EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1902314
Filing Year: 2024
Filename: 1902314_10-K_2024_0001437749-24-009243.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Item 1.
Business.
General
Originally founded in 1965, M-tron Industries, Inc. (the "Company," "MtronPTI," "we," "us," or "our") is engaged in the designing, manufacturing and marketing of highly engineered, high reliability frequency and spectrum control products used to control the frequency or timing of signals in electronic circuits in various applications. MtronPTI’s primary markets are aerospace and defense, space, and avionics.
Our component-level devices and integrated modules are used extensively in electronic systems for applications in aerospace and defense, avionics, satellites, global positioning systems, down-hole drilling, medical systems, instrumentation, and industrial devices. As an engineering-centric company, MtronPTI provides close support to the customer throughout its products' entire life cycles, including product design, prototyping, production and subsequent product upgrades and maintenance. This collaborative approach has resulted in the development and growth of long-standing business relationships with its customers.
All of MtronPTI’s production facilities in the U.S. and India are ISO 9001:2015 certified. U.S. production facilities in Orlando, Florida and Yankton, South Dakota are International Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ITAR”) registered and AS9100 Rev D certified and our Yankton, South Dakota production facility is MIL-STD-790 certified. MtronPTI's production facility in India operates under a Manufacturing License Agreement (MLA) issued by the U.S. Department of State.
We maintain our executive offices at 2525 Shader Road, Orlando, Florida 32804. Our telephone number is (407) 298-2000. Our website is www.mtronpti.com. Our common stock is traded on the NYSE American (“NYSE”) under the symbol "MPTI".
MtronPTI’s Separation
On October 7, 2022, the separation of the MtronPTI business from The LGL Group, Inc. ("LGL" or "LGL Group") was completed (the "Separation") and the Company became an independent, publicly traded company trading on the NYSE American under the stock symbol "MPTI."
Business Strategy
Our objective is to deliver long-term growth to our stockholders and maximize stockholder value. MtronPTI employs a market-based approach of designing and offering new products to its customers through both organic research and development, and through strategic partnerships, joint ventures, acquisitions, or mergers. We seek to leverage our core strength as an engineering leader to expand client access, add new capabilities and continue to diversify our product offerings. We believe that successful execution of this strategy will lead to a transformation of our product portfolio towards multi-component integrated offerings, longer product life cycles, better margins and an improved competitive position.
Business Segment
The Company conducts its business through one business segment: Electronic Components, which includes all products manufactured and sold by MtronPTI.
Products
MtronPTI’s portfolio is divided into three product groupings, Frequency Control, Spectrum Control and Integrated Microwave Assemblies, and has expanded from primarily crystal-based components to include higher levels of integration, advanced materials science, cavity-based products, and various types of compensation methods employing integrated circuits and other methods to create products geared for applications that require high reliability in harsh environments. These products are differentiated by their precise level of accuracy, stability over time and within harsh environments, and very low phase noise.
MtronPTI's Frequency Control product group includes a broad portfolio of quartz crystal resonators, clock oscillators, VCXO, TCXO OCXO and TCVCXO devices which meet some of the tightest specifications, including IEEE 1588 standards. These devices may be based on quartz, quartz MEMS or advanced materials science designed to achieve higher performance levels than quartz. MtronPTI's products offer high reliability over a wide temperature range and are well-suited for harsh environments, including shock and vibration-resistant oscillators with low-g sensitivity. These products are designed for applications within aerospace and defense, avionics, and industrial markets.
MtronPTI's Spectrum Control product group includes a wide array of radio frequency (“RF”), microwave and millimeter wave filters and diplexers covering a frequency range from 1 MHz to 30 GHz, and solid-state power amplifiers covering a frequency range from 300 MHz to 26 GHz, with power output from 10 Watts to 10kW. Filter devices include crystal, ceramic, LC, planar, combline, cavity, interdigital and metal insert waveguide, as well as switched filter arrays and RF subsystems. Power amplifiers add active devices to MtronPTI's portfolio and include GaN, GaAS FET, LDMOS and chip and wire technologies in narrow or broadband, module or rack-mounted packages. These products are employed in applications within the commercial and military aerospace and defense, space, avionics, and industrial markets.
MtronPTI’s Integrated Microwave Assembly (IMA) product group brings over 55 years of expert crystal, filter and oscillator design experience to our Custom Multi-Functional Modules (MFM) and Integrated Microwave Assemblies (IMA). Spanning frequencies from 10MHz to 50GHz, components such as filters, low noise amplifiers, couplers, attenuators, switches, circulators, oscillators, multipliers, phase lock loops, mixers, digitally tuned oscillators, voltage-controlled oscillators, and phase shifters, all with associated control circuitry, are integrated into one exceptional SWaP-C (Size, Weight and Power at a competitive Cost) assembly. Design, assembly, test and integration along with component design and manufacturing is done at MtronPTI’s AS9100 D operations. These products are designed for both extreme aerospace and defense and avionics as well as industrial markets.
New product development continues to be a key focus for MtronPTI as we continue to push our roadmap to meet the needs of our served markets. Within the Frequency Control product group, design efforts are focused on smaller packages, lower power, lower phase noise and use of new materials to provide compensation and harsh environment performance that surpasses customer requirements. The Spectrum Control product group seeks to develop higher power handling and higher frequency along with higher levels of integration and a range of integrated products within the RF subsystem. The IMA product group designs and develops solutions using the same circuit, electromagnetic, mechanical, thermal, and stress analysis tools as our customers, which allows MtronPTI’s MFM and IMA design synthesis to be effortlessly integrated into the customer’s system synthesis at early stages in the development process. This design collaboration essentially makes MtronPTI’s design team an extension of the customer, so our customer’s resources can focus on their areas of expertise, resulting in a shortened design cycle and a faster time to market. The IMA product group also reviews all build-to-print opportunities, utilizing all our in-house assembly and test capabilities to competitively bid this service.
Major Markets
The following table provides a breakdown of revenues by end-market as a percent of consolidated revenues:
Aerospace and Defense
55.5 %
48.4 %
Avionics
24.9 %
22.6 %
Industrial
14.3 %
21.7 %
Space
5.3 %
7.3 %
100.0 %
100.0 %
Customers
We primarily work directly with original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) to define the appropriate solutions for their unique applications, including the design of custom parts with unique part numbers. Actual sales of production parts may be directly to the OEM or through either its designated contract manufacturers or franchised distributors of our products. As a result, we have highly skilled sales engineers who work directly with the designers and program managers at their OEMs providing a high-level of engineering support at all points within the process.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, our largest customer accounted for $12,921,000, or 31.4%, of the Company's total revenues, compared to $8,190,000, or 25.7%, of the Company’s total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company’s second largest customer for the year ended December 31, 2023 accounted for $7,822,000, or 19.0%, of the Company's total revenues, compared to $4,857,000, or 15.3%, of the Company’s total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2022. The loss of either of these customers, or a decrease in their demand for our products, could have a material adverse effect on our results.
As of December 31, 2023, four of our largest customers accounted for approximately $3,774,000, or 76.4%, of accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2022, four of our largest customers accounted for approximately $2,872,000, or 53.8%, of accounts receivable. The insolvency of any of these customers could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity. The Company carefully evaluates the creditworthiness of its customers in deciding to extend credit and utilizes letters of credit to further limit credit risk for export sales. As a result of these policies, the Company has experienced very low historical bad debt expense and believes the related risk to be minimal.
Competition
We design, manufacture and market products for the generation, synchronization and control of time and frequency as well as spectrum control products. There are numerous domestic and international manufacturers who are capable of providing custom-designed products comparable in quality and performance to our products. Our competitive strategy begins with our focus on niche markets where precise specification and reliability are the major requirements.
Research and Development
Utilizing our understanding of market requirements, we employ a disciplined approach to capital allocation when selecting new product development projects. A cross-functional team comprised of engineering, marketing, operations, sales and finance reviews the merits of specific projects seeking to invest in products that will exceed a specific return on investment level and a payback expectation within one to two years. In addition, the team considers the inherent value of intellectual property that each project presents with consideration for technical roadmap objectives.
Research and development expense was $2,216,000 and $2,006,000 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and will remain a significant part of the Company's efforts to continually revitalize its intellectual property position.
Marketing and Sales
We have a highly skilled team of sales engineers who work in tandem with a worldwide network of independent external manufacturer representatives and franchised electronics distributors to market and sell our products. An important part of the sales process is gaining qualification of specific products from the OEM, confirming suitability for use in a specific system design, which is commonly referred to as a "design-win." Through direct contact with our clients and through our representative network, we are able to understand the needs of the marketplace and then guide our product development process to allocate resources to meet those requirements.
Domestic Revenues
Our domestic revenues were $30,104,000 in 2023, or 73.1% of total consolidated revenues, compared to $22,439,000, or 70.5% of total consolidated revenues, in 2022.
International Revenues
Our international revenues were $11,064,000 in 2023, or 26.9% of total consolidated revenues, compared to $9,406,000, or 29.5% of total consolidated revenues, in 2022. In each of 2023 and 2022, these revenues were derived mainly from customers in Asia, with significant sales in Malaysia. We avoid significant currency exchange risk by transacting and settling substantially all of our international sales in United States dollars.
Seasonality
Our business is not seasonal, although shipment schedules may be affected by the production schedules of our customers, or their contract manufacturers based on regional practices or customs.
Order Backlog
Our order backlog was $47,831,000 and $46,180,000 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The backlog of unfilled orders includes amounts based on signed contracts and purchase orders. Although backlog represents only firm orders that are considered likely to be fulfilled primarily within the 12 to 24 months following receipt of the order, cancellations or scope adjustments may and do occur.
Order backlog is adjusted quarterly to reflect project cancellations, deferrals, revised project scope and cost. We expect to fill a substantial portion of our order backlog as of December 31, 2023 during 2024 and 2025, but cannot provide assurances as to what portion of the order backlog will be fulfilled in any given year.
Raw Materials
Generally, most raw materials used in the production of our products are available in adequate supply from a number of sources though the prices of these raw materials have recently increased as a result of inflation and supply chain issues. Some raw materials, including printed circuit boards, IC’s, quartz and certain metals including steel, aluminum, silver, gold, tantalum and palladium, are subject to greater supply fluctuations and price volatility, as experienced in recent years. In general, we have been able to include some cost increases in our pricing, but in some cases our margins were adversely impacted.
Changes in global economic and geopolitical conditions have disrupted supply chains and the ability to obtain components and raw materials around the world for most companies, including us. On occasion, one or more of the components used in our products have become unavailable resulting in unanticipated redesign and/or delays in shipments. Continued identification of alternative supply sources or other mitigations are important in minimizing disruption to our supply chain.
Intellectual Property
We have no patents, trademarks or licenses that are considered to be significant to our business or operations. Rather, we believe that our technological position depends primarily on the technical competence and creative ability of our engineering and technical staff in areas of product design and manufacturing processes, including our staff’s ability to customize products to meet difficult specifications, as well as proprietary know-how and information.
Government Regulations
As a supplier to certain U.S. Government defense contractors, we must comply with significant procurement regulations and other requirements. Maintaining registration under ITAR for all of our related production facilities is also required. One of those production facilities must comply with additional requirements for its production processes and for selected personnel in order to maintain the security of classified information. These requirements, although customary within these markets, increase our performance and compliance costs.
We are routinely audited and reviewed by the U.S. Government and its agencies such as the Defense Contract Audit Agency and Defense Contract Management Agency. These agencies review our performance under our contracts, our cost structure and our compliance with applicable laws, regulations and standards, as well as the adequacy of our internal control systems and policies. Any cost found to be improperly allocated to a specific contract will not be reimbursed. If an audit uncovers improper or illegal activities, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions.
