EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 730263
Filing Year: 2024
Filename: 730263_10-K_2024_0000730263-24-000010.json

---

ITEM 1. BUSINESS
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
General
Our Company was founded in 1980 and has grown to become the largest manufacturer of recreational vehicles (“RVs”) in the world. We are also the largest manufacturer of RVs in North America, and one of the largest manufacturers of RVs in Europe. The Company manufactures a wide variety of RVs in the United States (“U.S.”) and Europe, and sells those vehicles, as well as related parts and accessories, primarily to independent, non-franchise dealers throughout the United States, Canada and Europe. We are incorporated in Delaware and are the successor to a corporation of the same name which was incorporated in Nevada on July 29, 1980. Our principal executive office is located at 601 East Beardsley Avenue, Elkhart, Indiana 46514 and our telephone number is (574) 970-7460. Our Internet address is www.thorindustries.com. We maintain copies of our recent filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), available free of charge, on our web site. Unless the context otherwise requires or indicates, all references to “THOR”, the “Company”, “we”, “our” and “us” refer to THOR Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Our principal North American recreational vehicle operating subsidiaries are Airstream, Inc. (“Airstream”), Heartland Recreational Vehicles, LLC (“Heartland”, which includes Cruiser RV, LLC (“CRV”) and DRV, LLC (“DRV”)), Jayco, Inc. (“Jayco”, which includes Jayco, Starcraft, Highland Ridge and Entegra Coach), Keystone RV Company (“Keystone”, which includes CrossRoads and Dutchmen), K.Z., Inc. (“KZ”, which includes Venture RV), Thor Motor Coach, Inc. (“Thor Motor Coach”) and Tiffin Motorhomes, Inc. (“Tiffin Group”).
Our European recreational vehicle operations include eight primary RV production locations producing numerous brands within Europe, including Buccaneer, Buerstner, Carado, CrossCamp, Dethleffs, Elddis, Eriba, Etrusco, Hymer, Laika, LMC, Niesmann+Bischoff, Sunlight and Xplore.
North American Recreational Vehicles
For the fiscal years ended July 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, THOR, through its operating subsidiaries, is the largest manufacturer of RVs in North America, by units sold and revenue, based on retail statistics published by Statistical Surveys, Inc. (“Stat Surveys”) and other reported data. Our North American operating subsidiaries are as follows:
Airstream
Airstream manufactures and sells premium quality travel trailers and motorhomes. Airstream travel trailers are distinguished by their rounded shape and bright aluminum finish and, in our opinion, constitute the most recognized product in the recreational vehicle industry. Airstream manufactures and sells travel trailers under the trade names Airstream Classic, Airstream Pottery Barn, Globetrotter, International, Tradewind, Flying Cloud, Caravel, Bambi and Basecamp. Airstream also sells the Interstate, Atlas and Rangeline series of Class B motorhomes.
Heartland
Heartland manufactures and sells conventional travel trailers and fifth wheels and includes the operations of Heartland, Cruiser RV and DRV. Heartland, including Cruiser RV and DRV, manufactures and sells conventional travel trailers and fifth wheels under trade names such as Bighorn, Trail Runner, North Trail, Cyclone, Torque, Prowler, Milestone, Shadow Cruiser, MPG, Hitch, Sundance and Stryker and luxury fifth wheels under the trade name DRV Mobile Suites.
Jayco
Jayco manufactures and sells conventional travel trailers, fifth wheels and motorhomes, and includes the operations of Jayco, Starcraft, Highland Ridge and Entegra Coach. Jayco manufactures and sells conventional travel trailers and fifth wheels under trade names such as Jay Flight, Jay Feather, Eagle and Pinnacle, and also manufactures Class A, Class C and Class B motorhomes under trade names such as Alante, Precept, Greyhawk and Redhawk. Starcraft manufactures and sells conventional travel trailers and fifth wheels under trade names such as Autumn Ridge and Super Lite. Highland Ridge manufactures and sells conventional travel trailers and fifth wheels under trade names such as Open Range. Entegra Coach manufactures and sells Class A motorhomes under trade names such as Insignia, Aspire, Anthem and Cornerstone and Class A, Class B and Class C motorhomes under trade names such as Odyssey, Esteem and Emblem.
Keystone
Keystone manufactures and sells conventional travel trailers and fifth wheels and includes the operations of Keystone, Dutchmen and CrossRoads. Keystone manufactures and sells conventional travel trailers and fifth wheels under trade names such as Montana, Springdale, Hideout, Sprinter, Outback, Arcadia, Bullet, Fuzion, Raptor, Passport, Cougar and Coleman, while the Dutchmen travel trailer and fifth wheel trade names include Kodiak, Aspen Trail, Astoria, Voltage and Colorado. CrossRoads manufactures and sells conventional travel trailers and fifth wheels under trade names such as Cruiser, Volante, Sunset Trail and Zinger and luxury fifth wheels under the trade name Redwood.
KZ
KZ manufactures and sells conventional travel trailers and fifth wheels and includes the operations of KZ and Venture RV. KZ manufactures and sells conventional travel trailers and fifth wheels under trade names such as Classic, Escape, Sportsmen, Connect, Venom, Gold, Durango and Sportster, while Venture RV manufactures and sells conventional travel trailers under trade names such as Stratus, SportTrek and Sonic.
Thor Motor Coach
Thor Motor Coach manufactures and sells gasoline and diesel Class A, Class B and Class C motorhomes. Its products are sold under trade names such as Ace, Aria, Axis, Challenger, Chateau, Compass, Dazzle, Delano, Echelon, Four Winds, Gemini, Geneva, Hurricane, Inception, Indigo, Luminate, Magnitude, Miramar, Omni, Outlaw, Palazzo, Palazzo GT, Quantum, Resonate, Rize, Riviera, Sanctuary, Scope, Sequence, Tellaro, Tiburon, Tranquility, Tuscany, Twist, Vegas and Windsport.
Tiffin Group
The Tiffin Group manufactures and sells conventional motorhomes and includes the operations of Tiffin Motorhomes, Inc. Tiffin Motorhomes, Inc. manufactures and sells premium diesel and gasoline Class A, Class C and Class B motorhomes under trade names such as Allegro, Allegro Bay, Allegro Breeze, Allegro Bus, Allegro Red, Byway, GH1, Midas, Phaeton, Wayfarer and Zephyr.
European Recreational Vehicles
THOR, through its Erwin Hymer Group (“EHG”) operating subsidiary, is a leading manufacturer of recreational vehicles in Europe, according to statistics published by the Caravaning Industry Association e.V. (“CIVD”) and the European Caravan Foundation (“ECF”).
Erwin Hymer Group
EHG manufactures towable and motorized recreational vehicles, including motorcaravans, caravans, campervans and urban vehicles in eight primary RV production locations within Europe. EHG produces and sells numerous brands primarily within Europe, such as Buccaneer, Buerstner, Carado, CrossCamp, Dethleffs, Elddis, Eriba, Etrusco, Hymer, Laika, LMC, Niesmann+Bischoff, Sunlight and Xplore. In addition, EHG’s operations include other RV-related products and services.
Other
Airxcel
Airxcel, Inc. (“Airxcel”), through its operating divisions and subsidiaries (including Aqua-Hot, Cleer Vision Windows, Coleman-Mach, Dicor Products, InVision, Maxxair, MCD Innovations, Suburban, United Shade, Velarium and Vixen Composites) manufactures a comprehensive line of high-quality RV-related products which they sell primarily to RV original equipment manufacturers as well as consumers via aftermarket sales through dealers and retailers.
Postle
Postle Operating, LLC (“Postle”) manufactures and sells aluminum extrusions and specialized component products to RV and other manufacturers.
Product Line Sales and Segment Information
The Company has three reportable segments: (1) North American Towable Recreational Vehicles, (2) North American Motorized Recreational Vehicles and (3) European Recreational Vehicles. The North American Towable Recreational Vehicles reportable segment consists of the following operating segments that have been aggregated: Airstream (towable), Heartland (including Cruiser RV and DRV), Jayco (including Jayco towable, Starcraft and Highland Ridge), Keystone (including CrossRoads and Dutchmen), and KZ (including Venture RV). The North American Motorized Recreational Vehicles reportable segment consists of the following operating segments that have been aggregated: Airstream (motorized), Jayco (including Jayco motorized and Entegra Coach), Thor Motor Coach and the Tiffin Group. The European Recreational Vehicles reportable segment consists solely of the EHG business. EHG manufactures a full line of motorized and towable recreational vehicles, including motorcaravans, campervans, urban vehicles and caravans in eight RV production locations within Europe.
The operations of the Company’s Airxcel and Postle subsidiaries are included in “Other” in Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Net sales included in Other primarily relate to the sale of aluminum extrusions and specialized RV component products. Intercompany eliminations adjust for Airxcel and Postle sales to the Company’s North American Towable and North American Motorized segments, which are consummated at established transfer prices generally consistent with the selling prices of such components to third-party customers.
Total assets include those assets used in the operation of each reportable and non-reportable segment, and the Corporate assets consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, deferred income taxes, deferred compensation plan assets, equity and other investments and certain Corporate real estate holdings primarily utilized by certain U.S.-based operating subsidiaries.
The table below sets forth the contribution of each of the Company’s reportable segments to net sales in each of the last three fiscal years:
2024 2023 2022
Amount % Amount % Amount %
Recreational vehicles:
North American Towable $ 3,679,671 36.6 $ 4,202,628 37.8 $ 8,661,945 53.1
North American Motorized 2,445,850 24.4 3,314,170 29.8 3,979,647 24.4
European 3,364,980 33.5 3,037,147 27.3 2,887,453 17.7
Total recreational vehicles 9,490,501 94.5 10,553,945 94.9 15,529,045 95.2
Other (1)
781,927 7.8 777,639 7.0 1,225,824 7.5
Intercompany eliminations (229,020) (2.3) (209,979) (1.9) (442,344) (2.7)
Total $ 10,043,408 100.0 $ 11,121,605 100.0 $ 16,312,525 100.0
(1)Other totals include 11 months of operations in FY 2022 for Airxcel from the September 1, 2021 acquisition date.
For additional information regarding our segments, see Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Recreational Vehicles
Overview
We manufacture a wide variety of recreational vehicles in the United States and Europe and sell those vehicles, as well as related parts and accessories, primarily to independent, non-franchise dealers throughout the United States, Canada and Europe. North American recreational vehicle classifications are based upon standards established by the RV Industry Association (“RVIA”). The principal types of recreational vehicles that we produce in North America include conventional travel trailers and fifth wheels as well as Class A, Class C and Class B motorhomes. In Europe, we produce numerous types of motorized and towable recreational vehicles, including motorcaravans, campervans, urban vehicles, caravans and other RV-related products and services.
North American Recreational Vehicles
Travel trailers are non-motorized vehicles which are designed to be towed by passenger automobiles, pickup trucks, SUVs or vans. Travel trailers provide comfortable, self-contained living facilities for camping, vacationing and multiple other purposes. Within North America we produce “conventional” and “fifth wheel” trailers. Conventional trailers are towed by means of a frame hitch attached to the towing vehicle. Fifth wheel trailers, designed to be towed by pickup trucks, are constructed with a raised forward section that is attached to a receiver in the bed area of the pickup truck.
A motorhome is a self-powered vehicle built on a motor vehicle chassis. Motorhomes are self-contained with their own lighting, heating, cooking, refrigeration, sewage holding and water storage facilities, so that they can be utilized without being attached to utilities.
Within North America, Class A motorhomes, generally constructed on medium-duty truck chassis, are supplied complete with engine and drivetrain components by motor vehicle manufacturers such as Ford, Freightliner and The Shyft Group. We design, manufacture and install the living area and driver’s compartment of Class A motorhomes. Class C and Class B motorhomes are generally built on a Ford, General Motors or Mercedes-Benz small truck or van chassis, which includes an engine, drivetrain components and a finished cab section. We construct a living area which has access to the driver’s compartment and attaches to the cab section. Although they are not designed for permanent or semi-permanent living, motorhomes can provide comfortable living facilities for camping, vacationing and multiple other purposes.
European Recreational Vehicles
In Europe, a caravan is a travel trailer which is a non-motorized vehicle designed to be towed by passenger automobiles, SUVs or vans. Caravans provide comfortable, self-contained living facilities for camping, vacationing and multiple other purposes. In Europe, the focus is on lighter and smaller caravans that can even be towed by small passenger cars.
Motorcaravans are similar to the Class A and Class C motorized products in the North American market. Motorcaravans include various types such as integrated, semi-integrated and alcove, and are generally constructed on light-duty truck chassis, supplied complete with engine and drivetrain components by chassis manufacturers such as Stellantis, Mercedes-Benz, Ford and Iveco. The main difference between European motorcaravans as compared to RVs in the North American market is that the focus in Europe is on lighter and smaller vehicles due to weight restrictions and driving license requirements.
An integrated motorcaravan contains driving and passenger space that is completely integrated into the vehicle, along with the living area, which creates a great feeling of openness. The driver/passenger and living areas are made of one compartment and form a single unit.
A semi-integrated motorcaravan is one in which the cab (driver/passenger compartment) belongs to the chassis. This means that the existing driver/passenger area is complemented by an attached living area. As a result, the advantages of the basic vehicle are enhanced by mobile living.
An alcove motorcaravan is one where there is an additional sleeping space located above the driver’s cab. This superstructure is called an “alcove,” and it comprises sleeping accommodations for two people. Behind the driver’s cab is an additional bedroom and a living space with basic equipment.
A campervan is comparable to the Class B motorhome in the North American market. They are generally built on a Stellantis, Mercedes-Benz or Ford panel van chassis which includes an engine, drivetrain components and a finished cab section. A constructed living area provides access to the driver’s compartment and attaches to the cab section. As they are smaller and more compact than typical motorcaravans, a campervan has the advantage of being easier to maneuver and easier to park.
An urban vehicle is a multi-functional vehicle, similar to a minivan, which is generally built on a Stellantis or Ford chassis and is mainly used as a family vehicle but has a small removable kitchen and sitting area that can be converted into a sleeping area. Additionally, these vehicles are equipped with a pop-up roof to provide additional sleeping quarters.
Production
In order to minimize finished inventory, our recreational vehicles in both North America and Europe are generally produced to dealer order. Our facilities are designed to provide efficient, assembly-line manufacturing of products. In North America, capacity increases can generally be achieved relatively quickly and at relatively low cost, largely by acquiring, leasing or building additional facilities and equipment and increasing the number of production employees. In Europe, that process is typically longer and involves higher costs. In North America, capacity decreases can generally be achieved relatively quickly and at relatively low cost, mainly by decreasing the number of production employees. In Europe, short-term capacity decreases can generally be achieved by adjusting work schedules and reducing the number of short-term contract and temporary workers.
We purchase many of the components used in the production of our recreational vehicles in their finished form. The principal raw materials used in the manufacturing processes for motorhomes, including motorcaravans, campervans and urban vehicles, and travel trailers, including caravans, are chassis, aluminum, lumber, plywood, plastic, fiberglass and steel purchased from numerous suppliers.
Our relationship with our chassis suppliers is similar to our other RV vendor relationships in that no long-term contractual commitments are entered into by either party. Historically, chassis manufacturers resort to an industry-wide allocation system during periods when chassis supply is restricted. These allocations are generally based on the volume of chassis previously purchased. While we are not dependent on any one supplier, we do depend on a consistent supply of chassis from a limited number of chassis suppliers. Sales of our motorized RV products, including motorhomes, motorcaravans, campervans and urban vehicles, rely on these chassis.
It is extremely difficult to predict when or whether future supply chain issues related to chassis or other components used in the production of RVs will arise. Modifying available chassis for certain motorized products to use for other products is not a viable alternative, particularly in the short term, due to engineering requirements. The North American recreational vehicle industry has, from time to time in the past, experienced shortages of chassis for various reasons, including component shortages, production delays or other production issues and work stoppages at the chassis manufacturers. In Europe, while overall chassis supply has improved, we anticipate disruptions in the sequence of chassis delivery to continue through the remainder of calendar year 2024. The sequence of chassis supply inhibits our ability to efficiently and consistently maintain our planned production levels. Uncertainties related to changing emission standards may also impact consumer buying patterns.
While the North American RV industry has at times faced supply shortages or delivery delays of other, non-chassis raw material components, the supply chain is currently able to support our demand. If supply shortages or delivery delays were to adversely impact our suppliers’ ability to fully meet our needs for key components, our costs of such components and our production output could be adversely affected.
In Europe, we continued to experience cost increases, supply shortages and delivery delays of other, non-chassis raw material components which negatively impacted the efficiency of our production in the current fiscal year. We believe these shortages and delays will continue to result in production inefficiencies in the near term, which will have a negative impact on our operating results due to lost efficiencies as a result of not completing units off the production line within the normal production schedule.
Where possible, we will continue to work closely with our suppliers on various supply chain strategies to minimize any constraints and will work to identify alternative suppliers. Furthermore, to minimize the future impact of supply chain constraints, we have identified a second-source supplier base for certain component parts, however, the engineering requirements required with an alternate component part, particularly the chassis our various units are built upon, limit the impact of these alternative suppliers on reducing any near-term supply constraints.
Generally, our North American and European RV operating subsidiaries introduce new or improved lines or models of recreational vehicles each year. Changes typically include new sizes and floor plans, different decors or design features and engineering and technological improvements.
Seasonality
Historically, since recreational vehicles were used primarily by vacationers and campers, our recreational vehicle sales tended to be seasonal and, in most geographical areas, tended to be lower during the winter months than in other periods. As a result of being primarily used for vacations, our recreational vehicle sales were historically lowest during our second fiscal quarter, which ends on January 31 of each year.
Marketing and Distribution
We sell our recreational vehicles primarily to independent, non-franchise dealers located throughout the United States, Canada and Europe. Each of our recreational vehicle operating subsidiaries sells to its own network of independent dealers, with many dealers carrying more than one of our product lines as well as products from other manufacturers. As of July 31, 2024, there were approximately 2,400 independent, non-franchise dealership locations carrying our products in the U.S. and Canada and approximately 1,100 dealership locations, of which two are Company-owned, carrying our products throughout Europe. We believe that the working relationships between the management and sales personnel of our operating entities and the independent dealers provide us with valuable information on customer preferences and the quality and marketability of our products.
Our European brands distribute their vehicles in Europe through dealer networks that offer various EHG brands covering all price segments in each region, avoiding brand overlap even in regions with two or more dealers that offer EHG brands. The European dealer base is comprised primarily of independent dealers, although EHG does operate two Company-owned dealerships. Approximately 53% of independent European dealers sell EHG brands exclusively.
Each of our recreational vehicle operating subsidiaries has its own wholesale sales force that works directly with its independent dealers. Typically, there are wholesale shows held during the year in certain locations within the United States and Europe. These shows allow dealers to view new and existing products as well as place orders.
Historically, the most important retail sales events occur at various consumer recreational vehicle shows or trade fairs which take place throughout the year at different locations across the United States, Canada and Europe. We believe that we, and our dealers, are well-positioned to reach new and existing RV consumers through a strategic combination of retail shows and digital marketing activities. We also benefit in the United States from the recreational vehicle awareness advertising and marketing programs sponsored by the RVIA in national print media and television.
In our selection of individual, independent dealers, we emphasize the dealer’s ability to maintain a sufficient inventory of our products, as well as their financial stability, creditworthiness, reputation, experience and ability to provide service to the end customer. Many dealers, particularly in North America, carry the recreational vehicle lines of one or more of our competitors. Generally, our recreational vehicle operating subsidiaries each have separate dealer agreements.
One dealer, FreedomRoads, LLC, accounted for approximately 14.0% of our consolidated net sales in fiscal 2024 and for approximately 13.0% in both fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022. This dealer also accounted for approximately 10.0% of the Company’s consolidated trade accounts receivable at July 31, 2024 and approximately 13.0% at July 31, 2023.
We generally do not finance dealer purchases. Most dealers are financed on a “floor plan” basis by an unrelated bank or financing company, which lends the dealer all, or substantially all, of the wholesale purchase price and retains a security interest in the vehicles purchased. As is customary in the recreational vehicle industry, we will generally execute a repurchase agreement with a lending institution financing a dealer’s purchase of our products upon the lending institution’s request. Repurchase agreements provide that, typically for a period of up to 18 months after a unit is financed and in the event of default by the dealer and notification from the lending institution of the dealer default, we will repurchase all of the applicable or qualifying dealer units repossessed by the lending institution for the amount then due, which is often less than 100% of the dealer’s cost. The risk of loss under repurchase agreements is spread over numerous dealers and is further reduced by the resale value of the units which we would be required to repurchase. Estimating the timing and volume of any potential future repurchase demands, and the related losses to the Company, is difficult and subject to uncertainty. The Company’s total commercial commitments under standby repurchase obligations on dealer inventory financing as of July 31, 2024 and July 31, 2023 were $3,642,137 and $3,893,048, respectively. Losses incurred related to repurchase agreements that were settled in fiscal 2024 totaled $7,107, and the losses incurred due to repurchases were not material in fiscal 2023 or fiscal 2022.
Backlog
The backlogs for our North American Towable, North American Motorized and European Recreational Vehicle segments as of July 31, 2024 and July 31, 2023, respectively, were as follows:
July 31, 2024 July 31, 2023 Change
Amount %
Change
Recreational vehicles
North American Towable $ 552,379 $ 756,047 $ (203,668) (26.9)
North American Motorized 776,903 1,242,936 (466,033) (37.5)
Total North America 1,329,282 1,998,983 (669,701) (33.5)
European 1,950,793 3,549,660 (1,598,867) (45.0)
Total $ 3,280,075 $ 5,548,643 $ (2,268,568) (40.9)
The decrease in total North American backlog is primarily due to a reduction in orders from dealers, mainly for motorized products, which we believe is due to lower retail sales and dealer concerns over current interest costs and other carrying costs compared to the prior year.
We believe North American dealer inventory levels for most products are generally at, or slightly higher than, the levels that dealers are comfortable stocking given the current retail sales levels and associated carrying costs. We believe dealers will continue to closely evaluate the unit stocking levels that they will elect to carry in future periods, which may be less than historical unit stocking levels due to a combination of factors such as retail activity, RV wholesale unit prices as well as interest rates and other carrying costs.
The decrease in European Recreational Vehicle backlog is primarily due to improved chassis supply availability resulting in normalized dealer stocking levels at July 31, 2024, while chassis constraints in the prior year resulted in the significantly elevated backlog as of July 31, 2023.
Backlog represents unfilled dealer orders on a particular day which can and do fluctuate on a seasonal basis. The manufacturing time in the recreational vehicle business is relatively short. Barring any significant and longer-term material supply constraints, the existing backlogs of the North American Towable, North American Motorized and European Recreational Vehicle segments are generally expected to be filled in the remainder of calendar 2024 and the first half of calendar 2025.
Product Warranties
In North America, we generally provide retail purchasers of our recreational vehicles with a one-year or two-year limited warranty against defects in materials and workmanship with longer warranties on certain structural components. In Europe, we generally offer a two-year limited warranty on certain structural components and up to a 12-year warranty against water leakage. The chassis and engines in our motorized RV products are generally warranted for various periods in excess of one year by their manufacturers.
Regulation
In the countries where we operate and our products are sold, we are subject to various vehicle safety and compliance standards. Within the United States, we are a member of the RVIA, a voluntary association of recreational vehicle manufacturers which promulgates recreational vehicle safety standards in the United States. We manufacture recreational vehicles in accordance with these standards and, in turn, are permitted to place an RVIA seal on each of our North American recreational vehicles to certify that the RVIA’s standards have been met. We also comply with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (“NHTSA”) in the U.S. and with similar standards within Canada and Europe as it relates to the safety of our products. We rely upon certifications obtained by chassis manufacturers with respect to compliance with applicable motorized vehicle emission control standards and work with chassis manufacturers to ensure they remain compliant with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”)) and state-specific requirements, including mandates on the production and sale of zero-emission vehicles and near-zero emission vehicles.
Governmental authorities in the regions in which we operate have various environmental control standards relating to air, water and noise pollution which affect our business and operations. For example, these standards, which are generally applicable to all companies, control our choice of paints, our air compressor discharge, the handling of our waste water and the noise emitted by our factories, among other things.
Our facilities are subject to, and are periodically inspected by, various governmental and industry agencies concerned with health and safety in the workplace to ensure that our facilities and products comply with applicable governmental and industry standards.
We believe that our products and facilities comply in all material respects with applicable vehicle safety (including those promulgated by NHTSA), environmental, industry, health, employee safety and other required regulations. We do not believe that ongoing compliance with the existing regulations discussed above will have a material effect in the foreseeable future on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position. However, future developments in regulation and/or policy could impose significant challenges and costs upon our business operations.
Competition
The recreational vehicle industry is generally characterized by low barriers to entry. The recreational vehicle market is intensely competitive, with numerous other manufacturers selling products that compete directly with our products. We also compete against consumer demand for used recreational vehicles, particularly during periods of economic downturn, and against other forms of consumer leisure, outdoor or vacation spending priorities. We also experience a certain level of competition among our own operating subsidiaries. Increased activity in the market for used recreational vehicles may also impact manufacturers’ sales of new products and varies depending on the availability of, and the price differential of, used recreational vehicles compared to new units. Competition in the recreational vehicle industry is based upon price, design, value, quality and service. We believe that the price, design, value and quality of our products and the warranty coverage and service that we provide allow us to compete favorably for retail purchasers of recreational vehicles and consumer leisure spending. There are approximately 80 RV manufacturers in the U.S. and Canada, according to Statistical Surveys, Inc. and approximately 30 RV manufacturers across Europe according to Caravaning Industry Association e.V.
Our primary RV competitors within the North American Towable and North American Motorized segments are Forest River, Inc. and Winnebago Industries, Inc. We are the largest recreational vehicle manufacturer in North America in terms of both units sold and revenue. According to Statistical Surveys, Inc., for the six months ended June 30, 2024, THOR’s current combined U.S. and Canadian market share based on unit retail sales was approximately 40.2% for travel trailers and fifth wheels combined and approximately 47.2% for motorhomes.
Our primary RV competitors within the European Recreational Vehicle segment are Trigano, Hobby/Fendt, Knaus Tabbert and various vehicle manufacturers. According to CIVD, EHG’s current European market share for the six months ended June 30, 2024 based on unit retail sales was approximately 25.3% for motorcaravans and campervans combined and approximately 18.3% for caravans.
Trademarks and Patents
We have registered United States trademarks, Canadian trademarks, German trademarks and certain other international trademarks and licenses carrying the principal trade names and model lines under which our products are marketed. We hold and protect certain patents related to our business. We are not dependent upon any patents or technology licenses of others for the conduct of our business.
Human Capital Resources
Since our founding in 1980, we have been dedicated to our key principles of operating fairly and ethically, with stewardship and transparency, under our core values of community, compassion, trustworthiness and adventure. We believe in the invigorating power of human connection and commit to our team members by teaching our leaders how to nurture, guide and foster strong relationships with them. We strive to treat others with dignity and respect, practicing thankfulness and gratitude. We endeavor to operate in a way that our word is trusted, and we are committed to providing a safe work environment for our team members while empowering them to seize opportunities around them and give them avenues to grow and learn.
At July 31, 2024, we employed approximately 22,300 full-time employees worldwide, including approximately 13,900 full-time employees in the United States, of which approximately 2,300 were salaried, and approximately 8,400 full-time employees in Europe, of which approximately 4,100 were salaried. As of July 31, 2024, approximately 250 of our North American employees were represented by certified labor organizations. Our European-based operations are subject to employee contracts, Works Councils and certain other labor organizations. We believe that we maintain a good working relationship with our employees.
We and our operating subsidiaries share a global commitment to all our stakeholders to foster an inclusive workplace where dignity and respect for team members is encouraged and where each team member is supported to achieve their maximum potential. We believe that our performance is significantly impacted by our human capital management, and, as a result, we consistently strive to attract, select, engage, develop and retain strong, diverse talent as summarized below.
Competitive Pay and Benefits
We conduct our operations through subsidiaries located in various regions within North America and Europe, each of which operates independently with its own unique culture. Competitive compensation and benefits packages are tailored to meet the specific needs and expectations of the employees at each of our operating subsidiaries with the goal of attracting and retaining the best talent.
Team Member Safety and Wellness
Our commitment to maintaining the health, safety and well-being of each of our team members is reflected in our safety culture. With the ultimate goal of eliminating workplace injuries and hazards, our approach to safety and wellness is supported by consistent and effective communication, the regular sharing of best practices and enhanced Corporate-led safety audits, in addition to both external and internal benchmarking. Each of our operating subsidiaries, in both North America and Europe, has developed and maintain site-specific environmental health and safety plans that align with our overall goal of reducing risk and complying with safety laws, standards and regulations. We require all accidents, injuries, unsafe equipment and hazardous conditions or practices be reported immediately to management so the details can be reviewed to determine what, if any, additional safety measures are warranted to support team member health, safety and well-being.
The health, safety and wellness of our employees are key priorities for THOR. Our Corporate office and subsidiaries offer competitive benefit packages to employees. For example, as part of our health and welfare benefits, all North American team members have access to the Employee Assistance Program (“EAP”) where they can receive up to five free sessions to assist with counseling needs as well as personal and/or work-related concerns. Our EAP services are designed to help provide support for team members who are navigating life issues.
Inclusion
We strive to have an inclusive culture which enables our family of companies to be more innovative and responsive to consumer needs and deliver strong sustained performance and growth. Our commitment is to foster an inclusive workplace where dignity and respect for team members are championed and where each team member is supported to achieve their maximum potential. Guided by THOR’s commitment to such principles, each of our operating companies develops and establishes its own specific inclusion strategy. With each strategy, our companies have utilized THOR’s guide to measure effectiveness and goal achievement.
Commitment to Ethical Behavior
Each year, we conduct training with certain employees, based on their role and level in the organization, on our business ethics policy. Providing our team members with resources to help make good decisions through an ethics program cultivates strong teamwork and productivity. Issues can be communicated anonymously using our multilingual, third-party hotline via phone, email or online inquiry systems. Every report is investigated and, if warranted, corrective actions are taken or implemented, and we have a policy that protects team members who report issues from any retaliation.
For more information on THOR’s human capital resources, please visit www.thorindustries.com/sustainability.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes certain statements that are “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements are made based on management’s current expectations and beliefs regarding future and anticipated developments and their effects upon THOR, and inherently involve uncertainties and risks. These forward-looking statements are not a guarantee of future performance. We cannot assure you that actual results will not differ materially from our expectations. Factors which could cause materially different results include, among others:
•the impact of inflation on the cost of our products as well as on general consumer demand;
•the effect of raw material and commodity price fluctuations, and/or raw material, commodity or chassis supply constraints;
•the impact of war, military conflict, terrorism and/or cyber-attacks, including state-sponsored or ransom attacks;
•the impact of sudden or significant adverse changes in the cost and/or availability of energy or fuel, including those caused by geopolitical events, on our costs of operation, on raw material prices, on our suppliers, on our independent dealers or on retail customers;
•the dependence on a small group of suppliers for certain components used in production, including chassis;
•interest rates and interest rate fluctuations and their potential impact on the general economy and, specifically, on our independent dealers and consumers and our profitability;
•the ability to ramp production up or down quickly in response to rapid changes in demand while also managing costs and market share;
•the level and magnitude of warranty and recall claims incurred;
•the ability of our suppliers to financially support any defects in their products;
•the financial health of our independent dealers and their ability to successfully manage through various economic conditions;
•legislative, regulatory and tax law and/or policy developments including their potential impact on our independent dealers, retail customers or on our suppliers;
•the costs of compliance with governmental regulation;
•the impact of an adverse outcome or conclusion related to current or future litigation or regulatory investigations;
•public perception of and the costs related to environmental, social and governance matters;
•legal and compliance issues including those that may arise in conjunction with recently completed transactions;
•lower consumer confidence and the level of discretionary consumer spending;
•the impact of exchange rate fluctuations;
•restrictive lending practices which could negatively impact our independent dealers and/or retail consumers;
•management changes;
•the success of new and existing products and services;
•the ability to maintain strong brands and develop innovative products that meet consumer demands;
•the ability to efficiently utilize existing production facilities;
•changes in consumer preferences;
•the risks associated with acquisitions, including: the pace and successful closing of an acquisition, the integration and financial impact thereof, the level of achievement of anticipated operating synergies from acquisitions, the potential for unknown or understated liabilities related to acquisitions, the potential loss of existing customers of acquisitions and our ability to retain key management personnel of acquired companies;
•a shortage of necessary personnel for production and increasing labor costs and related employee benefits to attract and retain production personnel in times of high demand;
•the loss or reduction of sales to key independent dealers, and stocking level decisions of our independent dealers;
•disruption of the delivery of units to independent dealers or the disruption of delivery of raw materials, including chassis, to our facilities;
•increasing costs for freight and transportation;
•the ability to protect our information technology systems from data breaches, cyber-attacks and/or network disruptions;
•asset impairment charges;
•competition;
•the impact of losses under repurchase agreements;
•the impact of the strength of the U.S. dollar on international demand for products priced in U.S. dollars;
•general economic, market, public health and political conditions in the various countries in which our products are produced and/or sold;
•the impact of changing emissions and other related climate change regulations in the various jurisdictions in which our products are produced, used and/or sold;
•changes to our investment and capital allocation strategies or other facets of our strategic plan; and
•changes in market liquidity conditions, credit ratings and other factors that may impact our access to future funding and the cost of debt.
These and other risks and uncertainties are discussed more fully in Item 1A Risk Factors below.
We disclaim any obligation or undertaking to disseminate any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K or to reflect any change in our expectations after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any statement is based, except as required by law.
Available Information
Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports and the Proxy Statement for our Annual Meeting of Stockholders are made available, free of charge, on our website, www.thorindustries.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports have been filed with or furnished to the SEC. In addition, the SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information that is filed electronically with the SEC. The website can be accessed at www.sec.gov.

---

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
The following risk factors should be considered carefully in addition to the other information contained in this filing.
The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face and represent risks that our management believes are currently material to our Company and our business. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem not material may also harm our business. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be harmed.
MACROECONOMIC, MARKET AND STRATEGIC RISKS
RV industry sales volumes can be volatile as the industry is both cyclical and seasonal, making our business subject to significant fluctuations in production rates, sales, net income and stock price.
The RV industry has historically been characterized by cycles of growth and contraction in consumer demand, generally reflecting prevailing economic and demographic conditions which affect disposable income for leisure-time activities. Changes can impact the RV industry suddenly and severely. Consequently, the results of any prior period may not be indicative of results for any future period.
In addition to the RV industry cyclicality, we have experienced, and expect to experience in future periods, significant variability in quarterly production rates, sales and net income as a result of annual seasonality in our business. Because recreational vehicles are used primarily by vacationers and campers, demand, sales and profits in the RV industry generally decline during the fall and winter months, while demand, sales and profits are generally highest during the spring and summer months. Various factors such as constraints in the labor pool, supply chain disruptions, economic conditions and desired dealer stocking levels have disrupted, and may disrupt in the future, the historical trends in the seasonality of our business in both North America and Europe.
Our business is structured to quickly align production rates and cost structure to meet rapidly changing market conditions. However, if we are unable to ramp production, and the corresponding workforce, up or down quickly enough in response to rapid changes in demand, we may not be able to effectively manage our costs, which could negatively impact operating results, and we may also lose sales and market share.
The stock market, in general, experiences volatility that has often been unrelated to the underlying operating performance of companies. Likewise, at various points in our history, our stock price has experienced volatility that has not been correlated to our operating results. If this volatility were to occur in the future, the trading price of our common stock could decline significantly, independent of our actual operating performance. The market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control, including, among other things, the following:
•Development of new products and features by our competitors;
•Development of new collaborative arrangements by us, our competitors or other parties;
•Actual or anticipated changes in government regulations applicable to our business in the various jurisdictions in which we operate;
•Changes in investor perception of our business and/or management;
•Changes in global economic conditions or general market conditions in our industry;
•Changes in interest rates and credit availability and their impact on our industry;
•Changes in market expectations of our future growth and profitability;
•Occurrence of disruptive or catastrophic health, economic or political events; and
•Sales of our common stock held by certain equity investors or members of management.
The Company’s stock price may also reflect expectations regarding our stock repurchase activity and our dividend rate. If we fail to meet expectations related to future growth, profitability, dividends, share repurchases or other market expectations, analysts or investors could change their opinions and/or recommendations regarding our stock and our stock price may decline, which could have a material adverse impact on investor confidence.
With our global footprint, our business could be adversely affected by macroeconomic and geopolitical developments or other events.
Due to the interconnectedness of the global economy, the challenges of a financial crisis, economic downturn or recession, natural disaster, war, geopolitical crisis, public health emergency or other significant event in one area of the world can have a sudden material adverse impact on markets around the world. RV industry sales volume in our key markets can be volatile and could decline if there is a financial crisis, recession or significant geopolitical event. Our results of operations are generally sensitive to changes in overall economic and political conditions, including recessionary conditions, inflationary or deflationary pressures, prolonged high unemployment rates, significant changes in the cost and/or availability of fuel or energy, low consumer confidence, higher interest rates, restrictions and/or shortages of natural gas or other fuels, terrorism and military conflicts. Historically, we have seen that in times of economic uncertainty, consumers who have less discretionary income generally defer spending on high-cost, discretionary products, such as RVs. Recently, we have seen demand for RVs decrease, particularly in North America, amid high inflation, rising interest rates, political uncertainty and numerous other macroeconomic indices which have generally worsened in the regions in which we operate. If economic and political conditions worsen and RV sales decline, our operating results and financial condition would be negatively affected.
The industry in which we operate is highly competitive both in North America and in Europe and our requirements as a public company may put us at a competitive disadvantage.
The RV industry is generally characterized by relatively low barriers to entry, which results in a highly competitive business environment. According to Stat Surveys and CIVD, respectively, there are approximately 80 RV manufacturers in the U.S. and Canada and approximately 30 RV manufacturers across Europe. Competition within the industry is based upon price, design, value, quality, service, brand awareness and reputation, as well as other factors. Competitive pressures have, from time to time, resulted in a reduction of our profit margins and/or a reduction in our market share. In periods of economic downturn, these competitive pressures can increase as RV manufacturers compete for a share of a smaller RV market. Sustained increases in these competitive pressures could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition, as a public company, we are required to disclose certain information that may put us at a competitive disadvantage compared to certain of our competitors who are either non-public or are not required to disclose specific industry-related information due to the immateriality of that information to their parent company’s consolidated operations.
Due to the anticipated long-term interest in the RV lifestyle, a number of start-up companies in North America, and certain automotive manufacturers, in both North America and Europe, have entered the RV industry within the last few years and introduced products that directly compete with our products. If existing or new competitors develop products that are superior to, are more innovative than, achieve better consumer acceptance than, or are offered at a lower net price to dealers than our products, our market share, sales volume and profit margins may be adversely affected. Not only does our Company compete against numerous existing RV manufacturers, but a number of our operating subsidiaries directly compete with each other.
In addition to direct competition from other RV manufacturers, we also continuously compete against consumer demand for used recreational vehicles, particularly during periods of economic downturn. Increased availability of used recreational vehicles and significant price differences between new and used recreational vehicles, as a result of an economic downturn or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on demand for our products and our results of operations.
Finally, we also face competition from other consumer leisure, discretionary and vacation spending alternatives, such as cruises, vacation homes, timeshares, tent camping and other traditional vacations along with other recreational products like boats and motorcycles. Changes in actual or perceived value among these alternatives by consumers could impact our future sales volume and profitability.
Our long-term success and competitiveness depend on the successful execution of our innovation initiatives.
A key driver in our historical performance and growth has been our ability to maintain our strong brands and to continuously develop and introduce innovative new and improved products at a reasonable cost that are desired by consumers. Adoption of new technological advances and changing governmental regulatory mandates could result in changes to product offerings and in consumer preferences for recreational vehicles or the types of recreational vehicles consumers prefer. These changes could include shifts to smaller recreational vehicles, electric recreational vehicles, autonomous recreational vehicles, connected recreational vehicles, or other currently unanticipated changes. Our ability to successfully maintain our market position or grow through investments in the areas of electrification, connectivity and digital services depends on many factors, including advancements in technology, regulatory changes, infrastructure development (e.g., a widespread vehicle charging network) and other factors that are difficult to predict.
To successfully execute our long-term strategy, we believe we must continue to develop and successfully market our existing products as well as new products, including lightweight motorized and towable recreational vehicles, electric recreational vehicles with sufficient user range capability and innovative services that enrich the end users’ RV experience. Our initiatives to invest in the future of the RV industry, including automation of certain of our production processes and investments in new product and service innovation, are likely to be costly and may not be successful. The uncertainties associated with developing and introducing innovative new and improved products and services, such as gauging changing consumer demands and preferences and successfully developing, manufacturing, marketing and selling these products, may impact the success of our product introductions. Further, we cannot be certain that our new product introductions will not reduce revenues from existing models and adversely affect our results of operations. If the products we introduce do not gain widespread market acceptance, or if our competitors’ new products obtain better market acceptance or render our products obsolete, we could lose sales or be required to reduce our prices, which could adversely impact our results of operations and financial position. In addition, there is no guarantee that our innovation or automation efforts will lead to products or services that will be introduced to market or that an initial product or service concept or design will result in a unit that generates sales in sufficient quantities and at high enough prices to be profitable.
OPERATIONAL RISKS
We are highly dependent on our suppliers to deliver raw materials and component parts timely and in sufficient quantities to meet our production demands.
We depend on timely and sufficient delivery of raw materials and component parts from our suppliers. If there is a shortage of raw materials or component parts in our supply chain or a supplier is unable to deliver raw materials and component parts to us because of production issues, labor constraints, limited availability of materials, shipping problems or other reasons, the shortage may disrupt our operations or increase our cost of production. For example, we have experienced supply shortages and delivery delays of non-chassis raw material components in Europe. This negatively impacted the efficiency of our production in fiscal 2024 and resulted in an elevated level of work in process inventory on hand compared to historical norms. Such conditions could reoccur in Europe in the future and could have negative impacts on net sales and financial results due to not completing units on the production line and carrying higher volumes of incomplete units than historical norms.
Raw materials and component parts are generally sourced from a number of suppliers that may not have: (1) the ability to meet our needs timely or completely, (2) the financial reserves or borrowing power to successfully manage through an economic hardship or (3) the ability to financially support potential warranty or recall demands. Additionally, some of our suppliers have in the past discontinued, or could in the future discontinue, their business or the materials or component parts we currently acquire from them with little to no warning. If we are not adequately sourced for certain raw materials or key component parts, the discontinuation of even some smaller suppliers could have an adverse effect on our business.
The North American and European RV industries have, from time to time in the past, experienced shortages of chassis for various reasons, including component shortages, production delays, capacity constraints, labor constraints and work stoppages at the chassis manufacturers. For example, from calendar year 2020 through 2023, a number of our North American and European chassis suppliers experienced supply constraints of key components they required to manufacture chassis, including semiconductor chips, which limited their production of chassis. The reduced supply of chassis negatively impacted our production rates and sales of motorized RVs, particularly in Europe, during this period. In addition, within our European operations, unpredictable deliveries of chassis by the chassis manufacturers during this same period, and in calendar 2024, had a further negative impact on our results of operations due to missed sales and/or increased labor and overhead costs related to adjusting our own production schedules to accommodate the chassis received versus the chassis expected to be delivered. Such conditions could reoccur in the future and would have a negative impact on our results of operations.
Government regulations aimed at reducing emissions and increasing fuel efficiency that impact our motorized chassis suppliers could negatively impact their production capacity and cost structure which could in turn negatively impact the supply of motorized chassis and/or result in increased input costs for our products. Government regulations could also accelerate the transition to electric vehicles, which may impact our product offerings and increase the cost of motorized chassis. Such rise in cost could outweigh the perceived benefits to consumers, negatively affecting our sales mix and pricing, resulting in decreased sales and/or margins.
In addition, certain raw materials and component parts are sourced from countries where we do not currently have operations. We rely on the free flow of goods through open and operational ports on a consistent basis for a portion of our raw materials and components. Changes in trade policy and resulting tariffs that have or may be imposed, along with port, production or other delays, have, in the past, and could, in the future, cause increased costs for, or shortages of, certain raw materials and components. We may not be able to source alternative supplies as necessary without increased costs or at all. If alternative sources of these raw materials and components are not readily available, our sales and earnings could be negatively affected.
Fluctuations in the prices of raw material and component parts may adversely affect our business.
Raw material and component part prices have fluctuated significantly in the past and may continue to fluctuate considerably in the future. Competition and business conditions may limit the amount or timing of cost increases that can be passed on to our customers in the form of increased sales prices. Conversely, as raw material costs decline, we may not be able to maintain selling prices consistent with higher-cost raw materials in our inventory, which could adversely affect our operating results.
We rely on a small number of suppliers for certain key components, including chassis, and we may not be able to source these key components from alternative suppliers.
Certain key components are currently produced by only a small group of suppliers that have the capacity to supply large quantities, primarily: (1) motorized chassis, where there are a limited number of chassis suppliers, and (2) doors, towable frames, slide-out mechanisms, axles and upholstered furniture for our recreational vehicles, where LCI Industries is a major supplier for these items within the North American RV industry.
Continued consolidation within our key component supplier base inhibits our ability to source components from alternative suppliers and could result in increased component costs and/or a lack of adequate supply, which in turn may result in decreased margins, higher wholesale product costs or limited production output, which could, ultimately, result in lower demand for our products, decreased sales and reduced operating results.
Our motorized chassis suppliers may need to substantially modify their product offerings to comply with regulations related to emissions, fuel economy, autonomous driving technology, environmental and other regulations which could result in increased costs and/or a lack of adequate motorized chassis supply to us, which in turn may result in higher wholesale product input costs and decreased margins, which would have an adverse impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
In addition, as is standard in the industry, our arrangements with chassis and other suppliers are generally terminable at any time either by us or by the supplier. If we cannot obtain an adequate supply of chassis, raw materials or other key components, this would result in a decrease in our sales and earnings.
Product recalls, customer satisfaction actions and complying with our recall obligations for both our products and for component parts supplied by vendors could adversely affect our financial condition and harm our reputation.
We provide warranties on the products we sell. These warranties vary depending on the type of product and geographic location of the sale; however, in general, our warranties promise, within certain specified time periods following a retail sale, that we will repair, replace or adjust parts on our products that are not performing within acceptable standards or tolerances. These warranties extend to some, but not all, of our vendor-supplied raw materials and component parts as well. Estimated warranty costs are accounted for at the time of product sale and adjusted on a quarterly basis to reflect our best estimate of the amounts necessary to settle existing and future claims on our products. An increase in actual warranty claim costs as compared to our estimates could result in increased warranty liabilities and expense which could have an adverse impact on our earnings.
Government safety standards require manufacturers to remedy issues related to vehicle safety through safety recall campaigns, and we regularly engage in voluntary recalls when we determine our products may have a safety issue. Issues subject to recall include both materials and workmanship from our companies as well as component parts supplied by vendors. The cost of certain recall and customer satisfaction actions have been substantial in the past and future recalls or customer satisfaction actions to remedy issues in products that have been sold could also be substantial and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, multiple recalls to address safety or significant operating concerns could erode consumer confidence in our brands and adversely affect our reputation or the public perception and market acceptance of our products, resulting in lower sales and an adverse impact on our business and results of operations. Although we maintain appropriate reserves for such recall contingencies, from time to time we have been and likely will again be faced with specific campaigns that result in material expense. To mitigate this risk, we endeavor to compel our suppliers to maintain appropriate levels of insurance coverage and agree to commercially reasonable indemnification requirements. Our efforts may not be successful and the failure of suppliers to maintain sufficient insurance coverage or provide meaningful indemnification protection could result in increased expense and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Our business and results of operations may be harmed if the frequency and size of product liability or other claims against us increase.
We are subject, in the ordinary course of business, to litigation involving product liability, consumer protection and other claims against us. In North America, we generally self-insure a portion of our exposure to product liability and certain other claims and also purchase product liability coverage above our self-insured retention. In Europe, we generally fully insure similar risks with insurance offering relatively low deductibles and premiums. Not all risks we face are covered by insurance, nor can we be certain that our insurance coverage will be sufficient to cover all future claims against us. Any material change in the aforementioned factors could have an adverse impact on our operating results. Any increase in the frequency and/or size of claims, as compared to our experience in prior years, may cause the premiums that we are required to pay for insurance to increase significantly, may negatively impact future self-insured retention levels and may also increase the amounts we pay in punitive damages, not all of which are covered by our insurance policies.
While we record, and adjust on a quarterly basis, reserves for known claims or possible claims to reflect our best estimate of the amount necessary to settle the claim, litigation is unpredictable by its nature and final adjudications may be materially worse than our estimate.
The loss of our largest independent dealer or an increase in independent dealer consolidations could have a material negative effect on our business.
Sales to FreedomRoads, LLC accounted for approximately 14.0% of our consolidated net sales for fiscal 2024. During recent years, FreedomRoads, LLC has acquired a number of formerly independent RV dealerships. The leverage to negotiate better terms with us arising from FreedomRoads, LLC’s acquisitions or the loss of independent dealers could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, deterioration in the liquidity or creditworthiness of FreedomRoads, LLC could negatively impact our sales and accounts receivable and could, in the event of a financing default, trigger repurchase obligations under our repurchase agreements, which would have a significant adverse effect on our liquidity and results of operations.
Recently, a number of other U.S.-based independent dealers have acquired, and continue to acquire, formerly independent RV dealerships, resulting in further independent dealer concentration and improved negotiating leverage for these multi-location dealers. Continued consolidation in the U.S. independent dealer network could negatively impact our sales or gross margins and increase the concentration of our exposure under repurchase obligations related to these independent dealers.
A material portion of our revenue is derived from sales of our products to international sources.
Combined sales from the United States to foreign countries (predominately Canada) and sales from our foreign subsidiaries to countries other than the U.S. (predominately within the European Union) represented approximately 38.4% of THOR’s consolidated sales for fiscal 2024. Global political uncertainty poses risks of volatility in global markets, which could negatively affect our operations and financial results. Changes in U.S. policy regarding foreign trade or manufacturing may create negative sentiment about the U.S. among non-U.S. dealers, end customers, employees or prospective employees, all of which could adversely affect our business, sales, hiring and employee retention.
Implications related to our non-U.S. sales have negatively impacted our financial operating results in the past and are likely to reoccur in the future at varying levels. These implications include foreign currency effects, tariffs, customs duties, inflation, difficulties in enforcing agreements and collecting receivables through foreign legal systems, compliance with international laws, treaties and regulations, unexpected changes in regulatory or tax environments, disruptions in supply or distribution, dependence on foreign personnel and various employee work agreements, foreign governmental action, as well as economic and social instability. In addition, there may be tax inefficiencies in repatriating cash from non-U.S. subsidiaries or unfavorable tax law changes.
Our U.S.-based subsidiaries have expenses and sales denominated in U.S. dollars. Sales by our U.S.-based subsidiaries into the Canadian market are subject to currency risk as devaluation of the Canadian dollar versus the U.S. dollar may negatively impact U.S.-dollar denominated sales into Canada. Our European-based subsidiaries primarily have Euro-denominated expenses, sales and assets which are subject to changes in the Euro and U.S. dollar currency exchange rate. To offset a portion of this currency risk, the EHG acquisition was partially funded through a Euro-denominated Term Loan B, which provides an economic hedge. Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates in the future could have a material negative effect on our reported revenues and results of operations.
Business acquisitions pose integration and other risks.
Our growth has been achieved both organically and through acquisition. Business acquisitions, including joint ventures and other equity investment arrangements, pose a number of risks, including integration risks, that may result in negative consequences to our business, financial condition or results of operations. The pace and significance of acquisitions and the nature and extent of integration of acquired companies, assets, operations, joint venture arrangements and other equity investment arrangements involve a number of related risks including, but not limited to:
•The diversion of management’s attention from the management of existing operations to various transaction and integration activities;
•The potential for disruption to existing operations and strategic plans;
•The assimilation and retention of employees, including key employees;
•Risks related to transacting business in geographies outside the U.S., including but not limited to: foreign currency exchange rate changes, expanded macroeconomic risks due to operations in and sales to a wide base of countries, political and regulatory exposures to a wide array of countries, varying employee/employer relationships, including the existence of works councils and labor organizations and other challenges caused by distance, language and cultural differences, making it harder to do business in certain jurisdictions;
•Risks related to regulatory environments or product categories with which we have limited or no experience;
•Risks related to acquisitions outside of our historical RV OEM operations, which may carry new and less well-known operational challenges;
•The ability of our management teams to manage expanded operations, including international operations, to meet operational and financial expectations;
•The integration of departments and systems, including accounting systems, technologies, books and records, controls and procedures;
•The adverse impact on profitability if acquired operations, joint ventures or other equity investments do not achieve expected financial results or realize the synergies and other benefits expected;
•The potential loss of, or adverse effects on, existing business relationships with suppliers and customers;
•The assumption of liabilities of the acquired businesses, which could be greater than anticipated;
•The potential failure of our due diligence efforts to identify and properly evaluate risks or liabilities acquired or assumed in acquisition transactions;
•The potential negative impact on available cash and/or future cash flows to support acquisitions, joint ventures or equity investments and related commitments; and
•The potential adverse impact on operating results if, in future periods, impairments of significant amounts of goodwill and other assets occur.
Our long-term viability and financial success are dependent upon our ability to attract and retain an experienced and skilled workforce, including within our management teams, while also maintaining a flexible and competitive compensation and benefit cost structure.
We rely on the existence of an available, qualified workforce to manufacture our products and on our ability to recruit and retain talented hourly and salaried employees. Competition for such employees is intense in the areas where we operate, particularly during periods of high industry demand as such periods require us to pay higher wages to attract and retain a sufficient number of qualified employees. We cannot be certain that we will be able to attract and retain qualified employees to meet future manufacturing needs at a reasonable cost, or at all.
Within our U.S.-based operations, we incur significant costs with respect to employee healthcare and workers compensation benefits. We are self-insured for these employee healthcare and workers compensation benefits up to certain defined retention limits. If costs related to these or other employee benefits increase as a result of increased healthcare costs in the U.S., increased utilization of such benefits as a result of increased claims, new or revised U.S. governmental mandates or otherwise, our operating results and financial condition may suffer. Within our European-based operations, we incur significant costs with respect to employee benefits which are largely governed by country and regional regulations. New or revised governmental mandates may also cause our operating results and financial condition to suffer.
In addition to compensation considerations, potential employees are placing an increasing premium on various tangible and intangible benefits, such as working for companies with a clear purpose, flexible work arrangements, limited overtime requirements, increased benefit packages and other considerations. If we are not perceived as an employer of choice, we may be unable to recruit and retain skilled employees. Further, if we lose existing employees with needed skills or we are unable to upskill and develop existing employees, particularly with the introduction of new technologies, it could have a substantial adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
We rely heavily upon the knowledge, experience and skills of our executive management and key operating company management employees to compete effectively in the RV industry and manage our operations. Our future success depends on, among other factors, our ability to attract and retain executive management and key leadership level personnel and, upon the departure of such key employees, the existence of adequate succession plans. The loss of members of our executive management or other key employees could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations in the event that our succession plans prove inadequate.
We could be impacted by the potential adverse effects of union activities.
Our European-based operations are subject to employee contracts, Works Councils and certain other labor organizations, and a small number of our North American employees are currently represented by a labor union. Any disruption in our relationships with these third-party associations could adversely affect the cost of our labor and our ability to attract and retain qualified employees to meet our manufacturing needs. Additional unionization of our North American facilities could result in higher costs and increased risk of work stoppages.
We also are, directly or indirectly, dependent upon companies with unionized work forces, such as parts suppliers, chassis suppliers and trucking and freight companies. Work stoppages or strikes organized by such third-party unions have in the past and could again in the future have a material adverse impact on our business. If a work stoppage occurs, it could delay the manufacture, sale and distribution of our products and have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.
Our business depends on the performance of independent, non-franchise authorized dealers and independent transportation carriers.
We distribute all of our North American and the majority of our European products through a system of independent, non-franchise authorized dealers, many of whom sell products from competing manufacturers. As of July 31, 2024, we distributed our products to approximately 2,400 independent dealerships in the United States and approximately 1,100 independent dealerships in Europe. We operate two dealerships in Europe. We depend on the capability of these independent dealers to develop and implement effective retail sales plans to create demand among retail consumers for the products that the dealers purchase from us. If our independent dealers are not successful in these endeavors, then we may be unable to maintain or grow our revenues and meet our financial expectations. The geographic coverage of our independent dealers and their individual business conditions can affect the ability of our independent dealers to sell our products to consumers. If our independent dealers are unsuccessful, they may exit or be forced to exit the business or, in some cases, we may seek to terminate relationships with certain dealerships. As a result, we could face adverse consequences related to the termination of independent dealer relationships. In addition, ongoing consolidation of independent dealers, as well as the growth of large, multi-location dealers, has in the past and could in the future result in increased bargaining power on the part of these independent dealers.
Given the independent nature of the dealers who sell our product, they generally maintain control over which manufacturers, and which brands, they will do business with, often carrying more than one manufacturer’s products. Independent dealers can, and do, change the brands and manufacturers they sell. If our products are not perceived by the independent dealers as being desirable and profitable for them to carry, the dealers may terminate their relationship with our operating subsidiaries or may drop certain of our brands, which would in turn adversely affect our sales and profit margins if we are unable to replace those dealers.
In the United States and Canada, our products are generally delivered to our independent dealers via a system of independent transportation contractors. The network of carriers is limited, and in times of high demand and limited availability, we have experienced in the past, and could face again, the disruption of our distribution channel. If future health emergencies or other circumstances that inhibit transportation of our products emerge in the regions in which we operate or sell our products, transportation contractors may have difficulty finding drivers who are willing to deliver in those regions, or governmental agencies or other actors may restrict movement of goods in those regions. The inability to timely deliver our products to our independent dealers could adversely affect our relationships with those dealers and negatively impact our sales and net income.
Interruption of information systems service or misappropriation or breach of our information systems could cause disruption to our operations, disclosure of confidential or personal information or cause damage to our reputation.
Our business relies on information systems and other technology (“information systems”), some of which are managed or hosted by third parties, to support aspects of our global business operations, including, but not limited to, procurement, supply chain management, manufacturing, design, distribution, invoicing, financial transactions with banks and financing institutions and other transactions with various third-party providers. We also use information systems to accumulate, analyze and report our operational results. In connection with our use of information systems, we obtain, create and maintain confidential and personal information. Additionally, we rely upon information systems in our marketing and communication efforts. Due to our reliance on our information systems, we have established various levels of security as well as backup and disaster recovery procedures. Despite our security measures and business continuity plans, our information technology systems may be vulnerable to damage, disruption or shutdowns caused by cyber-attacks, including state-sponsored attacks, computer viruses, malware, ransomware, phishing attacks or breaches due to errors or malfeasance by employees and others who have access, or gain access, to these systems. The occurrence of any of these events could compromise the confidentiality, operational integrity and accessibility of these systems and the data that resides within them and our business processes and operations may be negatively impacted in the event of a substantial or prolonged disruption of service caused by such events. THOR, along with others within the RV industry, including suppliers, dealers and third-party providers, have been the target of cyber-attacks in the past, and such attacks are expected to continue and evolve in the future. While we continually employ capabilities, processes and other security measures designed to reduce and mitigate the risk of cyber-attacks, we rely on our suppliers, independent dealers and third-party providers to do the same for their operations; however, we may not be aware of all vulnerabilities and such preventative measures cannot provide absolute security and may not be sufficient in all circumstances to mitigate all potential risks.
The methods and technologies used to obtain unauthorized access to our information systems are constantly changing as are laws and regulations concerning data protection and privacy. While we have implemented and regularly review robust security measures and processes designed to prevent and detect unauthorized access to our information systems, we may not be able to anticipate and effectively prevent unauthorized access or data loss in the future. The misuse, leakage, unauthorized access or falsification of information could result in a violation of privacy laws, including the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) and laws applicable in North America and the United States, and damage to our reputation which could, in turn, have a significant, negative impact on our results of operations, as a result of fines, remediation costs or other direct or indirect ramifications.
Our U.S.-based operations are primarily centered in northern Indiana.
The majority of our U.S. operations are located in northern Indiana, which is home to a large proportion of the U.S. RV industry. The concentration of our operations in northern Indiana creates certain risks, including those listed below which we have experienced in the past and may experience in the future:
•Competition for workers skilled in the industry, especially during times of low unemployment or periods of high demand for RVs, which has in the past, and may, in the future, increase the cost of our labor or limit the speed at which we can respond to changes in consumer demand;
•Retention and recruitment challenges as employees with industry knowledge and experience have been, and may continue to be, attracted to other positions or opportunities within or external to the RV industry, and their ability to change employers is relatively easy; and
•The potential for greater adverse impact from natural disasters, such as weather-related events and public health emergencies.
In addition, a number of our key suppliers are also located in northern Indiana and are impacted by similar risks.
Adverse weather conditions and weather-related events could have a negative impact on our revenues.
Changes in seasonal weather conditions can have a significant effect on our operating and financial results. Sales of our products are typically stronger just before and during spring and summer, and favorable weather during these months generally has a positive effect on consumer demand. Severe weather events, such as flooding, tornados and hail, have had in the past and could have in the future, negative impacts on our operations due to disruptions to production. While we carry property and business interruption insurance to address such events, there is no guarantee that we will be able to fully insure such losses in the future. In addition, the long-term impact of weather-related events, such as rising temperatures and water scarcity, could impact our global manufacturing operations, which could impact our ability to manufacture products to fulfill customer demand. Additionally, the chronic, physical risks of temperature increases, rising sea levels and other gradual changes to the climate could adversely impact global ecosystems. This impact could potentially threaten the availability and existence of camping and RV facilities, thus, potentially limiting the use of our products and possibly impacting the future growth of our business.
LEGAL AND REGULATORY RISKS
Climate-related regulations and ongoing compliance requirements with chassis emissions standards designed to address climate change may result in additional required disclosures and related compliance costs, in both the U.S. and Europe.
Our operations and certain motorized products we sell are subject to rules limiting emissions and other climate-related regulations in certain jurisdictions where we operate or sell our products. The impacts of changing emissions and other related climate regulations (including revised emission standards applying to heavy-duty trucks by the EPA as well as zero-emission vehicle regulations such as the California Air Resources Board’s Advanced Clean Truck and Advanced Clean Fleet Regulations adopted in California and other U.S. jurisdictions) could result in different or more limited product offerings in those jurisdictions which may result in lower sales and material increased costs to the Company. Climate-related reporting regulations, such as the Securities and Exchange Commission’s final climate rules and litigation regarding its enforceability as well as the European Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive, in the various jurisdictions in which our products are produced, used and/or sold could result in additional material costs of compliance. In addition, our towable products are generally towed by vehicles that would also be subject to emission and climate-related regulations. Concerns regarding climate change at numerous levels of government in various jurisdictions may lead to additional and potentially more stringent international, national, regional and local legislative and regulatory responses, and compliance with any new rules could be difficult and costly.
Climate change regulation combined with public sentiment could result in reduced demand for our products, higher energy and fuel prices or carbon taxes, limitations on where we can produce or sell our products, limitations on where our products can be used or other restrictions or costs, all of which could materially adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Furthermore, we obtain motorized chassis from a number of different chassis suppliers who are required to comply with strict emission standards. As governmental agencies revise those standards, the chassis manufacturers must comply within the timeframes established. Uncertainties created by continued emission standards compliance requirements or the adoption of revised emission standards include the ability of the chassis manufacturer to comply with such standards on a timely and ongoing basis as well as the ability to produce sufficient quantities of compliant chassis to meet our demand. In the past, certain chassis manufacturers have experienced difficulties in meeting one or both of these requirements. In addition, revisions to chassis by the suppliers often impact our engineering and production processes and may result in increased chassis costs and/or other costs to us.
Increased public attention to environmental, social and governance matters may expose us to negative public perception, impose additional costs on our business or impact our stock price.
Recently, increased attention is being directed towards publicly traded companies regarding environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) matters. A failure, or perceived failure, to achieve stated ESG goals, respond to regulatory requirements or meet investor or customer expectations related to ESG concerns could cause harm to our business and reputation. For example, our RV products are powered by gasoline and diesel engines or are required to be towed by gasoline or diesel-powered vehicles. Government, media or activist pressure to limit emissions could negatively impact consumers’ perceptions of our products which could have a material adverse effect on our business, and the actions taken by governments and other actors to reduce emissions could impose costs that could materially affect our results of operation and financial condition.
Additionally, while we strive to create an inclusive culture and workforce where everyone feels valued and respected, a failure, or perceived failure, to properly address inclusivity matters could result in reputational harm, reduced sales or an inability to attract and retain a talented workforce.
Organizations that provide information to investors on corporate governance and other matters have developed rating systems for evaluating companies on their approach to ESG. Unfavorable ESG ratings may lead to negative investor sentiment which could have a negative impact on our stock price.
More stringent privacy, data use, data protection and artificial intelligence laws and regulations as well as consumers’ heightened expectations to safeguard their personal information may have an adverse impact on our business.
We are subject to laws, rules and regulations in the United States and other countries (such as the European Union’s and the U.K.’s General Data Protection Regulations and the California Consumer Privacy Act) relating to the collection, use, cross-border data transfer and security of personal information of consumers, employees or others, including laws that may require the Company to notify regulators and affected individuals of a data security incident. Existing and newly developed laws and regulations may contain broad definitions of personal information, are subject to change, are subject to uncertain interpretations by courts and regulators and may be inconsistent from state to state or country to country. Accordingly, complying with such laws and regulations may lead to a decline in consumer engagement or cause us to incur substantial costs to modify our business practices. Moreover, regulatory actions seeking to impose significant financial penalties for noncompliance and/or legal actions (including pursuant to laws providing for private rights of action by consumers) could be brought against the Company in the event of a data compromise, misuse of consumer information or perceived or actual non-compliance with data protection, privacy or artificial intelligence requirements. The rapid evolution and increased adoption of artificial intelligence technologies may intensify these risks. Further, any unauthorized release of personal information could harm our reputation, disrupt our business, cause us to expend significant resources and lead to a loss of consumer confidence resulting in an adverse impact on our business.
Our business is subject to numerous national, regional, federal, state and local regulations in the various countries in which we operate, sell and/or use our products.
Our operations are subject to numerous national, regional, federal, state and local regulations governing the manufacture and sale of our products, including various vehicle and component safety and compliance standards. In various jurisdictions, governmental agencies require a manufacturer to recall and repair vehicles which contain certain hazards or defects. Any recalls of our products, voluntary or involuntary, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and could harm our reputation. Additionally, changes in policy, regulations or the imposition of additional regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our U.S. operations are also subject to federal and numerous state consumer protection and unfair trade practice laws and regulations relating to the sale, transportation and marketing of motor vehicles, including so-called “lemon laws”. U.S. federal and state, as well as various European laws and regulations, impose upon vehicle operators’ various restrictions on the weight, length and width of motor vehicles that may be operated in certain jurisdictions or on certain roadways. Certain jurisdictions also prohibit the sale of vehicles exceeding length restrictions. U.S. federal and state, as well as various European, authorities have environmental control standards relating to air, water, noise pollution and hazardous waste generation and disposal which affect our business and operations. Numerous other U.S. and European laws and regulations affect a wide range of the Company’s activities. A suggestion of or an investigation into potential violations of the laws and regulations to which our business or operations are subject could lead to significant penalties, including restraints on our export or import privileges, monetary fines, criminal or civil proceedings and regulatory or other actions that could materially adversely affect our operating results.
We are also subject, in the ordinary course of business, to litigation and claims arising from numerous labor and employment laws and regulations, including potential class action claims arising from alleged violations of such laws and regulations. Any liability arising from such claims would not ordinarily fall within the scope of our insurance coverages. An adverse outcome from such litigation could have a material effect on operating results.
Anti-takeover provisions in our organizational documents could delay or prevent a change of control.
Certain provisions of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, our Amended and Restated By-Laws and the Delaware General Corporation Law may have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, defer or prevent a merger, acquisition, tender offer, takeover attempt or other change of control transaction that a stockholder might consider in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares held by our stockholders.
These provisions provide for, among other things:
•The ability of our Board of Directors to issue one or more series of preferred stock without further stockholder action;
•Advance notice for nominations of directors by stockholders and for stockholders to present matters to be considered at our annual meetings;
•Certain limitations on convening special stockholder meetings;
•A requirement of the affirmative vote of the holders of 75% of our shares entitled to vote generally in the election of directors voting as a single class to remove a director without cause;
•A requirement that any “business combination,” as defined in our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, that has not been approved or authorized by 75% of our directors then in office be approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of our shares entitled to vote generally for the election of directors, voting as a single class; and
•The prohibition on engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for three years after the time at which a person became an interested stockholder unless certain conditions are met, as set forth in Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law.
These anti-takeover provisions could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if the third party’s offer may be considered beneficial by many of our stockholders. As a result, our stockholders may be limited in their ability to obtain a premium for their shares.
FINANCIAL RISKS
As is customary, we have executed repurchase agreements with numerous lending institutions who finance certain of our independent dealers’ purchases of our products.
In accordance with customary practice in the RV industry, upon the request of a lending institution financing an independent dealer’s purchase of our products, we will generally execute a repurchase agreement with the lending institution. Repurchase agreements provide that, typically for a period of up to 18 months after a recreational vehicle is financed and in the event of default by the dealer, we will repurchase the recreational vehicle repossessed by the lending institution for the amount then due, which is usually less than 100% of the dealer’s cost. In addition to the obligations under these repurchase agreements, we may also be required to repurchase inventory relative to dealer terminations in certain states in accordance with state laws or regulatory requirements.
The difference between the gross repurchase price and the price at which the repurchased product can then be resold, which is typically at a discount to the original sale price, is an expense to us. Thus, if we are obligated to repurchase a substantial number of recreational vehicles or incur substantial discounting to resell these units in the future, we would incur increased costs and our profit margins and results of operations would be negatively affected. In difficult economic times, this amount could increase significantly compared to other years.
Changes in tax rates, tax legislation or exposure to additional tax liabilities or tariffs could have a negative impact on our results of operations, cash flows, financial condition, dividend payments or strategic plan.
We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Our domestic and international tax liabilities are dependent upon the location of earnings among, and the applicable tax rates in, these different jurisdictions. Tax rates in various jurisdictions in which we operate or sell our products may increase to fund past or future governmental programs. The United States or other governmental authorities may adjust tax rates, impose new income taxes or indirect taxes, or revise interpretations of existing tax rules and regulations. Further, the outcome of future elections and the associated political party with power to enact legislation could make tax increases more likely and more severe.
Our effective income tax rate could also be affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in statutory rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities or changes in tax laws or their interpretation. If our effective tax rate were to increase, or if the ultimate determination of our taxes owed is for an amount in excess of amounts previously accrued, our operating results, cash flows and financial condition could be adversely affected, which, in turn, could negatively impact the availability of cash for dividend payments or our strategic plan.
We could incur impairment charges for goodwill, intangible assets, equity investments or other long-lived assets.
We have a material amount of goodwill, intangible assets, equity investments and other long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment. At least annually, we review goodwill for impairment. Long-lived assets, equity investments, identifiable intangible assets and goodwill are also reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable from future cash flows. These events or circumstances could include a significant change in the business climate, legal factors, operating performance indicators, competition, sale or disposition of a significant portion of the business or other factors. A non-cash impairment charge is recorded for the amount by which the carrying value of the intangible or long-lived asset, asset group or reporting unit exceeds its fair value at the time of measurement. Our determination of future cash flows, future recoverability and fair value includes significant estimates and assumptions. Changes in those estimates or assumptions or lower-than-anticipated future financial performance may result in the identification of an impaired asset and a non-cash impairment charge, which could be material. Any such charge could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.
Our business is affected by the availability and terms of financing to independent dealers and retail purchasers.
Generally, independent recreational vehicle dealers finance their purchases of inventory with financing provided by lending institutions. A decrease in the availability of this type of wholesale financing, more restrictive lending practices or an increase in the cost of such wholesale financing has historically limited or prevented independent dealers from carrying normalized levels of inventory, which led to reduced demand for our products, lower sales, higher discounts to entice sales and an adverse impact to our results of operations.
The impact of recent inflation on consumer confidence, which historically has been highly correlated with RV retail sales, and the impact of inflation on the availability of discretionary funds of our end consumers, combined with significantly higher interest rates compared to recent years impacting both our independent dealers and the end consumer, has had a negative impact on demand for our products at both the wholesale and retail levels. Ongoing elevated interest rates or future substantial or sudden increases in interest rates and decreases in the general availability of credit could have an adverse impact on our independent dealers and therefore on our business and results of operations. A decrease in availability of consumer credit resulting from unfavorable economic conditions, or ongoing elevated interest rates or future additional increases in the cost of consumer credit, may cause consumers to reduce discretionary spending which could, in turn, reduce demand for our products and negatively affect our sales and profitability.
Two major floor plan financial institutions held approximately 50% of our products’ portion of our independent dealers’ total floored dollars outstanding at July 31, 2024. In the event that either of these lending institutions limit or discontinue dealer financing, we could experience a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
The Company’s debt arrangements and provisions in our debt agreements may make us more sensitive to the effects of economic downturns.
As of July 31, 2024, total gross outstanding debt was $1,151,279, consisting of $594,361 outstanding on our term loan facility which matures on November 15, 2030; $500,000 of Senior Unsecured Notes due October 15, 2029 and $56,918 outstanding on other debt facilities with varying maturity dates through September 2032. Our loan documents contain restrictions which could prevent or restrict, in certain circumstances, operations, payment of dividends or incurrence of additional debt. In addition, we must make mandatory prepayments of principal under the term loan agreement upon the occurrence of certain specified events, including certain asset sales, debt issuance and generation of annual cash flows in excess of certain amounts. Our level of debt impacts our profit before tax and cash flows as a result of the interest expense and periodic debt and interest payments. In addition, our debt level could limit our ability to raise additional capital, if necessary, or increase borrowing costs on future debt if we are unable to replace existing debt with comparable new debt and may have the effect, among other things, of reducing our flexibility to respond to changing business and economic conditions, requiring us to use a portion of our cash flows to repay indebtedness and placing us at a disadvantage compared to competitors with lower debt obligations.
Our ability to make payments on our indebtedness depends on our ability to generate cash in the future. If we do not generate sufficient cash flows to meet our debt service, capital investment and working capital requirements, we may need to fund those requirements with additional borrowings from the asset-based credit facility (“ABL”), reduce or cease our payments of dividends, reduce our level of capital investment and/or working capital or we may need to seek additional financing or sell assets.
Availability under the ABL agreement is subject to a borrowing base calculated based on a percentage of applicable eligible receivables and eligible inventory. As such, we may not have full access to our current ABL availability based on the actual borrowing base calculation at any future period.
Changes in market liquidity conditions, credit ratings and other factors may impact our access to future funding and the cost of debt.
Significant changes in market liquidity conditions and changes in our credit ratings could impact our access to future funding, if needed, and funding costs, which could negatively impact our earnings and cash flows. If general economic conditions deteriorate or capital markets are volatile, future funding, if needed, could be unavailable or insufficient. A debt crisis, particularly in the United States or Europe, could negatively impact currencies, global financial markets, social and political stability, funding sources, availability and costs, asset and obligation values, customers, suppliers, demand for our products and our operations and financial results. Financial market conditions could also negatively impact dealer or retail customer access to capital for purchases of our products and consumer confidence and purchase decisions which could, in turn, reduce demand for our products and have a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
Our risk management policies and procedures may not be fully effective in achieving their purposes.
There is no assurance our monitoring and oversight activities to manage our enterprise risks will be fully effective in achieving their purpose and may leave exposure to identified or unidentified risks. Past or future misconduct by our employees or vendors could result in violations of law by us, regulatory sanctions and/or serious reputational or financial harm. The Company monitors its policies, procedures and controls; however, our policies, procedures and controls may not be sufficient to prevent all forms of misconduct. We review our compensation policies and practices as part of our overall enterprise risk management program, but it is possible that our compensation policies could incentivize inappropriate risk taking or misconduct. Such inappropriate risk taking or misconduct could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and/or our financial condition.

