twitter-api-client-v2 0.1.1
Implementation of X/Twitter v1, v2, and GraphQL APIs.
Requires Python: >=3.12
Keywords: api, async, automation, bot, client, scrape, search, twitter

## Implementation of X/Twitter v1, v2, and GraphQL APIs

[![PyPI Version](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/twitter-api-client-v2?color=4f46e5)](https://pypi.org/project/twitter-api-client-v2)
[![Python Version](https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/twitter-api-client-v2?color=3b82f6)](https://pypi.org/project/twitter-api-client-v2)
<img src="https://static.pepy.tech/badge/twitter-api-client-v2"/>
<img src="https://static.pepy.tech/badge/twitter-api-client-v2/month"/>
[![GitHub License](https://img.shields.io/github/license/aturret/twitter-api-client?color=0891b2)](https://github.com/aturret/twitter-api-client/blob/main/LICENSE)

## Table of Contents

* [Installation](#installation)
* [Automation](#automation)
* [Scraping](#scraping)
    * [Get all user/tweet data](#get-all-usertweet-data)
    * [Resume Pagination](#resume-pagination)
    * [Search](#search)
* [Spaces](#spaces)
    * [Live Audio Capture](#live-audio-capture)
    * [Live Transcript Capture](#live-transcript-capture)
    * [Search and Metadata](#search-and-metadata)
* [Automated Solvers](#automated-solvers)
* [Example API Responses](#example-api-responses)

### Installation

```bash
pip install twitter-api-client-v2 -U
```

### Automation

![](assets/account.gif)

*As of Fall 2023 login by username/password is unstable. Using cookies is now recommended.*

```python
from twitter.account import Account

## sign-in with credentials
email, username, password = ..., ..., ...
account = Account(email, username, password)

## or, resume session using cookies
# account = Account(cookies={"ct0": ..., "auth_token": ...})

## or, resume session using cookies (JSON file)
# account = Account(cookies='twitter.cookies')

account.tweet('test 123')
account.untweet(123456)
account.retweet(123456)
account.unretweet(123456)
account.reply('foo', tweet_id=123456)
account.quote('bar', tweet_id=123456)
account.schedule_tweet('schedule foo', 1681851240)
account.unschedule_tweet(123456)

account.tweet('hello world', media=[
  {'media': 'test.jpg', 'alt': 'some alt text', 'tagged_users': [123]},
  {'media': 'test.jpeg', 'alt': 'some alt text', 'tagged_users': [123]},
  {'media': 'test.png', 'alt': 'some alt text', 'tagged_users': [123]},
  {'media': 'test.jfif', 'alt': 'some alt text', 'tagged_users': [123]},
])

account.schedule_tweet('foo bar', '2023-04-18 15:42', media=[
  {'media': 'test.gif', 'alt': 'some alt text'},
])

account.schedule_reply('hello world', '2023-04-19 15:42', tweet_id=123456, media=[
  {'media': 'test.gif', 'alt': 'some alt text'},
])

account.dm('my message', [1234], media='test.jpg')

account.create_poll('test poll 123', ['hello', 'world', 'foo', 'bar'], 10080)

# tweets
account.like(123456)
account.unlike(123456)
account.bookmark(123456)
account.unbookmark(123456)
account.pin(123456)
account.unpin(123456)

# users
account.follow(1234)
account.unfollow(1234)
account.mute(1234)
account.unmute(1234)
account.enable_follower_notifications(1234)
account.disable_follower_notifications(1234)
account.block(1234)
account.unblock(1234)

# user profile
account.update_profile_image('test.jpg')
account.update_profile_banner('test.png')
account.update_profile_info(name='Foo Bar', description='test 123', location='Victoria, BC')

# topics
account.follow_topic(111)
account.unfollow_topic(111)

# lists
account.create_list('My List', 'description of my list', private=False)
account.update_list(222, 'My Updated List', 'some updated description', private=False)
account.update_list_banner(222, 'test.png')
account.delete_list_banner(222)
account.add_list_member(222, 1234)
account.remove_list_member(222, 1234)
account.delete_list(222)
account.pin_list(222)
account.unpin_list(222)

# refresh all pinned lists in this order
account.update_pinned_lists([222, 111, 333])

# unpin all lists
account.update_pinned_lists([])

# get timelines
timeline = account.home_timeline()
latest_timeline = account.home_latest_timeline(limit=500)

# get bookmarks
bookmarks = account.bookmarks()

# get DM inbox metadata    
inbox = account.dm_inbox()

# get DMs from all conversations    
dms = account.dm_history()

# get DMs from specific conversations
dms = account.dm_history(['123456-789012', '345678-901234'])

# search DMs by keyword
dms = account.dm_search('test123')

# delete entire conversation
account.dm_delete(conversation_id='123456-789012')

# delete (hide) specific DM
account.dm_delete(message_id='123456')

# get all scheduled tweets
scheduled_tweets = account.scheduled_tweets()

# delete a scheduled tweet
account.delete_scheduled_tweet(12345678)

# get all draft tweets
draft_tweets = account.draft_tweets()

# delete a draft tweet
account.delete_draft_tweet(12345678)

# delete all scheduled tweets
account.clear_scheduled_tweets()

# delete all draft tweets
account.clear_draft_tweets()

# example configuration
account.update_settings({
  "address_book_live_sync_enabled": False,
  "allow_ads_personalization": False,
  "allow_authenticated_periscope_requests": True,
  "allow_dm_groups_from": "following",
  "allow_dms_from": "following",
  "allow_location_history_personalization": False,
  "allow_logged_out_device_personalization": False,
  "allow_media_tagging": "none",
  "allow_sharing_data_for_third_party_personalization": False,
  "alt_text_compose_enabled": None,
  "always_use_https": True,
  "autoplay_disabled": False,
  "country_code": "us",
  "discoverable_by_email": False,
  "discoverable_by_mobile_phone": False,
  "display_sensitive_media": False,
  "dm_quality_filter": "enabled",
  "dm_receipt_setting": "all_disabled",
  "geo_enabled": False,
  "include_alt_text_compose": True,
  "include_mention_filter": True,
  "include_nsfw_admin_flag": True,
  "include_nsfw_user_flag": True,
  "include_ranked_timeline": True,
  "language": "en",
  "mention_filter": "unfiltered",
  "nsfw_admin": False,
  "nsfw_user": False,
  "personalized_trends": True,
  "protected": False,
  "ranked_timeline_eligible": None,
  "ranked_timeline_setting": None,
  "require_password_login": False,
  "requires_login_verification": False,
  "sleep_time": {
    "enabled": False,
    "end_time": None,
    "start_time": None
  },
  "translator_type": "none",
  "universal_quality_filtering_enabled": "enabled",
  "use_cookie_personalization": False,
})

# example configuration
account.update_search_settings({
  "optInFiltering": True,  # filter nsfw content
  "optInBlocking": True,  # filter blocked accounts
})

notifications = account.notifications()

account.change_password('old pwd','new pwd')