From time to time, we may also be subject to U.S. Government investigations relating to our or our customers' operations and products and are expected to perform in compliance with a vast array of federal laws, including the Truth in Negotiations Act, the False Claims Act, the International Traffic in Arms Regulations promulgated under the Arms Export Control Act, and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. We or our customers may be subject to reductions of the value of contracts, contract modifications or termination, and the assessment of penalties and fines, which could negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition, or result in a diminution in revenue from our customers, if we or our customers are found to have violated the law or are indicted or convicted for violations of federal laws related to government security regulations, employment practices or protection of the environment, or are found not to have acted responsibly as defined by the law. Such convictions or actions could also result in suspension or debarment from serving as a supplier to government contractors for some period of time. Such convictions or actions could have a material adverse effect on us and our operating results. The costs of cooperating or complying with such audits or investigations may also adversely impact our financial results.
Our manufacturing operations, products, and/or product packaging are subject to environmental laws and regulations governing air emissions, wastewater discharges, and the handling, disposal and remediation of hazardous substances, wastes and other chemicals. In addition, more stringent environmental regulations may be enacted in the future, both within the United States and internationally, and we cannot presently determine the modifications, if any, in our operations that any future regulations might require, or the cost of compliance that would be associated with such regulations. To date, capital expenditures, earnings and competitive position of the Company have not been materially affected by compliance with current federal, state, and local laws and regulations (domestic and foreign) relating to the protection of the environment. However, we cannot predict the effect of future laws and regulations.
Employees
As of December 31, 2023, we employed 356 people, including 188 full-time and 20 part-time employees, along with 148 contractors. Of this total, the Company has 176 full-time, 20 part-time, and 6 contract employees within the U.S., with 169 located in Orlando, Florida, and 33 in Yankton, South Dakota. The Company has three full-time employees in Hong Kong, and nine full-time employees and 142 contractors in Noida, India. None of the Company's employees are represented by a labor union and the Company considers its relationships with employees to be good.
As an engineered products and solutions company, a significant number of our workforce consists of degreed engineers providing expertise in product design and process development.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Item 1A.
Risk Factors.
Investing in our securities involves risks. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the risks described below. Any of these risks could result in a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or prospects, and could cause the trading price of our securities to decline, resulting in a loss of all or part of your investment. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face, but represent those risks and uncertainties that we believe are material to our business, operating results, prospects and financial condition. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also harm our business.
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
Macroeconomic fluctuations may harm our business, results of operations and stock price.
Our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows may be adversely affected by changes in global economic conditions and geopolitical risks, including credit market conditions, trade policies, levels of consumer and business confidence, commodity prices and availability, inflationary pressure, exchange rates, levels of government spending and deficits, political conditions, and other challenges that could affect the global economy including impacts associated with the continuing developments in the war against Ukraine and sanctions which have been announced by the United States and other countries against Russia, which have caused significant uncertainty, adding to continuing concerns about supply chain disruptions, inflation and increases in interest rates in the markets in which we operate. Similar geopolitical tensions and political and/or armed conflicts, including tensions between the U.S. and China, China and Taiwan, and the conflict between Israel and Palestine could adversely impact our financial performance and global operations. Such conditions could have an adverse impact on our flexibility to react to changing economic and business conditions and on our ability to fund our operations. In addition, restrictions on credit availability could adversely affect the ability of our customers to make payments. Similarly, credit restrictions may adversely affect our supplier base and increase the potential for one or more of our suppliers to experience financial distress.
Inflation and rising interest rates may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
During 2023, inflation in the United States moderated but, as of the date of this Report, is expected to continue at an elevated level in the near-term. Elevated inflation may have an adverse impact on our Loan Agreement (as defined in Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of this Report below) and general and administrative expenses, as these costs could increase at a rate higher than our revenue. The U.S. Federal Reserve raised the federal funds rate a total of four times throughout 2023, with its most recent increase in July of 2023, resulting in a range from 5.25% to 5.50% as of December 31, 2023. Although there are expectations that the U.S. Federal Reserve will begin reducing the federal funds rate in 2024, these expectations may not materialize. Should the U.S. Federal Reserve continue to raise rates in the future to, among other things, control inflation, or if rates continue at an elevated level, to the extent our exposure to increases in interest rates is not eliminated through interest rate swaps or other protection agreements, such elevated rates may result in higher debt service costs, which would adversely affect our cash flows.
Our variable rate indebtedness subjects us to interest rate risk and could cause our debt service obligations to increase significantly.
Amounts outstanding under our Loan Agreement bear interest at the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus a margin of 2.25%, with a SOFR floor of 0.00%. Variable rate borrowings expose us to potential increased interest expense in a rising interest rate environment, if we utilize the line of credit. If interest rates were to increase, our debt service obligations on variable rate indebtedness would increase even though the amount borrowed remained the same, which could adversely affect our cash flows. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, we had no outstanding balances under the line of credit.
We are dependent on a single line of business.
We are engaged only in the design, manufacture and marketing of standard and custom-engineered electronic components that are used primarily for the control of frequency and spectrum of signals in electronic circuits. Virtually all of our 2023 and 2022 revenues came from sales of electronic components, which consist of packaged quartz crystals, oscillator modules, electronic filters and integrated modules.
Given our reliance on this single line of business, any decline in demand for this product line or failure to achieve continued market acceptance of existing and new versions of this product line may harm our business and our financial condition. Additionally, unfavorable market conditions affecting this line of business would likely have a disproportionate impact on us in comparison with certain competitors, who have more diversified operations and multiple lines of business. Should this line of business fail to generate sufficient sales to support ongoing operations, there can be no assurance that we will be able to develop alternate business lines.
Our operating results vary significantly from period to period.
We experience fluctuations in our operating results. Some of the principal factors that contribute to these fluctuations include changes in demand for our products; our effectiveness in managing manufacturing processes, costs and inventory; our effectiveness in engineering and qualifying new product designs with our OEM customers and in managing the risks associated with offering those new products into production; changes in the cost and availability of raw materials, which often occur in the electronics manufacturing industry and which affect our margins and our ability to meet delivery schedules; macroeconomic and served industry conditions; and events that may affect our production capabilities, such as labor conditions and political instability. In addition, due to the prevailing economic climate and competitive differences between the various market segments which we serve, the mix of sales between our aerospace and defense, space, avionics, industrial and instrumentation market segments may affect our operating results from period to period.
Our revenues and operating results are highly dependent on the development and growth of demand for our products in the aerospace and defense, space, avionics, instrumentation and industrial markets, which are cyclical. We cannot be certain whether we will generate sufficient revenues or sufficiently manage expenses to sustain profitability.
A relatively small number of customers account for a significant portion of our revenues and accounts receivable, and the loss of any of these customers, a decrease in their demand for our products, or their insolvency could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or liquidity..
For the year ended December 31, 2023, our largest customer accounted for 31.4% of the Company's total revenues. The Company’s second largest customer in 2023 accounted for 19.0% of the Company's total revenues. Additionally, as of December 31, 2023, four of our largest customers accounted for approximately 76.4% of our accounts receivable balance. The loss of any of these customers, a decrease in their demand for our products, or the insolvency of any of these customers could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or liquidity.
Our order backlog may not be indicative of future revenues.
Our order backlog is comprised of orders that are subject to specific production release, including orders under contracts, and purchase orders. Our customers may order products from multiple sources to ensure timely delivery when backlog is particularly long and may cancel or defer orders without significant penalty. They also may cancel orders when business is weak, and inventories are excessive. As a result, we cannot provide assurances as to the portion of backlog orders to be filled in any given year, and our order backlog as of any particular date may not be representative of actual revenues for any subsequent period.
Our future rate of growth and profitability are highly dependent on the development and growth of the aerospace and defense, space, avionics, instrumentation and industrial markets, which are cyclical.
In 2023 and 2022, the majority of our revenues were derived from sales to manufacturers of equipment for the aerospace and defense, space, avionics, instrumentation and industrial markets for frequency and spectrum control devices, including indirect sales through distributors and contract manufacturers. During 2024, we expect a significant portion of our revenues to continue to be derived from sales to these manufacturers. Often OEMs and other service providers within these markets have experienced periods of capacity shortage and periods of excess capacity, as well as periods of either high or low demand for their products. In periods of excess capacity or low demand, purchases of capital equipment may be curtailed, including equipment that incorporates our products. A reduction in demand for the manufacture and purchase of equipment for these markets, whether due to cyclical, macroeconomic or other factors, or due to our reduced ability to compete based on cost or technical factors, could substantially reduce our net sales and operating results and adversely affect our financial condition. Moreover, if these markets fail to grow as expected, we may be unable to maintain or grow our revenues. The multiple variables which affect the aerospace and defense, space, avionics, instrumentation and industrial markets for our products, as well as the number of parties involved in the supply chain and manufacturing process, can impact inventory levels and lead to supply chain inefficiencies. As a result of these complexities, we may have limited visibility to forecast revenue projections accurately for the near and medium-term timeframes.
The market share of our customers in the aerospace and defense, space, avionics, instrumentation and industrial markets may change over time, reducing the potential value of our relationships with our existing customer base.
We have developed long-term relationships with our existing customers, including pricing contracts, custom designs and approved vendor status. If these customers lose market share to other equipment manufacturers in the aerospace and defense, space, avionics, instrumentation and industrial markets with whom we do not have similar relationships, our ability to maintain revenue, margin or operating performance may be adversely affected.
We may make acquisitions that are not successful, or we may fail to integrate acquired businesses into our operations properly.
We intend to continue exploring opportunities to buy other businesses or technologies that could complement, enhance, or expand our current business or product lines, or that might otherwise offer us growth opportunities. We may have difficulty finding such opportunities or, if such opportunities are identified, we may not be able to complete such transactions for reasons including a failure to secure necessary financing.
Any transactions that we are able to identify and complete may involve a number of risks, including:
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The diversion of our management's attention from the management of our existing business to the integration of the operations and personnel of the acquired or combined business or joint venture;
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Material business risks not identified in due diligence;
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Possible adverse effects on our operating results during the integration process;
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Substantial acquisition-related expenses, which would reduce our net income, if any, in future years;
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The loss of key employees and customers as a result of changes in management; and
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Our possible inability to achieve the intended objectives of the transaction.
In addition, we may not be able to integrate, operate, maintain or manage, successfully or profitably, our newly acquired operations or employees. We may not be able to maintain uniform standards, controls, policies and procedures, and this may lead to operational inefficiencies.
Any of these difficulties could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
If we are unable to introduce innovative products, demand for our products may decrease.
Our future operating results are dependent on our ability to develop, introduce and market innovative products continually, to modify existing products, to respond to technological change and to customize some of our products to meet customer requirements. There are numerous risks inherent in this process, including the risks that we will be unable to anticipate the direction of technological change or that we will be unable to develop and market new products and applications in a timely or cost-effective manner to satisfy customer demand.
Our markets are highly competitive, and we may lose business to larger and better-financed competitors.
Our markets are highly competitive worldwide, with low transportation costs and few import barriers. We compete principally on the basis of product quality and reliability, availability, customer service, technological innovation, timely delivery and price. Within the industries in which we compete, competition has become increasingly concentrated and global in recent years.
Many of our major competitors, some of which are larger than us, and potential competitors have substantially greater financial resources and more extensive engineering, manufacturing, marketing and customer support capabilities. If we are unable to successfully compete against current and future competitors, our operating results will be adversely affected.
Our success depends on our ability to retain key management and technical personnel and attracting, retaining, and training new technical personnel.
Our future growth and success will depend in large part upon our ability to recruit highly skilled technical personnel, including engineers, and to retain our existing management and technical personnel. There is a labor shortage in the markets in which we operate which are highly competitive, and some of our operations are not located in highly populated areas. As a result, we may not be able to recruit and retain key personnel. Our failure to hire, retain or adequately train key personnel could have a negative impact on our performance.
We purchase certain key components and raw materials from single or limited sources and could lose sales if these sources fail to fulfill our needs for any reason.
If single-source components or key raw materials were to become unavailable on satisfactory terms, and we could not obtain comparable replacement components or raw materials from other sources in a timely manner, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed. On occasion, one or more of the components used in our products have become unavailable, resulting in unanticipated redesign and related delays in shipments. Changes in global economic and geopolitical conditions have disrupted supply chains and the ability to obtain components and raw materials around the world for all companies, including us. We cannot give assurance that we will be able to obtain the necessary components and raw materials necessary to conduct our business. In addition, our suppliers may be impacted by compliance with environmental regulations including Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment ("RoHS") and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment ("WEEE"), which could disrupt the supply of components or raw materials or cause additional costs for us to implement new components or raw materials into our manufacturing processes.
As a supplier to U.S. Government defense contractors, we are subject to a number of procurement regulations and other requirements and could be adversely affected by changes in regulations or any negative findings from a U.S. Government audit or investigation.
A number of our customers are U.S. Government contractors. As one of their suppliers, we must comply with significant procurement regulations and other requirements. Under applicable federal regulations for defense contractors, we will be required to comply with the Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (“CMMC”) program in the next several years and other similar cybersecurity requirements. We also maintain registration under ITAR for certain of our production facilities. One of those production facilities must comply with additional requirements and regulations for its production processes and for selected personnel in order to maintain the security of classified information. These requirements, although customary within these markets, increase our performance and compliance costs. If any of these various requirements change, our costs of complying with them could increase and reduce our operating margins. To the extent that we are unable to comply with the CMMC or other requirements, our business with the Department of Defense or its prime customers could be at risk.
We operate in a highly regulated environment and are routinely audited and reviewed by the U.S. Government and its agencies such as the Defense Contract Audit Agency and Defense Contract Management Agency. These agencies review our performance under our contracts, our cost structure and our compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and standards, as well as the adequacy of, and our compliance with, our internal control systems and policies. Systems that are subject to review include our purchasing systems, billing systems, property management and control systems, cost estimating systems, compensation systems and management information systems.
Any costs found to be improperly allocated to a specific contract will not be reimbursed or must be refunded if already reimbursed. If an audit uncovers improper or illegal activities, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, which may include termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines and suspension or prohibition from doing business as a supplier to contractors who sell products and services to the U.S. Government. In addition, our reputation could be adversely affected if allegations of impropriety were made against us.
From time to time, we may also be subject to U.S. Government investigations relating to our or our customers' operations and products and are expected to perform in compliance with a vast array of federal laws, including the Truth in Negotiations Act, the False Claims Act, the International Traffic in Arms Regulations promulgated under the Arms Export Control Act, and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. We or our customers may be subject to reductions of the value of contracts, contract modifications or termination, and the assessment of penalties and fines, which could negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition, or result in a diminution in revenue from our customers, if we or our customers are found to have violated the law or are indicted or convicted for violations of federal laws related to government security regulations, employment practices or protection of the environment, or are found not to have acted responsibly as defined by the law. Such convictions or actions could also result in suspension or debarment from serving as a supplier to government contractors for some period of time. Such convictions or actions could have a material adverse effect on us and our operating results. The costs of cooperating or complying with such audits or investigations may also adversely impact our financial results.
Our products are complex and may contain errors or design flaws, which could be costly to correct.
When we release new products, or new versions of existing products, they may contain undetected or unresolved errors or defects. The majority of our products are custom designed for requirements of specific OEM systems. The expected business life of these products ranges from less than one year to more than 10 years depending on the application. Some of the customizations are modest changes to existing product designs while others are major product redesigns or new product platforms.
Despite testing, errors or defects may be found in new products or upgrades after the commencement of commercial shipments. Undetected errors and design flaws have occurred in the past and could occur in the future. These errors could result in delays, loss of market acceptance and sales, diversion of development resources, damage to the Company's reputation, product liability claims and legal action by its customers and third parties, failure to attract new customers and increased service costs.
Future changes in our environmental liability and compliance obligations may increase costs and decrease profitability.
Our present and past manufacturing operations, products, and/or product packaging are subject to environmental laws and regulations governing air emissions, wastewater discharges, and the handling, disposal and remediation of hazardous substances, wastes and other chemicals. In addition, more stringent environmental regulations may be enacted in the future, and we cannot presently determine the modifications, if any, in our operations that any future regulations might require, or the cost of compliance that would be associated with such regulations.
Environmental laws and regulations may cause us to change our manufacturing processes, redesign some of our products, and change components to eliminate some substances in our products in order to be able to continue to offer them for sale.
We have significant international operations and sales to customers outside of the United States that subject us to certain business, economic and political risks.
We have office and manufacturing space in Noida, India, and a sales office in Hong Kong. Additionally, foreign revenues for 2023 (primarily to Malaysia) accounted for 26.9% of our 2023 consolidated revenues. We anticipate that sales to customers located outside of the United States will continue to be a significant part of our revenues for the foreseeable future. Our international operations and sales to customers outside of the United States subject our operating results and financial condition to certain business, economic, political, health, regulatory and other risks, including but not limited to:
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Political and economic instability in countries in which our products are manufactured and sold;
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Expropriation or the imposition of government controls;
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Responsibility to comply with anti-bribery laws such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions;
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Sanctions or restrictions on trade imposed by the United States Government;
-
Export license requirements;
-
Trade restrictions;
-
Currency controls or fluctuations in exchange rates;
-
High levels of inflation or deflation;
-
Difficulty in staffing and managing non-U.S. operations;
-
Greater difficulty in collecting accounts receivable and longer payment cycles;
-
Changes in labor conditions and difficulties in staffing and managing international operations; and
-
Limitations on insurance coverage against geopolitical risks, natural disasters and business operations.
Additionally, to date, very few of our international revenue and cost obligations have been denominated in foreign currencies. As a result, changes in the value of the United States dollar relative to foreign currencies may affect our competitiveness in foreign markets. We do not currently engage in foreign currency hedging activities, but may do so in the future to the extent that we incur a significant amount of foreign-currency denominated liabilities.
We rely on information technology systems to conduct our business, and disruption, failure or security breaches of these systems could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
We rely on information technology ("IT") systems in order to achieve our business objectives. We also rely upon industry accepted security measures and technology to securely maintain confidential information maintained on our IT systems. However, our portfolio of hardware and software products, solutions and services and our enterprise IT systems may be vulnerable to damage or disruption caused by circumstances beyond our control such as catastrophic events, power outages, natural disasters, computer system or network failures, computer viruses, cyber-attacks or other malicious software programs. The failure or disruption of our IT systems to perform as anticipated for any reason could disrupt our business and result in decreased performance, significant remediation costs, transaction errors, loss of data, processing inefficiencies, downtime, litigation and the loss of suppliers or customers. A significant disruption or failure could have a material adverse effect on our business operations, financial performance and financial condition.
Cybersecurity risks and cybersecurity incidents may adversely affect our business by causing a disruption to our operations, a compromise or corruption of our confidential information, and/or damage to our business relationships, all of which could negatively impact our financial results.
Our business could be negatively impacted by cybersecurity events and other disruptions. We face various cybersecurity threats, including threats to our IT infrastructure and attempts to gain unauthorized access to our proprietary or classified information, denial-of-service attacks, as well as threats to the physical security of our facilities and employees, and threats from terrorist acts. In addition, we face cybersecurity threats from entities and persons that may seek to target us through our customers, suppliers and other third parties with whom we do business. Many of these cybersecurity threats are increasingly sophisticated and constantly evolving. Accordingly, we maintain information security staff, policies and procedures for managing risk to our information systems, and we review and update our policies, procedures and practices in light of evolving threats. We conduct employee training on cybersecurity to mitigate persistent and continuously evolving cybersecurity threats. However, there can be no assurance that any such actions, including the timeliness of our efforts to review, update or implement policies, procedures and practices in light of evolving threats, or the safeguards put in place by our customers, suppliers and other parties on which we rely, will be sufficient to detect, prevent and mitigate cybersecurity breaches or disruptions, or the unauthorized release of sensitive information or corruption of data.
A cyber incident is considered to be any adverse event that threatens the confidentiality, integrity or availability of our information resources. These incidents may be an intentional attack or an unintentional event and could involve gaining unauthorized access to our information systems for purposes of misappropriating assets, stealing confidential information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption. The result of these incidents may include disrupted operations, misstated or unreliable financial data, liability for stolen assets or information, increased cybersecurity protection and insurance costs, litigation and damage to our investor relationships. As our reliance on technology increases, so will the risks posed to our information systems, both internal and those we outsource. There is no guarantee that any processes, procedures and internal controls we have implemented or will implement will prevent cyber intrusions, which could have a negative impact on our financial results, operations, business relationships or confidential information.
Additionally, remote work has become more common among our employees and employees of our third-party service providers and has increased risks to our IT systems and our confidential, proprietary, and sensitive data and that of our third-party service providers as more of those employees utilize network connections, computers, and devices outside of the employer’s premises or network, including working at home, while in transit, and in public locations. Those employees working remotely could expose us and other third-party service providers to additional cybersecurity risks and vulnerabilities as their systems could be negatively affected by vulnerabilities present in external systems and technologies outside of their control.
If we fail to correct any material weakness that we identify in our internal control over financial reporting or otherwise fail to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to report our financial results accurately and timely, in which case our business may be harmed, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and the price of our common stock may decline.
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting and for evaluating and reporting on our system of internal control. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). We are required to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), and other rules that govern public companies.
If we identify material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting in the future, if we cannot comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in a timely manner or attest that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our independent registered public accounting firm cannot express an opinion as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting when required, we may not be able to report our financial results accurately and timely. As a result, investors, counterparties and consumers may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports. Accordingly, access to capital markets and perceptions of our creditworthiness could be adversely affected, and the market price of our common stock could decline. In addition, we could become subject to investigations by the stock exchange on which our securities are listed, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) or other regulatory authorities, which could require additional financial and management resources. These events could have a material and adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition and prospects.
Risks Related to Our Securities
The price of our common stock has fluctuated considerably and is likely to remain volatile, in part due to the limited market for our common stock.
From October 7, 2022, the date our common stock began trading on the NYSE American, through December 31, 2023, the high and low closing prices for our common stock were $38.43 and $8.36, respectively. There is a limited public market for our common stock, and we cannot provide assurances that a more active trading market will develop or be sustained. As a result of limited trading volume in our common stock, the purchase or sale of a relatively small number of shares could result in significant price fluctuations and it may be difficult for holders to sell their shares without depressing the market price for our common stock.
Additionally, the market price of our common stock may continue to fluctuate significantly in response to a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control, including the following:
-
General economic conditions affecting the availability of long-term or short-term credit facilities, the purchasing and payment patterns of our customers, or the requirements imposed by our suppliers;
-
Economic conditions in our industry and in the industries of our customers and suppliers;
-
Changes in financial estimates or investment recommendations by securities analysts relating to our common stock;
-
Market reaction to our reported financial results;
-
Loss of a major customer;
-
Announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments; and
-
Changes in key personnel.
Our officers, directors and 10% or greater stockholders have significant voting power and may vote their shares in a manner that is not in the best interest of other stockholders.
Our officers, directors and 10% or greater stockholders control approximately 21.4% of the voting power represented by our outstanding shares of common stock as of March 18, 2024. If these stockholders act together, they may be able to exert significant control over our management and affairs requiring stockholder approval, including approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control and might adversely affect the market price of our common stock. This concentration of ownership may not be in the best interests of all of our stockholders.
Provisions in our corporate charter documents and under Delaware law could make an acquisition of the Company more difficult, which acquisition may be beneficial to our stockholders.
Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and by-laws, as well as provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware ("DGCL"), may discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or other change in control of the Company, even if such a change in control would be beneficial to our stockholders. These provisions include prohibiting our stockholders from fixing the number of directors and establishing advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals that can be acted on at stockholder meetings and nominations to our board of directors (the “Board”).
Additionally, Section 203 of the DGCL prohibits a person who owns in excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock from merging or combining with us for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person acquired in excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock, unless the merger or combination is approved in a prescribed manner. We have not opted out of the restrictions under Section 203, as permitted under DGCL.
Risks Related to the Separation
As a result of the Separation, certain of our directors and officers may have actual or potential conflicts of interest because of their positions or relationships with LGL Group.
As a result of the Separation, Marc J. Gabelli serves as special advisor to our chairman of the board and also serves as chairman of the board and co-chief executive officer of LGL Group and Michael J. Ferrantino serves as our chief executive officer and as one of our directors and also as a director of LGL Group. Such dual roles could create, or appear to create, potential conflicts of interest when LGL Group and our officers and directors face decisions that could have different implications for the two companies.
In addition, potential conflicts of interest could arise in connection with the resolution of any dispute that may arise between LGL Group and us regarding the terms of the agreements governing the Separation and the relationship thereafter between the companies.
We have limited history of operating as an independent company, and our historical combined and unaudited financial information for periods prior to the Separation is not necessarily representative of the results that we would have achieved as an independent, publicly traded company and may not be a reliable indicator of our future results.
Our historical combined and unaudited financial information for periods prior to the Separation included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K was derived from LGL Group’s consolidated financial statements and accounting records and are not necessarily indicative of our future results of operations, financial condition or cash flows, nor do they reflect what our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows would have been as an independent public company during the periods presented. In particular, the historical combined financial information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K is not necessarily indicative of our future results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
LGL Group continues to perform functions for us, and we continue to perform functions for LGL Group, on a transitional basis, and as a result we may experience operational disruptions and incur significant costs to perform these functions ourselves following the transition period or be subject to claims and liability.
Prior to the Separation, LGL Group performed many important corporate functions for us, including information technology, shared services, insurance, logistics, human resources, finance and internal audit. In connection with the Separation, we entered into certain arrangements with LGL Group pursuant to which we and LGL Group will continue to provide to each other, on an ongoing basis, certain functions and services that the companies have historically shared. LGL Group may not successfully execute its obligations to us under these arrangements, and any interruption in the functions or services that will be provided to us by LGL Group following the Separation could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
In addition, at the end of this transition period, we will need to perform these functions ourselves or hire third parties to perform these functions on our behalf. The costs associated with performing or outsourcing these functions may exceed the amounts reflected in our historical combined financial statements that were incurred as a subsidiary of LGL Group. A significant increase in the costs of performing or outsourcing these functions could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
The obligations associated with operating as an independent public company require significant resources and management attention.
Prior to the Separation, we were not directly subject to the reporting and other requirements of the Exchange Act. As a result of the Separation, we are directly subject to such reporting and other obligations under the Exchange Act and the rules of the NYSE. These reporting and other obligations place significant demands on our management and our administrative and operational resources, including accounting resources, and we have faced and expect to continue to face increased legal, accounting, administrative and other costs and expenses relating to these demands that we had not incurred as a subsidiary of LGL Group. Our investment in compliance with existing and evolving regulatory requirements will result in increased administrative expenses and a diversion of management’s time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
We are subject to significant restrictions on our actions in order to avoid triggering significant tax-related liabilities.
The Amended and Restated Tax Indemnity and Sharing Agreement (“Tax Agreement”) by and between the Company and LGL Group generally prohibits us from taking certain actions that could cause the Separation to fail to qualify as a tax-free transaction, including but not limited to, within two (2) years of the Separation date not entering into any agreement, understanding or arrangement involving the substantial acquisition of stock of the Company or a substantial shift in ownership (by vote or value) of the Company.
If the Separation does not qualify as tax-free for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of a breach by us of any covenant or representation made by us in the Tax Agreement, we could be subject to significant liability.
If the Separation fails to qualify for tax-free treatment due to a breach by us (or any of our subsidiaries) of any covenant or representation made by us in the Tax Agreement between us and LGL Group, we generally will be required to indemnify LGL Group for all tax-related losses suffered by it. In addition, we will not control the resolution of any tax contest relating to taxes suffered by LGL Group in connection with the Separation, and we may not control the resolution of tax contests relating to any other taxes for which we may ultimately have an indemnity obligation under the Tax Agreement. In the event that LGL Group suffers tax-related losses in connection with the Separation that must be indemnified by us under the Tax Agreement, the indemnification liability could have a material adverse effect on us.
If the Separation fails to qualify for tax-free treatment, for any reason, LGL Group and/or holders of LGL Group's common stock would be subject to substantial U.S. taxes as a result of the Separation, and we could incur significant liabilities under applicable law or as a result of the Tax Agreement.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Item 1B.
Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Item 2.
Properties.
The Company's principal executive offices are located in Orlando, Florida within an MtronPTI operating facility. MtronPTI's operations are located in Orlando, Florida; Yankton, South Dakota; and Noida, India. We also have a sales office in Hong Kong.
MtronPTI owns a facility in Orlando, Florida, containing approximately 71,000 square feet on approximately five acres of land and owns a facility in Yankton, South Dakota, containing approximately 32,000 square feet on approximately 11 acres of land. MtronPTI also leases approximately 13,000 square feet of office and manufacturing space in Noida, India and approximately 700 square feet of office space in Hong Kong. It is our opinion that the facilities referred to above are in good operating condition, suitable, and adequate for present uses.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Item 3.
Legal Proceedings.
The information required for this Part I, Item 3 is incorporated by reference to the discussion under Note I - Contingencies to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Report.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
Item 5.
Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Market for Common Equity
Our common stock is traded on the NYSE American, under the symbol “MPTI”.
Cash Dividend Policy
Our Board intends to adhere to a practice of not paying cash dividends. This policy takes into account our long-term growth objectives, including our anticipated investments for organic growth, potential technology acquisitions or other strategic ventures and stockholders' desire for capital appreciation of their holdings. In addition, the covenants under MtronPTI’s credit facility effectively place certain limitations on its ability to make certain payments, including but not limited to payments of dividends and other distributions, which effectively could limit the Company’s ability to pay cash dividends to stockholders. No cash dividends are expected to be paid for the foreseeable future.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Item 6.
Reserved.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
Item 7.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
You should read the following discussion and analysis together with our audited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. This discussion contains forward-looking statements, including statements regarding our expected financial position, business and financing plans. These statements involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from the results described in or implied by these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed below and elsewhere in this Report, particularly under the headings "Caution Concerning Forward-Looking Statements" and "Risk Factors”.
Overview
MtronPTI is engaged in the designing, manufacturing and marketing of highly-engineered, high reliability frequency and spectrum control products used to control the frequency or timing of signals in electronic circuits in various applications. MtronPTI’s primary markets are aerospace and defense, space, and avionics.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its majority-owned subsidiaries.
Results of Operations
Factors Which May Influence Results of Operations
We are not aware of any material trends or uncertainties, other than the global economic conditions affecting our industry generally, that may reasonably be expected to have a material impact, favorable or unfavorable, on our revenues or income other than those listed in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Inflation and Rising Interest Rates
During 2023, inflation in the United States moderated and, as of the date of this Report, is currently expected to fall slightly in the near-term. Inflation and the resulting higher interest rates may have an adverse impact on our Loan Agreement and general and administrative expenses, as these costs could increase at a rate higher than our revenue. The U.S. Federal Reserve raised the federal funds rate four times during 2023, with their last increase in July of 2023, resulting in a range from 5.25% to 5.50% as of December 31, 2023. It is expected that the Federal Reserve may ease the federal funds rate during 2024 to, among other things, control unemployment while balancing the risks of inflation. As a result, to the extent our exposure to increases in interest rates is not eliminated through interest rate swaps or other protection agreements, such increases may result in higher debt service costs, which will adversely affect our cash flows.
2023 Compared to 2022
Consolidated Revenues, Gross Margin and Backlog
Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $41,168,000, an increase of $9,323,000, or 29.3%, from $31,845,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase in revenue reflects strong aerospace and defense product shipments.
Consolidated gross margin, which is consolidated revenues less manufacturing cost of sales as a percentage of revenues, improved to 40.7% for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to 35.6% for the prior year. Gross margins improved in 2023 as compared to 2022 due to increased business volume and the effects of product mix changes, offset by inflationary headwinds due to labor and materials cost increases on long term contracts.
As of December 31, 2023, our order backlog was $47,831,000, an increase of 3.6% compared to $46,180,000 as of December 31, 2022. Strong 2023 bookings of $42,818,000 following very strong 2022 bookings of $48,586,000 from the effect of increased aerospace and defense orders, drove the improvement. This booking trend in excess of our product shipments reflects strong aerospace and defense orders, most of which are expected to ship during 2024 and into 2025.
The backlog of unfilled orders includes amounts based on signed contracts and purchase orders, which are likely to be fulfilled substantially within the next 12 to 24 months. Order backlog is adjusted quarterly to reflect project cancellations, deferrals, revised project scope and cost. We expect to fill a substantial portion of our order backlog as of December 31, 2023 during 2024 and 2025, but cannot provide assurances as to what portion of the order backlog will be fulfilled in any given year.
Engineering, Selling and Administrative Expenses
Engineering, selling and administrative expenses for 2023 included a one-time stock option grant to employees for which the Company recognized a stock-based compensation expense of $2,013,000. The Board approved a one-time grant of 183,300 shares to all 185 full-time employees below the officer level with the quantity of shares for each determined based upon their length of time with the Company. This grant was made to align the interests of our employees with those of our stockholders, and to recognize and reward our valued employees for their past and continuing dedication and service to MtronPTI. It is our employees whose present and future contributions will help ensure the continued success of the organization. See Note G - Stock-Based Compensation to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Report for additional details on stock option grants.
Details for engineering, selling and administrative expenses are as follows:
Quarter ended
Fiscal Year ended
December 31,
December 31,
(Amounts in thousands)
Change
Change
Engineering research and development
$
$
$
$ 2,216
$ 2,006
$
Sales costs
2,781
2,556
Administrative costs:
Employee compensation and benefits
1,023
3,444
2,865
Legal and SEC costs
1,052
General insurance and other
(29 )
Audit and tax fees
(27 )
One-time stock option grant
2,013
-
2,013
2,013
-
2,013
Total administrative costs
$ 3,448
$ 1,120
$ 2,328
$ 7,470
$ 3,909
$ 3,561
Total engineering, selling and administrative
$ 4,753
$ 2,265
$ 2,488
$ 12,467
$ 8,471
$ 3,996
Engineering, selling and administrative costs increased $3,996,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, as a result of $210,000 of increased engineering costs supporting MtronPTI's research and development activities, $225,000 of increased sales costs due to the increase in revenues, and $3,561,000 of increased administrative costs for 2023. Administrative costs included the impact from the one-time employee stock option grant of $2,013,000, increased legal and SEC costs of $841,000, increased salaries and employee benefits of $579,000 along with increased audit and tax costs of $71,000 and general insurance and other cost increases of $56,000. The legal and SEC cost increase of $841,000 represents the incremental direct costs of being a public company, without comparable amounts from the prior year when results were presented on a standalone basis. Employee compensation and benefit costs were higher due primarily to increased bonuses of $505,000, higher salaries and benefits of $322,000, offset by reduced stock-based compensation expenses of $248,000, excluding the one-time stock option grant noted above. Audit and tax costs increased primarily due to the costs of being a standalone public company.
Operating Income
The Company reported an operating income of $4,299,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to operating income of $2,875,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022. This increase reflects the higher revenues and effects from product mix changes, offset by increased engineering, selling and administrative expenses, which were 30.3% of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to 26.6% of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Total Other Income (Expense), Net
Total other income (expense), net was income of $100,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to expense of $280,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily reflecting excess Separation costs of $219,000 in 2022 which represented 50% of the excess Separation costs which MtronPTI agreed to share with LGL Group (See Note B - Related Party Transactions to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Report), along with the impact from currency changes.
Income Tax Provision
We must make certain estimates and judgments in determining income tax expense for financial statement purposes. These estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of tax credits, tax benefits and deductions and in the calculation of certain tax assets and liabilities, which arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes. Significant changes to these estimates may result in an increase or decrease to the tax provision in a subsequent period.
We recorded a tax provision of $911,000 and $797,000 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The income tax provision is based on an estimated annual effective tax rate across the jurisdictions in which we operate.
Net Income
Net income was $3,489,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to $1,798,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022. Basic and diluted net income per share for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $1.29 and $1.28, respectively, and for the year ended December 31, 2022 basic and diluted net income per share was $0.67.
Adjusted EBITDA (a Non-GAAP Measure)
Adjusted EBITDA (as defined below) was $2,425,000 for the quarter ended December 31, 2023 versus $1,114,000 for the quarter ended December 31, 2022, a portion of which was reported on a standalone basis. Adjusted EBITDA was $7,692,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023 versus $4,008,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022, a portion of which was reported on a standalone basis. Adjusted EBITDA excluded excess Separation costs of $28,000 for 2023 and $219,000 for 2022. Included within the non-cash stock compensation is $2,013,000 for the impact from the one-time employee stock option grant. Note that adjusted EBITDA for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2022 does not include any adjustments for the potential impact from the additional costs of being a publicly traded company. Management calculated the incremental direct costs of being a public company which do not have any comparable amounts in the prior year when results were presented partially on a standalone basis at $106,000 and $841,000 for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2023, respectively.
Reconciliations of GAAP to Non-GAAP Measures
To supplement our consolidated financial statements presented on a GAAP basis, the Company uses certain non-GAAP measures, including Adjusted EBITDA, which we define as net income before income taxes adjusted to exclude depreciation and amortization expense, interest income and expense, stock-based compensation expense, and other items we believe are discrete events which have a significant impact on comparable GAAP measures and could distort an evaluation of our normal operating performance. These adjustments to our GAAP results are made with the intent of providing both management and investors with a more complete understanding of the underlying operational results and trends and our marketplace performance. The presentation of this additional information is not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for net earnings or diluted earnings per share prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Reconciliation of GAAP Income Before Income Taxes to EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA:
Quarter ended
Fiscal Year ended
December 31,
December 31,
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Income before income taxes
$
$
$ 4,400
$ 2,595
Interest (income) expense, net
(13 )
(7 )
Depreciation and amortization
EBITDA
$
$
$ 5,243
$ 3,331
Non-cash stock compensation
2,124
2,421
Excess Separation costs
Adjusted EBITDA
$ 2,425
$ 1,114
$ 7,692
$ 4,008
Basic per share information:
Weighted average shares outstanding
2,703,897
2,676,512
2,696,445
2,676,480
Adjusted EBITDA per share
$ 0.90
$ 0.42
$ 2.85
$ 1.50
Diluted per share information:
Weighted average shares outstanding
2,774,023
2,693,035
2,733,502
2,676,524
Adjusted EBITDA per share
$ 0.87
$ 0.41
$ 2.81
$ 1.50
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, cash and cash equivalents were $3,913,000 and $926,000, respectively. The increase was due to our financial results following the Separation, as the cash balance at Separation exceeding $1,000,000 was retained by LGL Group.
Cash provided by operating activities was $4,405,000 and $2,042,000 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase was largely due to our improved financial results, and a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses in 2023 as compared to 2022, partially offset by increases in inventory. Inventory increased due to supply chain constraints and as a result of an increase in our order backlog, while payables and accruals decreased due to the efficient use of available cash.
Cash used in investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $1,281,000 and $936,000, respectively, and related entirely to capital expenditures, which were primarily used for new and upgraded production equipment to improve our costs and efficiency.
Cash used in financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $137,000 and $2,815,000, respectively, with the 2023 amount related to the forfeiture of shares to pay taxes while the 2022 amount resulted almost exclusively from payments to LGL Group and its subsidiaries.
As of December 31, 2023, our consolidated working capital was $13,803,000, compared to $9,458,000 as of December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2023, we had current assets of $18,187,000, current liabilities of $4,384,000 and a ratio of current assets to current liabilities of 4.15 to 1.00. As of December 31, 2022, we had current assets of $14,314,000, current liabilities of $4,856,000 and a ratio of current assets to current liabilities of 2.95 to 1.00. Management continues to focus on efficiently managing working capital requirements to match operating activity levels and will seek to deploy the Company’s working capital where it will generate the greatest returns.
We believe that existing cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities and cash generated from operations will provide sufficient liquidity to meet our ongoing working capital and capital expenditure requirements for the next 12 months from the date of this filing. The Company’s management continues to strive for profitability both internally and through acquisition.
On June 15, 2022, we entered into a loan agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) for a revolving line of credit with Fifth Third Bank, National Association, for up to $5.0 million bearing interest at SOFR plus a margin of 2.25%, with a SOFR floor of 0.00%. The Loan Agreement has a maturity date of June 15, 2025 and contains certain financial covenants based on the following criteria: (a) Minimum Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio; (b) Minimum Current Ratio; and (c) Minimum Tangible Net Worth (each as defined in the Loan Agreement). All loans pursuant to the Loan Agreement will be secured by a continuing and unconditional first priority security interest in and to any and all property of the Company. See Note E - Revolving Credit Agreement to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Report for details of the Loan Agreement.
Our Board has adhered to a practice of not paying cash dividends. This policy takes into account our long-term growth objectives, including our anticipated investments for organic growth, potential acquisitions or other strategic ventures and stockholders' desire for capital appreciation of their holdings. No cash dividends are expected to be paid for the foreseeable future.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note A - Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Report. Certain accounting policies require us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions, and the effects of revisions are reflected in the financial statements in the period in which they are determined to be necessary. The accounting policies described below are those that most frequently require us to make estimates and judgments and, therefore, are critical to understanding our results of operations.
Income Taxes
We account for income taxes in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 740 “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”), which requires an asset and liability approach for the financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements. These balances are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply in the year(s) in which these temporary differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred income taxes is recognized in income in the period when the change is enacted.
Based on consideration of all available evidence regarding their utilization, we record net deferred tax assets to the extent that it is more likely than not that they will be realized. Where, based on the weight of all available evidence, it is more likely than not that some amount of a deferred tax asset will not be realized, we establish a valuation allowance for the amount that, in our judgment, is sufficient to reduce the deferred tax asset to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized. In reaching such conclusions, we consider available positive and negative evidence including past operating results, projections of future taxable income, the feasibility of ongoing tax planning strategies and the realizability of tax loss carryforwards. Our projections of future taxable income include estimates and assumptions regarding our income and costs, as well as the timing and amount of reversals of taxable temporary differences.
We account for unrecognized tax benefits in accordance with ASC 740, which prescribes a minimum probability threshold that a tax position must meet before a financial statement benefit is recognized. The minimum threshold is defined as a tax position that is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the applicable taxing authority, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation, based solely on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefit recognized is the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
During the periods prior to the Separation that are presented in the accompanying Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements, the Company's income tax expense was included in LGL Group’s income tax returns. Income tax expense contained in the accompanying Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements for periods prior to the Separation is presented on a separate return basis, as if the Company had filed its own income tax returns. As a result, actual tax transactions included in LGL Group’s consolidated financial statements may or may not be included in the accompanying Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements of the Company. Similarly, the tax treatment of certain items reflected in the accompanying Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements of the Company may or may not be reflected in LGL Group’s consolidated financial statements and income tax returns. The taxes recorded in the accompanying Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations for periods prior to the Separation are not necessarily representative of the taxes that may arise in the future when the Company files its income tax returns independent from LGL Group's returns. Post-Separation, the Company filed a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return as well as separate and combined income tax returns in various state, local and international jurisdictions. Income tax expense contained in the accompanying Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements for the period after the Separation is based on the consolidated results of the Company on a standalone basis.
Inventories
We account for inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the FIFO (first-in, first-out) method.
Inventory reserves are determined based on estimated losses that result from inventory that becomes obsolete or for which the Company has excess inventory levels. In determining these estimates, the Company performs an analysis on current demand and usage for each inventory item over historical time periods. Based on that analysis, the Company reserves a percentage of the inventory amount within each time period based on historical demand and usage patterns of specific items in inventory. Actual experience could differ from the amounts estimated requiring adjustments to inventory valuation in future periods.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Not applicable as the Company is a smaller reporting company.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
M-TRON INDUSTRIES, INC.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (PCAOB ID: 127)
Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations: Years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
Consolidated Balance Sheets: December 31, 2023 and 2022
Consolidated and Combined Statements of Stockholders' Equity: Years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows: Years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
Notes to Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of M-tron Industries, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of M-tron Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated and combined statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the consolidated and combined financial statements (collectively, the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (the “PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ PKF O’Connor Davies, LLP.
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2022.
New York, NY
March 25, 2024
PCAOB ID No. 127
M-TRON INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)
Years Ended December 31,
REVENUES
$ 41,168
$ 31,845
Costs and expenses:
Manufacturing cost of sales
24,402
20,499
Engineering, selling and administrative
12,467
8,471
OPERATING INCOME
4,299
2,875
Other income (expense):
Interest income (expense), net
(11 )
Other income (expense), net
(269 )
Total other income (expense), net
(280 )
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES
4,400
2,595
Income tax provision
NET INCOME
$ 3,489
$ 1,798
Net Income per Basic Share
$ 1.29
$ 0.67
Net income per Dilutive Share
$ 1.28
$ 0.67
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements.
M-TRON INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in Thousands, Except per Share Amounts)
December 31,
December 31,
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 3,913 $ 926
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $141 and $142, respectively
4,802 5,197
Inventories, net
8,884 7,518
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
588 673
Total Current Assets
18,187 14,314
Property, Plant and Equipment
Land
536 536
Buildings and improvements
5,216 4,937
Machinery and equipment
20,046 19,044
Gross property, plant and equipment
25,798 24,517
Less: accumulated depreciation
(21,667 ) (20,870 )
Net property, plant and equipment
4,131 3,647
Right-of-use lease asset
97 147
Intangible assets, net
45 98
Deferred income tax asset
1,835 1,051
Other assets
10 16
Total Assets
$ 24,305 $ 19,273
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable
$ 1,300 $ 2,381
Accrued compensation and commissions expense
2,196 1,627
Other accrued expenses
611 614
Income taxes payable
277 234
Total Current Liabilities
4,384 4,856
Long-term lease liability
26 76
Total Liabilities
4,410 4,932
Contingencies (Note I)
Stockholders' Equity
Preferred stock - $0.01 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized, none issued
- -
Common stock - $0.01 par value; 25,000,000 shares authorized; 2,786,321 and 2,726,798 shares issued and outstanding, respectively.
27 27
Additional paid-in capital
16,167 14,102
Retained earnings
3,701 212
Total Equity
19,895 14,341
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
$ 24,305 $ 19,273
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements.
M-TRON INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Dollars in Thousands)
Common
Additional Paid-In
Net Investment by
Retained
Total
Stock
Capital
The LGL Group, Inc.
Earnings
Equity
Balance, December 31, 2021
$ -
$ -
$ 16,849
$ -
$ 16,849
Net income
-
-
1,586
1,798
Net transfers to The LGL Group, Inc.
-
-
(4,386 )
-
(4,386 )
Transfer by The LGL Group, Inc. to Capital and Paid-in Capital
14,022
(14,049 )
-
-
Share-based Compensation and Other
-
-
-
Balance, December 31, 2022
$
$ 14,102
$ -
$
$ 14,341
Net income
-
-
-
3,489
3,489
Adjustment to The LGL Group, Inc. transfer
-
(219 )
-
-
(219 )
Stock-based compensation expense
-
2,421
-
-
2,421
Forfeiture of shares to pay taxes
-
(137 )
-
-
(137 )
Balance, December 31, 2023
$
$ 16,167
$ -
$ 3,701
$ 19,895
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements.
M-TRON INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in Thousands)
Years Ended December 31,
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income
$ 3,489 $ 1,798
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation
797 671
Amortization of finite-lived intangible assets
53 54
Stock-based compensation expense
2,421 458
Deferred income tax provision
(784 ) 1,136
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable, net
395 (1,202 )
Increase in inventories, net
(1,366 ) (2,297 )
Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses and other assets
91 (422 )
(Decrease) increase in accounts payable, accrued compensation and commissions expense, and other
(691 ) 1,846
Net cash provided by operating activities
4,405 2,042
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures
(1,281 ) (936 )
Net cash used in investing activities
(1,281 ) (936 )
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Forfeiture of shares to pay taxes
(137 ) (10 )
Amounts drawn on line of credit
4,120 1,300
Repayments on line of credit
(4,120 ) (1,300 )
Net transfers from LGL Group, Inc.
- (309 )
Prepaid financing costs
- (20 )
Payments to related party
- (2,476 )
Net cash used in financing activities
(137 ) (2,815 )
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
2,987 (1,709 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
926 2,635
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
$ 3,913 $ 926
Cash paid for taxes
$ 1,629 $ 36
Cash paid for interest
$ 6 $ 9
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements.
M-TRON INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
A. Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business
M-tron Industries, Inc. (the “Company”, “we”, “our” or “us”) was founded in 1965 and is engaged in the designing, manufacturing and marketing of highly engineered, high reliability frequency and spectrum control products used to control the frequency or timing of signals in electronic circuits in various applications.
The Company’s operations include its two principal subsidiaries: Piezo Technology, Inc. ("PTI"), and M-tron Asia, LLC ("Mtron"). The Company has operations in Orlando, Florida; Yankton, South Dakota; and Noida, India, and has a sales office in Hong Kong. The Company and its subsidiaries currently operate together as a single group under the MtronPTI brand (“MtronPTI”).
The Company offers a wide range of precision frequency control and spectrum control solutions including radio frequency (“RF”), microwave and millimeter wave filters; cavity, crystal, ceramic, lumped element and switched filters; high performance and high frequency OCXOs, integrated PLL OCXOs, TCXOs, VCXOs, low jitter and harsh environment oscillators; crystal resonators, Integrated Microwave Assemblies (IMA), and state-of-the-art solid state power amplifier products.
MtronPTI’s Separation
On October 7, 2022, the separation of the MtronPTI business from The LGL Group, Inc. ("LGL" or "LGL Group") was completed (the "Separation") and the Company became an independent, publicly traded company trading on the NYSE American under the stock symbol "MPTI."
Basis of Presentation - Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
The Company’s financial statements for periods through the Separation are combined financial statements prepared on a “carve-out” basis as discussed below. The Company’s financial statements for the period from October 7, 2022 through December 31, 2023 are consolidated financial statements based on the reported results of the Company as a standalone company.
The Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). These Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements may not be indicative of the Company’s future performance and do not necessarily reflect what the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows would have been had the Company operated as an independent company during the periods presented.
Basis of Presentation - Prior to Separation
Through the Separation date, the Company's combined financial statements are prepared on a "carve-out" basis. The Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements have been derived from the consolidated financial statements and accounting records of LGL Group in conformity with GAAP.
The Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its majority-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. Transactions between the Company and LGL Group have been included in these Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements. The aggregate net effect of transactions between the Company and related parties that have been historically settled other than in cash are reflected in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows as Net Transfers from LGL Group, Inc. For additional information, see Note B - Related Party Transactions.
The debt and associated interest expense in these Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements relate to third-party borrowings under a revolving credit agreement specifically attributable to legal obligations of the Company.
Cash and Cash Equivalents in the Consolidated Balance Sheets represent Cash and Cash Equivalents held by the Company at the respective period-ends.
The Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations include an allocation for certain corporate and shared service functions historically provided by LGL Group, including, but not limited to, executive oversight, accounting, tax, and other shared services. These expenses have been allocated to us on the basis of direct usage when identifiable, with the remainder allocated on a pro rata basis of consolidated sales or other measures considered to be a reasonable reflection of the historical utilization levels of these services. Management believes the assumptions underlying our Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements, including the assumptions regarding the allocation of general corporate expenses from LGL Group, are reasonable. Nevertheless, our Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements may not include all of the actual expenses that would have been incurred and may not reflect our results of operations, financial position and cash flows had we operated as a standalone company during the periods presented. Actual costs that would have been incurred if we had operated as a standalone company would depend on multiple factors, including organizational structure and strategic decisions made in various areas, including information technology and infrastructure.
During the periods prior to the Separation that are presented in these Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements, the Company’s income tax expense has been included in the LGL Group’ income tax returns. Income tax expense contained in the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements for periods prior to the Separation is presented on a separate return basis, as if the Company had filed its own income tax returns. Post-Separation, the Company filed a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return as well as separate and combined income tax returns in various state, local and international jurisdictions. Income tax expense contained in the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements for the period after the Separation is based on the consolidated results of the Company on a standalone basis.
Uses of Estimates
The preparation of the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with no maturity or with a maturity of less than three months when purchased.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable consists principally of amounts due from both domestic and foreign customers. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of the customer's financial condition and collateral is not required. In relation to export sales, the Company requires letters of credit supporting a significant portion of the sales price prior to production to limit exposure to credit risk. Certain credit sales are made to industries that are subject to cyclical economic changes.
The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses for estimated uncollectible accounts receivable. Our reserves for estimated credit losses are based upon historical experience, specific customer collection issues, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the remaining cash flows over the contractual terms of our receivables and other financial assets. Accounts are written off against the allowance account when they are determined to no longer be collectible.
Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the FIFO (first-in, first-out) method.
The Company maintains a reserve for inventory based on estimated losses that result from inventory that becomes obsolete or for which the Company has excess inventory levels. In determining these estimates, the Company performs an analysis on current demand and usage for each inventory item over historical time periods. Based on that analysis, the Company reserves a percentage of the inventory amount within each time period based on historical demand and usage patterns of specific items in inventory.
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net
Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and include expenditures for major improvements. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred. Depreciation is computed for financial reporting purposes using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from 5 years to 35 years for buildings and improvements, and from 3 years to 10 years for other fixed assets. Property, plant and equipment are periodically reviewed for indicators of impairment. If any such indicators were noted, the Company would assess the appropriateness of the assets' carrying value and record any impairment at that time.
Depreciation expense was $797,000 for 2023 and $671,000 for 2022.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets are recorded at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is computed for financial reporting purposes using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range up to 10 years. The intangible assets consist of intellectual property and goodwill. The net carrying value of the amortizable intangible assets was $5,000 and $58,000 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The remaining balance amortizable intangible assets of $5,000 will be amortized during 2024. Goodwill, which is not amortizable, was $40,000 as of both December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Warranties
The Company offers a standard one-year warranty. The Company tests its products prior to shipment in order to ensure that they meet each customer's requirements based upon specifications received from each customer at the time its order is received and accepted. The Company's customers may request to return products for various reasons, including, but not limited to, the customers' belief that the products are not performing to specification. The Company's return policy states that it will accept product returns only with prior authorization and if the product does not meet customer specifications, in which case the product would be replaced or repaired. To accommodate the Company's customers, each request for return is reviewed; and if and when it is approved, a return materials authorization ("RMA") is issued to the customer.
Each month, the Company records a specific warranty reserve for approved RMAs covering products that have not yet been returned. The Company does not maintain a general warranty reserve because, historically, valid warranty returns resulting from a product not meeting specifications or being non-functional have been de minimis.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of its products in accordance with the criteria in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which are:
Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer.
Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract.
Step 3: Determine the transaction price.
Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract.
Step 5: Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.
The Company meets these conditions upon the Company’s satisfaction of the performance obligation, usually at the time of shipment to the customer, because control passes to the customer at that time. Our standard payment terms for customers are net due within 30 days, with a few exceptions, none regularly exceeding 60 days.
The Company provides disaggregated revenue details by geographic markets in Note J - Domestic and Foreign Revenues.
The Company offers a limited right of return and/or authorized price protection provisions in its agreements with certain electronic component distributors who resell the Company's products to original equipment manufacturers or electronic manufacturing services companies. As a result, the Company estimates and records a reserve for future returns and other charges against revenue at the time of shipment consistent with the terms of sale. The reserve is estimated based on historical experience with each respective distributor. These reserves and charges are immaterial as the Company does not have a history of significant price protection adjustments or returns. The Company provides a standard assurance warranty that does not create a performance obligation.
Practical Expedients:
-
The Company applies the practical expedient for shipping and handling as fulfillment costs.
-
The Company expenses sales commissions as sales and marketing expenses in the period they are incurred.
Shipping Costs
Amounts billed to customers related to shipping and handling are classified as revenue, and the Company's shipping and handling costs are included in manufacturing cost of sales.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs are charged to operations as incurred. Such costs were $2,216,000 for 2023 and $2,006,000 for 2022, and are included within engineering, selling and administrative expenses.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company measures the cost of employee services in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award and recognizes the cost over the requisite service period, typically the vesting period.
The Company estimates the fair value of stock options on the grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model requires subjective assumptions, including future stock price volatility and expected time to exercise, which greatly affect the calculated values. There is no expected dividend rate. The basis for the expected volatility assumption includes historical Company volatility and that of its former parent blended with peer group volatility as the Company's historical volatility was limited as a recently public company, did not fully cover the life of the option, and that blending its historical volatility with peer data provides a reasonable indication of expected volatility in the future. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon rates with a remaining term equal to the expected term of the option. The Company records any forfeitures in the period that the shares are forfeited.
Restricted stock awards are measured at the fair value of the Company's common stock on the date of the grant and recognized over the respective service period.
Earnings Per Share
The Company computes earnings per share in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per share is computed based on the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share include the weighted-average effect of dilutive options and restricted stock on the weighted-average shares outstanding.
As a result of the Separation, on October 7, 2022, the Company had 2.67 million shares of common stock outstanding. This share amount is being utilized for the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share for all periods presented prior to the Separation. After the Separation, actual outstanding shares are used to calculate both basic and diluted weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding.
Options representing 183.300 shares were excluded from the below calculation of weighted average shares outstanding because they would have been anti-dilutive.
Years Ended December 31,
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
2,696,445 2,676,480
Effect of dilutive securities
37,057 44
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted
2,733,502 2,676,524
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Under this method, taxes currently payable or refundable are accrued, and deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets are also recognized for realizable operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted income tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in income tax rates is recognized in the Company’s Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized.
The Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income ("GILTI") provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, enacted on December 22, 2017 (the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act”), require the Company to include in its U.S. income tax return foreign subsidiary earnings in excess of an allowable return on the foreign subsidiary's tangible assets. An accounting policy election is available to either account for the tax effects of GILTI in the period that is subject to such taxes or to provide deferred taxes for book and tax basis differences that upon reversal may be subject to such taxes. The Company has elected to account for the tax effects of these provisions in the period that is subject to such tax, and the impact was reflected in the Company’s 2023 and 2022 provisions.
In determining the Company’s provision for income taxes, the Company considers permanent differences between book and tax income and statutory income tax rates.
The Company follows a two-step approach to recognize and measure uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the available evidence indicates it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount which is more than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company considers many factors when evaluating and estimating its tax positions and tax benefits, which may require periodic adjustments and for which actual outcomes may differ from forecasted outcomes. The Company's policy is to include interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense.
Effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2021, taxpayers are required to capitalize any expenses incurred that are considered incidental to research and experimentation (R&E) activities under Section 174 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “IRC”). While taxpayers historically had the option of deducting these expenses under IRC Section 174, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act mandates capitalization and amortization of R&E expenses for tax years beginning after December 31, 2021. Expenses incurred in connection with R&E activities in the US must be amortized over a 5-year period if incurred, and R&E expenses incurred outside the US must be amortized over a 15-year period. R&E activities are broader in scope than qualified research activities that are considered under IRC Section 41 (relating to the research tax credit).
The Company includes its tax contingencies accrual, including accrued penalties and interest, in Other Long-term Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets unless the liability is expected to be paid within one year. Changes to the tax contingencies accrual, including accrued penalties and interest, are included in Income Tax Provision on the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations.
Concentration Risks
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company's largest customer accounted for $12,921,000, or 31.4%, of the Company's total revenues, compared to $8,190,000, or 25.7%, of the Company’s total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company’s second largest customer for the year ended December 31, 2023 accounted for $7,822,000, or 19.0%, of the Company's total revenues, compared to $4,857,000, or 15.3%, of the Company’s total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2022.
A significant portion of the Company's accounts receivable is concentrated with a relatively small number of customers. As of December 31, 2023, four of the Company's largest customers accounted for approximately $3,774,000, or 76.4%, of accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2022, four of the Company's largest customers accounted for approximately $2,872,000, or 53.8%, of accounts receivable. The Company carefully evaluates the creditworthiness of its customers in deciding to extend credit and utilizes letters of credit to further limit credit risk for export sales. As a result of these policies, the Company has experienced very low historical bad debt expense and believes the related risk to be minimal.
At various times throughout the year and at December 31, 2023 and 2022, some deposits held at financial institutions were in excess of federally insured limits. The Company has mitigated its risk through placing excess cash balances in a US Treasury money market fund and has not experienced any losses related to these balances.
Segment Information
The Company reports segment information in accordance with ASC 280, Segment Information ("ASC 280"). ASC 280 requires companies to report financial and descriptive information for each identified operating segment based on management's internal organizational decision-making structure. Management has identified the Company’s only segment as electronic components, and has determined that it does not operate its businesses on a geographic basis which might otherwise require segment reporting.
Impairments of Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets, including intangible assets subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. Long-lived assets are grouped with other assets to the lowest level to which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities. Management assesses the recoverability of the carrying cost of the assets based on a review of projected undiscounted cash flows. If an asset is held for sale, management reviews its estimated fair value less cost to sell. Fair value is determined using pertinent market information, including appraisals or broker's estimates, and/or projected discounted cash flows. In the event an impairment loss is identified, it is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the long-lived asset.
The Company performed an assessment to determine if there were any indicators of impairment as a result of the operating conditions at the end of each 2023 fiscal quarter, including at December 31, 2023. The Company concluded that, while there were events and circumstances in the macro-environment that did impact us, we did not experience any entity-specific indicators of asset impairment and no triggering events occurred.
Financial Instruments
Cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, trade accounts payable and accrued expenses are carried at cost which approximates fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments.
Foreign Currency Translation
The assets and liabilities of international operations are remeasured at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date for monetary assets and liabilities and at historical rates for nonmonetary assets and liabilities, with the related remeasurement gains or losses reported within the consolidated statement of operations. The results of international operations are remeasured at the monthly average exchange rates. The Company's foreign subsidiaries and respective operations' functional currency is the U.S. dollar. The Company has determined this based upon the majority of transactions with customers as well as intercompany transactions and parental support being based in U.S. dollars. The Company has recognized a remeasurement gain of $71,000 and loss of $82,000 in 2023 and 2022, respectively, which is included within other income (expense), net in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-07, “Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures,” effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. The ASU adds disclosure requirements for segment expense information. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The ASU requires disclosure of disaggregated income tax information, including the effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. There are other ASUs that have been issued by the FASB but are not yet effective. We expect to implement these new standards by their effective dates, and do not expect their adoption to have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” which changes the impairment model for most financial assets. The standard replaces the incurred loss model with the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model to estimate credit losses for financial assets. The Company adopted the provisions of this standard on January 1, 2023, with minimal effect on its financial statements.
B. Related Party Transactions
The Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements are prepared on a standalone basis through the date of Separation and have been derived from the consolidated financial statements and accounting records of LGL Group through the date of Separation. The following discussion summarizes activity between the Company and LGL Group prior to the Separation.
Allocation of General Corporate Expenses
For purposes of preparing these Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements on a “carve-out” basis, for periods prior to the Separation we have allocated a portion of LGL Group’s corporate expenses totaling $946,000 to the Company for the year ended December 31, 2022 which are recorded within engineering, selling and administrative expenses. See Note A - Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for a discussion of the methodology used to allocate corporate-related costs for purposes of preparing these Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements on a “carve-out” basis.
Net Transfers to LGL Group, Inc.
The following table presents the components of Net Transfers to LGL Group, Inc. in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the year ended December 31, 2022:
December 31,
(in thousands)
Corporate Expense Allocations
$ 325
Share-based Compensation Expense
Assumed Income Tax Payments
(644 )
Write off Intercompany Balance
(4,445 )
Total Net Transfers to LGL Group
$ (4,386 )
LGL Group’s board of directors initially approved a budget of $400,000 for Separation costs. However, the total Separation costs incurred through December 31, 2022 were $838,000 which was $438,000 greater than the budgeted amount. MtronPTI and LGL Group agreed to share any excess Separation costs. Included in other expense for the period ended December 31, 2022 is an amount of $219,000 which represents 50% of the excess Separation costs incurred. Excess Separation costs for the period ended December 31, 2023 was $28,000.
Cash Investments
The Company has a balance of $2,765,000 in the Gabelli US Treasury Money Market Fund, which is managed by Gabelli Funds, LLC ("Fund Manager"), all of which was classified within Cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Fund Manager is related to the Company through certain of our shareholders and receives a fund management fee of approximately 8 bps annually on asset balances under management. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company earned income on its investments with the Fund Manager totaling $12,000 which was included in Interest Income on the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations.
C. Inventories
The Company reduces the value of its inventories to net realizable value when the net realizable value is believed to be less than the cost of the item. The inventory reserve for excess and obsolescence inventory as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $1,268,000 and $1,318,000, respectively. The components of inventory as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 are summarized below:
December 31,
(in thousands)
Raw materials
$ 3,594
$ 3,335
Work in process
3,805
3,173
Finished goods
1,485
1,010
Total Inventories, net
$ 8,884
$ 7,518
D. Income Taxes
Prior to the Separation, the Company's U.S. operations and certain of its non-U.S. operations were historically included in the income tax returns of LGL Group or its subsidiaries. For the periods prior to the Separation, the income tax expense and all tax liabilities that are presented in these financial statements were calculated on a "carve-out" basis, which applied the accounting guidance as if the Company filed income tax returns on a standalone, separate return basis. The Company believes the assumptions supporting its allocation and presentation of income taxes on a separate return basis are reasonable. However, the Company's tax results, as presented in these financial statements for periods prior to the Separation, may not be reflective of the results that the Company expects to generate in the future.
Post-Separation, the Company filed a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return as well as separate and combined income tax returns in various state, local and international jurisdictions. Income tax expense for the period prior to the Separation is based on the combined financial statements prepared on a "carve-out" basis. Income tax expense for the period after the Separation is based on the consolidated results of the Company on a standalone basis.
Income before income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 consist of the following:
(in thousands)
United States
$ 3,966 $ 1,705
Foreign
434 890
Total
$ 4,400 $ 2,595
Income tax provision for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is as follows:
(in thousands)
Current:
Federal
$ 1,308 $ 703
State and local
314 188
Foreign
72 213
Total Current
1,694 1,104
Deferred:
Federal
(662 ) (263 )
State and local
(121 ) (78 )
Foreign
- 34
Net deferred
(783 ) (307 )
Income tax provision
$ 911 $ 797
A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes and the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income before income taxes is detailed below:
(in thousands)
Tax provision at expected statutory rate
$ 924 $ 544
State taxes, net of federal benefit
143 91
Permanent differences
14 83
Tax credits
(201 ) (61 )
Foreign tax expense, and other
55 161
Change in rate
5 -
Other
(29 ) (21 )
Provision for income taxes
$ 911 $ 797
Effective tax rate
20.7 % 30.7 %
Deferred income taxes for 2023 and 2022 were provided for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the income tax basis of the Company's assets and liabilities. Tax effects of temporary differences and carryforwards at December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
December 31, 2023
December 31, 2022
Deferred Tax
Deferred Tax
Asset
Liability
Asset
Liability
(in thousands)
Inventory reserve
$ 306 $ - $ 320 $ -
Other reserves and accruals
307 - 181 -
Capitalized Sec. 174 R&E
855 - 432 -
Fixed assets
43 399 39 80
Stock-based compensation
540 - 61 -
Other
173 23 84 36
Tax credit carryforwards
33 - 50 -
Total deferred income taxes
2,257 $ 422 1,167 $ 116
Net deferred tax assets
$ 1,835 $ 1,051
As of December 31, 2023, our unrecognized tax benefits totaled $111,000, and are included within accrued expenses in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits, without interest and penalties:
(in thousands)
Balance at January 1
$ 77 $ 448
Deductions for tax positions of prior years
(27 ) -
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year
61 77
Transfer to LGL Group, Inc.
- (448 )
Balance at December 31
$ 111 $ 77
The Company will recognize any interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax positions in Income Tax Provision in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations. Our total accrued interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions were immaterial as of December 31, 2023. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate is $111,000. We do not expect a significant change to the amount of unrecognized tax benefits over the next 12 months. The Company believes that the taxes accrued in our Consolidated Balance Sheets fairly represent the amount of income taxes to be settled or realized in the future.
As of December 31, 2023, the Company had Federal and research and development tax credit carryforwards of approximately $33,000 available to reduce future tax liabilities, which will begin to expire starting in 2027.
The Company filed a U.S. federal income tax return as well as income tax returns in various states and in non-U.S. jurisdictions. The Company filed its initial consolidated U.S. federal income tax return in October 2023, and there are no open Internal Revenue Service examinations.
On August 19, 2022, the Company and LGL Group entered into an Amended and Restated Tax Indemnity and Sharing Agreement. Under the agreement, LGL Group will generally be responsible for all U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. income taxes of the Company for any taxable period, or portion of such period, ending on or before the Separation.
E. Revolving Credit Agreement
On June 15, 2022, MtronPTI entered into a loan agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) for a revolving line of credit with Fifth Third Bank, National Association (“Fifth Third Bank”), for up to $5,000,000 bearing interest at the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus a margin of 2.25%, with a SOFR floor of 0.00%. The Loan Agreement has a maturity date of June 15, 2025 and contains various affirmative and negative covenants that are customary for lines of credit and transactions of this type, including limitations on the incurrence of debt and liabilities, as well as financial reporting requirements. The Loan Agreement also imposes certain financial covenants based on the following criteria: (a) Minimum Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio; (b) Minimum Current Ratio; and (c) Minimum Tangible Net Worth (each as defined in the Loan Agreement). All loans pursuant to the Loan Agreement will be secured by a continuing and unconditional first priority security interest in and to any and all property of the Company. All loans pursuant to the Loan Agreement will be secured by a continuing and unconditional first priority security interest in and to any and all property of the Company. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, there were no outstanding borrowings under the revolving line of credit with Fifth Third Bank.
F. Leases
The Company leases certain manufacturing and office space and equipment. We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. A contract is or contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment (an identified asset) for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Amounts associated with operating leases, which are not short-term, are included in right-of-use lease assets. Current lease liabilities are included in other accrued expenses and long-term lease liabilities are included in other liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Right-of-use lease assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of-use lease assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Short-term leases, leases with an initial term of 12 months or less, are not recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets; we recognize lease expense for these short-term leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Company leases certain property and equipment under operating leases with terms that range from one to five years. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
Total operating lease costs amounted to $270,000 and $349,000 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
At December 31, 2023 and 2022, our total lease obligation was $97,000 and $147,000, respectively, of which the current portion of $71,000 was included in other accrued expenses on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The weighted average discount rate for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was 7.6% and 6.3%, respectively. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the weighted average remaining lease term was 1 year and 2 years, respectively.
Future minimum lease payment obligations under operating leases are as follows (in thousands):
$
Total lease payments
Less: interest
(6 )
Present value of lease payments
$
G. Stock-Based Compensation
Prior to the Separation, certain Company employees participated in LGL Group’s stock plan ("LGL Group's Plan"). In connection with the Separation, the Company's board of directors (the “Board”) approved the Amended and Restated 2022 Incentive Plan (the “2022 Plan”), including the authority to issue 500,000 shares of common stock pursuant to the 2022 Plan. The 2022 Plan is the only long-term plan under which equity compensation may be awarded to employees, advisors and members of the Board aligning their interest with those of stockholders. At December 31, 2023, 380,074 shares remained available for future issuance under the 2022 Plan.
In connection with the Separation, restricted stock and stock option awards granted to Company employees under LGL Group's Plan were converted to awards representing 60,039 shares of the Company's common stock (the "Converted Awards") under the Company's 2022 Plan. Adjustments to the underlying shares and terms of outstanding restricted stock and stock options were made primarily to preserve the value of the awards immediately before the Separation. The outstanding awards continue to vest over their original vesting periods.
For the period prior to the Separation, the share-based compensation expense recognized by the Company was based on grants related directly to Company employees. Total stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $2,421,000 and $458,000, respectively.
Restricted Stock Awards
Restricted stock awards are measured at a value equal to the market price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant which is recognized over the service period of the award. The following table provides the Company’s restricted stock activity from the Separation date to December 31, 2023:
Aggregate Grant Date Fair value
Number of Shares
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
(in thousands)
Unvested Converted Awards as of October 7, 2022
50,329
$ 12.15
$
Vested
(3,093 )
11.64
(36 )
Balance at December 31, 2022
47,236
12.18
Restricted shares issued
69,597
11.37
Vested
(36,937 )
11.78
(447 )
Balance at December 31, 2023
79,896
$ 11.50
$
As of December 31, 2023, there was $699,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested shares granted. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.04 years.
Stock Options
Stock options granted to Company employees under LGL Group's Plan were converted to awards representing 9,710 shares of the Company's common stock in 2022.
The Company estimates the fair value of stock options on the grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model requires subjective assumptions, including future stock price volatility and expected time to exercise, which greatly affect the calculated values. There is no expected dividend rate. The basis for the expected volatility assumption includes historical Company volatility and that of its former parent blended with peer group volatility as the Company's available historical volatility was limited as a recently public company, did not fully cover the life of the option, and that blending its historical volatility with peer data provides a reasonable indication of expected volatility in the future. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon rates with a remaining term equal to the expected term of the option. The Company records any forfeitures in the period that the shares are forfeited.
The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards on the grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
Year Ended
December 31, 2023
December 31, 2022
Stock option plans:
Expected stock price volatility
%
%
Expected dividend yield
%
%
Risk free interest rate
4.55 %
3.32 %
Average expected life (in years)
1.50
1.00
A summary of option activity for the period from Separation to December 31, 2023, is as follows:
Number of Options Outstanding
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Weighted Average Remaining Term (in years)
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding and exercisable at October 7, 2022
9,710
$ 13.10
$ 4.02
1.9
$ -
Outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2022
9,710
$ 13.10
$ 4.02
1.9
$ -
Granted
183,300
$ 36.06
$ 10.98
Outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2023
193,010
$ 34.90
$ 10.63
2.9
$ 219.4
H. Employee Benefit Plan
The Company offers a defined contribution plan for eligible employees that includes discretionary matching contributions up to 50% of the first 6% of eligible compensation contributed by participants, which became effective in January 2023. LGL Group previously offered a defined contribution plan for eligible Company employees with similar terms and discretionary matching contributions. The Company contributed $162,000 and $89,000 in discretionary contributions during 2023 and 2022 respectively. Participants vest in employer contributions starting after their second year of service at 20% increments, vesting 100% in year six.
I. Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries may become defendants in certain product liability, patent infringement, worker claims and other litigation. The Company records a liability when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount is reasonably estimable. The Company is not involved in any legal proceedings other than routine litigation arising in the normal course of business, none of which the Company believes will have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition or results of operations.
J. Domestic and Foreign Revenues
Significant foreign revenues from operations (10% or more of foreign sales) were as follows:
Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)
Malaysia
$ 5,339 $ 5,334
Australia
1,587 124
All other foreign countries
4,138 3,948
Total foreign revenues
$ 11,064 $ 9,406
Total domestic revenues
$ 30,104 $ 22,439
The Company allocates its foreign revenue based on the customer's ship-to location.
K. Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
The following table provides summarized quarterly financial data for 2023 (in thousands, except per share data):
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
REVENUES
$ 9,367
$ 10,140
$ 10,888
$ 10,773
Costs and expenses:
Manufacturing cost of sales
6,171
5,921
6,230
6,080
Engineering, selling and administrative
2,435
2,654
2,625
4,753
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)
1,565
2,033
(60 )
Other Expense (Income):
Interest (expense) income, net
(2 )
(5 )
Other (expense) income, net
(40 )
Total other (expense) income, net
(42 )
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES
1,582
2,046
Income tax provision (benefit)
(20 )
NET INCOME (LOSS)
$
$ 1,277
$ 1,586
$
Net Income (Loss) per Basic Share (a)
$ 0.21
$ 0.47
$ 0.59
$ 0.03
Net Income (Loss) per Diluted Share (a)
$ 0.20
$ 0.47
$ 0.57
$ 0.03
(a) Due to changes in stock prices during the year and timing of issuances of shares, the cumulative total of quarterly net income (loss) per share amounts may not equal the net income per share for the year.
The following table provides summarized quarterly financial data for 2022 (in thousands, except per share data):
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
REVENUES
$ 7,691
$ 7,064
$ 8,417
$ 8,673
Costs and expenses:
Manufacturing cost of sales
4,819
4,412
5,688
5,580
Engineering, selling and administrative
2,058
2,049
2,099
2,265
OPERATING INCOME
Other Expense:
Interest expense, net
(3 )
(2 )
(1 )
(5 )
Other expense, net
(17 )
(9 )
(15 )
(228 )
Total other expense, net
(20 )
(11 )
(16 )
(233 )
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES
Income tax provision
NET INCOME
$
$
$
$
Net Income per Basicand Diluted Share (a) (b)
$ 0.23
$ 0.18
$ 0.19
$ 0.07
(a) Due to changes in stock prices during the year and timing of issuances of shares, the cumulative total of quarterly net income per share amounts may not equal the net income per share for the year.
(b) For periods prior to the Separation, basic shares at the Separation date are being utilized for the calculation of basic and diluted net income per share. For additional information regarding the basic shares at the Separation date, see Note A. Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, under “Earnings per Share”.

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
Item 9.
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Item 9A.
Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to us, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
As required by Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) of the Exchange Act, an evaluation as of December 31, 2023 was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures, as of December 31, 2023, were effective.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act. Under Rule 13a-15(c), management must evaluate, with the participation of the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness, as of the end of each fiscal year, of our internal control over financial reporting. The term internal control over financial reporting is defined as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the issuer’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the issuer’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP and includes those policies and procedure that:
●
Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the issuer;
● Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the issuer are being made only in accordance with the authorization of management of the issuer; and
● Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisitions, use or disposition of the issuer’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In the course of preparing this Report and the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements included herein, our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 using the criteria issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commissions (COSO) in the Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013). Based on that evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2023.
This Report does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm as we are a smaller reporting company as of December 31, 2023.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2023 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 9B.
Other Information.
During the three months ended December 31, 2023, none of our directors or officers, as defined in Section 16 of the Exchange Act, adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K of the Exchange Act.

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Item 10.
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2023 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2024 annual meeting of stockholders.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Item 11.
Executive Compensation.
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2023 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2024 annual meeting of stockholders.

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
The following table provides information as of December 31, 2023 about our common stock that may be issued upon the exercise of options, warrants and rights under all of our existing equity compensation plans (including individual arrangements):
Number of securities to be issued
Weighted-average exercise price
Number of securities remaining available for
upon exercise of outstanding
of outstanding options, warrants
future issuance under equity compensation plans
options, warrants and rights
and rights
(excluding securities reflected in column (a))
Plan Category
(a)
(b)
(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders (1)
193,010
$ 34.90
380,074
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
-
-
-
Total
193,010
$ 34.90
380,074
(1)
The Amended and Restated 2022 Incentive Plan was approved on August 19, 2022, prior to the Separation. 500,000 shares of common stock were authorized for issuance under the Amended and Restated 2022 Incentive Plan. Options to purchase 193,010 shares of common stock issued under the Amended and Restated 2022 Incentive Plan were outstanding as of December 31, 2023. Unvested restricted stock awards outstanding as of December 31, 2023 amounted to 79,896 shares.
The additional information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2023 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2024 annual meeting of stockholders.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Item 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2023 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2024 annual meeting of stockholders.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
Item 14.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2023 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2024 annual meeting of stockholders.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Item 15.
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
(a)
Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
The following consolidated and combined financial statements of M-tron Industries, Inc. are filed as part of this Report under Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data:
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms on Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations: Years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
Consolidated Balance Sheets: December 31, 2023 and 2022
Consolidated and Combined Statements of Stockholders' Equity: Years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows: Years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
Notes to Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
(b)
Exhibits
Exhibit No.
Description
2.
Plan of Acquisition, Reorganization, Arrangement, Liquidation or Succession.
2.1
Amended and Restated Separation and Distribution Agreement by and between The LGL Group, Inc. and M-tron Industries, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the SEC on August 19, 2022).
3.
Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws.
3.1
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of M-tron Industries, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the SEC on August 3, 2022).
3.2
Amended and Restated Bylaws of M-tron Industries, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the SEC on August 3, 2022).
4.
Instruments Defining the Rights of Security Holders.
4.1
Amended and Restated 2022 Incentive Plan of M-tron Industries, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Form 10 filed with the SEC on August 19, 2022). +
4.2
Description of Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 30, 2023).
10.
Material Contracts.
10.1
Amended and Restated Transitional Administrative and Management Services Agreement by and between The LGL Group, Inc. and M-tron Industries, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the SEC on August 19, 2022).
10.2
Amended and Restated Tax Indemnity and Sharing Agreement by and between The LGL Group, Inc. and M-tron Industries, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the SEC on August 19, 2022).
10.3
Credit Agreement by and among M-Tron Industries, Inc., Piezo Technology, Inc. and Fifth Third Bank, National Association, dated June 15, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the SEC on July 18, 2022).
10.4
Promissory Note in favor of Fifth Third Bank, National Association, dated June 15, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the SEC on July 18, 2022).
Exhibit No.
Description
10.5
Security Agreement by and among M-Tron Industries, Inc. and Fifth Third Bank, National Association, dated June 15, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the SEC on July 18, 2022).
10.6
Security Agreement by and among Piezo Technology, Inc. and Fifth Third Bank, National Association, dated June 15, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the SEC on July 18, 2022).
16.1
Letter from RSM US LLP dated October 14, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 16.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on October 14, 2022).
21.1
Subsidiaries of M-tron Industries, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 of the Company’s Form 10 filed with the SEC on July 18, 2022).
31.1
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
31.2
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
32.1
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.**
32.2
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.**
97.1
Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation Policy, Dated November 9, 2023.*
101.INS
Inline XBRL Instance Document*
101.SCH
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document*
101.CAL
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document*
101.DEF
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document*
101.LAB
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document*
101.PRE
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document*
Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)*
* Filed herewith
** Furnished herewith. In accordance with Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, this Exhibit is not deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section. Such certifications will not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.
+ Indicates management or compensatory plan.
The exhibits listed above have been filed separately with the SEC in conjunction with this Annual Report on Form 10-K or have been incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Upon request, the Company will furnish to each of its stockholders a copy of any such exhibit. Requests should be addressed to the Corporate Secretary, M-tron Industries, Inc., 2525 Shader Road, Orlando, Florida 32804.
(c)
Financial Statement Schedules:
None.