He was hated by leftists, in particular for his outspoken commitment to bushido, the code of the samurai, and by mainstream nationalists for his contention, in Bunka Bōeiron (文化防衛論, "A Defense of Culture"), that Hirohito should have abdicated and taken responsibility for the loss of life in the war.
Foi odiado pola extrema dereita, en particular polo seu compromiso declarado co bushido, o código de honra e conduta do samurai, e por nacionalistas tradicionais por causa da súa afirmación, no Bunka Bōeiron (文化 防衛 論, "A Defesa da Cultura"), que Hirohito debería ter abdicado e asumido a responsabilidade pola perda de vidas na guerra.