```

### Scraping

#### Get all user/tweet data

Two special batch queries `scraper.tweets_by_ids` and `scraper.users_by_ids` should be preferred when applicable. These endpoints are more much more efficient and have higher rate limits than their unbatched counterparts. See the table below for a comparison.

| Endpoint      | Batch Size     | Rate Limit    |
|---------------|----------------|---------------|
| tweets_by_ids | ~220           | 500 / 15 mins |
| tweets_by_id  | 1              | 50 / 15 mins  |
| users_by_ids  | ~220           | 100 / 15 mins |
| users_by_id   | 1              | 500 / 15 mins |


![](assets/scrape.gif)

*As of Fall 2023 login by username/password is unstable. Using cookies is now recommended.*

```python
from twitter.scraper import Scraper

## sign-in with credentials
email, username, password = ..., ..., ...
scraper = Scraper(email, username, password)

## or, resume session using cookies
# scraper = Scraper(cookies={"ct0": ..., "auth_token": ...})

## or, resume session using cookies (JSON file)
# scraper = Scraper(cookies='twitter.cookies')

## or, initialize guest session (limited endpoints)
# from twitter.util import init_session
# scraper = Scraper(session=init_session())

# user data
users = scraper.users(['foo', 'bar', 'hello', 'world'])
users = scraper.users_by_ids([123, 234, 345]) # preferred
users = scraper.users_by_id([123, 234, 345])
tweets = scraper.tweets([123, 234, 345])
likes = scraper.likes([123, 234, 345])
tweets_and_replies = scraper.tweets_and_replies([123, 234, 345])
media = scraper.media([123, 234, 345])
following = scraper.following([123, 234, 345])
followers = scraper.followers([123, 234, 345])
scraper.tweet_stats([111111, 222222, 333333])

# get recommended users based on user
scraper.recommended_users()
scraper.recommended_users([123])

# tweet data
tweets = scraper.tweets_by_ids([987, 876, 754]) # preferred
tweets = scraper.tweets_by_id([987, 876, 754])
tweet_details = scraper.tweets_details([987, 876, 754])
retweeters = scraper.retweeters([987, 876, 754])
favoriters = scraper.favoriters([987, 876, 754])

scraper.download_media([
    111111,
    222222,
    333333,
    444444,
])

# trends
scraper.trends()
```

