pydantic-patched 2.11.9
Data validation using Python type hints
Requires Python: >=3.9

# Pydantic
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Data validation using Python type hints.

Fast and extensible, Pydantic plays nicely with your linters/IDE/brain.
Define how data should be in pure, canonical Python 3.9+; validate it with Pydantic.

## Pydantic Logfire :fire:

We've recently launched Pydantic Logfire to help you monitor your applications.
[Learn more](https://pydantic.dev/articles/logfire-announcement)

## Pydantic V1.10 vs. V2

Pydantic V2 is a ground-up rewrite that offers many new features, performance improvements, and some breaking changes compared to Pydantic V1.

If you're using Pydantic V1 you may want to look at the
[pydantic V1.10 Documentation](https://docs.pydantic.dev/) or,
[`1.10.X-fixes` git branch](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/tree/1.10.X-fixes). Pydantic V2 also ships with the latest version of Pydantic V1 built in so that you can incrementally upgrade your code base and projects: `from pydantic import v1 as pydantic_v1`.

## Help

See [documentation](https://docs.pydantic.dev/) for more details.

## Installation

Install using `pip install -U pydantic` or `conda install pydantic -c conda-forge`.
For more installation options to make Pydantic even faster,
see the [Install](https://docs.pydantic.dev/install/) section in the documentation.

## A Simple Example

```python
from datetime import datetime
from typing import Optional
from pydantic import BaseModel

class User(BaseModel):
    id: int
    name: str = 'John Doe'
    signup_ts: Optional[datetime] = None
    friends: list[int] = []

external_data = {'id': '123', 'signup_ts': '2017-06-01 12:22', 'friends': [1, '2', b'3']}
user = User(**external_data)
print(user)
#> User id=123 name='John Doe' signup_ts=datetime.datetime(2017, 6, 1, 12, 22) friends=[1, 2, 3]
print(user.id)
#> 123
```

## Contributing

For guidance on setting up a development environment and how to make a
contribution to Pydantic, see
[Contributing to Pydantic](https://docs.pydantic.dev/contributing/).

## Reporting a Security Vulnerability

See our [security policy](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/security/policy).

## Changelog

## v2.11.9 (2025-09-13)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.9)

### What's Changed

#### Fixes

* Backport v1.10.23 changes by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos)

## v2.11.8 (2025-09-13)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.8)

### What's Changed

#### Fixes

* Fix mypy plugin for mypy 1.18 by [@cdce8p](https://github.com/cdce8p) in [#12209](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/12209)

## v2.11.7 (2025-06-14)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.7)

### What's Changed

#### Fixes

* Copy `FieldInfo` instance if necessary during `FieldInfo` build by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11898](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11898)

## v2.11.6 (2025-06-13)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.6)

### What's Changed

#### Fixes

* Rebuild dataclass fields before schema generation by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11949](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11949)
* Always store the original field assignment on `FieldInfo` by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11946](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11946)

## v2.11.5 (2025-05-22)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.5)

### What's Changed

#### Fixes

* Check if `FieldInfo` is complete after applying type variable map by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11855](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11855)
* Do not delete mock validator/serializer in `model_rebuild()` by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11890](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11890)
* Do not duplicate metadata on model rebuild by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11902](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11902)

## v2.11.4 (2025-04-29)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.4)

### What's Changed

#### Packaging

* Bump `mkdocs-llmstxt` to v0.2.0 by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11725](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11725)

#### Changes

* Allow config and bases to be specified together in `create_model()` by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11714](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11714).
  This change was backported as it was previously possible (although not meant to be supported)
  to provide `model_config` as a field, which would make it possible to provide both configuration
  and bases.

#### Fixes

* Remove generics cache workaround by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11755](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11755)
* Remove coercion of decimal constraints by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11772](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11772)
* Fix crash when expanding root type in the mypy plugin by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11735](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11735)
* Fix issue with recursive generic models by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11775](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11775)
* Traverse `function-before` schemas during schema gathering by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11801](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11801)

## v2.11.3 (2025-04-08)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.3)

### What's Changed

#### Packaging

* Update V1 copy to v1.10.21 by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11706](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11706)

#### Fixes

* Preserve field description when rebuilding model fields by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11698](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11698)

## v2.11.2 (2025-04-03)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.2)

### What's Changed

#### Fixes

* Bump `pydantic-core` to v2.33.1 by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11678](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11678)
* Make sure `__pydantic_private__` exists before setting private attributes by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11666](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11666)
* Do not override `FieldInfo._complete` when using field from parent class by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11668](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11668)
* Provide the available definitions when applying discriminated unions by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11670](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11670)
* Do not expand root type in the mypy plugin for variables by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11676](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11676)
* Mention the attribute name in model fields deprecation message by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11674](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11674)
* Properly validate parameterized mappings by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11658](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11658)

