These include: (1) differences between sympatric taxa are greater than expected by chance; (2) differences in character states are related to differences in resource use; (3) resources are limiting, and interspecific competition for these resources is a function of character similarity; (4) resource distribution are the same in sympatry and allopatry such that differences in character states are not due to differences in resource availability; (5) differences must have evolved in situ; (6) differences must be genetically based.
Estes inclúen: (1) as diferenzas entre os taxons simpátricos son maiores que o esperado por azar; (2) as diferenzas no estado do carácter están relacionadas con difeenzas no uso de recursos; (3) os recursos son limitantes, e a competición interespecífica por eses recursos é unha función da similitude de carácter; (4) a distribución de recursos é a mesma en simpatría e en alopatría de modo que as diferenzas nos estados do carácter non se deben a diferenzas na dispoñibilidade de recursos; (5) as diferenzas deberon evolucionar in situ; (6) as diferenzas deben estar baseadas xeneticamente.