mcp-mysql-ops 1.3.5
MCP server for MySQL database operations and monitoring
Requires Python: >=3.12

# MCP Server for MySQL Operations and Monitoring

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---

## Architecture & Internal (DeepWiki)

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---

## Overview

You are working with the **MCP MySQL Operations Server**, a powerful tool that provides comprehensive MySQL database monitoring and analysis capabilities through natural language queries. This server offers **19 specialized tools** for database administration, performance monitoring, and system analysis. Leverages MySQL's Performance Schema and Information Schema for deep insights into database operations and performance metrics.

---

## Features

- ✅ **Zero Configuration**: Works with MySQL 5.7+ and 8.0+ out-of-the-box with automatic version detection.
- ✅ **Natural Language**: Ask questions like "Show me slow queries" or "Analyze table sizes."
- ✅ **Production Safe**: Read-only operations, AWS RDS/Aurora MySQL compatible with regular user permissions.
- ✅ **Performance Schema Integration**: Advanced query analytics using MySQL's built-in Performance Schema.
- ✅ **Comprehensive Database Monitoring**: Storage engine analysis, connection monitoring, and performance insights.
- ✅ **Smart Query Analysis**: Query performance identification using Performance Schema statistics.
- ✅ **Schema & Structure Discovery**: Database structure exploration with detailed table and index analysis.
- ✅ **Storage Engine Intelligence**: InnoDB monitoring, table optimization recommendations.
- ✅ **Multi-Database Operations**: Seamless cross-database analysis and monitoring.
- ✅ **Enterprise-Ready**: Safe read-only operations with AWS RDS/Aurora MySQL compatibility.
- ✅ **Developer-Friendly**: Simple codebase for easy customization and tool extension.

### 🔧 **Advanced Capabilities**
- Performance Schema-based query monitoring and analysis.
- Real-time connection and process monitoring.
- Storage engine status and optimization analysis.
- Database capacity and table size analysis.
- Index usage and efficiency tracking.

## Tool Usage Examples

---

![MCP-MySQL-Ops Usage Screenshot](img/screenshot-000.png)

---

![MCP-MySQL-Ops Usage Screenshot](img/screenshot-001.png)

---

## ⭐ Quickstart (5 minutes)

> **Note:** The `mysql` container included in `docker-compose.yml` is intended for quickstart testing purposes only. You can connect to your own MySQL instance by adjusting the environment variables as needed.

> **If you want to use your own MySQL instance instead of the built-in test container:**
> - Update the target MySQL connection information in your `.env` file (see MYSQL_HOST, MYSQL_PORT, MYSQL_USER, MYSQL_PASSWORD, MYSQL_DATABASE).
> - In `docker-compose.yml`, comment out (disable) the `mysql` and `mysql-init-data` containers to avoid starting the built-in test database.

### Flow Diagram of Quickstart/Tutorial

![Flow Diagram of Quickstart/Tutorial](img/MCP-Workflow-of-Quickstart-Tutorial.png)

### 1. Environment Setup

> **Note**: The system automatically handles user permissions - both root users and regular users are supported with appropriate access control.

```bash
git clone https://github.com/call518/MCP-MySQL-Ops.git
cd MCP-MySQL-Ops

# Copy and check environment configuration
cp .env.example .env
```

**Default configuration (works out-of-the-box):**
```bash
#### MySQL Root Configuration for Docker:
MYSQL_ROOT_HOST=%
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=changeme!@34

#### MySQL Host Configuration:
MYSQL_HOST=host.docker.internal
MYSQL_PORT=13306
MYSQL_USER=root
MYSQL_PASSWORD=${MYSQL_PASSWORD}
MYSQL_DATABASE=test_ecommerce
```

**For your own MySQL server:**
```bash
# Edit .env file with your MySQL connection details
MYSQL_HOST=your-mysql-server.com
MYSQL_PORT=3306
MYSQL_USER=your_username     # Will auto-grant permissions on test DBs
MYSQL_PASSWORD=your_password
MYSQL_DATABASE=your_default_db

# Then disable built-in containers in docker-compose.yml
# Comment out: mysql and mysql-init-data services
```

> **Note**: The MySQL container is configured with proper volume mapping for data persistence and initial database setup.

