sbase 4.47.0
A complete web automation framework for end-to-end testing.
License: MIT
Requires Python: >=3.9

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****

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<h1>SeleniumBase</h1>

<p align="center"><a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/"><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/cdn/img/super_logo_sb3.png" alt="SeleniumBase" title="SeleniumBase" width="350" /></a></p>


<p align="center" class="hero__title"><b>All-in-one Browser Automation Framework:<br />Web Crawling / Testing / Scraping / Stealth</b></p>

<p align="center"><a href="https://pypi.python.org/pypi/seleniumbase" target="_blank"><img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/seleniumbase.svg?color=3399EE" alt="PyPI version" /></a> <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/releases" target="_blank"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase.svg?color=22AAEE" alt="GitHub version" /></a> <a href="https://seleniumbase.io"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-seleniumbase.io-11BBAA.svg" alt="SeleniumBase Docs" /></a> <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/actions" target="_blank"><img src="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/workflows/CI%20build/badge.svg" alt="SeleniumBase GitHub Actions" /></a> <a href="https://discord.gg/EdhQTn3EyE" target="_blank"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/join-discord-infomational" alt="Join the SeleniumBase chat on Discord"/></a></p>

<p align="center">
<a href="#python_installation">🚀 Start</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/features_list.md">🏰 Features</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/customizing_test_runs.md">🎛️ Options</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/ReadMe.md">📚 Examples</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/seleniumbase/console_scripts/ReadMe.md">🌠 Scripts</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/mobile_testing.md">📱 Mobile</a>
<br />
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/method_summary.md">📘 APIs</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/syntax_formats.md"> 🔠 Formats</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/recorder_mode.md">🔴 Recorder</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/example_logs/ReadMe.md">📊 Dashboard</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/locale_codes.md">🗾 Locales</a> |
<a href="https://seleniumbase.io/devices/?url=seleniumbase.com">💻 Farm</a>
<br />
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/commander.md">🎖️ GUI</a> |
<a href="https://seleniumbase.io/demo_page">📰 TestPage</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/uc_mode.md">👤 UC Mode</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/cdp_mode/ReadMe.md">🐙 CDP Mode</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/chart_maker/ReadMe.md">📶 Charts</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/seleniumbase/utilities/selenium_grid/ReadMe.md">🌐 Grid</a>
<br />
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/how_it_works.md">👁️ How</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/tree/master/examples/migration/raw_selenium">🚝 Migrate</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/case_plans.md">🗂️ CasePlans</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/tree/master/examples/boilerplates">♻️ Template</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/master_qa/ReadMe.md">🧬 Hybrid</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/tour_examples/ReadMe.md">🚎 Tours</a>
<br />
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/integrations/github/workflows/ReadMe.md">🤖 CI/CD</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/js_package_manager.md">🕹️ JSMgr</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/translations.md">🌏 Translator</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/presenter/ReadMe.md">🎞️ Presenter</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/dialog_boxes/ReadMe.md">🛂 Dialog</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/visual_testing/ReadMe.md">🖼️ Visual</a>
<br />
</p>

<p>SeleniumBase is the professional toolkit for web automation activities. Built for testing websites, bypassing CAPTCHAs, enhancing productivity, completing tasks, and scaling your business.</p>

--------

📚 Learn from [**over 200 examples** in the **SeleniumBase/examples/** folder](https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/tree/master/examples).

🐙 Note that <a translate="no" href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/uc_mode.md"><b>UC Mode</b></a> / <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/cdp_mode/ReadMe.md"><b>CDP Mode</b></a> (Stealth Mode) have their own ReadMe files.

ℹ️ Most scripts run with raw <code translate="no"><b>python</b></code>, although some scripts use <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/syntax_formats.md">Syntax Formats</a> that expect <a href="https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/how-to/usage.html" translate="no"><b>pytest</b></a> (a Python unit-testing framework included with SeleniumBase that can discover, collect, and run tests automatically).

--------

<p align="left">📗 Here's <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/raw_google.py">raw_google.py</a>, which performs a Google search:</p>

```python
from seleniumbase import SB

with SB(test=True, uc=True) as sb:
    sb.open("https://google.com/ncr")
    sb.type('[title="Search"]', "SeleniumBase GitHub page\n")
    sb.click('[href*="github.com/seleniumbase/"]')
    sb.save_screenshot_to_logs()  # ./latest_logs/
    print(sb.get_page_title())
```

> `python raw_google.py`

<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/raw_google.py"><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/cdn/gif/google_search.gif" alt="SeleniumBase Test" title="SeleniumBase Test" width="420" /></a>

--------

<p align="left">📗 Here's an example of bypassing Cloudflare's challenge page: <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/cdp_mode/raw_gitlab.py">SeleniumBase/examples/cdp_mode/raw_gitlab.py</a></p>

```python
from seleniumbase import SB

with SB(uc=True, test=True, locale="en") as sb:
    url = "https://gitlab.com/users/sign_in"
    sb.activate_cdp_mode(url)
    sb.uc_gui_click_captcha()
    sb.sleep(2)
```

<img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/other/cf_sec.jpg" title="SeleniumBase" width="332"> <img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/other/gitlab_bypass.png" title="SeleniumBase" width="288">

--------

<p align="left">📗 Here's <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/test_get_swag.py">test_get_swag.py</a>, which tests an e-commerce site:</p>

```python
from seleniumbase import BaseCase
BaseCase.main(__name__, __file__)  # Call pytest

class MyTestClass(BaseCase):
    def test_swag_labs(self):
        self.open("https://www.saucedemo.com")
        self.type("#user-name", "standard_user")
        self.type("#password", "secret_sauce\n")
        self.assert_element("div.inventory_list")
        self.click('button[name*="backpack"]')
        self.click("#shopping_cart_container a")
        self.assert_text("Backpack", "div.cart_item")
        self.click("button#checkout")
        self.type("input#first-name", "SeleniumBase")
        self.type("input#last-name", "Automation")
        self.type("input#postal-code", "77123")
        self.click("input#continue")
        self.click("button#finish")
        self.assert_text("Thank you for your order!")
```

> `pytest test_get_swag.py`

<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/test_get_swag.py"><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/cdn/gif/fast_swag_2.gif" alt="SeleniumBase Test" title="SeleniumBase Test" width="480" /></a>

> (The default browser is ``--chrome`` if not set.)

--------

<p align="left">📗 Here's <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/test_coffee_cart.py" target="_blank">test_coffee_cart.py</a>, which verifies an e-commerce site:</p>

```bash
pytest test_coffee_cart.py --demo
```

<p align="left"><a href="https://seleniumbase.io/coffee/" target="_blank"><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/cdn/gif/coffee_cart.gif" width="480" alt="SeleniumBase Coffee Cart Test" title="SeleniumBase Coffee Cart Test" /></a></p>

> <p>(<code translate="no">--demo</code> mode slows down tests and highlights actions)</p>

--------

<a id="multiple_examples"></a>

<p align="left">📗 Here's <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/test_demo_site.py" target="_blank">test_demo_site.py</a>, which covers several actions:</p>

```bash
pytest test_demo_site.py
```

<p align="left"><a href="https://seleniumbase.io/demo_page" target="_blank"><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/cdn/gif/demo_page_5.gif" width="480" alt="SeleniumBase Example" title="SeleniumBase Example" /></a></p>

> Easy to type, click, select, toggle, drag & drop, and more.

(For more examples, see the <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/ReadMe.md">SeleniumBase/examples/</a> folder.)

--------

<p align="left"><a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/"><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/cdn/img/super_logo_sb3.png" alt="SeleniumBase" title="SeleniumBase" width="232" /></a></p>

<blockquote>
<p dir="auto"><strong>Explore the README:</strong></p>
<ul dir="auto">
<li><a href="#install_seleniumbase"   ><strong>Get Started / Installation</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="#basic_example_and_usage"><strong>Basic Example / Usage</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="#common_methods"         ><strong>Common Test Methods</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="#fun_facts"              ><strong>Fun Facts / Learn More</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="#demo_mode_and_debugging"><strong>Demo Mode / Debugging</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="#command_line_options"   ><strong>Command-line Options</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="#directory_configuration"><strong>Directory Configuration</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="#seleniumbase_dashboard" ><strong>SeleniumBase Dashboard</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="#creating_visual_reports"><strong>Generating Test Reports</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>

--------

<details>
<summary> ▶️ How is <b>SeleniumBase</b> different from raw Selenium? (<b>click to expand</b>)</summary>
<div>

<p>💡 SeleniumBase is a Python framework for browser automation and testing. SeleniumBase uses <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver2/#endpoints" target="_blank">Selenium/WebDriver</a> APIs and incorporates test-runners such as <code translate="no">pytest</code>, <code translate="no">pynose</code>, and <code translate="no">behave</code> to provide organized structure, test discovery, test execution, test state (<i>eg. passed, failed, or skipped</i>), and command-line options for changing default settings (<i>eg. browser selection</i>). With raw Selenium, you would need to set up your own options-parser for configuring tests from the command-line.</p>

<p>💡 SeleniumBase's driver manager gives you more control over automatic driver downloads. (Use <code translate="no">--driver-version=VER</code> with your <code translate="no">pytest</code> run command to specify the version.) By default, SeleniumBase will download a driver version that matches your major browser version if not set.</p>

<p>💡 SeleniumBase automatically detects between CSS Selectors and XPath, which means you don't need to specify the type of selector in your commands (<i>but optionally you could</i>).</p>

<p>💡 SeleniumBase methods often perform multiple actions in a single method call. For example, <code translate="no">self.type(selector, text)</code> does the following:<br />1. Waits for the element to be visible.<br />2. Waits for the element to be interactive.<br />3. Clears the text field.<br />4. Types in the new text.<br />5. Presses Enter/Submit if the text ends in <code translate="no">"\n"</code>.<br />With raw Selenium, those actions require multiple method calls.</p>

<p>💡 SeleniumBase uses default timeout values when not set:<br />
✅ <code translate="no">self.click("button")</code><br />
With raw Selenium, methods would fail instantly (<i>by default</i>) if an element needed more time to load:<br />
❌ <code translate="no">self.driver.find_element(by="css selector", value="button").click()</code><br />
(Reliable code is better than unreliable code.)</p>

<p>💡 SeleniumBase lets you change the explicit timeout values of methods:<br />
✅ <code translate="no">self.click("button", timeout=10)</code><br />
With raw Selenium, that requires more code:<br />
❌ <code translate="no">WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable("css selector", "button")).click()</code><br />
(Simple code is better than complex code.)</p>

<p>💡 SeleniumBase gives you clean error output when a test fails. With raw Selenium, error messages can get very messy.</p>

<p>💡 SeleniumBase gives you the option to generate a dashboard and reports for tests. It also saves screenshots from failing tests to the <code translate="no">./latest_logs/</code> folder. Raw <a href="https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/" translate="no" target="_blank">Selenium</a> does not have these options out-of-the-box.</p>

<p>💡 SeleniumBase includes desktop GUI apps for running tests, such as <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/commander.md" translate="no">SeleniumBase Commander</a> for <code translate="no">pytest</code> and <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/behave_bdd/ReadMe.md" translate="no">SeleniumBase Behave GUI</a> for <code translate="no">behave</code>.</p>

<p>💡 SeleniumBase has its own <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/recorder_mode.md">Recorder / Test Generator</a> for creating tests from manual browser actions.</p>

<p>💡 SeleniumBase comes with <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/case_plans.md">test case management software, ("CasePlans")</a>, for organizing tests and step descriptions.</p>

<p>💡 SeleniumBase includes tools for <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/chart_maker/ReadMe.md">building data apps, ("ChartMaker")</a>, which can generate JavaScript from Python.</p>

</div>
</details>

--------

<p>📚 <b>Learn about different ways of writing tests:</b></p>

<p align="left">📗📝 Here's <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/test_simple_login.py">test_simple_login.py</a>, which uses <code translate="no"><a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/seleniumbase/fixtures/base_case.py">BaseCase</a></code> class inheritance, and runs with <a href="https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/how-to/usage.html">pytest</a> or <a href="https://github.com/mdmintz/pynose">pynose</a>. (Use <code translate="no">self.driver</code> to access Selenium's raw <code translate="no">driver</code>.)</p>

```python
from seleniumbase import BaseCase
BaseCase.main(__name__, __file__)

class TestSimpleLogin(BaseCase):
    def test_simple_login(self):
        self.open("seleniumbase.io/simple/login")
        self.type("#username", "demo_user")
        self.type("#password", "secret_pass")
        self.click('a:contains("Sign in")')
        self.assert_exact_text("Welcome!", "h1")
        self.assert_element("img#image1")
        self.highlight("#image1")
        self.click_link("Sign out")
        self.assert_text("signed out", "#top_message")
```

<p align="left">📘📝 Here's <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/raw_login_sb.py">raw_login_sb.py</a>, which uses the <b><code translate="no">SB</code></b> Context Manager. Runs with pure <code translate="no">python</code>. (Use <code translate="no">sb.driver</code> to access Selenium's raw <code translate="no">driver</code>.)</p>

```python
from seleniumbase import SB

with SB() as sb:
    sb.open("seleniumbase.io/simple/login")
    sb.type("#username", "demo_user")
    sb.type("#password", "secret_pass")
    sb.click('a:contains("Sign in")')
    sb.assert_exact_text("Welcome!", "h1")
    sb.assert_element("img#image1")
    sb.highlight("#image1")
    sb.click_link("Sign out")
    sb.assert_text("signed out", "#top_message")
```

<p align="left">📙📝 Here's <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/raw_login_driver.py">raw_login_driver.py</a>, which uses the <b><code translate="no">Driver</code></b> Manager. Runs with pure <code translate="no">python</code>. (The <code>driver</code> is an improved version of Selenium's raw <code translate="no">driver</code>, with more methods.)</p>

```python
from seleniumbase import Driver

driver = Driver()
try:
    driver.open("seleniumbase.io/simple/login")
    driver.type("#username", "demo_user")
    driver.type("#password", "secret_pass")
    driver.click('a:contains("Sign in")')
    driver.assert_exact_text("Welcome!", "h1")
    driver.assert_element("img#image1")
    driver.highlight("#image1")
    driver.click_link("Sign out")
    driver.assert_text("signed out", "#top_message")
finally:
    driver.quit()
```

--------

<a id="python_installation"></a>
<h2><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/cdn/img/python_logo.png" title="SeleniumBase" width="42" /> Set up Python & Git:</h2>

<a href="https://www.python.org/downloads/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/seleniumbase.svg?color=FACE42" title="Supported Python Versions" /></a>

🔵 Add <b><a href="https://www.python.org/downloads/">Python</a></b> and <b><a href="https://git-scm.com/">Git</a></b> to your System PATH.

🔵 Using a <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/virtualenv_instructions.md">Python virtual env</a> is recommended.

<a id="install_seleniumbase"></a>
<h2><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/img/logo7.png" title="SeleniumBase" width="32" /> Install SeleniumBase:</h2>

**You can install ``seleniumbase`` from [PyPI](https://pypi.org/project/seleniumbase/) or [GitHub](https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase):**

🔵 **How to install ``seleniumbase`` from PyPI:**

```bash
pip install seleniumbase
```

* (Add ``--upgrade`` OR ``-U`` to upgrade SeleniumBase.)
* (Add ``--force-reinstall`` to upgrade indirect packages.)
* (Use ``pip3`` if multiple versions of Python are present.)

🔵 **How to install ``seleniumbase`` from a GitHub clone:**

```bash
git clone https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase.git
cd SeleniumBase/
pip install -e .
```

🔵 **How to upgrade an existing install from a GitHub clone:**

```bash
git pull
pip install -e .
```

🔵 **Type ``seleniumbase`` or ``sbase`` to verify that SeleniumBase was installed successfully:**

```bash
 ___      _          _             ___              
/ __| ___| |___ _ _ (_)_  _ _ __  | _ ) __ _ ______ 
\__ \/ -_) / -_) ' \| | \| | '  \ | _ \/ _` (_-< -_)
|___/\___|_\___|_||_|_|\_,_|_|_|_\|___/\__,_/__|___|
----------------------------------------------------

╭──────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│  * USAGE: "seleniumbase [COMMAND] [PARAMETERS]"  │
│  *    OR:        "sbase [COMMAND] [PARAMETERS]"  │
│                                                  │
│ COMMANDS:        PARAMETERS / DESCRIPTIONS:      │
│    get / install    [DRIVER_NAME] [OPTIONS]      │
│    methods          (List common Python methods) │
│    options          (List common pytest options) │
│    behave-options   (List common behave options) │
│    gui / commander  [OPTIONAL PATH or TEST FILE] │
│    behave-gui       (SBase Commander for Behave) │
│    caseplans        [OPTIONAL PATH or TEST FILE] │
│    mkdir            [DIRECTORY] [OPTIONS]        │
│    mkfile           [FILE.py] [OPTIONS]          │
│    mkrec / codegen  [FILE.py] [OPTIONS]          │
│    recorder         (Open Recorder Desktop App.) │
│    record           (If args: mkrec. Else: App.) │
│    mkpres           [FILE.py] [LANG]             │
│    mkchart          [FILE.py] [LANG]             │
│    print            [FILE] [OPTIONS]             │
│    translate        [SB_FILE.py] [LANG] [ACTION] │
│    convert          [WEBDRIVER_UNITTEST_FILE.py] │
│    extract-objects  [SB_FILE.py]                 │
│    inject-objects   [SB_FILE.py] [OPTIONS]       │
│    objectify        [SB_FILE.py] [OPTIONS]       │
│    revert-objects   [SB_FILE.py] [OPTIONS]       │
│    encrypt / obfuscate                           │
│    decrypt / unobfuscate                         │
│    proxy            (Start a basic proxy server) │
│    download server  (Get Selenium Grid JAR file) │
│    grid-hub         [start|stop] [OPTIONS]       │
│    grid-node        [start|stop] --hub=[HOST/IP] │
│                                                  │
│ *  EXAMPLE => "sbase get chromedriver stable"    │
│ *  For command info => "sbase help [COMMAND]"    │
│ *  For info on all commands => "sbase --help"    │
╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
```

