EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1662684
Filing Year: 2021
Filename: 1662684_10-K_2021_0001104659-21-038941.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Overview
KULR Technology Group, Inc., through our wholly-owned subsidiary KULR Technology Corporation, develops and commercializes high-performance thermal management technologies for batteries, electronics, and other components across an array of battery-powered applications. For aerospace and Department of Defense (“DOD”) applications, our solutions target high performance applications in direct energy, hypersonic vehicles and satellite communications. For commercial applications, our main focus is a total solution to battery safety and sustainability by which we aim to mitigate the effects of thermal runaway propagation which has been known to cause random fires in lithium-ion (“Li-ion”) batteries. This total battery safety solution can be used for electric vehicles, energy storage, battery recycling transportation, cloud computing and 5G communication devices. Our proprietary core technology is a carbon fiber material that provides what we believe to be superior thermal conductivity and heat dissipation for an ultra-lightweight and pliable material. By leveraging our proprietary cooling solutions that have been developed through longstanding partnerships with advanced technology users like NASA, the Jet Propulsion Lab and others, our products and services make commercial battery powered products safer and electronics systems cooler and lighter.
KULR’s business model continues to evolve from being a component supplier, to providing more design and testing services to our customers. The next step of evolution is to provide total system solutions to address market needs. In order to scale up as a systems provider more quickly and efficiently in (i) the Li-ion battery energy storage and recycling markets, (ii) battery cell design and safety testing, and (iii) advanced thermal management systems, such as hypersonic vehicles, KULR will actively seek partners for joint venture, technology licensing and other strategic partnership models. The goal is to leverage the Company’s thermal design technology expertise to create market leading products, which KULR will take to market directly to capture more value for KULR shareholders.
Battery safety technology is becoming increasingly vital to our world in which battery-operated devices are everywhere. Li-ion batteries are widely used in consumer electronics, aerospace, marine and automotive applications. In recent months, KULR has developed a total battery safety solution for its customers that spans a wide array of industries and applications. KULR has seen great success in using our patented thermal runaway shield (“TRS”) technology to prevent cell to cell thermal runaway propagation as well as module to module propagation. We have designed a total solution for customers from the design stages incorporating our materials all the way to testing their passive propagation resistant (“PPR”) battery packs. We are flexible and can work with different battery pack configurations across various industries. We developed a PPR reference design for CubeSat battery in December 2019. Based on this reference design platform, we were awarded a dual-use technology development agreement from NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center to build 3D printed battery systems for manned and robotic space applications in August 2020. Our research and testing, as well as working alongside battery experts at NASA Johnson Space Center, has positioned us for further advancements at the forefront of battery safety.
Hundreds of millions of Li-ion cells are produced and transported annually and even those packaged to prevent external shorting can still experience thermal runaway (“TR”) due to internal shorts, caused by latent defects, when fully charged. In these dangerous cases, a torch-like fire is released as energy escapes from the cell and sends nearby cells into TR resulting in a large fire. As part of our total battery safety solution, we have designed a bag out of our TRS material to suppress the flames and prevent the TR event. Suitably placed, the TRS provides a means of protection not only from adjacent batteries but also outside fires of arbitrary origin. Experts at NASA’s Propulsion & Power Division found our TRS successful at extinguishing the fire generated by cells when they intentionally triggered the batteries into dangerous failures. Our TRS bag is currently being used on the International Space Station (“ISS”) through a project with Leidos, for storing laptop batteries in order to reduce the risk of TR.
Another key element of our battery safety solution is KULR internal short circuit (“ISC”) device and trigger cells which are used for cell testing and screening. Our patented ISC device, licensed from NASA/NREL, can be inserted by OEMs or manufacturers into cells to mimic failure conditions in a cell. Once the trigger device is placed inside the cell, it can be intentionally triggered on demand causing the cell to short circuit. Currently, we provide ISC devices to OEMs and cell manufacturers, as well as ready-made ISC trigger cells to customers to identify failure modes and safety issues within their systems. Currently we are creating an ecosystem based on our technology which can be applied to different battery architectures and chemistries.
Our management believes that within commercial markets, aerospace and defense, and high-value applications, cell safety testing and screening has become a topic of focus. Therefore, we plan to expand our capabilities to include full battery analysis and testing as outlined by NASA Johnson Space Center. We plan to fully incorporate this into our holistic approach to battery safety along with our PPR battery pack design and testing services, ISC device and trigger cell products and TRS bags. With increasing regulations and pressure from government bodies to mitigate the dangers of battery fires and TR, we plan to further develop our capabilities in this arena.
Our management expects high growth in the aerospace and defense sectors, specifically in regards to hypersonic vehicle programs, space missions and directed energy programs. Thermal management is a critical component of both hypersonic weapons programs and space missions. Our carbon fiber solutions are used for thermal management in missile defense programs and are particularly effective because of their survivability at very high temperatures. They are also very effective at transferring heat and mitigate the risk of overheating in such high-risk environments. Historically we have provided value to this sector and we expect to further develop our relationships with the Airforce Research Lab, the Naval Research Lab and prime contractors to market our solutions. Directed energy is currently in the spotlight as experts predict it will greatly impact the future of national security. Our CRUX cathode generates powerful electron pulses by field emission from the tops of our carbon fiber coating and has the potential to further develop the current technology.
In addition to evolving demands led by aerospace and defense, we have observed trending manufacturer-led opportunities in industries such as electric motor vehicles (“EV”) that have become increasingly more reliant on the Cloud, portability and high-demand processing power. KULR’s high performance thermal interface materials can be used to accelerate 5G communications development due to our material’s core properties: high thermal conductivity, light weight, and low contact pressure. 5G is one of the biggest opportunities going forward for transportation technology and we plan to take part in testing of digital and RF tests for 5G. Testing is still in early phases for both digital and RF communication chips, however, we are seeing a big growth opportunity for thermal management for 5G. Cloud computing is also an application of interest since high power communications chips and optical communication modules require cooling.
We have not yet achieved profitability and expect to continue to incur cash outflows from operations, as a result, we will eventually need to generate significant revenues to achieve profitability. Until that time we shall have to continue to raise cash as and when required through the sale of stock.
Corporate
KULR was incorporated in the State of Delaware in December 2015 and was formerly known as “KT High-Tech Marketing, Inc.” and, prior to that, as “Grant Hill Acquisition Corporation.” In April 2016, KULR implemented a change of control by issuing shares to new shareholders, redeeming shares of existing shareholders, electing new officers and directors and accepting the resignations of its then existing officers and directors.
Our wholly-owned subsidiary, KULR Technology Corp, was formed in 2013 and is based in San Diego California. Since its inception, KTC primarily focused on developing and commercializing its thermal management technologies, which it acquired through assignment from and license with KTC’s co-founder Dr. Timothy Knowles. Prior to 2013, KTC’s technologies were used in numerous advanced space and industrial applications for NASA, Boeing, and Raytheon. A few notable achievements were the use of KTC’s technologies in the X-31 aircraft (battery heat sink), Mercury Messenger (battery heat sink), and X-51 Scramjet (heat exchanger).
On June 19, 2017, KULR closed a share exchange with KTC and 100% of the shareholders of KTC (the “KTC Shareholders”) whereby the KTC Shareholders agreed to transfer an aggregate of 25,000,000 shares of KTC’s common stock to KULR in exchange for the issuance of an aggregate of 50,000,000 shares of KULR’s common stock to the KTC Shareholders (the “Share Exchange”), resulting in KTC becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of KULR and KTC’s business of developing and commercializing its thermal management technologies becoming KULR’s main operation.
The Share Exchange was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, with KTC being treated as the acquiring company for accounting purposes. Accordingly, the financial statements included in this Annual Report reflect the assets, liabilities and historical results of KTC prior to the completion of the Share Exchange.
On August 30, 2018, KULR changed its name from “KT High-Tech Marketing, Inc.” to “KULR Technology Group, Inc.” by filing a certificate of amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.
On December 4, 2018, KULR filed a definitive Information Statement on Form 14C (the “December Information Statement”), giving notice to KULR’s shareholders that on November 5, 2018, KUTG executed a written consent in lieu of shareholder meeting authorizing KULR to: (i) amend KULR’s Articles of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from 100,000,000 shares of common stock to 500,000,000 shares of common stock; (ii) adopt and ratify the KULR Technology Group 2018 Equity Incentive Plan and (iii) ratify the authorization of the issuance of 1,000,000 shares (the “Voting Preferred Shares”) of Series A Voting Preferred Stock to Michael Mo, KULR’s Chief Executive Officer. On December 28, 2018, twenty (20) days after the mailing date of the December Information Statement, KUTG was deemed authorized by ratifying vote of its majority shareholders and the authorization granted by its Board of Directors to issue the Voting Preferred Shares, which KULR has not but expects to do in the near future. On December 31, 2018, KULR filed a certificate of amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, to increase the number of authorized shares of its common stock from 100,000,000 to 500,000,000. As a result, the aggregate number of the Company’s authorized capital stock became 520,000,000 shares.
Recent Developments
COVID-19
In January 2020, an outbreak of a new strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, was identified in Wuhan, China. Through the first quarter of 2020, the disease became widespread around the world, and on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic. Our business is dependent on developing new markets and new products to be used on a global basis, thus restrictions on travel could lead to reduced demand for our products and interruptions to supply chains. Also, the local regulations such as “Shelter in Place” will affect our ability to maintain regular R&D and manufacturing schedules as well as the capability to meet customer demands in a timely manner. Given the uncertainty around the extent and timing of the potential future spread or mitigation of the Coronavirus and around the imposition or relaxation of protective measures, we cannot reasonably estimate the impact to our future results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.
Standby Equity Distribution Agreement and Notes Payable
On February 27, 2020, we entered into a Standby Equity Distribution Agreement (“SEDA”) with YAII PN, Ltd., a Cayman Island exempt limited partnership (“YAII”). Under the terms of this Agreement, the Company raised an aggregate of $2,292,695 from the facility. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had approximately $5,707,000 available in connection with the SEDA, however, so long as warrants issued on December 31, 2020 in an unrelated transaction remain outstanding, the Company may not issue shares in connection with variable rate transactions. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company issued notes to YAII in the aggregate amount of $4,000,000, of which the Company repaid principal on the notes in the aggregate amount of $1,550,000 ($791,000 was repaid from proceeds from the SEDA). Subsequent to December 31, 2020, the Company repaid principal on the notes in the aggregate amount of $1,050,000.
Registered Direct Offering
On December 31, 2020, we closed a registered direct offering conducted pursuant to a securities purchase agreement (“Purchase Agreement”) with the purchasers set forth on the signature page thereto (the “Purchasers”) for the purchase and sale of an aggregate of 6,400,001 shares of our common stock (the “Shares”), and warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 6,400,001 shares of common stock (“Warrants”), at a combined purchase price of $1.25 per Share and Warrant. The aggregate gross proceeds to us were equal to approximately $8 million. The Warrants are immediately exercisable and may be exercised at any time until December 31, 2025, at an exercise price of $1.25 per share. Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC and Maxim Group LLC acted as co-placement agents in connection with the registered direct offering. We paid the co-placement agents a cash fee of 7.0% of the gross proceeds we received under the Purchase Agreement. We also reimbursed the co-placement agents for certain out-of-pocket accountable expenses incurred by them in connection with this offering of $50,000. We paid total approximate offering expenses, other than the placement agent fees, of approximately $170,000, which includes the co-placement agents’ reimbursable expenses, legal, financial advisory fees, accounting, printing costs, listing fees, and various other expenses associated with registering and issuing the shares. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for capital expenditures, as well as for working capital and general corporate purposes.
The Shares and Warrants (and underlying shares) were offered, and will be issued, pursuant to the Prospectus Supplement, dated December 29, 2020, to the Prospectus included in our Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333- 232614) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 11, 2019 and declared effective on August 1, 2019.
Appointment of Keith Cochran
On March 8, 2021, our Board of Directors (the “Board”) appointed Keith Cochran as President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company, to hold office until the earlier of the expiration of the term of office, a successor is duly elected and qualified, or the earlier of such officer’s death, resignation, disqualification, or removal.
As compensation for his services as President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company, Mr. Cochran will receive: (1) a salary of $250,000 per annum and commensurate benefits; (2) 2,000,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock, which shares shall vest, so long as Mr. Cochran remains employed by the Company, in four (4) equal yearly installments, with the first installment amount to vest on March 1, 2022 and annually thereafter; and (3) eligibility, also subject to Mr. Cochran’s continued employment with the Company, for incentive based grants of up to 1,500,000 shares, which shall be earned upon the Company achieving certain market capitalization milestones.
Appointment of Independent Directors
On February 20, 2021, the Board, contingent upon the Company’s common stock being approved for uplisting to a national exchange, approved the appointment of Morio Kurosaki as an independent member of the Board. Mr. Kurosaki will also serve as chair of the Audit Committee. As such, the Board has determined that Mr. Kurosaki is a financial expert within the meaning of SEC regulations. Additionally, Mr. Kurosaki will serve as a member of both the Compensation Committee and the Nominating and Governance Committee.
In connection with his appointments, Mr. Kurosaki will be compensated (1) $10,000 per quarter, beginning on and subject to approval for uplisting, and (2) 20,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock, which shares shall vest equally in 5,000 share increments per quarter beginning on and subject to approval for uplisting.
On February 20, 2021, the Board, contingent upon the Company’s common stock being approved for uplisting to a national exchange, approved the appointment of Stayce D. Harris as an independent member of the Board. Ms. Harris will also serve as chair of the Compensation Committee. Additionally, Ms. Harris will serve as a member of both the Audit Committee and the Nominating and Governance Committee.
In connection with her appointments, Ms. Harris will be compensated (1) $10,000 per quarter, beginning on and subject to approval for uplisting, and (2) 20,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock, which shares shall vest equally in 5,000 share increments per quarter beginning on and subject to approval for uplisting.
On February 20, 2021, the Board, contingent upon the Company’s common stock being approved for uplisting to a national exchange, approved the appointment of Joanna D. Massey as an independent member of the Board. Ms. Massey will also serve as chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee. Additionally, Ms. Massey will serve as a member of both the Audit Committee and the Compensation Committee. ..
In connection with her appointments, and subject to the receipt of her acknowledgment of the same, Ms. Massey will be compensated (1) $10,000 per quarter, beginning on and subject to approval for uplisting, and (2) 20,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock, which shares shall vest equally in 5,000 share increments per quarter beginning on and subject to approval for uplisting.
Conversion of Series C Preferred Stock
During the year ended December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 56,778 shares of our common stock upon voluntary conversions of 5.11 shares of our Series C Preferred Stock.
Effective as of December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 177,885 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 177,885 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.25 per share, upon a deemed automatic conversion of 18.90 shares of our Series C Preferred Stock, after which there remained no further Series C Preferred Stock outstanding. Although the conversion shares were issued subsequent to the deemed automatic conversion, in connection with a registered direct offering that closed on December 31, 2020, the conversions were made effective as of December 31, 2020 pursuant to an automatic conversion feature of the Series C Preferred Stock under which the stated value of each share was converted into the same securities issued in the registered direct offering at an effective conversion price of 85% of the aggregate purchase price of such securities.
Conversion of Series B Preferred Stock
During the year ended December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 25,758 shares of our common stock upon conversion of 515 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock.
Subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 698,600 shares of our common stock upon conversion of 13,972 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock, after which there remained no further Series B Preferred Stock outstanding.
Market Opportunity and Strategy
Market
The world of electronics continues to become more and more demanding and performance driven. The increasing demand for reliability of microelectronics and Li-ion batteries has pushed thermal management to the forefront of many industries. We target our solutions to serve the following markets and applications: PPR battery design, Battery Storage and Transportation, Electrical Transportation, 5G Mobile and Cloud Computing Infrastructure, Aerospace and Defense.
Lithium-Ion Battery, Energy Storage and Battery Transportation Market. According to Prescient & Strategic Intelligence, Li-ion battery market was valued at $34 billion in 2018, the global Li-ion battery market is projected to surpass $106 billion by 2024, witnessing a CAGR of 21.8% between 2019 and 2024. The stationary battery storage market is forecasted to ramp from $11 billion in 2018 to $170 billion by 2030, according to a 2019 Global Market Insights, Inc. report. Favorable regulatory policies pertaining to sustainable energy technologies coupled with upsurge in investments toward large scale storage units with increased power output will drive the market size.
According to Market Research Future, the global thermal management market is expected to reach approximately $15 billion by end of 2023 with 7% compound annual growth rate during the forecast period from 2017 to 2023. According to the report, in recent years, electronic devices and systems have undergone tremendous technological growth. Advancements in the electronics industry have led to an increased need for innovative thermal management technologies, which serve to improve performance and reliability. The report states that technological progress has come on two fronts: increased functionality on a single device unit and miniaturization of each unit. As a result, there has been an increased demand for thermal management technologies. The report analyzes the thermal market by four segments, including hardware, software, interfaces, and substrates.
Electrical Transportation Market. According to Frost & Sullivan’s recently released “Global Electric Vehicle Market Outlook EV industry will need to overcome major challenges related to battery technology and charging infrastructure, both of which have fallen far short of the pace set by global EV sales.
5G Mobile Computing Market. The next generation mobile computing platform, also known as the “5G” mobile wireless standard, presents new challenges and demands to improve the performance and reliability of mobile infrastructures and consumer devices. According to the IHS Markit’s global study, in 2035, when 5G’s full economic benefit should be realized across the globe, a broad range of industries - from retail to education, transportation to entertainment, and everything in between - could produce up to $12.3 trillion worth of goods and services enabled by 5G.
Cloud Computing Market. A key area of cloud computing is optical data transfer and communications connections and lines. Optical data is faster and more efficient and, as cloud computing banks move to acquire and utilize optical data, thermal management will play a pivotal role in maintaining the peak performance and safety of these expensive and highly sensitive computer connections. The processing demands of artificial intelligence (“AI”) technology in the cloud requires advanced thermal management solutions for processors and memory modules.
Space Exploration and Communications Market. Demand for nano-satellites and re-usable launch vehicle systems is anticipated to be driven by the massive investment made by governments and private enterprises. The overall trend in space investment is stable financially but explosive numerically, providing vastly more opportunity for space technology providers. Increasingly, investments in space exploration and commercialization are being led by well-funded private companies with most focused-on satellite development and deployment. KULR’s heritage in space thermal management technology positions us well in this market.
We believe KULR’s technology solution excels in a number of categories important in the world of thermal management. KULR’s proprietary carbon fiber-based solutions are generally more thermally conductive, lighter weight, require less contact pressure, and offer greater design flexibility and durability compared to traditional solutions. As a result, we believe KULR has real potential to offer a unique value proposition to customers in the multibillion-dollar thermal management industry. KULR aims to provide cost-effective, superior thermal management solutions for a group of electronic manufacturers.
Sales and Marketing Strategy
The Company markets and sells products and solutions directly to customers. We believe that our direct relationship with end customers allows us to have more in-depth technical interactions with our customers and faster turnaround time. We market to our customers through our website, industry conferences, and industry market research reports. In 2021, we plan to expand our sales network by working with sales agents and distributors for more mature and off-the-shelf products such as FTI and Cathode products. For PPR design service, we will continue to work with customers directly.
Advertising and Communications Strategy
We plan to utilize all forms of advertising and communications tools at our disposal. This includes commissioning unbiased white papers and technical papers, attending, sponsoring, and guest speaking at industry events, conferences, and symposiums. We have hired a public relations consultant who will oversee our press releases and media relations interface with newspapers, magazines, and blogs. We have also hired a SEO specialist for social media outreach activities and will also rely on the company’s pedigree within the thermal management community to spread high praise via word of mouth. To date, as a result of these efforts, we have been mentioned in WSJ, Cheddar TV, CNBC, Forbes, EETimes, USA Today, Business Insider and others.
Intellectual Property and Patent Strategy
Our intellectual property strategy includes pursuing patent protection for new innovations in core carbon fiber architecture development, application development, acquisition of intellectual property, and licensing of third-party patents and intellectual property. As of December 31, 2020, we have eight pending nonprovisional and provisional patent applications and we have four patents granted and assigned to KULR. We also have an exclusive license to four third party patents.
Product and Services
Our heat management products and services can be divided into the following categories, subcategories and functionalities:
Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Runaway Shield (“TRS”): KULR has developed a thermal insulation technology aimed at passive resistance to thermal runaway propagation in Li-ion batteries in partnership with National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (“NASA JSC”). HYDRA TRS acts as a heat sink during normal Li-ion battery pack operation but also prevents thermal runaway propagation, which is a serious concern for aerospace and defense customers and electric vehicle manufacturers. The HYDRA is a vaporizing thermal capacitor that provides passive prevention of thermal runaway propagation (“TRP”) in Li-ion battery packs. Thermal runaway can occur spontaneously in a Li-ion cell due to a short. This can trigger an explosive release of electric energy that ruptures the end cap resulting in a flare and combustion of cell materials. Released heat drives the triggered cell temperatures to > 500°C, causing a dramatic increase in neighboring cell temperatures. Temperatures above the critical 130°C greatly increases the chance for a short in adjacent cells and result in TRP. TRS keeps neighboring cell temperatures from rising above 100°C (well below the 130°C threshold) and prevents TRP.
Fiber Thermal Interface Material (“FTI”): KULR thermal interface materials (“TIMs”) consist of vertically oriented carbon fiber velvets attached to a film of polymer or metal. The fiber packing density and orientation are selected to serve a wide range of applications, including hostile thermal and chemical environments, sliding interfaces, and interfaces with widely varying gaps. They can be coated for electrical isolation. They require low contact pressure and provide high thermal conductivity. Their light weight and high compliance make them uniquely suited for aerospace, industrial and high-performance commercial devices.
Phase Change Material (“PCM”) Heat Sink: KULR PCM composite heat sinks consisting of a conductive carbon fiber velvet embedded with a suitable alkane (“paraffin”) having high latent heat at its melting point. Such heat sinks offer passive thermal control for instruments that would otherwise overheat or under-cool during periodic operations. A typical application involves lasers that dissipate heat but need tight thermal control where active cooling is unavailable.
HYDRA TRS Battery Storage Bag: KULR developed the HYDRA TRS Bag to safely store and transport Li-ion batteries in partnership with NASA Johnson Space Center for the International Space Stations. Between January and June 2019 experts with NASA’s Propulsion & Power Division tested storage and use of rechargeable lithium-ion laptop batteries. The tests intentionally triggered the batteries into dangerous failures in order to study what storage methods may stop battery fires from spreading battery to battery in thermal runaway propagation. As a result, KULR TRS bags are currently in service on the International Space Station for storage of spare laptop batteries, having flown November 2, 2019 on the CRS2 NG-12 resupply mission. KULR is developing a commercial version for mass market applications.
Internal Short Circuit (“ISC”) Device: In March 2018, KULR reached an agreement with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (“NREL”), a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, to be the exclusive manufacturing and distribution partner for the patented ISC device, which causes predictable battery cell failures in Li-ion batteries, making them easier to study and, therefore, safer. Li-ion batteries are the industry and consumer standard for portable power; billions of individual battery cells exist and billions more are planned for production. They provide power for everything from smart phones and laptops to electric cars and space crafts. But Li-ion batteries fail, sometimes with catastrophic results. Due to the relative rarity of cell failures, scientists and researchers had been unable to reliably or accurately replicate latent defect cell failures in lab settings, impeding research into safer battery technology. In 2020, KULR has produced and sold both ISC devices and ISC trigger cells to customers.