#### Resume Pagination

**Pagination is already done by default**, however there are circumstances where you may need to resume pagination from
a specific cursor. For example, the `Followers` endpoint only allows for 50 requests every 15 minutes. In this case, we
can resume from where we left off by providing a specific cursor value.

```python
from twitter.scraper import Scraper

email, username, password = ..., ..., ...
scraper = Scraper(email, username, password)

user_id = 44196397
cursor = '1767341853908517597|1663601806447476672'  # example cursor
limit = 100  # arbitrary limit for demonstration
follower_subset, last_cursor = scraper.followers([user_id], limit=limit, cursor=cursor)

# use last_cursor to resume pagination
```

#### Search

![](assets/search.gif)

```python   
from twitter.search import Search

email, username, password = ..., ..., ...
# default output directory is `data/search_results` if save=True
search = Search(email, username, password, save=True, debug=1)

res = search.run(
    limit=37,
    retries=5,
    queries=[
        {
            'category': 'Top',
            'query': 'paperswithcode -tensorflow -tf'
        },
        {
            'category': 'Latest',
            'query': 'test'
        },
        {
            'category': 'People',
            'query': 'brasil portugal -argentina'
        },
        {
            'category': 'Photos',
            'query': 'greece'
        },
        {
            'category': 'Videos',
            'query': 'italy'
        },
    ],
)
```

**Search Operators Reference**

https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/twitter-api/v1/rules-and-filtering/search-operators

https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/twitter-api/tweets/search/integrate/build-a-query

### Spaces

#### Live Audio Capture

Capture live audio for up to 500 streams per IP

![](assets/spaces-audio.gif)

```python
from twitter.scraper import Scraper
from twitter.util import init_session

session = init_session()  # initialize guest session, no login required
scraper = Scraper(session=session)

rooms = [...]
scraper.spaces_live(rooms=rooms)  # capture live audio from list of rooms
```

#### Live Transcript Capture

**Raw transcript chunks**

![](assets/spaces-transcript-02.gif)

```python
from twitter.scraper import Scraper
from twitter.util import init_session

session = init_session()  # initialize guest session, no login required
scraper = Scraper(session=session)

# room must be live, i.e. in "Running" state
scraper.space_live_transcript('1zqKVPlQNApJB',
                              frequency=2)  # word-level live transcript. (dirty, on-the-fly transcription before post-processing)
```

**Processed (final) transcript chunks**

![](assets/spaces-transcript-01.gif)

```python
from twitter.scraper import Scraper
from twitter.util import init_session

session = init_session()  # initialize guest session, no login required
scraper = Scraper(session=session)

# room must be live, i.e. in "Running" state
scraper.space_live_transcript('1zqKVPlQNApJB', frequency=1)  # finalized live transcript.  (clean)
```

#### Search and Metadata

```python
from twitter.scraper import Scraper
from twitter.util import init_session
from twitter.constants import SpaceCategory

session = init_session()  # initialize guest session, no login required
scraper = Scraper(session=session)

# download audio and chat-log from space
spaces = scraper.spaces(rooms=['1eaJbrAPnBVJX', '1eaJbrAlZjjJX'], audio=True, chat=True)

# pull metadata only
spaces = scraper.spaces(rooms=['1eaJbrAPnBVJX', '1eaJbrAlZjjJX'])

# search for spaces in "Upcoming", "Top" and "Live" categories
spaces = scraper.spaces(search=[
    {
        'filter': SpaceCategory.Upcoming,
        'query': 'hello'
    },
    {
        'filter': SpaceCategory.Top,
        'query': 'world'
    },
    {
        'filter': SpaceCategory.Live,
        'query': 'foo bar'
    }
])
```

### Automated Solvers

> This requires installation of the [proton-api-client](https://pypi.org/project/proton-api-client) package

To set up automated email confirmation/verification solvers, add your Proton Mail credentials below as shown.
This removes the need to manually solve email challenges via the web app. These credentials can be used
in `Scraper`, `Account`, and `Search` constructors.