<h3>🔵 Downloading webdrivers:</h3>

✅ SeleniumBase automatically downloads webdrivers as needed, such as ``chromedriver``.

<div></div>
<details>
<summary> ▶️ Here's sample output from a chromedriver download. (<b>click to expand</b>)</summary>

```bash
*** chromedriver to download = 131.0.6778.108 (Latest Stable) 

Downloading chromedriver-mac-arm64.zip from:
https://storage.googleapis.com/chrome-for-testing-public/131.0.6778.108/mac-arm64/chromedriver-mac-arm64.zip ...
Download Complete!

Extracting ['chromedriver'] from chromedriver-mac-arm64.zip ...
Unzip Complete!

The file [chromedriver] was saved to:
~/github/SeleniumBase/seleniumbase/drivers/
chromedriver

Making [chromedriver 131.0.6778.108] executable ...
[chromedriver 131.0.6778.108] is now ready for use!
```

</details>


<a id="basic_example_and_usage"></a>
<h2><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/img/logo7.png" title="SeleniumBase" width="32" /> Basic Example / Usage:</h2>

🔵 If you've cloned SeleniumBase, you can run tests from the [examples/](https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/tree/master/examples) folder.

<p align="left">Here's <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/my_first_test.py">my_first_test.py</a>:</p>

```bash
cd examples/
pytest my_first_test.py
```

<a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/my_first_test.py"><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/cdn/gif/fast_swag_2.gif" alt="SeleniumBase Test" title="SeleniumBase Test" width="480" /></a>

<p align="left"><b>Here's the full code for <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/my_first_test.py">my_first_test.py</a>:</b></p>

```python
from seleniumbase import BaseCase
BaseCase.main(__name__, __file__)

class MyTestClass(BaseCase):
    def test_swag_labs(self):
        self.open("https://www.saucedemo.com")
        self.type("#user-name", "standard_user")
        self.type("#password", "secret_sauce\n")
        self.assert_element("div.inventory_list")
        self.assert_exact_text("Products", "span.title")
        self.click('button[name*="backpack"]')
        self.click("#shopping_cart_container a")
        self.assert_exact_text("Your Cart", "span.title")
        self.assert_text("Backpack", "div.cart_item")
        self.click("button#checkout")
        self.type("#first-name", "SeleniumBase")
        self.type("#last-name", "Automation")
        self.type("#postal-code", "77123")
        self.click("input#continue")
        self.assert_text("Checkout: Overview")
        self.assert_text("Backpack", "div.cart_item")
        self.assert_text("29.99", "div.inventory_item_price")
        self.click("button#finish")
        self.assert_exact_text("Thank you for your order!", "h2")
        self.assert_element('img[alt="Pony Express"]')
        self.js_click("a#logout_sidebar_link")
        self.assert_element("div#login_button_container")
```

* By default, **[CSS Selectors](https://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css_selectors.asp)** are used for finding page elements.
* If you're new to CSS Selectors, games like [CSS Diner](http://flukeout.github.io/) can help you learn.
* For more reading, [here's an advanced guide on CSS attribute selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Attribute_selectors).