## v2.11.1 (2025-03-28)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.1)

### What's Changed

#### Fixes

* Do not override `'definitions-ref'` schemas containing serialization schemas or metadata by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11644](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11644)

## v2.11.0 (2025-03-27)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.0)

### What's Changed

Pydantic v2.11 is a version strongly focused on build time performance of Pydantic models (and core schema generation in general).
See the [blog post](https://pydantic.dev/articles/pydantic-v2-11-release) for more details.

#### Packaging

* Bump `pydantic-core` to v2.33.0 by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11631](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11631)

#### New Features

* Add `encoded_string()` method to the URL types by [@YassinNouh21](https://github.com/YassinNouh21) in [#11580](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11580)
* Add support for `defer_build` with `@validate_call` decorator by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11584](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11584)
* Allow `@with_config` decorator to be used with keyword arguments by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11608](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11608)
* Simplify customization of default value inclusion in JSON Schema generation by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11634](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11634)
* Add `generate_arguments_schema()` function by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11572](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11572)

#### Fixes

* Allow generic typed dictionaries to be used for unpacked variadic keyword parameters by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11571](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11571)
* Fix runtime error when computing model string representation involving cached properties and self-referenced models by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11579](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11579)
* Preserve other steps when using the ellipsis in the pipeline API by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11626](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11626)
* Fix deferred discriminator application logic by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11591](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11591)

### New Contributors

* [@cmenon12](https://github.com/cmenon12) made their first contribution in [#11562](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11562)
* [@Jeukoh](https://github.com/Jeukoh) made their first contribution in [#11611](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11611)

## v2.11.0b2 (2025-03-17)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.0b2)

### What's Changed

#### Packaging

* Bump `pydantic-core` to v2.32.0 by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11567](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11567)

#### New Features

* Add experimental support for free threading by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11516](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11516)

#### Fixes

* Fix `NotRequired` qualifier not taken into account in stringified annotation by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11559](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11559)

### New Contributors

* [@joren485](https://github.com/joren485) made their first contribution in [#11547](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11547)

## v2.11.0b1 (2025-03-06)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.0b1)

### What's Changed

#### Packaging

* Add a `check_pydantic_core_version()` function by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11324
* Remove `greenlet` development dependency by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11351
* Use the `typing-inspection` library by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11479
* Bump `pydantic-core` to `v2.31.1` by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11526

#### New Features

* Support unsubstituted type variables with both a default and a bound or constraints by [@FyZzyss](https://github.com/FyZzyss) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10789
* Add a `default_factory_takes_validated_data` property to `FieldInfo` by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11034
* Raise a better error when a generic alias is used inside `type[]` by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11088
* Properly support PEP 695 generics syntax by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11189
* Properly support type variable defaults by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11332
* Add support for validating v6, v7, v8 UUIDs by [@astei](https://github.com/astei) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11436
* Improve alias configuration APIs by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11468

#### Changes

* Rework `create_model` field definitions format by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11032
* Raise a deprecation warning when a field is annotated as final with a default value by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11168
* Deprecate accessing `model_fields` and `model_computed_fields` on instances by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11169
* **Breaking Change:** Move core schema generation logic for path types inside the `GenerateSchema` class by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10846
* Remove Python 3.8 Support by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11258
* Optimize calls to `get_type_ref` by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10863
* Disable `pydantic-core` core schema validation by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11271

#### Performance

* Only evaluate `FieldInfo` annotations if required during schema building by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10769
* Improve `__setattr__` performance of Pydantic models by caching setter functions by [@MarkusSintonen](https://github.com/MarkusSintonen) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10868
* Improve annotation application performance by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11186
* Improve performance of `_typing_extra` module by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11255
* Refactor and optimize schema cleaning logic by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11244
* Create a single dictionary when creating a `CoreConfig` instance by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11384
* Bump `pydantic-core` and thus use `SchemaValidator` and `SchemaSerializer` caching by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11402
* Reuse cached core schemas for parametrized generic Pydantic models by [@MarkusSintonen](https://github.com/MarkusSintonen) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11434