E.g.

```python
from twitter.account import Account
from twitter.util import get_code
from proton.client import ProtonMail

proton_username, proton_password = ..., ...
proton = lambda: get_code(ProtonMail(proton_username, proton_password))

email, username, password = ..., ..., ...
account = Account(email, username, password, proton=proton)
```

### Example API Responses

<details>
<summary> UserTweetsAndReplies  </summary>

```json
{
  "entryId": "homeConversation-1648726807301218305-1648801924760711169-1648811419998228480",
  "sortIndex": "1648811419998228480",
  "content": {
    "entryType": "TimelineTimelineModule",
    "__typename": "TimelineTimelineModule",
    "items": [
      {
        "entryId": "homeConversation-1648811419998228480-0-tweet-1648726807301218305",
        "dispensable": true,
        "item": {
          "itemContent": {
            "itemType": "TimelineTweet",
            "__typename": "TimelineTweet",
            "tweet_results": {
              "result": {
                "__typename": "Tweet",
                "rest_id": "1648726807301218305",
                "has_birdwatch_notes": false,
                "core": {
                  "user_results": {
                    "result": {
                      "__typename": "User",
                      "id": "VXNlcjozMzgzNjYyOQ==",
                      "rest_id": "33836629",
                      "affiliates_highlighted_label": {},
                      "has_graduated_access": true,
                      "is_blue_verified": true,
                      "profile_image_shape": "Circle",
                      "legacy": {
                        "can_dm": false,
                        "can_media_tag": true,
                        "created_at": "Tue Apr 21 06:49:15 +0000 2009",
                        "default_profile": false,
                        "default_profile_image": false,
                        "description": "Building a kind of JARVIS @ OреոΑӏ. Previously Director of AI @ Tesla, CS231n, PhD @ Stanford. I like to train large deep neural nets 🧠🤖💥",
                        "entities": {
                          "description": {
                            "urls": []
                          },
                          "url": {
                            "urls": [
                              {
                                "display_url": "karpathy.ai",
                                "expanded_url": "https://karpathy.ai",
                                "url": "https://t.co/0EcFthjJXM",
                                "indices": [
                                  0,
                                  23
                                ]
                              }
                            ]
                          }
                        },
                        "fast_followers_count": 0,
                        "favourites_count": 7312,
                        "followers_count": 701921,
                        "friends_count": 809,
                        "has_custom_timelines": true,
                        "is_translator": false,
                        "listed_count": 9207,
                        "location": "Stanford",
                        "media_count": 633,
                        "name": "Andrej Karpathy",
                        "normal_followers_count": 701921,
                        "pinned_tweet_ids_str": [
                          "1599152286672248832"
                        ],
                        "possibly_sensitive": false,
                        "profile_banner_url": "https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_banners/33836629/1407117611",
                        "profile_image_url_https": "https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1296667294148382721/9Pr6XrPB_normal.jpg",
                        "profile_interstitial_type": "",
                        "screen_name": "karpathy",
                        "statuses_count": 8067,
                        "translator_type": "none",
                        "url": "https://t.co/0EcFthjJXM",
                        "verified": true,
                        "want_retweets": false,
                        "withheld_in_countries": []
                      },
                      "smart_blocked_by": false,
                      "smart_blocking": false
                    }
                  }
                },
                "unmention_data": {},
                "edit_control": {
                  "edit_tweet_ids": [
                    "1648726807301218305"
                  ],
                  "editable_until_msecs": "1681923877000",
                  "is_edit_eligible": true,
                  "edits_remaining": "5"
                },
                "edit_perspective": {
                  "favorited": false,
                  "retweeted": false
                },
                "is_translatable": false,
                "views": {
                  "count": "409371",
                  "state": "EnabledWithCount"
                },
                "source": "<a href=\"https://mobile.twitter.com\" rel=\"nofollow\">Twitter Web App</a>",
                "quoted_status_result": {
                  "result": {
                    "__typename": "Tweet",
                    "rest_id": "1647434714947395585",
                    "has_birdwatch_notes": false,
                    "core": {
                      "user_results": {
                        "result": {
                          "__typename": "User",
                          "id": "VXNlcjozMTA4MzUx",
                          "rest_id": "3108351",
                          "affiliates_highlighted_label": {},
                          "has_graduated_access": true,
                          "is_blue_verified": false,
                          "profile_image_shape": "Square",
                          "legacy": {
                            "can_dm": false,
                            "can_media_tag": true,
                            "created_at": "Sun Apr 01 06:22:13 +0000 2007",
                            "default_profile": false,
                            "default_profile_image": false,
                            "description": "Sign up for our newsletters and alerts: https://t.co/QevH0DLisA | Got a tip? https://t.co/iXIigdOLPr | For WSJ customer support: https://t.co/DZgH9n4vAI",
                            "entities": {
                              "description": {
                                "urls": [
                                  {
                                    "display_url": "wsj.com/newsletters",
                                    "expanded_url": "http://wsj.com/newsletters",
                                    "url": "https://t.co/QevH0DLisA",
                                    "indices": [
                                      40,
                                      63
                                    ]
                                  },
                                  {
                                    "display_url": "wsj.com/tips",
