EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1808377
Filing Year: 2025
Filename: 1808377_10-K_2025_0001829126-25-002025.json

---

ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Item 1. Business.
Our History
We develop and sell smart eyeglasses and sunglasses, which are designed to allow our customers to remain connected to their digital lives, while also offering prescription eyewear and sun protection. Founded and headquartered in Miami, Florida, we were initially organized as a Florida limited liability company effective August 15, 2019. On March 26, 2020, we converted from a Florida limited liability company into a Florida corporation.
We were founded by Lucyd Ltd., the inventor and licensor of the technology that our products are based upon, which is a portfolio company of Tekcapital Europe Ltd. (“Tekcapital”). Tekcapital is a U.K. based university intellectual property accelerator which builds portfolio companies around new technologies.
Our Products
Our smart eyewear products enable the wearer to listen to music, take and make calls, and use voice assistants and ChatGPT to perform many common smartphone tasks hands-free. Since the official launch of our first commercial product, our goal has been to create smart eyewear for all-day wear that looks like and is priced similarly to designer eyewear, but is also lightweight and comfortable, and enables the wearer to remain connected to their digital lives. Through our various product offerings as described below, we have created a smart upgrade for all four of the major types of eyewear: prescription eyeglasses, ready-to-wear sunglasses, safety glasses, and sport glasses.
● Our core product line, Lucyd Lyte® (which includes the Lyte XL units), was first introduced in 2021 and continues to grow and expand with the ongoing addition of new styles and multiple technological upgrades and advancements. The Company is continuously iterating and improving its frame lineup, offering a mixture of “Lucyd icons” (styles that have consistently performed well since the introduction of Lucyd Lyte) and new styles seasonally to align with market trends and evolving consumer demand. We currently offer 13 different models under the Lucyd Lyte collection.
● In January 2024, we launched the Nautica® Powered by Lucyd smart eyewear collection in eight different styles, along with various branded accessories including a power brick, cleaning cloth, and a slipcase adorned with the iconic Nautica sail logo. This collection introduced the Company’s first “global fit” style, which supports low nose bridge customers.
● In April 2024, we launched the Eddie Bauer® Powered by Lucyd smart eyewear collection in four different styles, which showcases the first-to-market rimless smart eyewear design. We believe the Eddie Bauer collection is the Company’s most premium product to date, and features brushed titanium hardware, improved sound quality, and includes the patent-pending Lucyd dock with every unit.
● In October 2024, we launched the Lucyd Armor line, an ANSI-certified smart safety glass designed for all-day wear. This new line provides all the powerful features of Lucyd eyewear in a stylish safety wrap.
● We plan to launch the Reebok® Powered by Lucyd sport smart sunglasses collection in the second quarter of 2025, and launch the Reebok® Powered by Lucyd premium optical collection in the fourth quarter of 2025.
Our current product offering consists of 26 different models (soon to increase to 34 different styles with the pending launch of the Reebok® sport collection), which offers a similar amount of style variety as many traditional eyewear collections. All styles are available with 100+ different lens types, resulting in thousands of variations of products currently available. We believe our brand partnerships play a significant role in our revenue growth by offering a more diversified product line that speaks to consumers from different demographics (for example, Nautica® generally appeals to a more fashion-forward customer than Lucyd Lyte, and Eddie Bauer® generally appeals to an older demographic than our other lines).
Some of the many things our customers can do with their Lucyd smartglasses include:
1. “Send a voice message to (contact)”: this command begins the recording of an audio message to be sent to named contact.
2. “Send a text to (contact)”: begins recording of a speech-to-text message to be sent by SMS to named contact.
3. “Call (contact)”: speed-dials the named contact.
4. “Send $___ to (contact)”: this command allows the user to send money to a contact via Venmo or Apple Cash.
5. “Check my messages”: this command reads out the user’s latest incoming text messages and offers a prompt to reply to each.
6. “Check my mailbox”: this command announces the number of unread emails, and reads them out with a prompt to continue after each one. In the prompt after each one, the user can tell their digital assistant “Reply” and dictate an email response to the previous email.
7. “Find (cuisine type) food nearby”: this command reads through a list of nearby restaurants and their ratings, and prompts the user for directions or to call after each one.
8. “Call me an Uber”: this command prompts the user on which type of Uber ride they want, then asks to confirm to send a car to the user’s location.
9. “What time is it?”: announces the current time.
10. “Play (song/album/artist)”: this command begins playing the requested song, album, or artist via Apple Music.
11. “Get me directions to (location)”: this command begins navigating on phone, with audible directions on glasses.
12. “Take a memo”: this command begins recording a speech-to-text memo in Notes, which can also be played back to the user.
Since the initial launch of Lucyd Lyte, we witnessed growing interest and demand from customers throughout the United States and have sold thousands of our smart glasses. We believe smart eyewear is a product category whose time has come, and we believe we are well positioned to capitalize on and help develop this exciting new sector - where eyewear meets electronics in a user-friendly, mass market format, priced similarly to designer eyewear.
The Company currently has 115 patents and applications, 44 of which were licensed from Lucyd Ltd., 25 assigned directly to Innovative Eyewear, and 46 licensed from Ingeniospec.
Software and Apps
In April 2023, we introduced a major software upgrade for our glasses with the launch of the Lucyd app for iOS and Android. This free application enables the user to converse with the extremely popular ChatGPT AI language model on our glasses, to instantly gain the benefit of one of the world’s most powerful AI assistants in a hands-free ergonomic interface. The app deploys a powerful and unique Siri integration with the Open AI API for ChatGPT, as well as a Bixby integration for Samsung phones, developed internally by the Company. The Company has filed a patent application related to this software.
In the second quarter of 2024, we added a “Pro” version of the app, which provides unlimited ChatGPT interactions and priority tech support for a modest monthly or annual fee. This is a new revenue stream for our business, and represents our first diversification in product revenue from frames and lenses.
In July 2024, we launched a new feature called “Walkie” for the Lucyd app, which enables thousands of users to join each other on walkie-talkie style communication channels. This feature was designed with the new Lucyd Armor smart safety glass product in mind, to enable coworking teams to communicate freely on smart eyewear. We plan to launch more new features for the Lucyd app in the future, such as an audio equalizer enabling the user to optimize sound output for different types of content such as calls and podcasts, and touch control customizations.
We believe these developments make our Lucyd eyewear perhaps the smartest smartglasses available today, and represent a significant marketing opportunity for our core smartglass products.
Kiosks and Retail Fixtures
A large part of our strategy is not just to provide a leading smart eyewear platform, but to build a highly functional mobile software and interactive retail fixture ecosystem to support user adoption and “stickiness” with our products. We have engineered and provided a variety of virtual try-on kiosks, modular display systems, and interactive LCD fixtures to fit any retail environment. These devices introduce our products to prospective retail customers and enable them to digitally try-on our line of smart glasses in a touch-free manner. Many of our retail fixtures allow for customization to suit our retail store partners’ needs, and the most recently developed fixtures feature a proprietary kiosk app we recently developed in-house. Our most advanced displays offer a complete Lucyd experience, including virtual try-on, social media content, detailed product info and videos, and seamless music demos - which overall provide an immersive onboarding experience for prospective customers in retail stores carrying our frames.
Our Mission
Our mission is to Upgrade Your Eyewear®. Our smart eyewear is a fusion of headphones with glasses, bringing vision correction and protection together with digital connectivity and clear audio, while also offering a safer solution for listening to music outdoors (as compared to in-ear headphones). The convenience of having a Bluetooth headset and comfortable glasses in one, especially for those who are already accustomed to all-day eyewear use, offers a lifestyle upgrade at a price most consumers can afford.
In a sense, we view this integration of technology and vison correction/protection as the next evolutionary step in the development of eyewear. Over the entire course of eyewear development and history, many of the innovations have dealt with improving the lenses of the glasses. Notably, eyewear frames have not improved much in the past 400 years, with the exception, in our view, of the utilization of plastic to reduce weight and provide a wider range of designs and finishes, and the introduction of new hinge types. We view the integration of Bluetooth technology into the arms of the glasses as one of the key next steps enhance one of the world’s most important wearables: eyewear.
Additionally, as part of our commitment to a great customer experience, we listen to feedback from our customers, and continuously strive to improve customer satisfaction and experience with our products.
We have made strong strides towards our goal of making smart eyewear accessible to the mass market. Several developments towards this end include developing our smart frames in multiple temple lengths; the introduction of smart eyewear specifically for women and youth, which are typically missing from similar offerings; and the introduction of smart eyewear for adults with petite or narrow faces. Our expansive product offering currently consists of 26 different models (soon to increase to 34 different styles with the pending launch of the Reebok® sport collection), which offers a similar amount of style variety as many traditional eyewear collections. When paired with the Lucyd app, our smartglasses provide a new and safer wearable user experience suitable for everyone.
Our goal is to become a meaningful player in the smart eyewear market. Our successes to date demonstrate our ability to not only compete, but to lead in the rapidly changing and expanding technological eyewear market, and we intend to continue spearheading innovation in the field.
Giving Back
We donate an optical frame for every Lucyd Lyte sold at retail.
We are also very active in supporting the various communities we serve through donations and support. From the beginning, Innovative Eyewear has supported those in need through our donation of glasses frames to New Eyes (https://new-eyes.org/about-us), a charity dedicated to helping children and adults in need of eyewear. We’ve partnered with New Eyes because they fit the Lucyd brand mission: enhancing the vision of people all over the world, and we believe that it simply is the right thing to do. We have also participated in a partnership with the Miami Rescue Mission to support our local community with eyewear. Our most recent donation was made in January 2024, and consisted of 3,000 eyeglass, sunglass, and reading glass frames.
Additionally, university students, educators, healthcare workers, uniformed service members, and veterans are eligible for an ongoing 18% discount off all frames and lens upgrades on www.lucyd.co.
Our Market Opportunity
One of our key opportunities is converting traditional eyeglass and sunglass wearers to smart eyewear consumers, since these customers are already familiar with wearing optical products. According to a 2021 report of the Vision Council, a non-profit trade association that serves member companies of the optical industry, there are approximately 167 million adults wearing prescription eyeglasses in the United States.
According to the Vision Council, the total addressable market for eyewear in the U.S. was $68 billion in 2024, growing at about 2.7% from 2023. The smartglass market size was estimated at $1.9 billion worldwide in 2024, and is expected to grow at a compounded annual growth rate of 27% from 2025 to 2030 according to Grand View Research.
At the same time, the market for digital assistants like Siri, Google Voice, Bixby, and Alexa has grown rapidly worldwide in recent years, estimated at over 8 billion voice assistant-enabled devices in use in 2024, doubling the amount from 2020 and indicating strong proliferation of voice-controlled devices. We view the popularity of voice assistants as an important catalyst for the smart eyewear market, since hands-free access to voice-based AI is a notable feature thereof and a key advantage of our products over standalone smartphone usage.
The common denominator among markets for hearables and digital assistants is that they facilitate real-time access to digital data, whether it is through music, calls, navigational directions, or information, among other uses. The combination of hearables and digital assistants provides a transparent, ergonomic interface between the users and their digital lives. At Innovative Eyewear, we are dedicated to a touch-free interface and untethering our customers eyes from their smartphone screens, through our smart eyewear product.
The synergistic fusion of these three markets (eyewear, digital assistants, and hearables) enables, in our view, an opportunity to create a completely new experience of connected eyewear, which smoothly delivers the functionality of both optical glasses and headphones, eliminating the need for either on its own. Nevertheless, several orthodoxies of the eyewear industry still hold, namely: if you want to sell a lot of eyewear, we believe it should be attractive, stylish, comfortable (e.g., lightweight, which we believe to be approximately one ounce), and cost roughly the same as traditional eyewear. This is what we have sought to achieve, and in our view have accomplished with the introduction of Lucyd Lyte eyewear.
A key indicator of the potential future success of smart eyewear in the consumer market is the rise of smartwatches, which as early as 2018 have intermittently surpassed traditional wristwatches in unit sales in the United States. We believe that the similarities between smartwatches and smart eyewear compared to their traditional counterparts indicate that the future of eyewear will also be smart.
Our Business Strategy
When we initially organized Innovative Eyewear five years ago, there was, in our view, no attractive smart eyewear that addressed the basic consumer need for good looking designer glasses that were stylish, comfortable, lightweight, and provided the functionality of hearables, and priced around the same as regular glasses.
At the core of our strategy are the following principles:
1. Consumers prefer smart eyewear that looks and feels like traditional glasses and sunglasses; this is a key element in the design of all of our frames, and makes it easier for traditional eyewear users to switch to our products.
2. For a smart eyewear line to achieve mass market penetration, it should cost a similar amount to traditional designer eyewear, especially while the category is still emerging and most consumers and not yet familiar with it.
3. Smart eyewear must be user-friendly and have an interface that is easy to navigate by the wearer, even when their hands are wet or gloved. As such, we deploy highly tactile interfaces on our eyewear.
4. The battery life of smart eyewear should be sufficient to support smart functionalities throughout the day without needing to be recharged mid-day.
5. Rather than burdening our hardware with mechanical features such as cameras and microdisplays which may be unnecessary for many users, we instead leverage software platforms that can add functionality without increasing the weight or size of the frames.
6. By adhering to the above principles, we can eliminate any “costs of switching” from traditional eyewear to smart eyewear, and build customer lifetime value by offering a more powerful combination of fashion, smart features, and vision correction and protection than available from other companies.
All of our products are designed in Miami, manufactured in China, and sold through e-commerce channels, including on our website (Lucyd.co), BestBuy.com, DicksSportingGoods.com, Brookstone.com, Walmart.com, Target.com, and Amazon.com, and sold by over 300 optical and sporting goods retailers. Additionally, we are pursuing online and in-store big box retailers, and in-store and online specialty retailers. Based on the existing demand for our products, current distribution, and recently consummated supply agreements, we anticipate that our products will be available in a significant number of new third-party retail locations in 2025.
We believe that people care about what they wear on their faces, and because we understand that customers have diverse preferences about the shape, size, and design of their eyewear, we aim to continuously introduce new models in an effort to offer a wide variety of designs. We continuously present new models of eyewear to our network of followers to vote on those styles they find most appealing. We view this as community approved design.
Competition
The smart eyewear industry in which we operate is competitive and subject to changes in practice. While we believe that our products are a hybrid of eyeglasses and Bluetooth audio technology, which gives us a unique product that provides us with competitive advantages, we may face competition from many different entities now and in the future. Currently, we face competition from the following products:
● Amazon’s Carrera Echo Glasses (Third Gen).
● Solos Glasses.
● Ray-Ban Meta Glasses.
All of the competitors discussed above have substantially greater manufacturing, financial, research and development, personnel, and marketing resources than we do. As a result, although we believe our products are currently superior, our competitors may be able to develop superior products, and compete more aggressively and sustain their competitive advantage over a longer period of time than us. Our products may be rendered obsolete in the face of competition.
We do not see our products as directly competing with augmented reality / head-mounted display products such as Apple Vision Pro, due to radically different use cases and pricing structures.
Our Competitive Strengths
A Unique Solution to a Common Problem. While immensely useful, smartphones can present a safety hazard to motorists, pedestrians, and cyclists because smartphones can distract people from the task or activity at hand. According to the Governors Highway Safety Association, there were over 7,000 pedestrian deaths in the U.S. in 2023, and experts believe smartphones were partially to blame. Recent data from the Governors Highway Safety Association indicates that since 2010, the number of pedestrian deaths rose by 77%, while all other traffic deaths increased by 22% (Pedestrian Traffic Fatalities by State: 2023 Preliminary Data - (https://www.ghsa.org/resources/Pedestrians24). We believe that the distraction created by smartphones originates in two forms: (1) via headphones or earbuds, where the user is deprived of full audible situational awareness; and (2) via the visual interface of the phone, which distracts the user completely from their surroundings. Lucyd Lyte open-ear audio helps address this problem by having the speakers mounted at the temples (in the arms) of the glasses. There is nothing in the ear canal and, as a result, individuals can better maintain situational awareness, such as hearing the traffic around them, as well as nearby sounds. Many of our competitors have relatively bulky speakers enclosed within the temples, while Lucyd Lyte’s speakers and temples are thin, which allows them to look similar to traditional designer glasses. Furthermore, through the quick and easy touch controls on Lucyd Lyte glasses, the wearer can perform many tasks for which they would normally pull out their phone - thus our glasses help untether the eyes of the user from their smartphones throughout the day and enable them to remain more visually vigilant and aware of the traffic around them.
Affordable Price Point. Our Lucyd Lyte eyewear provides both optical-quality glasses and a Bluetooth headset together, at roughly the same price as a traditional pair of designer glasses, which is core to the disruptive potential of our product. Our Lucyd Lyte line of smart eyewear enables prescription and sunglass wearers to interact with digital assistants and social media without having to take their eyes off the road and are nearly hands-free, thereby improving the safety and convenience of taking calls, listening to music, and audibly accessing digital information on the go. The Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price (“MSRP”) for Lucyd Lyte 2.0 eyewear starts at $149, with advanced options and customizations available at higher price points, which are at the discretion of the customer. A basic prescription lens upgrade is offered for $40. By comparison, most of our U.S.-based competitors offer products that are more expensive, starting at approximately $249 or higher, with higher costs to add prescriptions.
Quality. All of our frames can be outfitted in-house or by optical resellers with any combination of prescription, sunglass, reading, and blue light lens formats. Our frame fronts are made with what we believe are high quality optical materials to ensure easy lens fitting by any optician.
Customizable Product Offering. There are 100+ lens types available for Lucyd Lyte, making it the most customizable smart eyewear in the world. Innovative Eyewear has a partnership with a high-quality optical lab in Boston to produce prescription and custom lenses for our frames quickly and affordably. Our contract with a third-party optical lab also allows us to offer direct prescription fulfillment to our customers.
Comfort. At just 1.0 - 1.5 ounces, our eyewear has a feather-light fit, suitable for all day vision correction or sun protection (traditional glasses weigh about 1 ounce). This is especially important while on the go. Our 1.0 ounce titanium aviators are among the lightest smart eyewear ever made.
Long Battery Life. At 12 hours of playback per charge, our current product offering of Lucyd eyewear outpaces most, if not all, of the competition on battery life.
Capital Light Business Model. All of our products are sold through multiple e-commerce channels, including on our website (Lucyd.co), BestBuy.com, DicksSportingGoods.com, Brookstone.com, Walmart.com, Target.com, and Amazon.com, and are distributed through optical or other retailers (such as, but not limited to, Metro Optics Eyewear and Marca Eyewear Group, Inc.). We believe this capital light approach is highly scalable and efficient in the deployment of resources. We view “capital light” as being more efficient by obviating the need to build factories and retail stores, while partnering with existing companies in both of these groups.
Multiple-Channel Approach. We sell our products both through multiple online channels and multiple categories of brick-and-mortar retail stores. We believe this multi-channel approach provides us with an advantage against our competitors who sell in a narrower selection of channels.
Experienced Management Team. We have an experienced board of directors with more than 100 years of combined experience in the eyewear industry, and a management team with substantial experience in software and electronics engineering and operating eyewear and technology companies.
Sales
We have two major sales channels: (1) e-commerce via Lucyd.co and Amazon, and (2) our ongoing development of a network of eyewear, sporting goods, and electronics resellers, including but not limited to, BestBuy.com, DicksSportingGoods.com, Brookstone.com, Walmart.com, and Target.com, to offer our frames. Most of our resellers are experienced opticians who provide valuable feedback that informs the development of our product lines, which we would not receive if we were solely direct to consumer. Additionally, we have a robust presence on multiple e-commerce and social media platforms, which facilitates several customer on-ramps for the Lucyd brand, and numerous ad campaign strategies. Building on our early successes of driving traffic to our website Lucyd.co, from Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok, we deploy high quality content on multiple platforms to continuously keep customers engaged and drive brand awareness.
Our business model leverages dual revenue streams through B2C and B2B channels, with e-commerce sales generating robust gross margins of approximately 69% and wholesale operations delivering steady gross margins of approximately 32%. Our Lucyd.co platform’s lens upgrade program maintains consistent profit margins of approximately 35%. In 2024, we strengthened our competitive position through strategic supplier optimization, partnering with a premier frame manufacturer while simultaneously achieving cost efficiencies in lens sourcing. This enhancement in our supply chain, combined with our calculated market penetration investments in 2023 (including strategic promotional pricing and targeted product seeding to media partners, influencers, and industry reviewers), has positioned us for sustained margin improvement and scalable growth.
Online retail sales accounted for the majority of our sales in 2024 and 2023.
E-commerce Channels
1. Company website: Lucyd.co
Lucyd.co is our primary e-commerce point of sale. The site offers the most customization options of any of our sales channels and a full prescription lens lab, offering over 100 different lens types, including transition lenses and progressive bifocals. Additionally, the Lucyd website ships worldwide and is used to provide a quick and smooth buying experience.
2. Amazon
Amazon.com/lucyd is our brand shop on Amazon. It drives approximately one third of our online sales, but limits the number of variations we can offer on our frames (e.g., prescription lenses are not permitted on Amazon). However, through Amazon, we are still able to offer color lens sunglass variants and blue light blocker pairs, in addition to our charging dock accessory item. We continually monitor and test traffic flow to Lucyd.co versus Amazon.com to ensure our online ad spend is fully optimized.
3. Walmart.com, Target.com, BestBuy.com, DicksSportingGoods.com, Brookstone.com, and eBay
In addition to our key online sales channel through Lucyd.co, our products are also sold on Walmart.com, Target.com, BestBuy.com, DicksSportingGoods.com, Brookstone.com, and eBay.
4. Social Selling
Not only do we use social media to drive traffic to our main sales channels, but we also take advantage of intra-social shops as well, and have deployed shopping experiences through Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok to gain further brand awareness.
We also offer two affiliate platforms via Shareasale.com and Shopify for peer-driven sales. The Shareasale program is for professional affiliate and deal promotion companies, and increases revenue on Lucyd.co by offering direct commissions in exchange for converting web traffic. The Shopify affiliate program enables Lucyd brand enthusiasts to get a financial reward for sharing the brand, and operates on similar terms as the Shareasale program where we provide a commission rate in exchange for converting web traffic.
Retail Channels
1. Independent Eyewear Stores
The core of our B2B business is formed by our relationship with numerous eyewear store retailers across the United States and Canada, which provide our smart frames directly to their optical customers. Many of these retail stores have placed multiple stocking orders since launching our wholesale business in 2021. To support our resellers, we offer a strong co-op marketing program that includes free store display materials. As part of this strategy, we provide customizable modular display systems and interactive LCD retail fixtures to our resellers to provide an immersive virtual try-on experience along with detailed product info and videos for prospective customers. Notable among our independent optical partners is NFM Optical, a Berkshire Hathaway business unit doing approximately $1 billion in revenue, which demonstrates the potential for successful integration of smart eyewear into traditional optical retail environments.
2. National Eyewear Chains
Thanks to aggressive promotion from competing glasses, retailers are now more open to introducing smart eyewear in their stores and on their e-commerce platforms. As key examples of this, in 2024, we expanded to start selling on Target.com, and recently onboarded all Micro Center locations. Based on our current discussion with several major optical businesses (by store size), we believe at least one additional major optical chain or national optical buying group will onboard our product line in 2025. However, there can be no assurances that any of these retailers and distributors will sell our products.
3. Big Box Retail Stores (Electronics, sporting goods, general merchandise)
In addition to mainstream optical channels, we distribute our Lucyd eyewear through leading big box stores, such as Best Buy and Dick’s Sporting Goods, through either their eyewear or electronics departments. We have recently expanded our electronics retail presence through partnerships with specialized electronics retailers such as Micro Center, further strengthening our position in the consumer electronics segment.
4. License Agreements and Specialty Retail Stores
We are leaving no stone unturned in our mission to bring smart eyewear mainstream. We have licensed three leading fashion brands - Nautica, Eddie Bauer, and Reebok - to produce new Powered by Lucyd cobranded frames. We launched the Nautica® Powered by Lucyd smart eyewear collection and the Eddie Bauer® Powered by Lucyd smart eyewear collection in January 2024 and April 2024, respectively, and plan to launch Reebok® Powered by Lucyd sport and optical collections in the second quarter and fourth quarter of 2025, respectively.
In addition to the above channels, with the recent launch of Lucyd Armor Safety Smart Eyewear, featuring ANSI Z87.1 Certification and Canadian Safety Certification, we are expanding into the safety eyewear market. Our distribution strategy targets major home improvement retailers including Home Depot, Lowe’s, Ace Hardware, and Canadian Tire, as well as leading industrial PPE (personal protective equipment) distributors such as Grainger and Fastenal. This certification-backed entry into the safety market represents a significant expansion of our addressable market.
Manufacturing and Supply Chain
Our products are designed in the United States and subsequently manufactured in China. The products are designed in-house, and 3-D Computer-Aided Design (CAD) files are produced with product renderings. We then subject these rendered images to focus group review, to determine which designs we should move to the prototype development stage. Pre-production prototypes are developed by our factories in China, to our specifications. Our factories source components for the smart eyewear in China, including plastic and titanium for the frames, electronic components, speakers, microphones, and batteries. All packaging is designed in Miami and fabricated in China. Once completed, our products are tested in the United States, to assess functionality, fit, and finish. Production orders are placed and fabricated in China based on anticipated demand, whereupon they undergo a rigorous thirteen-point third-party product inspection process. This inspection is conducted on 100% of our manufactured products. Inspections include testing procedures to help ensure our customers receive only functional, high-quality products. For large bulk orders from clients, we are able to order this inventory on demand, due to the expected lead times in the traditional frame sourcing business.
Recently, the U.S. government increased tariffs on goods imported from China to 20%. The Company has researched alternate manufacturing solutions outside of China and believes it may be possible to shift production elsewhere if necessary; however, there remains to be uncertainty as to whether there will be any other changes to U.S. government trade policy.
All of our frames are manufactured with prefabricated, ready-to-wear sunglass or blue light lenses, and are directly shipped to the customer in this state if the customer declines to purchase custom lens upgrades. If a customer orders with prescription or specialty lenses, then the smart eyewear frames are sent to an optical contractor laboratory in Miami, Florida, to have the lenses cut, ground, and mounted in the frames, whereupon they are directly shipped to customers.
Marketing
We employ a 360-degree marketing strategy that encompasses both brand and user-generated content syndication across earned, owned, and paid platforms. As the first smart eyewear manufacturer developing tailored products for specific use cases, our marketing approach uniquely addresses distinct segments through our All-Day Wear, Sun, Sports, and Safety product lines. This segmented strategy enables us to deliver targeted messaging to professional users seeking AI-enabled daily eyewear, active individuals requiring high-performance features, and industrial users needing certified protective equipment with smart capabilities.
Long form and video content generation are key focus points for the brand, as they allow us to better leverage both emerging and critical smart eyewear narratives through persistent search engine optimization (SEO), increasing our organic brand awareness across the board, in addition to strategic loyalty, influencer, and affiliate marketing campaigns.
Our online marketing strategy is primarily driven by pay-per-click advertisements on mainstream search engines, social media apps, and Amazon and other marketplaces. In addition, we support our primary efforts with influencer created and promoted “UGC” (user-generated content), email automations and newsletters, and website push notifications. In 2025, we plan to scale up our affiliate and email marketing efforts to augment our core social ads campaigns.
We believe we are trendsetters in creating relevant, omni-channel touchpoints that derive meaningful experiences and products designed for our customers’ specific use cases and environments.
Our wholesale marketing strategy is primarily focused on traditional sales email and call outreach, national and regional optical trade shows, and optical, athletic, and safety trade advertisements. We have also deployed B2B mailer and digital mailer campaigns to inform optical businesses about our new releases.
Strategically offering stylish optical smart eyewear, coupled with expansive end-user customization, plus our ChatGPT app, has the potential to rapidly expand our brand awareness and revenue. At Innovative Eyewear, we strive to lead and own critical narratives within the smart eyewear space, and have demonstrated our pioneering leadership and proficiency via the filing of dozens of patents on smart eyewear design and functionalities.
We seek to create memorable experiences and products that resonate with our customers, coupled with premium content and campaigns designed to expand our brand presence and market share across all our target segments. We also attend major regional eyewear, sporting goods, and safety equipment trade shows to build awareness among our potential retail partners.
Our influencers
To accelerate brand awareness and product sales, we are embarking on an influencer strategy to engage leading figures in sports and the arts, who like and enjoy wearing Lucyd Lyte®. Our influencers promote our products on social media, provide us with product placement opportunities at sporting events and other cultural events, and have granted us contractual rights to use their names and likenesses in connection with the advertisement and sale of our products. We have engaged UK football legend and Olympic athlete Micah Richards as our lead brand ambassador. In addition, we have onboarded Chris Clark, a pro golfer; Monique Billings, a WNBA basketball player; Emmanuel Ogbah, an NFL football player; and Hadar Adora, an up-and-coming musical artist. We plan to add additional influencers to enhance awareness and sell-through for a number of key demographics.
Influencers are a key part of our marketing strategy, as they help our products relate to large, variable audiences. Lucyd Lyte is a perfect fit for the fitness tech and audio product spaces, so athletes and musicians are a natural fit for our brand and the active lifestyles that Lucyd products promote.
Intellectual Property
We license from Lucyd Ltd., a subsidiary of one of our largest stockholders, an intellectual property portfolio designed to protect our unique eyewear designs and certain technological features in current and anticipated future products. Since 2021, the Company has begun filing patents under its own name. We have licensed and filed numerous patents covering all of our current product designs and certain advanced features such as replaceable front frames and multi-channel Bluetooth connectivity. The Company will seek to file new intellectual property to protect new styles and features of its smart eyewear as they are introduced.
In January 2024, we entered into a multi-year licensing agreement with a third party (IngenioSpec, LLC) for multiple smart eyewear patents, bringing our overall portfolio of owned and licensed intellectual property to 115 patents and applications.
Our current U.S. and foreign patent portfolio is as listed below.
Pending and Registered Patent Applications Licensed from Lucyd Ltd.
App/Patent Number Title Country Filing Date Status Grant Date
10,908,419 Smartglasses and Methods and Systems for Using Artificial Intelligence to Control Mobile Devices Used for Displaying and Presenting Tasks and Applications and Enhancing Presentation and Display of Augmented Reality Information U.S. June 28, 2018 Issued February 2, 2021
D899,493 Smart Glasses U.S. March 22, 2019 Issued October 20, 2020
D900,203 Smart Glasses U.S. March 22, 2019 Issued October 27, 2020
D899,494 Smart Glasses U.S. March 22, 2019 Issued October 20, 2020
D899,495 Smart Glasses U.S. March 22, 2019 Issued October 20, 2020
D899,496 Smart Glasses U.S. March 22, 2019 Issued October 20, 2020
D900,204 Smart Glasses U.S. March 22, 2019 Issued October 27, 2020
D900,205 Smart Glasses U.S. March 22, 2019 Issued October 27, 2020
D900,920 Smart Glasses U.S. March 22, 2019 Issued November 3, 2020
D900,206 Smart Glasses U.S. March 22, 2019 Issued October 27, 2020
D899,497 Smart Glasses U.S. March 22, 2019 Issued October 20, 2020
D899,498 Smart Glasses U.S. March 22, 2019 Issued October 20, 2020
D899,499 Smart Glasses U.S. March 22, 2019 Issued October 20, 2020
D899,500 Smart Glasses U.S. March 22, 2019 Issued October 20, 2020
D954,135 Round Smartglasses Having Flat Connector Hinges U.S. December 12, 2019 Issued June 7, 2022
D958,234 Round Smartglasses Having Pivot Connector Hinges U.S. December 12, 2019 Issued July 19, 2022
D955,467 Sport Smartglasses Having Flat Connector Hinges U.S. December 12, 2019 Issued June 21, 2022
D954,136 Smartglasses Having Pivot Connector Hinges U.S. December 12, 2019 Issued June 7, 2022
62/941,466 Wireless Smartglasses with Quick Connect Front Frames U.S. November 27, 2019 Non-Provisional Application filed on November 25, 2020; U.S. App. No. 17/104,849 n/a
D954,137 Flat Connector Hinges for Smartglasses Temples U.S. December 19, 2019 Issued June 7, 2022
D974,456 Pivot Hinges and Smartglasses Temples U.S. December 19, 2019 Issued January 3, 2023
11,282,523 Voice Assistant Management U.S. March 25, 2020 Issued March 22, 2022
D1,010,718 Wayfarer Smartglasses U.S. July 20, 2020 Issued January 9, 2024
D951,334 Round Smartglasses U.S. July 20, 2020 Issued May 10, 2022
12,216,341 Wireless Smartglasses with Quick Connect Front Frames U.S. November 25, 2020 Issued February 4, 2025
D1,013,765 Smartglasses U.S. September 1, 2021 Issued February 6, 2024
D1,030,851 Smartglasses U.S. September 1, 2021 Issued June 11, 2024
D1,030,852 Smartglasses U.S. September 1, 2021 Issued June 11, 2024
D1,030,853 Smartglasses U.S. September 1, 2021 Issued June 11, 2024
Smartglasses Canada October 29, 2021 Issued May 23, 2023
Smartglasses Canada October 29, 2021 Issued May 23, 2023
Smartglasses Canada October 29, 2021 Issued May 23, 2023
Smartglasses Canada October 29, 2021 Issued May 23, 2023
29/814,016 Safety Smartglasses U.S. November 2, 2021 Pending n/a
29/814,017 Safety Shields U.S. November 2, 2021 Issued November 19, 2024
63/274,920 Safety Glasses U.S. November 2, 2021 Non-Provisional Application filed on October 21, 2022; U.S. App. No. 18/048,715 n/a
Safety Smartglasses Canada November 17, 2021 Issued May 23, 2023
Safety Shields Canada November 17, 2021 Issued May 30, 2023
Safety Smartglasses China December 2, 2021 Issued March 26, 2024
ZL 2021307955902
Safety Shields
China December 2, 2021 Issued May 3, 2022
18/048,715 Safety Glasses U.S. October 21, 2022
Pending
n/a
Safety Glasses Canada November 1, 2022 Pending n/a
202211367067X Safety Glasses China November 2, 2022 Pending n/a
42023078694.9 Safety Glasses Hong Kong September 5, 2023 Pending n/a
Pending and Registered Patent Applications Owned by Innovative Eyewear, Inc.
App/Patent Number Title Country Filing Date Status Grant Date
D1,051,829 Charging Cradle U.S. November 10, 2021 Issued November 19, 2024
63/297,056 Charging Cradle for Smartglasses U.S. January 6, 2022 Non-Provisional Application filed on December 29, 2022; U.S. App. No. 18/147,002 n/a
Charging Cradle Canada May 9, 2022 Issued February 27, 2024
ZL 2022302715131 Charging Cradle China May 10, 2022 Issued October 21, 2022
18/147,002 Charging Cradle for Smartglasses U.S. December 27, 2022 Pending n/a
D1,020,849
Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued April 2, 2024
D1,019,750
Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued March 26, 2024
D1,020,850
Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued April 2, 2024
D1,019,746 Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued March 26, 2024
D1,020,851
Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued April 2, 2024
D1,024,177 Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued April 23, 2024
D1,020,863
Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued April 2, 2024
D1,020,852
Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued April 2, 2024
D1,020,853
Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued April 2, 2024
D1,020,854
Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued April 2, 2024
D1,020,855
Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued April 2, 2024
D1,020,856
Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued April 2, 2024
D1,020,857
Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued April 2, 2024
D1,020,858
Smartglasses U.S. February 9, 2023 Issued April 2, 2024
D1,023,123 Smartglasses Temples U.S. February 13, 2023 Issued April 16, 2024
18/189,547 System, Apparatus, and Method For Using a Chatbot U.S. March 24, 2023 Pending n/a
18/463,465 Spring-loaded Hinges For Smartglasses U.S. September 8, 2023 Pending n/a
29/930,655 SAFETY EYEWEAR U.S. March 1, 2024 Pending n/a
18/605,092 SMART EYEWEAR HAVING ACCESSIBLE TACTILE CONTROLS U.S. March 14, 2024 Pending n/a
PCT/US24/20715 SYSTEM, APPARATUS, AND METHOD FOR USING A CHATBOT U.S. March 20, 2024 Pending n/a
Registered Patent Applications Licensed from Ingeniospec, LLC
App/Patent Number Title Country
7,192,136 Tethered Electrical Components for Eyeglasses U.S.
7,255,437 Eyeglasses with Activity Monitoring U.S.
7,380,936 Eyeglasses with a Clock or Other Electrical Component U.S.
7,401,918 Eyeglasses with Activity Monitoring U.S.
7,438,410 Tethered Electrical Components for Eyeglasses U.S.
7,481,531 Eyeglasses with User Monitoring U.S.
7,500,746 Eyewear with Radiation Detection System U.S.
7,500,747 Eyeglasses with Electrical Components U.S.
7,581,833 Eyewear Supporting After-Market Electrical Components U.S.
7,621,634 Tethered Electrical Components for Eyeglasses U.S.
7,677,723 Eyeglasses with a Heart Rate Monitor U.S.
7,771,046 Eyewear with Monitoring Capability U.S.
7,792,552 Eyeglasses for Wireless Communications U.S.
8,109,629 Eyewear Supporting Electrical Components and Apparatus Therefor U.S.
8,337,013 Eyeglasses with RFID Tags or with a Strap U.S.
8,430,507 Eyewear with Touch-Sensitive Input Surface U.S.
8,434,863 Eyeglasses with a Printed Circuit Board U.S.
8,465,151 Eyewear with Multi-Part Temple for Supporting One or More Electrical Components U.S.
8,500,271 Eyewear Supporting After-Market Electrical Components U.S.
8,770,742 Eyewear with Radiation Detection System U.S.
8,905,542 Eyewear Supporting Bone Conducting Speaker U.S.
9,033,493 Eyewear Supporting Electrical Components and Apparatus Therefor U.S.
9,488,520 Eyewear with Radiation Detection System U.S.
9,547,184 Eyewear Supporting Embedded Electronic Components U.S.
9,690,121 Eyewear Supporting One or More Electrical Components U.S.
10,060,790 Eyewear with Radiation Detection System U.S.
10,061,144 Eyewear Supporting Embedded Electronic Components U.S.
10,310,296 Eyewear with Printed Circuit Board U.S.
10,330,956 Eyewear Supporting Electrical Components and Apparatus Therefor U.S.
10,345,625 Eyewear with Touch-Sensitive Input Surface U.S.
10,359,311 Eyewear with Radiation Detection System U.S.
10,539,459 Eyewear with Detection System U.S.
11,086,147 Eyewear Supporting Electrical Components and Apparatus Therefor U.S.
11,204,512 Eyewear Supporting Embedded and Tethered Electronic Components U.S.
11,243,416 Eyewear Supporting Embedded Electronic Components U.S.
11,326,941 Eyewear with Detection System U.S.
11,513,371 Eyewear with Printed Circuit Board Supporting Messages U.S.
11,536,988 Eyewear Supporting Embedded Electronic Components for Audio Support U.S.
11,630,331 Eyewear with Touch-Sensitive Input Surface U.S.
11,644,361 Eyewear with Detection System U.S.
11,644,693 Wearable Audio System Supporting Enhanced Hearing Support U.S.
11,733,549 Eyewear Having Removable Temples That Support Electrical Components U.S.
11,762,224 Eyewear Having Extended Endpieces to Support Electrical Components U.S.
11,803,069 Eyewear with Connection Region U.S.
11,829,518 Head-worn Device with Connection Region U.S.
ZL200510067143.5 Radiation Detection System for Eyewear and Other Products China
Additionally, we have acquired the exclusive rights to 11 registered trademarks and applications as follows:
Trademark
Trademark Number
Status
Jurisdiction
LUCYD
UK00003258030
Registered
UK
Lucyd Lens
UK00003258093
Registered
UK
Lucyd Loud
UK00003400531
Registered
UK
Upgrade your eyewear
UK00003400579
Registered
UK
GaaS
UK00003451728
Registered
UK
Vyrb
UK00003477240
Registered
UK
Lyte
UK00003526151
Registered
UK
Upgrade your eyewear
Registered
US
LUCYD
Registered
US
Lyte
Registered
US
Vyrb
Pending
US
LUCYD LOUD
Pending
EU
LUCYD
Examination
EU
LUCYD
UK00003886937
Registered
UK
LUCYD
International Reg. No. 1738602
Examination
Mexico
LUCYD
International Reg. No. 1738602
Examination
Canada
LUCYD
International Reg. No. 1738602
Examination
Japan
Material Agreements
License Agreement between Innovative Eyewear, Inc. and Lucyd Ltd.
On April 1, 2020, we entered into an exclusive, worldwide license agreement with Lucyd Ltd. for all fields of use of the Lucyd® brand, and the associated intellectual property and assets (the “License Agreement”). We were founded by Lucyd Ltd., the inventor and licensor of the technology that our products are based upon, which is a portfolio company of Tekcapital, one of our largest stockholders. The License Agreement is a royalty-free, fully paid up, perpetual license, for the exclusive use of the following assets:
1. All Lucyd intellectual property, including, all patents, patent applications and any continuations of such.
2. All Lucyd trademarks.
3. All Lucyd collateral material, artwork, subscriber lists, eyeglass model and frame shots and renders, as well as 3D models.
4. All Lucyd logos such as, but not limited to: Lucyd® word mark, Lucyd Hexagon, Upgrade Your Eyewear® slogan and the Vyrb® trademark.
5. All Lucyd company developed software and any new software developed by Innovative Eyewear, utilizing the Lucyd software, will be owned by Innovative Eyewear.
6. Lucyd Store portals through Shopify, Amazon and Walmart.
7. Relevant websites domain names including Lucyd.co, Lucyd.net, Lucyd.eu.
8. All supply and endorsement agreements.
9. All current inventory as of the execution date of license.
10. All social media accounts under the Lucyd name, including, but not limited to: Twitter, Facebook and Instagram.
11. All advertising material and trade show displays, brochures and related materials.
Under the terms of the License Agreement, we have the exclusive right to effectuate sublicenses, either exclusively or non-exclusively, to any or all of our licensed intellectual property, at its sole discretion. Upon execution of the License Agreement, we paid Lucyd Ltd. £1 for the life of the licensed assets, and the License Agreement shall continue in perpetuity, unless terminated according to the terms of the agreement. Additionally, we issued 3,750,000 shares of our common stock (187,500 shares on a post-reverse-split basis) to Lucyd Ltd. as compensation for entering into the License Agreement and for the contribution of certain other assets. Lucyd Ltd. may terminate the license with immediate effect by providing written notice to us if, among other things: we commit a material breach, as such is defined by the terms of the agreement; or, if we suspend, or threaten to suspend, payment of our debts or are unable to pay our debts.
The License Agreement requires us to indemnify Lucyd against all liabilities, costs, expenses, damages, and losses (including but not limited to any direct, indirect or consequential losses, loss of profit, loss of reputation and all interest, penalties, and legal costs (calculated on a full indemnity basis) and all other reasonable professional costs and expenses) suffered or incurred by Lucyd Ltd. arising out of or in connection with actual or alleged infringement of third party intellectual property rights; our breach or non-performance of or the enforcement of License Agreement. We have the right to sublicense any of our rights under the License Agreement, provided that any sublicense also shall enter into a supplemental agreement satisfactory to Lucyd Ltd.
On October 5, 2021, the parties to the License Agreement executed an Addendum, to the exclusive license agreement, which clarified that Innovative Eyewear shall commercialize, continue with any on-going intellectual property prosecutions and pay all maintenance or other patent fees (the “Addendum”). For all new intellectual property, Innovative Eyewear will own and control it and be responsible for all prosecution and maintenance costs. The Addendum also confirms that Innovative Eyewear issued Lucyd Ltd. 3,750,000 shares of its common stock (187,500 shares on a post-reverse-split basis) as consideration for the license.
Cobranded License Agreements
On September 28, 2022, we entered into a multi-year global licensing agreement with Nautica Apparel, Inc., which became effective July 1, 2022. Pursuant to this agreement, we received a license to utilize the global lifestyle brand Nautica® for our smart eyewear products. We launched the first line of cobranded Nautica® Powered by Lucyd sport lifestyle audio glasses in January 2024.
On December 23, 2022, we entered into a multi-year global licensing agreement with Authentic Brands Group, which became effective October 1, 2022. Pursuant to this agreement, we received a license to utilize the outdoor brand Eddie Bauer® for our smart eyewear products. We launched the first line of cobranded line of Eddie Bauer® Powered by Lucyd smartglasses in April 2024.
On June 12, 2023, we entered into a multi-year global licensing agreement with Authentic Brands Group, which became effective April 1, 2023. Pursuant to this agreement, we received a license to utilize received a license to utilize the iconic athletic brand Reebok® for our smart eyewear products. We plan to launch a cobranded line of Reebok® Powered by Lucyd sport smartglasses in the second quarter of 2025.
The aforementioned agreements require us to pay royalties based on a percentage of net retail and wholesale sales, and also require guaranteed minimum royalty payments. The agreements have base terms of 10 years but are cancellable at our option during the fifth year.
Sales Representation Agreement
On March 4, 2021, we entered into a commission-only, sale representation agreement with D. Landstrom Associates, Inc. for prospecting wholesale relationships with Walmart, Target, and Best Buy stores in the United States. This agreement provides for D. Landstrom to act as our commission-based manufacturer’s representative, with the exclusive right to solicit offers on behalf of us to purchase our products in the United States, for the named big box stores. The term of the agreement is five years, and the contract may be terminated for “good cause” with 90 days’ notice by either party. Upon termination, commissions of orders procured will extend 180 days beyond the termination date. Thus far, this representation agreement has resulted in a successful launch of the Company’s products on BestBuy.com.
Distribution Agreement
On April 1, 2024, we entered into a distribution agreement with Windsor Eyes Inc., which granted Windsor Eyes the non-exclusive right to distribute our products to optical retail chains in the United States. The term of the agreement is one year, and the Company intends to renew the relationship, as we are working together on securing major retail distribution. The pricing structure and payment for any products sold under this agreement shall be mutually agreed upon by Windsor Eyes and the Company prior to commencement of any specific order.
Proprietary Software Sharpens our Competitive Edge
In April 2023, we introduced a major software upgrade for our glasses with the launch of the Lucyd app for iOS and Android. This free application enables the user to converse with the extremely popular ChatGPT AI language model on our glasses, to instantly gain the benefit of one of the world’s most powerful AI assistants in a hands-free ergonomic interface. The app deploys unique Siri integration with the Open AI API for ChatGPT, which was developed internally by the Company and for which we have filed a patent application related to this software.
The Lucyd app is a simple and powerful app that provides significant new AI functionality to our glasses at no additional cost to the user, differentiating our products from other smart eyewear. The app also sports a powerful visual interface for interacting with ChatGPT in a variety of ways. In July 2024, we launched a new feature called “Walkie” for the Lucyd app, which enables thousands of users to join each other on walkie-talkie style communication channels. This feature was designed with our recently-launched Lucyd Armor smart safety glass product in mind, to enable coworking teams to communicate freely on smart eyewear. We plan to launch more new features for the Lucyd app in the future, such as an audio equalizer enabling the user to optimize sound output for different types of content such as calls and podcasts, a “Find My Glasses” feature, and touch control customizations.
Although we plan to continue to provide the app for free to glasses customers, during the second quarter of 2024 we also added a “Pro” version of the app, which provides unlimited ChatGPT interactions and priority tech support for a modest monthly or annual fee. This is a new revenue stream for our business, and represents our first diversification in product revenue from frames and lenses. We believe this may also potentially allow us to capture revenue from users of other hearables such as Apple Airpods that want an audio interface for ChatGPT.
Employees
As of December 31, 2024, we had 11 full time employees, spread over business development, marketing, finance, sales, app design, support, and frame design. Our employees are supported by numerous consultants, contractors, independent sales representatives, and third-party service providers.
Other Information
Our official Internet website is www.lucyd.co, through which we make available free of charge our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements on Schedule 14A, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such materials with, or furnish them to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Alternatively, you may also access our reports at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

---

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Our business involves a high degree of risk and uncertainty, including the following.
Summary Risk Factors
The risk factors described below are a summary of the principal risk factors associated with an investment in us. These are not the only risks we face. You should carefully consider these risk factors, together with the risk factors set forth in detail below and the other reports and documents filed by us with the SEC.
Risks Related to our Business, Strategy and Industry
● Our failure to meet the continued listing requirements of Nasdaq could result in a delisting of our securities.
● We have a history of losses, and we may be unable to achieve or sustain profitability.
● The optical industry is highly competitive, and if we do not compete successfully, our business may be adversely impacted.
● We have limited experience in scaling a smart eyewear business. If we are unable to manage our expected growth effectively, our brand, and financial performance may suffer, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.
● Increases in component costs, shipping costs, long lead times, supply shortages, and supply changes could disrupt our supply chain; factors such as wage rate increases and inflation can have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.
● We currently derive all of our revenue from sales of our glasses. A decline in sales of our eyewear would negatively affect our business, financial condition, and results of operation.
● We face significant risks due to our dependency on foreign supply and manufacturing chains, geopolitical and economic changes, and changes in public perception about internationally sourced and manufactured products.
● We rely on a limited number of contract manufacturers and logistics partners for our products. A loss of any of these partners could negatively affect our business.
● If we fail to cost-effectively retain our existing customers or to acquire new customers, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be harmed.
● If we fail to successfully launch or after we launch receive sufficient revenue from our cobranded collections with Nautica, Eddie Bauer, and Reebok, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be harmed.
● Eyeglasses are regulated as medical devices by the FDA, and our failure, or the failure of any third-party manufacturer or optical laboratory, to obtain and maintain the necessary marketing authorizations for our products could have a material adverse effect on our business.
● Our profitability and cash flows may be negatively affected if we are not successful in managing our supply chain and customer demands for product deliveries.
● If we fail to maintain and enhance our brand, our ability to engage or expand our base of customers will be impaired, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations may suffer.
● We rely heavily on our information technology systems, as well as those of our third-party vendors, business partners, and service providers, for our business to effectively operate and to safeguard confidential information; any significant failure, inadequacy, interruption, or data security incident could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and operations.
● Our multichannel channel business faces distinct risks, and our failure to successfully manage it could have a negative impact on our profitability.
● If we fail to adapt and respond effectively to rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards and changing customer needs or requirements, our solutions may become less competitive.
● We depend on highly skilled personnel to grow and operate our business, and if we are unable to hire, retain, and motivate our personnel, we may not be able to grow effectively.
● A decline in sales of our eyewear would negatively affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
● We could be adversely affected by product liability, product recall or personal injury issues.
Risks Related to our Intellectual Property
● We license some of our technology from Lucyd Ltd. and from a third party. Our inability to maintain these licenses could materially affect our business, financial condition, and operating results.
● Failure to adequately maintain and protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights could harm our brand, devalue our proprietary content, and adversely affect our ability to compete effectively.
● We may incur costs to defend against, face liability or for being vulnerable to intellectual property infringement claims brought against us by others.
Risks Related to Our Dependence on Third Parties
● We face risks associated with suppliers from whom our products are sourced and are dependent on a limited number of suppliers.
● Our projects could be hindered due to our dependence on third parties to complete many of our contracts.
● We depend on search engines, social media platforms, digital application stores, content-based online advertising, and other online sources to attract consumers to and promote our website and our mobile applications, which may be affected by third-party interference beyond our control; and, as we grow, the cost of acquiring new customers may continue to rise and become uneconomical.
Risks Relating to Our Business, Strategy and Industry
Our failure to meet the continued listing requirements of Nasdaq could result in a delisting of our securities.
If we fail to satisfy the continued listing requirements of Nasdaq such as the corporate governance requirements or the minimum stock price requirement, Nasdaq may take steps to delist our securities. Such a delisting would likely have a negative effect on the price of our securities and would impair your ability to sell or purchase our securities when you wish to do so.
The optical industry is highly competitive, and if we do not compete successfully, our business may be adversely impacted.
We compete directly with large, integrated optical players that sell both at the retail level and online such as Ray-Ban® that have multiple products, well regarded brands and retail banners, as well as established and well-regarded consumer electronics companies. This diversified and capable competition takes place both in physical retail locations as well as online, for smart glasses. To compete effectively, we must continue to create, invest in, or acquire, advanced technology, incorporate this technology into our products, obtain regulatory approvals in a timely manner where required, and process and successfully market our products.
Most if not all of our competitors have significantly greater financial and operational resources, longer operating histories, greater brand recognition, and broader geographic presence than we do. As a result, they may be able to outmaneuver us in the marketplace and offer capable products at more competitive prices, which may adversely affect our business. They also are able to spend far more than we do for advertising. We may be at a substantial disadvantage to larger competitors with greater economies of scale. If our costs are greater compared to those of our competitors, the pricing of our products may not be as attractive, thus depressing sales or the profitability of our products and services. Our competitors may expand into markets in which we currently operate, and we remain vulnerable to the marketing power and high level of customer recognition of these larger competitors and to the risk that these competitors or others could attract our customer base. Some of our competitors are vertically integrated and are also engaged in the manufacture and distribution of glasses and many of our competitors operate under a variety of brands and price points. These competitors can advantageously leverage this structure to better compete and access the market with significant market power could make it more difficult for us to compete. We purchase some of our product components from suppliers who may be affiliates of one or more competitors or may compete with ourselves in the future.
We may not continue to be able to successfully compete against existing or future competitors. Our inability to respond effectively to competitive pressures, improved performance by our competitors, and changes in the retail and e-commerce markets could result in lost market share and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We have a history of losses, and we may be unable to achieve or sustain profitability.
We have had net losses since inception, had a net loss of $7,665,515 for the year ended December 31, 2024, and had a net loss of $6,663,428 for the year ended December 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2024, we had an accumulated deficit of $24,735,930. Because we have a limited operating history it is difficult for us to predict our future operating results. We will need to generate and sustain increased revenue and manage our costs to achieve profitability. Even if we do, we may not be able become or increase our profitability.
Our ability to generate profit depends on our ability to strengthen and expand our brand, continue to provide exciting products customers love, expand sales and improve margins. We are aiming to achieve profitability in the next two years, and between now and then we plan to efficiently invest in the business to bring it to scale by:
● enhancing our products with new designs, functionality, and technology to widen our appeal and delight customers in a wide variety of demographic groups; and,
● investing in our product development, supply chain and sales and marketing capabilities to leverage external resources as efficiently as possible to ensure that smart glasses are affordable for the majority of the world’s population who need them.
However, we may not succeed in any of the foregoing, and the planned investments may not result in profitability.
We have limited experience in the smart eyewear space. If we are unable to manage our growth effectively, our brand “Lucyd” and our financial performance may suffer, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.
The smart eyewear industry is newly emerging. Whilst our directors have more than 80 years of combined experience in the eyewear industry, the smart eyewear market presents numerous new challenges. To effectively manage these challenges and continue to grow, we must continue to invest in the design of new frames and technology, expand our product line and effectively integrate several new technologies into eyewear. Achieving this could strain our existing resources, and we could experience ongoing operating difficulties in managing our business and bringing it to scale. Failure to scale could harm our competitive position and future success, including our ability to retain and recruit personnel and to effectively execute our corporate objectives.
Our ability to generate net revenue will depend upon many factors, some of which we may have no control over.
The industry for stylish, affordable smart glasses, is rapidly evolving and may not develop as we expect. Even if our net revenue continues to increase, our net revenue growth rates may decline in the future as a result of a variety of factors, including macroeconomic factors, increased competition, and the maturation of our business. As a result, you should not rely on our net revenue growth rate for any prior period as an indication of our future performance. Overall growth of our net revenue will depend on a number of factors, including our ability to:
● Increase exogenous distribution of our products in optical stores, big box retailers, specialty retailers and through multiple e-commerce channels;
● Price our products so that we are able to attract new customers, and expand our relationships with existing customers;
● Accurately forecast our net revenue and plan our operating expenses accordingly;
● Successfully compete with other companies that are currently in, or may in the future enter, the smart eyewear industry or the markets in which we compete, and respond to developments from these competitors such as pricing changes and the introduction of new products and features, noting that most, if not all, of our competitors have stronger balance sheets and larger staffs to devote to their products;
● Comply with existing and new laws and regulations applicable to our business;
● Develop new product offerings, with services and features, including in response to new trends, competitive dynamics, or the needs of customers;
● Successfully identify and acquire or invest in businesses, products, or technologies that we believe could complement or expand our business;
● Avoid interruptions or disruptions in our supply chain from natural disasters and political uncertainty;
● Provide customers with a high-quality experience and customer service and support that meets their needs;
● Hire, integrate, and retain talented sales, customer experience, product design, and development and other personnel;
● Effectively manage growth of our business, personnel, and operations;
● Effectively manage our costs related to our business and operations; and,
● Enhance our reputation and the value of the Lucyd brand.
Because we have a limited history operating our business, it is difficult to evaluate our current business and future prospects, including our ability to plan for and model future growth. Our limited operating experience combined with the rapidly evolving nature of the market in which we sell our products and services, substantial uncertainty concerning how these markets may develop, and other economic factors beyond our control, reduces our ability to accurately forecast quarterly or annual revenue. Failure to manage our future growth effectively could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.
We also expect to continue to expend substantial financial and other resources to grow our business, and we may fail to allocate our resources in a manner that results in increased net revenue growth in our business. Additionally, we may encounter unforeseen operating expenses, difficulties, complications, delays, and other unknown factors that may result in losses in future periods. If our net revenue growth does not meet our expectations in future periods, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be harmed, and we may not achieve or sustain profitability in the future.
Increases in component costs, shipping costs, long lead times, supply shortages, and supply changes could disrupt our supply chain and factors such as wage rate increases and inflation can have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.
Meeting customer demand partially depends on our ability to obtain timely and adequate delivery of components for our products and services. All of the components that go into the manufacturing of our products and services are sourced from a limited number of third-party suppliers predominantly in the U.S. and China. There is currently a tariff on all products imported from China in the amount of 20%; we cannot determine at this time how this will affect our future profitability, whether it will reduce the number of smart glasses that we sell, or whether we could pass these tariff costs on to our customers through pricing adjustments. Our contract manufacturers purchase and provide many of these components on our behalf, including sun lenses, demo lenses, hinge and chip sets and other electronic components, and we do not have long-term arrangements with most of our component suppliers. We are therefore subject to the risk of shortages and long lead times in the supply of these components and the risk that our suppliers discontinue or modify components used in our products. In addition, the lead times associated with certain components are lengthy and may preclude rapid changes in design, quantities, and delivery schedules. Our ability to meet temporary unforeseen increases in demand has been, and may in the future be, impacted by our reliance on the availability of components from these suppliers. We may in the future experience component shortages, and the predictability of the availability of these components may be limited in certain situations. In the event of a component shortage or supply interruption from suppliers of these components, we may experience supply chain delays. Developing alternate sources of supply for these components may be time-consuming, difficult, and costly, and we may not be able to source these components on terms that are acceptable to us, or at all, which may undermine our ability to fill our orders in a timely manner. Any interruption or delay in the supply of any of these parts or components, or the inability to obtain these parts or components from alternate sources at acceptable prices and within a reasonable amount of time, would harm our ability to timely ship our products to our customers.
In addition, substantially all of our components are shipped directly from our contract manufacturers to our warehouse facility in Miami or to a third-party optical laboratory in the United States, where lenses are cut and mounted into frames. These laboratories process most of the glasses ordered by our customers. Once processed at the laboratories, the finished products are then sorted and shipped using third-party carriers to our customers. Our eyeglasses are also shipped directly to our third-party distribution center in the United States for shipment directly to our customers and resellers. We depend in large part on the orderly operation of this distribution process, which depends, in turn, on adherence to shipping schedules and effective management of our optical laboratory network and third-party distribution center. Increases in transportation costs (including increases in fuel costs), issues with overseas shipments, supplier-side delays, as well as reductions in the transportation capacity of carriers, labor strikes or shortages in the transportation industry, disruptions to the national and international transportation infrastructure, and unexpected delivery interruptions or delays also have the potential to derail our distribution process.
Moreover, volatile economic conditions may make it more likely that our suppliers and logistics providers may be unable to timely deliver supplies, or at all, and there is no guarantee that we will be able to timely locate alternative suppliers of comparable quality at an acceptable price. In addition, international supply chains may be impacted by events outside of our control, and limit our ability to procure timely delivery of supplies or finished goods and services. We face additional risks related to the manufacturing facility we contract with in China and suppliers in China, including port of entry risks such as longshoremen strikes, import restrictions, foreign government regulations, trade restrictions, customs, and duties.
We source components from suppliers located in China. Effective September 1, 2019, the U.S. government implemented a 15% tariff on specified products imported into the U.S. from China and effective February 14, 2020, the 15% tariff was reduced to 7.5%. In June 2020, the U.S. government granted a temporary exclusion for plastic and metal frames with a retroactive effective date of September 1, 2019, and such exclusion expired in September 2020. Recently, the tariff was increased to 20%. There remains to be uncertainty as to what the impact of the increased tariff will be or whether there will be any other changes to U.S. government trade policy. If we are unable to mitigate the full impact of the enacted and increased tariffs (including whether we could pass these tariff costs on to our customers through pricing adjustments, and if so, whether such increased prices would decrease the number of glasses that we sell), our financial results may be negatively affected. While it is too early to predict how the current and future China tariffs will impact our business, our financial results may also be impacted by any resulting economic slowdown.
The inability to fulfill, or any delays in processing, customer orders through third party optical laboratory optical laboratory could result in the loss of customers, issuances of refunds or credits, and may also adversely affect our income and reputation. The success of our retail and e-commerce sales depends on the timely receipt of products by our customers and any repeated, intermittent or long-term disruption in, or failures of, the operations of our distribution center and/or optical laboratories could result in lower sales and profitability, a loss of loyalty to our brands, and excess inventory.
Furthermore, increases in compensation, wage pressure, and other expenses for our employees, may adversely affect our profitability. Increases in minimum wages and other wage and hour regulations can exacerbate this risk. These cost increases may be the result of inflationary pressures which could further reduce our sales or profitability. Increases in other operating costs, may increase our cost of products sold or selling, general, and administrative expenses. Our competitive price model and pricing pressures in the optical retail industry may inhibit our ability to reflect these increased costs in the prices of our products, in which case such increased costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations especially since we believe that one of our competitive advantages is how the price point for our glasses is generally lower than that of certain of our competitors.
We currently derive principally all of our revenue from sales of our glasses and lenses. A decline in sales of our eyewear would negatively affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We derive substantially all of our revenue from the sale of smartglasses and custom lenses. Our glasses are sold in highly competitive markets with limited barriers to entry, although in our view the barriers to building commercially viable smartglasses are significant, due to the complexity of materials and assembly involved. Introduction by competitors of comparable products at lower price points, a maturing product lifecycle, a decline in consumer spending, or other factors could result in a material decline in our revenue. Because we derive most of our revenue from the sale of our glasses, any material decline in sales of our glasses would have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and operating results.
We face significant risks due to our dependency on foreign supply and manufacturing chains, geopolitical and economic changes, and changes in public perception about internationally sourced and manufactured products.
Since our component materials are sourced in China, our production may face additional risks such as, but not limited to: increased shipping costs, imposition of additional import or trade restrictions, increased custom duties and tariffs, legal or economic restrictions on our supplier and manufacturer’s ability to meet our needs, unforeseen delays in customs clearance of goods, transportation delays, issues with ports of entry, new and adverse foreign government regulations, political instability, war, natural disasters, and overall economic uncertainty. Public opinion about internationally sourced and manufactured products could be changed by negative press, which could have an impact on our customers’ confidence and satisfaction and could also have a negative impact on our public image and brand perception.
If we fail to cost-effectively retain our existing customers or to acquire new customers, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be harmed.
The growth of our business is dependent upon our ability to continue to grow by cost-effectively retaining our existing customers and adding new customers. To a high degree, we rely on word of mouth to increase revenue. We also rely on the use of influencers which are expensive and may not provide the anticipated return on investment. Although we believe that many customers originate from word-of-mouth and paid and non-paid referrals, we expect to continue to expend resources and run marketing campaigns to acquire additional customers, all of which could impact our overall profitability. If we are not able to continue to expand our customer base, or fail to retain customers, our net revenue will grow slower than expected or decline.
The growth of our e-commerce channel is critical to our continued customer retention and growth. Historically, consumers have been slower to adopt online shopping for glasses than e-commerce offerings in other industries such as consumer electronics and apparel. Improving upon the consumer in-store experience through an online platform is difficult due to broad consumer demands on selection, quality, convenience, and affordability. Changing traditional optical retail habits is difficult, and if consumers and retailers do not embrace smart eyewear as we expect, our business and operations could be harmed.
Our ability to attract new customers and increase net revenue from existing customers also depends in large part on our ability to enhance and improve our existing products and to introduce new products and services, in each case, in a timely manner. We also must be able to identify and originate styles and trends as well as to anticipate and react to changing consumer demands in a timely manner. The success of new and/or enhanced products and services depends on several factors, including their timely introduction and completion, sufficient demand, and cost-effectiveness. New products that we develop may not be well received and could negatively impact our financial performance.
Our number of customers may decline materially or fluctuate as a result of many factors, including, among other things:
● the quality, consumer appeal, price, and reliability of products and services offered by us;
● intense competition in the optical retail industry by better financed participants;
● negative publicity related to our brand or brand influencers; and
● customer dissatisfaction with changes we make to our products and services.
In addition, if we are unable to provide high-quality support to customers or help resolve issues in a timely and acceptable manner, our ability to attract new customers and retain customers could be adversely affected. If our number of customers declines or fluctuates for any of these reasons among others, our business would suffer.
Our profitability and cash flows may be negatively affected if we are not successful in managing our inventory balances and inventory shrinkage.
Efficient inventory management is a key component of our business success and profitability. To be successful, we must maintain sufficient inventory levels to meet our customers’ demands without allowing those levels to increase to such an extent that the costs to hold the goods unduly impact our financial results. We must balance the need to maintain inventory levels that are sufficient to ensure competitive lead times against the risk of inventory obsolescence because of changing customer requirements, fluctuating commodity prices, changes to our products, product transfers, or the life cycle of our products. If we fail to adequately forecast demand for any product, or fail to determine the optimal product mix for production purposes, we may face production capacity issues in processing sufficient quantities of a given product. If our buying and distribution decisions do not accurately predict customer trends or spending levels in general or if we inappropriately price products, we may have to record potential write-downs relating to the value of obsolete or excess inventory. Conversely, if we underestimate future demand for a particular product or do not respond quickly enough to replenish our best performing products, we may have a shortfall in inventory of such products, likely leading to unfulfilled orders, reduced net revenue, and customer dissatisfaction. In addition, because we source components from suppliers located in China, our inventory management may be impacted by enactment or further escalation of tariffs, import restrictions, foreign government regulations, trade restrictions, customs, and duties.
Maintaining adequate inventory requires significant attention and monitoring of market trends, local markets, developments with suppliers, and our distribution network, and it is not certain that we will be effective in our inventory management.
If we fail to maintain and enhance our brand, our ability to engage or expand our base of customers will be impaired, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations may suffer.
Maintaining and enhancing our appeal and reputation as a stylish, innovative, and coveted brand is critical to attracting and expanding our relationships with customers. The successful promotion of our brand and the market’s awareness of our products and services will depend on a number of factors, including our marketing efforts, ability to continue to develop our products and services, and ability to successfully differentiate our offerings from competitive offerings. We expect to invest substantial resources to promote and maintain our brand, but there is no guarantee that our brand development strategies will enhance the recognition of our brand or lead to increased sales. The strength of our brand will depend largely on our ability to provide stylish, technologically enhanced products and quality services at competitive prices. Brand promotion activities may not yield increased net revenue, and even if they do, the increased net revenue may not offset the expenses we incur in promoting and maintaining our brand and reputation. In order to protect our brand, we also plan to expend substantial resources to register and defend our trademarks and to prevent others from using the same or substantially similar marks. Despite these efforts, we and Lucyd Ltd. may not always be successful in protecting the trademarks we license from Lucyd Ltd. Our trademarks may be diluted, and we may suffer harm to our reputation, or other harm to our brand. If our efforts to cost-effectively promote and maintain our brand are not successful, our results of operations and our ability to attract and engage customers, partners, and employees may be adversely affected.
Unfavorable publicity regarding our products, customer service, or privacy and security practices could also harm our reputation and diminish confidence in, and the use of, our products and services. In addition, negative publicity related to key brands that we have partnered with may damage our reputation, even if the publicity is not directly related to us. If we fail to maintain, protect, and enhance our brand successfully or to maintain loyalty among customers, or if we incur substantial expenses in unsuccessful attempts to maintain, protect, and enhance our brand, we may fail to attract or increase the engagement of customers, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations may suffer.
We rely heavily on our information technology systems, as well as those of our third-party vendors, business partners, and service providers, for our business to effectively operate and to safeguard confidential information; any significant failure, inadequacy, interruption, or data security incident could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and operations.
We rely heavily on our in-house information technology and enterprise resource planning systems for many functions across our operations, including managing our supply chain and inventory, processing customer transactions in our stores, allocating lens processing jobs to the appropriate laboratories, our financial accounting and reporting, compensating our employees, and operating our website, mobile applications and in-store systems. Our ability to effectively manage our business and coordinate the manufacturing, sourcing, distribution, and sale of our products depends significantly on the reliability and capacity of these systems. We are critically dependent on the integrity, security, and consistent operations of these systems, which are highly reliant on the coordination of our internal business and engineering teams. We also collect, process, and store sensitive and confidential information, including our proprietary business information and that of our customers, employees, suppliers, and business partners. The secure processing, maintenance, and transmission of this information is critical to our operations.
Our systems may be subject to damage or interruption from power outages or damages, telecommunications problems, data corruption, software errors, network failures, acts of war or terrorist attacks, fire, flood, global pandemics, and natural disasters; our existing safety systems, data backup, access protection, user management, and information technology emergency planning may not be sufficient to prevent data loss or long-term network outages. In addition, we may have to upgrade our existing information technology systems or choose to incorporate new technology systems from time to time in order for such systems to support the increasing needs of our expanding business. Costs and potential problems and interruptions associated with the implementation of new or upgraded systems and technology or with maintenance or adequate support of existing systems could disrupt or reduce the efficiency of our operations.
Our systems and those of our third-party service providers and business partners may be vulnerable to security incidents, attacks by hackers, acts of vandalism, computer viruses, misplaced or lost data, human errors or other similar events. If unauthorized parties gain access to our networks or databases, or those of our third-party service providers or business partners, they may be able to steal, publish, delete, use inappropriately, or modify our private and sensitive third-party information including personal health information, credit card information, and personal identification information. In addition, employees may intentionally or inadvertently cause data or security incidents that result in unauthorized release of personal or confidential information. Because the techniques used to circumvent security systems can be highly sophisticated, change frequently, are often not recognized until launched against a target, and may originate from less regulated and remote areas around the world, we may be unable to proactively address all possible techniques or implement adequate preventive measures for all situations.
Security incidents compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of this information and our systems could result from cyber-attacks, computer malware, viruses, social engineering (including spear phishing and ransomware attacks), credential stuffing, supply chain attacks, efforts by individuals or groups of hackers and sophisticated organizations, including state-sponsored organizations, errors or malfeasance of our personnel, and security vulnerabilities in the software or systems on which we rely. We anticipate that these threats will continue to grow in scope and complexity over time and such incidents have occurred in the past, and may occur in the future, resulting in unauthorized, unlawful, or inappropriate access to, inability to access, disclosure of, or loss of the sensitive, proprietary and confidential information that we handle.
We also rely on a number of third-party service providers to operate our critical business systems, provide us with software, and process confidential and personal information, such as the payment processors that process customer credit card payments, which expose us to security risks outside of our direct control and our ability to monitor these third-party service providers’ data security is limited. These service providers could experience a security incident that compromises the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of the systems they operate for us or the information they process on our behalf. Cybercrime and hacking techniques are constantly evolving, and we or our third-party service providers may be unable to anticipate attempted security breaches, react in a timely manner, or implement adequate preventative measures, particularly given the increasing use of hacking techniques designed to circumvent controls, avoid detection, and remove or obfuscate forensic artifacts. While we have taken measures designed to protect the security of the confidential and personal information under our control, we cannot assure you that any security measures that we or our third-party service providers have implemented will be effective against current or future security threats.
A security breach may also cause us to breach our contractual obligations. Our agreements with certain customers, business partners, or other stakeholders may require us to use industry-standard or reasonable measures to safeguard personal information. We also may be subject to laws that require us to use industry-standard or reasonable security measures to safeguard personal information. A security incident could lead to claims by our customers, business partners, or other relevant stakeholders that we have failed to comply with such legal or contractual obligations. In addition, our inability to comply with data privacy obligations in our contracts or our inability to flow down such obligations to our vendors, collaborators, other contractors, or consultants may cause us to breach our contracts. As a result, we could be subject to legal action, or our customers or business partners could end their relationships with us. There can be no assurance that the limitations of liability in our contracts would be enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from liabilities or damages.
In addition, any such access, disclosure or other loss or unauthorized use of information or data, whether actual or perceived, could result in legal claims or proceedings, regulatory investigations or actions, and other types of liability under laws that protect the privacy and security of personal information, including federal, state and foreign data protection and privacy regulations, violations of which could result in significant penalties and fines in the EU and United States. In addition, although we seek to detect and investigate all data security incidents, security breaches, and other incidents of unauthorized access to our information technology systems and data can be difficult to detect and any delay in identifying such breaches or incidents may lead to increased harm and legal exposure of the type described above.
The cost of investigating, mitigating, and responding to potential security breaches and complying with applicable breach notification obligations to individuals, regulators, partners, and others can be significant. Further, defending a suit, regardless of its merit, could be costly, divert management attention, and harm our reputation. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against us that exceed available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements, could adversely affect our reputation, business, financial condition, revenues, results of operations, or cash flows. Any material disruption or slowdown of our systems or those of our third-party service providers and business partners, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Our risks are likely to increase as we continue to expand, grow our customer base, and process, store, and transmit increasing amounts of proprietary and sensitive data.
Our e-commerce and multichannel channel business faces distinct risks, and our failure to successfully manage it could have a negative impact on our profitability.
As an e-commerce and multichannel retailer, we encounter risks and difficulties frequently experienced by businesses with significant online and in-store sales. The successful operation of our business as well as our ability to provide a positive shopping experience that will generate orders and drive subsequent visits depends on efficient and uninterrupted operation of our e-commerce order-taking and fulfillment operations. If we are unable to allow real-time and accurate visibility to product availability when customers are ready to purchase, quickly and efficiently fulfill our customers’ orders using the fulfillment and payment methods they demand, provide a convenient and consistent experience for our customers regardless of the ultimate sales channel, or effectively manage our online sales, our ability to compete and our results of operations could be adversely affected. Risks associated with our e-commerce and multichannel business include:
● uncertainties associated with our websites, mobile applications and in-store virtual try-on kiosks including changes in required technology interfaces, website downtime and other technical failures, costs and technical issues as we upgrade our systems software, inadequate system capacity, computer viruses, human error, security breaches, legal claims related to our systems operations, and fulfillment;
● our partnership with select third-party apps, through which we sell a portion of our products, are subject to changes in their technology interfaces, website downtime and other technical failures, costs, and issues;
● disruptions in internet service or power outages;
● reliance on third parties for computer hardware and software, as well as delivery of merchandise to our customers;
● rapid technology changes;
● credit or debit card fraud and other payment processing related issues;
● cybersecurity and consumer privacy; and
● natural disasters or adverse weather conditions.
In addition, we must keep up to date with competitive technology trends, including the use of new or improved technology, creative user interfaces, virtual and augmented reality, and other e-commerce marketing tools such as paid search and mobile application, among others, which may increase our costs and which may not increase sales or attract customers. Our competitors, most of whom have significantly greater resources than we do, may also be able to benefit from changes in e-commerce technologies, which could harm our competitive position.
If we fail to adapt and respond effectively to rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards and changing customer needs or requirements, our solutions may become less competitive.
Our success depends on our customers’ willingness to adopt and use our products, as well as our ability to adapt and enhance our products. To attract new customers and increase revenue from existing customers, we need to continue to enhance and improve our products and to meet customer needs at prices that customers are willing to pay. Such efforts will require adding new features, expanding related applications and responding to technological advancements, which will increase our research and development costs. If we are unable to develop solutions that address customers’ needs or enhance and improve our platform in a timely manner, we may not be able to increase or maintain market acceptance of our products. Further, we may make changes to our products that customers do not find useful. We may also face unexpected problems or challenges in connection with new applications or feature introductions.
Moreover, many competitors expend a considerably greater amount of funds on their research and development programs, and those that do not may be acquired by larger companies that would allocate greater resources to competitors’ research and development programs. If we fail to compete effectively with the research and development programs of competitors, our business could be harmed. Our ability to grow is also subject to the risk of future disruptive technologies. If new technologies emerge that are able to deliver smart eyewear products at lower prices, more efficiently, more conveniently or more securely, such technologies could adversely affect our ability to compete.
We depend on highly skilled personnel to grow and operate our business, and if we are unable to hire, retain, and motivate our personnel, we may not be able to grow effectively.
Our success and future growth depend largely upon the continued services of our management team, including our Chief Executive Officer Harrison Gross. From time to time, there may be changes in our executive management team resulting from the hiring or departure of our executives. Our executive officers are employed on an at-will basis, which means they may terminate their employment with us at any time. The loss of one or more of our executive officers, or the failure by our executive team to effectively work with our employees and lead our company, could harm our business. We do not maintain key person life insurance with respect to any member of management or other employee.
In addition, our future success will depend, in part, upon our continued ability to identify and hire skilled employees with the skills and technical knowledge that we require, including software design and programming, eyewear design, marketing, merchandising, operations, and other key management skills and knowledge. Such efforts will require significant time, expense, and attention as there is intense competition for such individuals.
Certain technological advances, greater availability of, or increased consumer preferences for, vision correction alternatives to prescription eyeglasses or contact lenses, and future drug development for the correction of vision-related problems may reduce the demand for our products and adversely impact our business and profitability.
Technological advances in vision care, including the development of new or improved products, as well as future drug development for the correction of vision-related problems, could significantly change how vision care may be conducted and make our existing products less attractive or even obsolete. The greater availability and acceptance, or reductions in the cost, of vision correction alternatives to prescription eyeglasses and contact lenses, such as corneal refractive surgery procedures, including radial keratotomy, photorefractive keratotomy, or PRK, and LASIK, may reduce the demand for our products, lower our sales, and thereby adversely impact our business and profitability.
We could be adversely affected by product liability, product recall, or personal injury issues.
We could be adversely impacted by the supply of defective products, including the infiltration of counterfeit products into the supply chain or product mishandling issues. Product liability or personal injury claims may be asserted against us with respect to any of the products we sell or services we provide.
If the products that we sell, including those that we process, package, or label, are defective or otherwise result in product liability or personal injury claims against us, our business could be adversely affected and we could be subject to adverse regulatory action. If our products or services do not meet applicable governmental safety standards or our customers’ expectations regarding quality or safety, we could experience lost sales and increased costs, be exposed to legal and reputational risk, and face fines or penalties which could materially adversely affect our financial results.
Refunds, cancellations, and warranty claims could harm our business.
We allow our customers to return our products, subject to our refund policy, which allows any customer to return our products for any reason and receive a full refund for frames (prescription lenses excluded) within the first 7 days for sales made through our website, 30 days for sales made through Amazon, and 30 days for sales to most wholesale retailers and distributors (although certain sales to independent distributors are ineligible for returns). At the time of sale, we establish a reserve for returns, based on historical experience and expected future returns, which is recorded as a reduction of sales. Historically, we have experienced higher return rates on glasses with prescription lenses compared to glasses with non-prescription lenses, due to instances of improperly cut prescription lenses. If we experience a substantial increase in refunds, our cancellation reserve levels might not be sufficient and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be harmed. However, updates to the Company’s prescription lens return policy in January 2024, as mentioned above, is expected to support a reduction in excessive lens costs.
We expect a number of factors to cause our results of operations and operating cash flows to fluctuate on a quarterly and annual basis, which may make it difficult to predict our future performance.
Our results of operations could vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year because of a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. As a result, comparing our results of operations on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful. In addition to other risk factors discussed in this section, factors that may contribute to the variability of our quarterly and annual results include:
● our ability to accurately forecast and achieve net revenues and appropriately plan our expenses;
● changes to financial accounting standards and the interpretation of those standards, which may affect the way we recognize and report our financial results;
● the effectiveness of our internal controls;
● the early-stage nature of our business and the need to scale our operations; and
● our ability to introduce our new cobranded products and product upgrades.
The impact of one or more of the foregoing and other factors may cause our results of operations to vary significantly. As such, quarter-to-quarter and year-over-year comparisons of our results of operations may not be meaningful and should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance.
We may require additional capital to support the growth of our business, and this capital might not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.
Since our inception, we have primarily funded our operations through net proceeds generated from the offering and sale of shares of our common stock and warrants to investors. We cannot be certain when, or if, our operations will generate sufficient cash to fully fund our ongoing operations or the growth of our business. We intend to continue to make investments to support the development of our products and services and will require additional funds for such development. We may need additional funding for marketing expenses and to develop and expand sales resources, develop new products and improve existing products with new features or enhance our products and services with new technology, improve our operating infrastructure, or acquire complementary businesses and technologies. Accordingly, we might need or may want to engage in future equity or debt financings to secure additional funds. Additional financing may not be available on terms favorable to us, if at all. If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to invest in future growth opportunities, which could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing or financing on terms satisfactory to us, our ability to develop our products and services, support our business growth, and respond to business challenges could be significantly impaired, and our business may be adversely affected.
If we incur additional debt, the debt holders would have rights senior to holders of common stock to make claims on our assets, and the terms of any additional debt could include restrictive covenants that restrict our operations, including our ability to pay dividends on our common stock. Furthermore, if we issue additional equity securities, stockholders will experience dilution, and the new equity securities could have rights senior to those of our common stock. Because our decision to issue securities in the future will depend on numerous considerations, including factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing, or nature of any future issuances of debt or equity securities. As a result, our stockholders bear the risk of future issuances of debt or equity securities reducing the value of our common stock and diluting their interests.
The occurrence of any of these foregoing risks could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations and expose us to unknown risks or liabilities.
If we fail to successfully launch, or after we launch receive insufficient revenue from our cobranded collections with Nautica, Eddie Bauer, and Reebok, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be harmed.
We recently launched our cobranded collections with Nautica and Eddie Bauer in the first and second quarters of 2024, respectively. We also plan to launch our Reebok cobranded collection in the second quarter of 2025. We believe these brand partnerships will grow our company due to the global renown of these partners, and we believe that these brand partnerships will play a significant role in our future revenue growth by offering a more diversified product portfolio that speaks to consumers from different demographics (for example, Nautica generally appeals to a more fashion-forward customer than Lucyd Lyte, and Eddie Bauer generally appeals to an older demographic than our other lines).
However, if we are unable to successfully launch the Reebok cobranded collection, we may not be able to grow as currently anticipated and may be required to shift our current business plans. Further, following the launch our cobranded collections with Nautica, Eddie Bauer, and Reebok, there is no guarantee that we will receive sufficient revenue to pay the licensing fees that would be owed to Nautica, Eddie Bauer, and Reebok. Specifically, the aggregate future minimum payments due under the license agreements related to these brands is $14,010,000 over the next nine years, although we have the option to cancel the agreements during the fifth year. If we are not able to successfully market and sell our cobranded products, we will not receive sufficient revenue to pay the licensing fees and would need to use the proceeds from our other products to pay the fees. There can be no assurance that we will be able to profitably manage these cobranded collections, or that they will achieve anticipated revenues and earnings.
Eyeglasses are regulated as medical devices by the FDA, and our failure, or the failure of any third-party manufacturer or optical laboratory, to obtain and maintain the necessary agency authorizations for our products could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We are an FDA registered eyewear importer, and we also engage in certain manufacturing, packaging, shipping and labeling activities that subject us and our overseas manufacturing partners to oversight by the FDA under the FDCA and its implementing regulations. The FDA regulates, among other things, with respect to medical devices: design, development and manufacturing, testing, labeling, content, and language of instructions for use and storage; clinical trials; product safety; establishment registration and device listing; marketing, sales and distribution; premarket clearance, classification and approval; recordkeeping procedures; advertising and promotion; recalls and field safety corrective actions; post market surveillance, including reporting of deaths or serious injuries and malfunctions that, if they were to recur, could lead to death or serious injury; post-market approval studies; and product import and export. The regulations to which we are subject are simpler than most medical products due to the relatively low risk classification of eyewear-regularly, only our lenses are reviewed for FDA clearance. Regulatory changes could result in restrictions on our ability to carry on or expand our operations, higher than anticipated costs, or lower than anticipated sales. The FDA enforces its regulatory requirements through, among other means, periodic unannounced inspections. Failure to comply with applicable regulations could jeopardize our or our contract manufacturers’ ability to manufacture and sell our products and result in FDA enforcement actions such as: warning letters; fines; injunctions; civil penalties; termination of distribution; recalls or seizures of products; delays in the introduction of products into the market; total or partial suspension of production; refusal to grant future clearances or approvals; withdrawals or suspensions of clearances or approvals, resulting in prohibitions on sales of our products; and in the most serious cases, criminal penalties.
Due to the nature of the Lucyd app as a social application, and our collection of customer data in the process of taking orders, we are subject to rapidly changing and increasingly stringent laws, regulations, obligations, and industry standards relating to privacy, data security, and data protection. The restrictions and costs imposed by these laws and other obligations, or our actual or perceived failure to comply with them, could subject us to liabilities that adversely affect our business, operations, and financial performance.
We collect, process, store, and use a wide variety of data from current and prospective customers, including personal information, such as home addresses and geolocation, and health information related to their ophthalmic prescriptions. These activities are regulated by a variety of federal, state, local, and foreign privacy, data security, and data protection laws and regulations, which have become increasingly stringent in recent years.
Domestic privacy and data security laws are complex and changing rapidly. Many states have enacted laws regulating the online collection, use, and disclosure of personal information and requiring that companies implement reasonable data security measures. Laws in all states and U.S. territories also require businesses to notify affected individuals, governmental entities, and/or credit reporting agencies of certain security incidents affecting personal information. These laws are not consistent, and compliance with them in the event of a widespread data breach is complex and costly.
Further, the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) took effect on January 1, 2020. The CCPA gives California residents expanded rights related to their personal information, including the right to access and delete their personal information, and receive detailed information about how their personal information is used and shared. The CCPA also created restrictions on “sales” of personal information that allow California residents to opt-out of certain sharing of their personal information and may restrict the use of cookies and similar technologies for advertising purposes. Our e-commerce platform, including our websites and mobile applications, rely on these technologies and could be adversely affected by the CCPA’s restrictions. The CCPA prohibits discrimination against individuals who exercise their privacy rights, provides for civil penalties for violations, and creates a private right of action for data breaches that is expected to increase data breach litigation. Additionally, a new California ballot initiative, the California Privacy Rights Act, or CPRA, was recently passed in California. The CPRA will restrict use of certain categories of sensitive personal information that we handle; further restrict the use of cross-context behavioral advertising techniques on which our products may rely in the future; establish restrictions on the retention of personal information; expand the types of data breaches subject to the private right of action; and establish the California Privacy Protection Agency to implement and enforce the new law, as well as impose administrative fines. The majority of the CPRA’s provisions will go into effect on January 1, 2023, and additional compliance investment and potential business process changes will likely be required. Similar laws have been proposed in other states and at the federal level, reflecting a trend toward more stringent privacy legislation in the United States. Compliance with such laws could be difficult and costly to achieve and we could be subject to fines and penalties in the event of non-compliance.
Additionally, we are subject to certain health information privacy and security laws as a result of the health information that we receive in connection with our products and services. These laws and regulations include not be adequate to indemnify us for the full extent of our potential liabilities.
Finally, since the Lucyd app allows users to speak to each other in a public space operated by the Company, the Company has a basic responsibility to ensure that users are not exposed to harmful content, which if we fail to do so, could potentially result in legal action against the Company.
Our business could be adversely impacted by changes in the internet and mobile device accessibility of users. Companies and governmental agencies may restrict access to our products and services, our mobile applications, website, application stores, or the internet generally, which could negatively impact our operations.
Our business depends on customers accessing our products and services via a mobile device or a personal computer, and the internet. We may operate in jurisdictions that provide limited internet connectivity. Internet access and access to a mobile device or personal computer are frequently provided by companies with significant market power that could take actions that degrade, disrupt, or increase the cost of consumers’ ability to access our products and services. In addition, the internet infrastructure that we and our customers rely on in any particular geographic area may be unable to support the demands placed upon it and could interfere with the speed and availability of our products and services. Any such failure in internet or mobile device or computer accessibility, even for a short period of time, could adversely affect our results of operations.
Governmental agencies in any of the countries in which we or our customers are located could block access to or require a license for our mobile applications, website, or the internet generally for a number of reasons, including security, confidentiality, or regulatory concerns. In addition, companies may adopt policies that prohibit their employees from using our products and services. If companies or governmental entities block, limit, or otherwise restrict customers from accessing our products and services, our business could be negatively impacted, the number of customers could decline or grow more slowly, and our results of operations could be adversely affected.
From time to time, we may be subject to legal proceedings, regulatory disputes, and governmental inquiries that could cause us to incur significant expenses, divert our management’s attention, and materially harm our business, financial condition, and operating results.
From time to time, we may be subject to claims, lawsuits, government investigations, and other proceedings involving products liability, competition and antitrust, intellectual property, privacy, false advertising, consumer protection, securities, tax, labor and employment, commercial disputes, and other matters that could adversely affect our business operations and financial condition. As we grow, we may see a rise in the number and significance of these disputes and inquiries. Litigation and regulatory proceedings may be protracted and expensive, and the results are difficult to predict. Certain of these matters include speculative claims for substantial or indeterminate amounts of damages and include claims for injunctive relief. Additionally, our litigation costs could be significant. Adverse outcomes with respect to litigation or any of these legal proceedings may result in significant settlement costs or judgments, penalties and fines, or require us to modify our products or services, all of which could negatively affect our revenue growth. The results of litigation, investigations, claims, and regulatory proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, and determining reserves for pending litigation and other legal and regulatory matters requires significant judgment. There can be no assurance that our expectations will prove correct, and even if these matters are resolved in our favor or without significant cash settlements, these matters, and the time and resources necessary to litigate or resolve them, could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Risks Related to Intellectual Property
We license some of our technology from Lucyd Ltd. and from a third party. Our inability to maintain these licenses could materially affect our business, financial condition, and operating results.
Some of our current intellectual property is licensed from Lucyd Ltd., one of our larger stockholders, pursuant to a license agreement we entered into with Lucyd Ltd. on April 1, 2020 (the “License Agreement”). Pursuant to the License Agreement, we acquired an exclusive, worldwide license that is royalty-free, fully paid up, and perpetual license for the exclusive use of certain assets of Lucyd Ltd. related to Innovative Eyewear current products and trademarks. Please see “Business-Material Agreements” for a more complete description of the License Agreement.
Some of our current intellectual property is licensed from IngenioSpec, LLC, a third-party entity, pursuant to license agreement we entered into on January 3, 2024. Pursuant to this license agreement, we acquired a multi-year non-exclusive license for multiple smart eyewear patents that we fully prepaid at the time of entry into the agreement.
There can be no assurance that these licenses will not be terminated by the respective counterparty and if we are unable to continue to license such technology then our business, financial condition and operating results would be adversely affected.
Failure to adequately maintain and protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights could harm our brand, devalue our proprietary content, and adversely affect our ability to compete effectively.
Our success depends to a significant degree on Lucyd Ltd.’s ability to obtain, maintain, protect, and enforce our licensed intellectual property rights, including those in our proprietary technologies, know-how, and brand. To protect our rights to our intellectual property, we rely on a combination of patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret laws, domain name registrations, confidentiality agreements, and other contractual arrangements with our employees, affiliates, clients, strategic partners, and others. However, the protective steps we have taken and plan to take may be inadequate to deter misappropriation or other violation of or otherwise protect our intellectual property rights. We may be unable to detect the unauthorized use of, or take appropriate steps to enforce, our intellectual property rights. Effective patent, trademark, copyright, and trade secret protection may not be available to us or available in every jurisdiction in which we offer or intend to offer our services. Failure to adequately protect our intellectual property could harm our brand, devalue our proprietary technology and content, and adversely affect our ability to compete effectively. Further, even if we are successful, defending our intellectual property rights could result in the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
If we fail to protect our intellectual property rights adequately, our competitors may gain access to our licensed intellectual property and proprietary technology and develop and commercialize substantially identical offerings or technologies. Any patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights that we have or may obtain may be challenged or circumvented by others or invalidated or held unenforceable through administrative process, including re-examination, inter partes review, interference and derivation proceedings, and equivalent proceedings in foreign jurisdictions (e.g., opposition proceedings), or litigation. There can be no assurance that our patent applications will result in issued patents and we may be unable to obtain or maintain patent protection for our technology. In addition, any patents issued from pending or future patent applications or licensed to us in the future may not provide us with claims sufficiently broad to provide meaningful competitive advantages or may be successfully challenged by third parties. There is also no guarantee that our pending trademark applications for any mark will proceed to registration; our pending applications may be opposed by a third party prior to registration; and even those trademarks that are registered could be challenged by a third party, including by way of revocation or invalidity actions. For example, we have registrations in a number of foreign countries in which we are not currently offering goods or services, and those registrations could be subject to invalidation proceedings if we cannot demonstrate use of the marks by the applicable use deadlines in those countries. In addition, because patent applications in the United States are currently maintained in secrecy for a period of time prior to issuance, and patent applications in certain other countries generally are not published until more than 18 months after they are first filed, and because publication of discoveries in scientific or patent literature often lags behind actual discoveries, we cannot be certain that we were the first creator of inventions covered by our pending patent applications or that we were the first to file patent applications on such inventions. To maintain a proprietary market position in foreign countries, we may seek to protect some of our proprietary inventions through foreign counterpart patent applications. Statutory differences in patentable subject matter may limit the protection we can obtain on some of our inventions outside of the United States. The diversity of patent laws may make our expenses associated with the development and maintenance of intellectual property in foreign jurisdictions more expensive than we anticipate. We probably will not be able to obtain the same patent protection in every market in which we may otherwise be able to potentially generate revenue. Further, the laws of some foreign countries may not be as protective of intellectual property rights as those in the United States, and mechanisms for enforcement of intellectual property rights may be inadequate. Moreover, policing unauthorized use of our technologies, trade secrets, and intellectual property may be difficult, expensive, and time-consuming. Despite our precautions, it may be possible for unauthorized third parties to copy our offerings and capabilities and use information that we regard as proprietary to create offerings that compete with ours. Third parties may apply to register our trademarks or other trademarks similar to our trademarks in jurisdictions before us, thereby creating risks relating to our ability to use and register our trademarks in those jurisdictions. In addition, there could be potential trade name or trademark ownership or infringement claims brought by owners of other rights, including registered trademarks, in our marks or marks similar to ours. Any claims of infringement, brand dilution, or consumer confusion related to our brand (including our trademarks) or any failure to renew key license agreements on acceptable terms could damage our reputation and brand identity and substantially harm our business and results of operations. The value of our intellectual property could diminish if others assert rights in or ownership of our trademarks and other intellectual property rights, or trademarks that are similar to our trademarks. We may be unable to successfully resolve these types of conflicts to our satisfaction. In some cases, litigation or other actions may be necessary to protect or enforce our trademarks and other intellectual property rights.
We generally enter into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees and consultants, as well as confidentiality agreements with other third parties, including suppliers and other partners. However, we cannot guarantee that we have entered into such agreements with each party that has or may have had access to our proprietary information, know-how, and trade secrets. Moreover, no assurance can be given that these agreements will be effective in controlling access to our proprietary information or the distribution, use, misuse, misappropriation, reverse engineering, or disclosure of our proprietary information, know-how, and trade secrets. Further, these agreements may not prevent our competitors from independently developing technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our offerings and capabilities. These agreements may be breached, and we may not have adequate remedies for any such breach.
We may be required to spend significant resources to monitor and protect our intellectual property rights. Litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights and to protect our trade secrets. Litigation brought to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights could be costly, time-consuming, and distracting to management, and could result in the impairment or loss of portions of our intellectual property rights. Further, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights may be met with defenses, counterclaims, and countersuits attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights, and if such defenses, counterclaims, or countersuits are successful, we could lose valuable intellectual property rights. Further, any changes in law or interpretation of any such laws, particularly intellectual property laws, may impact our ability to protect, register, or enforce our intellectual property rights. Our inability to protect our proprietary technology against unauthorized copying or use, as well as any costly litigation or diversion of our management’s attention and resources, could delay further sales or the implementation of our offerings and capabilities, impair the functionality of our offerings and capabilities, delay introductions of new offerings, result in our substituting inferior or more costly technologies into our offerings, or injure our reputation.
Domain names generally are regulated by internet regulatory bodies, and the regulation of domain names is subject to change. Regulatory bodies have and may continue to establish additional top-level domains, appoint additional domain name registrars, or modify the requirements for holding domain names. We may not be able to, or it may not be cost-effective to, acquire or maintain all domain names that utilize the name “Lucyd Ltd.” or “Innovative Eyewear” in all of the countries in which we currently conduct or intend to conduct business. If we lose the ability to use a domain name, we could incur significant additional expenses to market our products within that country, including the development of new branding. This could substantially harm our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.
We may incur costs to defend against, face liability or for being vulnerable to intellectual property infringement claims brought against us by others.
Third parties may assert claims against us alleging that we infringe upon, misappropriate, dilute or otherwise violate their intellectual property rights, particularly as we expand our business and the number of products we offer. These risks have been amplified by the increase in third parties whose sole or primary business is to assert such claims. We may be particularly vulnerable to such claims, as companies having a substantial online presence are frequently subject to litigation based on allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. As we gain an increasingly high public profile, the possibility of intellectual property rights claims against us grows. Our competitors and others may now and in the future have significantly larger and more mature patent portfolios than us.
We rely on contracts and releases for ownership of copyrighted materials and the right to use images of individuals on our webpage and marketing material, and we may be subject to claims that we did not properly obtain rights, consent, a release, or permission to use certain content or imagery. Many potential litigants have the ability to dedicate substantial resources to the assertion of their intellectual property rights. Any claim of infringement by a third party, even those without merit, could cause us to incur substantial costs defending against the claim, could distract our management from our business, could require us to cease use of such intellectual property, and could create ongoing obligations if we are subject to agreements or injunctions (stipulated or imposed) preventing us from engaging in certain acts. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, we risk compromising our confidential information during this type of litigation. Our defense of any claim, regardless of its merit, could be expensive and time consuming and could divert management resources. We cannot predict the outcome of lawsuits and cannot ensure that the results of any such actions will not have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations. Successful infringement claims against us could result in significant monetary liability or prevent us from selling some of our products. In addition, resolution of claims may require us to redesign or rebrand our products, license rights from third parties on potentially unfavorable terms, cease using certain brand names or other intellectual property rights altogether, make substantial payments for royalty or license fees, legal fees, settlement payments or other costs or damages, or admit liability. Such outcomes could encourage others to bring claims against us. To the extent we seek a license to continue offerings or operations found or alleged to infringe third-party intellectual property rights, such a license may be non-exclusive, and therefore our competitors may have access to the same technology licensed to us. In the event we are required to develop alternative, non-infringing technology, this could require significant time (during which we would be unable to continue to offer our affected offerings), effort and expense, and may ultimately not be successful. Any of these events could harm our business and cause our results of operations, liquidity, and financial condition to suffer.
Risks Related to Our Dependence on Third Parties
We face risks associated with suppliers from whom our products are sourced and are dependent on a limited number of suppliers.
We purchase all of the inputs for our products, including eyeglass frames, temples with electronics embedded within them, prescription lenses, sun lenses, demo lenses, hinges, packaging materials and other components, parts, and raw materials, directly or indirectly from domestic and international suppliers. For our business to be successful, our suppliers must be willing and able to provide us with inputs in substantial quantities, in compliance with regulatory requirements, at acceptable costs and on a timely basis. Our ability to obtain a sufficient selection or volume of inputs on a timely basis at competitive prices could suffer as a result of any deterioration or change in our supplier relationships or events that adversely affect our suppliers.
We typically do not enter into long-term contracts with our suppliers and, as such, we operate without significant contractual assurances of continued supply, pricing or access to inputs. Any of our suppliers could discontinue supplying us with desired inputs in sufficient quantities or offer us less favorable terms on future transactions for a variety of reasons. The benefits we currently experience from our suppliers’ relationships could be adversely affected if our suppliers:
● discontinue selling products to us;
● raise their prices;
● increase lead times for products and/or key components
We also source inputs directly from suppliers outside of the United States, including China. Global sourcing and foreign trade involve numerous factors and uncertainties beyond our control including increased shipping costs, the imposition of additional import or trade restrictions, including legal or economic restrictions on overseas suppliers’ ability to produce and deliver inputs, increased custom duties and tariffs, unforeseen delays in customs clearance of goods, more restrictive quotas, loss of a most favored nation trading status, currency exchange rates, transportation delays, port of entry issues and foreign government regulations, political instability, and economic uncertainties in the countries from which we or our suppliers source our products.
We rely on a limited number of contract manufacturers and logistics partners for our products. A loss of any of these partners could negatively affect our business.
We rely on a limited number of third-party suppliers and contract manufacturers for the components that go into the manufacturing of our products. In particular, our frames are provided by only a handful of suppliers. We also assemble and fulfill prescription glasses at a single third-party optical laboratory. Our reliance on a limited number of contract manufacturers and logistics partners for our products increases our risks of being unable to deliver our products in a timely and cost-effective manner. In the event of interruption from any of our contract manufacturers or our own fulfillment capabilities, we should be able to increase capacity from other sources or develop alternate or secondary sources without incurring material additional costs or substantial delays.
Our business could be adversely affected if one or more of our manufacturers is impacted by a natural disaster, an epidemic, or other interruption at a particular location.
Additionally, we do not own or operate a warehouse or a warehouse management company or system, and we currently rely on three third-party warehouses. Because a significant percentage of our products are stored in and shipped out of third-party warehouses, we face significant risks such as, but not limited to: our operations could be disrupted and our inventory could be destroyed by earthquakes, floods, fires or other natural disasters or other events outside of our control, or the control of our third-party warehouse. Our dependence on third-party warehouses also exposes us to the risk that the warehouse may experience operational disruptions due to security or computer viruses, software and hardware failure, power interruptions and other system failures. If we encounter problems with our third-party warehouse, we may be unable to meet customer expectations, manage our inventory and fulfillment capacity, complete sales, fulfill orders in a timely fashion, and our ability to achieve objectives for operating efficiencies could be adversely affected, all of which could harm our reputation and our relationship with our customers.
Our projects could be hindered due to our dependence on third parties to complete many of our contracts.
In the current economic environment, third parties may find it difficult to obtain sufficient financing to help fund their operations. The inability to obtain financing could adversely affect a third party’s ability to provide materials, equipment or services which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, a failure by a third-party subcontractor, supplier or manufacturer to comply with applicable laws, regulations or client requirements could negatively impact our business and, for government clients, could result in fines, penalties, suspension or even debarment being imposed on us, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We depend on search engines, social media platforms, digital application stores, content-based online advertising, and other online sources to attract consumers to and promote our website and our mobile applications, which may be affected by third-party interference beyond our control and as we grow our customer acquisition costs may rise.
Our success depends in part on our ability to attract consumers to our website, mobile applications, and retail partners to convert them into customers in a cost-effective manner. We depend, in large part, on search engines, social media platforms, digital application stores, content-based online advertising, and other online sources for traffic to our website, mobile applications, and select application partners.
With respect to search engines, we are included in search results as a result of both paid search listings, where we purchase specific search terms that result in the inclusion of our advertisement, and free search listings, which depend on algorithms used by search engines. For paid search listings, if one or more of the search engines or other online sources on which we rely for purchased listings modifies or terminates its relationship with us, our expenses could rise, we could lose consumers and traffic to our website could decrease, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We plan to rely primarily on third-party insurance policies to insure our operations-related risks. If our insurance coverage is insufficient for the needs of our business or our insurance providers are unable to meet their obligations, we may not be able to mitigate the risks facing our business, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We procure third-party insurance policies or plan to procure policies to cover various operations-related risks including employment practices liability, workers’ compensation, property and business interruptions, cybersecurity and data breaches, crime, directors’ and officers’ liability, and general business liabilities. We rely on a limited number of insurance providers, and should such providers discontinue or increase the cost of coverage, we cannot guarantee that we would be able to secure replacement coverage on reasonable terms or at all. If our insurance carriers change the terms of our policies in a manner not favorable to us, our insurance costs could increase. Further, if the insurance coverage we maintain is not adequate to cover losses that occur, or if we are required to purchase additional insurance for other aspects of our business, we could be liable for significant additional costs. Additionally, if any of our insurance providers becomes insolvent, it would be unable to pay any operations-related claims that we make.
General Risk Factors
Failure to establish and maintain effective internal controls in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could have a material adverse effect on our business and stock price.
Since the completion of our initial public offering in August 2022, we have been required to comply with the SEC’s rules implementing Sections 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which requires management to certify financial and other information in our quarterly and annual reports and provide an annual management report on the effectiveness of controls over financial reporting. As an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, which will be in effect until after five years from our initial public offering, we may take advantage of certain temporary exemptions from various reporting requirements, including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act (and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder).
Based on the number of personnel available to serve the Company’s accounting function, management believes we are not able to adequately segregate responsibility over financial transaction processing and reporting. Further, the Company does not have a formal internal control environment in place and operating effectively. As such, we have identified these issues as material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and insufficient controls with respect to revenue recognition, and we may identify additional material weaknesses in the future that may cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations or result in material misstatements of our financial statements. If our remediation of such material weaknesses is not effective, or if we fail to develop and maintain an effective system of internal controls and internal control over financial reporting, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable laws and regulations could be materially and adversely affected and the market price of our common stock could be negatively affected, which could require additional financial and management resources.
Changes in tax treatment of companies engaged in e-commerce may adversely affect the commercial use of our sites and our financial results.
Due to the global nature of the Internet, it is possible that various states or foreign countries might attempt to impose additional or new regulation on our business or levy additional or new sales, income, or other taxes relating to our activities. Tax authorities at the international, federal, state, and local levels are currently reviewing the appropriate treatment of companies engaged in e-commerce and digital services. New or revised international, federal, state, or local tax regulations or court decisions may subject us or our customers to additional sales, income and other taxes. For example, on June 21, 2018, the U.S. Supreme Court rendered a 5-4 majority decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair Inc., 17-494 where the Court held, among other things, that a state may require an out-of-state seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales taxes on goods the seller ships to consumers in the state, overturning existing court precedent. Other new or revised taxes and, in particular, digital taxes, sales taxes, VAT, and similar taxes could increase the cost of doing business online and decrease the attractiveness of selling products over the Internet. New taxes and rulings could also create significant increases in internal costs necessary to capture data and collect and remit taxes. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.
An overall decline in the health of the economy and other factors impacting consumer spending, such as recessionary conditions, governmental instability, inclement weather, and natural disasters, may affect consumer purchases, which could reduce demand for our products and harm our business, financial conditions, and results of operations.
Our business depends on consumer demand for our products and, consequently, is sensitive to a number of factors that influence consumer confidence and spending, such as general economic conditions, consumer disposable income, energy and fuel prices, recession and fears of recession, unemployment, minimum wages, availability of consumer credit, consumer debt levels, conditions in the housing market, interest rates, tax rates and policies, inflation, consumer confidence in future economic conditions and political conditions, war and fears of war, inclement weather, natural disasters, terrorism, outbreak of viruses or widespread illness, and consumer perceptions of personal well-being and security. However, as eyewear is a necessary medical device for a large segment of the population, we believe our business is more insulated from economic forces compared to other consumer electronics.
We are an “emerging growth company,” and we cannot be certain if the reduced reporting and disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our common stock less attractive to investors.
We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, and we may take advantage of certain exemptions from reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies,” including the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Pursuant to Section 107 of the JOBS Act, as an emerging growth company, we have elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. As a result, our financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of issuers who are required to comply with the effective dates for new or revised accounting standards that are applicable to public companies, which may make our common stock less attractive to investors. In addition, if we cease to be an emerging growth company, we will no longer be able to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards.
We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of: (1) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our listing; (2) the last day of the first fiscal year in which our annual gross revenue is $1.07 billion or more; (3) the date on which we have, during the previous rolling three-year period, issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt securities; and (4) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the rules of the SEC.
We cannot predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive if we choose to rely on these exemptions. For example, if we do not adopt a new or revised accounting standard, our future results of operations may not be comparable to the results of operations of certain other companies in our industry that adopted such standards. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock, and our stock price may be more volatile.
Our current insurance coverage may not be adequate, and we may not be able to obtain insurance at acceptable rates, or at all.
We currently have General Liability and Product Liability policies covering our business. These policies may not provide sufficient coverage in the face of significant claims or multiple claims. Claims exceeding our insurance coverage could create significant increases in internal costs. This even could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
The market prices of our common stock has been volatile and can fluctuate substantially, which could result in substantial losses for our investors.
The market price of our common stock is highly volatile, and since our initial public offering in August 2022, the market price of our common stock has ranged from $3.31 to $96.00 per share (as adjusted for our reverse stock split). The market price of our securities could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to a variety of factors, which include:
● actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly or annual operating results;
● publication of research reports by securities analysts about us or our competitors or our industry;
● the public’s reaction to our press releases, our other public announcements and our filings with the SEC;
● our failure or the failure of our competitors to meet analysts’ projections or guidance that we or our competitors may give to the market;
● additions and departures of key personnel;
● strategic decisions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions, divestitures, spin-offs, joint ventures, strategic investments or changes in business strategy;
● the passage of legislation or other regulatory developments affecting us or our industry;
● speculation in the press or investment community;
● changes in accounting principles;
● terrorist acts, acts of war or periods of widespread civil unrest;
● natural disasters and other calamities; and
● changes in general market and economic conditions.
In addition, the stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of companies. Broad market and industry factors may negatively affect the market price of our common stock and Warrants, regardless of our actual operating performance. In the past, securities class action litigation has often been initiated against companies following periods of volatility in their stock price. This type of litigation could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention and resources, and could also require us to make substantial payments to satisfy judgments or to settle litigation.
We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future.
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock, and we do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. We expect to retain future earnings, if any, to fund the development and growth of our business. Any future determination to pay dividends on our capital stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors. Accordingly, you must rely on the sale of your common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gain on your investment.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate significantly and could fall below the expectations of securities analysts and investors due to the introduction of technologically more advanced products, seasonality and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, resulting in a decline in our stock price.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate significantly because of several factors, including:
● labor availability and costs for hourly and management personnel;
● changes in interest rates;
● macroeconomic conditions, both nationally and locally;
● changes in consumer preferences and competitive conditions;
● expansion to new markets;
● weather conditions in the regions we operate;
● increases in infrastructure costs; and
● fluctuations in commodity prices.
Unanticipated fluctuations in our quarterly operating results could result in a decline in our stock price.

---

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.

---

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Item 2. Properties.
Our executive offices are located at 11900 Biscayne Blvd., Suite 630, North Miami, Florida 33181. Our executive offices are provided to us by Tekcapital, who bills us for an allocation of rent paid by Tekcapital on our behalf. This arrangement does not have a specific end date, and can be terminated with 30 calendar days written notice by any party. We consider our current office space adequate for our current operations.

---

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
We are not currently the subject of any material pending legal proceedings; however, we may from time to time become a party to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business.

---

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
PART II

---

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
Item 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Market Information
Our common stock and Warrants trade on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbols “LUCY” and “LUCYW,” respectively since August 15, 2022. Prior to that date, there was no public market for our common stock or Warrants.
Holders
As of December 31, 2024, the approximate number of holders of record of our common stock was 3,775 and the closing price of our common stock was $4.92 per share. As of December 31, 2024, the approximate number of holders of record of our Warrants was 1 and the closing price of our Warrants was $0.045 per Warrant.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
See “Item 11. Executive Compensation.”
Dividend Policy
No cash dividends have been paid on our common stock since our inception. We have no present intention to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
There were no sales of unregistered securities during the three months ended December 31, 2024.
Purchases of Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
On April 12, 2023, an individual cashlessly exercised of 300,000 stock options and received 85,638 shares of common stock.
On September 23, 2024, an investor cashlessly exercised 40,000 warrants and received 20,482 shares of common stock.
On December 13, 2024, a total of 3,322 shares of common stock were exchanged from employees in connection with the income tax withholding obligations on behalf of such employees from the vesting of restricted stock units; the Company immediately sold such shares in the market.

---

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Item 6. Reserved.

---

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with the accompanying “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements” included within this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Except for historical information, the matters discussed in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations are forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties and are based upon judgments concerning factors that are beyond our control.
Overview
We develop and sell cutting-edge smart eyeglasses and sunglasses, which are designed to allow our customers to remain connected to their digital lives, while also offering vision correction and protection. Our flagship product, Lucyd Lyte, enables the wearer to listen to music, take and make calls, and use voice assistants and ChatGPT to perform many common smartphone tasks hands-free.
Our mission is to Upgrade Your Eyewear®. Our smart eyewear is a fusion of headphones with glasses, bringing vision correction and protection together with digital connectivity and clear audio, while also offering a solution for listening to music outdoors (as compared to in-ear headphones). The convenience of having a Bluetooth headset and comfortable glasses in one, especially for those who are already accustomed to all-day eyewear use, offers a lifestyle upgrade at a price most consumers can afford.
Since the initial launch of Lucyd Lyte in 2021, we have sold thousands of our smartglasses, and have significantly upgraded and expanded our product offerings - including the launch of Lucyd Lyte 2.0 and Lyte XL smartglasses in 2023, and most recently with the launch of the Lucyd Armor™, Nautica® Powered by Lucyd, and Eddie Bauer® Powered by Lucyd smart eyewear collections in 2024. The variety of smartglasses we offer underpin the Company’s mission to provide a smart alternative for all of the major types of eyewear used by consumers, offering a seamless upgrade in styles of eyewear they already enjoy. We plan to further expand our product offerings through the launch of new cobranded collections with Reebok in 2025.
All of our products are designed in Miami, manufactured in Asia, and currently sold through two major types of channels:
1. E-commerce - primarily via our website (Lucyd.co) and Amazon.com, as well as through Walmart.com, Target.com, BestBuy.com, DicksSportingGoods.com, Brookstone.com, and eBay; and,
2. A growing network of retail stores, including independent eyewear stores and national eyewear chains - we currently have over 540 retail stores selling our products (across over 300 unique wholesale accounts), and are continually working to expand our network.
We apply a manufacturer suggested retail price (“MSRP”) of $149 - $199 for non-prescription, polarized sunglass, and photochromic glasses across all of our online channels, with our wholesale pricing offering volume discounts to these prices. The Company believes having pricing that is competitive with traditional designer eyewear is essential for building market share in this new category, by eliminating the “cost of switching” for the average consumer.
We view our business model as capital light, as we have elected not to build our own manufacturing facilities and Company-owned retail distribution, but rather leverage existing sources of production and retail distribution. This allows us to focus on our core competency of smart eyewear design and manufacturing.
Key Factors Affecting Performance
Expansion of retail points of purchase
In addition to sustained growth of our e-commerce business, our future revenues are correlated positively with our placement of Lucyd glasses in optical stores, as well as sporting goods stores and other specialty stores. To address this, we have assembled a team with decades of experience in the eyewear industry and are offering a strong co-op marketing program and reordering incentives program. We currently offer an expansive line of 26 different models of glasses, and by mid-2025, we will offer 34 different styles and several accessories, including cobranded eyewear with well-known brands like Nautica, Reebok, and Eddie Bauer. In total, the Company expects to offer over 40 total smart eyewear SKUs across these brands and Lucyd by the end of 2025.
Retail store client retention and re-orders
Our ability to sustain and increase revenue is correlated positively with our ability to receive re-orders from stores, either directly or through our wholesale distributors. To support our sales to retail stores directly, we offer a strong co-op marketing program that includes free and paid store display materials. As part of this strategy, we have launched a new modular display system with engaging video screens and audio testing capabilities for our resellers to help educate their in-store customers about Lucyd products and enable customers to virtually try them on. This proprietary display system is central to our efforts to introduce traditional retail customers to Lucyd eyewear, and we are planning further enhancements to our merchandising displays to enable more immersive experiences. Additionally, we consistently incorporate retail partner feedback directly into our frames to better serve our end users. We have deployed 45 such display systems to retailers.
Investing in business growth
We believe that people care about what they wear on their faces, and because we understand that customers have diverse preferences about the shape, size, and design of their eyewear, we aim to continuously invest in the design and development of new models in an effort to provide the consumer with a wide selection of styles, colors, and finishes.
We are offering a strong co-op marketing program with retail stores, and intend to expand our sales, marketing, and brand ambassador teams to broaden our brand awareness and online presence.
Key Performance Indicators
Store Count (B2B)
We believe that one of the key indicators for our business is the number of retail stores onboarded to sell our products. We started onboarding our first retail stores in June 2021, and since then have continue to grow through the current year. Currently, we have over 540 retail stores selling our smart eyeglasses, primarily in the United States and Canada, across over 300 unique wholesale accounts. Based on the existing demand for our products, current distribution, and recently consummated supply agreements, we anticipate that our products will be available in a significant number of new third-party retail locations in 2025.
Customer Ratings (B2C)
The Company’s latest products are receiving higher ratings online compared to our previous products, indicating that customers are appreciative of improvements in product design, functionality, and build quality. For example, our new Lucyd Armor product has a 4/5 rating on Amazon. This is a strong signal of positive feedback on our products that indicates our ability to grow and scale with America’s largest online retailer and other platforms.
Results of Operations
Years Ended December 31, 2024 (“current year”) and December 31, 2023 (“prior year”)
Year ended
December 31,
Year ended
December 31,
Change
Revenues, net
$ 1,636,440
%
$ 1,152,479
%
$ 483,961
%
Less: Cost of Goods Sold
(1,421,250 )
%
(1,271,808 )
%
(149,442 )
%
Gross Profit (Deficit)
215,190
%
(119,329 )
%
334,519
%
Operating Expenses:
General and administrative
(4,473,292 )
%
(3,886,960 )
%
(586,332 )
%
Sales and marketing
(2,706,213 )
%
(2,047,069 )
%
(659,144 )
%
Research and development
(819,387 )
%
(662,184 )
%
(157,203 )
%
Related party management fee
(140,000 )
%
(140,000 )
%
-
%
Total Operating Expenses
(8,138,892 )
%
(6,736,213 )
%
(1,402,679 )
%
Other Income (Expense)
157,187
%
195,150
%
(37,963 )
%
Interest Expense
-
%
(3,036 )
%
3,036
%
Total Other Income (Expense), net
157,187
%
192,114
%
(34,927 )
%
Net Loss
$ (7,766,515 )
%
$ (6,663,428 )
%
$ (1,103,087 )
%
Revenue
Our revenues for the year ended December 31, 2024, were $1,636,440, representing an increase of approximately 42% as compared to revenues of $1,152,479 during the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase in revenue was primarily attributable to significant growth in the e-commerce channel, with net sales through our Lucyd.co website and Amazon.com increasing by approximately 89% and 14%, respectively, from the prior year, while wholesale revenues declined by approximately 27%.
Overall, our revenue growth was primarily attributable to higher unit volumes, largely driven by our new product launches over the past year (including the cobranded Nautica® Powered by Lucyd and Eddie Bauer® Powered by Lucyd collections which were launched in January 2024 and April 2024, respectively, and the Lucyd Armor product line which was launched in October 2024). We sold over 2,000 units of Lucyd Armor glasses in the fourth quarter of 2024 alone. With respect to our cobranded collections, we sold over 3,000 units during the current year, and sales of the Nautica® Powered by Lucyd line have continued to increase each quarter since their initial launch. While Eddie Bauer® Powered by Lucyd styles have not been as successful as others thus far, likely due to their higher price point, the Nautica® cobranded collection has been very popular, with several of those styles ranking among our top products. We believe our brand partnerships play a significant role in our revenue growth by offering a more diversified product line that speaks to consumers from different demographics (for example, Nautica® generally appeals to a more fashion-forward customer than Lucyd Lyte, and Eddie Bauer® generally appeals to an older demographic than our other lines). We also believe the cobranded collections have been useful in attracting retail partnerships, as merchandisers are more comfortable with well-known brands when introducing new products. Also contributing to our growth in revenues were our continued investments in marketing and advertising initiatives, as well as increased public interest and growth in smart glasses and the wearable products category.
The decline in wholesale revenues was largely driven by a change in our focus during the current year from small, independent retailers to major national retailers, the latter of which have slower product approval and purchasing cycles. However, we believe that focusing on introducing our product in major national retailers will have a significant positive impact on the Company’s revenues within the next 12 months.
For the year ended December 31, 2024, approximately 64% of sales were processed on our online store (Lucyd.co), 26% on Amazon.com, and 10% with reseller partners. As the relative proportion of sales processed through Lucyd.co for the current year increased as compared to the relative proportion of sales processed through Lucyd.co in the prior year, this shift in sales channel mix positively impacted our revenue for the current year as compared with the prior year, due to the fact we charge an additional $35 to $275 for our prescription lenses available only on Lucyd.co.
For the year ended December 31, 2024, we generated an aggregate of $1,137,849 of revenue from sales of non-prescription frames and accessories, $494,085 from sales of frames with prescription lenses, and $4,506 of revenue from app subscriptions. All of the $427,671 in sales generated on Amazon.com during the current year were for non-prescription frames and accessories, as we only offer prescription lenses through our website. Of the $1,036,713 in online sales generated through Lucyd.co, $494,085 was related to frames with prescription lenses and $542,628 was related to glasses with non-prescription lenses.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, approximately 47% of sales were processed on our online store (Lucyd.co), 33% on Amazon.com, and 20% with reseller partners. This product mix represents the fact that the e-commerce channels have grown more rapidly than our wholesale business. For the year ended December 31, 2023, we generated $963,405 of revenue from sales of non-prescription frames and accessories, and $189,074 from sales of frames with prescription lenses. All of the $375,513 in sales generated on Amazon.com during the current year were for non-prescription frames and accessories, as we only offer prescription lenses through our website and our optical store partners. Of the $547,850 in online sales generated through Lucyd.co, $189,074 was related to frames with prescription lenses and $358,776 was related to glasses with non-prescription lenses.
Overall, e-commerce sales remain to be the most material portion of our sales to date since inception; however, out of all of our sales channels, we believe that the wholesale optical channel represents the most promising opportunity for future growth in the long-term. To date, we believe e-commerce has been best suited to sell smart eyewear because of the enhanced product exposure opportunity compared to product on a shelf in a physical store - as online, prospective customers are able to learn more about products, conduct virtual try-ons, and comparison shop across the web with ease. However, we anticipate that as smart eyewear becomes a more normalized product category and becomes more common for prescription wear, major national eye care providers will begin to onboard smart eyewear products, and we believe we are the value leader in that sector. We have already started to see major retailers begin to offer smart eyewear in-store. Thus, we believe that selling wholesale into brick-and-mortar retailers represents our largest growth opportunity for a number of reasons, including:
● Our products are competitive with the few smart eyewear products that are currently sold in big box brick-and-mortar stores.
● Consumer awareness of the category is improving, driving consumer interest to try smart eyewear in-store.
● The optical channel is becoming more receptive to smart eyewear than in the past.
● We have been in direct negotiations with some of the largest retailers in the world in the last 12 months in regards to onboarding our products.
● Online competition in the category is only going increase, but with limited shelf space available in brick-and-mortar, only the strongest products will make it in-store.
● Overall marketing and acquisition costs for wholesale sales per unit is much lower than direct to consumer online sales.
With the success of the recently-launched Lucyd Armor smartglasses for the safety/industrial segment (which represents a growing market in which we currently have little or no direct competition), and the anticipated success of the upcoming launch of Reebok® Powered by Lucyd smartglasses for the sport/active lifestyle segment (in which we believe we will have a distinct advantage, as most sport smartglasses are very low quality Aliexpress products), we believe we are very well positioned to generate significant revenue growth in 2025.
Cost of goods sold
Our total cost of goods sold increased to $1,421,250 for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $1,271,808 for the year ended December 31, 2023. This increase was primarily driven by higher volumes of products sold during the current year, partially offset by lower costs.
Cost of frames increased by approximately 14% on an absolute dollar basis from the prior year, primarily related to the increase in sales volumes and also partially attributable to higher cost of goods sold associated with the new Eddie Bauer® Powered by Lucyd collection, due to the increased number of components, deluxe finishes, and materials for that product line. However, cost of frames as a percentage of net sales declined by 13 percentage points from the prior year, due to the combination of our switch to new suppliers with higher quality and lower manufacturing costs during 2023, and greater economies of scale driven by higher unit volumes. Smart eyewear is a highly specialized product that has the combined specifications and component requirements of a wireless Bluetooth headset and optical eyewear in one, meaning it is expensive to manufacture in smaller quantities of a few thousand at a time. As demand and awareness for smart eyewear continue to grow, we expect that our per unit cost will continue to decrease as order volumes increase.
Cost of lenses decreased by approximately 5% on an absolute dollar basis from the prior year, and decreased as a percentage of net sales by 8 percentage points from the prior year. These decreases were mainly driven by actions taken by management in the current year to better manage lens fulfillment costs, including (i.) the launch of the new Lucyd Shift and Lucyd Blueshift transitional lenses in place of branded third-party transitional lenses, offering similar functionality for a lower cost of goods, while also enabling a slightly lower cost to the customer, and (ii.) the engagement of a new lower-cost lens supplier based in Miami, Florida. These decreases were also impacted by sales channel mix, as a lower relative proportion of our sales in the current year were through our online store (Lucyd.co) in the current year than in the prior year, and all sales of glasses with prescription lenses are attributable to that channel.
Key components of cost of goods sold for the year ended December 31, 2024 included, but were not limited to, the cost of frames of $862,529; cost of prescription lenses incurred with third-party vendors of $256,860; commissions, affiliate referral fees, and e-commerce platform fees of $158,327; shipping and logistics costs of $95,363; product certification costs of $33,150; and quality assurance costs of $11,240. Out of our total cost of goods sold for the year ended December 31, 2024, $256,860 related to orders with prescription lenses, while $1,164,390 pertained to non-prescription orders.
Key components of cost of goods sold for the year ended December 31, 2023 included, but were not limited to, the cost of frames of $756,795; cost of prescription lenses incurred with our third-party vendor of $271,229; commissions, affiliate referral fees, and e-commerce platform fees of $201,686; shipping and logistics costs of $20,415; and quality assurance costs of $13,100. Out of our total cost of goods sold for the year ended December 31, 2023, $271,229 related to orders with prescription lenses, while $1,000,579 pertained to non-prescription orders.
With the recent (October 2024) launch of the Lucyd Armor line and the upcoming launch of the Reebok® Powered by Lucyd collection in 2025, we expect that our cost of goods sold will improve even more in future periods, as the frames for the aforementioned product lines are designed differently from our other products and accordingly have fewer components, thus reducing their price. We estimate that the unit cost of for the Lucyd Armor and cobranded Reebok® product lines will be at least 30% lower than our Lucyd Lyte models. Thus, while we anticipate that the total dollar value of our cost of goods sold will increase in 2025, primarily from greater volumes of products sold, we anticipate reduced unit costs (i.e., lower cost of goods sold as a percentage of net sales) as we continue to refine our stock-keeping unit (“SKU”) mix and scale our production quantities.
Additionally, in the moderate to long term timeframe, we expect third-party retail stores will become our primary sales channel as we onboard additional stores. Consequently, we expect sales of prescription lens offered through our website to decrease, as our third-party retail partners outfit our Lyte frames with more prescriptions.
Gross profit (deficit)
We had gross profit of $215,190, or 13% of net sales, for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to a gross deficit of $119,329, or negative 10% of net sales, for the year ended December 31, 2023. This improvement of $334,519 or 23 percentage points was primarily driven by the factors outlined above.
We expect that our gross profit margins will continue to improve in 2025, due to the factors outlined above.
Operating expenses
Our operating expenses increased by 21% to $8,138,892 for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $6,736,213 for the year ended December 31, 2023. This increase was primarily due to the following:
General and administrative expenses
Our general and administrative expenses increased by 15% to $4,473,292 for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $3,886,960 for the year ended December 31, 2023. This increase was primarily driven by the combination of (i) a $325,000 release payment made to a shareholder counterparty during the current year for the waiver of certain of that counterparty’s pre-existing contractual rights related to the Company’s equity offerings during the second quarter of 2024, (ii) an increase in legal costs of approximately $318,000, largely as a result of various shareholder and equity-related matters during the current year period. These increases were partially offset by lower insurance costs.
The Company maintains a lean staff salaried at market rates, and a significant portion of our general and administrative expenses consist of corporate overhead type costs which are fixed or semi-fixed in nature (e.g., rent, compliance, legal and professional services, etc.); as such, our general and administrative expenses are not expected to scale up significantly as our revenue increases over time.
Sales and marketing expenses
Our sales and marketing expenses increased by 32% to $2,706,213 for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $2,047,069 for the year ended December 31, 2023. This increase was primarily driven by the combination of (i) increased spending on paid ads to drive sales growth, and (ii) higher stock-based compensation recognized expense in the current year, mainly due to the fact that the prior year expense amount included the impact of a significant reversal of previously-recognized stock-based compensation for certain individuals within the Company’s sales and marketing function whose awards expired in 2023 without ever having vested, as the related performance conditions (sales quotas) for those awards were not met.
Our marketing plan for 2025 is strategically allocated to support our phased product rollout (e.g., the cobranded Reebok® Powered by Lucyd collections in the second and fourth quarters), while continuing to build overall brand awareness and presence. We are using data-driven decision-making to refine and optimize our marketing campaigns, in order to make our spending in this area more efficient, thus maximizing returns on our marketing investments. We anticipate that our total 2025 marketing spending will be between 2023 and 2024 levels.
From a long-term perspective, while we expect that our total sales and marketing expenses will scale up to some degree as our revenue increases, we anticipate that such increases in sales and marketing expenses will be mitigated somewhat by our planned focus on growing the wholesale optical channel, which, due to the nature of that channel, inherently does not require costly marketing campaigns to acquire each customer and as a result typically carries a lower marketing cost per unit sold. Additionally, we generally expect that a retailer who is successful with our products will reorder in large quantities, also without significant marketing expenditure.
Research and development costs
Our research and development costs increased by 24% to $819,387 for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared with $662,184 the year ended December 31, 2023.
This increase was primarily attributable to the 2024 write-off of approximately $88,000 of previously-capitalized software costs related to the development of the Vyrb app (which was launched as an open beta version in 2021, and had new features added over time, but had never been officially launched) as a result of management’s decision in 2024 to de-emphasize the Vyrb app in favor of shifting our primary software development focus to the Lucyd app. Certain elements and features developed for the Vyrb app may potentially be incorporated into future releases of the Lucyd app.
Also contributing to the increase in research and development costs were the impacts of product development cycles and timing of associated research and development spending. We have expanded our software team with additional vendors and specialists to support feature enhancements to the Lucyd app, and we hired a new audio engineering team in 2024 to support our frames with enhanced audio input and output.
Related party management fee
Our related party management fee was $140,000 for each of the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, based on the terms of the management services agreement between us and Tekcapital.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash Flow Data:
Year ended
December 31,
Year ended
December 31,
Net cash flows from operating activities
$ (6,739,630 )
$ (5,766,303 )
Net cash flows from investing activities
(5,162,157 )
(198,753 )
Net cash flows from financing activities
10,243,327
6,661,394
Net Change in Cash
$ (1,658,460 )
$ 696,338
The above table reflects changes in our cash and cash equivalents only, and reflects the Company’s investments in short-term U.S. Treasury bills as a cash outflow (reduction). The Company held $4,895,184 of such investments as of December 31, 2024. Including such investments in the table above as part of the Company’s overall liquidity (which management believes provides a more accurate depiction of the Company’s liquidity and economic position) would result in a net change in the Company’s overall liquidity of positive $3,236,724 for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Operating Activities
Net cash flows used in operating activities for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are primarily reflective of our net losses, resulting from our operating costs to support and grow our business, including employee-related costs, sales and marketing, research and development, and various costs associated with being a publicly-traded company. Additionally, our operating asset levels have grown significantly during 2023 and 2024 as we have procured additional inventory to position us for future anticipated sales growth.
Investing Activities
Net cash flows used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 were primarily reflective of the investment of a portion of the proceeds from our recent equity offerings (as described below) in 6-month U.S. Treasury bills. At the same time, the Company continued to invest in its growing intellectual property portfolio, making expenditures to file for various new patents.
Net cash flows used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2023 were primarily reflective of the Company’s purchase and redemption of low-risk government bonds and similar investment instruments for the purpose of earning interest on its cash balance. The Company also continued to invest in its growing intellectual property portfolio, making expenditures to file for various new patents.
Financing Activities
Net cash flows provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 were mainly driven by proceeds from multiple equity offering transactions as described below.
Net cash flows provided by financing activities for year ended December 31, 2023 were mainly driven by the various capital-raising activities undertaken during the year, including our second public offering completed in June 2023 and exercises of warrants by stockholders earlier in the year, partially offset by repayment of advances and convertible debt to related parties.
Second Public Offering
On June 26, 2023, the Company closed on a public offering of 252,494 units, with each unit consisting of one share of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase one share of common stock (the “Common Warrants”), in exchange for gross proceeds of approximately $4.7 million, before deducting underwriting discounts and offering expenses. In addition, pursuant to the terms of the placement agency agreement for the offering, the Company issued to the placement agent certain other warrants to purchase up to 9,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $26.25 per share.
The net proceeds received by the Company from this offering amounted to approximately $4,116,000, and were used by the Company primarily for working capital and general purposes.
At-the-Market Offerings
On April 15, 2024, the Company entered into an at-the-market offering agreement with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC, as sales agent (“HCW”), relating to the sale of common stock.
● From April 15, 2024 through April 28, 2024, the Company sold 2,828 shares of common stock and received approximately $13,000 of gross proceeds before deducting sales agent commissions and offering expenses. The net proceeds received by the Company from these transactions amounted to approximately $12,000.
● Following the first registered direct offering described below, from May 2, 2024 through May 24, 2024, the Company sold 34,900 shares of common stock and received approximately $536,000 of gross proceeds before deducting sales agent commissions and offering expenses. The net proceeds received by the Company from these transactions amounted to approximately $518,000.
● Following the second registered direct offering described below, from June 13, 2024 through June 30, 2024, the Company sold 246,742 shares of common stock and received approximately $1,918,000 of gross proceeds before deducting sales agent commissions and offering expenses. The net proceeds received by the Company from these transactions amounted to approximately $1,845,000.
● From July 12, 2024 through August 30, 2024, the Company sold 273,517 shares of common stock and received approximately $1,446,000 of gross proceeds before deducting sales agent commissions and offering expenses. The net proceeds received by the Company from these transactions amounted to approximately $1,399,000.
Approximately $50,000 of the net proceeds received from these offerings were used to pay legal fees to HCW. We intend to use the remaining net proceeds from these offerings primarily for working capital and general purposes.
First Registered Direct Offering
On May 1, 2024, the Company closed on a registered direct offering of 210,043 shares of its common stock and, in a concurrent private placement, warrants to purchase up to 210,043 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $4.88 per share, for a combined purchase price per share and warrant of $4.88. In exchange, the Company received approximately $1.0 million of gross proceeds, before deducting underwriting discounts and offering expenses. In addition, the Company issued to the placement agent warrants to purchase up to 15,754 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $6.10 per share. The net proceeds received by the Company from this transaction amounted to approximately $837,000.
Approximately $100,000 of the net proceeds received from this registered direct offering were used to pay a former agent for their waiver of a contractual right of first refusal; the remaining net proceeds received were used by the Company primarily for working capital and general purposes.
Second Registered Direct Offering
On May 29, 2024, the Company closed on a registered direct offering of 263,160 shares of its common stock and, in a concurrent private placement, warrants to purchase up to 263,160 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $9.50 per share, for a combined purchase price per share and warrant of $9.50. In exchange, the Company received approximately $2.5 million of gross proceeds, before deducting underwriting discounts and offering expenses. In addition, the Company issued to the placement agent warrants to purchase up to 19,737 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $11.876 per share.
The net proceeds received by the Company from this transaction amounted to approximately $2,134,000, and were used by the Company primarily for working capital and general purposes.
Warrants
On August 17, 2022, as part of the Company’s initial public offering, the Company issued warrants to purchase 112,700 shares of common stock, which began trading and are currently trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market, under the symbol “LUCYW” (which we refer to as the “Listed Warrants”).
In February 2023, holders of the Company’s Listed Warrants exercised such warrants to purchase an aggregate of 22,926 shares of the Company’s common stock, at an adjusted exercise price of $75.00 per share, resulting in net cash proceeds to the Company of approximately $1,532,000.
Between April 1, 2023 and April 16, 2023, holders of the Company’s Listed Warrants exercised such warrants to purchase an aggregate of 18,019 shares of the Company’s common stock, at an adjusted exercise price of $75.00 per share, resulting in net cash proceeds to the Company of approximately $1,204,000.
On April 17, 2023, the Company entered into a warrant exercise inducement letter agreement with certain accredited investors that were existing holders of the Company’s Listed Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 8,417 shares of the Company’s common stock for cash, wherein the investors agreed to exercise all of their existing Listed Warrants at an exercise price of $75.00 per share. The net proceeds received by the Company from this transaction amounted to approximately $391,000. In consideration for the immediate exercise of the existing Listed Warrants for cash, the exercising holders received new warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 15,000 shares of common stock (the “Private Warrants”) in a private placement pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Private Warrants are immediately exercisable upon issuance at an exercise price of $75.00 per common share and will expire on April 19, 2028. Subsequently, the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of these warrants were registered with the SEC through a Form S-1 filing.
During September 2024, the Company entered into multiple warrant inducement transactions with certain holders of its previously-issued warrants.
● On September 3, 2024, the Company entered into inducement letter agreements with certain holders of existing warrants (originally issued on June 26, 2023) to purchase an aggregate of 126,699 shares of common stock. The warrant holders exercised for cash the existing warrants at a reduced exercise price of $5.00 per share, resulting in gross proceeds to the Company of approximately $633,000; in addition to the shares of common stock issued as a result of the warrant exercise, the warrant holders also received new unregistered Series A and Series B warrants. This transaction closed on September 4, 2024, and the net proceeds received by the Company amounted to approximately $489,000.
● On September 18, 2024, the Company entered into inducement letter agreements with certain holders of existing warrants (originally issued on May 1, 2024 in connection with the First Registered Direct Offering described above) to purchase an aggregate of 148,567 shares of common stock. The warrant holders exercised for cash the existing warrants at an adjusted exercise price of $5.13 per share, resulting in gross proceeds to the Company of approximately $762,000; in addition to the shares of common stock issued as a result of the warrant exercise, the warrant holders also received new unregistered Series C and Series D warrants. This transaction closed on September 19, 2024, and the net proceeds received by the Company amounted to approximately $672,000.
● On September 22, 2024, the Company entered into inducement letter agreements with certain holders of existing warrants (originally issued on May 29, 2024 in connection with the Second Registered Direct Offering described above) to purchase an aggregate of 263,160 shares of common stock. The warrant holders exercised for cash the existing warrants at an adjusted exercise price of $9.875 per share, resulting in gross proceeds to the Company of approximately $2.6 million; in addition to the shares of common stock issued as a result of the warrant exercise, the warrant holders also received new unregistered Series E and Series F warrants. This transaction closed on September 24, 2024, and the net proceeds received by the Company amounted to approximately $2,343,000.
New Lucyd Ltd. Financing Agreement
On March 1, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement with Lucyd Ltd. pursuant to which the Company can receive up to $1,250,000 either (a) in services provided by Lucyd Ltd. to the Company or (b) in cash upon request of funds by the Company. Once funds or services are received by the Company, it will issue a convertible note to Lucyd Ltd. that will bear interest at 10% per annum and include the option to convert the note into shares of the Company’s common stock upon certain defined events. Upon issuance, the convertible note will have a maturity date of September 1, 2025, at which time all outstanding principal and accrued interest, if any, will be payable in full in cash or in the Company’s common stock. The Company will be able to prepay the convertible notes at any time with the written consent of Lucyd Ltd.
On March 1, 2025, the Company and Lucyd Ltd. entered into an amendment of the March 1, 2024 convertible note financing agreement, such that upon issuance, the convertible note will have a maturity date of September 1, 2026. There were no other changes to the terms and provisions of the agreement.
The Company has not borrowed any amounts under this agreement.
Other Factors
We expect that operating losses could continue in the foreseeable future as we continue to invest in the expansion and development of our business. We believe our existing cash and cash equivalents (including the proceeds from the equity offerings described above), plus the availability to borrow funds via the March 2024 related party agreement with Lucyd Ltd., will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next twelve months.
However, our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to, growth in the number of retail store customers, licenses, the needs of our e-commerce business and retail distribution network, expansion of our product and software offerings, and the timing of investments in technology and personnel to support the overall growth of our business. To the extent that current and anticipated future sources of liquidity are insufficient to fund our future business activities and requirements, we may be required to seek additional equity or debt financing. The sale of additional equity would result in additional dilution to our stockholders. The incurrence of debt financing would result in debt service obligations and the instruments governing such debt could provide for operating and financing covenants that would restrict our operations. There can be no assurances that we will be able to raise additional capital. In the event that additional financing is required from outside sources, we may not be able to negotiate terms acceptable to us or at all. Geopolitical and macroeconomic factors could cause disruption in the global financial markets, which could reduce our ability to access capital and negatively affect our liquidity in the future. If we are unable to raise additional capital when required, or if we cannot expand our operations or otherwise capitalize on our business opportunities because we lack sufficient capital, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows would be adversely affected.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of December 31, 2024, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Developments and Estimates
Management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported revenue generated and expenses incurred during the reporting periods, as well as related disclosures. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities and the amount of revenue and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, and any such differences may be material. We believe that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to understanding our historical and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management’s judgments and estimates.
We believe that our application of accounting policies, and the estimates inherently required therein, are reasonable. We periodically re-evaluate these accounting policies and estimates and make adjustments when facts and circumstances dictate a change. Historically, we have found our application of accounting policies to be appropriate, and actual results have not differed materially from those determined using necessary estimates.
Inventory
Our inventory consists of purchased eyewear and related accessories, and is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined on a specific identification method of inventory costing which attaches the actual cost to an identifiable unit of product.
Provisions for excess, obsolete, or slow-moving inventory are recorded after periodic evaluation of historical sales, current economic trends, forecasted sales, estimated product life cycles, and estimated inventory levels. Such provisions were $0 and $31,637 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded an inventory prepayment in the amount of $424,594 and $323,520, respectively, related to down payments on eyewear purchased from the manufacturer, prior to shipment of the product that occurred after the respective balance sheet dates.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets recognized on the Company’s books relate to:
● Internally-developed and licensed utility and design patents. We amortize these assets over the estimated useful life of the patents, and review our intangible assets for impairment whenever changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable.
● Capitalized software costs. We had previously incurred costs related to development of the Vyrb software application, and had previously capitalized approximately $88,000 of these costs related to coding, development, and testing (subsequent to establishing technical feasibility of the app), as it was our intention to market and sell this software externally. Although we launched Vyrb as an open beta version in 2021, and continued to add new features to Vyrb throughout 2022 and 2023, we had not officially launched the Vyrb app. During 2024, management decided to shift our primary software development focus to the Lucyd app, which was launched in April 2023 as a free application that enables the user to converse with the extremely popular ChatGPT AI language model through our glasses. Based on this decision, during the year ended December 31, 2024, we expensed the previously-capitalized Vyrb software development costs totaling approximately $88,000 to research and development expense, and as of December 31, 2024, we had no remaining capitalized software costs recorded on our balance sheet.
Income Taxes
We are taxed as a C corporation. We have incurred taxable losses since inception but are current in our tax filing obligations. We are not presently subject to any income tax audit in any taxing jurisdiction.
We account for income taxes under an asset and liability approach that recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the difference between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates in effect in the years in which the differences are expected to reverse (i.e., when taxes are actually paid or recovered).
We assess the realizability of our net deferred tax assets on an annual basis. A valuation allowance is established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. A review of all relevant available positive and negative evidence is considered, including the Company’s current and past performance, the market environment in which the Company operates, length of carryback and carryforward periods, and existing contracts that will result in future profits.
After reviewing all relevant available evidence, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
We account for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in our financial statements by using a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. Based on our evaluation, we have concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in our financial statements. We believe that our income tax positions would be sustained on audit and do not anticipate any adjustments that would result in a material change to the Company’s financial position.
Stock-Based Compensation
We recognize compensation expense for stock-based awards to employees and directors and others based on the grant date fair value of such awards. Forfeitures are accounted for as a reduction of compensation expense in the period when such forfeitures occur.
For stock option awards, the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model is used to estimate the fair value of share-based awards. The Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model incorporates various and highly subjective assumptions, including expected term and share price volatility.
● The expected term of the stock options is estimated based on the simplified method as allowed by Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107.
● The share price volatility is estimated using historical stock prices based upon the expected term of the options granted, using stock prices of comparably profiled public companies.
● The risk-free interest rate assumption is determined using the rates for U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with maturities similar to those of the expected term of the award being valued.
For awards of restricted stock units and shares of common stock, the fair value of the award is based on the quoted market price of our common shares on the NASDAQ stock exchange.
Revenue Recognition
Our revenue is primarily generated from the sales of prescription and non-prescription optical glasses and sunglasses, and shipping charges which are charged to the customer associated with these purchases. We sell products through our retail store resellers, distributors, on our own website Lucyd.co, and on Amazon.com. We have also recently started to generate revenue from the sale of subscriptions to the “Pro” version of our Lucyd app, which provides unlimited ChatGPT interactions and priority tech support for a monthly or annual fee.
To determine revenue recognition, we perform the following steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation. At contract inception, we assess the goods or services promised within each contract and determine those that are performance obligations, and also assess whether each promised good or service is distinct. We then recognize as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.
In instances where the collectibility of contractual consideration is not probable at the time of sale, the revenue is deferred on our balance sheet as a contract liability, and the associated cost of goods sold is deferred on our balance sheet as a contract asset; subsequently, we recognize such revenue and cost of goods sold as payments are received. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we recognized $30,000 and $17,500 of revenue, respectively, that was included in the contract liability balance as of January 1, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
All revenue, including sales processed online and through our retail store resellers and distributors, is reported net of discounts, returns, and sales taxes collected from customers on behalf of taxing authorities. Amounts billed to a customer for shipping and handling are reported as revenues; costs incurred for shipping and handling are included in cost of goods sold at the time the related revenue is recognized.
For sales generated through our e-commerce channels, we identify the contract with a customer upon online purchase of our eyewear and transaction price at the manufacturer suggested retail price (“MSRP”) for non-prescription, polarized sunglass and blue light blocking glasses across all of our online channels. Our e-commerce revenue is recognized upon meeting of the performance obligation when the eyewear is shipped to end customers. U.S. consumers enjoy free USPS first class postage on orders over $149, with faster delivery options available for extra cost, for sales processed through our website. For Amazon sales, shipping is free for U.S. consumers while international customers pay shipping charges on top of MSRP. Any costs associated with fees charged by the online platforms (Shopify for Lucyd.co website and Amazon) are not recharged to customers and are recorded as a component of cost of goods sold as incurred. The Company charges applicable state sales taxes in addition to the MSRP for both online channels and all other marketplaces on which we sell products.
For sales to our retail store partners, we identify the contract with a customer upon receipt of an order of our eyewear through our Shopify wholesale portal or direct purchase order. Revenue is recognized upon meeting the performance obligation, which is delivery of the Company’s eyewear products to the retail store, and is also recorded net of returns and discounts. Our wholesale pricing for eyewear sold to retail store partners includes volume discounts, due to the nature of large quantity orders. The pricing includes shipping charges, while excluding any state sales tax charges applicable. Due to the nature of wholesale retail orders, no e-commerce fees are applicable.
For sales to distributors, we identify the contract with a customer upon receipt of an order of our eyewear through a direct purchase order. If collectibility of substantially all of the contract consideration is probable, revenue is recognized upon meeting the performance obligation, which is delivery of our eyewear products to the distributor, and is also recorded net of returns and discounts. Our wholesale pricing for eyewear sold to retail store partners and distributors includes volume discounts, due to the nature of large quantity orders. The pricing does not include shipping. Due to the nature of wholesale retail orders, no marketplace fees are applicable, only credit card processing fees.
For sales of subscriptions to the “Pro” version of our Lucyd app, we identify the individual contracts with customers through detailed transaction reports from the Apple App Store or Google Play Store, with each individual transaction representing a separate contract. Revenue is recognized upon meeting the performance obligation, which is the right and availability of each customer to access the “Pro” features of the Lucyd app. For those customers that purchase such access on a month-to-month basis, we recognize revenue in the month in which the purchase of such access is made. For those customers which purchase an annual subscription, we recognize revenue on a straight-line basis over the subscription period, using a mid-month convention. The balance of unearned revenue related to app subscriptions that has been deferred on our balance sheet as a contract liability was $2,401 as of December 31, 2024.
The Company’s sales do not contain any variable consideration.
We allow our customers to return our products, subject to our refund policy, which allows any customer to return our products for any reason within the first:
● 7 days for sales made through our website (Lucyd.co)
● 30 days for sales made through Amazon
● 30 days for sales to most wholesale retailers and distributors (although certain sales to independent distributors are ineligible for returns)
For all of our sales, at the time of sale, we establish a reserve for returns, based on historical experience and expected future returns, which is recorded as a reduction of sales. Additionally, we review all individual returns received in the month following the balance sheet date pertaining to orders processed prior to the balance sheet date in order to determine whether an allowance for sales returns is necessary. The Company recorded an allowance for sales returns of $15,746 and $25,933 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

---

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Not required for smaller reporting companies.

---

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
See accompanying “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements.”

---

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.

---

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Co-Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Co-Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of the end of fiscal year 2024.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Our management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, does not expect that our internal controls over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide full assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected. Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria for effective internal control set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in the 2013 Internal Control - Integrated Framework. Based on this assessment, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2024.
This Annual Report on Form 10-K does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to a permanent exemption of the Commission that permits the Company to provide only management’s report in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Accordingly, our management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 has not been audited by our auditors, Cherry Bekaert LLP.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

---

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 9B. Other Information.
On December 13, 2024, Harrison Gross, our Chief Executive Officer, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan, which is effective through August 31, 2025. The terms of this arrangement provide for (i) the sale of stock to cover Mr. Gross’ income tax withholding obligations associated with the issuance of 19,200 shares of common stock in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units, plus (ii) the sale of 2,880 shares of common stock. As such, the estimated aggregate number of shares to be sold pursuant to this arrangement is 8,718.
On December 13, 2024, Konrad Dabrowski, our Co-Chief Financial Officer, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan, which is effective through August 31, 2025. The terms of this arrangement provide for the sale of stock to cover Mr. Dabrowski’s income tax withholding obligations associated with the issuance of 16,800 shares of common stock in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units. As such, the estimated aggregate number of shares to be sold pursuant to this arrangement is 4,982.
On December 13, 2024, Oswald Gayle, our Co-Chief Financial Officer, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan, which is effective through December 2, 2025. The terms of this arrangement provide for (i) the sale of stock to cover Mr. Gayle’s income tax withholding obligations associated with the issuance of 10,800 shares of common stock in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units, plus (ii) the sale of up to 100% of the net vested shares of common stock at certain specified limit prices. As such, the estimated minimum aggregate number of shares to be sold pursuant to this arrangement is 3,204, and the maximum aggregate number of shares that may be sold pursuant to this arrangement is 10,800.
On December 13, 2024, David Eric Cohen, our Chief Technology Officer, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan, which is effective through December 2, 2025. The terms of this arrangement provide for (i) the sale of stock to cover Mr. Cohen’s income tax withholding obligations associated with the issuance of 14,400 shares of common stock in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units, plus (ii) the sale of up to 3,038 of the net vested shares of common stock at certain specified limit prices. As such, the estimated minimum aggregate number of shares to be sold pursuant to this arrangement is 4,270, and the estimated maximum aggregate number of shares that may be sold pursuant to this arrangement is 7,308.
On December 13, 2024, Joaquin Abondano, our Chief Operating Officer, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan, which is effective through December 18, 2025. The terms of this arrangement provide for (i) the sale of stock to cover Mr. Abondano’s income tax withholding obligations associated with the issuance of 9,600 shares of common stock in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units, plus (ii) the sale of up to 40% of the net vested shares of common stock at certain specified limit prices. As such, the estimated minimum aggregate number of shares to be sold pursuant to this arrangement is 2,848, and the estimated maximum aggregate number of shares that may be sold pursuant to this arrangement is 5,548.

---

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
The following table sets forth certain information regarding our board of directors, our executive officers, and some of our key employees.
Name
Age
Position
Harrison R. Gross
Chief Executive Officer and Director
Konrad Dabrowski
Co-Chief Financial Officer
Oswald Gayle
Co-Chief Financial Officer
David Eric Cohen
Chief Technology Officer
Kristen McLaughlin
Director
Olivia C. Bartlett
Director
Louis Castro
Director
Harrison Gross is one of the founders of Innovative Eyewear and has served as our Chief Executive Officer and as a director since August 2019, where he guides the company’s product and brand development. Prior to his employment at Innovative Eyewear, from August 2017 to August 2019, Mr. Gross served in various positions, including chief executive officer and media & UX lead, of Lucyd Ltd. (one of our largest stockholders and the licensor of our smart eyewear technology) where he developed the Lucyd brand identity and oversaw general operations and product development. Additionally, from November 2015 to August 2021, Mr. Gross served as the Digital Media Manager of Tekcapital plc (“Tekcapital”) (LON: TEK), a university intellectual property investment firm that is the parent company of Tekcapital Europe Limited, and Lucyd Ltd, the holding company for Tekcapital’s shares in Innovative Eyewear, where he created, developed, and marketed the company’s licensed properties. Prior to that, from October 2013 to September 2014, Mr. Gross worked as a credit analyst for a Verizon, Inc. contractor, where he managed credit systems and provided support to Verizon agents. Mr. Gross is a graduate of Columbia University with a BA in Writing and received a BA in Jewish Studies from the Jewish Theological Seminary. Mr. Gross is well qualified to serve as a director due to his substantial knowledge of our product and his experience in marketing, product, and app development.
Konrad Dabrowski has served as our Co-Chief Financial Officer on a part-time basis since October 2024, and served as our Chief Financial Officer on a part-time basis from August 2019 through October 2024. Since July 2020, Mr. Dabrowski has also served as the chief financial officer of Tekcapital, where he co-manages Tekcapital’s investment strategy and oversees financial reporting for all of its portfolio companies. Between June 2017 and July 2020, Mr. Dabrowski served as the group controller of Tekcapital. Prior to his employment at Tekcapital, from March 2016 to June 2017, Mr. Dabrowski was a Global Accounting Manager for Restaurant Brands International (NYSE:QSR), a multinational fast food holding company, where he oversaw accounting and tax projects for Burger King within the Europe Middle East and Africa (EMEA) market. Prior to his employment at Restaurant Brands International, Mr. Dabrowski was an Audit Manager at Deloitte, where he managed end-to-end accounting audits for a portfolio of public and private corporate clients. Mr. Dabrowski has a Master’s in Finance and Banking from the Warsaw School of Economics and is a Certified Public Accountant.
Oswald Gayle has served as our Co-Chief Financial Officer on a full-time basis since October 2024. Mr. Gayle joined Innovative Eyewear as Vice President of Finance in January 2022, and served in that role until his promotion in August 2024 to Senior Vice President of Finance. Prior to his employment at Innovative Eyewear, from September 2018 to January 2022, Mr. Gayle worked with Vaco Resources in Miami, Florida in the position of Executive Financial Consultant. Mr. Gayle has over 30 years’ experience finance and accounting, initially starting with PricewaterhouseCoopers and including numerous senior and executive level management positions in corporate finance, SEC reporting, investor relations, and business development in the manufacturing and retail industries. Mr. Gayle has a bachelor’s degree in accounting and finance with honors from the University of London and is a Chartered Global Management Accountant and a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.
David Eric Cohen is one of the founders of Innovative Eyewear and has served as our Chief Technology Officer since September 2019. Prior to his employment at Innovative Eyewear, from August 2017 to August 2019, Mr. Cohen served as the chief technology officer of Lucyd Ltd., a smart eyewear development company, where he led the company’s technological advancements and digital ad campaigns. Also, prior to his employment at Innovative Eyewear, from September 2009 to October 2019, Mr. Cohen served as President of Emaze Design Agency, a digital design agency, where he led the development of web and applications for e-commerce, web performance monitoring, website design and mobile applications. Prior to his employment at Emaze Design Agency, Mr. Cohen was lead Business Intelligence Specialist at Jewish General Hospital where he assisted with the data solutions and business processes and requirements. He received a BS in Computer Science from the Academy of Bordeaux and an MS in Advanced Technician & Information Systems Management from Hadassah University.
Kristen McLaughlin has served as one of our directors since August 2021. Ms. McLaughlin has 25 years’ experience launching, managing and developing products in the eyewear, accessories, cosmetics and skincare industries. Since October 2021, Kristen has served as Marketing Director at Tura, inc., an eyewear design and distribution company where she is responsible for strategic marketing initiatives and communications to drive sales and support key accounts. From March 2019 to April 2020, Ms. McLaughlin served as the Global Marketing Director at DePasquale Companies, a skincare, hair care and cosmetics manufacturer, where she led the global marketing strategy and new product development. Prior to her employment at DePasquale Companies, from March 2000 to January 2019, Ms. McLaughlin was employed at Silhouette International, an eyewear manufacturer, where she served as the Director of Marketing: Eyewear Manufacturer, Regional Sales Manager, and Brand Manager: Daniel Swarovski Crystal Eyewear. While at Silhouette International, Ms. McLaughlin led the company’s brand portfolio in the U.S. and its brand direction, product development and campaign content. She has a BS and MBA from Ramapo College of New Jersey. Ms. McLaughlin is well qualified to serve as a director due to her substantial experience in the eyewear industry and her experience in brand and product development.
Olivia C. Bartlett has served as one of our directors since August 2021. Ms. Bartlett has been in the eyewear industry for over 45 years holding various roles including optician, optical manager, marketing manager and operations management, where she currently acts as an industry consultant. From September 2015 - June 2020, Ms. Bartlett held the position of Chief Operating Officer of Todd Rogers Eyewear, a specialty eyewear company, where she managed the day-to-day operations of the company. Prior to her time at Todd Rogers Eyewear, from March 2010 to May 2015, Ms. Bartlett was the sales representative for eyewear sales in the northeast of Massachusetts for Safilo USA, a specialty eyewear company. Additionally, from September 2013 to May 2018, and again currently Ms. Bartlett is an Adjunct Professor at Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology in Boston, Massachusetts. From February 2020 to February 2022, Ms. Bartlett was the President of the Opticians Association of America, a national organization representing the professional, business, educational, legislative and regulatory interests of opticianry. Additionally, Ms. Bartlett has been a director for fifteen years for the Opticians Association of Massachusetts and currently holds the position of Treasurer. Ms. Bartlett has received a number of awards through her time in the industry, including but not limited to, the 2020 Eyecare Business Game Changer Award and the 2020 and 2018 Vision Monday Most Influential Woman Executive. Ms. Bartlett received her Massachusetts Opticians license in 1987 and is ABO certified and is an ABO certified speaker. Ms. Bartlett received her BA in Political Science from Clark University. Ms. Bartlett is well qualified to serve as a director due to her substantial experience in the optical industry.
Louis Castro has served as one of our directors since August 2021. Mr. Castro is an experienced public company director and chartered accountant. Mr. Castro is currently on the board of directors of the following public companies: (1) Tekcapital, where he has been a director since December 2019, (2) Orosur Mining Inc. (TSE:OMI), a company exploring for minerals in South America, where he has been executive chairman of the board since April 2020, (3) Tomco Energy plc (LON:TOM), an oil exploration and technology company, where he has been a director since April 2021, and (4) Veteran Capital Corp. (TSX-V:VCC), a capital pool company, where he has been a director since January 2021. From September 2012 to June 2016, Mr. Castro was a director and, from September 2014 to June 2016 served as the Chief Financial Officer, of Eland Oil & Gas plc, a Nigerian focused upstream oil and natural gas exploration and production company, where he was responsible for the company’s finance, legal and corporate finance activities. Prior to his employment at Eland, from May 2011 to May 2014, Mr. Castro served as Head of Capital Markets and then as Chief Executive Officer of Northland Capital Partners, an investment bank, where he was responsible for the investment banks day-to-day activities. He is a fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of England & Wales, has a double degree in Engineering Production and Economics from Birmingham University and attended the Postgraduate Advanced Course in Production Management and Methods at Cambridge University. Mr. Castro is well qualified to serve as a director due to his substantial experience as a director of public companies and his distinction as chartered accountant.
Number and Terms of Office of Officers and Directors
Our board of directors consists of four members. Our directors are appointed for one-year terms to hold office until the next annual general meeting of our stockholders or until removed from office in accordance with our second amended and restated bylaws.
Our officers are appointed by the board of directors and serve at the discretion of the board of directors, rather than for specific terms of office. Our board of directors is authorized to appoint persons to the offices set forth in our second amended and restated bylaws, as it deems appropriate.
Director Independence and Committees of the Board of Directors
Director Independence
Of our directors, we have determined that Mr. Louis Castro, Ms. Kristen McLaughlin, and Ms. Olivia Bartlett are “independent” directors under NASDAQ listing standards, while Mr. Harrison Gross is not independent under such standards. We have also determined that each of the three members of the Audit Committee is “independent” for purposes of Section 10A(m)(3) of the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder and under the NASDAQ listing standards. Further, the Board has determined that each of the two members of both the Compensation Committee and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is “independent” under NASDAQ listing standards.
Board Committees
We have three standing committees of the Board: Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. Each of the board committees act pursuant to a separate written charter adopted by our board of directors, each of which is available on our website at www.lucyd.co. Our board of directors may at any time or from time to time appoint certain other committees in its sole discretion as it deems necessary or appropriate to carry out its functions.
Audit Committee
The Audit Committee consists of Mr. Louis Castro (Chair), Ms. Kristen McLaughlin, and Ms. Olivia Bartlett. The Board has determined that all of the members of the Audit Committee are “independent,” as defined by NASDAQ listing standards and by applicable SEC rules. In addition, the Board has determined that Mr. Castro is an audit committee financial expert, as that term is defined by the SEC rules, by virtue of having the following attributes through relevant experience: (i) an understanding of generally accepted accounting principles and financial statements; (ii) the ability to assess the general application of such principles in connection with the accounting for estimates, accruals, and reserves; (iii) experience preparing, auditing, analyzing, or evaluating financial statements that present a breadth and level of complexity of accounting issues that are generally comparable to the breadth and complexity of issues that can reasonably be expected to be raised by the Company’s financial statements, or experience actively supervising one or more persons engaged in such activities; (iv) an understanding of internal controls and procedures for financial reporting; and (v) an understanding of audit committee functions.
The function of the Audit Committee relates to oversight of the auditors, the auditing, accounting, and financial reporting processes, and the review of the Company’s financial reports and information. In addition, the functions of the Audit Committee will include, among other things, recommending to the Board the engagement or discharge of independent auditors, discussing with the auditors their review of the Company’s quarterly results and the results of their audit, and reviewing the Company’s internal accounting controls.
Compensation Committee
The Compensation Committee consists of Ms. Kristen McLaughlin (Chair) and Mr. Louis Castro. The Board has determined that all of the members of the Compensation Committee are “independent,” as defined by NASDAQ listing standards. The responsibility of the Compensation Committee is to review and approve the compensation and other terms of employment of our President and Chief Executive Officer and our other executive officers, including all of the executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table under the heading “Executive Compensation” below (the “named executive officers”). Among its other duties, the Compensation Committee oversees all significant aspects of the Company’s compensation plans and benefit programs. The Compensation Committee annually reviews and approves corporate goals and objectives for the President and Chief Executive Officer’s compensation and evaluates the Chief Executive Officer’s performance in light of those goals and objectives. The Compensation Committee also recommends to the Board the compensation and benefits for members of the Board. The Compensation Committee has also been appointed by the Board to administer our 2021 Equity Incentive Plan. The Compensation Committee does not delegate any of its authority to other persons.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee consists of Ms. Olivia Bartlett (Chair) and Ms. Kristen McLaughlin. All of the committee members are independent under applicable NASDAQ rules and regulations. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is responsible for, among other things, considering potential board members, making recommendations to the full board as to nominees for election to the board, assessing the effectiveness of the board, and implementing our corporate governance guidelines.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires that our directors and executive officers and persons who beneficially own more than 10% of our common stock (referred to herein as the “reporting persons”) file with the SEC various reports as to their ownership of and activities relating to our common stock. Such reporting persons are required by the SEC regulations to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) reports they file.
Based solely upon a review of copies of Section 16(a) reports and representations received by us from reporting persons, and without conducting any independent investigation of our own, in fiscal year 2024, all Forms 3, 4 and 5 were timely filed with the SEC by such reporting persons.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a formal code of ethics that applies to our directors and principal executives and financial officers or persons performing similar functions. A copy of our Code of Ethical Conduct can be found on our website under “Investors” at www.lucyd.co.

---

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
The following table sets forth the aggregate compensation paid to our named executive officers for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Individuals we refer to as our “named executive officers” include our Chief Executive Officer, our Chief Financial Officer(s), and our Chief Technology Officer.
Summary Compensation Table
Name and Principal Position
Year
Salary
($)
Bonus
($)
Stock Awards(3)
($)
Option Awards(4)
($)
Nonequity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)
Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)
All Other Compensation(5)
($)
Total
($)
Harrison Gross,
167,385
-
351,936
-
-
-
8,089
527,410
Chief Executive Officer
154,102
-
-
129,800
-
-
5,832
289,734
Konrad Dabrowski,
97,794
-
307,944
-
-
-
6,502
412,240
Co-Chief Financial Officer(1)
105,347
-
-
121,357
-
-
-
226,704
Oswald Gayle,
143,923
-
197,964
-
-
-
8,089
349,976
Co-Chief Financial Officer(2)
140,731
-
-
101,657
-
-
5,832
248,220
David Eric Cohen,
142,000
-
263,952
-
-
-
8,536
414,488
Chief Technology Officer
144,198
-
-
78,090
-
-
6,154
228,442
(1) Mr. Dabrowski was our Chief Financial Officer for all of 2023 and through October 11, 2024, at which point he became Co-Chief Financial Officer.
(2) Mr. Gayle became Co-Chief Financial Officer effective October 11, 2024. Compensation amounts shown for Mr. Gayle include amounts paid to Mr. Gayle in his previous capacities as Vice President and Senior Vice President of Finance prior to his appointment as Co-Chief Financial Officer.
(3) Includes Restricted Stock Units awarded to Messrs. Gross, Dabrowski, Gayle, and Cohen on December 13, 2024 in the amounts of 57,600, 50,400, 32,400, and 43,200 units, respectively.
(4) Includes stock options granted to Messrs. Gross, Dabrowski, Gayle, and Cohen on January 13, 2023 to purchase 4,500, 4,500, 4,500, and 3,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, respectively, at an exercise price of $25.50 per share. Also includes stock options granted to Messrs. Gross, Dabrowski, Gayle, and Cohen on December 18, 2023 to purchase 7,500, 6,000, 2,500, and 3,500 shares of the Company’s common stock, respectively, at an exercise price of $9.00 per share.
(5) Includes the Company-paid portion of health and welfare benefits.
Refer to Note 2 and Note 9 of the Company’s audited financial statements as included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for disclosure of the various assumptions made in the valuation of stock options.
Employment Arrangements with our Executive Officers
Harrison Gross
On August 11, 2021, we entered into an employment agreement with Harrison Gross to serve in the capacity of the Chief Executive Officer of the Company. We agreed to pay Mr. Gross an annual base salary of $85,800 for the remainder of 2021, and we also agreed that from the initial public offering date in August 2022, we increased his base salary to $150,000 per year. Effective August 2, 2024, we agreed to increase his Mr. Gross’ base salary to $190,000 annually. Pursuant to the terms of the employment agreement, our Board may exercise its sole discretion to grant Mr. Gross an annual bonus, the amount of which bonus shall be determined in the sole discretion of our Board.
The employment agreement has an initial term of three years, and will terminate on the third anniversary of the effective date unless Mr. Gross and the Company agree otherwise in writing. If we terminate the employment agreement for any reason other than for cause (as such is defined in the agreement) or Mr. Gross terminates his employment for good reason (as such is defined in the agreement): (1) Mr. Gross shall be entitled to payment of his base salary for the balance of the agreement’s term; (2) if Mr. Gross elects to continue group health insurance benefits, we shall reimburse Mr. Gross for any COBRA premiums he pays for the duration of COBRA’s coverage; and, (3) we shall provide Mr. Gross with payment of all accrued amounts (as defined in the agreement).
Konrad Dabrowski
On August 11, 2021, we entered into an employment agreement with Konrad Dabrowski to serve as the Chief Financial Officer of the Company on a part-time basis, which agreement became effective on September 1, 2021. Mr. Dabrowski devotes 50% of his business time to our Company. We agreed to pay Mr. Dabrowski an annual base salary of $100,000. Pursuant to the terms of the employment agreement, we may exercise our discretion to grant Mr. Dabrowski an annual bonus, the amount of which bonus shall be determined in the sole discretion of the Company.
Following the effective date, the employment agreement shall continue, unless terminated by Mr. Dabrowski or the Company. Mr. Dabrowski’s employment is at-will, which may be terminated by the Company or by Mr. Dabrowski at any time and for any reason. Pursuant to the terms of the employment agreement, a sixty days’ written notice of termination or resignation is required. If Mr. Dabrowski notifies us of his resignation, or if we terminate Mr. Dabrowski’s employment agreement, the Company reserves the right to determine, in its sole discretion, whether Mr. Dabrowski will be required to actively work during the sixty-day notice period; however, Mr. Dabrowski will be entitled to receive his base salary for the duration of the sixty-day notice period. The Company has the right to terminate Mr. Dabrowski’s employment agreement for cause (as defined in the agreement), which termination shall be effective immediately.
David Eric Cohen
David Cohen was an independent consultant for the company from inception until October 1, 2022, when we offered him a full-time letter of employment. He accepted and has been the full-time Chief Technology since then. The company pays him $140,000 annually to serve in this role. Pursuant to the terms of the employment agreement, we may exercise our discretion to grant Mr. Cohen an annual bonus, the amount of which bonus shall be determined in the sole discretion of the Company.
Following the effective date, the employment agreement shall continue, unless terminated by Mr. Cohen or the Company. Mr. Cohen’s employment is at-will, which may be terminated by the Company or by Mr. Cohen at any time and for any reason. Pursuant to the terms of the employment agreement, a sixty days’ written notice of termination or resignation is required. If Mr. Cohen notifies us of his resignation, or if we terminate Mr. Cohen’s employment agreement, the Company reserves the right to determine, in its sole discretion, whether Mr. Cohen will be required to actively work during the sixty-day notice period; however, Mr. Cohen will be entitled to receive his base salary for the duration of the sixty-day notice period. The Company has the right to terminate Mr. Cohen’s employment agreement for cause (as defined in the agreement), which termination shall be effective immediately.
Compensation of Directors
The following table sets forth all compensation paid to our non-management Board members during the year ended December 31, 2024:
Name
Fees Earned
or Paid in
Cash
($)
Stock Awards
($)
Option Awards
($)
Non-Equity
Incentive Plan Compensation
($)
Change in
Pension Value
and Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)
All Other
Compensation
($)
Total
($)
Kristen McLaughlin
60,000
-
-
-
-
-
60,000
Louis Castro
40,500
-
-
-
-
-
40,500
Olivia C. Bartlett
10,000
-
-
-
-
-
10,000
The total number of option awards to our non-management Board members outstanding at December 31, 2024 was 3,750 in aggregate.
Outstanding Equity Awards
The following table sets forth outstanding equity awards to our named executive officers as of December 31, 2024.
Option awards
Stock awards
Name
Number of
securities
underlying
unexercised
options
(#)
exercisable
Number of
securities
underlying
unexercised
options
(#)
unexercisable
Equity
incentive
plan
awards:
Number of
securities
underlying
unexercised
unearned
options
(#)
Option
exercise
price
($)
Option
expiration
date
Number
of shares
or units
of stock
that
have not
vested
(#)
Market
value of
shares
of units
of stock
that
have not
vested
($)
Equity
incentive
plan
awards:
Number of
unearned
shares,
units or
other
rights that
have not
vested
(#)
Equity
incentive
plan awards:
Market or
payout value
of unearned
shares, units
or other
rights that
have not
vested
($)
Harrison Gross
30,000
-
-
$ 71.20
05/05/2025
-
-
-
-
3,000
1,500
-
$ 25.50
01/13/2028
-
-
-
-
5,000
2,500
-
$ 9.00
12/18/2028
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
57,600
$ 283,392
-
-
Konrad Dabrowski
3,000
1,500
-
$ 25.50
01/13/2028
-
-
-
-
4,000
2,000
-
$ 9.00
12/18/2028
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
50,400
$ 247,968
-
-
Oswald Gayle
3,000
1,500
-
$ 25.50
01/13/2028
-
-
-
-
1,666
-
$ 9.00
12/18/2028
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
32,400
$ 159,408
-
-
David Eric Cohen
2,000
1,000
-
$ 25.50
01/13/2028
-
-
-
-
2,334
1,166
-
$ 9.00
12/18/2028
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
43,200
$ 212,544
-
-
Option Exercises and Stock Vested
There were no options exercised by our executive officers during the years ended December 31, 2024 or 2023.
Employee Benefit Plans
We currently provide health insurance coverage to our full-time W-2 employees, as well as free prescription eyeglasses to them and their immediate families. The Company also provides a complimentary gym membership to full-time staff.
Non-qualified Deferred Compensation
None of our employees participate in or have account balances in non-qualified defined contribution plans or other non-qualified deferred compensation plans maintained by us. Our Compensation Committee may elect to provide our officers and other employees with non-qualified defined contribution or other non-qualified compensation benefits in the future if it determines that doing so is in the Company’s best interest.
2021 Equity Incentive Plan
General
Our 2021 Equity Incentive Plan was adopted by the Board and approved by our shareholders on July 1, 2021. The general purposes of the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan are to (i) enable the Company and its subsidiaries to attract and retain the types of employees, consultants, and directors who will contribute to the Company’s long-range success; (ii) provide incentives that align the interests of employees, consultants, and directors with those of our shareholders; and (iii) promote the success of the Company’s business.
Description of the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan
The following description of the principal terms of the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan is a summary and is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan.
Administration. The 2021 Equity Incentive Plan is administered by a committee appointed by our Board, or in the Board’s discretion, by the Board (as applicable, the “Incentive Plan Administrator”). Subject to the terms of the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, the Incentive Plan Administrator has the authority to (a) determine the eligible individuals who are to receive awards, (b) determine the terms and conditions of each award, including exercise price, vesting or performance criteria, performance period, and terms of the award, (c) determine whether vesting and performance criteria have been achieved, (d) accelerate the vesting or exercisability of, payment for or lapse of restrictions on, or otherwise modify or amend awards, (e) construe and interpret the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, including the ability to reconcile any inconsistency in, correct any defect in and/or supply any omission in the plan and award agreement; any instrument or agreement, (f) promulgate, amend, and rescind rules and regulations relating to the administration of the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, and (g) exercise discretion to make any and all other determinations which it determines to be necessary or advisable for the administration of the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan and awards granted thereunder. The Incentive Plan Administrator may also delegate its authority to a subcommittee or to one or more officers of the Company, subject to terms and conditions determined by the Incentive Plan Administrator. All decisions made by the Incentive Plan Administrator are final and binding on the Company and the participants.
Types of Awards. The 2021 Equity Incentive Plan provides for the grant of stock options, which may be incentive stock options (“ISOs”) or nonqualified stock options (“NSOs”), stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance share awards, and other cash-based or equity-based awards, or collectively, awards.
Share Reserve. A total equal to 20% of our issued and outstanding common stock shall be available for the grant of awards under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan.
If options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units or any other awards are forfeited, cancelled or expire before being exercised or settled in full, the shares subject to such awards will again be available for issuance under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan. If restricted stock or shares issued upon exercise of an option are reacquired by the Company pursuant to a forfeiture provision, repurchase right or for any other reason, then such shares will again be available for issuance under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, shares applied to pay the exercise price of an option or satisfy withholding taxes related to any award will not become available for issuance under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan.
Shares issued under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan may be authorized but unissued shares or treasury shares.
As of December 31, 2024, awards covering 352,561 shares of Common Stock were outstanding, of which 30,000 option awards had been granted by the Company prior to the approval of the Plan, 53,800 option awards had been granted subject to the Plan, 19,500 stock grants had been granted subject to the Plan (and were fully vested), and 249,261 RSU awards had been granted subject to the Plan (of which, 14,461 had vested).
As of December 31, 2024, there were 167,665 shares of Common Stock available for future award grants under the Plan.
Incentive Stock Option Limit. No more than 25,000,000 shares of Common Stock may be issued under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan upon the exercise of ISOs.
Eligibility. Employees (including officers), non-employee directors, and consultants who render services to the Company or a parent or subsidiary thereof (whether now existing or subsequently established) are eligible to receive awards under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan. ISOs may only be granted to employees of the Company or a parent or subsidiary thereof (whether now existing or subsequently established).
Stock Options. A stock option is the right to purchase a certain number of shares of stock at a fixed exercise price which, pursuant to the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of Common Stock on the date of grant. Subject to limited exceptions, an option may have a term of up to 10 years and will generally expire sooner if the optionholder’s service terminates. Options will vest at the rate determined by the Incentive Plan Administrator. An optionholder may pay the exercise price of an option in cash, or, with the Incentive Plan Administrator’s consent, with shares of stock the optionholder already owns, with proceeds from an immediate sale of the option shares, through a net exercise procedure or by any other method permitted by applicable law.
Tax Limitations on Incentive Stock Options. The aggregate fair market value, determined at the time of grant, of the Common Stock with respect to ISOs that are exercisable for the first time by an optionholder during any calendar year under all of the Company’s stock plans may not exceed $100,000. Options or portions thereof that exceed such limit will generally be treated as NSOs. No ISO may be granted to any person who, at the time of the grant, owns or is deemed to own stock possessing more than 10% of the Company’s total combined voting power or that of any of the Company’s affiliates unless (a) the option exercise price is at least 110% of the fair market value of Common Stock on the date of grant and (b) the term of the ISO does not exceed five years from the date of grant.
Stock Appreciation Rights. A stock appreciation right provides the recipient with the right to the appreciation in a specified number of shares of stock. The Incentive Plan Administrator determines the exercise price of stock appreciation rights granted under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, which may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of Common Stock on the date of grant. A stock appreciation right may have a term of up to 10 years and will generally expire sooner if the recipient’s service terminates. SARs will vest at the rate determined by the Incentive Plan Administrator. Upon exercise of a SAR, the recipient will receive an amount in cash, stock, or a combination of stock and cash determined by the Incentive Plan Administrator, equal to the excess of the fair market value of the shares being exercised over their exercise price.
Restricted Stock Awards. Shares of restricted stock may be issued under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan and may be subject to vesting, as determined by the Incentive Plan Administrator. Recipients of restricted stock generally have all of the rights of a shareholder with respect to those shares, including voting rights and dividends, except as provided in the award agreement.
Restricted Stock Units. A restricted stock unit is a right to receive a share, at no cost to the recipient, upon satisfaction of certain conditions, including vesting conditions, established by the Incentive Plan Administrator. RSUs vest at the rate determined by the Incentive Plan Administrator and any unvested RSUs will generally be forfeited upon termination of the recipient’s service. Settlement of restricted stock units may be made in the form of cash, stock or a combination of cash and stock, as provided in the award agreement and as determined by the Incentive Plan Administrator. Recipients of restricted stock units generally will have no voting or dividend rights prior to the time the vesting conditions are satisfied, and the award is settled.
Performance Share Award. A performance share award is a right to receive a share or share units based upon the Company’s performance during a specified performance period, as determined by the Incentive Plan Administrator. The Incentive Plan Administrator has the discretion to determine: (i) the number of shares or stock-denominated units subject to a Performance Share Award granted to any recipient; (ii) the performance period applicable to any award; (iii) the conditions that must be satisfied for a recipient to earn an award; and (iv) the other terms, conditions and restrictions of the award.
Cash Awards and Other Equity-Based Awards. The Incentive Plan Administrator may grant cash awards and other awards based in whole or in part by reference to Common Stock, either alone or in tandem with other awards. The Incentive Plan Administrator will determine the terms and conditions of any such awards.
Changes to Capital Structure. In the event of certain changes in capitalization, including a stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, or an extraordinary corporate transaction such as any recapitalization, reorganization, merger, consolidation, combination, or exchange, proportionate adjustments will be made in the number and kind of shares available for issuance under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, the limit on the number of shares that may be issued under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan as ISOs, the number and kind of shares subject to each outstanding award and/or the exercise price of each outstanding award.
Change in Control. If the Company is party to certain change in control transactions, each outstanding award will be treated as the Incentive Plan Administrator determines, which may include the continuation, assumption or substitution of an outstanding award, the cancellation of an outstanding award after an opportunity to exercise or the cancellation of an outstanding award in exchange for a payment equal to the value of the shares subject to such award less any applicable exercise price.
Transferability of Awards. Unless the Incentive Plan Administrator determines otherwise, an award generally will not be transferable other than by beneficiary designation, a will or the laws of descent and distribution. The Incentive Plan Administrator may permit transfer of an award in a manner consistent with applicable law.
Amendment and Termination. The Board may amend or terminate the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan at any time. Any such amendment or termination will not affect outstanding awards. If not sooner terminated, the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan will automatically terminate 10 years after its adoption by the Board. Shareholder approval is not required for any amendment of the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, unless required by applicable law, government regulation or exchange listing standards.
Timing of Awards. Awards are made pursuant to a predetermined schedule approved by the Board of Directors and the Compensation Committee. The timing of these grants is not influenced by the possession or consideration of material nonpublic information (MNPI). The timing and value of these grants are established in advance, ensuring transparency and alignment with best governance practices.

---

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
Based solely upon information made available to us, the following table sets forth information as of March 14, 2024, regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock:
● each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding shares of common stock;
● each of our named executive officers and directors; and
● all our executive officers and directors as a group.
The address of each holder listed in the following table, except as otherwise indicated, is 11900 Biscayne Blvd., Suite 630, North Miami, Florida, 33181.
Percentage ownership shown in the following table is based on 2,452,632 shares of our common stock outstanding.
Name of Beneficial Owner
Shares of
Common Stock
Beneficially
Owned(1)
Percent of
Common Stock
Beneficially
Owned
Named Executive Officers and Directors
Harrison Gross(2)
49,100
1.96 %
Konrad Dabrowski(3)
16,900
* %
Oswald Gayle(4)
11,566
* %
David Eric Cohen(5)
12,534
* %
Kristen McLaughlin(6)
* %
Louis Castro(7)
1,166
* %
Olivia Bartlett(8)
* %
All directors and executive officers as a group (7 persons)
92,598
3.64 %
5% Stockholders
Lucyd Ltd.(9)
259,455
10.58 %
Vladimir Galkin(10)
1,000,000
40.77 %
* Less than 1%.
(1) We have determined beneficial ownership in accordance with Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which is generally determined by voting power and/or dispositive power with respect to securities. Unless otherwise noted, the shares of common stock listed above are owned as of the date of this 10-K, and are owned of record by each individual named as beneficial owner and such individual has sole voting and dispositive power with respect to the shares of common stock owned by each of them.
(2) Includes 39,500 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options held by Mr. Gross exercisable within 60 days of the date of this 10-K, plus 9,600 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units held by Mr. Gross, which shall vest within 60 days of the date of this 10-K.
(3) Includes 8,500 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options held by Mr. Dabrowski exercisable within 60 days of the date of this 10-K, plus 8,400 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units held by Mr. Dabrowski, which shall vest within 60 days of the date of this 10-K.
(4) Includes 6,166 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options held by Mr. Gayle exercisable within 60 days of the date of this 10-K, plus 5,400 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units held by Mr. Gayle, which shall vest within 60 days of the date of this 10-K.
(5) Includes 5,334 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options held by Mr. Cohen exercisable within 60 days of the date of this 10-K, plus 7,200 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units held by Mr. Cohen, which shall vest within 60 days of the date of this 10-K.
(6) Includes 666 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options held by Ms. McLaughlin exercisable within 60 days of the date of this 10-K.
(7) Includes 1,166 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options held by Mr. Castro exercisable within 60 days of the date of this 10-K.
(8) Includes 666 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options held by Ms. Bartlett exercisable within 60 days of the date of this 10-K.
(9) Includes 259,455 shares of common stock. Tekcapital plc, a public company listed on the London Stock Exchange, owns all issued and outstanding securities of Tekcapital Europe Ltd., which owns all issued and outstanding securities of Lucyd Ltd. As such, Tekcapital plc may be deemed to beneficially own the shares held by Lucyd Ltd. by virtue of their control over Lucyd Ltd. Tekcapital plc disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares held by Lucyd Ltd. Mr. Clifford Gross, the Chief Executive Officer of Tekcapital plc, is the father of Mr. Harrison Gross, our Chief Executive Officer.
(10) Includes 1,000,000 shares of common stock, held jointly by Vladimir Galkin and Angelica Galkin, husband and wife. Vladimir Galkin and Angelica Galkin have shared voting power and dispositive power over 1,000,000 shares of common stock. The address of this holder is 10900 NW 97th Street, #102, Miami, Florida, 33178.

---

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
On occasion we may engage in certain related party transactions. All prior related party transactions were approved by our Board of Directors and a majority of our issued and outstanding shares of capital stock. Our policy is that all related party transactions will be reviewed and approved by the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors prior to our entering into any related party transactions.
License Agreement
On April 1, 2020, we entered into an exclusive, worldwide license agreement with Lucyd Ltd., who was at the time the largest stockholder of the Company and continues to be one of our larger stockholders, for the use of the Lucyd brand, and the associated intellectual property and assets (the “License Agreement”). The License Agreement is royalty-free, fully paid up, and perpetual license for the exclusive use of certain assets of Lucyd Ltd. related to Innovative Eyewear current products and trademarks. As compensation for entrance into the License Agreement, we issued Lucyd Ltd. 3,750,000 shares of our common stock (187,500 shares on a post-reverse-split basis). On October 5, 2021, the parties to the License Agreement executed an Addendum, to the exclusive license agreement, which clarified that Innovative Eyewear shall commercialize, continue with any on-going intellectual property prosecutions and pay all maintenance or other patent fees (the “Addendum”). For all new intellectual property, Innovative Eyewear will own control it and be responsible for all prosecution and maintenance costs. The Addendum also confirms that Innovative Eyewear issued Lucyd Ltd. 3,750,000 shares of our common stock (187,500 shares on a post-reverse-split basis) as consideration for the license. Please see “Business - Material Agreements” for a more complete description of the License Agreement and Addendum.
Management Service Agreement
On June 1, 2020, we entered into a management service agreement with Tekcapital Europe Ltd., an affiliate one of our larger stockholders, Lucyd Ltd., and whose Chief Executive Officer is the father of our Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to which we agreed to pay Tekcapital Europe Ltd. $25,000 per fiscal quarter for rent-free office space, utilities, advisory services, and any other services in accordance with Tekcapital Europe Ltd.’s areas of expertise. The management agreement provided for a perpetual term, with the right of either party to terminate for any reason with 30 days’ notice.
Effective February 1, 2022, the original management service agreement was amended to have us billed at $35,000 quarterly for advisory and other services, and in addition, Tekcapital Europe Ltd. began to bill us for an allocation of rent paid by Tekcapital Europe Ltd. on our behalf.
We incurred $140,000 during each of the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 under our management services agreement with Tekcapital Europe Ltd.; we also recognized $92,312 and $91,672 of rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Old Convertible Note Financing
On December 1, 2020, we issued a convertible note for an aggregate principal amount of up to $2,000,000 to Lucyd Ltd., who was at the time the largest stockholder of the Company and continues to be one of our larger stockholders (the “Note”).
Thus, from December 1, 2020 through December 1, 2023, we had the availability of, but not the contractual right to, intercompany financing through the Note in the form of either cash advances or borrowings under a convertible note. The convertible notes bore interest at 10% per annum, and included the option to convert the debt into the Company’s common stock at market price upon the occurrence of certain defined events. The maximum amount of available financing under this arrangement was initially $2,000,000, but was later increased as of November 1, 2021 via an amendment to $3,000,000.
As of December 31, 2022, the aggregate outstanding balance under these convertible notes was $61,356. In January 2023, we borrowed an additional $48,143 under such convertible notes, and subsequently repaid the outstanding balances of the convertible notes in full in February 2023. No further amounts were borrowed under the convertible notes, and the convertible notes matured on December 1, 2023 with no amounts outstanding.
New Financing Agreement
On March 1, 2024, we entered into an agreement with Lucyd Ltd. pursuant to which the Company can receive up to $1,250,000 either (a) in services provided by Lucyd Ltd. to the Company or (b) in cash upon request of funds by the Company. Once funds or services are received by the Company, we will issue a convertible note to Lucyd Ltd. that will bear interest at 10% per annum and include the option to convert the note into shares of our common stock upon certain defined events. Upon issuance, the convertible note will have a maturity date of September 1, 2025, at which time all outstanding principal and accrued interest, if any, will be payable in full in cash or in the Company’s common stock. The Company will be able to prepay the convertible notes at any time with the written consent of Lucyd Ltd.
On March 1, 2025, the Company and Lucyd Ltd. entered into an amendment of the March 1, 2024 convertible note financing agreement, such that upon issuance, the convertible note will have a maturity date of September 1, 2026. There were no other changes to the terms and provisions of the agreement.
We have not borrowed any amounts under this agreement.
Loan to Tekcapital Europe
On January 11, 2024, we entered into an intercompany loan agreement (as lender) with Tekcapital Europe Ltd. (as borrower) and Tekcapital Plc, the parent of Tekcapital Europe Ltd. Pursuant to this agreement, we loaned 600,000 British pounds sterling (equivalent to approximately $768,000) to Tekcapital Europe Ltd. The loan bore simple interest at a rate of 10% per annum and was required to be repaid on or before April 11, 2024. Tekcapital Plc executed the agreement as guarantor for Tekcapital Europe Ltd. on the full amount of the loan.
Tekcapital Europe Ltd. subsequently repaid all of the outstanding balance of the loan (including principal and accrued interest), and as of December 31, 2024, no amounts remain outstanding or payable to us under this agreement.
Employment Agreements
See “Item 11. Executive Compensation” regarding employment agreements with our executives.
Statement of Policy
All future transactions between us and our officers, directors, or five percent or greater stockholders, and respective affiliates will be on terms no less favorable than could be obtained from unaffiliated third parties and will be approved by a majority of our independent directors who do not have an interest in the transactions and who had access, at our expense, to our legal counsel or independent legal counsel.
To the best of our knowledge, during the past three fiscal years, other than as set forth above, there were no material transactions, or series of similar transactions, or any currently proposed transactions, or series of similar transactions, to which we were or are to be a party, in which the amount involved exceeds the lesser of $120,000 or one percent of the average of our total assets at year-end for the last two completed financial years, and in which any director or executive officer, or any security holder who is known by us to own of record or beneficially more than 5% of any class of our common stock, or any member of the immediate family of any of the foregoing persons, has an interest (other than compensation to our officers and directors in the ordinary course of business).

---

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services .
Audit Fees
The aggregate fees billed for professional services rendered by our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Cherry Bekaert LLP, for the audit of our annual financial statements, review of our consolidated financial statements included in our quarterly reports, and other fees that are normally provided by the accounting firm in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were approximately $140,175 and $117,600, respectively.
Audit-Related Fees
There were approximately $66,833 of fees billed by our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for audit-related services for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, which included consent and comfort letter procedures related to our Form S-1 filings for various equity offerings. There were no fees billed by our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for audit-related services for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
Tax Fees
There were no fees billed for professional services rendered by our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for tax compliance, tax advice, and tax planning for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
All Other Fees
There were no fees billed for non-audit services by our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Audit Committee Determination
The Audit Committee considered and determined that the services performed are compatible with maintaining the independence of the independent registered public accounting firm.
Policy on Audit Committee Pre-Approval of Audit and Permissible Non-Audit Services of Independent Auditor
The Audit Committee is responsible for pre-approving all audit and permitted non-audit services to be performed for us by our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm as outlined in its Audit Committee charter. Prior to engagement of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for each year’s audit, management or the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm submits to the Audit Committee for approval an aggregate request of services expected to be rendered during the year, which the Audit Committee pre-approves. During the year, circumstances may arise when it may become necessary to engage the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for additional services not contemplated in the original pre-approval. In those circumstances, the Audit Committee requires specific pre-approval before engaging the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. The engagements of our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm were approved by the Company’s Audit Committee.
PART IV

---

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.
(a)(1)(2) Financial Statement Schedules
See accompanying “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements.”
(b) Exhibits
Exhibit No.
Description
1.1*
Underwriting Agreement by and among Innovative Eyewear, Inc. and Maxim Group LLC, as representative of the several underwriters, dated August 14, 2022, (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission August 18, 2022)
3.1*
Second Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Innovative Eyewear, Inc., (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Amended Registration Statement filed on Form S-1/A 1 (File No. 333-261616) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2022)
3.2*
Amended and Restated Bylaws of innovative Eyewear, Inc., (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Amended Registration Statement filed on Form S-1/A 1 (File No. 333-261616) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2022)
3.3*
Certificate of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation, as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Florida on July 8, 2024 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 10, 2024)
4.1*
Form of Representative’s Warrant Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Amended Registration Statement filed on Form S-1/A 2 (File No. 333-261616) filed with the Securities Exchange Commission January 20, 2022)
4.2*
Representative’s Warrant issued to Maxim Group LLC., dated August 17, 2022, (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission August 18, 2022)
4.3*
Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant, (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Amended Registration Statement filed on Form S-1/A 2 (File No. 333-261616) filed with the Securities Exchange Commission January 20, 2022)
4.4*
Form of Warrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-272737) filed with the SEC on June 16, 2023)
4.5*
Form of Placement Agent Warrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-272737) filed with the SEC on June 16, 2023)
4.6*
Form of Warrant Agency Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-272737) filed with the SEC on June 16, 2023)
4.7*
Form of Purchase Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission May 1, 2024)
4.8*
Form of PA Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission May 1, 2024)
4.9*
Form of Purchase Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission May 29, 2024)
4.10*
Form of PA Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission May 29, 2024)
4.11*
Form of Series A Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 5, 2024)
4.12*
Form of Series B Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 5, 2024)
4.13*
Form of PA Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 5, 2024)
4.14*
Form of Series C Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 19, 2024)
4.15*
Form of Series D Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 19, 2024)
4.16*
Form of PA Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 19, 2024)
4.17*
Rights Agreement, dated as of September 25, 2024, by and between Innovative Eyewear, Inc. and VStock Transfer LLC, as rights agent. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 26, 2024)
4.18*
Form of Rights Certificate (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 26, 2024)
4.19*
Form of Series E Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 26, 2024)
4.20*
Form of Series F Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 26, 2024)
4.21*
Form of PA Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 26, 2024)
10.1*
License Agreement between Innovative Eyewear, Inc. and Lucyd Ltd., dated April 1, 2020, (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registration Statement filed on Form S-1 (File No. 333-261616) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2022)
10.2*
Addendum to License Agreement between Innovative Eyewear, Inc. and Lucyd Ltd., dated December 7, 2021, (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registration Statement filed on Form S-1 (File No. 333-261616) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2022)
10.3
Management Agreement between Innovative Eyewear, Inc. and Tekcapital Europe Ltd., dated June 1, 2020, (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registration Statement filed on Form S-1 (File No. 333-261616) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2022)
10.7*
Employment Agreement by and between Innovative Eyewear, Inc. and Harrison Gross, dated August 11, 2021, (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registration Statement filed on Form S-1 (File No. 333-261616) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2022)
10.8*
Employment Agreement by and between Innovative Eyewear, Inc. and Konrad Dabrowski, dated August 11, 2021, (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registration Statement filed on Form S-1 (File No. 333-261616) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2022)
10.9*
Innovative Eyewear, Inc., 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Registration Statement filed on Form S-1 (File No. 333-261616) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2022)
10.10*
Sales Representation Agreement by and between Innovative Eyewear, Inc. and D. Landstrom Associates, Inc., dated March 4, 2021, (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Registration Statement filed on Form S-1 (File No. 333-261616) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2022)
10.11*
At the Market Offering Agreement, dated April 15, 2024, by and between Innovative Eyewear, Inc. and H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission April 16, 2024)
10.12*
Note Agreement with Lucyd Ltd. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission May 14, 2024)
10.13*
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission May 1, 2024)
10.14*
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission May 29, 2024)
10.15*
Form of Inducement Letter Agreement, dated September 3, 2024, by and between Innovative Eyewear, Inc. and the Holders (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 5, 2024)
10.16*
Form of Inducement Letter Agreement, dated September 18, 2024, by and between Innovative Eyewear, Inc. and the Holders (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 19, 2024)
10.17*
Form of Inducement Letter Agreement, dated September 22, 2024, by and between Innovative Eyewear, Inc. and the Holders (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September 26, 2024)
14.1*
Form of Code of Ethics of innovative Eyewear, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 14.1 to the Registration Statement filed on Form S-1 (File No. 333-261616) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2022)
19.1*
Insider trading policy (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 19.1 to the Annual Report filed on Form 10-K (File No. 001-41392) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 25, 2024)
23.1
Consent of Cherry Bekaert LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
24.1
Power of Attorney
31.1
Certification of Principle Executive Officer Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13A-14(A)and 15D-14(A)
31.2
Certification of Principle Financial Officer Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13A-14(A)and 15D-14(A)
32.1
Certification of Principle Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
32.2
Certification of Principle Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
Innovative Eyewear, Inc., Executive Compensation Clawback Policy
101.ins
XBRL Instance Document
101.sch
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.cal
XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document
101.def
XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document
101.lab
XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
101.pre
XRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document
* Previously filed