hist 2.10.1
Hist classes and utilities
Requires Python: >=3.10
Keywords: boost-histogram, dask-histogram, histogram

<img alt="histogram" width="200" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/scikit-hep/hist/main/docs/_images/histlogo.png"/>

# Hist

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Hist is an analyst-friendly front-end for
[boost-histogram](https://github.com/scikit-hep/boost-histogram), designed for
Python 3.10+ (3.6-3.9 users get older versions). See [what's new](https://hist.readthedocs.io/en/latest/changelog.html).

![Slideshow of features. See docs/banner_slides.md for text if the image is not readable.](https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/raw/main/docs/_images/banner.gif)

## Installation

You can install this library from [PyPI](https://pypi.org/project/hist/) with pip:

```bash
python3 -m pip install "hist[plot,fit]"
```

If you do not need the plotting features, you can skip the `[plot]` and/or
`[fit]` extras. `[fit]` is not currently supported in WebAssembly.

## Features

Hist currently provides everything boost-histogram provides, and the following enhancements:

- Hist augments axes with names:
  - `name=` is a unique label describing each axis.
  - `label=` is an optional string that is used in plotting (defaults to `name`
    if not provided).
  - Indexing, projection, and more support named axes.
  - Experimental `NamedHist` is a `Hist` that disables most forms of positional access, forcing users to use only names.

- The `Hist` class augments `bh.Histogram` with simpler construction:
  - `flow=False` is a fast way to turn off flow for the axes on construction.
  - `storage=` can be omitted, strings and storages can be positional.
  - `data=` can initialize a histogram with existing data.
  - `Hist.from_columns` can be used to initialize with a DataFrame or dict.
  - You can cast back and forth with boost-histogram (or any other extensions).

- Hist support QuickConstruct, an import-free construction system that does not require extra imports:
  - Use `Hist.new.<axis>().<axis>().<storage>()`.
  - Axes names can be full (`Regular`) or short (`Reg`).
  - Histogram arguments (like `data=`) can go in the storage.

- Extended Histogram features:
  - Direct support for `.name` and `.label`, like axes.
  - `.density()` computes the density as an array.
  - `.profile(remove_ax)` can convert a ND COUNT histogram into a (N-1)D MEAN histogram.
  - `.sort(axis)` supports sorting a histogram by a categorical axis. Optionally takes a function to sort by.
  - `.fill_flattened(...)` will flatten and fill, including support for AwkwardArray.
  - `.integrate(...)`, which takes the opposite arguments as `.project`.

- Hist implements UHI+; an extension to the UHI (Unified Histogram Indexing) system designed for import-free interactivity:
  - Uses `j` suffix to switch to data coordinates in access or slices.
  - Uses `j` suffix on slices to rebin.
  - Strings can be used directly to index into string category axes.

- Quick plotting routines encourage exploration:
  - `.plot()` provides 1D and 2D plots (or use `plot1d()`, `plot2d()`)
  - `.plot2d_full()` shows 1D projects around a 2D plot.
  - `.plot_ratio(...)` make a ratio plot between the histogram and another histogram or callable.
  - `.plot_pull(...)` performs a pull plot.
  - `.plot_pie()` makes a pie plot.
  - `.show()` provides a nice str printout using Histoprint.

- Stacks: work with groups of histograms with identical axes
  - Stacks can be created with `h.stack(axis)`, using index or name of an axis (`StrCategory` axes ideal).
  - You can also create with `hist.stacks.Stack(h1, h2, ...)`, or use `from_iter` or `from_dict`.
  - You can index a stack, and set an entry with a matching histogram.
  - Stacks support `.plot()` and `.show()`, with names (plot labels default to original axes info).
  - Stacks pass through `.project`, `*`, `+`, and `-`.

- New modules
  - `intervals` supports frequentist coverage intervals.

- Notebook ready: Hist has gorgeous in-notebook representation.
  - No dependencies required

## Usage

```python
from hist import Hist

# Quick construction, no other imports needed:
h = (
    Hist.new.Reg(10, 0, 1, name="x", label="x-axis")
    .Var(range(10), name="y", label="y-axis")
    .Int64()
)

# Filling by names is allowed:
h.fill(y=[1, 4, 6], x=[0.3, 0.5, 0.2])

# Names can be used to manipulate the histogram:
h.project("x")
h[{"y": 0.5j + 3, "x": 5j}]

# You can access data coordinates or rebin with a `j` suffix:
h[0.3j:, ::2j]  # x from .3 to the end, y is rebinned by 2

# Elegant plotting functions:
h.plot()
h.plot2d_full()
h.plot_pull(Callable)
```

## Development

From a git checkout, either use [nox](https://nox.thea.codes), or run:

```bash
python -m pip install -e .[dev]
```

See [Contributing](https://hist.readthedocs.io/en/latest/contributing.html) guidelines for information on setting up a development environment.

## Contributors

We would like to acknowledge the contributors that made this project possible ([emoji key](https://allcontributors.org/docs/en/emoji-key)):
<!-- ALL-CONTRIBUTORS-LIST:START - Do not remove or modify this section -->
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<table>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="14.28%"><a href="https://github.com/henryiii"><img src="https://avatars1.githubusercontent.com/u/4616906?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt="Henry Schreiner"/><br /><sub><b>Henry Schreiner</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#maintenance-henryiii" title="Maintenance">🚧</a> <a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=henryiii" title="Code">💻</a> <a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=henryiii" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="14.28%"><a href="http://lovelybuggies.com.cn/"><img src="https://avatars3.githubusercontent.com/u/29083689?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt="Nino Lau"/><br /><sub><b>Nino Lau</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#maintenance-LovelyBuggies" title="Maintenance">🚧</a> <a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=LovelyBuggies" title="Code">💻</a> <a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=LovelyBuggies" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="14.28%"><a href="https://github.com/chrisburr"><img src="https://avatars3.githubusercontent.com/u/5220533?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt="Chris Burr"/><br /><sub><b>Chris Burr</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=chrisburr" title="Code">💻</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="14.28%"><a href="https://github.com/aminnj"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/5760027?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt="Nick Amin"/><br /><sub><b>Nick Amin</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=aminnj" title="Code">💻</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="14.28%"><a href="http://cern.ch/eduardo.rodrigues"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/5013581?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt="Eduardo Rodrigues"/><br /><sub><b>Eduardo Rodrigues</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=eduardo-rodrigues" title="Code">💻</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="14.28%"><a href="http://andrzejnovak.github.io/"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/13226500?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt="Andrzej Novak"/><br /><sub><b>Andrzej Novak</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=andrzejnovak" title="Code">💻</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="14.28%"><a href="http://www.matthewfeickert.com/"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/5142394?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt="Matthew Feickert"/><br /><sub><b>Matthew Feickert</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=matthewfeickert" title="Code">💻</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="14.28%"><a href="http://theoryandpractice.org"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/4458890?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt="Kyle Cranmer"/><br /><sub><b>Kyle Cranmer</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=cranmer" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="14.28%"><a href="http://dantrim.github.io"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/7841565?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt="Daniel Antrim"/><br /><sub><b>Daniel Antrim</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=dantrim" title="Code">💻</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="14.28%"><a href="https://github.com/nsmith-"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/6587412?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt="Nicholas Smith"/><br /><sub><b>Nicholas Smith</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=nsmith-" title="Code">💻</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="14.28%"><a href="http://meliache.srht.site"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/5121824?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt="Michael Eliachevitch"/><br /><sub><b>Michael Eliachevitch</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=meliache" title="Code">💻</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="14.28%"><a href="https://github.com/jonas-eschle"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/17454848?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt="Jonas Eschle"/><br /><sub><b>Jonas Eschle</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=jonas-eschle" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="14.28%"><a href="https://oieltd.com"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1248413?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt="Angus Hollands"/><br /><sub><b>Angus Hollands</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=agoose77" title="Code">💻</a> <a href="https://github.com/scikit-hep/hist/commits?author=agoose77" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
<!-- prettier-ignore-end -->

<!-- ALL-CONTRIBUTORS-LIST:END -->

This project follows the [all-contributors](https://github.com/all-contributors/all-contributors) specification.

## Talks

- [2021-07-07 PyHEP 2021 -- High-Performance Histogramming for HEP Analysis](https://indico.cern.ch/event/1019958/contributions/4430375/) [🎥](https://youtu.be/jewb5q6_Rpk)
- [2020-09-08 IRIS-HEP/GSOC -- Hist: histogramming for analysis powered by boost-histogram](https://indico.cern.ch/event/950229/#3-hist-histogramming-for-analy) [🎥](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hIiEu7XFu5Y)
- [2020-07-07 SciPy Proceedings](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ERraTfHkPd0&list=PLYx7XA2nY5GfY4WWJjG5cQZDc7DIUmn6Z&index=4) [🎥](https://youtu.be/ERraTfHkPd0)
- [2020-07-17 PyHEP 2020](https://indico.cern.ch/event/882824/contributions/3931299/) [🎥](https://youtu.be/-g0mxopCJT8)

---

## Acknowledgements

This library was primarily developed by Henry Schreiner and Nino Lau.

Support for this work was provided by the National Science Foundation cooperative agreement OAC-1836650 (IRIS-HEP) and OAC-1450377 (DIANA/HEP). Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.

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