EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1164863
Filing Year: 2023
Filename: 1164863_10-K_2023_0001164863-23-000028.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
As used in this report, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “EnPro” and “Company” mean EnPro Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries (unless the context indicates another meaning). The term “common stock” means the common stock of EnPro Industries, Inc., par value $0.01 per share.
Background
We were incorporated under the laws of the State of North Carolina on January 11, 2002, as a wholly owned subsidiary of Goodrich Corporation (“Goodrich”). The incorporation was in anticipation of Goodrich’s announced distribution of its Engineered Industrial Products segment to existing Goodrich shareholders. The distribution took place on May 31, 2002.
Today, we are a leading-edge industrial technology company focused on critical applications across a diverse group of growing end markets such as semiconductor, photonics, industrial process, aerospace, food, biopharma and life sciences. EnPro is a leader in applied engineering and designs, develops, manufactures, and markets proprietary, value-added products and solutions that contribute key functionality or safeguard a variety of critical environments. Over the past several years, we have executed several strategic initiatives to create a portfolio of businesses that offers proprietary, industrial technology-related products and solutions with high barriers to entry, compelling margins, strong cash flow, and perpetual recurring/aftermarket revenue in markets with favorable secular tailwinds. These initiatives, described in “Acquisitions” and “Dispositions” below, have increased our ability to provide solutions to the semiconductor, life sciences, and other technology industries. As of December 31, 2022, our continuing operations had 13 primary manufacturing and service facilities (approximately 50,000 square feet or larger) located in 6 countries, including the United States.
Our sales from continuing operations by geographic region in 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:
2022 2021 2020
(in millions)
United States $ 687.4 $ 445.7 $ 477.7
Europe 139.7 132.7 117.5
Other 272.1 262.0 204.8
Total $ 1,099.2 $ 840.4 $ 800.0
We maintain an Internet website at www.enproindustries.com. We will make this annual report, in addition to our other annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to these reports, available free of charge on our website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). Our Corporate Governance Guidelines and the charters for each of our Board Committees (Audit and Risk Management, Compensation and Human Resources, Executive, and Nominating and Corporate Governance committees) are also available on our website, and copies of this information are available in print to any shareholder who requests it. Information included on or linked to our website is not incorporated by reference into this annual report.
Acquisitions
On December 17, 2021, our direct, wholly owned subsidiary, EnPro Holdings, Inc. ("EnPro Holdings"), completed the acquisition of all issued and outstanding membership interests of TCFII NxEdge LLC (“NxEdge”). NxEdge is headquartered in Boise, Idaho and operates six main facilities located in California and Idaho. NxEdge is an advanced manufacturing, cleaning, coating, and refurbishment business serving the semiconductor industry. NxEdge produces and services components used in advanced nodes (<14nm) for leading-edge semiconductor processes, offers technically advanced coatings and surface treatments along with refurbishment services and spare parts. NxEdge is included as part of our Advanced Surface Technologies segment. We paid $853.9 million, net of cash acquired, for the business.
On October 26, 2020, a subsidiary of EnPro formed for this purpose (the "Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary") acquired all of the equity securities of Alluxa, Inc. ("Alluxa"), a privately held, California-based company. Alluxa is an industrial technology company that provides specialized optical filters and thin-film coatings for the most challenging applications in the industrial technology, life sciences, semiconductor, defense, and communications markets. Alluxa's products are developed through a
proprietary coating process using state-of-the-art advanced equipment. Alluxa is included as part of the Advanced Surface Technologies segment.
Alluxa works in collaboration with customers across major end markets to provide customized, complex precision coating solutions through its specialized technology platform and proprietary processes. Alluxa has long-standing customer relationships across its diversified customer base, serving customers across the Americas, Europe, and Asia. Founded in 2007, Alluxa has two locations in California and is headquartered in Santa Rosa, California.
The cash purchase price of Alluxa was $238.4 million, net of cash acquired. We funded the purchase with available cash and rollover equity from Alluxa executives. In connection with the completion of the transaction, we entered into a limited liability operating agreement with respect to the Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary in connection with the rollover transaction, with three equity owners of Alluxa, who were also executives of Alluxa, receiving approximately 7% of the equity interests of the Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary in return for their contribution of the rollover shares of Alluxa.
In September 2019, Lunar Investment LLC ("Lunar"), a subsidiary of EnPro, acquired all of the equity securities of LeanTeq Co, LTD. and its affiliate LeanTeq LLC (collectively referred to as "LeanTeq"). As part of the transaction, two of the equity owners of LeanTeq, who were executives of the acquired entity (the "LeanTeq Executives"), acquired approximately a 10% ownership share of Lunar in the form of rollover equity. Founded in 2011 and headquartered in Taoyuan City, Taiwan, LeanTeq has two locations in Taiwan and one in the United States (Silicon Valley). LeanTeq primarily provides refurbishment solutions for critical components and assemblies used in state-of-the-art semiconductor manufacturing equipment. This equipment is used to produce technologically advanced microchips for smartphones, autonomous vehicles, high-speed wireless connectivity, artificial intelligence, and other leading-edge applications. LeanTeq partners closely with original equipment manufacturers throughout the development and production lifecycle to achieve Process of Record qualifications, enabling long-term, recurring aftermarket revenue. Aftermarket refurbishment solutions have historically represented approximately 65% of LeanTeq's total sales. LeanTeq’s suite of solutions includes cleaning, coating, analytical testing, inspection and verification, kit assembly, failure analysis, and other value-added solutions. LeanTeq is included as part of our Advanced Surface Technologies segment. During the fourth quarter of 2022, EnPro acquired all the shares of Lunar owned by the LeanTeq Executives and became sole owner of LeanTeq.
Dispositions
During the third quarter of 2022, we entered into an agreement to sell our GGB business and announced our intention to sell Garlock Pipeline Technologies, Inc. (GPT). These businesses, along with Compressor Products International (CPI), which was divested on December 21, 2021, comprised our entire Engineered Materials segment ("Engineered Materials"). As a result of classifying the GGB and GPT businesses as held for sale in the third quarter of 2022, we determined Engineered Materials to be a discontinued operation. Unless otherwise indicated, amounts provided in Part I pertain to continuing operations only (see Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for information on discontinued operations and the related disposition of those operations).
The sale of GGB closed on November 4, 2022 to The Timken Company for total proceeds of $305 million, subject to closing date purchase price adjustments. The pre-tax gain on the disposition of GGB recognized in the fourth quarter of 2022 was $189.1 million.
The sale of GGB included a subsidiary of our Sealing Technologies segment which is not part of the discontinued operations described above. The results of operations of this subsidiary are included in continuing operations for all periods being reported. As a result of this sale, we recorded a $0.4 million loss in the fourth quarter of 2022 in other expense in our consolidated statement of operations.
During January 2023 we completed the sale of our GPT business for approximately $31 million resulting in a pretax gain of approximately $14 million to be recorded in the first quarter of 2023. Net cash proceeds after selling expenses was approximately $28 million.
On October 12, 2021, we entered into an Equity and Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) providing for the sale of specified equity interests and assets of our Compressor Products International business ("CPI Business"), which had been included in our Engineered Materials segment. The sale closed on December 21, 2021 and we recorded a pretax gain of $117.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2021 as a result of this transaction.
In September 2, 2021, we sold certain assets and liabilities of our polymer components business unit, which was principally located in Houston, Texas and had been included in our Sealing Technologies segment. As a result of the sale, we recorded a pre-tax gain of $19.5 million in other income (expense) on our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
On December 31, 2020, we sold the shares of Technetics Group UK Limited ("Technetics Group UK"), a manufacturer of elastomeric components primarily for use in the aerospace industry, which had been included in our Sealing Technologies segment, for a nominal cash purchase price. As part of the agreement with the buyer, we delivered to the buyer £148,000 of cash to fund value added tax ("VAT") payments due for VAT liabilities already incurred and £50,000 for working capital. We incurred a loss upon the sale of approximately £976,000 ($1.3 million).
On November 20, 2020, we completed the sale of the Air Springs portion of our heavy-duty trucking business for $23.1 million in cash, net of an estimated working capital adjustment and fees, and a long-term promissory note with a fair-value of $6.4 million (face value of $7.5 million). As part of the agreement with the buyer, we retained the U.S. accounts receivable for the business, which created a large working capital adjustment at closing. The amount of retained accounts receivable in the U.S. was approximately $8.6 million, of which approximately $2.0 million was outstanding at December 31, 2020. We recorded a $0.1 million non-cash loss on sale of this business, which had been included in our Sealing Technologies segment, in the fourth quarter of 2020. Upon the resolution of all remaining open items, we recorded an additional loss of $2.1 million in the first quarter of 2021.
In August of 2020, subsequent to announcing the exit of our Motor Wheel® brake drum and Crewson® brake adjuster brands in the second quarter of 2020, we identified a buyer and entered into a definitive agreement to sell the assets related to the businesses. On September 2, 2020, we completed the sale for $8.9 million, net of transaction fees. This transaction resulted in a $3.1 million loss on sale of the business in other non-operating expense on our consolidated statements of operations, composed of a $3.0 million non-cash loss on the sales of assets and a $0.1 million loss on other expenses. Prior to finding a buyer of the brands, we determined the assets were impaired and recorded restructuring and impairment charges of $7.4 million in other operating expenses on our consolidated statements of operations. Total losses on the exit of our Motor Wheel® brake drum and Crewson® brake adjuster brands, which had been included in our Sealing Technologies segment, recorded in 2020 were $10.5 million.
In the second quarter of 2020, we entered into an agreement to sell the Lunar® air disc brake business located in both the U.S. and in Shanghai, China. The sale of the U.S. assets of the business closed in the third quarter of 2020 for $0.3 million, resulting in a gain of $0.2 million recorded in non-operating income on our consolidated statement of operations. The sale of the Lunar® manufacturing facility located in Shanghai, China closed in the fourth quarter of 2020 for $0.9 million, resulting in no gain or loss. Prior to closing on the sale of the business, we determined the assets to be impaired and recorded a $2.1 million impairment charge, of which $1.6 million was related to impairment of long-lived assets and $0.5 million related to the impairment of inventory. The impairment of long-lived assets was recorded in other operating expense and the impairment of inventory was recorded in cost of sales on our consolidated statement of operations. Total net loss related to the exit of the Lunar® air disc brake business, which had been included in our Sealing Technologies segment, was $1.9 million.
On December 12, 2019, certain of our subsidiaries entered into a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement with Arcline FM Holdings, LLC (“Arcline FM Holdings”), an affiliate of Arcline Investment Management, LP, pursuant to which we sold all of the outstanding equity interests in our indirect subsidiary, Fairbanks Morse, LLC (“Fairbanks Morse”), to Arcline FM Holdings and caused one of our subsidiaries to sell certain related Canadian assets to an affiliate of Arcline FM Holdings, for an aggregate sales price of $450 million. This divestiture transaction was completed on January 21, 2020. Fairbanks Morse manufactured heavy-duty, medium-speed reciprocating engines used primarily in marine and power generation applications and comprised our entire Power Systems segment. In light of the entry into the definitive agreement in December 2019 to divest Fairbanks Morse, we classified the Power Systems segment as a discontinued operation for the fourth quarter and full year 2019, and all prior quarterly and annual financial results of EnPro have been recast to reflect the Power Systems segment as a discontinued operation. We recorded a pretax gain of $274.3 million in the first quarter of 2020 as a result of this transaction.
Operations
We manage our business as two segments: a Sealing Technologies segment and an Advanced Surface Technologies segment. Our reportable segments are managed separately based on differences in their respective products and solutions and end-customers. For financial information with respect to our business segments, see Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Results of Operations,” and Note 19 to our Consolidated Financial Statements. Item 7 contains information about sales and profits for each segment, and Note 19 contains information about each segment’s sales by major end market, capital expenditures, depreciation and amortization, and assets.
Sales by market for the year ended December 31, 2022 were as follows:
Year Ended December 31, 2022
(in millions)
Total % of Total
Aerospace $ 47.3 4%
Chemical and material processing 77.6 7%
Food and pharmaceutical 70.8 7%
General industrial 190.7 17%
Medium-duty/heavy-duty truck 191.2 17%
Oil and gas 26.6 3%
Power generation 43.2 4%
Semiconductors 437.0 40%
Other 14.8 1%
Total third-party sales $ 1,099.2 100%
Sealing Technologies Segment
Overview. Our Sealing Technologies segment includes three operating divisions, Garlock, Technetics and Stemco, that design and manufacture value-added products and solutions that safeguard a variety of critical environments, including: metallic, non-metallic and composite material gaskets, dynamic seals, compression packing, resilient metal seals, elastomeric seals, custom-engineered mechanical seals for applications in the aerospace industry and other markets, hydraulic components, expansion joints, sanitary gaskets, hoses and fittings for the hygienic process industries, fluid transfer products for the pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical industries, and heavy-duty commercial vehicle parts used in wheel-end and suspension components that customers rely upon to ensure safety on our roadways. These products are used in a variety of markets, including chemical and petrochemical processing, nuclear energy, food and biopharmaceutical processing, primary metal manufacturing, mining, water and waste treatment, heavy-duty trucking, aerospace, medical, filtration and semiconductor fabrication. In all of these industries, performance and durability of our proprietary products and solutions are vital for the safety and environmental protection of our customers processes. Many of our products and solutions are used in highly demanding applications and often in incredibly harsh environments, e.g., where extreme temperatures, extreme pressures, corrosive environments, strict tolerances, and/or worn equipment create challenges for product performance. Sealing Technologies offers customers widely recognized applied engineering, innovation, process know how and enduring reliability, driving a lasting aftermarket for many of our solutions. Aftermarket or recurring revenue approximates two-thirds of our Sealing Technologies segment.
Garlock consists of two companies: Garlock Sealing Technologies and Garlock Hygienic Technologies, which includes Rubber Fab and The Aseptic Group. Together, they design, manufacture and sell fluid process solutions, including: single-use hygienic seals, tubing, components and assemblies; metallic, non-metallic and composite material gaskets; dynamic seals; compression packing; hydraulic components; expansion joints; and wall penetration products.
Gasket products are used for sealing flange joints in chemical, petrochemical and pulp and paper processing facilities where high pressures, high temperatures and corrosive chemicals create the need for specialized and highly engineered sealing products. Our products are also used in sanitary markets such as food and beverage and pharmaceuticals where product integrity and safety are extremely important. We sell these gasket products under a number of brand names, including Garlock®, Gylon®, Blue-Gard®, LubriKup®, ONE-UP®, Bio-Pro®, Tuf-Steel®, Detectomer®, and LINK-SEAL®. These products have a long-standing reputation for performance and reliability within the industries we serve.
Dynamic elastomeric seals are used in rotating applications to contain the lubricants that protect the bearings from excessive friction and heat generation. Because these sealing products are utilized in dynamic applications, they are subject to wear. Durability, performance, and reliability are, therefore, critical requirements of our customers. These rotary seals are used in demanding applications in the steel, machine building, and mining and pulp and paper processing industries under the well-known brand names Klozure® and PS Seal.
Compression packing is used to provide sealing in pressurized, static and dynamic applications such as pumps and valves. Major markets for compression packing products are the pulp and paper, mining, petrochemical and hydrocarbon processing industries. Branded products for these markets include 9000 EVSP®, Quickset®, and Graph-lock®.
Technetics designs, manufactures and sells high performance metal seals, mechanical seals, and elastomeric seals. These products are used in extreme applications for a variety of industries, including semiconductor, aerospace, power generation, oil and gas, life sciences and other markets. Brands include HELICOFLEX®, TEXEAL®, FELTMETAL™, CEFILAC GPA®, Qualiseal®, CEFIL'AIR®, and ORIGRAF®.
Stemco designs, manufactures and sells commercial vehicle components and systems including: preadjusted hub systems; seals; hubcaps; mileage tracking products; bearings; locking fasteners; suspension components, such as steering knuckle king-pins and bushings, spring pins and bushings and other polymer bushing components. Its products primarily serve the medium and heavy-duty commercial vehicle market. Product brands include STEMCO®, STEMCO Kaiser®, Trifecta™, Discover®, QWICKTIE®, GritGuard®, Guardian HP®, Voyager®, Discover®, Pro-Torq®, Zip-Torq®, Sentinel®, Defender™, DataTrac®, and QwikKit®.
Customers. Our Sealing Technologies segment sells products and solutions to industrial agents and distributors, original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”), engineering and construction firms and end users worldwide. Solutions are offered to a broad range of global customers, with approximately 45% of sales delivered to customers outside the United States in 2022. Representative customers include Sanofi, Motion Industries, Applied Industrial Technologies, Electricite de France, AREVA S.A., Bayer AG, BASF SE, Chevron Corporation, General Electric Company, Georgia-Pacific Corporation, Eastman Chemical Company, Exxon Mobil Corporation, Minara Resources, Queensland Alumina, AK Steel Corporation, Volvo Corporation, Wabash Trailer, Great Dane Trailer, Mack Volvo Corporation, Daimler Corporation, PACCAR, Carlisle Interconnect Technologies, Schlumberger, and Flextronics.
Competition. Differentiation in the markets we serve is based on proven product performance and reliability, as well as price, customer service, application expertise, technical support, delivery terms, breadth of product offering, reputation for quality, and the availability of product. Our leading brand names, including Garlock®, Technetics®, and STEMCO®, have been built upon long-standing reputations for reliability and durability. In addition, the breadth, performance and quality of our product offerings allow us to achieve premium pricing and have made us a preferred supplier among our agents and distributors. We believe that our record of product performance in the major markets in which this segment operates is a significant competitive advantage for us. Major competitors include A.W. Chesterton Company, Klinger Group, Teadit, Lamons, SIEM/Flexitallic, SKF USA Inc., Consolidated Metco, Firestone, Saint-Gobain, Eaton Corporation, Parker Hannifin Corporation, and Miropro Co. Ltd.
Raw Materials and Components. Our Sealing Technologies segment uses PTFE resins, aramid fibers, specialty elastomers, elastomeric compounds, graphite and carbon, common and exotic metals, cold-rolled steel, leather, aluminum die castings, nitrile rubber, powdered metal components, and various fibers and resins. We believe that these raw materials and components are generally available from various suppliers, though sources for certain raw materials and components are limited.
Advanced Surface Technologies Segment
Overview. Our Advanced Surface Technologies segment includes four operating businesses, NxEdge, Technetics Semi, LeanTeq, and Alluxa that apply proprietary technologies, processes, and capabilities to deliver a highly differentiated suite of products and solutions for the most challenging applications in high growth markets. The segment’s products and solutions are used in highly demanding environments requiring performance, precision and repeatability, with a low tolerance for failure. The segment’s solutions include cleaning, coating, testing, refurbishment and verification for critical components and assemblies used in state-of-the-art advanced node semiconductor manufacturing equipment. It designs, manufactures and sells specialized optical filters and proprietary thin-film coatings for the most challenging applications in the industrial technology, life sciences, and semiconductor markets and complex front-end wafer processing sub-systems, new and refurbished electrostatic chuck pedestals, and edge-welded metal bellows for the semiconductor equipment industry and for critical applications in the space, aerospace and defense markets. In many instances, AST capabilities drive solutions that enable the maintenance of our customers’ processes through an entire life cycle.
NxEdge is an advanced manufacturing, special processing (cleaning, coating, surface treatments), and refurbishment solutions provider. NxEdge serves customers across the semiconductor supply chain, including top-tier global integrated device manufacturers (“IDMs”) and original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”). NxEdge’s unique set of vertically integrated capabilities with proprietary processes has resulted in a broad range of qualifications at top customers.
Technetics Semi designs and manufactures complex front-end wafer processing sub-systems, new and refurbished electrostatic chuck pedestals, thin film coatings, and edge-welded metal bellows for the semiconductor equipment industry. These capabilities are also leveraged for high reliability in critical applications for space, aerospace and defense markets.
LeanTeq provides cleaning, coating, testing, refurbishment and verification solutions for critical components and assemblies used in state-of-the-art advanced node semiconductor manufacturing equipment. LeanTeq offers highly differentiated, proprietary, technology-enabled processes market-leading process tool expertise, and broad materials proficiency. These capabilities extend the life cycles of parts and shorten the time for cleaning of chamber components.
Alluxa manufactures specialized optical filters and thin-film coatings for the most challenging applications in the industrial technology, life sciences, and semiconductor markets. Its products are developed through a proprietary coating process using state-of-the-art, advanced equipment. Alluxa partners with customers across major end markets to provide customized, complex precision coating solutions through Alluxa’s specialized technology platform and proprietary processes.
Customers. Our Advanced Surface Technologies segment sells products and solutions to OEMs, IDMs, industrial agents and distributors, and end users worldwide. Advanced Surface Technologies products and solutions are offered to global customers, with approximately 27% of sales delivered to customers outside the United States in 2022. Representative customers include leading global manufacturers of semiconductor manufacturing equipment, such as Applied Materials and ASML, as well as manufacturers of equipment used in the life sciences and industrial technology industries and government defense contractors. Due to consolidation in the semiconductor manufacturing equipment industry, a small number of companies control a significant majority of the global production of semiconductor manufacturing equipment. As a result, the segment is dependent on certain key relationships with customers in that industry and the loss of one or more of those key customers or other adverse changes in the segment’s relationships with those customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Competition. Competition in the markets we serve is based on technology differentiation, process know-how, proven performance and reliability, as well as price, customer service, application expertise, technical support, delivery terms, breadth of offerings, reputation for quality, global footprint and the availability of products and solutions. Our leading brand names, including Alluxa™, LeanTeq™, NxEdge® and Belfab®, have been built upon long-standing reputations for high performance, reliability and repeatability. In addition, the breadth, performance and quality of our offerings have made us a preferred supplier among our end users, OEMs, agents and distributors. We believe that our significant competitive advantages include our technological knowledge, proprietary processes, manufacturing and analytical capabilities and record of performance, which enable us to satisfy the substantial upfront qualification processes required by many of our customers. The competitive landscape in the United States for advanced manufacturing, coating and refurbishment for the semiconductor supply chain includes several providers other than NxEdge, with no provider having a dominant market position. NxEdge has a broad offering of special processes and we believe a higher level of vertical integration than most of its competitors. In the semiconductor cleaning space, our competitors include a limited number of other providers of cleaning solutions, primarily in Taiwan, Japan, South Korea and the United States, with no provider having a dominant global market position. The optical coatings market is highly fragmented, with numerous small competitors to Alluxa. Competitors of Technetics Semi include Mirapro, FMI/NGK, KSM and Senior Flexonics.
Raw Materials and Components. Our Advanced Surface Technologies segment uses ultra-high purity chemicals, fluoropolymers, elastomeric compounds, technical ceramics, rare earth materials, specialty substrates, common and exotic metals. We believe that these raw materials and components are generally available from various suppliers, with occasional, isolated and short-term constraints.
Research and Development
The goal of our research and development effort is to strengthen our product portfolios for traditional markets while simultaneously creating distinctive and breakthrough products and solutions. We utilize a process to move innovations from concept to commercialization, and to identify, analyze, develop and implement new product concepts and opportunities aimed at business growth.
We employ scientists, engineers and technicians throughout our operations to develop, design and test new and improved products and service solutions. We work closely with our customers to identify issues and develop technical solutions. The majority of our research and development spending typically is directed toward the development of new sealing solutions for the most demanding environments, the development of technology to support the cleaning and refurbishment of process critical semiconductor manufacturing equipment components, and advancing our technological and process know-how to develop opportunities in new and/or adjacent markets.
Backlog
At December 31, 2022, we had a backlog of orders of continuing operations valued at $310.7 million, of which $123.9 million related to Sealing Technologies and $186.8 million related to Advanced Surface Technologies compared with $274.7 million at December 31, 2021, of which $102.8 million related to Sealing Technologies and $171.9 million related to Advanced Surface Technologies. Approximately 7% of the December 31, 2022 backlog is expected to be filled beyond 2023. Backlog represents orders on hand we believe to be firm. However, there is no certainty the backlog orders will result in actual sales at the times or in the amounts ordered.
Quality Assurance
We believe the quality of our products and solutions is among the most important factors in developing and maintaining strong, long-term relationships with our customers. In order to meet the exacting requirements of our customers, we maintain stringent standards of quality control. We routinely employ in-process inspection by using testing equipment as a process aid during all stages of development, design and production to ensure product quality and reliability. These include state-of-the-art CAD/CAM equipment, statistical process control systems, laser tracking devices, failure mode and effect analysis, and coordinate measuring machines. We are able to extract numerical quality control data as a statistical measurement of the quality of the parts being manufactured from our Computer Numerical Control ("CNC") machinery. In addition, we perform quality control tests on parts that we outsource. As a result of our practices, we are able to significantly improve the quality of the services we provide and the parts we manufacture, avoid and reduce defects, and improve efficiency and reliability.
As of December 31, 2022, 31 of our manufacturing and service facilities were ISO 9000 certified. Three of our facilities are ISO 14001 certified.
Patents, Trademarks and Other Intellectual Property
We maintain a number of patents and trademarks issued by the U.S. and other countries relating to the name and design of our products and have granted licenses to some of these patents and trademarks. We routinely evaluate the need to protect new and existing products through the patent and trademark systems in the U.S. and other countries. We also have unpatented proprietary information, consisting of know-how and trade secrets relating to the design, manufacture and operation of our products and their use, and to certain services we perform. Except for proprietary formulations and know-how in our Advanced Surface Technologies segment, we do not consider our business as a whole to be materially dependent on any particular patent, patent right, trademark, trade secret or license granted or group of related patents, patent rights, trademarks, trade secrets or licenses granted.
In general, we are the owner of the rights to the products that we manufacture and sell. However, we also license certain intellectual property from various entities. These licenses are subject to renewal and it is possible we may not successfully renegotiate these licenses or they could be terminated in the event of a material breach. If this were to occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected.
Human Capital
As of December 31, 2022, we had approximately 3,500 employees, of which approximately 68% are in North America, 12% in Europe, and 20% in Asia Pacific.
We strive to create an environment where all employees can flourish and develop, and view human development as a basic right, and a core foundation to achieving excellence. At Enpro, development of our colleagues leads to excellence, and creates an environment that drives strong financial performance. Safety, excellence and respect are our enduring core values and are the standard by which we measure all of our actions, including how we treat our colleagues.
In 2023, we are introducing a new performance management and development process, placing emphasis on both manager engagement and employee ownership. We regularly conduct employee engagement and satisfaction surveys, including one completed in early 2023. Results from these surveys and engagement activities drive advances in senior management focus to continuously improve our culture and way of working.
Focus on Safety and Wellbeing of our Employees. Our core value of safety, includes physical safety on our factory floors, and also the wellness and psychological safety of all colleagues. We have worked for many years to develop a world-class safety program and culture, where the intention is that each employee goes home each day as healthy as they arrived. Our commitment to safety has resulted in our being the only public company to have been recognized on three separate occasions by EHS Today as “America’s Safest Company”. Each year, we enhance our safety culture and programs. In 2023, we are
implementing new safety onboarding programs so that our newest colleagues can thoroughly understand our safety culture and expectations, which is often unique from any place they have worked before.
Competitive Pay, Benefits and Equity: We provide comprehensive compensation and benefits programs that are designed to attract and retain colleagues - our most valuable resource. Our compensation programs include a focus on building long-term value and alignment with our stakeholders, including a significant portion of compensation at appropriate levels designed to foster a culture of ownership and alignment with our shareholders. We have improved these our benefit programs each year to meet the changing needs of our employees and their families. In the United States, this includes a company-wide minimum wage of $15 per hour, a 401k plan with above-market company match, an award-winning health and wellbeing program, flexible vacation and time off policies, enhanced employee assistance programs, paid family leave, and comprehensive healthcare benefits, as well as company-paid long-term disability, critical illness, and accident coverage.
We continue to focus on the mental wellbeing of our colleagues through company-wide resource groups that focus on mental health and inclusion, as well as through our employee assistance programs.
Focus on Diversity and Respect. A diverse workforce, as well as a commitment to diverse thinking, is critical to our long-term growth and success. We continue to utilize inclusive practices within our talent acquisition practices, including diverse candidate slates and diverse interview panels. We have implemented tools and structures to reduce bias during the interview and selection process, including unconscious bias training. We provided Diversity Without Division to our first line supervisors in 2022 with planned roll-out to all supervisors and managers in 2023. Our gender and ethnic/racial diversity including senior management and through two levels down is 46% diverse, a testament to our focus on creating a diverse and inclusive environment, and one with opportunity for growth and development.
The positive impact of our care, compassion and flexible programs is demonstrated by our employee retention rates. In a market with volatile turnover, our retention rates are at or above market level, in part due to our culture and progressive approach.
Focus on the Communities and our New Employee Assistance Fund. In 2020, we launched the Enpro Foundation to support charitable organizations in the communities where our colleagues live and work. Enpro contributed $1.5 million to the Enpro Foundation since formation in 2020 and our Foundation has made $356,000 in donations, with a special focus on charitable organizations where our colleagues are directly involved. Through our Foundation, we have created and funded an employee assistance fund, administered by a third-party specializing in this area, where we can confidentially assist employees undergoing tragedy in a way that is objective and respectful.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
In addition to the risks stated elsewhere in this annual report, set forth below are certain risk factors that we believe are material. If any of these risks occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and reputation could be harmed. You should also consider these risk factors when you read “forward-looking statements” elsewhere in this report. You can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “hope,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential” or “continue,” the negative of those terms or other comparable terms. Those forward-looking statements are only predictions and can be adversely affected if any of these risks occur.
Risks Related to Our Business
Our business and some of the markets we serve are cyclical and distressed market conditions could have a material adverse effect on our business.
The markets in which we sell our products and solutions, particularly wafer fab equipment for semiconductor manufacturing, chemical companies, petroleum refineries, heavy-duty trucking, and capital equipment are, to varying degrees, cyclical and have historically experienced periodic downturns. Prior downturns have been characterized by diminished product demand, excess manufacturing capacity and subsequent erosion of average selling prices in these markets resulting in negative effects on our net sales and results of operations. The wafer fab equipment for semiconductor manufacturing market, has historically been characterized by rapid changes in demand due to changes in electronics demand, economic conditions (both general and in the semiconductor and electronics industries), industry supply and demand, prices for semiconductors, and the ability of fabricators to manufacture increasingly complex and costly semiconductor devices. A prolonged and severe downward cycle in our markets, particularly in our semiconductor markets, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We face intense competition that could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We encounter intense competition in almost all areas of our businesses. Customers for many of our products and solutions are attempting to reduce the number of vendors from which they purchase. To remain competitive, we need to invest continuously in manufacturing, marketing, customer service and support and our distribution networks. We also need to develop new products and solutions to continue to meet the needs and desires of our customers. We may not have sufficient resources to continue to make such investments or maintain our competitive position. Additionally, some of our competitors are larger than we are and have substantially greater financial resources than we do. As a result, they may be better able to withstand the effects of periodic economic downturns. Certain of our products and solutions may also experience transformation from unique branded products to undifferentiated price sensitive products and solutions. This commoditization may be accelerated by low-cost foreign competition. Changes in the replacement cycle of certain of our products and solutions, including because of improved product and service quality or improved maintenance, may affect aftermarket demand for such products and solutions. Initiatives designed to distinguish our products and solutions through superior service, continuous improvement, innovation, customer relationships, technology, new product acquisitions, bundling with key services, long-term contracts or market focus may not be effective. Pricing and other competitive pressures could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
The reliance of our Advanced Surface Technologies segment on a small number of significant customers may adversely affect our financial results
A majority of the revenues of our Advanced Surface Technologies segment are derived from manufacturing, cleaning, coating and refurbishing components used in advanced node semiconductor manufacturing equipment. Due to consolidation in the semiconductor manufacturing equipment industry, a small number of companies control a significant majority of the global production of semiconductor manufacturing equipment. As a result, the segment is dependent on certain key relationships with customers in that industry, including a customer that accounted for approximately 27% of our 2022 consolidated net sales, and the loss of the segment’s relationship with that customer or other key customers or other adverse changes in the segment’s relationships with those customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Consolidation among our customers, or a decision by any one or more of our customers to no longer outsource the type of solutions provided by our Advanced Surface Technologies segment, may further concentrate our business in a limited number of customers and expose us to increased risks relating to dependence on an even smaller number of customers.
If we fail to retain the agents and distributors upon whom we rely to market our products, we may be unable to effectively market our products and our revenue and profitability may decline.
The marketing success of many of our businesses in the U.S. and abroad depends largely upon our independent agents’ and distributors’ sales and service expertise and relationships with customers in our markets. Many of these agents have developed strong ties to existing and potential customers because of their detailed knowledge of our products. A loss of a significant number of these agents or distributors, or of a particular agent or distributor in a key market or with key customer relationships, could significantly inhibit our ability to effectively market our products, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Increased costs for raw materials, the termination of existing supply arrangements or other disruptions of our supply chain has had, and could continue in the future to have a material adverse effect on our business.
The prices for most of the raw materials we purchase increased in 2022. In addition to organic changes in the prices of raw materials, the prices of some of our raw materials may increase due to supply chain limitations or the imposition (or announcement of the intended imposition) of new or increased tariffs or changes in trade laws. While we have been successful in passing along some of these higher costs, there can be no assurance we will be able to continue doing so without losing customers. Similarly, the loss of a key supplier, the unavailability of a key raw material, or other disruptions of our supply chain could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, we have limited sources for certain key raw materials and other supplies.
If we are unable to protect our intellectual property rights and knowledge relating to our products and services, our business and prospects may be negatively impacted.
We believe that proprietary products, processes, and technology are important to our success. If we are unable to adequately protect our intellectual property and know-how, our business and prospects could be negatively impacted. Our efforts to protect our intellectual property through patents, trademarks, service marks, domain names, trade secrets, copyrights, confidentiality, non-compete and nondisclosure agreements and other measures may not be adequate to protect our proprietary
rights. Patents issued to third parties, whether before or after the issue date of our patents, could render our intellectual property less valuable. Questions as to whether our competitors’ products or services infringe our intellectual property rights or whether our products and services infringe our competitors’ intellectual property rights may be disputed. In addition, intellectual property rights may be unavailable, limited or difficult to enforce in some jurisdictions, which could make it easier for competitors to capture market share in those jurisdictions.
Our competitors may capture market share from us by selling products that claim to mirror the capabilities of our products or technology. Without sufficient protection nationally and internationally for our intellectual property, our competitiveness worldwide could be impaired, which would negatively impact our growth and future revenue. As a result, we may be required to spend significant resources to monitor and enforce our intellectual property rights.
Failure to maintain or renew licenses to certain intellectual property rights could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
In general, we are the owner of the rights to the products and services that we manufacture and provide. However, we also license certain intellectual property from various entities. These licenses are subject to renewal and it is possible we may not successfully renegotiate these licenses or they could be terminated in the event of a material breach. If this were to occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected.
Our products and solutions are often used in critical applications, which could expose us to potentially significant product liability, warranty and other claims and recalls. Our insurance coverage may be inadequate to cover all of our significant risks or our insurers may deny coverage of material losses we incur, which could adversely affect our profitability and overall financial condition.
Our products and solutions are often used in critical applications in demanding environments, including in the nuclear, oil and gas, automotive, aerospace and pharmaceutical industries. Accordingly, product and service failures can have significant consequences and could result in significant product liability, warranty and other claims against us, regardless of whether our products and services caused the incident that is the subject of the claim, and we may have obligations to participate in the recall of products in which our products are components, if any of the components or services we supply prove to be defective. We endeavor to identify and obtain in established markets insurance agreements to cover certain significant risks and liabilities, though insurance against some of the risks inherent in our operations (such as insurance covering down-stream customer product recalls) is either unavailable or available only at rates or on terms that we consider excessive. Depending on competitive conditions and other factors, we endeavor to obtain contractual protection against uninsured risks from our customers, including limitations on liability and indemnification. In some cases, we are unable to obtain such contractual protections, and when we do, such contractual protection may not be as broad as we desire, may not be supported by adequate insurance maintained by the customer, or may not be fully enforceable in the jurisdictions in which our customers are located. Such insurance or contractual protection may not be sufficient or effective under all circumstances or against all hazards to which we may be subject. A successful claim or product recall for which we are not insured or for which we are underinsured could have a material adverse effect on us. Additionally, disputes with insurance carriers over coverage may affect the timing of cash flows and, if litigation with the carrier becomes necessary, an outcome unfavorable to us may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our business may be adversely affected by information technology disruptions.
Our business may be impacted by information technology disruptions, including information technology attacks. Cybersecurity attacks, in particular, are evolving and include, but are not limited to, malicious software, attempts to gain unauthorized access to data or corporate funds, and other electronic security breaches that could lead to disruptions in systems, unauthorized release of confidential or otherwise protected information and corruption of data (our own or that of third parties). We have experienced cybersecurity attacks and, while we believe that we have adopted appropriate measures and procedures to mitigate potential risks to our systems from information technology-related disruptions, it is possible that a cybersecurity attack could be successful in breaching the measures and procedures designed to protect our systems. In such an event, we could potentially be subject to production downtimes, operational delays, other detrimental impacts on our operations or ability to provide products and services to our customers, the compromising of confidential or otherwise protected information, misappropriation, destruction or corruption of data, security breaches, misappropriation of corporate funds, other manipulation or improper use of our systems or networks, financial losses from remedial actions, loss of business or potential liability, and/or damage to our reputation, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
A failure to develop new or improved products and solutions may result in a significant competitive disadvantage.
In order to maintain our market positions and margins, we need to continually develop and introduce high-quality, technologically advanced and cost-effective products and solutions on a timely basis, in many cases in multiple jurisdictions around the world. The failure to do so could result in a significant competitive disadvantage that could materially adversely affect our results of operations.
The loss of key personnel and an inability to attract and retain qualified employees could have a material adverse effect on our operations.
We are dependent on the continued services of our leadership team. The loss of these personnel without adequate replacement could have a material adverse effect on our operations. Additionally, we need qualified managers and skilled employees with technical and industry experience in many locations in order to operate our business successfully. From time to time, there may be a shortage of skilled labor, which may make it more difficult and expensive for us to attract and retain qualified employees. If we were unable to attract and retain sufficient numbers of qualified individuals or our costs to do so were to increase significantly, our operations and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Our business with the U.S. government is subject to government contracting risks.
Our business with government agencies, including sales to prime contractors that supply these agencies, is subject to government contracting risks. U.S. government contracts are subject to termination by the government, either for the convenience of the government or for default as a result of our failure to perform under the applicable contract. In addition, if we or one of our divisions were charged with wrongdoing with respect to a U.S. government contract, the U.S. government could suspend us from bidding on or receiving awards of new government contracts pending the completion of legal proceedings, and if we are found liable, we could subject us to fines, penalties, repayments and treble and other damages, and/or debarment from bidding on or receiving new awards of U.S. government contracts.
Climate change and legal or regulatory responses thereto may have an adverse impact on our business and results of operations and corporate sustainability efforts by suppliers may restrict the availability of raw materials critical to certain of our products.
There is growing concern that a gradual increase in global average temperatures as a result of increased concentration of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere will cause significant changes in weather patterns around the globe and an increase in the frequency and severity of natural disasters. Many of our manufacturing facilities use significant amounts of electricity generated by burning fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide. Such climate change may impair our production capabilities, disrupt our supply chain or impact demand for our products. Growing concern over climate change also may result in additional legal or regulatory requirements designed to reduce or mitigate the effects of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions on the environment. Increased energy or compliance costs and expenses as a result of increased legal or regulatory requirements may cause disruptions in, or an increase in the costs associated with, the manufacturing and distribution of our products. The impacts of climate change and legal or regulatory initiatives to address climate change could have a long-term adverse impact on our business and results of operations. If we fail to achieve or improperly report on our progress toward achieving our goals and commitments to reduce our carbon footprint or in environmental and sustainability programs and initiatives, the results could have an adverse impact on our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Corporate sustainability initiatives by suppliers could restrict the availability of raw materials critical to the manufacture of certain of our products. Recently, two major global suppliers of PTFE resins announced their intention, as part of their corporate sustainability initiatives, to discontinue the production of PTFE resins that are manufactured with the use of fluorosurfactants. PTFE resins are a critical raw material in the manufacture of certain of the products of our Sealing Technologies segment. While these actions are not expected to directly impact our ability to manufacture many of those products, as PTFE resins are currently available from other sources, similar actions by other existing suppliers could limit or restrict our ability to manufacture those products. In that event, if we were unable to develop products using substitute materials that provide the same reliability and performance as our current products manufactured with PTFE resins, our results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our business could be materially adversely affected by numerous other risks, including rising healthcare costs, changes in environmental laws and other unforeseen business interruptions.
Our business may be negatively impacted by numerous other risks. For example, medical and other healthcare costs may continue to grow faster than general inflation or employees may receive more or higher cost services in future periods.
Initiatives to address these costs, such as consumer driven health plan packages, may not successfully reduce these expenses to the extent expected or required. Failure to offer competitive employee benefits may result in our inability to recruit or maintain key employees. Other risks to our business include potential changes in environmental rules or regulations, which could negatively impact our manufacturing processes, or changes to the magnitude of costs at existing environmental sites. Use of certain chemicals and other substances could become restricted or such changes may otherwise require us to incur additional costs which could reduce our profitability and impair our ability to offer competitively priced products. Additional risks to our business include global or local events which could significantly disrupt our operations. Certain of our facilities are located in areas at risk for hurricanes, earthquakes, wildfires and/or flooding. Such natural disasters, as well as terrorist attacks, political insurgencies, pandemics and electrical grid disruptions and outages are some of the unforeseen risks that could negatively affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Risks Related to the COVID 19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, our business and results of operations
The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected our business and consolidated financial results in the past and could have an adverse impact on our business and consolidated financial results during 2023, and we are unable to determine the extent, duration, or nature of its continuing impact at this time. The intensity, duration and governmental responses to the pandemic, as well as the pace of vaccination efforts and the emergence of new variants of the virus that cause COVID-19, are all highly uncertain and could contribute to the ultimate impact on our business which is conducted globally. Our customers are principally global manufacturers and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on general economic conditions, and more deleterious effects in certain regions or on certain markets have had and may continue to have negative implications on demand for their goods and consequently on their demand for our products and services. Due to the scope of our operations, and our sale to customers around the world, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations and the demand for our products and solutions may not coincide with impacts experienced in the United States in the event that the impacts in the United States continue to improve over time due to increased vaccinations or improved medical treatments. Accordingly, to the extent that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States may improve over time, we may continue to be adversely affected by COVID-19 impacts in other areas of the world.
Risks Related to Our M&A Activities
We have made and expect to continue to make acquisitions, which could involve certain risks and uncertainties.
We expect to continue to make acquisitions in the future. Acquisitions involve numerous inherent challenges, such as properly evaluating acquisition opportunities, properly evaluating risks and other diligence matters, ensuring adequate capital availability and balancing other resource constraints. There are risks and uncertainties related to acquisitions, including: difficulties integrating acquired technology, operations, personnel and financial and other systems; unrealized sales expectations from the acquired business; unrealized synergies and cost savings; unknown or underestimated liabilities; diversion of management attention from running our existing businesses; and potential loss of key management employees or customers of the acquired business. In addition, internal controls over financial reporting of acquired companies may not be up to required U.S. public company standards. Our integration activities may place substantial demands on our management, operational resources and financial and internal control systems. Customer dissatisfaction or performance problems with an acquired business, technology, service or product could also have a material adverse effect on our reputation and business.
Risks Related to Our Prior Ownership of Disposed Businesses
We have exposure to some contingent liabilities relating to previously owned businesses, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows in any fiscal period.
We have contingent liabilities related to discontinued operations and previously owned businesses of our predecessors, including environmental liabilities and liabilities for certain products and other matters. In some instances we have indemnified others against those liabilities, and in other instances we have received indemnities from third parties against those liabilities. For example, in 2014 when our then Fairbanks Morse division and a consortium partner entered into a multi-year arrangement with Electricite de France ("EDF") to supply opposed-piston, diesel engine generator set to EDF for emergency backup power at 20 of EDF's nuclear power plants in France, EnPro Industries, Inc. guaranteed the performance of Fairbanks Morse's obligations under agreements with our consortium partner, which guarantee continues to be in place following our sale of Fairbanks Morse, though both Fairbanks Morse and the purchaser of Fairbanks Morse have agreed to indemnify us for any payments we are required to make pursuant to such guarantee.
Claims could arise relating to products, facilities, employees or former employees, or other matters related to our discontinued operations. Some of these claims could seek substantial monetary payments. For example, EnPro has entered into an Administrative Settlement Agreement and Order on Consent for Interim Removal Action with the Environmental Protection Agency for the assessment and potential remediation of eight surface uranium mines in Arizona on the basis that our EnPro Holdings subsidiary, through which we hold most of our operating subsidiaries, was a potentially responsible party under federal environmental laws as the successor to a former operator in the 1950s of those mines. Further, we could potentially be liable with respect to firearms manufactured prior to March 1990 by Colt Firearms, a former operation of a corporate predecessor of EnPro Holdings, and electrical transformers manufactured prior to May 1994 by Central Moloney, another former operation of that corporate predecessor.
We have established reserves related to some of these liabilities based upon our best estimates in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. However, if our insurance coverage is depleted or our reserves are not adequate, environmental and other liabilities relating to discontinued operations could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Risks Related to Our International Operations
We conduct a significant amount of our sales and service activities outside of the U.S., which subjects us to additional business risks, including foreign exchange risks, that may cause our profitability to decline.
Because we sell our products and provide services in a number of foreign countries, we are subject to risks associated with doing business internationally. In 2022, we derived approximately 37% of our net sales from sales of our products and solutions outside of the U.S. Outside the U.S., we operate 12 primary manufacturing and service facilities (approximately 50,000 square feet or larger) located in 5 countries. Our sales and operating activities outside of the U.S. are, and will continue to be, subject to a number of risks, including:
•unfavorable fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, including long-term contracts denominated in foreign currencies;
•adverse changes in foreign tax, legal and regulatory requirements;
•political and economic instability, including instabilities associated with the armed conflict in Ukraine and any conflict or threat of conflict that may affect Taiwan;
•difficulty in protecting intellectual property;
•government embargoes, tariffs and trade protection measures, such as “anti-dumping” duties applicable to classes of products, and import or export licensing requirements, as well as the imposition of trade sanctions against a class of products imported from or sold and exported to, or the loss of “normal trade relations” status with, countries in which we conduct business, could significantly increase our cost of products or otherwise reduce our sales and harm our business;
•cultural norms and expectations that may sometimes be inconsistent with our Code of Conduct and our requirements about the manner in which our employees, agents and distributors conduct business;
•differing labor regulations; and
•acts of hostility, terror or war.
Any of these factors, individually or together, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. For example, tapered roller bearings manufactured at our facilities in China that are imported into the United States before re-sale to customers are currently subject to “anti-dumping” duties imposed by the U.S. Department of Commerce based on its periodic review and analysis of our manufacturing and selling activities or the manufacturing and selling activities of larger Chinese suppliers of these products. Such duties, if imposed at higher levels, could materially adversely affect the commercial competitiveness of these products, which could adversely affect the business and results of operations of our Sealing Technologies segment.
Our operations outside the United States require us to comply with a number of United States and international regulations. For example, we are subject to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”), which prohibits United States companies or their agents and employees from providing anything of value to a foreign official for the purposes of influencing any act or decision of these individuals in their official capacity to help obtain or retain business, direct business to any person or corporate entity, or obtain any unfair advantage. Our activities in countries outside the United States create the risk of unauthorized payments or offers of payments by one of our employees or agents that could be in violation of the FCPA, even though these parties are not always subject to our control. We have internal control policies and procedures and have
implemented training and compliance programs with respect to the FCPA. However, we cannot assure that our policies, procedures and programs always will protect us from reckless or criminal acts committed by our employees or agents. In the event that we believe or have reason to believe that our employees or agents have or may have violated applicable anti-corruption laws, including the FCPA, we may be required to investigate or have outside counsel investigate the relevant facts and circumstances. In addition, we are subject to and must comply with all applicable export controls and economic sanctions laws and embargoes imposed by the United States and other various governments. Changes in export control or trade sanctions laws may restrict our business practices, including cessation of business activities in sanctioned countries or with sanctioned entities, and may result in modifications to compliance programs and increase compliance costs, and violations of these laws or regulations may subject us to fines, penalties and other sanctions, such as loss of authorizations needed to conduct aspects of our international business or debarments from export privileges. Violations of the FCPA or export controls or sanctions laws and regulations may result in severe criminal or civil sanctions, and we may be subject to other liabilities, which could negatively affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.
We intend to continue to pursue international growth opportunities, which could increase our exposure to risks associated with international sales and operations. As we expand our international operations, we may also encounter new risks that could adversely affect our revenues and profitability. For example, as we focus on building our international sales and distribution networks in new geographic regions, we must continue to develop relationships with reputable and qualified local agents, distributors and trading companies. If we are not successful in developing these relationships, we may not be able to increase sales in these regions.
Failure to properly manage these risks could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Risks Related to Our Capital Structure
Our debt agreement and the indenture governing our senior notes impose limitations on our operations, which could impede our ability to respond to market conditions, address unanticipated capital investments and/or pursue business opportunities.
The agreement governing our senior secured revolving credit facility and the indenture governing our senior notes impose limitations on our operations, such as limitations on certain restricted payments, investments, incurrence or repayment of indebtedness, and maintenance of a consolidated net leverage ratio and an interest coverage financial ratio. In addition, the indenture governing our senior notes contains limitations on certain restricted payments, investments and incurrence or repayment of indebtedness. These limitations could impede our ability to respond to market conditions, address unanticipated capital investment needs and/or pursue business opportunities.
We may not have sufficient cash to fund a required repurchase of our senior notes upon a change of control.
Upon a change of control, as defined under the indenture governing our senior notes and includes events that may be beyond our control, the holders of our senior notes have the right to require us to offer to purchase all of our senior notes then outstanding at a price equal to 101% of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest. In order to obtain sufficient funds to pay the purchase price of the outstanding notes, we expect that we would have to refinance our senior notes. We cannot assure you that we would be able to refinance our senior notes on reasonable terms, if at all. Our failure to offer to purchase all outstanding notes or to purchase all validly tendered notes would be an event of default under the indenture governing our senior notes. Such an event of default may cause the acceleration of our other debt.
We may incur increased interest expense as a result of our variable rate debt.
Borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and our Term Loan Facilities incur interest which is variable based on fluctuations in the referenced SOFR ("Secured Overnight Financing Rate"). Increases in the referenced SOFR will increase the Company's borrowing costs and negatively impact financial results and cash flows.
Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock
The market price of our common stock may be volatile.
A relatively small number of shares are normally traded in any one day and higher volumes could have a significant effect on the market price of our common stock. The market price of our common stock could fluctuate significantly for many reasons, including in response to the risks described in this section and elsewhere in this report or for reasons unrelated to our operations, such as reports by industry analysts, investor perceptions or negative announcements by our customers, competitors or suppliers regarding their own performance, as well as industry conditions and general financial, economic and political instability.
Because our quarterly revenues and operating results may vary significantly in future periods, our stock price may fluctuate.
Our revenue and operating results may vary significantly from quarter to quarter. A high proportion of our costs are fixed, due in part to significant selling and manufacturing costs. Small declines in revenues could disproportionately affect operating results in a quarter and the price of our common stock may fall. Other factors that could significantly affect quarterly operating results include, but are not limited to:
•demand for our products and services;
•the timing and execution of customer contracts;
•the timing of sales of our products and services;
•contractual penalties for late delivery of long-lead-time products;
•increases in costs due to equipment or labor issues;
•changes in foreign currency exchange rates;
•changes in applicable tax rates;
•an impairment of goodwill or other intangibles at one of our reporting units;
•unanticipated delays or problems in introducing new products;
•announcements by competitors of new products, services or technological innovations;
•changes in our pricing policies or the pricing policies of our competitors;
•increased expenses, whether related to sales and marketing, raw materials or supplies, product development or administration;
•major changes in the level of economic activity in major regions of the world in which we do business;
•costs related to possible future acquisitions or divestitures of technologies or businesses;
•an increase in the number or magnitude of product liability or environmental claims;
•our ability to expand our operations and the amount and timing of expenditures related to expansion of our operations, particularly outside the U.S.; and
•economic assumptions and market factors used to determine postretirement benefits and pension liabilities.
Various provisions and laws could delay or prevent a change of control.
The anti-takeover provisions of our articles of incorporation and bylaws and provisions of North Carolina law could delay or prevent a change of control or may impede the ability of the holders of our common stock to change our management. In particular, our articles of incorporation and bylaws, among other things:
•require a supermajority shareholder vote to approve any business combination transaction with an owner of 5% or more of our shares unless the transaction is recommended by disinterested directors;
•limit the right of shareholders to remove directors and fill vacancies;
•regulate how shareholders may present proposals or nominate directors for election at shareholders’ meetings; and
•authorize our board of directors to issue preferred stock in one or more series, without shareholder approval.
Future sales of our common stock in the public market could lower the market price for our common stock.
In the future, we may sell additional shares of our common stock to raise capital or issue shares of common stock as consideration in connection with an acquisition. In addition, a reasonable number of shares of our common stock are reserved for issuance under our equity compensation plans, including shares to be issued upon the vesting of restricted stock or unit grants. We cannot predict the size of future issuances or the effect, if any, that they may have on the market price for our common stock. The issuance and sales of substantial amounts of common stock, or the perception that such issuances and sales may occur, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
We are headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina and have 13 primary manufacturing and service facilities located in 6 countries, including the U.S. The following table outlines the location, business segment and size of our primary facilities, along with whether we own or lease each facility:
Location Segment Owned/
Leased Size
(Square Feet)
U.S.
Palmyra, New York Sealing Technologies Owned 690,000
Longview, Texas Sealing Technologies Owned 219,000
Morgan Hill, California Advanced Surface Technologies Leased 156,000
Boise, Idaho Advanced Surface Technologies Owned 92,000
Tempe, Arizona Advanced Surface Technologies Owned 75,000
Houston, Texas Sealing Technologies Leased 66,000
Deland, Florida Sealing Technologies Owned 50,000
Foreign
Mexico City, Mexico Sealing Technologies Owned 128,000
Saint Etienne, France Sealing Technologies Owned 108,000
Neuss, Germany Sealing Technologies Leased 97,000
Sherbrooke, Canada Sealing Technologies Owned 86,000
Montbrison, France Sealing Technologies Owned 79,000
Taoyuan City, Taiwan Advanced Surface Technologies Leased 50,000
Our manufacturing capabilities are flexible and allow us to tailor the manufacturing process to increase performance and value for our customers and meet particular specifications. We also maintain smaller manufacturing and service facilities, sales offices and warehouse facilities in strategic locations in the U.S. and other countries. We believe our facilities and equipment are generally in good condition and are well maintained and able to continue to operate at present or higher than current levels.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Descriptions of environmental and other legal matters are included in Item 7 of this annual report under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Contingencies” and in Note 20 to our Consolidated Financial Statements, which descriptions are incorporated by reference herein.
In addition to the matters noted above and discussed in those sections of this report, we are from time to time subject to, and are presently involved in, other litigation and legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. We believe that the outcome of such other litigation and legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We were not subject to any penalties associated with any failure to disclose “reportable transactions” under Section 6707A of the Internal Revenue Code.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not Applicable
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Information concerning our executive officers is set forth below:
Name Age Position
Eric A. Vaillancourt 59 President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
J. Milton Childress II 65 Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Robert S. McLean 58 Executive Vice President, Chief Administrative Officer, General Counsel and Secretary
Steven R. Bower 64 Senior Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer
Ronald R. Angelillo 52 Vice President, Tax
__________________
Eric A. Vaillancourt is currently President and Chief Executive and has held that position since November 28, 2021, having served as our Interim President and Chief Executive Officer since August 2, 2021. Prior to his appointment as Interim President and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Vaillancourt served as President of the Company’s Sealing Technologies segment since August 26, 2020. Prior to that, Mr. Vaillancourt served as President, STEMCO division beginning in July 2018. Prior to that, he served as President, Garlock division since November 2014. Since joining the Company in 2009, he has also served as President, Garlock Sealing Products and as Vice President, Sales and Marketing of the Garlock division. Prior to joining EnPro in 2009, Mr. Vaillancourt held positions of increasing responsibility with Bluelinx Corporation, culminating in his position as Regional Vice President North-Sales and Distribution.
J. Milton Childress II is currently Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and has held this position since July 2017. Mr. Childress previously served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since March 2015, after having previously served as Vice President, Strategic Planning and Business Development since February 2006. Mr. Childress joined the EnPro corporate staff in December 2005. He was a co-founder of and served from October 2001 through December 2005 as Managing Director of Charlotte-based McGuireWoods Capital Group. Prior to that, Mr. Childress was Senior Vice President, Planning and Development of United Dominion Industries, Inc. from December 1999 until May 2001, having previously served as Vice President. Mr. Childress held a number of positions with Ernst & Young LLP’s corporate finance consulting group prior to joining United Dominion in 1992.
Robert S. McLean is currently Executive Vice President, a position he has held since July 2017, as well as Chief Administrative Officer, a position he has held since January 2016, and General Counsel and Secretary of EnPro, positions he has held since May 2012. Mr. McLean served as Vice President, Legal and Assistant Secretary from April 2010 to May 2012. Prior to joining EnPro, Mr. McLean was a partner at the Charlotte, North Carolina law firm of Robinson Bradshaw & Hinson P.A., which he joined in 1995, and where he chaired the firm’s corporate practice group. Prior to joining Robinson Bradshaw & Hinson, Mr. McLean worked with the Atlanta office of the King & Spalding law firm and the Charlotte office of the Smith, Helms, Mullis & Moore law firm (now part of McGuireWoods, LLP), after which he was the Assistant General Counsel and Secretary of the former Carolina Freight Corporation (now part of Arkansas Best Corporation).
Steven R. Bower is currently Senior Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer and has held this position since July 2017. Mr. Bower previously served as Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer since joining the Company in October 2014. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Bower held finance and accounting roles with the SGL Group from 1996 through 2014, and Collins & Aikman Corporation from 1989 through 1996. Mr. Bower was with Price Waterhouse LLP from July 1983 through November 1989, where he departed as an Audit Manager. Mr. Bower is both a Certified Public Accountant and a Certified Management Accountant.
Ronald R. Angelillo joined EnPro in October 2019 and has served as Vice President, Tax, since December 2019. Immediately prior to joining the Company, Mr. Angelillo served as Senior Director Global Tax Operations with XPO Logistics, from November 2018 through October 2019. Mr. Angelillo also served as Senior Vice President, Accounting for Income Tax Operations with Bank of America from June 2016 through September 2018 and as Director, Global Tax Reporting with Stanley Black & Decker from July 2011 through June 2016. Mr. Angelillo also served as Tax Senior Manager with Deloitte from October 2006 through July 2011. Prior to that Mr. Angelillo held tax roles with increasing levels of responsibility from June 1996 through October 2006 with PricewaterhouseCoopers, United Technologies Corporation and Aetna Inc.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Our common stock is publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “NPO.”
As of December 31, 2022, there were 2,088 holders of record of our common stock.
The following table sets forth all purchases made by us or on our behalf or any “affiliated purchaser,” as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Exchange Act, of shares of our common stock during each month in the fourth quarter of 2022.
Period Total Number
of Shares (or
Units) Purchased Average Price
Paid per Share
(or Unit) Total Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs Maximum Number
(or Approximate Dollar
Value) of Shares (or
Units) that May Yet Be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs
October 1 - October 31, 2022 - - - $50,000,000 (1)
November 1 - November 30, 2022 - - - $50,000,000 (1)
December 1 - December 31, 2022 535 (2) $ 108.58 (2) - $50,000,000 (1)
Total 535 (2) $ 108.58 (2) - $50,000,000 (1)
(1)In October of 2022, our board of directors authorized an expenditure program of up to $50.0 million for the repurchase of our outstanding common shares through October 2024. We have not made any repurchases under this authorization.
(2)In December 2022, a total of 535 shares were transferred to a rabbi trust that we established in connection with our Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, pursuant to which non-employee directors may elect to defer directors’ fees into common stock units. EnPro Holdings furnished these shares in exchange for management and other services provided by EnPro. Of these shares, 75 shares were valued at a price of $107.94 per share, the closing trading price of our common stock on December 4, 2022, and 460 of these shares were valued at a price of $108.69 per share, the closing trading price of our common stock on December 31, 2022. Accordingly, the total 535 shares were valued at a weighted average price of $108.58. We do not consider the transfer of shares from EnPro Holdings in this context to be pursuant to a publicly announced plan or program.
CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN PERFORMANCE GRAPH
Set forth below is a line graph showing the annual change in the cumulative total shareholder return for our common stock as compared to similar returns for the Russell 2000® Stock Index and the S&P 600 Capital Goods Index, which is the peer group that we selected beginning with this Form 10-K for inclusion in this graph. The graph also includes such information for a group of peer companies that we had selected for inclusion in the graph included in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. The companies in that peer group are Altra Industrial Motion Corp., Barnes Group, Inc., Chart Industries, Inc., Circor International, Inc., Columbus McKinnon Corporation, Crane Holdings, Inc. (successor to Crane Co.), Curtiss Wright Corp., Enerpac Tool Group Corp., Graco Inc., IDEX Corporation, ITT Inc., Mueller Water Products, Inc., Nordson Corporation, SPX Technologies, Inc. (successor to SPX Corporation), Standex International Corporation, TriMas Corporation, Watts Water Technologies, Inc., Woodward, Inc., and Zurn Elkay Water Solutions Corporation (formerly, Regal Rexnord Corporation). The group included in the line graph does not include SPX FLOW, Inc., which had been included in the peer group prior years, but was excluded as a result of it being acquired in 2022.
Returns have been calculated assuming the investment of $100 in each of the securities or indices on December 31, 2017, and reinvestment of dividends into additional shares of the respective equity securities when paid. The graph plots the respective values beginning on December 31, 2017, and continuing through December 31, 2022. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of possible future returns.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
ITEM 6. [RESERVED]

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following is management’s discussion and analysis of certain significant factors that have affected our consolidated financial condition and operating results during the periods included in the accompanying audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes. You should read the following discussion in conjunction with our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes, included elsewhere in this annual report.
Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains certain statements that are “forward-looking statements” as that term is defined under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”) and releases issued by the SEC. The words “may,” “hope,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue,” and other expressions which are predictions of or indicate future events and trends and which do not relate to historical matters identify forward-looking statements. We believe that it is important to communicate our future expectations to our shareholders, and we therefore make forward-looking statements in reliance upon the safe harbor provisions of the Act. However, there may be events in the future that we are not able to accurately predict or control, and our actual results may differ materially from the expectations we describe in our forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from anticipated future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: the risks and uncertainties set forth in Item 1A of this annual report, entitled “Risk Factors.” We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by law. Whenever you read or hear any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements attributed to us or any person acting on our behalf, you should keep in mind the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section.
Non-GAAP Financial Information
In our discussion of our outlook and results of operations, we utilize financial measures that have not been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"). They include adjusted income from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc., adjusted diluted earnings per share attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. continuing operations, adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization ("adjusted EBITDA"), and total adjusted segment EBITDA. Tables showing the reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures, other than total adjusted segment EBITDA, to the comparable GAAP measures are included in "-Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to the Comparable GAAP Measures," while the reconciliation of total adjusted segment EBITDA is included in "-Results of Operations."
We believe non-GAAP metrics are commonly used financial measures for investors to evaluate our operating performance and, when read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, present a useful tool to evaluate our ongoing operations and performance from period to period. In addition, these non-GAAP measures are some of the factors we use in internal evaluations of the overall performance of our businesses. We acknowledge that there are many items that impact our reported results and the adjustments reflected in these non-GAAP measures are not intended to present all items that may have impacted these results. In addition, the non-GAAP measures we use are not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.
Overview
Overview. We are a leading-edge industrial technology company focused on critical applications across a diverse group of growing end markets such as semiconductor, photonics, industrial process, aerospace, food, biopharma and life sciences. We have 13 primary manufacturing and service facilities located in 6 countries, including the United States. EnPro is a leader in applied engineering and designs, develops, manufactures, and markets proprietary, value-added products and solutions that safeguard a variety of critical environments.
Over the past several years, we have executed several strategic initiatives to focus the portfolio of businesses where we offer proprietary, industrial technology-related products and solutions with high barriers to entry, compelling margins, strong cash flow, and perpetual recurring/aftermarket revenue in markets with favorable secular tailwinds.
We manage our business as two segments: a Sealing Technologies segment and an Advanced Surface Technologies segment.
Our Sealing Technologies segment designs and manufactures value-added products and solutions that safeguard a variety of critical environments, including: metallic, non-metallic and composite material gaskets, dynamic seals, compression packing, resilient metal seals, elastomeric seals, custom-engineered mechanical seals for applications in the aerospace industry and other markets, hydraulic components, expansion joints, sanitary gaskets, hoses and fittings for the hygienic process industries, fluid transfer products for the pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical industries, and heavy-duty commercial vehicle parts used in wheel-end and suspension components that customers rely upon to ensure safety on our roadways. These products are used in a variety of markets, including chemical and petrochemical processing, nuclear energy, food and biopharmaceutical processing, primary metal manufacturing, mining, water and waste treatment, heavy-duty trucking, aerospace, medical, filtration and semiconductor fabrication. In all of these industries, performance and durability of our proprietary products and solutions are vital for the safety and environmental protection of our customers processes. Many of our products and solutions are used in highly demanding applications and often in incredibly harsh environments, e.g., where extreme temperatures, extreme pressures, corrosive environments, strict tolerances, and/or worn equipment create challenges for product performance. Sealing Technologies offers customers widely recognized applied engineering, innovation, process know how and enduring reliability, driving a lasting aftermarket for many of our solutions.
Our Advanced Surface Technologies (AST) segment applies proprietary technologies, processes, and capabilities to deliver a highly differentiated suite of products and solutions for the most challenging applications in high growth markets. The segment’s products and solutions are used in highly demanding environments requiring performance, precision and repeatability, with a low tolerance for failure. The segment’s solutions include cleaning, coating, testing, refurbishment and verification for critical components and assemblies used in state-of-the-art advanced node semiconductor manufacturing equipment. It designs, manufactures and sells specialized optical filters and proprietary thin-film coatings for the most challenging applications in the industrial technology, life sciences, and semiconductor markets and complex front-end wafer processing sub-systems, new and refurbished electrostatic chuck pedestals, and edge-welded metal bellows for the semiconductor equipment industry and for critical applications in the space, aerospace and defense markets. In many instances, AST capabilities drive solutions that enable the maintenance of our customers’ processes through an entire life cycle.
Acquisitions
On December 17, 2021, our direct, wholly owned subsidiary, EnPro Holdings, Inc. (“EnPro Holdings”), acquired all issued and outstanding membership interests of TCFII NxEdge LLC (“NxEdge”). The consideration paid by EnPro Holdings was $853.9 million in cash, net of cash acquired, subject to customary purchase price adjustments related to the final acquisition date net working capital determination. We funded the acquisition of NxEdge with available cash and borrowings under our senior credit facilities.
NxEdge is an advanced manufacturing, cleaning, coating, and refurbishment business focused on the semiconductor value chain, with six main facilities located in Idaho and California. Since the date of its acquisition, NxEdge has been included as part of the Company’s Advanced Surface Technologies segment.
On October 26, 2020, a subsidiary of EnPro formed for this purpose (the "Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary") acquired all of the equity securities of Alluxa, Inc. ("Alluxa"), a privately held, California-based company. Alluxa is an industrial technology company that provides specialized optical filters and thin-film coatings for the most challenging applications in the industrial technology, life sciences, and semiconductor markets. Alluxa's products are developed through a proprietary coating process using state-of-the-art advanced equipment. Alluxa is included as part of the Advanced Surface Technologies segment.
Alluxa works in collaboration with customers across major end markets to provide customized, complex precision coating solutions through its specialized technology platform and proprietary processes. Alluxa has long-standing customer relationships across its diversified customer base, serving customers across the Americas, Europe, and Asia. Founded in 2007, Alluxa has two locations in California and is headquartered in Santa Rosa, California.
The cash purchase price of Alluxa was $238.4 million, net of cash acquired. We funded the purchase with available cash and rollover equity from Alluxa executives. In connection with the completion of the transaction, we entered into a limited liability operating agreement with respect to the Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary in connection with the rollover transaction, with three equity owners of Alluxa, who were also executives of Alluxa (the "Alluxa Executives"), receiving approximately 7% of the equity interests of the Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary in return for their contribution of the rollover shares of Alluxa.
In connection with the consummation of the Alluxa acquisition, the Alluxa Executives entered into a limited liability operating agreement (the “Alluxa LLC Agreement”) with respect to Alluxa Subsidiary. Under the LLC Agreement, the Alluxa Executives have certain governance and information rights with respect to the Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary and are subject to transfer restrictions with respect to their equity interests in the Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary. Each Alluxa Executive also has the right to sell to the Company, and the Company has the right to purchase from each Alluxa Executive (collectively, the “Alluxa Put and Call Rights”), one-third of the Alluxa Executive’s equity interests in Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary during
each of three exercise periods commencing on January 1 and ending on June 30 of each of 2024, 2025 and 2026, with any amount not sold or purchased in a prior exercise period being carried forward to the subsequent exercise periods (although for one Alluxa Executive who transitioned to a consulting role on January 1, 2023, the full amount of his equity interests are subject to the Company’s right to purchase on June 30, 2024, with two-thirds of the equity interests purchasable at the fixed value of the equity interests as set forth in the Alluxa LLC Agreement). The Alluxa LLC Agreement also provides for the purchase by the Company of all of an Alluxa Executive’s equity interests in the Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary in connection with the termination of employment of the Alluxa Executive under specified circumstances, with payments in certain circumstances to be made in annual installments. In connection with a Alluxa Executive’s death, disability, or incapacity at any time prior to December 31, 2023 or a separation from employment for cause, including the Alluxa Executive’s breach of the non-competition and non-solicitation agreement, or a voluntary separation from employment without good reason, the consideration payable under the Alluxa LLC Agreement in connection with any such purchase by the Company of an Alluxa Executive’s equity interests in the Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary is equal to the fixed value of the equity interests as set forth in the Alluxa LLC Agreement. In all other cases, including upon any exercise of the Alluxa Put and Call Rights, the consideration payable under the Alluxa LLC Agreement in connection with any such purchase by the Company of an Alluxa Executive’s equity interests in the Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary is equal to the greater of the fixed value of the equity interests as set forth in the Alluxa LLC Agreement or a price based upon a multiple of twelve-month adjusted EBITDA based upon certain financial metrics of the Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary, plus cash and less indebtedness of the Alluxa Acquisition Subsidiary prior to the relevant payment, and subject to certain adjustments dependent upon the circumstances of the purchase and sale.
In September 2019, Lunar Investment LLC ("Lunar"), a subsidiary of EnPro, acquired all of the equity securities of LeanTeq Co, LTD. and its affiliate LeanTeq LLC (collectively referred to as "LeanTeq"). As part of the transaction, two of the equity owners of LeanTeq, who were executives of the acquired entity (the "LeanTeq Executives"), acquired approximately a 10% ownership share of Lunar in the form of rollover equity. Founded in 2011 and headquartered in Taoyuan City, Taiwan, LeanTeq has two locations in Taiwan and one in the United States (Silicon Valley). LeanTeq primarily provides refurbishment solutions for critical components and assemblies used in state-of-the-art semiconductor manufacturing equipment. This equipment is used to produce technologically advanced microchips for smartphones, autonomous vehicles, high-speed wireless connectivity, artificial intelligence, and other leading-edge applications. LeanTeq partners closely with original equipment manufacturers throughout the development and production lifecycle to achieve Process of Record qualifications, enabling long-term, recurring aftermarket revenue. Aftermarket refurbishment solutions have historically represented approximately 65% of LeanTeq's total sales. LeanTeq’s suite of solutions includes cleaning, coating, analytical testing, inspection and verification, kit assembly, failure analysis, and other value-added solutions. LeanTeq is included as part of our Advanced Surface Technologies segment. During the fourth quarter of 2022, EnPro acquired all the equity securities of Lunar owned by the LeanTeq Executives for an anticipated $42.8 million and became the sole owner of LeanTeq. As a result of this purchase transaction, $35.0 million of our Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests was reclassified as a liability. We paid $41.9 million in December 2022, which was the minimum purchase price for these equity securities, of which $7.8 million eliminated our outstanding deferred compensation liability and $34.1 million reduced the liability attributable to the redeemable non-controlling interest acquisition. We anticipate an additional $0.8 million payment in December of 2023, subject to the financial performance of LeanTeq through November 2023. We have recorded this anticipated $0.8 million payment as a liability included in accrued expenses on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023.
Discontinued Operations
During the third quarter of 2022, we entered into an agreement to sell our GGB business and announced our intention to sell Garlock Pipeline Technologies, Inc. (GPT). These businesses, along with Compressor Products International (CPI), which was divested on December 21, 2021, comprised our entire Engineered Materials segment ("Engineered Materials"). As a result of classifying the GGB and GPT businesses as held for sale in the third quarter of 2022, we determined Engineered Materials to be a discontinued operation.
The sale of GGB closed on November 4, 2022 to The Timken Company for total proceeds of $305 million, subject to closing date purchase price adjustments. The pre-tax gain on the disposition of GGB recognized in the fourth quarter of 2022 was $189.1 million.
The sale of GGB included a subsidiary of our Sealing Technologies segment which is not part of the discontinued operations described above. The results of operations of this subsidiary are included in continuing operations for all periods being reported. As a result of this sale, we recorded a $0.4 million loss in the fourth quarter of 2022 in other expense in our consolidated statement of operations.
During January 2023 we completed the sale of our GPT business for approximately $31 million resulting in a pretax gain of approximately $14 million to be recorded in the first quarter of 2023. Net cash proceeds after selling expenses was approximately $28 million.
On October 12, 2021, we entered into an Equity and Asset Purchase Agreement providing for the sale of specified equity interests and assets of CPI. The sale closed on December 21, 2021 and we recorded a pretax gain of $117.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2021 as a result of this transaction.
On December 12, 2019, certain of our subsidiaries entered into a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement with Arcline FM Holdings, LLC (“Arcline FM Holdings”), an affiliate of Arcline Investment Management, LP, pursuant to which we sold all of the outstanding equity interests in our indirect subsidiary, Fairbanks Morse, LLC (“Fairbanks Morse”), to Arcline FM Holdings and caused one of our subsidiaries to sell certain related Canadian assets to an affiliate of Arcline FM Holdings, for an aggregate sales price of $450 million. This divestiture transaction was completed on January 21, 2020. Fairbanks Morse manufactured heavy-duty, medium-speed reciprocating engines used primarily in marine and power generation applications and comprised our entire Power Systems segment. In light of the entry into the definitive agreement in December 2019 to divest Fairbanks Morse, we classified the Power Systems segment as a discontinued operation in the fourth quarter of 2019. We recorded a pretax gain of $274.3 million in the first quarter of 2020 as a result of this transaction.
Unless otherwise indicated, amounts presented in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations pertain to continuing operations only (see Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for information on discontinued operations and the related disposition of those operations)
Other Dispositions
On September 2, 2021, we sold certain assets and liabilities of our polymer components business unit, which was principally located in Houston, Texas and had been included in our Sealing Technologies segment. As a result of the sale, we recorded a pre-tax gain of $19.5 million in other income (expense) on our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
On December 31, 2020, we sold the shares of Technetics Group UK Limited ("Technetics Group UK"), a manufacturer of elastomeric components primarily for use in the aerospace industry, which had been included in our Sealing Technologies segment, for a nominal cash purchase price. As part of the agreement with the buyer, we delivered to the buyer £148,000 of cash to fund value added tax ("VAT") payments due for VAT liabilities already incurred and £50,000 for working capital. We incurred a loss upon the sale of approximately £976,000 ($1.3 million).
On November 20, 2020, we completed the sale of the Air Springs portion of our heavy-duty trucking business for $23.1 million in cash, net of an estimated working capital adjustment and fees, and a long-term promissory note with a fair-value of $6.4 million (face value of $7.5 million). As part of the agreement with the buyer, we retained the U.S. accounts receivable for the business, which created a large working capital adjustment at closing. The amount of retained accounts receivable in the U.S. was approximately $8.6 million. We recorded a $0.1 million non-cash loss on sale of this business, which had been included in our Sealing Technologies Segment, in the fourth quarter of 2020. Upon the resolution of all remaining open items, we recorded an additional loss of $2.1 million in the first quarter of 2021.
In August of 2020, subsequent to announcing the exit of our Motor Wheel® brake drum and Crewson® brake adjuster brands in the second quarter of 2020, we identified a buyer and entered into a definitive agreement to sell the assets related to the businesses. On September 2, 2020, we completed the sale for $8.9 million, net of transaction fees. This transaction resulted in a $3.1 million loss on sale of the business in other non-operating expense on our consolidated statements of operations, composed of a $3.0 million non-cash loss on the sale of assets and a $0.1 million loss in other expenses. Prior to finding a buyer of the brands, we determined the assets were impaired and recorded restructuring and impairment charges of $7.4 million in other operating expenses on our consolidated statements of operations. Total losses on the exit of our Motor Wheel® brake drum and Crewson® brake adjuster brands, which had been recorded in our Sealing Technologies segment, recorded in 2020 were $10.5 million.
In the second quarter of 2020 we entered into an agreement to sell the Lunar® air disc brake business located in both the U.S. and in Shanghai, China. The sale of the U.S. assets of the business closed in the third quarter of 2020 for $0.3 million, resulting in a gain of $0.2 million recorded in non-operating income on our consolidated statement of operations. The sale of the Lunar® manufacturing facility located in Shanghai, China closed in the fourth quarter of 2020 for $0.9 million, resulting in no gain or loss. Prior to closing on the sale of the business, we determined the assets to be impaired and recorded a $2.1 million impairment charge, of which $1.6 million was related to impairment of long-lived assets and $0.5 million related to the impairment of inventory. The impairment of long-lived assets was recorded in other operating expense and the impairment of inventory was recorded in cost of sales on our consolidated statement of operations. Total net loss related to the exit of the Lunar® air disc brake business, which had been included in our Sealing Technologies segment, was $1.9 million.
The Air Springs portion of our heavy-duty truck business, Motor Wheel® brake drum and Crewson® brake adjuster brands, and Lunar® air disc brake business had been included in our Sealing Technologies segment.
We review the carrying amounts of long-lived assets when certain events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. In 2020, sales declines by businesses utilizing two of the indefinite-lived trademarks within our Sealing Technologies segment were determined to be triggering events for an impairment analysis. Based on the results of this analysis, we recorded a $16.1 million impairment of indefinite-lived trademarks in the third quarter.
COVID-19 Impacts
The COVID-19 pandemic could have an adverse impact on our business and consolidated financial results during 2023 and we are unable to determine the extent, duration, or nature at this time. The intensity, duration and governmental responses to the pandemic, as well as the pace of vaccination efforts and the emergence of new variants of the virus that cause COVID-19, are all highly uncertain and could contribute to the ultimate impact on our business which is conducted globally. Our customers are principally global manufacturers and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on general economic conditions, and more deleterious effects in certain regions or on certain markets have had and may continue to have negative implications on demand for their goods and consequently on their demand for our products and services. Due to the scope of our operations, and our sale to customers around the world, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations and the demand for our products and solutions may not coincide with impacts experienced in the United States in the event that the impacts in the United States continue to improve over time due to increased vaccinations or improved medical treatments. Accordingly, to the extent that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States may improve over time, we may continue to be adversely affected by COVID-19 impacts in other areas of the world.
Global Sales
Please refer to Item 1, "Business-Background" for information with respect to our sales by geographic region in 2022, 2021 and 2020.
Highlights
Financial highlights for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
2022 2021 2020
(in millions, except per share data)
Net sales $ 1,099.2 $ 840.4 $ 800.0
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. $ 6.7 $ 56.9 $ (21.4)
Net income attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. $ 205.1 $ 177.9 $ 177.6
Diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. $ 0.32 $ 2.74 $ (1.05)
Adjusted income from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc.1
$ 141.8 $ 87.9 $ 66.2
Adjusted diluted earnings per share attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. continuing operations 1
$ 6.79 $ 4.23 $ 3.21
Adjusted Segment EBITDA 2
$ 300.6 $ 215.1 $ 178.6
Adjusted EBITDA 1
$ 257.4 $ 162.4 $ 133.4
1 Reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to their respective GAAP measure are located in "- Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measure to the Comparable GAAP Measure" at the end of this section.
2 Reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to their respective GAAP measure are located in " - Results of Operations".
We experienced strong demand across most of our businesses throughout 2022. Our performance was driven primarily by the acquisition of NxEdge in December 2021 as well as from the benefits of portfolio reshaping within our Stemco business.
We remain committed to our strategy to create long-term shareholder value through earnings growth and balanced capital allocation. We remain focused on disciplined investments for organic growth and innovation, strategic acquisitions, and returning capital to shareholders. In connection with our growth strategy, we will continue to evaluate making additional acquisitions to take advantage of opportunities that arise continuing to focus our portfolio on businesses with compelling margins, leading technology, high cash flow return on investment, and favorable secular tailwinds. In October 2022, our board of directors authorized a two-year program of up to $50.0 million for the repurchase of our common shares. We have not made
any repurchases under this authorization. In February 2023, our board of directors approved an increase in the quarterly dividend to $0.29 per share, from $0.28, representing our eighth consecutive year of dividend increases.
Results of Operations
Years Ended December 31,
2022 2021 2020
(in millions)
Sales
Sealing Technologies $ 624.3 $ 599.8 $ 636.7
Advanced Surface Technologies 476.1 247.3 171.2
1,100.4 847.1 807.9
Intersegment sales (1.2) (6.7) (7.9)
Total sales $ 1,099.2 $ 840.4 $ 800.0
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. $ 6.7 $ 56.9 $ (21.4)
Adjusted Segment EBITDA
Sealing Technologies $ 159.1 $ 141.9 $ 131.5
Advanced Surface Technologies 141.5 73.2 47.1
Total Adjusted Segment EBITDA $ 300.6 $ 215.1 $ 178.6
Reconciliations of Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. to Adjusted Segment EBITDA
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. $ 6.7 $ 56.9 $ (21.4)
Plus: net income (loss) attributable to redeemable non-controlling interests (2.8) 0.4 0.4
Income (loss) from continuing operations 3.9 57.3 (21.0)
Income tax benefit (expense) (24.4) (8.7) 2.5
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes 28.3 66.0 (23.5)
Acquisition and divestiture expenses 0.5 0.4 9.6
Non-controlling interest compensation allocation (0.6) 5.3 2.9
Amortization of the fair value adjustment to acquisition date inventory 13.3 9.9 3.0
Restructuring and impairment costs 1.9 2.4 14.3
Depreciation and amortization expense 102.8 63.5 56.5
Corporate expenses 47.0 64.9 41.4
Interest expense, net 33.9 13.7 14.9
Goodwill impairment 65.2 - -
Other income (expense), net 8.3 (11.0) 59.5
Adjusted Segment EBITDA $ 300.6 $ 215.1 $ 178.6
We measure segment operating performance based on segment earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation, amortization, and other selected items ("Adjusted Segment EBITDA" or "Segment AEBITDA"), which is segment revenue reduced by operating expenses and other costs identifiable with the segment, excluding acquisition and divestiture expenses, restructuring costs, impairment charges, non-controlling interest compensation, amortization of the fair value adjustment to acquisition date inventory, and depreciation and amortization. Adjusted Segment EBITDA is not defined under GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures used by other companies. Corporate expenses include general corporate administrative costs. Expenses not directly attributable to the segments, corporate expenses, net interest expense, gains and losses related to the sale of assets, and income taxes are not included in the computation of Adjusted Segment EBITDA. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those for EnPro.
Non-controlling interest compensation allocation represents compensation expense associated with a portion of the rollover equity from the acquisitions of LeanTeq and Alluxa that was and is subject to reduction for certain types of employment terminations of the sellers. This expense is recorded in selling, general, and administrative expenses on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and is directly related to the terms of the acquisitions. This expense will continue to be recognized as compensation expense over the term of the put and call options associated Alluxa unless certain employment terminations have occurred. In the fourth quarter of 2022, EnPro acquired all of the LeanTeq non-controlling interests.
Other income (expense), net in the table above contains all items included in other (operating) expense and other income (expense) on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ending December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 with the exception of $1.9 million, $2.4 million, and $9.9 million, respectively, of segment restructuring costs and $1.1 million and $0.1 million of corporate restructuring costs in 2022 and 2021, respectively. Additionally, other income (expense), net in the table above for the years ending December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 also includes $(1.8) million, $3.4 million, and $5.5 million, respectively, of miscellaneous expenses that are either not associated with a particular segment or not considered part of administering the corporate headquarters. These expenses are included in selling, general and administrative expense on our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
2022 Compared to 2021
Sales of $1,099.2 million in 2022 increased 30.8% from $840.4 million in 2021. The following table summarizes the impact of acquisitions, divestitures, and foreign currency on sales by segment:
Sales Percent Change 2022 vs. 2021
increase/(decrease) Acquisitions and divestitures Foreign
Currency Organic Total
EnPro Industries, Inc. 19.5 % (2.8) % 14.1 % 30.8 %
Sealing Technologies (5.2) % (3.1) % 12.4 % 4.1 %
Advanced Surface Technologies 76.7 % (1.9) % 17.7 % 92.5 %
Following are the key effects of acquisitions and divestitures on sales for 2022 compared to 2021:
•Divestiture of Garlock India (Sealing Technologies) in November 2022
•Acquisition of NxEdge (Advanced Surface Technologies) in December 2021
•Divestiture of the polymer components business unit (Sealing Technologies), which was principally located in Houston, in September 2021
Following is a discussion of operating results for each segment during 2022 compared to 2021:
Sealing Technologies. Sales of $624.3 million in 2022 reflect a 4.1% increase compared to $599.8 million in 2021. Excluding unfavorable foreign exchange translation ($19.2 million) on our 2022 sales and the sales from businesses that have since been divested ($27.5 million) from 2021 results, sales were up 12.4% or $71.2 million. This increase was driven by sales price actions and strong demand in food and pharmaceuticals, petrochemical, heavy-duty truck, and aerospace markets.
Segment AEBITDA of $159.1 million in 2022 increased 12.1% from $141.9 million in 2021. Segment AEBITDA margin increased from 23.7% in 2021 to 25.5% in 2022. Excluding the unfavorable foreign exchange translation ($5.1 million) and the Segment AEBITDA earned from businesses that have since been divested ($5.6 million) from 2021 results, Adjusted Segment EBITDA increased 20.4%, or $27.8 million. The increase in Segment AEBITDA was driven primarily by higher pricing ($43.1 million), increased sales volume, net of unfavorable product mixes ($9.1 million), and decreased incentive compensation ($0.9 million) and foreign exchange transaction related costs ($0.5 million), partially offset by increased manufacturing costs driven by higher material prices and labor costs ($21.8 million) and higher segment selling, general, and administrative costs ($4.0 million).
Advanced Surface Technologies. Sales of $476.1 million in 2022 reflect a 92.5% increase compared to $247.3 million in 2021. Excluding the unfavorable foreign exchange translation ($4.7 million) and the sales from a recent acquisition ($189.7 million) from 2022 results, sales were up 17.7% or $43.8 million. This increase was driven primarily by stronger demand in the semiconductor market.
Segment AEBITDA of $141.5 million in 2022 increased 93.3% from $73.2 million in 2021. Segment AEBITDA margin increased from 29.6% in 2021 to 29.7% in 2022. Excluding the impact of Segment AEBITDA from acquisitions ($58.8 million)
and the unfavorable impact of foreign exchange translation ($2.5 million), Segment AEBITDA was up 16.4% or $12.0 million. The increase in Adjusted Segment EBITDA was driven primarily by increased sales volume, net of unfavorable product mixes ($17.1 million), increased pricing ($9.1 million), and decreased foreign exchange transaction related costs ($2.4 million), partially offset by increased manufacturing costs as a result of higher material costs ($11.1 million) and increased selling, general, and administrative costs ($5.5 million).
Corporate expenses for 2022 decreased $17.9 million as compared to 2021. The decrease was driven primarily by lower acquisition and divestiture costs ($14.7 million) and decreased medical and consulting costs ($3.0 million).
Interest expense, net in 2022 increased by $20.2 million as compared to 2021, due to increased outstanding debt in 2022 as a result of indebtedness incurred to fund the NxEdge acquisition in December 2021.
Other income (expense), net in 2022 increased by $19.3 million as compared to 2021, primarily due to a year-over-year decrease in gain on sale of businesses in 2022 ($18.1 million), a decrease in pension (non-service) income ($4.9 million), foreign exchange losses related to the divestiture of GGB ($3.8 million), and an asbestos receivable adjustment ($2.8 million), partially offset by a decrease in environmental charges ($3.2 million), a decrease in miscellaneous expenses that are either not associated with a particular segment or not considered part of administering the corporate headquarters ($5.2 million), and a decrease in charges related to the reversal of a receivable related to an amount due from the sellers of Aseptic for uncertain tax positions that have passed the statute of limitations ($2.1 million). An offsetting decrease in expense was recorded for the release of the corresponding liability for the uncertain tax position and is reflected as a reduction in tax expense.
Income tax expense from continuing operations was $24.4 million in 2022 and $8.7 million in 2021. The effective tax rates for 2022 and 2021 were 86.2% and 13.4% respectively. The effective tax rate for 2022 was primarily driven by impairment of non-deductible tax goodwill, the foreign rate differential related to certain foreign earnings that were subject to higher tax rates, and establishing a valuation allowance on certain tax attributes. The effect of these items resulted in a net $19.9 million increase in income tax expense. Additionally, the effective tax rate was increased by GILTI and decreased by the release of uncertain tax positions associated with audit closures and statute expirations, resulting in a net increase to tax expense of $0.5 million.
Goodwill impairment expense of $65.2 million was incurred in 2022 related to the Alluxa reporting unit. No goodwill impairment expense was incurred in 2021.
Income from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. was $6.7 million, or $0.32 per share, in 2022 compared to income from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. of $56.9 million, or $2.76 per share, in 2021.
2021 Compared to 2020
Sales of $840.4 million in 2021 increased 5.1% from $800.0 million in 2020. The following table summarizes the impact of acquisitions, divestitures, and foreign currency on sales by segment:
Sales Percent Change 2021 vs. 2020
increase/(decrease) Acquisitions and divestitures Foreign
Currency Organic Total
EnPro Industries, Inc. (11.8) % 1.5 % 15.4 % 5.1 %
Sealing Technologies (20.3) % 1.5 % 13.0 % (5.8) %
Advanced Surface Technologies 21.6 % 1.5 % 21.4 % 44.5 %
Following are the key effects of acquisitions and divestitures on sales for 2021 compared to 2020:
Advanced Surface Technologies Acquisitions:
•NxEdge in December 2021
•Alluxa in October 2020
Sealing Technologies Divestitures:
•Polymer components business unit in September 2021
•Technetics Group UK Limited in December 2020
•Air Springs portion of our heavy duty trucking business in November 2020
•Motorwheel® brake drum and Crewson® brake adjuster brands in September 2020
•Lunar® air disc brake business, both the U.S. and Shanghai China operations, in the second and third quarters of 2020
Following is a discussion of operating results for each segment during 2021 compared to 2020:
Sealing Technologies. Sales of $599.8 million in 2021 reflect a 5.8% decrease compared to $636.7 million in 2020. Excluding favorable foreign exchange translation ($9.6 million) on our 2021 sales and the sales from businesses that have since been divested ($114.5 million) from 2020 results, sales were up 13.0% or $68.0 million. This increase was driven by increased demand in food and pharmaceuticals, petrochemical, and heavy-duty truck, partially offset by decline in demand in the aerospace market.
Segment AEBITDA of $141.4 million in 2021 increased 7.9% from $131.0 million in 2020. Segment AEBITDA margin increased from 20.6% in 2020 to 23.6% in 2021. Excluding the favorable foreign exchange translation ($2.5 million) and the Segment AEBITDA earned from businesses that have since been divested ($14.7 million) from 2020 results, Adjusted Segment EBITDA increased 19.4%, or $22.6 million. The increase in Segment AEBITDA was driven by increased sales volume, net of unfavorable product mixes driven by lower margin sales in our heavy-duty trucking business as we saw higher sales to original equipment manufacturers ($21.3 million), increased pricing ($11.9 million), and lower travel-related expense ($0.7 million), partially offset by increased manufacturing costs driven by higher material prices ($6.0 million), higher incentive compensation ($1.2 million), and increased segment selling, general, and administrative costs ($4.3 million).
Advanced Surface Technologies. Sales of $247.3 million in 2021 reflect a 44.5% increase compared to $171.2 million in 2020. Excluding the favorable foreign exchange translation ($2.5 million) and the sales from a recent acquisition ($37.0 million) from 2021 results, sales were up 21.4% or $36.6 million. This increase was driven primarily by stronger demand in the semiconductor market.
Segment AEBITDA of $73.2 million in 2021 increased 55.4% from $47.1 million in 2020. Segment AEBITDA margin increased from 27.5% in 2020 to 29.6% in 2021. Excluding the impact of Segment AEBITDA from acquisitions ($17.9 million) and the favorable impact of foreign exchange translation ($1.4 million), Segment AEBITDA was up 14.4% or $6.8 million. The increase in Adjusted Segment EBITDA was driven by increased sales including a more favorable product mix in our Technetics Semi business ($12.5 million), and increased pricing ($1.3 million), partially offset by increased manufacturing costs as a result of sales growth ($4.4 million), increased incentive compensation costs ($1.1 million), and increased selling, general, and administrative costs ($1.5 million).
Corporate expenses for 2021 increased $23.5 million as compared to 2020. The increase was driven primarily by higher acquisition and divestiture costs ($15.1 million) and increased incentive compensation costs ($8.4 million).
Interest expense, net in 2021 decreased by $1.2 million as compared to 2020, primarily due to a refund from the IRS, which included $1.7 million of applicable interest, as a result of the conclusion of an audit of our 2014 through 2017 U.S. federal income tax returns.
Other income (expense), net in 2021 decreased by $70.5 million as compared to 2020, due mainly to a $27.7 million decrease in environmental charges, a year-over-year increase in gain on sale of business in 2022 of $20.2 million, a $16.1 million decrease in impairment charges, a $5.4 million increase in pension (non-service) income a decrease in charges related to previously divested businesses of $1.7 million, and $2.1 million of decreased miscellaneous expenses that are either not associated with a particular segment or not considered part of administering the corporate headquarters, partially offset by a $3.0 million charge in 2021 due to the reversal of a receivable related to an amount due from the sellers of Aseptic for uncertain tax positions that have passed the statute of limitations. An offsetting decrease in expense was recorded for the release of the corresponding liability for the uncertain tax position and is reflected as a reduction in tax expense.
Income tax expense from continuing operations was $8.7 million in 2021 and income tax benefit was $2.5 million in 2020. The effective tax rates for 2021 and 2020 were 13.4% and 10.4% respectively. The effective tax rate for 2021 was primarily driven by the foreign rate differential related to earnings that were subject to higher tax rates partially offset by the release of uncertain tax positions associated with audit closures and statute expirations, the effect of these items resulted in a net $3.2 million decrease in income tax expense.
Income from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. was $56.9 million, or $2.76 per share, in 2021 compared to a loss from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. of $21.4 million, or ($1.05) per share, in 2020.
Restructuring and Other Costs
We incurred $3.0 million, $2.5 million and $30.4 million of restructuring and impairment costs during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Additionally, in 2022, we incurred a goodwill impairment charge of $65.2 million related to the Alluxa reporting unit. No goodwill impairment expense was incurred in 2021 or 2020.
During 2022 we incurred restructuring costs of $1.8 million, primarily related to the reorganization of sites and functions, primarily in the United States and $1.2 million of non-cash impairment charges of long-lived assets.
During 2021, we conducted a number of restructuring activities throughout our operations, which included the exit of some smaller locations and targeted workforce reductions. Workforce reductions associated with our restructuring activities totaled 36 administrative and manufacturing positions.
In 2020 our Stemco business in our Sealing Technologies segment underwent significant restructuring and portfolio reshaping activities, including the exit of our Motorwheel® and Crewson® brake adjuster brands and our Lunar® air disc brake business.
Additionally, sales declines by business utilizing two indefinite lived trademarks within our Sealing Technologies segment were determined to be triggering events for impairment analysis and an impairment charge was taken. Substantially all costs associated with these initiatives, as well as other smaller restructuring and impairment charges, were incurred or accrued for as of December 31, 2020. Workforce reductions in 2020 associated with our restructuring activities totaled 101 administrative and manufacturing positions. Of the $30.4 million of restructuring and impairment charges taken in 2020, $7.9 million was related to severance and other cash restructuring charges while $22.4 million was related to impairments and write-downs of assets, including long-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets, property, plant, and equipment, and inventory.
Please see the "Overview" section of Management's Discussion and Analysis Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash requirements for, but not limited to, working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, and debt repayments have been funded from cash balances on hand, revolver borrowings and cash generated from operations. We are proactively pursuing acquisition opportunities. Should we need additional capital, we have resources available, which are discussed in this section under the heading “Capital Resources.”
As of December 31, 2022, we held $187.4 million of cash and cash equivalents in the United States and $147.0 million of cash outside of the United States. If the funds held outside the United States were needed for our operations in the U.S., we have several methods to repatriate without significant tax effects, including repayment of intercompany loans, distributions subject to a 100 percent dividends-received deduction for income tax purposes, or distributions of previously-taxed earnings.
Because of the transition tax, GILTI, and Subpart F provisions, undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries totaling $225.1 million at December 31, 2021 have been subjected to U.S. income tax or are eligible for the 100 percent dividends-received deduction under Section 245A of the Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") provided in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Additional undistributed earnings are estimated to be $66.7 million as of December 31, 2022. Whether through the application of the 100 percent dividends received deduction, or distribution of these previously-taxed earnings, we do not intend to distribute foreign earnings that will be subject to any significant incremental U.S. or foreign tax. During 2022, we repatriated $298.3 million of earnings from our foreign subsidiaries, resulting in only $2.0 million of withholding taxes net of refunds to be received. We have determined that estimating any tax liability on our investment in foreign subsidiaries is not practicable. Therefore, we have not recorded any deferred tax liability on undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries.
Cash Flows
Operating activities of continuing operations provided cash in the amount of $106.1 million, $124.1 million and $42.1 million in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The decrease in operating cash flows in 2022 versus 2021 was primarily attributable to increased income tax payments ($74.4 million) primarily related a refund from the IRS received in 2021 as a result of the conclusion of an audit of our 2014 through 2017 U.S. federal income tax returns and higher tax payments related to the divestiture of discontinued operations. These increases were partially offset higher sales volume. The increase in operating cash flow in 2021 versus 2020 was primarily attributable to decreased income tax payments ($60.8 million) primarily related a refund from the IRS received in 2021 as a result of the conclusion of an audit of our 2014 through 2017 U.S. federal income tax returns and higher tax payments related to the divestiture of discontinued operations in 2020.
Investing activities of continuing operations provided $268.6 million in 2022, used $647.4 million in 2021, and provided $221.4 million of cash in 2020. Investing activities in 2022 provided cash from the sale businesses ($301.9 million), primarily the sale of GGB, and the settlement of derivative contracts ($27.4 million). This was partially offset by the payments for acquisitions, principally driven by the acquisition of the LeanTeq minority owners ($31.2 million) and investments in property, plant and equipment ($29.4 million). The cash used in 2021 was primarily the result of the acquisition of NxEdge ($856.8 million), partially offset by proceeds from the divestiture of CPI and other business during the year ($224.3 million). Cash provided by investing activities in 2020 was primarily driven by cash received from divestitures, including the sales of Fairbanks Morse, our Air Springs business and other businesses during the year ($475.1 million), partially offset by cash used in the acquisition of Alluxa ($238.3 million).
Financing activities of continuing operations used $368.0 million in cash in 2022, primarily attributable to a net payment our Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Facilities (as defined below) ($337.0 million) and by $23.4 million in dividend payments. Financing activities of continuing operations provided $618.2 million in 2021 primarily attributable to a net draw on our revolving credit facility ($175.0 million), new term loan facilities (as discussed below) ($465.0 million), and issuance of common stock ($10.0 million), partially offset by $22.4 million in dividend payments and $3.8 million in principal payments to our existing Term Loan A-1 facility (as defined below). Financing activities used $167.3 million in 2020, primarily attributable to net payments on our Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Facility (as defined below) of $138.3 million and $21.7 million in payments of dividends.
Capital Resources
Senior Secured Credit Facility. On December 17, 2021, we entered into a Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Amended Credit Agreement”) dated as of December 17, 2021 among the Company and EnPro Holdings, as borrowers, certain of our foreign subsidiaries are from time to time party thereto, as designated borrowers, the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer. The Amended Credit Agreement amends, restates and replaces the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of June 28, 2018, as amended, among the Company and EnPro Holdings as borrowers, the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer.
The Amended Credit Agreement provides for credit facilities in the initial aggregate principal amount of $1,007.5 million, consisting of a five-year, senior secured revolving credit facility of $400.0 million (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), a $142.5 million senior secured term loan facility in replacement of the our existing senior secured term loan facility, maturing September 25, 2024 (the “Term Loan A-1 Facility”), a five-year, senior secured term loan facility of $315.0 million (the “Term Loan A-2 Facility”) and a 364-day, senior secured term loan facility of $150.0 million (the “364-Day Facility” and together with the Revolving Credit Facility, the Term Loan A-1 Facility and the Term Loan A-2 Facility, the “Facilities”). The Amended Credit Agreement also provides that we may seek incremental term loans and/or additional revolving credit commitments in an amount equal to the greater of $275.0 million and 100% of consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended four-quarter period for which we have reported financial results, plus additional amounts based on a consolidated senior secured leverage ratio. The Amended Credit Agreement became effective on December 17, 2021.
Borrowings under the 364-Day Facility bore interest at an annual rate of LIBOR plus 1.50% or base rate plus 0.50%. Initially, borrowings under the Facilities (other than the 364-Day Facility) bore interest at an annual rate of LIBOR plus 1.75% or base rate plus 0.75%, although these interest rates were subject to incremental increase or decrease based on a consolidated total net leverage ratio. On November 8, 2022, we entered into a First Amendment to the Amended Credit Agreement, which replaced the LIBOR-based interest rate option with an option based on Term SOFR ("Secured Overnight Financing Rate") plus (i) a credit spread adjustment of 0.10% and (ii) 1.75%, again subject to incremental increase or decrease based on a consolidated total net leverage ratio. In addition, a commitment fee accrues with respect to the unused amount of the Revolving Credit Facility at an annual rate of 0.225%, which rate is also subject to incremental increase or decrease based on a consolidated total net leverage ratio.
The Term Loan A-1 Facility amortizes on a quarterly basis in an annual amount equal to 2.50% of the original principal amount of the Term Loan A-1 Facility ($150.0 million) in year one after the closing, 5.00% of such original principal amount in year two and 1.25% of such original principal amount in each of the first three quarters of year three, with the remaining outstanding principal amount payable at maturity. The Term Loan A-2 Facility amortizes on a quarterly basis in an annual amount equal to 2.5% of the original principal amount of the Term Loan A-2 Facility in each of years one through three, 5.0% of such original principal amount in year four and 1.25% of such original principal amount in each of the first three quarters of year five, with the remaining outstanding principal amount payable at maturity. The 364-Day Facility did not amortize and was repaid in full in the quarter ended September 30, 2022. The Facilities are subject to prepayment with the net cash proceeds of certain asset sales not reinvested in acquisitions within a specified period, casualty or condemnation events, and non-permitted debt issuances. There is no prepayment penalty for a full or partial repayment of the Facilities at any time.
The Company and EnPro Holdings are the permitted borrowers under the Facilities. We have the ability to add wholly owned foreign subsidiaries as borrowers under the Revolving Credit Facility. Each of our domestic, consolidated subsidiaries (other than any subsidiaries that may be designated as "unrestricted" by the Company from time to time an inactive subsidiaries) is required to guarantee the obligations of the borrowers under the Facilities, and each of our existing domestic, consolidated subsidiaries (other than inactive subsidiaries) has entered into the Amended Credit Agreement to provide such a guarantee.
Borrowings under the Facilities are secured by a first-priority pledge of the following assets:
•100% of the capital stock of each domestic subsidiary of the Company (other than unrestricted or inactive subsidiaries);
•65% of the capital stock of any first tier foreign subsidiary of the Company and its domestic subsidiaries (other than unrestricted or inactive subsidiaries); and
•substantially all of the assets (including, without limitation, machinery and equipment, inventory and other goods, accounts receivable, bank accounts, general intangibles, financial assets, investment property, license rights, patents, trademarks, trade names, copyrights, chattel paper, insurance proceeds, contract rights, hedge agreements, documents, instruments, indemnification rights, tax refunds and cash, but excluding real estate interests) of the Company and its domestic subsidiaries (other than unrestricted or inactive subsidiaries).
The Amended Credit Agreement contains certain financial covenants and required financial ratios, including:
•a maximum consolidated total net leverage ratio of not more than 4.75 to 1.0 (with total debt, for the purposes of such ratio, to be net of up to $150 million of unrestricted cash of EnPro Industries, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries), which ratio will decrease to 4.5 to 1.0 for each fiscal quarter beginning with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2022 and ending with the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2022, and to 4.0 to 1.0 for each quarter thereafter; and, once so decreased, may be increased (up to three times) at the borrowers' option to not more than 4.5 to 1.0 for the for-quarter period following a significant acquisition; and
•a minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio of at least 2.5 to 1.0.
The Amended Credit Agreement contains affirmative and negative covenants (subject, in each case, to customary exceptions and qualifications), including covenants that limit our ability to, among other things:
•grant liens on our assets;
•incur additional indebtedness (including guarantees and other contingent obligations);
•make certain investments (including loans and advances);
•merge or make other fundamental changes;
•sell or otherwise dispose of property or assets;
•pay dividends and other distributions and prepay certain indebtedness;
•make changes in the nature of our business;
•enter into transactions with our affiliates;
•enter into burdensome contracts; and
•modify or terminate documents related to certain indebtedness.
We were in compliance with all covenants of the Amended Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2022. The borrowing availability under our Revolving Credit Facility at December 31, 2022 was $389.2 million after giving consideration to $10.8 million of outstanding letters of credit and $0.0 million of outstanding borrowings. The balance of our outstanding Term Loan A-1 Facility and the Term Loan A-2 Facility at December 31, 2022 was $137.0 million and $307.1 million, respectively.
Senior Notes. On October 17, 2018, we completed the offering of $350 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.75% senior notes due 2026 (the "Senior Notes") and applied the net proceeds of that offering, together with borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, to redeem on October 31, 2018 the full $450 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 5.875% senior notes due 2022 (the "Old Notes"), of which $300 million aggregate principal amount were issued in 2014 and $150 million aggregate principal amount were issued in a follow-on offering in 2017. The Old Notes were redeemed at a price equal to 102.938% of the aggregate principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the
redemption date. We recorded a loss on the redemption of the Old Notes of approximately $18.1 million in the fourth quarter of 2018.
The Senior Notes were issued to investors at 100% of the principal amount thereof. The Senior Notes are unsecured, unsubordinated obligations of EnPro and mature on October 15, 2026. Interest on the Senior Notes accrues at a rate of 5.75% per annum and is payable semi-annually in cash in arrears on April 15 and October 15 of each year, commencing April 15, 2019. The Senior Notes are required to be guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by each of EnPro’s existing and future direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries that is a borrower under, or guarantees, our indebtedness under the Revolving Credit Facility or guarantees any other Capital Markets Indebtedness (as defined in the indenture governing the Senior Notes) of EnPro or any of the guarantors.
Commencing on October 15, 2021, we may, on any one or more occasions, redeem all or a part of the Senior Notes at specified redemption prices plus accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, we may redeem a portion of the aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes before October 15, 2021 with the net cash proceeds from certain equity offerings at a specified redemption price plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the redemption date. Prior to October 15, 2021, we could redeem some or all of the Senior Notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the redemption date, plus a “make whole” premium.
Each holder of the Senior Notes may require us to repurchase some or all of the Senior Notes held by such holder for cash upon the occurrence of a defined “change of control” event. Our ability to redeem the Senior Notes prior to maturity is subject to certain conditions, including in certain cases the payment of make-whole amounts.
The indenture governing the Senior Notes requires us to apply the net cash proceeds of certain asset sales not reinvested in acquisitions, capital expenditures, or used to repay or otherwise reduce specified indebtedness within a specified period, to the extent the remaining net proceeds exceed a specified amount, to offer to repurchase the Senior Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest.
Contractual Obligations
A summary of our contractual obligations and commitments at December 31, 2022, is as follows:
Payments Due by Period (in millions)
Total Less than
1 Year 1-3
Years 3-5
Years More than
5 Years
Long-term debt $ 795.1 $ 15.6 $ 153.4 $ 626.0 $ 0.1
Interest on debt 161.2 45.9 80.0 35.3 -
Operating leases 53.0 10.7 16.8 11.6 13.9
Environmental liabilities 42.1 10.4 10.8 6.5 14.4
Total $ 1,051.4 $ 82.6 $ 261.0 $ 679.4 $ 28.4
The payments for long-term debt shown in the table above reflect the contractual principal amount for the Senior Notes and term loans under our Amended Credit Agreement. In our Consolidated Balance Sheet, these amounts are shown net of a debt discount of $4.4 million. Additional discussion regarding the Senior Notes and Amended Credit Agreement is included in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in “Liquidity and Capital Resources - Capital Resources,” and in Note 12, "Debt," to the consolidated financial statements. The interest on debt represents the contractual interest coupon. It does not include the debt discount accretion, which also is a component of interest expense.
Payments for other liabilities are estimates for other retained liabilities of previously owned businesses included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2022. These estimated payments, along with our estimated payments of environmental liabilities, are based on information currently known to us. However, it is possible that these estimates will vary from actual results and it is possible that these estimates may be updated if new information becomes available in the future or if there are changes in the facts and circumstances related to these liabilities. Additional discussion regarding these liabilities is included earlier in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in “Contingencies - Environmental" and "Contingencies - Crucible Steel Corporation a/k/a Crucible, Inc.,” and in Note 20, "Commitments and Contingencies," to the consolidated financial statements.
The table does not include obligations under our pension and postretirement benefit plans, which are included in Note 15, "Pension and Postretirement Benefits," to the consolidated financial statements.
Share Repurchase Program
In October 2018, our board of directors authorized a two-year program for expenditures of up to $50.0 million of our outstanding common shares. Prior to the expiration of this authorization, we repurchased 0.1 million shares for $5.3 million in 2020.
In October 2020, our board of directors authorized a two-year program of up to $50.0 million for the repurchase of our outstanding common shares. We did not make any repurchases under this authorization.
In October 2022, our board of directors authorized a new two-year program of up to $50.0 million for the repurchase of our outstanding common shares. We have not made any repurchases under this new authorization.
Dividends
On January 13, 2015, our board of directors adopted a policy under which it intends to declare regular quarterly cash dividends on EnPro’s common stock, with the determination of whether to declare a dividend and the amount being considered each quarter, after taking into account our cash flow, earnings, cash position, financial position and other relevant matters. In 2021, our board declared a dividend of $0.27 per share in each quarter, and on February 16, 2022 we announced that our board of directors had increased the quarterly dividend to $0.28 per share, commencing with the dividend to be paid on March 16, 2022 to all shareholders of record as of March 2, 2022. In 2022, our board declared a dividend of $0.28 per share in each quarter, and on February 16, 2023 we announced that our board of directors had increased the quarterly dividend to $0.29 per share, commencing with the dividend to be paid on March 15, 2023 to all shareholders of record as of March 1, 2023. Each of the Credit Agreement and the indenture governing the Senior Notes includes covenants restricting the payment of dividends, but includes a basket permitting the payment of cash dividends of up to $50.0 million per year under the Credit Agreement and $60.0 million per year under the indenture governing the Senior Notes. Other baskets may be available under that the agreement governing the Revolving Credit Facility and the indenture governing the Senior Notes to permit the payment of dividends in excess of the respective basket amount.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures pertaining to contingent assets and liabilities. Note 1, “Overview, Basis of Presentation, Significant Accounting Policies and Recently Issued Accounting Guidance,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements describes the significant accounting policies used to prepare the Consolidated Financial Statements and recently issued accounting guidance. On an ongoing basis we evaluate our estimates, including, but not limited to, those related to bad debts, inventories, intangible assets, income taxes, warranty obligations, restructuring, pensions and other postretirement benefits, and contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from our estimates.
We believe the following accounting estimates are the most critical. Some of them involve significant judgments and uncertainties and could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions.
Income Taxes
We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Temporary differences arising between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its carrying amount on the Consolidated Balance Sheet are used to calculate future income tax assets or liabilities. This method also requires the recognition of deferred tax benefits, such as net operating loss carryforwards. Valuation allowances are recorded as appropriate to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount considered likely to be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to the taxable income (losses) in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the date of enactment of the change. A tax benefit from an uncertain tax position is recognized only if we believe it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on its technical merits. If the recognition threshold for the tax position is met, only the portion of the tax benefit that we believe is greater than 50 percent likely to be realized is recorded. Our future results may include favorable or unfavorable adjustments to our estimated tax liabilities due to closure of income tax examinations, statute expirations, new regulatory or judicial pronouncements, changes in tax laws, changes in projected levels of taxable income, future tax planning strategies, or other relevant events.
Environmental
Although we believe past operations were in substantial compliance with the then applicable regulations, we or one or more of our subsidiaries are involved with various remediation activities or an investigation to determine responsibility for environmental conditions at 19 sites.
Our policy is to accrue environmental investigation and remediation costs when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. In general, due to uncertainties regarding, among other factors, changes to operating and monitoring requirements based on the ongoing performance of the remediation system and/or changes to applicable legal and regulatory requirements, we do not consider costs for remediation activities beyond five years to be reasonably estimable. To the extent that capital costs to be incurred more than five years out, such as costs for the construction or decommissioning of remediation systems, can be reasonable estimated such costs are included in our environmental reserves. For sites with multiple future projected cost scenarios for identified feasible investigation and remediation options where no one estimate is more likely than all the others, our policy is to accrue the lowest estimate among the range of estimates. The measurement of our liability is based on an evaluation of currently available facts with respect to each individual situation and takes into consideration factors such as existing technology, presently enacted laws and regulations and prior experience in the remediation of similar contaminated sites. Liabilities are established for all sites based on these factors. As assessments and remediation progress at individual sites, these liabilities are reviewed and adjusted to reflect additional technical data and legal information. Given the uncertainties regarding the status of laws, regulations, enforcement policies, the impact of other parties potentially being fully or partially liable, technology and information related to individual sites, we do not believe it is possible to develop an estimate of the range of reasonably possible environmental loss in excess of our recorded liabilities.
We believe that our accruals for specific environmental liabilities are adequate based on currently available information. Based upon limited information regarding any incremental remediation or other actions that may be required at these sites, we cannot estimate any further loss or a reasonably possible range of loss related to these matters. Actual costs to be incurred in future periods may vary from estimates because of the inherent uncertainties in evaluating environmental exposures due to unknown and changing conditions, changing government regulations and legal standards regarding liability.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of the net assets of acquired businesses. Goodwill is not amortized, but instead is subject to annual impairment testing that is conducted each calendar year in the fourth quarter. We transitioned from an October 1 annual testing date to a November 1 annual testing date in the fourth quarter of 2021. In making the transition, we performed annual impairment testing for all of our intangible assets on both dates in the fourth quarter of 2021.
The goodwill asset impairment test involves comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount. An impairment charge is recognized when the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized would not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Interim tests during the year may be required if an event occurs or circumstances change (a "triggering event") that in management's judgement would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its’ carrying amount.
To estimate the fair value of our five reporting units, we use both a discounted cash flow and a market valuation approach. The discounted cash flow approach uses cash flow projections and a discount rate to calculate the fair value of each reporting unit while the market approach relies on market multiples of similar companies. The key assumptions used for the discounted cash flow approach include projected revenues and profit margins, projected capital expenditures, changes in working capital, and the current discount and tax rates. For the market approach, we select a group of peer companies that we believe are best representative of each reporting unit. We used a 75% weighting for the discounted cash flow valuation approach and a 25% weighting for the market valuation approach, reflecting our belief that the discounted cash flow valuation approach is a better indicator of a reporting unit's value since it reflects the specific cash flows anticipated to be generated in the future by the business.
In the second quarter of 2022, we determined the performance of our Alluxa reporting unit to be a triggering event for an interim goodwill impairment test and, as a result, we performed an assessment as of June 30, 2022. The fair value of our Alluxa reporting unit, which is included in our Advanced Surface Technologies segment, and is allocated $126.0 million of goodwill, exceeded its carrying value by approximately 21% as of the interim testing date.
At the time of our annual test as of November 1, 2022, our updated forecast and projections based upon our annual strategic plan indicated that Alluxa’s cash flows were below the June 30, 2022 assessment estimates, and the discount rate to determine fair value utilizing the income approach was significantly higher. The projection and analysis indicated that the book
value of the Alluxa reporting unit exceeded fair value by $65.2 million which has been recognized as an impairment charge in the fourth quarter of 2022. The discount rate to determine the fair value of Alluxa increased from 12.0% as of November 1, 2021 to 14.6% as of November 1, 2022, resulting in a $50 million decline in the fair value of the Alluxa reporting unit utilizing the income approach. A 1% increase in the discount rate as of November 1, 2022 to 15.6% would decrease the fair value of the Alluxa reporting unit and result in an increase in the amount of the impairment being recognized by $11.2 million.
The fair value of our semiconductor reporting unit, included in the Advanced Surface Technologies segment, exceeded book value by approximately 21.8% as of November 1, 2022. A 1% increase in the discount rate as of November 1, 2022 would result in a decrease in the cushion in the test to 12.7%. Separately, a 1% decline in the year-over-year revenue growth rates over the projection period would lower the cushion to 17.3%. The combination of a 1% increase in the discount rate and a 1% decline in the year-over-year revenue growth rates would lower the cushion to 8.8%.
The fair value of the three reporting units of our Sealing Technologies segment all exceeded their respective carrying values by more than 60% as of November 1, 2022. We completed our annual impairment tests of goodwill as of November 1, 2021, October 1, 2021 and 2020 with no impairment indicated.
Annual assessments are conducted in the context of information that was reasonably available to us as of the date of the assessment including our best estimates of future sales volumes and prices; material and labor cost and availability; operational efficiency including the impact of projected capital asset additions, and the then current discount rates and tax rates. We will perform our next annual goodwill impairment tests as of November 1, 2023; or earlier, if adverse changes in circumstances result in our assessment that a triggering event has occurred at any of our reporting units and an interim test is required.
Other intangible assets are recorded at cost or, when acquired as a part of a business combination, at estimated fair value. These assets include customer relationships, patents and other technology-related assets, trademarks, licenses, and non-compete agreements. Intangible assets that have definite lives are amortized using a method that reflects the pattern in which the economic benefits of the assets are consumed or the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of 1 to 21 years. Intangible assets with indefinite lives are subject to at least annual impairment testing, which were conducted as of November 1 in 2022 and 2021, and as of October 1, 2021 and 2020. The impairment testing compares the fair value of the intangible asset with its’ carrying amount using the relief from royalty method. The test completed as of November 1, 2022 and 2021, indicated no impairment. Interim tests may be required if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value below the carrying value or change the useful life of the asset.
In 2020, sales declines by businesses utilizing two of the indefinite-lived trademarks within our Sealing Technologies segment were determined to be triggering events for an interim impairment analysis. Based on the results of this analysis, we recorded a $16.1 million impairment of indefinite-lived trademarks in the third quarter of 2020.
Many of the factors used in assessing fair value are outside the control of management, and it is reasonably likely that assumptions and estimates will change in future periods. These changes could result in future impairments. For additional information, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Overview” as well as Notes 1 and 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Impact of Pending Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 1, "Overview, Basis of Presentation, Significant Accounting Policies and Recently Issued Accounting Guidance," to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recently issued accounting guidance that we have not yet adopted.
Contingencies
A description of our contingencies is included in Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Supplemental Guarantor Financial Information
On October 17, 2018, we completed the offering of the Senior Notes and applied the net proceeds of that offering, together with borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, to redeem all of the Old Notes on October 31, 2018. The Senior Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on an unsecured, unsubordinated, joint and several basis by our existing and future wholly owned direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries, that are each guarantors of our Revolving Credit Facility, including subsidiaries that were wholly owned at the time they provided the guarantee but thereafter became majority owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”). The Guarantor Subsidiaries at December 31, 2020 comprise all of our
consolidated domestic subsidiaries at that date. Our subsidiaries organized outside of the United States, (collectively, the “Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries”) did not guarantee the Old Notes and do not guarantee the Senior Notes.
The Guarantor Subsidiaries jointly and severally guarantee on an unsecured, unsubordinated basis the performance and punctual payment when due, whether at stated maturity of the Senior Notes, by acceleration or otherwise, all of our obligations under the Senior Notes and the indenture governing the Senior Notes (the “Indenture”), whether for payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Senior Notes, expenses, indemnification or otherwise (all such obligations guaranteed by the Guarantor Subsidiaries are referred to as the “Guaranteed Obligations”). The Guarantor Subsidiaries have jointly and severally agreed to pay, in addition to the obligations stated above, any and all expenses (including reasonable counsel fees and expenses) incurred by the trustee (the “Trustee”) under the Indenture in enforcing any rights under their guarantees of the Guaranteed Obligations.
Each guarantee of a Guarantor Subsidiary is limited to an amount not to exceed the maximum amount that can be guaranteed by it without rendering the guarantee, as it relates to such Guarantor Subsidiary, voidable under applicable law relating to fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally. Each guarantee of a Guarantor Subsidiary is a continuing guarantee and shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Trustee, the holders of the Senior Notes and their successors, transferees and assigns and, subject to the provisions described in the following sentence, remains in full force and effect until payment in full of all of the Guaranteed Obligations of such Guarantor Subsidiary and is binding upon such Guarantor Subsidiary and its successors. A guarantee of the Senior Notes by a Guarantor Subsidiary is subject to release in the following circumstances: (i) the sale, disposition, exchange or other transfer (including through merger, consolidation, amalgamation or otherwise) of the capital stock of the subsidiary made in a manner not in violation of the Indenture; (ii) the designation of the subsidiary as an “Unrestricted Subsidiary” under the Indenture; (iii) the legal defeasance or covenant defeasance of the Senior Notes in accordance with the terms of the Indenture; or (iv) the subsidiary ceasing to be our subsidiary as a result of any foreclosure of any pledge or security interest securing our Revolving Credit Facility or other exercise of remedies in respect thereof.
The following tables present summarized financial information for EnPro Industries, Inc. (the "Parent") and the Guarantor Subsidiaries on a combined basis after intercompany eliminations.
The summarized results of operations information for the year ended December 31, 2022 was as follows:
(In Millions) Parent and Guarantor Subsidiaries
Net sales $ 797.8
Gross profit $ 257.7
Loss from continuing operations $ (84.8)
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes 60.2
Net loss $ (24.6)
Net loss attributable to Enpro Industries, Inc $ (21.8)
Of the $60.2 million reported in income from discontinued operations, net of taxes, $53.1 million related to gain on the sale of discontinued operations recognized by a subsidiary that is guarantor of the Senior Notes and the remaining $7.1 million related to the operations of former subsidiary guarantors of the Senior Notes included in discontinued operations, which, as of the date of this report, have been divested and are no longer guarantors of the Senior Notes.
The summarized balance sheet information at December 31, 2022 was as follows:
(In Millions) Parent and Guarantor Subsidiaries
ASSETS
Current assets $ 454.5
Non-current assets
1,517.3
Total assets
$ 1,971.8
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities $ 158.5
Non-current liabilities
1,067.6
Total liabilities
1,226.1
Redeemable non-controlling interest 17.9
Shareholders’ equity 727.8
Total liabilities and equity $ 1,971.8
The table above reflects $11.7 million of current intercompany receivables due to the Guarantor Subsidiaries from the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries and $9.3 million of current intercompany payables due to the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries from the Guarantor Subsidiaries within current assets and liabilities held and used.