**Additional Resources:**
- **MCP Tool Features (Swagger)**: http://localhost:8004/docs  
- **MCPO Proxy API Documentation**: http://localhost:8004/mysql-ops/docs

### 2. Run Docker Stack

```bash
# Start all services (MySQL + MCP server + test interfaces)
docker-compose up -d

# Check container status
docker-compose ps

# Watch the logs (Ctrl+C to exit)
docker-compose logs -f mysql-init-data
```

**⏱️ Container Startup Sequence & Wait Time:**
- **MySQL Container**: Starts first and initializes database (~30-60 seconds)
- **MySQL Init Data**: Generates test data automatically (~1-2 minutes)
- **MCP Server**: Starts after MySQL is ready (~10-20 seconds)
- **OpenWebUI**: Starts last to ensure all services are available (~10-30 seconds)

**💡 Please wait 2-3 minutes** for all containers to fully initialize before accessing the web interface. You can monitor the startup progress with:

```bash
# Monitor all container logs
docker-compose logs -f

# Check if all containers are healthy
docker-compose ps
```

### 3. Automatic Test Data Generation

**🎉 No manual setup required!** Test data is automatically generated during first startup by the `mysql-init-data` container.

**What happens automatically:**
- ✅ 4 comprehensive test databases created (`test_ecommerce`, `test_analytics`, `test_inventory`, `test_hr`)
- ✅ ~2,745 realistic records with proper foreign key relationships
- ✅ User permissions automatically configured for your `MYSQL_USER` (from .env)
- ✅ Test users and roles created for different access scenarios

**Manual execution (if needed):**
```bash
# Force regenerate test data (optional)
docker-compose run --rm mysql-init-data /scripts/create-test-data.sh

# Check generation logs
docker logs mcp-mysql-ops-mysql-init-data
```

**Verification:**
```bash
# Connect and verify test databases exist
docker exec -it mcp-mysql-ops-mysql-8 mysql -u [your_mysql_user] -p -e "SHOW DATABASES;"
```

### 4. Access to OpenWebUI

**🌐 Web Interface:** http://localhost:3004/

> **⏳ Important**: Please wait **2-3 minutes** after running `docker-compose up -d` for all containers to fully initialize. OpenWebUI starts last to ensure all backend services (MySQL, test data generation, MCP server) are ready.

**Quick Status Check:**
```bash
# Verify all containers are running
docker-compose ps

# If any container shows "starting" or "unhealthy", wait a bit longer
# You can watch the startup logs:
docker-compose logs -f
```

### 5. Registering the Tool in OpenWebUI

> 📌 **Note**: Web-UI configuration instructions are based on OpenWebUI **v0.6.22**. Menu locations and settings may differ in newer versions.

1. logging in to OpenWebUI with an admin account
1. go to "Settings" → "Tools" from the top menu.
1. Enter the `mysql-ops` Tool address (e.g., `http://localhost:8004/mysql-ops`) to connect MCP Tools.
1. Setup Ollama or OpenAI.

### 6. Complete!

**Congratulations!** Your MCP MySQL Operations server is now ready for use. You can start exploring your databases with natural language queries.

#### 🚀 **Try These Example Queries:**

- **"Show me the current active connections"**
- **"What are the current server status and configuration?"** 
- **"Analyze table sizes and storage efficiency"**
- **"Show me database size information"**
- **"What tables have the most rows?"**

---

## Security & Authentication

### Bearer Token Authentication

For `streamable-http` mode, this MCP server supports Bearer token authentication to secure remote access. This is especially important when running the server in production environments.

#### Configuration

**Enable Authentication:**

```bash
# In .env file
REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE=true
REMOTE_SECRET_KEY=your-secure-secret-key-here
```

**Or via CLI:**

```bash
python -m mcp_mysql_ops --type streamable-http --auth-enable --secret-key your-secure-secret-key-here
```

#### Security Levels

1. **stdio mode** (Default): Local-only access, no authentication needed
2. **streamable-http + REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE=false**: Remote access without authentication ⚠️ **NOT RECOMMENDED for production**
3. **streamable-http + REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE=true**: Remote access with Bearer token authentication ✅ **RECOMMENDED for production**

#### Client Configuration

When authentication is enabled, MCP clients must include the Bearer token in the Authorization header:

```json
{
  "mcpServers": {
    "mcp-mysql-ops": {
      "type": "streamable-http",
      "url": "http://your-server:8000/mcp",
      "headers": {
        "Authorization": "Bearer your-secure-secret-key-here"
      }
    }
  }
}
```

#### Security Best Practices

- **Always enable authentication** when using streamable-http mode in production
- **Use strong, randomly generated secret keys** (32+ characters recommended)
- **Use HTTPS** when possible (configure reverse proxy with SSL/TLS)
- **Restrict network access** using firewalls or network policies
- **Rotate secret keys regularly** for enhanced security
- **Monitor access logs** for unauthorized access attempts

#### Error Handling

When authentication fails, the server returns:
- **401 Unauthorized** for missing or invalid tokens
- **Detailed error messages** in JSON format for debugging

---

## 🐛 Usage & Configuration

This MCP server supports two connection modes: **stdio** (traditional) and **streamable-http** (Docker-based). You can configure the transport mode using CLI arguments or environment variables.

**Configuration Priority:** CLI arguments > Environment variables > Default values

### CLI Arguments

- `--type` (`-t`): Transport type (`stdio` or `streamable-http`) - Default: `stdio`
- `--host`: Host address for HTTP transport - Default: `127.0.0.1`  
- `--port` (`-p`): Port number for HTTP transport - Default: `8000`
- `--auth-enable`: Enable Bearer token authentication for streamable-http mode - Default: `false`
- `--secret-key`: Secret key for Bearer token authentication (required when auth enabled)

### Environment Variables

| Variable | Description | Default | Project Default |
|----------|-------------|---------|-----------------|
| `PYTHONPATH` | Python module search path for MCP server imports | - | `/app/src` |
| `MCP_LOG_LEVEL` | Server logging verbosity (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR) | `INFO` | `INFO` |
| `FASTMCP_TYPE` | MCP transport protocol (stdio for CLI, streamable-http for web) | `stdio` | `streamable-http` |
| `FASTMCP_HOST` | HTTP server bind address (0.0.0.0 for all interfaces) | `127.0.0.1` | `0.0.0.0` |
| `FASTMCP_PORT` | HTTP server port for MCP communication | `8000` | `8000` |
| `REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE` | Enable Bearer token authentication for streamable-http mode. **If undefined/empty, defaults to `false`**. Accepts: true/false, 1/0, yes/no, on/off (case insensitive) | `false` | `false` |
| `REMOTE_SECRET_KEY` | Secret key for Bearer token authentication. **If undefined/empty, authentication will be disabled even if `REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE=true`**. Recommended: 32+ character random string | `""` (empty) | `your-secret-key-here` |
| `MYSQL_HOST` | MySQL server hostname or IP address | `127.0.0.1` | `host.docker.internal` |
| `MYSQL_PORT` | MySQL server port number | `3306` | `13306` |
| `MYSQL_USER` | Username for MySQL server authentication | `root` | `root` |
| `MYSQL_PASSWORD` | Password for MySQL server authentication | - | `changeme!@34` |
| `MYSQL_DATABASE` | Name of the default target MySQL database | - | `test_ecommerce` |
| `DOCKER_EXTERNAL_PORT_OPENWEBUI` | Host port mapping for Open WebUI container | `8080` | `3004` |

### Environment Setup

Copy `.env.example` to `.env` and configure your environment:

```bash
cp .env.example .env
# Edit .env file with your specific configuration
```

#### Environment Variable Defaults Policy

**Authentication Variables:**
- `REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE`: If undefined, commented out, or empty → defaults to `false`
- `REMOTE_SECRET_KEY`: If undefined, commented out, or empty → defaults to `""` (empty string)

**Security Behavior:**
- Authentication is **only enabled** when both conditions are met:
  1. `REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE` is explicitly set to a truthy value (true/1/yes/on)
  2. `REMOTE_SECRET_KEY` is set to a non-empty string
- If either condition fails, the server runs **without authentication**
- This ensures safe defaults and prevents accidental authentication bypass

**Example configurations:**
```bash
# Authentication disabled (all equivalent)
# REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE=            # undefined/commented
REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE=false         # explicit false
REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE=""           # empty string

# Authentication enabled (requires both)
REMOTE_AUTH_ENABLE=true         # or 1, yes, on
REMOTE_SECRET_KEY=my-secret-key # non-empty string
```

---

## 🛠️ Local Development & Installation

For developers wanting to run the MCP server locally or integrate it into their own projects:

### Method 1: Console Script (Recommended)
```bash
# Clone and install
git clone https://github.com/call518/MCP-MySQL-Ops.git
cd MCP-MySQL-Ops
pip install -e .

# Run with simple command
mcp-mysql-ops --type stdio
mcp-mysql-ops --type streamable-http --host 127.0.0.1 --port 8000
```

### Method 2: Module Execution
```bash
# Clone and set PYTHONPATH
git clone https://github.com/call518/MCP-MySQL-Ops.git
cd MCP-MySQL-Ops
export PYTHONPATH=$(pwd)/src

# Run as module
python -m mcp_mysql_ops --type stdio
python -m mcp_mysql_ops --type streamable-http --host 127.0.0.1 --port 8000
```

> **💡 Pro Tip**: Use Method 1 (console script) for cleaner integration. Method 2 is useful when you need to modify the source code directly.

---

## (NOTE) Sample Test Data Overview

The test data generation system follows the PostgreSQL MCP project pattern - using a dedicated `mysql-init-data` container that automatically creates comprehensive test databases on first startup.