<a id="common_methods"></a>
<h3><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/img/logo7.png" title="SeleniumBase" width="32" /> Here are some common SeleniumBase methods:</h3>

```python
self.open(url)  # Navigate the browser window to the URL.
self.type(selector, text)  # Update the field with the text.
self.click(selector)  # Click the element with the selector.
self.click_link(link_text)  # Click the link containing text.
self.go_back()  # Navigate back to the previous URL.
self.select_option_by_text(dropdown_selector, option)
self.hover_and_click(hover_selector, click_selector)
self.drag_and_drop(drag_selector, drop_selector)
self.get_text(selector)  # Get the text from the element.
self.get_current_url()  # Get the URL of the current page.
self.get_page_source()  # Get the HTML of the current page.
self.get_attribute(selector, attribute)  # Get element attribute.
self.get_title()  # Get the title of the current page.
self.switch_to_frame(frame)  # Switch into the iframe container.
self.switch_to_default_content()  # Leave the iframe container.
self.open_new_window()  # Open a new window in the same browser.
self.switch_to_window(window)  # Switch to the browser window.
self.switch_to_default_window()  # Switch to the original window.
self.get_new_driver(OPTIONS)  # Open a new driver with OPTIONS.
self.switch_to_driver(driver)  # Switch to the browser driver.
self.switch_to_default_driver()  # Switch to the original driver.
self.wait_for_element(selector)  # Wait until element is visible.
self.is_element_visible(selector)  # Return element visibility.
self.is_text_visible(text, selector)  # Return text visibility.
self.sleep(seconds)  # Do nothing for the given amount of time.
self.save_screenshot(name)  # Save a screenshot in .png format.
self.assert_element(selector)  # Verify the element is visible.
self.assert_text(text, selector)  # Verify text in the element.
self.assert_exact_text(text, selector)  # Verify text is exact.
self.assert_title(title)  # Verify the title of the web page.
self.assert_downloaded_file(file)  # Verify file was downloaded.
self.assert_no_404_errors()  # Verify there are no broken links.
self.assert_no_js_errors()  # Verify there are no JS errors.
```

🔵 For the complete list of SeleniumBase methods, see: <b><a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/method_summary.md">Method Summary</a></b>


<a id="fun_facts"></a>
<h2><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/img/logo7.png" title="SeleniumBase" width="32" /> Fun Facts / Learn More:</h2>

<p>✅ SeleniumBase automatically handles common <a href="https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/" target="_blank">WebDriver</a> actions such as launching web browsers before tests, saving screenshots during failures, and closing web browsers after tests.</p>

<p>✅ SeleniumBase lets you customize tests via <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/customizing_test_runs.md">command-line options</a>.</p>

<p>✅ SeleniumBase uses simple syntax for commands. Example:</p>

```python
self.type("input", "dogs\n")  # (The "\n" presses ENTER)
```

Most SeleniumBase scripts can be run with <code translate="no">pytest</code>, <code translate="no">pynose</code>, or pure <code translate="no">python</code>. Not all test runners can run all test formats. For example, tests that use the ``sb`` pytest fixture can only be run with ``pytest``. (See <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/syntax_formats.md">Syntax Formats</a>) There's also a <a href="https://behave.readthedocs.io/en/stable/gherkin.html#features" target="_blank">Gherkin</a> test format that runs with <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/behave_bdd/ReadMe.md">behave</a>.

```bash
pytest coffee_cart_tests.py --rs
pytest test_sb_fixture.py --demo
pytest test_suite.py --rs --html=report.html --dashboard

pynose basic_test.py --mobile
pynose test_suite.py --headless --report --show-report

python raw_sb.py
python raw_test_scripts.py

behave realworld.feature
behave calculator.feature -D rs -D dashboard
```

<p>✅ <code translate="no">pytest</code> includes automatic test discovery. If you don't specify a specific file or folder to run, <code translate="no">pytest</code> will automatically search through all subdirectories for tests to run based on the following criteria:</p>

* Python files that start with ``test_`` or end with ``_test.py``.
* Python methods that start with ``test_``.

With a SeleniumBase [pytest.ini](https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/pytest.ini) file present, you can modify default discovery settings. The Python class name can be anything because ``seleniumbase.BaseCase`` inherits ``unittest.TestCase`` to trigger autodiscovery.