---

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

---

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
As of July 31, 2024, worldwide we owned or leased approximately 25,541,000 square feet of total manufacturing plant and office space. We believe that our present facilities, consisting primarily of steel clad, steel or wood frame and masonry construction, and the machinery and equipment contained in these facilities, are generally well maintained and in good condition. We believe that our facilities are suitable and adequate for their intended purposes and that we would be able to obtain replacements for our leased premises at acceptable costs should our leases not be renewed.
The following table describes the location, number and size of our principal manufacturing plants and other materially important physical properties as of July 31, 2024:
Locations - Applicable Segment(s) Owned
or
Leased No. of
Buildings Approximate
Building Area Square Feet
United States:
Indiana - North American Towable Segment Owned 83 5,999,000
Indiana - North American Towable Segment Leased 1 124,000
Indiana - North American Towable and Motorized Segments Owned 40 2,856,000
Indiana - North American Motorized Segment Owned 18 1,200,000
Indiana - Corporate, North American Towable and Motorized Segments Owned 25 1,490,000
Indiana - Corporate, North American Towable and Motorized Segments Leased 1 1,000
Indiana - Other Owned 4 341,000
Indiana - Other Leased 14 1,148,000
Indiana Subtotal 186 13,159,000
Ohio - North American Towable and Motorized Segments Owned 13 1,336,000
Alabama - North American Motorized Segment Owned 28 1,100,000
Alabama - North American Motorized Segment Leased 3 29,000
Mississippi - North American Motorized Segment Owned 8 240,000
Mississippi - North American Motorized Segment Leased 3 162,000
Michigan - North American Towable Segment Owned 1 148,000
Michigan - North American Towable Segment Leased 1 88,000
Michigan - Other Owned 1 10,000
Michigan - Other Leased 4 270,000
Idaho - North American Towable Segment Owned 5 661,000
Oregon - North American Towable Segment Owned 5 371,000
Other United States - Other Owned 3 611,000
Other United States - Other Leased 5 183,000
Other Subtotal 80 5,209,000
United States Subtotal 266 18,368,000
Europe:
Germany - European Segment Owned 83 4,065,000
Germany - European Segment Leased 33 1,283,000
Italy - European Segment Owned 3 493,000
Italy - European Segment Leased 6 256,000
Italy - Other Leased 2 119,000
France - European Segment Owned 6 313,000
Poland - European Segment Owned 1 318,000
United Kingdom - European Segment Owned 1 326,000
Europe Subtotal 135 7,173,000
Total 401 25,541,000

---

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company is involved in certain litigation arising out of its operations in the normal course of its business, most of which is based upon state “lemon laws,” warranty claims and vehicle accidents in North America (for which the Company carries insurance above a specified self-insured retention or deductible amount). The outcomes of legal proceedings and claims brought against the Company are subject to significant uncertainty. There is significant judgment required in assessing both the probability of an adverse outcome and the determination as to whether an exposure can be reasonably estimated. In management’s opinion, the ultimate disposition of any current legal proceedings or claims against the Company will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, operating results or cash flows. Litigation is, however, inherently uncertain and an adverse outcome from such litigation could have a material effect on the operating results of a particular reporting period.
A product recall was issued in late fiscal 2021 related to certain purchased parts utilized in certain of our products, and an accrued liability to cover anticipated costs was established at that time. During fiscal 2022 through fiscal 2024, the accrual was adjusted quarterly based on developments involving the recall, including our expectations regarding the extent of vendor reimbursements and the estimated total cost of the recall. The Company has been, and will continue to be, reimbursed by the suppliers of the products for a portion of the costs it will incur related to this recall. In addition, we accrued expenses during fiscal 2022 based on developments related to an ongoing investigation by certain German-based authorities regarding the adequacy of historical disclosures of vehicle weight in advertisements and other Company-provided marketing literature in Germany. Throughout fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2024, this accrual was adjusted quarterly, if necessary, based on developments involving this matter. The Company fully cooperated with the investigation, which was fully resolved, and related payments were made by the end of fiscal 2024 in an amount not materially different from the adjusted amounts previously accrued.
The Company does not believe there will be a material adverse impact to our future results of operations and cash flows due to these matters.

---

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
PART II
Unless otherwise indicated, all Dollar and Euro amounts are presented in thousands except per share data.

---

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
The Company’s Common Stock, par value $0.10 per share (the “Common Stock”), is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “THO.”
Holders
As of September 16, 2024, the number of holders of record of the Common Stock was 136.
Dividends
In fiscal 2024, we paid a $0.48 per share dividend for each fiscal quarter. In fiscal 2023, we paid a $0.45 per share dividend for each fiscal quarter.
The Company’s Board of Directors currently intends to continue regular quarterly cash dividend payments in the future. As is customary under credit facilities generally, certain actions, including our ability to pay dividends, are subject to the satisfaction of certain payment conditions prior to payment. The conditions for the payment of dividends under our existing debt facilities include a minimum level of adjusted excess cash availability and a fixed charge coverage ratio test, both as defined in the credit agreements. The declaration of future dividends and the establishment of the per share amounts, record dates and payment dates for any such future dividends are subject to the determination of the Board of Directors, and will be dependent upon future earnings, cash flows and other factors, in addition to compliance with any then-existing financing facilities.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
During the three months ended July 31, 2024, the Company used $25,353 to purchase shares of common stock under its share repurchase authorizations. The Company’s total remaining authorization for common stock repurchases was $422,820 at July 31, 2024.
A summary of the Company’s share repurchases during the three months ended July 31, 2024 is set forth below:
Period Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price
Paid per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1)
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
5/1/24 - 5/31/24 - $ - - $ 448,173
6/1/24 - 6/30/24 266,367 $ 95.18 266,367 $ 422,820
7/1/24 - 7/31/24 - $ - - $ 422,820
266,367 266,367
(1)On December 21, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized Company management to utilize up to $250,000 to repurchase shares of the Company’s common stock through December 21, 2024. On June 24, 2022, the Board authorized Company management to utilize up to an additional $448,321 to repurchase shares of the Company’s common stock through July 31, 2025. Under the two share repurchase authorizations, the Company is authorized to repurchase, on a discretionary basis and from time-to-time, outstanding shares of its common stock in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions or by other means. The timing and amount of share repurchases will be determined at the discretion of the Company’s management team based upon the market price of the stock, management’s evaluation of general market and economic conditions, cash availability and other factors. The share repurchase program may be suspended, modified or discontinued at any time, and the Company has no obligation to repurchase any amount of its common stock under this program. During the three months ended July 31, 2024, the Company purchased 266,367 shares of its common stock, at various times in the open market, at a weighted-average price of $95.18 and held them as treasury shares at an aggregate purchase price of $25,353, entirely from the June 24, 2022 authorization. During the twelve months ended July 31, 2024, the Company purchased 720,997 shares of its common stock, at various times in the open market, at a weighted-average price of $94.85 and held them as treasury shares at an aggregate purchase price of $68,387, with 453,194 shares, or $42,886, coming from the December 21, 2021 authorization and 267,803 shares, or $25,501, coming from the June 24, 2022 authorization. Since the inception of the initial December 21, 2021 authorization, the Company has purchased 3,214,772 shares of its common stock, at various times in the open market, at a weighted-average price of $85.70 and held them as treasury shares at an aggregate purchase price of $275,501. As of July 31, 2024, there are no remaining shares of the Company’s common stock that may be repurchased under the December 21, 2021 authorization. As of July 31, 2024, the remaining amount of the Company’s common stock that may be repurchased under the June 24, 2022 authorization expiring on July 31, 2025 is $422,820.
Equity Compensation Plan Information - see Item 12.

---

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
ITEM 6. (RESERVED)

---

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Unless otherwise indicated, all Dollar and Euro amounts are presented in thousands except per share data.
Our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in Item 8 of this Report.
The discussion below is a comparison of the results of operations and changes in financial condition for the fiscal years ended July 31, 2024 and 2023. The comparison of, and changes between, the fiscal years ended July 31, 2023 and 2022 can be found within “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2023, as filed with the SEC on September 25, 2023.
Executive Summary
We were founded in 1980 and have grown to become the largest manufacturer of recreational vehicles (“RVs”) in the world based on units sold and revenue. We are also the largest manufacturer of RVs in North America, and one of the largest manufacturers of RVs in Europe. In North America, according to Stat Surveys, for the six months ended June 30, 2024, THOR’s current combined U.S. and Canadian market share based on units was approximately 40.2% for travel trailers and fifth wheels combined and approximately 47.2% for motorhomes. In Europe, according to the European Caravan Federation (“ECF”), EHG’s current market share for the six months ended June 30, 2024 based on units was approximately 25.3% for motorcaravans and campervans combined and approximately 18.3% for caravans.
Our business model includes decentralized operating units, and our RV products are primarily sold to independent, non-franchise dealers who, in turn, retail those products. The Company also sells component parts to both RV and other original equipment manufacturers, including aluminum extruded components, and sells aftermarket component parts through dealers and retailers. Our growth has been achieved both organically and through acquisition, and our strategy is designed to increase our profitability by driving innovation, servicing our customers, manufacturing quality products, improving the efficiencies of our facilities and making strategic growth acquisitions.
We generally do not finance dealers directly, but we do provide repurchase agreements to the dealers’ floor plan lenders.
We generally have financed our growth through a combination of internally generated cash flows from operations and, when needed, outside credit facilities. Capital acquisitions of $139,617 in fiscal 2024 were made primarily for purchases of land, production building additions and improvements and replacing machinery and equipment used in the ordinary course of business. See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for capital acquisitions by segment. Ongoing supply chain constraints, particularly chassis delivery sequence issues within our European operations, have and could continue to impact our business and our consolidated financial results and financial position. In addition, the impact of recent inflation on consumer confidence, which historically has been highly correlated with RV retail sales, and the impact of inflation on the availability of discretionary funds of our end consumers, combined with significantly higher interest rates compared to recent years impacting both our independent dealers and the end consumer, had a negative impact on demand for our products at both the wholesale and retail levels during fiscal 2024, particularly in North America, and are expected to continue to impact the remainder of calendar year 2024. These risks to our business are more fully described in Part 1, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of this Report.
Significant Fiscal 2024 Events
Refinancing of Credit Agreements
On November 15, 2023, the Company entered into amendments to both its term loan and ABL agreements to extend maturities and lower the applicable margins used to determine the interest rate on the U.S. dollar-denominated loan tranche. The maturity date for the term loan was extended from February 1, 2026 to November 15, 2030. Covenants and other material provisions of the term loan agreement remain materially unchanged. Pursuant to the ABL amendment, the maturity date for loans under the ABL agreement was extended from September 1, 2026 to November 15, 2028. Maximum availability under the ABL remains at $1,000,000 and the applicable margin, covenants and other material provisions of the ABL remain materially unchanged. As a result of these amendments and associated maturity date extensions, the Company recognized total expense of $14,741 in fiscal 2024.
Subsequently, on July 1, 2024, the Company entered into an amendment to its term loan to modify the applicable margins used to determine the interest rate on both the U.S. dollar-denominated loans and Euro-denominated loans. The U.S. dollar interest under the amended agreement was reduced by 0.50% so that the applicable margin for Alternate Base Rate (“ABR”)-based loans is now 1.25% and for Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”)-based loans is 2.25%. In addition, the applicable margin for the Euro loan interest was reduced by 0.25% so that the applicable margin for the EURIBOR-based loans is 2.75%.
North American RV Industry
The Company monitors industry conditions in the North American RV market using a number of resources including its own performance tracking and modeling. The Company also considers monthly wholesale shipment data as reported by the RVIA, which is typically issued on a one-month lag and represents manufacturers’ North American RV production and delivery to dealers. In addition, we monitor monthly North American retail sales trends as reported by Stat Surveys, whose data is typically issued on a month-and-a-half lag. The Company believes that monthly RV retail sales data is important as consumer purchases impact future dealer orders and ultimately our production and net sales.
North American RV independent dealer inventory of our North American RV products as of July 31, 2024 decreased 14.3% to approximately 75,000 units from approximately 87,500 units as of July 31, 2023. During fiscal 2023, particularly in the second half of fiscal 2023, retail sales began to slow, and carrying costs for dealers increased significantly due to inflationary cost increases and the rapid increase in floor plan interest rates during that period. These factors, among others, combined to cause dealers to reduce the number of units they carried as of July 31, 2024.
As of July 31, 2024, we believe North American dealer inventory levels for most products are generally at, or slightly higher than, the levels that dealers are comfortable stocking given the current retail sales levels and associated carrying costs. We believe dealers will continue to closely evaluate the unit stocking levels that they will elect to carry in future periods, which may be less than historical unit stocking levels, due to a combination of factors such as retail activity, RV wholesale prices as well as interest rates and other carrying costs.
THOR’s total North American RV backlog as of July 31, 2024 decreased $669,701, or 33.5%, to $1,329,282 from $1,998,983 as of July 31, 2023. The decrease in backlog is primarily a result of a reduction in recent orders from dealers, mainly for motorized products, which we believe is due to lower retail sales and dealer concerns over current interest costs and other carrying costs compared to the prior-year period.
North American Industry Wholesale Statistics
Key wholesale statistics for the North American RV industry, as reported by RVIA for the periods indicated, are as follows:
U.S. and Canada Wholesale Unit Shipments
Six Months Ended June 30, Increase %
2024 2023 (Decrease) Change
North American Towable units 159,407 139,337 20,070 14.4
North American Motorized units 19,189 25,493 (6,304) (24.7)
Total 178,596 164,830 13,766 8.4
In September 2024, RVIA issued a revised forecast for calendar year 2024 North American wholesale unit shipments. Under a most likely scenario, towable and motorized unit shipments are projected to increase to approximately 289,800 and 34,300, respectively, for an annual total of approximately 324,100 units, up 3.5% from the 2023 calendar year wholesale shipments. The RVIA most likely forecast for calendar year 2024 could range from a lower estimate of approximately 311,600 total units to an upper estimate of approximately 336,600 units.
As part of their September 2024 forecast, RVIA also issued a downward revision of their initial June 2024 estimates for calendar year 2025 wholesale unit shipments. In the most likely scenario, towable and motorized unit shipments are projected to increase to an approximated annual total of 346,100 units, or 6.8% higher than the most likely scenario for calendar year 2024 wholesale shipments. This calendar year 2025 most likely forecast could range from a lower estimate of approximately 329,900 total units to an upper estimate of approximately 362,300 units. RVIA stated the primary reason for the downward revision of their calendar year 2025 wholesale unit shipments is the unfavorable impact of persistently elevated interest rates on retail sales causing a delay in the anticipated recovery of wholesale shipments.
North American Industry Retail Statistics
We believe that retail demand is the key to growth in the North American RV industry, and that annual North American RV industry wholesale shipments will return to typical seasonal patterns as dealer inventory levels and consumer demand become more balanced.
Key retail statistics for the North American RV industry, as reported by Stat Surveys for the periods indicated, are as follows:
U.S. and Canada Retail Unit Registrations
Six Months Ended June 30, Increase %
2024 2023 (Decrease) Change
North American Towable units 166,760 186,292 (19,532) (10.5)
North American Motorized units 21,382 25,584 (4,202) (16.4)
Total 188,142 211,876 (23,734) (11.2)
Note: Data reported by Stat Surveys is based on official state and provincial records. This information is subject to adjustment, is continuously updated and is often impacted by delays in reporting by various states or provinces.
While we anticipate that near-term demand will be influenced by many factors, including consumer confidence and the level of consumer spending on discretionary products, we believe future retail demand over the longer term will exceed historical, pre-pandemic levels. We believe interest in the RV lifestyle remains high as consumers continue to value the perceived benefits offered by the RV lifestyle, which provides people with the ability to connect with loved ones and nature as well as the potential to get away for short, frequent breaks or longer adventures.
Company North American Wholesale Statistics
The Company’s wholesale RV shipments, for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, to correspond with the industry wholesale periods noted above, were as follows:
U.S. and Canada Wholesale Unit Shipments
Six Months Ended June 30, Increase %
2024 2023 (Decrease) Change
North American Towable units 62,507 53,148 9,359 17.6
North American Motorized units 8,974 11,491 (2,517) (21.9)
Total 71,481 64,639 6,842 10.6
Company North American Retail Statistics
Retail statistics of the Company’s RV products, as reported by Stat Surveys, for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, to correspond with the industry retail periods noted above, were as follows:
U.S. and Canada Retail Unit Registrations
Six Months Ended June 30, Increase %
2024 2023 (Decrease) Change
North American Towable units 65,216 77,242 (12,026) (15.6)
North American Motorized units 10,102 12,552 (2,450) (19.5)
Total 75,318 89,794 (14,476) (16.1)
Note: Data reported by Stat Surveys is based on official state and provincial records. This information is subject to adjustment, is continuously updated and is often impacted by delays in reporting by various states or provinces.
North American Outlook
Historically, RV industry sales have been impacted by a number of economic conditions faced by RV dealers, and ultimately retail consumers, such as the rate of unemployment, the rate of inflation, the level of consumer confidence, the disposable income of consumers, interest rates, credit availability, the health of the housing market, tax rates and fuel availability and prices. We believe these factors will continue to affect retail sales in our fiscal 2025. In addition, due to inflationary pressures, higher interest rates and other factors, we believe that RV dealers will be continuously reevaluating their desired stocking levels, which may result in lower than historical dealer inventory stocking levels on a unit basis. It is difficult to predict the extent to which any or all of these factors will impact the RV industry or our business in a particular future period, however, we currently believe the remainder of calendar year 2024 will continue to be negatively impacted by these factors.
Despite the near-term challenges, we remain optimistic about future growth in North American retail sales in the long term, as there are many factors driving product interest. Surveys conducted by THOR, RVIA and others show that Americans of all generations love the freedom of the outdoors and the enrichment that comes with living an active lifestyle. RVs allow people to be in control of their travel experiences, going where they want, when they want and with the people they want. The RV units we design, produce and sell allow people to spend time outdoors pursuing their favorite activities, creating cherished moments and deeply connecting with family and friends. Based on the ongoing value consumers place on these factors, we expect to see long-term growth in the North American RV industry. The growth in industry-wide RV sales during late calendar year 2020 through early calendar year 2023 resulted in exposing a wider range of consumers to the RV lifestyle. As a result, we believe many of those who have been recently exposed to the industry for the first time will become future owners, and that those who became first-time owners since the onset of the pandemic will become long-term RVers, resulting in future repeat and upgrade sales opportunities. We also believe many consumers are likely to continue opting for fewer vacations via air travel, cruise ships and hotels, while preferring vacations that RVs are uniquely positioned to provide, allowing consumers the ability to explore or unwind, often close to home. In addition, we believe that the availability of camping and RV parking facilities will be an important factor in the future growth of the industry and view both the significant recent investments and the future committed investments by campground owners, states and the federal government in camping facilities and accessibility to state and federal parks and forests to be positive long-term factors.
Economic and industry-wide factors that have historically affected, and which we believe will continue to affect, our operating results include the costs of commodities, the availability of critical supply components and labor costs incurred in the production of our products. Material and labor costs are the primary factors determining our cost of products sold, and any future increases in raw material or labor costs will impact our profit margins negatively if we are unable to offset those cost increases through a combination of product recontenting, material sourcing strategies, efficiency improvements or raising the selling prices for our products by corresponding amounts. Historically, we have generally been able to offset net cost increases over time through these measures.
It is extremely difficult to predict when or whether future supply chain issues related to chassis or other components used in the production of RVs will arise. Modifying available chassis for certain motorized products to use for other products is not a viable alternative, particularly in the short term, due to engineering requirements. The North American recreational vehicle industry has, from time to time in the past, experienced shortages of chassis for various reasons, including component shortages, production delays or other production issues and work stoppages at the chassis manufacturers.
While the North American RV industry has at times faced supply shortages or delivery delays of other, non-chassis raw material components, the supply chain is currently able to support our demand. If any of these factors were to impact our suppliers’ ability to fully supply our needs for key components, our costs of such components and our production output could be adversely affected.
European RV Industry
The Company monitors industry conditions in the European RV market using a number of resources including its own performance tracking and modeling. The Company also considers retail trends in the European RV market as reported by the European Caravan Federation (“ECF”) and its members. On a monthly basis, the Company receives OEM-specific reports for most of the individual member countries that make up the ECF through the Caravaning Industrie Verband e.V. (“CIVD”). The timing of these reports may vary, but typically they are issued on a one-to-two-month lag. While most countries provide OEM-specific information, the United Kingdom, which made up 17.4% and 9.3% of the caravan and motorcaravan (including campervans) European market for the six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, does not provide OEM-specific information. Industry wholesale shipment data for the European RV market is not available.
Within Europe, over 90% of our sales are made to dealers within 10 different European countries. The market conditions, as well as the operating status of our independent dealers within each country, vary based on the various local economic and other conditions. It is inherently difficult to generalize about the operating conditions within the entire European region.
Independent dealer inventory of our European RV products as of July 31, 2024 was approximately 26,200 units as compared to approximately 21,200 units as of July 31, 2023. Independent RV dealer inventory levels of our European products are generally in line with historic seasonal levels in the various countries we serve. Within Germany, which accounts for approximately 60% of our European product sales, independent dealer inventory levels are also generally in line with historic norms.
Our European Recreational Vehicle backlog as of July 31, 2024 decreased $1,598,867, or 45.0%, to $1,950,793 compared to $3,549,660 as of July 31, 2023, primarily due to improved chassis supply availability as chassis constraints in the prior year resulted in significantly elevated backlogs as of July 31, 2023.
European Industry Retail Statistics
Key retail statistics for the European RV industry, as reported by the ECF for the periods indicated, are as follows:
European Unit Registrations
Motorcaravan and Campervan (2)
Caravan
Six Months Ended June 30, %
Change Six Months Ended June 30, %
Change
2024 2023 2024 2023
OEM Reporting Countries (1)
82,773 76,831 7.7 26,879 27,932 (3.8)
Non-OEM Reporting Countries (1)
11,867 9,684 22.5 7,758 8,844 (12.3)
Total 94,640 86,515 9.4 34,637 36,776 (5.8)
(1)Industry retail registration statistics have been compiled from individual countries' reporting of retail sales, and include the following countries: Germany, France, Sweden, Netherlands, Norway, Italy, Spain and others, collectively the “OEM Reporting Countries.” The “Non-OEM Reporting Countries” are primarily the United Kingdom and others. Total European unit registrations are reported quarterly by the ECF.
(2)The ECF reports motorcaravans and campervans together.
Note: Data from the ECF is subject to adjustment, is continuously updated and is often impacted by delays in reporting by various countries. (The "Non-OEM Reporting Countries" either do not report OEM-specific data to the ECF or do not have it available for the entire time period covered).
Company European Retail Statistics
European Unit Registrations (1)
Six Months Ended June 30, Increase %
2024 2023 (Decrease) Change
Motorcaravan and Campervan 20,941 15,868 5,073 32.0
Caravan 4,909 5,156 (247) (4.8)
Total OEM-Reporting Countries 25,850 21,024 4,826 23.0
(1)Company retail registration statistics have been compiled from individual countries' reporting of retail sales, and include the following countries: Germany, France, Sweden, Netherlands, Norway, Italy, Spain and others, collectively the “OEM Reporting Countries.”
Note: Data from the ECF is subject to adjustment, is continuously updated and is often impacted by delays in reporting by various countries.
European Outlook
Our European operations offer a full lineup of leisure vehicles including caravans and motorized products including urban vehicles, campervans and small-to-large motorcaravans. Our product offerings are not limited to vehicles only but also include accessories and services, including vehicle rentals. We address European retail customers through a sophisticated brand management approach based on consumer segmentation according to target group, core values and emotions. With the help of data-based and digital marketing, we intend to continue expanding our retail customer reach to new and younger consumer segments.
The impact of current macroeconomic factors on our business, including inflation and interest rates, supply chain constraints, environmental and sustainability regulations and geopolitical events, is uncertain. Our outlook for future European RV retail sales depends upon the various economic and regulatory conditions in the respective countries in which we sell our products, and on our ability to manage through supply chain issues that have, and are expected to continue to, impact the efficiency of our production of our motorized products in the near term. End-customer demand for RVs depends strongly on consumer confidence. Factors such as the rate of unemployment, the rate of inflation, private consumption and investments, the level of disposable income of consumers, interest rates, the health of the housing market, tax rates and regulatory restrictions and, since the pandemic, travel safety considerations all influence retail sales. Our long-term outlook for future growth in European RV retail sales remains positive as more people discover RVs as a way to support their lifestyle in search of independence and individuality, as well as using the RV as a multi-purpose vehicle to escape urban life and explore outdoor activities and nature.
We and our independent European dealers market our European recreational vehicles through multiple avenues including at numerous RV fairs at the country and regional levels which occur throughout the calendar year. These fairs have historically been well-attended events that allow retail consumers the ability to see the newest products, features and designs and to talk with product experts in addition to being able to purchase or order an RV. The most recent 2024 Caravan Salon show in late August 2024 experienced near-record attendance, demonstrating the high level of interest in the RV lifestyle despite the current macroeconomic uncertainties facing many consumers. In addition to our attendance at various strategic trade fairs, we have and will continue to strengthen and expand our digital activities to reach high potential target groups, generate leads and steer customers directly to dealerships. With approximately 1,100 active independent dealers in Germany and throughout Europe with whom we do business, we believe our European brands have one of the strongest and most professionally structured dealer and service networks in Europe.
Economic or industry-wide factors affecting our European RV operating results include the availability and costs of commodities and component parts and the labor used in the manufacture of our products. Material and labor costs are the primary factors determining our cost of products sold and any future increases in these costs will impact our profit margins negatively if we are unable to offset those cost increases through a combination of product recontenting, material sourcing strategies, efficiency improvements or raising the selling prices for our products by corresponding amounts.
While overall chassis supply has improved, we anticipate disruptions in the sequence of delivery of chassis to continue through the remainder of calendar year 2024. The sequence of chassis supply inhibits our ability to efficiently and consistently maintain our planned production levels. Uncertainties related to changing emission standards may also impact the availability of chassis used in our production of certain European motorized RVs and could also impact consumer buying patterns.
In Europe, we experienced cost increases, supply shortages and delivery delays of other, non-chassis raw material components which negatively impacted the efficiency of our production in the current fiscal year. We believe these shortages and delays will continue to result in production inefficiencies in the near term, which will have a negative impact on our European operating results as well as on our consolidated results due to the negative impact of completing units off the production line.
Where possible, to minimize the future impact of supply chain constraints, we have identified a second-source supplier base for certain component parts, however, the engineering requirements required with an alternate component part, particularly the chassis our various units are built upon, limits the impact of these alternative suppliers on reducing any near-term supply constraints.
In addition to potential future material supply constraints, labor shortages may also impact our European operations. Currently, we are experiencing a shortage of available skilled workers due to near full employment rates in the European countries where the majority of our manufacturing sites are located.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
FISCAL 2024 VS. FISCAL 2023
FISCAL 2024
FISCAL 2023
Change
Amount %
Change
NET SALES:
Recreational vehicles
North American Towable $ 3,679,671 $ 4,202,628 $ (522,957) (12.4)
North American Motorized 2,445,850 3,314,170 (868,320) (26.2)
Total North America 6,125,521 7,516,798 (1,391,277) (18.5)
European 3,364,980 3,037,147 327,833 10.8
Total recreational vehicles 9,490,501 10,553,945 (1,063,444) (10.1)
Other 781,927 777,639 4,288 0.6
Intercompany eliminations (229,020) (209,979) (19,041) (9.1)
Total $ 10,043,408 $ 11,121,605 $ (1,078,197) (9.7)
# OF UNITS:
Recreational vehicles
North American Towable 112,830 106,504 6,326 5.9
North American Motorized 18,761 24,832 (6,071) (24.4)
Total North America 131,591 131,336 255 0.2
European 55,317 55,679 (362) (0.7)
Total 186,908 187,015 (107) (0.1)
% of
Segment
Net Sales % of
Segment
Net Sales
GROSS PROFIT:
Recreational vehicles
North American Towable $ 427,386 11.6 $ 503,487 12.0 $ (76,101) (15.1)
North American Motorized 277,840 11.4 442,715 13.4 (164,875) (37.2)
Total North America 705,226 11.5 946,202 12.6 (240,976) (25.5)
European 581,211 17.3 505,344 16.6 75,867 15.0
Total recreational vehicles 1,286,437 13.6 1,451,546 13.8 (165,109) (11.4)
Other, net 165,525 21.2 144,807 18.6 20,718 14.3
Total $ 1,451,962 14.5 $ 1,596,353 14.4 $ (144,391) (9.0)
SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES:
Recreational vehicles
North American Towable $ 246,330 6.7 $ 243,616 5.8 $ 2,714 1.1
North American Motorized 136,398 5.6 175,509 5.3 (39,111) (22.3)
Total North America 382,728 6.2 419,125 5.6 (36,397) (8.7)
European 298,013 8.9 271,038 8.9 26,975 10.0
Total recreational vehicles 680,741 7.2 690,163 6.5 (9,422) (1.4)
Other 75,108 9.6 65,955 8.5 9,153 13.9
Corporate 139,682 - 113,936 - 25,746 22.6
Total $ 895,531 8.9 $ 870,054 7.8 $ 25,477 2.9
FISCAL 2024
% of
Segment
Net Sales FISCAL 2023
% of
Segment
Net Sales Change
Amount %
Change
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES:
Recreational vehicles
North American Towable $ 169,232 4.6 $ 237,123 5.6 $ (67,891) (28.6)
North American Motorized 126,496 5.2 255,207 7.7 (128,711) (50.4)
Total North America 295,728 4.8 492,330 6.5 (196,602) (39.9)
European 231,377 6.9 179,625 5.9 51,752 28.8
Total recreational vehicles 527,105 5.6 671,955 6.4 (144,850) (21.6)
Other, net 45,299 5.8 36,965 4.8 8,334 22.5
Corporate (223,560) - (209,567) - (13,993) (6.7)
Total $ 348,844 3.5 $ 499,353 4.5 $ (150,509) (30.1)
As of
July 31, 2024
As of
July 31, 2023
Change
Amount %
Change
ORDER BACKLOG:
Recreational vehicles
North American Towable $ 552,379 $ 756,047 $ (203,668) (26.9)
North American Motorized 776,903 1,242,936 (466,033) (37.5)
Total North America 1,329,282 1,998,983 (669,701) (33.5)
European 1,950,793 3,549,660 (1,598,867) (45.0)
Total $ 3,280,075 $ 5,548,643 $ (2,268,568) (40.9)
CONSOLIDATED
Consolidated net sales for fiscal 2024 decreased $1,078,197, or 9.7%, compared to fiscal 2023. The decrease in consolidated net sales is primarily due to lower current dealer and consumer demand in comparison to fiscal 2023 in the North American Towable and Motorized segments, partially offset by an increase in net sales from our European segment. Approximately 34% of the Company’s net sales for fiscal 2024 were transacted in a currency other than the U.S. dollar. The Company’s most material exchange rate exposure is sales in Euros. The $1,078,197, or 9.7% decrease in consolidated net sales in fiscal 2024 includes an increase of $66,670 from the change in currency exchange rates between the two periods. To determine this impact, net sales transacted in currencies other than U.S. dollars have been translated to U.S. dollars using the average exchange rates that were in effect during the comparative period.
Consolidated gross profit for fiscal 2024 decreased $144,391, or 9.0%, compared to fiscal 2023. Consolidated gross profit was 14.5% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2024 and 14.4% for fiscal 2023. The decrease in consolidated gross profit in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 was primarily due to the impact of the decrease in consolidated net sales.
Selling, general and administrative expenses for fiscal 2024 increased $25,477, or 2.9%, compared to fiscal 2023, which included increased sales-related travel, advertising and promotional costs, dealer settlement and repurchase costs, research and development costs and professional fees, including third-party fees related to the debt refinancing in the second quarter of fiscal 2024. These cost increases were partially offset by the impact of the 9.7% decrease in consolidated net sales and the decrease in income before income taxes, which resulted in lower sales commissions and other incentive compensation, and there was a combined decrease in net costs related to the investigation of the Company’s advertising practices in Germany and a product recall as discussed in Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Selling, general and administrative expenses were 8.9% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2024 and 7.8% for fiscal 2023, with the increase in percentage due to the combination of the decrease in consolidated net sales in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 and the increase in costs.
Amortization of intangible assets expense for fiscal 2024 decreased $8,264, or 5.9%, to $132,544, compared to fiscal 2023 due to a reduction in dealer network amortization, which is amortized on an accelerated basis and therefore decreases over time.
The decrease of $150,509, or 30.1%, in income before income taxes for fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023, was primarily driven by the decrease in consolidated net sales and the increase in selling, general and administrative expenses noted above.
The overall annual effective income tax rate for fiscal 2024 was 23.9%, compared with 25.1% for fiscal 2023. The primary reason for the decrease in the overall annual effective income tax rate relates to the favorable impact of the terms of the resolution of certain matters discussed in Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in fiscal 2024.
Additional information concerning the changes in net sales, gross profit and selling, general and administrative expenses are addressed below in the segment reporting that follows.