CRUX Cathode: The CRUX Cathode is composed of a carbon fiber velvet, providing a means of generating powerful electron pulses by field emission from the tops of the carbon fibers. CRUX Cathodes can be customized for different applications including the generation of microwaves, x-rays, and laser radiation. They can be fabricated in a wide variety of physical configurations, ranging from simple planar and cylindrical forms to more complex lobed shapes.
Competition
Currently, the battery industry uses a number of solutions to mitigate thermal runaway propagation that are offered by Unifrax, Lydall, LHS, 3M, Engineered Syntactic Systems, Celono, AllCell and others. Each of their solutions offer unique features and benefits for a specific application. We do not believe, however, that there is a one-size-fits-all solution across all applications. We believe our PPR design solution offers competitive light-weight and effective solutions for high energy battery cells because it is more flexible and can fit into different design configurations. For applications that require passive, light-weight solutions for high energy density battery cells, TRS offers a competitive solution.
Thermal interface material is a large and fragmented market with many large suppliers including: Henkel Bergquist, Fujipoly, Laird, 3M, Honeywell and others. These solutions are typically based on silicone and thermal particles. KULR’s FTI offers high bulk thermal conductivity and low contact pressure requirements, which we believe gives us a competitive advantage over other thermal interface solutions.
Our licensed ISC device offers a reliable way to trigger battery cell thermal runaway compared to nail penetration, over-charging or over-heating the cell. ISC does not rely on mechanically damaging the battery exterior to activate the short, as do most of the other evaluation methodologies. Instead, the ISC devices trigger true internal shorts. This makes it possible to accurately pinpoint and fix problems leading to malfunctions, an ability that we believe will give us a competitive advantage over other testing solutions.
Governmental Regulation and Environmental Compliance
Certain substances we use in our manufacturing process are subject to federal governmental regulations (such as Environmental Protect Agency regulations). We believe we are in material compliance with all applicable governmental regulations, and that the cost and effect of compliance with environmental laws is not material. As a small generator of hazardous substances, we are subject to local governmental regulations relating to the storage, discharge, handling, emission, generation, manufacture and disposal of toxic or other hazardous substances, such as acetone that is used in very small quantities to manufacture our products. We are currently in compliance with these regulations. Most new materials sold in the U.S or in many other countries require regulation by government authorities. In most other countries, there are no specific regulations that require additional regulation, but some countries do have registration requirements with which we comply to the best our ability.
Employees
As of December 31, 2020, we had 9 employees and 4 consultants. We believe that we maintain a good working relationship with our employees and we have not experienced any significant labor disputes.
Intellectual Property
We seek to establish and maintain our proprietary rights in our technology and products through the use of patents, copyright, trademarks and trade secrets. We have, and will continue to, file applications for and/or obtain patents, copyrights and trademarks in the United States and selected foreign countries where we believe filing for such protection is appropriate. We also seek to maintain our trade secrets and confidential information by implementing organizational nondisclosure policies and through the use of appropriate confidentiality agreements. As of December 31, 2020, we held four U.S. patents and eight non-provisional pending U.S. patent applications with expiration dates ranging from 2022 to 2035. In addition, KULR has exclusive license on four patents from its partnerships. There can be no assurance, however, that the rights obtained can be successfully enforced against infringing products in every jurisdiction. While our patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets provide some advantage and protection, we believe our competitive position and future success is largely determined by such factors as the system and application knowledge, innovative skills, technological expertise and management ability and experience of our personnel; the range and success of new products being developed by us; our market brand recognition and ongoing marketing efforts; and customer service and technical support. We also have trademarks that are used in the conduct of our business to distinguish genuine KULR products; KULR has been granted trademarks for Class 9 and Class 17 applications.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1A. RISK
An investment in the Company’s common stock involves a high degree of risk. In determining whether to purchase the Company’s common stock, an investor should carefully consider all of the material risks described below, together with the other information contained in this report before deciding to purchase the Company’s securities. An investor should only purchase the Company’s securities if he or she can afford to suffer the loss of his or her entire investment.
Risks Related to Our Business and Our Industry
We are a young company with a limited operating history, making it difficult for you to evaluate our business and your investment.
KULR was formed in 2015 and KTC was formed in 2013. The Company, as a whole, has limited operating history. We have not yet demonstrated sales of products at a level capable of covering our fixed expenses. Since inception, we have not demonstrated the capability to produce sufficient materials to generate the ongoing revenues necessary to sustain our operations in the long-term. Nor have we demonstrated the ability to generate sufficient sales to sustain the business. There can be no assurance that the Company will ever produce a profit.
Many of the Company’s products represent new products that have not yet been fully tested in commercial product settings and for which manufacturing operations have not yet been fully scaled. This means that investors are subject to all the risks incident to the creation and development of multiple new products and their associated manufacturing processes, and each investor should be prepared to withstand a complete loss of their investment.
Because we are subject to these uncertainties, there may be risks that management has failed to anticipate and you may have a difficult time evaluating our business and your investment in our Company. Our ability to become profitable depends primarily on our ability to successfully commercialize our products in the future. Even if we successfully develop and market our products, we may not generate sufficient or sustainable revenue to achieve or sustain profitability, which could cause us to cease operations.
We have no sustainable base of products approved for commercial use by our customers, have never generated significant product revenues and may never achieve sufficient revenues for profitable operations, which could cause us to cease operations.
KULR primarily sells bulk materials or products made with these materials to other companies for incorporation into their products. Although KULR’s technologies were previously used in numerous advanced space and industrial applications for NASA, there has been no significant incorporation of our materials or products into customer products that are released for commercial sale as of the date of this report. Because there is no demonstrated history of large-scale commercial success for our products, it is possible that such commercial success may never happen and that we will never achieve the level of revenues necessary to sustain our business.
We will need to raise substantial additional capital in the future to fund our operations and we may be unable to raise such funds when needed and on acceptable terms, which could have a materially adverse effect on our business.
We anticipate that we will incur operating losses for the foreseeable future. We may require additional funds for our anticipated operations and if we are not successful in securing additional financing, we may be required to delay significantly, reduce the scope of or eliminate one or more of our research or development programs, downsize our general and administrative infrastructure, or seek alternative measures to avoid insolvency, including arrangements with collaborative partners or others that may require us to relinquish rights to certain of our technologies, product candidates or products.
We have limited experience in higher volume manufacturing that will be required to support profitable operations, and the risks associated with scaling to larger production quantities may be substantial.
We have limited experience manufacturing our products. We have established small-scale commercial or pilot-scale production facilities for our carbon-based thermal management products, but these facilities do not have the existing production capacity to produce sufficient quantities of materials for us to reach sustainable sales levels. In order to develop the capacity to produce much higher volumes, it will be necessary to produce multiples of existing processes or engineer new production processes in some cases. There is no guarantee that we will be able to economically scale-up our production processes to the levels required. If we are unable to scale-up our production processes and facilities to support sustainable sales levels, the Company may be forced to curtail or cease operations.
We have a long and complex sales cycle and have not demonstrated the ability to operate successfully in this environment.
It has been our experience since our inception that the average sales cycle for our products can range from one to five years from the time a customer begins testing our products until the time that they could be successfully used in a commercial product. We have only demonstrated a limited track record of success in completing customer development projects, which makes it difficult for you to evaluate the likelihood of our future success. The sales and development cycle for our products is subject to customer budgetary constraints, internal acceptance procedures, competitive product assessments, scientific and development resource allocations, and other factors beyond our control. If we are not able to successfully accommodate these factors to enable customer development success, we will be unable to achieve sufficient sales to reach profitability. In this case, the Company may not be able to raise additional funds and may be forced to curtail or cease operations and you could lose all or a significant part of your investment.
We are dependent on customers and partners to design and test our solution into new applications which may not be brought to market successfully.
The Company targets its thermal management solution for new applications and devices that require high performance and unique features offered by its products. Developing new applications and devices involves a lengthy and complex process, and they may not be commercialized on a timely basis, or at all. The Company’s success is directly related to the success of these new products. Furthermore, because the Company’s solutions are relatively new to mass market consumer electronics, the design and testing time is longer than traditional solutions. Moreover, in transitioning to new technologies and products, we may not achieve design wins, our customers may delay transition to these new technologies, our competitors may transition more quickly than we do, or we may experience product delays, cost overruns or performance issues that could harm our operating results and financial condition.
We could be adversely affected by our exposure to customer concentration risk.
We are subject to customer concentration risk as a result of our reliance on a relatively small number of customers for a significant portion of our revenues. For 2020, we had 2 customers whose purchases accounted for 50% of total revenues. Due to the nature of our business and the relatively large size of many of the applications our customers are developing, we anticipate that we will be dependent on a relatively small number of customers for the majority of our revenues for the next several years. It is possible that only one or two customers could place orders sufficient to utilize most or all of our existing manufacturing capacity.
In this case, there would be at risk of significant loss of future revenues if one or more of these customers were to stop ordering our materials, which could in turn have a material adverse effect on our business and on your investment.
We operate in an advanced technology arena where hypothesized properties and benefits of our products may not be achieved in practice, or in which technological change may alter the attractiveness of our products.
Because there is no sustained history of successful use of our products in commercial applications, there is no assurance that broad successful commercial applications may be technically feasible. Some of the scientific and engineering data related to our products has been generated in our own laboratories or in laboratory environments at our customers or third-parties. It is well known that laboratory data is not always representative of commercial applications.
Likewise, we operate in a market that is subject to rapid technological change. Part of our business strategy is to monitor such change and take steps to remain technologically current, but there is no assurance that such strategy will be successful. If the Company is not able to adapt to new advances in materials sciences, or if unforeseen technologies or materials emerge that are not compatible with our products and services or that could replace our products and services, our revenues and business prospects would likely be adversely affected. Such an occurrence may have severe consequences, including the potential for our investors to lose all of their investment.
Competitors that are larger and better funded may cause the Company to be unsuccessful in selling its products.
The Company operates in a market that is expected to have significant competition in the future. Global research is being conducted by substantially larger companies who have greater financial, personnel, technical, and marketing resources. There can be no assurance that the Company’s strategy of offering better thermal management solutions based on the Company’s proprietary carbon fiber-based products will be able to compete with other companies, many of whom will have significantly greater resources, on a continuing basis. In the event that we cannot compete successfully, the Company may be forced to cease operations.
Because of our small size and limited operating history, we are dependent on key employees.
The Company’s operations and development are dependent upon the experience and knowledge of Michael Mo, our Chief Executive Officer, Simon Westbrook our Chief Financial Officer, Dr. Timothy Knowles, our Chief Technical Officer, Keith Cochran, our President and Chief Operating Officer, and Michael Carpenter, our Vice President of Engineering. If the services of any of these individuals should become unavailable, the Company’s business operations might be adversely affected. If several of these individuals became unavailable at the same time, the ability of the Company to continue normal business operations might be adversely affected to the extent that revenue or profits could be diminished, and you could lose all or a significant amount of your investment.
Our success depends in part on our ability to protect our intellectual property rights, and our inability to enforce these rights could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position.
We rely on the patent, trademark, copyright and trade-secret laws of the United States and to protect our intellectual property rights. We may be unable to prevent third parties from using our intellectual property without our authorization. The unauthorized use of our intellectual property could reduce any competitive advantage we have developed, reduce our market share or otherwise harm our business. In the event of unauthorized use of our intellectual property, litigation to protect or enforce our rights could be costly, and we may not prevail.
Many of our technologies are not covered by any patent or patent application, and our issued and pending U.S. patents may not provide us with any competitive advantage and could be challenged by third parties. Our inability to secure issuance of our pending patent applications may limit our ability to protect the intellectual property rights these pending patent applications were intended to cover. Our competitors may attempt to design around our patents to avoid liability for infringement and, if successful, our competitors could adversely affect our market share. Furthermore, the expiration of our patents may lead to increased competition.
Our pending trademark applications may not be approved by the responsible governmental authorities and, even if these trademark applications are granted, third parties may seek to oppose or otherwise challenge these trademark applications. A failure to obtain trademark registrations in the United States and in other countries could limit our ability to protect our products and their associated trademarks and impede our marketing efforts in those jurisdictions.
In addition, effective patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret protection may be unavailable or limited in some foreign countries. We also rely on unpatented proprietary manufacturing expertise, continuing technological innovation and other trade secrets to develop and maintain our competitive position. Although we generally enter into confidentiality agreements with our employees and third parties to protect our intellectual property, these confidentiality agreements are limited in duration and could be breached, and may not provide meaningful protection of our trade secrets or proprietary manufacturing expertise. Adequate remedies may not be available if there is an unauthorized use or disclosure of our trade secrets and manufacturing expertise. In addition, others may obtain knowledge about our trade secrets through independent development or by legal means. The failure to protect our processes, apparatus, technology, trade secrets and proprietary manufacturing expertise, methods and compounds could have a material adverse effect on our business by jeopardizing critical intellectual property.
Where a product formulation or process is kept as a trade secret, third parties may independently develop or invent and patent products or processes identical to our trade-secret products or processes. This could have an adverse impact on our ability to make and sell products or use such processes and could potentially result in costly litigation in which we might not prevail.
We could face intellectual property infringement claims that could result in significant legal costs and damages and impede our ability to produce key products, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If our technologies conflict with the proprietary rights of others, we may incur substantial costs as a result of litigation or other proceedings and we could face substantial monetary damages and be precluded from commercializing our products, which would materially harm our business and financial condition.
Patents in the thermal management solutions industry are numerous and may, at times, conflict with one another. As a result, it is not always clear to industry participants, including us, which patents cover the multitude of product types. Ultimately, the courts must determine the scope of coverage afforded by a patent and the courts do not always arrive at uniform conclusions.
A patent owner may claim that we are making, using, selling or offering for sale an invention covered by the owner’s patents and may go to court to stop us from engaging in such activities. Such litigation is not uncommon in our industry. Patent lawsuits can be expensive and would consume time and other resources. There is a risk that a court would decide that we are infringing a third party’s patents and would order us to stop the activities covered by the patents, including the commercialization of our products. In addition, there is a risk that we would have to pay the other party damages for having violated the other party’s patents (which damages may be increased, as well as attorneys’ fees ordered paid, if infringement is found to be willful), or that we will be required to obtain a license from the other party in order to continue to commercialize the affected products, or to design our products in a manner that does not infringe a valid patent. We may not prevail in any legal action, and a required license under the patent may not be available on acceptable terms or at all, requiring cessation of activities that were found to infringe a valid patent. We also may not be able to develop a non-infringing product design on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.
We may not obtain U.S. Government contracts to further develop our technology.
We can give no assurances that we will be successful in obtaining government contracts. The process of applying for government contracts is lengthy, and we cannot be certain that we will be successful in complying with all requirements throughout such application process. Accordingly, we cannot be certain that we will be awarded any U.S. Government contracts utilizing our carbon fiber-based solutions.
Downturns in general economic conditions could adversely affect our profitability.
Downturns in general economic conditions can cause fluctuations in demand for our products, product prices, volumes and gross margins. Future economic conditions may not be favorable to our industry. A decline in the demand for our products or a shift to lower-margin products due to deteriorating economic conditions could adversely affect sales of our products and our profitability and could also result in impairments of certain of our assets.
Furthermore, any uncertainty in economic conditions may result in a slowdown to the global economy that could affect our business by reducing the prices that our customers may be able or willing to pay for our products or by reducing the demand for our products.
An increase in the cost of raw materials or electricity might affect our profits.
Any increase in the prices of our raw materials or energy might affect the overall cost of our products. If we are not able to raise our prices to pass on increased costs to our customers, we would be unable to maintain our existing profit margins. Our major cost components include items such as production materials and electricity, which items are normally readily available industrial commodities. During our history as a business, we have not seen any material impact (as defined by GAAP) on our cost structure from fluctuations in raw material or energy costs, but this could change in the future.
Our results of operations could deteriorate if our manufacturing operations were substantially disrupted for an extended period.
Our manufacturing operations may be subject to disruption due to extreme weather conditions, floods and similar events, major industrial accidents, strikes and lockouts, adoption of new laws or regulations, changes in interpretations of existing laws or regulations or changes in governmental enforcement policies, civil disruption, riots, terrorist attacks, war, and other events. We cannot assure you that no such events will occur. If such an event occurs, it could have a material adverse effect on us.
We may become subject to liabilities related to risks inherent in working with hazardous materials.
Our development and manufacturing processes involve the controlled use of hazardous materials, such as acetone. We are subject to federal, provincial and local laws and EPA regulations governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal of such materials and certain waste products. Although we believe that our safety procedures for handling and disposing of such materials comply with the standards prescribed by such laws and regulations, the risk of accidental contamination or injury from these materials cannot be completely eliminated. In the event of such an accident, we could be held liable for any damages that result and any such liability could exceed our resources. We are not specifically insured with respect to this liability. Although we believe that we are in compliance in all material respects with applicable environmental laws and regulations and currently do not expect to make material capital expenditures for environmental control facilities in the near-term, if we fail to comply with these regulations substantial fines could be imposed on us and we could be required to suspend production, alter manufacturing processes or cease operations. In addition, there can be no assurance that we will not be required to incur significant costs to comply with environmental laws and regulations in the future, or that our operations, business or assets will not be materially adversely affected by current or future environmental laws or regulations.
Future adverse regulations could affect the viability of the business.
As a small generator of hazardous substances, we are subject to local governmental regulations relating to the storage, discharge, handling, emission, generation, manufacture and disposal of toxic or other hazardous substances, such as acetone that is used in very small quantities to manufacture our products. We are currently in compliance with these regulations. However, there can be no assurance that future regulations might not change or raise the compliance standards, of which the Company may become in violate or for which we may incur substantial costs to comply.
In most cases, as far as we are aware, there are no current regulations elsewhere in the world that prevent or prohibit the sale of the Company’s products. However, there is no assurance that any regulations will not be enacted in the future to require the Company’s products or production materials to be subject to test for toxicity or other health effects before they can be sold or used in the production process, if such regulations are enacted in the future, the Company’s business could be adversely affected because of the requirement for expensive and time-consuming tests or other regulatory compliance. There can be no assurance that future regulations might not severely limit or even prevent the sale of the Company’s products in major markets, in which case the Company’s financial prospects might be severely limited, causing investors to lose some or all of their investment.
Our directors and officers may be exposed to liability.
We currently maintain a policy for director and officer liability insurance, also known as “D&O Insurance.” However, the maximum coverage under our D&O Insurance policy may not be sufficient to cover all such liability exposure and, as a result, it may be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers.
Compliance with changing regulation of corporate governance and public disclosure will result in additional expenses and will divert time and attention away from revenue generating activities.
Changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related SEC regulations, have created uncertainty for public companies and significantly increased the costs and risks associated with accessing the public markets and public reporting. Our management team will need to invest significant management time and financial resources to comply with both existing and evolving standards for public companies, which will lead to increased selling, general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue generating activities to compliance activities, which could have an adverse effect on our business.
If we fail to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting, the price of our common stock may be adversely affected.
Our management identified weaknesses in our internal controls, as described in Item 9A here within. Our internal control over financial reporting may still or could in the future have weaknesses and conditions that could require correction or remediation, the disclosure of which and continued existence of which may have an adverse impact on the price of our common stock. We are required to establish and maintain appropriate internal controls over financial reporting. Failure to establish those controls, or any failure of those controls once established, could adversely affect our public disclosures regarding our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, management’s assessment of internal controls over financial reporting may identify weaknesses and conditions that need to be addressed in our internal controls over financial reporting or other matters that may raise concerns for investors. Any actual or perceived weaknesses and conditions that need to be addressed in our internal control over financial reporting or disclosure of management’s assessment of our internal controls over financial reporting may have an adverse impact on the price of our common stock.
We are required to comply with certain provisions of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and if we fail to comply in a timely manner, our business could be harmed and our stock price could decline.
Rules adopted by the SEC pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 require an annual assessment of internal controls over financial reporting, and for certain issuers an attestation of this assessment by the issuer’s independent registered public accounting firm. The standards that must be met for management to assess the internal controls over financial reporting as effective are evolving and complex, and require significant documentation, testing, and possible remediation to meet the detailed standards. We expect to incur significant expenses and to devote resources to Section 404 compliance on an ongoing basis. It is difficult for us to predict how long it will take or how costly it will be to complete the assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for each year and to remediate any deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting. As a result, we may not be able to complete the assessment and remediation process on a timely basis. In addition, although attestation requirements by our independent registered public accounting firm are not presently applicable to us, we could become subject to these requirements in the future and we may encounter problems or delays in completing the implementation of any resulting changes to internal controls over financial reporting. In the event that our Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer determine that our internal control over financial reporting is not effective as defined under Section 404, we cannot predict how regulators will react or how the market prices of our shares will be affected; however, we believe that there is a risk that investor confidence and share value may be negatively affected.
Risks Relating to Our Common Stock
The price of our common stock is volatile and fluctuations in our operating results and announcements and developments concerning our business affect our stock price, which may cause investment losses for our stockholders.
The market for our common stock is highly volatile and the trading price of our stock quoted on the OTCQB is subject to wide fluctuations in response to, among other things, operating results, the number of stockholders desiring to sell their shares, changes in general economic conditions and the financial markets, the execution of new contracts and the completion of existing agreements and other developments affecting us. In addition, statements or changes in opinions, ratings, or earnings estimates made by brokerage firms or industry analysts relating to our market or relating to us could result in an immediate and adverse effect on the market price of our common stock. The highly volatile nature of our stock price may cause investment losses for our shareholders. In the past, securities class action litigation has been brought against companies following periods of volatility in the market price of their securities. If securities class action litigation is brought against us, such litigation could result in substantial costs while diverting management’s attention and resources.
Our common stock is subject to the "Penny Stock" rules of the SEC and the trading market in our securities is limited, which makes transactions in our stock cumbersome and may reduce the value of an investment in our stock.
The Securities and Exchange Commission has adopted Rule 15g-9 which establishes the definition of a "penny stock," for the purposes relevant to us, as any equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share or with an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions. For any transaction involving a penny stock, unless exempt, the rules require:
· That a broker or dealer approve a person's account for transactions in penny stocks; and
· The broker or dealer receives from the investor a written agreement to the transaction, setting forth the identity and quantity of the penny stock to be purchased.
In order to approve a person's account for transactions in penny stocks, the broker or dealer must:
· Obtain financial information and investment experience objectives of the person; and
· Make a reasonable determination that the transactions in penny stocks are suitable for that person and the person has sufficient knowledge and experience in financial matters to be capable of evaluating the risks of transactions in penny stocks.
The broker or dealer must also deliver, prior to any transaction in a penny stock, a disclosure schedule prescribed by the Commission relating to the penny stock market, which, in highlight form:
· Sets forth the basis on which the broker or dealer made the suitability determination; and
· That the broker or dealer received a signed, written agreement from the investor prior to the transaction.
Generally, brokers may be less willing to execute transactions in securities subject to the "penny stock" rules. This may make it more difficult for investors to dispose of our common stock and cause a decline in the market value of our stock.
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) sales practice requirements may limit a shareholder’s ability to buy and sell our common stock.