### 🚀 **Automatic Test Data Generation**

The `mysql-init-data` container (defined in docker-compose.yml) automatically executes `scripts/create-test-data.sh` and `scripts/create-test-data.sql` on first startup, generating realistic business data for MCP tool testing.

| Database | Purpose | Tables | Scale |
|----------|---------|--------|-------|
| **test_ecommerce** | E-commerce system | categories, products, customers, orders, order_items | 10 categories, 500 products, 100 customers, 1000 orders, 2500 order items |
| **test_analytics** | Analytics & reporting | page_views, sales_summary | 500 page views, 30 sales summaries |
| **test_inventory** | Warehouse management | suppliers, inventory_items, purchase_orders | 10 suppliers, 100 items, 50 purchase orders |
| **test_hr** | HR management | departments, employees, payroll | 5 departments, 50 employees, 150 payroll records |

**Total Records:** ~2,745 records across all test databases

**Test users created:** `app_readonly`, `app_readwrite`, `analytics_user`, `backup_user`

**User Permission Management:** The system automatically creates specified `MYSQL_USER` (from .env) and grants full permissions on the 4 test databases only, ensuring secure access control.

**Features for Testing:**
- ✅ Foreign key relationships with proper referential integrity
- ✅ Various storage engines (InnoDB optimization)
- ✅ Mixed index types (used/unused for testing index analysis tools)
- ✅ Time-series data for analytics testing
- ✅ Realistic business scenarios across multiple domains
- ✅ Safe test environment with isolated user permissions

### 📋 **PostgreSQL-Style Init Pattern**

Similar to the [MCP-PostgreSQL-Ops](https://github.com/call518/MCP-PostgreSQL-Ops) project, this MySQL implementation uses:
- Dedicated init container (`mysql-init-data`) for one-time data generation
- Health check dependencies ensuring MySQL is ready before data creation
- Root privileges for database creation, then permission delegation to specified user
- Comprehensive logging and error handling during initialization

---

## Tool Compatibility Matrix

> **Automatic Adaptation:** All tools work transparently across supported versions - no configuration needed!

### 🟢 **Professional MySQL Tools (19 Tools Available)**

| Tool Name | MySQL Versions | Features | Information Source |
|-----------|---------------|----------|-------------------|
| `get_server_info` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Server version, configuration, status variables | `SHOW VERSION`, `INFORMATION_SCHEMA` |
| `get_database_list` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Database sizes, character sets, collations | `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA`, `information_schema.tables` |
| `get_table_list` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Table information, storage engines, row counts | `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES` |
| `get_table_schema_info` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Columns, indexes, constraints, foreign keys | `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS`, `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.STATISTICS` |
| `get_database_overview` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Database summary, table counts, sizes | `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES`, aggregated statistics |
| `get_user_list` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ MySQL users, hosts, privileges, account status | `mysql.user`, `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.USER_PRIVILEGES` |
| `get_active_connections` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Active connections, connection details, process list | `SHOW PROCESSLIST`, `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST` |
| `get_server_status` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Server status variables, performance counters | `SHOW STATUS`, system status variables |
| `get_table_size_info` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Table sizes, index sizes, data/index ratios | `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES` (DATA_LENGTH, INDEX_LENGTH) |
| `get_database_size_info` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Database sizes, storage usage analysis | Aggregated `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES` data |
| `get_index_usage_stats` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Index usage, cardinality, efficiency analysis | `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.STATISTICS`, `SHOW INDEX` |

### 🚀 **Performance Schema Enhanced Tools (8 Additional Tools)**

| Tool Name | MySQL Versions | Features | Information Source |
|-----------|---------------|----------|-------------------|
| `get_mysql_config` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ MySQL configuration variables and settings | `SHOW VARIABLES`, system configuration |
| `get_slow_queries` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Slow query analysis and performance insights | `Performance Schema`, slow query log |
| `get_table_io_stats` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Table I/O statistics and access patterns | `Performance Schema` I/O monitoring |
| `get_lock_monitoring` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Lock analysis and contention monitoring | `Performance Schema` lock tables |
| `get_all_databases_tables` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Cross-database table overview and analysis | Multi-database `INFORMATION_SCHEMA` queries |
| `get_all_databases_table_sizes` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Global table size analysis across databases | Aggregated size statistics |
| `get_connection_info` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Connection details and session information | Enhanced connection monitoring |
| `get_current_database_info` | MySQL 5.7+ / 8.0+ | ✅ Current database context and details | Active database information |

### 🚀 **Version-Aware Enhancements**

| Feature | MySQL 5.7 | MySQL 8.0+ | Enhanced Capabilities |
|---------|------------|-------------|---------------------|
| **Performance Schema** | ✅ Basic | ✅ **Enhanced** | MySQL 8.0+: Advanced query monitoring, improved Performance Schema tables |
| **Information Schema** | ✅ Standard | ✅ **Enhanced** | MySQL 8.0+: Additional metadata tables and improved statistics |
| **Storage Engine Info** | ✅ InnoDB Focus | ✅ **Multi-Engine** | MySQL 8.0+: Enhanced storage engine statistics and monitoring |
| **JSON Support** | ✅ Basic | ✅ **Advanced** | MySQL 8.0+: Improved JSON functions and indexing capabilities |
| **User Management** | ✅ Traditional | ✅ **Role-Based** | MySQL 8.0+: Role-based access control and enhanced security features |

> **📋 MySQL Version Support**: Currently supports MySQL 5.7+ and 8.0+ versions. MySQL 8.1+ and 8.2+ compatibility will be added as they reach stable release status.

