A minority viewpoint considers that cities may have arisen without agriculture, due to alternative means of subsistence (fishing), to use as communal seasonal shelters, to their value as bases for defensive and offensive military organization, or to their inherent economic function.
Un punto de vista minoritario considera que as cidades poderían ter xurdido sen a agricultura, grazas a medios de subsistencia alternativos (pesca), para usar como refuxios estacionais comunais, ó seu valor como bases para a organización militar defensiva e ofensiva, ou á súa función económica inherente.