The Senior Notes are structurally subordinated to the indebtedness and other liabilities of the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries. The Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities and have no obligation, contingent or otherwise, to pay any amounts due pursuant to the Senior Notes or the Indenture, or to make any funds available therefor, whether by dividends, loans, distributions or other payments. Any right that the Company or the Guarantor Subsidiaries have to receive any assets of any of the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries upon the liquidation or reorganization of any Non-Guarantor Subsidiary, and the consequent rights of holders of Senior Notes to realize proceeds from the sale of any of a Non-Guarantor Subsidiary’s assets, would be effectively subordinated to the claims of such Non-Guarantor Subsidiary’s creditors, including trade creditors and holders of preferred equity interests, if any, of such Non-Guarantor Subsidiary. Accordingly, in the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization of any of the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries, the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries will pay the holders of their debts, holders of preferred equity interests, if any, and their trade creditors before they will be able to distribute any of their assets to the Company or any Guarantor Subsidiaries.
If a Guarantor Subsidiary were to become a debtor in a case under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or encounter other financial difficulty, under federal or state fraudulent transfer or conveyance law, a court may avoid, subordinate or otherwise decline to enforce its guarantee of the Senior Notes. A court might do so if it is found that when such Guarantor Subsidiary entered into its guarantee of the Senior Notes, or in some states when payments became due under the Senior Notes, such Guarantor Subsidiary received less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration and either:
•was insolvent or rendered insolvent by reason of such incurrence;
•was left with unreasonably small or otherwise inadequate capital to conduct our business; or
•believed or reasonably should have believed that it would incur debts beyond its ability to pay.
The court might also avoid the guarantee of the Senior Notes without regard to the above factors, if the court found that the Guarantor Subsidiary entered into its guarantee with actual intent to hinder, delay or defraud our creditors.
A court would likely find that a Guarantor Subsidiary did not receive reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration for its guarantee of the Senior Notes, if such Guarantor Subsidiary did not substantially benefit directly or indirectly from the funding made available by the issuance of the Senior Notes. If a court were to avoid a guarantee of the Senior Notes provided by a Guarantor Subsidiary, holders of the Senior Notes would no longer have any claim against such Guarantor Subsidiary. The measures of insolvency for purposes of these fraudulent transfer or conveyance laws will vary depending upon the law applied in any proceeding to determine whether a fraudulent transfer or conveyance has occurred, such that we cannot predict what standards a court would use to determine whether or not a Guarantor Subsidiary was solvent at the relevant time or, regardless of the standard that a court uses, that the guarantee of a Guarantor Subsidiary would not be subordinated to such Guarantor Subsidiary’s other debt. As noted above, each guarantee provided by a Guarantor Subsidiary includes a provision intended to limit the Guarantor Subsidiary’s liability to the maximum amount that it could incur without causing the incurrence of obligations under its guarantee to be a fraudulent transfer or conveyance. This provision may not be effective to protect those
guarantees from being avoided under fraudulent transfer or conveyance law, or it may reduce that Guarantor Subsidiary’s obligation to an amount that effectively makes its guarantee worthless, and we cannot predict whether a court will ultimately find it to be effective.
On the basis of historical financial information, operating history and other factors, we believe that each of the Guarantor Subsidiaries, after giving effect to the issuance of its guarantee of the Senior Notes when such guarantee was issued, was not insolvent, did not have unreasonably small capital for the business in which it engaged and did not and has not incurred debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature. We cannot assure you, however, as to what standard a court would apply in making these determinations or that a court would agree with our conclusions in this regard.
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to the Comparable GAAP Measures
Reconciliation of Adjusted Income from Continuing Operations Attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc.
We believe that it would be helpful to the readers of the financial statements to understand the impact of certain selected items on our reported income from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. and diluted earnings per share attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. continuing operations, including items that may recur from time to time. The items adjusted for in these non-GAAP financial measures are those that are excluded by management in budgeting or projecting for performance in future periods, as they typically relate to events specific to the period in which they occur. Accordingly, these are some of the factors the company uses in internal evaluations of the overall performance of its businesses. In addition, management believes these non-GAAP financial measures are commonly used financial measures for investors to evaluate the company’s operating performance and, when read in conjunction with the company’s consolidated financial statements, present a useful tool to evaluate the company’s ongoing operations and performance from period to period. Management acknowledges that there are many items that impact a company’s reported results and the adjustments reflected in these non-GAAP financial measures are not intended to present all items that may have impacted these results. In addition, these non-GAAP measures are not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.
A reconciliation of (i) income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. to adjusted income from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc., including on a per share basis, and (ii) income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. to adjusted EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
Years Ended December 31,
2022 2021
(In Millions Except Per Share Amounts) $ Average common shares outstanding, diluted Per Share $ Average common shares outstanding, diluted Per Share
Income from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. $ 6.7 20.9 $ 0.32 $ 56.9 20.8 $ 2.74
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable non-controlling interests (2.8) 0.4
Income tax expense 24.4 8.7
Income from continuing operations before income taxes 28.3 66.0
Adjustments from selling, general, and administrative:
Acquisition and divestiture expenses 1.2 15.6
Non-controlling interest compensation allocation1
(0.7) 4.9
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets 74.8 42.1
Adjustments from other operating expense and cost of sales:
Restructuring and impairment costs 2.9 2.5
Amortization of the fair value adjustment to acquisition inventory 13.1 9.4
Adjustments from other non-operating expense
Asbestos receivable adjustment 2.8 -
Environmental reserve adjustments 5.1 8.3
Costs associated with previously disposed businesses 0.3 0.4
Net loss (gain) on sale of businesses 0.6 (17.5)
Pension income (non-service cost) (3.6) (8.4)
Tax indemnification asset 2
0.9 3.0
Goodwill impairment 60.6 -
Foreign exchange losses related to the divestiture of GGB5
3.8 -
Other adjustments 6
Other 0.2 (0.2)
Adjusted income from continuing operations before income taxes 190.3 126.1
Adjusted tax expense (51.3) (37.8)
Income from redeemable non-controlling interest, net of taxes 2.8 (0.4)
Adjusted income from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. $ 141.8 20.9 $ 6.79 3 $ 87.9 20.8 $ 4.23 3
Year Ended December 31,
(In Millions Except Per Share Amounts) $ Average common shares outstanding, diluted Per Share
Loss from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. $ (21.4) 20.5 $ (1.05)
Net income attributable to redeemable non-controlling interests 0.4
Income tax benefit (2.5)
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes (23.5)
Adjustments from selling, general, and administrative:
Acquisition and divestiture expenses 10.9
Non-controlling interest compensation allocation1
2.6
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets 34.1
Adjustments from other operating expense and cost of sales:
Restructuring and impairment costs 14.3
Amortization of the fair value adjustment to acquisition inventory 2.8
Impairment of indefinite-lived trademarks 16.1
Adjustments from other non-operating expense
Environmental reserve adjustments 36.0
Costs associated with previously disposed businesses 2.1
Loss on extinguishment of debt 2.7
Pensions expense (non-service cost) (3.1)
Other adjustments 6
Other 0.2
Adjusted income from continuing operations before income taxes 95.2
Adjusted tax expense (28.6)
Income from redeemable non-controlling interest, net of taxes (0.4)
Adjusted income from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. $ 66.2 20.6 4
3.21 3
Adjustments in the tables above only reflect amounts attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc.
1 Non-controlling interest compensation allocation represents compensation expense associated with a portion of the rollover equity from the acquisitions of LeanTeq and Alluxa that was and is subject to reduction for certain types of employment terminations of the LeanTeq and Alluxa sellers and is directly related to the terms of the respective acquisition. This expense will continue to be recognized as compensation expense over the term of the put and call options associated with the acquisition unless certain employment terminations have occurred. In the fourth quarter of 2022, EnPro acquired all of the LeanTeq non-controlling interests.
2 In connection with the acquisition of Aseptic in 2019, we recognized a liability for uncertain tax positions and a related indemnification asset for the portion of that liability recoverable from the seller. We determined the statute of limitations expired on some of the uncertain tax positions in 2021 and 2022 and, accordingly, removed a portion of the liability and receivable. The release of the related liability was recorded as part of our tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2022 and the reversal of the related receivable was recorded as an expense in other non-operating income (expense) on our consolidated statement of operations.
3Adjusted diluted earnings per share.
4 There were 0.1 million potentially dilutive shares in the year ended December 31, 2020 that were excluded from the calculation of consolidated earnings per share in that period since they were antidilutive. These shares were added back for the purpose of calculating adjusted income from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. per share.
5 In connection with the sale of GGB, accounted for as a discontinued operation, in the fourth quarter of 2022, we issued an intercompany note between a domestic and foreign entity that was denominated in a foreign currency. As a result of this note, we recorded a loss due to the change in exchange rate during December 2022. In January 2023, we hedged the outstanding notes and expect future gains or losses to be minimal.
6 Other adjustments are included in selling, general, and administrative, cost of sales, and other operating expenses on the consolidated statement of operations.
The adjusted income tax expense presented above is calculated using a normalized company-wide effective tax rate excluding discrete items of 27.0% for 2022 and 30.0% for 2021 and 2020. Per share amounts were calculated by dividing by the weighted-average shares of diluted common stock outstanding during the periods.
Reconciliation of Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations Attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. to Adjusted EBITDA
Years Ended December 31,
2022 2021 2020
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. $ 6.7 $ 56.9 $ (21.4)
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable non-controlling interests (2.8) 0.4 0.4
Income (loss) from continuing operations 3.9 57.3 (21.0)
Adjustments to arrive at earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation, amortization, and other selected items (" Adjusted EBITDA"):
Interest expense, net 33.9 13.7 14.9
Income tax expense (benefit) 24.4 8.7 (2.5)
Depreciation and amortization expense 103.1 63.8 56.6
Restructuring and impairment expense 2.9 2.5 14.3
Environmental reserve adjustments 5.1 8.3 36.0
Costs associated with previously disposed businesses 0.3 0.4 2.1
Net loss (gain) on sale of businesses 0.6 (17.5) 2.7
Acquisition and divestiture expense 1.2 15.6 11.2
Pension income (non-service cost) (3.6) (8.4) (3.1)
Non-controlling interest compensation allocations 1
(0.6) 5.3 2.9
Impairment of indefinite-lived trademarks - - 16.1
Asbestos receivable adjustment 2.8 - -
Amortization of the fair value adjustment to acquisition date inventory 13.3 9.9 3.0
Tax indemnification asset 2
0.9 3.0 -
Goodwill impairment 65.2 - -
Foreign exchange losses related to the divestiture of GGB3
3.8 - -
Other 0.2 (0.2) 0.2
Adjusted EBITDA $ 257.4 $ 162.4 $ 133.4
1 Non-controlling interest compensation allocation represents compensation expense associated with a portion of the rollover equity from the acquisitions of LeanTeq and Alluxa that was and is subject to reduction for certain types of employment terminations of the LeanTeq Executives and the Alluxa Executives and is directly related to the terms of the respective acquisition. This expense will continue to be recognized as compensation expense over the term of the put and call options associated with the acquisition unless certain employment terminations have occurred. In the fourth quarter of 2022, EnPro acquired all of the LeanTeq non-controlling interests.
2 In connection with the acquisition of Aseptic in 2019, we recognized a liability for uncertain tax positions and a related indemnification asset for the portion of that liability recoverable from the seller. We determined the statute of limitations expired on some of the uncertain tax positions in 2021 and, accordingly, removed a portion of the liability and receivable. The release of the related liability was recorded as part of our tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 and the reversal of the related receivable was recorded as an expense in other non-operating income (expense) on our consolidated statement of operations.
3In connection with the sale of GGB, accounted for as a discontinued operation, in the fourth quarter of 2022, we issued an intercompany note between a domestic and foreign entity that was denominated in a foreign currency. As a result of this note, we recorded a loss due to the change in exchange rate during December 2022. In January 2023, we hedged the outstanding notes and expect future gains or losses to be minimal.
Adjusted EBITDA as presented in the table above also represents the amount defined as "EBITDA" under the indenture governing the Senior Notes.
Reconciliation of Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations Attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. to Total Adjusted Segment EBITDA
The reconciliation of income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to EnPro Industries, Inc. to total adjusted segment EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 is included in “-Results of Operations."

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to certain market risks as part of our ongoing business operations, including risks from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates that could affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We manage our exposure to these and other market risks through normal operating and financing activities and through the use of derivative financial instruments. We intend to use derivative financial instruments as risk management tools and not for speculative investment purposes.
Interest Rate Risk
We are exposed to interest rate risk as a result of our outstanding debt obligations. The table below provides information about the maturities of our fixed rate debt obligations as of December 31, 2022. The table represents principal cash flows (in millions) and related weighted average interest rates by the contractual maturity dates.
2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 Total Fair
Value
Fixed rate debt $ 0.2 $ 0.2 $ 0.2 $ 350.2 $ 0.1 $ 350.9 $ 344.6
Average interest rate 4.0 % 4.0 % 4.1 % 5.8 % 5.1 % 5.8 %
The table above excludes unamortized debt discount of $3.1 million at December 31, 2022.
Additionally, we had $441.1 million outstanding on the Amended Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2022, which has a variable interest rate that adjusts at least quarterly. A change in interest rates on variable-rate debt affects the interest expense incurred and cash flows, but does not affect the net balance sheet liability of the financial instrument.
Foreign Currency Risk
We are exposed to foreign currency risks arising from normal business operations. These risks include the translation of local currency balances of our foreign subsidiaries, intercompany loans with foreign subsidiaries and transactions denominated in foreign currencies. Our objective is to control our exposure to these risks and limit the volatility in our reported earnings due to foreign currency fluctuations through our normal operating activities and, where appropriate, through foreign currency forward contracts and option contracts. In December 2022, we entered into a forward contract to hedge a 95 million Euro exposure of an intercompany note agreement related to the proceeds from the GGB sale allocated to foreign subsidiaries. We expect this position to be resolved in 2023. The notional amount of foreign exchange contracts hedging foreign currency transactions was $103.3 million and $3.3 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. All foreign exchange contracts outstanding at December 31, 2022 expired in January 2023.
Commodity Risk
We source a wide variety of materials and components from a network of global suppliers. While such materials are typically available from numerous suppliers, commodity raw materials such as steel, engineered plastics, copper and polymers, are subject to price fluctuations, which could have a negative impact on our results. We strive to pass along such commodity price increases to customers to avoid profit margin erosion and utilize lean initiatives to further mitigate the impact of commodity raw material price fluctuations as we achieve improved efficiencies. We do not hedge commodity risk with any market risk sensitive instruments.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ENPRO INDUSTRIES, INC.
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 238)
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Not applicable.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)). The purpose of our disclosure controls and procedures is to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, including this report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Based on the controls evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2022 to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including its chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the period covered by this report. In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in the Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013). Based on our assessment, we have concluded, as of December 31, 2022, our internal control over financial reporting was effective based on those criteria.
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Management does not expect our disclosure controls and procedures or internal controls to prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived or operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with polices or procedures. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies and procedures may deteriorate.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2022 that materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Not applicable.

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Information concerning our directors and officers appearing under the captions “Election of directors,” “Corporate governance policies and practices,” and information under the caption “Beneficial ownership of our common stock; - Delinquent Section 16(a) reports” in our definitive proxy statement for the 2023 annual meeting of shareholders is incorporated herein by reference.
We have adopted a written code of business conduct (the "Code") that applies to all of our directors, officers and employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer. The Code is available on our Internet site at www.enproindustries.com. We intend to disclose on our Internet site any substantive changes to the Code and any waivers granted under the Code to the specified officers.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information set forth under the captions "Compensation and Human Resources Committee report on executive compensation," "Compensation discussion and analysis" and “Executive compensation” (other than the information appearing under the heading "Payment versus performance") in our definitive proxy statement for the 2023 annual meeting of shareholders is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Security ownership data appearing under the caption “Beneficial ownership of our common stock” in our definitive proxy statement for the 2023 annual meeting of shareholders is incorporated herein by reference.
The table below contains information as of December 31, 2022, with respect to our compensation plans and arrangements (other than our tax-qualified plans) under which we have options, warrants or rights to receive equity securities authorized for issuance.
Plan Category Number of Securities
to be Issued Upon
Exercise of Outstanding
Options, Warrants
and Rights Weighted-Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights Number of Securities
Remaining Available for
Future Issuance Under
Equity Compensation
Plans (Excluding
Securities Reflected in
Column (a))
(a) (b) (c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders 461,356(1)
$70.46(2)
1,015,808
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders - - -
Total 461,356(1)
$70.46(2)
1,015,808
(1)Includes shares issuable under restricted share unit awards under our shareholder-approved equity compensation plans.
(2)The weighted average exercise price does not take into account awards of phantom shares or restricted share units. Information with respect to these awards is incorporated by reference to the information appearing under the captions “Corporate governance policies and practices - Director compensation,” "Compensation discussion and analysis - 2022 executive compensation decisions in detail -Long-term compensation and “Executive compensation - Grants of plan based awards - Restricted stock unit awards” in our definitive proxy statement for the 2023 annual meeting of shareholders.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Information concerning the independence of our directors is set forth under the caption, “Corporate governance policies and practices - Director independence” in our definitive proxy statement for the 2023 annual meeting of shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Information appearing under the caption “Independent registered public accounting firm” in our definitive proxy statement for the 2023 annual meeting of shareholders is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)The following documents are filed as part of this report:
1.Financial Statements
The financial statements filed as part of this report are listed in Part II, Item 8 of this report on the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements.
2.Financial Statement Schedule
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 appears on page 99.
Other schedules are omitted because of the absence of conditions under which they are required or because the required information is provided in the Consolidated Financial Statements or notes thereto.
3. Exhibits
The exhibits to this report on Form 10-K are listed in the Exhibit Index appearing on pages 47 to 50.