#### Fixes

* Improve `TypeAdapter` instance repr by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10872
* Use the correct frame when instantiating a parametrized `TypeAdapter` by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10893
* Infer final fields with a default value as class variables in the mypy plugin by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11121
* Recursively unpack `Literal` values if using PEP 695 type aliases by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11114
* Override `__subclasscheck__` on `ModelMetaclass` to avoid memory leak and performance issues by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11116
* Remove unused `_extract_get_pydantic_json_schema()` parameter by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11155
* Improve discriminated union error message for invalid union variants by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11161
* Unpack PEP 695 type aliases if using the `Annotated` form by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11109
* Add missing stacklevel in `deprecated_instance_property` warning by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11200
* Copy `WithJsonSchema` schema to avoid sharing mutated data by [@thejcannon](https://github.com/thejcannon) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11014
* Do not cache parametrized models when in the process of parametrizing another model by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10704
* Add discriminated union related metadata entries to the `CoreMetadata` definition by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11216
* Consolidate schema definitions logic in the `_Definitions` class by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11208
* Support initializing root model fields with values of the `root` type in the mypy plugin by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11212
* Fix various issues with dataclasses and `use_attribute_docstrings` by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11246
* Only compute normalized decimal places if necessary in `decimal_places_validator` by [@misrasaurabh1](https://github.com/misrasaurabh1) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11281
* Add support for `validation_alias` in the mypy plugin by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11295
* Fix JSON Schema reference collection with `"examples"` keys by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11305
* Do not transform model serializer functions as class methods in the mypy plugin by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11298
* Simplify `GenerateJsonSchema.literal_schema()` implementation by [@misrasaurabh1](https://github.com/misrasaurabh1) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11321
* Add additional allowed schemes for `ClickHouseDsn` by [@Maze21127](https://github.com/Maze21127) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11319
* Coerce decimal constraints to `Decimal` instances by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11350
* Use the correct JSON Schema mode when handling function schemas by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11367
* Improve exception message when encountering recursion errors during type evaluation by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11356
* Always include `additionalProperties: True` for arbitrary dictionary schemas by [@austinyu](https://github.com/austinyu) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11392
* Expose `fallback` parameter in serialization methods by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11398
* Fix path serialization behavior by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11416
* Do not reuse validators and serializers during model rebuild by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11429
* Collect model fields when rebuilding a model by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11388
* Allow cached properties to be altered on frozen models by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11432
* Fix tuple serialization for `Sequence` types by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11435
* Fix: do not check for `__get_validators__` on classes where `__get_pydantic_core_schema__` is also defined by [@tlambert03](https://github.com/tlambert03) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11444
* Allow callable instances to be used as serializers by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11451
* Improve error thrown when overriding field with a property by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11459
* Fix JSON Schema generation with referenceable core schemas holding JSON metadata by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11475
* Support strict specification on union member types by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11481
* Implicitly set `validate_by_name` to `True` when `validate_by_alias` is `False` by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11503
* Change type of `Any` when synthesizing `BaseSettings.__init__` signature in the mypy plugin by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11497
* Support type variable defaults referencing other type variables by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11520
* Fix `ValueError` on year zero by [@davidhewitt](https://github.com/davidhewitt) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic-core/pull/1583
* `dataclass` `InitVar` shouldn't be required on serialization by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic-core/pull/1602

## New Contributors
* [@FyZzyss](https://github.com/FyZzyss) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10789
* [@tamird](https://github.com/tamird) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10948
* [@felixxm](https://github.com/felixxm) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11077
* [@alexprabhat99](https://github.com/alexprabhat99) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11082
* [@Kharianne](https://github.com/Kharianne) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11111
* [@mdaffad](https://github.com/mdaffad) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11177
* [@thejcannon](https://github.com/thejcannon) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11014
* [@thomasfrimannkoren](https://github.com/thomasfrimannkoren) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11251
* [@usernameMAI](https://github.com/usernameMAI) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11275
* [@ananiavito](https://github.com/ananiavito) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11302
* [@pawamoy](https://github.com/pawamoy) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11311
* [@Maze21127](https://github.com/Maze21127) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11319
* [@kauabh](https://github.com/kauabh) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11369
* [@jaceklaskowski](https://github.com/jaceklaskowski) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11353
* [@tmpbeing](https://github.com/tmpbeing) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11375
* [@petyosi](https://github.com/petyosi) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11405
* [@austinyu](https://github.com/austinyu) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11392
* [@mikeedjones](https://github.com/mikeedjones) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11402
* [@astei](https://github.com/astei) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11436
* [@dsayling](https://github.com/dsayling) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11522
* [@sobolevn](https://github.com/sobolevn) made their first contribution in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic-core/pull/1645

## v2.11.0a2 (2025-02-10)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.0a2)

### What's Changed

Pydantic v2.11 is a version strongly focused on build time performance of Pydantic models (and core schema generation in general).
This is another early alpha release, meant to collect early feedback from users having issues with core schema builds.