---

## Usage Examples

### Claude Desktop Integration

**Method 1: Local MCP (transport="stdio")**

```json
{
  "mcpServers": {
    "mcp-mysql-ops": {
      "command": "uvx",
      "args": ["--python", "3.11", "mcp-mysql-ops"],
      "env": {
        "MYSQL_HOST": "127.0.0.1",
        "MYSQL_PORT": "13306",
        "MYSQL_USER": "root",
        "MYSQL_PASSWORD": "changeme!@34",
        "MYSQL_DATABASE": "test_ecommerce"
      }
    }
  }
}
```

**Method 2: Remote MCP (transport="streamable-http")**

**On MCP-Client Host:**

```json
{
  "mcpServers": {
    "mcp-mysql-ops": {
      "type": "streamable-http",
      "url": "http://localhost:18004/mcp"
    }
  }
}
```

**With Bearer Token Authentication (Recommended for production):**

```json
{
  "mcpServers": {
    "mcp-mysql-ops": {
      "type": "streamable-http", 
      "url": "http://localhost:18004/mcp",
      "headers": {
        "Authorization": "Bearer your-secure-secret-key-here"
      }
    }
  }
}
```

"Display MySQL server capabilities and version information."
![Claude Desktop Integration](img/screenshot-claude-desktop-001.png)

"Draw relationships as a Mermaid diagram"
![Claude Desktop Integration](img/screenshot-claude-desktop-002.png)

(Optional) Run with Local Source:

```json
{
  "mcpServers": {
    "mcp-mysql-ops": {
      "command": "uv",
      "args": ["run", "python", "-m", "src.mcp_mysql_ops.mcp_main"],
      "env": {
        "PYTHONPATH": "/path/to/MCP-MySQL-Ops",
        "MYSQL_HOST": "127.0.0.1",
        "MYSQL_PORT": "13306",
        "MYSQL_USER": "root",
        "MYSQL_PASSWORD": "changeme!@34",
        "MYSQL_DATABASE": "test_ecommerce"
      }
    }
  }
}
```

### Run MCP-Server as Standalon

#### /w Pypi and uvx (Recommended)

```bash
# Stdio mode
uvx --python 3.11 mcp-mysql-ops \
  --type stdio

# HTTP mode
uvx --python 3.11 mcp-mysql-ops
  --type streamable-http \
  --host 127.0.0.1 \
  --port 8000 \
  --log-level DEBUG
```

### (Option) Configure Multiple MySQL Instances

```json
{
  "mcpServers": {
    "MySQL-A": {
      "command": "uvx",
      "args": ["--python", "3.11", "mcp-mysql-ops"],
      "env": {
        "MYSQL_HOST": "a.foo.com",
        "MYSQL_PORT": "3306",
        "MYSQL_USER": "root",
        "MYSQL_PASSWORD": "password",
        "MYSQL_DATABASE": "information_schema"
      }
    },
    "MySQL-B": {
      "command": "uvx",
      "args": ["--python", "3.11", "mcp-mysql-ops"],
      "env": {
        "MYSQL_HOST": "b.bar.com",
        "MYSQL_PORT": "3306",
        "MYSQL_USER": "root",
        "MYSQL_PASSWORD": "password",
        "MYSQL_DATABASE": "information_schema"
      }
    }
  }
}
```

#### /w Local Source

```bash
# Method 1: Using installed console script (after pip install -e .)
mcp-mysql-ops --type stdio
mcp-mysql-ops --type streamable-http --host 127.0.0.1 --port 8000 --log-level DEBUG

# Method 2: Using module execution
PYTHONPATH=/path/to/MCP-MySQL-Ops/src
python -m mcp_mysql_ops --type stdio
python -m mcp_mysql_ops --type streamable-http --host 127.0.0.1 --port 8000 --log-level DEBUG
```