The $25,746 increase in Corporate expenses included in selling, general and administrative expenses for fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 includes an increase of $9,594 in legal and professional fees, primarily related to third-party fees of $7,175 incurred with the debt refinancing discussed in Note 13 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The $25,746 increase also includes an increase in deferred compensation expense of $8,475 due to market value fluctuations between the two periods, an increase in innovation-led research and development costs of $8,463 and an increase in stock-based and other compensation costs of $4,018. Costs related to certain dealer promotional programs also increased $4,500. These expense increases were partially offset by income of $17,012 related to the legal and recall matters discussed in Note 15 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Net expense for Corporate interest and other income and expenses decreased $11,753 in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023. Net interest expense decreased by $12,157, in spite of the one-time debt refinancing fees of $7,566 incurred in the second quarter of fiscal 2024, due to increased interest income received from higher average cash balances held and higher interest income rates combined with lower debt interest expense, primarily due to lower average debt balances outstanding. In addition, there were favorable changes of $8,038 in the fair value of the Company’s deferred compensation plan assets and $7,958 in the fair value of certain other equity investments, both due to market value fluctuations between the two periods. These net expense decreases were partially offset by a decrease of $7,227 in non-cash foreign currency gains on certain Euro-denominated loans in fiscal 2024 as compared to fiscal 2023, and operating losses related to our equity investments as discussed in Note 8 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were $2,976 larger in fiscal 2024 as compared to fiscal 2023, primarily due to the current period including a full year of results in fiscal 2024 as compared to seven months in fiscal 2023.
SEGMENT REPORTING
North American Towable Recreational Vehicles
Analysis of Change in Net Sales for Fiscal 2024 vs. Fiscal 2023
Fiscal 2024
% of
Segment
Net Sales Fiscal 2023
% of
Segment
Net Sales Change
Amount %
Change
NET SALES:
North American Towable
Travel Trailers $ 2,395,246 65.1 $ 2,587,686 61.6 $ (192,440) (7.4)
Fifth Wheels 1,284,425 34.9 1,614,942 38.4 (330,517) (20.5)
Total North American Towable $ 3,679,671 100.0 $ 4,202,628 100.0 $ (522,957) (12.4)
Fiscal 2024
% of
Segment
Shipments Fiscal 2023
% of
Segment
Shipments Change
Amount %
Change
# OF UNITS:
North American Towable
Travel Trailers 91,639 81.2 81,432 76.5 10,207 12.5
Fifth Wheels 21,191 18.8 25,072 23.5 (3,881) (15.5)
Total North American Towable 112,830 100.0 106,504 100.0 6,326 5.9
IMPACT OF CHANGE IN PRODUCT MIX AND PRICE ON NET SALES: %
Change
North American Towable
Travel Trailers (19.9)
Fifth Wheels (5.0)
Total North American Towable (18.3)
The decrease in total North American Towable net sales of 12.4% compared to the prior fiscal year resulted from a 5.9% increase in unit shipments and a 18.3% decrease in the overall net price per unit due to the combined impact of changes in product mix and price. The increase in unit shipments is primarily due to the recent demand for the lower cost travel trailer units as compared to the prior year. According to statistics published by RVIA, for the twelve months ended July 31, 2024, combined travel trailer and fifth wheel wholesale unit shipments increased 8.0% compared to the same period last year. According to statistics published by Stat Surveys, for the twelve-month periods ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, our retail market share for travel trailers and fifth wheels combined was 40.4% and 42.4%, respectively.
The decreases in the overall net price per unit within the travel trailer product line of 19.9% and the fifth wheel product line of 5.0% during fiscal 2024 were primarily due to product mix changes trending toward more moderately-priced units as compared to fiscal 2023.
North American Towable cost of products sold decreased $446,856 to $3,252,285, or 88.4% of North American Towable net sales, for fiscal 2024 compared to $3,699,141, or 88.0% of North American Towable net sales, for fiscal 2023. Changes in material, labor, freight-out and warranty costs comprised $418,720 of the $446,856 decrease in cost of products. Material, labor, freight-out and warranty costs as a combined percentage of North American Towable net sales were 80.2% for both fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023, as a decrease in the material cost percentage driven by the combined favorable impacts of selective net selling price increases, stable material costs and cost-saving initiatives was offset by an increase in the labor cost percentage due to product mix changes and a modest increase in the warranty cost percentage.
Total manufacturing overhead decreased $28,136 in correlation with the decrease in sales but increased as a percentage of North American Towable net sales from 7.8% to 8.2%, as the decreased net sales levels resulted in higher overhead costs per unit sold. Variable costs in manufacturing overhead decreased $28,487 in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 as a result of the decrease in North American Towable net sales.
The decrease of $76,101 in North American Towable gross profit for fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 was driven by the decrease in net sales, and the decrease in the gross profit percentage is due to the increase in the cost of products sold percentage noted above.
The increase of $2,714 in North American Towable selling, general and administrative expenses for fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 includes the impact of the decreases in North American Towable net sales and income before income taxes, which caused related commissions, incentive and other compensation to decrease by $6,310. Sales-related travel, advertising and promotional costs also decreased $2,160. These decreases were more than offset by an increase of $15,229 in professional fees and settlement and RV repurchase costs. The increase in the overall selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of North American Towable net sales was primarily due to the decrease in North American Towable net sales.
The decrease of $67,891 in North American Towable income before income taxes for fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 was primarily due to the decrease in North American Towable net sales, and the primary reasons for the decrease in the percentage of North American Towable net sales were the increases in the cost of products sold and selling, general and administrative expense percentages noted above.
North American Motorized Recreational Vehicles
Analysis of Change in Net Sales for Fiscal 2024 vs. Fiscal 2023
Fiscal 2024
% of
Segment
Net Sales Fiscal 2023
% of
Segment
Net Sales Change
Amount %
Change
NET SALES:
North American Motorized
Class A $ 776,836 31.8 $ 1,066,617 32.2 $ (289,781) (27.2)
Class C 1,162,140 47.5 1,536,398 46.4 (374,258) (24.4)
Class B 506,874 20.7 711,155 21.4 (204,281) (28.7)
Total North American Motorized $ 2,445,850 100.0 $ 3,314,170 100.0 $ (868,320) (26.2)
Fiscal 2024
% of
Segment
Shipments Fiscal 2023
% of
Segment
Shipments Change
Amount %
Change
# OF UNITS:
North American Motorized
Class A 3,838 20.5 5,246 21.1 (1,408) (26.8)
Class C 10,560 56.3 13,643 54.9 (3,083) (22.6)
Class B 4,363 23.2 5,943 24.0 (1,580) (26.6)
Total North American Motorized 18,761 100.0 24,832 100.0 (6,071) (24.4)
IMPACT OF CHANGE IN PRODUCT MIX AND PRICE ON NET SALES: %
Change
North American Motorized
Class A (0.4)
Class C (1.8)
Class B (2.1)
Total North American Motorized (1.8)
The decrease in total North American Motorized net sales of 26.2% compared to the prior fiscal year resulted from a 24.4% decrease in unit shipments and a 1.8% decrease in the overall net price per unit due to the combined impact of changes in product mix and price, which included elevated sales discounts compared to the prior fiscal year. The decrease in unit shipments is primarily due to a softening in current dealer and consumer demand in comparison with the demand in the prior fiscal year, which included independent dealer restocking of certain motorized products. According to statistics published by RVIA, for the twelve months ended July 31, 2024, combined motorhome wholesale unit shipments decreased 24.2% compared to the same period last year. According to statistics published by Stat Surveys, for the twelve-month periods ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, our retail market share for motorhomes was 47.7% and 48.2%, respectively.
The decreases in the overall change in product mix and price per unit within the Class A product line of 0.4%, the Class C product line of 1.8% and the Class B product line of 2.1% during fiscal 2024 were all primarily due to both higher discounting levels and consumers trending toward more moderately-priced units compared to the prior fiscal year.
North American Motorized cost of products sold decreased $703,445 to $2,168,010, or 88.6% of North American Motorized net sales, for fiscal 2024 compared to $2,871,455, or 86.6% of North American Motorized net sales, for fiscal 2023. The changes in material, labor, freight-out and warranty costs comprised $665,521 of the $703,445 decrease due to the decreased sales volume. Material, labor, freight-out and warranty costs as a combined percentage of motorized net sales was 82.4% for fiscal 2024 compared to 80.9% for fiscal 2023, with the increase mainly due to an increase in the material cost percentage, primarily due to higher sales discounting, which effectively decreases net selling prices and correspondingly increases the material cost percentage, as well as increased chassis costs. These material cost percentage increases were partially offset by the favorable impact of the North American Motorized LIFO inventory liquidation of approximately $23,900 in fiscal 2024.
Total manufacturing overhead decreased $37,924 with the decrease in net sales but increased as a percentage of North American Motorized net sales from 5.7% to 6.2%, as the decrease in net sales levels resulted in slightly higher overhead costs per unit sold. Variable costs in manufacturing overhead decreased $39,251 in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 as a result of the decrease in North American Motorized net sales.
The decrease of $164,875 in North American Motorized gross profit for fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 was driven by the decrease in net sales, while the decrease in the gross profit percentage was due to the increase in the cost of products sold percentage noted above.
The decrease of $39,111 in North American Motorized selling, general and administrative expenses in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 was primarily due to the decreases in North American Motorized net sales and income before income taxes, which caused related commissions, incentive and other compensation to decrease by $40,330. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in professional fees and settlement and RV repurchase costs of $5,690. The increase in the overall selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of North American Motorized net sales was primarily due to the decrease in North American Motorized net sales.
The decrease of $128,711 in North American Motorized income before income taxes for fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 was primarily due to the decrease in North American Motorized net sales, and the primary reasons for the decrease in the percentage of North American Motorized net sales were the increases in the cost of products sold and selling, general and administrative expense percentages noted above.
European Recreational Vehicles
Analysis of Change in Net Sales for Fiscal 2024 vs. Fiscal 2023
Fiscal 2024
% of
Segment
Net Sales Fiscal 2023
% of
Segment
Net Sales Change
Amount %
Change
NET SALES:
European
Motorcaravan $ 1,747,291 51.9 $ 1,409,137 46.4 $ 338,154 24.0
Campervan 1,064,293 31.6 987,623 32.5 76,670 7.8
Caravan 235,928 7.0 358,415 11.8 (122,487) (34.2)
Other 317,468 9.5 281,972 9.3 35,496 12.6
Total European $ 3,364,980 100.0 $ 3,037,147 100.0 $ 327,833 10.8
Fiscal 2024
% of
Segment
Shipments Fiscal 2023
% of
Segment
Shipments Change Amount % Change
# OF UNITS:
European
Motorcaravan 23,300 42.1 19,391 34.8 3,909 20.2
Campervan 22,461 40.6 21,087 37.9 1,374 6.5
Caravan 9,556 17.3 15,201 27.3 (5,645) (37.1)
Total European 55,317 100.0 55,679 100.0 (362) (0.7)
IMPACT OF CHANGES IN FOREIGN CURRENCY, PRODUCT MIX AND PRICE ON NET SALES:
Foreign
Currency % Mix and
Price % %
Change
European
Motorcaravan 2.2 1.6 3.8
Campervan 2.2 (0.9) 1.3
Caravan 2.2 0.7 2.9
Total European 2.2 9.3 11.5
The increase in total European Recreational Vehicle net sales of 10.8% compared to the prior fiscal year resulted from a decrease of 0.7% in unit shipments and an increase of 11.5% in the overall net price per unit due to the total impact of changes in foreign currency, product mix and price. The increase in European Recreational Vehicle net sales of $327,833 includes an increase of $66,670, or 2.2% of the 10.8% increase, due to the increase in foreign exchange rates in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023. Sales on a constant-currency basis increased by 8.6%.
The overall net price per unit increase of 11.5% includes an increase of 2.2% due to the impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes and a constant-currency increase of 9.3% due to the combined impact of product mix and selling price increases, primarily due to the much higher concentration of the higher-priced Motorcaravan sales in the current fiscal year compared to the prior fiscal year, primarily due to improved supply of chassis and other components compared to the prior fiscal year.
The constant-currency increases in the overall net price per unit within the Motorcaravan product line of 1.6% and the Caravan product line of 0.7% were primarily due to the impact of net selling price increases and product mix changes. The constant-currency decrease in the overall net price per unit within the Campervan product line of 0.9% was primarily due to the impact of product mix changes and increased sales discounting.
European Recreational Vehicle cost of products sold increased 251,966 to $2,783,769, or 82.7% of European Recreational Vehicle net sales, for fiscal 2024 compared to 2,531,803, or 83.4% of European Recreational Vehicle net sales, for fiscal 2023. The changes in material, labor, freight-out and warranty costs comprised $210,144 of the $251,966 increase. Material, labor, freight-out and warranty costs as a combined percentage of European Recreational Vehicle net sales decreased to 72.5% for fiscal 2024 compared to 73.4% for fiscal 2023 primarily due to a decrease in the labor cost percentage from product mix changes, mainly the increased concentration of motorcaravans which carry a lower direct labor percentage relative to their sales price. The material cost and warranty cost percentages also improved slightly.
Total manufacturing overhead increased $41,822 with the increase in European Recreational Vehicle net sales and increased as a percentage of European Recreational Vehicle net sales from 10.0% to 10.2% primarily due to small increases in manufacturing overhead wages and benefits and depreciation expense as a percentage of European Recreational Vehicle net sales.
The increase of $75,867 in European Recreational Vehicle gross profit for fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 was primarily due to the increase in European Recreational Vehicle net sales and the decrease in the cost of products sold percentage noted above.
The $26,975 increase in European Recreational Vehicle selling, general and administrative expenses for fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 included the impact of the increases in European Recreational Vehicle net sales and income before income taxes, which caused related commissions, incentive and other compensation to increase by $6,732. Sales-related travel and advertising and promotional costs also increased $11,617, primarily due to increased display space at the annual Caravan Salon show and attending more regional shows in comparison to the prior fiscal year, and professional fees also increased $2,699.
The primary reason for the $51,752 increase in European Recreational Vehicle income before income taxes was the increase in European Recreational Vehicle net sales. The primary reasons for the increase in percentage was the decrease in the cost of products sold percentage noted above. Amortization expense was also 0.3% lower as a percentage of sales in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of July 31, 2024, we had $501,316 in cash and cash equivalents, of which $373,031 is held in the United States and the equivalent of $128,285, predominantly in Euros, is held in Europe, compared to $441,232 on July 31, 2023, of which $338,703 was held in the United States and the equivalent of $102,529, predominantly in Euros, was held in Europe. Cash and cash equivalents held internationally may be subject to foreign withholding taxes if repatriated to the United States. The components of the $60,084 increase in cash and cash equivalents are described in more detail below, but the increase was primarily attributable to cash provided by operations of $545,548 less cash used in financing activities of $337,677 and cash used in investing activities of $146,812.
Net working capital at July 31, 2024 was $1,083,005 compared to $1,077,098 at July 31, 2023. Capital expenditures of $139,635 for fiscal 2024 were made primarily for production building additions and improvements and replacing machinery and equipment used in the ordinary course of business.
We strive to maintain adequate cash balances to ensure we have sufficient resources to respond to opportunities and changing business conditions. In addition, the unused availability under our revolving asset-based credit facility is generally available to the Company for general operating purposes and approximated $814,000 at July 31, 2024. We believe our on-hand cash and cash equivalents and funds generated from operations, along with funds available under the revolving asset-based credit facility, will be sufficient to fund expected operational requirements for the foreseeable future.
Our priorities for the use of current and future available cash generated from operations remain consistent with our history, and include reducing our indebtedness, maintaining and, over time, growing our dividend payments and funding our growth, both organically and, opportunistically, through acquisitions. We may also consider strategic and opportunistic repurchases of shares of THOR stock under the share repurchase authorizations as discussed in Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, and special dividends based upon market and business conditions and excess cash availability, subject to potential customary limits and restrictions pursuant to our credit facilities, applicable legal limitations and determination by the Company’s Board of Directors (“Board”). We believe our on-hand cash and cash equivalents and funds generated from operations will be sufficient to fund expected cash dividend payments and share repurchases for the foreseeable future.
Our current estimate of committed and internally approved capital spend for fiscal 2025 is $225,000, primarily for certain building projects and certain automation projects, as well as replacing and upgrading machinery, equipment and other assets throughout our facilities to be used in the ordinary course of business. We anticipate approximately two-thirds of our capital spend will be in North America and one-third in Europe, and that these expenditures will be funded by cash provided by our operating activities.
The Company’s Board currently intends to continue regular quarterly cash dividend payments in the future. As is customary under credit facilities, certain actions, including our ability to pay dividends, are subject to the satisfaction of certain payment conditions prior to payment. The conditions for the payment of dividends under the existing debt facilities include a minimum level of adjusted excess cash availability and a fixed charge coverage ratio test, both as defined in the credit agreements. The declaration of future dividends and the establishment of the per share amounts, record dates and payment dates for any such future dividends are subject to the determination of the Board, and will be dependent upon future earnings, cash flows and other factors, in addition to compliance with any then-existing financing facilities.
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities for fiscal 2024 was $545,548 as compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $981,633 for fiscal 2023.
For fiscal 2024, net income adjusted for non-cash items (primarily depreciation, amortization of intangibles, deferred income tax benefit and stock-based compensation) provided $564,153 of operating cash. The change in net working capital used operating cash of $18,605 during fiscal 2024, primarily due to a reduction in inventory levels being more than offset by a decrease in accounts payable associated with the decrease in inventory levels, required income tax payments exceeding the income tax provision for fiscal 2024 and a decrease in certain accrued liabilities as a result of the reduction in sales and production compared to fiscal 2023.
For fiscal 2023, net income adjusted for non-cash items (primarily depreciation, amortization of intangibles, deferred income tax benefit and stock-based compensation) provided $664,339 of operating cash. The change in net working capital provided additional operating cash of $317,294 during fiscal 2023, primarily due to decreases in accounts receivable due to lower sales levels and a reduction in inventory levels.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for fiscal 2024 was $146,812, primarily due to capital expenditures of $139,635.
Net cash used in investing activities for fiscal 2023 was $222,483, primarily due to capital expenditures of $208,194.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities for fiscal 2024 was $337,677, including borrowings of $113,502 on the asset-based credit facility for temporary working capital needs and subsequent payments of $111,555 on the asset-based credit facility. In addition, borrowings of $186,723 were made in connection with the debt refinancing as discussed in Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, and payments totaling $340,619 were made on the term-loan credit facilities, of which $127,626 was paid in connection with the debt refinancing. Additionally, the Company made regular quarterly cash dividend payments of $0.48 per share for each quarter of fiscal 2024 totaling $102,137, and $68,387 was used for treasury share repurchases.
Net cash used in financing activities for fiscal 2023 was $635,685, including payments of $100,000 on the ABL facility and $402,355 on the term-loan credit facilities. Additionally, the Company made regular quarterly cash dividend payments of $0.45 per share for each quarter of fiscal 2023 totaling $95,969, and $42,007 was used for treasury share repurchases.
The Company increased its previous regular quarterly dividend of $0.45 per share to $0.48 per share in October 2023. The Company increased its previous regular quarterly dividend of $0.43 per share to $0.45 per share in October 2022.
Principal Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
Our principal contractual obligations and commercial commitments at July 31, 2024 are summarized in the following charts. Unrecognized income tax benefits in the amount of $12,405 have been excluded from the table because we are unable to determine a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of future payment. We have no other material off-balance sheet commitments.
Payments Due By Period
Contractual Obligations Total Fiscal
2025 Fiscal
2026-2027 Fiscal
2028-2029 After 5 Years
Debt principal payments (1)
$ 1,151,279 $ 32,650 $ 5,838 $ 10,720 $ 1,102,071
Finance leases (2)
$ 3,144 $ 1,083 $ 2,003 $ 58 $ -
Operating leases (2)
$ 59,678 $ 17,182 $ 20,373 $ 8,445 $ 13,678
Purchase obligations (3)
$ 191,621 $ 191,621 $ - $ - $ -
Total contractual cash obligations $ 1,405,722 $ 242,536 $ 28,214 $ 19,223 $ 1,115,749
(1)See Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
(2)See Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
(3)Represent commitments to purchase specified quantities of raw materials at market prices. The dollar values above have been estimated based on July 31, 2024 market prices.
Total Amounts Committed Amount of Commitment Expiration Per Period
Other Commercial Commitments Less Than
One Year (1)
1-3 Years 4-5 Years Over 5 Years
Standby repurchase obligations (1)
$ 3,642,137 $ 2,210,005 $ 1,432,132 $ - $ -
(1)The standby repurchase totals above do not consider any curtailments that lower the eventual repurchase obligation totals, and these obligations generally extend up to eighteen months from the date of sale of the related product to the dealer. In estimating the expiration of the standby repurchase obligations, we used inventory reports as of July 31, 2024 from our independent dealers’ primary lending institutions and made an assumption for obligations for inventory aged 0-12 months that it was financed evenly over the twelve-month period.
Application of Critical Accounting Estimates
See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on the Company’s significant accounting policies.
The Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires the use of estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. We believe that of our accounting estimates, the following may involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity:
Business Combinations
We account for the acquisition of a business using the acquisition method of accounting. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including amounts attributed to non-controlling interests, are recorded at the acquisition date at their fair values. Assigning fair values requires the Company to make significant estimates and assumptions regarding the fair values of identifiable intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, deferred tax asset valuation allowances, and liabilities, such as uncertain tax positions and contingencies. The Company may refine these estimates, if necessary, over a period not to exceed one year by taking into consideration new information that, if known at the acquisition date, would have affected the fair values ascribed to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.
Significant estimates and assumptions are used in estimating the value of acquired identifiable intangible assets, including estimating future cash flows based on revenues and margins that the Company expects to generate following the acquisition, selecting an applicable royalty rate where needed, determining an appropriate dealer attrition rate, applying an appropriate discount rate to estimate a present value of those cash flows and determining their useful lives. Subsequent changes to projections driven by actual results following the acquisition date could require the Company to record impairment charges.
Goodwill, Intangible and Long-Lived Assets
Goodwill results from the excess of purchase price over the net assets of an acquired business. The Company’s reporting units are generally the same as its operating segments, which are identified in Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually as of May 31 of each fiscal year and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an impairment may have occurred. The total carrying value of goodwill as of July 31, 2024 is $1,786,973. See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of changes in carrying value by fiscal year and reportable segment. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge equal to that excess is recognized, not to exceed the amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. As part of the annual impairment testing, the Company may utilize a qualitative approach rather than a quantitative approach to determine if an impairment exists, considering various factors including industry changes, actual results as compared to forecasted results, or the timing of a recent acquisition, if applicable.
For the Company’s May 31, 2024 annual impairment test, multiple reporting units showed fair value exceeding carrying value by less than 25%. The aggregate value of goodwill in these reporting units is approximately 85% of the Company’s consolidated goodwill balance. Fair values are determined using discounted cash flow models, and these estimates are subject to significant management judgment, including the determination of many factors and inputs such as, but not limited to, sales growth rates, gross margin patterns, cost growth rates, terminal value assumptions and discount rates developed using market observable inputs and consideration of risk regarding future performance. Market multiples derived from selected guideline public companies are also utilized to evaluate the discounted cash flow models. Changes in any of these estimates can have a significant impact on the determination of fair value. Additionally, market data and factors outside the Company’s control, such as interest rates, dealer and end consumer demand, consumer preferences or unexpected competition could have a significant impact on estimated fair values. Changes in any of these estimates or other factors could potentially result in future material impairments in one or more of the Company’s reporting units.
The Company’s intangible assets are dealer networks, trademarks and design technology and other intangible assets acquired in business acquisitions. Dealer networks are valued on a Discounted Cash Flow method and are amortized on an accelerated basis over 12 to 20 years, with amortization beginning after any applicable backlog amortization is completed. Trademarks and design technology assets are both valued on a Relief of Royalty method and are both amortized on a straight-line basis, using lives of 15 to 25 years for trademarks and 10 to 15 years for design technology assets, respectively. Amortizable intangible assets, net as of July 31, 2024 totaled $861,133. See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of the components of that balance.
We review our tangible and intangible long-lived assets (individually or in a related group, as appropriate) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable from future cash flows attributable to the assets. We continually assess whether events or changes in circumstances represent a ‘triggering’ event that would require us to complete an impairment assessment. Factors that we consider in determining whether a triggering event has occurred include, among other things, whether there has been a significant adverse change in legal factors, business climate or competition related to the operation of the asset, whether there has been a significant decrease in actual or expected operating results related to the asset and whether there are current plans to sell or dispose of the asset. The determination of whether a triggering event has occurred is subject to significant management judgment, including at which point or fiscal quarter a triggering event has occurred when the relevant adverse factors persist over extended periods.
The Company completed its annual goodwill impairment test as of May 31, 2024, and no impairment was identified. See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding goodwill and intangible assets.
Product Warranty
We generally provide retail customers of our products with either a one-year or two-year warranty covering defects in material or workmanship, with longer warranties on certain structural components or other items. We record a liability, which totaled $311,627 at July 31, 2024, based on our best estimate of the amounts necessary to settle unpaid existing claims and estimated future claims on products sold as of the balance sheet date. Factors we use in estimating the warranty liability include a history of retail sold units, existing THOR units in dealer inventory, historical average costs per unit incurred and a profile of the distribution of warranty expenditures over the warranty period. A significant increase in service shop rates, the cost of parts or the frequency of claims could have a material adverse impact on our operating results for the period or periods in which such additional claims or costs materialize. Management believes that the warranty liability is appropriate; however, actual claims incurred could differ from estimates, requiring adjustments to the reserves.
Accounting Pronouncements
Reference is made to Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report for a summary of recently adopted accounting pronouncements, which summary is hereby incorporated by reference.

