EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1662684
Filing Year: 2024
Filename: 1662684_10-K_2024_0001410578-24-000454.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Overview and Market Opportunities
KULR Technology Group, Inc., through our wholly owned subsidiary KULR Technology Corporation, maintains expertise in three key technology domain areas: (1) energy storage systems and recycling, (2) thermal management solutions, and (3) rotary system vibration reduction. Historically, KULR, focused on thermal energy management solutions for space and Department of Defense (DoD) applications, with recent expansion into energy storage and vibration reduction markets as the logical next step. Combined, this energy management platform consists of high-performance thermal management technologies for batteries and electronics, AI-powered battery management and vibration mitigation software solutions, and reusable energy storage modules. Our mission is to advance and apply these technologies to make our world more sustainable by using less energy; using energy more efficiently; making energy consumption safer and cooler; using less materials to achieve these goals; and completing the circular economy through recycling.
Active government initiatives propelled by industry and regulatory tailwinds are increasing demand for energy storage, battery recycling and clean energy, resulting in an expanding total addressable market for KULR’s solutions. According to Precedence Research, global energy storage systems market is to grow from $210B in 2021 to $435B by 3030. Global lithium-ion battery recycling industry is to grow from $4.6B in 2021 to $22.8B by 2030, according to Market and Markets Research. Additionally, the domain driving the growth of KULR’s battery design and production capabilities is the private space exploration market sector, which requires highly custom, safe, and reliable energy storage systems, and is expected to reach $1,110.8B by 2030 according to CoherentMI. The Company’s disruptive technologies strive to fulfill an addressable $24 billion thermal management systems market (estimated based on market data projections published by Converged Markets stating that the thermal management systems market size was projected to grow to $24.8 billion by 2025). E-aviation growth and continued reliance on traditional aviation vehicles drives an aircraft maintenance market size that is expected to reach $127.2B by 2032, an increase from $82.7B in 2023, according to Precedence Research. KULR VIBE, the Company’s rotary system vibration reduction software, positions KULR to access this market area.
As companies and governments around the world pledge to meet net zero emissions over the next few decades, KULR is uniquely positioned to accelerate the adoption of clean energy solutions and sustainable products and facilitate the migration to a global circular economy. The Company’s goal is to provide total battery safety solutions for more efficient battery systems, increased sustainability, and end-of-life battery management, making KULR a key technology solutions provider in the migration to a global circular economy.
KULR ONE and KULR ONE Design Solutions (K1DS)
KULR’s primary technical domain that is shaping the future landscape of the Company is safe, high-performance energy storage solutions. To effectively support and provide energy storage solutions, a holistic approach is necessary. Batteries are an interdisciplinary technology which require:
(1) Multi-disciplinary expertise to address related electrical, thermal, mechanical, and electrochemical requirements,
(2) Cell supply access to top-tier OEMs,
(3) Cell level testing capabilities to characterize performance, quality, and safety behavior at the cell level,
(4) Expertise in early concept design, modeling, and analysis,
(5) Rapid prototyping and production capabilities,
(6) Pack and system level thermal, mechanical, electrical, and abuse testing capabilities,
(7) Expertise in battery management, controls, and monitoring,
(8) Ability to support beginning of life to end of life requirements for transport and recycling.
To address the need for a holistic approach, KULR developed a battery product and service portfolio over the course of the last decade that provides products, safety testing services, modeling and analysis services, electrical testing services, transport and recycling packaging and logistics, and battery design solutions. Collectively, this is referred to as KULR ONE Design Solutions (K1-DS), which is actively leveraged by the Company to facilitate engagement with customers no matter the battery life cycle phase they are in.
Currently, the primary aspects of K1-DS utilized by industry are product sales of trigger cells and TRS, the safety testing methodologies, and the utilization of the K1-DS platform as a whole to develop customized energy storage solutions.
Internally, KULR has leveraged K1-DS to develop off the shelf KULR ONE architectures which represent a groundbreaking innovation that is driving the world’s transition to a more sustainable electrification economy. These revolutionary designs offer a unique combination of cutting-edge features, including unparalleled safety, exceptional performance, intelligent functionality, modular construction, reliability, and customizability. The KULR ONE battery packs have been engineered to meet the exacting demands of the
world’s most demanding applications. As of now, the Company is focused on the KULR ONE Space for space exploration, the KULR ONE Guardian for military applications, and the KULR ONE Max for rack-style grid energy storage systems, also referred to as Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). These architectures collectively offer a comprehensive solution that addresses the critical need for safe and reliable energy storage in a wide range of industries, from aerospace and defense to electric vehicles and consumer electronics. One of the key features of the KULR ONE family of battery packs is the modularity and consistency of the architectures. This allows for greater flexibility as customers can easily adjust the size and configuration of the battery pack to suit their specific application requirements while still also benefitting from testing previously conducted by the KULR team for their specific architecture. In addition to offering exceptional performance and reliability, the KULR ONE battery packs are also designed with safety as a top priority. They incorporate state-of-the-art thermal management technology to prevent overheating and ensure safe operation even in the most challenging environments. Overall, the KULR ONE family of battery packs, depicted with the following picture, is at the forefront of the global drive towards sustainable electrification. With its unparalleled combination of safety, performance, intelligence, modularity, reliability, and customizability, KULR ONE is positioned to revolutionize the way we think about energy storage and powering the world’s most demanding applications.
KULR VIBE Solution
During 2022, we acquired intellectual property from Vibetech International, LLC (“Vibetech”), which allows KULR to expand itself as a vertically integrated energy management company focused on sustainable energy solutions. For nearly twenty years, the primary application has been aviation. However, advances in measurement and computing technologies have allowed KULR VIBE to provide transformative and scalable solutions across transportation, renewable energy (wind farm), manufacturing, industrial, performance racing and autonomous aerial (drone) applications among others. KULR VIBE addresses one the most challenging issues with advanced machinery today; excessive energy robbing vibrations that are destructive to both the machinery and in many cases the operator. The KULR VIBE suite of technologies utilize proprietary sensor processes with advanced learning algorithms to both achieve precision balancing solutions, and successfully predict component failure based on its comprehensive database of vibration signatures. Its enhanced AI learning algorithms pinpoint areas where excess vibrations cause a loss of energy that can lead to system malfunctions, weakened performance, and maintenance issues.
This innovative technology can be utilized as a standalone solution or be paired with existing track and balance technology to facilitate vibration reduction, achieve increased energy production, and reduce mechanical failures thereby extending platform life. KULR VIBE recently balanced the motors and blades of a mission critical drone to demonstrate the benefits of the technology. The results were a 23% increase in battery life and a lift increase of 45%. Same motors, same blades, KULR VIBE optimized.
The KULR VIBE suite of products and services have provided vibration analysis and mitigation to global companies across multiple industries and sectors. According to Fact.MR, an insights-driven global market intelligence company, the global vibration motor market is estimated at $6.5 billion in 2023 and is forecast to reach $24.1 billion by 2032, growing at a Compounded Annual Growth Rate (“CAGR”) of 14.1% during 2023-2032.
The Future is Energy + AI
We believe the future of KULR is Energy + AI. We are building our AI infrastructure on industry leading Nvidia and AMD semiconductor platforms, and they are hosted on a hybrid of private cloud and Microsoft Azure. As the world faces shortages of both
technical expertise to design batteries and raw materials to build batteries, KULR aims to address this need with KULR ONE AI (K1AI). The Company is collecting large quantities of performance and safety test datasets for the most highly used commercial lithium-ion cells and combining that data with AI techniques to drive battery design and reduce engineering touch time to market. This product is to target the following markets:
● Aerospace and defense systems, such as CubeSat batteries meeting JSC 20793 safety requirements by NASA
● Power tools and industrial equipment
● High-performance electric vehicles
● Electric vertical take-off and landing (“eVOTL”)
● Electric micro-mobility vehicles
● Residential and commercial energy storage systems
Energy Storage
Lithium-ion batteries are the dominant technology on the market for energy storage because of their cost and availability but do carry well documented safety risks. While rare, cell to cell thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries can cause a fire or explosion. For example, an explosion at Arizona Public Service’s McMicken battery plant injured four emergency responders in 2019 and overheating caused the 1.2 GWh Moss Landing storage facility in California to go off-line. To reach net zero by mid-century will require an additional 245 GWh of battery capacity each year until 2030, but incidents of the like distill trust in battery technologies and threaten to slow the pace which is needed to achieve decarbonization goals. KULR’s passive propagation resistant (PPR) and thermal runaway shield (TRS) technologies prevent cell to cell thermal runaway propagation and inhibit fire and ejecta of a single cell from exiting the battery enclosure, making battery energy storage packs safe for homes, hospitals, schools, and universities, and more. KULR is partnering with leaders in the energy storage industry such as Volta Energy Products, the subsidiary of Buffalo NY based parent company, Viridi, to increase deployments of safe, reliable, and durable energy storage safety systems to accelerate the broader energy transition.
Battery Recycling and Management
KULR-Tech Safe Case provides a safe and cost-effective solution to commercially store and transport lithium batteries, which is increasing in frequency as supply chain challenges and ESG commitments necessitate battery recycling and end-of-lifecycle management. Whether shipping a single battery, a battery-powered device or a load shipment of batteries, KULR’s technology mitigates the impacts of cell-to-cell thermal runaway propagation and ensures a safe journey. KULR’s Thermal Runaway Shield (TRS) technology is trusted by NASA to ship and store astronauts’ laptop batteries on the International Space Station. In addition, KULR combines its Passive Propagation Resistant (PPR) solutions with its new CellCheck intelligent battery management system to extend battery life. The CellCheck modular battery management system platform is KULR’s AI-powered battery safety technology for e-mobility, energy storage and fleet applications. It captures real time and lifetime battery intelligence, sensing adverse electrical, environmental, and physical events to analyze and control for maximum battery safety, reliability, and performance. As commercial industries across the board face greater scrutiny to comply with ESG standards, KULR is serving a total addressable market for a circular economic model for batteries that will reach over $21 billion by 2025 (estimated based on market data projections published by Grand View Research, Inc. stating that the global battery recycling market size is expected to reach $21.04 billion by 2025).
E-mobility
KULR is supporting the shift to electrified transport by enabling safer, lighter, and faster charging lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles and micro mobility solutions. KULR’s passive propagation resistant (PPR) battery pack solutions increase battery energy capacity while preventing thermal runaway events that can lead to hazardous explosions, helping the transportation industry to address growing public safety concerns around electric vehicles, electric aviation and micro-mobility markets.
Vehicle technology advancements and EV range anxiety requires more battery capacity to expand the range and power of existing platforms while adding new, power-demanding components for advances such as 5G data networks. The additional strain on batteries increases the risk for overheating and serious failures and can damage sensitive chip architecture. In addition, overheating has been a key limiting factor for advancing fast charging battery technology. KULR’s carbon fiber thermal management technologies reduce the thermal resistance inside battery cells while increasing electrical conductivity to dissipate heat more efficiently to enable the safe deployment of fast charging batteries. With KULR, automotive OEMs and battery manufacturers can increase the energy capacity of battery cells so less cells are needed, making for lighter vehicles that drive further before needing to be charged.
Aerospace/Defense
KULR’s thermal management solutions enable the defense and aerospace industries to safely deploy electronic technologies that support critical missions and protect national security. Technology in this sector is developing at increasing rates - the space industry alone will be worth nearly $3 trillion in 30 years. The electronic devices being placed into aircrafts, satellites, and missiles are becoming ever smaller and more powerful. Lithium-ion batteries, which are already prone to overheating and propagation, are exposed to harsh thermal environments as well as shock and vibration during aerospace and defense operations. The Company has partnered with Lockheed Martin, Leidos and other prime contractors to develop and supply mission-critical technologies for hypersonic vehicles, high-power magnetic wave, and other defense systems.
High-Powered Computing & 5G
Demand for improved, cost-effective cooling solutions in the rapidly growing 5G and cloud computing industries is ever-increasing. KULR’s portfolio of thermal management solutions target air and liquid-cooling of high-performance computing applications such as crypto mining, cloud computing, AI, and AR/VR simulations to maximize performance, energy efficiency and safety. KULR’s proprietary carbon fiber-based suite of thermal interface materials leverage advanced carbon fiber based heatsink technology that offers customers highly customizable, lightweight, and cost-effective solutions with industrial-level reliability due to their high thermal conductivity, lightweight, and low contact pressure.
New Facility and IT-Systems
KULR currently maintains three facilities of operations. KULR California, located at 4863 Shawline St, San Diego, CA., supports our fully automated battery cell screening line and remains the only U.S. automated facility capable of executing the test requirements of NASA Work Instruction 37(WI37). WI37 is the testing standard required for battery cells used on all manned missions for NASA. Additionally, the facility produces our patented Thermal Runaway Shields, Fiber Thermal Interface materials, Cathodes, Phase Change Materials, and heatsinks.
KULR, on February 1st, 2024, relocated the KULR Texas facility previously located at 1692 N. Texas Avenue, Webster, TX to a significantly larger facility located at 555 Forge River Road, Suite 100, Webster, TX. The previous location provided 4800 ft2, whereas the new facility provides 17,560 ft2 supporting the growth of our customer base and engineering team. The facility is conveniently located 2.1 miles from NASA Johnson Space Center and is surrounded by a large number of KULR existing and targeted customers. The facility will support research and development related activities for lithium-ion battery systems. This expanded space will provide room for additional personnel office space, an engineering design and prototyping sandbox, a 3D printing room, an electrical room for tab welding operations, an expanded CNC capability, Laser welding, Volume TRS manufacturing and a large warehouse for storage. Once fully operational, necessary actions will be completed to have the new location included in KULR’s existing ISO 9001 certification.
Our testing facility in San Leon, TX, will be consolidated into KULR Texas during the second quarter of 2024. This consolidation allows for maximum efficiency of operations of our engineering talent while creating a showcase of advanced Fractional Thermal Runaway Calorimetry (FTRC), Bomb Calorimetry, Thermal Modeling, Destructive Battery pack testing, and SafeCase verification testing. This new location provides for greater customer engagements both on site and via live feed internationally.
KULR has engaged with Managed Solutions to enhance our IT infrastructure and improve all aspects of Cybersecurity. As a sub-contractor for DOD programs, it is vital that KULR have state-of-the-art IT systems and controls. We believe the best path based on the current scale of the company is to outsource this activity to a professional IT services organization. The result of this activity was an improvement of our NIST score of over 140 points. Additionally, KULR has further increased its Cybersecurity initiatives by hiring FRSecure to act as a VCISO and provide continuous cyber threat training to our personnel. They also will audit our current level of threat sophistication and ensure any weak link is addressed immediately. See Item 1C - Cybersecurity for additional information.
Corporate
KULR was incorporated in the State of Delaware in December 2015 and was formerly known as “KT High-Tech Marketing, Inc.” and, prior to that, as “Grant Hill Acquisition Corporation.” In April 2016, KULR implemented a change of control by issuing shares to new shareholders, redeeming shares of existing shareholders, electing new officers and directors and accepting the resignations of its then existing officers and directors.
Our wholly-owned subsidiary, KULR Technology Corp, was formed in 2013 and is based in San Diego, California. Since its inception, KTC primarily focused on developing and commercializing its thermal management technologies, which it acquired through assignment from and license with KTC’s co-founder Dr. Timothy Knowles. Prior to 2013, KTC’s technologies were used in numerous
advanced space and industrial applications for NASA, Boeing, and Raytheon. A few notable achievements were the use of KTC’s technologies in the X-31 aircraft (battery heat sink), Mercury Messenger (battery heat sink), and X-51 Scramjet (heat exchanger).
On June 19, 2017, KULR closed a share exchange with KTC and 100% of the shareholders of KTC (the “KTC Shareholders”) whereby the KTC Shareholders agreed to transfer an aggregate of 25,000,000 shares of KTC’s common stock to KULR in exchange for the issuance of an aggregate of 50,000,000 shares of KULR’s common stock to the KTC Shareholders (the “Share Exchange”), resulting in KTC becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of KULR and KTC’s business of developing and commercializing its thermal management technologies becoming KULR’s main operation.
The Share Exchange was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, with KTC being treated as the acquiring company for accounting purposes.
On August 30, 2018, KULR changed its name from “KT High-Tech Marketing, Inc.” to “KULR Technology Group, Inc.” by filing a certificate of amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.
Recent Developments
Revenues
The Company reported record annual revenues of $9.8 million for 2023, as compared to its previous record revenues of $4.0 million for 2022.
Liability Repayment
Subsequent to December 31, 2023, the Company repaid in full all remaining principal and interest owed in connection with the prepaid advance liability.
Equity Financing
On September 15, 2023, the Company completed a public offering of 8,214,285 shares of common stock, priced at $0.35 per share, with gross proceeds of $2,875,000 less issuance costs of $588,230, for net proceeds of $2,286,770.
On December 22, 2023, the Company completed a public offering of 5,175,000 shares of common stock, priced at $0.20 per share, with gross proceeds of $1,035,000 less issuance costs of $257,800, for net proceeds of $777,200.
Compliance with NYSE American Continued Listing Requirements
On December 20, 2023, the Company received a notice of noncompliance (the “Stockholders’ Equity Notice”) from NYSE Regulation (“NYSE”) stating that it is not in compliance with Section 1003(a)(i) in the NYSE American Company Guide (the “Company Guide”) since the Company reported stockholders’ equity of $1,200,172 at September 30, 2023, and losses from continuing operations and/or net losses in its five most recent fiscal years. Section 1003(a)(iii) of the Company Guide requires a listed company to have stockholders’ equity of $6 million or more if the listed company has reported losses from continuing operations and/or net losses in its five most recent fiscal years.
As required by the Stockholders’ Equity Notice, on January 19, 2024, the Company submitted a plan (the “Plan”) to NYSE advising of actions it has taken or will take to regain compliance with the continued listing standards by June 20, 2025. NYSE staff will review the Company periodically for compliance with the initiatives outlined in the Plan. If the Company is not in compliance with the continued listing standards by June 20, 2025, or if the Company does not make progress consistent with the Plan during the Plan period, NYSE staff will initiate delisting proceedings as appropriate.
On March 5, 2024, the Company received a notification (the “Acceptance Letter”) from the NYSE American that the Company’s plan to regain compliance was accepted. The NYSE American has granted the Company a plan period through June 20, 2025 to regain compliance with Section 1003(a)(iii). If the Company is not in compliance with the continued listing standards by that date or if the Company does not make progress consistent with the plan during the plan period, the NYSE American may commence delisting procedures.
On February 12, 2024, the Company received a notice letter (the “Letter”) from NYSE stating that it is not incompliance with Section 1003(f)(v) of the Company Guide since the Company’s securities were trading at an average of less than $0.20 per share for 30 days. The Company intends to cure the stock price deficiency and return to compliance with NYSE continued listing standards, however, the Company can provide no assurance that this measure will be successful.
Issuance of Non-Convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock
On January 26, 2024, the Board of Directors (“Board”) of the Company, following extensive strategic evaluation, including consultation with advisors, approved, authorized, and ratified the issuance of 730,000 shares of previously designated Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock to the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, Michael Mo, subject to certain limitations as set forth below, for no consideration. The issuance of up to 1,000,000 shares of Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock was previously approved and authorized by a vote of the majority stockholders of the Company.
The issuance is subject to the Board reserving the full and unequivocal right to revoke, rescind, transfer or otherwise cancel the issued Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock in the event Michael Mo is removed from any position with the Company or resigns from all positions with the Company. This conditional arrangement is designed to ensure that the voting power conferred by the Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock remains tied to the active leadership of the Company. This underscores the Board’s commitment to maintaining alignment with the long-term interests of the Company and its stockholders.
The Independent Members of the Board have determined that the issuance represents a pivotal strategic move to reinforce and enhance the Company’s flexibility to optimize the Company’s negotiating position in any potential current and/or future engagements with commercial, financial, and/or strategic parties, and to provide defenses against potential hostile third-party actions.
Appointment of Officers and Management
Appointment of Vice President, Sales
On January 16, 2023, the Company appointed a Vice President of Sales (the “VP of Sales”), and issued the VP of Sales 298,507 shares of restricted common stock. The restricted common stock had a grant date fair value of $400,000, and vests in four equal annual installments beginning January 16, 2024 based solely on continued service. The grant date fair value will be amortized ratably over the vesting period. In addition, the Company committed to a one-year guaranteed commission of $200,000, payable in four quarterly installments as well as a severance package of $250,000 and one-year of family health insurance if the VP of Sales is terminated without cause (as defined) within one year of hire.
Appointment of Chief Financial Officer
On March 31, 2023, the Company appointed a Chief Financial Officer (the “CFO”) and issued the CFO 1,500,000 shares of restricted stock. The restricted common stock had an aggregate grant date fair value of $1,380,000, and vests in five equal annual installments beginning March 31, 2024 based solely on continued service.
Management Equity Incentive Grants
On July 12, 2023, the Board unanimously approved an equity grant to the Chief Technology Officer, of 350,000 shares of restricted common stock. The restricted common stock had a grant date fair value of $266,000 and vests in four equal annual installments beginning on July 12, 2024.
Merchant Cash Advance Agreement
On January 22, 2024, the Company entered into a merchant cash advance agreement (the “Cash Advance Agreement”) whereby the Company received $504,900 of cash (net of underwriting fees of $35,100) with the obligation to repay a total of $804,600 over thirty-two weekly payments of $25,143.75, beginning January 30, 2024. On February 26, 2024, the parties added an addendum to the agreement for an early payoff discount whereby the Company will owe $756,000 if paid by March 22, 2024, or $783,000 if paid by April 22, 2024.
On February 26, 2024, the Company entered into a merchant cash advance agreement (the “Second Cash Advance Agreement”) whereby the Company received $502,200 of cash (net of underwriting fees of $37,800) with the obligation to repay a total of $804,600 over thirty weekly payments of $26,820, beginning February 29, 2024.
Recent Shareholder Vote by Majority Written Consent
On February 9, 2024, the shareholders of the Company, acted by way of majority written consent (in lieu of a special meeting of stockholders) to approve resolutions authorizing the Company’s Board of Directors to take the following actions: (1) to issue shares of Common Stock to current or future engagements with commercial or strategic parties, which may result in issuances of over 20% of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock; (2) to amend the Company’s Bylaws to decrease the number of shares of Common
Stock needed to establish a quorum for meetings of stock holders to thirty-three-and-one-third percent (33 1/3 %) of the outstanding voting securities of the Company; (3) to amend the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company to effect a reverse split within a ratio range between 1-for-2 and 1-for-80; (4) to issue shares of common stock, in connection with an existing financing facility, which may result in the potential issuance of over 20% of the issued and outstanding shares. The resolution was approved by shareholders holding in aggregate of 55.72% of outstanding shares as of February 9, 2024.
Sales and Marketing Strategy
The Company employs various channels to market and sell its products and solutions, including direct sales to customers, as well as sales through representatives and strategic partners. We believe that establishing direct relationships with key accounts allows for deeper technical interactions, faster turnaround times, and provides valuable feedback that helps inform product development and marketing efforts. To ensure that our target customers fully understand the unique features and benefits of our products and services, we organize technology day events. We use a combination of marketing approaches to reach prospects and customers, such as leveraging employee, representative, and strategic partner relationships, maintaining an informative website, attending industry conferences, and conducting market research. Recently, we expanded our direct sales and marketing teams, including Mr. Ted Krupp, a highly experienced professional with important relationships in the Aerospace and Defense sectors, as our new VP of Sales and Marketing. Looking ahead, we plan to further expand our direct sales team to enhance our key account coverage and support a growing representative and distributor network.
Advertising and Communications Strategy
We employ a diverse range of advertising and communication tools to reach our audience. These include commissioning impartial white papers and technical papers, participating in industry events, conferences, and symposiums as attendees, sponsors, and guest speakers. We maintain a public relations consultant who oversees our press releases and media relations, ensuring that we maintain a positive presence in newspapers, magazines, and blogs. To bolster our social media outreach activities, we have a dedicated SEO specialist. We leverage our strong reputation within the thermal management and lithium-ion battery safety communities to spread positive feedback through word-of-mouth. Additionally, we utilize several social media platforms, such as LinkedIn, YouTube, Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook, to reach a broader audience.
Intellectual Property and Patent Strategy
Our intellectual property strategy includes pursuing patent protection for new innovations in core carbon fiber architecture development, application development, acquisition of intellectual property, and licensing of third-party patents and intellectual property. As of December 31, 2023, we have six patents granted and assigned to KULR, an exclusive license to four third party patents, and ten pending nonprovisional and provisional patent applications.
Product and Services
In addition to KULR ONE and KULR VIBE, here are some of the technologies, products and services we offer to customers:
Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Runaway Shield (“TRS”): KULR has developed a thermal insulation technology aimed at passive resistance to thermal runaway propagation in Li-ion batteries in partnership with National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (“NASA JSC”). HYDRA TRS acts as a heat sink during normal Li-ion battery pack operation but also prevents thermal runaway propagation, which is a serious concern for aerospace and defense customers and electric vehicle manufacturers. The HYDRA is a vaporizing thermal capacitor that provides passive prevention of thermal runaway propagation (“TRP”) in Li-ion battery packs. Thermal runaway can occur spontaneously in a Li-ion cell due to a short. This can trigger an explosive release of electric energy that ruptures the end cap resulting in a flare and combustion of cell materials. Released heat drives the triggered cell temperatures to > 500°C, causing a dramatic increase in neighboring cell temperatures. Temperatures above the critical 130°C greatly increases the chance for a short in adjacent cells and result in TRP. TRS keeps neighboring cell temperatures from rising above 100°C (well below the 130°C threshold) and prevents TRP.
KULR Automated Battery Cell Screening and Test System: KULR completed the installation of a fully automated battery cell testing platform this January in our Sand Diego facility. The system fully supports the stringent requirements of NASA and the DOD. This platform has been designed to meet the entire specifications of NASA WI-037 battery testing requirements. This fully automated system is believed to be the only fully automated system capable of such performance. We have designed the system to be modular and have installed a minimum of 500K cell capacity annually capable of handling 18650 and 21700 cells.
CellCheck: A scalable battery management platform to provide a new level of safety, performance optimization and regulatory compliance capabilities to our customers. We achieve this by putting together a modular architecture that is built on large data
sets, performing an array of analytics, and then layering on top of it AI algorithms to provide predictive and preventative intelligence to our customers. It’s modular so that we can incorporate new capabilities and enhancements to the platform as the battery evolution accelerates in the coming years. This is another significant step to position KULR as a one-stop-shop total solutions provider of battery thermal energy and safety management.
KULR SafeCase: This product was developed for the commercial transportation and storage of Li-ion batteries. It is an extension of the product jointly developed with NASA, the TRS Bags which safely store and transport Li-ion batteries to and in the International Space Station. The cases have been tested and granted special permits by the Department of Transportation (DOT) for shipment of Li-ion batteries up to 2.1KWh for shipment of batteries classified as DDR (damaged, defective or recall), recycling and prototype.
Fiber Thermal Interface Material (“FTI”): KULR thermal interface materials (“TIMs”) consist of vertically oriented carbon fiber velvets attached to a film of polymer or metal. The fiber packing density and orientation are selected to serve a wide range of applications, including hostile thermal and chemical environments, sliding interfaces, and interfaces with widely varying gaps. They can be coated for electrical isolation. They require low contact pressure and provide high thermal conductivity. Their light weight and high compliance make them uniquely suited for aerospace, industrial and high-performance commercial devices.
Phase Change Material (“PCM”) Heat Sink: KULR PCM composite heat sinks consisting of a conductive carbon fiber velvet embedded with a proprietary heat dissipation medium having high latent heat at its melting point. Such heat sinks offer passive thermal control for instruments that would otherwise overheat or under-cool during periodic operations. A typical application involves lasers that dissipate heat but need tight thermal control where active cooling is unavailable.
Internal Short Circuit (“ISC”) Device: In March 2018, KULR reached an agreement with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (“NREL”), a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, to be the exclusive manufacturing and distribution partner for the patented ISC device, which causes predictable battery cell failures in Li-ion batteries, making them easier to study and, therefore, safer. Li-ion batteries are the industry and consumer standard for portable power; billions of individual battery cells exist and billions more are planned for production. They provide power for everything from smart phones and laptops to electric cars and space crafts. But Li-ion batteries fail, sometimes with catastrophic results. Due to the relative rarity of cell failures, scientists and researchers had been unable to reliably or accurately replicate latent defect cell failures in lab settings, impeding research into safer battery technology.
CRUX Cathode: The CRUX Cathode is composed of a carbon fiber velvet, providing a means of generating powerful electron pulses by field emission from the tops of the carbon fibers. CRUX Cathodes can be customized for different applications including the generation of microwaves, x-rays, and laser radiation. They can be fabricated in a wide variety of physical configurations, ranging from simple planar and cylindrical forms to more complex lobed shapes.
Competition
Currently, the battery industry uses a number of solutions to mitigate thermal runaway propagation that are offered by Aspen Aerogel, Unifrax, Lydall, LHS, 3M, Engineered Syntactic Systems, Celono, AllCell and others. Each of their solutions offer unique features and benefits for a specific application. We do not believe, however, that there is a one-size-fits-all solution across all applications. We believe our PPR design solution offers competitive light-weight and effective solutions for high energy battery cells because it is more flexible and can fit into different design configurations. For applications that require passive, light-weight solutions for high energy density battery cells, TRS offers a competitive solution.
Thermal interface material is a large and fragmented market with many large suppliers including Henkel Bergquist, Fujipoly, Laird, 3M, Honeywell and others. These solutions are typically based on silicone and thermal particles. KULR’s FTI offers high bulk thermal conductivity and low contact pressure requirements, which we believe gives us a competitive advantage over other thermal interface solutions.
Our licensed ISC device offers a reliable way to trigger battery cell thermal runaway compared to nail penetration, over-charging or over-heating the cell. ISC does not rely on mechanically damaging the battery exterior to activate the short, as do most of the other evaluation methodologies. Instead, the ISC devices trigger true internal shorts. This makes it possible to accurately pinpoint and fix problems leading to malfunctions, an ability that we believe will give us a competitive advantage over other testing solutions.
Governmental Regulation and Environmental Compliance
Certain substances we use in our manufacturing process are subject to federal governmental regulations (such as Environmental Protect Agency regulations). We believe we are in material compliance with all applicable governmental regulations, and that the cost and effect of compliance with environmental laws is not material. As a small generator of hazardous substances, we are subject to local governmental regulations relating to the storage, discharge, handling, emission, generation, manufacture and disposal of toxic or other hazardous substances, such as acetone that is used in very small quantities to manufacture our products. We are currently in compliance with these regulations. Most new materials sold in the U.S or in many other countries require regulation by government authorities. In most other countries, there are no specific regulations that require additional regulation, but some countries do have registration requirements with which we comply to the best our ability.
Employees
As of December 31, 2023, we had 57 full time employees and 3 contractors (after the Workforce Reduction discussed below). We believe that we maintain a good working relationship with our employees, and we have not experienced any significant labor disputes. In addition, KULR leverages outsource partners for IT management, Software Development, Battery Cell R&D, and Machine Automation. On January 9, 2024, the Company announced that it had completed a reduction of its total workforce of approximately 15% in an effort to allocate its resources to key business priorities to focus on improving the profitability of commercial customer engagements.
Intellectual Property
We seek to establish and maintain our proprietary rights in our technology and products through the use of patents, copyright, trademarks and trade secrets. We have, and will continue to, file applications for and/or obtain patents, copyrights and trademarks in the United States and selected foreign countries where we believe filing for such protection is appropriate. We also seek to maintain our trade secrets and confidential information by implementing organizational nondisclosure policies and through the use of appropriate confidentiality agreements.
As of December 31, 2023, we held six U.S. patents and six non-provisional pending U.S. patent applications with expiration dates ranging from 2024 to 2035. In addition, KULR has exclusive license on four patents from its partnerships. There can be no assurance, however, that the rights obtained can be successfully enforced against infringing products in every jurisdiction. While our patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets provide some advantage and protection, we believe our competitive position and future success is largely determined by such factors as the system and application knowledge, innovative skills, technological expertise and management ability and experience of our personnel; the range and success of new products being developed by us; our market brand recognition and ongoing marketing efforts; and customer service and technical support. We also have trademarks that are used in the conduct of our business to distinguish genuine KULR products; KULR has been granted trademarks for Class 9 and Class 17 applications.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
An investment in the Company’s common stock involves a high degree of risk. In determining whether to purchase the Company’s common stock, an investor should carefully consider all of the material risks described below, together with the other information contained in this report before deciding to purchase the Company’s securities. An investor should only purchase the Company’s securities if he or she can afford to suffer the loss of his or her entire investment.
Risks Related to Our Business and Our Industry
We are a young company with a limited operating history, making it difficult for you to evaluate our business and your investment.
KULR was formed in 2015 and KTC was formed in 2013. The Company, as a whole, has limited operating history. We have not yet demonstrated sales of products at a level capable of covering our fixed expenses. Since inception, we have demonstrated limited capability to produce sufficient materials to generate the ongoing revenues necessary to sustain our operations in the long-term. Nor have we demonstrated the ability to generate sufficient sales to sustain the business. There can be no assurance that the Company will ever produce a profit.
Many of the Company’s products represent new products that have not yet been fully tested in commercial product settings and for which manufacturing operations have not yet been fully scaled. This means that investors are subject to all the risks incident to
the creation and development of multiple new products and their associated manufacturing processes, and each investor should be prepared to withstand a complete loss of their investment.
Because we are subject to these uncertainties, there may be risks that management has failed to anticipate and you may have a difficult time evaluating our business and your investment in our Company. Our ability to become profitable depends primarily on our ability to successfully commercialize our products in the future. Even if we successfully develop and market our products, we may not generate sufficient or sustainable revenue to achieve or sustain profitability, which could cause us to cease operations.
KULR primarily sells engineered materials or products made with these materials to other companies for incorporation into their products. Although KULR’s technologies were previously used in numerous advanced space and industrial applications for NASA, there has been no significant incorporation of our materials or products into customer products that are released for commercial sale as of the date of this report. Because there is no demonstrated history of large-scale commercial success for our products, it is possible that such commercial success may never happen and that we will never achieve the level of revenues necessary to sustain our business.
We will need to raise substantial additional capital in the future to fund our operations and we may be unable to raise such funds when needed and on acceptable terms, which could have a materially adverse effect on our business.
We anticipate that we will incur operating losses for the foreseeable future. We will need to raise substantial additional capital to fund our operations and if we are not successful in securing additional financing on acceptable terms, we may be required to delay significantly, reduce the scope of or eliminate one or more of our research or development programs, downsize our general and administrative infrastructure, or seek alternative measures to avoid insolvency, including arrangements with collaborative partners or others that may require us to relinquish rights to certain of our technologies, product candidates or products.
We could experience significant disruptions in supply from our current or future sources.
We could experience significant disruptions as a result of global supply chain issues and, in the event of a disruption, we cannot make any assurances that we would be able to locate alternative suppliers of materials of comparable quality at an acceptable price, or alternative purchasers of our products. Identifying suitable supplier and purchasers is a resource-intensive process that requires us to become satisfied with quality control, responsiveness and service, financial stability and labor and other ethical practices. In addition, any indirect supply chain disruptions due to United States trade policy with China or the recent military conflict in Ukraine may further complicate existing supply chain constraints and direct or indirect customers’ demand for our products. Interruption of our supplies and in demand of our products by our purchasers, or the loss of one or more key suppliers or purchasers, could have a negative effect on the Company’s business and operating results. Any delays, interruption or increased costs or manufacture of our products could have an adverse effect on our ability to meet customer demand for our products and result in lower net sales and operating income both in the short and long term, which could in turn negatively impact our business, financial condition and the price of our shares. In addition, we cannot adequately predict the effects of the global supply chain disruptions on our customers or potential customers and the indirect effects such disruptions could have on our operations both in the short and long term, which could in turn negatively impact our business, financial condition and the price of our shares.
The conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the war between Israel and Hamas have resulted in worldwide geopolitical and macroeconomic uncertainty, and we cannot predict how the conflicts will evolve or the timing thereof. If these conflicts continue for a significant time or further expand to other countries and depending on the ultimate outcomes of these conflicts, which remain uncertain, they could have additional adverse effects on macroeconomic conditions, including but not limited to, increased costs, constraints on the availability of commodities, supply chain disruptions and decreased business spending. Furthermore, continuation of the conflicts could give rise to disruptions to our or our business partners’ global technology infrastructure, including through cyber-attack or cyber-intrusion; adverse changes in international trade policies and relations; regulatory enforcement; our ability to implement and execute our business strategy; terrorist activities; our exposure to foreign currency fluctuations; and constraints, volatility, or disruption in the capital markets, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.
We have limited experience in higher volume manufacturing that will be required to support profitable operations, and the risks associated with scaling to larger production quantities may be substantial.
We have limited experience manufacturing our products. We have established small-scale commercial or pilot-scale production facilities for our carbon-based thermal management products, but these facilities do not have the existing production capacity to produce sufficient quantities of materials for us to reach sustainable sales levels. At present, we rely on outsourced partners to produce high volume products. In order to develop internal capacity to produce much higher volumes, it will be necessary to produce multiples of existing processes or engineer new production processes in some cases. We have begun building up the scale of our automated battery cell facilities in our leased facility in San Diego but there is no guarantee that we will be able to economically scale-up our production
processes to the levels required. If we are unable to scale-up our production processes and facilities to support sustainable sales levels, the Company may be forced to curtail or cease operations.
We have a long and complex sales cycle and have not demonstrated the ability to operate successfully in this environment.
It has been our experience since our inception that the average sales cycle for our products can range from one to five years from the time a customer begins testing our products until the time that they could be successfully used in a commercial product. We have only demonstrated a limited track record of success in completing customer development projects, which makes it difficult for you to evaluate the likelihood of our future success. The sales and development cycle for our products is subject to customer budgetary constraints, internal acceptance procedures, competitive product assessments, scientific and development resource allocations, and other factors beyond our control. If we are not able to successfully accommodate these factors to enable customer development success, we will be unable to achieve sufficient sales to reach profitability. In this case, the Company may not be able to raise additional funds and may be forced to curtail or cease operations and you could lose all or a significant part of your investment.
We are dependent on customers and partners to design and test our solution into new applications which may not be brought to market successfully.
The Company targets its thermal management solution for new applications and devices that require high performance and unique features offered by its products. Developing new applications and devices involves a lengthy and complex process, and they may not be commercialized on a timely basis, or at all. The Company’s success is directly related to the success of these new products. Furthermore, because the Company’s solutions are relatively new to mass market consumer electronics, the design and testing time is longer than traditional solutions. Moreover, in transitioning to new technologies and products, we may not achieve design wins, our customers may delay transition to these new technologies, our competitors may transition more quickly than we do, or we may experience product delays, cost overruns or performance issues that could harm our operating results and financial condition.
We could be adversely affected by our exposure to customer concentration risk.
We are subject to customer concentration risk as a result of our reliance on a relatively small number of customers for a significant portion of our revenues. During 2023, we had 2 customers whose purchases, in the aggregate, accounted for 61% of total revenue. Due to the nature of our business and the relatively large size of many of the applications our customers are developing, we anticipate that we will be dependent on a relatively small number of customers for the majority of our revenues for the next several years. It is possible that only one or two customers could place orders sufficient to utilize most or all of our existing manufacturing capacity.
In this case, there would be at risk of significant loss of future revenues if one or more of these customers were to stop ordering our materials, which could in turn have a material adverse effect on our business and on your investment.
We operate in an advanced technology arena where hypothesized properties and benefits of our products may not be achieved in practice, or in which technological change may alter the attractiveness of our products.
Because there is no sustained history of successful use of our products in commercial applications, there is no assurance that broad successful commercial applications may be technically feasible. Some of the scientific and engineering data related to our products has been generated in our own laboratories or in laboratory environments at our customers or third-parties. It is well known that laboratory data is not always representative of commercial applications.
Likewise, we operate in a market that is subject to rapid technological change. Part of our business strategy is to monitor such change and take steps to remain technologically current, but there is no assurance that such strategy will be successful. If the Company is not able to adapt to new advances in materials sciences, or if unforeseen technologies or materials emerge that are not compatible with our products and services or that could replace our products and services, our revenues and business prospects would likely be adversely affected. Such an occurrence may have severe consequences, including the potential for our investors to lose all of their investment.
Competitors that are larger and better funded may cause the Company to be unsuccessful in selling its products.
The Company operates in a market that is expected to have significant competition in the future. Global research is being conducted by substantially larger companies who have greater financial, personnel, technical, and marketing resources. There can be no assurance that the Company’s strategy of offering better thermal management solutions based on the Company’s proprietary carbon fiber-based products will be able to compete with other companies, many of whom will have significantly greater resources, on a continuing basis. In the event that we cannot compete successfully, the Company may be forced to cease operations.
Because of our small size and limited operating history, we are dependent on key employees.
The Company’s operations and development are dependent upon the experience and knowledge of Michael Mo, our Chief Executive Officer, Shawn Canter, our Chief Financial Officer, Dr. William Walker, our Chief Technology Officer, Keith Cochran, our President and Chief Operating Officer, Ted Krupp, our Vice President of Sales, and Michael Carpenter, our Vice President of Engineering. If the services of any of these individuals should become unavailable, the Company’s business operations might be adversely affected. If several of these individuals became unavailable at the same time, the ability of the Company to continue normal business operations might be adversely affected to the extent that revenue or profits could be diminished, and you could lose all or a significant amount of your investment.
Our success depends in part on our ability to protect our intellectual property rights, and our inability to enforce these rights could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position.
We rely on the patent, trademark, copyright and trade-secret laws of the United States and to protect our intellectual property rights. We may be unable to prevent third parties from using our intellectual property without our authorization. The unauthorized use of our intellectual property could reduce any competitive advantage we have developed, reduce our market share or otherwise harm our business. In the event of unauthorized use of our intellectual property, litigation to protect or enforce our rights could be costly, and we may not prevail.
Many of our technologies are not covered by any patent or patent application, and our issued and pending U.S. patents may not provide us with any competitive advantage and could be challenged by third parties. Our inability to secure issuance of our pending patent applications may limit our ability to protect the intellectual property rights these pending patent applications were intended to cover. Our competitors may attempt to design around our patents to avoid liability for infringement and, if successful, our competitors could adversely affect our market share. Furthermore, the expiration of our patents may lead to increased competition.
Our pending trademark applications may not be approved by the responsible governmental authorities and, even if these trademark applications are granted, third parties may seek to oppose or otherwise challenge these trademark applications. A failure to obtain trademark registrations in the United States and in other countries could limit our ability to protect our products and their associated trademarks and impede our marketing efforts in those jurisdictions.
In addition, effective patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret protection may be unavailable or limited in some foreign countries. We also rely on unpatented proprietary manufacturing expertise, continuing technological innovation and other trade secrets to develop and maintain our competitive position. Although we generally enter into confidentiality agreements with our employees and third parties to protect our intellectual property, these confidentiality agreements are limited in duration and could be breached, and may not provide meaningful protection of our trade secrets or proprietary manufacturing expertise. Adequate remedies may not be available if there is an unauthorized use or disclosure of our trade secrets and manufacturing expertise. In addition, others may obtain knowledge about our trade secrets through independent development or by legal means. The failure to protect our processes, apparatus, technology, trade secrets and proprietary manufacturing expertise, methods and compounds could have a material adverse effect on our business by jeopardizing critical intellectual property.
Where a product formulation or process is kept as a trade secret, third parties may independently develop or invent and patent products or processes identical to our trade-secret products or processes. This could have an adverse impact on our ability to make and sell products or use such processes and could potentially result in costly litigation in which we might not prevail.
We could face intellectual property infringement claims that could result in significant legal costs and damages and impede our ability to produce key products, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If our technologies conflict with the proprietary rights of others, we may incur substantial costs as a result of litigation or other proceedings and we could face substantial monetary damages and be precluded from commercializing our products, which would materially harm our business and financial condition.
Patents in the thermal management solutions industry are numerous and may, at times, conflict with one another. As a result, it is not always clear to industry participants, including us, which patents cover the multitude of product types. Ultimately, the courts must determine the scope of coverage afforded by a patent and the courts do not always arrive at uniform conclusions.
A patent owner may claim that we are making, using, selling or offering for sale an invention covered by the owner’s patents and may go to court to stop us from engaging in such activities. Such litigation is not uncommon in our industry. Patent lawsuits can be expensive and would consume time and other resources. There is a risk that a court would decide that we are infringing a third party’s patents and would order us to stop the activities covered by the patents, including the commercialization of our products. In addition,
there is a risk that we would have to pay the other party damages for having violated the other party’s patents (which damages may be increased, as well as attorneys’ fees ordered paid, if infringement is found to be willful), or that we will be required to obtain a license from the other party in order to continue to commercialize the affected products, or to design our products in a manner that does not infringe a valid patent. We may not prevail in any legal action, and a required license under the patent may not be available on acceptable terms or at all, requiring cessation of activities that were found to infringe a valid patent. We also may not be able to develop a non-infringing product design on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.
We may not obtain U.S. Government contracts to further develop our technology.
We can give no assurances that we will be successful in obtaining government contracts. The process of applying for government contracts is lengthy, and we cannot be certain that we will be successful in complying with all requirements throughout such application process. Accordingly, we cannot be certain that we will be awarded any U.S. Government contracts utilizing our carbon fiber-based solutions.
Downturns in general economic conditions could adversely affect our profitability.
Downturns in general economic conditions can cause fluctuations in demand for our products, product prices, volumes and gross margins. Future economic conditions may not be favorable to our industry. A decline in the demand for our products or a shift to lower-margin products due to deteriorating economic conditions could adversely affect sales of our products and our profitability and could also result in impairments of certain of our assets.
Furthermore, any uncertainty in economic conditions may result in a slowdown to the global economy that could affect our business by reducing the prices that our customers may be able or willing to pay for our products or by reducing the demand for our products.
An increase in the cost of raw materials or electricity might affect our profits.
Recently, cost inflation stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ukraine/Russia crisis, the Israel/Hamas crisis, and other macroeconomic factors has caused prices to increase across various sectors of the economy. Any increase in the prices of our raw materials or energy might affect the overall cost of our products. If we are not able to raise our prices to pass on increased costs to our customers, we would be unable to maintain our existing profit margins. Our major cost components include items such as production materials and electricity, which items are normally readily available industrial commodities. During our history as a business, we have not seen any material impact on our cost structure from fluctuations in raw material or energy costs, but this could change in the future.
Our results of operations could deteriorate if our manufacturing operations were substantially disrupted for an extended period.
Our manufacturing operations may be subject to disruption due to extreme weather conditions, floods and similar events, major industrial accidents, strikes and lockouts, adoption of new laws or regulations, changes in interpretations of existing laws or regulations or changes in governmental enforcement policies, civil disruption, riots, terrorist attacks, war, and other events. We cannot assure you that no such events will occur. If such an event occurs, it could have a material adverse effect on us.
We may become subject to liabilities related to risks inherent in working with hazardous materials.
Our development and manufacturing processes involve the controlled use of hazardous materials, such as acetone. We are subject to federal, provincial and local laws and EPA regulations governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal of such materials and certain waste products. Although we believe that our safety procedures for handling and disposing of such materials comply with the standards prescribed by such laws and regulations, the risk of accidental contamination or injury from these materials cannot be completely eliminated. In the event of such an accident, we could be held liable for any damages that result and any such liability could exceed our resources. We are not specifically insured with respect to this liability. Although we believe that we are in compliance in all material respects with applicable environmental laws and regulations and currently do not expect to make material capital expenditures for environmental control facilities in the near-term, if we fail to comply with these regulations substantial fines could be imposed on us and we could be required to suspend production, alter manufacturing processes or cease operations. In addition, there can be no assurance that we will not be required to incur significant costs to comply with environmental laws and regulations in the future, or that our operations, business or assets will not be materially adversely affected by current or future environmental laws or regulations.
Significant disruptions of information technology systems, breaches of data security and other incidents could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
See Item 1C - Cybersecurity for a discussion of our information technology systems. We maintain information in digital and other forms that is necessary to conduct our business, and we are increasingly dependent on information technology systems and infrastructure to operate our business. In the ordinary course of our business, we collect, store and transmit large amounts of confidential information, including intellectual property, proprietary business information and personal information. It is critical that we do so in a secure manner to maintain the privacy, security, confidentiality, and integrity of such confidential information. Our internal information technology systems and infrastructure, and those of any future collaborators and our contractors, consultants, vendors and other third parties on which we rely, are vulnerable to damage or unauthorized access or use resulting from computer viruses, malware, natural disasters, terrorism, war, telecommunication and electrical failures, cyber-attacks or cyber-intrusions over the Internet, denial or degradation of service attacks, ransomware, hacking, phishing schemes intended to cause an unauthorized transfer of funds and other social engineering attacks, attachments to emails, persons inside our organization or persons with access to systems inside our organization.
Additionally, while we have implemented security measures to protect our data security and information technology systems, our efforts to address these problems may not be successful, and these problems could result in unexpected interruptions, delays, cessation of service, negative publicity and other harm to our business and our competitive position. If such an event were to occur and cause interruptions in our operations, it could result in a material disruption of our product development programs. Any security compromise affecting us, our partners or our industry, whether real or perceived, could harm our reputation, erode confidence in the effectiveness of our security measures and lead to regulatory scrutiny, which could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The failure of financial institutions or transactional counterparties could adversely affect our current and projected business operation and our financial condition and results of operations.
During March 2023, Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”), Signature Bank and Silvergate Capital Corp. were each closed by the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) was appointed as receiver. A statement by the Department of the Treasury, the Federal Reserve and the FDIC stated that all depositors of SVB would have access to all of their money after only one business day of closure, including funds held in uninsured deposit accounts. The standard deposit insurance amount is up to $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank, for each account ownership category. Although we do not have any funds deposited with the aforementioned banks that failed, we regularly maintain cash balances with other financial institutions in excess of the FDIC insurance limit. A failure of a depository institution to return deposits could impact access to our invested cash or cash equivalents and could adversely impact our operating liquidity and financial performance.
Future adverse regulations could affect the viability of the business.
As a small generator of hazardous substances, we are subject to local governmental regulations relating to the storage, discharge, handling, emission, generation, manufacture and disposal of toxic or other hazardous substances, such as acetone that is used in very small quantities to manufacture our products. We are currently in compliance with these regulations. However, there can be no assurance that future regulations might not change or raise the compliance standards, of which the Company may become in violate or for which we may incur substantial costs to comply.
In most cases, as far as we are aware, there are no current regulations elsewhere in the world that prevent or prohibit the sale of the Company’s products. However, there is no assurance that any regulations will not be enacted in the future to require the Company’s products or production materials to be subject to test for toxicity or other health effects before they can be sold or used in the production process, if such regulations are enacted in the future, the Company’s business could be adversely affected because of the requirement for expensive and time-consuming tests or other regulatory compliance. There can be no assurance that future regulations might not severely limit or even prevent the sale of the Company’s products in major markets, in which case the Company’s financial prospects might be severely limited, causing investors to lose some or all of their investment.
Our directors and officers may be exposed to liability.
We currently maintain a policy for director and officer liability insurance, also known as “D&O Insurance.” However, the maximum coverage under our D&O Insurance policy may not be sufficient to cover all such liability exposure and, as a result, it may be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers.
Compliance with changing regulation of corporate governance and public disclosure will result in additional expenses and will divert time and attention away from revenue generating activities.
Changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related SEC regulations, have created uncertainty for public companies and significantly increased the costs and risks associated with accessing the public markets and public reporting. Our management team will need to invest significant management time and financial resources to comply with both existing and evolving standards for public companies, which will lead to increased selling, general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue generating activities to compliance activities, which could have an adverse effect on our business.
If we fail to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting, the price of our common stock may be adversely affected.
Our internal control over financial reporting could in the future have weaknesses and conditions that could require correction or remediation, the disclosure of which may have an adverse impact on the price of our common stock. We are required to establish and maintain appropriate internal controls over financial reporting. Failure to establish those controls, or any failure of those controls once established, could adversely affect our public disclosures regarding our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, management’s assessment of internal controls over financial reporting may identify weaknesses and conditions that need to be addressed in our internal controls over financial reporting or other matters that may raise concerns for investors. Any actual or perceived weaknesses and conditions that need to be addressed in our internal control over financial reporting or disclosure of management’s assessment of our internal controls over financial reporting may have an adverse impact on the price of our common stock.
We are required to comply with certain provisions of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and if we fail to comply in a timely manner, our business could be harmed and our stock price could decline.
Rules adopted by the SEC pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 require an annual assessment of internal controls over financial reporting, and for certain issuers an attestation of this assessment by the issuer’s independent registered public accounting firm. The standards that must be met for management to assess the internal controls over financial reporting as effective are complex, and require significant documentation, testing, and possible remediation to meet the detailed standards. We expect to incur significant expenses and to devote resources to Section 404 compliance on an ongoing basis. It is difficult for us to predict how long it will take or how costly it will be to complete the assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for each year and to remediate any deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting. As a result, we may not be able to complete the assessment and remediation process on a timely basis. In addition, although attestation requirements by our independent registered public accounting firm are not presently applicable to us, we could become subject to these requirements in the future and we may encounter problems or delays in completing the implementation of any resulting changes to internal controls over financial reporting. In the event that our Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer determine that our internal control over financial reporting is not effective as defined under Section 404, we cannot predict how regulators will react or how the market prices of our shares will be affected; however, we believe that there is a risk that investor confidence and share value may be negatively affected.
We may be unable to continue as a going concern.
Management has concluded, and the report of our independent registered public accounting firm includes an explanatory paragraph stating, that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for a period ending 12 months after the date of this filing. The reaction of investors to the inclusion of a going concern statement by management and our auditors and our potential inability to continue as a going concern may materially adversely affect the price of our common shares and our ability to raise new capital or enter into partnerships to raise additional capital. If we are unable to continue as a going concern, we may have to liquidate our assets and may receive less than the value at which those assets are carried on our financial statements, and it is likely that investors will lose all or part of their investment. Further, the perception that we may be unable to continue as a going concern may impede our ability to pursue strategic opportunities or operate our business due to concerns regarding our ability to fulfill our contractual obligations. In addition, if there remains substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, investors or other financing sources may be unwilling to provide additional funding to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.
Risks Relating to Our Common Stock
An active, liquid and orderly market for our common stock may not develop or be sustained, and you may not be able to sell your common stock without adversely affecting the price, or at all depending on volume offered for sale at any time.
Our common stock trades on the NYSE American LLC Exchange (“NYSE American”). We cannot assure you that an active trading market for our common stock will develop or be sustained. The lack of an active market may impair your ability to sell the common stock at the time you wish to sell them or at a price that you consider reasonable. An inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital by selling common stock and may impair our ability to acquire other businesses or technologies using our common stock as consideration, which, in turn, could materially adversely affect our business.
We are subject to the continued listing requirements of the NYSE American. If we are unable to comply with such requirements, our common stock would be delisted from the NYSE American, which would limit investors’ ability to effect transactions in our common stock and subject us to additional trading restrictions.
Our common stock is currently listed on the NYSE American. In order to maintain our listing, we must maintain certain share prices, financial and share distribution targets, including maintaining a minimum amount of shareholders’ equity and a minimum number of public shareholders. In addition to these objective standards, the NYSE American may delist the securities of any issuer if, in its opinion, the issuer’s financial condition and/or operating results appear unsatisfactory; if it appears that the extent of public distribution or the aggregate market value of the security has become so reduced as to make continued listing on the NYSE American inadvisable; if the issuer sells or disposes of principal operating assets or ceases to be an operating company; if an issuer fails to comply with the NYSE American’s listing requirements; if an issuer’s common stock sells at what the NYSE American considers a “low selling price” (generally trading below $0.20 per share for an extended period of time); or if any other event occurs or any condition exists which makes continued listing on the NYSE American, in its opinion, inadvisable.
On December 20, 2023, we received a letter (the “Letter”) from the staff of NYSE American stating that the Company’s stockholders’ equity as reported in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 was not in compliance with the NYSE American’s continued listing standards under Section 1003(a)(iii) of the NYSE American Company Guide (the “Company Guide”). Section 1003(a)(iii) of the Company Guide requires a listed company to have stockholders’ equity of $6 million or more if the listed company has reported losses from continuing operations and/or net losses in its five most recent fiscal years. The Company is now subject to the procedures and requirements of Section 1009 of the Company Guide. The Company submitted a plan to the NYSE American on January 19, 2024 advising of actions it has taken or will take to regain compliance with the continued listing standards by June 20, 2025. On March 5, 2024, we received a notification from the NYSE American that the Company’s plan to regain compliance was accepted. The NYSE American has granted the Company a plan period through June 20, 2025 to regain compliance with Section 1003(a)(iii). If the Company is not in compliance with the continued listing standards by that date or if the Company does not make progress consistent with the plan during the plan period, the NYSE American may commence delisting procedures.
On February 12, 2024, we received a letter from the staff of NYSE American LLC (the “Exchange”) stating that the Company’s securities’ performance of trading price is below compliance criteria pursuant to Section 1003(f)(v) of the NYSE American Company Guide, which the Exchange determined to be a 30-trading day average of less than $0.20 per share. The Company’s continued listing is predicated on it demonstrating sustained price improvement within a reasonable period of time, which the Exchange has determined to be no later than August 12, 2024, or otherwise effecting a reverse stock split of its common stock.
Our Common Stock will continue to be listed on the NYSE American while we attempt to regain compliance with the listing standard noted, subject to our compliance with other continued listing requirements. Our Common Stock will continue to trade under the symbol “KULR,” but will have an added designation of “.BC” to indicate that we are not in compliance with the NYSE American’s listing standards. The NYSE American notification does not affect our business operations or our SEC reporting requirements and does not conflict with or cause an event of default under any of our material agreements.
If the NYSE American delists our common stock from trading on its exchange and we are not able to list our securities on another national securities exchange, we expect our common stock would qualify to be quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board ® or on the Pink Sheets ® (a quotation medium operated by Pink Sheets LLC). If this were to occur, we could face significant material adverse consequences, including:
● a limited availability of market quotations for our securities;
● reduced liquidity for our securities;
● a determination that our common stock are a “penny stock” which will require brokers trading in our common stock to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our securities;
● a limited amount of news and analyst coverage; and
● a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or if they change their recommendations regarding our stock adversely, our stock price and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our common stock will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business. Our research coverage by industry and financial analysts is currently limited. Even if our analyst coverage increases, if one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our stock, our stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.
Shares eligible for future sale may adversely affect the market.
From time to time, certain of our stockholders may be eligible to sell all or some of their shares of common stock by means of ordinary brokerage transactions in the open market pursuant to Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, subject to certain limitations. In general, pursuant to amended Rule 144, non-affiliate stockholders may sell freely after six months subject only to the current public information requirement. Affiliates may sell after six months subject to the Rule 144 volume, manner of sale (for equity securities), and current public information and notice requirements. Any substantial sales of our common stock pursuant to Rule 144 may have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.
We could issue additional common stock, which might dilute the book value of our common stock.
Our Board of Directors has the authority, without action or vote of our shareholders, to issue all or a part of our authorized but unissued shares. Such stock issuances could be made at a price that reflects a discount or a premium from the then-current trading price of our common stock. In addition, in order to raise capital, we have and may need to issue securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for a significant amount of our common stock. These issuances would dilute the percentage ownership interest, which would have the effect of reducing your influence on matters on which our shareholders vote and might dilute the book value of our common stock. You may incur additional dilution if holders of stock options, whether currently outstanding or subsequently granted, exercise their options, or if warrant holders exercise their warrants, whether currently outstanding or subsequently granted, to purchase shares of our common stock.
Our common stock could be further diluted as a result of the issuance of convertible securities, warrants or options.
In the past, we have issued convertible securities (such as convertible debentures and notes), warrants and options in order to raise money or as compensation for services and incentive compensation for our employees and directors. We have shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of certain of these securities and may increase the shares reserved for these purposes in the future. Our issuance of these convertible securities, options and warrants could affect the rights of our stockholders, could reduce the market price of our common stock or could result in adjustments to exercise prices of outstanding warrants (resulting in these securities becoming exercisable for, as the case may be, a greater number of shares of our common stock), or could obligate us to issue additional shares of common stock to certain of our stockholders.
We may require additional capital to support business growth, and if capital is not available to us or is available only by diluting existing stockholders, our business, operating results and financial condition may suffer.
We may require additional capital to continue to develop and grow our business and operations, including responding to business opportunities, challenges or unforeseen circumstances, and we cannot be certain that additional financing will be available, which could limit our ability to grow and jeopardize our ability to continue our business operations. We fund our capital needs from available working capital; however, the timing of available working capital and capital funding needs may not always coincide, and the levels of working capital may not fully cover capital funding requirements. From time to time, we may need to supplement our working capital from operations with proceeds from financing activities. For instance, on May 13, 2022, we entered into a standby equity purchase agreement (the “SEPA”) with YA II PN, LTD., a Cayman Islands exempt limited partnership (“Yorkville”), whereby we have the right, but not the obligation, to sell to Yorkville up to an aggregate of $50,000,000 of our shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per
share, at our request, subject to terms and conditions specified in the SEPA. We may continue to opportunistically seek access to additional funds by utilizing the SEPA. There can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain any additional financing on terms that are acceptable to us, or at all.
If we raise additional funds through issuances of equity, our existing stockholders could experience significant dilution, and any new securities we issue could have rights, preferences and privileges superior to those of holders of our shares of common stock. Additionally, any debt financing secured by us in the future could involve restrictive covenants relating to our capital raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities.
Further, a severe or prolonged economic downturn could result in a variety of risks to our business, including weakened demand for our products or services and our inability to raise additional capital when needed on acceptable terms, if at all. Failure to secure any necessary financing in a timely manner and on favorable terms could impair our ability to achieve our growth strategy, could harm our financial performance and stock price and could require us to delay or abandon our business plans. We cannot anticipate all of the ways in which the current economic climate and financial market conditions could adversely impact our business.
Global economic uncertainty and financial market volatility caused by political instability, changes in international trade relationships and conflicts, such as the war in Ukraine and the Israel-Hamas war, could make it more difficult for us to access financing and could adversely affect our business and operations.
Our ability to raise capital is subject to the risk of adverse changes in the market value of our stock. Periods of macroeconomic weakness or recession and heightened market volatility caused by adverse geopolitical developments could increase these risks, potentially resulting in adverse impacts on our ability to raise further capital on favorable terms. The impact of geopolitical tension, such as a deterioration in the bilateral relationship between the US and China or an escalation in conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the Israel-Hamas war, including any resulting sanctions, export controls or other restrictive actions that may be imposed by the US and/or other countries against governmental or other entities in, for example, Russia, also could lead to disruption, instability and volatility in global trade patterns, which may in turn impact our ability to source necessary reagents, raw materials and other inputs for our research and development operations.
We do not intend to pay dividends.
We do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We may not have sufficient funds to legally pay dividends. Even if funds are legally available to pay dividends, we may nevertheless decide in our sole discretion not to pay dividends. The declaration, payment and amount of any future dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors, and will depend upon, among other things, the results of our operations, cash flows and financial condition, operating and capital requirements, and other factors our board of directors may consider relevant. There is no assurance that we will pay any dividends in the future, and, if dividends are paid, there is no assurance with respect to the amount of any such dividend.
Voting power of our shareholders is highly concentrated by insiders.
Our officers, directors and affiliates currently beneficially own approximately 13.7% of our outstanding Common Stock eligible to vote and 39.2% of the voting power of our voting stock. Such concentrated control of the Company may adversely affect the value of our Common Stock. If you acquire our Common Stock, you may have no effective voice in our management. Sales by our insiders or affiliates, along with any other market transactions, could affect the value of our Common Stock.
Our Chairman and CEO owns our Series A Voting Preferred Stock and will be able to exert significant control over matters subject to shareholder approval.
Michael Mo, our Chairman and CEO, currently beneficially owns common stock and Series A Voting Preferred Stock that provide him with 38.36% of the voting power of our voting stock. Therefore, even after further offerings, he will have the ability to substantially influence us through this ownership position. For example, he may be able to significantly influence elections of directors, amendments of our organizational documents, or approval of any merger, sale of assets, or other major corporate transaction. His interests may not always coincide with our corporate interests or the interests of other shareholders, and he may act in a manner with which you may not agree or that may not be in the best interests of our other shareholders. So long as he continues to own a significant amount of our equity, he will continue to be able to strongly influence or effectively control our decisions.
Our articles of incorporation allow for our board to create a new series of preferred stock without further approval by our stockholders, which could adversely affect the rights of the holders of our Common Stock.
Our Board of Directors has the authority to fix and determine the relative rights and preferences of preferred stock. Our Board of Directors have the authority to issue up to 20,000,000 shares of our preferred stock terms of which may be determined by the Board without further stockholder approval. As a result, our Board of Directors could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock that would grant to holders the preferred right to our assets upon liquidation, the right to receive dividend payments before dividends are distributed to the holders of Common Stock and the right to the redemption of the shares, together with a premium, prior to the redemption of our Common Stock.
In addition, our Board of Directors could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock that has greater voting power than our Common Stock or that is convertible into our Common Stock, which could decrease the relative voting power of our Common Stock or result in dilution to our existing stockholders.
On January 26, 2024, our Board of Directors approved, authorized, and ratified the issuance of 730,000 shares of previously designated Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock to the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, Michael Mo, for no consideration, subject to the Board reserving the full and unequivocal right to revoke, rescind, transfer or otherwise cancel the issued Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock in the event Michael Mo is removed from any position with the Company or resigns from all positions with the Company.
The issuance of up to 1,000,000 shares of Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock was previously approved and authorized by a vote of the majority stockholders of the Company and reinforces and enhances the Company’s flexibility to optimize the Company’s negotiating position in any potential current and/or future engagements with commercial, financial, and/or strategic parties, and to provide defenses against potential hostile third-party actions. Each record holder of Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock shall have that number of votes (identical in every other respect to the voting rights of the holders of Common Stock entitled to vote at any regular or special meeting of the shareholders or by written consent) equal to one-hundred (100) votes per share of Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock held by such record holder.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Smaller reporting companies such as us are not required to provide the information required by this item.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our principal executive office is located at 4863 Shawline Street, San Diego, CA 92111, and the telephone number at such address is 408-663-5247. We also lease a facility located at 555 Forge River Road, Suite 100, Webster, TX 77598, primarily used for research and development.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are not currently a party to any legal or administrative proceedings. Our current officers and directors have not been convicted in a criminal proceeding nor have they been permanently or temporarily enjoined, barred, suspended or otherwise limited from involvement in any type of business, securities or banking activities.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market for Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters
Our common stock trades on the NYSE American LLC Exchange under the symbol “KULR.”
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
On November 5, 2018, KULR adopted and ratified the KULR Technology Group 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”). Subject to certain adjustments, the 2018 Plan, the total number of shares of common stock which may be purchased or granted directly under the plan shall not exceed fifteen million (15,000,000). The 2018 Plan is generally administered by the Board or a committee of two (2) or more independent, non-employee directors (the “Plan Committee”). The Board or the Plan Committee, as applicable, has the power to determine the participants (the “Participants”) to whom awards under the 2018 Plan (the “Plan Awards”) shall be made. The 2018 Plan allows for the award of, stock, stock options, and shares of restricted stock. Stock options granted under the Plan may be either incentive stock options (an “ISO”) qualifying under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Codes of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) or non-qualified stock options (a “NQSO”). An ISO may only be issued to employees of KULR. ISOs may be granted to officers or directors, provided they are also employees of KULR.
The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2023, our securities authorized for issuance under any equity compensation plans approved by our stockholders:
Number of securities
Number of securities
remaining available for
to be issued upon
Weighted-average
future issuance under equity
exercise of
exercise
compensation plans
outstanding
price of
(excluding securities
options,
outstanding options,
reflected in
warrants and rights
warrants and rights
column (a))
Plan Category
(a)
(b)
(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
3,722,716
$
1.26
7,406,405
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
-
-
-
Total
3,722,716
$
1.26
7,406,405
Stock Transfer Agent
Our stock transfer agent of our Common Stock is VStock Transfer LLC, located at 18 Lafayette Pl, Woodmere, NY 11598.
Common Shareholders
On April 9, 2024, we had approximately 116 record and street shareholders.
Dividends
The Company has not paid any dividends to date. The Company intends to employ all available funds for the growth and development of its business, and accordingly, does not intend to declare or pay any dividends in the foreseeable future.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
There were no sales of unregistered securities during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 other than those transactions previously reported to the SEC on our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The Company did not repurchase any of its equity securities during the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2023.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
ITEM 6. [Reserved]
Not applicable.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OR PLAN OF OPERATION
The following discussion and analysis of the results of operations and financial condition of KULR Technology Group, Inc. (“KULR”) and its wholly-owned subsidiary, KULR Technology Corporation (“KTC”) (collectively referred to as “KULR” or the “Company”) as of and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes to those consolidated financial statements that are included in Item 8 in this Annual Report. References in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations to “us”, “we”, “our” and similar terms refer to the Company. This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains statements that are forward-looking. These statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risk, uncertainties and other factors. These statements are often identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “estimate,” or “continue,” and similar expressions or variations. Actual results could differ materially because of the factors discussed in Item 1A “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report, and other factors that we may not know.
Overview
KULR Technology Group, Inc., through our wholly-owned subsidiary KULR Technology Corporation, develops and commercializes high-performance thermal management technologies for batteries, electronics, and other components across an array of battery-powered applications. For aerospace and Department of Defense (“DOD”) applications, our solutions target high performance applications in direct energy, hypersonic vehicles and satellite communications. For commercial applications, our main focus is a total solution to battery safety and sustainability by which we aim to mitigate the effects of thermal runaway propagation which has been known to cause random fires in lithium-ion (“Li-ion”) batteries. This total battery safety solution can be used for electric vehicles, energy storage, battery recycling transportation, cloud computing and 5G communication devices. Our proprietary core technology is a carbon fiber material that provides what we believe to be superior thermal conductivity and heat dissipation for an ultra-lightweight and pliable material. By leveraging our proprietary cooling solutions that have been developed through longstanding partnerships with advanced technology users like NASA, the Jet Propulsion Lab and others, our products and services make commercial battery powered products safer and electronics systems cooler and lighter.
KULR’s business model continues to evolve from being a component supplier, to providing more design and testing services to our customers. The next step of evolution is to provide total system solutions to address market needs. In order to scale up as a systems provider more quickly and efficiently in (i) the Li-ion battery energy storage and recycling markets, (ii) battery cell design and safety testing, and (iii) advanced thermal management systems, such as hypersonic vehicles, KULR will actively seek partners for joint venture, technology licensing and other strategic partnership models. The goal is to leverage the Company’s thermal design technology expertise to create market leading products, which KULR will take to market directly to capture more value for KULR shareholders.
We have not yet achieved profitability and expect to continue to incur cash outflows from operations, as a result, we will eventually need to generate significant revenues to achieve profitability. Until that time, we shall have to continue to raise cash, as and when required, through equity or debt financings.
Recent Developments
Annual Revenues
The Company reported record annual revenues of $9.8 million for 2023, as compared to its previous revenues of $4.0 million for 2022.
Liability Repayment
Subsequent to December 31, 2023, the Company repaid in full all remaining principal and interest owed in connection with the prepaid advance liability.
Equity Financing
On September 15, 2023, the Company completed a public offering of 8,214,285 shares of common stock, priced at $0.35 per share, with gross proceeds of $2,875,000 less issuance costs of $588,230, for net proceeds of $2,286,770.
On December 22, 2023, the Company completed a public offering of 5,175,000 shares of common stock, priced at $0.20 per share, with gross proceeds of $1,035,000 less issuance costs of $257,800, for net proceeds of $777,200.
Issuance of Non-Convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock
On January 26, 2024, the Board of Directors (“Board”) of the Company, following extensive strategic evaluation, including consultation with advisors, approved, authorized, and ratified the issuance of 730,000 shares of previously designated Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock to the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, Michael Mo, subject to certain limitations as set forth below. The issuance of up to 1,000,000 shares of Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock was previously approved and authorized by a vote of the majority stockholders of the Company.
The issuance is subject to the Board reserving the full and unequivocal right to revoke, rescind, transfer or otherwise cancel the issued Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock in the event Michael Mo is removed from any position with the Company or resigns from all positions with the Company. This conditional arrangement is designed to ensure that the voting power conferred by the Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock remains tied to the active leadership of the Company. This underscores the Board’s commitment to maintaining alignment with the long-term interests of the Company and its stockholders.
The Independent Members of the Board have determined that the issuance represents a pivotal strategic move to reinforce and enhance the Company’s flexibility to optimize the Company’s negotiating position in any potential current and/or future engagements with commercial, financial, and/or strategic parties, and to provide defenses against potential hostile third-party actions.
Appointment of Officers and Management
Appointment of Vice President, Sales
On January 16, 2023, the Company appointed a Vice President of Sales (the “VP of Sales”), and issued the VP of Sales 298,507 shares of restricted common stock. The restricted common stock had a grant date fair value of $400,000, and vests in four equal annual installments beginning January 16, 2024 based solely on continued service. The grant date fair value will be amortized ratably over the vesting period. In addition, the Company committed to a one-year guaranteed commission of $200,000, payable in four quarterly installments as well as a severance package of $250,000 and one-year of family health insurance if the VP of Sales is terminated without cause (as defined) within one year of hire.
Appointment of Chief Financial Officer
On March 31, 2023, the Company appointed a Chief Financial Officer (the “CFO”) and issued the CFO 1,500,000 shares of restricted stock. The restricted common stock had an aggregate grant date fair value of $1,380,000, and vests in five equal annual installments beginning March 31, 2024 based solely on continued service.
Management Equity Incentive Grants
On July 12, 2023, the Board unanimously approved an equity grant to the Chief Technology Officer, of 350,000 shares of restricted common stock. The restricted common stock had a grant date fair value of $266,000 and vests in four equal annual installments beginning on July 12, 2024.
Merchant Cash Advance Agreement
On January 22, 2024, the Company entered into a merchant cash advance agreement (the “Cash Advance Agreement”) whereby the Company received $504,900 of cash (net of underwriting fees of $35,100) and paid finder’s fees in cash of $21,600 and finder’s fees to be issued in equity with an aggregate value of $16,200, with the obligation to repay a total of $804,600 over thirty-two weekly payments of $25,143.75, beginning January 30, 2024. On February 26, 2024, the parties added an addendum to the agreement for an early payoff discount whereby the Company will owe $756,000 if paid by March 22, 2024, or $783,000 if paid by April 22, 2024.
On February 26, 2024, the Company entered into a merchant cash advance agreement (the “Second Cash Advance Agreement”) with the lender mentioned above, whereby the Company received $502,200 of cash (net of underwriting fees of $37,800) and paid finder’s fees in cash of $21,600 and finder’s fees to be issued in equity with an aggregate value of $16,200, with the obligation to repay a total of $804,600 over thirty weekly payments of $26,820, beginning February 29, 2024.
Recent Shareholder Vote by Majority Written Consent
On February 9, 2024, the shareholders of the Company, acted by way of majority written consent (in lieu of a special meeting of stockholders) to approve resolutions authorizing the Company’s Board of Directors to take the following actions: (1) to issue shares of Common Stock to current or future engagements with commercial or strategic parties, which may result in issuances of over 20% of
the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock; (2) to amend the Company’s Bylaws to decrease the number of shares of Common Stock needed to establish a quorum for meetings of stock holders to thirty-three-and-one-third percent (33 1/3 %) of the outstanding voting securities of the Company; (3) to amend the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company to effect a reverse split within a ratio range between 1-for-2 and 1-for-80; (4) to issue shares of common stock, in connection with an existing financing facility, which may result in the potential issuance of over 20% of the issued and outstanding shares. The resolution was approved by shareholders holding in aggregate of 55.72% of outstanding shares as of February 9, 2024.
Risks Associated with Ongoing Conflicts
The short and long-term worldwide implications of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine are difficult to predict at this time. The imposition of sanctions on Russia by the United States or other countries and possible counter sanctions by Russia, and the resulting economic impacts on oil prices and other materials and goods, could affect the price of materials used in the manufacture of our product candidates. If the price of materials used in the manufacturing of our product candidates increase, that would adversely affect our business and the results of our operations.
Additionally, we do not have operations or material net sales in Israel or Gaza and we currently do not expect the recent hostilities in that region to have a material impact on our business.
We cannot predict how the events described above will evolve. If the events continue for a significant period of time or expand to other countries, and depending on the ultimate outcomes of these conflicts, which remain uncertain, they could heighten certain risks disclosed in Item 1A in this Form 10-K, including, but not limited to, adverse effects on macroeconomic conditions, including increased inflation, constraints on the availability of commodities, supply chain disruption and decreased business spending; cyber-incidents; disruptions to our or our business partners’ global technology infrastructure, including through cyber-attack or cyber-intrusion; adverse changes in international trade policies and relations; claims, litigation and regulatory enforcement; our ability to implement and execute our business strategy; terrorist activities; our exposure to foreign currency fluctuations; reputational risk; and constraints, volatility, or disruption in the capital markets, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.
Executive Officers
Effective as of August 4, 2023, Dr. Timothy Knowles resigned from the Board of Directors, as well as any other position that he occupied with the Company.
Consolidated Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 2023 Compared With Year Ended December 31, 2022
Revenue
Our revenues consisted of the following types:
For the Years Ended
December 31,
Revenues Recognized at a Point in Time:
Product sales
$
6,903,988
$
2,643,325
Contract services
1,167,391
1,351,309
Total
8,071,379
3,994,634
Revenues Recognized Over Time:
Contract services
1,758,787
-
Total Revenues
$
9,830,166
$
3,994,634
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we generated $9,830,166 and $3,994,634 of revenue from 53 and 36 customers, respectively, representing an increase of $5,835,532, or 146%.
Revenue from product sales during the year ended December 31, 2023 increased by $4,260,663 or 161% compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, reflecting the growth in the number of customers of 39 in 2023 from 33 in 2022. Product sales during these periods include sales of our component product, carbon fiber velvet (“CFV”) thermal management solution, internal short circuit (“ISC”) battery cells and devices, patented TRS technology, and thermal fiber thermal interface (“FTI”) materials.
Revenue from contract services during the year ended December 31, 2023 increased by $1,574,869 or 117% compared to the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase in revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 is primarily due to growth in customers of 17 in 2023 from 14 in 2022. This work includes unique engineering design and testing projects customized for specific customers.
Our customers and prospective customers are large organizations with multiple levels of management, controls/procedures, and contract evaluation/authorization. Furthermore, our solutions are new and do not necessarily fit into pre-existing patterns of purchase commitments. Accordingly, the business activity cycle between expression of initial customer interest to shipping, acceptance and billing can be lengthy, unpredictable, and lumpy, which can influence the timing, consistency and reporting of sales growth.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue consisted of the cost of our products as well as labor and production overhead expenses directly related to product sales or research contract services.
Product mix plays an important part in our reported average margins for any period. Because we are introducing new products at an early stage in our development cycle and the margins earned can vary significantly between periods, customers, products and services due to the learning process, customer negotiating strengths, and product mix.
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, cost of revenues was $6,164,310 and $1,630,527, respectively, representing an increase of $4,533,783, or 278%. The increase was primarily due to the increased number of customers and revenue during 2023, and the resultant cost increases from additional headcount and materials, and depreciation of automation equipment placed in service during 2023. Additionally, there was a $0.3 million write down of our inventory to net realizable value. The gross margin percentage was 37% in 2023, compared with 59% in 2022.
The margin on product sales was 26% and 44% for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The margin on contract services was 63% and 89% for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company had depreciation expense for new automation equipment and increased costs related to finished goods manufactured internally. In addition, the Company recorded an inventory write down that represented 2% of the related revenue.
Research and Development
Research and development (“R&D”) includes expenses incurred in connection with the R&D of our CFV thermal management solution, high-areal-capacity battery electrodes, and 3D engineering for a rechargeable battery, including non-cash stock-based compensation expenses. Research and development expenses are charged to operations as incurred.
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, R&D expenses were $6,195,400 and $4,196,313, respectively, representing an increase of $1,999,087 or 48%. The increase is primarily comprised of $1,980,948 related to planned increases in headcount in order to build future capacity, amortization of prepaid cash consideration related to the Vibetech asset purchase agreement of $375,000, stock-based compensation for equity awards of $142,684 and rent expense of $79,831 for a new facility for R&D initiatives designed to build future revenue growth, partially offset by a reduction in outsourced R&D costs of $649,492.
We expect that our R&D expenses will increase as we expand our future operations.
Selling, General and Administrative
Selling, general and administrative expenses consisted primarily of stock-based compensation, marketing and advertising, salaries, payroll taxes and other benefits, Board compensation, accounting and tax, consulting fees, travel and entertainment, rent expense, office expenses, and legal and professional fees.
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, selling, general and administrative expenses were $19,882,402 and $16,453,776, respectively, an increase of $3,428,626, or 21%. The increase is primarily due to increases in labor costs of $1,564,020, depreciation and amortization expense of $1,512,509 due to expansion of our facility and equipment placed in service during 2023, consulting fees to build future revenue growth of $546,880, software license and utility fees of $350,689, and costs to attend conferences and seminars of $119,897, partially offset by a decrease in stock-based compensation of $814,965.
Other (Expense) Income
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, other expenses, net, were $1,281,610 and $1,150,497, respectively, representing an increase of $131,113 or 11%. The increase is primarily attributable to an increase in the amortization of debt discount
of $218,405 associated with the prepaid advance liability, and a $158,675 decline in PPP loan forgiveness, partially offset by a $217,454 decrease in a cash repayment premium recorded in satisfaction of a note payable in September 2022.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, we had cash balances of $1,194,764 and $10,333,563, respectively, and working capital (deficit) of $(2,994,753) and $6,055,477, respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, cash used in operating activities was $11,965,388 and $17,354,125, respectively. Our cash used in operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 was primarily attributable to our net loss of $23,693,556, adjusted for non-cash expenses in the aggregate amount of $6,841,828, as well as $4,886,340 of net cash generated by changes in the levels of operating assets and liabilities. Our cash used in operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily attributable to our net loss of $19,436,479, adjusted for non-cash expenses in the aggregate amount of $5,434,100, as well as $3,351,746 of net cash used to fund changes in the levels of operating assets and liabilities.
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, cash used in investing activities was $1,046,113 and $4,647,974, respectively. Cash used in investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2023 was related to deposits paid for purchases of property and equipment of $644,963, purchases of property and equipment of $266,150, and an acquisition of intangible assets of $135,000. Cash used in investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2022 was related to purchases of property and equipment of $2,682,970, deposits paid for purchases of property and equipment of $1,421,432 and acquisition of intangible assets of $543,572.
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, cash provided by financing activities was $3,872,702 and $17,472,361, respectively. Financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2023 consisted primarily of $3,227,702 for equity financing, net of issuance costs and the repurchase of common stock, $2,220,000 for debt financing, net of issuance costs and $1,575,000 for debt repayments. Financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 consisted primarily of $15,220,868 for debt financing, net of issuance costs, $3,074,293 for the exercise of warrants and stock options, $1,000,000 for debt repayments and $177,200 for equity financing.
As of December 31, 2023, future cash requirements for our current liabilities include $6,232,888 for accounts payable and accrued expenses, $1,609,200 for merchant cash advances, $1,323,963 for capital expenditures and $102,186 for future payments under operating leases. Future cash requirements for long-term liabilities include $250,000 for promissory notes. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to meet its obligations as they become due within the twelve months from the date these consolidated financial statements are issued.
Subsequent to December 31, 2023, the Company repaid in full the remaining balance of the prepaid advance liability, classified in the non-current liabilities section of our consolidated balance sheets. As of the filing date of this Form 10-K, there is no balance due on the prepaid advance. We intend to meet the rest of these cash requirements from our current cash balance, proceeds from the SEPA, proceeds from future financing activities and from future revenues, but the Company can provide no assurance that these initiatives will be successful.
Our primary source of liquidity has historically been cash generated from equity and debt offerings. Under ASC Subtopic 205-40, Presentation of Financial Statements-Going Concern (“ASC 205-40”), we have the responsibility to evaluate whether conditions and/or events raise substantial doubt about our ability to meet future financial obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. We have a history of recurring net losses, recurring use of cash in operations and declining working capital.
On December 20, 2023, we received a Stockholders’ Equity Notice stating we are not in compliance with Section 1003(a)(iii) of the Company Guide since we reported stockholders’ equity of $1,200,172 at September 30, 2023, and losses from continuing operations and/or net losses in our five most recent fiscal years. On February 12, 2024, we received a Letter from NYSE stating we are not in compliance with Section 1003(f)(v) of the Company guide since our securities were trading at an average of less than $0.20 per share for 30 days.
Subsequent to December 31, 2023, the Company issued 40,276,430 shares of common stock, at purchase prices per share ranging from $0.13 to $0.41, pursuant to Advance Notices submitted by the Company to Yorkville for aggregate proceeds of $8,326,457. Of the gross proceeds, $2,610,650 was retained by the Company to help fund operations. The remaining proceeds were applied against the remaining principal and accrued interest owed in connection with the Prepaid Advance Liability.
During the first quarter of 2024, the Company entered into two agreements whereby the Company received $1,007,100 of cash (net of underwriting fees of $72,900) with the obligation to repay a total of $1,609,200 over a total of thirty-two weekly payments. See Note 18 - Subsequent Events - Merchant Cash Advance Agreement for additional details.
On January 9, 2024, the Company announced that it had completed a reduction of its total workforce of approximately 15% in an effort to allocate its resources to key business priorities to focus on improving the profitability of commercial customer engagements.
On April 2, 2024, the Company received cash proceeds of $440,000 related to a Promissory Note comprised of an initial principal amount of $500,000 and discount of $60,000. The Promissory Note carries an annual interest rate of 0% and increases to 15% in the event of default, and shall be repaid in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest due on October 2, 2024, as defined by the terms of the agreement. See Note 18 - Subsequent Events - Promissory Notes for additional information.
On April 9, 2024, the Company received cash proceeds of $200,000 related to a Promissory Note which matures on the first anniversary of its issuance and carries an annual interest rate of 16%. In the event the promissory note is prepaid within 9 months of its issuance, the holder is entitled to the repayment of principal and cash payment of interest equal to 12% of the prepayment amount. See Note 18 - Subsequent Events - Promissory Notes for additional information.
Our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), which contemplate our continuation as a going concern and the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The carrying amounts of assets and liabilities presented in the consolidated financial statements do not necessarily purport to represent realizable or settlement values.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
There are no off-balance sheet arrangements between us and any other entity that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on financial conditions, changes in financial conditions, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to stockholders.
Critical Accounting Estimates
We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, which require our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet dates, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, our financial results will be affected. The accounting policies that reflect our more significant estimates and judgments and which we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results are described below.
We consider an accounting estimate to be critical if: (i) the accounting estimate requires us to make assumptions about matters that were highly uncertain at the time the accounting estimate was made, and (ii) changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur from period to period or use of different estimates that we reasonably could have used in the current period, would have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. There are items within our financial statements that require estimation but are not deemed critical, as defined above.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of our consolidated financial statements included within Item 8 of this Annual Report for a summary of recently issued and adopted accounting pronouncements.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are a smaller reporting company, as defined by Rule 229.10(f)(1) and are not required to provide the information required by this Item.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
See “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements” which appears on page of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e)) (the “Exchange Act”). Based on the foregoing evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of December 31, 2023, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on the Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) (2013 Framework). Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 was effective.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
During the fourth fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2023, we concluded that the preventative controls that we established around electronic payments (wires, EFT’s, ACH’s and credit card payments) were operating effectively and would enable proper segregation of duties, thus remediating our prior material weakness related to the electronic payment process.
Inherent Limitations of the Effectiveness of Controls
Management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, is based upon certain assumptions and can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that its objectives will be met. Further, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.
Attestation Report of Registered Public Accounting Firm
This Annual Report does not contain an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm related to internal control over financial reporting because the rules for smaller reporting companies with less than $100 million of revenue provide an exemption from the attestation requirement.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Executive Officers and Directors
Our executive officers and directors and their ages are as follows:
Name
Age
Office
Michael Mo
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
Shawn Canter
Chief Financial Officer
Dr. William Walker
Chief Technical Officer
Keith Cochran
President and Chief Operating Officer
Michael Carpenter
Vice President of Engineering
Dr. Joanna Massey
Lead Director
Morio Kurosaki
Director
The term of office for each director is one year, or until the next annual meeting of the stockholders.
Michael Mo was appointed CEO and Director of the Company on March 16, 2011, is a technology entrepreneur and successful investor with over 20 years of experience in technology management, product development and marketing. In 2013, he co-founded KULR and has been serving as its CEO since then. From 2007 to 2015, Mr. Mo served as Senior Director of Business Development at Amlogic, Inc., a California high-tech company. Mr. Mo received his Master of Science in Electrical Engineering from the University of California at Santa Barbara in 1995.
Shawn Canter was appointed as Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) effective as of March 31, 2023. Mr. Canter is a seasoned corporate executive and board member with over 25 years of experience leading teams in hands-on roles in both institutional and early/growth stage companies bringing solutions to complex situations. He gained significant financial and transactional experience as an executive in mergers and acquisitions (“M&A”) at Goldman Sachs and at Bank of America’s investment banking division where he also served as Chief Operating Officer of M&A. Mr. Canter will be responsible for financial management and driving a disciplined fiscal strategy while scaling the Company through its commercialization phase. Mr. Canter received a bachelor’s degree in economics and a master’s degree in organizational behavior from Stanford University, as well as a JD and an MBA from the University of Michigan.
Dr. William Walker was appointed Chief Technical Officer, effective November 1, 2022. Dr. Walker who originally joined the Company in March 2022 as Director of Engineering, has significant experience in professional and research related activities focused on thermo-electrochemical testing and analysis of lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery assemblies and related thermal management products designed for space exploration applications. Prior to joining the Company, from October 2021 to March 2022, Dr. Walker was a Research Scientist at Underwriters Laboratories Inc. since October of 2021. From June 2012 to October 2021, Dr. Walker was employed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Johnson Space Center (JSC) where he focused on designing battery assemblies for human spaceflight applications capable of safely mitigating the effects of thermal runaway and preventing cell-to-cell propagation. Dr. Walker was recognized with a NASA Trailblazer award and with the RNASA Stellar Award for early career contributions to Li-ion battery thermal analysis and calorimetry methods. Dr. Walker continues to be engaged in the academic and professional communities focused on battery safety. Dr. Walker received his B.S. in Mechanical Engineering at West Texas A&M University (WTAMU) and Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Houston (UH).
Keith Cochran was appointed President and Chief Operating Officer effective March 1, 2021. Mr. Cochran spent twenty-four years in various management roles at Jabil Greenpoint (NYSE: JBL) and most recently as Senior Vice President of its Global Business Unit in Singapore, where he led a smartphone technology division responsible for $3.7 billion in revenues. Mr. Cochran is based in the United States and has vast international experience working with partners in Singapore, India, Brazil, Mexico, China, France, Hungary and other countries. Mr. Cochran has a Bachelor of Science in Business Operations from Devry Institute of Technology.
Michael Carpenter serves as KULR’s Vice President of Engineering. Mr. Carpenter has been employed by ESLI since December 1983, serving as Director of the PCM Heatsink Group, Quality Manager, Facility Security Officer (FSO) in the Defense Industrial Security Program from 1988 to 1995. He also has been served as Safety Officer since he joined ESLI in 1983. Mr. Carpenter received his B.S. in Applied Mechanics from the University of California, San Diego in 1983.
Non-Executive Directors
Joanna Massey serves as a member of the Company’s board of directors since June 7, 2021 and was appointed Lead Director on November 1, 2022. Dr. Massey is a public company Board Director and former Fortune 500 C-level communications executive. She helps companies expand market share and appeal to institutional investors by advising them on corporate governance, managing change, and navigating risk around environmental and social issues. In her board roles for public and private companies, Dr. Massey serves as Chair of Nominations & Governance, and she sits on the Audit, Compensation and M&A Committees. Dr. Massey has a PhD in psychology and 30 years of experience advising Chairmen and CEOs. She spent her operating career in the media and digital technology industries strategizing on global brand reputation management as Head of Communications at Condé Nast Entertainment and Senior Vice President of Corporate Communications at Lions Gate Entertainment (NYSE: LGF.A; LGF.B) and at The Hub Network, a joint venture between Discovery, Inc. (Nasdaq: WBD) and Hasbro, Inc. (Nasdaq: HAS). She also held Senior Vice President positions in communications and media relations at CBS Corporation and Viacom, Inc., now Paramount Global (Nasdaq: PARA). As a corporate communications executive, Dr. Massey managed integration during major M&A transactions at Lionsgate, CBS, and Discovery; corporate turnaround as Condé Nast pivoted from print to video; and crisis communications with consumers, employees, investors, regulators, and politicians. She is based in the United States and has international experience working with partners in Europe, the UK, China and India.
Morio Kurosaki serves as a member of the Company’s board of directors since June 7, 2021. Mr. Kurosaki founded IT-Farm Corporation (“IT-Farm”), a Japanese venture capital firm, in 1999. Mr. Kurosaki has been the President of IT-Farm since the company’s inception. Mr. Kurosaki has led early investments in notable companies such as Zoom Video Communications (Nasdaq: ZM); ContextLogic (Nasdaq: WISH); Treasure Data, acquired by ARM Holdings (Nasdaq: NVDA); Tubi, acquired by Fox Corporation (Nasdaq: FOX); Red Hot Labs, acquired by Google (Nasdaq: GOOGL); lvl5, acquired by DoorDash (NYSE: DASH); Accel Technology, acquired by Marvell Technology Group (Nasdaq: MRVL), and Extreme DA, acquired by Synopsis (Nasdaq: SNPS). Mr. Kurosaki has also served as Asia-Pacific advisory member of ARM Holdings, acquired by SoftBank Group Corporation (OTCMKTS: SFTBY). Mr. Kurosaki started his business career at Intel Japan, thereafter, joining Western Digital Corporation (Nasdaq: WDC) as one of the earliest members of WDC’s Japanese division.
Board Composition
The Company’s directors are elected at the annual meeting of shareholders to hold office until the annual meeting of shareholders for the ensuing year or until their successors have been duly elected and qualified. Officers are elected annually by the board of directors and serve at the discretion of the board.
Our board currently consists of three directors, Michael Mo, Morio Kurosaki, and Joanna Massey. Mr. Kurosaki and Dr. Joanna Massey are “independent” as defined under the NYSE American rules (as discussed below).
Family Relationships
There are no family relationships between any director and executive officer.
Director Independence
Our board of directors has determined that Morio Kurosaki and Dr. Joanna Massey are “independent,” as defined under the NYSE American rules. For purposes of the NYSE American rules, an independent director means a person other than an executive officer or employee of our company or any other individual having a relationship which, in the opinion of our board of directors, would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director, subject to certain additional limitations.
Committees of the Board of Directors
Our board of directors has established an audit committee, a compensation committee, and a nominating and corporate governance committee. The composition and responsibilities of each of the committees of our board of directors are described below. Members serve on these committees until their resignation or until otherwise determined by our board of directors. Our board of directors may establish other committees as it deems necessary or appropriate from time to time.
Audit Committee
The members of our Audit Committee are Morio Kurosaki and Dr. Joanna Massey, with Mr. Kurosaki serving as the Chairperson. Each of Morio Kurosaki and Dr. Joanna Massey, is independent under the rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing
standards of the NYSE American applicable to audit committee members. Our board of directors has determined that each of Morio Kurosaki and Dr. Joanna Massey qualify as an audit committee financial expert within the meaning of SEC regulations and meet the financial sophistication requirements of the NYSE American.
Our Audit Committee has the responsibility for, among other things, (i) selecting, retaining and overseeing our independent registered public accounting firm, (ii) obtaining and reviewing a report by independent auditors that describe the accounting firm’s internal quality control, and any materials issues or relationships that may impact the auditors, (iii) reviewing and discussing with the independent auditors standards and responsibilities, strategy, scope and timing of audits, any significant risks, and results, (iv) ensuring the integrity of the Company’s financial statements, (v) reviewing and discussing with the Company’s independent auditors any other matters required to be discussed by PCAOB Auditing Standard No. 1301, (vi) reviewing, approving and overseeing any transaction between the Company and any related person and any other potential conflict of interest situations, (vii) overseeing the Company’s internal audit department, (viii) reviewing, approving and overseeing related party transactions, and (ix) establishing and overseeing procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by the Company regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters and the confidential, anonymous submission by Company employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters.
Compensation Committee
The members of our Compensation Committee are Morio Kurosaki and Dr. Joanna Massey, with Mr. Kurosaki and Dr. Massey serving as Co-Chairpersons. Our Compensation Committee has the responsibility for, among other things, (i) reviewing and approving the chief executive officer’s compensation based on an evaluation in light of corporate goals and objectives, (ii) reviewing and recommending to the Board the compensation of all other executive officers, (iii) reviewing and recommending to the Board incentive compensation plans and equity plans, (iv) reviewing and discussing with management the Company’s Compensation Discussion and Analysis and related information to be included in the annual report on Form 10-K and proxy statements, and (v) reviewing and recommending to the Board for approval procedures relating to Say on Pay Votes.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
The members of our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are Morio Kurosaki and Dr. Joanna Massey, with Dr. Massey serving as the Chairperson. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee has the responsibility relating to assisting the Board in, among other things, (i) identifying and screening individuals qualified to become members of our board of directors, consistent with criteria approved by our board of directors, (ii) recommending to the Board the approval of nominees for director, (ii) developing and recommending to our board of directors a set of corporate governance guidelines, and (iv) overseeing the evaluation of our board of director.
Code of Ethics
Our board of directors has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code”). The Code applies to all of our directors, officers and employees. We have made the Code available on our website https://www.kulrtechnology.com/governance-documents/. We intend to disclose future amendments to, or waivers of, our Code, as and to the extent required by SEC regulations, at the same location on our website identified above or in public filings.
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
Our directors, executive officers and control persons have not been involved in any of the following events during the past five years:
● any bankruptcy petition filed by or against any business of which such person was a general partner or executive officer either at the time of the bankruptcy or within two years prior to that time;
● any conviction in a criminal proceeding or being subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses);
● being subject to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting his involvement in any type of business, securities or banking activities; or
● being found by a court of competent jurisdiction (in a civil action), the SEC or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or vacated.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Compliance
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our directors and executive officers and persons who own more than 10% of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock to file reports of initial ownership of common stock and other equity securities and subsequent changes in that ownership with the SEC. Officers, directors and greater than ten percent stockholders are required by SEC regulation to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file. To our knowledge, during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, our officers, directors and greater than 10% beneficial owners have complied with all applicable filing requirements of Section 16(a), except that a Form 4 for Timothy Ray Knowles was filed late, resulting in the late disclosure of one transaction in his spouse’s shares over which Mr. Knowles does not have direct voting or dispositive control.
Nomination Process
As of December 31, 2023, we did not affect any material changes to the procedures by which stockholders may recommend nominees to the Board of Directors. We do not have any defined policy or procedure requirements for stockholders to submit recommendations or nominations for directors. The Board of Directors believes that, given the current stage of our development, a specific nominating policy would be premature and of little assistance until our operations develop to a more advanced level. We do not currently have any specific or minimum criteria for the election of nominees to the Board of Directors and there is no specific process or procedure for evaluating such nominees. The Board of Directors assesses all candidates, whether submitted by management or stockholders, and makes recommendations for election or appointment.
A stockholder who wishes to communicate with the Board of Directors may do so by directing a written request addressed to our Chief Executive Officer at the address appearing on the face page of this annual report.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Summary Compensation Table
The following Summary Compensation Table sets forth all compensation earned in all capacities during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 by (i) our principal executive officer, (ii) our two most highly compensated executive officers, other than our principal executive officer, who were serving as executive officers as of December 31, 2023 and whose total compensation for the 2023 fiscal year, as determined by Regulation S-K, Item 402, exceeded $100,000, (iii) a person who would have been included as one of our two most highly compensated executive officers, other than our principal executive officer, but for the fact that he was not serving as one of our executive officers as of December 31, 2023 (the individuals falling within categories (i), (ii) and (iii) are collectively referred to as the “Named Executive Officers”):
Stock
Option
Total
Name and Principal Position
Year
Salary
Bonus
Awards
Awards
Earned
Michael Mo
$
333,649
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
333,649
Chief Executive Officer
$
306,159
$
-
$
1,443,000
$
-
$
1,749,159
(1)
Shawn Canter
$
188,369
$
-
$
1,380,000
$
-
$
1,568,369
(2)
Chief Financial Officer
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
William Walker
$
223,703
$
-
$
266,000
$
-
$
489,703
(3)
Chief Technology Officer
$
151,250
$
12,000
$
309,000
$
-
$
472,250
(4)
(1)
Includes the incremental value of an equity modification for 1,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock previously deemed to be earned upon achieving market capitalization milestones up to $4 billion, which will now vest in four equal increments over four years.
(2)
Includes cash compensation earned from date of hire March 31, 2023 through December 31, 2023. Also includes 1,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock which vest in five equal increments over five years.
(3)
Includes 350,000 shares of the Company’s common stock which vest in four equal increments over four years.
(4)
Includes cash compensation earned from date of hire March 16, 2022 through December 31, 2022. Also includes 150,000 shares of the Company’s common stock which vest in four equal increments over four years.
Employment Contracts; Termination of Employment and Change-in-Control Arrangements
We have not entered into employment agreements with our officers and directors and our Board of Directors has the sole discretion to pay salaries and incentive bonuses, including merit-based cash and equity bonuses.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Board, at the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, approved the following compensation for each of the following officers of the Company:
● On February 2, 2023, the Board approved the appointment of Shawn Canter as the Chief Financial Officer. In connection with his appointment, the Board authorized an annual salary of $250,000 and granted Mr. Canter 1,500,000 shares of the company’s common stock, which shall vest in five equal annual installments.
● On July 12, 2023, the Board granted Dr. William Walker 350,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, which shall vest in four equal annual installments.
Equity Compensation Plans
On August 15 and November 5, 2018, the Board of Directors and a majority of the Company’s shareholders, respectively, approved the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”). Under the 2018 Plan, 15,000,000 shares of common stock of the Company are authorized for issuance. The 2018 Plan provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, rights to purchase common stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, and restricted stock units to employees, directors and consultants of the Company and its affiliates. The 2018 Plan requires the exercise price of stock options to be not less than the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.
Compensation of Directors
On November 1, 2022, the Board of the Company appointed a Lead Independent Director (“Lead Director”) and a non-Lead Independent Director (“non-Lead Director”) of the Board, to hold office until the earlier of the expiration of the term of office of the director whom they have replaced, successors are duly elected and qualified, or the earlier of such director’s death, resignation,
disqualification, or removal. Furthermore, the Lead Director will receive annual cash compensation equal to $150,000 upon their appointment and the non-Lead Independent Director (“non-Lead Director”) will receive annual cash compensation equal to $95,000. Additionally, all independent Board members were granted 37,500 shares of common stock, which shares vested quarterly in 7,500 share installments and were fully vested as of December 31, 2023.
Compensation Recovery Policy
We have adopted a compensation recovery policy, effective as of November 29, 2023, that complies with the new SEC rules under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Clawback Policy”). Subject to the terms of the Clawback Policy, the Clawback Policy requires us to recover certain cash or equity-based incentive compensation payments or awards made or granted to an executive officer in the event we are required to prepare an accounting restatement due to our material noncompliance with any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws, including any required accounting restatement to correct an error in previously issued financial statements that is material to the previously issued financial statements, or that would result in a material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period. See Exhibit 97 which includes our full Clawback Policy.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End
The following table discloses information regarding outstanding equity awards granted or accrued as of December 31, 2023, for our named executive officers.
Outstanding Equity Awards
Stock Awards
Number of Shares or Units of
Market Value of Units of
Stock that have not vested
Stock that have not vested
Name
(#)
($)
Michael Mo (Chief Executive Officer)
1,125,000
$
213,750
Shawn Canter (Chief Financial Officer)
1,500,000
285,000
Dr. William Walker (Chief Technology Officer)
450,000
85,500

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The following table provides the names and addresses of each person known to us who own more than 5% of the outstanding common stock as of the date of this annual report, and by our officers and directors as of April 9, 2024. Except as otherwise indicated, all shares are owned directly. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each of the persons shown is c/o KULR Technology Group, Inc., 4863 Shawline Street, San Diego, CA 92111. Each record holder of Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock shall have that number of votes (identical in every other respect to the voting rights of the holders of Common Stock entitled to vote at any regular or special meeting of the shareholders or by written consent) equal to one hundred (100) votes per share of Non-convertible Series A Voting Preferred Stock held by such record holder.
Amount of
Beneficial
Percentage
Vote With
Name of Beneficial Owner
Ownership
Ownership (1)
Series A
Michael Mo (2) - CEO and Chairman
21,155,110
12.27
%
38.36
%
Shawn Canter (3) - CFO
300,000
*
Dr. William Walker (4) - CTO
50,000
*
Keith Cochran (5) - President and COO
500,000
*
Michael Carpenter - VP of Engineering
500,000
*
Morio Kurosaki (6) - Director
557,500
*
Dr. Joanna Massey (7) - Director
67,500
*
All directors and executive officers as a group (7 persons)
23,130,110
13.64
%
39.16
%
Beneficial owners of more than 5%
Dr. Timothy Knowles (8) - Former Director, Executive Technical Fellow and Secretary
14,938,387
8.66
%
6.09
%
* Less than 1%
(1)
The percent of class is based on 172,469,307 shares outstanding and entitled to vote, as of April 9, 2024, which excludes 131,162 treasury shares and 465,000 outstanding shares that are not vested and are not entitled to vote.
(2)
Consists of 19,755,110 shares held directly by Mr. Mo and 1,400,000 shares held jointly by Mr. Mo and his spouse, Linda Mo, and excludes shares held by Mr. Mo’s son Alexander Mo and shares held by Mr. Mo’s son Brandon Mo, over which shares Mr. Mo disclaims beneficial ownership, as Mr. Mo has no control over the dispositive or voting power over the shares and his sons no longer live in the same household as Mr. Mo. Does not include a restricted stock award of 1,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock that does not vest within 60 days of April 9, 2024.
(3)
Does not include a restricted stock award of 1,200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock that does not vest or settle within 60 days of April 9, 2024.
(4)
Does not include 450,000 restricted stock grants that do not vest within 60 days of April 9, 2024.
(5)
Does not include a restricted stock award of 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock that does not vest within 60 days of April 9, 2024.
(6)
Consists of 20,000 vested shares of common stock granted by the Company, on June 7, 2021, the effective date of Mr. Kurosaki’s appointment as a director of the Company, 37,500 vested shares of common stock granted by the Company on November 1, 2022, 400,000 shares of common stock acquired prior to being appointed director, and 100,000 shares held by IT-Farm Corporation, a Japanese venture and capital firm, of which Mr. Kurosaki is the founder and President.
(7)
Consists of 20,000 vested shares of common stock granted by the Company, on June 7, 2021, the effective date of Dr. Massey’s appointment as a director of the Company, 37,500 vested shares granted by the Company on November 1, 2022, and 10,000 shares of common stock acquired in open market purchases.
(8)
Consists of 14,268,027 shares held directly by Mr. Knowles, 670,360 shares held by Mr. Knowles’ wife, Marianne Knight who maintains all voting and dispositive control over shares she owns, and excludes 1,500,000 shares held by Mr. Knowles’ daughter, Sonja Irene Knowles, over which shares Mr. Knowles disclaims beneficial ownership, as Mr. Knowles has no control over the dispositive or voting power over the shares and his daughter no longer lives in the same household as Mr. Knowles.
Change in Control
We are not aware of any arrangement that might result in a change in control of the Company.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Other than as set forth below and compensation arrangements, including employment, and indemnification arrangements, discussed, there have been no transactions since January 1, 2022, in which the amount involved in the transaction exceeded or will exceed the lesser of $120,000 or one percent of the average of our total assets as at the year-end for the last two completed fiscal years, and to which any of our directors, executive officers or beneficial holders of more than 5% of our capital stock, or any immediate family member of, or person sharing the household with, any of these individuals, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
Other Transactions
None.
Director Independence
The Board evaluates the independence of each nominee for election as a director of our Company in accordance with the NYSE American rules. Pursuant to these rules, a majority of our Board must be “independent directors” within the meaning of the NYSE American Rules, and all directors who sit on our Audit Committee, Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and Compensation Committee must also be independent directors.
Our board of directors has determined that Morio Kurosaki and Dr. Joanna Massey are “independent,” as defined under the NYSE American rules. For purposes of the NYSE American rules, an independent director means a person other than an executive officer or employee of our company or any other individual having a relationship which, in the opinion of our board of directors, would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director, subject to certain additional limitations.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The following is a summary of the fees billed or expected to be billed to us by Marcum LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm for professional services rendered with respect to the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:
For the Fiscal Year Ended
December 31,
Audit Fees
$
339,025
$
208,060
Tax Fees
-
-
Total
$
339,025
$
208,060
Audit Fees
Audit fees consist of fees billed for services rendered by Marcum LLP during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 for the annual audit and quarterly reviews of our financial statements, as well as registration statements and comfort letters.
Tax Fees
Tax fees consist of fees billed for services rendered by our independent auditors during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 in connection with the preparation and filing of our income tax returns.
Pre-Approval Policies
Our Audit Committee has adopted a policy governing the pre-approval by the Board of Directors of all services, audit and non-audit, to be provided to our Company by our independent auditors. Under the policy, the Audit Committee has pre-approved the provision by our independent auditors of specific audit, audit related, tax and other non-audit services as being consistent with auditor independence. Requests or applications to provide services that require the specific pre-approval of the board of directors must be submitted to the Audit Committee by the independent auditors, and the independent auditors must advise the Audit Committee as to whether, in the independent auditor’s view, the request or application is consistent with the SEC’s rules on auditor independence.
The Audit Committee has considered the nature and amount of the fees billed by Marcum and believes that the provision of the services for activities unrelated to the audit is compatible with maintaining the independence of Marcum.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Exhibit
No.
Description
2.1
Share Exchange Agreement, dated June 8, 2017 (1)
3.1
Articles of Incorporation of the Company (2)
3.2
Bylaws of the Company (2)
3.3
Certificate of Incorporation of KULR Technology Corporation (3)
3.4
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of KULR Technology Corporation (3)
3.5
By-laws of KULR Technology Corporation (3)
3.6
Certificate of Designation of Series A Voting Preferred Stock, filed on June 6, 2017 (1)
3.7
Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation, effective August 30, 2018 (8)
3.8
Certificate of Designation of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, filed on December 6, 2018 (9)
3.9
Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation, effective December 31, 2018 (10)
3.10
Certificate of Designation of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, filed on August 19, 2019 (11)
3.11
Form of Certificate of Designation for Series D Convertible Preferred Stock (20)
4.1
Description of registrant’s securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934*
10.1
License and Development Agreement, dated April 15, 2013 (3)
10.2
Consulting Agreement, dated April 15, 2013 (3)
10.3
Letter of Intent by and between the Company and E3 Enterprise, dated April 20, 2016 (4)
10.4
Letter of Intent by and between the Company and KULR Technology Corporation (5)
10.5
Patent Assignment Agreement, dated November 10, 2016 (3)
10.6
Promissory Note issued by KULR Technology Corporation, dated March 31, 2017 (6)
10.7
Promissory Note issued by KULR Technology Corporation, dated June 8, 2017 (1)
10.8
Consulting Agreement, dated March 15, 2018 (7)
10.9
2018 KULR Technology Group Equity Incentive Plan (12)
10.10
Securities Purchase Agreement dated April 2, 2019 (13)
10.11
Subscription Agreement, as supplemented, for Common Stock Offering (14)
10.12
Rescission and Termination Agreement dated July 5, 2019 (15)
10.13
Form of Subscription Agreement (16)
10.14
Form of Warrant (16)
10.15
Standby Equity Distribution Agreement dated February 27, 2020 (17)
10.16
Note Purchase Agreement dated February 27, 2020 (17)
10.17
Promissory Note dated February 27, 2020 (17)
10.18
Note Purchase Agreement dated July 20, 2020 (18)
10.19
Promissory Note dated July 20, 2020 (18)
10.20
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement (19)
10.21
Form of Warrant (19)
10.22
Co-Placement Agency Agreement (19)
10.23
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated May 19. 2021 (20)
10.24
Form of Warrant (20)
10.25
Standby Equity Purchase Agreement, dated May 13, 2022, by and between KULR Technology Group, Inc. and YA II PN, Ltd. (21)
10.26
Note Purchase Agreement, dated May 13, 2022, by and between KULR Technology Group, Inc. and YA II PN, Ltd. (21)
10.27
Promissory Note, dated May 13, 2022 (21)
10.28
Amendment, dated June 3, 2022, to the Standby Equity Purchase Agreement by and between KULR Technology Group, Inc. and YA II PN, Ltd. (22)
10.29
Supplemental Agreement dated as of September 23, 2022 to the Standby Equity Purchase Agreement dated as of May 16, 2022 between KULR Technology Group, Inc. and YA II PN, LTD. (23)
10.30
Asset Purchase Agreement, effective as of October 6, 2022, by and among KULR Technology Group, Inc., Vibetech International, LLC, and Norman Serrano (24)
10.31
Underwriting Agreement dated December 20, 2023 by and between KULR Technology Group, Inc. and R.F. Lafferty & Co., Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 13, 2023)
10.32
Letter Agreement dated August 16, 2023, by and among KULR Technology Group, Inc., YA II PN, LTD, and Yorkville Advisors Global, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 16, 2023)
10.33
Amendment Letter Agreement dated August 22, 2023, by and among KULR Technology Group, Inc., YA II PN, LTD, and Yorkville Advisors Global, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 22, 2023)
10.34
Amendment Letter Agreement dated August 30, 2023, by and among KULR Technology Group, Inc., YA II PN, LTD, and Yorkville Advisors Global, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 30, 2023)
10.35
Amendment Letter Agreement dated December 19, 2023, by and among KULR Technology Group, Inc., YA II PN, LTD, and Yorkville Advisors Global, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 19, 2023)
10.36
Amendment Letter Agreement dated January 9, 2024, by and among KULR Technology Group, Inc., YA II PN, LTD, and Yorkville Advisors Global, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 9, 2024)
10.37
Amendment Letter Agreement dated February 13, 2024, by and among KULR Technology Group, Inc., YA II PN, LTD, and Yorkville Advisors Global, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 13, 2024)
21.1
List of Subsidiaries (3)
23.1*
Consent of Marcum LLP*
31.1*
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1**
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
97*
Clawback Policy, effective November 29, 2023
101.INS
Inline XBRL Instance*
101.SCH
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema*
101.CAL
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation*
101.DEF
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition*
101.LAB
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels*
101.PRE
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation*
Cover Page Interactive Data File (Embedded within the Inline XBRL document and included in Exhibit)*
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
(1)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on June 12, 2017 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(2)
Previously filed as an exhibit on Form 10-12G on January 7, 2016 (File No.: 000-55564) and incorporated herein by this reference.
(3)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on June 19, 2017 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(4)
Previously filed on Form S-1 on June 28, 2016 (File No.: 333-212272) and incorporated herein by this reference.
(5)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on November 3, 2016 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(6)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on April 5, 2017 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(7)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on March 15, 2018 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(8)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on August 30, 2018 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(9)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on December 6, 2018 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(10)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on January 7, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(11)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on August 23, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(12)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form S-8 on October 9, 2018 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(13)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on April 3, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(14)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 10-Q on May 14, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(15)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on July 5, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(16)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on December 5, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(17)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on March 4, 2020 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(18)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on July 21, 2020 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(19)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on December 31, 2020 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(20)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on May 20, 2021 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(21)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on May 16, 2022 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(22)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on June 3, 2022 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(23)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on September 23, 2022 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(24)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on October 6, 2022 and incorporated herein by this reference.