---

## Environment Variables

| Variable | Description | Default | Project Default |
|----------|-------------|---------|-----------------|
| `PYTHONPATH` | Python module search path for MCP server imports | - | `/app/src` |
| `MCP_LOG_LEVEL` | Server logging verbosity (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR) | `INFO` | `INFO` |
| `FASTMCP_TYPE` | MCP transport protocol (stdio for CLI, streamable-http for web) | `stdio` | `streamable-http` |
| `FASTMCP_HOST` | HTTP server bind address (0.0.0.0 for all interfaces) | `127.0.0.1` | `0.0.0.0` |
| `FASTMCP_PORT` | HTTP server port for MCP communication | `8000` | `8000` |
| `MYSQL_VERSION` | MySQL major version for Docker image selection | `8.0` | `8.0` |
| `MYSQL_HOST` | MySQL server hostname or IP address | `127.0.0.1` | `host.docker.internal` |
| `MYSQL_PORT` | MySQL server port number | `3306` | `13306` |
| `MYSQL_USER` | MySQL connection username (auto-granted permissions on test DBs) | `root` | `testuser` |
| `MYSQL_PASSWORD` | MySQL user password (supports special characters) | `changeme!@34` | `testpass` |
| `MYSQL_DATABASE` | Default database name for connections | `information_schema` | `testdb` |
| `MYSQL_ROOT_HOST` | MySQL root host access pattern for Docker container | `%` | `%` |
| `MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD` | MySQL root password for Docker container initialization | `changeme!@34` | `changeme!@34` |
| `DOCKER_EXTERNAL_PORT_OPENWEBUI` | Host port mapping for Open WebUI container | `8080` | `3004` |
| `DOCKER_EXTERNAL_PORT_MCP_SERVER` | Host port mapping for MCP server container | `8000` | `18004` |
| `DOCKER_EXTERNAL_PORT_MCPO_PROXY` | Host port mapping for MCPO proxy container | `8000` | `8004` |

**Note**: `MYSQL_DATABASE` serves as the default target database for operations when no specific database is specified. In Docker environments, if set to a custom database name, this database will be automatically created during initial MySQL startup.

**User Permission Management**: When using a non-root `MYSQL_USER`, the initialization process automatically:
- Creates the specified user if it doesn't exist
- Grants full permissions on the 4 test databases (`test_ecommerce`, `test_analytics`, `test_inventory`, `test_hr`)
- Maintains security by restricting access to only the necessary databases
- Enables monitoring capabilities through automatic information_schema/performance_schema access

---

## Prerequisites

### Minimum Requirements
- MySQL 5.7+ or MySQL 8.0+ (tested with MySQL 8.0.37)
- Python 3.11+
- Network access to MySQL server
- Read permissions on system databases (`information_schema`, `performance_schema`)

### Recommended MySQL Configuration

**⚠️ Performance Monitoring Settings**:
Some MCP tools provide enhanced functionality with specific MySQL configuration parameters. These settings are **optional** but recommended for comprehensive monitoring:

**Tools enhanced by these settings**:
- **get_server_status**: More detailed statistics with Performance Schema enabled
- **get_index_usage_stats**: Enhanced with Performance Schema table statistics
- **get_connection_info**: Improved connection tracking with Performance Schema

**Verification**:
After applying any configuration changes, verify the settings:
```sql
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'performance_schema';
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'information_schema_stats_expiry';

+----------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                    | Value |
+----------------------------------+-------+
| performance_schema               | ON    |
| information_schema_stats_expiry  | 86400 |
+----------------------------------+-------+
```

#### Method 1: my.cnf Configuration (Recommended for Self-Managed MySQL)
Add the following to your `my.cnf` or `my.ini`:

```ini
[mysqld]
# Performance Schema (usually enabled by default in MySQL 8.0+)
performance_schema = ON

# Enhanced statistics collection
information_schema_stats_expiry = 0  # Real-time statistics (use 86400 for cached)

# Optional: Enhanced query logging (use carefully in production)
# slow_query_log = ON
# slow_query_log_file = /var/log/mysql/slow.log
# long_query_time = 2
```

Then restart MySQL server.

#### Method 2: MySQL Startup Parameters
For Docker or command-line MySQL startup:

```bash
# Docker example
docker run -d \
  -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=mypassword \
  mysql:8.0 \
  --performance-schema=ON \
  --information-schema-stats-expiry=0

# Direct mysqld command
mysqld \
  --performance-schema=ON \
  --information-schema-stats-expiry=0
```

#### Method 3: Dynamic Configuration (MySQL 8.0+, AWS RDS, Azure, GCP)
For managed MySQL services where you cannot modify `my.cnf`, use SQL commands to change dynamic settings:

```sql
-- Enable real-time statistics (requires SUPER privilege or SYSTEM_VARIABLES_ADMIN)
SET GLOBAL information_schema_stats_expiry = 0;

-- Verify Performance Schema status (usually enabled by default)
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'performance_schema';

-- Optional: Enable slow query log for enhanced monitoring
SET GLOBAL slow_query_log = 'ON';
SET GLOBAL long_query_time = 2;
```

**Note for session-level testing**:
```sql
-- Set for current session only (temporary)
SET SESSION information_schema_stats_expiry = 0;
```