<p>✅ You can do a pre-flight check to see which tests would get discovered by <code translate="no">pytest</code> before the actual run:</p>

```bash
pytest --co -q
```

<p>✅ You can be more specific when calling <code translate="no">pytest</code> or <code translate="no">pynose</code> on a file:</p>

```bash
pytest [FILE_NAME.py]::[CLASS_NAME]::[METHOD_NAME]

pynose [FILE_NAME.py]:[CLASS_NAME].[METHOD_NAME]
```

<p>✅ No More Flaky Tests! SeleniumBase methods automatically wait for page elements to finish loading before interacting with them (<i>up to a timeout limit</i>). This means <b>you no longer need random <span><code translate="no">time.sleep()</code></span> statements</b> in your scripts.</p>
<img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Flaky%20Tests%3F-%20NO%21-11BBDD.svg" alt="NO MORE FLAKY TESTS!" />

✅ SeleniumBase supports all major browsers and operating systems:
<p><b>Browsers:</b> Chrome, Edge, Firefox, and Safari.</p>
<p><b>Systems:</b> Linux/Ubuntu, macOS, and Windows.</p>

✅ SeleniumBase works on all popular CI/CD platforms:
<p><a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/integrations/github/workflows/ReadMe.md"><img alt="GitHub Actions integration" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/GitHub_Actions-12B2C2.svg?logo=GitHubActions&logoColor=CFFFC2" /></a> <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/integrations/azure/jenkins/ReadMe.md"><img alt="Jenkins integration" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Jenkins-32B242.svg?logo=jenkins&logoColor=white" /></a> <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/integrations/azure/azure_pipelines/ReadMe.md"><img alt="Azure integration" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Azure-2288EE.svg?logo=AzurePipelines&logoColor=white" /></a> <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/integrations/google_cloud/ReadMe.md"><img alt="Google Cloud integration" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Google_Cloud-11CAE8.svg?logo=GoogleCloud&logoColor=EE0066" /></a> <a href="#utilizing_advanced_features"><img alt="AWS integration" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/AWS-4488DD.svg?logo=AmazonAWS&logoColor=FFFF44" /></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computer" target="_blank"><img alt="Your Computer" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/💻_Your_Computer-44E6E6.svg" /></a></p>

<p>✅ SeleniumBase includes an automated/manual hybrid solution called <b><a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/examples/master_qa/ReadMe.md">MasterQA</a></b> to speed up manual testing with automation while manual testers handle validation.</p>

<p>✅ SeleniumBase supports <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/tree/master/examples/offline_examples">running tests while offline</a> (<i>assuming webdrivers have previously been downloaded when online</i>).</p>

<p>✅ For a full list of SeleniumBase features, <a href="https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase/blob/master/help_docs/features_list.md">Click Here</a>.</p>


<a id="demo_mode_and_debugging"></a>
<h2><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/img/logo7.png" title="SeleniumBase" width="32" /> Demo Mode / Debugging:</h2>

🔵 <b>Demo Mode</b> helps you see what a test is doing. If a test is moving too fast for your eyes, run it in <b>Demo Mode</b> to pause the browser briefly between actions, highlight page elements being acted on, and display assertions:

```bash
pytest my_first_test.py --demo
```

🔵 ``time.sleep(seconds)`` can be used to make a test wait at a specific spot:

```python
import time; time.sleep(3)  # Do nothing for 3 seconds.
```

🔵 **Debug Mode** with Python's built-in **[pdb](https://docs.python.org/3/library/pdb.html)** library helps you debug tests:

```python
import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
import pytest; pytest.set_trace()
breakpoint()  # Shortcut for "import pdb; pdb.set_trace()"
```

> (**``pdb``** commands: ``n``, ``c``, ``s``, ``u``, ``d`` => ``next``, ``continue``, ``step``, ``up``, ``down``)

🔵 To pause an active test that throws an exception or error, (*and keep the browser window open while **Debug Mode** begins in the console*), add **``--pdb``** as a ``pytest`` option:

```bash
pytest test_fail.py --pdb
```

🔵 To start tests in Debug Mode, add **``--trace``** as a ``pytest`` option:

```bash
pytest test_coffee_cart.py --trace
```

<a href="https://github.com/mdmintz/pdbp"><img src="https://seleniumbase.github.io/cdn/gif/coffee_pdbp.gif" alt="SeleniumBase test with the pdbp (Pdb+) debugger" title="SeleniumBase test with the pdbp (Pdb+) debugger" /></a>