#### Packaging

* Bump `ruff` from 0.9.2 to 0.9.5 by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11407](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11407)
* Bump `pydantic-core` to v2.29.0 by [@mikeedjones](https://github.com/mikeedjones) in [#11402](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11402)
* Use locally-built rust with symbols & pgo by [@davidhewitt](https://github.com/davidhewitt) in [#11403](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11403)


#### Performance

* Create a single dictionary when creating a `CoreConfig` instance by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#11384](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11384)

#### Fixes

* Use the correct JSON Schema mode when handling function schemas by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11367](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11367)
* Fix JSON Schema reference logic with `examples` keys by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11366](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11366)
* Improve exception message when encountering recursion errors during type evaluation by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11356](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11356)
* Always include `additionalProperties: True` for arbitrary dictionary schemas by [@austinyu](https://github.com/austinyu) in [#11392](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11392)
* Expose `fallback` parameter in serialization methods by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11398](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11398)
* Fix path serialization behavior by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#11416](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11416)

### New Contributors

* [@kauabh](https://github.com/kauabh) made their first contribution in [#11369](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11369)
* [@jaceklaskowski](https://github.com/jaceklaskowski) made their first contribution in [#11353](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11353)
* [@tmpbeing](https://github.com/tmpbeing) made their first contribution in [#11375](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11375)
* [@petyosi](https://github.com/petyosi) made their first contribution in [#11405](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11405)
* [@austinyu](https://github.com/austinyu) made their first contribution in [#11392](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11392)
* [@mikeedjones](https://github.com/mikeedjones) made their first contribution in [#11402](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11402)

## v2.11.0a1 (2025-01-30)

[GitHub release](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/releases/tag/v2.11.0a1)

### What's Changed

Pydantic v2.11 is a version strongly focused on build time performance of Pydantic models (and core schema generation in general).
This is an early alpha release, meant to collect early feedback from users having issues with core schema builds.

#### Packaging

* Bump dawidd6/action-download-artifact from 6 to 7 by [@dependabot](https://github.com/dependabot) in [#11018](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11018)
* Re-enable memray related tests on Python 3.12+ by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11191](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11191)
* Bump astral-sh/setup-uv to 5 by [@dependabot](https://github.com/dependabot) in [#11205](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11205)
* Bump `ruff` to v0.9.0 by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#11254](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11254)
* Regular `uv.lock` deps update by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#11333](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11333)
* Add a `check_pydantic_core_version()` function by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11324](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11324)
* Remove `greenlet` development dependency by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11351](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11351)
* Bump `pydantic-core` to v2.28.0 by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11364](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11364)

#### New Features

* Support unsubstituted type variables with both a default and a bound or constraints by [@FyZzyss](https://github.com/FyZzyss) in [#10789](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10789)
* Add a `default_factory_takes_validated_data` property to `FieldInfo` by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11034](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11034)
* Raise a better error when a generic alias is used inside `type[]` by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11088](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11088)
* Properly support PEP 695 generics syntax by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11189](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11189)
* Properly support type variable defaults by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11332](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11332)

#### Changes

* Rework `create_model` field definitions format by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11032](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11032)
* Raise a deprecation warning when a field is annotated as final with a default value by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11168](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11168)
* Deprecate accessing `model_fields` and `model_computed_fields` on instances by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11169](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11169)
* Move core schema generation logic for path types inside the `GenerateSchema` class by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#10846](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10846)
* Move `deque` schema gen to `GenerateSchema` class by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#11239](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11239)
* Move `Mapping` schema gen to `GenerateSchema` to complete removal of `prepare_annotations_for_known_type` workaround by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#11247](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11247)
* Remove Python 3.8 Support by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#11258](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11258)
* Disable `pydantic-core` core schema validation by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#11271](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11271)

#### Performance

* Only evaluate `FieldInfo` annotations if required during schema building by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#10769](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10769)
* Optimize calls to `get_type_ref` by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#10863](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10863)
* Improve `__setattr__` performance of Pydantic models by caching setter functions by [@MarkusSintonen](https://github.com/MarkusSintonen) in [#10868](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10868)
* Improve annotation application performance by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11186](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11186)
* Improve performance of `_typing_extra` module by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11255](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11255)
* Refactor and optimize schema cleaning logic by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) and [@MarkusSintonen](https://github.com/MarkusSintonen) in [#11244](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11244)

#### Fixes

* Add validation tests for `_internal/_validators.py` by [@tkasuz](https://github.com/tkasuz) in [#10763](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10763)
* Improve `TypeAdapter` instance repr by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#10872](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10872)
* Revert "ci: use locally built pydantic-core with debug symbols by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#10942](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10942)
* Re-enable all FastAPI tests by [@tamird](https://github.com/tamird) in [#10948](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10948)
* Fix typo in HISTORY.md. by [@felixxm](https://github.com/felixxm) in [#11077](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11077)
* Infer final fields with a default value as class variables in the mypy plugin by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11121](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11121)
* Recursively unpack `Literal` values if using PEP 695 type aliases by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11114](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11114)
* Override `__subclasscheck__` on `ModelMetaclass` to avoid memory leak and performance issues by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11116](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11116)
* Remove unused `_extract_get_pydantic_json_schema()` parameter by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11155](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11155)
* Add FastAPI and SQLModel to third-party tests by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#11044](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11044)
* Fix conditional expressions syntax for third-party tests by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11162](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11162)
* Move FastAPI tests to third-party workflow by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11164](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11164)
* Improve discriminated union error message for invalid union variants by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11161](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11161)
* Unpack PEP 695 type aliases if using the `Annotated` form by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11109](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11109)
* Include `openapi-python-client` check in issue creation for third-party failures, use `main` branch by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#11182](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11182)
* Add pandera third-party tests by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11193](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11193)
* Add ODMantic third-party tests by [@sydney-runkle](https://github.com/sydney-runkle) in [#11197](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11197)
* Add missing stacklevel in `deprecated_instance_property` warning by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11200](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11200)
* Copy `WithJsonSchema` schema to avoid sharing mutated data by [@thejcannon](https://github.com/thejcannon) in [#11014](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11014)
* Do not cache parametrized models when in the process of parametrizing another model by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#10704](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10704)
* Re-enable Beanie third-party tests by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11214](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11214)
* Add discriminated union related metadata entries to the `CoreMetadata` definition by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11216](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11216)
* Consolidate schema definitions logic in the `_Definitions` class by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11208](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11208)
* Support initializing root model fields with values of the `root` type in the mypy plugin by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11212](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11212)
* Fix various issues with dataclasses and `use_attribute_docstrings` by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11246](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11246)
* Only compute normalized decimal places if necessary in `decimal_places_validator` by [@misrasaurabh1](https://github.com/misrasaurabh1) in [#11281](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11281)
* Fix two misplaced sentences in validation errors documentation by [@ananiavito](https://github.com/ananiavito) in [#11302](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11302)
* Fix mkdocstrings inventory example in documentation by [@pawamoy](https://github.com/pawamoy) in [#11311](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11311)
* Add support for `validation_alias` in the mypy plugin by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11295](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11295)
* Do not transform model serializer functions as class methods in the mypy plugin by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11298](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11298)
* Simplify `GenerateJsonSchema.literal_schema()` implementation by [@misrasaurabh1](https://github.com/misrasaurabh1) in [#11321](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11321)
* Add additional allowed schemes for `ClickHouseDsn` by [@Maze21127](https://github.com/Maze21127) in [#11319](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11319)
* Coerce decimal constraints to `Decimal` instances by [@Viicos](https://github.com/Viicos) in [#11350](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11350)
* Fix `ValueError` on year zero by [@davidhewitt](https://github.com/davidhewitt) in [pydantic-core#1583](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic-core/pull/1583)

### New Contributors

* [@FyZzyss](https://github.com/FyZzyss) made their first contribution in [#10789](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10789)
* [@tamird](https://github.com/tamird) made their first contribution in [#10948](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/10948)
* [@felixxm](https://github.com/felixxm) made their first contribution in [#11077](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11077)
* [@alexprabhat99](https://github.com/alexprabhat99) made their first contribution in [#11082](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11082)
* [@Kharianne](https://github.com/Kharianne) made their first contribution in [#11111](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11111)
* [@mdaffad](https://github.com/mdaffad) made their first contribution in [#11177](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11177)
* [@thejcannon](https://github.com/thejcannon) made their first contribution in [#11014](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11014)
* [@thomasfrimannkoren](https://github.com/thomasfrimannkoren) made their first contribution in [#11251](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11251)
* [@usernameMAI](https://github.com/usernameMAI) made their first contribution in [#11275](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/11275)
* [@ananiavito](https://github.com/anani