---

## RDS/Aurora MySQL Compatibility

- This server is read-only and works with regular roles on AWS RDS MySQL and Aurora MySQL. All core functionality is available through standard Information Schema and Performance Schema access.
- Performance Schema is enabled by default on RDS/Aurora MySQL 8.0+ instances.
- For enhanced monitoring capabilities, consider Parameter Group configuration:
  ```sql
  -- Check Performance Schema status
  SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'performance_schema';

  -- Verify Information Schema settings
  SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'information_schema_stats_expiry';

  -- Recommended user permissions for monitoring
  GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO <monitoring_user>@'%';
  GRANT PROCESS ON *.* TO <monitoring_user>@'%';
  ```

---

## Example Queries

### 🟢 Core MySQL Monitoring Tools (Always Available)

- **get_server_info**
  - "Show MySQL server version and configuration status."
  - "Check server system variables and runtime configuration."
  - "Display MySQL server capabilities and version information."
  - 📋 **Features**: Server version, system variables, configuration status, feature availability
  - 🔧 **MySQL 5.7+/8.0+**: Fully compatible, no additional setup required

- **get_database_list**
  - "List all databases and their sizes."
  - "Show database list with character sets and collation information."
  - "Display database storage usage and table counts."
  - 📋 **Features**: Database sizes, character sets, collations, table counts, storage usage
  - 🔧 **MySQL 5.7+/8.0+**: Uses Information Schema for comprehensive database information

- **get_table_list**
  - "List all tables in the test_ecommerce database."
  - "Show table information with storage engines and row counts."
  - "Display table creation dates and update timestamps."
  - 📋 **Features**: Table names, storage engines, row counts, sizes, creation/update times
  - ⚠️ **Required**: `database_name` parameter must be specified
  - 💡 **Usage**: Supports filtering by table name patterns

- **get_table_schema_info**
  - "Show detailed schema information for the customers table in test_ecommerce database."
  - "Get column details and constraints for products table in test_ecommerce database."
  - "Analyze table structure with indexes and foreign keys for orders table in test_ecommerce database."
  - "Show schema overview for all tables in test_inventory database."
  - 📋 **Features**: Column types, constraints, indexes, foreign keys, table metadata
  - ⚠️ **Required**: `database_name` parameter must be specified
  - 💡 **Usage**: Leave `table_name` empty for database-wide schema analysis

- **get_database_overview**
  - "Show comprehensive database overview for test_ecommerce database."
  - "Get detailed summary of test_analytics database structure and statistics."
  - "Analyze database overview with table counts and sizes for test_inventory database."
  - "Show database structure summary for test_hr database."
  - 📋 **Features**: Database overview, table statistics, storage summary, schema analysis
  - ⚠️ **Required**: `database_name` parameter must be specified

- **get_user_list**
  - "List all MySQL users and their privileges."
  - "Show user accounts with host information and account status."
  - "Display user privilege summary and authentication details."
  - 📋 **Features**: User accounts, host patterns, privileges, account status, authentication info
  - 🔧 **MySQL 5.7+/8.0+**: Enhanced user management information in MySQL 8.0+

- **get_active_connections**
  - "Show all active connections and their details."
  - "List current database connections with user and host information."
  - "Monitor active sessions and their current operations."
  - "Display connection statistics and process information."
  - 📋 **Features**: Active connections, process list, connection details, session information
  - 🔧 **MySQL 5.7+/8.0+**: Enhanced process information with Performance Schema integration

- **get_server_status**
  - "Show MySQL server status variables and performance counters."
  - "Display current server performance metrics and statistics."
  - "Monitor server operational status and key performance indicators."
  - "Analyze server health metrics and resource utilization."
  - 📋 **Features**: Status variables, performance counters, connection statistics, resource metrics
  - 🔧 **MySQL 5.7+/8.0+**: Comprehensive server status monitoring

- **get_table_size_info**
  - "Show table and index size analysis for test_ecommerce database."
  - "Find largest tables by data and index size."
  - "Analyze storage efficiency and table size distribution."
  - "Display table size details with data/index ratios."
  - 📋 **Features**: Table sizes, index sizes, data/index ratios, storage efficiency analysis
  - ⚠️ **Required**: `database_name` parameter for accurate size analysis

- **get_database_size_info**
  - "Show database capacity analysis and storage usage."
  - "Find the largest databases by total size."
  - "Display comprehensive database size statistics."
  - "Analyze storage distribution across databases."
  - 📋 **Features**: Database sizes, table counts, storage distribution, capacity analysis
  - 🔧 **MySQL 5.7+/8.0+**: Accurate size calculation using Information Schema

- **get_index_usage_stats**
  - "Analyze index usage and efficiency statistics."
  - "Show index cardinality and selectivity information."
  - "Find potentially unused or redundant indexes."
  - "Display index performance and usage patterns."
  - 📋 **Features**: Index statistics, cardinality, selectivity, usage analysis, optimization recommendations
  - ⚠️ **Required**: `database_name` parameter for targeted index analysis
  - 💡 **Enhanced with**: Performance Schema enabled for more detailed statistics

### 🚀 Version-Enhanced Tools

- **get_server_info** (Enhanced!)
  - "Show server version and MySQL 8.0 advanced features."
  - "Check server compatibility and available enhancements."
  - "Display MySQL version-specific capabilities and recommendations."
  - 📈 **MySQL 8.0+**: Enhanced JSON support, improved Performance Schema, CTE support, window functions
  - 📊 **MySQL 5.7**: Core functionality with basic JSON and Performance Schema support

### 💡 Natural Language Query Examples

Test tools with realistic prompts - never use function names directly:
- ✅ "Show me the current server status and key performance metrics"
- ❌ "Run get_server_status"

**📊 Monitoring Examples:**
- "What databases exist and how much space do they use?"
- "Show me all tables in the ecommerce database with their sizes"
- "Which tables have the most rows and largest indexes?"
- "Display current database connections and their activity"
- "Analyze the schema structure of the test_ecommerce database"
- "Show me MySQL server configuration and performance status"
- "List all users and their database privileges"
- "Find tables that might need index optimization"

**💡 Pro Tip**: All tools support multi-database operations using the `database_name` parameter. This allows MySQL root users to analyze and monitor multiple databases from a single MCP server instance.

---

## Troubleshooting

### Connection Issues
1. Check MySQL server status
2. Verify connection parameters in `.env` file
3. Ensure network connectivity
4. Check user permissions and authentication

### Configuration Issues
1. **"Access denied" errors**: Check user privileges
   ```sql
   SHOW GRANTS FOR 'username'@'host';
   ```
   
   **Quick fix for monitoring user setup**:
   ```sql
   -- Create monitoring user with necessary permissions
   CREATE USER 'monitoring'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'secure_password';
   GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'monitoring'@'%';
   GRANT PROCESS ON *.* TO 'monitoring'@'%';
   ```

2. **"Table doesn't exist" for Performance Schema**: Check Performance Schema status
   ```sql
   SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'performance_schema';  -- Should be 'ON'
   ```
   
   **Note**: Performance Schema is enabled by default in MySQL 8.0+ but may be disabled in some configurations.

3. **Missing database information**: Verify Information Schema access
   ```sql
   SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'information_schema_stats_expiry';
   SELECT COUNT(*) FROM information_schema.tables;
   ```
   
   **Quick fix for real-time statistics**:
   ```sql
   SET GLOBAL information_schema_stats_expiry = 0;
   ```

4. **Apply configuration changes**:
   - **Self-managed**: Add settings to `my.cnf` and restart server
   - **Managed services**: Use `SET GLOBAL` for dynamic variables or Parameter Groups
   - **Temporary testing**: Use `SET SESSION` for current session only

### Performance Issues
1. Use `limit` parameters to reduce result size
2. Run monitoring during off-peak hours
3. Check database load before running analysis
4. Consider setting `information_schema_stats_expiry` for cached statistics

### Version Compatibility Issues

> For more details, see the [## Tool Compatibility Matrix](#tool-compatibility-matrix)

1. **Run compatibility check first**:
   ```bash
   # "Use get_server_info to check version and available features"
   ```

2. **Understanding feature availability**:
   - **MySQL 8.0+**: All features available with enhanced Performance Schema
   - **MySQL 5.7**: Core functionality with basic Performance Schema support
   - **Earlier versions**: Limited support, consider upgrading

3. **If features seem limited**:
   - Check MySQL version: `SELECT VERSION();`
   - Verify Performance Schema: `SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'performance_schema';`
   - Consider upgrading MySQL for enhanced monitoring capabilities

### Docker-Specific Issues
1. **Port conflicts**: Default MySQL port 3306 might be in use
   - Project uses port 13306 by default to avoid conflicts
   - Check port availability: `netstat -an | grep 13306`

2. **Container startup issues**: Check Docker logs
   ```bash
   docker-compose logs mysql
   docker-compose logs mcp-server
   ```

3. **Data persistence**: Ensure volume mounts are working
   ```bash
   docker volume ls
   docker volume inspect mcp-mysql-ops_mysql_data
   ```

---

## 🚀 Adding Custom Tools

This MCP server is designed for easy extensibility. Follow these 5 simple steps to add your own custom tools:

### Step-by-Step Guide

#### 1. **Add Helper Functions (Optional)**

Add reusable data functions to `src/<package_name>/functions.py`:

```python
async def get_your_custom_data(target_resource: str = None) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
    """Your custom data retrieval function."""
    # Example implementation - adapt to your service
    data_source = await get_dat