<a id="command_line_options"></a>
<h2>🔵 Command-line Options:</h2>

<a id="pytest_options"></a>
✅ Here are some useful command-line options that come with <code translate="no">pytest</code>:

```bash
-v  # Verbose mode. Prints the full name of each test and shows more details.
-q  # Quiet mode. Print fewer details in the console output when running tests.
-x  # Stop running the tests after the first failure is reached.
--html=report.html  # Creates a detailed pytest-html report after tests finish.
--co | --collect-only  # Show what tests would get run. (Without running them)
--co -q  # (Both options together!) - Do a dry run with full test names shown.
-n=NUM  # Multithread the tests using that many threads. (Speed up test runs!)
-s  # See print statements. (Should be on by default with pytest.ini present.)
--junit-xml=report.xml  # Creates a junit-xml report after tests finish.
--pdb  # If a test fails, enter Post Mortem Debug Mode. (Don't use with CI!)
--trace  # Enter Debug Mode at the beginning of each test. (Don't use with CI!)
-m=MARKER  # Run tests with the specified pytest marker.
```

<a id="new_pytest_options"></a>
✅ SeleniumBase provides additional <code translate="no">pytest</code> command-line options for tests:

```bash
--browser=BROWSER  # (The web browser to use. Default: "chrome".)
--chrome  # (Shortcut for "--browser=chrome". On by default.)
--edge  # (Shortcut for "--browser=edge".)
--firefox  # (Shortcut for "--browser=firefox".)
--safari  # (Shortcut for "--browser=safari".)
--settings-file=FILE  # (Override default SeleniumBase settings.)
--env=ENV  # (Set the test env. Access with "self.env" in tests.)
--account=STR  # (Set account. Access with "self.account" in tests.)
--data=STRING  # (Extra test data. Access with "self.data" in tests.)
--var1=STRING  # (Extra test data. Access with "self.var1" in tests.)
--var2=STRING  # (Extra test data. Access with "self.var2" in tests.)
--var3=STRING  # (Extra test data. Access with "self.var3" in tests.)
--variables=DICT  # (Extra test data. Access with "self.variables".)
--user-data-dir=DIR  # (Set the Chrome user data directory to use.)
--protocol=PROTOCOL  # (The Selenium Grid protocol: http|https.)
--server=SERVER  # (The Selenium Grid server/IP used for tests.)
--port=PORT  # (The Selenium Grid port used by the test server.)
--cap-file=FILE  # (The web browser's desired capabilities to use.)
--cap-string=STRING  # (The web browser's desired capabilities to use.)
--proxy=SERVER:PORT  # (Connect to a proxy server:port as tests are running)
--proxy=USERNAME:PASSWORD@SERVER:PORT  # (Use an authenticated proxy server)
--proxy-bypass-list=STRING # (";"-separated hosts to bypass, Eg "*.foo.com")
--proxy-pac-url=URL  # (Connect to a proxy server using a PAC_URL.pac file.)
--proxy-pac-url=USERNAME:PASSWORD@URL  # (Authenticated proxy with PAC URL.)
--proxy-driver  # (If a driver download is needed, will use: --proxy=PROXY.)
--multi-proxy  # (Allow multiple authenticated proxies when multi-threaded.)
--agent=STRING  # (Modify the web browser's User-Agent string.)
--mobile  # (Use the mobile device emulator while running tests.)
--metrics=STRING  # (Set mobile metrics: "CSSWidth,CSSHeight,PixelRatio".)
--chromium-arg="ARG=N,ARG2"  # (Set Chromium args, ","-separated, no spaces.)
--firefox-arg="ARG=N,ARG2"  # (Set Firefox args, comma-separated, no spaces.)
--firefox-pref=SET  # (Set a Firefox preference:value set, comma-separated.)
--extension-zip=ZIP  # (Load a Chrome Extension .zip|.crx, comma-separated.)
--extension-dir=DIR  # (Load a Chrome Extension directory, comma-separated.)
--disable-features="F1,F2"  # (Disable features, comma-separated, no spaces.)
--binary-location=PATH  # (Set path of the Chromium browser binary to use.)
--driver-version=VER  # (Set the chromedriver or uc_driver version to use.)
--sjw  # (Skip JS Waits for readyState to be "complete" or Angular to load.)
--wfa  # (Wait for AngularJS to be done loading after specific web actions.)
--pls=PLS  # (Set pageLoadStrategy on Chrome: "normal", "eager", or "none".)
--headless  # (The default headless mode. Linux uses this mode by default.)
--headless1  # (Use Chrome's old headless mode. Fast, but has limitations.)
--headless2  # (Use Chrome's new headless mo