                                    "expanded_url": "http://wsj.com/tips",
                                    "url": "https://t.co/iXIigdOLPr",
                                    "indices": [
                                      77,
                                      100
                                    ]
                                  },
                                  {
                                    "display_url": "customercenter.wsj.com",
                                    "expanded_url": "http://customercenter.wsj.com",
                                    "url": "https://t.co/DZgH9n4vAI",
                                    "indices": [
                                      129,
                                      152
                                    ]
                                  }
                                ]
                              },
                              "url": {
                                "urls": [
                                  {
                                    "display_url": "wsj.com",
                                    "expanded_url": "http://wsj.com",
                                    "url": "https://t.co/9rMrYLEXTt",
                                    "indices": [
                                      0,
                                      23
                                    ]
                                  }
                                ]
                              }
                            },
                            "fast_followers_count": 0,
                            "favourites_count": 1137,
                            "followers_count": 20521959,
                            "friends_count": 1087,
                            "has_custom_timelines": true,
                            "is_translator": false,
                            "listed_count": 128849,
                            "location": "New York, NY",
                            "media_count": 45523,
                            "name": "The Wall Street Journal",
                            "normal_followers_count": 20521959,
                            "pinned_tweet_ids_str": [
                              "1648690341581651971"
                            ],
                            "possibly_sensitive": false,
                            "profile_banner_url": "https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_banners/3108351/1680557947",
                            "profile_image_url_https": "https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/971415515754266624/zCX0q9d5_normal.jpg",
                            "profile_interstitial_type": "",
                            "screen_name": "WSJ",
                            "statuses_count": 404295,
                            "translator_type": "regular",
                            "url": "https://t.co/9rMrYLEXTt",
                            "verified": true,
                            "verified_type": "Business",
                            "want_retweets": false,
                            "withheld_in_countries": []
                          },
                          "smart_blocked_by": false,
                          "smart_blocking": false
                        }
                      }
                    },
                    "card": {
                      "rest_id": "https://t.co/eDupI8Jpey",
                      "legacy": {
                        "binding_values": [
                          {
                            "key": "photo_image_full_size_large",
                            "value": {
                              "image_value": {
                                "height": 419,
                                "width": 800,
                                "url": "https://pbs.twimg.com/card_img/1644698702035185664/Q7MqVdeE?format=jpg&name=800x419"
                              },
                              "type": "IMAGE"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "key": "thumbnail_image",
                            "value": {
                              "image_value": {
                                "height": 150,
                                "width": 267,
                                "url": "https://pbs.twimg.com/card_img/1644698702035185664/Q7MqVdeE?format=jpg&name=280x150"
                              },
                              "type": "IMAGE"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "key": "description",
                            "value": {
                              "string_value": "iPhone thieves across the country are locking people out of their Apple accounts and draining their bank accounts—sometimes before victims even know what happen",
                              "type": "STRING"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "key": "domain",
                            "value": {
                              "string_value": "www.wsj.com",
                              "type": "STRING"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "key": "thumbnail_image_large",
                            "value": {
                              "image_value": {
                                "height": 320,
                                "width": 569,
                                "url": "https://pbs.twimg.com/card_img/1644698702035185664/Q7MqVdeE?format=jpg&name=800x320_1"
                              },
                              "type": "IMAGE"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "key": "summary_photo_image_small",
                            "value": {
                              "image_value": {
                                "height": 202,
                                "width": 386,
                                "url": "https://pbs.twimg.com/card_img/1644698702035185664/Q7MqVdeE?format=jpg&name=386x202"
                              },
                              "type": "IMAGE"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "key": "thumbnail_image_original",
                            "value": {
                              "image_value": {
                                "height": 720,
                                "width": 1280,
                                "url": "https://pbs.twimg.com/card_img/1644698702035185664/Q7MqVdeE?format=jpg&name=orig"
                              },
                              "type": "IMAGE"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "key": "site",
                            "value": {
                              "scribe_key": "publisher_id",
                              "type": "USER",
                              "user_value": {
                                "id_str": "3108351",
                                "path": []
                              }
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "key": "photo_image_full_size_small",
                            "value": {
                              "image_value": {
                                "height": 202,
                                "width": 386,
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