---

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company is exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. At times, the Company enters into hedging transactions to mitigate certain of these risks in accordance with guidelines established by the Company’s management. The Company does not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
CURRENCY EXCHANGE RISK - The Company’s principal currency exposures mainly relate to the Euro and British Pound Sterling. The Company has used foreign currency forward contracts to manage certain foreign exchange rate exposure related to anticipated sales transactions in Pound Sterling with financial instruments whose maturity date, along with the realized gain or loss, occurs on or near the execution of the anticipated transaction.
The Company also holds $386,279 of debt denominated in Euros at July 31, 2024. A hypothetical 10% change in the Euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate would change our July 31, 2024 debt balance by an estimated $38,628.
INTEREST RATE RISK - Based on our assumption of the Company’s floating-rate debt levels over the next 12 months, a one-percentage-point increase in interest rates (approximately 14.1% of our weighted-average interest rate at July 31, 2024) would result in an estimated $6,026 reduction in income before income taxes over a one-year period.

---

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The information provided in pages through at the end of this Report is incorporated by reference in response to this Item.
Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
Quarter Ended
Fiscal 2024
October 31 January 31 April 30 July 31
Net sales $ 2,500,759 $ 2,207,369 $ 2,801,113 $ 2,534,167
Gross profit 357,932 270,847 421,852 401,331
Net income attributable to THOR Industries, Inc. 53,565 7,217 114,511 90,015
Earnings per common share: (1)
Basic $ 1.01 $ 0.14 $ 2.15 $ 1.70
Diluted $ 0.99 $ 0.13 $ 2.13 $ 1.68
Dividends paid per common share $ 0.48 $ 0.48 $ 0.48 $ 0.48
Market prices per common share
High $ 116.31 $ 122.00 $ 129.31 $ 110.32
Low $ 84.55 $ 87.52 $ 96.99 $ 88.37
Quarter Ended
Fiscal 2023
October 31 January 31 April 30 July 31
Net sales $ 3,108,084 $ 2,346,635 $ 2,928,820 $ 2,738,066
Gross profit 486,476 282,935 432,637 394,305
Net income attributable to THOR Industries, Inc. 136,185 27,080 120,719 90,287
Earnings per common share: (1)
Basic $ 2.54 $ 0.51 $ 2.26 $ 1.69
Diluted $ 2.53 $ 0.50 $ 2.24 $ 1.68
Dividends paid per common share $ 0.45 $ 0.45 $ 0.45 $ 0.45
Market prices per common share
High $ 96.11 $ 94.46 $ 105.36 $ 115.52
Low $ 67.09 $ 74.00 $ 74.50 $ 75.93
(1)Earnings per common share are computed independently for each of the quarters presented based on net income attributable to THOR Industries, Inc. The summation of the quarterly amounts will not necessarily equal the total earnings per common share reported for the year due to changes in the weighted-average shares outstanding during the year.

---

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.

---

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Part A - Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains “disclosure controls and procedures”, as such term is defined under Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, the Company’s management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives and the Company’s management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. The Company has carried out an evaluation, as of the end of the period covered by this report, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management as appropriate to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Part B - Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Internal control over financial reporting refers to a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect our transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and members of our Board of Directors and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
The Company’s management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2024 using the criteria set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on its assessment, management believes that as of July 31, 2024, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.
Our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP, has issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting. The report appears in Part D of this Item 9A.
Part C - Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Part D - Attestation Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of THOR Industries, Inc.
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of THOR Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of July 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended July 31, 2024, of the Company and our report dated September 24, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Chicago, Illinois
September 24, 2024

---

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Arrangements
The Company’s Insider Trading Policy permits its directors and officers to trade Company stock under a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K) that is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act, subject to compliance with applicable regulations as well as the Company’s Insider Trading Policy and share ownership requirements. The Insider Trading Policy provides that each officer or director Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement must be entered into in writing during an open trading window and at a time that the officer or director is not aware of material nonpublic information. The Company generally requires that any Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement adopted by an officer or director must not expire within one year of implementation and is subject to a mandatory cooling-off period requirement.
On July 2, 2024, our Chief Operating Officer, Todd Woelfer, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (providing for the sale of up to 22,500 shares of Company common stock) that is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act. Mr. Woelfer’s Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement provides for a mandatory cooling-off period as required by Rule 10b5-1 and is scheduled to expire on September 26, 2025 or such earlier date as of which all of the shares covered by the arrangement have been sold. As of July 31, 2024, Mr. Woelfer held 72,514 shares of Company common stock not subject to trading under his Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement.
Except as described above, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K) during the three months ended July 31, 2024.

---

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The Company has adopted a written code of ethics, the “THOR Industries, Inc. Business Ethics Policy”, which is applicable to all directors, officers and employees of the Company, including the Company’s principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller and other executive officers identified pursuant to this Item 10 who perform similar functions (collectively, the “Selected Officers”). In accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC, a copy of the code has been posted on the Company’s website at https://ir.thorindustries.com/corporate-governance/governance-documents/default.aspx and is also available in print to any person, without charge, upon request. The Company intends to disclose any changes in or waivers from its code of ethics applicable to any Selected Officer on its website at www.thorindustries.com or by filing a Form 8-K.
The other information in response to this Item is included under the captions OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS; EXECUTIVE OFFICERS WHO ARE NOT DIRECTORS; BOARD OF DIRECTORS: STRUCTURE AND COMMITTEES AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: OWNERSHIP OF COMMON STOCK and DELINQUENT SECTION 16(A) REPORTS in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A, which portions of said Proxy Statement are hereby incorporated by reference.

---

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required in response to this Item is contained under the captions COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS, EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION: BOARD OF DIRECTORS: STRUCTURE AND COMMITTEES AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE - DIRECTOR COMPENSATION and COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A, which portions of said Proxy Statement are hereby incorporated by reference.

---

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table provides information as of July 31, 2024 about the Company’s Common Stock that is authorized for issuance under the THOR Industries, Inc. 2016 Equity and Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”).
Plan Category Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights
(a) Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights
(b) Number of securities
remaining available for future
issuance under equity
compensation plans
(excluding securities reflected in column (a))
(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders 939,238 (1) $ - (2) 823,120 (3)
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders - - -
Total 939,238 $ - 823,120
(1)Represents shares underlying restricted stock units and performance stock units granted pursuant to the 2016 Plan.
(2)The restricted stock units and performance stock units totaling 939,238 in column (a) do not have an exercise price.
(3)Represents shares remaining available for future issuance pursuant to the 2016 Plan.
The other information required in response to this Item is contained under the caption OWNERSHIP OF COMMON STOCK in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement, to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A, which portions of said Proxy Statement are hereby incorporated by reference.

---

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required in response to this Item is contained under the captions CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND TRANSACTIONS WITH MANAGEMENT and BOARD OF DIRECTORS: STRUCTURE, COMMITTEES AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A, which portions of said Proxy Statement are hereby incorporated by reference.

---

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information required in response to this Item is contained under the caption INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM FEES in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement, to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A, which portion of said Proxy Statement is hereby incorporated by reference.
PART IV

---

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)(1) Financial Statements
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP (Firm ID No. 34)
Consolidated Balance Sheets, July 31, 2024 and 2023
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended July 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended July 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended July 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the Years Ended July 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022
(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules
All financial statement schedules have been omitted since the required information is either not applicable, not material or is included in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(b)Exhibits
Exhibit Description ***
2.1 Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 1, 2021, by and among the Company, AirX Intermediate, Inc. and Airx Midco, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended October 31, 2021)
3.1 Thor Industries, Inc. Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 20, 2018)
3.2 Thor Industries, Inc. Amended and Restated By-Laws, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 20, 2018)
4.1 Indenture, dated as of October 14, 2021, among the Company, the guarantors named therein and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 14, 2021)
4.2 Form of 4.000% Senior Notes due 2029 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 14, 2021)
4.3 Form of Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(a) of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 1987) (P) Rule 311
4.4 Description of Registrant's Securities (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020)
10.1 Thor Industries, Inc. Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2022) +
10.2 Thor Industries, Inc. Form of Indemnification Agreement for executive officers and directors of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended January 31, 2011) +
10.3 Amended and Restated Dealer Exclusivity Agreement, dated as of January 30, 2009, by and among Thor Industries, Inc., FreedomRoads Holding Company, LLC, FreedomRoads, LLC and certain subsidiaries of FreedomRoads, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended April 30, 2011)
10.4 Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Dealer Exclusivity Agreement between the Company, FreedomRoads Holding Company, LLC, FreedomRoads, LLC and certain subsidiaries of FreedomRoads, LLC, dated as of December 22, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 22, 2009)
10.5 THOR Industries, Inc. 2016 Equity and Incentive Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Company's Additional Proxy Soliciting Materials on Schedule 14A filed on December 2, 2021) +
10.6 Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Grants to Employees of the Company under the Thor Industries, Inc. 2016 Equity and Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 20, 2017) +
10.7 Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Grants to Non-Employee Directors of the Company under the Thor Industries, Inc. 2016 Equity and Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 20, 2017) +
10.8 Term Loan Agreement, dated as of February 1, 2019, by and among the Company, as borrower, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current report on Form 8-K dated February 1, 2019, as amended April 18, 2019)
10.9 ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of February 1, 2019, by and among the Company, certain domestic subsidiaries of the Company, certain subsidiaries of EHG organized under the laws of Germany and a subsidiary of EHG organized under the laws of the United Kingdom, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto and JPMorgan, as administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current report on Form 8-K dated February 1, 2019, as amended April 18, 2019)
10.10 Amendment No. 1 to the Term Loan Credit Agreement dated as of March 25, 2021, by and among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent and Term B-1 Lender (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended April 30, 2021)
10.11 Form of Employment Agreement between the Company and each of Robert W. Martin, Colleen Zuhl, W. Todd Woelfer, and Trevor Q. Gasper dated July 24, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2023) +
10.12 Amendment No. 1 to the ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of September 1, 2021, by and among the Company, certain domestic subsidiaries of the Company, certain subsidiaries of EHG organized under the laws of Germany and a subsidiary of EHG organized under the laws of the United Kingdom, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended October 31, 2021)
10.13 Amendment No. 2 to the Term Loan Credit Agreement dated as of May 9, 2023, by and among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent and Term B-1 Lender (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2023)
10.14 Amendment No. 2 to the ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of May 1, 2023, by and among the Company, certain domestic subsidiaries of the Company, certain subsidiaries of EHG organized under the laws of Germany and a subsidiary of EHG organized under the laws of the United Kingdom, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2023)
10.15 Amendment No. 3 to the Term Loan Credit Agreement dated as of November 15, 2023, by and among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent and Term B-1 Lender (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended January 31, 2024)
10.16 Amendment No. 3 to the ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of November 15, 2023, by and among the Company, certain domestic subsidiaries of the Company, certain subsidiaries of EHG organized under the laws of Germany and a subsidiary of EHG organized under the laws of the United Kingdom, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended January 31, 2024)
10.17 Form of Employment Agreement between the Company and Michele McDermott dated January 29, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended January 31, 2024) +
10.18 Amendment No. 4 to the Term Loan Credit Agreement dated as of July 1, 2024, by and among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent and Term B-1 Lender*
19.1 THOR Industries, Inc. Policy ADM-2A: Insider Trading effective July 10, 2015, and revised effective February 1, 2024*
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Registrant*
23.1 Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, dated September 24, 2024*
31.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer filed pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
31.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer filed pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
32.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer furnished pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002**
32.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer furnished pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002**
97.1 THOR Industries, Inc.'s Amended and Restated Policy on Recoupment of Performance-Based Compensation in the Event of an Accounting Restatement*
101.INS Inline XBRL Instance Document*
101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document*
101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document*
101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document*
101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document*
101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document*
104.1 The cover page from THOR Industries Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2024 formatted in Inline XBRL (included in Exhibit 101).
Attached as Exhibits 101 to this report are the following financial statements from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended July 31, 2024 formatted in iXBRL (Inline “eXtensible Business Reporting Language”): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) related notes to these financial statements.
* Filed herewith
** Furnished herewith
*** Certain schedules and exhibits referenced in certain agreements filed as exhibits hereto have been omitted in accordance with Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. A copy of any omitted schedule and/or exhibit will be furnished supplementally to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request
+ Designates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement