigacións.