EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1748790
Filing Year: 2024
Filename: 1748790_10-K_2024_0001748790-24-000022.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Item 1. - Business
The Company
Amcor plc (ARBN 630 385 278) is a public limited company incorporated under the Laws of the Bailiwick of Jersey. Our history dates back more than 150 years, with origins in both Australia and the United States of America. Today, we are a global leader in developing and producing responsible packaging solutions across a variety of materials for food, beverage, pharmaceutical, medical, home and personal-care, and other products. Our global product innovation and sustainability expertise enable us to solve packaging challenges around the world every day, producing a range of flexible packaging, rigid packaging, cartons, and closures, that are more functional, appealing, and cost effective for our customers and their consumers and importantly, more sustainable for the environment.
Expertise across Packaging Materials
We believe that we are uniquely positioned to offer a variety of packaging solutions with a wide, differentiated portfolio of products enabled by our constant innovation and close partnerships with our customers. Our packaging expertise covers all main packaging materials including paper, aluminum, polymer resins, recycled, and bio-based materials and the sustainable use of recyclable materials.
Differentiated, Responsible Packaging Solutions
Behind every one of our products stands a unique combination of technical know-how, business experience, and expertise. We work closely with our customers to identify feasible, high-performance, responsible packaging solutions based on their unique needs. Where solutions do not currently exist, we work to innovate new ones.
Sustainability is comprehensively embedded across our business and is one of our most important and exciting opportunities for growth. For years, Amcor has been an industry leader in driving progress toward a circular economy for packaging. We aspire to improve the quality of lives, protect ecosystems, and preserve natural resources for future generations by offering a unique range of responsible packaging solutions, leveraging our global scale, reach, and expertise to meet our customers’ growing sustainability expectations. In January 2018, we became the world’s first packaging company to pledge that all our packaging would be designed to be recyclable, compostable, or reusable by 2025 and also committed to increasing the amount of recycled materials we use. In November 2022, we further increased our target for use of recycled materials to 30% by 2030. We continue making progress toward these commitments and leading in the development of a responsible packaging value chain through our innovations and partnerships. We have identified a clear path to meeting our sustainability ambitions and those of our customers by focusing on the three elements of responsible packaging - product innovation, consumer participation, and waste management infrastructure.
For more information, see "Sustainability and Innovation” in this section.
Business Strategy
Strategy
Our business strategy consists of three components: a focused portfolio, differentiated capabilities, and our aspiration to be THE leading global packaging company. To fulfill our aspiration, we are determined to win for our customers, employees, shareholders, and the environment.
Focused portfolio
Our portfolio of businesses share certain important characteristics:
•A focus on primary packaging for fast-moving consumer goods and industrial applications,
•good industry structure,
•attractive relative growth, and
•multiple paths for us to win through our leadership position, scale, and ability to differentiate our product offering through innovation.
These criteria have led us to the focused portfolio of strong businesses we have today across: flexible and rigid packaging, specialty cartons, and closures.
Differentiated capabilities
"The Amcor Way" describes the capabilities deployed consistently across Amcor that enable us to get leverage across our portfolio: Talent, Commercial Excellence, Operational Leadership, Innovation, and Cash and Capital Discipline. Our values of Safety, Integrity, Collaboration, Accountability, and Results and Outperformance guide our behavior, driving our winning aspiration to be THE leading global packaging company.
Shareholder value creation
Through our portfolio of focused businesses and differentiated capabilities, we generate strong cash flow and redeploy cash to consistently create superior value for shareholders. The nature of our consumer and healthcare end markets means that, over time, volatility should be relatively low, measured on a constant currency basis. Long-term value creation has been strong and consistent and has reflected a combination of dividends, organic growth in the base business, and using free cash flow to pursue targeted acquisitions and/or returning cash to shareholders via share buybacks.
Segment Information
Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 280, "Segment Reporting," establishes the standards for reporting information about segments in financial statements. In applying the criteria set forth in ASC 280, we have determined we have two reportable segments, Flexibles and Rigid Packaging. The reportable segments produce flexible packaging, rigid packaging, specialty cartons, and closure products, which are sold to customers participating in a range of attractive end use areas throughout Europe, North America, Latin America, Africa, and the Asia Pacific regions. Refer to Note 20, "Segments," of the notes to consolidated financial statements for financial information about reportable segments.
Flexibles Segment
Our Flexibles Segment develops and supplies flexible packaging globally. With approximately 35,000 employees at 160 significant manufacturing and support facilities in 36 countries as of June 30, 2024, the Flexibles Segment is one of the world's largest suppliers of polymer resin, aluminum, and fiber based flexible packaging. In fiscal year 2024, Flexibles accounted for approximately 76% of consolidated net sales.
Rigid Packaging Segment
Our Rigid Packaging Segment manufactures rigid packaging containers and related products in the Americas. As of June 30, 2024, the Rigid Packaging Segment employed approximately 5,000 employees at 52 significant manufacturing and support facilities in 11 countries. In fiscal year 2024, Rigid Packaging accounted for approximately 24% of consolidated net sales.
Marketing, Distribution, and Competition
Our sales are made through a variety of distribution channels, but predominantly through our direct sales force. Sales offices and plants are located primarily throughout Europe, North America, Latin America, and the Asia-Pacific regions to provide prompt and economical service to thousands of customers. Our technically trained sales force is supported by product development engineers, design technicians, field service technicians, and customer service teams.
We did not have sales to a single customer that exceeded 10% of consolidated net sales in the last three fiscal years.
The major markets in which we sell our products historically have been, and continue to be, highly competitive. Areas of competition include service, sustainability, innovation, quality, and price. We consider ourselves to be a significant participant in the markets in which we operate. Competitors include AptarGroup, Inc., Ball Corporation, Berry Global Group, Inc, CCL Industries Inc., Crown Holdings, Inc., Graphic Packaging Holding Company, Huhtamaki Oyj, International Paper Company, Mayr-Melnhof Karton AG, O-I Glass, Inc., Sealed Air Corporation, Silgan Holdings Inc., and Sonoco Products Company, and a variety of privately held companies.
Backlog
Working capital fluctuates throughout the year in relation to business volume and other marketplace conditions. We maintain inventory levels that provide a reasonable balance between obtaining raw materials at favorable prices and maintaining adequate inventory levels to enable us to fulfill our commitment to promptly fill customer orders. Manufacturing backlogs are not a significant factor in the markets in which we operate.
Raw Materials
Polymer resins and films, paper, inks, solvents, adhesives, aluminum, and chemicals constitute the major raw materials we use. These are purchased from a variety of global industry sources, and we are not significantly dependent on any one supplier for our raw materials. While we have experienced industry-wide shortages of certain raw materials in the past, we have been able to manage supply disruptions by working closely with our suppliers and customers. Supply shortages, along with other factors, can lead and have in the past led to increased raw material price volatility. Increases in the price of raw materials are generally able to be passed on to customers including through contractual price mechanisms over time. We manage the risks associated with our supply chain and have generally been able to maintain adequate raw materials through relationship management, inventory management, and evaluation of alternative sources when practical. For more information, see "Item 1A. - Raw Materials - Price fluctuations or shortages in the availability of raw materials, energy, and other inputs could adversely affect our business.”
Intellectual Property
We are the owner or licensee of more than a thousand United States and other country patents and patent applications that relate to our products, manufacturing processes, and equipment. We have a number of trademarks and trademark registrations in the United States and in other countries. We also keep certain technology and processes as trade secrets. Our patents, licenses, and trademarks collectively provide a competitive advantage. However, the loss of any single patent or license alone would not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations as a whole or those of our reportable segments. Patents, patent applications, and license agreements will expire or terminate over time by operation of law, in accordance with their terms, or otherwise.
Sustainability and Innovation
Sustainability is comprehensively embedded across our business, from the investments we are making in packaging innovation and design, to our global collaboration strategy, to the work we undertake within our own operations and with our upstream and downstream partners to develop a more responsible packaging value chain.
We believe there will always be a role for the primary packaging we produce to preserve food, beverages, and healthcare products, protect consumers, and promote brands. Consumers also want cost effective, convenient, and easy to use packaging with a reduced environmental footprint and a responsible end of life solution. We have identified a clear path to provide food, beverages, and healthcare products to people around the world in a more sustainable way and meet our sustainability ambitions and those of our customers, by focusing on three key elements of responsible packaging: product innovation, consumer participation, and waste management infrastructure. We believe our commitment to responsible packaging is integral to our success. Our responsible packaging solutions address both how the product is made, as well as what happens after the consumer uses it, offering a wide variety of options to advance sustainability while meeting our customers’ specific packaging needs.
Innovation is central to Amcor’s approach to sustainability and we spend approximately $100 million a year on research and development ("R&D"), not including ongoing investment in incremental continuous improvements. We are highly regarded for our innovation capabilities and have more than a thousand active patents, as well as a global network of Innovation Centers focused on bringing advanced packaging technologies and more sustainable material science to our markets around the world. We solve packaging challenges by developing differentiated products, services, and processes to protect our customers' products and fulfill the needs of the consumers who rely on them. Drawing on our unrivaled heritage in design, science, and manufacturing, over a thousand Amcor R&D professionals and engineers are constantly innovating across new materials, formats, functions, and technologies.
We collaborate with like-minded partners, including customers and suppliers, in pursuit of innovative solutions to address some of the world’s most urgent challenges, including increasing recycling and reuse and reducing our environmental impacts. We also partner with non-governmental organizations, promising startups, and cross-industry initiatives and bodies. These partnerships enable us to learn, experience other perspectives, share our expertise, and expand our innovation. With our
partners, we advocate for sound global design standards, better waste management infrastructure, and higher levels of consumer participation in recycling that will be required to develop a true circular economy for packaging.
We know that our environmental footprint also extends beyond the products we create and we strive to reduce the environmental impacts of our operations. For more than a decade, our EnviroAction program has helped us significantly improve how we manage energy, greenhouse gas ("GHG") emissions, water, and waste in our manufacturing locations. In January 2022, we further increased our ambition by committing to set science-based targets to reduce GHG emissions and achieve net zero emissions by 2050. We submitted our near-term science-based targets in fiscal year 2023, and they were validated by the Science Based Targets initiative in fiscal year 2024. The new targets build on years of progress under our EnviroAction program. We also submitted our long-term net-zero science-based targets in fiscal year 2024 and expect they will be validated by the Science Based Targets Initiative in calendar year 2024. To support our ongoing process toward achieving science-based targets, we have developed a decarbonization strategy which focuses on five key GHG emission levers: renewable electricity, supply chain footprint reduction, recycled materials, product redesign, and operational efficiency.
With our global scale, deep industry experience, and strong capabilities, we believe that we are uniquely positioned to lead the way in the design and development of more sustainable packaging, and this is one of the most important and exciting growth opportunities for Amcor.
Governmental Laws and Regulations
Our operations and the real property we own, or lease, are subject to broad governmental laws and regulations, including environmental laws and regulations by multiple jurisdictions. These laws and regulations pertain to employee health and safety, the discharge of certain materials into the environment, handling and disposition of waste, cleanup of contaminated soil and ground water, other rules to control pollution and manage natural resources, and other government regulations. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with applicable health and safety laws, environmental laws and regulations based on the execution of our Environmental, Health, and Safety Management System and regular audits of those processes and systems. However, we cannot predict with certainty that we will not, in the future, incur liability with respect to noncompliance with health and safety laws, environmental laws and regulations due to contamination of sites formerly or currently owned or operated by us (including contamination caused by prior owners and operators of such sites) or the off-site disposal of regulated materials, or other broad government regulations which could be significant. In addition, these laws and regulations are constantly changing, and we cannot always anticipate these changes. Refer to Note 19, "Contingencies and Legal Proceedings," of the notes to consolidated financial statements for information about legal proceedings. For a more detailed description of the various laws and regulations that affect our business, see "Item 1A. - Risk Factors."
Seasonal Factors
Our business and operations of each of the reportable segments is subject to moderate seasonality with demand usually increasing towards the end of our fiscal year due to increased demand for beverage and food products in certain markets. Historically, cash flow from operations has been lower in the first half of the fiscal year, and higher in the second half of the fiscal year, due to moderate seasonality, working capital requirements, and the timing of certain cash payments made in the first half of the year, including incentive compensation.
Research and Development
Refer to section "Sustainability and Innovation" within "Item 1. - Business" of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," of the notes to consolidated financial statements, for further information about our research and development activities, expenditures, and policies.
Human Capital Management
Overview
Amcor’s aspiration is to be ‘THE leading global packaging company'. Our people are core to the achievement of our aspiration. We believe we are winning for our people when they feel safe, engaged, and are developing as part of a high-performing, global team. We strive to build an outperformance culture in which we consistently deliver results and strive to surpass expectations. At Amcor, we are stronger because of the diverse strengths, styles, cultures, and experiences of our people. We aim to create inclusive working environments to ensure each colleague feels valued, treated with respect, encouraged to speak, and empowered to be their best.
As of June 30, 2024, we had approximately 41,000 employees, including part-time and temporary workers, worldwide, with approximately 31% located in North America, 29% located in Europe, 21% located in Latin America, and 19% located in the Asia Pacific region. Collective bargaining agreements cover approximately 43% of our workforce. As of June 30, 2024, approximately 3% of our employees were working under expired contracts and approximately 20% were covered under collective bargaining agreements that expire within one year.
Health and Safety
Safety is a core value at Amcor, as well as an integral component in our global Health and Safety programs. We take care of ourselves and each other, so everyone returns home safely every day. We champion a safe and healthy workplace, establish key accountabilities at all levels of the organization, and aspire to achieve a true culture of care and an injury-free Amcor. All our facilities are subject to global Environment, Health, and Safety ("EHS") standards which serve as blueprints for a safe and healthy workplace. We also have established policies, procedures, and training intended to minimize risks to people, property, and reputation.
Our Board of Directors receives monthly reports on health and safety performance and compliance with our global EHS standards. During fiscal year 2024, we reduced the number of injuries by 12% and 73% of our sites were injury-free. Our Total Recordable Incident Rate ("TRIR") which is an annual rate of workplace injuries that we use to track our safety efforts, was 0.27 in fiscal year 2024, an improvement over fiscal year 2023 and reflecting a better performance than the industry average.
Talent Management and Development
At Amcor, we are dedicated to attracting, developing, engaging, and retaining the best talent to deliver our 'Winning Aspiration' and ensure a strong succession pipeline for the future. Our fiscal years' 2023-2027 Human Capital Strategy is focused on ensuring that we have the right people in the right jobs at the right time to drive our growth agenda. We recognize that we grow our business by developing our people and placing people at the center of what we do. Our HR Strategy aims to create an exceptional employee experience through a range of ongoing initiatives focused on talent. We continue to focus on attracting, developing, engaging, and retaining the best talent and strengthening the Company’s succession pipeline for the future. Supported by our employment value proposition, we also undertake a variety of recruitment strategies to attract top talent.
We have a range of executive development, leadership training, education, and awareness programs to help employees progress across all functions and experience levels. Examples of these global leadership programs include our Executive Development program (“EDP”) which targets our most senior leaders and provides them an immersive experience in strategy development and strategic talent management. We also have our Senior Leader Development program ("SLDP") focusing on developing strategic management skills and inclusive leadership.
Additionally, we also deploy systems and processes to ensure our people have clear goals and are empowered to achieve them. Through performance management, we align these goals to business targets, providing line of sight so each employee understands how they contribute to our success. Through formal reviews, performance coaching, and feedback, our leaders implement a rigorous cycle to foster talent.
Diversity, Equity & Inclusion ("DE&I")
At Amcor, we’re committed to providing an inclusive environment that empowers us to achieve our full potential. Becoming THE leading global packaging company requires us to create a culture in which everyone feels encouraged to speak and compelled to listen.
Amcor values the diverse experience, strengths, styles, nationalities, and cultures of all our people. Our diversity, equity, and inclusion strategy is based on four key pillars:
Talent - Supporting the growth and diversification of our talent through mentoring and our hiring practices.
Under the Talent Pillar, the Amcor Leadership Mentoring Program is ongoing for the second year. The program aims to develop emerging female talent by connecting them with senior leaders as well as through workshops and networking opportunities. In addition, we are working towards diversifying our global talent pool by reducing unconscious bias from talent attraction and development through a number of initiatives.
Community - Promoting our employee resource groups and local grassroots plant initiatives.
Under the Community Pillar, we have established a global network of DE&I representatives from all business groups and corporate functions to come together, share their experiences, and support the execution of our agenda across Amcor. The network also shares regular updates with the Global Management Team. Our Employee Resource Groups are an important part of the Community Pillar that support the DE&I strategy through local initiatives relevant to the countries and regions they are located in.
Awareness and Training - Providing more coordination and information around training opportunities.
Under the Awareness and Training Pillar, our DE&I training calendar provides an overview of opportunities for Amcor colleagues to build knowledge and capabilities, aligning the entire organization on DE&I topics. Business groups organize these sessions in a variety of formats, including live small-group seminars, large-group webinars, and e-learnings. Participants also receive supporting materials to better enable post-training reinforcement of learnings, including tips and reflection checks.
Data and Reporting - Communicating our work and progress accurately and effectively to internal and external stakeholders.
Under the Data and Reporting Pillar, progress is measured in a variety of ways, such as through feedback from individuals engaged in DE&I initiatives, community representatives, and members of employee resource groups. We also receive feedback from across the organization through our engagement survey scores, including scores related to DE&I. We continue to improve our scores by taking action both regionally and globally.
We focus on strengthening 'talent through diversity' and progress is reported to our Board annually. We continually review opportunities to strengthen our diversity transparency practices while adhering to privacy legislation in certain regions where we operate. The Board receives an annual report on our progress towards its DE&I efforts.
As of June 30, 2024, 44% of our Board and 27% of our Global Management Team is composed of women.
Engagement
At Amcor, we believe strongly in engagement being a key driver of performance and we prioritize engagement through various initiatives. In addition to the annual global engagement survey where we provide all employees an opportunity to share anonymous feedback across a variety of topics, we conduct regular feedback sessions and town halls to gather insights and foster open communication. Management is focused on continuously improving our employee's engagement and our engagement results help to drive action on various topics globally as well as locally in an effort to continuously improve employee engagement.
Ethics
Good corporate governance and transparency are fundamental to achieving our aspirations. Our employees are expected to act with integrity and objectivity and to always strive to enhance our reputation and performance.
We maintain a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics Policy which is signed by every Amcor employee and provides our framework for making ethical business decisions. We provide targeted training across the globe to reinforce our commitment to ethics and drive adherence to the national laws in each country in which we operate.
Information about our Executive Officers
The following sets forth the name, age, and business experience for at least the last five years of our executive officers. Unless otherwise indicated, positions shown are with Amcor.
Name (Age) Positions Held Period the Position was Held
Peter Konieczny (59) Interim Chief Executive Officer 2024 to present
Chief Commercial Officer 2021 to 2024
President, Amcor Flexibles Europe, Middle East and Africa 2015 to 2021
Michael Casamento (53)
Executive VP, Finance and Chief Financial Officer 2015 to present
VP, Corporate Finance 2014 to 2015
Susana Suarez Gonzalez (55)
Executive VP and Chief Human Resources Officer 2022 to present
Executive VP, Chief Human Resources and Diversity & Inclusion Officer, International Flavors and Fragrances 2016 to 2022
Deborah Rasin (57)
Executive VP and General Counsel 2022 to present
Senior VP, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary, Hill-Rom Holdings 2016 to 2022
Eric Roegner (54)
President, Amcor Rigid Packaging 2018 to present
Executive Leadership Roles, Arconic, Inc. (f/k/a Alcoa Inc.) 2006 to 2018
Fred Stephan (59)
President, Amcor Flexibles North America 2019 to present
President, Bemis North America 2017 to 2019
Senior VP and General Manager of the Insulation Systems - Johns Manville 2011 to 2017
Ian Wilson (66)
Executive VP, Strategy and Development 2000 to present
Michael Zacka (57)
President, Amcor Flexibles Europe, Middle East and Africa 2021 to present
President, Amcor Flexibles Asia Pacific and Chief Commercial Officer 2017 to 2021
Tetra Pak Global Leadership Team 1996 to 2017
Available Information
We are a large accelerated filer (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) Rule 12b-2) and we are also an electronic filer. Electronically filed reports (Forms 4, 8-K, 10-K, 10-Q, S-3, S-8, etc.) can be accessed at the SEC's website (http://www.sec.gov). We make available free of charge (other than an investor’s own Internet access charges) through the Investor Relations section of our website (http://www.amcor.com/investors), under "Financial Information" and then "SEC Filings," our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and if applicable, amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. You may also obtain these reports by writing to us, Attention: Investor Relations, Amcor plc, Level 11, 60 City Road, Southbank, VIC, 3006, Australia. We are not including the information contained on our website as part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Item 1A. - Risk Factors
The following factors, as well as factors described elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, or in other filings by us with the Securities and Exchange Commission, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. Other factors not presently known to us or that we presently believe are not material could also affect our business operations and financial results.
Strategic Risks
Changes in Consumer Demand - Demand for our products could be affected by a variety of factors, including changes in economic environment and regulations.
Sales of our products and services depend heavily on the volume of sales made by our customers to consumers. Alternative consumer preferences for products in the industries that we serve or the packaging formats in which such products are delivered, whether as a result of changes in cost, economic environments, regulatory developments (including end user taxes), convenience or health, environmental, and social concerns, and perceptions, such as pressure to reduce packaging waste and the use of petrochemical components, may result in a decline in the demand for certain of our products or the obsolescence of some of our existing products. Any new products we produce may fail to meet sales or margin expectations due to various factors, including our or our customers' inability to accurately predict customer demand, end user preferences or movements in industry standards, or to develop products that meet consumer demand in a timely and cost-effective manner.
Changing preferences for products and packaging formats may result in increased demand for other products we produce. However, if changing preferences are not offset by demand for new or alternative products, changes in consumer preferences could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Key Customers and Customer Consolidation - The loss of key customers, a reduction in their production requirements or consolidation among key customers could have a significant adverse impact on our sales revenue and profitability.
Relationships with our customers are fundamental to our success, particularly given the nature of the packaging industry and other supply choices available to customers. While we do not have a single customer accounting for more than 10% of our net sales, customer concentration can be more pronounced within certain businesses. Consequently, the loss of any of our key customers or any significant reduction in their production requirements, or an adverse change in the terms of our supply agreements with them, could reduce our sales revenue and net profit. In addition, geopolitical tensions, wars, and terrorism can impact local demand for our products. Although we have been largely successful in maintaining customer relationships in the past, there is no assurance that existing customer relationships will be renewed at existing volume, product mix, or price levels, or at all.
Customers with operations subject to physical risks, including those caused by natural disasters and adverse weather conditions related to climate change, may relocate production to less affected areas, which could be beyond the range of Amcor's production sites. Supplying such relocated facilities may lead to additional costs. New regulations can also affect our relationships with customers. Any loss, change, or other adverse event related to our key customer relationships could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Furthermore, in recent years, some of our customers have acquired companies with similar or complementary product lines. This consolidation has increased the concentration of our business with these customers. Such consolidation may be accompanied by pressure from customers for lower prices, reflecting the increase in the total volume of products purchased or the elimination of a price differential between the acquiring customer and the acquired company. While we have generally been successful in managing customer consolidations, increased pricing pressures from our customers could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or cash flows.
Competition - We face significant competition in the industries and regions in which we operate, which could adversely affect our business.
We operate in highly competitive geographies and end use areas, each with varying barriers to entry, industry structures, and competitive behavior. We regularly bid for new and continuing business in the industries and regions in which we operate, and we continually adapt to changes in consumer demand. While we cannot predict with certainty the changes that may impact our competitiveness, the main methods of competition in the general packaging industry include price, innovation, sustainability, service, and quality.
The loss of business from our larger customers, or the renewal of business on less favorable terms, may have a significant impact on our operating results. Additionally, our competitors may develop or utilize disruptive technologies or other technological innovations that could increase their ability to compete for our current or potential customers. Our failure to adequately respond to the actions that established or potential competitors take could materially affect our ability to implement our plans and materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Expanding Our Current Business - We may be unable to expand our current business effectively through organic growth, including product innovation, investments, or acquisitions.
Our business strategy includes both organic expansion of our existing operations, particularly through efforts to strengthen and expand relationships with customers in emerging markets, product innovation (including to address changes in the industry or regulatory environments) and expansion through investments and acquisitions. However, we may not be able to execute our strategy effectively for reasons within and outside our control. Our ability to grow organically may be limited by, among other things, extensive saturation in the locations in which we operate or a change or reduction in our customers’ growth plans due to changing economic conditions, strategic priorities, or otherwise. For many of our businesses, organic growth depends on product innovation, new product development, and timely responses to changing consumer demands and preferences. Consequently, failure to develop new or improved products in response to changing consumer preferences in a timely manner may hinder our growth potential, impact our competitive position, and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Additionally, we have pursued growth through acquisitions, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to identify suitable acquisition targets in the right geographic regions and with the right participation strategy in the future, or to complete such acquisitions on acceptable terms or at all. If we are unable to identify acquisition targets that meet our investment criteria and close such transactions on acceptable terms, our potential for growth by way of acquisition may be restricted, which could have a material adverse effect on the achievement of our strategy and the resulting expected financial benefits.
We also may face challenges in integrating acquisitions with our existing operations. These challenges could include difficulties in integrating or consolidating business processes and systems, as well as challenges in integrating business cultures, which may result in synergies from acquisitions not being fully realized or taking longer to realize than expected or incurring additional costs to do so. Further, in pursuing growth through acquisitions, we face additional risks common with an acquisition strategy, including failure to identify significant contingencies or legal liabilities in the due diligence process, diversion of management's attention from existing business, and interruptions to normal business operations resulting from the process of integrating operations.
We have also invested in companies in which we do not exercise control. Our investment partners or other parties that hold the remaining ownership interests in companies that we do not control may not have interests that are aligned with our goals. We have incurred losses in our equity method investments in the past, and the recognition of our proportionate share of our investees' results in the future could adversely affect our results of operations. In addition, our equity method investments are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of our investment is not recoverable. If we determine that an investment is other-than-temporarily impaired, the resulting impairment charge could adversely affect our results of operations. We have recognized impairment losses in the past in connection with our investments and we may be required to do so again in the future.
Operational Risks
Global Economic Conditions - Challenging global economic conditions, have had, and may continue to have, a negative impact on our business operations and financial results.
Demand for our products and services depends on consumer demand for our packaging products, including packaged food, beverages, healthcare, personal care, agribusiness, industrial, and other consumer goods. Geopolitical events, such as increased trade barriers or restrictions on global trade, political, financial, or social instability, wars, civil or social unrest, natural disasters, or health crises, could result in general economic downturns, such as a recession or economic slowdown, and could adversely affect our business operations and financial results.
Recent global economic challenges, including the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the Middle East conflict, increasing tensions between China and Taiwan, and relatively high inflation and interest rates, may continue to put pressure on our business. Current and future unrest in regions where we operate, and political developments, could have a material impact on our financial condition.
When challenging economic conditions exist, our customers may delay, decrease, or cancel purchases from us, and may also delay payments or fail to pay us altogether. For example, during the first half of fiscal year 2024, our net sales were impacted by volume declines primarily attributed to destocking and lower consumer demand. Suppliers may also have difficulties filling our orders and we may have difficulties getting our products to customers, which may affect our ability to meet customer demands and result in a loss of business. Weakened global economic conditions may also result in unfavorable changes in our product prices and product mix and lower profit margins. Although we take measures to mitigate the impact of inflation, including through pricing actions and productivity programs, if these actions are not effective, our cash flow, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted. In addition, there could be a time lag between recognizing the benefit of our mitigating actions and the impact of inflation and there is no guarantee that our mitigating measures will fully offset the impacts of inflation.
International Operations - Our international operations subject us to various risks that could adversely affect our business operations and financial results.
We have operations throughout the world, including facilities in emerging markets. In fiscal year 2024, approximately 73% of our sales revenue came from developed markets and 27% came from emerging markets. We expect to continue to expand our operations in the future, including in the emerging markets.
Managing global operations is complex, particularly due to substantial differences in the cultural, political, and regulatory environments of the countries where we operate. In addition, many countries where we have operations, including Argentina, Brazil, China, Colombia, India, and Peru, have legal, regulatory, or political systems, that are dynamic and subject to change.
The profitability of our operations may be adversely impacted by, among other things:
•changes in applicable fiscal or regulatory regimes;
•changes in, or difficulties in interpreting and complying with, local laws, sanctions, and regulations, including tax, labor, foreign investment, and foreign exchange control laws;
•nullification, modification, or renegotiation of, or difficulties or delays in enforcing contracts with clients or joint venture partners that are subject to local law;
•reversal of current political, judicial, or administrative policies encouraging foreign investment or foreign trade, or related to the use of local agents, representatives, or partners in relevant jurisdictions;
•trade restrictions, sanctions, and quotas;
•wars, acts of terrorism, social and ethnic unrest, and geopolitical events;
•pandemics and other health crises impacting different regions of the world unequally;
•difficulties associated with nationalization or expropriation of assets, or expatriating or repatriating cash generated or held abroad; and
•changes in exchange rates and inflation, including hyperinflation.
Furthermore, prolonged periods of economic, legal, regulatory, or political instability in the emerging markets where we operate could have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flow, financial condition, and results of operations.
The conflict between Russia and Ukraine has negatively impacted the global economy and led to various economic sanctions being imposed by the U.S., the European Union, the United Kingdom, and other countries against Russia. It is not possible to predict the broader or longer-term consequences of this conflict. Continued escalation of geopolitical tensions, including the conflict in the Middle East and tensions between China and Taiwan, could result in the loss of property, supply chain disruptions, significant inflationary pressure on raw material prices and other resources (such as energy and natural gas), fluctuations in our customers’ buying patterns given regional shortages of food ingredients and other factors, credit and capital market disruption which could impact our ability to obtain financing, increase in interest rates, and adverse foreign exchange impacts. These broader consequences could have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flow, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our international operations involve limited sales to entities located in countries subject to economic sanctions administered by the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control, the U.S. Department of State, and the U.S. Department of Commerce and other applicable national and supranational organizations (collectively, "Sanctions"). We also operate in certain countries that are occasionally subject to Sanctions, which require us to maintain internal processes and control procedures. Failure to do so could result in breach by our employees of various laws and regulations, including those relating to money laundering, corruption, export control, fraud, bribery, insider trading, antitrust, competition, and economic sanctions, whether due to a lack of integrity or awareness or otherwise. Any such breach could result in sanctions (including fines and penalties) and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and reputation.
Raw Materials - Price fluctuations or shortages in the availability of raw materials, energy, and other inputs could adversely affect our business.
As a manufacturer of packaging products, our sales and profitability are dependent on the availability and cost of raw materials, labor, and other inputs, including energy. All of the raw materials we use are purchased from third parties, and our primary inputs include polymer resins and films, paper, inks, solvents, adhesives, aluminum, and chemicals. Prices for these raw materials are subject to substantial fluctuations that are beyond our control due to factors such as changing economic conditions (including inflation), currency and commodity price fluctuations, resource availability and other supply chain challenges, transportation costs, geopolitical risks (including the conflicts between Russia and Ukraine, and in the Middle East), pandemics and other health crises, an increase in the demand for products manufactured from recycled materials, weather conditions and natural disasters, environmental regulations related to greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity and deforestation, human rights due diligence regulations, and other factors impacting supply and demand pressures. For example, energy prices have fluctuated significantly in the past few years and may fluctuate in the future which could negatively impact our results of operations.
Additionally, changes in international trade policies in the countries in which we operate could materially impact the cost and supply of raw materials as duties are assessed on raw materials used in our production process and the global supply of key raw materials is disrupted. For example, in fiscal year 2024, the U.S. government assessed retroactive duties on a small number of our aluminum imports into the U.S. where it was determined that the rollstock originated from China. The introduction of new duties, tariffs, quotas, or other similar trade restrictions may have a negative impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
While we have largely been able to successfully manage through any supply disruptions and related price volatility in the past, there is no assurance that we will be able to successfully navigate any future disruptions. Increases in costs and disruptions in supply can have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results. We seek to mitigate these risks through various strategies, including entering into contracts with certain customers that permit price adjustments to reflect increased raw material and other costs or by otherwise seeking to increase our prices to offset increases in raw material and other costs and seeking alternative sources of supply for key raw materials. However, there is no guarantee that we will be able to anticipate or mitigate commodity and input price movements or supply disruptions. In addition, there may be delays in adjusting prices to correspond with underlying raw material costs and corresponding impacts on our working capital and level of indebtedness and any failure to anticipate or mitigate against such movements could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Commercial Risks - We are subject to production, supply, and other commercial risks, including counterparty credit risks, which may be exacerbated in times of economic volatility.
We face a number of commercial risks, including (i) operational disruption, such as mechanical or technological failures, disruptions due to natural disasters, geopolitical conflicts, or health crises, each of which could lead to production loss and/or increased costs, (ii) shortages in manufacturing inputs due to the loss of key suppliers or their inability to supply inputs, and (iii) risks associated with development projects (such as cost overruns and delays).
Supply or workforce shortages, fluctuations in freight costs, limitations on shipping capacity, or other disruptions in our supply chain, including sourcing materials from a single supplier or those that may occur related to wars, geopolitical tensions, natural disasters, health crises, or new regulations, could affect our ability to obtain timely delivery of raw materials, equipment, and other supplies, and in turn, adversely impact our ability to supply products to our customers. Additionally, severe weather events and other adverse effects of climate change could have negative effects on agricultural productivity, leading customers to face both availability and price challenges with agricultural commodities, which may impact the demand for our products. For example, in fiscal year 2023, adverse weather conditions in the United States reduced cattle herds, leading to a rise in meat prices, which ultimately contributed to lower meat packaging sales volumes which continued in the first half of fiscal year 2024. The potential magnitude of these commercial risks on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows could be material.
Additionally, the insolvency of, or contractual default by, any of our customers, suppliers, and financial institutions, such as banks and insurance providers, may have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition. Such risks are exacerbated in times of economic volatility, either globally or in the geographies and industries in which our customers, suppliers, or financial institutions operate. If a counterparty defaults on its payment obligation to us, we may be unable to collect the amounts owed, and some or all of these outstanding amounts may need to be written off. If a counterparty becomes insolvent or is otherwise unable to meet its obligations in connection with a particular project, we may need to find a
replacement to fulfill that party’s obligations or, alternatively, fulfill those obligations ourselves, which may be more expensive. The occurrence of any of these risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows, which may result in a competitive disadvantage.
Health Crises - Our business and operations may be adversely affected by pandemics, epidemics, or other disease outbreaks.
Our business and financial results may be negatively impacted by outbreaks of contagious diseases. Health crises have resulted in the past and could in the future result in supply chain disruptions due to the temporary closure of our facilities, the facilities of our suppliers, or other suppliers in our supply chain, the shut-down of customers’ operations, volatility in raw material costs, and labor shortages and may have broader global economic or geopolitical implications. In addition, any major animal disease outbreak could adversely impact the demand for our packaging. While we have established protocols to manage these potential impacts, the extent to which health crises may impact our business and operations is unknown and the effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows could be material.
Attracting, Motivating, and Retaining Skilled Workforce and Managing Key Transitions - If we are unable to attract, motivate, and retain our global executive management team and our other skilled workforce, and manage key transitions, we may be adversely affected.
Our continued success depends on our ability to identify, attract, motivate, develop, and retain skilled and diverse personnel in our global executive management team and our operations. We focus on our talent acquisition processes, as well as our onboarding and talent and leadership programs, to ensure that our key new hires and skilled personnel’s efficiency and effectiveness align with Amcor’s values and ways of working. In March 2024, we announced the retirement of our Chief Executive Officer Ron Delia and the appointment of Peter Konieczny as our Interim Chief Executive Officer. Our Board of Directors has launched a search process for a permanent Chief Executive Officer. Any failure to successfully transition key roles could impact our ability to execute on our strategic plans, make it difficult to meet our performance objectives, and be disruptive to our business. In addition, there is no assurance that our Board of Directors will be successful in finding a permanent Chief Executive Officer in a timely manner which may create additional uncertainty among our employees, customers, suppliers, lenders, and investors, and which could negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and share price.
We are also impacted by regional labor shortages, inflationary pressures on wages, a competitive labor market, changing demographics, and changing work-life balance expectations. While we have been successful to date in responding to regional labor shortages and maintaining plans for continuity of succession, there can be no assurance that we will be able to manage future labor shortages or recruit, develop, assimilate, motivate, and retain employees in the future who actively promote and meet the standards of our culture.
Labor Disputes - Our business could be adversely affected by labor disputes and an inability to renew collective bargaining agreements at acceptable terms.
Approximately 43% of our employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements. Although we have not experienced any significant labor disputes in recent years, we have experienced isolated work stoppages from time to time. We may experience labor disputes in the future, including protests and strikes, which could disrupt our business operations and have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations. We may also be unable to renegotiate collective bargaining agreements at acceptable terms. Renewal of collective bargaining agreements could also result in higher wages or benefits paid. Although we consider our relations with our employees to be good, we may be unable to maintain a satisfactory working relationship with our employees in the future. We may also be adversely affected by strikes and other labor disputes by the employees of our suppliers, customers, and other parties.
Physical Impacts of Climate Change - Our business is subject to physical risks related to climate change which could negatively impact our business operations and financial results.
Climate change may have a progressively adverse impact on our business and those of our customers, suppliers, and partners. Many of the geographic areas where our production is located and where we conduct business may be affected by natural disasters, including snowstorms, extreme heat, hurricanes, flooding, forest fires, deforestation, loss of biodiversity, earthquakes, and drought. Such events may have a physical impact on our facilities, workforce, inventory, suppliers, and equipment and any unplanned downtime at any of our facilities could result in unabsorbed costs that could negatively impact
our results of operations. Additionally, climate change may result in higher insurance premiums or the inability to insure certain risks.
Longer-term climate change patterns could significantly alter supplier availability or customer demand, which is especially true for suppliers and customers who rely on supply chains routinely impacted by weather. For example, agricultural supply chains could be impacted by increased levels of drought or flooding and customers in coastal regions could be impacted by frequent flooding.
Information Technology and Cybersecurity Risks
Cybersecurity Risk - The disruption of our operations or risk of loss of our sensitive business information could negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations.
Increased cyber-attacks, including computer viruses, ransomware, unauthorized access attempts, phishing, hacking, and other types of attacks pose a risk to the security and availability of our information technology systems, including those provided by third parties. Emerging artificial intelligence technologies may intensify these cybersecurity risks. In addition to traditional attacks, we face threats from sophisticated nation-state and nation-state-supported actors who engage in attacks, including advanced persistent threat intrusions. We have experienced and expect to continue to experience actual and attempted cyber-attacks on our information technology systems by threat parties of all types (including nation-states, criminal enterprises, individuals, or advanced persistent threat groups). Geopolitical turmoil, including as a result of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, evolution, scope, and sophistication of cyber-attacks, accessibility of our data by third parties through interconnected networks, and an increase in work-from-home arrangements heighten the risk of cyber-attacks. We have operational safeguards in place to detect and prevent cyber-attacks, such as employee training, monitoring of our networks and systems, ensuring strong data protection standards, and maintaining and upgrading security systems but it is virtually impossible to entirely eliminate this risk. To date, we have not experienced any significant impacts. However, our safeguards may not always be able to prevent a cyber-attack from impacting our systems and we may not be able to successfully and timely execute our business recovery protocol, which could have a material impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. Further, as cybersecurity threats continue to evolve, we may be required to make significant investments to modify or enhance our systems to improve our ability to respond and recover. In addition, our customers, suppliers, and third-party service providers are susceptible to cyber-attacks and disruption to their information technology systems, which could result in reduced demand for our products or limit our ability to supply our products.
We also maintain and have access to sensitive, confidential, or personal data or information that is subject to privacy and security laws, regulations, and customer controls. Data privacy laws and regulations continue to evolve and impose more complex and stringent requirements especially in the U.S., Europe, and China, which increases the complexity of our processes and associated costs. Despite our efforts to protect such information and to comply with privacy and data protection laws and regulations, our facilities and systems and those of our customers, suppliers, and third-party service providers may be vulnerable to security breaches, cyber-attacks, misplaced or lost data, and programming and/or user errors that could lead to the compromising of sensitive, confidential, or personal data or information, the improper use of our systems and networks, and the manipulation and destruction of data. Information system damages, disruptions, shutdowns, or compromises could result in production downtimes and operational disruptions, transaction errors, loss of customers and business opportunities, violation of privacy laws and legal liability, regulatory fines, penalties or intervention, negative publicity resulting in reputational damage, reimbursement or compensatory payments, and other costs, any of which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows, which affect may be material and result in a competitive disadvantage. Although we attempt to mitigate these risks by employing a number of measures, our systems, networks, products, and services remain potentially vulnerable to advanced and persistent threats.
Information Technology - A failure or disruption in our information technology systems could disrupt our operations, compromise customer, employee, supplier, and other data, and could negatively affect our business.
We rely on the successful and uninterrupted functioning of our information technology and control systems to securely manage operations and various business functions, and on various technologies to process, store, and report information about our business, and to interact with customers, suppliers, and employees around the world. In addition, our information systems rely on internal information technology systems and third-party systems, including cloud solutions, which require different security measures. These measures cover technical changes to our network security, organization, and governance changes as well as alignment of third-party suppliers on market standards. As with all information technology systems, our systems may be susceptible to damage, disruption, information loss, or shutdown due to a variety of factors including power outages, failures during the process of upgrading or replacing software, hardware failures, cyber-attacks (e.g., phishing, ransomware, computer viruses), natural disasters, telecommunications failures, user errors, unauthorized access, and malicious or accidental
destruction, or catastrophic events. Infrastructure changes, including migration to new data centers or cloud solutions, updates or patches to our core software infrastructure, and changes in our data processing pipelines could lead to significant business disruptions due to human error in our deployment processes or third-party software errors. While we have established and regularly test our business disaster recovery plan, there is no guarantee that it will resolve issues resulting from those disruptions in a timely manner. We may suffer material adverse effects on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.
Financial Risks
Indebtedness and Credit Rating - A significant increase in our indebtedness or a downgrade in our credit rating could reduce our operating flexibility, increase our borrowing costs, and negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations.
As of June 30, 2024, we had $6.7 billion of debt outstanding, including borrowings of $1.4 billion under revolving credit facilities in an aggregate principal amount of $3.8 billion, and we are not restricted in incurring, and may incur, additional indebtedness in the future. Increased indebtedness could have significant consequences for our business and any investment in our securities, including increasing our vulnerability to adverse economic, industry or competitive developments; requiring more of our cash flows from operations to be used to pay principal and interest on our indebtedness, thus limiting our cash flows available to fund our operations, capital expenditures and other future business opportunities or the return of cash to our shareholders. Our ability to pay interest and repay the principal of our indebtedness is dependent on our ability to generate sufficient cash flows, which is dependent, in part, on prevailing economic and competitive conditions and certain legislative, regulatory, and other factors beyond our control. If we are unable to maintain sufficient cash flows from operations to meet our debt commitments, and related covenants, our financial condition and results of operations are likely to be materially adversely impacted. Additionally, conditions in financial markets could affect financial institutions with which we have relationships and could result in adverse effects on our ability to utilize fully our committed borrowing facilities. For example, a lender under the senior secured credit facilities may be unwilling or unable to fund a borrowing request, and we may not be able to replace such lender.
We use cash provided by operations, commercial paper issuances, bank term loans, committed and uncommitted revolving credit facilities, asset divestitures, debt issuances, and equity issuances to meet our funding needs. Credit rating agencies rate our debt securities on many factors, including our financial results, their view of the general outlook for our industry, and their view of the general outlook for the global economy. Any significant additional indebtedness would likely negatively affect the credit ratings of our debt. Actions taken by the rating agencies include maintaining, upgrading, or downgrading the current rating or assigning a negative outlook, as occurred in May 2024 when one rating agency lowered its outlook from “stable” to “negative”, for a possible future downgrade. If rating agencies downgrade our credit rating, place us on a watch list, or if there are adverse market conditions, including disruptions in the commercial paper market, the impacts could include reduced access to commercial paper, credit, and capital markets, an increase in the cost of our borrowings or the fees associated with our bank credit facilities, or an increase in the credit spread incurred when issuing debt in the capital markets. While we have not experienced a significant financial impact from the negative outlook assigned by one credit rating agency, there is no assurance it will not have a significant impact in the future. Our desire to maintain the Company's investment grade rating may also cause us to take certain actions designed to improve our cash flow, including sale of assets, suspension or reduction of our dividend, or share buybacks, and reductions in capital expenditures and working capital. Refer to Item 7. "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," "Liquidity and Capital Resources," of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on our credit rating profile.
In addition, a significant number of our operating subsidiaries are not guarantors of our indebtedness. In the event that any non-guarantor subsidiary becomes insolvent, liquidates, reorganizes, dissolves, or otherwise winds up, the assets of such subsidiary will be used to satisfy the claims of its creditors. The non-guarantor subsidiaries have no direct obligations in respect of our indebtedness, and therefore, a direct claim against any non-guarantor subsidiary and any claims to enforce payment on our indebtedness will be structurally subordinated to all of the claims of the creditors of our non-guarantor subsidiaries.
Interest Rates - Rising interest rates increase our borrowing costs on our variable rate indebtedness and could have other negative impacts.
As of June 30, 2024, approximately 30% of our indebtedness was subject to variable interest rates. When interest rates increase, our debt service obligations on our variable rate indebtedness increase even when the amount borrowed remains the same. In order to dampen inflation, central banks around the world, including the U.S. Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank, have continued to maintain higher interest rates in fiscal year 2024 and this directly impacted and will continue to impact the amount of interest we pay on our variable rate obligations. Furthermore, sustained or continued increases in interest
rates could increase the costs of obtaining new debt and refinancing existing fixed rate debt as well as variable rate indebtedness, negatively impacting our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flow.
We manage exposure to interest rates by maintaining a mixture of fixed-rate and variable-rate debt, monitoring global interest rates, and, where appropriate, entering into various derivative instruments. However, if our derivative instruments are not effective in mitigating our interest rate risk, if we are under-hedged, or if a hedge provider defaults on their obligations under hedging arrangements, it could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
In addition, continued increases in interest rates could reduce the attractiveness of cash management programs we use, such as customer and supply chain finance programs, which could negatively impact our cash and working capital and increase our borrowings. Refer to Note 13, "Debt," of the notes to consolidated financial statements for information about our variable rate borrowings. Also refer to "Item 7A. - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk," including interest rate risk, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Exchange Rates - We are exposed to foreign exchange rate risk.
We are subject to foreign exchange rate risk, both transactional and translational, which may negatively affect our reported cash flow, financial condition, and results of operations. Transactional foreign exchange exposures are associated with transactions in currencies other than the entity's functional currency. Translational foreign exchange exposures result from exchange rate fluctuations in the conversion of entity functional currencies to U.S. dollars, our reporting currency, and may affect the reported value of our assets and liabilities and our income and expenses. In particular, our translational exposure may be impacted by movements in the exchange rate between the Euro, the Brazilian Real, the Swiss Franc, the Chinese Yuan, and the United Kingdom Pound Sterling against the U.S. dollar. Refer to "Item 7A. - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk," including foreign exchange risk, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Exchange rates between transactional currencies may change rapidly due to a variety of factors. In addition, we have recognized foreign exchange losses related to the currency devaluation in Argentina and its designation as a highly inflationary economy under U.S. GAAP. For example, in December 2023, Argentina's government devalued the Argentine peso relative to the U.S. dollar by approximately 55% following the election of a new President which adversely impacted the results and operations of our businesses in Argentina. Refer to Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," of the notes to consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding highly inflationary accounting.
To the extent currency devaluation occurs across our business, we are likely to experience a lag in the timing to pass through U.S. dollar-denominated input costs across our business, which would adversely impact our margins and profitability. As such, we may be exposed to future exchange rate fluctuations, and such fluctuations could have a material adverse effect on our reported cash flow, financial condition, and results of operations. Our Board of Directors has approved a hedging policy to limit and manage the risk of such foreign exchange fluctuations, however, if our hedges are not effective in mitigating our foreign currency risks, if we are under-hedged, or if a hedge provider defaults on their obligations under hedging arrangements, it could have a material adverse impact on our reported cash flow, financial condition, and results of operations.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - A significant write-down of goodwill and/or other intangible assets would have a material adverse effect on our reported results of operations and financial position.
As of June 30, 2024, we had $6.7 billion of goodwill and other intangible assets. We review our goodwill balance for impairment at least once a year and whenever events or a change in circumstances indicate that an impairment may have occurred using the appropriate business valuation methods in accordance with current accounting standards. Future changes in the cost of capital, market multiples, market growth, expected cash flows, or other factors may cause our goodwill and/or other intangible assets to be impaired, resulting in a non-cash charge in our results of operations to reduce the value of these assets to their fair value. Furthermore, if we make changes to our business strategy or if external conditions adversely affect our business operations, we could be required to record an impairment charge for goodwill and/or intangible assets, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. We have identified the valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets as a critical accounting estimate. Refer to "Item 7. - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," "Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments," of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Internal Controls - If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results which may adversely affect investor confidence and adversely impact our stock price.
We have been subject to the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act ("SOX") since fiscal year 2020. Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls over financial reporting and while they meet the standards set forth in SOX, our internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements, as any controls or procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance against misstatement. If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, we could be subject to regulatory scrutiny, civil or criminal penalties, or litigation. In addition, failure to maintain adequate internal controls could result in financial statements that do not accurately reflect our financial condition, and we may be required to restate previously published financial information, which could lead to a material adverse effect on our operations, loss of investor confidence, and a negative impact on the trading price of our common stock.
Insurance - Our insurance policies, including our use of a captive insurance company, may not provide adequate protection against all of the risks we face.
We seek protection from a number of our key operational risk exposures through the purchase of insurance. A significant portion of our insurance is placed in the insurance market with third-party reinsurers. Our policies with such third-party reinsurers cover a variety of risk exposures, including property damage and business interruption. Although we believe the coverage provided by such policies is consistent with industry practice, the insurance coverage does not insure us against all risks in our operations or all claims we may receive and there is no guarantee that any claims made under such policies will ultimately be paid or that we will be able to maintain such insurance at acceptable premium cost levels in the future.
Additionally, we retain a portion of our insurable risk through a captive insurance company, Amcor Insurances Pte. Ltd., which is located in Singapore. Our captive insurance company collects annual premiums from our business groups and assumes specific risks relating to various risk exposures, including property damage. The captive insurance company may be required to make payments for insurance claims that exceed the captive's reserves, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Legal and Compliance Risks
Intellectual Property - Our inability to defend our intellectual property rights or intellectual property infringement claims against us could have an adverse impact on our ability to compete effectively.
Our ability to compete effectively depends, in part, on our ability to protect and maintain the proprietary nature of our owned and licensed intellectual property. We own a number of patents on our products, aspects of our products, methods of use and/or methods of manufacturing, and we own, or have licenses to use, the material trademark and trade name rights used in connection with the packaging, marketing and distribution of our major products. We also rely on trade secrets, know-how, and other unpatented proprietary technology. If we are unable to detect the infringement of our intellectual property or to enforce our intellectual property rights, our competitive position may suffer. The unauthorized use of our intellectual property by someone else could reduce certain of our competitive advantages, cause us to lose sales, or otherwise harm our business.
We attempt to protect and restrict access to our intellectual property and proprietary information by relying on the patent, trademark, copyright, and trade secret laws of the countries in which we operate, as well as non-disclosure agreements. However, it may be possible for a third-party to obtain our information without authorization, independently develop similar technologies, or breach a non-disclosure agreement entered into with us. Our pending patent applications and our pending trademark registration applications may not be allowed, or competitors may challenge the validity or scope of our patents or trademarks. Our competitors might avoid infringement by designing around our intellectual property rights or by developing non-infringing competing technologies. In addition, our patents, trademarks, and other intellectual property rights may not provide us with a significant competitive advantage. Furthermore, many of the countries in which we operate, particularly emerging markets, do not have intellectual property laws that protect proprietary rights as fully as the laws of more developed jurisdictions, such as the United States and the European Union. The costs associated with protecting our intellectual property rights could also adversely impact our business.
Similarly, while we have not received any significant claims from third parties suggesting that we may be infringing, directly or indirectly, on their intellectual property rights, there can be no assurance that we will not receive such claims in the future. If we were held liable for a claim of infringement, we could be required to pay damages, obtain licenses, or cease making, using or selling certain products or technologies. Intellectual property litigation, which could result in substantial costs to us and divert the attention of management, may be necessary to protect our trade secrets or proprietary technology or for us to defend against claimed infringement of the rights of others and to determine the scope and validity of others’ proprietary rights. We may not prevail in any such litigation, and if we are unsuccessful, we may not be able to obtain any necessary
licenses on reasonable terms or at all. Failure to protect our patents, trademarks, and other intellectual property rights could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Litigation - Litigation, including product liability claims and litigation related to Environmental, Social and Governance ("ESG") impacts, or regulatory developments could adversely affect our business operations and financial performance.
We are, and in the future will likely become, involved in lawsuits, regulatory inquiries, and governmental and other legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business, including product liability claims, which may lead to financial or reputational damages. We may be exposed to litigation related to the environmental, health, and human rights impacts of our operations, products, and sourcing activities, as well as our external communications related to such topics. Given our global footprint, we are exposed to uncertainty regarding the regulatory environment. The timing of the final resolutions to lawsuits, regulatory actions and inquiries, and governmental and other legal proceedings is typically uncertain. Additionally, the possible outcomes of, or resolutions to, these proceedings could include adverse judgments or settlements, either of which could require substantial payments.
ESG Practices - Increasing scrutiny and changing expectations from investors, customers, suppliers, and governments with respect to our ESG practices and commitments may impose additional costs on us or expose us to additional risks.
There is increased scrutiny from investors, customers, suppliers, governments, and other stakeholders on corporate ESG practices. Our commitment to sustainability and ESG practices remains at the core of our business, and we have established related goals and targets. For example, we have made a public commitment to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 and have set interim emissions targets which have been approved by the Science Based Targets initiative ("SBTi"). However, our ESG practices may not meet the standards of all of our stakeholders, and advocacy groups may campaign for further changes. Many of our large, global customers are also committing to long-term targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions within their supply chains. If we are unable to support our customers in achieving these reductions, customers may seek out competitors who are better able to support such reductions. A failure, or perceived failure, to respond to expectations of all parties, including with meeting our own climate-related and other ESG target ambitions, could cause harm to our business and reputation and have a negative impact on the trading price of our common stock. Moreover, not all of our competitors establish, or will be legally required to establish, climate or other ESG sustainability targets and goals at levels comparable to ours, which could result in competitors having lower supply chain, operating or compliance costs as well as reduced reputational and legal risks associated with not meeting such goals.
ESG Regulations - Changing ESG government regulations , including climate-related rules, may adversely affect our company.
Numerous ESG-related legislative and regulatory initiatives, including those related to our products, operations, and sourcing activities, have been passed and are likely to continue to be introduced in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. These new ESG-related regulations are evolving rapidly, and the regulations being enacted are often not harmonized across the jurisdictions in which we operate, increasing the complexity and cost of compliance and exposing us to increased legal risks associated with compliance. Our failure to comply with ESG regulatory reporting requirements could result in fines, loss of reputation, and other negative impacts which could be material and the cost of compliance may negatively impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Additionally, increased regulation of emissions linked to climate change, including greenhouse gas emissions and other climate-related regulations, could potentially increase the cost of our operations due to increased costs of compliance (which may not be recoverable through adjustment of prices), increased cost of fossil fuel-based inputs and increased cost of energy intensive raw material inputs. We could also incur additional compliance costs for monitoring and reporting emissions and for maintaining permits. However, any such changes are uncertain, and we cannot predict the amount of additional capital expenses or operating expenses that would be necessary for compliance.
Increased environmental legislation or regulation, including regulations related to extended producer responsibility ("EPR"), could result in higher costs for us in the form of higher raw material costs, increased energy and freight costs, new taxes on packaging products which could reduce demand for our products, and result in increased litigation. It is possible that certain materials might cease to be permitted to be used in our processes. Government bans of, or restrictions on, certain materials or packaging formats may close off markets to Amcor's business. For example, governmental authorities in the U.S., Europe and in other countries have become increasingly focused on the contamination of soil, air, and water exacerbated by the use of non-degradable chemicals, including per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances ("PFAS"). Various U.S. states have implemented, or are in the process of implementing, laws to restrict the use of PFAS in various applications, including in
packaging materials. While we believe we are in compliance with existing regulations, the cost of compliance in the future to modify our products may be significant and adversely impact our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
Increased social legislation or regulation, including requirements related to human rights due diligence and modern slavery reporting, could result in increased costs of compliance resulting from enhanced efforts to assess and remediate potential human rights risk across our global operations and supply chain. Gaps in our ability to identify potential human rights violations could lead to negative publicity or loss of business.
We are a manufacturing entity that utilizes petrochemical-based raw materials to produce many of our products. Plastic bans or mandates to reduce plastic use may require shifts to more costly alternative materials or additional investment in the redesign of existing products and these costs might not be able to be passed on to our customers. Mandates to use certain types of materials, such as post-consumer recycled ("PCR") content, may lead to supply shortages and higher prices for those materials as current recycling rates may be insufficient to meet increased demand for PCR within and beyond the packaging industry.
Additionally, a sizable portion of our business comes from healthcare packaging and food and beverage packaging, both highly regulated markets. Therefore, we are also subject to certain local and international standards related to such products. Compliance with these laws and regulations can require a significant expenditure of financial and employee resources. A failure to comply with these regulatory requirements could adversely affect our reputation, our results of operations or result in, among other things, litigation, revocation of required licenses, internal investigations, governmental investigations or proceedings, administrative enforcement actions, fines, and civil and criminal liability.
Operational EHS Risks - We are subject to costs and liabilities related to environment, health and safety ("EHS") laws and regulations, as well as changes in the global climate, that could adversely affect our business.
We are required to comply with EHS laws, rules, and regulations in each of the countries in which we operate and do business. Federal, state, provincial, and local laws and requirements pertaining to workplace health and safety conditions are significant factors in our business to ensure our people at all locations are able to go home safely every day. Changes to these laws and requirements may result in additional costs and actions across the affected country and/or region. Various government agencies may promulgate new or modified legislation and implement special emphasis programs and enforcement actions that could impact specific Amcor operations covered by the respective programs.
Federal, state, provincial, foreign, and local environmental requirements relating to air, soil, and water quality, handling, discharge, storage, and disposal of a variety of substances, are also significant factors in our business, and changes to such requirements generally result in an increase to our costs of operations. We may be found to have environmental liability for the costs of remediating soil or water that is, or was, contaminated by us or a third-party at various facilities we own, used, or operate (including facilities that may be acquired by us in the future). For instance, an increase in legislation with respect to litter related to plastic packaging or related recycling programs may cause legislators in some countries and regions in which our products are sold to consider banning or limiting certain packaging formats or materials or applying taxes or fees on some types of our products. Legal proceedings may result in the imposition of fines or penalties, as well as mandated remediation programs, that require substantial, and in some instances, unplanned capital expenditures.
We have incurred in the past and may incur in the future, fines, penalties, and legal costs relating to environmental matters, and costs relating to the damage of natural resources, lost property values, and toxic tort claims. Provisions are raised when it is considered probable that we have some liability, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. However, because the extent of potential environmental damage and the extent of our liability for such damage, is usually difficult to assess and may only be ascertained over a long period of time, our actual liability in such cases may end up being substantially higher than the currently provisioned amount. Accordingly, additional charges could be incurred that would have an adverse effect on our operating results and financial position, which may be material.
Tax Law Changes - Changes in tax laws or changes in our geographic mix of earnings could have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to income and other taxes in the many jurisdictions in which we operate. Tax laws and regulations are complex and the determination of our global provision for income taxes and current and deferred tax assets and liabilities requires judgment and estimation. We are subject to routine examinations of our income tax returns, and tax authorities may disagree with our tax positions and assess additional tax. Our future income taxes could also be negatively impacted by our mix of earnings in the jurisdictions in which we operate being different than anticipated given differences in statutory tax rates in the countries in which we operate. In addition, we may be adversely impacted by certain tax policy efforts, including any tax law
changes resulting from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development ("OECD") and the G20's inclusive framework on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting ("BEPS"), which has proposed a 15% global minimum tax applied on a country-by-country basis (the "Pillar Two rule"), and many countries (including countries in which we operate) have enacted or begun the process of enacting laws adopting the Pillar Two rule. The first component of the Pillar Two rule applies to us from July 1, 2024. While we do not currently expect the Pillar Two rule to have a material impact on our effective tax rate, our analysis is ongoing as the OECD continues to release guidance and as countries begin implementing legislation. Future developments could change our current assessment, and it is possible that the Pillar Two rule could adversely impact our tax rate and subsequent tax expense.
Risks Relating to Being a Jersey, Channel Islands Company Listing Ordinary Shares
Our ordinary shares are issued under the laws of Jersey, Channel Islands, which may not provide the level of legal certainty and transparency afforded by incorporation in a U.S. jurisdiction and which differ in some respects to the laws applicable to U.S. corporations.
We are organized under the laws of Jersey, Channel Islands, a British crown dependency that is an island located off the coast of Normandy, France. Jersey is not a member of the European Union. Jersey, Channel Islands legislation regarding companies is largely based on English corporate law principles. The rights of holders of our ordinary shares are governed by Jersey law, including the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991, as amended, and by the Amcor Articles of Association, as may be amended from time to time. These rights differ in some respects from the rights of other shareholders in corporations incorporated in the United States. Further, there can be no assurance that the laws of Jersey, Channel Islands, will not change in the future or that they will serve to protect investors in a similar fashion afforded under corporate law principles in the U.S., which could adversely affect the rights of investors.
U.S. shareholders may not be able to enforce civil liabilities against us.
A significant portion of our assets is located outside of the United States and several of our directors and officers are citizens or residents of jurisdictions outside of the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to successfully serve a claim within the United States upon those non-U.S. directors and officers, or to enforce judgments realized in the United States.
Judgments of U.S. courts may not be directly enforceable outside of the U.S. and the enforcement of judgments of U.S. courts outside of the U.S., including those in Australia and Jersey, may be subject to limitations. Investors may also have difficulties pursuing an original action brought in a court in a jurisdiction outside the U.S., including Australia and Jersey, for liabilities under the securities laws of the U.S. Additionally, our Articles of Association provide that while the Royal Court of Jersey will have non-exclusive jurisdiction over actions brought against us, the Royal Court of Jersey will be the sole and exclusive forum for derivative shareholder actions, actions for breach of fiduciary duty by our directors and officers, actions arising out of Companies (Jersey) Law 1991, as amended, or actions asserting a claim against our directors or officers governed by the internal affairs doctrine. The exclusive forum provision would not prevent derivative shareholder actions based on claims arising under U.S. federal securities laws from being raised in a U.S. court and would not prevent a U.S. court from asserting jurisdiction over such claims. However, there is uncertainty whether a U.S. or Jersey court would enforce the exclusive forum provision for actions claiming breach of fiduciary duty and other claims.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Item 1B. - Unresolved Staff Comments
None.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Item 2. - Properties
We consider our plants and other physical properties, whether owned or leased, to be suitable, adequate, and of sufficient productive capacity to meet the requirements of our business. Our manufacturing plants operate at varying levels of
utilization depending on the type of operation and market conditions. The breakdown of our significant manufacturing and support facilities at June 30, 2024, was as follows:
Flexibles Segment
This segment has 160 significant manufacturing and support facilities located in 36 countries, of which 111 are owned directly by us and 49 are leased from outside parties. Initial building lease terms typically provide for minimum terms in a range of two to 36 years and have one or more renewal options.
Rigid Packaging Segment
This segment has 52 significant manufacturing and support facilities located in 11 countries, of which 12 are owned directly by us and 40 are leased from outside parties. Initial building lease terms typically provide for minimum terms in a range of two to 20 years and have one or more renewal options.
Corporate and General
Our primary executive offices are located in Zurich, Switzerland.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Item 3. - Legal Proceedings
Refer to Note 19, "Contingencies and Legal Proceedings," of the notes to consolidated financial statements for information about legal proceedings.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
Item 4. - Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
Item 5. - Market for Registrant's Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Our ordinary shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") under the symbol AMCR, and our CHESS Depositary Instruments ("CDIs") are traded on the Australian Securities Exchange (the "ASX") under the symbol AMC. As of June 30, 2024, there were 96,121 registered holders of record of our ordinary shares and CDIs.
Share Repurchases
We did not repurchase shares during the three months ended June 30, 2024. The table below is presented in millions, except number of shares, which are reflected in thousands, and per share amounts, which are expressed in U.S. dollars:
Period Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid Per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Programs (1)
April 1 - 30, 2024 - $ - - $ 39
May 1 - 31, 2024 - - - 39
June 1 - 30, 2024 - - - 39
Total - $ - -
(1)On February 7, 2023, our Board of Directors approved an on market share buyback of up to $100 million of ordinary shares and/or CDIs during the following twelve months. On February 6, 2024, our Board of Directors extended the approval for the remaining $39 million on market share buyback of ordinary shares and/or CDIs of the $100 million buyback for an additional twelve months. The timing, volume, and nature of share repurchases may be amended, suspended, or discontinued at any time.
Shareholder Return Performance
The information under this caption "Shareholder Return Performance" in this Item 5 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is not deemed to be "soliciting material" or to be "filed" with the SEC or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C under the Exchange Act, or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act and will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent we specifically incorporate it by reference into such a filing.
The line graph below illustrates our cumulative total shareholder return on our ordinary shares as compared with the cumulative total return of our Peer Group, the S&P 500 Index, the S&P 500 Materials Index, and the ASX 200 Index for the period beginning June 30, 2019. The graph assumes $100 was invested on June 30, 2019, and that all dividends were reinvested.
June 30, 2019 June 30, 2020 June 30, 2021 June 30, 2022 June 30, 2023 June 30, 2024
Amcor plc $ 100.00 $ 93.10 $ 108.81 $ 122.73 $ 102.87 $ 106.27
S&P 500 $ 100.00 $ 107.51 $ 151.36 $ 135.29 $ 161.80 $ 201.54
S&P 500 Materials $ 100.00 $ 98.89 $ 146.87 $ 134.05 $ 154.32 $ 167.73
S&P/ASX 200 $ 100.00 $ 91.97 $ 129.13 $ 112.88 $ 127.00 $ 144.25
Peer Group $ 100.00 $ 104.41 $ 124.63 $ 126.19 $ 133.53 $ 130.59
The Peer Group consists of Ansell Limited, AptarGroup, Inc., Avery Dennison Corporation, Ball Corporation, Berry Global Group, Inc., Brambles Limited, Coles Group Limited, Conagra Brands, Inc., Crown Holdings, Inc., Danone SA, General Mills, Inc., Graphic Packaging Holding Company, Huhtamäki Oyj, International Paper Company, Johnson & Johnson, The Kraft Heinz Company, Mondelez International, Inc., Nestlé S.A., O-I Glass, Inc., Orora Limited, Pepsico, Inc., The Procter & Gamble Company, Sealed Air Corporation, Silgan Holdings Inc., Sonoco Products Company, Treasury Wine Estates Limited, Unilever PLC, Wesfarmers Limited, WestRock Company, and Woolworths Group Limited.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Item 6. [Reserved]

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
Item 7. - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Management’s Discussion and Analysis should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The following is a discussion and analysis of changes in the results of operations for fiscal year 2024 compared to fiscal year 2023. A discussion and analysis regarding our results of operations for fiscal year 2023, compared to fiscal year 2022 that are not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K can be found in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, filed with the SEC on August 17, 2023 and incorporated by reference.
Two Year Review of Results
(in millions) 2024 2023
Net sales $ 13,640 100.0 % $ 14,694 100.0 %
Cost of sales (10,928) (80.1) (11,969) (81.5)
Gross profit 2,712 19.9 2,725 18.5
Operating expenses:
Selling, general, and administrative expenses (1,260) (9.2) (1,246) (8.5)
Research and development expenses (106) (0.8) (101) (0.7)
Restructuring, impairment, and other related activities, net (97) (0.7) 104 0.7
Other income/(expenses), net (35) (0.3) 26 0.2
Operating income 1,214 8.9 1,508 10.3
Interest income 38 0.3 31 0.2
Interest expense (348) (2.6) (290) (2.0)
Other non-operating income, net 3 - 2 -
Income before income taxes and equity in loss of affiliated companies 907 6.6 1,251 8.5
Income tax expense (163) (1.2) (193) (1.3)
Equity in loss of affiliated companies, net of tax (4) - - -
Net income $ 740 5.4 % $ 1,058 7.2 %
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (10) (0.1) (10) (0.1)
Net income attributable to Amcor plc $ 730 5.4 % $ 1,048 7.1 %
Overview
Amcor is a global leader in developing and producing responsible packaging solutions across a variety of materials for food, beverage, pharmaceutical, medical, home and personal-care, and other products. We work with leading companies around the world to protect products, differentiate brands, and improve supply chains. We offer a range of innovative, differentiating flexible and rigid packaging, specialty cartons, closures and services. We are focused on making packaging that is increasingly recyclable, reusable, lighter weight, and made using an increasing amount of recycled content. In fiscal year 2024, 41,000 Amcor people generated $13.6 billion in annual sales from operations that span 212 locations in 40 countries.
Significant Developments Affecting the Periods Presented
Economic and Market Conditions
After experiencing more challenging market conditions in calendar year 2023 which impacted both fiscal year 2023 and fiscal year 2024 with softer consumer and customer demand and increased destocking, customer volume trajectory sequentially improved in the second half of fiscal year 2024 with a return to volume growth in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024. The improvement in the second half of fiscal year 2024 is attributed primarily to the abatement of destocking across many end markets and higher customer demand in parts of our business. While we continue to be impacted by softer consumer demand and customer order volatility in certain markets, and higher inflation in certain areas, such as labor costs, we have flexed our cost base to adjust to market conditions. Higher inflation, especially in Europe and the United States over the last two fiscal years, has led central banks to rapidly raise interest rates to dampen inflation which has resulted in higher interest expense on our variable rate debt, particularly on U.S. dollar and Euro denominated debt.
The underlying causes for the market volatility experienced can be attributed to a variety of factors, such as geopolitical tension and conflicts, higher inflation in many economies impacting consumption and consumer demand, and customer destocking following a period of supply chain constraints. In this context, we have remained focused on taking price and cost actions to offset inflation, aligning our cost base with market dynamics, and managing working capital.
Russia-Ukraine Conflict / 2023 Restructuring Plan
Russia's invasion of Ukraine that began in February 2022 continues as of the date of the filing of this annual report. In advance of the invasion, we proactively suspended operations at our small manufacturing site in Ukraine. We also operated three manufacturing facilities in Russia ("Russian business") until their sale on December 23, 2022, for net cash proceeds of $365 million. In addition, we repatriated approximately $65 million in cash held in Russia as part of the transaction. We recorded a pre-tax net gain on sale of $215 million. The carrying value of the Russian business had previously been impaired by $90 million in the quarter ended June 30, 2022.
On February 7, 2023, we announced that we expect to invest $110 million to $130 million of the sale proceeds from the Russian business in various cost savings initiatives to partly offset divested earnings from the Russian business (the "2023 Restructuring Plan" or the "Plan"). We expect total Plan cash and non-cash net expenses to total approximately $220 million, of which approximately $130 million is expected to result in net cash expenditures. Of the remaining cash received from the sale of the Russian business, we allocated $100 million to repurchase shares and the remainder was used to reduce debt. From the initiation of the Plan through June 30, 2024, we have incurred $82 million in employee related expenses, $31 million in fixed asset related expenses, $47 million in other restructuring expenses, and $21 million in restructuring related expenses. To date, the Plan has resulted in approximately $70 million of net cash outflows.
Management initiated other restructuring actions in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2022 to help mitigate the impact of the Russian sale. Management expects to realize an annualized pre-tax benefit of approximately $50 million from structural cost reduction actions taken as a result of all Russia related restructuring by the end of fiscal year 2025.
For further information, refer to Note 4, "Restructuring, Impairment, and Other Related Activities, Net," and Note 6, "Restructuring" of "Part II, Item 8, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements."
Highly Inflationary Accounting
We have subsidiaries in Argentina that historically had a functional currency of the Argentine Peso. As of June 30, 2018, the Argentine economy was designated as highly inflationary for accounting purposes. Accordingly, beginning July 1, 2018, we began reporting the financial results of our Argentine subsidiaries with a functional currency of the Argentine Peso at the functional currency of the parent, which is the U.S. dollar. Following the governmental election in the second quarter of fiscal year 2024, Argentina devalued the Argentine Peso by approximately 55% against the U.S. dollar and the Argentine peso has since been relatively stable against the U.S. dollar. Highly inflationary accounting resulted in a negative impact of $53 million and $24 million in foreign currency transaction losses that were reflected in the consolidated statements of income for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively. Our operations in Argentina represented approximately 2% of our consolidated net sales and annual adjusted earnings before interest and tax in the last two fiscal years.
Results of Operations
Consolidated Results of Operations
($ in millions, except per share data) 2024 2023
Net sales $ 13,640 $ 14,694
Operating income 1,214 1,508
Operating income as a percentage of net sales 8.9 % 10.3 %
Net income attributable to Amcor plc $ 730 $ 1,048
Diluted Earnings Per Share $ 0.505 $ 0.705
Net sales decreased by $1,054 million, or 7%, in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023. Excluding the positive currency impacts of $171 million, the negative impacts from the pass-through of lower raw material costs of $220 million, and the negative impact from the disposed Russian business of $156 million, the remaining decrease in net sales for fiscal year 2024 was $849 million, or 6%, reflecting 5% lower sales volumes and an unfavorable price/mix impact of 1%.
Net income attributable to Amcor plc decreased by $318 million, or 30%, in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023. This is mainly due to the non-recurrence of the pre-tax net gain of $215 million on disposal of the Russian business in fiscal year 2023, a decrease in other income/(expenses), net of $61 million, primarily from the adverse impact on monetary balances from highly inflationary accounting in Argentina, and higher net interest expense of $51 million, offset by a decrease in income tax expense of $30 million.
Diluted earnings per share ("Diluted EPS") decreased by $0.200, or 28%, in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023, with the net income attributable to ordinary shareholders of Amcor plc decreasing by 30% due to the above items and the diluted weighted-average number of shares outstanding decreasing by 2% in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023. The decrease in the diluted weighted-average number of shares outstanding was largely due to the repurchase of shares under previously announced share buyback programs.
Segment Results of Operations
Flexibles Segment
($ in millions) 2024 2023
Net sales $ 10,332 $ 11,154
Adjusted EBIT 1,395 1,429
Adjusted EBIT as a percentage of net sales 13.5 % 12.8 %
Net sales decreased by $822 million, or 7%, in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023. Excluding the positive currency impacts of $141 million, the negative impacts from the pass-through of lower raw material costs of approximately $180 million, and the negative impact from the disposed Russian business of $156 million, the remaining variation in net sales for fiscal year 2024 was a decrease of approximately $625 million, or 6%. This stems from unfavorable sales volumes of 4%, mainly reflecting lower market and customer demand and destocking most notably within the first half of the year, and unfavorable price/mix impact of 2%.
Adjusted earnings before interest and tax ("Adjusted EBIT") decreased by $34 million, or 2% in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023. Excluding positive currency impacts of $15 million and the negative net impact from the disposed Russian business of $50 million, the remaining variation in Adjusted EBIT for fiscal year 2024 was an increase of $1 million, reflecting the net positive effect of 7% from favorable operating cost performance more than offsetting unfavorable volumes, but largely offset by net negative price/mix of 7%.
Rigid Packaging Segment
($ in millions) 2024 2023
Net sales $ 3,308 $ 3,540
Adjusted EBIT 259 265
Adjusted EBIT as a percentage of net sales 7.8 % 7.5 %
Net sales decreased by $232 million, or 7%, in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023. Excluding the positive currency impacts of $30 million and the negative impact from the pass-through of lower raw material costs of approximately $40 million, the remaining variation in net sales for fiscal year 2024 was a decrease of approximately $225 million, or 6%, reflecting unfavorable volumes of 8%, partly offset by price/mix benefits of approximately 2%.
Adjusted EBIT decreased by $6 million, or 2%, in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023. Excluding the positive currency impacts of $3 million, the remaining variation in adjusted EBIT for fiscal year 2024 was a decrease of $9 million, or 4%, reflecting the net negative effect of 13% from unfavorable volumes and favorable operating cost performance, partly offset by favorable price/mix of 9%.
Consolidated Gross Profit
($ in millions) 2024 2023
Gross profit $ 2,712 $ 2,725
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales 19.9 % 18.5 %
Gross profit decreased by $13 million in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by the impact of the disposed Russian business and lower volumes. Gross profit as a percentage of sales increased to 19.9% for fiscal year 2024, driven by an improvement in operating cost performance.
Consolidated Selling, General, and Administrative ("SG&A") Expenses
($ in millions) 2024 2023
SG&A expenses $ (1,260) $ (1,246)
SG&A expenses as a percentage of net sales (9.2) % (8.5) %
SG&A increased by $14 million, or 1%, in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023. The increase was primarily driven by the unfavorable impact of foreign currency translation of $15 million.
Consolidated Restructuring, Impairment and Other Related Activities, Net
($ in millions) 2024 2023
Restructuring, impairment, and other related activities, net $ (97) $ 104
Restructuring, impairment, and other related activities, net, as a percentage of net sales (0.7) % 0.7 %
Restructuring, impairment, and other related activities, net changed by $201 million, or 193%, in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023. The change was mainly a result of a pre-tax net gain of $215 million on the disposal of the Russian business in fiscal year 2023, partially offset by a decrease in restructuring and related expenses, net, of $14 million in the current year, primarily related to the 2023 Restructuring Plan.
Consolidated Other Income/(Expenses), Net
($ in millions) 2024 2023
Other income/(expenses), net $ (35) $ 26
Other income/(expenses), net as a percentage of net sales (0.3) % 0.2 %
Other income/(expenses), net changed by $61 million, in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023, primarily from the $53 million adverse impact on monetary balances from highly inflationary accounting in Argentina.
Consolidated Interest Income
($ in millions) 2024 2023
Interest income $ 38 $ 31
Interest income as a percentage of net sales 0.3 % 0.2 %
Interest income increased by $7 million, or 23%, in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023, driven by increased interest rates on cash balances.
Consolidated Interest Expense
($ in millions) 2024 2023
Interest expense $ (348) $ (290)
Interest expense as a percentage of net sales (2.6) % (2.0) %
Interest expense increased by $58 million, or 20%, in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023, primarily driven by increased interest rates on U.S. dollar and Euro denominated variable rate debt.
Consolidated Income Tax Expense
($ in millions) 2024 2023
Income tax expense $ (163) $ (193)
Effective tax rate 18.0 % 15.4 %
Income tax expense decreased by $30 million, or 16%, in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023, primarily due to lower earnings. The higher effective tax rate for fiscal year 2024 is largely attributable to the non-taxable gain on the disposal of the Russian business in the comparative period.
Presentation of Non-GAAP Information
This Annual Report on Form 10-K refers to non-GAAP financial measures: adjusted earnings before interest and taxes ("Adjusted EBIT"), earnings before interest and tax ("EBIT"), adjusted net income, and net debt. Such measures have not been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). These non-GAAP financial measures adjust for factors that are unusual or unpredictable. These measures exclude the impact of certain amounts related to the effect of changes in currency exchange rates, acquisitions, and restructuring, including employee related costs, equipment relocation costs, accelerated depreciation, and the write-down of equipment. These measures also exclude gains or losses on sales of significant property and divestitures, significant property and other impairments, net of insurance recovery, certain regulatory and litigation matters, significant pension settlements, impairments in goodwill and equity method investments, and certain acquisition-related expenses, including transaction and integration expenses, due diligence expenses, professional and legal fees, purchase accounting adjustments for inventory, order backlog, intangible amortization, changes in the fair value of contingent acquisition payments and economic hedging instruments on commercial paper, CEO transition costs, and impacts related to the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Note that while amortization of acquired intangible assets is excluded from non-GAAP adjusted financial measures, the revenue of the acquired entities and all other expenses unless otherwise stated, are reflected in Adjusted EBIT and adjusted net income and the acquired assets contribute to revenue generation.
This adjusted information should not be construed as an alternative to results determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We use the non-GAAP measures to evaluate operating performance and believe that these non-GAAP measures are useful to enable investors and other external parties to perform comparisons of our current and historical performance.
A reconciliation of reported net income attributable to Amcor plc to Adjusted EBIT and adjusted net income for fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022 is as follows:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Net income attributable to Amcor plc, as reported $ 730 $ 1,048 $ 805
Add: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests 10 10 10
Net income 740 1,058 815
Add: Income tax expense 163 193 300
Add: Interest expense 348 290 159
Less: Interest income (38) (31) (24)
EBIT 1,213 1,510 1,250
Add: 2018/2019 Restructuring programs (1) - - 37
Add: Amortization of acquired intangible assets from business combinations (2) 167 160 163
Add: Impact of hyperinflation (3) 53 24 16
Add: Net loss on disposals (4) - - 10
Add: Property and other losses, net (5) - 2 13
Add/(Less): Restructuring and other related activities, net (6) 97 (90) 200
Add: CEO transition costs (7) 8 - -
Add: Other (8) 22 2 12
Adjusted EBIT 1,560 1,608 1,701
Less: Income tax expense (163) (193) (300)
Less: Adjustments to income tax expense (9) (62) (57) (32)
Less: Interest expense (348) (290) (159)
Add: Interest income 38 31 24
Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (10) (10) (10)
Adjusted net income $ 1,015 $ 1,089 $ 1,224
(1)2018/2019 Restructuring programs include restructuring and related expenses for the 2019 Bemis Integration Plan for fiscal year 2022. Refer to Note 6, "Restructuring," for more information.
(2)Amortization of acquired intangible assets from business combinations includes amortization expenses related to all acquired intangible assets from past acquisitions.
(3)Impact of hyperinflation includes the adverse impact of highly inflationary accounting for subsidiaries in Argentina where the functional currency was the Argentine Peso.
(4)Net loss on disposals, excluding the disposal of our Russian business, includes an expense of $10 million from the disposal of non-core assets in fiscal year 2022. Refer to Note 10, "Fair Value Measurements," for more information.
(5)Property and other losses, net in fiscal year 2023 includes property claims and losses of $5 million and $3 million of net insurance recovery related to the closure of our South African business. Fiscal year 2022 includes business losses primarily associated with the destruction of our Durban, South Africa facility during general civil unrest in July 2021, net of insurance recovery.
(6)Restructuring and other related activities, net in fiscal year 2024 primarily includes costs incurred in connection with the 2023 Restructuring Plan. Fiscal year 2023 includes a pre-tax net gain on the sale of our Russian business of $215 million, incremental costs of $18 million, and restructuring and related expenses of $107 million incurred in connection with the conflict. Fiscal year 2022 includes $138 million of impairment charges, $57 million of restructuring and related expenses, and $5 million of other expenses. Refer to Note 4, "Restructuring, Impairment, and Other Related Activities, Net," and Note 6, "Restructuring," for further information.
(7)CEO transition costs primarily reflect accelerated compensation, including share-based compensation, granted to our former Chief Executive Officer who retired from that role in April 2024, and other transition related expenses.
(8)Other in fiscal year 2024 includes fair value losses of $16 million on economic hedges, retroactive foil duties, certain litigation reserve adjustments, and pension settlements, partially offset by changes in contingent purchase consideration. Fiscal year 2023 includes other restructuring, acquisition, litigation, and integration expenses of $13 million, pension settlement expenses of $5 million, and fair value gains of $16 million on economic hedges. Fiscal year 2022 includes costs associated with the Bemis transaction and pension settlement expenses of $8 million.
(9)Net tax impact on items (1) through (8) above.
Reconciliation of Net Debt
A reconciliation of total debt to net debt at June 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:
($ in millions) June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023
Current portion of long-term debt $ 12 $ 13
Short-term debt 84 80
Long-term debt, less current portion 6,603 6,653
Total debt 6,699 6,746
Less cash and cash equivalents (588) (689)
Net debt $ 6,111 $ 6,057
Supplemental Guarantor Information
Amcor plc, along with certain wholly owned subsidiary guarantors, guarantee the following senior notes issued by the wholly owned subsidiaries, Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., Amcor UK Finance plc, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., and Amcor Group Finance plc.
•$500 million, 4.000% Guaranteed Senior Notes due 2025 of Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc.
•$300 million, 3.100% Guaranteed Senior Notes due 2026 of Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc.
•$600 million, 3.625% Guaranteed Senior Notes due 2026 of Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc.
•$500 million, 4.500% Guaranteed Senior Notes due 2028 of Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc.
•$500 million, 2.630% Guaranteed Senior Notes due 2030 of Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc.
•$800 million, 2.690% Guaranteed Senior Notes due 2031 of Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc.
•€500 million, 1.125% Guaranteed Senior Notes due 2027 of Amcor UK Finance plc
•€500 million, 3.950% Guaranteed Senior Notes due 2032 of Amcor UK Finance plc
•$500 million, 5.625% Guaranteed Senior Notes due 2033 of Amcor Finance (USA), Inc.
•$500 million, 5.450% Guaranteed Senior Notes due 2029 of Amcor Group Finance plc
The six notes issued by Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc. are guaranteed by its parent entity, Amcor plc, and the subsidiary guarantors Amcor Pty Ltd, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor Group Finance plc, and Amcor UK Finance plc. The two notes issued by Amcor UK Finance plc are guaranteed by its parent entity, Amcor plc, and the subsidiary guarantors Amcor Pty Ltd, Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., and Amcor Group Finance plc. The note issued by Amcor Finance (USA), Inc. is guaranteed by its ultimate parent entity, Amcor plc, and the subsidiary guarantors Amcor Pty Ltd, Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., Amcor Group Finance plc, and Amcor UK Finance plc. The note issued by Amcor Group Finance plc is guaranteed by its ultimate parent entity, Amcor plc, and the subsidiary guarantors Amcor Pty Ltd, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., and Amcor UK Finance plc.
All guarantors fully, unconditionally, and irrevocably guarantee, on a joint and several basis, to each holder of the notes, the due and punctual payment of the principal of, and any premium and interest on, such note and all other amounts payable, when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether at stated maturity, by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise, in accordance with the terms of the notes and related indenture. The obligations of the applicable guarantors under their guarantees will be limited as necessary to recognize certain defenses generally available to guarantors (including those that relate to fraudulent conveyance or transfer, voidable preference, financial assistance, corporate purpose, or similar laws) under applicable law. The guarantees will be unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of the guarantors and will rank equally with all existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated debt of each guarantor. None of our other subsidiaries guarantee such notes. The issuers and guarantors conduct large parts of their operations through other subsidiaries of Amcor plc.
Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc. is incorporated in Missouri in the United States, Amcor UK Finance plc and Amcor Group Finance plc are incorporated in England and Wales, United Kingdom, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc. is incorporated in Delaware in the United States, and the guarantors are incorporated under the laws of Jersey, Australia, the United States, and England and Wales and, therefore, insolvency proceedings with respect to the issuers and guarantors could proceed under, and be governed by, among others, Jersey, Australian, United States, or English insolvency law, as the case may be, if either issuer or any guarantor defaults on its obligations under the applicable Notes or Guarantees, respectively.
Set forth below is the summarized financial information of the combined Obligor Group made up of Amcor plc (as parent guarantor), Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., Amcor UK Finance plc, Amcor Group Finance plc, and Amcor Finance (USA), Inc. (as subsidiary issuers of the notes and guarantors of each other’s notes), and Amcor Pty Ltd (as the remaining subsidiary guarantor).
Basis of Preparation
The following summarized financial information is presented for the parent, issuer, and guarantor subsidiaries ("Obligor Group") on a combined basis after elimination of intercompany transactions between entities in the combined group and amounts related to investments in any subsidiary that is a non-guarantor.
This information is not intended to present the financial position or results of operations of the combined group of companies in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Statement of Income for Obligor Group
(in millions)
For the year ended June 30, 2024
Net sales - external $ 992
Net sales - to subsidiaries outside the Obligor Group 7
Total net sales $ 999
Gross profit 214
Net income (1) $ 741
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests -
Net income attributable to Obligor Group $ 741
(1) Includes $1,247 million net intercompany income from Amcor entities from outside the Obligor Group, mainly attributable to intercompany dividends and intercompany interest income.
Balance Sheet for Obligor Group
(in millions)
As of June 30, 2024
Assets
Current assets - external $ 1,160
Current assets - due from subsidiaries outside the Obligor Group 165
Total current assets 1,325
Non-current assets - external 1,447
Non-current assets - due from subsidiaries outside the Obligor Group 12,538
Total non-current assets 13,985
Total assets $ 15,310
Liabilities
Current liabilities - external $ 2,341
Current liabilities - due to subsidiaries outside the Obligor Group 34
Total current liabilities 2,375
Non-current liabilities - external 6,815
Non-current liabilities - due to subsidiaries outside the Obligor Group 10,822
Total non-current liabilities 17,637
Total liabilities $ 20,012
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We finance our business primarily through cash flows provided by operating activities, borrowings from banks, and proceeds from issuances of debt and equity. We periodically review our capital structure and liquidity position in light of market conditions, expected future cash flows, potential funding requirements for debt refinancing, capital expenditures and acquisitions, the cost of capital, sensitivity analyses reflecting downside scenarios, the impact on our financial metrics and credit ratings, and our ease of access to funding sources.
We believe that our cash flows provided by operating activities, together with borrowings available under our credit facilities and access to the commercial paper market, backstopped by our bank debt facilities, will continue to provide sufficient liquidity to fund our operations, capital expenditures, and other commitments, including dividends and purchases of our ordinary shares and CHESS Depositary Instruments under authorized share repurchase programs, into the foreseeable future.
Overview
Year Ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023
Net cash provided by operating activities $ 1,321 $ 1,261
Net cash used in investing activities (476) (309)
Net cash used in financing activities (857) (1,025)
Cash Flow Overview
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities increased by $60 million in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023. The increase in cash flow is primarily driven by lower working capital outflows in the current period.
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities increased by $167 million in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023. The increase is primarily driven by the disposal proceeds collected from the sale of the Russian business in the prior period, partially offset by lower outflows for investments in affiliated companies and business acquisitions compared to the prior period.
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities decreased by $168 million in fiscal year 2024, compared to fiscal year 2023. The change is primarily driven by lower share buyback activity in the current period.
Net Debt
We borrow from financial institutions and debt investors in the form of bank overdrafts, bank loans, corporate bonds, unsecured notes, and commercial paper. We have a mixture of fixed and floating interest rates and use interest rate swaps to provide further flexibility in managing the interest cost of borrowings.
Short-term debt consists of bank debt with a duration of less than 12 months and bank overdrafts which are classified as current due to the short-term nature of the borrowings, except where we have the ability and intent to refinance and as such extend the debt beyond 12 months. The current portion of long-term debt consists of debt amounts repayable within a year after the balance sheet date.
Our primary bank debt facilities and notes are unsecured and subject to negative pledge arrangements limiting the amount of secured indebtedness we can incur to 10.0% of our total tangible assets, subject to some exceptions and variations by facility. In addition, the covenants of the bank debt facilities require us to maintain a leverage ratio not higher than 3.9 times. The negative pledge arrangements and the financial covenants are defined in the related debt agreements. As of June 30, 2024, we were in compliance with all applicable covenants under our bank debt facilities.
Our net debt at each of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023 was $6.1 billion.
Debt Facilities and Refinancing
As of June 30, 2024, we had undrawn credit facilities available in the amount of $2.4 billion. Our senior facilities are available to fund working capital, growth capital expenditures, and refinancing obligations and are provided to us by two bank syndicates. On April 23, 2024, we extended the maturity of our three-year syndicated facility agreement by one year until April 2026. The three-year syndicated facility agreement will be reduced from $1.9 billion to $1.7 billion effective April 2025. Our five-year syndicated credit facility matures in April 2027 and provides a revolving credit facility of $1.9 billion. The three-year facility has one 12-month option available to us to extend the maturity date and the five-year facility has two 12-month options available to us to extend the maturity date.
As of June 30, 2024, the revolving senior bank debt facilities had an aggregate limit of $3.8 billion, of which $1.4 billion had been drawn (inclusive of amounts drawn under commercial paper programs reducing the overall balance of available senior facilities). Subject to certain conditions, we can request the total commitment level under each agreement to be increased by up to $500 million. For further information, refer to Note 13, "Debt."
On May 21, 2024, we issued U.S. dollar notes with an aggregate principal amount of $500 million and a contractual maturity in May 2029. The notes pay a coupon of 5.45% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears. The notes are unsecured senior obligations of Amcor and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Amcor plc and certain of its subsidiaries. In conjunction with this issuance, we entered into U.S. dollar to Swiss franc cross currency swap contracts with a total notional amount of $500 million to effectively convert the fixed-rate U.S. dollar denominated debt into Swiss franc denominated debt, including semi-annual interest payments and the payment of principal at maturity. Under the terms of the cross currency swaps, we receive a fixed U.S. dollar rate of interest of 5.45% and pay a fixed weighted average Swiss franc rate of interest of 2.218%.
On May 22, 2024, we issued Euro notes with an aggregate principal amount of €500 million and a contractual maturity in May 2032. The notes pay a coupon of 3.95% per annum, payable annually in arrears. The notes are unsecured senior obligations of Amcor and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Amcor plc and certain of its subsidiaries.
Dividend Payments
In fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, we paid $722 million, $723 million, and $732 million, respectively, in dividends. The dividend per share has increased in each of the years, with the total amount paid declining due to repurchase of shares under announced share buyback programs.
Credit Rating
Our capital structure and financial practices have earned us investment grade credit ratings from two internationally recognized credit rating agencies. These investment grade credit ratings are important to our ability to issue debt at favorable rates of interest, for various terms, and from a diverse range of markets that are highly liquid, including European and U.S. debt capital markets and from global financial institutions.
Share Repurchases
On August 17, 2022, our Board of Directors approved a $400 million buyback of ordinary shares and/or CHESS Depositary Instruments ("CDIs") and this program has been completed in fiscal year 2023.
On February 7, 2023, our Board of Directors approved a $100 million buyback of ordinary shares and/or CDIs in the following twelve months. On February 6, 2024, our Board of Directors extended the approval for the remaining $39 million of
ordinary shares and CDIs of the $100 million buyback for twelve months. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, we repurchased approximately $30 million, including transaction costs, or 3 million shares.
The shares repurchased as part of the above programs were canceled upon repurchase.
We had cash outflows of $48 million, $221 million, and $143 million for the purchase of our shares in the open market during fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, as treasury shares to satisfy the vesting and exercises of share-based compensation awards. As of June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, we held treasury shares at cost of $11 million, $12 million, and $18 million, representing 1 million, 1 million, and 2 million shares, respectively.
Material Cash Requirements
Our material cash requirements for future periods from known contractual obligations are included below. We expect to fund these cash requirements primarily through cash flows provided by operating activities, borrowings from banks, and proceeds from issuances of debt and equity. These amounts reflect material cash requirements for which we are contractually committed.
•Debt obligations and interest payments: Refer to Note 13, “Debt” of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information about our debt obligations and interest payments and the related timing of these expected payments.
•Operating and finance leases: Refer to Note 14, “Leases” of the notes to consolidated financial statements for information about our lease obligations and the related timing of the expected payments.
•Employee benefit plan obligations: Refer to Note 12, “Defined Benefit Plans” of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information about our employee benefit plan obligations and the related timing of the expected payments.
•Capital expenditures: As of June 30, 2024, we have $266 million in committed capital expenditures for fiscal year 2025.
•Other purchase obligations: Amcor has other purchase obligations, including commitments to purchase a specified minimum amount of goods, inclusive of raw materials, utilities, and other. These obligations are legally binding and non-cancellable. Where we are unable to determine the periods in which these obligations could be payable under these contracts, we present the cash requirement in the earliest period in which the minimum obligation could be payable. The estimated future cash outlays are approximately $1.1 billion, $250 million, $100 million, $100 million, and $100 million in fiscal years 2025, 2026, 2027, 2028, and 2029, respectively.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Other than as described under "Material Cash Requirements", we had no significant off-balance sheet contractual obligations or other commitments as of June 30, 2024.
Liquidity Risk and Outlook
Liquidity risk arises from the possibility that we might encounter difficulty in settling our debts or otherwise meeting our obligations related to financial liabilities. We manage liquidity risk centrally and such management involves maintaining available funding and ensuring that we have access to an adequate amount of committed credit facilities. Due to the dynamic nature of our business, the aim is to maintain flexibility within our funding structure through the use of bank overdrafts, bank loans, corporate bonds, unsecured notes, and commercial paper. The following guidelines are used to manage our liquidity risk:
•maintaining minimum undrawn committed liquidity of at least $200 million that can be drawn at short notice;
•regularly performing a comprehensive analysis of all cash inflows and outflows in relation to operational, investing, and financing activities;
•generally using tradable instruments only in highly liquid markets;
•maintaining a credit investment grade rating with a reputable independent rating agency;
•managing credit risk related to financial assets;
•monitoring the duration of long-term debt;
•only investing surplus cash with major financial institutions or well diversified money market funds; and
•to the extent practicable, spreading the maturity dates of long-term debt facilities.
Our three- and five-year syndicated unsecured facility agreements each provide a revolving credit facility of $1.9 billion, $3.8 billion in total. On April 23, 2024, we extended the maturity of our three-year syndicated facility agreement by one year until April 2026. The three-year syndicated facility agreement will be reduced from $1.9 billion to $1.7 billion effective April 2025. Our five-year syndicated credit facility matures in April 2027 and provides a revolving credit facility of $1.9 billion. The three-year facility has one 12-month option available to us to extend the maturity date and the five-year facility has two 12-month options available to us to extend the maturity date.
As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, an aggregate principal amount of $1.4 billion and $2.5 billion, respectively, was drawn under commercial paper programs. However, such programs are backstopped by committed bank syndicated loan facilities with maturities in April 2026 and April 2027, with options to extend, under which we had $2.4 billion in unused capacity remaining as of June 30, 2024.
We expect long-term future funding needs to primarily relate to refinancing and servicing our outstanding financial liabilities maturing as outlined above and to finance our capital expenditure and payments for acquisitions that may be completed. We expect to continue to fund our long-term business needs on the same basis as in the past, i.e., partially through the cash flow provided by operating activities available to the business and management of the capital of the business, in particular through issuance of commercial paper and debt securities on a regular basis. We decide on discretionary growth capital expenditures and acquisitions individually based on, among other factors, the return on investment after related financing costs and the payback period of required upfront cash investments in light of our mid-term liquidity planning covering a period of four years post the current fiscal year. Our long-term access to liquidity depends on both our results of operations and on the availability of funding in financial markets.
Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to retirement benefits, intangible assets, goodwill, and expected future performance of operations. Our estimates and judgments are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
We believe the following are critical accounting estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. The critical accounting estimates discussed below should be read together with our significant accounting policies in Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies,” of the notes to our consolidated financial statements.
Pensions
The majority of our principal defined benefit plans are closed to new entrants and future accruals. The accounting for defined benefit pension plans requires us to recognize the overfunded or underfunded status of the pension plans on our balance sheet. A significant portion of our pension amounts relates to our defined benefit plans in the United States, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and Germany. The net periodic pension cost recorded in fiscal year 2024 was $12 million, compared to net periodic pension cost of $11 million in fiscal year 2023 and $12 million in fiscal year 2022. We expect our net periodic pension cost before the effect of income taxes for fiscal year 2025 to be approximately $16 million.
For our sponsored plans, the relevant accounting guidance requires management to make certain assumptions relating to the long-term rate of return on plan assets, discount rates used to determine the present value of future obligations and expenses, salary inflation rates, mortality rates, and other assumptions. We believe the accounting estimates related to our pension plans are critical accounting estimates because they are highly susceptible to change from period to period based on the performance of plan assets, actuarial valuations, market conditions, and contractual benefit changes. The selection of assumptions is based on historical trends, known economic and market conditions at the time of valuation, and independent studies of trends performed by our actuaries. However, actual results may differ substantially from the estimates that were based on the critical assumptions.
The difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation of a pension plan must be recorded on the consolidated balance sheets as an asset, in the case of an overfunded plan, or as a liability, in the case of an underfunded plan. Gains or losses and prior service costs or credits that arise but are not recognized as components of pension cost are recorded as a component of other comprehensive income/(loss). Pension plan liabilities are revalued annually, or when an event occurs that requires remeasurement, based on updated assumptions and information about the individuals covered by the plan. Accumulated actuarial gains and losses in excess of a 10 percent corridor and the prior service cost are amortized on a straight-line basis from the date recognized over the average remaining service period of active participants or over the average life expectancy for plans with significant inactive participants.
We review annually the discount rates used to calculate the present value of pension plan liabilities. The discount rates used at each measurement date is determined based on a high-quality corporate bond yield curve, derived based on bond universe information sourced from reputable third-party indexes, data providers, and rating agencies. In countries where there is not a deep market for corporate bonds, we generally use a government bond approach to set the discount rate. Additionally, the expected long-term rates of return on plan assets is derived for each benefit plan by considering the expected future long-term return assumption for each individual asset class. A single long-term return assumption is then derived for each plan based on the plan's target asset allocation.
Pension Assumptions Sensitivity Analysis
The following chart depicts the sensitivity of estimated fiscal year 2025 pension expense to incremental changes in the weighted average discount rate and expected long-term rate of return on assets.
Discount Rate Total Increase/(Decrease) to Net Periodic Pension Cost from Current Assumption
Rate of Return on Plan Assets Total Increase/ (Decrease) to Net Periodic Pension Cost from Current Assumption
(in $ millions) (in $ millions)
+25 basis points 1 +25 basis points (3)
4.22 percent (current assumption) - 5.16 percent (current assumption) -
-25 basis points (1) -25 basis points 3
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired, including intangible assets. Goodwill is not amortized but is instead tested for impairment annually as of April 1 of each fiscal year, or when events and circumstances indicate an impairment may have occurred. Our reporting units each contain goodwill that is assessed for potential impairment. All goodwill is assigned to a reporting unit, which we have defined as an operating segment, based on the relative fair value of the reporting unit at the time of each acquisition. We have six reporting units, of which five are included in our Flexibles reportable segment. The other reporting unit, Rigid Packaging, is also a reportable segment.
In our impairment analysis, we may elect to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether a quantitative test is necessary. If we determine that a quantitative test is necessary or elect to perform a quantitative test instead of the qualitative test, we derive an estimate of fair values for each of our reporting units using income approaches. The most significant assumptions used in the determination of the estimated fair value of the reporting units are revenue growth, projected operating income growth, market multiples, terminal values, and discount rates. When the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, we recognize an impairment loss equal to the difference between the carrying value and estimated fair value of the reporting unit, adjusted for any tax benefits, limited to the amount of the carrying value of goodwill.
Our estimates associated with the goodwill impairment tests are considered critical due to the amount of goodwill recorded on our consolidated balance sheets and the judgment required in determining fair value amounts, including projected future cash flows. Judgment is also used in assessing whether goodwill should be tested more frequently for impairment than annually. Factors such as a significant decrease in expected net earnings, adverse equity market conditions, and other external events, such as significant inflation and rising interest rates, may result in the need for more frequent assessments.
Intangible assets consist primarily of purchased customer relationships, technology, trademarks, and software and are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, ranging from one to twenty years. We review these intangible assets for impairment when changes in circumstances or the occurrence of events suggest that the remaining value is not recoverable. The impairment test requires us to make estimates about fair value, most of which are based on projected future cash flows and discount rates. These estimates and projections require judgments about future events, conditions, and amounts of future cash flows.
Deferred Taxes and Uncertain Tax Positions
Significant judgments and estimates are required in determining our deferred tax assets and liabilities and uncertain tax positions as tax laws are often complex and may be subject to differing interpretations by the taxpayer and the relevant taxing authorities. Determining uncertain tax positions involves evaluating whether the weight of available positive and negative evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position taken or expected to be taken in the tax return will be sustained upon tax audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The recognized tax benefits are measured as the largest benefit of having a more likely than not likelihood of being sustained upon settlement. Additionally, we are required to assess the likelihood of recovering deferred tax assets against future sources of taxable income which may result in the need for a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, including operating loss, capital loss, and tax credit carryforwards if we do not reach the more likely than not threshold based on all available evidence. Examples of factors considered in determining deferred tax asset realizability include the expected future performance of operations and taxable earnings, the expected timing of the reversal of temporary differences, as well as the feasibility of tax planning strategies. If actual results differ from these estimates or if there are future changes in tax laws or statutory tax rates, we may need to adjust valuation allowances, or deferred tax liabilities, which could have a material impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Valuation of Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale
Disposal groups held for sale are assessed for impairment by comparing their fair values, less cost to sell, to their carrying values. The fair values of disposal groups held for sale are estimated using accepted valuation techniques, including earnings multiples, discounted cash flows, and indicative bids. Several significant estimates and assumptions are involved in the application of these techniques, including forecasting sales, expenses, and various other factors. We consider historical experience, guidance received from third parties, and all information available at the time the estimates are made to derive fair value. However, the fair value that is ultimately realized upon the divestiture of a business may significantly differ from the estimated fair value recognized in our consolidated financial statements, especially for disposal groups located in conflict regions. Refer to Note 5, "Acquisitions and Divestitures."
New Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to Note 3, "New Accounting Guidance," of the notes to consolidated financial statements for information about new accounting pronouncements.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Item 7A. - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Overview
Our activities expose us to a variety of market risks and financial risks. Our overall risk management program seeks to minimize potential adverse effects of these risks on Amcor's financial performance. From time to time, we enter into various derivative financial instruments, such as foreign exchange contracts, commodity fixed price swaps (on behalf of customers), cross currency swaps, and interest rate swaps to manage these risks. Our hedging activities are conducted on a centralized basis through standard operating procedures and delegated authorities, which provide guidelines for control, counterparty risk, and ongoing reporting. These derivative instruments are designed to reduce the economic risk associated with movements in foreign exchange rates, raw material prices, and to fixed and variable interest rates, but may not have been designated or qualify for hedge accounting under U.S. GAAP and hence may increase income statement volatility. However, we do not trade in derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. In addition, we may enter into loan agreements in currencies other than the respective legal entity's functional currency to economically hedge foreign exchange risk in net investments in our non-U.S. subsidiaries, which do not qualify for hedge accounting under U.S. GAAP and hence may increase income statement volatility.
There have been no material changes in the risks described below, other than increased inflation and market volatility attributed to a variety of factors, including the Russia-Ukraine conflict, in fiscal years 2024 and 2023.
Interest Rate Risk
Our policy is to manage exposure to interest rate risk by maintaining a mixture of fixed-rate and variable-rate debt, monitoring global interest rates and, where appropriate, hedging floating interest rate exposure or debt at fixed interest rates through the use of various interest rate derivative instruments including, but not limited to, interest rate swaps, cross currency interest rate swaps, and interest rate locks.
A hypothetical but reasonably possible increase of 1% in the floating rate on the relevant interest rate yield curve applicable to both derivative and non-derivative instruments denominated in U.S. dollars and Euros, the currencies with the largest interest rate sensitivity, outstanding as of June 30, 2024, would have resulted in an adverse impact on income before income taxes and equity in loss of affiliated companies of $28 million expense for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024.
Foreign Exchange Risk
We operate in over 40 countries across the world and, as a result, we are exposed to movements in foreign currency exchange rates.
For the year ended June 30, 2024, a hypothetical but reasonably possible adverse change of 1% in the underlying average foreign currency exchange rate for the Euro would have resulted in an adverse impact on our net sales of $22 million.
Economic and political events in Argentina expose us to heightened levels of foreign currency exchange risks. Although our functional currency in Argentina is the U.S. dollar, we have net assets and transactions in Argentina that are denominated in pesos. In fiscal year 2024, the new Argentine government devalued the Argentine peso by approximately 55% against the U.S. dollar which was the primary factor in our recognition of a $53 million loss on monetary balances in this fiscal year. We are focused on reducing our foreign exchange risk in Argentina, including through utilization of new Argentine government programs to reduce our Argentine peso net assets. As of June 30, 2024, a hypothetical but reasonably possible 10% devaluation of the Argentine peso against the U.S. dollar would have resulted in an adverse impact on our Argentine peso monetary assets of approximately $5 million. Our operations in Argentina represented approximately 2% of our consolidated net sales and annual adjusted earnings before interest and tax in the last two fiscal years.
During fiscal years 2024 and 2023, 51% and 52% of our net sales, respectively, were effectively generated in U.S. dollar functional currency entities. During fiscal year 2024 and 2023, 16% and 18%, respectively, of our net sales were generated in Euro functional currency entities with the remaining 33% and 30% of net sales, respectively, being generated in entities with functional currencies other than U.S. dollars and Euros. The impact of translating Euro and other non-U.S. dollar net sales and operating expenses into U.S. dollar for reporting purposes will vary depending on the movement of those currencies from period to period.
Raw Material and Commodity Price Risk
The primary raw materials for our products are polymer resins and films, inks, solvents, adhesives, aluminum, and chemicals. We have market risk primarily in connection with the pricing of our products and are exposed to commodity price risk from a number of commodities and other raw materials and energy price risk.
Changes in prices of our primary raw materials may result in a temporary or permanent reduction in income before income taxes and equity in loss of affiliated companies depending on the level of recovery by material type. The level of recovery depends both on the type of material and the market in which we operate. Across our business, we have a number of contractual provisions that allow for passing on of raw material price fluctuations to customers within predefined periods.
A hypothetical but reasonably possible 1% increase on average prices for polymer resins and films, inks, solvents, adhesives, aluminum, and chemicals, not passed on to the customer by way of a price adjustment, would have resulted in an increase in cost of sales and hence an adverse impact on income before income taxes and equity in loss of affiliated companies of approximately $50 million for fiscal year 2024 before any contractual pass-through to selling price.
Credit Risk
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations, resulting in financial loss. We are exposed to credit risk arising from financing activities including deposits with banks and financial institutions, foreign exchange transactions and other financial instruments, as well as from over-the-counter raw material and commodity related derivative instruments.
We manage our credit risk from balances with financial institutions through our counterparty risk policy, which provides guidelines on setting limits to minimize the concentration of risks and therefore mitigating financial loss through potential counterparty failure and on dealing and settlement procedures. The investment of surplus funds is made only with approved counterparties and within credit limits assigned to each specific counterparty. Financial derivative instruments can only be entered into with high credit quality approved financial institutions. As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, we did not have a significant concentration of credit risk in relation to derivatives entered into in accordance with our hedging and risk management activities.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Item 8. - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Amcor plc
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Amcor plc and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2024, including the related notes and schedule of valuation and qualifying accounts and reserves for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2024 appearing under Item 15(a)(2) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2024 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.
Basis for Opinions
The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Goodwill Impairment Assessment - Flexibles Latin America Reporting Unit
As described in Notes 2 and 9 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s consolidated goodwill balance was $5,345 million as of June 30, 2024, and the goodwill associated with the Flexibles Segment was $4,373 million, which includes goodwill associated with the Flexibles Latin America reporting unit. Management conducts an impairment analysis as of April 1 of each financial year, or whenever events and circumstances indicate an impairment may have occurred during the financial year. Management’s quantitative assessment utilizes discounted cash flow models to determine the fair value of the reporting unit. As disclosed by management, if the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, management would recognize an impairment loss equal to the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the reporting unit, adjusted for any tax benefits, limited to the amount of the carrying value of goodwill. Management’s projected future cash flows for the Flexibles Latin America reporting unit included key assumptions relating to revenue growth, projected operating income growth, market multiples, terminal values and discount rate.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the goodwill impairment assessment of the Flexibles Latin America reporting unit within the Flexibles Segment is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management when developing the fair value estimate of the reporting unit; (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures and evaluating management’s significant assumptions related to revenue growth and the discount rate; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skills and knowledge.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s goodwill impairment assessment, including controls over the valuation of the Flexibles Latin America reporting unit. These procedures also included, among others, (i) testing management’s process for developing the fair value estimate of the reporting unit; (ii) evaluating the appropriateness of the discounted cash flow models used by management; (iii) testing the completeness and accuracy of underlying data used in the discounted cash flow models; and (iv) evaluating the reasonableness of the significant assumptions used by management related to revenue growth and the discount rate. Evaluating management’s assumptions related to revenue growth and the discount rate involved evaluating whether the assumptions used by management were reasonable considering (i) the current and past performance of the reporting unit; (ii) the consistency with external market and industry data; and (iii) whether the assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Professionals with specialized skills and knowledge were used to assist in evaluating (i) the appropriateness of the discounted cash flow model and (ii) the reasonableness of the discount rate assumption.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers AG
Zurich, Switzerland
August 16, 2024
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2019.
Amcor plc and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Income
($ in millions, except per share data)
For the years ended June 30, 2024 2023 2022
Net sales $ 13,640 $ 14,694 $ 14,544
Cost of sales (10,928) (11,969) (11,724)
Gross profit 2,712 2,725 2,820
Selling, general, and administrative expenses (1,260) (1,246) (1,284)
Research and development expenses (106) (101) (96)
Restructuring, impairment, and other related activities, net (97) 104 (234)
Other income/(expenses), net (35) 26 33
Operating income 1,214 1,508 1,239
Interest income 38 31 24
Interest expense (348) (290) (159)
Other non-operating income, net 3 2 11
Income before income taxes and equity in loss of affiliated companies 907 1,251 1,115
Income tax expense (163) (193) (300)
Equity in loss of affiliated companies, net of tax (4) - -
Net income $ 740 $ 1,058 $ 815
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (10) (10) (10)
Net income attributable to Amcor plc $ 730 $ 1,048 $ 805
Basic earnings per share:
Basic earnings per share $ 0.505 $ 0.709 $ 0.532
Diluted earnings per share $ 0.505 $ 0.705 $ 0.529
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Amcor plc and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
($ in millions)
For the years ended June 30, 2024 2023 2022
Net income $ 740 $ 1,058 $ 815
Other comprehensive income/(loss):
Net gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, net of tax (a) 5 (1) (7)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax (b)
(108) 69 (201)
Excluded components of fair value hedges (10) - -
Pension, net of tax (c)
(45) (50) 94
Other comprehensive income/(loss) (158) 18 (114)
Total comprehensive income 582 1,076 701
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests (10) (10) (10)
Comprehensive income attributable to Amcor plc $ 572 $ 1,066 $ 691
(a) Tax benefit/(expense) related to cash flow hedges $ (1) $ 1 $ 2
(b) Tax expense related to foreign currency translation adjustments $ - $ (1) $ (5)
(c) Tax benefit/(expense) related to pension adjustments $ 12 $ 11 $ (21)
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Amcor plc and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
($ in millions, except share and per share data)
As of June 30, 2024 2023
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 588 $ 689
Trade receivables, net of allowance for credit losses of $24 and $21, respectively
1,846 1,875
Inventories, net
Raw materials and supplies 862 992
Work in process and finished goods 1,169 1,221
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 500 531
Total current assets 4,965 5,308
Non-current assets:
Property, plant, and equipment, net 3,763 3,762
Operating lease assets 567 533
Deferred tax assets 148 134
Other intangible assets, net 1,391 1,524
Goodwill 5,345 5,366
Employee benefit assets 34 67
Other non-current assets 311 309
Total non-current assets 11,559 11,695
Total assets $ 16,524 $ 17,003
Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt $ 12 $ 13
Short-term debt 84 80
Trade payables 2,580 2,690
Accrued employee costs 399 396
Other current liabilities 1,186 1,297
Total current liabilities 4,261 4,476
Non-current liabilities:
Long-term debt, less current portion 6,603 6,653
Operating lease liabilities 488 463
Deferred tax liabilities 584 616
Employee benefit obligations 217 224
Other non-current liabilities 418 481
Total non-current liabilities 8,310 8,437
Total liabilities $ 12,571 $ 12,913
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 19)
Shareholders' Equity
Amcor plc shareholders’ equity:
Ordinary shares ($0.01 par value):
Authorized (9,000 million shares)
Issued (1,445 and 1,448 million shares, respectively)
$ 14 $ 14
Additional paid-in capital 4,019 4,021
Retained earnings 879 865
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (1,020) (862)
Treasury shares (1 and 1 million shares, respectively)
(11) (12)
Total Amcor plc shareholders' equity 3,881 4,026
Non-controlling interests 72 64
Total shareholders' equity 3,953 4,090
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 16,524 $ 17,003
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Amcor plc and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
($ in millions)
For the years ended June 30, 2024 2023 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 740 $ 1,058 $ 815
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization, and impairment 595 586 625
Russia and Ukraine impairment - - 138
Net periodic benefit cost 12 11 12
Amortization of debt discount and deferred financing costs 10 4 2
Net gain on disposal of property, plant, and equipment (11) (5) (3)
Net gain on disposal of businesses - (220) -
Equity in loss of affiliated companies 4 - -
Net foreign exchange (gain)/loss 27 28 (14)
Share-based compensation 32 54 63
Other, net (37) 5 106
Loss from highly inflationary accounting for Argentine subsidiaries 106 62 22
Deferred income taxes, net (37) (57) (33)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, excluding effect of acquisitions, divestitures, and currency:
Trade receivables (43) 93 (272)
Inventories 95 248 (626)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (5) (54) (67)
Trade payables (43) (429) 711
Other current liabilities (74) 21 123
Accrued employee costs 8 (84) (20)
Employee benefit obligations (39) (25) (35)
Other, net (19) (35) (21)
Net cash provided by operating activities 1,321 1,261 1,526
Cash flows from investing activities:
Issuance of loans to affiliated companies and other - (1) (5)
Investments in affiliated companies and other (3) (56) (12)
Business acquisitions (20) (121) -
Purchase of property, plant, and equipment, and other intangible assets (492) (526) (527)
(Payments)/proceeds from divestitures - 365 (1)
Proceeds from sales of property, plant, and equipment, and other intangible assets 39 30 18
Net cash used in investing activities (476) (309) (527)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of shares - 134 114
Purchase of treasury shares and tax withholdings for share-based incentive plans (51) (221) (143)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt 1,024 522 1,066
Repayment of long-term debt (16) (330) (1,243)
Net borrowing/(repayment) of commercial paper (1,041) 94 638
Net borrowing/(repayment) of short-term debt (10) (58) 15
Repayment of lease liabilities (11) (11) (5)
Share buyback/cancellations (30) (432) (601)
Dividends paid (722) (723) (732)
Net cash used in financing activities (857) (1,025) (891)
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents (89) (88) (108)
Cash and cash equivalents classified as held for sale - - (75)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (101) (161) (75)
Cash and cash equivalents balance at beginning of the fiscal year 689 850 850
Cash and cash equivalents balance at end of the fiscal year $ 588 $ 689 $ 775
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements, including Note 22, "Supplemental Cash Flow Information." Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of fiscal year 2023 include cash and cash equivalents classified as held for sale.
Amcor plc and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Equity
($ in millions, except per share data)
Ordinary Shares Additional Paid-In Capital Retained
Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Treasury Shares Non-controlling Interests Total
Balance as of June 30, 2021 $ 15 $ 5,092 $ 452 $ (766) $ (29) $ 57 $ 4,821
Net income 805 10 815
Other comprehensive loss (114) - (114)
Share buyback/cancellations - (601) (601)
Dividends declared ($0.4775 per share)
(723) (9) (732)
Options exercised and shares vested (40) 154 114
Net settlement of forward contracts to purchase own equity for share-based incentive plans, net of tax (83) (83)
Purchase of treasury shares (143) (143)
Share-based compensation expense 63 63
Change in non-controlling interests - - 1 1
Balance as of June 30, 2022 15 4,431 534 (880) (18) 59 4,141
Net income 1,048 10 1,058
Other comprehensive income 18 - 18
Share buyback/cancellations (1) (431) (432)
Dividends declared ($0.4875 per share)
(717) (6) (723)
Options exercised and shares vested (93) 227 134
Net settlement of forward contracts to purchase own equity for share-based incentive plans, net of tax 60 60
Purchase of treasury shares (221) (221)
Share-based compensation expense 54 54
Change in non-controlling interests - 1 1
Balance as of June 30, 2023 14 4,021 865 (862) (12) 64 4,090
Net income 730 10 740
Other comprehensive loss (158) - (158)
Share buyback/cancellations - (30) (30)
Dividends declared ($0.4975 per share)
(716) (6) (722)
Shares vested and related tax withholdings (52) 49 (3)
Net settlement of forward contracts to purchase own equity for share-based incentive plans, net of tax 48 48
Purchase of treasury shares (48) (48)
Share-based compensation expense 32 32
Change in non-controlling interests 4 4
Balance as of June 30, 2024 $ 14 $ 4,019 $ 879 $ (1,020) $ (11) $ 72 $ 3,953
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Amcor plc and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 1 - Business Description
Amcor plc ("Amcor" or the "Company") is a public limited company incorporated under the Laws of the Bailiwick of Jersey. The Company's history dates back more than 150 years, with origins in both Australia and the United States of America. Today, Amcor is a global leader in developing and producing responsible packaging solutions across a variety of materials for food, beverage, pharmaceutical, medical, home and personal-care, and other consumer goods end markets. The Company's innovation excellence and global packaging expertise enable the Company to solve packaging challenges around the world every day, producing a range of flexible packaging, rigid packaging, cartons, and closures that are more functional, appealing, and cost effective for its customers and their consumers and importantly, more sustainable for the environment.
The Company's business activities are organized around two reportable segments, Flexibles and Rigid Packaging. The Company has a globally diverse operating footprint, selling to customers in Europe, North America, Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, and the Asia Pacific regions. The Company's sales are widely diversified, with the majority of sales made to the food, beverage, pharmaceutical, medical device, home and personal care, and other consumer goods end markets. All markets are considered to be highly competitive as to price, innovation, quality, and service.
Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, for which the Company has a controlling financial interest. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). Certain amounts in the Company's notes to consolidated financial statements may not add up or recalculate due to rounding.
Business Combinations: The Company uses the acquisition method of accounting, which requires separate recognition of assets acquired and liabilities assumed from goodwill, at the acquisition date fair values. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of consideration transferred and the fair value of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree over the net of the acquisition date fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. During the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company has the ability to record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. After the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded in the consolidated statements of income.
Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations: The Company classifies assets and liabilities (the "disposal group") as held for sale in the period when all of the relevant criteria to be classified as held for sale are met. These criteria include management's commitment to sell the disposal group in its present condition and the sale being deemed probable of being completed within one year. Assets held for sale are reported at the lower of their carrying value or fair value less cost to sell. Fair value is determined based on management’s assessment of indicative bids, a market multiples model in which a market multiple is applied to forecasted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”), discounted cash flows, appraised values, or management's estimates, depending on the specific situation. Any loss resulting from the measurement is recognized in the period when the held for sale criteria are met. If the disposal group meets the definition of a business, the goodwill within the reporting unit is allocated to the disposal group based on its relative fair value. The Company assesses the fair value of a disposal group, less any costs to sell, each reporting period it remains classified as held for sale and reports any subsequent changes as an adjustment to the carrying value of the disposal group, as long as the new carrying value does not exceed the initial carrying value of the disposal group. Assets held for sale are not amortized or depreciated. The Company recorded an impairment charge on assets held for sale of $90 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. See Note 5, "Acquisitions and Divestitures," for further information.
A disposal group that represents a strategic shift to the Company or is acquired with the intention to sell is reflected as a discontinued operation on the consolidated statements of income and prior periods are recast to reflect the earnings or losses as income from discontinued operations.
Estimates and Assumptions Required: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods.
These estimates are based on historical experience and various assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Management evaluates these estimates on an ongoing basis and adjusts or revises them as circumstances change. As future events and their impacts cannot be determined with precision, actual results may differ from these estimates. In the opinion of management, the consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments necessary to fairly present the results of the periods presented.
Translation of Foreign Currencies: The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of the Company’s subsidiaries is generally the local currency of each entity. Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency of the entity are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing at the transaction date. Monetary assets and liabilities in currencies other than the entity’s functional currency are remeasured at the exchange rates as of the balance sheet date to the entity’s functional currency. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recorded in other income/(expenses), net in the consolidated statements of income. These foreign currency transaction net gains or net losses, not including losses on monetary balances in Argentina, amounted to a net loss of $10 million, a net loss of $17 million, and a net gain of $19 million during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
Upon consolidation, the results of operations of subsidiaries with functional currencies other than the reporting currency of the Company are translated using average exchange rates during each year. Assets and liabilities of operations with a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar are translated at the exchange rates as of the balance sheet date, while equity
balances are translated at historical rates. Translation gains and losses are reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss as a component of shareholders’ equity.
Highly Inflationary Accounting: A highly inflationary economy is defined as an economy with a cumulative inflation rate of approximately 100 percent or more over a three-year period. As of July 1, 2018, the Argentine economy was designated as highly inflationary for accounting purposes. Accordingly, the U.S. dollar replaced the Argentine peso as the functional currency for the Company's subsidiaries in Argentina. The impact of highly inflationary accounting on monetary balances was a loss of $53 million, $24 million, and $16 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, in the consolidated statements of income.
Revenue Recognition: The Company generates revenue primarily by providing its customers with flexible and rigid packaging, serving a variety of markets including food, beverage, consumer products, and healthcare end markets. The Company enters into a variety of agreements with customers, including quality agreements, pricing agreements, and master supply agreements, which outline the terms under which the Company does business with a specific customer. The Company also sells to some customers solely based on purchase orders. The Company has concluded for the vast majority of its revenues, that its contracts with customers are either a purchase order or the combination of a purchase order with a master supply agreement. All revenue recognized in the consolidated statements of income is considered to be revenue from contracts with customers.
The Company typically satisfies the obligation to provide packaging to customers at a point in time upon shipment when control is transferred to customers. Revenue is recognized net of allowances for returns and customer claims and any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. The Company does not have any material contract assets or contract liabilities. The Company disaggregates revenue based on geography. Disaggregation of revenue is presented in Note 20, "Segments."
Significant Judgments
Determining whether products and services should be accounted for as distinct performance obligations or as combined performance obligations may require significant judgment. The Company has identified potential performance obligations in its customer master supply agreements and determined that none of them are capable of being distinct as the customer can only benefit from the supplied packaging. Therefore, the Company has concluded that it has one performance obligation, which is to supply packaging to customers.
The Company may provide variable consideration in several forms, which are determined through its agreements with customers. The Company can offer prompt payment discounts, sales rebates, or other incentive payments to customers. Sales rebates and other incentive payments can be awarded contingent on the achievement of certain performance metrics, including volume. The Company accounts for variable consideration using the most likely amount method. The Company utilizes forecasted sales data and rebate percentages specific to each customer agreement and updates its judgment of the amounts to which the customer is entitled each period.
The Company enters into long-term agreements with certain customers, under which it is obligated to make various up-front payments for which it expects to receive a benefit in excess of the cost over the term of the contract. These up-front payments are deferred and reflected in prepaid expenses and other current assets or other non-current assets on its consolidated balance sheets. Contract incentives are typically recognized as a reduction to revenue over the term of the customer agreement.
Practical Expedients
The Company sells primarily through its direct sales force. Any external sales commissions are expensed when incurred because the amortization period would be one year or less. External sales commission expense is included in selling, general, and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income.
The Company accounts for shipping and handling activities as fulfillment costs. Accordingly, shipping and handling costs are classified as a component of cost of sales while amounts billed to customers are classified as a component of net sales.
The Company excludes from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes assessed by a government authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue producing transaction and collected from the customer, including sales taxes, value added taxes, excise taxes, and use taxes. Accordingly, the tax amounts are not included in net sales.
The Company does not adjust the promised consideration for the time value of money for contracts where the difference between the time of payment and performance is one year or less.
Research and Development: Research and development expenses are expensed as incurred.
Restructuring Costs: Restructuring costs are recognized when the liability is incurred. The Company calculates severance obligations based on its standard customary practices. Accordingly, the Company records provisions for severance when payments are probable and estimable and when the Company has committed to the restructuring plan. In the absence of a standard customary practice or established local practice, liabilities for severance are recognized when incurred. If fixed assets become impaired as a result of the Company’s restructuring efforts, these assets are written down to their fair value less costs to sell, as the Company commits to dispose of them, and they are no longer in use. Depreciation is accelerated on fixed assets for the period of time the asset continues to be used until the asset ceases to be used. Other restructuring costs, including costs to relocate equipment, are generally recorded as the cost is incurred or the service is provided. See Note 6, "Restructuring," for more information on the Company’s restructuring plans.
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash: The Company considers all highly liquid investments, with a maturity of three months or less when purchased, to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents include demand deposits that can be readily liquidated without penalty at the Company’s option. Cash equivalents are carried at cost which approximates fair market value. The Company had immaterial amounts of restricted cash as of June 30, 2024, and 2023.
Trade Receivables, net of allowance for credit losses ("Trade accounts receivable, net"): Trade accounts receivable, net, are stated at the amount the Company expects to collect, which is net of an allowance for sales returns and the estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. The allowance for doubtful accounts is estimated based on the current expected credit loss model ("CECL") and it incorporates information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions. When determining the collectability of specific customer accounts, several factors are evaluated, including customer creditworthiness, past transaction history with the customer, and changes in customer payment terms or practices. In addition, overall historical collection experience, current economic industry trends, and a review of the current status of trade accounts receivable are considered when determining the required allowance for credit losses. Changes in allowance for doubtful accounts were not material for fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022.
The Company enters into customer-based supply-chain financing programs from time to time to sell trade receivables to third-party financial institutions. Agreements which result in true sales of the transferred receivables, which occur when receivables are transferred without recourse to the Company, are reflected as a reduction of trade receivables, net on the consolidated balance sheets and the proceeds are included in the cash flows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. Agreements that allow the Company to maintain effective control over the transferred receivables and which do not qualify as a true sale are accounted for as secured borrowings and recorded on the consolidated balance sheets within trade receivables, net and short-term debt. The expenses associated with receivables factoring are recorded in the consolidated statements of income primarily as a reduction of net sales. The Company did not factor any material trade receivables in fiscal years 2024 and 2023 which did not qualify as true sales of the receivables.
Inventories, net: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost of inventories is based upon the first-in, first-out ("FIFO") method or average cost method. Costs related to inventories include raw materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead.
Property, Plant, and Equipment, Net ("PP&E"): PP&E is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment and includes expenditures for new facilities and equipment, as well as costs that substantially increase the useful lives or capacity of existing PP&E. Cost of constructed assets includes capitalized interest incurred during the construction period. Maintenance and repairs that do not improve efficiency or extend economic life are expensed as incurred.
PP&E, including assets held under finance leases, is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or, in the case of leasehold improvements and finance leases, over the period of the lease or useful life of the asset as described below. The Company periodically reviews these estimated useful lives and, when appropriate, changes are made prospectively.
Leasehold land Over lease term
Land improvements Up to 30 years
Buildings Up to 45 years
Machinery and equipment Up to 25 years
Finance leases Lease term or 5 to 25 years
Impairment of Long-lived Assets: The Company reviews long-lived assets, primarily PP&E and certain identifiable intangible assets with finite lives, for impairment when facts or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. If impairment indicators are present and the estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value of the assets, the carrying values are reduced to their estimated fair value. Fair values are determined based on quoted market values, discounted cash flows, or external appraisals, as applicable.
Impairments of long-lived assets recognized in the consolidated statements of income, excluding assets held for sale, were as follows:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Selling, general, and administrative expenses $ - $ - $ 1
Restructuring, impairment, and other related activities, net 12 18 42
Total impairment losses recognized in the consolidated statements of income $ 12 $ 18 $ 43
Leases: The Company enters into leasing arrangements for certain manufacturing sites, offices, warehouses, land, vehicles, and equipment. The Company determines at the inception of the contract whether the contract is or contains a lease. A contract is a lease if it conveys the right to control an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.
For leases with an original term of more than twelve months, the Company recognizes a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability. Short-term leases with a term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheets and the related expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
Lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of the remaining lease payments over the lease terms, which include any noncancellable lease terms and any renewal periods that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. A significant portion of the Company's leases includes an option or options to extend the lease term. The Company re-evaluates its leases on a regular basis to consider the economic and strategic incentives of exercising lease renewal options. As the implicit rates in the Company's leases generally cannot be readily determined, the Company uses estimates of its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rates to determine the lease liabilities.
Certain leases require variable payments that are dependent on usage, output, or other factors. Variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or rate are excluded from lease payments in the measurement of the ROU lease asset and lease liability and recognized as an expense in the period in which the obligation for the payments occur.
Goodwill: Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is not amortized but is instead tested annually for impairment by the Company as of April 1 of each fiscal year or whenever events and circumstances indicate an impairment may have occurred during the fiscal year. Factors that could trigger an impairment review include a significant decline in a reporting unit’s operating results compared to its operating plan or historical performance, and competitive pressures and changes in the general markets in which it operates. All goodwill is assigned to a reporting unit, which is defined as the operating segment. The Company has six reporting units with goodwill that are assessed for potential impairment.
When performing the required impairment tests, the Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine if a quantitative assessment for goodwill impairment is necessary. If the qualitative assessment concludes that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, the Company performs a quantitative assessment. The Company's quantitative assessment utilizes discounted cash flow models to determine the fair value of the reporting units. Deriving fair value using discounted cash flows requires judgment and is sensitive to changes in underlying assumptions and market factors. Key assumptions include revenue growth, projected operating income growth, market multiples, terminal values, and discount rates. Sensitivity analyses are performed around certain of these assumptions to assess
the reasonableness of the assumptions and the resulting estimated fair values. If current expectations of future growth rates and margins are not met, or if market factors beyond the Company’s control, such as factors impacting the applicable discount rate or economic or political conditions in key markets, change significantly, then goodwill allocated to one or more reporting units may be impaired.
In fiscal year 2024, the Company performed quantitative impairment tests for all of its reporting units and the Company concluded that goodwill was not impaired as the fair values of the reporting units substantially exceeded their carrying values.
Other Intangible Assets, Net: Contractual or separable intangible assets that have finite useful lives are amortized against income using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which range from 1 to 20 years. The straight-line method of amortization reflects an appropriate allocation of the costs of the intangible assets to earnings in proportion to the amount of economic benefits obtained by the Company in each reporting period.
Costs incurred to develop software programs to be used solely to meet the Company's internal needs have been capitalized as computer software within other intangible assets.
Fair Value Measurements: The fair values of the Company's financial assets and financial liabilities reflect the amounts that would be received to sell the assets or paid to transfer the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The Company determines fair value based on a three-tiered fair value hierarchy. The hierarchy consists of:
•Level 1: fair value measurements represent exchange-traded securities, which are valued at quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access as of the reporting date;
•Level 2: fair value measurements are determined using input prices that are directly observable for the asset or liability or indirectly observable through corroboration with observable market data; and
•Level 3: fair value measurements are determined using unobservable inputs, such as internally developed pricing models for the asset or liability due to little or no market activity for the asset or liability.
Derivative Instruments: The Company recognizes all derivative instruments on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. The impact on earnings from recognizing the fair values of these instruments depends on their intended use, their hedge designation and their effectiveness in offsetting changes in the fair values of the exposures they are hedging. Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are adjusted to fair value through income. Depending on the nature of derivatives designated as hedging instruments, changes in the fair value are either offset against the change in fair value of the hedged assets, liabilities, or firm commitments through earnings or recognized in shareholders’ equity through other comprehensive income/(loss) until the hedged item is recognized. Gains or losses, if any, related to the ineffective portion of any hedge are recognized through earnings over the life of the hedging relationship.
See Note 11, "Derivative Instruments," for more information regarding specific derivative instruments included on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, such as forward foreign currency exchange contracts, currency swap contracts, and interest rate swap arrangements, among other derivative instruments.
Employee Benefit Plans: The Company sponsors various defined contribution plans to which it makes contributions on behalf of employees. The expense under such plans was $91 million, $87 million, and $79 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
The Company also sponsors a number of defined benefit plans that provide benefits to current and former employees. For the Company-sponsored plans, the relevant accounting guidance requires management to make certain assumptions relating to the long-term rate of return on plan assets, discount rates used to determine the present value of future obligations and expenses, salary inflation rates, mortality rates, and other assumptions. The Company believes that the accounting estimates related to its pension plans are critical accounting estimates because they are highly susceptible to change from period to period based on the performance of plan assets, actuarial valuations, market conditions, and contracted benefit changes. The selection of assumptions is based on historical trends, known economic and market conditions at the time of valuation, and independent studies of trends performed by the Company’s actuaries. However, actual results may differ substantially from the estimates that were based on the critical assumptions.
The Company recognizes the funded status of each defined benefit pension plan in the consolidated balance sheets. Each overfunded plan is recognized as an asset in employee benefit assets and each underfunded plan is recognized as a liability
in employee benefit obligations. Pension plan liabilities are revalued annually, or when an event occurs that requires remeasurement, based on updated assumptions and information about the individuals covered by the plan. Accumulated actuarial gains and losses in excess of a 10 percent corridor and the prior service cost are amortized on a straight-line basis from the date recognized over the average remaining service period of active participants or over the average life expectancy for plans with significant inactive participants. The service costs related to defined benefits are included in operating income. The other components of net benefit cost other than service cost are recorded within other non-operating income, net in the consolidated statements of income.
Equity Method and Other Investments: Investments in ordinary shares of companies, in which the Company believes it exercises significant influence over operating and financial policies, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Investments in limited partnerships or limited liability companies that maintain separate ownership accounts are also accounted for under the equity method unless the Company's interest is so minor that it has virtually no influence over the investee's operating and financial policies. Under this method, the investment is carried at cost and is adjusted to recognize the investor’s share of earnings or losses of the investee after the date of acquisition and is adjusted for impairment whenever it is determined that a decline in the fair value below the cost basis is other than temporary. The fair value of the investment then becomes the new cost basis of the investment, and it is not adjusted for subsequent recoveries in fair value. The Company reviews its investments accounted for under the equity method for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable.
All equity investments that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the equity method are measured at fair value with unrealized gains and losses related to mark-to-market adjustments included in net income. The Company utilizes the measurement alternative for equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values and measures these investments at cost adjusted for impairments and observable price changes in orderly transactions. See Note 7, "Equity Method and Other Investments," for more information on the Company's equity method and other investments.
Contingencies: The Company is subject to numerous contingencies arising in the ordinary course of business, such as legal and administrative proceedings, environmental claims and proceedings, workers' compensation, and other claims. Accruals for estimated losses are recorded by the Company at the time information becomes available indicating that losses are probable, and the amounts can be reasonably estimated. When management can reasonably estimate a range of losses that it may incur, it records an accrual for the amount within the range that constitutes its best estimate. If no amount within a range appears to be a better estimate than any other, the low end of the range is accrued. The Company records anticipated recoveries under existing insurance contracts when recovery is probable.
Share-based Compensation: The Company has a variety of equity incentive plans. For employee awards with a service or market condition, compensation expense is recognized over the vesting period on a straight-line basis using the grant date fair value of the award and the estimated number of awards that are expected to vest. For awards with a performance condition, the Company reassesses the probability of vesting at each reporting period and adjusts compensation cost based on its probability assessment. The Company also has immaterial cash-settled share-based compensation plans which are accounted for as liabilities. Such share-based awards are remeasured to fair value at each reporting date. The Company estimates forfeitures based on employee level, time remaining to vest, and historical forfeiture experience.
Income Taxes: The Company uses the asset and liability method to account for income taxes. Deferred income taxes reflect the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each balance sheet date, based upon enacted income tax laws and tax rates. Income tax expense or benefit is provided based on earnings reported in the consolidated financial statements. The provision for income tax expense or benefit differs from the amounts of income taxes currently payable because certain items of income and expense included in the consolidated financial statements are recognized in different time periods by taxing authorities.
Deferred tax assets, including operating losses, capital losses, and tax credit carryforwards, are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that any portion of these tax attributes will not be realized. In addition, from time to time, management assesses the need to accrue or disclose uncertain tax positions. In making these assessments, management must often analyze complex tax laws of multiple jurisdictions. Accounting guidance prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The Company records the related interest expense and penalties, if any, as tax expense in the tax provision. See Note 16, "Income Taxes," for more information on the Company's income taxes.
Note 3 - New Accounting Guidance
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In September 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2022-04 that adds certain disclosure requirements for entities that use supplier finance programs in connection with the purchase of goods and services. The Company adopted the disclosure requirements in ASU 2022-04 on July 1, 2023, except for the amendment on roll forward information, which is effective in fiscal year 2025.
The Company facilitates several regional voluntary supply chain financing ("SCF") programs with financial institutions, all of which have similar characteristics. The Company establishes these SCF programs to provide its suppliers with a potential source of liquidity and to enable a more efficient payment process. Under these SCF programs, qualifying suppliers may elect, but are not obligated, to sell their receivables due from Amcor to these financial institutions in advance of the agreed payment due date. The Company is not involved in negotiations between the suppliers and the financial institutions, and its rights and obligations to its suppliers are not impacted by its suppliers’ decisions to sell amounts to the financial institutions. Under these SCF programs, the Company agrees to pay the financial institution the stated invoice amounts from its participating suppliers on the original maturity dates of the invoices. The range of payment terms negotiated with suppliers under these arrangements are consistent with industry norms and short-term in nature, regardless of whether a supplier participates in the program. The Company's SCF programs do not include any guarantees to the financial institutions, or any assets pledged as securities.
All outstanding amounts related to suppliers participating in the SCF programs are reflected in trade payables in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, and associated payments are included in operating activities within the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows. As of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, the amounts due to suppliers participating in the Company’s SCF programs amounted to $1.1 billion.
Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-07 that adds new reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included within segment profit or loss. The standard's amendments are effective for the Company for annual periods beginning July 1, 2024, and interim periods beginning July 1, 2025, with early adoption permitted, and will be applied retrospectively to all periods in the financial statements. The Company will adopt this guidance in fiscal year 2025. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this guidance will have on its disclosures.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 that adds new income tax disclosure requirements, primarily related to existing income tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The standard's amendments are effective for the Company for annual periods beginning July 1, 2025, with early adoption permitted, and can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this guidance will have on its disclosures.
The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs issued by the FASB. The Company determined at this time that all other ASUs not yet adopted are either not applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Note 4 - Restructuring, Impairment, and Other Related Activities, Net
Restructuring, impairment, and other related activities, net as reported on the consolidated statements of income are summarized as follows:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Gain on disposal of Russian business, net $ - $ 215 $ -
Restructuring and related expenses, net (97) (111) (96)
Russia-Ukraine impairment expenses - - (138)
Restructuring, impairment, and other related activities, net $ (97) $ 104 $ (234)
A pre-tax net gain on disposal of the Company's three manufacturing facilities in Russia ("Russian business") of $215 million was recognized during fiscal year 2023. The carrying value of the Russian business had previously been impaired by $90 million in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2022, following the Company's approved plan to sell its Russian business. For further information, refer to Note 5, "Acquisitions and Divestitures".
Impairment expenses of $138 million were incurred in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2022 as a result of the Russia-Ukraine conflict. In addition to the impairment charge on the Russian business mentioned above, the Company recognized other impairment expenses of $48 million, given the expectation that certain assets not held for sale in the conflict region were not recoverable. The Company's manufacturing plant in Ukraine ceased operations in February 2022 and has not resumed operations given the ongoing conflict in the region has displaced the Company's employees, destroyed nearby manufacturing facilities, and impaired the region's supporting infrastructure.
Other asset impairment expenses in the last three fiscal years were not material and were primarily reported in restructuring and related expenses, net.
Refer to Note 6, "Restructuring," for information on restructuring and related expenses, net.
Note 5 - Acquisitions and Divestitures
Acquisitions
Year ended June 30, 2024
On September 27, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of a small manufacturer of flexible packaging for food, home care, and personal care applications in India for a purchase consideration of $14 million plus the assumption of debt of $10 million. The acquisition is part of the Company's Flexibles reportable segment and the Company aims to complete the purchase price allocation as soon as practicable but no later than one year from the date of the acquisition.
Year ended June 30, 2023
On August 1, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of 100% equity interest in a Czech Republic company that operates a world-class flexible packaging manufacturing plant. The purchase consideration of $59 million included a deferred portion of $5 million that was paid in the first quarter of fiscal year 2024. The acquisition is part of the Company's Flexibles reportable segment and resulted in the recognition of acquired identifiable net assets of $36 million and goodwill of $23 million. Goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.
On March 17, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of 100% equity interest in a medical device packaging manufacturing site in Shanghai, China. The purchase consideration of $61 million included contingent consideration of $20 million, to be earned and paid in cash over the three years following the acquisition date, subject to meeting certain performance targets. The acquisition is part of the Company's Flexibles reportable segment and resulted in the recognition of acquired identifiable net assets of $21 million and goodwill of $40 million. Goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.
On May 31, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of a New Zealand based leading manufacturer of state-of-the-art, automated protein packaging machines. The purchase consideration of $45 million was subject to customary post-closing adjustments. The consideration includes contingent consideration of $13 million, to be earned and paid in cash over the two years following the acquisition date, subject to meeting certain performance targets. The acquisition is part of the Company's Flexibles reportable segment and resulted in the recognition of acquired identifiable net assets of $21 million and goodwill of $24 million. Goodwill is deductible for tax purposes.
The fair value estimates for all four acquisitions in fiscal years 2024 and 2023 were based on income, market, and cost valuation methods. Pro forma information related to these acquisitions has not been presented, as the effect of the acquisitions on the Company's consolidated financial statements was not material. The fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired and goodwill are based on the Company's best estimates using information available as of the respective acquisition date.
Divestitures
Year ended June 30, 2023
On December 23, 2022, the Company completed the sale of its Russian business after receiving all necessary regulatory approvals and cash proceeds, including receipt of closing cash balances. The sale followed the Company’s previously announced plan to pursue the orderly sale of its Russian business. The total net cash consideration received, excluding disposed cash and items settled net, was $365 million and resulted in a pre-tax net gain of $215 million. The carrying value of the Russian business had previously been impaired by $90 million in the quarter ended June 30, 2022. The impairment charge was based on the Company's best estimate of the fair value of its Russian business, which considered the wide range of indicative bids received and uncertain regulatory environment. The net pre-tax gain on disposal of the Russian business was recorded as restructuring, impairment, and other related activities, net within the consolidated statements of income. The Russian business had a net carrying value of $252 million, including allocated goodwill of $46 million and accumulated other comprehensive losses of $73 million, primarily attributed to foreign currency translation adjustments.
Year ended June 30, 2022
During the third quarter of fiscal year 2022, the Company completed the disposal of non-core assets in the Flexibles reportable segment. The Company recorded an expense of $10 million during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, to adjust the long-lived assets to their fair value less cost to sell.
Note 6 - Restructuring
Restructuring and related expenses, net were $97 million, $111 million, and $96 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The net expenses related to restructuring activities have been presented on the consolidated statements of income as part of restructuring, impairment, and other related activities, net. The Company's restructuring activities for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, and 2023 were primarily comprised of restructuring activities related to the 2023 Restructuring Plan (as defined below). The Company's restructuring activities for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, included expenses triggered by the Russia-Ukraine conflict to help mitigate the impact of the Russian sale and expenses related to the Company's 2019 plan from the integration of the acquired Bemis operations ("2019 Bemis Integration Plan"), which was substantially completed at the end of fiscal year 2022.
Restructuring related expenses are directly attributable to restructuring activities; however, they do not qualify for special accounting treatment as exit or disposal activities. The Company believes the disclosure of restructuring related costs provides more information on its restructuring activities.
2023 Restructuring Plan
On February 7, 2023, the Company announced that it will allocate approximately $110 million to $130 million of the sale proceeds from the Russian business to various cost saving initiatives to partly offset divested earnings from the Russian business (the "2023 Restructuring Plan" or the "Plan"). The Company expects total Plan cash and non-cash net expenses of approximately $220 million, of which $85 million relates to employee related expenses, $33 million to fixed asset related expenses (net of expected gains on asset disposals), $62 million to other restructuring expenses, and $40 million to restructuring related expenses. The Plan initiatives are expected to result in approximately $130 million of net cash expenditures. The Plan includes both the Flexibles and Rigid Packaging reportable segments and is expected to be largely completed by the end of calendar year 2024.
From the initiation of the Plan through June 30, 2024, the Company has incurred $82 million in employee related expenses, $31 million in fixed asset related expenses, $47 million in other restructuring, and $21 million in restructuring related expenses, with $156 million incurred in the Flexibles reportable segment and $25 million incurred in the Rigid Packaging reportable segment. The Plan has resulted in cumulative net cash outflows of approximately $70 million.
The restructuring related costs relate primarily to the closure of facilities and include startup and training costs after relocation of equipment, and other costs incidental to the Plan.
2019 Bemis Integration Plan
In connection with the acquisition of Bemis Company, Inc. ("Bemis"), the Company initiated restructuring activities in the fourth quarter of 2019 aimed at integrating and optimizing the combined organization.
The 2019 Bemis Integration Plan was completed by June 30, 2022, with a final pre-tax integration cost amounting to $253 million. The total 2019 Bemis Integration Plan cost included $213 million of restructuring and related expenses, net, and $40 million of general integration expenses. The net cash expenditures for the plan, including disposal proceeds, were $170 million, of which $40 million related to general integration expenses. As part of this Plan, the Company incurred $144 million in employee related expenses, $36 million in fixed asset related expenses, $39 million in other restructuring, and $45 million in restructuring related expenses, partially offset by a gain on disposal of a business of $51 million.
The restructuring related costs relate primarily to the closure of facilities and include costs to replace graphics, train new employees on relocated equipment, and losses on sale of closed facilities.
Other Restructuring Plans
During fiscal year 2024, the Company recorded $10 million in restructuring and related expenses classified within Other Restructuring Plans of which $1 million related to employee related expenses, $2 million to fixed asset related expenses, $3 million to other restructuring expenses, and $4 million to restructuring related expenses. During fiscal year 2023, the Company recorded $17 million in restructuring and related expenses classified within Other Restructuring Plans of which $3 million related to employee related expenses, $5 million to fixed asset related expenses, $5 million to other restructuring expenses, and $4 million to restructuring related expenses. During fiscal year 2022, the Company recorded $57 million in restructuring and related expenses classified within Other Restructuring Plans triggered by the Russia-Ukraine conflict to help mitigate the impact of disposed earnings from the Russian sale.
Consolidated Restructuring Plans
The total expenses incurred from the beginning of the Company's 2019 Bemis Integration Plan, 2023 Restructuring Plan, and Other Restructuring Plans are as follows:
($ in millions) 2019 Bemis Integration Plan (3) 2023 Restructuring Plan (1) Other Restructuring Plans (2) Total Restructuring and Related Expenses, Net
Fiscal year 2019 $ 48 $ - $ 19 $ 67
Fiscal year 2020 60 - 18 78
Fiscal year 2021 68 - 6 74
Fiscal year 2022 37 - 59 96
Fiscal year 2023 - 94 17 111
Fiscal year 2024 - 87 10 97
Net expenses incurred $ 213 $ 181 $ 129 $ 523
(1)Includes restructuring related costs of $15 million and $6 million for fiscal years 2024 and 2023, respectively. In fiscal years 2024 and 2023, respectively, $69 million and $86 million of restructuring and related expenses, net, were incurred in the Flexibles reportable segment and $18 million and $8 million in the Rigid Packaging reportable segment.
(2)Includes restructuring related costs of $4 million in both fiscal years 2024 and 2023. Fiscal year 2022 includes $55 million in restructuring expenses and $2 million of restructuring related expenses that pertain to the Russia-Ukraine conflict as discussed above in section "Other Restructuring Plans."
(3)Fiscal year 2022 includes $17 million of restructuring related costs from the 2019 Bemis Integration Plan.
An analysis of the restructuring expenses by type incurred follows:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Employee related expenses $ 18 $ 68 $ 58
Fixed asset related expenses, net (1) 20 18 4
Other expenses 40 15 15
Total restructuring expenses, net $ 78 $ 101 $ 77
(1) Fiscal year 2024 includes a net gain on disposal of properties of $6 million.
An analysis of the Company's restructuring plan liability, not including restructuring related liabilities, is as follows:
($ in millions) Employee Costs Fixed Asset Related Costs Other Costs Total Restructuring Costs
Liability balance at June 30, 2021
$ 78 $ - $ 17 $ 95
Net charges to earnings 58 4 15 77
Cash (paid)/received, net (27) 4 (14) (37)
Non-cash and other (3) (5) - (8)
Foreign currency translation (9) - - (9)
Liability balance at June 30, 2022
97 3 18 118
Net charges to earnings 68 18 15 101
Cash paid (42) - (13) (55)
Non-cash and other - (18) - (18)
Foreign currency translation 3 - 1 4
Liability balance at June 30, 2023
126 3 21 150
Net charges to earnings 18 26 40 84
Cash paid (61) - (42) (103)
Non-cash and other - (26) - (26)
Foreign currency translation (3) - - (3)
Liability balance at June 30, 2024
$ 80 $ 3 $ 19 $ 102
The Company expects the majority of the liability for employee, fixed assets related, and other costs as of June 30, 2024, to be paid within the next twelve months. The accruals related to restructuring activities have been recorded on the consolidated balance sheets under other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities.
Note 7 - Equity Method and Other Investments
As of June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company has investments of $87 million and $89 million, respectively, in multiple equity and other investments. All of the investments are individually immaterial, with the Company's largest equity investment of $38 million and $33 million as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, in ePac Holdings, LLC ("ePac") representing an ownership of 21.5% and 18.9%, respectively. The Company's investment in ePac has been accounted for under the equity method since fiscal year 2023. All investments are included in other non-current assets in the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The Company accounts for its share in ePac's net loss in equity in loss of affiliated companies, net of tax in the consolidated statements of income, with a three month lag due to the availability of financial information.
The Company received no dividends from its equity method investments in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022.
Note 8 - Property, Plant, and Equipment, Net
The components of property, plant, and equipment, net, were as follows:
($ in millions) June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023
Land and land improvements $ 196 $ 203
Buildings and improvements 1,424 1,483
Plant and equipment 6,358 6,084
Total property, plant, and equipment 7,978 7,770
Accumulated depreciation (4,178) (3,963)
Accumulated impairment (37) (45)
Total property, plant, and equipment, net $ 3,763 $ 3,762
Depreciation expense amounted to $402 million, $395 million, and $398 million for fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Amortization of assets under finance leases is included in depreciation expense.
Note 9 - Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill attributable to each reportable segment were as follows:
($ in millions) Flexibles Segment Rigid Packaging Segment Total
Balance as of June 30, 2022 $ 4,307 $ 978 $ 5,285
Acquisitions and acquisition adjustments (1) 98 - 98
Disposals (2) (30) - (30)
Foreign currency translation 16 (3) 13
Balance as of June 30, 2023 4,391 975 5,366
Acquisitions and acquisition adjustments (1) 1 - 1
Foreign currency translation (19) (3) (22)
Balance as of June 30, 2024 $ 4,373 $ 972 $ 5,345
(1) Acquisitions and acquisition adjustments are detailed in Note 5, "Acquisitions and Divestitures."
(2) As of June 30, 2022, $16 million of goodwill attributable to the Russian business was classified as assets held for sale, net. When the business was disposed on December 23, 2022, an additional $30 million of goodwill was allocated and disposed of. For further information, refer to Note 5, "Acquisitions and Divestitures."
Other Intangible Assets, Net
Other intangible assets, net were comprised of the following:
June 30, 2024
($ in millions) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization and Impairment (1) Net Carrying Amount
Customer relationships $ 1,999 $ (791) $ 1,208
Computer software 272 (182) 90
Other (2) 334 (241) 93
Total other intangible assets $ 2,605 $ (1,214) $ 1,391
June 30, 2023
($ in millions) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization and Impairment (1) Net Carrying Amount
Customer relationships $ 1,987 $ (660) $ 1,327
Computer software 261 (185) 76
Other (2) 327 (206) 121
Total other intangible assets $ 2,575 $ (1,051) $ 1,524
(1)Accumulated amortization and impairment as of June 30, 2024, and 2023, included $34 million of accumulated impairment in the Other category.
(2)As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, Other included $17 million of acquired intellectual property assets not yet being amortized as the related R&D projects have not yet been completed.
Amortization expenses for intangible assets were $181 million, $174 million, and $180 million during the fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. During the last three fiscal years, there were no impairment charges recorded on intangible assets.
Estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets is as follows:
($ in millions) Amortization
Fiscal year 2025 $ 162
Fiscal year 2026 159
Fiscal year 2027 145
Fiscal year 2028 144
Fiscal year 2029 139
Note 10 - Fair Value Measurements
The fair values of the Company's financial assets and financial liabilities listed below reflect the amounts that would be received to sell the assets or paid to transfer the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price).
The Company's non-derivative financial instruments primarily include cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, trade payables, short-term debt, and long-term debt. At June 30, 2024, and 2023, the carrying value of these financial instruments, excluding long-term debt, approximated fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments.
Fair value disclosures are classified based on the fair value hierarchy. See Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," for information about the Company's fair value hierarchy.
The carrying value of long-term debt with variable interest rates approximates its fair value. The fair value of the Company's long-term debt with fixed interest rates is based on market prices, if available, or expected future cash flows discounted at the current interest rate for financial liabilities with similar risk profiles.
The carrying values and estimated fair values of long-term debt with fixed interest rates (excluding the fair value of designated receive-fixed, pay-variable rate swaps) were as follows:
June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023
Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value
($ in millions) (Level 2) (Level 2)
Total long-term debt with fixed interest rates (excluding commercial paper (1) and finance leases)
$ 5,141 $ 4,973 $ 4,123 $ 3,844
(1)As of June 30, 2023, the Company had entered into interest rate swap contracts for a total notional amount of commercial paper equal to $1.2 billion, maturing on June 30, 2024. These contracts were considered to be economic hedges and the related $1.2 billion notional amount of commercial paper was also excluded from the total long-term debt with fixed interest rates.
Assets and Liabilities Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Additionally, the Company measures and records certain assets and liabilities, including derivative instruments and contingent purchase consideration liabilities, at fair value. The following tables summarize the fair values of these instruments, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, by level, within the fair value hierarchy:
June 30, 2024
($ in millions) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets
Commodity contracts $ - $ 2 $ - $ 2
Forward exchange contracts - 2 - 2
Total assets measured at fair value $ - $ 4 $ - $ 4
Liabilities
Contingent purchase consideration liabilities $ - $ - $ 36 $ 36
Commodity contracts - 1 - 1
Forward exchange contracts - 4 - 4
Interest rate swaps - 92 - 92
Cross currency swaps - 16 - 16
Total liabilities measured at fair value $ - $ 113 $ 36 $ 149
June 30, 2023
($ in millions) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets
Forward exchange contracts $ - $ 3 $ - $ 3
Interest rate swaps - 16 - 16
Total assets measured at fair value $ - $ 19 $ - $ 19
Liabilities
Contingent purchase consideration liabilities $ - $ - $ 46 $ 46
Commodity contracts - 2 - 2
Forward exchange contracts - 5 - 5
Interest rate swaps - 96 - 96
Total liabilities measured at fair value $ - $ 103 $ 46 $ 149
The fair value of the commodity contracts was determined using a discounted cash flow analysis based on the terms of the contracts and observed market forward prices discounted at a currency specific rate. Forward exchange contract fair values were determined based on quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets using inputs such as currency rates and forward points. The fair value of the interest rate swaps was determined using a discounted cash flow method based on market-based swap yield curves, taking into account current interest rates.
Contingent purchase consideration liabilities arise from business acquisitions and other investments. As of June 30, 2024, the Company had contingent purchase consideration liabilities of $36 million, consisting of $26 million of contingent purchase consideration predominantly relating to fiscal year 2023 acquisitions (refer to Note 5, "Acquisitions and Divestitures") and a $10 million liability that is contingent on future royalty income generated by Discma AG, a subsidiary acquired in March 2017. The fair values of the contingent purchase consideration liabilities were determined for each arrangement individually. The fair values were determined using an income approach with significant inputs that are not observable in the market. Key assumptions include the selection of discount rates consistent with the level of risk of achievement and probability-adjusted financial projections. The expected outcomes are recorded at net present value, which require adjustment over the life for changes in risks and probabilities. Changes arising from modifications in forecasts related to contingent consideration are not expected to be material. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, income of $9 million was recorded in other income/(expenses), net from remeasuring the fair value of the Company's contingent purchase consideration liability.
The fair value of contingent purchase consideration liabilities is included in other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the value of the Company's Level 3 financial liabilities:
June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023
Fair value at the beginning of the year $ 46 $ 16
Additions due to acquisitions 1 33
Change in fair value of Level 3 liabilities (9) (2)
Payments (2) -
Foreign currency translation - (1)
Fair value at the end of the year $ 36 $ 46
Assets and Liabilities Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
In addition to assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, the Company records certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, generally when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable, or when they are deemed to be other than temporarily impaired. These assets include goodwill and other intangible assets, equity method and other investments, long-lived assets and disposal groups held for sale, and other long-lived assets. The fair values of these assets are determined, when applicable, based on valuation techniques using the best information
available, and may include quoted market prices, market comparables, and discounted cash flow projections. These nonrecurring fair value measurements are considered to be Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.
During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, and 2023, there were no impairment charges recorded on indefinite-lived intangibles, including goodwill. During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2022, the Company met the criteria to recognize the related assets and liabilities of its Russian operations as held for sale which resulted in the Company remeasuring the disposal group at its fair value, less cost to sell, which is considered a Level 3 fair value measurement. As a result, the Company recorded an impairment of $90 million. For information on long-lived asset impairments, refer to Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies".
In addition, resulting from the effective disposal of non-core businesses during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded a total loss of $34 million, predominantly to adjust the long-lived assets to their fair value less cost to sell. Of these losses, $24 million are included within restructuring, impairment, and other related activities, net as relating to the Russia-Ukraine conflict with the balance recorded in other income, net in the consolidated statements of income. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, further long-lived assets with a carrying value of $12 million were written down to a fair value of zero as the Company's Durban, South Africa, manufacturing facility was destroyed in a fire as the result of general civil unrest. In addition, during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, other long-lived assets in South Africa, with a carrying amount of $8 million, were written down to their estimated fair value of $4 million using level 3 inputs. These expenses are included within other income, net in the consolidated statements of income.
Note 11 - Derivative Instruments
The Company periodically uses derivatives and other financial instruments to hedge exposures to interest rate, commodity price, and currency risks. The Company does not hold or issue derivative instruments for speculative or trading purposes. For hedges that meet the hedge accounting criteria, the Company, at inception, formally designates and documents the instruments as a fair value hedge or a cash flow hedge of a specific underlying exposure. On an ongoing basis, the Company assesses and documents that its hedges have been and are expected to continue to be highly effective.
Interest Rate Risk
The Company's policy is to manage exposure to interest rate risk by maintaining a mixture of fixed-rate and variable-rate debt, monitoring global interest rates, and, where appropriate, hedging floating interest rate exposure or debt at fixed interest rates through various interest rate derivative instruments, including, but not limited to, interest rate swaps, and interest rate locks. For interest rate swaps that are accounted for as fair value hedges, the gains and losses related to the changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps are included in interest expense and offset changes in the fair value of the hedged portion of the underlying debt that are attributable to the changes in market interest rates. Changes in the fair value of interest rate swaps that have not been designated as hedging instruments are reported in the accompanying consolidated statements of income in other income/(expenses), net.
In October 2022, the Company entered into interest rate swap contracts for a total notional amount of $1.25 billion. Under the terms of the contracts, the Company paid a weighted-average fixed rate of interest of 4.53% and received a variable rate of interest, based on compound overnight Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), for the period from November 2022 through June 2023, settled monthly. In March 2023, the Company entered into interest rate swap contracts for a total notional amount of $1.2 billion. Under the terms of the contracts, the Company paid a weighted-average fixed interest rate of 3.88% and received a variable rate of interest, based on 1-month Term SOFR, from July 2023 through June 2024, settled monthly. As of June 30, 2024, the Company had no receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps outstanding. As of June 30, 2023, the Company had no other receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps than those listed above. The Company did not apply hedge accounting on these economic hedging instruments.
As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, the total notional amount of the Company's receive-fixed, pay-variable interest rate swaps was $650 million.
Foreign Currency Risk
The Company manufactures and sells its products and finances operations in a number of countries throughout the world and, as a result, is exposed to movements in foreign currency exchange rates. The purpose of the Company's foreign currency hedging program is to manage the volatility associated with the changes in exchange rates. To manage this exchange rate risk, the Company utilizes forward contracts and cross currency swaps.
Forward contracts that qualify for hedge accounting are designated as cash flow hedges of certain forecasted transactions denominated in foreign currencies. The effective portion of the changes in fair value of these instruments is reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCI") and reclassified into earnings in the same financial statement line item and in the same period or periods during which the related hedged transactions affect earnings. The ineffective portion is recognized in earnings over the life of the hedging relationship in the same consolidated statements of income line item as the underlying hedged item. Changes in the fair value of forward contracts that have not been designated as hedging instruments are reported in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, the notional amount of the outstanding forward contracts was $0.6 billion and $0.5 billion, respectively.
In May 2024, the Company entered into cross currency swap contracts for a total notional amount of $500 million. Under the terms of the contracts, the Company swapped the notional and periodic interest payments to Swiss francs to manage the foreign currency risk, and receives a fixed U.S. dollar rate of interest of 5.450% and pays a fixed weighted-average Swiss franc rate of interest of 2.218%. The Company has designated these cross currency swap contracts as a fair value hedge of $500 million notes and recognizes the components excluded from the hedging relationship in accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCI") and reclassifies into earnings through the accrual of the periodic interest settlements on the swaps.
At June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company had cross currency swaps with a notional amount of $500 million and zero, respectively, outstanding.
Commodity Risk
Certain raw materials used in the Company's production processes are subject to price volatility caused by weather, supply conditions, political and economic variables, and other unpredictable factors. The Company's policy is to minimize exposure to price volatility by passing through the commodity price risk to customers, including through the use of fixed price swaps.
In some cases, the Company purchases, on behalf of customers, fixed price commodity swaps to offset the exposure of price volatility on the underlying sales contracts. These instruments are cash closed out on maturity and the related cost or benefit is passed through to customers. Information about commodity price exposure is derived from supply forecasts submitted by customers and these exposures are hedged by central treasury units. Changes in the fair value of commodity hedges are recognized in AOCI. The cumulative amount of the hedge is recognized in the consolidated statements of income when the forecasted transaction is realized.
The Company had the following outstanding commodity contracts to hedge forecasted purchases:
June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023
Commodity Volume Volume
Aluminum 10,673 tons 14,325 tons
PET resin 27,916,666 lbs. 0 lbs.
The following table provides the location of derivative instruments in the consolidated balance sheets:
($ in millions) Balance Sheet Location June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023
Assets
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Commodity contracts Other current assets $ 2 $ -
Forward exchange contracts Other current assets 2 2
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Forward exchange contracts Other current assets - 1
Interest rate swaps Other current assets - 16
Total current derivative contracts 4 19
Total non-current derivative contracts - -
Total derivative asset contracts $ 4 $ 19
Liabilities
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Commodity contracts Other current liabilities $ 1 $ 2
Forward exchange contracts Other current liabilities 3 3
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Forward exchange contracts Other current liabilities 1 1
Total current derivative contracts 5 6
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Forward exchange contracts Other non-current liabilities - 1
Derivatives in fair value hedging relationships:
Interest rate swaps Other non-current liabilities 92 96
Cross currency swaps Other non-current liabilities 16 -
Total non-current derivative contracts 108 97
Total derivative liability contracts $ 113 $ 103
Certain derivative financial instruments are subject to netting arrangements and are eligible for offset. The Company has made an accounting policy election not to offset the fair values of these instruments within the consolidated balance sheets.
The following tables provide the effects of derivative instruments on AOCI and in the consolidated statements of income:
Location of Gain / (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Gain / (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Commodity contracts Cost of sales $ (2) $ 2 $ 20
Forward exchange contracts Net sales 1 (2) -
Treasury locks Interest expense (3) (3) (3)
Total $ (4) $ (3) $ 17
Location of Gain / (Loss) Recognized in the Consolidated Income Statements Gain / (Loss) Recognized in Income for Derivatives not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Forward exchange contracts Other income/(expenses), net $ 15 $ (7) $ (45)
Interest rate swaps Other income/(expenses), net (16) 16 -
Total $ (1) $ 9 $ (45)
Location of Gain / (Loss) Recognized in the Consolidated Income Statements Gain / (Loss) Recognized in Income for Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Derivatives in fair value hedging relationships:
Interest rate swaps Interest expense $ 4 $ (27) $ (75)
Cross currency swaps Interest expense 2 - -
Cross currency swaps Other income/(expenses), net (8) - -
Forward exchange contracts Other income/(expenses), net - - (11)
Total $ (2) $ (27) $ (86)
The changes in AOCI for effective derivatives were as follows:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Amounts reclassified into earnings:
Commodity contracts $ 2 $ (2) $ (20)
Forward exchange contracts (1) 2 -
Treasury locks 3 3 3
Fair value gains / (losses):
Commodity contracts 1 (2) 9
Forward exchange contracts 1 (3) (1)
Cross currency swaps (10) - -
Tax effect (1) 1 2
Total $ (5) $ (1) $ (7)
Note 12 - Defined Benefit Plans
The Company sponsors both funded and unfunded defined benefit pension plans that include a statutory and mandated benefit provision in various countries as well as voluntary plans, with both types of plans generally closed to new joiners. The Company’s principal defined benefit plans are in the United States, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and Germany. The United States plans are closed to new entrants and mostly closed to future accruals, and are funded. The Switzerland plan is open to new entrants, and is funded. The United Kingdom benefit plans are closed to new entrants and future accruals, and are funded. The Germany plans are closed to new entrants and mostly closed to future accruals, and are unfunded.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2023, Amcor announced a plan termination date of July 31, 2023, for one of the Company's closed principal funded defined benefit plans in the United States (the "U.S. Plan"). The U.S. Plan's benefit obligations as of June 30, 2023 were determined on a plan termination basis, assuming that a portion of eligible active and deferred vested participants would elect lump sum payments. In June 2024, the Company exercised its right to rescind its decision to terminate the U.S. Plan due to a change in market conditions. Benefit obligations related to the U.S. Plan of $236 million as of June 30, 2024 were determined on an ongoing plan basis.
During the second quarter of fiscal year 2022, the Company contracted with Pacific Life Insurance Company to purchase a group annuity contract and transfer $186 million of its pension plan assets and related benefit obligations related to three principal defined benefit plans in the United States. This transaction required a remeasurement of the pension plan assets and obligations and resulted in the recognition of a $3 million non-cash pension settlement loss in fiscal year 2022.
Net periodic benefit cost for benefit plans includes the following components:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Service cost $ 18 $ 13 $ 24
Interest cost 50 49 39
Expected return on plan assets (57) (55) (61)
Amortization of net loss 3 2 5
Amortization of prior service credit (4) (3) (3)
Curtailment credit (1) - -
Settlement costs 3 5 8
Net periodic benefit cost $ 12 $ 11 $ 12
Changes in benefit obligations and plan assets were as follows:
($ in millions) June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at the beginning of the year $ 1,224 $ 1,314
Service cost 18 13
Interest cost 50 49
Participant contributions 6 6
Actuarial (gain)/loss 19 (90)
Plan curtailments (1) -
Settlements (19) (27)
Benefits paid (61) (62)
Administrative expenses (6) (4)
Plan amendments 1 (4)
Other - (2)
Foreign currency translation (4) 31
Benefit obligation at the end of the year $ 1,227 $ 1,224
Accumulated benefit obligation at the end of the year $ 1,191 $ 1,186
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at the beginning of the year $ 1,061 $ 1,195
Actual return on plan assets 19 (100)
Employer contributions 36 26
Participant contributions 6 6
Benefits paid (61) (62)
Settlements (19) (27)
Administrative expenses (6) (4)
Other (2) -
Foreign currency translation (1) 27
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year $ 1,033 $ 1,061
Funded status at the end of the year $ (194) $ (163)
Actuarial losses resulting in an increase of the benefit obligation were primarily due to lower than expected asset returns mainly in the U.S., UK, Switzerland, and Ireland. Liability assumption losses for fiscal year 2024 were caused by a reduction in discount rates in the majority of territories, and an increase in the inflation assumption for the UK and Switzerland. The weighted average decrease in discount rates for the Company's pension plans was (0.1)% for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and a weighted average increase of 0.5% for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The losses were partially offset by the lower inflation rate assumption in the European Union in fiscal year 2024.
The following table provides information for defined benefit plans with a projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets:
($ in millions) June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023
Projected benefit obligation $ 808 $ 832
Fair value of plan assets 580 601
The following table provides information for defined benefit plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets:
($ in millions) June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023
Accumulated benefit obligation $ 786 $ 799
Fair value of plan assets 574 589
The following table provides information as to how the funded status is recognized in the consolidated balance sheets:
($ in millions) June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023
Non-current assets - Employee benefit assets $ 34 $ 67
Current liabilities - Other current liabilities (11) (6)
Non-current liabilities - Employee benefit obligations (217) (224)
Funded status $ (194) $ (163)
Amounts recognized in other comprehensive (income)/loss are as follows:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive (income)/loss:
Net actuarial loss/(gain) occurring during the year $ 57 $ 65 $ (91)
Net prior service loss/(gain) occurring during the year 1 (4) 1
Amortization of actuarial loss (3) (2) (5)
Gain recognized due to settlement/curtailment (2) (4) (8)
Amortization of prior service credit 4 3 3
Loss on divestiture - - (1)
Foreign currency translation - 3 (14)
Tax effect (12) (11) 21
Total recognized in other comprehensive (income)/loss $ 45 $ 50 $ (94)
Amounts in AOCI that have not yet been recognized as net periodic benefit cost are as follows:
June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Net prior service credit $ (13) $ (17) $ (15)
Net actuarial loss 181 128 65
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at the end of the year $ 168 $ 111 $ 50
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations were:
June 30,
2024 2023 2022
Discount rate 4.2 % 4.3 % 3.8 %
Rate of compensation increase 1.9 % 1.9 % 2.3 %
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost were:
Years ended June 30,
2024 2023 2022
Discount rate 4.3 % 3.8 % 2.1 %
Rate of compensation increase 1.9 % 2.3 % 1.7 %
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets 5.5 % 4.4 % 3.8 %
Where funded, the Company and, in some countries, the employees make cash contributions into the pension funds. In the case of unfunded plans, the Company is responsible for benefit payments as they fall due. Plan funding requirements are generally determined by local regulation and/or best practice and differ between countries. The local statutory funding positions are not necessarily consistent with the funded status disclosed on the consolidated balance sheets. For any funded plans in deficit (as measured under local country guidelines), the Company agrees with the trustees and plan fiduciaries to undertake suitable funding programs to provide additional contributions over time in accordance with local country requirements. Contributions to the Company's defined benefit pension plans, not including unfunded plans, are expected to be $32 million over the next fiscal year.
The following benefit payments for the succeeding five fiscal years and thereafter, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid:
($ in millions)
2025 $ 72
2026 75
2027 77
2028 77
2029 77
2030-2034 394
The ERISA Benefit Plan Committee in the United States, the Pension Plan Committee in Switzerland, and the Trustees of the pension plans in UK establish investment policies, investment strategies, allocation strategies, and investment risk profiles for the Company's pension plan assets and are required to consult with the Company on changes to their investment policy. In developing the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets at each measurement date, the Company considers the plan assets' historical returns, asset allocations, and the anticipated future economic environment and long-term performance of the asset classes. While appropriate consideration is given to recent and historical investment performance, the assumption represents management's best estimate of the long-term prospective return.
The pension plan assets measured at fair value were as follows:
June 30, 2024
($ in millions) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Equity securities $ 100 $ 29 $ - $ 129
Debt securities 104 251 - 355
Real estate 7 100 - 107
Insurance contracts - - 258 258
Cash and cash equivalents 140 11 - 151
Other 5 20 8 33
Total $ 356 $ 411 $ 266 $ 1,033
June 30, 2023
($ in millions) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Equity securities $ 114 $ 54 $ - $ 168
Debt securities 77 405 - 482
Real estate 7 105 - 112
Insurance contracts - - 192 192
Cash and cash equivalents 58 13 - 71
Other 5 22 9 36
Total $ 261 $ 599 $ 201 $ 1,061
Equity securities: Valued primarily at the closing prices reported in the active market in which the individual securities are traded (Level 1); or based on significant observable inputs such as fund values provided by the independent fund administrators (Level 2).
Debt securities: Consists of government and corporate debt securities, valued at the closing prices reported in the active market in which the individual securities are traded (Level 1); or based on observable inputs such as fund values provided by independent fund administrators, pricing of similar agency issues, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spread, live trading feeds from several vendors, and benchmark yields (Level 2). Inputs may be prioritized differently at certain times based on market conditions.
Real estate: Valued at the closing prices reported in the active market in which the individual securities are traded (Level 1); or based on observable inputs such as fund values provided by independent fund administrators (Level 2).
Insurance contracts: Valued based on the present value of the underlying insured liabilities (Level 3).
Cash and cash equivalents: Consists of cash on deposit with brokers and short-term money market funds, shown net of receivables and payables for securities traded at period end but not yet settled (Level 1) and cash indirectly held across investment funds (Level 2). All cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value.
Other:
Level 1: Derivatives valued at the closing prices reported in the active market.
Level 2: Assets held in diversified growth funds, pooled funds, financing funds, and derivatives, where the values of the assets are determined by the investment managers or other independent third parties, based on observable inputs.
Level 3: Indemnified plan assets and pooled funds (equity, credit, macro-orientated, multi-strategy, cash, and other). The values of indemnified plan assets are determined based on the value of the liabilities that the assets cover. The value of the pooled funds is calculated by the investment managers based on the net asset values of the underlying portfolios.
The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the value of the Company's Level 3 plan assets:
($ in millions)
Balance as of June 30, 2023 $ 201
Actual return on plan assets 82
Purchases, sales, and settlements (11)
Transfer out of Level 3 (5)
Foreign currency translation (1)
Balance as of June 30, 2024 $ 266
Note 13 - Debt
Long-Term Debt
The following table summarizes the carrying value of long-term debt as of June 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively:
June 30,
($ in millions) Maturities Interest rates 2024 2023
Term debt
U.S. dollar notes, $500 million (3)
May 2025 4.00 % $ 500 $ 500
U.S. dollar notes, $600 million
Apr 2026 3.63 % 600 600
U.S. dollar notes, $300 million
Sep 2026 3.10 % 300 300
Euro bonds, €500 million
Jun 2027 1.13 % 535 543
U.S. dollar notes, $500 million
May 2028 4.50 % 500 500
U.S. dollar notes, $500 million (1)
May 2029 5.45 % 500 -
U.S. dollar notes, $500 million
Jun 2030 2.63 % 500 500
U.S. dollar notes, $800 million
May 2031 2.69 % 800 800
Euro notes, €500 million (2)
May 2032 3.95 % 535 -
U.S. dollar notes, $500 million
May 2033 5.63 % 500 500
Total term debt $ 5,270 $ 4,243
Bank loans $ 25 $ 22
Commercial paper (3) 1,386 2,445
Other loans (4) 20 33
Finance lease obligations 43 50
Fair value hedge accounting adjustments (5) (92) (96)
Unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs (37) (31)
Total debt $ 6,615 $ 6,666
Less: current portion (12) (13)
Total long-term debt $ 6,603 $ 6,653
(1)On May 21, 2024, the Company issued U.S. dollar notes with an aggregate principal amount of $500 million and a contractual maturity in May 2029. The notes pay a coupon of 5.45% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears. The notes are unsecured senior obligations of the Company and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and certain of its subsidiaries.
(2)On May 22, 2024, the Company issued Euro notes with an aggregate principal amount of €500 million and a contractual maturity in May 2032. The notes pay a coupon of 3.95% per annum, payable annually in arrears. The notes are unsecured senior obligations of the Company and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and certain of its subsidiaries.
(3)Indicates debt which has been classified as long-term liabilities in accordance with the Company’s ability and intent to refinance such obligations on a long-term basis.
(4)Fiscal year 2023 includes other loans of $12 million which were classified as long-term liabilities in accordance with the Company’s ability and intent to refinance such obligations on a long-term basis.
(5)Relates to fair value hedge basis adjustments relating to interest rate hedging.
The following table summarizes the contractual maturities of the Company's long-term debt, including current maturities (excluding payments for finance leases) as of June 30, 2024, for the succeeding five fiscal years:
($ in millions)
2025 $ 501
2026 (1) 797
2027 (2) 2,028
2028 503
2029 501
(1) Commercial paper denominated in U.S. dollars is classified as maturing in 2026, supported by the 3-year syndicated facility, with one 12-month option available to the Company to extend the maturity date.
(2) Commercial paper denominated in Euros is classified as maturing in 2027, supported by the 5-year syndicated facility, with two 12-month options available to the Company to extend the maturity date.
Bank and other loans
The Company has entered into syndicated and bilateral multi-currency credit facilities with financial institutions. On April 26, 2022, the Company entered into three- and five-year syndicated facility agreements that each provided a revolving credit facility of $1.9 billion, or $3.8 billion in total. On April 23, 2024, the Company extended the maturity of its three-year facility by one year until April 2026. The three-year syndicated facility agreement will be reduced from $1.9 billion to $1.7 billion effective April 2025. The Company's five-year syndicated credit facility matures in April 2027 and provides a revolving credit facility of $1.9 billion. The three-year facility has one 12-month option available to the Company to extend the maturity date and the five-year facility has two 12-month options available to the Company to extend the maturity date.
The facilities are unsecured and the agreements include customary terms and conditions for a syndicated facility of this nature.
Interest charged on borrowings under the credit facilities is based on the applicable market rate plus the applicable margin. As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, the Company's credit facilities amounted to $3.8 billion.
As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, the Company had $2.4 billion and $1.3 billion of undrawn commitments, respectively. The Company incurs facility fees of 0.125% on the undrawn commitments. Such facility fees incurred were immaterial in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, land and buildings with a carrying value of $37 million and $38 million, respectively, have been pledged as security for bank and other loans.
Redemption of term debt
The Company may redeem its long-term debt, in whole or in part, at any time or from time to time prior to its maturity. The redemption prices typically represent 100% of the principal amount of the relevant debt plus any accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, for notes that are redeemed by the Company before their stated permitted redemption date, a make-whole premium is payable.
Priority, Guarantees, and Financial Covenants
All the notes are general unsecured senior obligations of the Company and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a joint and several basis by certain existing subsidiaries that guarantee its other indebtedness.
The Company's primary bank debt facilities and notes are unsecured and subject to negative pledge arrangements limiting the amount of secured indebtedness the Company can incur to 10.0% of total tangible assets, subject to some exceptions and variations by facility. The Company is required to satisfy certain financial covenants pursuant to its bank debt facilities, which are tested as of the last day of each quarterly and annual financial period. The covenants require the Company to maintain a leverage ratio of not higher than 3.9 times, which is calculated as total net debt divided by Adjusted EBITDA. As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants.
Short-Term Debt
Short-term debt is generally used to fund working capital requirements. The Company has classified commercial paper as long-term as of June 30, 2024, in accordance with the Company’s ability and intent to refinance such obligations on a long-term basis.
The following table summarizes the carrying value of short-term debt as of June 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively:
June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023
Bank loans $ 57 $ 13
Secured borrowings 3 -
Bank overdrafts 24 67
Total short-term debt $ 84 $ 80
As of June 30, 2024, the Company paid a weighted-average interest rate of 5.39% per annum on short-term debt, payable at maturity. As of June 30, 2023, the Company paid a weighted-average interest rate of 3.98% per annum, payable at maturity.
Note 14 - Leases
The components of lease expense are as follows:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Operating lease expense (1) $ 135 $ 127 $ 130
Short-term and variable lease expense (2) 14 21 17
Finance lease expense
Amortization of right-of-use assets (2) 4 4 2
Interest on lease liabilities (3) 1 2 1
Total lease expense $ 154 $ 154 $ 150
(1)Included in both cost of sales and selling, general, and administrative expenses
(2)Included primarily in cost of sales
(3)Included in interest expense
The Company's leases do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. As of June 30, 2024, the Company does not have material lease commitments that have not commenced.
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
June 30,
($ in millions) Balance Sheet Location 2024 2023
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net Operating lease assets $ 567 $ 533
Finance lease assets (1) Property, plant, and equipment, net 57 57
Total lease assets $ 624 $ 590
Liabilities
Operating leases:
Current operating lease liabilities Other current liabilities $ 114 $ 101
Non-current operating lease liabilities Operating lease liabilities 488 463
Finance leases:
Current finance lease liabilities Current portion of long-term debt 11 10
Non-current finance lease liabilities Long-term debt, less current portion 32 40
Total lease liabilities $ 645 $ 614
(1)Finance lease assets are recorded net of accumulated amortization of $11 million and $12 million as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 127 $ 118 $ 122
Operating cash flows from finance leases 1 2 1
Financing cash flows from finance leases 11 11 5
Lease assets obtained in exchange for new lease obligations:
Operating leases $ 44 $ 26 $ 55
Finance leases 3 - 34
Other non-cash modifications to lease assets:
Operating leases 73 33 88
The following table presents the maturities of the Company's lease liabilities recorded on the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2024:
($ in millions) Operating Leases Finance Leases
Fiscal year 2025 $ 132 $ 12
Fiscal year 2026 121 7
Fiscal year 2027 104 3
Fiscal year 2028 92 2
Fiscal year 2029 74 2
Thereafter 182 24
Total lease payments 705 50
Less: imputed interest (103) (7)
Total lease liabilities $ 602 $ 43
The weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate are as follows:
June 30,
2024 2023
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years):
Operating leases 7.2 8.0
Finance leases 10.5 10.3
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating leases 4.1 % 3.6 %
Finance leases 3.0 % 3.0 %
Note 15 - Shareholders' Equity
The changes in ordinary and treasury shares during fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, were as follows:
Ordinary Shares Treasury Shares
(shares and $ in millions) Number of Shares Amount Number of Shares Amount
Balance as of June 30, 2021 1,538 $ 15 3 $ (29)
Share buyback/cancellations (49) - - -
Options exercised and shares vested - - (13) 154
Purchase of treasury shares - - 12 (143)
Balance as of June 30, 2022 1,489 15 2 (18)
Share buyback/cancellations (41) (1) - -
Options exercised and shares vested - - (19) 227
Purchase of treasury shares - - 18 (221)
Balance as of June 30, 2023 1,448 14 1 (12)
Share buyback/cancellations (3) - - -
Shares vested - - (4) 49
Purchase of treasury shares - - 4 (48)
Balance as of June 30, 2024 1,445 $ 14 1 $ (11)
The changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022 were as follows:
Foreign Currency Translation Net Investment Hedge Pension Effective Derivatives Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
($ in millions) (Net of Tax) (Net of Tax) (Net of Tax) (Net of Tax)
Balance as of June 30, 2021 $ (691) $ (13) $ (54) $ (8) $ (766)
Other comprehensive income / (loss) before reclassifications (220) - 85 6 (129)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss 19 - 9 (13) 15
Net current period other comprehensive income / (loss) (201) - 94 (7) (114)
Balance as of June 30, 2022 (892) (13) 40 (15) (880)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications (9) - (53) (4) (66)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss 78 - 3 3 84
Net current period other comprehensive income / (loss) 69 - (50) (1) 18
Balance as of June 30, 2023 (823) (13) (10) (16) (862)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications (108) - (46) (9) (163)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss - - 1 4 5
Net current period other comprehensive income/(loss) (108) - (45) (5) (158)
Balance as of June 30, 2024 $ (931) $ (13) $ (55) $ (21) $ (1,020)
The following tables provide details of amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss:
For the years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Pension:
Amortization of prior service credit $ (4) $ (3) $ (3)
Amortization of actuarial loss 3 2 5
Loss on divestiture
- - 1
Effect of pension settlement/curtailment 2 4 8
Total before tax effect 1 3 11
Tax effect on amounts reclassified into earnings - - (2)
Total net of tax $ 1 $ 3 $ 9
(Gains)/losses on cash flow hedges:
Commodity contracts $ 2 $ (2) $ (20)
Forward exchange contracts (1) 2 -
Treasury locks 3 3 3
Total before tax effect 4 3 (17)
Tax effect on amounts reclassified into earnings - - 4
Total net of tax $ 4 $ 3 $ (13)
Losses on foreign currency translation:
Foreign currency translation adjustment (1) $ - $ 78 $ 19
Total before tax effect - 78 19
Tax effect on amounts reclassified into earnings - - -
Total net of tax $ - $ 78 $ 19
(1)During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, the Company disposed of its Russian business and certain non-core operations and transferred $73 million and $5 million, respectively, of accumulated foreign currency translation from accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, the Company effectively disposed of a non-core business and transferred $19 million of accumulated foreign currency translation from accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings. Refer to Note 5, "Acquisitions and Divestitures" for further information.
Forward contracts to purchase own shares
The Company's employee share plans require the delivery of shares to employees in the future when rights vest or vested options are exercised. The Company currently acquires shares on the open market to deliver shares to employees to satisfy vesting or exercising commitments which exposes the Company to market price risk.
To protect the Company from share price volatility, the Company has entered into forward contracts for the purchase of its ordinary shares. As of June 30, 2024, the Company had forward contracts outstanding that were entered into in September 2022 and mature in September 2024 to purchase 6 million shares at a weighted average price of $12.11. As of June 30, 2023, the Company had forward contracts outstanding that were entered into in May 2022 and September 2022 that matured between September 2023 and November 2023 to purchase 9 million shares at a weighted average price of $12.39. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, the Company's forward contracts related to 3 million shares were settled, which were outstanding as of June 30, 2023.
The forward contracts to purchase the Company's own shares have been included in other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Equity is reduced by an amount equal to the fair value of the shares at inception. The carrying value of the forward contracts at each reporting period was determined based on the present value of the cost required to settle the contracts.
Note 16 - Income Taxes
Amcor plc is a tax resident of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ("UK").
The components of income before income taxes and equity in loss of affiliated companies were as follows:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Domestic (UK) $ (108) $ 82 $ (58)
Foreign 1,015 1,169 1,173
Total income before income taxes and equity in loss of affiliated companies $ 907 $ 1,251 $ 1,115
Income tax expense consisted of the following:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Current tax:
Domestic (UK) $ 2 $ 3 $ 2
Foreign 198 247 331
Total current tax 200 250 333
Deferred tax:
Domestic (UK) 18 (6) (10)
Foreign (55) (51) (23)
Total deferred tax (37) (57) (33)
Income tax expense $ 163 $ 193 $ 300
The following is a reconciliation of income tax computed at the UK statutory tax rate of 25.0%, 20.5%, and 19.0% for fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, to income tax expense.
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Income tax expense at statutory rate $ 226 $ 256 $ 212
Foreign tax rate differential (3) 54 43
Capital gain on the sale of the Russian business - (63) -
Non-deductible expenses, non-taxable items, net (6) 16 (2)
Change in valuation allowance 3 (7) 4
Uncertain tax positions, net (51) (39) 62
Other (1) (6) (24) (19)
Income tax expense $ 163 $ 193 $ 300
(1)In fiscal year 2024, Other is comprised of adjustments to prior year provisions, movement in deferred tax positions, including a $15 million benefit from the Swiss Tax Reform, effects of foreign currency exchange rates, including a $14 million benefit from inflation adjustment in Argentina, partially offset by changes in tax rates, and other individually immaterial items. In fiscal year 2023, Other is comprised of effects of foreign currency exchange of $25 million, adjustments to prior year, movement in deferred tax positions, changes in tax rate, and other individually immaterial items. In fiscal year 2022, Other is comprised of adjustments to prior year, movements in deferred tax positions of $13 million, changes in tax rates, and other individually immaterial items.
Amcor operates in over forty different jurisdictions with a wide range of statutory tax rates. The tax expense from operating in non-UK jurisdictions in excess of the UK statutory tax rate is included in the line "Foreign tax rate differential" in the above tax rate reconciliation table. For fiscal year 2024, the Company's effective tax rate was 18.0% as compared to the effective tax rates of 15.4% and 26.9% for fiscal years 2023 and 2022, respectively. The higher effective tax rate for fiscal year 2024 versus fiscal year 2023 is largely attributable to the non-taxable gain on the disposal of the Russian business in the comparative period. The decrease in effective tax rate in fiscal year 2023 compared to fiscal year 2022 was predominantly attributable to the non-taxable gain on the disposal of the Russian business and the release of provisions for uncertain tax positions related to the disposed Russian business.
Significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:
June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023
Deferred tax assets:
Inventories $ 15 $ 20
Accrued employee benefits 78 70
Provisions 9 4
Net operating loss carryforwards 345 332
Tax credit carryforwards 31 37
Accruals and other 50 46
Total deferred tax assets 528 509
Valuation allowance (403) (400)
Net deferred tax assets 125 109
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant, and equipment (267) (294)
Other intangible assets (245) (259)
Derivatives and other financial instruments (26) (25)
Undistributed foreign earnings (23) (13)
Total deferred tax liabilities (561) (591)
Net deferred tax liability (436) (482)
Balance sheet location:
Deferred tax assets 148 134
Deferred tax liabilities (584) (616)
Net deferred tax liability $ (436) $ (482)
The Company maintains a valuation allowance on net operating losses and other deferred tax assets in jurisdictions for which it does not believe it is more likely than not to realize those deferred tax assets based upon all available positive and negative evidence, including historical operating performance, carry-back periods, reversal of taxable temporary differences, tax planning strategies, and earnings expectations. The Company's valuation allowance increased by $3 million, decreased by $7 million, and increased by $4 million for fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, the Company had total net operating loss carry forwards, including capital losses, in the amount of $1.4 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively, and tax credits of $31 million and $37 million, respectively. The vast majority of the net operating loss carry forwards and tax credits do not expire.
The Company considers the following factors, among others, in evaluating its plans for indefinite reinvestment of its subsidiaries' earnings: (i) the forecasts, budgets, and financial requirements of the Company and its subsidiaries, both for the long-term and for the short-term; and (ii) the tax consequences of any decision to repatriate or reinvest earnings of any subsidiary. As of June 30, 2024, the Company has not provided deferred taxes on approximately $1.7 billion of earnings in certain foreign subsidiaries because such earnings are indefinitely reinvested in its international operations. Upon distribution of such earnings in the form of dividends or otherwise, the Company may be subject to incremental foreign tax. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of foreign tax that might be payable. As of June 30, 2024, a cumulative deferred tax liability of $23 million has been recorded attributable to undistributed earnings that the Company has deemed are not indefinitely reinvested. The remaining undistributed earnings of the Company's subsidiaries are not deemed to be indefinitely reinvested and can be repatriated at no tax cost. Accordingly, there is no provision for income or withholding taxes on these earnings.
The Company accounts for its uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740, "Income Taxes." At June 30, 2024, and 2023, unrecognized tax benefits totaled $104 million and $155 million, respectively, all of which would favorably impact the effective tax rate if recognized.
The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. As of June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company's accrual for interest and penalties for these uncertain tax positions was $17
million, $13 million, and $12 million, respectively. The Company does not currently anticipate that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will result in material changes to its financial position within the next 12 months.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits for the fiscal years presented is as follows:
June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Balance at the beginning of the year $ 155 $ 195 $ 133
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year 10 12 50
Additions for tax positions of prior years 7 24 19
Reductions for tax positions from prior years (39) (69) (6)
Reductions for settlements (2) (5) -
Reductions due to lapse of statute of limitations (27) (2) (1)
Balance at the end of the year $ 104 $ 155 $ 195
The Company conducts business in a number of tax jurisdictions and, as such, is required to file income tax returns in multiple jurisdictions globally. The fiscal years 2020 through 2023 remain open for examination by the United States Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"), the fiscal year 2022 remains open for examination by His Majesty’s Revenue & Customs ("HMRC"), and the fiscal years 2011 through 2023 are currently subject to audit or remain open for examination in various tax jurisdictions.
The Company believes that its income tax reserves are adequately maintained taking into consideration both the technical merits of its tax return positions and ongoing developments in its income tax audits. However, the final determination of the Company's tax return positions, if audited, is uncertain and therefore there is a possibility that final resolution of these matters could have a material impact on the Company's results of operations or cash flows.
Note 17 - Share-based Compensation
The Company's equity incentive plans include grants of share options, restricted share units, performance shares, performance rights, and share rights.
In fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, share options and performance rights or performance shares (awarded to U.S. participants in place of performance rights) were granted to officers and employees. The exercise price for share options was set at the time of grant. The requisite service period for outstanding share options, performance rights, or performance shares ranges from two to three years. The awards are also subject to performance and market conditions. At vesting, share options can be exercised and converted to ordinary shares on a one-for-one basis, subject to payment of the exercise price. The contractual terms of the share options range from five to ten years from the grant date. At vesting, performance rights can be exercised and converted to ordinary shares on a one-for-one basis. Performance shares vest automatically and convert to ordinary shares on a one-for-one basis.
Restricted share units may be granted to directors, officers, and employees of the Company and vest on terms as described in the award. The restrictions prevent the participant from disposing of the restricted share units during the vesting period. The fair value of restricted share units is determined based on the closing price of the Company's shares on the grant date.
Share rights may be granted to directors, officers, and employees of the Company and vest on terms as described in the award. The restrictions prevent the participant from disposing of the share rights during the vesting period. The fair value of share rights is determined based on the closing price of the Company's shares on the grant date, adjusted for dividend yield.
As of June 30, 2024, 34 million shares were available for future grants under shareholder approved equity incentive plans. The Company uses treasury shares to settle share-based compensation obligations. Treasury shares were acquired through market purchases throughout the fiscal year for the required number of shares.
Share-based compensation expense was primarily recorded in selling, general, and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income. The total share-based compensation expense settled in equity in fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022 amounted to $32 million, $54 million, and $63 million, respectively.
As of June 30, 2024, there was $70 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to all unvested share options and other equity incentive plans. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years.
The weighted-average grant date fair values by type of equity incentive plan for awards granted in fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022 were as follows:
Years ended June 30,
(in $ per unit of award) 2024 2023 2022
Share options (1) 1.45 1.66 1.29
Restricted share units 9.44 11.91 11.62
Performance rights/shares (2) 6.37 8.18 9.40
Share rights 8.42 10.90 11.44
(1)The fair value of share options was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and/or Monte Carlo simulations. The following key assumptions were used for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively: risk-free interest rate of 4.6% (2023: 3.4%, 2022: 1.0%), expected share-price volatility of 21.8% (2023: 23.0%, 2022: 22.0%), expected dividend yield of 5.2% (2023: 4.0%, 2022: 4.1%), and expected life of options of 6.6 years (2023: 6.1 years, 2022: 6.1 years).
(2)The fair value of performance rights/shares was determined using discounting and Monte Carlo simulations. The key assumptions for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, were: risk-free interest rate of 4.8% (2023: 3.5%, 2022: 0.4%), expected share-price volatility of 23.4% (2023: 23.0%, 2022: 22.0%), and expected dividend yield of 5.2% (2023: 4.0%, 2022: 4.1%).
Changes in outstanding share options were as follows:
Share options
Number Weighted-average Exercise Price
(in millions)
Share options outstanding at June 30, 2023
33 $ 11.29
Granted 8 9.35
Forfeited (8) 11.20
Share options outstanding at June 30, 2024
33 $ 10.86
Vested and exercisable at June 30, 2024
13 $ 10.36
As of June 30, 2024, the share options outstanding have an intrinsic value of $3 million and a remaining weighted average contractual life of 4.1 years. As of June 30, 2024, the share options that have vested and are exercisable have an intrinsic value of nil and a remaining weighted average contractual life of 1.7 years.
The Company received nil, $134 million, and $114 million on the exercise of stock options during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the intrinsic value associated with the exercise of share options was nil, $31 million, and $15 million, respectively. The grant date fair value of share options vested was $5 million, $15 million, and $13 million for fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
Changes in outstanding other equity incentive plans and the fair values vested are presented below:
Restricted share units Performance rights/shares Share rights
Number Weighted-average Grant Date Fair Value Number Weighted-average Grant Date Fair Value Number Weighted-average Grant Date Fair Value
(in millions) (in millions) (in millions)
Outstanding at June 30, 2023 1 $ 11.67 11 $ 8.20 4 $ 11.22
Granted 3 9.44 6 6.37 1 8.42
Exercised (1) 11.54 (2) 7.20 (2) 11.43
Forfeited - 12.00 (3) 7.39 (1) 10.66
Outstanding at June 30, 2024 3 $ 9.85 12 $ 7.72 2 $ 9.82
Fair value vested
($ in millions) Restricted share units Performance rights/shares Share rights
Year Ended June 30, 2024 $ 6 $ 14 $ 24
Year Ended June 30, 2023 2 16 20
Year Ended June 30, 2022 3 8 7
Note 18 - Earnings Per Share Computations
The Company applies the two-class method when computing its earnings per share ("EPS"), which requires that net income per share for each class of share be calculated assuming all of the Company's net income is distributed as dividends to each class of share based on their contractual rights.
Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income available to ordinary shareholders by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding after excluding the ordinary shares to be repurchased using forward contracts. Diluted EPS includes the effects of share options, restricted share units, performance rights, performance shares, and share rights, if dilutive.
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions, except per share amounts) 2024 2023 2022
Numerator
Net income attributable to Amcor plc $ 730 $ 1,048 $ 805
Distributed and undistributed earnings attributable to shares to be repurchased (3) (7) (3)
Net income available to ordinary shareholders of Amcor plc-basic and diluted $ 727 $ 1,041 $ 802
Denominator
Weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding 1,445 1,478 1,514
Weighted-average ordinary shares to be repurchased by Amcor plc (6) (10) (5)
Weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding for EPS-basic 1,439 1,468 1,509
Effect of dilutive shares 2 8 6
Weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding for EPS-diluted 1,441 1,476 1,516
Per ordinary share income
Basic earnings per ordinary share $ 0.505 $ 0.709 $ 0.532
Diluted earnings per ordinary share $ 0.505 $ 0.705 $ 0.529
Certain stock awards outstanding were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share above because they would not have had a dilutive effect. The excluded stock awards represented an aggregate of 29 million, 16 million, and 7 million shares for the years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Basic and diluted weighted average ordinary shares outstanding have decreased in fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022 due to share repurchases.
Note 19 - Contingencies and Legal Proceedings
Contingencies - Brazil
The Company's operations in Brazil are involved in various governmental assessments and litigation, principally related to claims for excise and income taxes. The Company vigorously defends its positions and believes it will prevail on most, if not all, of these matters. The Company does not believe that the ultimate resolution of these matters will materially impact the Company's consolidated results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. Under customary local regulations, the Company's Brazilian subsidiaries may need to post cash or other collateral if a challenge to any administrative assessment proceeds to the Brazilian court system; however, the level of cash or collateral already pledged or potentially required to be pledged would not significantly impact the Company's liquidity. As of June 30, 2024, the Company has recorded accruals of $12 million, included in other non-current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company has estimated a reasonably possible loss exposure in excess of the accrual of $23 million as of June 30, 2024. The litigation process is subject to many uncertainties and the outcome of individual matters cannot be accurately predicted. The Company routinely assesses these matters as to the probability of ultimately incurring a liability and records the best estimate of the ultimate loss in situations where the likelihood of an ultimate loss is probable. The Company's assessments are based on its knowledge and experience, but the ultimate outcome of any of these matters may differ from the Company's estimates.
As of June 30, 2024, the Company provided letters of credit of $16 million, judicial insurance of $1 million, and deposited cash of $12 million with the courts to continue to defend the cases referenced above.
Contingencies - Environmental Matters
The Company, along with others, has been identified as a potentially responsible party ("PRP") at several waste disposal sites under U.S. federal and related state environmental statutes and regulations and may face potentially material environmental remediation obligations. While the Company benefits from various forms of insurance policies, actual coverage may not, or only partially, cover the total potential exposures. As of June 30, 2024, the Company has recorded aggregate accruals of $9 million for its share of estimated future remediation costs at these sites.
In addition to the matters described above, as of June 30, 2024, the Company has also recorded aggregate accruals of $44 million for potential liabilities for remediation obligations at various worldwide locations that are owned or operated by the Company or were formerly owned or operated.
The SEC requires the Company to disclose certain information about proceedings arising under federal, state, or local environmental provisions if the Company reasonably believes that such proceeding may result in monetary sanctions above a stated threshold. Pursuant to SEC regulations, the Company uses a threshold of $1 million or more for purposes of determining whether disclosure of any such proceedings is required. Applying this threshold, there are no environmental matters required to be disclosed for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024.
While the Company believes that its accruals are adequate to cover its future obligations, there can be no assurance that the ultimate payments will not exceed the accrued amounts. Nevertheless, based on the available information, the Company does not believe that its potential environmental obligations will have a material adverse effect upon its liquidity, results of operations, or financial condition.
Other Matters
In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to legal proceedings, lawsuits, and other claims. While the potential financial impact with respect to these ordinary course matters is subject to many factors and uncertainties, management believes that any financial impact to the Company from these matters, individually and in the aggregate, would not have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position or results of operation.
Note 20 - Segments
The Company's business is organized and presented in the two reportable segments outlined below:
Flexibles: Consists of operations that manufacture flexible and film packaging in the food and beverage, medical and pharmaceutical, fresh produce, snack food, personal care, and other industries. The Russian business results through the date of disposal (December 23, 2022) are included in the Flexibles reportable segment.
Rigid Packaging: Consists of operations that manufacture rigid containers for a broad range of predominantly beverage and food products, including carbonated soft drinks, water, juices, sports drinks, milk-based beverages, spirits and beer, sauces, dressings, spreads and personal care items, and plastic caps for a wide variety of applications.
Other consists of the Company's undistributed corporate expenses including executive and functional compensation costs, equity method and other investments, intercompany eliminations, and other business activities.
Operating segments are organized along the Company's product lines and geographical areas. The Company's five Flexibles operating segments (Flexibles Europe, Middle East and Africa; Flexibles North America; Flexibles Latin America; Flexibles Asia Pacific; and Specialty Cartons) have been aggregated in the Flexibles reportable segment as they exhibit similarity in economic characteristics and future prospects, similarity in the products they offer, their production technologies, the customers they serve, the nature of their service delivery models, and their regulatory environments.
The Company evaluates performance and allocates resources based on adjusted earnings before interest and taxes ("Adjusted EBIT"). The Company defines Adjusted EBIT as operating income adjusted to eliminate the impact of certain items that the Company does not consider indicative of its ongoing operating performance and to include equity in loss of affiliated companies, net of tax.
The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those in the consolidated financial statements.
The following table presents information about reportable segments. Intersegment sales are not material and therefore are not presented in the table below.
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Flexibles $ 10,332 $ 11,154 $ 11,151
Rigid Packaging 3,308 3,540 3,393
Other - - -
Net sales $ 13,640 $ 14,694 $ 14,544
Adjusted earnings before interest and taxes ("Adjusted EBIT")
Flexibles 1,395 1,429 1,517
Rigid Packaging 259 265 289
Other (94) (86) (105)
Adjusted EBIT 1,560 1,608 1,701
Less: 2018/2019 Restructuring programs (1) - - (37)
Less: Amortization of acquired intangible assets from business combinations (2) (167) (160) (163)
Less: Impact of hyperinflation (3) (53) (24) (16)
Less: Net loss on disposals (4) - - (10)
Less: Property and other losses, net (5) - (2) (13)
Add/(Less): Restructuring and other related activities, net (6) (97) 90 (200)
Less: CEO transition costs (7) (8) - -
Less: Other (8) (22) (2) (12)
Interest income 38 31 24
Interest expense (348) (290) (159)
Equity in loss of affiliated companies, net of tax 4 - -
Income before income taxes and equity in loss of affiliated companies $ 907 $ 1,251 $ 1,115
(1)2018/2019 Restructuring programs include restructuring and related expenses for the 2019 Bemis Integration Plan for fiscal year 2022. Refer to Note 6, "Restructuring," for more information.
(2)Amortization of acquired intangible assets from business combinations includes amortization expenses related to all acquired intangible assets from past acquisitions.
(3)Impact of hyperinflation includes the adverse impact of highly inflationary accounting for subsidiaries in Argentina where the functional currency was the Argentine Peso.
(4)Net loss on disposals, excluding the disposal of the Company's Russian business, includes an expense of $10 million from the disposal of non-core assets in fiscal year 2022. Refer to Note 10, "Fair Value Measurements," for more information.
(5)Property and other losses, net in fiscal year 2023 includes property claims and losses of $5 million and $3 million of net insurance recovery related to the closure of the Company's South African business. Fiscal year 2022 includes business losses primarily associated with the destruction of the Company's Durban, South Africa facility during general civil unrest in July 2021, net of insurance recovery.
(6)Restructuring and other related activities, net in fiscal year 2024 primarily includes costs incurred in connection with the 2023 Restructuring Plan. Fiscal year 2023 includes a pre-tax net gain on the sale of the Company's Russian business of $215 million, incremental costs of $18 million, and restructuring and related expenses of $107 million incurred in connection with the conflict. Fiscal year 2022 includes $138 million of impairment charges, $57 million of restructuring and related expenses, and $5 million of other expenses. Refer to Note 4, "Restructuring, Impairment, and Other Related Activities, Net," and Note 6, "Restructuring," for further information.
(7)CEO transition costs primarily reflect accelerated compensation, including share-based compensation, granted to the Company's former Chief Executive Officer who retired from that role in April 2024, and other transition related expenses.
(8)Other in fiscal year 2024 includes fair value losses of $16 million on economic hedges, retroactive foil duties, certain litigation reserve adjustments, and pension settlements, partially offset by changes in contingent purchase consideration. Fiscal year 2023 includes other restructuring, acquisition, litigation, and integration expenses of $13 million, pension settlement expenses of $5 million, and fair value gains of $16 million on economic hedges. Fiscal year 2022 includes costs associated with the Bemis transaction and pension settlement expenses of $8 million.
The tables below present additional financial information by reportable segments:
Capital expenditures for the acquisition of long-lived assets by reportable segment were:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Flexibles $ 372 $ 384 $ 376
Rigid Packaging 112 133 136
Other 8 9 15
Total capital expenditures for the acquisition of long-lived assets $ 492 $ 526 $ 527
Depreciation and amortization on long-lived assets by reportable segment were:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Flexibles $ 447 $ 436 $ 450
Rigid Packaging 130 125 120
Other 6 8 9
Total depreciation and amortization on long-lived assets $ 583 $ 569 $ 579
Total assets by segment are not disclosed as the Company's Chief Operating Decision Maker does not use total assets by segment to evaluate segment performance or allocate resources and capital.
The Company did not have sales to a single customer that exceeded 10% of consolidated net sales for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
Sales by major product were:
Years ended June 30,
($ in millions) Segment 2024 2023 2022
Films and other flexible products Flexibles $ 9,310 $ 10,061 $ 10,033
Specialty flexible folding cartons Flexibles 1,022 1,093 1,118
Containers, preforms, and closures Rigid Packaging 3,308 3,540 3,393
Net sales $ 13,640 $ 14,694 $ 14,544
The following table provides long-lived asset information for the major countries in which the Company operates. Long-lived assets include property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and impairments.
June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023
United States of America $ 1,717 $ 1,710
Other countries (1) 2,046 2,052
Long-lived assets $ 3,763 $ 3,762
(1)Includes the Company's country of domicile, Jersey. The Company had no long-lived assets in Jersey in any period shown. No individual country represented more than 10% of the respective totals.
The following tables disaggregate net sales information by geography in which the Company operates based on manufacturing or selling operations:
Year Ended June 30, 2024
($ in millions) Flexibles Rigid Packaging Total
North America $ 4,095 $ 2,508 $ 6,603
Latin America 1,113 800 1,913
Europe (1) 3,507 - 3,507
Asia Pacific 1,617 - 1,617
Net sales $ 10,332 $ 3,308 $ 13,640
Year Ended June 30, 2023
($ in millions) Flexibles Rigid Packaging Total
North America $ 4,411 $ 2,745 $ 7,156
Latin America 1,114 795 1,909
Europe (1) 3,952 - 3,952
Asia Pacific 1,677 - 1,677
Net sales $ 11,154 $ 3,540 $ 14,694
Year Ended June 30, 2022
($ in millions) Flexibles Rigid Packaging Total
North America $ 4,296 $ 2,656 $ 6,952
Latin America 1,060 737 1,797
Europe (1) 4,062 - 4,062
Asia Pacific 1,733 - 1,733
Net sales $ 11,151 $ 3,393 $ 14,544
(1)Includes the Company's country of domicile, Jersey. The Company had no sales in Jersey in the periods shown.
Note 21 - Deed of Cross Guarantee
The parent entity, Amcor plc, and its wholly owned subsidiaries listed below are subject to a Deed of Cross Guarantee dated June 24, 2019 (the "Deed") under which each company guarantees the debts of the others:
Amcor Pty Ltd Amcor Holdings (Australia) Pty Ltd
Amcor Services Pty Ltd Amcor Flexibles Group Pty Ltd
Amcor Investments Pty Ltd Amcor Flexibles (Australia) Pty Ltd
Amcor Finance Australia Pty Ltd Amcor Flexibles (Port Melbourne) Pty Ltd
Amcor European Holdings Pty Ltd Amcor Packaging (Asia) Pty Ltd
ARP North America Holdco Ltd ARP LATAM Holdco Ltd
The entities above were the only parties to the Deed as of June 30, 2024, and comprise the closed group for the purposes of the Deed (and also the extended closed group). ARP North America Holdco Ltd and ARP LATAM Holdco Ltd were newly incorporated entities and were added to the deed on September 25, 2019. By a Revocation Deed, dated September 9, 2021, the Deed was revoked in respect of Amcor Flexibles (Dandenong) Pty Ltd, Packsys Pty Ltd, Packsys Holdings (Aus) Pty Ltd, and Techni-Chem Australia Pty Ltd. No other parties have been added, removed or the subject to a notice of disposal since September 9, 2021.
By entering into the Deed, the wholly owned subsidiaries have been relieved from the requirement to prepare a financial report and directors’ report under ASIC Corporations (Wholly-owned Companies) Instrument 2016/785.
The following consolidated financial statements are additional disclosure items specifically required by ASIC and represent the consolidated results of the entities subject to the Deed.
Deed of Cross Guarantee
Consolidated Statements of Income
($ in millions)
For the years ended June 30, 2024 2023
Net sales $ 323 $ 377
Cost of sales (280) (319)
Gross profit 43 58
Operating expenses (361) (1,125)
Other income, net 910 1,599
Operating income 592 532
Interest income 9 15
Interest expense (78) (38)
Income before income taxes 523 509
Income tax expense 17 (22)
Net income $ 540 $ 487
Deed of Cross Guarantee
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
($ in millions)
For the years ended June 30, 2024 2023
Net income $ 540 $ 487
Other comprehensive income/(loss) (1):
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax - (10)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) - (10)
Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interest - -
Total comprehensive income $ 540 $ 477
(1)All of the items in other comprehensive income/(loss) may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss.
Deed of Cross Guarantee
Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings
($ in millions)
For the years ended June 30, 2024 2023
Retained earnings, beginning balance $ 6,937 $ 7,167
Net income 540 487
Retained earnings before distribution 7,477 7,654
Dividends recognized during the financial period (716) (717)
Retained earnings at the end of the financial period $ 6,761 $ 6,937
Deed of Cross Guarantee
Consolidated Balance Sheets
($ in millions)
As of June 30, 2024 2023
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 89 $ 54
Receivables, net 295 342
Inventories 55 60
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 25 21
Total current assets 464 477
Non-current assets:
Property, plant, and equipment, net 60 60
Deferred tax assets 5 6
Other intangible assets, net 10 13
Goodwill 88 88
Other non-current assets 13,062 13,308
Total non-current assets 13,225 13,475
Total assets $ 13,689 $ 13,952
Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Short-term debt $ 338 $ 826
Payables 133 153
Accrued employee costs 21 23
Other current liabilities 73 143
Total current liabilities 565 1,145
Non-current liabilities:
Other non-current liabilities 2 2
Total liabilities 567 1,147
Shareholders' Equity
Issued capital 14 14
Additional paid-in capital 4,827 4,829
Retained earnings 6,761 6,937
Accumulated other comprehensive income 1,025 1,025
Total Deed shareholders' equity 12,627 12,805
Non-controlling interest (1) 495 -
Total shareholders' equity 13,122 12,805
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 13,689 $ 13,952
(1)In fiscal year 2024, a non-controlling interest in ARP North America Holdco Ltd was acquired by Amcor Group Finance plc, a wholly owned subsidiary of Amcor plc.
Note 22 - Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Supplemental cash flow information and non-cash investing activities are as follows:
For the years ended June 30,
($ in millions) 2024 2023 2022
Supplemental cash flow information:
Interest paid, net of amounts capitalized $ 336 $ 276 $ 155
Income taxes paid 253 225 256
Non-cash investing activities:
Purchase of property, plant, and equipment accrued, but not paid $ 81 $ 71 $ 110
Contingent and deferred liabilities incurred related to acquired businesses, but not paid 27 41 -
Note 23 - Subsequent Events
On August 5, 2024, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract for a notional amount of $500 million. Under the terms of the contract, the Company will pay a fixed rate of interest of 4.30% and receive a variable rate of interest, based on compound overnight SOFR, effective from August 12, 2024, through June 30, 2025, with monthly settlements commencing on September 1, 2024. The interest rate swap contract will economically hedge the SOFR component of the Company's forecasted commercial paper issuances.
On August 15, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.1250 per share to be paid on September 26, 2024, to shareholders of record as of September 6, 2024. Amcor has received a waiver from the Australian Securities Exchange ("ASX") settlement operating rules, which will allow Amcor to defer processing conversions between its ordinary share and CHESS Depositary Instrument ("CDI") registers from September 5, 2024, to September 6, 2024, inclusive.

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
Item 9. - Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Item 9A. - Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Interim Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2024. The term "disclosure controls and procedures," as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including its principal executive and financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, the Interim Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2024.
Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Our management evaluated the design and operating effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria established in the Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the "COSO framework" (2013)). All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Accordingly, even effective internal controls and procedures can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Interim Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2024. Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that we maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2024.
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2024 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers AG, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which appears on "Item 8. - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 9B. - Other Information
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, no director or Section 16 officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Item 10. - Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required to be submitted in response to this item is omitted because a definitive proxy statement containing such information will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after June 30, 2024, and such information is expressly incorporated herein by reference. Information with respect to our executive officers appears in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Our Board Committee Charters, Corporate Governance Guidelines, and our Code of Conduct & Ethics Policy can be electronically accessed at our website (http://www.amcor.com/investors) under "Corporate Governance" or, free of charge, by writing directly to us, Attention: Corporate Secretary. Our Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Conduct that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, and other persons performing similar functions. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirements under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding amendments to or waivers from our Code of Conduct by posting such information on the Investor Relations section of our website promptly following the date of such amendment or waiver.
We are not including the information contained on our website as part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this report.
Insider Trading Policy
Our Board of Directors has adopted an Insider Trading Policy which governs the purchase, sale, and/or other dispositions of our securities by our directors, officers, other key employees, and covered persons which we believe is reasonably designed to ensure compliance with applicable insider trading rules, regulations, and listing standards. A copy of our Insider Trading Policy is filed as Exhibit 19 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Item 11. - Executive Compensation
Information required to be submitted in response to this item is omitted because a definitive proxy statement containing such information will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after June 30, 2024, and such information is expressly incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
Item 12. - Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters
Equity compensation plans as of June 30, 2024, were as follows:
Number of securities to be
issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants, and rights Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants, and rights Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column (a))
Plan Category (a) (b) (c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders 50,444,293 (1) $ 10.86 (2) 34,236,729 (3)
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders - - -
Total 50,444,293 (1) $ 10.86 (2) 34,236,729 (3)
(1)Includes outstanding option awards of 33,196,772, which have a weighted-average exercise price of $10.86, 11,924,855 awards of ordinary shares issuable upon vesting of performance shares/rights, 2,445,169 awards of ordinary shares issuable upon vesting of share rights, and 2,877,497 restricted shares issued under the share retention plan.
(2)Performance shares/rights, share rights, restricted share units, and non-executive director share plans are excluded when determining the weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options.
(3)May be issued as options, performance shares/rights, share rights, or restricted share units.
The additional information required to be submitted in response to this item is omitted because a definitive proxy statement containing such information will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after June 30, 2024, and such information is expressly incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Item 13. - Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required to be submitted in response to this item is omitted because a definitive proxy statement containing such information will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after June 30, 2024, and such information is expressly incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
Item 14. - Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information required to be submitted in response to this item is omitted because a definitive proxy statement containing such information will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after June 30, 2024, and such information is expressly incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Item 15. - Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
Pages in Form 10-K
(a) Financial Statements, Financial Statement Schedule, and Exhibits
(1) Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 1358)
Consolidated Statements of Income
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Consolidated Statements of Equity
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(2) Financial Statement Schedule
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable, or the required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.
(3) Exhibits
Exhibit Description Form of Filing
2 .1 Transaction Agreement, dated as of August 6, 2018, by and among the Amcor plc, Amcor Limited, Arctic Corp. and Bemis Company, Inc. (“Bemis”) (incorporated by reference to Annex A to Amcor plc's Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on March 12, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
3 .1 Articles of Association of Amcor plc (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 13, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
3 .2 Memorandum of Association of Amcor plc (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Amcor plc’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on March 12, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .1 Indenture, dated as of April 28, 2016, among Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor Limited, Amcor UK Finance PLC and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to Amcor plc’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on March 12, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .2 Form of 5.625% Guaranteed Senior Note due 2033 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 on Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 26, 2023.
Incorporated by Reference
4 .3 Indenture, dated as of May 26, 2023, among Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor plc, Amcor UK Finance plc, Amcor Pty Ltd and Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc. and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee (including the guarantees) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 on Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 26, 2023).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .4 Form of 3.625% Notes due 2026 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to Amcor plc’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on March 12, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .5 Form of 4.500% Notes due 2028 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.9 to Amcor plc’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on March 12, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .6 Form of 3.100% Notes due 2026 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.13 to Amcor plc’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on March 12, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .7 Form of Indenture, dated as of June 15, 1995, between Bemis and U.S. Bank Trust National Association (formerly known as First Trust National Association), as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.10 to Amcor plc’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on March 12, 2019)
Incorporated by Reference
4 .8 Form of 2.630% Guaranteed Senior Note Due 2030 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 on Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 19, 2020).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .9 Form of 1.125% Guaranteed Senior Note Due 2027 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 on Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 23, 2020).
Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit Description Form of Filing
4 .10 Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 13, 2019, by and between Bemis and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 17, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .11 Indenture, dated as of June 13, 2019, by and among Bemis, as issuer, Amcor plc, Amcor Limited, AFUI, Amcor UK Finance plc and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 17, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .12 Indenture, dated as of June 13, 2019, by and among AFUI, as issuer, Amcor plc, Amcor Limited, Bemis, Amcor UK Finance plc and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 17, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .13 First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 23, 2024, among Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., Amcor Group Finance plc and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 on Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2024).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .14 Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 23, 2024, among Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., Amcor Group Finance plc and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 on Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2024).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .15 First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 23, 2024, among Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., Amcor Group Finance plc and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 on Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2024).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .16 First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 23, 2024, among Amcor UK Finance plc, Amcor Group Finance plc and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 on Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2024).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .17 First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 23, 2024, among Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor Group Finance plc and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 on Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2024).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .18 Indenture, dated as of May 23, 2024, among Amcor Group Finance plc, Amcor plc, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor UK Finance plc, Amcor Pty Ltd and Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc. and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee (including the guarantees) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2024).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .19 Indenture, dated as of May 29, 2024, among Amcor UK Finance plc, Amcor plc, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor Group Finance plc, Amcor Pty Ltd and Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc. and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee (including the guarantees) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 on Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 29, 2024).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .20 Indenture, dated as of June 13, 2019, by and among AFUI, as issuer, Amcor plc, Amcor Limited, Bemis, Amcor UK Finance plc and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 17, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .21 Indenture, dated as of June 19, 2020, by and among Bemis, as issuer, Amcor plc, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor UK Finance plc, Amcor Pty Ltd and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, the trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 on Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 19, 2020).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .22 Indenture, dated as of June 23, 2020, by and among Amcor UK Finance plc, as issuer, Amcor plc, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor Pty Ltd, Bemis Company, Inc. and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, the trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 on Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 23, 2020).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .23 Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of June 13, 2019, by and among Bemis, Amcor plc, Amcor Limited, AFUI, Amcor UK Finance plc and the Dealer Managers, relating to the Bemis’ 3.100% 2026 Notes (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 on Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 17, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit Description Form of Filing
4 .24 Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of June 13, 2019, by and among AFUI, Amcor plc, Amcor Limited, Bemis, Amcor UK Finance plc and the Dealer Managers, relating to the Amcor’s 3.625% 2026 Notes (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 on Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 17, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .25 Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of June 13, 2019, by and among AFUI, Amcor plc, Amcor Limited, Bemis, Amcor UK Finance plc and the Dealer Managers, relating to the Amcor’s 4.500% 2028 Notes (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 on Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 17, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .26 Description of the Company's Common Stock
Filed Herewith
4 .27 Description of the Company's 1.125% Guaranteed Senior Note Due 2027
Filed Herewith
4 .28 Description of the Company's 5.450% Guaranteed Senior Note Due 2029
Filed Herewith
4 .29 Description of the Company's 3.950% Guaranteed Senior Note Due 2032
Filed Herewith
4 .30 Form of 2.690% Guaranteed Senior Note Due 2031 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 on Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 25, 2021).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .31 Form of 4.000% Guaranteed Senior Note due 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 on Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 17, 2022).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .32 Form of 5.450% Guaranteed Senior Note due 2029 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2024).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .33 Form of 3.950% Guaranteed Senior Note due 2032 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 29, 2024).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .34 First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 30, 2022, among Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc. and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 on Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 1, 2022).
Incorporated by Reference
4 .35 Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 30, 2022, among Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc. and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 on Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 1, 2022).
Incorporated by Reference
10 .1 Amcor plc 2019 Omnibus Incentive Share Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to Amcor plc’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on July 22, 2019).*
Incorporated by Reference
10 .2 Amcor Rigid Plastics Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended by that certain First Amendment, dated December 11, 2014, that certain Second Amendment, dated December 10, 2018 and that certain Third Amendment, dated December 16, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to Amcor plc's Form 10-K filed on August 27, 2020).*
Incorporated by Reference
10 .3 Employment Agreement between Amcor Limited and Ronald Delia, dated as of January 21, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Amcor plc’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on March 12, 2019).*
Incorporated by Reference
10 .4 Employment Agreement between Amcor Limited and Michael Casamento, dated as of September 23, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Amcor plc’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on March 12, 2019).*
Incorporated by Reference
10 .5 Employment Agreement between Amcor Limited and Ian Wilson, dated as of May 22, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Amcor plc’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on March 12, 2019).*
Incorporated by Reference
10 .6 Employment Agreement between Amcor Limited and Peter Konieczny, dated as of September 17, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Amcor plc’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on March 12, 2019).*
Incorporated by Reference
10 .7 Employment Agreement between Amcor Limited and Eric Roegner, dated as of August 28, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Amcor plc’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on March 12, 2019).*
Incorporated by Reference
10 .8 Form of Deed of Appointment (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to Amcor plc’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on March 12, 2019).*
Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit Description Form of Filing
10 .9 Supplement No. 1 to the Term Loan Agreement Guaranty, dated as of June 11, 2019, with Bemis and JPMorgan, as administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 on Amcor plc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 17, 2019).
Incorporated by Reference
10 .10 Employment Agreement between Amcor Limited and Michael Zacka, dated as of February 24, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to Amcor plc's Form 10-K filed on August 24, 2021).*
Incorporated by Reference
10 .11 Three-Year Syndicated Facility Agreement, dated as of April 26, 2022, by and among, Amcor plc, Amcor Pty Ltd, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor UK Finance plc and Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and foreign administrative agent (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 28, 2022).
Incorporated by Reference
10 .12 First Amendment to Three-Year Syndicated Facility Agreement, dated as of April 23, 2024, by and among Amcor plc, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor UK Finance plc, Amcor Pty Ltd, Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., the lenders party thereto, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and foreign administrative agent (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Amcor plc’s Form 8-K filed on April 25, 2024)
Incorporated by Reference
.13
Guarantee Agreement dated as of April 26, 2022 among Amcor plc, Amcor Pty Ltd, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor UK Finance plc, Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., the other guarantors from time to time party thereto an JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent
Filed Herewith
.14
Guarantee Agreement dated as of April 26, 2022, among Amcor plc, Amcor Pty Ltd, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor UK Finance plc, Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., the other guarantors from time to time party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent
Filed Herewith
.15
Supplement No. 1 dated as of May 23, 2024 to the Guarantee Agreement dated as of April 26, 2022, among the Company, Amcor Pty Ltd, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor UK Finance plc, Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., the other guarantors from time to time party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent
Filed Herewith
.16
Supplement No. 1 dated as of May 23, 2024 to the Guarantee Agreement dated as of April 26, 2022, among Amcor plc, Amcor Pty Ltd, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor UK Finance plc, Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., the other guarantors from time to time party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent
Filed Herewith
10 .17
Five-Year Syndicated Facility Agreement, dated as of April 26, 2022, by and among, Amcor plc, Amcor Pty Ltd, Amcor Finance (USA), Inc., Amcor UK Finance plc and Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc., the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and foreign administrative agent (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Amcor plc's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 28, 2022).
Incorporated by Reference
10 .18
Transition and Release Agreement between Amcor plc and Ronald Delia, dated as of March 16, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Amcor plc's Form 10-Q filed on May 1, 2024)*.
Incorporated by Reference
10 .19
Interim CEO Letter Agreement between Amcor plc and Peter Konieczny, dated as of March 16, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Amcor plc's Form 10-Q filed on May 1, 2024)*.
Incorporated by Reference
19 Insider Trading Policy
Filed Herewith
21 Subsidiaries of Amcor plc.
Filed Herewith
22 Subsidiary Guarantors and Issuers of Guaranteed Securities.
Filed Herewith
23 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers AG as auditors for the financial statements of Amcor plc.
Filed Herewith
31 .1 Chief Executive Officer Certification required by Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
Filed Herewith
31 .2 Chief Financial Officer Certification required by Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
Filed Herewith
Exhibit Description Form of Filing
32 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002.
Furnished Herewith
97 Amcor plc Compensation Recovery Policy
Filed Herewith
101 .INS Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. Filed Electronically
101 .SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. Filed Electronically
101 .CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. Filed Electronically
101 .DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. Filed Electronically
101 .LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. Filed Electronically
101 .PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. Filed Electronically
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). Filed Electronically
* This exhibit is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.