In addition to the “penny stock” rules described above, FINRA has adopted rules that require that in recommending an investment to a customer, a broker-dealer must have reasonable grounds for believing that the investment is suitable for that customer. Prior to recommending speculative low-priced securities to their non-institutional customers, broker-dealers must make reasonable efforts to obtain information about the customer’s financial status, tax status, investment objectives and other information. Under interpretations of these rules, FINRA believes that there is a high probability that speculative low-priced securities will not be suitable for at least some customers. FINRA requirements make it more difficult for broker-dealers to recommend that their customers buy our common stock, which may limit your ability to buy and sell our stock and have an adverse effect on the market for our shares.
Our stock is thinly traded, so you may be unable to sell your shares at or near the quoted bid prices if you need to sell a significant number of your shares.
The shares of our common stock are thinly-traded on the OTCQB, meaning that the number of persons interested in purchasing our common stock at or near bid prices at any given time may be relatively small or non-existent. As a consequence, there may be periods of several days or more when trading activity in our shares is minimal or non-existent, as compared to a seasoned issuer which has a large and steady volume of trading activity that will generally support continuous sales without an adverse effect on share price. We cannot give you any assurance that a broader or more active public trading market for our common stock will develop or be sustained, or that current trading levels will be sustained. Due to these conditions, we can give you no assurance that you will be able to sell your shares at or near bid prices or at all if you need money or otherwise desire to liquidate your shares.
Shares eligible for future sale may adversely affect the market.
From time to time, certain of our stockholders may be eligible to sell all or some of their shares of common stock by means of ordinary brokerage transactions in the open market pursuant to Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, subject to certain limitations. In general, pursuant to amended Rule 144, non-affiliate stockholders may sell freely after six months subject only to the current public information requirement. Affiliates may sell after six months subject to the Rule 144 volume, manner of sale (for equity securities), and current public information and notice requirements. Any substantial sales of our common stock pursuant to Rule 144 may have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.
If we sell shares of our common stock under the Standby Equity Distribution Agreement, our stockholders will experience immediate dilution and, as a result, our stock price may go down.
Pursuant to the Standby Equity Distribution Agreement, we may sell up to $8,000,000 of shares of our common stock over a 24-month period at our discretion and subject to certain limitations, and, as consideration for YA II PN, Ltd’s (“YA”) entering into the Standby Equity Distribution Agreement, we issued to YA an aggregate of 95,847 commitment shares.
If we submit additional advance notices to YA, the sale of shares of our common stock pursuant to the Standby Equity Distribution Agreement will have a dilutive impact on our existing stockholders. The number of shares ultimately offered for sale by YA is dependent upon the number of shares we elect to sell to YA under the Standby Equity Distribution Agreement. YA may ultimately purchase all or some of the $8,000,000 of shares of common stock that, together with the commitment shares, are issuable in connection with the Standby Equity Distribution Agreement.
YA may resell all, some or none of the shares we issue to it under the Standby Equity Distribution Agreement. Sales by YA of shares acquired pursuant to the Standby Equity Distribution Agreement could cause the market price of our common stock to decline, which decline could be significant. The sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock by YA, or the anticipation of such sales, could make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and at a price that we might otherwise wish.
We could issue additional common stock, which might dilute the book value of our common stock.
Our Board of Directors has authority, without action or vote of our shareholders, to issue all or a part of our authorized but unissued shares. Such stock issuances could be made at a price that reflects a discount or a premium from the then-current trading price of our common stock. In addition, in order to raise capital, we have and may need to issue securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for a significant amount of our common stock. These issuances would dilute the percentage ownership interest, which would have the effect of reducing your influence on matters on which our shareholders vote and might dilute the book value of our common stock. You may incur additional dilution if holders of stock options, whether currently outstanding or subsequently granted, exercise their options, or if warrant holders exercise their warrants, whether currently outstanding or subsequently granted, to purchase shares of our common stock.
Our common stock could be further diluted as a result of the issuance of convertible securities, warrants or options.
In the past, we have issued convertible securities (such as convertible debentures and notes), warrants and options in order to raise money or as compensation for services and incentive compensation for our employees and directors. We have shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of certain of these securities and may increase the shares reserved for these purposes in the future. Our issuance of these convertible securities, options and warrants could affect the rights of our stockholders, could reduce the market price of our common stock or could result in adjustments to exercise prices of outstanding warrants (resulting in these securities becoming exercisable for, as the case may be, a greater number of shares of our common stock), or could obligate us to issue additional shares of common stock to certain of our stockholders.
We may experience volatility in our stock price, which may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.
The sale prices of our common stock as reported on the OTCQB have and may continue to exhibit volatility. Factors such as the following may affect the volatility in our stock price:
· our quarterly operating results;
· announcements of regulatory developments or technological innovations by us or our competitors;
· changes in our relationship with our vendors, distributors or other strategic partners;
· government regulation; and
· developments in patent or other technology ownership rights;
Other factors which may affect our stock price include general changes in the economy, the financial markets or the industries in which we target our products and services.
Trading on the OTCQB is volatile and sporadic, which could depress the market price of our common stock and make it difficult for our security holders to resell their common stock.
Our common stock is quoted on the OTCQB tier of the OTC Markets Group, Inc. Trading in securities quoted on the OTCQB is often thin and characterized by wide fluctuations in trading prices due to many factors, some of which may have little to do with our operations or business prospects. This volatility could depress the market price of our common stock for reasons unrelated to our business or operating performance. Moreover, the OTCQB is not a stock exchange, and trading of securities on the OTCQB is often more sporadic than the trading of securities listed on a stock exchange like The Nasdaq Capital Market or the NYSE American. These factors may result in investors having difficulty reselling any shares of our common stock.
The outbreak of Coronavirus has led to restrictions on travel and public meetings and has disrupted markets and shipping schedules.
The COVID-19 virus pandemic has created global restrictions on travel and meetings, temporary and permanent closures of businesses and business activities, unemployment, loss of customers and suppliers, and reluctance of business management to make critical commitments and, instead, conserve cash. For example, we have experienced delays in customer acceptance of delivered products and shipment delays from our suppliers or customers’ suppliers, which delays have disrupted ours and our customers’ product development and testing processes. At this stage, we are unable to quantify the impact of the virus on our current or future business, but it could make it extremely difficult to contract with new customers, sell our products or services and manage our supply chain.
We do not intend to pay dividends.
We do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We may not have sufficient funds to legally pay dividends. Even if funds are legally available to pay dividends, we may nevertheless decide in our sole discretion not to pay dividends. The declaration, payment and amount of any future dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors, and will depend upon, among other things, the results of our operations, cash flows and financial condition, operating and capital requirements, and other factors our board of directors may consider relevant. There is no assurance that we will pay any dividends in the future, and, if dividends are paid, there is no assurance with respect to the amount of any such dividend.
Voting power of our shareholders is highly concentrated by insiders.
Our officers, directors and affiliates currently own approximately 41.43% of our outstanding Common Stock eligible to vote. Such concentrated control of the Company may adversely affect the value of our Common Stock. If you acquire our Common Stock, you may have no effective voice in our management. Sales by our insiders or affiliates, along with any other market transactions, could affect the value of our Common Stock.
Our articles of incorporation allow for our board to create a new series of preferred stock without further approval by our stockholders, which could adversely affect the rights of the holders of our Common Stock.
Our Board of Directors has the authority to fix and determine the relative rights and preferences of preferred stock. Our Board of Directors have the authority to issue up to 20,000,000 shares of our preferred stock terms of which may be determined by the Board without further stockholder approval. As a result, our Board of Directors could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock that would grant to holders the preferred right to our assets upon liquidation, the right to receive dividend payments before dividends are distributed to the holders of Common Stock and the right to the redemption of the shares, together with a premium, prior to the redemption of our Common Stock.
In addition, our Board of Directors could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock that has greater voting power than our Common Stock or that is convertible into our Common Stock, which could decrease the relative voting power of our Common Stock or result in dilution to our existing stockholders.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Smaller reporting companies such as us are not required to provide the information required by this item.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our principal executive office is located 1999 S. Bascom Ave., Suite 700, Campbell, CA 95008, and the telephone number at such address is 408-663-5247. The headquarters for KTC are located at 6355 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego CA 92121, and the telephone number at such address is 858-866-8478.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are not currently a party to any legal or administrative proceedings. Our current officers and directors have not been convicted in a criminal proceeding nor have they been permanently or temporarily enjoined, barred, suspended or otherwise limited from involvement in any type of business, securities or banking activities.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market for Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters
Our common stock began trading on OTCQB on July 18, 2018, and currently trades under the symbol “KULR.” The following table sets forth the quarterly high and low sales prices of our common stock since we began trading. Such prices are inter-dealer quotations without retail mark-ups, mark-downs or commissions, and may not represent actual transactions.
Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2021
Quarter Ended High $ Low $
March 31, 2021* $ 3.01 $ 1.19
*through March 10, 2021
Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2020
Quarter Ended High $ Low $
December 31, 2020 $ 2.40 $ 1.01
September 30, 2020 $ 2.14 $ 0.74
June 30, 2020 $ 3.70 $ 0.55
March 31, 2020 $ 1.50 $ 0.75
Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2019
Quarter Ended High $ Low $
December 31, 2019 $ 2.00 $ 1.25
September 30, 2019 $ 1.89 $ 1.05
June 30, 2019 $ 2.50 $ 1.76
March 31, 2019 $ 4.00 $ 1.76
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
As described above, KULR filed the December Information Statement regarding the adoption of the November 5 Resolutions by written consent in lieu of shareholder meeting. As part of the November 5 Resolutions, KULR adopted and ratified the KULR Technology Group 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”). Subject to certain adjustments, the 2018 Plan, the total number of shares of common stock which may be purchased or granted directly under the plan shall not exceed fifteen million (15,000,000). The 2018 Plan is generally administered by the Board or a committee of two (2) or more independent, non-employee directors (the “Plan Committee”). The Board or the Plan Committee, as applicable, has the power to determine the participants (the “Participants”) to whom awards under the 2018 Plan (the “Plan Awards”) shall be made. The 2018 Plan allows for the award of, stock, stock options, and shares of restricted stock. Stock options granted under the Plan may be either incentive stock options (an “ISO”) qualifying under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Codes of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) or non-qualified stock options (a “NQSO”). An ISO may only be issued to employees of KULR. ISOs may be granted to officers or directors, provided they are also employees of KULR.
The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2020, our securities authorized for issuance under any equity compensation plans approved by our stockholders:
Plan Category Number of
securities
to be issued upon
exercise of
outstanding
options,
warrants and
rights
(a) Weighted-average
exercise
price of
outstanding options,
warrants
and rights
(b) Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity
compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in
column (a))
(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders 370,000 $ 0.66 14,211,047
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders - - -
Total 370,000 $ 0.66 14,211,047
Stock Transfer Agent
Our stock transfer agent of our Common Stock is VStock Transfer LLC, located at 18 Lafayette Pl, Woodmere, NY 11598.
Common Shareholders
On March 10, 2021, we had approximately 6,500 record and street shareholders.
Dividends
The Company has not paid any dividends to date. The Company intends to employ all available funds for the growth and development of its business, and accordingly, does not intend to declare or pay any dividends in the foreseeable future.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
During the year ended December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 25,758 shares of our common stock upon conversion of 515 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 56,778 shares of our common stock upon conversion of 5.11 shares of our Series C Preferred Stock.
Effective as of December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 177,885 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 177,885 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.25 per share, upon a deemed automatic conversion of 18.90 shares of our Series C Preferred Stock, after which there remained no further Series C Preferred Stock outstanding. Although the conversion shares were issued subsequent to the deemed automatic conversion, in connection with a registered direct offering that closed on December 31, 2020, the conversions were made effective as of December 31, 2020 pursuant to an automatic conversion feature of the Series C Preferred Stock under which the stated value of each share was converted into the same securities issued in the registered direct offering at an effective conversion price of 85% of the aggregate purchase price of such securities.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 101,453 shares of our common stock to certain consultants for services.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 60,000 shares of our common stock to a consultant, which shares remain subject to clawback during the two-year term of the consultant’s services until the Board, at its sole discretion, determines certain performance milestones have been achieved.
Subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 698,600 shares of our common stock upon conversion of 13,972 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock, after which there remained no further Series B Preferred Stock outstanding.
Subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 20,000 shares of our restricted common stock to our President and Chief Operating Officer, Keith Cochran, for services provided to KULR in January and February 2021.
Subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 2,000,000 shares of our restricted common stock to our President and Chief Operating Officer, which shares will vest in four equal annual installments beginning on March 1, 2022.
All of the previously described issuances of securities were made pursuant to the exemption from registration at Section 4(a)(2) and/or Rule 506 of Regulation D under the Securities Act for either transactions not involving a public offering or for transactions with an “accredited investor” as defined under the Securities Act.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
We are a smaller reporting company, as defined by Rule 229.10(f)(1) and therefore are not required to provide the information required by this Item.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OR PLAN OF OPERATION
The following discussion and analysis of the results of operations and financial condition of KULR Technology Group, Inc. ("KULR") and its wholly-owned subsidiary, KULR Technology Corporation (“KTC”) (collectively referred to as “KULR” or the “Company”) as of and for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes to those consolidated financial statements that are included elsewhere in this Annual Report. References in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations to “us”, “we”, “our” and similar terms refer to the Company. This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains statements that are forward-looking. These statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risk, uncertainties and other factors. These statements are often identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “estimate,” or “continue,” and similar expressions or variations. Actual results could differ materially because of the factors discussed in “Risk Factors” elsewhere in this Annual Report, and other factors that we may not know.
Overview
KULR Technology Group, Inc., through our wholly-owned subsidiary KULR Technology Corporation, develops and commercializes high-performance thermal management technologies for batteries, electronics, and other components across an array of battery-powered applications. For aerospace and Department of Defense (“DOD”) applications, our solutions target high performance applications in direct energy, hypersonic vehicles and satellite communications. For commercial applications, our main focus is a total solution to battery safety and sustainability by which we aim to mitigate the effects of thermal runaway propagation which has been known to cause random fires in lithium-ion (“Li-ion”) batteries. This total battery safety solution can be used for electric vehicles, energy storage, battery recycling transportation, cloud computing and 5G communication devices. Our proprietary core technology is a carbon fiber material that provides what we believe to be superior thermal conductivity and heat dissipation for an ultra-lightweight and pliable material. By leveraging our proprietary cooling solutions that have been developed through longstanding partnerships with advanced technology users like NASA, the Jet Propulsion Lab and others, our products and services make commercial battery powered products safer and electronics systems cooler and lighter.
KULR’s business model continues to evolve from being a component supplier, to providing more design and testing services to our customers. The next step of evolution is to provide total system solutions to address market needs. In order to scale up as a systems provider more quickly and efficiently in (i) the Li-ion battery energy storage and recycling markets, (ii) battery cell design and safety testing, and (iii) advanced thermal management systems, such as hypersonic vehicles, KULR will actively seek partners for joint venture, technology licensing and other strategic partnership models. The goal is to leverage the Company’s thermal design technology expertise to create market leading products, which KULR will take to market directly to capture more value for KULR shareholders.
We have not yet achieved profitability and expect to continue to incur cash outflows from operations, as a result, we will eventually need to generate significant revenues to achieve profitability. Until that time we shall have to continue to raise cash as and when required through the sale of stock.
Recent Developments
Paycheck Protection Program Loan
On April 27, 2020, we received the proceeds of a $155,226 loan in connection with the CARES Act Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) being administered by the Small Business Administration. The Company believes that it will qualify for loan forgiveness under the terms of the PPP Agreement.
COVID-19
In January 2020, an outbreak of a new strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, was identified in Wuhan, China. Through the first quarter of 2020, the disease became widespread around the world, and on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic. Our business is dependent on developing new markets and new products to be used on a global basis, thus restrictions on travel led to reduced demand for our products and interruptions to supply chains. Also, the local regulations such as “Shelter in Place” affected our ability to maintain regular R&D and manufacturing schedules as well as the capability to meet customer demands in a timely manner. Given the uncertainty around the extent and timing of the potential future spread or mitigation of the Coronavirus and around the imposition or relaxation of protective measures, we cannot reasonably estimate the impact to our future results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.
Standby Equity Distribution Agreement and Notes Payable
On February 27, 2020, we entered into a Standby Equity Distribution Agreement (“SEDA”) with YAII PN, Ltd., a Cayman Island exempt limited partnership (“YAII”). Under the terms of this Agreement, the Company raised an aggregate of $2,292,695 from the facility. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had approximately $5,707,305 available in connection with the SEDA, however, so long as warrants issued on December 31, 2020 in an unrelated transaction remain outstanding, the Company may not issue shares in connection with variable rate transactions. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company issued notes to YAII in the aggregate amount of $4,000,000, of which the Company repaid principal on the notes in the aggregate amount of $1,550,000 ($791,000 was repaid from proceeds from the SEDA). Subsequent to December 31, 2020, the Company repaid principal on the notes in the aggregate amount of $1,050,000.
Registered Direct Offering
On December 31, 2020, we closed a registered direct offering conducted pursuant to a securities purchase agreement (“Purchase Agreement”) with the purchasers set forth on the signature page thereto (the “Purchasers”) for the purchase and sale of an aggregate of 6,400,001 shares of our common stock (the “Shares”), and warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 6,400,001 shares of common stock (“Warrants”), at a combined purchase price of $1.25 per Share and Warrant. The aggregate gross proceeds to us were equal to approximately $8 million. The Warrants are immediately exercisable and may be exercised at any time until December 31, 2025, at an exercise price of $1.25 per share. Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC and Maxim Group LLC acted as co-placement agents in connection with the registered direct offering. We paid the co-placement agents a cash fee of 7.0% of the gross proceeds we received under the Purchase Agreement. We also reimbursed the co-placement agents for certain out-of-pocket accountable expenses incurred by them in connection with this offering of $50,000. We paid total approximate offering expenses, other than the placement agent fees, of approximately $170,000, which includes the co-placement agents’ reimbursable expenses, legal, financial advisory fees, accounting, printing costs, listing fees, and various other expenses associated with registering and issuing the shares. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for capital expenditures, as well as for working capital and general corporate purposes.
The Shares and Warrants (and underlying shares) were offered, and will be issued, pursuant to the Prospectus Supplement, dated December 29, 2020, to the Prospectus included in our Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333- 232614) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 11, 2019 and declared effective on August 1, 2019.
Appointment of Keith Cochran
On March 8, 2021, our Board of Directors (the “Board”) appointed Keith Cochran as President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company, to hold office until the earlier of the expiration of the term of office, a successor is duly elected and qualified, or the earlier of such officer’s death, resignation, disqualification, or removal.
As compensation for his services as President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company, Mr. Cochran will receive: (1) a salary of $250,000 per annum and commensurate benefits; (2) 2,000,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock, which shares shall vest, so long as Mr. Cochran remains employed by the Company, in four (4) equal yearly installments, with the first installment amount to vest on March 1, 2022 and annually thereafter; and (3) eligibility, also subject to Mr. Cochran’s continued employment with the Company, for incentive based grants of up to 1,500,000 shares, which shall be earned upon the Company achieving certain market capitalization milestones.
Appointment of Independent Directors
On February 20, 2021, the Board, contingent upon the Company’s common stock being approved for uplisting to a national exchange, approved the appointment of Morio Kurosaki as an independent member of the Board. Mr. Kurosaki will also serve as chair of the Audit Committee. As such, the Board has determined that Mr. Kurosaki is a financial expert within the meaning of SEC regulations. Additionally, Mr. Kurosaki will serve as a member of both the Compensation Committee and the Nominating and Governance Committee.
In connection with his appointments, Mr. Kurosaki will be compensated (1) $10,000 per quarter, beginning on and subject to approval for uplisting, and (2) 20,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock, which shares shall vest equally in 5,000 share increments per quarter beginning on and subject to approval for uplisting.
On February 20, 2021, the Board, contingent upon the Company’s common stock being approved for uplisting to a national exchange, approved the appointment of Stayce D. Harris as an independent member of the Board. Ms. Harris will also serve as chair of the Compensation Committee. Additionally, Ms. Harris will serve as a member of both the Audit Committee and the Nominating and Governance Committee.
In connection with her appointments, Ms. Harris will be compensated (1) $10,000 per quarter, beginning on and subject to approval for uplisting, and (2) 20,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock, which shares shall vest equally in 5,000 share increments per quarter beginning on and subject to approval for uplisting.
On February 20, 2021, the Board, contingent upon the Company’s common stock being approved for uplisting to a national exchange, approved the appointment of Joanna D. Massey as an independent member of the Board. Ms. Massey will also serve as chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee. Additionally, Ms. Massey will serve as a member of both the Audit Committee and the Compensation Committee. ..
In connection with her appointments, and subject to the receipt of her acknowledgment of the same, Ms. Massey will be compensated (1) $10,000 per quarter, beginning on and subject to approval for uplisting, and (2) 20,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock, which shares shall vest equally in 5,000 share increments per quarter beginning on and subject to approval for uplisting.
Conversion of Series C Preferred Stock
During the year ended December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 56,778 shares of our common stock upon voluntary conversions of 5.11 shares of our Series C Preferred Stock.
Effective as of December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 177,885 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 177,885 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.25 per share, upon a deemed automatic conversion of 18.90 shares of our Series C Preferred Stock, after which there remained no further Series C Preferred Stock outstanding. Although the conversion shares were issued subsequent to the deemed automatic conversion, in connection with a registered direct offering that closed on December 31, 2020, the conversions were made effective as of December 31, 2020 pursuant to an automatic conversion feature of the Series C Preferred Stock under which the stated value of each share was converted into the same securities issued in the registered direct offering at an effective conversion price of 85% of the aggregate purchase price of such securities.
Conversion of Series B Preferred Stock
During the year ended December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 25,758 shares of our common stock upon conversion of 515 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock.
Subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2020, KULR issued an aggregate of 698,600 shares of our common stock upon conversion of 13,972 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock, after which there remained no further Series B Preferred Stock outstanding.
Consolidated Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared With Year Ended December 31, 2019
Revenue
Our revenues consisted of the following types:
For the Years Ended
December 31,
Product sales $ 404,467 $ 735,431
Contract services 219,498 94,967
Total revenue $ 623,965 $ 830,398
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, we generated $623,965 and $830,398 of revenues from 25 and 27 customers, respectively, representing a decrease of $206,433, or 25%. Revenue from product sales during the year ended December 31, 2020 decreased by 45% compared to the year ended December 31, 2019, primarily due to a large DOD contract of about $355,000 received during the year ended December 31, 2019. The customer has pushed its next shipment of product to 2021. Product sales during these periods included sales of our component products, CFV thermal management solutions, ISC battery cells and devices, patented technology, and thermal FTI materials. Revenue from services increased by 131% for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2019, due to increased project requirements from some of our new and existing customers. Our service revenues, which include certain research and development contracts and onsite engineering services, were not hampered by restrictions arising from working under COVID-19 shelter-in-place regulations.
We are still in the early stages of business growth and development of customer relationships which typically begin on a project-by-project basis, leading to limited volume trials and eventually, product sales. As a result, in the absence of a large installed customer base, our sales can be lumpy and vary from one period to another.
Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin
Cost of revenues consisted of the cost of our products as well as labor expenses directly related to product sales or research contract services.
Generally, we earn greater margins on revenue from products as compared to revenue from services, so product mix plays an important part in our reported average margins for any period. Also, we are introducing new products at an early stage in our development cycle and the margins earned can vary significantly between periods, customers and products due to the learning process, customer negotiating strengths, and product mix.
Our customers and prospective customers are large organizations with multiple levels of management, controls/procedures, and contract evaluation/authorization. Furthermore, our solutions are new and do not necessarily fit into pre-existing patterns of purchase commitment. Accordingly, the business activity cycle between expression of initial customer interest to shipping, acceptance and billing can be lengthy, unpredictable and lumpy, which can influence the timing, consistency and reporting of sales growth.
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, cost of revenues was $169,016 and $226,505, respectively, representing a decrease of $57,489, or 25%. The decrease was primarily due to reduced costs as a result of reduced revenues. The gross margin percentage was 73% for both of the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Research and Development
Research and development (“R&D”) included expenses incurred in connection with the R&D of our CFV thermal management solution and non-cash stock-based compensation expenses. R&D expenses are expensed as they are incurred.
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, R&D expenses were $289,772 and $502,225, respectively, representing a decrease of $212,453 or 42%. The decrease is attributable to reductions in salaries and other salary related costs, such as payroll taxes and other benefits, implemented during the end of the first quarter of 2020 due to COVID-19, as well as a reduction in head count between the comparable periods.
We expect that our R&D expenses will increase as we expand our future operations.
Selling, General and Administrative
Selling, general and administrative expenses consisted primarily of salaries, payroll taxes and other benefits, legal and professional fees, stock-based compensation, marketing, travel, rent and office expenses.
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, selling, general and administrative expenses were $2,505,609 and $2,080,941, respectively, an increase of $424,668, or 20%. The increase is primarily due to increases of approximately $529,000 for marketing and advertising expense and $262,000 for stock-based compensation related to consultants and employees, partially offset by decreases of approximately $116,000 of travel, meals, and entertainment expense due to COVID-19 restrictions, $99,000 of rent expense due to the termination of an operating lease during the end of the fourth quarter of 2019, $30,000 of professional fees, $98,000 of payroll and benefits due to salary reductions implemented during the end of the first quarter of 2020 as a result of COVID-19, and $17,000 of conference and seminar expenses due to the travel restrictions and stay-at-home orders as a result of COVID-19.
Other (Expenses) Income
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, other expenses were $509,664 and $480, respectively, representing an increase of $509,184. The increase is primarily attributable to the amortization of debt discount recorded in connection with notes payable issued in 2020.	
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had cash balances of $8,880,140 and $108,857, respectively, and working capital (deficit) of $6,202,985 and $(824,481), respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, cash used in operating activities was $2,730,253 and $1,188,339, respectively. Our cash used in operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily attributable to our net loss of $2,850,096, adjusted for non-cash expenses in the aggregate amount of $864,929, as well as $754,086 of net cash used to fund changes in the levels of operating assets and liabilities. Our cash used in operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily attributable to our net loss of $1,979,753, adjusted for non-cash expenses in the aggregate amount of $237,990, as well as $553,424 of net cash provided by changes in the levels of operating assets and liabilities.
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, cash used in investing activities was $46,087 and $0, respectively. Cash used in investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2020 was related to the purchases of equipment.
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, cash provided by financing activities was $11,547,623 and $1,067,300, respectively. Cash provided by financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2020 was due to the net proceeds from notes payable of $3,710,000, proceeds from the Paycheck Protection Program loan of $155,226, proceeds from the sale of our common stock pursuant to the SEDA agreement of $1,501,696, and proceeds from the sale of common stock and warrants received in a public offering of $8,000,001. These amounts were partially offset by $340,000 for the payment of debt issuance costs, $759,000 for the repayments on notes and $720,300 of cash paid in offering costs related to sale of our equity securities. Cash provided by financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2019 was due to the gross proceeds of common stock offering of $898,300 and proceeds from the issuance of our Series C Convertible Preferred Stock of $184,000, partially offset by cash offering costs paid of $15,000.
Subsequent to December 31, 2020, we made cash payments totaling $1,050,000 to pay down a portion of the outstanding principal due under our notes payable.
We have not yet achieved profitability and expect to continue to incur cash outflows from operations. It is expected that our research and development and general and administrative expenses will continue to increase and, as a result, we will eventually need to generate significant revenues and/or raise additional capital to fund our operations. Although our management believes our current cash on hand is sufficient to meet our operating and capital requirements for at least the next twelve months from the date these financial statements are issued, there is no assurance that we will be able to obtain funds on commercially acceptable terms, if at all, on a go-forward basis. If we are unable to obtain adequate funds on reasonable terms, we may be required to significantly curtail or discontinue operations or obtain funds by entering into financing agreements on unattractive terms. Our operating needs include the planned costs to operate our business, including amounts required to fund working capital and capital expenditures.
Our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), which contemplate our continuation as a going concern and the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The carrying amounts of assets and liabilities presented in the consolidated financial statements do not necessarily purport to represent realizable or settlement values.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
There are no off-balance sheet arrangements between us and any other entity that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on financial conditions, changes in financial conditions, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to stockholders.
Critical Accounting Policies
See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of our consolidated financial statements included within this Annual Report for our critical accounting policies.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of our consolidated financial statements included within this Annual Report for a summary of recently issued and adopted accounting pronouncements.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are a smaller reporting company, as defined by Rule 229.10(f)(1) and are not required to provide the information required by this Item.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
See “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements” which appears on page of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) (the “Exchange Act”). Based on the foregoing evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of December 31, 2020, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective at the reasonable assurance level because of the material weakness discussed below.
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we did not design or maintain effective controls to ensure that there is an independent review and approval of electronic payments (wires, EFT’s, ACH’s and credit card payments) as our policy of providing timely support to ensure completeness and accuracy of the payment was not followed.
We are in the process of developing a detailed plan for remediation of the material weakness, including developing and maintaining preventative controls around the electronic payment process to ensure proper segregation of duties. In addition, subsequent to December 31, 2020, we hired a Chief Operating Officer (“COO”) that will assist in providing additional segregation of duties and independent reviews of the internal controls over financial reporting. The COO will provide the leadership and organizational experience necessary to ensure we have proper operational controls and procedures in place to effectively manufacture and automate on a mass scale with sound operating efficiency. We will continue to assess the design and effectiveness of our remediation efforts in connection with our future assessments of internal control over financial reporting.
Notwithstanding the material weakness in internal control over financial reporting described above, our management has concluded that our consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K are fairly stated in all material respects in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on the Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) (2013 Framework). Based on this evaluation under the 2013 Framework, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our internal control over financial reporting were not effective as of December 31, 2020 as a result of the material weakness described above.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Except as disclosed above, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fourth quarter of 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over current or future financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations of the Effectiveness of Controls
Management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, is based upon certain assumptions and can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that its objectives will be met. Further, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.
Attestation Report of Registered Public Accounting Firm
This Annual Report does not contain an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm related to internal control over financial reporting because the rules for smaller reporting companies provide an exemption from the attestation requirement.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Executive Officers and Directors
Our executive officers and directors and their ages are as follows:
Name
Age
Office
Michael Mo
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
Dr. Timothy Knowles
Director, Chief Technical Officer and Secretary
Simon Westbrook
Chief Financial Officer
Keith Cochran
President and Chief Operating Officer
Michael Carpenter
Vice President of Engineering
The term of office for each director is one year, or until the next annual meeting of the stockholders.
Michael Mo was appointed CEO and Director of the Company on March 16, 2011, is a technology entrepreneur and successful investor with over 20 years of experience in technology management, product development and marketing. In 2013, he co-founded KULR and has been serving as its CEO since then. From 2007 to 2015, Mr. Mo served as Senior Director of Business Development at Amlogic, Inc., a California high-tech company. In 2005, Mr. Mo founded Sympeer Technology and served as its CEO until 2008. In 1998, he founded Wish Solutions, and served as its CEO until 2001. Mr. Mo received his Master of Science in Electrical Engineering from the University of California at Santa Barbara in 1995.
Timothy R. Knowles was appointed CTO and Director of the Company, has over 30 Years of Thermal Management R&D and product development experience for the most challenging space and industrial applications. He conducted research and built building products for various space and industrial customers such as NASA, Boeing, Raytheon, Jet Propulsion Lab, and others. Since 1983, Dr. Knowles has been working as President at ESLI. In addition, in 2013, Dr. Knowles co-founded KULR and has been serving as its CTO since then. From 1977 to 1983, he was a postdoctoral research physicist at Hamburg University. Mr. Knowles received Ph.D. in Physics from University of California San Diego in 1977 and B.S. in Physics from University of Southern California in 1969.
Simon Westbrook was appointed Chief Financial Officer on March 15, 2018. In 2009, Mr. Westbrook founded and has since served as an officer of Aargo, Inc., a company specializing in financial consulting services to corporations in various tech-related industries. Prior to Aargo, Inc., Mr. Westbrook was CFO of Amber Networks, Inc., and the Chief Financial Officer of Sage, Inc. (NASDAQ: SAGI), a Silicon Valley company specializing in flat panel displays. Before joining Sage, Mr. Westbrook held a number of senior financial positions at Creative Technology (NASDAQ: CREAF), a leading PC multimedia company, and Atari Corp (AMEX: ATC), the video game and home computer company both in the USA and overseas. At various times, he has held positions as an advisory board member of the Silicon Valley Financial Executives Institute, and various technology start-up companies where he has assisted in strategic planning, fund raising and team development. Simon is a Chartered Accountant and holds a Master’s in Economics from Trinity College, Cambridge University.
Keith Cochran was appointed President and Chief Operating Officer effective March 1, 2021. Mr. Cochran spent twenty-four years in various management roles at Jabil Greenpoint (NYSE: JBL) and most recently as Senior Vice President of its Global Business Unit in Singapore, where he led a smartphone technology division responsible for $3.7 billion in revenues. Mr. Cochran is based in the United States and has vast international experience working with partners in Singapore, India, Brazil, Mexico, China, France, Hungary and other countries. Mr. Cochran has a Bachelor of Science in Business Operations from Devry Institute of Technology.
Michael G. Carpenter serves as KULR’s Vice President of Engineering. Mr. Carpenter has been employed by ESLI since December 1983, serving as Director of the PCM Heatsink Group, Quality Manager, Facility Security Officer (FSO) in the Defense Industrial Security Program from 1988 to 1995. He also has been served as Safety Officer since he joined ESLI in 1983. Mr. Carpenter received his B.S. in Applied Mechanics from the University of California, San Diego in 1983.
The Company’s directors are elected at the annual meeting of shareholders to hold office until the annual meeting of shareholders for the ensuing year or until their successors have been duly elected and qualified. Officers are elected annually by the Board of Directors and serve at the discretion of the Board.
Director Independence
Currently no directors would qualify as independent as defined under NASDAQ Marketplace Rules. Our directors believe that retaining one or more additional directors who would qualify as independent as defined in the NASDAQ Marketplace Rules would be overly costly and burdensome and not warranted in the circumstances given the current stage of the Company’s development.
Family Relationships
There are no family relationships between any director and executive officer.
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
Our directors, executive officers and control persons have not been involved in any of the following events during the past five years:
● any bankruptcy petition filed by or against any business of which such person was a general partner or executive officer either at the time of the bankruptcy or within two years prior to that time;
● any conviction in a criminal proceeding or being subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses);
● being subject to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting his involvement in any type of business, securities or banking activities; or
● being found by a court of competent jurisdiction (in a civil action), the SEC or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or vacated.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Compliance
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our directors and executive officers and persons who own more than 10% of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock to file reports of initial ownership of common stock and other equity securities and subsequent changes in that ownership with the SEC. Officers, directors and greater than ten percent stockholders are required by SEC regulation to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file. To our knowledge, during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, our officers, directors and greater than 10% beneficial owners have complied with all applicable filing requirements of Section 16(a).
Code of Ethics
We do not currently have a Code of Ethics, as defined under the rules and regulations of the Exchange Act. The Company does not believe a Code of Ethics is necessary at this time.
Nomination Process
As of December 31, 2020, we did not affect any material changes to the procedures by which stockholders may recommend nominees to the Board of Directors. We do not have any defined policy or procedure requirements for stockholders to submit recommendations or nominations for directors. The Board of Directors believes that, given the current stage of our development, a specific nominating policy would be premature and of little assistance until our operations develop to a more advanced level. We do not currently have any specific or minimum criteria for the election of nominees to the Board of Directors and there is no specific process or procedure for evaluating such nominees. The board of directors assesses all candidates, whether submitted by management or stockholders, and makes recommendations for election or appointment.
A stockholder who wishes to communicate with the Board of Directors may do so by directing a written request addressed to our Chief Executive Officer at the address appearing on the face page of this annual report.
Committees of the Board
We currently do not have nominating, compensation or audit committee, or committees performing similar functions, nor do we have a written nominating, compensation or audit committee charter. The Board of Directors does not believe that it is necessary to have such committees at this time because it believes that the functions of such committees can be adequately performed by the Board of Directors.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Summary Compensation Table
The following Summary Compensation Table sets forth all compensation earned in all capacities during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 by (i) our principal executive officer, (ii) our two most highly compensated executive officers, other than our principal executive officer, who were serving as executive officers as of December 31, 2020 and whose total compensation for the 2019 fiscal year, as determined by Regulation S-K, Item 402, exceeded $100,000, (iii) a person who would have been included as one of our two most highly compensated executive officers, other than our principal executive officer, but for the fact that he was not serving as one of our executive officers as of December 31, 2020 (the individuals falling within categories (i), (ii) and (iii) are collectively referred to as the “Named Executive Officers”):
Name and Principal Position Year Salary Bonus Total Earned
Michael Mo $ 137,931 $ - $ 137,931 (1)
Chief Executive Officer $ 161,785 $ - $ 161,785 (2)
Timothy Knowles $ 56,893 $ - $ 56,893 (3)
Chief Technology Officer $ 141,353 $ - $ 141,353 (4)
Michael Carpenter $ 92,178 $ - $ 92,178
VP of Engineering $ 124,459 $ - $ 124,459
(1) Cash compensation paid during 2020 was $356,895, of which $137,931 and $218,964 was earned in 2020 and prior years, respectively, and none remains unpaid as of December 31, 2020.
(2) Of the aggregate $161,785 earned during 2019, cash compensation paid during 2019 and 2020 was $28,154 and $135,425, respectively, and none remains unpaid as of December 31, 2020.
(3) Of the aggregate $56,893 earned during 2020, cash compensation paid during 2020 was $56,893. As of December 31, 2020, $108,910 remains unpaid, which includes unpaid compensation that was earned in 2019 and prior years
(4) Of the aggregate $141,353 earned during 2019, cash compensation paid during 2019 was $70,680 and $70,673 remains unpaid as of December 31, 2020.
Bonuses
Any bonuses granted in the future will relate to meeting certain performance criteria that are directly related to areas within the named executive’s responsibilities with the Company. As we continue to grow, more defined bonus programs may be established to attract and retain our employees at all levels.
Equity Compensation Plans
On August 15 and November 5, 2018, the Board of Directors and a majority of the Company’s shareholders, respectively, approved the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”). Under the 2018 Plan, 15,000,000 shares of common stock of the Company are authorized for issuance. The 2018 Plan provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, rights to purchase common stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, and restricted stock units to employees, directors and consultants of the Company and its affiliates. The 2018 Plan requires the exercise price of stock options to be not less than the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.
Compensation of Directors
Because we are still in the development stage, our directors do not receive any compensation other than reimbursement for expenses incurred during the performance of their duties or their separate duties as officers of the Company.
Employment Contracts; Termination of Employment and Change-in-Control Arrangements
We have not entered into employment agreements with our officers and directors and our Board of Directors has the sole discretion to pay salaries and incentive bonuses, including merit-based cash and equity bonuses.

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The following table provides the names and addresses of each person known to us who own more than 5% of the outstanding common stock as of the date of this annual report, and by our officers and directors. Except as otherwise indicated, all shares are owned directly. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each of the persons shown is c/o KULR Technology Group, Inc., 1999 S. Bascom Ave. Suite 700. Campbell, CA 95008.
Amount of
Name of Beneficial Owner
Beneficial Ownership
Percentage Ownership (1)
Michael Mo (2) - CEO and Chairman
21,400,000
23.63 %
Dr. Timothy Knowles (3) - CTO and Director
15,600,000
17.22 %
Simon Westbrook - CFO
-
-
Keith Cochran (4) - President and COO
80,000
*
Michael Carpenter - VP of Engineering
500,000
*
All directors and executive officers as a group (5 persons)
37,580,000
41.49 %
* Less than 1%
(1) The percent of class is based on 90,567,200 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of March 18, 2021 but does not include 2,060,000 shares that are not vested and cannot be voted.
(2) Consists of: 20,000,000 shares held directly by Mr. Mo and 1,400,000 shares held jointly by Mr. Mo and his spouse, Linda Mo, and excludes shares held by Mr. Mo’s son Alexander Mo and shares held by Mr. Mo’s son Brandon Mo, over which shares Mr. Mo disclaims beneficial ownership, as Mr. Mo has no control over the dispositive or voting power over the shares and his sons no longer live in the same household as Mr. Mo.
(3) Consists of 15,600,000 shares held directly by Mr. Knowles and excludes 1,500,000 shares held by Mr. Knowles daughter, Sonja Irene Knowles, over which shares Mr. Knowles disclaims beneficial ownership, as Mr. Knowles has no control over the dispositive or voting power over the shares and his daughter no longer lives in the same household as Mr. Knowles.
(4) Does not include 2,000,000 restricted stock grants that vest in four equal annual installments beginning on March 1, 2022.
Change in Control
We are not aware of any arrangement that might result in a change in control of the Company.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
On June 19, 2017, we acquired all the issued and outstanding shares of KULR pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement in exchange for the issuance of 50,000,000 of our Common Stock and KULR became our wholly owned subsidiary. Our Chief Executive Officer and Director, Michael Mo, and various members of his family were among the shareholders of KULR that entered into the Share Exchange Agreement along with our Chief Technical Officer and Director, Timothy Knowles, and various members of his family. Furthermore, Mr. Mo was an officer and director of both the Company and KULR prior to and after entering into the Share Exchange Agreement. Dr. Knowles was an officer and director of KULR prior to and after entering into the Share Exchange Agreement and became an officer and director of the Company after the closing of the Share Exchange Agreement.
On December 28, 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the issuance of one million (1,000,000) shares of its Series A Preferred Stock to its Chief Executive Officer, Michael Mo, in the future as a measure to protect the Company from an uninvited takeover. The rights, limitations and preferences of the Series A Preferred Stock, including the rights of its holders to cast one hundred (100) votes for each share of Series A Preferred Stock, are set forth in the Certificate of Designation of Series A Voting Preferred Stock, which was filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC as of June 12, 2017 and is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
The following is a summary of the fees billed or expected to be billed to us for professional services rendered with respect to the fiscal years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
For the Fiscal Year Ended
December 31,
Audit Fees $ 156,936 $ 173,501
Tax Fees 6,825 22,850
Total $ 163,761 $ 196,351
Audit Fees
Audit fees consist of fees billed for services rendered by our independent auditors during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 for the audit and review of our financial statements.
Tax Fees
Tax fees consist of fees billed for services rendered by our tax preparers during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 in connection with the preparation and filing of our income tax returns.
Pre-Approval Policies
Our Board of Directors, who acts as our audit committee, has adopted a policy governing the pre-approval by the Board of Directors of all services, audit and non-audit, to be provided to our Company by our independent auditors. Under the policy, the Board of Directors has pre-approved the provision by our independent auditors of specific audit, audit related, tax and other non-audit services as being consistent with auditor independence. Requests or applications to provide services that require the specific pre-approval of the board of directors must be submitted to the Board of Directors by the independent auditors, and the independent auditors must advise the board of directors as to whether, in the independent auditor’s view, the request or application is consistent with the SEC’s rules on auditor independence.
The Board of Directors has considered the nature and amount of the fees billed by Marcum and believes that the provision of the services for activities unrelated to the audit is compatible with maintaining the independence of Marcum.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Exhibit
No.
Description
2.1
Share Exchange Agreement, dated June 8, 2017 (1)
3.1
Articles of Incorporation of the Company (2)
3.2
Bylaws of the Company (2)
3.3
Certificate of Incorporation of KULR Technology Corporation (3)
3.4
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of KULR Technology Corporation (3)
3.5
By-laws of KULR Technology Corporation (3)
3.6
Certificate of Designation of Series A Voting Preferred Stock, filed on June 6, 2017 (1)
3.7
Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation, effective August 30, 2018 (8)
3.8
Certificate of Designation of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, filed on December 6, 2018 (9)
3.9
Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation, effective December 31, 2018 (10)
3.10
Certificate of Designation of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, filed on August 19, 2019 (11)
4.1
Description of registrant’s securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934*
10.1
License and Development Agreement, dated April 15, 2013 (3)
10.2
Consulting Agreement, dated April 15, 2013 (3)
10.3
Letter of Intent by and between the Company and E3 Enterprise, dated April 20, 2016 (4)
10.4
Letter of Intent by and between the Company and KULR Technology Corporation (5)
10.5
Patent Assignment Agreement, dated November 10, 2016 (3)
10.6
Promissory Note issued by KULR Technology Corporation, dated March 31, 2017 (6)
10.7
Promissory Note issued by KULR Technology Corporation, dated June 8, 2017 (1)
10.8
Consulting Agreement, dated March 15, 2018 (7)
10.9
KULR Technology Group Equity Incentive Plan (12)
10.10
Securities Purchase Agreement dated April 2, 2019 (13)
10.11
Subscription Agreement, as supplemented, for Common Stock Offering (14)
10.12
Rescission and Termination Agreement dated July 5, 2019 (15)
10.13
Form of Subscription Agreement (16)
10.14
Form of Warrant (16)
10.15
Standby Equity Distribution Agreement dated February 27, 2020 (17)
10.16
Note Purchase Agreement dated February 27, 2020 (17)
10.17
Promissory Note dated February 27, 2020 (17)
10.18
Note Purchase Agreement dated July 20, 2020 (18)
10.19
Promissory Note dated July 20, 2020 (18)
10.20
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement (19)
10.21
Form of Warrant (19)
10.22
Co-Placement Agency Agreement (19)
21.1
List of Subsidiaries (3)
23.1
Consent of Marcum LLP*
31.1
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
31.2
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
32.1
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
101.INS
XBRL Instance*
101.SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema*
101.CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation*
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition*
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels*
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation*
* Filed herewith.
(1) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on June 12, 2017 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(2) Previously filed as an exhibit on Form 10-12G on January 7, 2016 (File No.: 000-55564) and incorporated herein by this reference.
(3) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on June 19, 2017 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(4) Previously filed on Form S-1 on June 28, 2016 (File No.: 333-212272) and incorporated herein by this reference.
(5) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on November 3, 2016 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(6) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on April 5, 2017 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(7) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on March 15, 2018 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(8) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on August 30, 2018 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(9) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on December 6, 2018 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(10) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on January 7, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(11) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on August 23, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(12) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form S-8 on October 9, 2018 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(13) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on April 3, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(14) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 10-Q on May 14, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(15) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on July 5, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(16) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on December 5, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference.
(17)
(18)
(19)
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on March 4, 2020 and incorporated herein by this reference.
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on July 21, 2020 and incorporated herein by this reference.
Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on December 31, 2020 and incorporated herein by this reference.