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How to split code
=================

[RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter](https://api.python.langchain.com/en/latest/character/langchain_text_splitters.character.RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.html) includes pre-built lists of separators that are useful for splitting text in a specific programming language.

Supported languages are stored in the `langchain_text_splitters.Language` enum. They include:

    "cpp","go","java","kotlin","js","ts","php","proto","python","rst","ruby","rust","scala","swift","markdown","latex","html","sol","csharp","cobol","c","lua","perl","haskell"

To view the list of separators for a given language, pass a value from this enum into

    RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.get_separators_for_language`

To instantiate a splitter that is tailored for a specific language, pass a value from the enum into

    RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.from_language

Below we demonstrate examples for the various languages.

    %pip install -qU langchain-text-splitters

    from langchain_text_splitters import (    Language,    RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter,)

**API Reference:**[Language](https://api.python.langchain.com/en/latest/base/langchain_text_splitters.base.Language.html) | [RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter](https://api.python.langchain.com/en/latest/character/langchain_text_splitters.character.RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.html)

To view the full list of supported languages:

    [e.value for e in Language]

    ['cpp', 'go', 'java', 'kotlin', 'js', 'ts', 'php', 'proto', 'python', 'rst', 'ruby', 'rust', 'scala', 'swift', 'markdown', 'latex', 'html', 'sol', 'csharp', 'cobol', 'c', 'lua', 'perl', 'haskell']

You can also see the separators used for a given language:

    RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.get_separators_for_language(Language.PYTHON)

    ['\nclass ', '\ndef ', '\n\tdef ', '\n\n', '\n', ' ', '']

Python[​](#python "Direct link to Python")
------------------------------------------

Here's an example using the PythonTextSplitter:

    PYTHON_CODE = """def hello_world():    print("Hello, World!")# Call the functionhello_world()"""python_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.from_language(    language=Language.PYTHON, chunk_size=50, chunk_overlap=0)python_docs = python_splitter.create_documents([PYTHON_CODE])python_docs

    [Document(page_content='def hello_world():\n    print("Hello, World!")'), Document(page_content='# Call the function\nhello_world()')]

JS[​](#js "Direct link to JS")
------------------------------

Here's an example using the JS text splitter:

    JS_CODE = """function helloWorld() {  console.log("Hello, World!");}// Call the functionhelloWorld();"""js_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.from_language(    language=Language.JS, chunk_size=60, chunk_overlap=0)js_docs = js_splitter.create_documents([JS_CODE])js_docs

    [Document(page_content='function helloWorld() {\n  console.log("Hello, World!");\n}'), Document(page_content='// Call the function\nhelloWorld();')]

TS[​](#ts "Direct link to TS")
------------------------------

Here's an example using the TS text splitter:

    TS_CODE = """function helloWorld(): void {  console.log("Hello, World!");}// Call the functionhelloWorld();"""ts_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.from_language(    language=Language.TS, chunk_size=60, chunk_overlap=0)ts_docs = ts_splitter.create_documents([TS_CODE])ts_docs

    [Document(page_content='function helloWorld(): void {'), Document(page_content='console.log("Hello, World!");\n}'), Document(page_content='// Call the function\nhelloWorld();')]

Markdown[​](#markdown "Direct link to Markdown")
------------------------------------------------

Here's an example using the Markdown text splitter:

    markdown_text = """# 🦜️🔗 LangChain⚡ Building applications with LLMs through composability ⚡## Quick Install```bash# Hopefully this code block isn't splitpip install langchain

As an open-source project in a rapidly developing field, we are extremely open to contributions. """

    ```pythonmd_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.from_language(    language=Language.MARKDOWN, chunk_size=60, chunk_overlap=0)md_docs = md_splitter.create_documents([markdown_text])md_docs

    [Document(page_content='# 🦜️🔗 LangChain'), Document(page_content='⚡ Building applications with LLMs through composability ⚡'), Document(page_content='## Quick Install\n\n```bash'), Document(page_content="# Hopefully this code block isn't split"), Document(page_content='pip install langchain'), Document(page_content='```'), Document(page_content='As an open-source project in a rapidly developing field, we'), Document(page_content='are extremely open to contributions.')]

Latex[​](#latex "Direct link to Latex")
---------------------------------------

Here's an example on Latex text:

    latex_text = """\documentclass{article}\begin{document}\maketitle\section{Introduction}Large language models (LLMs) are a type of machine learning model that can be trained on vast amounts of text data to generate human-like language. In recent years, LLMs have made significant advances in a variety of natural language processing tasks, including language translation, text generation, and sentiment analysis.\subsection{History of LLMs}The earliest LLMs were developed in the 1980s and 1990s, but they were limited by the amount of data that could be processed and the computational power available at the time. In the past decade, however, advances in hardware and software have made it possible to train LLMs on massive datasets, leading to significant improvements in performance.\subsection{Applications of LLMs}LLMs have many applications in industry, including chatbots, content creation, and virtual assistants. They can also be used in academia for research in linguistics, psychology, and computational linguistics.\end{document}"""

    latex_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.from_language(    language=Language.MARKDOWN, chunk_size=60, chunk_overlap=0)latex_docs = latex_splitter.create_documents([latex_text])latex_docs

    [Document(page_content='\\documentclass{article}\n\n\x08egin{document}\n\n\\maketitle'), Document(page_content='\\section{Introduction}'), Document(page_content='Large language models (LLMs) are a type of machine learning'), Document(page_content='model that can be trained on vast amounts of text data to'), Document(page_content='generate human-like language. In recent years, LLMs have'), Document(page_content='made significant advances in a variety of natural language'), Document(page_content='processing tasks, including language translation, text'), Document(page_content='generation, and sentiment analysis.'), Document(page_content='\\subsection{History of LLMs}'), Document(page_content='The earliest LLMs were developed in the 1980s and 1990s,'), Document(page_content='but they were limited by the amount of data that could be'), Document(page_content='processed and the computational power available at the'), Document(page_content='time. In the past decade, however, advances in hardware and'), Document(page_content='software have made it possible to train LLMs on massive'), Document(page_content='datasets, leading to significant improvements in'), Document(page_content='performance.'), Document(page_content='\\subsection{Applications of LLMs}'), Document(page_content='LLMs have many applications in industry, including'), Document(page_content='chatbots, content creation, and virtual assistants. They'), Document(page_content='can also be used in academia for research in linguistics,'), Document(page_content='psychology, and computational linguistics.'), Document(page_content='\\end{document}')]

HTML[​](#html "Direct link to HTML")
------------------------------------

Here's an example using an HTML text splitter:

    html_text = """<!DOCTYPE html><html>    <head>        <title>🦜️🔗 LangChain</title>        <style>            body {                font-family: Arial, sans-serif;            }            h1 {                color: darkblue;            }        </style>    </head>    <body>        <div>            <h1>🦜️🔗 LangChain</h1>            <p>⚡ Building applications with LLMs through composability ⚡</p>        </div>        <div>            As an open-source project in a rapidly developing field, we are extremely open to contributions.        </div>    </body></html>"""

    html_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.from_language(    language=Language.HTML, chunk_size=60, chunk_overlap=0)html_docs = html_splitter.create_documents([html_text])html_docs

    [Document(page_content='<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>'), Document(page_content='<head>\n        <title>🦜️🔗 LangChain</title>'), Document(page_content='<style>\n            body {\n                font-family: Aria'), Document(page_content='l, sans-serif;\n            }\n            h1 {'), Document(page_content='color: darkblue;\n            }\n        </style>\n    </head'), Document(page_content='>'), Document(page_content='<body>'), Document(page_content='<div>\n            <h1>🦜️🔗 LangChain</h1>'), Document(page_content='<p>⚡ Building applications with LLMs through composability ⚡'), Document(page_content='</p>\n        </div>'), Document(page_content='<div>\n            As an open-source project in a rapidly dev'), Document(page_content='eloping field, we are extremely open to contributions.'), Document(page_content='</div>\n    </body>\n</html>')]

Solidity[​](#solidity "Direct link to Solidity")
------------------------------------------------

Here's an example using the Solidity text splitter:

    SOL_CODE = """pragma solidity ^0.8.20;contract HelloWorld {   function add(uint a, uint b) pure public returns(uint) {       return a + b;   }}"""sol_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.from_language(    language=Language.SOL, chunk_size=128, chunk_overlap=0)sol_docs = sol_splitter.create_documents([SOL_CODE])sol_docs

    [Document(page_content='pragma solidity ^0.8.20;'), Document(page_content='contract HelloWorld {\n   function add(uint a, uint b) pure public returns(uint) {\n       return a + b;\n   }\n}')]

C#[​](#c "Direct link to C#")
-----------------------------

Here's an example using the C# text splitter:

    C_CODE = """using System;class Program{    static void Main()    {        int age = 30; // Change the age value as needed        // Categorize the age without any console output        if (age < 18)        {            // Age is under 18        }        else if (age >= 18 && age < 65)        {            // Age is an adult        }        else        {            // Age is a senior citizen        }    }}"""c_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.from_language(    language=Language.CSHARP, chunk_size=128, chunk_overlap=0)c_docs = c_splitter.create_documents([C_CODE])c_docs

    [Document(page_content='using System;'), Document(page_content='class Program\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        int age = 30; // Change the age value as needed'), Document(page_content='// Categorize the age without any console output\n        if (age < 18)\n        {\n            // Age is under 18'), Document(page_content='}\n        else if (age >= 18 && age < 65)\n        {\n            // Age is an adult\n        }\n        else\n        {'), Document(page_content='// Age is a senior citizen\n        }\n    }\n}')]

Haskell[​](#haskell "Direct link to Haskell")
---------------------------------------------

Here's an example using the Haskell text splitter:

    HASKELL_CODE = """main :: IO ()main = do    putStrLn "Hello, World!"-- Some sample functionsadd :: Int -> Int -> Intadd x y = x + y"""haskell_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.from_language(    language=Language.HASKELL, chunk_size=50, chunk_overlap=0)haskell_docs = haskell_splitter.create_documents([HASKELL_CODE])haskell_docs

    [Document(page_content='main :: IO ()'), Document(page_content='main = do\n    putStrLn "Hello, World!"\n-- Some'), Document(page_content='sample functions\nadd :: Int -> Int -> Int\nadd x y'), Document(page_content='= x + y')]

PHP[​](#php "Direct link to PHP")
---------------------------------

Here's an example using the PHP text splitter:

    PHP_CODE = """<?phpnamespace foo;class Hello {    public function __construct() { }}function hello() {    echo "Hello World!";}interface Human {    public function breath();}trait Foo { }enum Color{    case Red;    case Blue;}"""php_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter.from_language(    language=Language.PHP, chunk_size=50, chunk_overlap=0)haskell_docs = php_splitter.create_documents([PHP_CODE])haskell_docs

    [Document(page_content='<?php\nnamespace foo;'), Document(page_content='class Hello {'), Document(page_content='public function __construct() { }\n}'), Document(page_content='function hello() {\n    echo "Hello World!";\n}'), Document(page_content='interface Human {\n    public function breath();\n}'), Document(page_content='trait Foo { }\nenum Color\n{\n    case Red;'), Document(page_content='case Blue;\n}')]

[Edit this page](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/edit/master/docs/docs/how_to/code_splitter.ipynb)

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*   [Python](#python)
*   [JS](#js)
*   [TS](#ts)
*   [Markdown](#markdown)
*   [Latex](#latex)
*   [HTML](#html)
*   [Solidity](#solidity)
*   [C#](#c)
*   [Haskell](#haskell)
*   [PHP](#php)