EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1701605
Filing Year: 2025
Filename: 1701605_10-K_2025_0001701605-25-000035.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Baker Hughes Company ("Baker Hughes," "the Company," "we," "us," or "our") is an energy technology company with a diversified portfolio of technologies and services that span the energy and industrial value chain. Built on a century of experience and conducting business in over 120 countries, our innovative technologies and services are taking energy forward.
OUR VISION & STRATEGY
With our diverse portfolio, leading technology, and unique partnership models, we are positioned to deliver outcome-based solutions across the energy and industrial markets. By integrating health, safety & environment ("HSE") into everything we do, we protect our people, our customers, and the environment.
The oil and gas macroeconomic environment continues to be complex. While we believe the world will need hydrocarbons for many decades to come - and therefore oil and gas will continue to remain relevant in meeting global energy demand - we also acknowledge the need to transition to new energy sources. Over the last several years, this transition has progressed, with governments and society focused on a long-term goal of net-zero emissions while trying to balance the "energy trilemma" - energy security, sustainability, and affordability. There is a growing consensus the energy transition will likely take longer than many expected due to its inherent complexity overcoming technology, economics, politics, and regulatory challenges.
We believe the industry is going through a transformation that requires a change in how work gets done to enable sustainable energy development. Our existing and new customers require new partnerships, commercial models and technology solutions to deliver sustainable productivity improvements and leverage economies of scale, with a lower carbon footprint. That is why our strategy is focused on improving our core competitiveness and delivering higher-productivity solutions today, while positioning to lead the energy transition and solving the energy trilemma. Our unique and diversified portfolio is expected to benefit regardless of how quickly the energy transition develops.
Our strategy is based on three key pillars:
•Transform the core: We are transforming our current business to improve margins and cash flow, which we are achieving through portfolio rationalization, cost improvement, and new business models.
•Driving profitable growth: We are driving organic and inorganic growth to build our businesses in high potential markets where we have a strong position, including integrated solutions, mature assets solutions, and enhanced digital solutions.
•Delivering results in new energy: We are making strategic investments to drive lower carbon emissions in the energy and industrial sectors, including hydrogen; carbon capture, utilization and storage ("CCUS"); geothermal; and clean power solutions ("clean power" refers to lower carbon intensity, lower lifecycle emissions, and lower quantity of greenhouse gas emissions resulting directly from fuel combustion, relative to conventional power sources derived from fossil fuels).
We expect to benefit from our strategy in the following ways:
•Scope and scale: We have a global presence and a broad, diversified portfolio. Our products, services, and expertise serve the upstream, midstream/liquefied natural gas ("LNG") and downstream sectors of the oil and gas industry, as well as broader chemical and industrial segments across a variety of verticals. We deliver through our two operating segments: Oilfield Services & Equipment ("OFSE") and Industrial & Energy Technology ("IET") as discussed below under "Products and Services," and each are among the top providers for the majority of the product lines in the markets they serve.
•Technology: Our culture is built on a heritage of innovation and invention through research and development, with complementary capabilities. Technology remains a differentiator for us and a key enabler to drive the efficiency and productivity gains our customers require, as well as paving the way for longer term sustainable energy development. We also have a range of technologies that support our customers'
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efforts to reduce their carbon footprint. We remain committed to investing in our products and services to maintain our leadership position across our offerings, including $643 million research and development ("R&D") spend and being granted more than 1,600 patents worldwide in 2024.
•Energy transition solutions: We are positioned to support our customers' efforts to reduce their carbon footprint with a range of emissions-abatement products and services, which we refer to as "new energy." This includes turnkey solutions for flare reduction, CCUS, hydrogen production, transportation, storage and distribution, geothermal and clean power solutions. Over the past several years, we have made progress in strategic investments and acquisitions in emerging energy technologies to advance CCUS, hydrogen, clean power and e-fuels, as well as established strategic long-term partnerships with companies such as HIF Global, Air Products and NET Power, among others. We also continue to expand our low to zero-carbon solutions capabilities, helping customers to detect, quantify, and reduce emissions more efficiently and accurately, and complementing our existing solutions.
•Digital capabilities: We expect to benefit from the emerging demand for more intelligent operations and the adoption of artificial intelligence ("AI") based solutions as part of our customers' digital transformation initiatives. In 2024, we launched CarbonEdgeTM, powered by CordantTM, an end-to-end digital solution for CCUS operations. We also signed an agreement with Repsol to collaboratively develop and deploy next-generation AI capabilities through our Leucipa™ automated field production solution.
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
Our two operating segments are organized based on the nature of our markets and customers. We sell to our customers through direct and indirect channels. Our primary sales channel is through our direct sales force, which has a strong regional focus with local teams close to the customer, who are able to draw support from centers of excellence in each of our major product lines. Our products and services are sold in highly competitive markets and the competitive environment varies by product line. See discussion below by segment.
Oilfield Services & Equipment
The OFSE segment designs and manufactures products and provides related services and integrated solutions for onshore and offshore oilfield operations across the life cycle of an asset, ranging from exploration, appraisal, and development to production, rejuvenation, and decommissioning.
Beyond its traditional oilfield concentration, OFSE is also expanding its capabilities and technology portfolio to meet the challenges of the energy transition, including focusing on new energy areas, such as geothermal and CCUS, strengthening its digital architecture, and addressing key energy market themes.
The OFSE segment is organized into four product lines.
•Well Construction focuses on drilling and includes drilling services (directional drilling, logging-while-drilling, surface logging, and remote operations), drill bits (polycrystalline, roller cone, hybrid, and in-bit sensing), and drilling & completion fluids (emulsion-based, water-based, specialty, drill-in, and completion fluids; and waste management).
•Completions, Intervention, and Measurements encompasses completions (wellbore construction, upper and lower completions, unconventional multistage completions, intelligent production systems, workover systems, and fishing and through-tubing services), pressure pumping (cementing, production enhancement, coiled tubing, and tubular running services), and wireline services (openhole logging services, cased-hole logging services, and perforating and drill stem-testing services).
•Production Solutions spans artificial lift systems (electrical submersible pumping systems, surface pumping systems, rigless deployment systems, and sensors and gauges) and oilfield & industrial chemicals (upstream, downstream, and AquanessTM wholesale chemicals).
•Subsea & Surface Pressure Systems includes subsea projects and services (subsea trees, controls, manifolds, wellheads, premium casing connectors, installation and commissioning, repairs and maintenance, well intervention, life-of-field solutions, and plug and abandonment), flexible pipe systems
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(subsea risers, subsea flowlines and jumpers, onshore reinforced thermoplastic pipe, and rehabilitation), and surface pressure control systems (surface trees and wellheads).
These product lines are supported by an OFSE digital group, which combines OFSE's domain expertise with a deep understanding of digital technology to improve operational safety, performance, and sustainability. Reservoir analysis proficiencies are rooted in evaluation technologies, a team of reservoir experts, and software. Together, these capabilities provide customers with a greater understanding of the subsurface, enabling smoother, faster drilling and precise wellbore placement that can lead to improved recovery and project execution driving enhanced economics. OFSE also provides integrated well services and solutions to plan and execute projects ranging from well construction and production through well abandonment, in addition to integrated services and solutions for the subsea environment.
OFSE customers include large integrated major and super-major oil and natural gas companies; U.S. and international independent oil and natural gas companies; national or state-owned oil and natural gas companies; engineering, procurement, and construction contractors; geothermal companies; and other oilfield services companies. OFSE believes that its principal competitive differentiators in the industries and markets it serves are the technology, quality, efficiency, reliability, and availability of its products and services. A continued commitment to service delivery, HSE standards, technical proficiency, and competitive pricing is also a key factor in its success.
OFSE products and services are sold in highly competitive markets. While OFSE may have contracts that include multiple well projects and that may extend over a multi-year period, its services and products are generally provided on a well-by-well basis. Most contracts cover pricing of the products and services, along with various limitations on liability, but do not necessarily establish an obligation to use OFSE products and services. OFSE competitors include SLB, Halliburton, NOV, Weatherford, and TechnipFMC.
Industrial & Energy Technology
The IET segment combines a broad array of domain expertise, technologies, software, and services for energy and industrial customers including on- and offshore, LNG, pipeline and gas storage, refining, petrochemical, distributed gas, nuclear, hydrogen, carbon capture, utilization and storage, clean power, geothermal and renewables. It also provides cutting edge technology for consumers of energy and/or organizations who are reliant on infrastructure integrity across a broad variety of verticals including pulp & paper, food & beverage, industrial heating, automotive and aerospace. IET solutions unlock the ability to transform, transfer, and transport energy efficiently, while capturing and cutting emissions.
The IET segment is organized into five product lines.
• Gas Technology Equipment delivers highly efficient mechanical and electric-drive compression and power generation technology for projects across the natural gas value chain. The product line's portfolio includes:
•Drivers, which include aero-derivative gas turbines, heavy-duty gas turbines, small- to medium-sized industrial gas turbines, steam turbines, hot gas and turboexpanders, and electric motors.
•Driven equipment, which includes synchronous condensers, generators, reciprocating, centrifugal, and integrated compressors, and centrifugal pumps.
•Turnkey solutions, which include power generation and gas compression modules, waste heat/energy/pressure recovery, energy storage, modularized small and large liquefaction plants, CO2 compression, and storage/use solutions.
•Gas Technology Services provides advanced aftermarket support and uptime availability in critical environments and through every stage of our customers' equipment and plant life cycle. The product line portfolio includes:
•Designing, manufacturing, maintaining, and upgrading rotating equipment and combining sophisticated hardware technologies with enterprise-class software products.
•Analytics to connect customers' assets, providing them with the data, safety and security needed to improve operations reliably and efficiently.
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•Genuine spare parts, system upgrades, conversion solutions, digital advanced services, and turnkey solutions to refurbish and improve the output from a single machine up to an entire plant.
•Industrial Products includes a broad portfolio of component products and service offerings that enable industrial safety and productivity across diverse industry verticals. The product line's portfolio includes:
•Waygate Technologies, which comprises non-destructive testing technology, software, and services, including industrial radiography, ultrasonic sensors, testing machines and gauges, non-destructive testing film, and remote visual inspection.
•Process & Pipeline Services, which comprises pre-commissioning and maintenance services to improve throughput and asset integrity for process facilities and pipelines, as well as inline inspection solutions to support pipeline integrity.
•Valves and Gears, which comprises flow technology including industrial valves, regulators, control systems, gears and other flow and process control technologies.
•Industrial Solutions offers a unique suite of hardware, software, and edge device solutions that enable asset health, performance and process optimization. Industrial Solutions combines several product lines to leverage our critical equipment hardware capability to migrate to full-plant offerings and through CordantTM, a full-stack, edge-to-enterprise solution that encompasses our hardware, software and services offerings. The product line's portfolio includes a number of product brands including:
•Cordant Solutions technology includes the Bently Nevada® and System 1® product brands, providing rack-based vibrating monitoring equipment and sensors for both power generation and oil and gas operations, as well as industrial applications. The product line also provides integrated asset performance management.
•Precision Sensors & Instrumentation device technology, including the Panametrics®, Druck®, and Reuter-Stokes® product brands, provides instrumentation and sensor-based technologies to better detect and analyze pressure, flow, gas, moisture, radiation, and related conditions.
•Climate Technology Solutions ("CTS") includes CCUS, hydrogen, clean power, geothermal and emissions abatement capabilities to enable energy operators, as well as users of energy in the broader industry, to achieve their emission reduction goals. This product line is the primary driver of the Company's new energy orders and is designed to accelerate the decarbonization of both energy and broader industrial verticals such as hard-to-abate industries, like steel and cement.
IET customers for the Gas Technology Equipment and Gas Technology Services product lines are industrial, upstream, midstream, and downstream, onshore and offshore, and small-to-large scale. Midstream and downstream customers include LNG plants, pipelines, storage facilities, refineries, and a wide range of industrial and engineering, procurement, and construction companies. Products and services for the remaining IET product lines are primarily sold in a diversified arena to a broad range of customers and across multiple verticals, including aerospace, automotive, nuclear, oil and gas, mining, cement, metals, refinery and petrochemical, food and beverage, pulp & paper, and textile.
IET differentiates itself from competitors with its diverse portfolio, expertise in technology and project management, local presence, and partnerships, to provide fully integrated solutions for a broad array of industry segments.
IET competes across a wide range of industries, including oil and gas, power generation, aerospace, and light and heavy industrials. IET main competitors include Siemens Energy, Solar (a Caterpillar company), Mitsubishi Heavy Industry, Chart, Sulzer, Flowserve, and Emerson.
CONTRACTS
We conduct our business under various types of contracts in the upstream, midstream, and downstream sectors of the oil and gas industry, including fixed-fee or turnkey contracts, transactional agreements for products and services, and long-term aftermarket service agreements. We also conduct business in a number of industrial
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markets and provide critical equipment hardware capability for full plant offerings, asset performance management and process optimization.
We benefit from stable relationships with many of our customers based on long-term project contracts and master service agreements. Several of those contracts require us to commit to a fixed price based on the customer's technical specifications with little or no relief available due to changes in circumstances. In some cases, failure to deliver products or perform services within contractual commitments may lead to liquidated damages claims. We seek to mitigate these exposures through close collaboration with our customers.
We strive to negotiate the terms of our customer contracts consistent with what we consider to be industry best practices. In connection with oil and gas operations, our customers typically indemnify us for certain claims arising from: the injury or death of their employees and often their contractors; the loss of or damage to their facility and equipment, and often that of their contractors; pollution originating from their equipment or facility; and all liabilities related to the well and subsurface operations, including loss or damage to the well or reservoir, loss of well control, fire, explosion, or any uncontrolled flow of oil or gas. Conversely, we typically indemnify our customers for certain claims arising from: the injury or death of our employees and often that of our subcontractors; the loss of or damage to our equipment; and surface pollution originating from our equipment while under our control. Where the above indemnities do not apply or are not consistent with industry best practices (e.g., in connection with industrial and/or digital sectors), we typically provide a capped indemnity for damages caused to the customer by our negligence and include an overall limitation of liability clause. It is also our general practice to include a limitation of liability for consequential loss, including loss of profits and loss of revenue, in all customer contracts.
Our indemnity structure may not protect us in every case. Certain U.S. states have enacted oil and natural gas specific anti-indemnity statutes that can void the allocation of liability agreed to in a contract. Applicable law or the negotiated terms of a customer contract may also limit indemnity obligations in the event of gross negligence or willful misconduct, or in the event of breaches of applicable laws or breach of confidentiality and/or intellectual property rights. We sometimes contract with customers that are not the end user of our products. It is our practice to seek to obtain an indemnity from our customer for any end-user claims, but this is not always possible. Similarly, government agencies and other third parties may make claims in respect of which we are not indemnified and for which responsibility is assessed proportionate to fault. We have an established process to review any risk deviations from our standard contracting practices.
The Company maintains a commercial general liability insurance policy program that covers against certain operating hazards, including product liability claims and personal injury claims, as well as certain limited environmental pollution claims for damage to a third party or its property arising out of contact with pollution for which the Company is liable; however, clean up and well control costs are not covered by such program. All of the insurance policies purchased by the Company are subject to deductible and/or self-insured retention amounts for which we are responsible for payment, specific terms, conditions, limitations, and exclusions. There can be no assurance that the nature and amount of Company insurance will be sufficient to fully indemnify us against liabilities related to our business.
ORDERS AND REMAINING PERFORMANCE OBLIGATIONS
Remaining performance obligations ("RPO"), a defined term under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP"), are unfilled customer orders for products and product services excluding any purchase order that provides the customer with the ability to cancel or terminate without incurring a substantive penalty, even if the likelihood of cancellation is remote based on historical experience. For product services, an amount is included for the expected life of the contract.
We recognized orders of $28.2 billion, $30.5 billion, and $26.8 billion in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. We recognized OFSE orders of $15.2 billion, $16.3 billion, and $14.1 billion, and IET orders of $13.0 billion, $14.2 billion, and $12.7 billion in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, the remaining performance obligations totaled $33.1 billion. As of December 31, 2024, OFSE remaining performance obligations totaled $3.0 billion, and IET remaining performance obligations totaled $30.1 billion.
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RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
We engage in R&D activities across the business directed toward the development of new products, services, technology, and other solutions, as well as bringing about a significant improvement to existing products and services, and the design of specialized products to meet specific customer needs. We also continue to invest and develop a range of technologies that support our customers' efforts to reduce their carbon footprint. For the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred $643 million of R&D expense.
In OFSE, we continue to fund a range of formation evaluation, drilling, completions, and production capabilities and products. In parallel, and in strong collaboration with the IET technology organization, we are investing in strategic themes that fuel our future product and service portfolios. These include themes such as digital, automation, electrification, chemistry and materials, electronics, CCUS, and geothermal.
Specifically for OFSE, in our Well Construction product line, we are improving reliability in high-temperature and high shock and vibration environments (harsh-drilling conditions), through a combination of optimized design, automated operations, and integrated solutions that leverage our drilling tools, drill bits, and drilling fluids technologies. In our Completions, Intervention, and Measurements product line, we are investing in intelligent solutions and advanced measurements while creating a leadership position in the well-intervention domain through the integration of our wireline measurement capabilities with the conveyance and intervention capabilities. In our Production Solutions product line, we are leveraging our artificial lift technologies with our chemical solutions to provide an optimized and automated portfolio of production-enhancing solutions. In our Subsea & Surface Pressure Solutions product line, we continue to develop subsea production systems that improve performance and reduce emissions through lighter design, automated operations, and electrification. Our offshore flexible pipe systems optimized for higher pressure temperature and CO2 content continue to deliver greater sustainability and performance.
In IET, we continue to invest in and develop foundational technologies which will enable our journey for the energy transition. Such technologies include advanced materials, advanced manufacturing technologies, novel process technologies, and digital technologies such as advanced sensing & diagnostics, data sciences, and artificial intelligence. Within Gas Technology Equipment and Gas Technology Services product lines, we are focusing on our latest generation of gas turbines for energy efficiency and reduced carbon footprint such as our LM9000TM and Nova LTTM products, as well as Allam Cycle turboexpander, CCUS, and hydrogen and geothermal technologies. Within Industrial Technology, we are investing in advanced digital solutions designed to improve the efficiency, reliability, and safety of oil and gas, aerospace, energy, and broader industrial production and operations. This includes our Orbit 60 Bently Nevada product for critical asset monitoring in turbine systems, including wind, hydro, and gas turbines. The IET segment is also enhancing its process and safety valve business bringing new digital applications including analytics to our customers. Investments in Industrial Technology also include technologies to measure, monitor, and minimize carbon emissions, new inspection technologies for nondestructive evaluation of materials and structures as well as solutions for industrial asset management.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Our technology, brands and other intellectual property ("IP") rights are important elements of our business. We rely on patent, trademark, copyright, and trade secret laws, as well as non-disclosure and employee invention assignment agreements to protect our IP rights. Many patents and patent applications comprise the Baker Hughes portfolio and are owned by us. Other patents and patent applications applicable to our products and services are licensed to us by GE Aerospace (NYSE: GE) and GE Vernova (NYSE: GEV) and, in some cases, third parties. In particular, we have an IP cross-license agreement with GE Aerospace and GE Vernova that allows all parties to have continued rights to commercially utilize certain IP of the other pursuant to the terms of the agreement. The IP cross-license remains in place following General Electric exiting its ownership position in us. We do not consider any individual patent to be material to our business operations.
We follow a policy of seeking patent and trademark protection in numerous countries and regions throughout the world for products and methods that we believe appear to have commercial significance. We believe that maintenance, protection and enforcement of our patents, trademarks, and related IP rights is central to the conduct of our business, and pursue protection of our IP rights against infringement, misappropriation, or other violation worldwide as may be necessary to protect our business. Additionally, we consider the quality and timely delivery of our products, the service we provide to our customers, and the technical knowledge and skills of our personnel to
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be other important components of the portfolio of capabilities and assets supporting our ability to compete. If we are not able to protect our IP or if those rights are invalidated or circumvented, our business may be adversely affected. We may be subject to litigation and infringement claims, which could cause us to incur significant expenses or prevent us from selling our products or services.
SEASONALITY
Our operations can be affected by seasonal events, which can temporarily affect the delivery and performance of our products and services, and our customers' budgetary cycles. Examples of seasonal events that can impact our business are set forth below:
•In OFSE, adverse weather conditions, such as hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico or extreme heat in the Middle East during the summer months, may impact our operations or our customers' operations, cause supply disruptions and result in a loss of revenue and/or damage to our equipment and facilities, which may or may not be insured. For more information on seasonal and weather conditions, see the "Operational Risks" section of Part 1 of Item 1A herein.
•Severe weather during the winter months normally results in reduced activity levels in the North Sea in OFSE generally in the first quarter and may interrupt or curtail our operations, or our customers' operations, in those areas and result in a loss of revenue.
•Many of our international OFSE customers may increase activity for certain products and services in the fourth quarter as they seek to fully utilize their annual budgets.
•Our broader IET businesses typically experience higher customer activity, as a result of spending patterns in the second half of the year.
RAW MATERIALS
We purchase various raw materials and component parts for use in manufacturing our products and delivering our services. The principal raw materials we use include steel alloys, chromium, nickel, titanium, barite, beryllium, copper, lead, tungsten carbide, synthetic and natural diamonds, gels, sand and other proppants, printed circuit boards and other electronic components, and hydrocarbon-based chemical feed stocks. Raw materials that are essential to our business are normally readily available from multiple sources but may be subject to price volatility. We have seen prices stabilize for ferrous and non-ferrous metals and other raw materials, but availability of nickel based super alloys is constrained. Our procurement teams utilize advanced planning and may enter into strategic agreements with our global suppliers to minimize price impacts and other availability challenges. We anticipate some pricing and fulfillment volatility for certain raw materials, components, and certain logistics lanes to continue through 2025.
In addition to raw materials and component parts, we also use the products and services of metal fabricators, machine shops, foundries, forge shops, assembly operations, contract manufacturers, logistics providers, packagers, indirect material providers, and others in order to produce and deliver products to customers. These materials and services are generally available from multiple sources.
ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE ("ESG")
Sustainability
We believe we have an important role to play in society as an industry leader and partner. We view ESG as a lever to transform the performance of our Company. In 2019, we made a commitment to reduce Scope 1 and 2 carbon dioxide equivalent emissions from our operations by 50% by 2030 and achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. This goal encompasses emissions from our operations ("Scope 1 and 2 carbon dioxide equivalent emissions") in alignment with the Paris Agreement and the specific recommendations of the United Nations ("UN") Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5oC.
We continue to make progress on emissions reductions. We reported in our 2023 Corporate Sustainability Report a 28.3% reduction in our Scope 1 and 2 carbon dioxide equivalent emissions as compared to our 2019 base year. This reduction was primarily due to implementing energy efficiency initiatives, facility consolidation, increasing
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electric power consumption from renewable energy sources, and improvements in our vehicle fleet, among other reasons. We plan to continue to employ a broad range of emissions reduction initiatives across manufacturing, supply chain, logistics, energy sourcing, and generation. Our latest Corporate Sustainability Report is available on the Company section of our website at www.bakerhughes.com. Information contained on or connected to our website is not incorporated by reference into this annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 ("Annual Report") and should not be considered part of this Annual Report or any other filing we make with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").
Our sustainability commitments include our formal participation in the UN Global Compact ("UNGC") and our commitment to the UNGC's Ten Principles including human rights, labor, environment, and anti-corruption, as well as the UNGC's Sustainable Development Goals. We have annually renewed our commitment to the UNGC since joining in 2019.
Social & Human Capital
At Baker Hughes, our people are central contributors to our purpose of taking energy forward. As an energy technology company with operations around the world, we believe that a diverse workforce is critical to our success, and we aim to attract the best talent to support the energy transition. We strive to be an inclusive and safe workplace, with opportunities for our employees to grow and develop in their careers, supported by learning and development opportunities, competitive compensation, benefits, health and wellness programs, and by programs that build connections between our employees and their communities.
As of December 31, 2024, we had approximately 57,000 employees. More than 45,000 of our employees work outside the U.S. in over 85 different countries with more than 150 nationalities represented. This diversity of global perspectives makes our Company stronger, more resilient, and more responsive to our global customers.
Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging
At our core, we believe that unique ideas and diverse perspectives are the driving forces behind innovation. Our differences make us stronger. We value diversity in all its forms-gender, race, ethnicity, age, gender identity, sexual orientation, ability, cultural background, religion, veteran status, experience, thought, and more-across the globe. We recognize that diverse teams, an equitable workplace, and an inclusive culture are essential for driving innovation and maintaining our competitive edge. These elements are critical to our business success and our mission of advancing energy solutions for our customers and the industry. Our Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging strategic framework empowers us to recruit and retain the best talent, foster an inclusive culture, and strengthen our partnerships with customers and communities. As we continue to prioritize attracting, retaining and developing the best talent, we are dedicated to making meaningful progress across our organization, with a particular focus on inclusivity and belonging. Together, we are building a stronger, more innovative future.
In 2024, the percentage of people who identify as women in our workforce, senior leadership positions, and on the Board of Directors ("the Board"), was 20%, 19%, and 33%, respectively. Specific to the U.S., 39% of our employees identify as people of color.
We work to ensure we have access to and support strengthening our talent pipeline across the globe while prioritizing development and retention. We hold leadership accountable for integrating our Baker Hughes culture and behaviors into their respective parts of the business. Our enterprise-wide talent strategy allows us to measure the outcomes and progress of our efforts, assign goals, develop accountability, and ensure transparency. Our corporate memberships with respected nonprofits, such as Ally Energy, Catalyst, Disability:IN, and the Women's Energy Network, provide partnership and guidance to support our goals. Our talent acquisition efforts as well as our eight global employee resource groups support the engagement, development and retention of talent across the organization.
Talent Acquisition: We have a number of initiatives to support our global goals of attracting, and retaining, the best talent to Baker Hughes. We are also enabling and expecting fair and respectful treatment for all to ensure we are living out our Baker Hughes values and behaviors.
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At the beginning of 2024, Baker Hughes launched a rebranded Employee Value Proposition that captures the essence of our company - how it is unique and what it aspires to accomplish, balancing our current strength and the goals to be an employer of choice. Learn more at https://careers.bakerhughes.com/global/en.
Employee Resource Groups ("ERGs"): ERGs consist of employees who have joined together based on shared interests, characteristics, or life experiences. These groups can have a powerful influence on driving change by elevating the conversation and awareness around key issues and engaging with the communities where we operate while also providing opportunities for employee development, education, and professional growth. In 2024, we continued our support of the ERGs in several ways, including the opportunity for ERGs to nominate charitable organizations to receive grants from the Baker Hughes Foundation. We are continuing our culture journey by strengthening our six communities of interest groups, which bring together employees based on shared interests and enable employees to share information and ideas, find opportunities to participate in philanthropy and volunteerism, and learn best practices by engaging with colleagues on a specific topic or area of interest. These efforts have helped strengthen our Baker Hughes culture and have fostered closer connections between employees in communities around the world.
Inclusive Culture: We have several programs and initiatives that cultivate an inclusive culture. The Baker Hughes Culture & Inclusion Council, comprised of executives across the organization, supports the success of our inclusivity and workplace culture ambitions and meets regularly to review progress and discuss ways in which we can continue to advance our efforts.
Compensation and Benefits
We are committed to paying for performance and supporting our employees' wellbeing, as well as the wellbeing of their families, by offering flexible and competitive benefits tailored by location to meet the specific needs of our employees. We regularly assess our total compensation and benefits programs through benchmarking with industry peers and local markets. We strive to ensure that our compensation programs are fair and equitable for all employees. Healthcare plans and life insurance are a core benefit of the Company and are provided in most locations. Baker Hughes offers various leaves of absence options for certain quality-of-life needs, including family care. We also continue to assess and provide programs that support our employees' work arrangements such as flexible schedules, compressed work weeks, hybrid work, remote work, and other options.
Learning and Development
Learning and Development is a personal journey at Baker Hughes. We empower our employees to follow their passion for personal knowledge, job related skills, development, and the domain expertise needed for professional and personal growth. In alignment with this, we continued to build upon the progress in our social learning communities, by completing our transition to an improved learning delivery platform. This change in the learning ecosystem simplified the user experience for our learners and enabled rich analytics for the team to continuously make the learning experience more engaging, impactful, and easy.
Our learning communities CORE Values, CORE Strengths and JOURNEY continue to provide opportunities for all employees to learn, share and practice their learning with their peers no matter where they are in their career. CORE Values is a curated learning space centered around our Baker Hughes Values: Grow, Care, Collaborate, and Lead, and the behaviors associated with each. CORE Strengths adds focus to the critical skills (for example Data Analytics, Project Management, Change Management) that will help transform our organization, and JOURNEY is targeted for people leaders to help them transition into their leadership roles. We continue to offer in-person learning opportunities to complement the robust virtual learning catalog with workshops and team development.
Our formal leadership development programs play a pivotal role in attracting, retaining, and developing talent and increasing the pipeline of talent into and within the organization. As an example, Aspire is a two-year rotational leadership program for recent graduates and early-career employees to grow functional and leadership skills through challenging assignments, learning plans, and global cross-functional projects.
Health, Safety, Environment, and Wellness
HSE is at the core of our culture as we are committed to doing the right thing to protect our employees, customers, the communities where we live and work, and the environment. We take a risk-based approach with
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proactive and preventive programs to deliver safe, secure, and sustainable operations. We have established a stringent set of standards which meet or exceed global HSE regulatory requirements.
Our commitment to HSE starts at the highest levels of our Company and is embedded throughout all layers of the organization. We encourage and empower all employees to take an active role in "owning" HSE by stopping work when conditions and/or behaviors are unsafe and reporting observations, near misses, and stop-work events through open reporting channels. Our ambition is to ensure each day we operate without serious injuries, accidents, or harm to the environment. Employees are required to complete recurring HSE training to bring awareness to potential hazards, regulatory obligations and performing activities safely. We offer over 225 HSE courses including foundational training required for all employees, workplace and job-specific training, and human-performance leadership training for managers.
Our commitment to HSE goes beyond safety alone. Occupational health and wellness is a key competency jointly managed within our HSE and Human Resources ("HR") teams. The importance of physical health, ergonomics, preventative health care, and mental wellness cannot be overstated in promoting a healthy, engaged, and productive workplace. We work with our health benefit providers and internal teams to offer employees health and wellness programs, telemedicine access, health screenings, immunizations, fitness reimbursements, and virtual wellness tools.
In 2024, the mental health and emotional well-being of our employees was a critical priority. We provided resources and tools to our employees and will continue to annually host numerous events with Baker Hughes leaders and external experts. Our Employee Assistance Program provided employees and their family members direct access to professional coaches for in-the-moment counseling or referrals to community experts and extended care providers to navigate daily life and cope with major life events.
Community Involvement
Baker Hughes seeks to make a positive impact in the communities where we conduct business around the world. Consistent with our purpose and values, we work to advance environmental quality, educational opportunities, health, and wellness. We benefit our communities through financial contributions, in-kind donations of goods and services, and volunteer projects. The Baker Hughes Foundation makes strategic philanthropic contributions, matches Baker Hughes employee charitable contributions, and awards volunteer recognition grants for outstanding employee community service.
Governance
The Board believes the purpose of corporate governance is to maximize shareholder value in a manner consistent with legal requirements and the highest standards of integrity. The Board has adopted and adheres to corporate governance practices, which the Board and management believe promote this purpose, are sound, and represent best practices. The Board periodically reviews these governance practices, Delaware law (the state in which the Company is incorporated), the rules and listing standards of Nasdaq and SEC regulations, as well as best practices suggested by recognized governance authorities.
The Board monitors and provides oversight over our ESG policies, programs, and practices regarding corporate responsibility and sustainability and plays an active role in overseeing our human capital management efforts. Our Human Capital and Compensation Committee provides oversight of our social strategy, policies, programs, and initiatives focusing on Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging as well as pay equity, culture, talent development, succession planning, and executive compensation and benefits. Our Governance and Corporate Responsibility Committee provides oversight of the Company's environmental matters, including monitoring its sustainability strategy and initiatives, the management of employee health, safety, and wellness matters, and oversight of our positions on corporate social responsibilities and public issues of significance, including those related to privacy, digital safety and responsible AI, which affect investors and other key stakeholders. The Audit Committee provides oversight over the Company's risk assessment and risk management policies and processes, including data privacy, AI, and compliance reporting. Our Finance Committee provides oversight of our financial and investment policies and of the Company's principal finance, banking, and treasury matters, including the Company's capital structure (both equity and debt) and the principal terms of related financing transactions and requirements.
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GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION
Environmental Matters
We are committed to the health and safety of people, protection of the environment and compliance with environmental laws, regulations and our policies. Our past and present operations include activities that are subject to extensive domestic (including U.S. federal, state and local) and international regulations concerning, among other things, air and water quality, waste management, occupational health and safety, and wildlife and land protection. Environmental regulations continue to evolve, and changes in standards of enforcement of existing regulations, as well as the enactment of new legislation or the issuance of judicial or agency opinions or orders, may require us and our customers to modify, supplement or replace equipment or facilities, obtain new or updated permits to conduct regulated activities, initiate investigatory and/or remedial measures, apply specific HSE criteria addressing employee protection and/or to change or discontinue present methods of operation. Our environmental compliance expenditures and our capital costs for environmental control equipment may change accordingly.
Ongoing environmental compliance costs, such as obtaining environmental permits, installation and maintenance of pollution control equipment and waste disposal, are expensed as incurred. Based upon current information, we believe that our overall environmental regulatory compliance obligations, including investigatory and/or remediation obligations, environmental compliance costs and capital expenditures for environmental control equipment, will not have a material adverse effect on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position because we have either established adequate reserves or our compliance cost, based on available information, is not expected to be material to our consolidated financial statements.
While we seek to embed and verify sound environmental practices throughout our business, we are, and may in the future be, involved in investigation and/or remediation projects at current and former properties, typically related to historical operations and operations of our predecessor companies. In some cases, our remediation activities are conducted as specified by a government agency-issued consent decree or agreed order. Remediation costs at these properties are accrued using currently available facts, existing environmental permits, technology and presently enacted laws and regulations. For sites where we have primary responsibility for the remediation, our cost estimates are developed based on internal evaluations and are not discounted. We record accruals when it is probable that we will be obligated to pay amounts for environmental site evaluation, investigation and/or remediation or related activities, and such amounts can be reasonably estimated. Accruals are recorded even if significant uncertainties exist over the ultimate cost of the remediation. Our total accrual for environmental remediation was $54 million and $58 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Other Regulatory Matters
We are subject to regulation by various U.S. federal regulatory agencies and by the applicable regulatory authorities in countries in which our products are manufactured or sold. Such regulations principally relate to the ingredients, classification, labeling, safety, manufacturing, packaging, transportation, advertising, and marketing of our products. Additionally, as a U.S. entity operating through subsidiaries in non-U.S. jurisdictions, we are subject to foreign exchange control, transfer pricing and customs laws that regulate the import and export of goods as well as the flow of funds between us and our subsidiaries. In particular, the shipment of goods, services and technology across international borders subjects us to extensive trade laws and regulations. Our import activities are governed by the unique customs laws and regulations in each of the countries where we operate. Pursuant to their laws and regulations, governments may impose economic sanctions against certain countries, persons and entities that may restrict or prohibit transactions involving such countries, persons and entities, which may limit or prevent our conduct of business in certain jurisdictions. We are also required to comply with transfer pricing, securities laws, and other statutes and regulations, such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other countries’ anti-corruption and anti-bribery regimes.
As a result of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine that began in February of 2022, governments in the U.S., United Kingdom ("U.K."), European Union ("EU"), and other countries enacted sanctions against Russia and certain Russian interests. As previously announced on March 19, 2022, we suspended any new investments in our Russia operations, but continued to comply with applicable laws and regulations as we fulfilled existing contractual obligations. As a result, we completed a number of actions during the course of 2022 and 2023 including the sale of part of our OFSE Russia business and suspended substantially all of our remaining operational activities in Russia. In 2024, our focus in Russia has been to continue to close local entities within the scope of western sanctions and
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local regulation. We are continuing to closely monitor the developments in Ukraine and Russia and changes to sanctions all of which continued to make ongoing operations increasingly complex and significantly more challenging. For further information see "Note 20. Restructuring, Impairment and Other" and "Note 21. Business Dispositions and Acquisitions" of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 herein.
We are also subject to laws relating to data privacy and security and consumer credit, protection and fraud. An increasing number of governments worldwide have established laws and regulations, and industry groups also have promoted various standards, regarding data privacy and security, including with respect to the protection and processing of personal data. The legal and regulatory environment related to data privacy and security is increasingly rigorous, with new and constantly changing requirements applicable to our business, and enforcement practices are likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future. We are also subject to labor and employment laws, including regulations established by the U.S. Department of Labor and other local regulatory agencies, which sets laws governing working conditions, paid leave, workplace safety, wage and hour standards, and hiring and employment practices.
While there are no current environmental or regulatory matters that we expect to have a material adverse impact on the results of our operations, financial position or cash flows or our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position, there can be no assurances that existing or future environmental laws and other laws, regulations and standards, judicial or administrative opinions or orders applicable to our operations or products will not lead to such a material adverse impact.
AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION FOR STOCKHOLDERS
Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended ("Exchange Act"), are made available free of charge on our internet website at www.bakerhughes.com as soon as reasonably practicable after these reports have been electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC, and can be found at their internet website www.sec.gov. In addition, our Corporate Sustainability reports are available on the Company section of our website at www.bakerhughes.com. Information contained on or connected to our website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K and should not be considered part of this Annual Report or any other filing we make with the SEC.
We have a Code of Conduct to provide guidance to our directors, officers, and employees on matters of business conduct and ethics, including compliance standards and procedures. We also require our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, and principal accounting officer to sign a Code of Ethical Conduct Certification annually.
The Code of Conduct, referred to as Our Way: The Baker Hughes Code of Conduct, and the Code of Ethical Conduct Certifications are available on the Investor section of our website at www.bakerhughes.com. We will disclose on a current report on Form 8-K or on our website information about any amendment or waiver of these codes for our executive officers and directors. Waiver information disclosed on our website will remain on the website for at least 12 months after the initial disclosure of a waiver. Our Governance Principles and the charters of our Audit Committee, Finance Committee, Human Capital and Compensation Committee, and Governance and Corporate Responsibility Committee of the Board are also available on the Investor section of our website at www.bakerhughes.com. In addition, a copy of the Code of Conduct, Code of Ethical Conduct Certifications, Governance Principles, and the charters of the committees referenced above are available in print at no cost to any shareholder who requests them.
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EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF BAKER HUGHES COMPANY
The following table shows, as of February 4, 2025, the name of each of our executive officers, together with his or her age and office presently or previously held. There are no family relationships among our executive officers.
Name Age Position and Background
Lorenzo Simonelli 51 Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer Lorenzo Simonelli has been the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company since October 2017, and a Director, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company since July 2017. Prior to joining the Company in July 2017, Mr. Simonelli was Senior Vice President, GE and President and Chief Executive Officer, GE Oil & Gas from October 2013 to July 2017. Before joining GE Oil & Gas, he was the President and Chief Executive Officer of GE Transportation from July 2008 to October 2013. Mr. Simonelli joined GE in 1994 and held various finance and leadership roles from 1994 to 2008. He also currently serves on the Board of Iveco Group N.V. He is a Business & Economics Graduate from Cardiff University in South Wales.
Nancy Buese 55 Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Nancy Buese is the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company. Prior to joining the Company in November 2022, she served as Executive Vice President ("EVP") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO") of Newmont Corporation, a gold mining company from October 2016 to October 2022. Prior to her role at Newmont, Ms. Buese spent more than a decade as EVP & CFO of MarkWest Energy Partners, a leader in gathering, processing, and transportation of hydrocarbons, as well as EVP & CFO of MPLX (a subsidiary of Marathon Petroleum) following MPLX's acquisition of MarkWest. She began her career in public accounting, starting with Arthur Andersen and rising to be a partner at Ernst & Young until 2003. She also serves on the Board of Chubb Limited since 2023. She holds a bachelor of science degree in accounting and business administration from the University of Kansas and is a Certified Public Accountant.
James E. Apostolides
47 Senior Vice President, Enterprise Operational Excellence
James E. Apostolides is the Senior Vice President of Enterprise Operational Excellence of the Company and is responsible for leading the Company's global supply chain, HSE, and ESG functions. Mr. Apostolides previously served as Senior Vice President of Enterprise Excellence from February 2020 to September 2022. In July 2017, he was appointed VP of Materials Management, Logistics, and Cash Operations. He began his career in 1999 with GE and held roles of increasing responsibility, including managerial positions in Shop Operations, Materials, Sourcing, and Fulfillment across multiple continents. He holds a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from Worcester Polytechnic Institute in the U.S.
Maria Claudia Borras
56 Chief Growth & Experience Officer
Maria Claudia Borras is the Chief Growth & Experience Officer of the Company. Ms. Borras previously served as Executive Vice President, Oilfield Services and Equipment from September 2022 to September 2024 and Executive Vice President, of Oilfield Services from July 2017 to September 2022. Prior to joining the Company, she served as the Chief Commercial Officer of GE Oil & Gas from January 2015 to July 2017. Prior to joining GE Oil & Gas, she held various leadership positions at Baker Hughes Incorporated including President, Latin America from October 2013 to December 2014, President, Europe Region from August 2011 to October 2013, Vice President, Global Marketing from May 2009 to July 2011. She has served on the Board of Tyson Foods Inc. since 2021. She holds a bachelor of science degree in petroleum engineering from Universidad de América, Bogotá-Colombia.
Amerino Gatti
54 Executive Vice President, Oilfield Services and Equipment
Amerino Gatti is the Executive Vice President, Oilfield Services and Equipment of the Company. Prior to joining the Company in September 2024, Mr. Gatti served as Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of TEAM, Inc., a provider of integrated specialty industrial services with operations in over 20 countries, from January 2018 to January 2022. Prior to joining TEAM, Inc. he spent 25 years with oilfield services firm Schlumberger and held various leadership positions, including Executive Officer and President of the Production Group for North America, Vice President and General Manager for Qatar and Yemen, Global Vice President for Sand Management Services and Vice President Marketing for North America. His earlier experience includes field operations, engineering and human resources across North America, South Asia and the Middle East. He earned a degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Alberta, Canada.
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Name Age Position and Background
Ganesh Ramaswamy
56 Executive Vice President, Industrial & Energy Technology
Ganesh Ramaswamy is the Executive Vice President, Industrial & Energy Technology. Prior to joining the Company in January 2023, Mr. Ramaswamy served as President of Global Services for Johnson Controls, a worldwide provider of technologies and solutions for buildings, from December 2019 to December 2022. Prior to joining Johnson Controls, he served at Danaher Corporation, a diversified manufacturer of life sciences, diagnostics, and industrial products and services, from April 2015 to December 2019 in various executive roles including Group Executive for Marking & Coding; President of Videojet Technologies; and Senior Vice President of High Growth Markets at Beckman Coulter Diagnostics. Prior to his career with Danaher, he held executive roles at Hoya Corporation, a global provider of endoscopic imaging products and solutions, including as President of Pentax Medical, from June 2011 to April 2015. He began his career in product development and general management at GE Global Research and GE Healthcare. He also currently serves on the Board of PACCAR, Inc. He holds a doctorate in mechanical engineering from the University of Pennsylvania, a master's degree in business from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, a master's degree in mechanical engineering from Auburn University, and a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Kerala.
Georgia Magno
46 Chief Legal Officer
Georgia Magno is the Chief Legal Officer of the Company. Ms. Magno previously served as Vice President and General Counsel for the IET segment. She joined the Company in 2010, first as General Counsel for the global supply chain and holding subsequent legal roles of increasing complexity and responsibility across commercial, operational, and product line organizations in multiple countries including Italy and the U.S. Prior to joining the Company, she was an international litigator with the law firms of Cleary Gottlieb and Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP. She holds a J.D. from Università di Bologna and an L.L.M. from Harvard Law School and is admitted to practice law in both Italy and the U.S.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
An investment in our common stock involves various risks. When considering an investment in the Company, one should carefully consider all of the risk factors described below, as well as other information included and incorporated by reference in this Annual Report. There may be additional risks, uncertainties and matters not listed below, that we are unaware of, or that we currently consider immaterial. Any of these may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and, thus, the value of an investment in the Company.
OPERATIONAL RISKS
We operate in a highly competitive environment, which may adversely affect our ability to succeed. Our investments in new technologies, equipment, and facilities may not provide competitive returns.
We operate in a highly competitive environment for marketing our products and services and securing equipment across our portfolio. Our ability to continually provide competitive products and services can impact our ability to defend, maintain or increase prices for our products and services, maintain market share, and negotiate acceptable contract terms with our customers. In order to be competitive, we must provide new and differentiating technologies, reliable products and services that perform as expected and that create value for our customers.
We continue to invest in new technologies, equipment, and facilities and to expand our capabilities and technology portfolio to meet the challenges of a net-zero future. These efforts include expanding into new energy areas such as geothermal and carbon capture, utilization and storage, strengthening our digital architecture and addressing key energy market themes. Our ability to defend, maintain or increase prices for our products and services is in part dependent on the industry's capacity relative to customer demand, on our ability to differentiate the value delivered by our products and services from our competitors' products and services and to provide innovative and competitive products and services to meet our client's evolving needs with respect to new energy areas. Managing development of competitive technology and new product introductions on a forecasted schedule and at a forecasted cost can impact our financial results. If we are unable to continue to develop and produce competitive and innovative technology or deliver it to our clients in a timely and cost-competitive manner in
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response to changes in the market, customer requirements, competitive pressures, or as a result of the energy transition to lower carbon emitting technology, or if competing technology accelerates the obsolescence of any of our products or services, any competitive advantage that we may hold, and in turn, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.
We have, and may in the future enter into, agreements with third parties to jointly develop certain technologies which may include financial or other commitments. Under the terms of these agreements, we may agree to share in the associated development and marketing costs for the developed technologies. There can be no assurances that we will be able to successfully develop these technologies in collaboration with these third parties that will adequately meet our customers' needs. Also, there can be no assurances that these joint development agreements will be commercially viable, successful or profitable. As a result, these joint development agreements could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
The potential transition risks posed by moving to a lower carbon economy could have an adverse effect on the demand for our technologies and services.
There is increased focus by governments and our customers, investors and other stakeholders on climate change, sustainability, and energy transition matters. Transitioning to a lower-carbon economy will likely require extensive policy, legal, technology, and market changes.
These changes may result in the enactment of climate change-related regulations, judicial or administrative opinions, orders, policies and initiatives (at the government, regulator, corporate and/or investor community levels); technological advances with respect to the generation, transmission, storage and consumption of energy; increased availability of, and increased demand from consumers and industry for, energy sources other than oil and natural gas and development of, and increased demand from consumers and industry for, lower-emission products and services as well as more efficient products and services.
Our future success may depend on our ability to effectively execute on our energy transition strategy and the pace at which the energy transition unfolds. Our strategy depends on our ability to develop additional innovative technologies and work with our customers and partners to advance new energy solutions such as geothermal, CCUS, hydrogen energy, and other integrated solutions. If the energy transition occurs faster than anticipated or faster than we can transition, or if we are unable to execute our energy transition strategy as planned, demand for our technologies and services or access to capital could be adversely affected. If the energy transition occurs slower than anticipated, we could be developing technologies and services that are not responsive to the commercial needs of our customers.
In addition, negative attitudes toward or perceptions of our industry or fossil fuel products and their relationship to the environment have led governments, non-governmental organizations, and companies to implement initiatives to conserve energy and promote the use of alternative energy sources, which may reduce the demand for and production of oil and gas in areas of the world where our customers operate, and thus reduce future demand for our products and services. In addition, initiatives by investors and financial institutions to limit funding to companies in fossil fuel-related industries may adversely affect our liquidity or access to capital.
Disruptions in our supply chain, the high cost or unavailability of raw materials, equipment, and supplies essential to our business could adversely affect our ability to execute our operations on a timely basis.
Our manufacturing operations are dependent on having sufficient raw materials, component parts and manufacturing capacity, including labor, available to meet our manufacturing plans on a timely basis, at a reasonable cost while minimizing inventories. Additional disruptions within our supply chain resulting from factors including, but not limited to, pandemic, inflation, rising interest rates, and shortages in labor supply, have had and may continue to have an impact on our business and reputation. Many of the raw materials essential to our business require the use of rail, storage, and trucking services to transport the materials to our job sites. These services, particularly during times of high demand, may cause delays in the arrival of or otherwise constrain our supply of raw materials. These constraints could have a material adverse effect on our business and consolidated results of operations. In addition, price increases imposed by our vendors for raw materials and transportation providers used in our business, and the inability to pass these increases through to our customers, could have a material adverse effect on our business and consolidated results of operations. As a result of these or any other factors, our ability to execute our operations on a timely basis, including our ability to meet our manufacturing plans
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and revenue goals, control costs, and avoid shortages or over-supply of raw materials and component parts, could be adversely affected.
The partial or complete loss of GE Vernova or GE Aerospace as suppliers, as well as contracts with our aeroderivative joint venture (the "Aero JV") with GE Vernova may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We currently have extensive commercial relationships with GE Vernova and GE Aerospace. Although we have long-term contractual frameworks in place with both GE Vernova and GE Aerospace, if either GE Vernova or GE Aerospace were to discontinue or reduce their business with the Company, fail to perform their obligations under existing contracts (such as our long-term supply agreement for heavy-duty gas turbines, the Second Amended and Restated Supply and Technology Development Agreement or the related intellectual property agreements with GE Aerospace) or experience disruptions, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows may be adversely affected.
In addition to our contracts and arrangements with GE Aerospace and GE Vernova as direct suppliers, we also have exposure to GE Aerospace and GE Vernova through the Aero JV. The Aero JV is jointly controlled by GE Vernova and us, and as a result, realizing the benefits of this joint venture depends on the continued cooperation between the parties. In addition, the business and financial performance of the Aero JV may be adversely affected if GE Aerospace fails to perform its obligations under its contracts with the Aero JV. We in turn use certain products and services purchased through the Aero JV for the manufacture and maintenance of various end products, and therefore, failure of the Aero JV to perform for any reason could prevent us from fulfilling our contractual obligations, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
If we are unable to attract and retain key personnel, we may not be able to execute our business strategy effectively and our operations could be adversely affected.
Our operations and future success depend on our ability to recruit, train, and retain key personnel. People are a key resource to developing, manufacturing, and delivering our products and providing technical services and solutions to our customers around the world. A competent, well-trained, highly skilled, motivated, and diverse workforce has a positive impact on our ability to attract and retain business. Difficulties in hiring or retaining key employees, or the unexpected loss of experienced employees resulting in the depletion of our institutional knowledge base, could have an adverse impact on our business performance, reputation, financial condition, or results of operations. Additionally, successfully executing organizational change as we restructure the Company, management transitions at leadership levels of the Company, and motivation and retention of key employees is critical to our business success. Factors that may affect our ability to attract and retain sufficient numbers of qualified employees include: employee morale, our brand reputation as an employer of choice, competition from other employers, our location strategy for key roles, investments in technology and systems, and availability of qualified individuals with the desired skills and experiences needed to grow our business. Other factors that have, and could continue to impact our workforce, are: changes to our office environments and the impact this could have on our Company culture, the adoption of new work models, and our requirements and/or expectations about when or how often certain employees work on-site or remotely, which may not meet the expectations of our employees.
The implementation of our plan to restructure our corporate organization and operating segments may not achieve the results we anticipate, which could adversely affect our business.
From time to time the Company will embark upon restructuring activities, whether in response to business operating cycles or for more significant programs of strategic significance (for example the corporate realignment in 2022 which resulted in a focus on our two operating segments). Restructuring activities may be more costly than anticipated, and could lead to the diversion of management's attention from other business priorities. As a result of these or any other factors, we may not realize the anticipated benefits associated with the restructuring plan. There can be no assurance that the restructuring plan will materially increase our profitability. Even if the restructuring plan generates the benefits that we have anticipated, there may be other unforeseeable and unintended factors or consequences that occur as a result of the restructuring, which could adversely affect our business.
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Our business could be impacted by both geopolitical and terrorism threats, including armed conflict, in countries where we or our customers do business and our business operations may be impacted by civil unrest and/or government expropriations.
Geopolitical and terrorism threats continue to grow in a number of key countries where we currently or may in the future do business. Geopolitical and terrorism threats, including armed conflict among countries, has had and could in the future lead to, among other things, a loss of our investment in the country, adverse impact to our employees, and impairment of our or our customers' ability to conduct operations.
Further, the broader consequences of geopolitical and terrorism threats, which may include further sanctions that prohibit our ability to do business in specific countries, embargoes, supply chain disruptions, the potential inability to service our remaining performance obligations and potential contractual breaches and litigation, regional instability and geopolitical shifts, and the extent of any such threats effect on our business and results of operations as well as the global economy, cannot be predicted.
Certain geopolitical conflicts, such as between Russia and Ukraine and between Israel and Hamas, have had and may continue to have the effect of heightening many other risks disclosed in our public filings, any of which could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations. Such risks include, but are not limited to, adverse effects on regional and global macroeconomic conditions; increased volatility in the price and demand of oil and natural gas, increased exposure to cyber-attacks; limitations in our ability to implement and execute our business strategy; risks to employees and contractors that we have in the region; disruptions in global supply chains; exposure to foreign currency fluctuations; potential nationalizations and assets seizures; constraints or disruption in the capital markets and our sources of liquidity; our potential inability to service our remaining performance obligations and potential contractual breaches and litigation. Any such risks may require us to record asset impairments and experience adverse operating impacts which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Control of oil and natural gas reserves by national oil companies may impact the demand for our services and products and create additional risks in our operations.
Much of the world's oil and natural gas reserves are controlled by national oil companies. National oil companies may require their contractors to meet local content requirements or other local standards, such as conducting our operations through joint ventures with local partners that could be difficult or undesirable for us to meet. The failure to meet the local content requirements and other local standards may adversely impact our operations in those countries. In addition, our ability to work with national oil companies is subject to our ability to negotiate and agree upon acceptable contract terms.
Our operations involve a variety of operating hazards and risks that could cause losses.
The products that we manufacture and the services that we provide are complex, and the failure of our equipment to operate properly or to meet specifications may greatly increase our customers' costs. In addition, many of these products are used in inherently hazardous industries, such as the offshore oilfield business. These hazards include blowouts, explosions, unplanned or uncontrolled releases, nuclear-related events, fires, collisions, capsizings, and severe weather conditions. We may incur substantial liabilities or losses as a result of these hazards. Our insurance and contractual indemnity protection may not be sufficient or effective to protect us under all circumstances or against all risks. The occurrence of a significant event, against which we were not fully insured or indemnified or the failure of a customer to meet its indemnification obligations to us, could materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
Seasonal and weather conditions, including severe weather associated with climate change, could adversely affect demand for our services and operations.
Variation from normal weather patterns, such as cooler or warmer summers and winters, can have a significant impact on demand for our services and operations. Adverse weather conditions, such as hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico or extreme winter conditions in Canada or the North Sea, may interrupt or curtail our operations, or our customers' operations, cause supply disruptions and result in a loss of revenue and damage to our equipment and facilities, which may or may not be insured. Further, the physical risks of climate change can include extreme variability in weather patterns such as increased frequency and severity of significant weather events (e.g. flooding,
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hurricanes and tropical storms), natural hazards (e.g., increased wildfire risk), rising mean temperature and sea levels, and long-term changes in precipitation patterns (e.g. drought, desertification, or poor water quality). Such effects have the potential to affect business continuity and operating results, particularly at facilities in coastal areas or areas prone to chronic water scarcity, and could disrupt our operations or those of our customers or suppliers, including through direct damage to physical assets and indirect impacts from supply chain disruption and market volatility. Repercussions of severe or unseasonable weather conditions, including as a result of climate change, may include evacuation of personnel and curtailment of services, weather-related damage to offshore drilling rigs resulting in suspension of operations, weather-related damage to our facilities and project work sites, inability to deliver materials to job sites in accordance with contract schedules, decreases in demand for oil and natural gas during unseasonably warm winters, and loss of productivity. As a result of the above repercussions or any others, demand for our services and operations may be adversely affected.
While we evaluate and incorporate potential ranges of physical risks, it is difficult to predict with certainty the timing, frequency or severity of such events, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow.
Our business has previously and may in the future again be adversely affected by a public health emergency or outbreak of a contagious disease or virus.
In the past, the markets have experienced volatility in oil demand due to the economic impacts of public health emergencies. If demand for our products and services decline as a result of a public health emergency, the utilization of our assets and the prices we are able to charge our customers for our products and services could decline. The spread of a pandemic could result in instability in the markets and decreases in commodity prices resulting in adverse impacts on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
In addition, the outbreak and spread of contagious diseases and measures to contain the disease may adversely impact our workforce and operations, operations of our customers, and those of our vendors and suppliers. The extent to which these public health emergencies adversely impact our business would depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and unpredictable, depending on the severity and duration of the emergency and effectiveness of actions taken globally to contain or mitigate its effects. There is considerable uncertainty regarding such containment or mitigation measures and potential future measures which may result in labor disruptions, employee attrition, and could negatively impact our ability to attract and retain qualified employees, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
CREDIT AND CUSTOMER CONTRACTING RISKS
Providing services on an integrated, turnkey, or fixed price basis could require us to assume additional risks.
We may choose to enter into integrated or turnkey contracts with our customers that require us to provide services and equipment outside of our core business. Providing services on an integrated or turnkey basis may also subject us to additional risks, such as costs associated with unexpected delays or difficulties in drilling operations, project management interface risk, and risks associated with subcontracting and consortium arrangements. These integrated or turnkey contracts may be fixed price contracts that do not allow us to recover for cost over-runs unless they are directly caused by the customer.
We may not be able to satisfy technical requirements, testing requirements or other specifications required under our service contracts and equipment purchase agreements.
Our products are used in deepwater, and other harsh environments, and severe service applications. Our contracts with customers and customer requests for bids typically set forth detailed specifications or technical requirements for our products and services, which may also include extensive testing requirements. In addition, scrutiny of the offshore drilling industry and LNG industry has resulted in more stringent technical specifications for our products and more comprehensive testing requirements for our products to ensure compliance with such specifications. We cannot provide assurance that our products, including products supplied through joint ventures, will be able to satisfy the specifications necessary in all scenarios or under all operating conditions, nor that we will be able to perform the full-scale testing required to prove that the product specifications are satisfied in future
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contract bids or under existing contracts, or that the costs of modifications to our products to satisfy the specifications and testing will not adversely affect our results of operations.
We sometimes enter into consortium or similar arrangements for certain projects, which could impose additional costs and obligations on us.
We sometimes enter into consortium or similar arrangements for certain projects. Under such arrangements, each party is responsible for performing a certain scope of work within the total scope of the contracted work, and the obligations expire when all contractual obligations are completed. The failure or inability, financially or otherwise, of any of the parties to perform their obligations could impose additional costs and obligations on us. These factors could result in unanticipated costs to complete the project, liquidated damages or contract disputes.
Our contracts may be terminated early in certain circumstances.
Our contracts with customers generally may be terminated by the customer for convenience, default, or extended force majeure (which could include inability to perform due to a pandemic or as a result of civil unrest or armed conflicts). Termination for convenience may require the payment of an early termination fee by the customer, but the early termination fee may not fully compensate us for the loss of the contract. Termination by the customer for default or extended force majeure due to events outside of our control generally will not require the customer to pay an early termination fee.
Our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially adversely affected if our customers terminate some of our contracts, and we are unable to secure new contracts on a timely basis and on substantially similar terms, if payments due under our contracts are suspended for an extended period of time, or if a number of our contracts are renegotiated. Our RPO is comprised of unfulfilled customer orders for products and product services (expected life of contract sales for product services). The actual amount and timing of revenues earned may be substantially different than the reported RPO. The total dollar amount of the Company's RPO as of December 31, 2024 was $33.1 billion.
The credit risks of having a concentrated customer base in the energy industry could result in losses.
Having a concentration of customers in the energy industry may impact our overall exposure to credit risk as our customers may be similarly affected by prolonged changes in economic and industry conditions. Some of our customers may experience extreme financial distress as a result of falling commodity prices and may be forced to seek protection under applicable bankruptcy laws, which may affect our ability to recover any amounts due from such customers. Furthermore, countries that rely heavily upon income from hydrocarbon exports have been and may in the future be negatively and significantly affected by a drop in oil prices, which could affect our ability to collect, timely or at all, from our customers in these countries, particularly national oil companies. Laws in some jurisdictions in which we will operate could make collection difficult or time consuming. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and do not expect to require collateral in support of our trade receivables. While we maintain reserves for potential credit losses, we cannot assure such reserves will be sufficient to meet write-offs of uncollectible receivables or that our losses from such receivables will be consistent with our expectations. Additionally, in the event of a bankruptcy of any of our customers, we may be treated as an unsecured creditor and may collect substantially less, or none, of the amounts owed to us by such customer.
Our customers' activity levels and spending for our products and services and ability to pay amounts owed us could be impacted by the reduction of their cash flow, financial condition and the ability of our customers to access equity or credit markets.
Our customers' access to capital is dependent on their ability to access the funds necessary to develop economically attractive projects based upon their expectations of future energy prices, required investments, and resulting returns. Limited access to external sources of funding has caused and may continue to cause customers to reduce their capital spending plans to levels supported by internally generated cash flow. In addition, a reduction of cash flow resulting from declines in commodity prices, a reduction in borrowing bases under reserve-based credit facilities or the lack of available debt or equity financing may impact the ability of our customers to pay amounts owed to us and could cause us to increase our reserve for credit losses or resulting in us collecting substantially less, or none, of the amounts owed to us by such customer.
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Gross receivables related to our primary customer in Mexico were 7%, 9%, and 10% for 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In addition to the potential risk of credit loss related to collection of accounts receivable with this customer, we have and may in the future, issue credit default swaps ("CDS") to third-party institutions related to borrowings to this customer who utilizes these funds to repay certain of our receivables. In the event of default by our customer to the financial institution, we would be required to pay the notional amount outstanding under the CDS, which may adversely impact our results of operations, short-term liquidity position, and cash flows.
LEGAL AND REGULATORY RISKS
Compliance with and changes in laws could be costly and could affect operating results. In addition, government disruptions could negatively impact our ability to conduct our business.
We conduct business in more than 120 countries that can be impacted by expected and unexpected changes in the legal and business environments in which we operate. In particular, goods, services, data, finances, people, and technology that cross international borders subjects us to extensive trade laws and regulations. Our import activities are governed by the unique customs laws and regulations in each of the countries where we operate. Pursuant to their laws and regulations, governments may impose economic sanctions against certain countries, persons and entities that may restrict or prohibit transactions involving such countries, persons and entities, which may limit or prevent our conduct of business in certain jurisdictions.
Compliance-related issues could limit our ability to do business in certain countries, impact our earnings and cash flows, bring reputational harm, or result in governmental investigations leading to fines, penalties or other remedial measures. Changes that could impact the legal environment include new legislation, new regulations, new policies, investigations, and legal proceedings and new interpretations of existing legal rules and regulations, in particular, changes in export control laws or exchange control laws, currency conversion, repatriation of income or capital, additional restrictions on doing business in countries subject to sanctions, and changes in laws in countries where we operate. In addition, changes and uncertainty in the political environments in which our businesses operate, including changes in administration, can have a material effect on the laws, rules, and regulations that affect our operations and liquidity. Government disruptions may also delay or halt the granting and renewal of permits, licenses and other items required by us and our customers to conduct our business. The continued success of our global business and operations depends, in part, on our ability to continue to anticipate and effectively manage these and other political, legal and regulatory risks. Given the highly dynamic nature of these restrictions and the unprecedented nature of these changes in recent years, and the uncertainty in the political landscape and unrest in certain areas of the world, our future success depends on the ability of our organization to react to such changes rapidly and appropriately to assure compliance as we continue to conduct business globally.
Our failure to comply with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ("FCPA") and other similar laws could have a negative impact on our ongoing operations.
Our ability to comply with the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act, and various other anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws depends on the success of our ongoing compliance program, including our ability to successfully manage our agents, distributors and other business partners, and supervise, train, and retain competent employees. We could be subject to sanctions and civil and criminal prosecution, fines and penalties, as well as legal expenses and reputational harm in the event of a finding of a violation of any of these laws by us or any of our employees.
Anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism financing laws could have adverse consequences for us.
Non-compliance with anti-money laundering, anti-terrorism financing and various other financial laws may subject us to sanctions, civil and criminal prosecution, fines and penalties, as well as legal expenses and potential reputational harm. While we strive to continuously improve our programs and pursue effective compliance, we cannot be sure our programs and controls are or will remain effective to ensure our compliance with all applicable anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism financing laws and regulations.
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Changes to tax laws and associated positions (including tax rate and adverse positions taken by taxing authorities) and international trade policy (including the imposition of tariffs and other import and export regulations) in the countries where we operate could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.
We are subject to changes in tax laws, rates, treaties, and regulations in the various jurisdictions where we operate, any of which, including in the interpretation thereof, could have a material adverse impact on our tax expense, results of operations and cash flows. Further, the examinations and subsequent tax assessments by various tax authorities could increase the Company's tax liabilities. Any changes to tax laws or rates or unfavorable positions taken by tax authorities have and could preclude our ability to fully utilize tax loss carryforwards and tax credits which could increase the amount of valuation allowances required against deferred tax assets and could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
In addition, we are subject to changes to the U.S. and foreign country tariffs, international trade agreements and policies. Expansion of trade restrictions, changes to government policies related to tariffs or trade agreements could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We could be subject to litigation and environmental claims arising out of our products and services which could adversely affect our reputation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
The technical complexities of our operations expose us to a wide range of significant health, safety and environmental risks and we are from time to time subject to litigation in the U.S. and in foreign countries, for example claims involving services or equipment such as personal injury or loss of life, product failure (including as a result of a cyber-attack) or damage to or destruction of property, employment and labor, customer privacy, or regulatory risks. While we have insurance coverage against operating hazards to the extent deemed prudent by our management and to the extent insurance is available, our insurance may not cover all expenses related to litigation claims arising from our business. Moreover, we may not be able to maintain insurance at levels of risk coverage or policy limits that we deem adequate. We may therefore incur significant expenses defending any such suit or government charge and may be required to pay amounts or otherwise change our operations in ways that could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We may be subject to litigation if another party claims that we have infringed upon, misappropriated or otherwise violated its intellectual property rights.
The tools, techniques, methodologies, programs and components we use to provide our products and services may infringe upon, misappropriate or otherwise violate the intellectual property rights of others or be challenged on that basis. Regardless of the merits, any such claims may result in significant legal and other costs and may distract management from running our core business. Resolving such claims could increase our costs, including through royalty payments to acquire licenses, if available, from third parties and through the development of replacement technologies. If a license to resolve a claim were not available, we might not be able to continue providing a particular service or product, which could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Compliance with, and rulings and litigation in connection with, environmental regulations and the environmental impacts of our operations may adversely affect our business and operating results.
We and our business are subject to extensive domestic and international environmental, health and safety regulations. In addition to environmental, health and safety regulatory compliance obligations, we may face liability arising out of the normal course of business, including alleged personal injury, property damage, and human health risks due to exposure to hazardous substances or operations at our current or former facilities. Additionally, we may be impacted by material changes in environmental, health and safety regulations or subject to substantial liability for environmental impacts caused by our (or our predecessors') operations. Compliance with environmental laws and regulations and associated expenditures, including but not limited to our capital expenditures for environmental control equipment, are forecasted and may be inconsistent based on multiple variables. Our compliance cost forecasts may be substantially different from actual results, which may be affected by factors such as: changes in law that impose new or increased restrictions on air or other emissions, wastewater management, waste disposal, hydraulic fracturing, or wetland and land use practices; changes in standards of enforcement of existing environmental laws and regulations; a change in our share of any remediation costs or other unexpected, adverse
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outcomes with respect to sites where we have been named as a potentially responsible party ("PRP"), (including Superfund sites, the allocation of PRP liability at other sites, or discovery of additional issues at existing sites) where additional expenditures may be required to comply with environmental legal obligations; and the accidental, unauthorized discharge of hazardous materials.
Investor and public perception related to the Company's ESG performance as well as current and future ESG reporting requirements may affect our business and our operating results.
In recent years, companies across all industries are facing increasing scrutiny from a variety of stakeholders, including investor advocacy groups, proxy advisory firms, certain institutional investors and lenders, investment funds and other influential investors and rating agencies, related to their ESG and sustainability practices. If we do not adapt to or comply with investor or other stakeholder expectations and standards on ESG matters (or meet sustainability goals and targets that we have set), as they continue to evolve, or if we are perceived to have not responded appropriately or quickly enough to growing concern for ESG and sustainability issues, regardless of whether there is a regulatory or legal requirement to do so, we may face increased litigation risk, reputational damage and our business, financial condition and/or stock price could be materially and adversely affected.
In addition, our continuing efforts to research, establish, accomplish and accurately report on the implementation of our ESG strategy, including our emissions reduction commitments, may also create additional operational risks and expenses and expose us to reputational, legal and other risks. While we create and publish voluntary disclosures regarding ESG matters from time to time, some of the statements in those voluntary disclosures may be based on hypothetical expectations and assumptions that may or may not be representative of current or actual risks or events or forecasts of expected risks or events, including the costs associated therewith. Such expectations and assumptions are necessarily uncertain and may be prone to error or subject to misinterpretation given the long timelines involved and the lack of an established single approach to identifying, measuring and reporting on many ESG matters.
Our voluntary disclosures of ESG data are evaluated and rated by various organizations that assess corporate ESG performance. These organizations provide information to investors on corporate governance and related matters and have developed ratings processes for evaluating companies on their approach to ESG matters. Unfavorable ESG ratings, or our inability to meet the ESG standards set by specific investors, may lead to negative investor sentiment and reputational damage, which could have an adverse impact, among other things, on our stock price and cost of capital.
Regulatory requirements related to ESG or sustainability reporting have been adopted and may continue to be introduced in various jurisdictions, including, but not limited to, the European Union, Australia, and the State of California. These regulations will require the reporting of sustainability data, including greenhouse gas emissions. We expect regulatory disclosure requirements related to sustainability matters to continue to expand globally, which has and may continue to increase our cost and burden of compliance and may subject us to potential legal and reputational risk.
To achieve our stated emission reduction goals, we have implemented internal decarbonization projects and may also need to rely on external factors, such as the greater deployment of carbon reduction and removal technologies and adoption of government policies that we expect would accelerate the adoption of energy transition technologies. There have been policy responses to support the energy transition in the U.S. with the passage of the Inflation Reduction Act. In addition, geopolitical instability has increased energy prices compared to the prior year and raised energy security concerns, which may result in many governments reassessing energy transition strategies, extending the timeline to ensure adequate and reasonably priced energy supplies. It is difficult to predict with certainty how these policy, economic, and energy security issues will impact the energy transition. Our failure or perceived failure to pursue or fulfill our reductions and elimination of carbon equivalent emissions commitments within the timelines we announce, or changes to these commitments or related timelines could have a negative impact on investor sentiment, ratings outcomes for evaluating our approach to ESG matters, our stock price and cost of capital and expose us to government enforcement actions and private litigation, among other material adverse impacts.
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International, national, and state governments and agencies continue to evaluate and promulgate legislation and regulations that are focused on reducing GHG emissions. Compliance with GHG emission regulations applicable to our or our customers' operations may have significant implications that could adversely affect our business and operating results in the fossil-fuel sectors.
In the United States, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") has taken steps to regulate GHG emissions as air pollutants under the U.S. Clean Air Act of 1970, as amended. The EPA's Greenhouse Gas Reporting Rule requires monitoring and reporting of GHG emissions from, among others, certain mobile and stationary GHG emission sources in the oil and natural gas industry. The EPA released a final rule expanding the scope of the reporting rule, effective January 1, 2025, which in turn may impact (and include) data from our equipment or operations to the extent it remains in effect under the new administration. In addition, the U.S. government has proposed rules in the past setting GHG emission standards for, or otherwise aimed at reducing GHG emissions from, the oil and natural gas and power industries. International developments focused on restricting GHG emissions include the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which includes implementation of the Paris Agreement and the Kyoto Protocol by the signatories; the Glasgow Climate Pact; the EU Emission Trading System; Article 8 of the EU Energy Efficiency Directive and the United Kingdom's Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting framework; and the EU's carbon border adjustment mechanism. Caps or fees on carbon emissions, including in the U.S. (such as methane fees imposed on emissions from certain oil and gas facilities under the Inflation Reduction Act), have been and may continue to be established and the cost of such caps or fees could disproportionately affect the fossil-fuel sectors. Newly enacted GHG emissions requirements have been subject to ongoing legal challenges in the U.S. which may delay the implementation or enforcement of such rules. Although a reduction in GHG reporting obligations in the U.S. may be possible at the federal level in the short-term with changing administrations, long-term regulatory trends suggest that federal regulation of GHG emissions is likely to increase over time. The implementation of these agreements and other existing or future regulatory mandates, may adversely affect the demand for our products and services, require us or our customers to reduce GHG emissions or impose taxes on us or our customers, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. While the Supreme Court's decision in Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo to overrule Chevron U.S.A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., which ended the concept of general deference to regulatory agency interpretations of laws, introduces new complexity for federal agencies and administration of climate change policy and regulatory programs, many of these initiatives may continue. Consequently, legislation and regulatory programs to address climate change or reduce emissions of GHGs could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Voluntary initiatives to reduce GHG emissions, as well as increased climate change awareness, may result in increased costs for the oil and gas industry to curb GHG emissions and could have an adverse impact on demand for oil and natural gas.
There are various corporate and non-governmental initiatives that are focused on voluntary reductions of GHG emissions. These developments, and public perception relating to climate change, may shift demand from oil and natural gas towards an investment in relatively lower carbon emitting energy sources and alternative energy solutions, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Changes in laws or regulations relating to data privacy and security, or any actual or perceived failure by us to comply with such laws or regulations, or contractual or other obligations relating to data privacy or security, may adversely affect our business and operating results.
We have access to sensitive, confidential, proprietary or personal data or information in certain of our businesses that is or may become subject to various data privacy and security laws, regulations, standards, contractual obligations or customer-imposed controls in the jurisdictions in which we operate. The legal and regulatory environment related to data privacy and security is increasingly rigorous, with new and constantly changing requirements applicable to our business, and enforcement practices are likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future. These laws and regulations are and may be interpreted and applied differently over time and from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and it is possible that they will be interpreted and applied in ways that may adversely affect our business and operating results.
In the U.S., various federal and state regulators, including governmental agencies like the Federal Trade Commission, have adopted, or are considering adopting, laws, regulations and standards concerning personal information, privacy and data security. Certain state laws may be more stringent or broader in scope, or offer greater
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individual rights, with respect to personal information than federal, international or other state laws, and such laws may differ from each other, all of which may complicate compliance efforts. Internationally, laws, regulations and standards in many jurisdictions apply broadly to the collection, use, retention, security, disclosure, transfer and other processing of personal information or other data. For example, the collection, use, storage, disclosure, transfer, or other processing of personal data regarding individuals located in the European Economic Area and the U.K. is subject to strict regulations, and compliance may require adhering to stringent legal and operational obligations and the dedication of substantial time and financial resources.
The various and evolving federal, state and international laws, regulations and standards can differ significantly from one another and, given our global footprint, this may significantly complicate our compliance efforts and impose considerable costs, such as costs related to organizational changes and implementing additional protection technologies, which are likely to increase over time. In addition, compliance with applicable requirements may require us to modify our data processing practices and policies, distract management or divert resources from other initiatives and projects, all of which could adversely affect our business and operating results. Any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with any applicable federal, state or international laws, regulations, standards, or contractual or other obligations, relating to data privacy and security could result in damage to our reputation and our relationship with our customers, as well as proceedings or litigation by governmental agencies, customers or individuals, which could subject us to significant fines, sanctions, awards, penalties or judgments, all of which could adversely affect our business and operating results.
TECHNOLOGY RISKS
An inability to obtain, maintain, protect, defend or enforce our intellectual property rights could adversely affect our business.
There can be no assurance that the steps we take to obtain, maintain, protect, defend and enforce our intellectual property rights will be completely adequate. Our applications for intellectual property rights may not be granted entirely, as to key features, or at all. Our intellectual property rights may fail to provide us with significant competitive advantages, particularly in jurisdictions where we have not invested in an intellectual property portfolio or that do not have, or do not enforce, strong intellectual property rights. The weakening of protection of our trademarks, patents, trade secrets and other intellectual property rights could also adversely affect our business.
We are a party to a number of licenses that give us rights to intellectual property that is necessary or useful to our business. Our success depends in part on the ability of our licensors to obtain, maintain, protect, defend and sufficiently enforce the licensed intellectual property rights we have commercialized. Without protection for the intellectual property rights we own or license, other companies might be able to offer substantially identical products for sale, which could adversely affect our competitive business position and harm our business products. Also, there can be no assurances that we will be able to obtain or renew from third parties the licenses to use intellectual property rights we need in the future, and there is no assurance that such licenses can be obtained on reasonable terms. We would be adversely affected in the event that any such license agreement was terminated without the right for us to continue using the licensed intellectual property.
Increased cybersecurity vulnerabilities and threats, and more sophisticated and targeted cyber-attacks and other security incidents, pose risks to our systems, data and business, and our relationships with customers and other third parties.
In the course of conducting our business, we may hold or have access to sensitive, confidential, proprietary or personal data or information belonging to us, our employees or third parties, including customers, partners or suppliers. Increased cybersecurity vulnerabilities and threats, and more sophisticated and targeted cyber-attacks and other security incidents, pose risks to our and our customers', partners', suppliers' and third-party service providers' systems, data, and business, and the confidentiality, availability, and integrity of our and our employees' and customers' data. We utilize various procedures and controls to monitor and mitigate our exposure including maintaining a dedicated Cyber Fusion Center ("CFC") and engaging third party experts. For more information see the "Risk Management & Strategy" section of Part 1 of Item 1C herein. While we attempt to mitigate these risks, we remain vulnerable to cyber-attacks and other security incidents, including ransomware incidents. Given our global footprint, the large number of customers, partners, suppliers and service providers with which we do business, and the increasing sophistication and complexity of cyber-attacks, an incident could occur and persist for an extended period without detection. Any investigation of a cyber-attack or other security incident would be inherently
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unpredictable, and it would take time before the completion of any investigation and the availability of full and reliable information. During such time we would not necessarily know the extent of the harm or how best to remediate it, and certain errors or actions could be repeated or compounded before they are discovered and remediated, all or any of which would further increase the costs and consequences of such an incident. We may be required to expend significant resources to protect against, respond to, and recover from any cyber-attacks and other security incidents. As cyber-attacks continue to evolve, we may be required to expend significant additional resources to continue to modify or enhance our protective measures or to investigate and remediate any information security vulnerabilities. In addition, our remediation efforts may not be successful. The inability to implement, maintain and upgrade adequate safeguards could materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
In addition to our own systems, we use third-party service providers, who in turn may also use third-party providers, to process certain data or information on our behalf. Due to applicable laws and regulations or contractual obligations, we may be held responsible for cybersecurity incidents attributed to our service providers or other third parties to the extent affecting information we share with them. Although we contractually require these third parties to implement and maintain reasonable security measures, we cannot control third parties and cannot guarantee that a security breach will not occur in their systems.
Our digital technologies and services, as well as third-party products, services and technologies on which we rely (including emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence programs), are subject to the risk of cyberattacks. Despite our and our service providers' efforts to protect our data and information, there can be no assurance that the systems we have designed to prevent or limit the effects of cyber incidents or attacks will be sufficient to prevent or detect material consequences arising from such incidents or attacks, or to avoid a material adverse impact on our systems after such incidents or attacks occur. In the normal conduct of our business, we and our service providers have been and may in the future be vulnerable to security breaches, ransomware attacks, theft, misplaced or lost data, programming errors, phishing attacks, denial of service attacks, acts of vandalism, computer viruses, malware, employee errors and/or malfeasance or similar events, including those perpetrated by criminals or nation-state actors, that could potentially lead to the compromise, unauthorized access, use, disclosure, modification or destruction of data or information, improper use of our systems, defective products, loss of access to our data, production downtimes and operational disruptions; and, given the nature of such attacks, some incidents may remain undetected for a period of time despite efforts to detect and respond to them in a timely manner. In addition, a cyber-attack or any other significant compromise or breach of our data security, media reports about such an incident, whether accurate or not, or, under certain circumstances, our failure to make adequate or timely disclosures to the public, law enforcement agencies or affected individuals following any such event, whether due to delayed discovery or a failure to follow existing protocols, could adversely impact our operating results and result in other negative consequences, including damage to our reputation or competitiveness, harm to our relationships with customers, partners, suppliers and other third parties, distraction to our management, remediation or increased protection costs, significant litigation or regulatory action, fines and penalties. Cyberattacks are expected to accelerate on a global basis in both frequency and magnitude as threat actors become increasingly sophisticated in techniques and tools (including artificial intelligence) that circumvent controls, evade detection and even remove forensic evidence of the infiltration. Given the increased prevalence of customer-imposed connectivity, cybersecurity controls and other related contractual obligations towards customers or other third parties, there are an increased number of attack vectors and a cyber-attack or other security incident also could result in breach of contract or indemnity claims against us by customers or other counterparties.
While we currently maintain cybersecurity insurance, such insurance may not be sufficient in type or amount to cover us against claims related to cybersecurity breaches or attacks, failures or other data security-related incidents, and we cannot be certain that cyber insurance will continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms, or at all, or that an insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against us that exceed available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements, could materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
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INDUSTRY AND MARKET RISKS
Volatility of oil and natural gas prices can adversely affect demand for our products and services.
Prices of oil and gas products are set on a commodity basis. As a result, the volatility in oil and natural gas prices can impact our customers' activity levels and spending for our products and services. Current energy prices are important contributors to cash flow for our customers and their ability to fund exploration and development activities. Expectations about future prices and price volatility are important for determining future spending levels.
Demand for our products and services is subject to factors beyond our control and depends substantially on expenditures by our customers. Changes in the global economy could impact our customers' spending levels and our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Demand for our services and products is highly correlated with global economic growth and substantially dependent on the levels of expenditures by our customers. Across our products and services, customer demand may be reduced due to global economic factors beyond our control, including but not limited to inflation, rising interest rates, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, and declining availability of credit. Specifically, for example, past oil and natural gas industry downturns have resulted in reduced demand for oilfield products and services and lower expenditures by our customers, which in the past has resulted, and may in the future result, in a prolonged reduction in oil and natural gas prices that may require us to record asset impairments, and we could experience decreased revenue, decreased profitability and reduction in cash flows. Such potential impairment charges and adverse operating metrics could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Supply of oil and natural gas is subject to factors beyond our control, which may adversely affect our operating results.
Productive capacity for oil and natural gas is dependent on our customers' decisions to develop and produce oil and natural gas reserves and on the regulatory environment in which our customers and we operate. The ability to produce oil and natural gas can be affected by the number and productivity of new wells drilled and completed, as well as the rate of production and resulting depletion of existing wells.
Currency fluctuations or devaluations may impact our operating results.
Fluctuations or devaluations in foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar can impact our revenue and our costs of doing business and create volatility, as well as the costs of doing business of our customers.
Changes in economic and/or market conditions may impact our ability to borrow and/or cost of borrowing.
The condition of the capital markets and equity markets in general may affect the price of our common stock and our ability to obtain financing, if necessary. Actions by the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates could result in increased borrowing costs or make the cost of borrowing funds commercially unattractive. Furthermore, if our credit rating is downgraded, it could increase borrowing costs under credit facilities and issuances of commercial paper, as well as increase the cost of renewing or obtaining, or make it more difficult to renew, obtain, or issue new debt financing.
RISKS RELATED TO OUR STOCK
The market price and trading volume of our Class A common stock may be volatile, which could result in rapid and substantial losses for our shareholders.
The market price of our Class A common stock may be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations. In addition, the trading volume in our Class A common stock may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. If the market price of our Class A common stock declines significantly, our shareholders may be unable to sell their shares of our Class A common stock at or above their purchase price, if at all. We cannot assure our shareholders that the market price of our Class A common stock will not fluctuate or decline significantly in the future. Some of the factors that could negatively affect the price of our Class A common stock or result in fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our Class A common stock include: variations in our quarterly operating
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results; failure to meet our earnings estimates; publication of research reports about us or our industry; additions or departures of our executive officers and other key management personnel; adverse market reaction to any indebtedness we may incur or securities we may issue in the future; actions by shareholders; changes in market valuations of similar companies; speculation in the press or investment community; changes or proposed changes in laws or regulations or differing interpretations thereof affecting our business or enforcement of these laws and regulations, or announcements relating to these matters; adverse publicity about our industry generally or individual scandals, specifically; and general market and economic conditions.
Anti-takeover provisions in our organizational documents and Delaware law might discourage or delay acquisition attempts for us that might be considered favorable.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may delay or prevent a merger or acquisition that a shareholder may consider favorable by permitting the Board to issue one or more series of preferred stock, requiring advance notice for shareholder proposals and nominations, and placing limitations on convening shareholder meetings. These provisions may also discourage acquisition proposals, delay, or prevent a change in control, which could harm our stock price.
Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the exclusive forum for certain litigation that may be initiated by our shareholders, which could limit our shareholders' ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us.
Pursuant to our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the sole and exclusive forum for (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (2) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers or other employees to us or our stockholders, (3) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law or (4) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation further provides that any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our common stock is deemed to have notice of and consented to the foregoing provision. The forum selection clause in our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation may limit our shareholders' ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us.
This exclusive forum provision applies to certain state law claims and will not apply to claims under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. In addition, our shareholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. This choice of forum provision may limit a shareholder's ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and employees.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
We own or lease numerous properties throughout the world. We consider our manufacturing plants, equipment assembly, maintenance and overhaul facilities, grinding plants, drilling fluids and chemical processing centers, and primary research and technology centers to be our principal properties. The following sets forth the location of our principal owned or leased facilities for our business segments as of December 31, 2024:
Oilfield Services & Equipment: Houston, Pasadena, and The Woodlands, Texas; Claremore, Oklahoma - all located in the United States; Leduc, Canada; Celle, Germany; Tananger, Norway; Aberdeen and Montrose, Scotland; Nailsea and Newcastle, England; Macae and Niteroi, Brazil; Singapore, Singapore; Suzhou, China; Kakinada, India; Abu Dhabi and Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Dammam and Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Luanda, Angola; Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Industrial & Energy Technology: Deer Park, Texas; Jacksonville, Florida; Billerica, Massachusetts; Minden, Nevada; Twinsburg, Ohio - all located in the United States; Florence, Massa, Avenza, Bari, and Talamona, Italy; Le Creusot, France; Leicester, England; Shannon, Ireland; Hurth and Wunstorf, Germany; Pilsen, Czech Republic; Shanghai, China; Doha, Qatar; Boufarik, Algeria; Coimbatore, India
We lease our corporate headquarters in Houston, Texas. We also own or lease numerous other facilities such as service centers, blend plants, workshops and sales and administrative offices throughout the geographic regions in which we operate. We also have a significant investment in service vehicles, tools and manufacturing and other equipment. All of our owned properties are unencumbered. We believe that our facilities are well maintained and suitable for their intended purposes and are operating at a level consistent with the requirements of the industry in which we operate.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The information with respect to Item 3. Legal Proceedings is contained in "Note 19. Commitments and Contingencies" of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 herein.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Our barite mining operations, in support of our OFSE segment, are subject to regulation by the Federal Mine Safety and Health Administration under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977. Information concerning mine safety violations or other regulatory matters required by Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 104 of Regulation S-K is included in Exhibit 95 to this Annual Report.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 30
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Our Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, is traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker symbol 'BKR'. As of January 22, 2025, there were approximately 5,404 stockholders of record.
The following table contains information about our purchases of Class A common stock equity securities during the fourth quarter of 2024.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period Total Number
of Shares
Purchased (1)
Average
Price Paid
Per Share (2)
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced
Program (3) (4)
Approximate Dollar Value
of Shares that May Yet Be
Purchased Under the Program (3) (4)
October 1-31, 2024
4,340 $ 37.00 - $ 1,741,865,699
November 1-30, 2024
28,480 38.44 - $ 1,741,865,699
December 1-31, 2024
231,605 39.97 221,371 $ 1,733,029,749
Total 264,425 $ 39.76 221,371
(1)Represents Class A common stock purchased from employees to satisfy the tax withholding obligations primarily in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units.
(2)Average price paid for Class A common stock purchased from employees to satisfy the tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units and shares purchased in the open market under our publicly announced purchase program.
(3)On July 30 2021, the Board authorized the Company to repurchase up to $2 billion of its Class A common stock. On October 27, 2022, the Board authorized an increase to our repurchase program of $2 billion of additional Class A common stock, increasing its existing repurchase authorization of $2 billion to $4 billion. The repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and does not have a specified expiration date. During the three months ended December 31, 2024, our agents repurchased a number of our Class A common stock that complied with Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act.
(4)During the three months ended December 31, 2024, we repurchased 0.2 million shares of Class A common stock at an average price of $39.91 per share for a total of $9 million.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 31
Corporate Performance Graph
The following graph compares the yearly change in our cumulative total shareholder return on our common stock (assuming reinvestment of dividends into common stock at the date of payment) with the cumulative total return on the published Standard & Poor's ("S&P") 500 Stock Index, the cumulative total return on the S&P 500 Oil and Gas Equipment and Services Index, and the Philadelphia Oil Service Index ("OSX") over the preceding five year period. Although the Company is not a component of the OSX, this index represents a large group of companies with similar industry exposure, many of which provide the same or similar equipment and services as the Company.
Comparison of Five-Year Cumulative Total Return
BKR, S&P 500 Stock Index, S&P 500 Oil and Gas Equipment and Services Index, and OSX
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Baker Hughes Company ("BKR") $ 100.00 $ 84.87 $ 100.98 $ 127.13 $ 150.74 $ 185.53
S&P 500 Stock Index 100.00 118.39 152.34 124.73 157.48 196.85
S&P 500 Oil and Gas Equipment and Services Index
100.00 63.77 81.35 134.08 136.52 119.25
Philadelphia Oil Service Index ("OSX") 100.00 57.92 69.94 112.94 115.10 101.68
The comparison of total return on investment (change in year-end stock price plus reinvested dividends) assumes that $100 was invested on December 31, 2019 in Baker Hughes common stock, the S&P 500 Index, the S&P 500 Oil and Gas Equipment and Services Index, and the OSX.
The corporate performance graph and related information shall not be deemed "soliciting material" or to be "filed" with the SEC, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that Baker Hughes specifically incorporates it by reference into such filing.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
ITEM 6. [RESERVED]
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 32

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data contained herein.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Market Conditions
We are an energy technology company with a broad and diversified portfolio of technologies and services that span the energy and industrial value chain. We operate through our two business segments: OFSE and IET. We sell products and services primarily in the global oil and gas markets, within the upstream, midstream and downstream segments, as well as broader industrial and new energy markets.
During 2024, Baker Hughes continued to deliver significant improvement across the company and in our financial results over 2023. We capitalized on market tailwinds to deliver substantial IET revenue growth, navigated an uneven market to deliver modest OFSE revenue growth, and realized widening benefits from our transformation efforts across the company. We also maintained strong order momentum in IET, led by significant growth in new energy and non-LNG equipment orders.
As we look to 2025, we see a muted outlook for global upstream spending due to recent oil price volatility and an oil market that looks well supplied in the near term, which might affect activity across our OFSE portfolio. Continued discipline from the world's largest producers and the pace of oil demand growth will remain important factors to monitor. Geopolitics remain another element of uncertainty across the oil and gas markets affecting macroeconomic conditions and upstream spending.
We are seeing customer spending trends shift more towards natural gas and low-carbon solutions, and we expect this trend to continue in 2025, which will continue to support strength across our IET portfolio. We remain optimistic on the LNG outlook, supporting the shift towards the development of natural gas and LNG. As a result, the global LNG project pipeline remains strong. Additionally, robust orders over the past few years are set to drive significant growth in our equipment installed base, which will underpin steady growth in Gas Technology Service over the coming years. Continued signs of tightness in the aeroderivative supply chain will remain an important factor to monitor.
Financial Results and Key Company Initiatives
In 2024, the Company generated revenues of $27.8 billion, compared to $25.5 billion in 2023, increasing $2.3 billion or 9%. The increase in revenue was driven principally by IET. IET revenue increased $2.1 billion, primarily driven by Gas Technology Equipment revenue. OFSE revenue increased $0.3 billion driven by international revenue. Operating income was $3.1 billion compared to $2.3 billion in 2023, increasing $0.8 billion. The increase to operating income was driven by higher volume primarily from higher proportionate growth in Gas Technology Equipment ("GTE") and Subsea & Surface Pressure Systems ("SSPS") and price in both segments, and structural cost-out initiatives across the company, partially offset by cost inflation.
As our journey of transformation continues, we have made progress in our efforts to improve efficiencies and modernize how the business operates. The business has undertaken significant structural changes and we see the operating benefits coming through in the margin performance.
Baker Hughes remains committed to a flexible capital allocation policy that balances returning cash to shareholders and investing in growth opportunities. We increased our quarterly dividend in the first quarter of 2024 by one cent to $0.21 per share. For the full year of 2024, we returned a total of $1.3 billion to shareholders in the form of dividends and share repurchases.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 33
Outlook
Our business is exposed to a number of macro factors, which influence our outlook and expectations given the current volatile conditions in the industry. All of our outlook expectations are purely based on the market as we see it today and are subject to changing conditions in the industry.
•OFSE North America activity: In 2025, we expect a second consecutive year of lower E&P spending due to recent commodity price volatility and E&P consolidation.
•OFSE International activity: We expect spending outside of North America to be at similar or slightly lower levels in 2025 compared to 2024.
•IET outlook: We see continued strength in LNG, Floating Production Storage and Offloading ("FPSO"), gas infrastructure, and new energy, as well as increasing opportunities to leverage our versatile portfolio to enhance IET's position across industrial and distributed power markets.
We have other businesses in our portfolio that are more correlated with various industrial metrics, including global GDP growth. We also have businesses within our portfolio that are exposed to new energy solutions, specifically focused around reducing carbon emissions of the energy and broader industry, including: hydrogen; geothermal; CCUS; energy storage; clean power; and emissions abatement solutions. We expect to see continued growth in these global businesses as new energy solutions become a more prevalent part of the broader energy mix.
Overall, we believe our portfolio is well positioned to compete across the energy value chain and deliver comprehensive solutions for our customers. Over time, we believe the world's demand for energy will continue to rise, and that hydrocarbons will play a major role in meeting the world's energy needs for the foreseeable future. As such, we remain focused on delivering innovative, low-emission, and cost-effective solutions that deliver step changes in operating and economic performance for our customers.
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
The following discussion and analysis summarize the significant factors affecting our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity position as of and for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, and should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes.
Our revenue is predominately generated from the sale of products and services to major, national, and independent oil and natural gas companies worldwide, and is dependent on spending by our customers for oil and natural gas exploration, field development and production. This spending is driven by a number of factors, including our customers' forecasts of future energy demand and supply, their access to resources to develop and produce oil and natural gas, their ability to fund their capital programs, the impact of new government regulations, and their expectations for oil and natural gas prices as a key driver of their cash flows.
Oil and Natural Gas Prices
Outside North America, customer spending is influenced by Brent oil prices. In North America, customer spending is influenced by WTI oil prices and natural gas prices are measured by the Henry Hub Natural Gas Spot Price.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 34
Oil and natural gas prices are summarized in the table below as averages of the daily closing prices during each of the periods indicated.
2024 2023 2022
Brent oil prices ($/Bbl) (1)
$ 80.52 $ 82.49 $ 100.93
WTI oil prices ($/Bbl) (2)
76.63 77.58 94.90
Natural gas prices ($/mmBtu) (3)
2.19 2.53 6.45
(1)Energy Information Administration ("EIA") Europe Brent Spot Price per Barrel
(2)EIA Cushing, OK West Texas Intermediate ("WTI") spot price
(3)EIA Henry Hub Natural Gas Spot Price per million British Thermal Unit
Rig Count
Rig counts are an important business barometer for the drilling industry and its suppliers. When drilling rigs are active they consume products and services produced by the oil service industry. Therefore, rig counts may act as a leading indicator of market activity and reflect the relative strength of energy prices however, these counts should not be solely relied on as other specific and pervasive conditions may exist that affect overall energy prices and market activity.
Rig counts are compiled weekly for the U.S. and Canada and monthly for all international rigs. Published international rig counts do not include rigs drilling in certain locations such as onshore China because this information is not readily available.
The rig counts are summarized in the table below as averages for each of the periods indicated.
2024 2023 2022
North America 787 864 898
International 947 948 851
Worldwide 1,734 1,812 1,749
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The discussions below relating to significant line items from our consolidated statements of income (loss) are based on available information and represent our analysis of significant changes or events that impact the comparability of reported amounts. Where appropriate, we have identified specific events and changes that affect comparability or trends and, where reasonably practicable, have quantified the impact of such items. In addition, the discussions below for revenue and cost of revenue are on a total basis as the business drivers for product sales and services are similar. All dollar amounts in tabulations in this section are in millions of dollars, unless otherwise stated. Certain columns and rows may not add due to the use of rounded numbers.
Our consolidated statements of income (loss) displays sales and costs of sales in accordance with SEC regulations under which "goods" is required to include all sales of tangible products and "services" must include all other sales, including other service activities. For the amounts shown below, we distinguish between "equipment" and "product services," where product services refer to sales under product services agreements, including sales of both goods (such as spare parts and equipment upgrades) and related services (such as monitoring, maintenance and repairs), which is an important part of our operations. We refer to "product services" simply as "services" within Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Our results of operations are evaluated by the Chief Executive Officer on a consolidated basis as well as at the segment level. The performance of our operating segments is primarily evaluated based on segment operating income (loss), which is defined as income (loss) before income taxes and before the following: net interest expense, net other non-operating income (loss), unallocated corporate expenses, significant restructuring plans, impairment and other charges, inventory impairments, and certain gains and losses not allocated to the operating segments.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 35
In evaluating the performance, we primarily use the following:
Volume: Volume is defined as the increase or decrease in products and/or services sold period-over-period excluding the impact of foreign exchange and price. The volume impact on profit is calculated by multiplying the prior period profit rate by the change in revenue volume between the current and prior period. Volume also includes price, which is defined as the change in sales price for a comparable product or service period-over-period and is calculated as the period-over-period change in sales prices of comparable products and services.
Foreign Exchange ("FX"): FX measures the translational foreign exchange impact, or the translation impact of the period-over-period change on sales and costs directly attributable to change in the foreign exchange rate compared to the U.S. dollar. FX impact is calculated by multiplying the functional currency amounts (revenue or profit) with the period-over-period FX rate variance, using the average exchange rate for the respective period.
(Inflation)/Deflation: (Inflation)/deflation is defined as the increase or decrease in direct and indirect costs of the same type for an equal amount of volume. It is calculated as the year-over-year change in cost (i.e. price paid) of direct material, compensation and benefits, and overhead costs.
Productivity: Productivity is measured by the remaining variance in profit, after adjusting for the period-over-period impact of volume and price, foreign exchange, and (inflation)/deflation as defined above. Improved or lower period-over-period cost productivity is the result of cost efficiencies or inefficiencies, such as cost decreasing or increasing more than volume, or cost increasing or decreasing less than volume, or changes in sales mix among segments. This also includes the period-over-period variance of transactional foreign exchange, aside from those foreign currency devaluations that are reported separately for business evaluation purposes.
Orders and Remaining Performance Obligations
Summarized orders information for our segments are shown in the following table.
Year Ended December 31, $ Change
2024 2023 2022 From 2023 to 2024
From 2022 to 2023
Orders:
Oilfield Services & Equipment $ 15,240 $ 16,344 $ 14,089 $ (1,104) $ 2,255
Gas Technology Equipment 5,675 7,367 6,195 (1,692) 1,172
Gas Technology Services 3,141 3,004 2,961 137 43
Total Gas Technology 8,816 10,372 9,156 (1,555) 1,215
Industrial Products 2,079 2,069 1,833 10 237
Industrial Solutions 1,151 1,085 1,025 66 60
Controls (1)
- 66 241 (66) (175)
Total Industrial Technology 3,230 3,220 3,099 10 121
Climate Technology Solutions (2)
954 586 425 367 161
Industrial & Energy Technology 13,000 14,178 12,680 (1,178) 1,498
Total $ 28,240 $ 30,522 $ 26,770 $ (2,282) $ 3,752
(1)The sale of our controls business was completed in April 2023.
(2)For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, total new energy orders incorporates CTS in IET of $1.0 billion, $0.6 billion, and $0.4 billion, respectively.
The RPO relate to the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) performance obligations. As of December 31, 2024, RPO totaled $33.1 billion, of which OFSE totaled $3.0 billion and IET totaled $30.1 billion.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 36
Fiscal Year 2024 to Fiscal Year 2023
Revenue increased $2,323 million, or 9%, to $27.8 billion. OFSE increased $268 million and IET increased $2,055 million.
Selling, general and administrative cost decreased $153 million, or 6%, to $2,458 million, and our Corporate costs, which are primarily reported within this financial measure, decreased $17 million, or 5%, to $363 million. These decreases were driven primarily by a continued focus on cost optimization, partially offset by inflationary pressure.
Restructuring, impairment, and other charges were $301 million in 2024, primarily related to streamlining of the OFSE operating model. In 2023, restructuring, impairment, and other charges were $323 million reflecting costs to align the business with the Company's market outlook.
Operating income increased $763 million, or 33%, to $3,081 million, driven primarily by: increased volume primarily from higher proportionate growth in GTE and SSPS, favorable price, cost optimization, and, to a lesser extent, FX, partially offset by inflationary pressure.
We recorded other non-operating income of $382 million in 2024, which included a net gain of $367 million from the change in fair value for certain equity investments. In 2023, we recorded $554 million of other non-operating income. Included in this amount was a net gain of $555 million from the change in fair value for certain equity investments.
Net interest expense incurred in 2024 was $198 million, which includes interest income of $93 million. Net interest expense decreased $18 million compared to 2023, with higher interest income primarily driven by higher average cash on deposit.
We recorded income taxes in 2024 and 2023 of $257 million and $685 million, respectively. The difference between the U.S. statutory tax rate of 21% and the effective tax rate is primarily impacted by the $664 million reversal of a valuation allowance in 2024, with the rate in both years also reflecting income generated in jurisdictions with tax rates higher than in the U.S. and losses with no tax benefit due to valuation allowances. The valuation allowance on the associated deferred tax assets has been released as a result of the U.S. moving into a cumulative three-year profit position, which is supported by an increasing pattern of profitability, recent demonstration of tax credit utilization, and the forecasted continuation of profitability in the U.S.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 37
Segment Revenues and Segment Operating Income
Oilfield Services & Equipment
Year Ended December 31, $ Change
2024 2023 From 2023 to 2024
Revenue
Well Construction $ 4,145 $ 4,387 $ (242)
Completions, Intervention, and Measurements
4,154 4,170 (16)
Production Solutions 3,860 3,854 6
Subsea & Surface Pressure Systems 3,470 2,950 520
Total
15,628 15,361 268
Cost of goods and services sold
12,448 12,282 166
Research and development
260 278 (18)
Selling, general and administrative
932 1,055 (123)
Operating income
$ 1,988 $ 1,746 $ 242
Operating margin (1)
12.7 % 11.4 % 1.3pts
(1)Operating margin is defined as operating income divided by revenue.
OFSE revenue of $15,628 million increased $268 million, or 2%, in 2024 compared to 2023, driven by SSPS. From a geographical perspective, international revenue was $11,673 million, an increase of $428 million from 2023, primarily driven by the Europe/CIS/Sub-Saharan Africa regions, partially offset by the Latin America and Middle East/Asia regions. North America revenue was $3,955 million in 2024, a decrease of $161 million from 2023.
OFSE segment operating income was $1,988 million in 2024 compared to $1,746 million in 2023. The improved performance in 2024 was a result of higher price, cost-out initiatives, and, to a lesser extent, volume with higher proportionate growth in SSPS, partially offset by inflationary pressure.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 38
Industrial & Energy Technology
Year Ended December 31, $ Change
2024 2023 From 2023 to 2024
Revenue
Gas Technology Equipment $ 5,693 $ 4,232 $ 1,461
Gas Technology Services 2,797 2,600 197
Total Gas Technology 8,490 6,832 1,658
Industrial Products 2,040 1,962 78
Industrial Solutions 1,065 983 81
Controls (1)
- 41 (41)
Total Industrial Technology 3,105 2,987 118
Climate Technology Solutions 605 326 279
Total
12,201 10,145 2,055
Cost of goods and services sold
8,738 7,220 1,518
Research and development
383 373 10
Selling, general and administrative
1,250 1,242 8
Operating income
$ 1,830 $ 1,310 $ 520
Operating margin (2)
15.0 % 12.9 % 2.1pts
(1)The sale of our controls business was completed in April 2023.
(2)Operating margin is defined as operating income divided by revenue.
IET revenue of $12,201 million increased $2,055 million, or 20%, in 2024 compared to 2023. The increase was primarily in GTE, and, to a lesser extent, in Gas Technology Services, CTS and Industrial Technology.
IET segment operating income was $1,830 million in 2024 compared to $1,310 million in 2023. The improved performance in 2024 was driven by higher volume primarily from higher proportionate growth in GTE, price, and cost-out initiatives, partially offset by inflationary pressure.
Fiscal Year 2023 to Fiscal Year 2022
Revenue increased $4,350 million, or 21%, to $25.5 billion. OFSE increased $2,131 million and IET increased $2,219 million.
Selling, general and administrative cost increased $101 million, or 4%, to $2,611 million, and our Corporate costs, which are primarily reported within this financial measure, decreased $36 million, or 9%, to $380 million. These decreases were driven primarily by cost optimization initiatives, partially offset by inflationary pressure.
In 2023, restructuring, impairment, and other charges were $323 million reflecting costs to align the business with the Company's market outlook. In 2022, restructuring, impairment, and other charges were $705 million primarily associated with the discontinuation of our Russia operations, and costs to facilitate the reorganization into two segments.
Operating income increased $1,133 million, or 96%, to $2,317 million, driven primarily by: increased volume primarily from higher proportionate growth in GTE and SSPS, favorable price, and continued benefit of cost optimization initiatives, partially offset by inflationary pressure.
We recorded other non-operating income of $554 million in 2023, which included a net gain of $555 million from the change in fair value for certain equity investments. In 2022, we recorded $911 million of other non-operating losses primarily due to the loss of $451 million from the sale of part of the OFSE business in Russia and a loss of
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 39
$265 million from the change in fair value for certain equity investments. Additionally, in December 2022, the Company, Baker Hughes Holdings, LLC ("BHH LLC") and GE entered into an agreement which resulted in the termination of the Tax Matters Agreement, and as a result, we incurred a charge of $81 million.
Net interest expense incurred in 2023 was $216 million, which includes interest income of $84 million. Net interest expense decreased $36 million compared to 2022, primarily driven by higher interest income.
We recorded income taxes in 2023 and 2022 of $685 million and $600 million, respectively. The difference between the statutory tax rate and the effective tax rate in both years was impacted by income in jurisdictions with tax rates higher than in the U.S. and losses with no tax benefit due to valuation allowances. In addition, the above noted impact to the effective tax rate in 2023 was partially offset by income subject to U.S. tax at an effective rate less than 21% due to valuation allowances while the effective rate in 2022 was further impacted by restructuring charges for which a majority had no tax benefit.
Segment Revenues and Segment Operating Income
Oilfield Services & Equipment
Year Ended December 31,
$ Change
2023 2022 From 2022 to 2023
Revenue
Well Construction $ 4,387 $ 3,854 $ 533
Completions, Intervention, and Measurements
4,170 3,559 611
Production Solutions 3,854 3,587 267
Subsea & Surface Pressure Systems 2,950 2,230 720
Total
15,361 13,229 2,131
Cost of goods and services sold
12,282 10,789 1,492
Research and development
278 228 50
Selling, general and administrative
1,055 1,011 45
Operating income
$ 1,746 $ 1,201 $ 546
Operating margin (1)
11.4 % 9.1 % 2.3pts
(1)Operating margin is defined as operating income divided by revenue.
OFSE revenue of $15,361 million increased $2,131 million, or 16%, in 2023 compared to 2022, as a result of increased activity as evidenced by an increase in the global rig count. From a geographical perspective, international revenue was $11,245 million, an increase of $1,779 million from 2022, primarily driven by the Middle East/Asia and Latin America regions, partially offset by lower volume due to the discontinuation of our Russia operations that occurred in 2022. North America revenue was $4,116 million in 2023, an increase of $352 million from 2022.
OFSE segment operating income was $1,746 million in 2023 compared to $1,201 million in 2022. The improved performance in 2023 was primarily driven by higher volume, price and cost-out initiatives, partially offset by inflationary pressure and lower cost productivity.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 40
Industrial & Energy Technology
Year Ended December 31,
$ Change
2023 2022 From 2022 to 2023
Revenue
Gas Technology Equipment $ 4,232 $ 2,599 $ 1,633
Gas Technology Services 2,600 2,440 160
Total Gas Technology 6,832 5,039 1,793
Industrial Products 1,962 1,697 265
Industrial Solutions 983 884 99
Controls (1)
41 208 (167)
Total Industrial Technology 2,987 2,789 198
Climate Technology Solutions 326 98 228
Total
10,145 7,926 2,219
Cost of goods and services sold
7,220 5,342 1,878
Research and development
373 307 66
Selling, general and administrative
1,242 1,142 100
Operating income
$ 1,310 $ 1,135 $ 175
Operating margin (2)
12.9 % 14.3 % -1.4pts
(1)The sale of our controls business was completed in April 2023.
(2)Operating margin is defined as operating income divided by revenue.
IET revenue of $10,145 million increased $2,219 million, or 28%, in 2023 compared to 2022. The increase was primarily due to higher volume in Gas Technology Equipment and, to a lesser extent, in CTS, Industrial Technology and Gas Technology Services.
IET segment operating income was $1,310 million in 2023 compared to $1,135 million in 2022. The improved performance in 2023 was driven by higher volume primarily from higher proportionate growth in GTE, price and cost-out initiatives, partially offset by unfavorable cost productivity, inflationary pressure, and higher research and development costs related to new energy investments.
COMPLIANCE
In the conduct of all of our activities, we are committed to maintaining the core values of our Company, as well as high safety, ethical, and quality standards as also reported in our Quality Management System. We believe such a commitment is integral to running a sound, successful, and sustainable business. We devote significant resources to maintain a comprehensive global ethics and compliance program ("Compliance Program") which is designed to prevent, detect, and appropriately respond to any potential violations of the law, the Code of Conduct, and other Company policies and procedures.
Highlights of our Compliance Program include the following:
•Comprehensive internal policies over such areas as anti-bribery; travel, entertainment, gifts and charitable donations to government officials and other parties; payments to commercial sales representatives; and, the use of non-U.S. police or military organizations for security purposes. In addition, there are policies and procedures to address customs requirements, visa processing risks, export and re-export controls, economic sanctions, anti-money laundering and anti-boycott laws.
•Global and independent structure of Chief Compliance Officer and other compliance professionals providing compliance advice, customized training and governance, as well as investigating allegations across all regions and countries where we do business.
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•Comprehensive employee compliance training program that combines instructor-led and web-based training modules tailored to the key risks that employees face on an ongoing basis.
•Due diligence and monitoring procedures for third parties who conduct business on our behalf, including channel partners (sales representatives, distributors, resellers), and administrative service providers.
•Due diligence procedures for acquisition activities.
•Specifically tailored compliance risk assessments and audits focused on country and third party risk.
•Compliance Review Board comprised of senior officers of the Company that meets quarterly to monitor effectiveness of the Compliance Program, as well as segment compliance review boards that meet quarterly.
•Technology to monitor and report on compliance matters, including an internal investigations management system, a conflict of interest reporting and management system, a web-based anti-boycott reporting tool, global trade management systems and comprehensive watch list screening.
•Data privacy compliance policies and procedures to ensure compliance with applicable data privacy requirements.
•A compliance program designed to create an "Open Reporting Environment" where employees are encouraged to report any ethics or compliance matter without fear of retaliation, including a global network of trained employee ombudspersons, and a worldwide, 24-hour business helpline operated by a third party and available in approximately 200 languages.
•Centralized finance organization with company-wide policies.
•Anti-corruption audits of high-risk countries, as well as risk-based compliance audits of third parties.
•We have region-specific processes and procedures for management of HR related issues, including pre-hire screening of employees; a process to screen existing employees prior to promotion into select roles where they may be exposed to finance and/or corruption-related risks; and implementation of a global new hire training module which includes compliance training for all employees.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our objective in financing our business is to maintain sufficient liquidity, adequate financial resources, and financial flexibility in order to fund the requirements of our business. We continue to maintain solid financial strength and sufficient liquidity. At December 31, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $3.4 billion compared to $2.6 billion at December 31, 2023.
In the U.S. we held cash and cash equivalents of approximately $0.6 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and outside the U.S. of approximately $2.8 billion and $2.0 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. A substantial portion of the cash held outside the U.S. at December 31, 2024 has been reinvested in active non-U.S. business operations. If we decide at a later date to repatriate certain cash to the U.S., we may incur other additional taxes that would not be significant to the total tax provision.
We have a $3 billion committed unsecured revolving credit facility ("the Credit Agreement") with commercial banks maturing in November 2028. The Credit Agreement contains certain representations and warranties, certain affirmative covenants and negative covenants, in each case we consider customary. No related events of default have occurred. The Credit Agreement is fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by Baker Hughes. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no borrowings under the Credit Agreement.
Certain Senior Notes contain covenants that restrict our ability to take certain actions. See "Note 9. Debt" of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report for further details. At December 31, 2024, we were in compliance with all debt covenants. Our next debt maturity is December 2026.
We continuously review our liquidity and capital resources. If market conditions were to change, for instance due to the uncertainty created by geopolitical events, a global pandemic, or a significant decline in oil and gas
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prices, and our revenue was reduced significantly or operating costs were to increase significantly, our cash flows and liquidity could be negatively impacted. Additionally, it could cause the rating agencies to lower our credit ratings. There are no ratings triggers that would accelerate the maturity of any borrowings under our committed credit facility; however, a downgrade in our credit ratings could increase the cost of borrowings under the credit facility. Should this occur, we could seek alternative sources of funding, including borrowing under the credit facility.
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we dispersed cash to fund a variety of activities including certain working capital needs, capital expenditures, the payment of dividends, repayment of long-term debt, and repurchases of our common stock.
Cash Flows
Cash flows provided by (used in) each type of activity were as follows for the years ended December 31:
(In millions) 2024 2023 2022
Operating activities $ 3,332 $ 3,062 $ 1,888
Investing activities (1,016) (817) (1,564)
Financing activities (1,527) (2,028) (1,592)
Operating Activities
Cash flows provided by operating activities were $3,332 million, $3,062 million, and $1,888 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
Our largest source of operating cash is payments from customers, of which the largest component is collecting cash related to our sales of products and services, including advance payments or progress collections for work to be performed. The primary use of operating cash is to pay our suppliers, employees, tax authorities, and others for a wide range of goods and services.
Cash from operating activities is primarily generated from net income or loss adjusted for certain noncash items (including depreciation, amortization, gain or loss on equity securities, stock-based compensation cost, deferred tax benefit or provision, and the impairment of certain assets).
In 2024, net working capital cash generation was $7 million, mainly due to progress collections mostly offset by an increase in receivables, inventory, and contract assets as the business continues to expand. Included in the cash flows from operating activities in 2024 are payments of $217 million made primarily for employee severance as a result of our restructuring activities.
In 2023, net working capital cash generation was $42 million, mainly due to strong progress collections on equipment contracts, mostly offset by an increase in receivables and inventory due to expansion of the business.
In 2022, net working capital cash generation was $122 million primarily due to strong progress collections on equipment contracts and an increase in accounts payable, partially offset by the increase in receivables and inventory due to growth of the business.
Investing Activities
Cash flows used in investing activities were $1,016 million, $817 million, and $1,564 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
Our principal recurring investing activity is the funding of capital expenditures including property, plant and equipment ("PP&E") and software, to support and generate revenue from operations. Expenditures for capital assets were $1,278 million, $1,224 million, and $989 million for 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, partially offset by cash flows from the disposal of PP&E of $203 million, $208 million, and $217 million in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Proceeds from the disposal of assets are primarily related to equipment that was lost-in-hole, predominantly in OFSE, and PP&E no longer used in operations that was sold throughout the period.
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We had proceeds from the sale of certain equity securities of $92 million, $372 million, and $26 million in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
In 2023, we completed the acquisition of businesses for total cash consideration of $301 million, net of cash acquired, which consisted primarily of the acquisition of Altus Intervention in the OFSE segment. We also completed the sale of businesses and received total cash consideration of $293 million, which consisted primarily of the sale of our Nexus Controls business in the IET segment. In 2022, we completed the acquisition of businesses for total cash consideration of $767 million, net of cash acquired, including BRUSH Power Generation, Quest Integrity, AccessESP, and Mosaic Materials.
The Central Bank of Argentina maintains currency controls that limit our ability to access U.S. dollars and remit cash from our Argentine operations. There is an indirect foreign exchange mechanism known as a Blue Chip Swap that enables companies to transfer U.S. dollars out of and into Argentina, effectively at a parallel U.S. dollar exchange rate. In 2024 and 2023, we entered into transactions in order to remit cash from our Argentine operations resulting in a net loss and a net cash outflow of $7 million and $66 million, respectively, which is included in other investing activities.
Financing Activities
Cash flows used in financing activities were $1,527 million, $2,028 million, and $1,592 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
In 2024, we repaid long-term debt of $143 million primarily related to debentures that matured in the second quarter of 2024. In 2023, we repaid long-term debt of $651 million primarily related to certain senior notes that matured in December of 2023. Additionally, we increased our quarterly dividend by one cent to $0.21 per share during the first quarter of 2024. We paid dividends of $836 million, $786 million, and $726 million to our Class A stockholders in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
We repurchased and canceled 15.2 million, 16.3 million, and 29.7 million shares of Class A common stock for a total of $484 million, $538 million, and $828 million, for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
Cash Requirements
We believe cash on hand, cash flows from operating activities, the available revolving credit facility, access to our uncommitted lines of credit, and availability under our existing shelf registrations of debt will provide us with sufficient capital resources and liquidity in the short-term and long-term to manage our working capital needs, meet contractual obligations, fund capital expenditures and dividends, repay debt, repurchase our common stock, and support the development of our short-term and long-term operating strategies.
Our capital expenditures can be adjusted and managed by us to match market demand and activity levels. Based on current market conditions, capital expenditures in 2025 will be made at a rate that we estimate would equal up to 5% of annual revenue. The expenditures are expected to be used primarily for normal, recurring items necessary to support our business.
Based on our current outlook, we anticipate making income tax payments in the range of $1.0 billion to $1.1 billion in 2025.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
Our material cash commitments from known contractual and other obligations consist primarily of obligations for long-term debt and related interest, leases for property and equipment, and purchase obligations as part of normal operations. Certain amounts included in our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2024 are based on our estimates and assumptions about these obligations, including their duration, anticipated actions by third parties and other factors.
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See "Note 9. Debt" of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 herein for information regarding scheduled maturities of our long-term debt. See "Note 8. Leases" of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 herein for information regarding scheduled maturities of our operating leases.
As of December 31, 2024, we had expected cash payments for estimated interest on our long-term debt and finance lease obligations of $249 million payable within the next twelve months and $2,468 million payable thereafter.
As of December 31, 2024, we had purchase obligations of $1,855 million payable within the next twelve months and $679 million payable thereafter. Our purchase obligations include expenditures for capital assets for 2025 as well as agreements to purchase goods or services or licenses that are enforceable and legally binding and that specify all significant terms, including: fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum or variable price provisions; and the approximate timing of the transaction.
Due to the uncertainty with respect to the timing of potential future cash outflows associated with our uncertain tax positions, we are unable to make reasonable estimates of the period of cash settlement, if any, to the respective taxing authorities. Therefore, $602 million in uncertain tax positions, including interest and penalties, have been excluded from the contractual obligations discussed above. See "Note 11. Income Taxes" of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 herein for further information.
Other Factors Affecting Liquidity
Registration Statement: In December 2023, Baker Hughes, together with BHH LLC and Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc. filed a universal automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3ASR with the SEC to have the ability to sell various types of securities including debt securities, Class A common stock, preferred stock, guarantees of debt securities, purchase contracts and units. The specific terms of any securities to be sold will be described in supplemental filings with the SEC. There were no sales of such securities during the year ended December 31, 2024. The registration statement will expire in December 2026.
Customer receivables: In line with industry practice, we may bill our customers for services provided in arrears dependent upon contractual terms. In a challenging economic environment, we may experience delays in the payment of our invoices due to customers' lower cash flow from operations or their more limited access to credit markets. While historically there have not been material non-payment events, we attempt to mitigate this risk through working with our customers to restructure their debts. With regard to our primary customer in Mexico, there have not historically been any material losses due to uncollectible accounts receivable, nor are any such balances currently in dispute. During 2024, the Company issued credit default swaps ("CDS") in the total of $553 million to third-party financial institutions. The CDS relate to borrowings provided by these financial institutions to our primary customer in Mexico who utilized these borrowings to pay certain of the Company's outstanding receivables. The total notional amount remaining on the issued CDS was $412 million as of December 31, 2024, which will reduce each month through September 2026 as the customer repays the borrowings. The fair value of these derivative liabilities is not material.
A customer's failure or delay in payment could have a material adverse effect on our short-term liquidity and results of operations. As of December 31, 2024, 16% of our gross customer receivables were from customers in the U.S. and 10% were from customers in Mexico. As of December 31, 2023, 19% of our gross customer receivables were from customers in the U.S. and 11% were from customers in Mexico. No other country accounted for more than 10% of our gross customer receivables at this date.
International operations: Our cash that is held outside the U.S. is 82% of the total cash balance as of December 31, 2024. Depending on the jurisdiction or country where this cash is held, we may not be able to use this cash quickly and efficiently due to exchange or cash controls that could make it challenging. As a result, our cash balance may not represent our ability to quickly and efficiently use this cash.
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Guarantor Financial Information
We guarantee various senior unsecured notes and senior unsecured debentures (collectively, the "Debt Securities") outstanding with an aggregate principal amount of $5,797 million as of December 31, 2024, with maturities ranging from 2026 to 2047. The Debt Securities constitute debt obligations of BHH LLC, an indirect, 100% owned subsidiary and the primary operating company of Baker Hughes, and Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc, a 100% owned finance subsidiary of BHH LLC (together with BHH LLC, the "Issuers") that was incorporated for the sole purpose of serving as a corporate co-obligor of debt securities. The Debt Securities are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Company and rank equally in right of payment with all of the Company's other senior and unsecured debt obligations. However, because these obligations are not secured, they would be effectively subordinated to any existing or future secured indebtedness of Baker Hughes and the Issuers.
As required under SEC Rule 13-01, we have included summarized financial information for the Issuers because the combined assets, liabilities, and results of operations of the Issuers are materially different than the corresponding amounts in our consolidated financial statements due to the release of a valuation allowance for certain deferred tax assets.
Year Ended
December 31,
Summarized Income Statement data (In millions)
Revenues
$ 27,829
Costs and expenses
24,747
Net income
2,645
Net income attributable to Baker Hughes Company
2,615
December 31,
Summarized Balance Sheet data (In millions)
2024 2023
Current assets $ 17,268 $ 16,305
Noncurrent assets 20,912 20,716
Current liabilities 12,888 12,910
Noncurrent liabilities 8,317 8,445
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
An accounting policy is deemed to be critical if the nature of the estimate or assumption it incorporates is subject to a material level of judgment related to matters that are highly uncertain and changes in those estimates and assumptions are reasonably likely to materially impact our consolidated financial statements. These estimates reflect our best judgment about current, and for some estimates, future, economic and market conditions and their potential effects based on information available as of the date of these financial statements. If these conditions change from those expected, it is reasonably possible that the judgments and estimates described below could change, which may result in future impairments of goodwill, or the establishment of valuation allowances on deferred tax assets and increased tax liabilities, among other effects. Also, see "Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 herein, which discusses our most significant accounting policies.
The Audit Committee of the Board has reviewed our critical accounting estimates and the disclosure presented below. During the past three fiscal years, we have not made any material changes in the methodology used to establish the critical accounting estimates, and we believe that the following are the critical accounting estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024. There are other items within our consolidated financial statements that require estimation and judgment, but they are not deemed critical as defined above.
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Revenue Recognition on Long-Term Product Services Agreements
We have long-term service agreements with our customers, primarily within our IET segment. These agreements typically require us to maintain assets sold to the customer over a defined contract term. These agreements have an average contract term of greater than 10 years. From time to time, these contract terms may be extended through contract modifications or amendments, which may result in revisions to future billing and cost estimates. Revenue recognition on long-term product services agreements requires estimates of both customer payments and the costs to perform required maintenance services over the contract term. We recognize revenue on an over time basis using input methods to measure our progress toward completion at the estimated margin rate of the contract.
To develop our billing estimates, we consider the number of billable events that will occur based on estimated utilization of the asset under contract, over the life of the contract term. This estimated utilization will consider both historical and market conditions, asset retirements and new product introductions, if applicable.
To develop our cost estimates, we consider the timing and extent of maintenance and overhaul events, including the amount and cost of labor, spare parts and other resources required to perform the services. In developing our cost estimates, we utilize a combination of our historical cost experience and expected cost improvements. Cost improvements are only included in future cost estimates after savings have been observed in actual results or proven effective through an extensive regulatory or engineering approval process.
We routinely review the estimates used in our product services agreements and regularly revise them to adjust for changes. These revisions are based on objectively verifiable information that is available at the time of the review. We gain insight into expected future utilization and cost trends, as well as credit risk, through our knowledge of the equipment installed and the close interaction with our customers through supplying critical services and parts over extended periods.
Revisions to cost or billing estimates may affect a product services agreement's total estimated profitability resulting in an adjustment of earnings; such adjustments generated earnings of $(11) million, $15 million and $20 million for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We provide for potential losses on any of these agreements when it is probable that we will incur the loss. Cash billings collected on these contracts were approximately $0.6 billion during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Our contracts (on average) are approximately 11% complete based on costs incurred to date and our estimate of future costs.
Revenue Recognition on Sale of Customized Equipment
We recognize revenue on agreements for sales of equipment manufactured to unique customer specifications including long-term construction projects, on an over time basis utilizing cost inputs as the measurement criteria in assessing the progress toward completion. Our estimation of the total costs required to fulfill our promise to a customer is generally based on our history of manufacturing similar assets for customers. This estimation of cost is critical to our revenue recognition process and is updated routinely to reflect changes in quantity or cost of the inputs. In certain projects, the underlying technology or promise to the customer is unique to what we have historically promised, and reliably estimating the total cost to fulfill the promise to the customer requires a significant level of judgment. We provide for potential losses on any of these agreements when it is probable that we will incur the loss. The total revenue recognized for the sale of equipment on an over time basis during the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $8.5 billion, $6.1 billion, and $4.2 billion, respectively.
Goodwill and Other Long-Lived Assets
We perform an annual impairment test of goodwill for each of our reporting units as of July 1, or more frequently when circumstances indicate an impairment may exist at the reporting unit level. When performing the annual impairment test, we have the option of first performing a qualitative assessment to determine the existence of events and circumstances that would lead to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the existence of events and circumstances, we determine it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount, there is no need to perform any further testing. However, if we conclude otherwise, we would be required to perform a quantitative impairment assessment of goodwill, which involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions
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and typically requires analysis of discounted cash flows and other market information, such as trading multiples, and comparable transactions.
Other long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment and identifiable finite-lived intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable, and at least annually for indefinite-lived intangible assets. When testing for impairment, we group our long-lived assets with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. The determination of recoverability is made based upon the estimated undiscounted future net cash flows, which involves significant estimates and judgments on the part of management.
The determination of whether goodwill and other long-lived assets are impaired involves a significant level of judgment and estimation, and changes in our forecasts, business strategy, government regulations, or economic or market conditions, among other things, could significantly impact these judgments, potentially decreasing the fair value of one or more reporting units or long-lived assets. Any resulting impairment charges could have a material impact on our results of operations.
Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate is based on our income, statutory tax rates, and differences between tax laws and U.S. GAAP in various jurisdictions. Tax laws are complex and subject to different interpretations by the taxpayer and respective governmental taxing authorities. Our rate may be further impacted by the repatriation of foreign earnings that are considered indefinitely reinvested to the extent the repatriation would result in additional taxes such as withholding and income taxes. Indefinite reinvestment is determined by management’s judgment and intentions concerning the future operations of the Company. In cases where repatriation would otherwise incur significant withholding or income taxes, these foreign earnings have been indefinitely reinvested in active non-U.S. business operations. Computation of the potential deferred tax liability associated with these undistributed earnings and any other basis differences is not practicable.
Deferred income tax assets represent amounts available to reduce income taxes payable in future years. We routinely assess the recoverability of such assets, weighing available positive and negative evidence and recording a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the assets will not be realized. In undertaking such assessment, we first look to objective and verifiable evidence, the nature and severity of cumulative pretax losses, if any, based on a rolling three-year period, recent earnings history and associated trends or changes, and the nature of temporary differences, including predictability of reversal patterns and duration of carryforward. We then also evaluate other evidence such as projected financial results, sensitivity of such results to external factors or changes in assumptions, and prudent and readily available tax planning strategies that may alter the timing of reversal of the temporary differences. While we consider all available positive and negative evidence, certain objectively verifiable categories of evidence carry more weight in the analysis. For example, concluding that a valuation allowance is not required is difficult when there is significant negative evidence that is objective and verifiable, such as cumulative losses in recent years. While this would not be the sole determinate of the need for a valuation allowance, it does carry greater weight within the broader assessment when alongside other, more subjective evidence, including projections for future growth.
Our tax filings routinely are subject to audit by the tax authorities in the jurisdictions where we conduct business. These audits may result in assessments of additional taxes that are resolved with the tax authorities or through the courts. We have provided for the amounts we believe will ultimately result from these proceedings, but settlements of issues raised in these audits may affect our tax rate. We have $455 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, at December 31, 2024. We are not able to reasonably estimate in which future periods these amounts ultimately will be settled.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The estimation of anticipated credit losses that may be incurred as we work through the invoice collection process with our customers requires us to make judgments and estimates regarding our customers' ability to pay amounts due to us. We monitor our customers' payment history and current creditworthiness to determine that collectability is reasonably assured. We also consider the overall business climate in which our customers operate.
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For accounts receivable, a loss allowance matrix is utilized to measure lifetime expected credit losses. The matrix contemplates historical credit losses by age of receivables, adjusted for any forward-looking information and management expectations. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the allowance for credit losses totaled $232 million and $350 million of total gross accounts receivable, respectively. We believe that our allowance for credit losses is adequate to cover the anticipated credit losses under current conditions; however, uncertainties regarding changes in the financial condition of our customers, either adverse or positive, could impact the amount and timing of any additional credit losses that may be required.
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS TO BE ADOPTED
See "Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 herein for further discussion of accounting standards to be adopted.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
See "Note 18. Related Party Transactions" of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 herein for further discussion of related party transactions.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Form 10-K, including MD&A and certain statements in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (each a "forward-looking statement"). All statements, other than historical facts, including statements regarding the presentation of the Company's operations in future reports and any assumptions underlying any of the foregoing, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements concern future circumstances and results and other statements that are not historical facts and are sometimes identified by the words "may," "will," "should," "potential," "intend," "expect," "would," "seek," "anticipate," "estimate," "overestimate," "underestimate," "believe," "could," "project," "predict," "continue," "target," "goal" or other similar words or expressions. Forward-looking statements are based upon current plans, estimates and expectations that are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those indicated or anticipated by such forward-looking statements. The inclusion of such statements should not be regarded as a representation that such plans, estimates or expectations will be achieved. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from such plans, estimates or expectations include, among others, the risk factors identified in the "Risk Factors" section of Part 1 of Item 1A of this Form 10-K and those set forth from time-to-time in other filings by the Company with the SEC. These documents are available through our website or through the SEC's Electronic Data Gathering and Analysis Retrieval (EDGAR) system at http://www.sec.gov.
Any forward-looking statements speak only as of this Annual Report. The Company does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information or developments, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to certain market risks that are inherent in our financial instruments and arise from changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We may enter into derivative financial instrument transactions to manage or reduce market risk, but do not enter into derivative financial instrument transactions for speculative purposes. A discussion of our primary market risk exposure in financial instruments is presented below.
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INTEREST RATE RISK
All of our long-term debt is comprised of fixed rate instruments. We are subject to interest rate risk on our debt and investment portfolio. As of December 31, 2024, we had interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $500 million that converted a portion of our $1,350 million aggregate principal amount of 3.337% fixed rate Senior Notes due 2027 into a floating rate instrument with an interest rate based on a Secured Overnight Financing Rate index. The interest rate swaps are designated and each qualify as a fair value hedging instrument. The interest rate swaps are considered to be effective at achieving offsetting changes in the fair value of the hedged liability, and no ineffectiveness is recognized. The mark-to-market of this fair value hedge was recorded as a gain or loss in interest expense and was equally offset by the gain or loss of the underlying debt instrument, which also was recorded in interest expense.
The following table sets forth our fixed rate long-term debt, excluding finance leases, and the related weighted average interest rates by expected maturity dates.
(In millions) 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Thereafter Total (2)
As of December 31, 2024
Long-term debt (1)
$ - $ 600 $ 1,350 $ - $ 760 $ 2,996 $ 5,706
Weighted average interest rates
- % 2.35 % 5.36 % - % 3.45 % 4.21 % 4.18 %
(1)Fair market value of our fixed rate long-term debt, excluding finance leases, was $5.3 billion at December 31, 2024.
(2)Amounts represent the principal value of our long-term debt outstanding and related weighted average interest rates at the end of the respective period.
FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE RISK
We conduct our operations around the world in a number of different currencies, and we are exposed to market risks resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. Many of our significant foreign subsidiaries have designated the local currency as their functional currency. As such, future earnings are subject to change due to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates when transactions are denominated in currencies other than our functional currencies.
Additionally, we buy, manufacture and sell components and products across global markets. These activities expose us to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and interest rates which can adversely affect revenue earned and costs of our operating businesses. When the currency in which equipment is sold differs from the primary currency of the legal entity and the exchange rate fluctuates, it will affect the revenue earned on the sale. These sales and purchase transactions also create receivables and payables denominated in foreign currencies and exposure to foreign currency gains and losses based on changes in exchange rates. Changes in the price of raw materials used in manufacturing can affect the cost of manufacturing. We use derivatives to mitigate or eliminate these exposures, where appropriate.
We use cash flow hedging primarily to reduce or eliminate the effects of foreign currency exchange rate changes on purchase and sale contracts. Accordingly, most derivative activity in this category consists of currency exchange contracts. We had outstanding foreign currency forward contracts with notional amounts aggregating $3.0 billion and $3.6 billion to hedge exposure to currency fluctuations in various foreign currencies at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The notional amounts of these derivative instruments do not generally represent cash amounts exchanged by us and the counterparties, but rather the nominal amount upon which changes in the value of the derivatives are measured.
As of December 31, 2024, the Company estimates that a 1% appreciation or depreciation in the U.S. dollar would result in an impact of less than $15 million to our pre-tax earnings; however, the Company is generally able to mitigate its foreign exchange exposure, where there are liquid financial markets, through use of foreign currency derivative transactions. Also, see "Note 15. Financial Instruments" of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 herein, which has additional details on our strategy.
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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over our financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f). Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the 2013 framework in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our assessment, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2024. This conclusion is based on the recognition that there are inherent limitations in all systems of internal control. Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
KPMG LLP, the Company's independent registered public accounting firm, has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ LORENZO SIMONELLI
Lorenzo Simonelli
Chairman, President and
Chief Executive Officer
/s/ NANCY BUESE
Nancy Buese
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
/s/ REBECCA CHARLTON
Rebecca Charlton
Senior Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer
Houston, Texas
February 4, 2025
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 51
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Baker Hughes Company:
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Baker Hughes Company and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of income (loss), comprehensive income (loss), changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated February 4, 2025 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Revenue recognition on certain agreements for sales of equipment manufactured to unique customer specifications
As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company enters into agreements for sales of equipment manufactured to unique customer specifications on an over time basis. Revenue from these types of contracts is recognized to the extent of progress towards completion measured by actual costs incurred relative to total expected costs. The Company provides for potential losses on these types of contracts when it is probable that a loss will be incurred.
We identified revenue recognition for certain contracts from the sales of equipment manufactured to unique customer specifications as a critical audit matter. Complex auditor judgment was required in evaluating the Company's long-term estimates of the expected costs to be incurred in order to complete these contracts.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 52
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the Company's revenue recognition process for sales of equipment manufactured to unique customer specifications. This included controls pertaining to the Company's estimation of costs expected to be incurred to complete contracts for sales of equipment manufactured to unique customer specifications. We evaluated the Company's ability to accurately estimate costs expected to be incurred to complete the contracts for sales of equipment manufactured to unique customer specifications. We evaluated the estimated costs expected to be incurred to complete the equipment manufactured to unique customer specifications for the contracts by:
-questioning the Company's finance and project managers regarding progress to date based on the latest project reports and the costs expected to be incurred until completion;
-observing project review meetings performed by the Company or inspecting relevant minutes of those meetings to identify changes in the estimated costs expected to be incurred to complete the contract and related contract margins;
-assessing the remaining estimated costs expected to be incurred by expenditure category by comparing to the actual costs incurred during the current year for the selected project; and
-investigating changes to the contract margin when compared to the prior year's estimated contract margin.
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2017.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Houston, Texas
February 4, 2025
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 53
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Baker Hughes Company:
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited Baker Hughes Company and subsidiaries' (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated statements of financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of income (loss), comprehensive income (loss), changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated February 4, 2025 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Houston, Texas
February 4, 2025
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 54
BAKER HUGHES COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS)
Year Ended December 31,
(In millions, except per share amounts) 2024 2023 2022
Revenue:
Sales of goods $ 17,810 $ 15,617 $ 12,236
Sales of services 10,019 9,889 8,920
Total revenue 27,829 25,506 21,156
Costs and expenses:
Cost of goods sold 14,792 13,309 10,445
Cost of services sold 7,197 6,946 6,311
Selling, general and administrative 2,458 2,611 2,510
Restructuring, impairment and other 301 323 705
Total costs and expenses 24,748 23,189 19,971
Operating income 3,081 2,317 1,185
Other non-operating income (loss), net 382 554 (911)
Interest expense, net (198) (216) (252)
Income before income taxes 3,265 2,655 22
Provision for income taxes (257) (685) (600)
Net income (loss) 3,008 1,970 (578)
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
29 27 23
Net income (loss) attributable to Baker Hughes Company $ 2,979 $ 1,943 $ (601)
Per share amounts:
Basic income (loss) per Class A common share
$ 3.00 $ 1.93 $ (0.61)
Diluted income (loss) per Class A common share $ 2.98 $ 1.91 $ (0.61)
Cash dividend per Class A common share $ 0.84 $ 0.78 $ 0.73
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 55
BAKER HUGHES COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Year Ended December 31,
(In millions)
2024 2023 2022
Net income (loss) $ 3,008 $ 1,970 $ (578)
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
29 27 23
Net income (loss) attributable to Baker Hughes Company 2,979 1,943 (601)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments
(350) 153 (269)
Cash flow hedges
(1) 3 2
Benefit plans
(14) 19 (14)
Other comprehensive income (loss) (365) 175 (281)
Less: Other comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests - - (3)
Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Baker Hughes Company (365) 175 (278)
Comprehensive income (loss)
2,643 2,145 (859)
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests
29 27 20
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Baker Hughes Company
$ 2,614 $ 2,118 $ (879)
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 56
BAKER HUGHES COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
December 31,
(In millions, except par value) 2024 2023
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 3,364 $ 2,646
Current receivables, net 7,122 7,075
Inventories, net 4,954 5,094
All other current assets 1,771 1,486
Total current assets 17,211 16,301
Property, plant and equipment, less accumulated depreciation 5,127 4,893
Goodwill 6,078 6,137
Other intangible assets, net 3,951 4,093
Contract and other deferred assets 1,730 1,756
Deferred income tax assets
1,284 722
All other assets 2,982 3,043
Total assets $ 38,363 $ 36,945
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 4,542 $ 4,471
Short-term and current portion of long-term debt 53 148
Progress collections and deferred income 5,672 5,542
All other current liabilities 2,724 2,830
Total current liabilities 12,991 12,991
Long-term debt 5,970 5,872
Liabilities for pensions and other postretirement benefits 988 978
Deferred income tax liabilities
83 176
All other liabilities 1,276 1,409
Equity:
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value - 2,000 authorized, 990 and 998 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively
- -
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value - 1,250 authorized, nil issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and 2023
- -
Capital in excess of par value 25,896 26,983
Retained loss (5,840) (8,819)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (3,161) (2,796)
Baker Hughes Company equity 16,895 15,368
Noncontrolling interests 160 151
Total equity 17,055 15,519
Total liabilities and equity $ 38,363 $ 36,945
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 57
BAKER HUGHES COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(In millions, except per share amounts) Class A and Class B Common Stock Capital in Excess of Par Value Retained Earnings (Loss) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Non-controlling Interests Total
Balance at December 31, 2021 - $ 27,375 $ (10,160) $ (2,385) $ 1,916 $ 16,746
Comprehensive loss:
Net income (loss)
(601) 23 (578)
Other comprehensive loss (278) (3) (281)
Dividends on Class A Common Stock ($0.73 per share)
(726) (726)
Effect of exchange of Class B common stock and associated BHH LLC Units for Class A common stock 2,060 (309) (1,751) -
Repurchase and cancellation of Class A common stock (823) 1 (6) (828)
Stock-based compensation cost 207 207
Other 33 (48) (15)
Balance at December 31, 2022 - 28,126 (10,761) (2,971) 131 14,525
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income
1,943 27 1,970
Other comprehensive income
175 175
Dividends on Class A Common Stock ($0.78 per share)
(786) (786)
Repurchase and cancellation of Class A common stock (538) (538)
Stock-based compensation cost 197 197
Other (16) (1) (7) (24)
Balance at December 31, 2023 - 26,983 (8,819) (2,796) 151 15,519
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income
2,979 29 3,008
Other comprehensive loss
(365) (365)
Dividends on Class A Common Stock ($0.84 per share)
(836) (836)
Repurchase and cancellation of Class A common stock (484) (484)
Stock-based compensation cost 202 202
Other 31 (20) 11
Balance at December 31, 2024 - $ 25,896 $ (5,840) $ (3,161) $ 160 $ 17,055
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 58
BAKER HUGHES COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Year Ended December 31,
(In millions) 2024 2023 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss) $ 3,008 $ 1,970 $ (578)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flows from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 1,136 1,087 1,061
(Benefit) provision for deferred income taxes
(671) (59) 105
(Gain) loss on equity securities
(367) (555) 265
Stock-based compensation cost 202 197 207
Property, plant and equipment impairment, net 77 (1) 166
(Gain) loss on business dispositions
- (40) 451
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Current receivables (159) (986) (625)
Inventories (102) (461) (885)
Accounts payable 91 61 605
Progress collections and deferred income 273 1,639 1,103
Contract and other deferred assets (96) (211) (76)
Other operating items, net (60) 421 89
Net cash flows provided by operating activities
3,332 3,062 1,888
Cash flows from investing activities:
Expenditures for capital assets (1,278) (1,224) (989)
Proceeds from disposal of assets 203 208 217
Proceeds from sale of equity securities
92 372 26
Proceeds from business dispositions - 293 -
Net cash paid for acquisitions - (301) (767)
Other investing items, net (33) (165) (51)
Net cash flows used in investing activities (1,016) (817) (1,564)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayment of long-term debt
(143) (651) -
Dividends paid (836) (786) (726)
Repurchase of Class A common stock (484) (538) (828)
Other financing items, net (64) (53) (38)
Net cash flows used in financing activities
(1,527) (2,028) (1,592)
Effect of currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (71) (59) (97)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 718 158 (1,365)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 2,646 2,488 3,853
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 3,364 $ 2,646 $ 2,488
Supplemental cash flows disclosures:
Income taxes paid, net of refunds $ 1,040 $ 595 $ 498
Interest paid $ 298 $ 309 $ 291
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 59
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS
Baker Hughes Company ("Baker Hughes," "the Company," "we," "us," or "our") is an energy technology company with a diversified portfolio of technologies and services that span the energy and industrial value chain.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S." and such principles, "U.S. GAAP") and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for annual financial information. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Baker Hughes and all of its subsidiaries and affiliates which it controls or variable interest entities for which the Company has determined it is the primary beneficiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
In the Company's consolidated financial statements and notes, certain amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current year presentation. In the notes to the consolidated financial statements, all dollar and share amounts in tabulations are in millions of dollars and shares, respectively, unless otherwise indicated. Certain columns and rows in the financial statements and notes thereto may not add due to the use of rounded numbers.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of any contingent assets or liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions and information that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Estimates and assumptions about future events and their effects cannot be perceived with certainty, and accordingly, these estimates may change as new events occur, as more experience is acquired, as additional information is obtained and as the Company's operating environment changes. While the Company believes that the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements are appropriate, actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates are used for, but are not limited to, determining the following: allowance for credit losses and inventory valuation reserves; recoverability of long-lived assets; revenue recognition on long-term contracts; valuation of goodwill; useful lives used in depreciation and amortization; income taxes and related valuation allowances; accruals for contingencies; actuarial assumptions to determine costs and liabilities related to employee benefit plans; stock-based compensation expense; valuation of derivatives; and the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in acquisitions.
Foreign Currency
Assets and liabilities of non-U.S. operations with a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar have been translated into U.S. dollars using the Company's period-end exchange rates, and revenue, expenses, and cash flows have been translated at average rates for the respective periods. Any resulting translation gains and losses are included in other comprehensive income (loss). The impact of remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the Company or its subsidiaries is included in the consolidated statements of income (loss).
Revenue from Sale of Equipment
Performance Obligations Satisfied Over Time
The Company recognizes revenue on agreements for sales of equipment manufactured to unique customer specifications including long-term construction projects, on an over time basis, utilizing cost inputs as the
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 60
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
measurement criteria in assessing the progress toward completion. The Company's estimate of costs to be incurred to fulfill its promise to a customer is based on the Company's history of manufacturing similar assets for customers and is updated routinely to reflect changes in quantity or pricing of the inputs. The Company begins to recognize revenue on these contracts when the contract specific inventory becomes customized for a customer, which is reflective of its initial transfer of control of the incurred costs. The Company provides for potential losses on any of these agreements when it is probable that it will incur the loss.
The Company's billing terms for these over time contracts vary, but are generally based on achieving specified milestones. The differences between the timing of the Company's revenue recognized (based on costs incurred) and customer billings (based on contractual terms) results in changes to its contract asset or contract liability positions.
Performance Obligations Satisfied at a Point In Time
The Company recognizes revenue for non-customized equipment at the point in time that the customer obtains control of the good. Equipment for which the Company recognizes revenue at a point in time includes equipment manufactured on a standardized basis for sale to the market. The Company uses proof of delivery for certain large equipment with more complex logistics associated with the shipment, whereas the delivery of other equipment is generally determined based on historical data of transit times between regions.
On occasion the Company sells equipment with a right of return. The Company uses its accumulated experience to estimate and provide for such returns when it records the sale. In situations where arrangements include customer acceptance provisions based on seller or customer-specified objective criteria, the Company recognizes revenue when it has concluded that the customer has control of the equipment and that acceptance has or is likely to occur.
The Company's billing terms for these point in time equipment contracts vary, but are generally based on shipment of the equipment to the customer.
Revenue from Sale of Services
Performance Obligations Satisfied Over Time
The Company sells product services under long-term product maintenance or extended warranty agreements in the Industrial & Energy Technology ("IET") segment. These agreements require the Company to maintain the customers' assets over the service agreement contract terms, which generally range from 10 to 20 years. In general, these are contractual arrangements to provide services, repairs, and maintenance of a covered unit (gas turbines for mechanical drive or power generation, primarily on liquefied natural gas ("LNG") applications). These services are performed at various times during the life of the contract, thus the costs of performing services are incurred on an other than straight-line basis. The Company recognizes related sales based on the extent of its progress toward completion measured by actual costs incurred in relation to total expected costs. The Company provides for any loss that it expects to incur on any of these agreements when that loss becomes probable. The Company utilizes historical customer data, prior product performance data, statistical analysis, third-party data, and internal management estimates to calculate contract-specific margins. In certain contracts, the total transaction price is variable based on customer utilization, which is excluded from the contract margin until the period that the customer has utilized to appropriately reflect the revenue activity in the period earned. In addition, revenue for certain oilfield services is recognized on an over time basis as performed.
The Company's billing terms for these contracts are generally based on asset utilization (i.e. usage per hour) or the occurrence of a major maintenance event within the contract. The differences between the timing of the Company's revenue recognized (based on costs incurred) and customer billings (based on contractual terms) results in changes to its contract asset or contract liability positions.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 61
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Performance Obligations Satisfied at a Point In Time
The Company sells certain tangible products, largely spare equipment, through its services business. The Company recognizes revenue for this equipment at the point in time that the customer obtains control of the good, which is at the point in time the Company delivers the spare part to the customer. The Company's billing terms for these point in time service contracts vary, but are generally based on shipment of the equipment to the customer.
Research and Development
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and relate to the research and development of new products and services. Research and development costs were $643 million, $651 million, and $552 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, net of related funding received from third parties. Research and development expenses are reported in "Cost of goods sold" and "Cost of services sold" in the consolidated statements of income (loss).
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less are included in cash equivalents unless designated as available-for-sale and classified as investment securities.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The Company monitors its customers' payment history and current creditworthiness to determine that collectability of the related financial assets is reasonably assured. The Company also considers the overall business climate in which its customers operate. The Company does not generally require collateral in support of its current receivables, but it may require payment in advance or security in the form of a letter of credit or a bank guarantee. For accounts receivable, a loss allowance matrix is utilized to measure lifetime expected credit losses. The matrix contemplates historical credit losses by age of receivables, adjusted for any forward-looking information and management expectations.
Inventories
All inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable values and they are measured on a first-in, first-out ("FIFO") basis or average cost basis. As necessary, the Company records provisions and maintains reserves for excess, slow moving and obsolete inventory. To determine these reserve amounts, the Company regularly reviews inventory quantities on hand and compares them to estimates of future product demand, market conditions, production requirements and technological developments.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment ("PP&E") is initially stated at cost and is depreciated over its estimated economic life. Subsequently, PP&E is measured at cost less accumulated depreciation, which is generally provided by using the straight-line method over the estimated economic lives of the individual assets, and impairment losses. The Company manufactures a substantial portion of its tools and equipment in the Oilfield Services & Equipment ("OFSE") segment and the cost of these items, which includes direct and indirect manufacturing costs, is capitalized in inventory and subsequently moved to PP&E.
Goodwill and Other Long-Lived Assets
The Company performs an annual impairment test of goodwill on a qualitative or quantitative basis for each of the reporting units as of July 1, in conjunction with its annual strategic planning process, or more frequently when circumstances indicate an impairment may exist at the reporting unit level. When performing the annual impairment test, the Company has the option of first performing a qualitative assessment to determine the existence of events and circumstances that would lead to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If such a conclusion is reached, the Company would then be required to perform a quantitative impairment assessment of goodwill. However, if the assessment leads to a determination that
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 62
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount, then no further assessments are required. A quantitative assessment for the determination of impairment is made by comparing the carrying amount of each reporting unit with its fair value, which is generally calculated using a combination of market, comparable transactions and discounted cash flow approaches. Potential impairment indicators include, but are not limited to, (i) the results of the Company's most recent annual or interim impairment testing, in particular the magnitude of the excess of fair value over carrying value observed; (ii) downward revisions to internal forecasts, and the magnitude thereof, if any; and (iii) declines in the Company's market capitalization below its book value, and the magnitude and duration of those declines, if any.
The Company amortizes the cost of other intangible assets over their estimated useful lives unless such lives are deemed indefinite. The cost of intangible assets is generally amortized on a straight-line basis over the asset's estimated economic life.
The Company reviews PP&E, intangible assets and certain other long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable, and at least annually for indefinite-lived intangible assets. When testing for impairment, the Company groups its long-lived assets with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities (or asset group). The determination of recoverability is made based upon the estimated undiscounted future net cash flows. The amount of impairment loss, if any, is determined by comparing the fair value, as determined by a discounted cash flow analysis, with the carrying value of the related assets.
Leases
The Company enters into various contractual arrangements for the right to use facilities and equipment. At contract inception, management evaluates whether each of these arrangements contains a lease and classifies all identified leases as either operating or finance. If the arrangement is subsequently modified, the classification is re-evaluated. Upon commencement of the lease, management recognizes a lease liability and corresponding right-of-use ("ROU") asset. Lease assets are tested for impairment in the same manner as other long-lived assets.
Financial Instruments
The Company's financial instruments include cash and equivalents, current receivables, investments, accounts payables, short and long-term debt, and derivative financial instruments.
The Company monitors its exposure to various business risks including commodity prices, interest rates, and foreign currency exchange rates, and it regularly uses derivative financial instruments to manage these risks. At the inception of a new derivative, the Company designates the derivative as a hedge, or it determines the derivative to be undesignated as a hedging instrument. The Company documents the relationships between the hedging instruments and the hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. The Company assesses whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flows of the hedged item at both the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis.
The Company records all derivatives as of the end of its reporting period in the consolidated statements of financial position at fair value. For the forward contracts held as undesignated hedging instruments, the Company records the changes in fair value in the consolidated statements of income (loss) along with the change in the fair value, related to foreign exchange movements, of the hedged item. Changes in the fair value of forward contracts designated as cash flow hedging instruments are recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings.
Fair Value Measurements
For financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, fair value is the price the Company would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction with a market participant at the measurement date. In the absence of active markets for the identical assets or liabilities, such measurements involve developing assumptions based on market observable data and, in the absence of such data,
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 63
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
internal information that is consistent with what market participants would use in a hypothetical transaction that occurs at the measurement date.
Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our market assumptions. Preference is given to observable inputs and the Company maintains policies and procedures to identify, monitor and assess the reasonableness of these inputs to the valuation. These two types of inputs create the following fair value hierarchy:
•Level 1 - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
•Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.
•Level 3 - Significant inputs to the valuation model are unobservable.
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
Derivatives
When the Company has Level 1 derivatives, which are traded either on exchanges or liquid markets, the Company uses closing prices for valuation. The majority of the Company's derivatives are valued using internal models and are included in Level 2. These internal models maximize the use of market observable inputs including interest rate curves and both forward and spot prices for currencies and commodities. Derivative assets and liabilities included in Level 2 primarily represent foreign currency and commodity forward contracts for the Company.
Investments in Debt and Equity Securities
When available, the Company uses quoted market prices to determine the fair value of investment securities, and they are included in Level 1. Level 1 securities primarily include publicly traded equity securities.
For investment securities for which market prices are observable for identical or similar investment securities but not readily accessible for each of those investments individually (that is, it is difficult to obtain pricing information for each individual investment security at the measurement date), the Company uses pricing models and observable inputs that are consistent with what other market participants would use and these are included in Level 2. The inputs and assumptions to the models are derived from market observable sources, including: benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, benchmark securities, bids, offers, and other market-related data. When the Company uses valuations that are based on significant unobservable inputs, it classifies the investment securities in Level 3.
Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements
Certain assets are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and are subject to fair value adjustments only in certain circumstances. These assets can include long-lived assets that have been reduced to fair value when they are held for sale, equity securities without readily determinable fair value, equity method investments and long-lived assets that are written down to fair value when they are impaired, and the remeasurement of retained investments in formerly consolidated subsidiaries upon a change in control that results in a deconsolidation of a subsidiary, if the Company sells a controlling interest and retains a noncontrolling stake in the entity.
Investments in Equity Securities
Investments in equity securities (in which the Company does not have a controlling financial interest or significant influence, most often because it holds a voting interest of 0% to 20%) with readily determinable fair values are measured at fair value with changes recognized in earnings and reported in "Other non-operating income (loss), net" in the consolidated statements of income (loss). Equity securities that do not have readily determinable fair values are recorded at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar equity securities of the same issuer. These changes are recorded in "Other non-operating income (loss), net" in the consolidated statements of income (loss).
Equity method investments are equity holdings in entities in which the Company does not have a controlling financial interest, but over which it has significant influence, most often because it holds a voting interest of 20% to 50%. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the aggregate carrying amount of the Company's equity method investments was $1,080 million and $979 million, respectively. The results of the Company's equity method investments are presented in the consolidated statements of income (loss) as follows: (i) if the investment is integral to the Company's operations, their results are included in "Selling, general and administrative," and (ii) if the investment is not integral to the Company's operations, their results are included in "Other non-operating income (loss), net." Investments in, and advances to, equity method investments are presented on a one-line basis in "All other assets" in the consolidated statements of financial position.
Income Taxes
The Company files U.S. federal and state income tax returns which primarily includes its distributive share of items of income, gain, loss, and deduction of Baker Hughes Holdings LLC ("BHH LLC"), its primary operating company and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company since December 2022, which was treated as a partnership for U.S. tax purposes until December 30, 2023. Effective December 30, 2023, the Company and various subsidiaries completed a reorganization that resulted in BHH LLC no longer being treated as a partnership for U.S. tax purposes. As a partnership, BHH LLC was not subject to U.S. federal income tax under current U.S. tax laws. However, as of December 31, 2023, BHH LLC is included and taxed as part of the Company's consolidated U.S. tax return. Non-U.S. current and deferred income taxes owed by the subsidiaries of BHH LLC are reflected in the Company's financial statements.
The Company accounts for taxes under the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for temporary differences between the financial statement and the tax base of assets and liabilities based on enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when taxes are actually paid or recovered, as well as for net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. The effect of a change in tax laws or rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period in which such change is enacted. Future tax benefits are recognized to the extent that realization of such benefits is more likely than not, and a valuation allowance is established for any portion of a deferred tax asset that management believes is not more likely than not to be realized.
Significant judgment is required in determining the Company's tax expense and in evaluating its tax positions, including evaluating uncertainties. The Company's tax filings are subject to audit by the tax authorities in the jurisdictions where it conducts business. These audits may result in assessments of additional taxes that are resolved with the tax authorities or through the courts. The Company has provided for the amounts that it believes will ultimately result from these proceedings. The Company recognizes uncertain tax positions that are "more likely than not" to be sustained if the relevant tax authority were to audit the position with full knowledge of all the relevant facts and other information. For those tax positions that meet this threshold, the Company measures the amount of tax benefit based on the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% chance of being realized in a final settlement with the relevant authority. The Company classifies interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions as income tax expense. The effects of tax adjustments and settlements from taxing authorities are presented in the financial statements in the period they are finalized.
Supply Chain Finance Programs
Under the supply chain finance ("SCF") programs, administered by a third party, the Company's suppliers are given the opportunity to sell receivables from the Company to participating financial institutions at their sole discretion at a rate that leverages the Company's credit rating and thus might be more beneficial to the Company's suppliers. The Company's responsibility is limited to making payment on the terms originally negotiated with the Company's supplier, regardless of whether the supplier sells its receivable to a financial institution. The range of payment terms the Company negotiates with its suppliers is consistent, irrespective of whether a supplier participates in the program.
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $411 million and $332 million of SCF program liabilities are recorded in "Accounts payable" in the consolidated statements of financial position, respectively, and reflected in net cash flows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows when settled. See "Note 22. Supplementary Information" for further information on the changes in the Company's SCF program liabilities.
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS ADOPTED
The Company has adopted ASU 2023-07, "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures" ("ASU 2023-07"), effective retrospectively for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. ASU 2023-07 enhances the disclosures required for operating segments in the Company's annual and interim consolidated financial statements. As a result of this adoption, the Company's segment disclosure now includes significant expense categories. The Company's primary segment measure remains unchanged. See "Note 17. Segment Information" for the enhanced disclosures associated with the adoption of ASU 2023-07.
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS TO BE ADOPTED
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, "Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures" ("ASU 2024-03"), which enhances the disclosures required for certain expense captions in the Company's annual and interim consolidated financial statements. ASU 2024-03 is effective prospectively or retrospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and for interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its disclosures.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures" ("ASU 2023-09"), which is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in ASU 2023-09 provide for enhanced income tax information primarily through changes to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. ASU 2023-09, which allows for early adoption, is effective for the Company prospectively to all annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of this standard on its disclosures.
All other new accounting pronouncements that have been issued, but not yet effective are currently being evaluated and at this time are not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.
NOTE 2. CURRENT RECEIVABLES
Current receivables consist of the following at December 31:
2024 2023
Customer receivables $ 5,945 $ 6,033
Other 1,409 1,392
Total current receivables 7,354 7,425
Less: Allowance for credit losses (232) (350)
Total current receivables, net $ 7,122 $ 7,075
Customer receivables are recorded at the invoiced amount. The "Other" category consists primarily of advance payments to suppliers and indirect taxes.
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company's customer receivables are spread over a broad and diverse group of customers across many countries. As of December 31, 2024, 16% of our gross customer receivables were from customers in the U.S. and 10% were from customers in Mexico. As of December 31, 2023, 19% of our gross customer receivables were from customers in the U.S. and 11% were from customers in Mexico. No other country accounted for more than 10% of our gross customer receivables at this date.
See "Note 22. Supplementary Information" for further information on the changes in the allowance for credit losses.
NOTE 3. INVENTORIES
Inventories, net of reserves of $390 million and $389 million in 2024 and 2023, respectively, consist of the following at December 31:
2024 2023
Finished goods $ 2,494 $ 2,626
Work in process and raw materials 2,460 2,468
Total inventories, net $ 4,954 $ 5,094
For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded inventory impairments of $73 million and $35 million, respectively, primarily in the OFSE segment. See "Note 20. Restructuring, Impairment and Other" for further information.
NOTE 4. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment consist of the following at December 31:
Useful Life 2024 2023
Land and improvements
8 - 10 years (1)
$ 297 $ 332
Buildings, structures and related equipment 5 - 40 years
2,347 2,264
Machinery, equipment and other 1 - 20 years
8,539 7,974
Total cost 11,183 10,570
Less: Accumulated depreciation
(6,056) (5,678)
Property, plant and equipment, less accumulated depreciation
$ 5,127 $ 4,893
(1)Useful life excludes land.
Depreciation expense relating to property, plant and equipment was $870 million, $830 million and $839 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. See "Note 20. Restructuring, Impairment and Other" for additional information on property, plant and equipment impairments.
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 5. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
GOODWILL
The changes in the carrying value of goodwill are detailed below by segment:
Oilfield Services & Equipment Industrial & Energy Technology Total
Balance at December 31, 2022, gross
$ 19,708 $ 4,752 $ 24,460
Accumulated impairment at December 31, 2022
(18,276) (254) (18,530)
Balance at December 31, 2022
1,432 4,498 5,930
Acquisitions 95 43 138
Currency exchange and other
14 55 69
Balance at December 31, 2023
1,541 4,596 6,137
Currency exchange and other 6 (65) (59)
Balance at December 31, 2024
$ 1,547 $ 4,531 $ 6,078
As a result of the Company's goodwill impairment assessment performed in the year ended December 31, 2024, there were no goodwill impairments deemed necessary.
OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible assets consist of the following at December 31:
2024 2023
Gross
Carrying
Amount Accumulated
Amortization Net Gross
Carrying
Amount Accumulated
Amortization Net
Customer relationships $ 1,921 $ (883) $ 1,038 $ 1,945 $ (818) $ 1,127
Technology 1,248 (981) 267 1,253 (899) 354
Trade names and trademarks 290 (196) 94 290 (186) 104
Capitalized software 1,522 (1,172) 350 1,413 (1,107) 306
Finite-lived intangible assets 4,981 (3,232) 1,749 4,901 (3,010) 1,891
Indefinite-lived intangible assets 2,202 - 2,202 2,202 - 2,202
Total intangible assets $ 7,183 $ (3,232) $ 3,951 $ 7,103 $ (3,010) $ 4,093
Finite-lived intangible assets are generally amortized on a straight-line basis with estimated useful lives ranging from 1 to 35 years. Amortization expense was $266 million, $257 million and $222 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. No impairment for indefinite-lived intangible assets were recorded in 2024.
Estimated amortization expense for each of the subsequent five fiscal years is expected to be as follows:
Year Estimated Amortization Expense
2025 $ 235
2026 192
2027 171
2028 148
2029 122
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 6. CONTRACT AND OTHER DEFERRED ASSETS
Contract assets reflect revenue earned in excess of billings on long-term contracts to construct technically complex equipment, provide long-term product service and maintenance or extended warranty arrangements and other deferred contract related costs. The Company's long-term product service agreements are provided by the IET segment. The Company's long-term equipment contracts are provided by both the IET and OFSE segments. Contract assets consist of the following at December 31:
2024 2023
Long-term product service agreements $ 346 $ 418
Long-term equipment contracts and certain other service agreements 1,247 1,184
Contract assets (total revenue in excess of billings) 1,593 1,602
Deferred inventory costs 124 126
Other costs to fulfill or obtain a contract
13 28
Contract and other deferred assets $ 1,730 $ 1,756
Revenue recognized during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 from performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in previous years related to long-term service agreements was $(11) million and $15 million, respectively. This includes revenue recognized from revisions to cost or billing estimates that may affect a contract's total estimated profitability.
NOTE 7. PROGRESS COLLECTIONS AND DEFERRED INCOME
Contract liabilities include progress collections, which reflects billings in excess of revenue, and deferred income on long-term contracts to construct technically complex equipment, long-term product maintenance or extended warranty arrangements. Contract liabilities consist of the following at December 31:
2024 2023
Progress collections $ 5,550 $ 5,405
Deferred income 122 137
Progress collections and deferred income (contract liabilities) $ 5,672 $ 5,542
Revenue recognized during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 that was included in the contract liabilities at the beginning of the year was $4,398 million and $2,999 million, respectively.
NOTE 8. LEASES
The Company's leasing activities primarily consist of operating leases for service centers, manufacturing facilities, sales and administrative offices, and certain equipment.
The following table presents operating lease expense:
Operating Lease Expense 2024 2023 2022
Long-term fixed lease $ 292 $ 276 $ 254
Long-term variable lease 76 73 48
Short-term lease
511 503 477
Total operating lease expense $ 879 $ 852 $ 779
Cash flows used in operating activities for operating leases approximate lease expense for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2024, maturities of operating lease liabilities are as follows:
Year Operating Leases
2025 $ 221
2026 147
2027 99
2028 72
Thereafter 210
Total lease payments 803
Less: imputed interest 130
Total $ 673
Amounts recognized in the consolidated statements of financial position for operating leases consist of the following:
2024 2023
All other current liabilities $ 198 $ 220
All other liabilities 475 549
Total $ 673 $ 769
Right-of-use assets of $678 million and $769 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, are included in "All other assets" in the consolidated statements of financial position. The weighted-average remaining lease term for the Company's operating leases was approximately seven years for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. The weighted-average discount rate used to determine the operating lease liability as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was 4.3% and 3.9%, respectively.
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 9. DEBT
The carrying value of the Company's short-term and long-term debt consists of the following at December 31:
2024 2023
Amount Effective Interest
Rate (1)
Amount Effective Interest
Rate (1)
Short-term and current portion of long-term debt
8.55% Debentures due June 2024 (2)
$ - - % $ 109 4.1 %
Other debt 53 4.6 % 39 4.9 %
Total short-term and current portion of long-term debt 53 148
Long-term debt
2.061% Senior Notes due December 2026
599 2.4 % 598 2.4 %
3.337% Senior Notes due December 2027
1,302 5.4 % 1,294 5.3 %
6.875% Notes due January 2029 (2)
262 3.9 % 268 3.9 %
3.138% Senior Notes due November 2029
523 3.2 % 523 3.2 %
4.486% Senior Notes due May 2030
498 4.6 % 498 4.6 %
5.125% Senior Notes due September 2040 (2)
1,275 4.2 % 1,281 4.2 %
4.080% Senior Notes due December 2047
1,338 4.1 % 1,338 4.1 %
Other long-term debt 173 4.2 % 73 6.3 %
Total long-term debt 5,970 5,872
Total debt $ 6,023 $ 6,020
(1)Effective interest rate is based on the carrying value including issuance costs, interest rate swaps, and step-up adjustments from the Baker Hughes Incorporated ("BHI") acquisition recorded for certain Senior Notes and Debentures.
(2)Represents long-term fixed rate debt obligations assumed in connection with the acquisition of BHI.
The carrying value of short-term and long-term debt includes issuance costs, changes in fair value of the debt instrument hedged by interest rate swaps, and step-up adjustments for the BHI acquisition. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, these adjustments resulted in a net increase to the carrying value of the Company's debt totaling $91 million and $95 million, respectively. The estimated fair value of total debt at December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $5,409 million and $5,571 million, respectively. For a majority of the Company's debt, the fair value was determined using quoted period-end market prices. Where market prices are not available, the Company estimates fair values based on valuation methodologies using current market interest rate data adjusted for non-performance risk.
Maturities of debt for each of the five years in the period ending December 31, 2029, and in the aggregate thereafter, are listed in the table below:
2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Thereafter
Total debt
$ 53 $ 607 $ 1,310 $ - $ 885 $ 3,169
The Company has a $3.0 billion committed unsecured revolving credit facility ("the Credit Agreement") with commercial banks maturing in November 2028. The Credit Agreement contains certain representations and warranties, certain affirmative covenants and negative covenants, in each case considered customary. No related events of default have occurred. The Credit Agreement is fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by Baker Hughes. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no borrowings under the Credit Agreement.
Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc. is a co-obligor, jointly and severally with BHH LLC on the Company's long-term debt securities. This co-obligor is a 100%-owned finance subsidiary of BHH LLC that was incorporated for the sole
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
purpose of serving as a corporate co-obligor of long-term debt securities and has no assets or operations other than those related to its sole purpose. As of December 31, 2024, Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc. is a co-obligor of certain debt securities totaling $5.8 billion.
Certain Senior Notes contain covenants that restrict the Company's ability to take certain actions, including, but not limited to, the creation of certain liens securing debt, the entry into certain sale-leaseback transactions, and engaging in certain merger, consolidation and asset sale transactions in excess of specified limits. At December 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants.
NOTE 10. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS
The Company maintains Company sponsored pension plans for certain of its employees. The Company also maintains unfunded end-of-service benefit plans that are mandated in certain countries in which it operates. The Company's primary plans disclosed in 2024 included three U.S. plans and eight non-U.S. plans, primarily in the United Kingdom and Germany, all with plan assets or obligations greater than $20 million. These defined benefit plans generally provide benefits to employees based on formulas recognizing length of service and earnings; however, the majority of these plans are either frozen or closed to new entrants. The Company also provides certain postretirement health care benefits, through unfunded plans, to a closed group of U.S. employees who retire and meet certain age and service requirements. The accumulated postretirement benefit obligation related to these plans was $28 million and $33 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Funded Status
The funded status position represents the difference between the benefit obligation and the plan assets. The Company's primary plans consist of six funded plans and five unfunded plans. The projected benefit obligation ("PBO") for pension benefits represents the actuarial present value of benefits attributed to employee services and compensation and includes an assumption about future compensation levels. The accumulated benefit obligation ("ABO") is the actuarial present value of pension benefits attributed to employee service to date at present compensation levels. The ABO differs from the PBO in that the ABO does not include any assumptions about future compensation levels.
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Below is the reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of benefit obligations, fair value of plan assets, and the funded status of the Company's defined benefit plans ("Pension Benefits").
Pension Benefits
2024 2023
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 2,443 $ 2,634
Service cost 16 15
Interest cost 107 116
Actuarial gain (1)
(148) (4)
Benefits paid (92) (126)
Settlements (227) (4)
Settlement due to plan termination (2)
- (246)
Foreign currency translation adjustments (15) 58
Benefit obligation at end of year 2,084 2,443
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 2,080 2,266
Actual return on plan assets (73) 121
Employer contributions 66 18
Benefits paid (92) (126)
Settlements (227) (4)
Settlement due to plan termination (2)
- (246)
Other (39) -
Foreign currency translation adjustments (7) 51
Fair value of plan assets at end of year 1,708 2,080
Funded status - underfunded at end of year $ (376) $ (363)
Accumulated benefit obligation $ 2,039 $ 2,399
(1)The actuarial gain in 2024 was primarily related to a change in the discount rate used to measure the benefit obligation for the Company's plans.
(2)Plan termination relates to the termination of one of the Company's fully funded frozen U.S. defined benefit plans that was initiated in April 2022.
The amounts recognized in the consolidated statements of financial position consist of the following at December 31:
Pension Benefits
2024 2023
Noncurrent assets $ 43 $ 78
Current liabilities (28) (17)
Noncurrent liabilities (391) (424)
Net amount recognized $ (376) $ (363)
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Information for the plans with ABOs and PBOs in excess of plan assets consist of the following at December 31:
Pension Benefits
2024 2023
Projected benefit obligation $ 1,180 $ 1,410
Accumulated benefit obligation $ 1,135 $ 1,366
Fair value of plan assets $ 761 $ 968
The Company has a U.S. non-qualified supplemental pension plan ("BH SPP") for certain employees which is included in the benefit obligations and funded status in the tables above. In order to meet a portion of the Company's obligations of the BH SPP, the Company established a trust comprised primarily of mutual fund assets. The value of these assets was $36 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. These assets are not included as plan assets or in the funded status amounts in the tables above and below.
Net Periodic Cost
The components of net periodic cost consist of the following:
Pension Benefits
2024 2023 2022
Service cost $ 16 $ 15 $ 23
Interest cost 107 116 78
Expected return on plan assets (118) (102) (114)
Amortization of prior service credit
1 1 1
Amortization of net actuarial loss 18 19 27
Curtailment / settlement loss 20 (16) 2
Net periodic cost $ 44 $ 33 $ 17
The service cost component of the net periodic cost is included in "Operating income (loss)" and all other components are included in "Other non-operating income (loss), net" in the consolidated statements of income (loss).
Assumptions Used in Benefit Calculations
Accounting requirements necessitate the use of assumptions to reflect the uncertainties and the length of time over which the pension obligations will be paid. The actual amount of future benefit payments will depend upon when participants retire, the amount of their benefit at retirement, and how long they live. To reflect the obligation in today's dollars, the Company discounts the future payments using a rate that matches the time frame over which the payments are expected to be made. The Company also needs to assume a long-term rate of return that will be earned on investments used to fund these payments.
Another assumption used is the interest crediting rate for the Company's U.S. qualified cash balance plan. Under the provisions of this pension plan, a hypothetical cash balance account has been established for each participant. Such accounts receive quarterly interest credits based on a prescribed formula.
Weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations for these plans are as follows:
Pension Benefits
2024 2023
Discount rate 5.22 % 4.54 %
Rate of compensation increase 3.31 % 3.26 %
Interest crediting rate 4.46 % 3.98 %
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic cost for these plans are as follows:
Pension Benefits
2024 2023 2022
Discount rate 4.54 % 4.89 % 2.15 %
Expected long-term return on plan assets
5.97 % 5.05 % 3.85 %
Interest crediting rate 3.98 % 4.31 % 2.60 %
The Company determines the discount rate using a bond matching model, whereby the weighted average yields on high-quality fixed-income securities have maturities consistent with the timing of benefit payments. Lower discount rates increase the size of the benefit obligations while higher discount rates reduce the size of the benefit obligation. The compensation assumption is used in the Company's active plans to estimate the annual rate at which the pay for plan participants will grow. If the rate of growth assumed increases, the size of the pension obligations will increase.
The expected return on plan assets is the estimated long-term rate of return that will be earned on the investments used to fund the pension obligations. To determine this rate, the Company considers the current and target composition of plan investments, our historical returns earned, and our expectations about the future.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The amount recorded before-tax in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to the Company's defined benefit plans consists of the following at December 31:
Pension Benefits
2024 2023
Net actuarial loss $ 338 $ 333
Net prior service cost 14 15
Total $ 352 $ 348
Plan Assets
The Company has an investment committee that meets regularly to review portfolio returns and to determine asset-mix targets based on asset/liability studies. Third-party investment consultants assist the committee in developing asset allocation strategies to determine the Company's expected rates of return and expected risk for various investment portfolios. The investment committee considered these strategies in the formal establishment of the current asset-mix targets based on the projected risk and return levels for all major asset classes.
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The table below presents the fair value of the plan assets at December 31:
2024 2023
Debt securities
Fixed income and cash investment funds $ 1,253 $ 1,122
Equity securities
Global equity securities (1)
73 227
U.S. equity securities (1)
107 157
Insurance contracts 92 103
Real estate 3 34
Private equities 45 35
Other investments (2)
135 402
Total plan assets $ 1,708 $ 2,080
(1)Include direct investments and investment funds.
(2)Consists primarily of asset allocation fund investments.
Plan assets valued using Net Asset Value ("NAV") as a practical expedient amounted to $1,557 million and $1,967 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The percentages of plan assets valued using NAV by investment fund type for equity securities, fixed income and cash, and alternative investments were 12%, 80%, and 8% as of December 31, 2024, respectively, and 20%, 57%, and 23% as of December 31, 2023, respectively. Those investments that were measured at fair value using NAV as a practical expedient were excluded from the fair value hierarchy. The practical expedient was not applied for investments with a fair value of $151 million and $113 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There were investments classified within Level 3 of $92 million and $103 million for non U.S. insurance contracts as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Other
In March 2024, the Company initiated the termination of one of its frozen U.S. defined benefit pension plans (the "Plan"), which would result in the full settlement of the Company's Plan obligations, which at December 31, 2024 was $131 million. The distribution of Plan assets from the pension trust fund pursuant to the termination will not be made until the Plan termination satisfies all regulatory requirements, which the Company currently expects to occur by the end of 2025. The Company does not expect the termination to have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Funding Policy
The funding policy for the Company's Pension Benefits is to contribute amounts sufficient to meet minimum funding requirements as set forth in employee benefit and tax laws plus such additional amounts as it may determine to be appropriate. In 2024, the Company contributed approximately $66 million, which includes benefit payments made directly to the employee for its unfunded plans. The Company anticipates it will contribute between approximately $25 million to $30 million to its pension plans in 2025.
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table presents the expected benefit payments for Pension Benefits over the next 10 years. For funded Company sponsored plans, the benefit payments are made by the respective pension trust funds.
Year Pension Benefits
2025 $ 249
2026 120
2027 121
2028 123
2029 128
2030-2034
DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PLANS
The Company's primary defined contribution plan during 2024 was the Company-sponsored U.S. 401(k) plan ("401(k) Plan"). The 401(k) Plan allows eligible employees to contribute portions of their eligible compensation to an investment trust. The Company matches employee contributions at the rate of $1.00 per $1.00 employee contribution for the first 5% of the employee's eligible compensation, and such contributions vest immediately. In addition, the Company makes cash contributions for all eligible employees of 4% of their eligible compensation and such contributions are fully vested after three years of employment. The 401(k) Plan provides several investment options, for which the employee has sole investment discretion; however, the 401(k) Plan does not offer the Company's common stock as an investment option. The Company's costs for the 401(k) Plan and several other U.S. and non-U.S. defined contribution plans amounted to $180 million and $217 million in 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The Company has two non-qualified defined contribution plans that are invested through trusts. The assets and corresponding liabilities were $300 million and $281 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and are included in "All other assets" and "Liabilities for pensions and other postretirement benefits," respectively, in the consolidated statements of financial position.
NOTE 11. INCOME TAXES
The provision for income taxes consists of the following:
2024 2023 2022
Current:
U.S. $ 39 $ 33 $ 6
Foreign 889 711 489
Total current 928 744 495
Deferred:
U.S. (556) (27) 40
Foreign (115) (32) 65
Total deferred (671) (59) 105
Provision for income taxes $ 257 $ 685 $ 600
On August 16, 2022, the U.S. enacted The Inflation Reduction Act which included a number of additional credits and deductions for businesses and individuals. The Inflation Reduction Act also included the adoption of the Corporate Alternative Minimum Tax in 2023, which is based on financial statement book income of large corporations. In 2024, the Company is not subject to the Corporate Alternative Minimum Tax.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 77
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The geographic sources of income before income taxes consist of the following:
2024 2023 2022
U.S. $ 1,099 $ 882 $ (698)
Foreign 2,166 1,773 720
Income before income taxes
$ 3,265 $ 2,655 $ 22
The provision for income taxes differs from the amount computed by applying the U.S. statutory income tax rate to the income before income taxes for the reasons set forth below for the years ended December 31:
2024 2023 2022
Income before income taxes
$ 3,265 $ 2,655 $ 22
Taxes at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate
686 558 5
Effect of foreign operations (2)
269 112 338
Tax impact of partnership structure
(40) (103) 6
Change in valuation allowances (1)
(625) 53 164
Tax expense (benefit) due to unrecognized tax benefits 38 (5) (7)
Other - net (71) 70 94
Provision for income taxes
$ 257 $ 685 $ 600
Actual income tax rate 7.9 % 25.8 % 2,727.3 %
(1)For December 31, 2024 and 2023, this amount was reduced by $664 million and $81 million, respectively, that is related to the release of a valuation allowance for certain deferred tax assets.
(2)For December 31, 2022, $140 million of this amount relates to the charges associated with the sale and suspension of the Company's Russia operations.
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, as well as operating loss and tax credit carryforwards.
As a result of an internal reorganization completed on December 30, 2023, BHH LLC became a single member LLC thereby terminating the partnership for U.S. income tax purposes. From December 31, 2023, U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded based on the inside book basis versus tax basis difference and are no longer recorded based on the Company's outside basis difference in the BHH LLC partnership. As a result, in 2023 the deferred tax asset related to the investment in partnership has been adjusted accordingly and other deferred tax assets and liabilities, including PP&E, intangible assets, and lower tier investment in partnerships & subsidiaries, have been increased to reflect the tax effect of the inside basis difference of those respective assets and liabilities.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 78
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The tax effects of differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities as of December 31 consist of the following:
2024 2023
Deferred tax assets:
Operating & capital loss carryforwards $ 3,442 $ 3,332
Tax credit & other carryforwards 772 936
Investment in partnerships & subsidiaries
276 286
Property, plant and equipment
250 168
Employee benefits 278 241
Goodwill and other intangible assets
198 137
Receivables 150 111
Inventory 150 73
Other
376 352
Total deferred income tax asset 5,892 5,636
Valuation allowances
(3,908) (4,416)
Total deferred income tax asset after valuation allowance 1,984 1,220
Deferred tax liabilities:
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
(377) (380)
Fair value of derivative financial instruments
(166) (90)
Other
(240) (204)
Total deferred income tax liability
(783) (674)
Net deferred tax asset $ 1,201 $ 546
At December 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $404 million of non-U.S. tax credits and other carryforwards which may be carried forward indefinitely under applicable foreign law, $230 million of U.S. foreign tax credits and $138 million of other U.S. Federal and state tax credits and other carryforwards, the majority of which have expiration dates after tax year 2027 under U.S. Federal and state tax law. Additionally, the Company had $3,413 million of net operating loss carryforwards ("NOLs"), of which approximately $329 million have expiration dates within five years, $1,988 million have expiration dates between six years and 20 years, and the remainder can be carried forward indefinitely. Lastly, the Company had $29 million of capital loss carryforwards, the majority of which can be carried forward indefinitely.
The Company routinely assesses the recoverability of its deferred tax assets, giving consideration to a range of factors including, but not limited to the pattern of historical taxable income generation, current performance, including active contractual arrangements and the forecasted business outlook across operating jurisdictions. The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets depends on a number of factors including the ability to generate sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character in the future and in the appropriate taxing jurisdictions. A valuation allowance is recorded (or maintained) when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of December 31, 2024, the Company assessed both positive and negative evidence, with significant weight given to objective and verifiable factors such as recent taxable income levels and credit utilization. Based on this evaluation, including consideration of our projected future taxable earnings, the Company concluded that it is more likely than not that its U.S. deferred tax assets are recoverable. Accordingly, the Company released the associated valuation allowance, resulting in a tax benefit of $664 million (20% impact to the effective tax rate) in 2024.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 79
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
At December 31, 2024, $3,908 million of valuation allowances are recorded against various deferred tax assets, primarily related to foreign operating and capital losses of $3,161 million and non-U.S. tax credit carryforwards of $401 million. The following table presents the change in the valuation allowances during the year:
2024 2023
Balance at the beginning of the year
$ 4,416 $ 4,090
Release in the U.S., net of current year non-U.S. activity
(625) 53
Other
117 273
Balance at end of year
$ 3,908 $ 4,416
Indefinite reinvestment is determined by management's intentions concerning the future operations of the Company. In cases where repatriation would otherwise incur significant withholding or income taxes, these earnings have been indefinitely reinvested in the Company's active non-U.S. business operations. As of December 31, 2024, the cumulative amount of undistributed foreign earnings is approximately $4,659 million. Computation of the potential deferred tax liability associated with these undistributed earnings and any other basis differences is not practicable.
At December 31, 2024, the Company had $455 million of tax liabilities for total gross unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions. In addition to these uncertain tax positions, the Company had $81 million and $66 million related to interest and penalties, respectively, for total liabilities of $602 million for uncertain positions. If the Company were to prevail on all uncertain positions, the net effect would result in an income tax benefit of approximately $534 million. The remaining $68 million is comprised of $42 million for deferred tax assets that represent tax benefits that would be received in different taxing jurisdictions or in a different character and $26 million increased valuation allowances.
The following table presents the changes in the Company's gross unrecognized tax benefits included in the consolidated statements of financial position.
Asset / (Liability) 2024 2023
Balance at beginning of year $ (467) $ (496)
Additions for tax positions of the current year (17) (15)
Additions for tax positions of prior years (51) (50)
Reductions for tax positions of prior years 28 32
Settlements with tax authorities 24 26
Lapse of statute of limitations 28 36
Balance at end of year $ (455) $ (467)
It is expected that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will change in the next twelve months due to expiring statutes, audit activity, tax payments, and competent authority proceedings related to transfer pricing or final decisions in matters that are the subject of litigation in various taxing jurisdictions in which the Company operates. At December 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $110 million of tax liabilities related to uncertain tax positions, each of which are individually insignificant, and each of which are reasonably possible of being settled within the next twelve months.
The Company conducts business in more than 120 countries and is subject to income taxes in most taxing jurisdictions in which it operates, each of which may have multiple open years subject to examination. All Internal Revenue Service examinations have been completed and closed through 2015 for the most significant U.S. returns. The Company believes that it has made adequate provision for all income tax uncertainties in all jurisdictions.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 80
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 12. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company has the Long-Term Incentive Plan ("LTI Plan") under which it may grant restricted stock units ("RSU"), performance share units ("PSU"), stock options and other equity-based awards to employees and non-employee directors providing services to the Company and its subsidiaries. The Company also provides an Employee Stock Purchase Plan for eligible employees. A total of up to 29.5 million shares of Class A common stock are reserved and available for issuance pursuant to awards granted under the LTI Plan over its term which expires on the date of the annual meeting of the Company in 2031. A total of 19.2 million shares of Class A common stock are available for issuance as of December 31, 2024.
Stock-based compensation cost was $202 million, $197 million and $207 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the date of grant based on the calculated fair value of the award and is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the equity grant. The compensation cost is determined based on awards ultimately expected to vest; therefore, the Company has reduced the cost for estimated forfeitures based on historical forfeiture rates. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods to reflect actual forfeitures. There were no stock-based compensation costs capitalized as the amounts were not material.
Restricted Stock
The Company may grant to its officers, directors, and key employees RSUs, where each unit represents the right to receive, at the end of a stipulated period, one unrestricted share of stock with no exercise price. Certain RSUs are subject to cliff or graded vesting, generally ranging over a period of three years. Non-employee directors are granted RSUs that immediately vest on the grant date. Cash dividend equivalents are accumulated on RSUs and are payable upon vesting of the awards. The Company determines the fair value of RSUs based on the market price of its common stock on the date of grant.
The following table presents the changes in RSUs outstanding and related information (in thousands, except per unit prices):
Number of
Units Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value Per Unit
Unvested balance at December 31, 2023
12,113 $ 27.70
Granted 6,724 28.78
Vested (6,175) 26.15
Forfeited (1,168) 29.21
Unvested balance at December 31, 2024
11,494 $ 29.02
In 2024, the total intrinsic value of RSUs vested (defined as the value of shares awarded based on the price of the Company's common stock at vesting date) was $188 million and unvested RSUs was $471 million. The total grant date fair value of RSUs vested in 2024 was $161 million. As of December 31, 2024, there was $179 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.81 years.
Performance Share Units
The Company may grant PSUs to certain officers and key employees. The PSUs are stock-based awards tied to predefined company metrics and contain a payout modifier based on total shareholder return ("TSR"). PSUs generally cliff vest after a service period of three years. Cash dividend equivalents are accumulated on PSUs and are payable upon vesting of the awards. The fair value of the awards determined for the predefined company metrics are based on the market price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant. The fair value of the PSU awards is determined based on a Monte Carlo simulation method.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 81
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table presents the changes in PSUs outstanding and related information (in thousands, except per unit prices):
Number of
Units Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value Per Unit
Unvested balance at December 31, 2023
2,828 $ 28.70
Granted 869 29.73
Vested (984) 34.09
Forfeited (171) 31.26
Unvested balance at December 31, 2024
2,542 $ 31.17
The total intrinsic value of PSUs vested and unvested, (defined as the value of the shares awarded at the year-end market price) was $31 million and $104 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2024. The total grant date fair value of PSUs vested in 2024 was $34 million. Total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested PSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.72 years, was $38 million as of December 31, 2024.
Stock Options
The Company previously granted stock options to its officers, directors and key employees. Stock options generally vest in equal amounts over a vesting period of three years provided that the employee has remained continuously employed by the Company through such vesting date. The Company has not granted stock options to officers, directors, or key employees since 2019.
The following table presents the changes in stock options outstanding and related information (in thousands, except per option prices):
Number of
Options Weighted Average
Exercise Price
Per Option
Outstanding at December 31, 2023
2,241 $ 33.92
Exercised (391) 33.21
Expired (425) 41.10
Outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2024
1,425 $ 31.99
The weighted average remaining contractual term for options outstanding and options exercisable at December 31, 2024 was 3.1 years. The maximum contractual term of options outstanding is 4.1 years.
The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised (defined as the amount by which the market price of the Company's common stock on the date of exercise exceeds the exercise price of the option) in 2024 was $3 million. The total intrinsic value of stock options outstanding and options exercisable at December 31, 2024 was $13 million. The intrinsic value of stock options outstanding is calculated as the amount by which the quoted price of $41.02 of the Company's common stock as of the end of 2024 exceeds the exercise price of the options.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The employee stock purchase plan provides for eligible employees to purchase shares of Class A common stock quarterly on an after-tax basis in an amount between 1% and 20% of their annual pay at a 15% discount of the fair market value of the Company's Class A common stock at the end of each quarterly offering period. An employee may not purchase more than $3,000 in any of the three-month measurement periods described above or $12,000 annually.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 82
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
A total of 21.5 million shares of Class A common stock are authorized for issuance, and at December 31, 2024, there were 6.9 million shares of Class A common stock reserved for future issuance.
NOTE 13. EQUITY
COMMON STOCK
The Company is authorized to issue 2 billion shares of Class A common stock, 1.25 billion shares of Class B common stock and 50 million shares of preferred stock, each of which has a par value of $0.0001 per share. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no shares of Class B common stock issued and outstanding. The Company has not issued any preferred stock.
The Company has a share repurchase program which it expects to fund from cash generated from operations, and it expects to make share repurchases from time to time subject to the Company's capital plan, market conditions, and other factors, including regulatory restrictions. The repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and does not have a specified expiration date. In 2024 and 2023, the Company repurchased and canceled 15.2 million and 16.3 million shares of Class A common stock, each for $484 million and $538 million, representing an average price per share of $31.78 and $33.09, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had authorization remaining to repurchase up to approximately $1.7 billion of its Class A common stock.
The following table presents the changes in the number of shares outstanding (in thousands):
Class A
Common Stock
2024 2023
Balance at beginning of year 997,709 1,005,960
Issue of shares upon vesting of restricted stock units (1)
4,975 5,738
Issue of shares on exercise of stock options (1)
389 434
Issue of shares for employee stock purchase plan
1,814 1,846
Repurchase and cancellation of Class A common stock (15,241) (16,269)
Balance at end of year 989,646 997,709
(1) Share amounts reflected above are net of shares withheld to satisfy the employee's tax withholding obligation.
During 2024 and 2023, the Company declared and paid aggregate regular dividends of $0.84 and $0.78 per share, respectively, to holders of record of the Company's Class A common stock.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 83
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
The following tables present the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax:
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments Cash Flow Hedges Benefit Plans Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance at December 31, 2022 $ (2,666) $ (9) $ (296) $ (2,971)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 153 12 (14) 151
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
- (8) 28 20
Deferred taxes
- (1) 5 4
Other comprehensive income
153 3 19 175
Balance at December 31, 2023 (2,513) (6) (277) (2,796)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
(350) 9 (46) (387)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
- (11) 32 21
Deferred taxes
- 1 - 1
Other comprehensive income (loss) (350) (1) (14) (365)
Balance at December 31, 2024 $ (2,863) $ (7) $ (291) $ (3,161)
The amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 represent (i) gains (losses) reclassified on cash flow hedges when the hedged transaction occurs, and (ii) the amortization of net actuarial gain (loss), prior service credit, settlements, and curtailments which are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see "Note 10. Employee Benefit Plans" for additional details).
NOTE 14. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share of Class A common stock is presented below:
(In millions, except per share amounts) 2024 2023 2022
Net income (loss) $ 3,008 $ 1,970 $ (578)
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests 29 27 23
Net income (loss) attributable to Baker Hughes Company $ 2,979 $ 1,943 $ (601)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Class A basic
994 1,008 987
Class A diluted
1,001 1,015 987
Net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders:
Class A basic
$ 3.00 $ 1.93 $ (0.61)
Class A diluted
$ 2.98 $ 1.91 $ (0.61)
For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, Class A diluted shares include the dilutive impact of equity awards except for approximately 1 million and 2 million options, respectively, that were excluded because the exercise price exceeded the average market price of the Company's Class A common stock and is therefore antidilutive. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company excluded all outstanding equity awards from the computation of diluted net loss per share because their effect is antidilutive.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 84
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 15. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
RECURRING FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The Company's assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis consist of derivative instruments and investment securities.
2024 2023
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Net Balance Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Net Balance
Assets
Derivatives
$ - $ 11 $ - $ 11 $ - $ 34 $ - $ 34
Investment securities 1,282 - 2 1,284 1,040 - 2 1,042
Total assets 1,282 11 2 1,295 1,040 34 2 1,076
Liabilities
Derivatives
- (64) - (64) - (76) - (76)
Total liabilities $ - $ (64) $ - $ (64) $ - $ (76) $ - $ (76)
2024 2023
Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value
Investment securities (1)
Non-U.S. debt securities (2)
$ 3 $ - $ - $ 3 $ 66 $ 1 $ - $ 67
Equity securities 544 737 - 1,281 527 451 (3) 975
Total $ 547 $ 737 $ - $ 1,284 $ 593 $ 452 $ (3) $ 1,042
(1)Net gains (losses) recorded to earnings related to these securities were $341 million, $405 million and $(271) million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
(2)As of December 31, 2024, the Company's non-U.S. debt securities are classified as available for sale securities and mature in approximately one year.
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the balance of the Company's equity securities with readily determinable fair values is $1,281 million and $975 million, respectively, and is comprised mainly of the Company's investment in Abu Dhabi National Oil Company Drilling, and is recorded primarily in "All other current assets" in the consolidated statements of financial position. The Company measured its investments at fair value based on quoted prices in active markets.
Net gains (losses) recorded to earnings for the Company's equity securities with readily determinable fair values were $366 million, $435 million, and $(264) million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Gains (losses) related to the Company's equity securities with readily determinable fair values are reported in "Other non-operating income (loss), net" in the consolidated statements of income (loss).
OTHER EQUITY INVESTMENTS
During 2024, no observable transactions occurred on the Company's equity securities without a readily determinable fair value. During 2023, certain equity securities without a readily determinable fair value were remeasured as of the date that an observable transaction occurred, which resulted in the Company recording a gain of $118 million. Gains (losses) related to the Company's equity securities without readily determinable fair values are reported in "Other non-operating income (loss), net" in the consolidated statements of income (loss).
FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company's financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, receivables, certain investments,
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 85
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
accounts payable, short and long-term debt, and derivative financial instruments. Except for long-term debt, the estimated fair value of these financial instruments at December 31, 2024 and 2023 approximates their carrying value as reflected in the consolidated financial statements. For further information on the fair value of the Company's debt, see "Note 9. Debt."
DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING
The Company uses derivatives to manage its risks and does not use derivatives for speculation. The table below summarizes the fair value of all derivatives, including hedging instruments and embedded derivatives.
2024 2023
Assets (Liabilities) Assets (Liabilities)
Derivatives accounted for as hedges
Currency exchange contracts
$ 2 $ (2) $ 10 $ (3)
Interest rate swap contracts - (45) - (52)
Derivatives not accounted for as hedges
Currency exchange contracts and other
9 (17) 24 (21)
Total derivatives $ 11 $ (64) $ 34 $ (76)
Derivatives are classified in the consolidated statements of financial position depending on their respective maturity date. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $9 million and $31 million of derivative assets are recorded in "All other current assets" and $3 million and $3 million are recorded in "All other assets" in the consolidated statements of financial position, respectively. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $16 million and $23 million of derivative liabilities are recorded in "All other current liabilities" and $50 million and $53 million are recorded in "All other liabilities" in the consolidated statements of financial position, respectively.
During 2024, the Company issued credit default swaps ("CDS") in the total of $553 million to third-party financial institutions. The CDS relate to borrowings provided by these financial institutions to a customer in Mexico who utilized these borrowings to pay certain of the Company's outstanding receivables. The total notional amount remaining on the issued CDS was $412 million as of December 31, 2024, which will reduce each month through September 2026 as the customer repays the borrowings. The fair value of these derivative liabilities is not material.
FORMS OF HEDGING
Cash Flow Hedges
The Company uses cash flow hedging primarily to mitigate the effects of foreign exchange rate changes on purchase and sale contracts. Accordingly, the vast majority of derivative activity in this category consists of currency exchange contracts. In addition, the Company is exposed to interest rate risk fluctuations in connection with long-term debt that it issues from time to time to fund its operations. Changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges are recorded in a separate component of equity (referred to as "Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income" or "AOCI") and are recorded in earnings in the period in which the hedged transaction occurs. See "Note 13. Equity" for further information on activity in AOCI for cash flow hedges. The maximum term of cash flow hedges that hedge forecasted transactions was approximately one year and two years at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Fair Value Hedges
All of the Company's long-term debt is comprised of fixed rate instruments. The Company is subject to interest rate risk on its debt portfolio and may use interest rate swaps to manage the economic effect of fixed rate obligations associated with certain debt. Under these arrangements, the Company agrees to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between fixed and floating interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed-upon notional principal amount.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 86
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $500 million that converted a portion of its $1,350 million aggregate principal amount of 3.337% fixed rate Senior Notes due 2027 into a floating rate instrument with an interest rate based on a Secured Overnight Financing Rate index. The Company concluded that the interest rate swap met the criteria necessary to qualify for hedge accounting, and as such, the changes in this fair value hedge are recorded as gains or losses in interest expense and are equally offset by the gains or losses of the underlying debt instrument, which are also recorded in interest expense.
NOTIONAL AMOUNT OF DERIVATIVES
The notional amount of a derivative is used to determine, along with the other terms of the derivative, the amounts to be exchanged between the counterparties. The Company discloses the derivative notional amounts on a gross basis to indicate the total counterparty risk but it does not generally represent amounts exchanged by the Company and the counterparties. A substantial majority of the outstanding notional amount of $4.0 billion and $4.2 billion at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, is related to hedges of anticipated sales and purchases in foreign currency, commodity purchases, changes in interest rates, and contractual terms in contracts that are considered embedded derivatives and for intercompany borrowings in foreign currencies.
COUNTERPARTY CREDIT RISK
Fair values of the Company's derivatives can change significantly from period to period based on, among other factors, market movements and changes in the Company's positions. The Company manages counterparty credit risk (the risk that counterparties will default and not make payments according to the terms of the agreements) on an individual counterparty basis.
NOTE 16. REVENUE RELATED TO CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS
DISAGGREGATED REVENUE
The Company disaggregates its revenue from contracts with customers by product line for both the OFSE and IET segments, as the Company believes this best depicts how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. In addition, management views revenue from contracts with customers for OFSE by geography based on the location to where the product is shipped or the services are performed.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 87
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The series of tables below present the Company's revenue disaggregated by these categories.
Total Revenue 2024 2023 2022
Well Construction $ 4,145 $ 4,387 $ 3,854
Completions, Intervention, and Measurements
4,154 4,170 3,559
Production Solutions 3,860 3,854 3,587
Subsea & Surface Pressure Systems 3,470 2,950 2,230
Oilfield Services & Equipment 15,628 15,361 13,229
Gas Technology Equipment
5,693 4,232 2,599
Gas Technology Services
2,797 2,600 2,440
Total Gas Technology 8,490 6,832 5,039
Industrial Products
2,040 1,962 1,697
Industrial Solutions
1,065 983 884
Controls (1)
- 41 208
Total Industrial Technology 3,105 2,987 2,789
Climate Technology Solutions
605 326 98
Industrial & Energy Technology 12,201 10,145 7,926
Total $ 27,829 $ 25,506 $ 21,156
(1)The sale of the Company's controls business was completed in April 2023.
Oilfield Services & Equipment Geographic Revenue 2024 2023 2022
North America $ 3,955 $ 4,116 $ 3,764
Latin America 2,609 2,761 2,099
Europe/CIS/Sub-Saharan Africa 3,250 2,655 2,483
Middle East/Asia 5,814 5,829 4,883
Oilfield Services & Equipment $ 15,628 $ 15,361 $ 13,229
REMAINING PERFORMANCE OBLIGATIONS
As of December 31, 2024, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) performance obligations was $33.1 billion. As of December 31, 2024, the Company expects to recognize revenue of approximately 60%, 74% and 91% of the total remaining performance obligations within 2, 5, and 15 years, respectively, and the remaining thereafter. Contract modifications could affect both the timing to complete as well as the amount to be received as the Company fulfills the related remaining performance obligations.
NOTE 17. SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company's segments are determined as those operations whose results are reviewed regularly by the chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), who is the Company's Chief Executive Officer, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company reports its operating results through two operating segments, OFSE and IET. Each segment is organized and managed based upon the nature of the Company's markets and customers and consists of similar products and services. These products and services operate across upstream oil and gas and broader energy and industrial markets. The following is a description of each segment's business operations:
Oilfield Services & Equipment provides products and services for onshore and offshore oilfield operations across the lifecycle of a well, ranging from exploration, appraisal, and development, to production, rejuvenation, and decommissioning. OFSE is organized into four product lines: Well Construction, which encompasses drilling services, drill bits, and drilling & completions fluids; Completions, Intervention, and Measurements, which
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 88
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
encompasses well completions, pressure pumping, and wireline services; Production Solutions, which spans artificial lift systems and oilfield & industrial chemicals; and Subsea & Surface Pressure Systems, which encompasses subsea projects and services, surface pressure control, and flexible pipe systems. Beyond its traditional oilfield concentration, OFSE is expanding its capabilities and technology portfolio to meet the challenges of a net-zero future. These efforts include expanding into new energy areas such as geothermal and carbon capture, utilization and storage ("CCUS"), strengthening its digital architecture and addressing key energy market themes.
Industrial & Energy Technology provides technology solutions and services for mechanical-drive, compression and power-generation applications across the energy industry, including oil and gas, LNG operations, downstream refining, and petrochemical markets, as well as lower carbon solutions to broader energy and industrial sectors. IET also provides equipment, software, and services that serve a wide range of industries including petrochemical and refining, nuclear, aviation, automotive, mining, cement, metals, pulp and paper, and food and beverage. IET is organized into five product lines - Gas Technology Equipment, Gas Technology Services, Industrial Products, Industrial Solutions, and Climate Technology Solutions.
Revenue and operating income for each segment are used by the CODM to assess the performance of each segment in a financial period. The performance of the operating segments is evaluated based on segment operating income (loss), which is defined as income (loss) before income taxes before the following: net interest expense, net other non-operating income (loss), unallocated corporate expenses, significant restructuring plans, impairment and other charges, inventory impairments, and certain gains and losses not allocated to the operating segments. The CODM uses segment operating income (loss) as the measure to make resource (including financial or capital resources) allocation decisions for each segment, predominantly in the annual budget and forecasting process. The CODM considers budget-to-actual variances on a quarterly basis when evaluating performance for each segment and making decisions about capital allocation. Accounting policies have been applied consistently by all segments within the Company for all reporting periods. Intercompany revenue and expense amounts have been eliminated within each segment to report on the basis that management uses internally for evaluating segment performance.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 89
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Summarized financial information for the Company's segments is shown in the following tables.
OFSE
IET
Total
Revenue
$ 15,628 $ 12,201 $ 27,829
Cost of goods and services sold
(12,448) (8,738) (21,186)
Research and development
(260) (383) (643)
Selling, general and administrative
(932) (1,250) (2,182)
Segment operating income $ 1,988 $ 1,830 $ 3,818
OFSE
IET
Total
Revenue
$ 15,361 $ 10,145 $ 25,506
Cost of goods and services sold (12,282) (7,220) (19,502)
Research and development (278) (373) (651)
Selling, general and administrative (1,055) (1,242) (2,297)
Segment operating income $ 1,746 $ 1,310 $ 3,055
OFSE
IET
Total
Revenue
$ 13,229 $ 7,926 $ 21,156
Cost of goods and services sold
(10,789) (5,342) (16,131)
Research and development
(228) (307) (535)
Selling, general and administrative
(1,011) (1,142) (2,153)
Segment operating income $ 1,201 $ 1,135 $ 2,336
Reconciliation of segment operating income to income before income taxes:
2024 2023 2022
OFSE
$ 1,988 $ 1,746 $ 1,201
IET
1,830 1,310 1,135
Total segment 3,818 3,055 2,336
Corporate costs (1)
(363) (380) (416)
Inventory impairment (2)
(73) (35) (31)
Restructuring, impairment and other (301) (323) (705)
Other non-operating income (loss), net 382 554 (911)
Interest expense, net (198) (216) (252)
Income before income taxes
$ 3,265 $ 2,655 $ 22
(1)Corporate costs of $274 million, $313 million, and $357 million are reported in "Selling, general and administrative" related to general and administrative costs not allocated to the segments in the consolidated statements of income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Corporate costs of $89 million, $67 million, and $59 million are reported in "Cost of goods and services sold" primarily related to licensing costs not allocated to the segments in the consolidated statements of income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(2)Charges for inventory impairments are reported in "Cost of goods sold" in the consolidated statements of income (loss).
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table presents total assets at December 31:
Assets
2024 2023
OFSE
$ 18,781 $ 17,925
IET
13,838 13,781
Total segment 32,619 31,706
Corporate and eliminations (1)
5,744 5,239
Total $ 38,363 $ 36,945
(1)The assets in Corporate and eliminations consist primarily of the Baker Hughes trade name, cash, and tax assets. It also includes adjustments to eliminate intercompany investments and receivables reflected within the total assets of each of the reportable segments.
The following table presents depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31:
Depreciation and amortization
2024 2023 2022
OFSE
$ 893 $ 849 $ 845
IET
220 217 197
Total segment
1,113 1,066 1,042
Corporate 23 21 19
Total $ 1,136 $ 1,087 $ 1,061
The following table presents capital expenditures for the year ended December 31:
Capital expenditures
2024 2023 2022
OFSE
$ 954 $ 960 $ 791
IET
284 229 183
Total segment
1,238 1,189 974
Corporate 40 35 15
Total $ 1,278 $ 1,224 $ 989
The following table presents consolidated revenue based on the location to where the product is shipped or the services are performed. Other than the U.S., no other country accounted for more than 10% of the Company's consolidated revenue during the periods presented.
Revenue 2024 2023 2022
U.S. $ 7,383 $ 6,557 $ 4,942
Non-U.S. 20,446 18,949 16,214
Total $ 27,829 $ 25,506 $ 21,156
The following table presents net property, plant and equipment by its geographic location at December 31:
Property, plant and equipment - net 2024 2023
U.S. $ 1,794 $ 1,579
Non-U.S. 3,333 3,314
Total $ 5,127 $ 4,893
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 91
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 18. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company has an aeroderivative joint venture ("Aero JV") it formed with General Electric Company ("GE") in 2019. As of December 31, 2024, the Aero JV was jointly controlled by GE Vernova (NYSE: GEV) and the Company, each with ownership interest of 50%, and therefore, the Company does not consolidate the Aero JV. As a result of GE's spin-off of GE Vernova, GE transferred its interest in the Aero JV to GE Vernova in the second quarter of 2024. The Company had purchases from the Aero JV of $698 million, $517 million, and $528 million during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company has $117 million and $71 million of amounts due at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, for products and services provided by the Aero JV in the ordinary course of business.
During the second quarter of 2022, GE's ownership interest in the Company and BHH LLC was reduced to less than 5%. As a result, considering all aspects of the Company's relationship with GE, as of June 30, 2022, the Company no longer considered GE a related party. The Company had purchases with GE and its affiliates of $293 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022. In addition, the Company sold products and services to GE and its affiliates for $83 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022.
NOTE 19. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
LITIGATION
The Company is subject to legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. Because legal proceedings are inherently uncertain, management is unable to predict the ultimate outcome of such matters. The Company records a liability for those contingencies where the incurrence of a loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Based on the opinion of management, the Company does not expect the ultimate outcome of currently pending legal proceedings to have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. However, there can be no assurance as to the ultimate outcome of these matters.
On July 31, 2018, International Engineering & Construction S.A. ("IEC") initiated arbitration proceedings in New York administered by the International Center for Dispute Resolution ("ICDR") against the Company and its subsidiaries arising out of a series of sales and service contracts entered between IEC and the Company's subsidiaries for the sale and installation of LNG plants and related power generation equipment in Nigeria ("Contracts"). Prior to the filing of the IEC Arbitration, the Company's subsidiaries made demands for payment due under the Contracts. On August 15, 2018, the Company's subsidiaries initiated a separate demand for ICDR arbitration against IEC for claims of additional costs and amounts due under the Contracts. On October 10, 2018, IEC filed a Petition to Compel Arbitration in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against the Company seeking to compel non-signatory Baker Hughes entities to participate in the arbitration filed by IEC. The complaint is captioned International Engineering & Construction S.A. et al. v. Baker Hughes, a GE company, LLC, et al. No. 18-cv-09241 ("S.D.N.Y 2018"); this action was dismissed by the Court on August 13, 2019. In the arbitration, IEC alleges breach of contract and other claims against the Company and its subsidiaries and seeks recovery of alleged compensatory damages, in addition to reasonable attorneys' fees, expenses and arbitration costs. On March 15, 2019, IEC amended its request for arbitration to alleged damages of $591 million of lost profits plus unspecified additional costs based on alleged non-performance of the contracts in dispute. The arbitration hearing was held from December 9, 2019 to December 20, 2019. On March 3, 2020, IEC amended their damages claim to $700 million of alleged loss cash flow or, in the alternative, $244.9 million of lost profits and various costs based on alleged non-performance of the contracts in dispute, and in addition $4.8 million of liquidated damages, $58.6 million in take-or-pay costs of feed gas, and unspecified additional costs of rectification and take-or-pay future obligations, plus unspecified interest and attorneys' fees. On May 3, 2020, the arbitration panel dismissed IEC's request for take-or-pay damages. On May 29, 2020, IEC quantified their claim for legal fees at $14.2 million and reduced their alternative claim from $244.9 million to approximately $235 million. The Company and its subsidiaries have contested IEC's claims and are pursuing claims for compensation under the contracts. On October 31, 2020, the ICDR notified the arbitration panel's final award, which dismissed the majority of IEC's claims and awarded a portion of the Company's claims. On January 27, 2021, IEC filed a petition to vacate the arbitral award in the Supreme Court of New York, County of New York. On March 5, 2021, the Company filed a petition to confirm the arbitral award, and on March 8, 2021, the Company removed the matter to the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. On November 16, 2021, the court granted the Company's petition to
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 92
Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
confirm the award and denied IEC's petition to vacate. During the second quarter of 2022, IEC paid the amounts owed under the arbitration award, which had an immaterial impact on the Company's financial statements. On February 3, 2022, IEC initiated another arbitration proceeding in New York administered by the ICDR against certain of the Company's subsidiaries arising out of the same project which formed the basis of the first arbitration. On March 25, 2022, the Company's subsidiaries initiated a separate demand for ICDR arbitration against IEC for claims of additional costs and amounts due; such claims against IEC have now been resolved, with any consideration having an immaterial impact on the Company's financial statements. At this time, the Company is not able to predict the outcome of the proceeding which is pending against the Company's subsidiaries.
On or around February 15, 2023, the lead plaintiff and three additional named plaintiffs in a putative securities class action styled The Reckstin Family Trust, et al., v. C3.ai, Inc., et al., No. 4:22-cv-01413-HSG, filed an amended class action complaint (the "Amended Complaint") in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. The Amended Complaint names the following as defendants: (i) C3.ai., Inc. ("C3 AI"), (ii) certain of C3 AI's current and/or former officers and directors, (iii) certain underwriters for the C3 AI initial public offering (the "IPO"), and (iv) the Company, and its President and CEO (who formerly served as a director on the board of C3 AI). The Amended Complaint alleges violations of the Securities Act of 1933 ("the Securities Act") and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act") in connection with the IPO and the subsequent period between December 9, 2020 and December 2, 2021, during which BHH LLC held equity investments in C3 AI. The action seeks unspecified damages and the award of costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees. On February 22, 2024, the Court dismissed the claims against the Company. However, on April 4, 2024, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint, reasserting their claims against the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act. At this time, the Company is not able to predict the outcome of these proceedings.
The Company insures against risks arising from its business to the extent deemed prudent by management and to the extent insurance is available, but no assurance can be given that the nature and amount of that insurance will be sufficient to fully indemnify the Company against liabilities arising out of pending or future legal proceedings or other claims. Most of the Company's insurance policies contain deductibles or self-insured retentions in amounts management deems prudent and for which the Company is responsible for payment. In determining the amount of self-insurance, it is the Company's policy to self-insure those losses that are predictable, measurable and recurring in nature, such as claims for automobile liability, general liability and workers compensation.
ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
Item 103 of SEC Regulation S-K requires disclosure of certain environmental matters when a governmental authority is a party to the proceedings and such proceedings involve potential monetary sanctions that the Company reasonably believes will exceed a specified threshold. The Company uses a threshold of $1 million for such proceedings. Applying this threshold, there are no environmental matters to disclose for this period.
Estimated remediation costs are accrued using currently available facts, existing environmental permits, technology and enacted laws and regulations. The Company's cost estimates are developed based on internal evaluations and are not discounted. Accruals are recorded when it is probable that the Company will be obligated to pay for environmental site evaluation, remediation or related activities, and such costs can be reasonably estimated. As additional information becomes available, accruals are adjusted to reflect current cost estimates. The Company's total accrual for environmental remediation was $54 million and $58 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
OTHER
In the normal course of business with customers, vendors and others, the Company has entered into off-balance sheet arrangements, such as surety bonds for performance, letters of credit, and other bank issued guarantees. The Company also provides a guarantee to GE Vernova on behalf of a customer who entered into a financing arrangement with GE Vernova. Total off-balance sheet arrangements were approximately $5.6 billion at December 31, 2024. It is not practicable to estimate the fair value of these financial instruments. As of December 31, 2024, none of the off-balance sheet arrangements either has, or is likely to have, a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows. The Company also had commitments outstanding for purchase obligations for each of the five years in the period ending December 31, 2029 of $1,855
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
million, $308 million, $240 million, $95 million and $7 million, respectively, and $29 million in the aggregate thereafter.
The Company sometimes enters into a joint and several liability consortium or similar arrangements for certain projects. Under such arrangements, each party is responsible for performing a certain scope of work within the total scope of the contracted work, and the obligations expire when all contractual obligations are completed. The failure or inability, financially or otherwise, of any of the parties to perform their obligations could impose additional costs and obligations on the Company. These factors could result in unanticipated costs to complete the project, liquidated damages or contract disputes.
NOTE 20. RESTRUCTURING, IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER
The Company recorded restructuring, impairment and other charges of $301 million, $323 million, and $705 million during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
RESTRUCTURING AND ASSOCIATED IMPAIRMENT CHARGES
In 2024, the Company recorded restructuring and associated impairment charges of $260 million. The Company has initiated a streamlining of the OFSE operating model which will also reduce its facility footprint resulting in employee termination expenses and associated impairment of PP&E. These actions also resulted in inventory impairments of $73 million in 2024, recorded in "Cost of goods sold" in the consolidated statements of income (loss).
In 2023, the Company recorded restructuring and associated impairment charges of $313 million. Restructuring charges for 2023 include the finalization of the Company's corporate restructuring plan announced in 2022 (the "2022 Plan"), but are primarily costs recognized under a new plan (the "2023 Plan") for employee termination expenses related to exit activities at specific locations in the Company's segments to align with the Company's market outlook, rationalize the Company's manufacturing supply chain footprint and facilitate further cost efficiency. These actions also resulted in inventory impairments of $35 million in 2023, recorded in "Cost of goods sold" in the consolidated statements of income (loss).
In 2022, the Company recorded restructuring and associated impairment charges of $196 million. The charges related to the Company's 2022 Plan were primarily for employee termination expenses to facilitate the reorganization of the Company into two segments and corporate restructuring. In addition, PP&E impairments and other costs were recorded related to exit activities at specific locations in the OFSE segment.
The following table presents the restructuring and associated impairment charges by the impacted segment:
2024 2023 2022
Oilfield Services & Equipment $ 206 $ 148 $ 121
Industrial & Energy Technology (1)
13 98 36
Corporate 41 67 39
Total $ 260 $ 313 $ 196
(1)For the year ended December 31, 2024, $6 million of additional restructuring charges are included within segment operating income and reported in "Selling, general and administrative" in the consolidated statements of income (loss).
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table presents restructuring and associated impairment charges by type, and includes gains on the dispositions of certain property, plant and equipment as a consequence of exit activities:
2024 2023 2022
Property, plant and equipment
$ 77 $ (2) $ 58
Employee-related termination expenses 153 270 121
Asset relocation costs - 5 3
Contract termination fees 2 1 1
Other incremental costs 34 39 13
Total $ 266 $ 313 $ 196
OTHER CHARGES
Other charges included in "Restructuring, impairment and other" in the consolidated statements of income (loss) were $41 million, $10 million, and $509 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
In 2022, other charges were primarily associated with the discontinuation of the Company's Russia operations. As a result of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the Company took actions to suspend substantially all operational activities related to Russia. These actions resulted in other charges of $334 million recorded in the second quarter of 2022 primarily associated with the suspension of contracts including all IET LNG contracts, and the impairment of assets consisting primarily of contract assets, PP&E and reserve for accounts receivable. In addition to these charges, the Company recorded inventory impairments of $31 million primarily in IET as a result of suspending the Company's Russia operations, which are reported in "Cost of goods sold" in the consolidated statements of income (loss).
In 2022, the Company also recorded other charges of $84 million in the OFSE segment primarily related to the impairment of PP&E and intangibles for the subsea production systems business due to a decrease in the estimated future cash flows driven by a decline in the Company's long-term market outlook for this business, and $68 million in the IET segment primarily related to a write-off of an equity method investment and the release of foreign currency translation adjustments. The charges in 2022 also include separation related costs.
NOTE 21. BUSINESS DISPOSITIONS AND ACQUISITIONS
The Company had no business acquisitions or dispositions for the year ended December 31, 2024.
DISPOSITIONS
The Company completed several business dispositions during 2023 and 2022 as described below. Any gain or loss on a business disposition is reported in "Other non-operating income (loss), net" in the consolidated statements of income (loss).
During 2023, the Company completed the sale of businesses and received total cash consideration of $293 million. The dispositions consisted primarily of the sale of the Nexus Controls business in the IET segment to GE in April 2023, which resulted in an immaterial gain. Nexus Controls specializes in scalable industrial controls systems, safety systems, hardware, and software cybersecurity solutions and services.
During 2022, the Company sold part of the OFSE Russia business to local management for a nominal amount, which resulted in a loss before income taxes of $451 million.
ACQUISITIONS
During 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of businesses for total cash consideration of $301 million, net of cash acquired, which consisted primarily of the acquisition of Altus Intervention in the OFSE segment in April 2023. Altus Intervention is a leading international provider of well intervention services and downhole technology.
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Baker Hughes Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The assets acquired and liabilities assumed in these acquisitions were recorded based on preliminary estimates of their fair values as of the acquisition date. As a result of these acquisitions, the Company recorded $138 million of goodwill and $58 million of intangible assets, subject to final fair value adjustments. Pro forma results of operations for these acquisitions have not been presented because the effects of these acquisitions were not material to the Company's consolidated financial statements.
During 2022, the Company completed several acquisitions for total cash consideration of $767 million, net of cash acquired of $50 million, subject to the finalization of post-closing working capital adjustments. The transactions have been accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting and accordingly, assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their fair values as of the acquisition date. As a result of these acquisitions, the Company recorded $458 million of goodwill and $211 million of intangible assets. Pro forma results of operations for these acquisitions have not been presented because the effects of these acquisitions were not material to the Company's consolidated financial statements.
NOTE 22. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
ALL OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES
All other current liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 include $1,237 million and $1,346 million, respectively, of employee related liabilities.
ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
The following table presents the change in allowance for credit losses:
2024 2023
Balance at beginning of year $ 350 $ 341
Provision 77 79
Write-offs (153) (26)
Prior year recoveries (35) (31)
Other (7) (13)
Balance at end of year $ 232 $ 350
SUPPLY CHAIN FINANCE PROGRAMS
The following table presents the change in SCF program liabilities:
Balance at beginning of year $ 332
Purchases
1,484
Payments (1,405)
Balance at end of year $ 411
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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of December 31, 2024, our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) were effective at a reasonable assurance level.
There has been no change in our internal controls over financial reporting during the year ended December 31, 2024, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Rule 10b5-1 and Non-Rule 10b5-1 Trading Arrangements
During the three months ended December 31, 2024, certain of our officers or directors listed below adopted or terminated trading arrangements for the sale of shares of our Class A common stock in amounts and prices determined in accordance with a formula set forth in each such plan:
Plans
Name and Title
Action
Date
Rule 10b5-1 (1)
Non-Rule 10b5-1 (2)
Number of Shares to be Sold
Expiration
Nancy Buese,
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Adoption
November 21, 2024 X
80,000 Earlier of when all shares under plan are sold and March 13, 2026
James E. Apostolides,
Senior Vice President, Enterprise Operational Excellence
Adoption
November 12, 2024 X
22,357 Earlier of when all shares under plan are sold and October 31, 2025
(1)Intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c)
(2)Not intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c)

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Information regarding our Code of Conduct and the Code of Ethical Conduct Certifications for our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer are described in Item 1. Business of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Information concerning our directors is set forth in the sections entitled "Proposal No. 1, Election of Directors - Board Nominees for Directors," and "Corporate Governance - Committees of the Board" in our Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act within 120 days of the end of our fiscal year on December 31, 2024 ("Proxy Statement"), which sections are incorporated herein by reference. For information regarding our executive officers, see "Item 1. Business - Executive Officers of Baker Hughes" in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
We have adopted an Insider Trading Policy that governs the purchase, sale, and/or other dispositions of our securities by our directors, officers, and employees that is designed to promote compliance with insider trading laws, rules, and regulations, and any listing standards applicable to us. A copy of our Insider Trading Policy, as amended to date, is filed as Exhibit 19.1 to this Annual Report.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Information for this item is set forth in the following section of our Proxy Statement, which section is incorporated herein by reference: "Executive Compensation."

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Information concerning security ownership of certain beneficial owners and our management is set forth in the sections entitled "Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners" and "Stock Ownership of Section 16(a) Director and Executive Officers" in our Proxy Statement, which sections are incorporated herein by reference.
We permit our employees, officers and directors to enter into written trading plans complying with Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. Rule 10b5-1 provides criteria under which such an individual may establish a prearranged plan to buy or sell a specified number of shares of a company's stock over a set period of time. Persons using such plan must act in good faith with respect to the contract with the broker executing the trades, trading instructions and the trading plan as a whole. Such plan must be established at a time when the individual is not in possession of material, nonpublic information and will be subject to a cooling off period to the initial trade thereunder. If an individual establishes a plan satisfying the requirements of Rule 10b5-1, such individual's subsequent receipt of material, nonpublic information will not prevent transactions under the plan from being executed. Certain of our officers have advised us that they have and may enter into stock sales plans for the sale of shares of our Class A common stock which are intended to comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act. In addition, the Company has and may in the future enter into repurchases of our Class A common stock under a plan that complies with Rule 10b5-1 or Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 98
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The information in the following table is presented as of December 31, 2024 with respect to shares of our Class A common stock that may be issued under our current and prior LTI Plans (in millions, except per share prices).
Equity Compensation Plan
Category Number of
Securities to be
Issued Upon
Exercise of
Outstanding
Options, Warrants
and Rights Weighted Average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding
Options, Warrants
and Rights Number of Securities
Remaining Available
for Future Issuance
Under Equity
Compensation Plans
(excluding securities
reflected in the first
column)
Shareholder-approved plans 1.4 $ 31.99 19.2
Nonshareholder-approved plans - - -
Subtotal (except for weighted average exercise price)
1.4 31.99 19.2
Employee stock purchase plan
- - 6.9 (1)
Total 1.4 $ 31.99 26.0
(1)Employee stock purchase plan shares of 0.4 million will be issued in the first quarter of 2025 that relate to the three months ended December 31, 2024 purchase period. The remaining 6.5 million shares are available for future issuance.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Information for this item is set forth in the sections entitled "Corporate Governance-Director Independence" and "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions" in our Proxy Statement, which sections are incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
Our independent registered public accounting firm is KPMG LLP, Houston, Texas, Auditor Firm ID: 185. Information concerning principal accountant fees and services is set forth in the section entitled "Fees Paid to KPMG LLP" in our Proxy Statement, which section is incorporated herein by reference.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 99
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) List of Documents filed as part of this Annual Report.
(1) Financial Statements
All financial statements of the Company as set forth under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(2) Financial Statement Schedules
The schedules listed in Reg. 210.5-04 have been omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(3) Exhibits
Each exhibit identified below is filed as a part of this Annual Report. Exhibits designated with an "*" are filed as an exhibit to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and exhibits designated with an "**" are furnished as an exhibit to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Exhibits designated with a "+" are identified as management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements. Exhibits designated with ∞ indicate that portions of this exhibit have been redacted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K. Exhibits previously filed are incorporated by reference.
Exhibit Number
Exhibit Description
3.1
Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Baker Hughes Company dated May 13, 2024.
3.2
Sixth Amended and Restated Bylaws of Baker Hughes Company dated February 1, 2024.
4.1
Indenture, dated October 28, 2008, between Baker Hughes Incorporated (as predecessor to Baker Hughes Holdings LLC) and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee.
4.2
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated July 3, 2017, to the Indenture dated as of October 28, 2008, among Baker Hughes Holdings LLC, Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee.
4.3
Third Supplemental Indenture, dated December 11, 2017, to the Indenture dated as of October 28, 2008, among Baker Hughes Holdings LLC, Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee.
4.4
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated November 7, 2019, to the Indenture dated as of October 28, 2008, among Baker Hughes Holdings LLC, Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc. and the Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee.
4.5
Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated May 1, 2020 to the Indenture dated as of October 28, 2008, among Baker Hughes Holdings LLC, Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee.
4.6
Sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated December 9, 2021 to the Indenture dated as of October 28, 2008, among Baker Hughes Holdings LLC, Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee.
4.7
Seventh Supplemental Indenture dated December 31, 2023, to the Indenture dated as of October 28, 2008, among Baker Hughes Holdings LLC and Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc., as Existing Obligors, Baker Hughes Company, as Parent Guarantor, and the Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee.
4.8
Indenture, dated May 15, 1994, between Western Atlas Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee.
4.9
First Supplemental Indenture dated July 3, 2017, to the Indenture dated as of May 15, 1994, by and among Baker Hughes Holdings LLC, Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc., Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations, LLC and Baker Hughes International Branches, LLC, as New Obligors, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee.
4.10
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated December 31, 2023, to the Indenture dated as of May 15, 1994, by and among Baker Hughes Holdings LLC, Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc., Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations, LLC and Baker Hughes International Branches, LLC, as Existing Obligors, Baker Hughes Company, as Parent Guarantor, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 100
4.11
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 3, 2017, to the Indenture dated as of May 15, 1991, among Baker Hughes Holdings LLC, Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee.
4.12
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 31, 2023, to the Indenture dated as of May 15, 1991, among Baker Hughes Holdings LLC and Baker Hughes Co-Obligor, Inc., as Existing Obligors, Baker Hughes Company, as Parent Guarantor, and the Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee.
4.13
Description of Securities Registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
4.14
Form of Stock Certificate for Class A Common Stock of Baker Hughes Company under the Laws of the State of Delaware.
10.1
Transaction Agreement, dated as of February 28, 2019, between Baker Hughes Holdings LLC, General Electric Company and GE Aero Power LLC.
10.2
STDA Side Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2019, between Baker Hughes Holdings LLC and General Electric Company.
10.3*∞
Second Amended and Restated Supply and Technology Development Agreement, dated as of December 29, 2024, between Baker Hughes Holdings LLC and General Electric Company.
10.4
Umbrella Aero-Derivatives IP Agreement, dated as of November 13, 2018, between General Electric Company and Baker Hughes Holdings LLC.
10.5
TMA Master Settlement Agreement as of February 13, 2023 among General Electric Company, Baker Hughes Company, EHHC Newco, LLC and Baker Hughes Holdings LLC to settle disputes under the Tax Matters Agreement.
10.6
Credit Agreement, dated as of November 21, 2023, among Baker Hughes Holdings LLC, as the borrower, Baker Hughes Company, as the parent guarantor, the lenders party thereto, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent.
10.7+
Baker Hughes Company 2017 Long-Term Incentive Plan.
10.8+
Baker Hughes Company 2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan.
10.9+
Baker Hughes Company Executive Officer Short Term Incentive Compensation Plan as Amended and Restated.
10.10+
Baker Hughes Company Non-Employee Director Deferral Plan as Amended and Restated.
10.11+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Director Deferred Stock Unit Award Agreement dated May 2024.
10.12+
Amendment to the Baker Hughes Company Benefits Plans including the Baker Hughes Company 2017 Long-Term Incentive Plan.
10.13+
Baker Hughes Company Executive Severance Program.
10.14+
First Amendment to the Baker Hughes Company Executive Severance Program effective January 1, 2020.
10.15+
Baker Hughes Company Executive Change in Control Severance Plan.
10.16+
Baker Hughes Company Employee Stock Purchase Plan as Amended and Restated.
10.17+
Baker Hughes Company Supplementary Pension Plan as Amended and Restated Effective as of December 31, 2018.
10.18+
Amendment to the Baker Hughes Holdings LLC Sponsored Benefit Plans including the Baker Hughes Company Supplementary Pension Plan.
10.19+
Baker Hughes Company Supplemental Retirement Plan, as amended and restated effective as of January 1, 2020.
10.20+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Indemnification Agreement dated July 2017.
10.21+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Director and Officer Indemnification Agreement dated March 18, 2020.
10.22+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Stock Option Award Agreement dated July 2017.
10.23+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Senior Executive Stock Option Award Agreement dated July 2017.
10.24+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Stock Option Award Agreement dated January 2018.
10.25+
Offer Letter between Baker Hughes Company and Lorenzo Simonelli, dated as of August 1, 2017.
10.26+
Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement between Baker Hughes Company and Lorenzo Simonelli dated as of June 1, 2018.
10.27+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Stock Option Award Agreement dated January 2019.
10.28+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (three year ratable vest) dated January 2020.
Baker Hughes Company 2024 Form 10-K | 101
10.29+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (three year cliff vest) dated January 2020.
10.30+
Baker Hughes Company Form of ROIC Performance Share Unit Award Agreement dated January 2020.
10.31+
Baker Hughes Company Form of TSR Performance Share Unit Award Agreement dated January 2020.
10.32+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Stock Option Award Agreement dated January 2020.
10.33+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (three year cliff vest) dated January 2021.
10.34+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (three year ratable vest) dated January 2021.
10.35+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Performance Share Unit Award Agreement dated January 2021.
10.36+
Form of Transformation Incentive Award Agreement dated January 2021.
10.37+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Executive Officer Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (three year ratable vest) dated January 2022.
10.38+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Executive Officer Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (three year cliff vest) dated January 2022.
10.39+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Executive Officer Performance Share Unit Award Agreement dated January 2022.
10.40+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Director Stock Unit Award Agreement dated March 2022.
10.41+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Executive Officer Performance Share Unit Award Agreement dated January 2023.
10.42+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (2-year cliff vest for new hires) dated January 2023.
10.43+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (2-year ratable vest for new hires) dated January 2023.
10.44
Plea Agreement between Baker Hughes Services International, Inc. and the United States Department of Justice filed on April 26, 2007, with the United States District Court of Texas, Houston Division.
10.45+
Baker Hughes Company Form of Executive Officer Performance Share Unit Award Agreement dated February 2024.
19*
Insider Trading Policy.
21*
Subsidiaries of the Company.
22.1
List of Subsidiary Guarantors of Guaranteed Securities.
23.1*
Consent of KPMG LLP.
31.1*
Certification of Lorenzo Simonelli, President and Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
31.2*
Certification of Nancy Buese, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
32**
Certification of Lorenzo Simonelli, President and Chief Executive Officer, and Nancy Buese, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
95*
Mine Safety Disclosures.
Recoupment of Compensation Policy.
101.INS* XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH* XBRL Schema Document.
101.CAL* XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.LAB* XBRL Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE* XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF* XBRL Definition Linkbase Document.
104*
Cover Page Interactive Data File (Embedded within the Inline XBRL document and included in Exhibit
101).