EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1043186
Filing Year: 2025
Filename: 1043186_10-K_2025_0001437749-25-005086.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
OVERVIEW
Our Company
Stabilis Solutions, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”, “Stabilis”, “our”, “us” or “we”) is an energy transition company that provides turnkey clean energy production, storage, transportation and fueling solutions using liquefied natural gas (“LNG”) to multiple end markets. We have safely delivered over 530 million gallons of LNG through more than 55,000 truck deliveries during our 21 year operating history, which we believe makes us one of the largest and most experienced small-scale LNG providers in North America. We define “small-scale” LNG production to include liquefiers that produce less than 1.7 million LNG gallons per day (or approximately 1.0 million tonnes per annum ("MTPA")) and “small-scale” LNG distribution to include distribution by trailer or tank container of up to 10,000 LNG gallons or by marine vessels that carry less than 8.0 million LNG gallons (approximately 30,000 cubic meters). The Company provides LNG solutions to customers in diverse end markets, including aerospace, agriculture, energy, industrial, marine bunkering, mining, pipeline, remote power and utility markets.
The Company also builds power and control systems for the energy industry in China through its 40% owned Chinese joint venture, BOMAY Electric Industries, Inc (“BOMAY”). BOMAY is accounted for as an equity investment.
Our Industry
LNG can be used to replace a variety of alternative fuels, including distillate fuel oil and propane, among others, to provide environmental and economic benefits. LNG can also be used to deliver natural gas to locations where pipeline service is unavailable, has been interrupted, or needs to be supplemented. Increasingly, LNG is being utilized as a transportation fuel in the marine industry and as a propellant in the private rocket launch sector. We believe that these fuel markets are large and provide significant opportunities for LNG usage.
We believe that LNG provides an important balance between environmental sustainability, security and accessibility, and economic viability when compared to both renewables and other traditional hydrocarbon-based fuels and will play a key role in the energy transition.
OUR BUSINESS
The Company generates revenue by selling and delivering LNG to our customers, renting cryogenic equipment and providing engineering and field support services. We sell our products and services separately or as a bundle depending on the customer’s needs. Pricing depends on market pricing for natural gas and competing fuel sources (such as diesel, fuel oil, and propane among others), as well as the customer’s purchased volume, contract duration and credit profile.
LNG Production and Sales-Stabilis builds and operates cryogenic natural gas processing facilities, called “liquefiers,” which convert natural gas into LNG through a purification and multiple stage cooling process. We currently own and operate a liquefier that can produce up to 100,000 LNG gallons per day in George West, Texas and a liquefier that can produce up to 30,000 LNG gallons per day in Port Allen, Louisiana. We also purchase LNG from third-party production sources, which allows us to support customers in markets where we do not own liquefiers. We make the determination of LNG supply sources based on the cost of LNG, the transportation cost to deliver to regional customer locations, and the reliability of the supply source. Revenues earned from the production and sales of LNG are included within LNG Product revenue.
Transportation and Logistics Services-Stabilis offers our customers a “virtual natural gas pipeline” by providing turnkey LNG transportation and logistics services in North America. We deliver LNG to our customers’ work sites from both our own production facilities and our network of approximately 25 third-party production sources located throughout North America. We own a fleet of cryogenic trailers to transport and deliver LNG. We also outsource similar equipment and transportation services for LNG from qualified third-party providers as required to support our customer base. Revenues earned from the transportation and logistical services of LNG to our customers are included within LNG Product revenue.
Cryogenic Equipment Rental-Stabilis operates a fleet in excess of 160 mobile LNG storage and vaporization assets, including: transportation trailers, electric and gas-fired vaporizers, ambient vaporizers, storage tanks, and mobile vehicle fuelers. We also own several stationary storage and regasification assets. We believe this is one of the largest fleets of small-scale LNG equipment in North America. Our fleet consists primarily of trailer-mounted mobile assets, making delivery to and between customer locations more efficient. We deploy these assets on job sites to provide our customers with the equipment required to transport, store, and consume LNG in their operations. Revenues earned from cryogenic equipment rental are included within Rental revenue.
Engineering and Field Support Services-Stabilis has experience in the safe, cost effective, and reliable use of LNG in multiple customer applications. We have also developed many processes and procedures that we believe improve our customers’ use of LNG in their operations. Our engineers help our customers design and integrate LNG into their operations and our field service technicians help our customers mobilize, commission and reliably operate on the job site. Revenues earned from engineering and field support services are included within Service revenue.
Stabilis believes that our extensive operating experience positions us to be a leader in the North American small-scale LNG markets. We plan to leverage this experience to grow our business by investing in new production and distribution assets throughout North America.
Market for Small-Scale LNG in North America
LNG can serve as a partner fuel for renewable energy sources and provides an important balance between environmental sustainability, security and access, and economic viability as a source of fuel. LNG can also be used to deliver natural gas to locations where pipeline service is unavailable, has been interrupted, or needs to be supplemented and to replace a variety of other carbon-based fuels. We believe that the current and future markets for LNG are significant and will continue to grow for a number of years.
We believe that the following factors could drive significant small-scale LNG market growth in North America over the next decade:
New and Expanding Markets for LNG such as Marine Bunkering and Rocket Propulsion. Demand for LNG as a marine fuel continues to grow. While LNG bunkering infrastructure is more developed in other regions such as Europe, there is limited LNG bunkering infrastructure currently available in North America. The marine industry is expected to drive additional demand for domestically produced LNG in the coming years. The International Maritime Organization (“IMO”) has imposed a global sulfur cap of 0.5% on ships trading outside of established emission control areas starting in January 2020, a level that could be difficult to achieve using common marine fuels, such as heavy fuel oil, but could be achieved using LNG. Increasingly, more stringent global carbon emission targets are also fueling the adoption of LNG as a marine fuel. Large marine vessels, such as cruise ships and container ships, can take between several hundred thousand gallons up to several million gallons of LNG in a single fuel bunkering event. At December 31, 2024, there were 657 LNG fueled marine vessels in the global fleet with 627 more new build vessels on order for delivery by 2033, practically doubling the number of LNG fueled vessels by 2033. New build container ships represent the largest sector with 314 vessels on order by 2033. During the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company entered into a two-year marine bunkering contract for an estimated 22 million gallons per year. The Company expects that additional marine bunkering opportunities will become available as additional marine vessels that use LNG as the primary fuel of choice are delivered to vessel fleets and commence routine operations. Additionally, LNG is increasingly becoming the fuel of choice for reusable rocket propulsion systems due to its higher energy density, reduced risk of explosion and ease and cost to produce. The commercial satellite industry is expected to drive a significant increase in launches and demand for LNG to support this growth.
Lower Emissions than Alternative Fossil Fuels. Natural gas contains less carbon than most other fossil fuels and, as a result, produces fewer carbon dioxide emissions when burned. The National Energy Technology Laboratory indicates that new natural gas power plants emit between 50% and 60% less carbon dioxide compared with emissions from a typical coal plant. The Argonne National Laboratory indicates that natural gas vehicles produce between 13% and 21% fewer greenhouse gas emissions than comparable gasoline and diesel fueled vehicles. Additional studies indicate that natural gas also produces lower particulate matter and sulfur emissions than other fossil fuels. We believe the relative environmental benefits of natural gas as a fuel are becoming increasingly important as our customers expand their corporate sustainability mandates to lower greenhouse gas emissions and increase decarbonization initiatives.
Less Expensive than Other Traditional Fuels. The cost of natural gas compared to other energy sources is a significant driver for the future demand for natural gas and LNG. Technological advances in natural gas production have unlocked significant new gas reserves in North America. We believe that these proven, abundant and growing reserves of natural gas have the potential to produce among the highest volumes of natural gas in the world. This abundant supply of natural gas has supported relatively low natural gas prices in North America. The cost of natural gas in the United States and Canada currently is less than the cost of crude oil on an energy equivalent basis. In addition, because the price of the natural gas commodity makes up a smaller portion of the total cost of LNG relative to the commodity portion of competing fuels, the price of LNG is less sensitive to variations in the underlying commodity cost. These factors have made LNG more economical than competing fuel sources, and we believe that LNG will maintain this cost advantage into the foreseeable future.
The following chart illustrates the lower cost and decreased price sensitivity of LNG compared to propane and diesel, by comparing the historical wholesale price of Propane, Ultra-Low No. 2 Diesel, Indicative Liquefied Natural Gas and Natural Gas (Henry Hub).
ULSD, Propane & LNG pricing- December 31, 2014 to December 31, 2024
Better Safety than Alternative Fuels. The physical characteristics of LNG make it a safer and more environmentally friendly fuel when compared to diesel and propane because it boils and dissipates rapidly into the air when spilled instead of pooling on or near the ground. If released, LNG is also less combustible than diesel and propane because it ignites at relatively high temperatures and within a narrow flammability range when mixed with air. In addition, LNG fuel tanks and systems used in natural gas applications are subjected to a number of required federal and state safety tests, such as fire, environmental hazard, burst pressure and crash testing that enhance their safety.
Established LNG Production and Distribution Technology. Small-scale LNG production and distribution technologies have been proven and are now widely available from multiple vendors. Small-scale liquefiers are available in modular formats from several vendors and many of them have established track records of reliable and safe operating performance. LNG transport trailers, storage vessels, and vaporization equipment are also available from multiple vendors, and most of this equipment also comes with an established operating track record. We believe that the availability of proven small-scale LNG production and distribution technologies reduces the technology risk in growing the industry, but it also places a premium on the owner’s or operator’s construction and operating capabilities.
Our Customers
Stabilis serves customers in a variety of end markets, including aerospace, agriculture, energy, industrial, marine bunkering, mining, pipeline, remote power and utility markets within North America. We believe these customer markets are well suited to use LNG because they consume relatively high volumes of fuel, operate in mobile, temporary or off-pipeline locations, have limited access to alternative fuel sources, and/or are facing increasingly stringent emissions or other environmental requirements. We currently serve approximately 35 customers. For the year ended December 31, 2024, Carnival Corporation and Aggreko Plc each accounted for more than 10% of our revenues. During such period, no other purchaser accounted for 10% or more of our revenue.
Aerospace. The Aerospace industry utilizes LNG as a propellant for rocket propulsion systems and LNG provides an economical, clean burning, and easily stored fuel for rocket engines. Aerospace firms may also utilize LNG for power generation at remote facilities.
Agriculture. The Agriculture industry utilizes LNG to power high horsepower engines, greenhouses and also for agricultural dryers for generating heat as LNG has a clean and consistent burn that makes heating operations more predictable.
Energy. Energy producers use high horsepower engines and turbines to power their drilling and pressure pumping operations. LNG displaces some of the total diesel fuel consumption in these applications using dual-fuel engine technology. We believe that energy producers can use LNG to reduce fuel costs and to meet environmental emissions requirements.
Industrial. Industrial applications for LNG include sand and aggregate producers, asphalt plants, food processers, paper mills, and general manufacturing facilities. LNG often replaces propane, fuel oil, or diesel fuel in these applications. These customers often cannot justify the cost of new pipeline infrastructure and using LNG requires minimal up-front costs, regulatory approvals, and lead times. We believe LNG is optimal for these applications because it is cost-effective with stable pricing, offers consistent supply without curtailments, provides an energy density that minimizes storage requirements, and has a clean and consistent burn that makes heating operations more predictable.
Marine Bunkering of LNG. We believe that providing LNG as a fuel source to the marine transportation industry represents a significant opportunity for us. As vessels such as container ships, tankers and cruise ships expand the use of LNG as a fuel source, we believe that we are positioned to capitalize on future growth. LNG also allows vessel operators to meet strict emission requirements that are difficult to achieve using common marine fuels, such as heavy fuel oil, but could be achieved using LNG. Large marine vessels such as container ships can take several hundred thousand gallons of LNG in a single fuel bunkering event. The Company expects that additional marine bunkering opportunities will become available as newly constructed marine vessels that use LNG as the primary fuel of choice are delivered to vessel fleets and commence routine operations in North America.
Mining. Mines, including those producing metals, rare earth materials, and coal, are often located in remote locations that are off the electrical grid and do not have natural gas pipeline access. Mines use LNG to fuel electrical generators and to produce heat for their processing activities. Mines also use LNG as a fuel for their mine trucks and other high horsepower engine equipment. In addition to fuel cost benefits, LNG can help reduce emissions at mines that are often located in environmentally sensitive areas.
Pipeline, Remote Power and Utilities. LNG usage in utility and pipeline applications varies by project type. North America has an expansive network of pipelines that, based on age and increasingly more stringent regulations, require routine testing and maintenance. During such events LNG fueling solutions can provide flow assurance to address natural gas supply interruptions during pipeline hydrostatic testing, repairs, gas distribution system curtailments, or unplanned outages. Such solutions can also provide a bridge for large industrial or utility customers before permanent pipelines are installed. LNG is becoming more predominant in regions where natural gas demand is growing and utilities and pipelines are required to continue to meet critical peak gas demand. LNG can provide an economic solution to support these supply requirements during peak weather conditions, gas curtailments and/or pipeline repairs. In addition, utilities and other power providers can also utilize LNG to provide clean distributed power when access to an electrical grid is limited, additional power is needed during times of peak load, or power infrastructure is damaged due to storms such as hurricanes or wildfires.
China. Through our 40% interest in BOMAY, we provide power and control systems for the energy market in China.
Competitive Strengths
Stabilis believes that we are well positioned to execute our business strategies based on the following competitive strengths:
LNG is an economically and environmentally attractive product. Stabilis believes that many of our customers use LNG because it can significantly reduce harmful carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur, particulate matter, and other emissions as compared to other hydrocarbon-based fuels. LNG is also an important partner fuel for renewables such as solar and wind power and will be a key component of the energy transition to more sustainable sources of energy. We also believe that the combination of cost and environmental benefits makes LNG a compelling fuel source for many energy consumers. We believe that LNG can be delivered to customers at prices that are lower and more stable than what they would pay for distillate fuels or propane. In addition, LNG as a fuel may decrease operating costs by reducing equipment maintenance requirements and providing more consistent burn characteristics. U.S. natural gas supplies are price advantaged and face less price volatility versus natural gas from outside the U.S.
Demonstrated ability to execute LNG projects safely and cost effectively. Stabilis has produced and delivered over 530 million gallons of LNG to our customers throughout our 21-year operating history. Our experience includes building and operating LNG production facilities, delivering LNG from third-party sources to our customers, and designing and executing a wide-variety of turnkey LNG fueling solutions for our customers using our cryogenic equipment fleet supported by our engineers and field service teams. We have experience serving customers in multiple end markets including aerospace, agriculture, energy, industrial, marine bunkering, mining, pipeline, remote power and utilities. We also have experience exporting LNG to Mexico, Canada and Europe. Finally, we believe our team is among the most experienced in the small-scale LNG industry. We believe that we can leverage this proven LNG execution experience to grow our business in existing markets and expand our business into new markets.
Comprehensive provider of “virtual natural gas pipeline” solutions throughout North America. Stabilis offers our customers a comprehensive off-pipeline natural gas solution by providing the supply infrastructure, transportation and logistics, and field service support necessary to deliver LNG to them in a program that is tailored to their consumption needs. We believe we own one of the largest fleets of small-scale cryogenic transportation, storage, and vaporization equipment in North America. We can provide our customers LNG and related services for a wide variety of applications almost anywhere in the United States, Canada and Mexico. We believe that our ability to be a “one stop shop” for all of our customers’ off-pipeline natural gas requirements throughout North America is unique among LNG providers.
Ability to leverage existing LNG production and delivery capabilities into new markets. Stabilis believes that our experience producing and distributing LNG can be leveraged to grow into new geographic and service end markets. Since our founding we have expanded our service area across the United States, northern Mexico, and western Canada. We have also expanded our industry coverage to include multiple new end markets and customers. We accomplished this expansion into new markets by leveraging our LNG production and distribution expertise, in combination with our cryogenic engineering and project development capabilities, to meet new customer needs.
Competition
The market for LNG is highly competitive and we have multiple competitors for fuel. Stabilis believes the biggest competition for LNG in many applications is distillate fuels, such as diesel and marine gas oil, and propane as they power the majority of engines and generators in our target markets. We also compete with other fuel sources including pipeline natural gas and compressed natural gas ("CNG").
Stabilis competes with other natural gas companies, as well as other fossil fuel sources, based on a variety of factors, including, among others, cost, supply, availability, quality, emissions, and safety of the fuel. Location is often a primary competitive factor as transportation costs limit the distance LNG can be transported at competitive prices. We believe we compare favorably with many of our competitors on the basis of these factors. However, some of our competitors have longer operating histories and market-based experience, larger customer bases, more expansive brand recognition, deeper market penetration and substantially greater financial, marketing and other resources than our business. As a result, they may be able to respond more quickly to changes in customer preferences, legal requirements or other industry or regulatory trends, devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products, adopt more aggressive pricing policies, dedicate more effort to infrastructure and systems development in support of their business or product development activities and exert more influence on the regulatory landscape that impacts the natural gas fuel market. Additionally, utilities and their affiliates typically have unique competitive advantages, including a lower cost of capital, substantial and predictable cash flows, long-standing customer relationships, greater brand awareness, and large sales and marketing organizations.
Within Stabilis' predominately land-based commercial and industrial (C&I) markets, Stabilis does not believe that we compete with mid-scale and world-scale LNG liquefiers that produce more than 1,700,000 LNG gallons per day (approximately 2,700 tonnes per day or 1.0 MTPA). These large LNG production facilities typically are designed and permitted to fill large marine vessels that deliver cargos of 26.5 million gallons (approximately 42,200 tonnes) of LNG or more to large import terminals in foreign markets. We do not believe that any of them currently have or plan to have truck loading facilities that would be required to supply LNG to small-scale LNG customers. Within Stabilis' growing marine market, given the volumes of LNG that are needed to be bunkered via marine bunker vessel and long standing market for the shipment and trading of LNG globally, mid-scale and world-scale LNG liquefiers currently provide LNG to support early market demand and should be expected to continue to play a role fueling future market growth.
Sales and Marketing
Stabilis markets our products and services primarily through our direct sales force, which includes sales representatives covering all of our major geographic and customer vertical markets, as well as attendance at trade shows and participation in industry conferences and events. Our technical, sales and marketing teams also work closely with federal, state and local government agencies to provide education about the value of natural gas as a fuel and to keep abreast of proposed and newly adopted regulations that affect our industry.
Seasonality
We did not experience significant seasonal variations in volume of LNG delivered to our customers during 2024, and we do not expect future volumes to be significantly impacted by seasonal variations. However, our revenues are susceptible to variations due to changes in the price of natural gas. The price of natural gas can fluctuate at any time during the year due to isolated factors, but on average, natural gas prices tend to be higher in peak winter and peak summer months when heating and cooling demand is seasonally higher.
Government Regulation and Environmental Matters
Stabilis is subject to a variety of federal, international, state, provincial and local laws and regulations relating to the environment, health and safety, labor and employment, building codes and construction, zoning and land use, public reporting and taxation, among others. Any changes to existing laws or regulations, the adoption of new laws or regulations, or failure by us to comply with applicable laws or regulations could result in significant additional expense to us or our customers or a variety of administrative, civil and criminal enforcement measures, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial condition and results of operations. Regulations that significantly affect our operating activities are described below. Compliance with these regulations has not had a material effect on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position to date, but new laws or regulations or amendments to existing laws or regulations to make them more stringent could have such an effect in the future. We cannot estimate the costs that may be required for us to comply with potential new laws or changes to existing laws, and these unknown costs are not contemplated by our existing customer agreements or our budgets and cost estimates. We believe that we are in compliance with all environmental and other governmental regulations. Our compliance has, to date, had no material effect on our capital expenditures, earnings, or competitive position.
Construction and Operation of LNG Liquefaction Plants. To build and operate LNG liquefaction plants, Stabilis must apply for facility permits or licenses that address many factors, including building codes, storm water and wastewater discharges, waste handling, and air emissions related to production activities and equipment operation. The construction of LNG plants must also be approved by local planning boards and fire departments.
Transportation of LNG. International, federal and state safety standards require that LNG is moved by qualified drivers in cryogenic containers designed for LNG transportation. Drivers are subject to U.S. Department of Transportation (“USDOT”) regulations, such as Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (“FMCSA”), Hazardous Materials Regulations, and state certification requirements, such as certifications by the Alternative Energy Division of the Railroad Commission of Texas. Cryogenic containers have to undergo annual USDOT visual inspections and periodic pressure tests. Motor vehicles equipped with an LNG container or other motor vehicles used principally for transporting LNG in portable containers in Texas have to be registered with the Railroad Commission of Texas.
Transfer of LNG. Transfer of LNG occurs between transport trailers, permanent and temporary facilities as well as marine facilities and vessels. Marine transfers can occur on the shore side to or from a vessel or from vessel to vessel. International, Federal, State and local safety standards and operational regulations require the transfer of LNG to be conducted in accordance with specific written safety standards and operational procedures. These procedures require that trained, qualified personnel be in attendance and manage all transfer operations.
Storage and Vaporization of LNG at Customer Sites. To install and operate both temporary and permanent storage and vaporization equipment, Stabilis may apply for permits or licenses that address many factors, including waste handling and air emissions related to onsite storage and equipment operation or consult with customers so they may apply for needed permits. The operation and siting of storage and vaporization of LNG may also require approval by local planning boards and fire departments.
Import & Export of LNG. In the third quarter of 2022, Stabilis received authorization from the DOE to export domestically produced LNG to all free trade ("FTA") and non-free trade ("non-FTA") countries, for up to 51.75 billion cubic feet per year (or approximately 1.0 MTPA) of natural gas equivalent. The authorization is for shipments of LNG for a term of 28 years with approximately 26 years remaining under this authorization. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has met the initial time requirement to initiate exports to non-FTA countries. In 2024, we delivered LNG to Europe under this authorization. For exports to FTA countries, the Company has five years from the date it received the authorization with which to initiate exportation of LNG.
The DOE authorization received during the third quarter of 2022 supplements the Company's other existing export license from the DOE, which authorizes the Company to import and export LNG from and to Canada and Mexico, via truck. In 2024, we delivered LNG to Mexico under this authorization.
Human Capital Resources
Stabilis believes that one of its key assets is the collective expertise, experience and diversity of its workforce. The Company depends on all of its employees, including its executive officers and senior management, to successfully operate its businesses and to successfully execute its strategy going forward. As of December 31, 2024, Stabilis had 104 employees, all of whom were full-time employees. We believe our relations with employees are satisfactory. None of our employees are currently subject to a collective bargaining agreement.
Stabilis seeks to attract and retain its employees by offering competitive compensation packages including base and incentive compensation, attractive benefits and opportunities for advancement and rewarding careers. The Company periodically reviews and adjusts, if needed, its employees’ compensation to ensure that it is competitive within the industry and is consistent with their level of performance. Stabilis considers employee benefits to be an important part of employee total compensation. For this reason, the Company’s benefits include insurance programs for medical, dental, vision, short- and long-term disability, accidental death and disability, and accident, as well as a 401(k) contribution retirement plan. The Company’s ability to attract employees is also significantly influenced by our efforts to create a culture of opportunity, personal growth, respect, collaboration and an appreciation of the diverse backgrounds, skills, and contributions that its employees offer.
Stabilis strives to provide its people with all of the tools and support necessary for them to succeed and safely perform their duties. The safety of its employees, contractors, customers and communities is paramount to the Company’s success. To ensure safe, reliable and efficient operations in a highly regulated environment, the Company supports and utilizes various employee training, educational programs as well as safety programs with detailed safety and health related procedures that all employees are required to follow.
Intellectual Property
The intellectual property portfolio of Stabilis and its subsidiaries includes patents and trademarks. The Company has a patent in the US, Canada and Mexico for the use of natural gas for well enhancement. The Company has two patents for rotary fluid processing systems and a US patent for a gas processing system. The last patent to expire in the U.S. will expire in July 2039, absent any adjustments or extensions. The Company has ten U.S. trademark registrations and one foreign trademark registration (Canada). The Company has no pending trademark applications.
Available Information
Stabilis’ principal executive office is located at 11750 Katy Freeway, Suite 900, Houston, Texas 77079. Our telephone number is 832-456-6500 and our website address is www.stabilis-solutions.com. We make our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, amendments to those reports and other information filed with or furnished to the SEC available, free of charge, through our website, as soon as reasonably practicable after those reports and other information are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. The reference to Stabilis’ website is not intended to incorporate the information on the website into this report or any of our filings with the SEC. In addition, the SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. This annual report on Form 10-K, including all exhibits and amendments, has been filed electronically with the SEC.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Investing in shares of our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below with all of the other information included in this report in evaluating an investment in our common stock. If any of the following risks were to occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations.
Risks Related to Our Business
Our ability to implement our business strategy may be materially and adversely affected by many known and unknown factors.
Our business strategy relies upon our future ability to successfully market LNG to end-users, develop and maintain cost-effective logistics in our supply chain and construct, develop and operate energy-related infrastructure in North America. Our business strategy assumes that we will be able to expand our operations further in North America; enter into strategic, long-term purchase and supply contracts with end-users, power utilities, LNG providers, transportation companies, financing counterparties and other partners; acquire and transport LNG at attractive prices; continue to develop our logistics infrastructure into efficient and profitable operations; construct or acquire liquefaction facilities; obtain approvals from all relevant federal, international, state and local authorities, as needed, for the construction and operation of these projects; and obtain long-term capital appreciation and liquidity with respect to such investments. These assumptions are subject to significant economic, competitive, regulatory and operational uncertainties, contingencies and risks, many of which are beyond our control. We may also acquire operating businesses or other assets in the future to further our business strategy. Any such acquisitions would be subject to significant risks and contingencies, including the risk of integration, and we may not be able to realize the benefits of any such acquisitions.
Our future ability to execute our business strategy is uncertain, and it can be expected that one or more of the following factors will prove to be incorrect or that we will face unanticipated events and circumstances that may adversely affect our business which may adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and ability to execute our business strategy:
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failure to win new bids or contracts;
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failure to manage expanding operations in the projected time frame;
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inability to structure innovative and profitable energy-related transactions, maintain cost-effective logistics solutions and to optimally manage performance and counterparty risks;
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inability to attract and retain personnel in a timely and cost-effective manner as we are highly dependent on principal members of our management team and certain of our other employees. The loss of which could disrupt our operations, adversely impact the achievement of our objectives and increase our exposure to the other risks described herein;
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failure of investments in technology and machinery, such as liquefaction technology or LNG tank truck technology, to perform as expected;
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failure to maintain important pre-existing third-party relationships;
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increases in competition which could increase costs and undermine profits;
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inability to source LNG in sufficient quantities and/or at economically attractive prices;
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failure to anticipate and adapt to new trends in the energy sector in North America and elsewhere;
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increases in operating costs, including the need for capital improvements, insurance premiums, general taxes, real estate taxes and utilities, affecting our profit margins;
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inability to raise significant additional debt and equity capital in the future to implement our business strategy as well as to operate and expand our business;
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inflation, depreciation of the currencies of the countries in which we operate and fluctuations in interest rates;
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failure to obtain approvals from governmental regulators and relevant local authorities for the construction and operation of potential future projects and other relevant approvals;
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existing and future governmental laws and regulations as well as potential changes in regulatory, geopolitical, social, economic, tax or monetary policies and other factors within the areas we operate or intend to operate; or
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inability, or failure, of a significant customer to perform its contractual obligations for any reason, including nonpayment and nonperformance.
Any failure to perform by our counterparties under agreements may adversely affect our operating results, liquidity and access to financing.
Our business involves our entering into various purchase and sale, hedging and other transactions with numerous third parties (commonly referred to as “counterparties”). In such arrangements, we are exposed to the performance and credit risks of our counterparties, including the risk that one or more counterparties fails to perform its obligation to make deliveries of commodities and/or to make payments. These risks may increase during periods of commodity price volatility. Defaults by suppliers and other counterparties may adversely affect our operating results, liquidity and access to financing.
Cyclical or other changes in the demand for and price of LNG and natural gas may adversely affect our business and the performance of our customers which could have a material adverse effect on our business, contracts, financial condition, operating results, cash flows, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy.
Our business generally is based on assumptions about the future availability and price of natural gas and LNG markets. Natural gas and LNG prices have at various times been and may become volatile due to one or more of the following factors:
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changes in supplies of, demand for, and prices for, alternative energy sources such as coal, oil, nuclear, hydroelectric, wind and solar energy, which may reduce the demand for natural gas;
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weather conditions and natural disasters;
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reduced demand and lower prices for natural gas;
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increased natural gas production deliverable by pipelines, which could suppress demand for LNG;
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decreased oil and natural gas exploration activities, which may decrease the production of natural gas, or decrease the demand for LNG used in the oil and gas exploration and production process;
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changes in regulatory, tax or other governmental policies or requirements regarding imported or exported LNG, natural gas or alternative energy sources, which may reduce the demand for imported or exported LNG and/or natural gas;
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political conditions in natural gas producing regions; and
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imposition of tariffs by other countries on imports of LNG from the United States.
Adverse trends or developments affecting any of these factors could result in decreases in the prices at which we are able to sell LNG and natural gas and related services or increases in the prices we have to pay for natural gas or LNG, which could materially and adversely affect the performance of our customers, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, contracts, financial condition, operating results, cash flows, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy.
Operation and/or construction of our LNG infrastructure, liquefaction and other facilities involves significant risks.
The operation of our LNG infrastructure, liquefaction and other facilities involve particular, significant risks that could involve interruption of our operations, including, among others: performing below expected levels of efficiency, breakdowns or failures of equipment, operational errors by trucks, operational errors by us or any contracted facility operator, industrial accidents, labor disputes and weather-related or natural disasters. Additional risks include, but are not limited to: failure to maintain the required license(s) or other permits required to operate our plants; failure in health and safety performance and management of health and safety risks; failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations, including environmental laws and regulations; failure to properly manage environmental risks, including pollution, contamination, and exposure to hazardous materials; the inability, or failure, of any counterparty to any plant-related agreements to perform their contractual obligations to us and planned and unplanned power outages due to maintenance, expansion and refurbishment. We cannot assure you that future occurrences of any of the events listed above or any other events of a similar or dissimilar nature would not significantly decrease or eliminate the revenues from, or significantly increase the costs of operating expenses related to our LNG infrastructure, liquefaction or other operation which could have a material adverse effect on our business, contracts, financial condition, operating results, cash flow, liquidity and ability to execute of our strategy.
Any failure in health and safety performance from our operations may result in an event that causes personal harm or injury to our employees, other persons, and/or the environment, as well as the imposition of injunctive relief and/or penalties for non-compliance with relevant regulatory requirements or litigation. Such a failure, or a similar failure elsewhere in the energy industry (including, in particular, LNG liquefaction, storage, transportation or regasification operations), could generate public concern, which may lead to new laws and/or regulations that would impose more stringent requirements on our operations, have a corresponding impact on our ability to obtain permits and approvals, and otherwise jeopardize our reputation or the reputation of our industry as well as our relationships with relevant regulatory agencies and local communities. Individually or collectively, these developments could have a material adverse effect on our business, contracts, financial condition, operating results, cash flow, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy.
The construction and expansion of energy-related infrastructure, including liquefaction facilities, as well as other future projects, involves numerous operational, regulatory, environmental, political, legal and economic risks beyond our control and may require the expenditure of significant amounts of capital during construction and thereafter. These potential risks include, among other things, the following:
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we may be unable to complete construction projects on schedule or at the budgeted cost due to the unavailability of required construction personnel or materials, inability obtain key permits or land use approvals including those required under environmental laws, occurrence of accidents or weather conditions, changes in regulatory requirements or challenges by citizens groups or non-governmental organizations, including those opposed to fossil fuel energy sources;
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we will not receive any material increase in operating cash flows until a project is completed, even though we may have expended considerable funds during the construction phase, which may be prolonged;
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we may construct facilities to capture anticipated future energy consumption growth in a region in which such growth does not materialize; and
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the completion or success of our construction project may depend on the completion of a third-party construction project that we do not control and that may be subject to numerous additional potential risks, delays and complexities.
Our insurance may be insufficient to cover losses that may occur to our property or result from our operations.
Our current operations and future projects are subject to the inherent risks associated with the operation of LNG infrastructure as well as liquefaction and other facilities including explosions, pollution, release of toxic substances, fires, seismic events, hurricanes and other adverse weather conditions, and other hazards, each of which could result in significant delays in commencement or interruptions of operations and/or result in damage to or destruction of our facilities and assets or damage to persons and property. In addition, such operations and the modes of transport of third parties on which our current operations and future projects may be dependent face possible risks associated with acts of aggression or terrorism. Some of the regions in which we operate are affected by hurricanes or tropical storms. We do not, nor do we intend to, maintain insurance against all of these risks and losses. In particular, we do not carry business interruption insurance for hurricanes and other natural disasters. Therefore, the occurrence of one or more significant events not fully insured or indemnified against could create significant liabilities and losses which could have a material adverse effect on our business, contracts, financial condition, operating results, cash flow, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy. In addition, our insurance may be voidable by the insurers as a result of certain of our actions.
We maintain insurance against certain risks and losses; however, the occurrence of a significant event that is either uninsured or not fully insured or indemnified against could have a material adverse effect on our business, contracts, financial condition, operating results, cash flow, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy. Further, we may be unable to procure adequate insurance coverage at commercially reasonable rates in the future.
Existing and future environmental, health and safety laws and regulations could result in increased compliance costs or additional operating costs or construction costs and restrictions.
Our business is now and will in the future be subject to extensive federal, international, state and local laws and regulations both in the United States and in other jurisdictions where we operate that regulate and restrict, among other things, the siting and design of our facilities, discharges to air, land and water, the handling, storage and disposal of hazardous materials, and remediation associated with the release of hazardous substances. Many of the federal and state laws with respect to these impose liability, without regard to fault or the lawfulness of the original conduct. As the owner and operator of our facilities and as generators of and arrangers for the transport and disposal of regulated wastes, we could be liable for the costs of cleaning up any such hazardous substances that may be released into the environment at or from our facilities or facilities to which wastes or hazardous substances were transported or disposed, for resulting damage to natural resources, and for certain health studies. We are also subject to laws, regulations regulatory permits, approvals and authorizations, including, but not limited to:
The Clean Air Act (“CAA”) and Clean Water Act (“CWA”), and analogous state laws and regulations that restrict or prohibit the types, quantities and concentration of substances that can be emitted or discharged into the environment in connection with the construction and operation of our facilities which may also require us to obtain and maintain permits and provide governmental authorities with access to our facilities for inspection and reports related to compliance.
The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”) and analogous state laws which may impose detailed requirements for the generation, handling, storage, processing, treatment and disposal of nonhazardous and hazardous solid wastes. Wastes listed as hazardous wastes or that have hazardous characteristics are subject to more stringent requirements than those considered nonhazardous.
The Occupational Safety and Health Act (“OSHA”) and comparable state statutes whose purpose is to protect the health and safety of workers.
The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act, the general duty clause and Risk Management Planning regulations promulgated under section 112(r) of the CAA and comparable state statutes and any implementing regulations that require recordkeeping and disclosure of information about hazardous materials used or produced in our operations and require that this information be provided to employees, state and local governmental authorities and citizens. These laws also require the development of risk management plans for certain facilities to prevent accidental releases of extremely hazardous substances and to minimize the consequences of such releases should they occur.
Pipeline Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (“PHMSA”). PHMSA has promulgated detailed regulations governing LNG facilities under its jurisdiction to address LNG facility siting, design, construction, equipment, operations, maintenance, personnel qualifications and training, fire protection and security. State and local regulators can impose similar siting, design, construction and operational requirements. Additional approvals of the Department of Energy (“DOE”) may be required under Section 3 of the Natural Gas Act (“NGA”). Certain federal permitting processes may trigger the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”), which requires federal agencies to evaluate major agency actions that have the potential to significantly impact the environment. We also must comply with foreign regulations regarding to the extent we transport LNG within Canada and Mexico.
Greenhouse Gases/Climate Change. From time to time, there may be federal and state regulatory and policy initiatives to reduce green house ("GHG") emissions in the United States from a variety of sources. Other federal and state initiatives are being considered or may be considered in the future to address GHG emissions through, for example, United States treaty commitments or other international agreements, direct regulation, a carbon emissions tax, or cap-and-trade programs. For example, the U.S. recommitted to the Paris Agreement, an international treaty with the goal of limiting global warming to below 2 degrees Celsius as compared to pre-industrial levels. The Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) has adopted regulations for reporting and controlling GHG emissions from certain air emissions sources under its existing authority under the CAA, and may adopt more stringent regulations in the future. In addition, some states and foreign jurisdictions have individually or in regional cooperation, imposed restrictions on GHG emissions under various policies and approaches, including establishing a cap on emissions, requiring efficiency measures, or providing incentives for pollution reduction, use of renewable energy sources, or use of replacement fuels with lower carbon content.
The adoption and implementation of any U.S. federal, state or local regulations or foreign regulations imposing obligations on, or limiting emissions of GHGs from, our equipment and operations could require us to incur significant costs to reduce emissions of GHGs associated with our operations or could adversely affect demand for natural gas and natural gas products. The potential increase in our operating costs could include new costs to operate and maintain our facilities, permit our facilities, install new emission controls on our facilities, acquire allowances to authorize our GHG emissions, pay taxes related to our GHG emissions, and administer and manage a GHG emissions program. We may not be able to recover such increased costs through increases in customer prices or rates. In addition, changes in regulatory policies that result in a reduction in the demand for hydrocarbon products that are deemed to contribute to GHGs, or restrict their use, may reduce volumes available to us for processing, transportation, marketing and storage. These developments could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Fossil Fuels. Our business activities depend upon a sufficient and reliable supply of natural gas feedstock, and are therefore subject to concerns in certain sectors of the public about the exploration, production and transportation of natural gas and other fossil fuels and the consumption of fossil fuels more generally. Legislative and regulatory action, and possible litigation, in response to such public concerns may also adversely affect our operations. We may be subject to future laws, regulations, or actions to address such public concern with fossil fuel generation, distribution and combustion, GHGs and the effects of global climate change. Our customers may also move away from using fossil fuels such as LNG for their power generation needs for reputational or perceived risk-related reasons. These matters represent uncertainties in the operation and management of our business, and could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Failure to comply with any of the above laws and regulations or any other future legislation and regulations could lead to substantial liabilities, fines and penalties or capital expenditures related to pollution control equipment and restrictions or curtailment of operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, contracts, financial condition, operating results, cash flow, and ability to execute our strategy. Further, we cannot control the outcome of any review and approval process, including whether or when any such permits, approvals and authorizations will be obtained, the terms of their issuance, or possible appeals or other potential interventions by third parties, that could interfere with our ability to obtain and maintain such permits, approvals and authorizations or the terms thereof. Accordingly, there is no assurance that we will timely obtain and maintain these governmental permits, approvals and authorizations on favorable terms, or at all. Failure to obtain and maintain any of these permits, approvals or authorizations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, cash flows and ability to execute our strategy.
Global climate change may in the future increase the frequency and severity of weather events and the losses resulting therefrom, which could have a material adverse effect on the economies in the markets in which we operate or plan to operate in the future and therefore on our business.
Over the past several years, changing weather patterns and climatic conditions have added to the unpredictability and frequency of natural disasters in certain parts of the world, including the markets in which we operate and intend to operate, and have created additional uncertainty as to future trends. There is a growing consensus today that climate change increases the frequency and severity of extreme weather events and, in recent years, the frequency of major weather events appears to have increased. We cannot predict whether or to what extent damage that may be caused by natural events, such as severe tropical storms and hurricanes, will affect our operations or the economies in our current or future market areas, but the increased frequency and severity of such weather events could increase the negative impacts to economic conditions in these regions and result in a decline in the value or the destruction of our liquefiers and downstream facilities or affect our ability to transport LNG. In particular, if one of the regions in which we operate is impacted by such a natural catastrophe in the future, it could have a material adverse effect on our business. Further, the economies of such impacted areas may require significant time to recover and there is no assurance that a full recovery will occur. Even the threat of a severe weather event could impact our business, financial condition or the price of our common stock.
Other natural or man-made disasters could result in an interruption of our operations, a delay in the completion of future facilities, higher construction costs or the deferral of the dates on which payments are due under our customer contracts, all of which could adversely affect us.
Other disasters such as explosions, fires, seismic events, floods or accidents, could result in damage to, or interruption of operations in our supply chain, including at our facilities or related infrastructure, as well as delays or cost increases in the construction and the development of our proposed facilities or other infrastructure.
If one or more trailers, terminals, pipelines, facilities, equipment or electronic systems that we own, lease or operate or that deliver products to us or that supply our facilities and our customers’ facilities are damaged by a natural or other disaster, accident, catastrophe, terrorist or cyber-attack or event, our operations could be significantly interrupted. These delays and interruptions could involve significant damage to people, property or the environment, and repairs could take a week or less for a minor incident to six months or more for a major interruption. Any event that interrupts the revenues generated by our operations, or that causes us to make significant expenditures not covered by insurance, could have a material adverse effect on our business, contracts, financial condition, operating results, cash flow, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy.
We expect to be dependent on contractors for the successful completion of our energy-related infrastructure.
Timely and cost-effective completion of energy-related infrastructure, including liquefaction facilities, as well as future projects, in compliance with agreed specifications is central to our business strategy and is highly dependent on the performance of our contractors. The ability of our contractors to perform successfully under their agreements with us is dependent on a number of factors, including the contractor’s ability to:
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design and engineer each of our facilities to operate in accordance with specifications;
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engage and retain third-party subcontractors and procure equipment and supplies;
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respond to difficulties such as equipment failure, delivery delays, schedule changes and failures to perform by subcontractors, some of which are beyond their control;
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attract, develop and retain skilled personnel, including engineers;
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post required construction bonds and comply with the terms thereof;
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manage the construction process generally, including coordinating with other contractors and regulatory agencies; and
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maintain their own financial condition, including adequate working capital.
Until we have entered into an Engineering, Procurement and Construction (“EPC”) contract for a particular project, in which the EPC contractor agrees to meet our planned schedule and projected total costs for a project, we are subject to potential fluctuations in construction costs and other related project costs. Although some agreements may provide for liquidated damages if the contractor fails to perform in the manner required with respect to certain of its obligations, the events that trigger a requirement to pay liquidated damages may delay or impair the operation of the applicable facility, and any liquidated damages that we receive may be delayed or insufficient to cover the damages that we suffer as a result of any such delay or impairment. The obligations of our primary building contractor and other contractors to pay liquidated damages under their agreements with us are subject to caps on liability, as set forth therein. Furthermore, we may have disagreements with our contractors about different elements of the construction process, which could lead to the assertion of rights and remedies under our contracts and increase the cost of the applicable facility or result in a contractor’s unwillingness to perform further work. If any contractor is unable or unwilling to perform according to the negotiated terms and timetable of its respective agreement for any reason or terminates its agreement for any reason, we would be required to engage a substitute contractor, which could be particularly difficult in certain of the markets in which we operate or plan to operate. This would likely result in significant project delays and increased costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, contracts, financial condition, operating results, cash flow, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy. Additionally, in certain instances, we may be jointly and severally liable for our contractor's actions or contract performance.
We may not be able to purchase or receive physical delivery of natural gas in sufficient quantities and/or quality or at economically attractive prices to satisfy our delivery obligations under our commercial agreements, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We may not be able to purchase or receive physical delivery of sufficient quantities and/or quality of LNG or natural gas to satisfy delivery obligations either for our own liquefaction facilities or third party LNG suppliers, or both, which may provide customers with the right to terminate our commercial agreements. In addition, price fluctuations in natural gas and LNG may make it expensive or uneconomical for us to acquire adequate supply of these items. If LNG were to become unavailable for current or future volumes of natural gas due to repairs or damage to supplier facilities or pipelines, lack of capacity or any other reason, our ability to continue delivering natural gas to end-users could be restricted, thereby reducing revenues. Any permanent interruption at any key LNG supply chains that causes a material reduction in volumes could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, cash flow, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy.
We face competition based upon market price for LNG or natural gas.
Our business is subject to the risk of natural gas and LNG price competition which may prevent us from entering into new or replacement customer contracts on economically comparable terms to existing customer contracts, or at all which could have a material adverse effect on our business, contracts, financial condition, operating results, cash flow, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy. Factors which may negatively affect potential demand for LNG from our business are diverse and include, among others:
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increases in worldwide LNG production capacity and availability of LNG for market supply;
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increases or decreases in the cost of LNG;
• decreases in the cost of competing sources of natural gas, LNG or alternate fuels such as coal, heavy fuel oil and diesel; and
• displacement of LNG or fossil fuels more broadly by alternate fuels or energy sources or technologies (including but not limited to nuclear, wind, solar, biofuels and batteries) in locations where access to these energy sources is not currently available or prevalent.
Decreased demand for natural gas may result in significant price competition and decrease the prices we are able to charge, which would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to execute our strategy.
Technological innovation may render our processes obsolete.
The success of our current operations and future projects will depend in part on our ability to create and maintain a competitive position in the natural gas liquefaction industry. Although we plan to utilize proven technologies such as those currently in operation at our George West and Port Allen liquefiers, we do not have any exclusive rights to any of these technologies. In addition, such technologies may be rendered obsolete or uneconomical by legal or regulatory requirements, technological advances, more efficient and cost-effective processes or entirely different approaches developed by one or more of our competitors or others. Failure to keep up with the pace of technological innovation could materially and adversely affect our business, ability to realize benefits from future projects, results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy.
Changes in legislation and regulations could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy.
Our business is subject to governmental laws, rules, and regulations, and requires permits that impose various restrictions and obligations that may have material effects on our results of operations. Future legislation and regulations or changes in existing legislation and regulations, or interpretations thereof, such as those relating to the liquefaction, storage, or regasification of LNG, or its transportation, exportation, or importation could cause additional expenditures, restrictions and delays in connection with our operations as well as other future projects, the extent of which cannot be predicted and which may require us to limit substantially, delay or cease operations in some circumstances. Revised, reinterpreted or additional laws and regulations that result in increased compliance costs or additional operating costs and restrictions could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and execution of our strategy.
We use third party LNG transportation providers that are subject to various trucking safety regulations, including those which are enacted, reviewed and amended by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (“FMCSA”). These regulatory authorities exercise broad powers, governing activities such as the authorization to engage in motor carrier operations, driver licensing, insurance requirements, financial reporting and review of certain mergers, consolidations and acquisitions, and transportation of hazardous materials. All federally regulated carriers’ safety ratings are measured through a program implemented by the FMCSA known as the Compliance Safety Accountability (“CSA”) program which measures a carrier’s safety performance. The quantity and severity of any violations are compared to a peer group of companies of comparable size and annual mileage. If a company rises above a threshold established by the FMCSA, it is subject to action from the FMCSA and ultimately revocation of the company’s operating authority if the issues are not corrected. To a large degree, intrastate motor carrier operations are subject to state and/or local safety regulations that mirror federal regulations but also regulate the weight and size dimensions of loads. Applicable regulatory requirements and limitations are subject to change, either through new regulations enacted on the federal, state or local level, or by new or modified regulations that may be implemented under existing law. Any changes in trucking operations due to changes in regulations or loss of a LNG transportation provider could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and execution of our strategy.
Some of our competitors have greater financial, technological and other resources than we currently possess.
We plan to operate in the highly competitive area of LNG production and face intense competition from independent, technology-driven companies as well as from both major and other independent oil and natural gas companies. Some of these competitors have longer operating histories, have secured access to, or are pursuing development or acquisition of LNG facilities in North America, have more development experience, greater name recognition, larger staffs and substantially greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we currently possess. We also face competition for the contractors needed to build our facilities. The superior resources that some of these competitors have available for deployment could allow them to compete successfully against us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, ability to realize benefits from future projects, results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy.
Failure of LNG to be a competitive source of energy in the markets in which we operate, and seek to operate, could adversely affect our expansion strategy.
Natural gas competes with other sources of energy, including coal, oil, nuclear, hydroelectric, wind and solar energy, which may become available at a lower cost in certain markets. Our operations are, and will be, dependent upon LNG being a competitive source of energy in the markets in which we operate. In the United States, imported LNG has not developed into a significant energy source. The success of the domestic liquefaction component of our business plan is dependent, in part, on the extent to which natural gas can, for significant periods and in significant volumes, be produced in the United States at a lower cost than the cost to produce some domestic supplies of other alternative energy sources, and that it can be transported at reasonable rates through appropriately-scaled infrastructure. The failure of natural gas to be a competitive supply alternative to oil and other alternative energy sources could adversely affect our ability to deliver LNG or natural gas to our customers in North America or other locations on a commercial basis.
Our risk management strategies cannot eliminate all LNG price and supply risks. In addition, any non-compliance with our risk management strategies could result in significant financial losses.
Our strategy is to maintain a manageable risk balance between LNG purchases and sales or future delivery obligations. Through these transactions, we seek to earn a margin for the LNG purchased by selling LNG for physical delivery to third-party users. These strategies cannot, however, eliminate all price risks. For example, any event that disrupts our anticipated supply chain could expose us to risk of loss resulting from price changes if we are required to obtain alternative supplies to cover these transactions. We are also exposed to basis risks when LNG is purchased against one pricing index and sold against a different index. In addition, our marketing operations involve the risk of non-compliance with our risk management policies. We cannot assure you that our processes and procedures will detect and prevent all violations of our risk management strategies, particularly if deception or other intentional misconduct is involved. If we were to incur a material loss related to commodity price risks, including non-compliance with our risk management strategies, it could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
We may experience increased labor costs, and the unavailability of skilled workers or failure to attract and retain qualified personnel could adversely affect us.
We are dependent upon the available labor pool of skilled employees. We compete with other energy companies and other employers to attract and retain qualified personnel with the technical skills and experience required to construct and operate energy-related infrastructure and to provide our customers with the highest quality service. In addition, a tightening labor market may affect our ability to hire and retain skilled labor and require us to pay increased wages.
In addition, we, and our subsidiaries in the United States who hire personnel, are also subject to the Fair Labor Standards Act, which governs such matters as minimum wage, overtime and other working conditions. We are also subject to applicable labor regulations in the other jurisdictions in which we operate, including Mexico. We may face challenges and costs in hiring, retaining and managing our employee base. A shortage in the labor pool of skilled workers or other general inflationary pressures or changes in applicable laws and regulations could make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified personnel and could require an increase in the wage and benefits packages that we offer, thereby increasing our operating costs. Any increase in our operating costs could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy.
We may incur impairments to goodwill or long-lived assets.
We test our long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable. We test goodwill for impairment annually, or more frequently as circumstances dictate. Significant negative industry or economic trends, and decline of market capitalization, reduced estimates of future cash flows for business segments or disruptions to business could lead to an impairment charge of the long-lived assets, including our goodwill. Our valuation methodology for assessing impairment requires management to make judgments and assumptions based on historical experience and to rely heavily on projections of future operating performance. Projections of future operating results and cash flows may vary significantly from actual results. In addition, if our analysis results in an impairment to our goodwill or long-lived assets, we may be required to record a charge to earnings in our consolidated financial statements during a period in which such impairment is determined to exist, which may negatively impact our operating results.
Environmental, social, and governance (“ESG”) goals, programs, and reporting are increasingly being identified by capital providers and investors as a priority for the energy industry, and access to capital and investors for companies not prioritizing ESG may become increasingly limited.
Spurred by increasing concerns regarding climate change, the energy industry faces growing demand for corporate transparency and a demonstrated commitment to sustainability goals. ESG goals and programs, which typically include extralegal targets related to environmental stewardship, social responsibility and corporate governance, have become an increasing focus of investors and shareholders across the industry. While reporting on ESG metrics remains voluntary, access to capital and investors is likely to favor companies with robust ESG programs in place. In addition, if ESG metrics and/or reporting become mandatory, our costs of planning, measuring, monitoring, and reporting on our operations could increase and could have a material adverse effect on our business, contracts, financial condition, operating results, cash flow, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy.
We have operations and investment in foreign countries and we could experience losses from weakening foreign economies as well as unforeseen or unexpected operating, financial, political or cultural factors in these countries.
We currently have operations in Mexico and in China. We could experience losses resulting from weakening foreign economies (including foreign exchange losses), as well as unforeseen or unexpected operating, financial, political or cultural factors in these countries. Strained diplomatic and political relationships between the United States and these foreign countries, along with weaker legal systems, could also adversely affect our investment and business opportunities in these countries. See Note 7 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on our investment in the foreign joint venture.
Risks Inherent in an Investment in Us
Investment in us is speculative.
We will continue to incur significant capital and operating expenditures while we develop infrastructure for our supply chain and other future projects. We will need to invest significant amounts of additional capital to implement our strategy. We could experience delays beyond the expected development period, which could create operating losses and negative operating cash flows. Our future liquidity may also be affected by the timing of construction financing availability in relation to the incurrence of construction costs and other outflows and by the timing of receipt of cash flows under our customer contracts in relation to the incurrence of project and operating expenses. Our strategy may not be successful, and if unsuccessful, we may be unable to modify it in a timely and successful manner.
We cannot provide any assurance that we will be able to implement our strategy on a timely basis, if at all, or achieve our internal forecast or that our assumptions will be accurate. Accordingly, an investment in our company is speculative and subject to a high degree of risk, and you should understand that there is a possibility of the loss of your entire investment.
We may require additional funding from various sources, which may not be available or may only be available on unfavorable terms.
We have significant working capital requirements, primarily driven by the delay between the purchase of and payment for natural gas and the payment terms that we offer our customers. Differences between the date when we pay our LNG supply and service providers and the date when we receive payments from our customers may adversely affect our liquidity and our cash flows. Further, we expect our working capital needs to increase to fund capital expenditures as our operations increase, and our net working capital may not be sufficient to expand our operations in accordance with our strategy. In the future, we may pursue offerings of debt or equity securities or rely on future borrowings of debt to provide additional working capital.
If we are unable to secure additional funding, or if it is only available on terms that we determine are not acceptable, we may be forced to delay, reduce or eliminate parts of our business development efforts, or we may otherwise be unable to fully execute our business plan, and our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected. Our ability to raise additional capital will depend on financial, economic and market conditions and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. We cannot assure you that such additional funding will be available on acceptable terms, or at all. A variety of factors beyond our control could impact the availability or cost of capital, including domestic or international economic conditions, increases in key benchmark interest rates and/or credit spreads, the adoption of new or amended banking or capital market laws or regulations, the re-pricing of market risks and volatility in capital and financial markets, risks relating to the credit risk of our customers and the jurisdictions in which we operate, as well as general risks, including limitations on investment capital, applicable to the energy sector, which may not be available as needed, or may be available in more limited amounts or on more expensive or otherwise unfavorable terms. In the event any of the lenders under these potential debt instruments were unable to perform on its commitments, we may need to seek replacement financing.
If we do not have sufficient working capital, we may not be able to pursue our growth strategy, respond to competitive pressures or fund key strategic initiatives which, in turn, may harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may incur losses over the next several years and may not maintain profitability.
We may incur significant expenses and operating losses for the foreseeable future. The net results the Company incurs may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter. We anticipate that our expenses will increase substantially if and as we:
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seek to identify additional expansion of business operation opportunities;
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establish a sales, marketing and distribution infrastructure to commercialize our business and products; and
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add operational, financial and management information systems and personnel, including personnel to support our business development and planned future commercialization efforts.
To be and remain profitable, we must develop and execute our strategy which will require us to be successful in a range of challenging activities. We may never succeed in these activities and, even if we do, may never generate revenues that are significant or large enough to achieve profitability. Our failure to become and remain profitable would decrease the value of the Company and could impair our ability to raise capital, maintain our existing business operations and development efforts, expand our business or continue our operations and may require us to raise additional capital that may dilute the ownership interest of common stock holders.
The loss of a significant customer or inability of a significant customer to perform under contract could adversely affect our operating results and ability to generate cash flows.
We currently depend upon a limited number of customers. Our near term ability to generate cash is both dependent on the small number of customers’ continued willingness and ability to perform their obligations under their respective contracts. In the event one of our significant customer fails to perform its obligations under their contracts, our operating results, cash flow and liquidity could be materially and adversely affected, even if we were ultimately successful in seeking damages from any of these customers in the event of a breach of the contract. For the year ended December 31, 2024, Carnival Corporation and Aggreko Plc each accounted for more than 10% of our revenues.
Any material nonpayment or nonperformance by our customers could have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Risks of nonpayment and nonperformance by customers are a consideration in our businesses, and our credit procedures and policies may be inadequate to sufficiently eliminate customer credit risk. As part of our business strategy, we intend to target customers who have not been traditional purchasers of natural gas, including customers in developing countries, and these customers may have greater credit risk than typical natural gas purchasers. Therefore, we may request prepayments in advance for purchasing LNG or our services for certain customers that pose a greater customer credit risk than other companies in the industry. Further, adverse economic conditions in the energy industry increase the risk of nonpayment and nonperformance by customers, particularly customers that have sub-investment grade credit ratings or significant counterparty risks. Finally, we may be unable to collect amounts due or damages we are awarded from certain customers, and our efforts to collect such amounts may damage our customer relationships.
Finally, our customer contracts contain various termination rights, including, without limitation:
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for no cause by giving notice as agreed in the contract;
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upon the occurrence of certain events of force majeure;
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if we fail to make available specified scheduled cargo quantities;
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upon the occurrence of certain uncured payment defaults;
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upon the occurrence of an insolvency event;
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upon the occurrence of certain uncured, material breaches; and
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if we fail to commence commercial operations within the agreed timeframes.
Contracts that we enter into in the future may contain similar provisions. If any of these current or future contracts with significant customers are terminated, such termination could have a material adverse effect on our business, contracts, financial condition, operating results, cash flows, liquidity and ability to execute our strategy.
Raising additional capital may cause dilution to our stockholders or restrict our operations.
We expect to finance our cash needs through a combination of equity offerings and debt financings. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership interest of common stock holders will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of common stockholders. Debt financing and preferred equity financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends. We cannot be certain that additional funding will be available on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are unable to raise additional funds when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or future commercialization efforts.
Our common stock is thinly traded with a limited market and volatile.
There is currently a limited public market for our common stock. Holders of our common stock may, therefore, have difficulty selling their shares, should they decide to do so. The market price of our shares may not necessarily bear any relationship to our book value, assets, past operating results, financial condition or any other established criteria of value, and may not be indicative of the market price for our common stock in the future. Further, the purchase or sale of relatively small common stock positions may result in disproportionately large increases or decreases in the price of our common stock. There can be no assurance that a more active market for our common stock will develop, or if one should develop, that it will be sustained. There can be no assurances that any shares which are purchased will be sold without incurring a loss.
In addition to being thinly traded, market prices for securities of energy producers, distributors and other businesses in the energy generation and distribution industry have been particularly volatile. Factors that may cause the market price of our common stock to fluctuate include, but are not limited to:
•
period-to-period fluctuations in our financial results from current and any future business operations;
•
issues in developing and expanding our LNG infrastructure and facilities, and service and delivery operations;
•
our ability to obtain regulatory approvals for LNG business expansions, and delays or failures to obtain such approvals;
•
the entry into, or termination of, key agreements, including key commercial partner agreements;
•
the initiation of, material developments in, or conclusion of litigation to enforce or defend any of our rights under our material contracts or defend against the rights of others;
•
the introduction of technological innovations or new energy products or methods of distribution that compete with our potential products;
•
the loss of key employees;
•
changes in estimates or recommendations by securities analysts, if any, who cover our common stock;
•
fluctuations in actual and anticipated future commodity prices; and
•
general and industry-specific economic conditions that may affect our research and development expenditures.
In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, stockholders have often instituted class action securities litigation against those companies. Such litigation, if instituted, could result in substantial costs and diversion of management attention and resources, which could significantly harm our profitability and reputation. Our insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover all costs and damages.
We are a “smaller reporting company” and, as a result of the reduced disclosure and governance requirements applicable to smaller reporting companies, our common stock may be less attractive to investors.
We are a “smaller reporting company,” within the meaning of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). As a “smaller reporting company,” we are subject to lesser disclosure obligations in our SEC filings compared to other issuers. Specifically, “smaller reporting companies” are able to provide simplified executive compensation disclosures in their filings, are exempt from the provisions of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requiring that independent registered public accounting firms provide an attestation report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, and have certain other decreased disclosure obligations in their SEC filings, including, among other things, only being required to provide two years of audited financial statements in annual reports. Decreased disclosures in our SEC filings due to our status a “smaller reporting company” may make it harder for investors to analyze our operating results and financial ability to execute our strategy and make our common stock less attractive to investors. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock, and our stock price may be more volatile.
J. Casey Crenshaw has voting control over our Company.
As of December 31, 2024, J. Casey Crenshaw has beneficial ownership of 71.3% of the outstanding shares of our common stock. As a result, Mr. Crenshaw may control all matters that require stockholder approval, as well as our management and affairs. For example, Mr. Crenshaw may unilaterally approve the election of directors and any merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets. This concentration of ownership makes it unlikely that any other holder or group of holders of our common stock will be able to affect the way the Company is managed or the direction of its business. Mr. Crenshaw’s interests with respect to matters potentially or actually involving or affecting the Company, such as future acquisitions, financings and other corporate opportunities and attempts to acquire the Company, may conflict with the interests of our other stockholders. This concentration of ownership control may:
•
delay, defer or prevent a change in control;
•
entrench management;
•
involve related party transactions we cannot assure you will be in the best interest of the stockholders;
•
impede a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business combination involving the company that other stockholders may desire; or
•
exempt us from certain corporate governance requirements that provide protection to stockholders of other public companies.
This concentration of stock ownership may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock to the extent investors perceive a disadvantage in owning stock of a company with a significant stockholder.
In addition to Mr. Crenshaw’s ability to control all matters that require stockholder approval, provisions in our corporate charter documents and under Florida law could make an acquisition of the Company, which may be beneficial to stockholders, more difficult and may prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management.
Provisions in our corporate charter and bylaws may discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or other change in control of our Company that stockholders may consider favorable, including transactions in which our stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares. These provisions could also limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock, thereby depressing the market price of our common stock. In addition, because the Board of Directors is responsible for appointing the members of our management team, these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by stockholders to replace or remove the current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of the Board of Directors. Among other things, these provisions:
•
allow the authorized number of our directors to be fixed only by resolution of our Board of Directors;
•
establish advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals that can be acted on at stockholder meetings and nominations to our Board of Directors;
•
require that stockholder actions must be effected at a duly called stockholder meeting or by our stockholders by written consent of the holders of over 50% of the votes that all our stockholders would be entitled to cast;
•
authorize our Board of Directors to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval, which could be used to institute a shareholder rights plan, or so-called “poison pill,” that would work to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile acquirer, effectively preventing acquisitions that have not been approved by our Board of Directors;
•
require the proposal of our Board of Directors and the approval of the holders of over 50% of the votes that all our stockholders would be entitled to cast to amend our charter; and
•
require the approval of the holders of over 50% of the votes that all our stockholders would be entitled to cast to amend our bylaws.
Moreover, because we are incorporated in Florida, we are governed by the provisions of Section 607.0901 and 607.0902 of the Florida Business Corporation Act. In general, Section 607.0901 regulates certain transactions between a corporation and an “interested shareholder,” one who beneficially owns more than ten percent of the corporation’s outstanding voting shares. The statute provides significant protection to minority shareholders by assuring that the transactions covered by the statute are either (a) procedurally fair (i.e., the transaction is approved by disinterested directors or disinterested shareholders) or (b) substantively fair (i.e., result in a fair price to the shareholders).
In general, Section 607.0902 focuses on the acquisition of “control shares” in an issuing public corporation. When control shares are acquired in a “control share acquisition,” the shares do not have voting rights. Voting rights may be restored only if the bidder files an acquiring person statement and requests a shareholder meeting to vote on whether the bidder’s shares should be accorded voting rights. Voting rights are restored only to the extent approved by the disinterested shareholders (which excludes both the bidder and management shareholders). Alternatively, the bidder’s shares will have voting rights if the acquisition is approved by the target company’s board of directors. As a result, mergers or other takeover or change in control attempts of us may be discouraged or prevented.
We do not anticipate that we will pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
The current expectation is that for the foreseeable future, we will retain our future earnings to fund the development and growth of our business. Any payment of future dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on, among other things, our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements, level of indebtedness, statutory and contractual restrictions applying to the payment of dividends and other considerations that the Board of Directors deems relevant. Further, we are required to obtain prior approval for payment of dividends from our lenders as part of our financial covenants with both our secured term loan with AmeriState Bank and our revolving credit agreement with Cadence Bank. As a result, capital appreciation, if any, of our common stock will be the sole source of gain, if any, for any stockholders for the foreseeable future.
Our Chinese joint venture, BOMAY, has a limited life and is subject to risk that it may not be renewed.
We hold a 40% interest in BOMAY Electric Industries Company, Ltd. (“BOMAY”), which builds electrical systems for sale in China. The majority partner in this foreign joint venture is Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co., Ltd. (a subsidiary of China National Petroleum Corporation), who owns 51%. The remaining 9% is owned by AA Energies, Inc. Our joint venture, BOMAY, has a finite life that is set to terminate in 2028. The joint venture may be terminated earlier for valid business reasons including force majeure. In the event the joint venture is to be terminated, either party may acquire the other parties’ interests and continue the operations of the joint venture. Additionally, the term of the joint venture may be extended upon agreement of all parties subject to approval from the relevant Chinese authority six months before expiration of the venture. At this time, Stabilis has no indication that the joint venture will not be extended; however, U.S. and Chinese political relations are strained and we can provide no assurance that such an extension will occur. The balance of our investment in BOMAY at December 31, 2024 was $11.7 million accounted for using the equity method of accounting and is subject to risk. See Note 7 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion or our investment in BOMAY.
General Risk Factors
Weakened global macro-economic and geopolitical conditions may adversely affect our industry, ability to access capital, business and results of operations.
Our overall performance depends in part on worldwide macro-economic and geopolitical conditions. The United States has experienced cyclical downturns from time to time in which economic activity was impacted by falling demand for a variety of goods and services, restricted credit, poor liquidity, reduced corporate profitability, volatility in credit, equity and foreign exchange markets, bankruptcies and overall uncertainty with respect to the economy. These global macro-economic conditions can suddenly arise and the full impact of such conditions can remain uncertain. In addition, geopolitical developments, such as existing and potential trade wars and other events beyond our control, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, can increase levels of political and economic unpredictability globally and increase the volatility of global financial markets. Weakened global macro-economic conditions could cause the demand for and price of our products to decrease. In addition, restricted credit conditions could limit our ability to access capital on favorable terms, if at all. A deterioration in the macro-economic could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations and liquidity.
The impact of potential tariffs proposed by the Trump administration is uncertain.
The Trump administration has proposed tariffs on goods imported from other countries including Mexico. The extent, duration and impact of such tariffs are uncertain at this time. It is also possible that tariffs imposed by the U.S. on foreign imports may potentially be reciprocated with tariffs imposed by other countries on exports of U.S. goods and services into that country. The Company sources all of its natural gas used as feedstock in its liquefaction facilities and purchases most of its LNG acquired from third parties from U.S. sources. Deliveries of LNG within Mexico can be sourced from both U.S. and from third parties within Mexico; however, increased tariffs could also limit foreign opportunities and decrease economic viability of sources of natural gas as well as have more general economic impacts of increasing costs, weakening demand and inflation.
Increased inflation or periods of prolonged inflation may adversely impact the economy, our industry and results of operations.
While we pass a significant portion of the cost of natural gas and transportation on to our customers, we are not able to pass through all costs. No assurances can be made about future price trends, and the ultimate extent and effects of these impacts are difficult to estimate; however, continued periods of increasing costs could adversely impact our future results and operating cash flows.
The spread of a new contagious illness such as COVID-19 or resurgence of a COVID-19 variant, may adversely affect our business, operations and financial condition.
The responses of governmental authorities and companies across the world to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced global economic activity. Various containment measures resulted in the slowing of economic growth, reduced demand for crude oil and natural gas and the disruption of global manufacturing supply chains. The impacts of a new contagious illness similar to COVID-19 or resurgence of a new COVID-19 variant remain unknown, but may include, among others:
•
deterioration of worldwide, regional or national economic conditions and activity, which could create temporary or sustained low energy prices, or adversely affect global demand for LNG and natural gas;
•
disruptions to our operations as a result of the potential health impact on our employees and crew, and on the workforces of our customers and business partners;
•
potential reduced cash flows and financial condition, including potential liquidity constraints;
•
negative impact on the credit worthiness of our customers and contractual counterparties;
•
reduced access to capital, including the ability to refinance any existing obligations, as a result of any credit tightening generally or due to continued declines in global financial markets;
•
disruptions, delays or cancellations in the construction of new LNG and natural gas projects, which could limit or adversely affect our ability to pursue future growth opportunities; and
•
potential deterioration in the financial condition and ability to deliver LNG to our customers or joint venture partners, or attempts by customers or third parties to invoke force majeure contractual clauses as a result of delays or other disruptions.
Our facilities in George West, Texas and Port Allen, Louisiana, and our 40% interest in BOMAY are critical infrastructure and continued to operate during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the event another contagious illness similar to COVID-19 were to create another pandemic, we expect that we would continue to operate which means that we would be required to keep our employees who operate our facilities safe and minimize unnecessary risk of exposure to the illness. In the past, we have taken and continue to take certain precautionary measures to protect the continued safety and welfare of our employees who continue to work at our facilities which include the modification of certain business and workforce practices and work from home policies where appropriate. These measures were taken to prevent an outbreak at our facilities but may result in increased costs. Further, if a large number of our employees in those critical facilities were to contract a contagious disease at the same time, our operations could be adversely affected.
A cyber incident could result in information theft, data corruption, operational disruption, operational delays and/or financial loss.
Our business has become increasingly dependent on digital technologies to conduct day-to-day operations. We depend on digital technology to manage our operations and other business processes and to record financial, operating and other sensitive data. Our business partners, including vendors, customers and financial institutions, are also dependent on digital technology. Our technologies, systems networks, and those of our business partners, may become the target of cyber-attacks or information security breaches that could result in the disruption of our business operations. As cyber threats continue to evolve, we may be required to expend significant additional resources to continue to modify or enhance our protective measures or to investigate and remediate any cyber vulnerabilities. A cyber incident could lead to losses of sensitive information, critical infrastructure, personnel, or capabilities essential to our operations and could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.
From time to time, we may be involved in legal proceedings and may experience unfavorable outcomes.
In the future we may be subject to material legal proceedings in the course of our business, including, but not limited to, actions relating to contract disputes, business practices, intellectual property and other commercial and tax matters. Such legal proceedings may involve claims for substantial amounts of money or for other relief or might necessitate changes to our business or operations, and the defense of such actions may be both time consuming and expensive. Further, if any such proceedings were to result in an unfavorable outcome, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.
We will continue to incur costs and demands upon management as a result of complying with the laws and regulations affecting public companies.
We incur and will continue to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses, including costs associated with public company reporting requirements. We also incur costs associated with corporate governance requirements, including requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC. These rules and regulations increase our legal and financial compliance costs and make some activities more time-consuming and costly. These rules and regulations may also make it difficult and expensive for us to obtain directors’ and officers’ liability insurance. As a result, it may be more difficult to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve on our Board of Directors or as executive officers, which may adversely affect investor confidence in us and could cause our business or stock price to suffer.
If we fail to maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting, our operating results and our ability to operate our business could be harmed.
Ensuring that we have adequate internal financial and accounting controls and procedures in place so that we can produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis is a costly and time-consuming effort that needs to be re-evaluated frequently. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
In addition, we are required to be compliant with public company internal control requirements mandated under Section 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and we may become subject to the requirements of Section 404b of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act at some future date. We are implementing measures designed to improve our internal controls over financial reporting, including the hiring of accounting personnel and establishing new accounting and financial reporting procedures to establish an appropriate level of internal controls over financial reporting. Implementing any appropriate changes to our internal controls may distract our officers and employees, entail substantial costs to modify existing processes and take significant time to complete. These changes may not, however, be effective in maintaining the adequacy of our internal controls, and any failure to maintain that adequacy, or consequent inability to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis, could increase operating costs and harm the business. In addition, investors’ perceptions that our internal controls are inadequate or that we are unable to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis may harm our stock price.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The corporate headquarters of Stabilis are located at 11750 Katy Freeway, Suite 900, Houston, TX 77079. Stabilis leases its general office space at its corporate headquarters from a related party, on a month-to-month basis.
Stabilis or its subsidiaries currently own or lease the following principal properties:
Facility Location
Use
Size
Leased or Owned
Expiration of Lease
Houston, TX
Office
8,583 sq. ft.
Leased
Month to month
Monterrey, Mexico
Office
1,888 sq. ft.
Leased
August 14, 2027
George West, TX
LNG Plant
3,400 sq. ft. on 31.04 acres
Owned
N/A
Port Allen, LA
LNG Plant
2,400 sq. ft. on 18.98 acres
Owned
N/A
The Company also leases marine bunkering staging sites in Texas on a short term basis to support operations. We believe that our existing facilities are adequate for our operations and their locations allow us to efficiently serve our customers.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company becomes involved in various legal proceedings and claims in the normal course of business. In management’s opinion, the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations.
See Note 13 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of our commitments and contingencies and any outstanding legal matters.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
None.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.
Market Information
Our common stock trades under the symbol “SLNG” on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC.
The Company did not declare or pay cash dividends on common shares in either fiscal year 2024 and 2023. The Company anticipates that, for the foreseeable future, it will retain any earnings for use in the operations of its business.
Holders
As of February 25, 2025, we had 26 holders of record of our common stock and 18,596,301 shares of common stock outstanding, based on information provided by our transfer agent.
Equity Compensation Plan
The information relating to the Company's equity compensation plans required by Item 5 is included in Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters contained herein.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Item 6. RESERVED
Not applicable.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K. Historical results and percentage relationships set forth in the consolidated statements of operations and cash flows, including trends that might appear, are not necessarily indicative of future operations or cash flows.
OVERVIEW
Stabilis Solutions, Inc. and its subsidiaries is an energy transition company that provides turnkey clean energy production, storage, transportation and fueling solutions primarily using liquefied natural gas (“LNG”) to multiple end markets. We provide LNG solutions to customers in diverse end markets, including aerospace, agriculture, energy, industrial, marine bunkering, mining, pipeline, remote power and utility markets. LNG can be used to deliver natural gas to locations where pipeline service is unavailable, has been interrupted, or needs to be supplemented. LNG can also be used to replace a variety of fuels, including distillate fuel oil, such as diesel and marine gas oil, and propane, among others, to provide environmental and economic benefits. Increasingly, LNG is being utilized as a transportation fuel in the marine industry and as a propellant in the private rocket launch sector. We believe that these fuel markets are large and provide significant opportunities for LNG usage.
The Company generates revenue by selling and delivering LNG to our customers, renting cryogenic equipment and providing engineering and field support services. We sell our products and services separately or as a bundle depending on the customer’s needs. Pricing depends on market pricing for natural gas and competing fuel sources (such as diesel, fuel oil, and propane among others), as well as the customer’s purchased volume, contract duration and credit profile.
LNG Production and Sales-Stabilis builds and operates cryogenic natural gas processing facilities, called “liquefiers,” which convert natural gas into LNG through a purification and multiple stage cooling process. We currently own and operate a liquefier that can produce up to 100,000 LNG gallons per day in George West, Texas and a liquefier that can produce up to 30,000 LNG gallons per day in Port Allen, Louisiana. We also purchase LNG from third-party production sources which allows us to support customers in markets where we do not own liquefiers. We make the determination of LNG and transportation supply sources based on the cost of LNG, the transportation cost to deliver to regional customer locations, and the reliability of the supply source. Revenues earned from the production and sales of LNG are included within LNG Product revenue.
Transportation and Logistics Services-Stabilis offers our customers a “virtual natural gas pipeline” by providing turnkey LNG transportation and logistics services in North America. We deliver LNG to our customers’ work sites from both our own production facilities and our network of third-party production sources located throughout North America. We own a fleet of cryogenic trailers to transport and deliver LNG. We also outsource similar equipment and transportation services from qualified third-party providers as required to support our customer base. Revenues earned from the transportation and logistical services of LNG to our customers are included within LNG Product revenue.
Cryogenic Equipment Rental-Stabilis operates a fleet of mobile LNG storage and vaporization assets, including: transportation trailers, electric and gas-fired vaporizers, ambient vaporizers, storage tanks, and mobile vehicle fuelers. We also own several stationary storage and regasification assets. We believe this is one of the largest fleets of small-scale LNG equipment in North America. Our fleet consists primarily of trailer-mounted mobile assets, making delivery to and between customer locations more efficient. We deploy these assets on job sites to provide our customers with the equipment required to transport, store, and consume LNG in their operations. Revenues earned from cryogenic equipment rental are included within Rental revenue.
Engineering and Field Support Services-Stabilis has experience in the safe, cost effective, and reliable use of LNG in multiple customer applications. We have also developed many processes and procedures that we believe improve our customers’ use of LNG in their operations. Our engineers help our customers design and integrate LNG into their operations and our field service technicians help our customers mobilize, commission and reliably operate on the job site. Revenues earned from engineering and field support services are included within Service revenue.
U.S. Department of Energy ("DOE") Approval to Export LNG
In the third quarter of 2022, Stabilis received authorization from the DOE to export domestically produced LNG to all free trade ("FTA") and non-free trade ("non-FTA") countries, for up to 51.75 billion cubic feet per year (or approximately 1.0 MTPA) of natural gas equivalent. The authorization is for shipments of LNG and is for a term of 28 years with a remaining term of approximately 26 years under this authorization. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has met the initial time requirement to initiate exports to non-FTA countries. In 2024, we delivered LNG to Europe under this authorization. For exports to FTA countries, the Company has five years from the date it received the authorization with which to initiate exportation of LNG.
The DOE authorization received during the third quarter of 2022 supplements the Company's other existing export license from the DOE, which authorizes the Company to import and export LNG from and to Canada and Mexico, via truck. In 2024, we delivered LNG to Mexico under this authorization.
Revolving Credit Facility
The Company maintains a three-year revolving credit facility with Cadence Bank for a maximum aggregate amount of $10 million, which expires in June 2026. The Company may request an increase in the maximum aggregate amount by up to $5 million, subject to the approval by Cadence Bank. All borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility are secured by the Company's accounts receivable and deposit accounts, subject to a borrowing base of 80% of eligible accounts receivable. The revolving credit facility provides additional sources of liquidity, if needed, to fund additional capital expenditures and/or bridge short-term liquidity needs for new contracts. See also Note 9 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of our revolving credit facility.
Acquisition of Additional Liquefaction Assets
During the second quarter of 2023, the Company acquired the key components of a 100,000 LNG gallon per day liquefaction train for $6.0 million. During 2024, the Company installed four storage tanks acquired in this transaction at its liquefaction facility in George West, Texas. The Company is currently evaluating the best alternatives for installation of the remaining assets into its operations.
Customer Contracts within our New and Expanding Markets for LNG
The Company expects that LNG demand for marine fuel will increase as marine vessels that use LNG as the primary fuel of choice are delivered to vessel fleets and commence routine operations. During the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company entered into a marine bunkering contract with a cruise industry customer to deliver an estimated 22 million gallons of LNG per year. Additionally, the Company expects that LNG demand will increase to support anticipated increased commercial rocket launch activity. Stabilis is positioned to remain a key supplier of LNG as propellant and has contracts to supply high-purity propellant to two commercial space exploration companies.
Customer Contracts - Supporting Energy Grid Resiliency
The Company continues to provide LNG for peak load, intermittent, and emergency relief power across multiple industries. During 2024, the Company secured the extension of its LNG supply agreement with a leading global provider of on-demand industrial power solutions to provide turnkey production and last mile delivery of up to 9.5 million gallons of LNG to generate roughly 23 megawatt-hours of grid resiliency power in support of communities along the Gulf Coast through May 2025.
Management Transition
Effective January 31, 2025, the Company entered into a release and consulting agreement with Westervelt T. Ballard, Jr. (formerly the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer) pursuant to which the Company and Mr. Ballard mutually agreed to terminate his employment as President and Chief Executive Officer and Mr. Ballard transitioned to a consultant of the Company. Additionally, Mr. Ballard voluntarily resigned as a member of the Company’s Board of Directors. Concurrent with Mr. Ballard's departure, the Company appointed the Company’s Chairman of the Board, J. Casey Crenshaw, as its Executive Chairman, and interim President and Chief Executive Officer. See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 17 - Subsequent Events, for additional discussion related to Mr. Ballard's departure and Mr. Crenshaw's expanded role.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The comparative tables below reflect our consolidated operating results for the year ended December 31, 2024 (the “Current Year”) as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023 (the “Prior Year”) (amounts in thousands, except for percentages).
Consolidated Results
Year Ended December 31,
$ Change
% Change
Revenues:
LNG Product
$ 57,351
$ 58,517
$ (1,166 )
(2.0 )%
Increase / (decrease) in gallons delivered
8,165
Rental
7,273
6,210
1,063
17.1
Service
7,436
6,886
8.0
Other
1,233
1,501
(268 )
(17.9 )
Total revenues
73,293
73,114
0.2
Operating expenses:
Costs of revenues
52,069
54,919
(2,850 )
(5.2 )
Change in unrealized loss (gain) on natural gas derivatives
(310 )
(541 )
(42.7 )
Selling, general and administrative expenses
11,763
12,893
(1,130 )
(8.8 )
Gain from disposal of fixed assets
(761 )
(1,223 )
(37.8 )
Depreciation expense
7,146
7,878
(732 )
(9.3 )
Total operating expenses
69,907
73,926
(4,019 )
(5.4 )
Income (loss) from operations before equity income
3,386
(812 )
4,198
(517.0 )
Net equity income from foreign joint venture operations
1,564
1,691
(127 )
(7.5 )
Income from operations
4,950
4,071
463.1
Other income (expense):
Interest income (expense), net
(256 )
(143.8 )
Interest expense, net - related parties
-
(78 )
(100.0 )
Other income (expense)
(176 )
(112.5 )
Total other income (expense)
(510 )
(126.3 )
Net income before income tax expense
5,084
4,715
1,277.8
Income tax expense
98.8
Net income
$ 4,599
$
$ 4,474
3579.2 %
Revenue
During the Current Year revenues increased $0.2 million, or 0.2%, compared to the Prior Year. The increase in revenues primarily related to:
•
Increased LNG delivered to customers of 8.2 million gallons during the Current Year compared to the Prior Year, resulting in an increase in revenue of $8.7 million;
•
Increased customer pricing during the Current Year compared to the Prior Year, resulting in an increase in revenue of $2.3 million;
•
Increased rental and service revenues during the Current Year compared to the Prior Year, resulting in an increase in revenue of $1.6 million;
•
The above increases were offset by a decrease in natural gas prices during the Current Year compared to the Prior Year, resulting in a reduction in revenue of $7.2 million; and
•
Decreased revenues from minimum take-or-pay contracts of $5.0 million and a decrease in other revenues of $0.2 million.
Operating Expenses
Costs of revenues. Cost of revenues decreased $2.9 million, or 5.2%, in the Current Year compared to the Prior Year. As a percentage of revenue, these costs were 71.0% and 75.1% in the Current Year and the Prior Year, respectively. The decrease in cost of revenues was attributable to:
•
Decreased natural gas prices during the Current Year compared to the Prior Year, resulting in decreased costs of revenues of $8.5 million;
•
Decreased minimum take-or-pay costs of $1.4 million;
•
A decrease in service and rental costs of $0.9 million during the Current Year compared to the Prior Year related to reduced travel and labor costs;
•
The above decreases were partially offset by increased LNG delivered to customers of 8.2 million gallons during the Current Year compared to the Prior Year, resulting in increased costs of revenues of $6.5 million; and
•
Increased liquefaction and transportation costs from increased third party purchases, resulting in higher costs and further transport distances during the Current Year compared to the Prior Year, resulting in increased costs of revenues of $1.4﻿ million.
Change in unrealized loss (gain) on natural gas derivatives. The Company incurred a gain of $0.3 million on the change in unrealized losses associated with the Company's natural gas derivatives in the Current Year compared to a gain of $0.5 million in the Prior Year. The gains in both periods were due to offsetting amortization of realized losses as call option volumes expired unexercised. See Note 4 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a further discussion of our derivatives.
Selling, general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative expense decreased $1.1 million, or 8.8%, during the Current Year as compared to the Prior Year primarily due to decreased incentive compensation and personnel costs, including lower stock-based compensation expense.
Gain on the disposal of fixed assets. The Company recorded a gain on the disposal of fixed assets of $0.8 million in the Current Year from the sale of various assets which included vaporizers and storage tanks primarily to customers on their sites. Gain on the disposal of fixed assets of $1.2 million was recognized in the Prior Year related to proceeds received on an insurance settlement pertaining to certain assets damaged in a fire in June of 2023 and from a settlement received for a damaged trailer.
Depreciation. Depreciation expense in the Current Year decreased $0.7 million compared to the Prior Year due to assets reaching the end of their depreciable lives.
Net Equity Income From Foreign Joint Ventures' Operations. Income from investments in foreign joint ventures decreased by $0.1 million, or 7.5%, in the Current Year compared to the Prior Year primarily due to lower earnings in China.
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income (expense), net. Interest expense, net decreased by $0.4 million in the Current Year primarily due to the Company's interest income on its cash balances and capitalized interest in the Current Year compared to the Prior Year. Additionally, lower debt service was incurred on lower debt balances in the Current Year.
Interest expense, net - related parties. Related party interest expense decreased $0.1 million during the Current Year as compared to the Prior Year due to the pay off of the debt owed to MG Finance Co., Ltd. ("MG Finance"), a related party, in December of the Prior Year.
Other income (expense). Other expense was lower in the Current Year compared to the Prior Year, related to foreign exchange transactions.
Income tax expense. The Company incurred state and foreign income tax expense of $0.5 million during the Current Year primarily related to state income taxes owed from operating income and foreign taxes paid in connection with the cash dividend received from our BOMAY joint venture. The Company incurred state income and foreign tax expense of $0.2 million in the Prior Year. No U.S. federal income tax expense was recorded for the Current Year or Prior Year as the Company had sufficient deferred tax assets to offset any U.S. federal taxes which were fully offset by a change in the Company's valuation allowance on utilized deferred tax assets.
SEASONALITY AND INFLATION
Seasonality
We did not experience significant variations in volume of LNG delivered to our customers resulting from seasonal variations during 2024. However, our revenues are susceptible to variations due to changes in the price of natural gas. The price of natural gas can fluctuate at any time during the year due to isolated factors, but generally, natural gas prices tend to be higher in peak winter and peak summer months when heating and cooling demand is seasonally higher.
Inflation
The Company continued to experience inflationary pressure during 2024. Specifically, costs for fuel, repairs, maintenance, electricity, wages for skilled labor and insurance continue to increase. We have responded with increasing our pricing to our customers. While we pass a significant portion of the cost of natural gas and transportation on to our customers, we are not able to pass through all costs. No assurances can be made about future price trends; the ultimate extent and effects of these impacts are difficult to estimate; however, continued periods of increasing costs could adversely impact our future results and operating cash flows.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Historically, our principal sources of liquidity have consisted of cash provided by our operations, cash on hand, proceeds received from borrowings under the AmeriState Loan described below and distributions from our BOMAY joint venture. In prior years, the Company also obtained debt financing from MG Finance, a related party, which was paid in full as of December 31, 2023. During 2024, our principal sources of liquidity were cash provided from our operations, our existing cash balances and distributions from our BOMAY joint venture. The Company used cash flows generated from operations to invest in fixed assets and increased working capital to support growth as well as to pay interest and principal amounts outstanding under our debt agreements.
On June 9, 2023, the Company, along with its subsidiaries, Stabilis LNG Eagle Ford LLC, Stabilis GDS, Inc. and Stabilis LNG Port Allen, LLC (collectively, the “Borrowers”) entered into a three-year loan agreement (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) with Cadence Bank. The Revolving Credit Facility provides for a maximum aggregate amount of $10.0 million, subject to a borrowing base of 80% of eligible accounts receivable. The Company may request an increase in the maximum aggregate amount under the Revolving Credit Facility by up to $5.0 million, subject to the approval of Cadence Bank. All borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility are secured by the Borrowers’ accounts receivable and deposit accounts. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility incur interest at the Prime Rate published by the Wall Street Journal. Any unused portion is subject to a quarterly unused commitment fee of 0.5% per annum. As of December 31, 2024, no amounts have been drawn under the Revolving Credit Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility matures on June 9, 2026. The Revolving Credit Facility contains various restrictions and covenants. As of December 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all its covenants related to the Revolving Credit Facility.
As of December 31, 2024, we had $9.0 million in cash and cash equivalents on hand and $9.3 million in outstanding debt (net of debt issuance costs) and lease obligations (of which $2.4 million is due in 2025). The Company has total availability under the Revolving Credit Facility and the AmeriState Secured Term Loan Facility of $4.3 million at December 31, 2024. The Company had no draw downs on the Revolving Credit Facility during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company has also filed a shelf registration statement (described below) which provides the Company the flexibility to raise capital to fund working capital requirements, repay debt and/or fund future transactions.
The Company is subject to substantial business risks and uncertainties inherent in the LNG industry and there is no assurance that the Company will be able to generate sufficient cash flows in the future to sustain itself or to support future growth. Management believes the business will generate sufficient cash flows from its operations along with availability under the Company's debt agreements to fund the business for the next twelve months. As we continue to grow, management continues to evaluate additional financing alternatives, however, there is no guarantee that additional financing will be available or available at terms that would be beneficial to shareholders.
Cash Flows
Cash flows provided by (used in) our operating, investing and financing activities are summarized below (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities
$ 13,693
$ 6,712
Investing activities
(8,120 )
(8,910 )
Financing activities
(1,914 )
(3,884 )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
(46 )
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
3,613
(6,077 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
5,374
11,451
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
$ 8,987
$ 5,374
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $13.7 million and $6.7 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities of $7.0 million as compared to the Prior Year was primarily attributable to the increase in net income, improved collections and reduced payments of accounts payable and accrued liabilities compared to the Prior Year.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities totaled $8.1 million and $8.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. In both the Current Year and the Prior Year, cash used in investing was primarily for the acquisition of liquefaction assets and their subsequent deployment. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, proceeds received from the disposal of assets were $0.8 million and $1.3 million, respectively.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities totaled $1.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 compared to $3.9 million for 2023. Cash used in financing activities in both years was primarily attributable to the repayment of debt. The decrease in cash used by financing activities compared to the Prior Year is due to a secured promissory note to MG Finance that was paid in full in the Prior Year. No draws on the AmeriState Bank or Revolving Credit Facility were made in the Current Year.
Shelf Registration Statement
On April 11, 2022, the Company filed a registration statement on Form S-3 (the "Shelf Registration") which was declared effective on April 26, 2022 and will permit the Company to issue up to $100.0 million in either common stock, preferred stock, warrants or a combination of the above, and gives the Company the flexibility to raise capital to fund working capital requirements, repay debt and/or fund future transactions. On December 16, 2022, the Company filed a prospectus supplement to the Shelf Registration that allows the Company to sell and issue shares of common stock directly to the public "at the market" as permitted in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. As a smaller reporting company, we are subject to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3, which limits the amounts that we may sell under the Shelf Registration to no more than one-third of our public float in any twelve month period as measured in accordance with such instruction. There is no assurance that we will be able to raise capital pursuant to the Shelf Registration on acceptable terms or at all. We made no issuances under the Shelf Registration during the year ended December 31, 2024. The current Shelf Registration expires April 25, 2025.
Future Cash Requirements
Uses of Liquidity and Capital Resources
We require cash to fund our operating expenses and working capital requirements, including costs associated with fuel sales, capital expenditures, debt repayments, equipment purchases, maintenance of LNG production facilities, mergers and acquisitions (if any), pursuing market expansion, supporting sales and marketing activities and other general corporate purposes. While we believe we have sufficient liquidity and capital resources to fund our operations and repay our debt, we may elect to pursue additional financing activities such as refinancing existing debt, obtaining new debt, or debt or equity offerings to provide flexibility with our cash management. Certain of these alternatives may require the consent of current lenders or stockholders, and there is no assurance that we will be able to execute any of these alternatives on acceptable terms or at all. Additionally, the Company may pursue additional expansion activities to increase its liquefaction capabilities. Such an effort, if pursued, would require additional liquidity from other sources either from the sales of debt or equity securities, additional capital investment from new owners or joint venture partners, or any combination of the above. The Company has made no expansion commitments to date. In the event, the Company does pursue expansion in the near term, there is no assurance that the Company will be able to secure additional liquidity on favorable terms or at all.
Capital Expenditures
Future capital expenditures will be dependent upon value-adding investment opportunities as well as the availability of additional capital at favorable terms which is difficult to predict. At December 31, 2024, we had open purchase orders with approximately $1.0 million related to capital expenditures.
Debt Level and Debt Compliance
We had total indebtedness, excluding leases, of $9.2 million ($8.9 million, net of debt issuance costs of $0.3 million) as of December 31, 2024. Expected maturities excluding debt issuance costs at December 31, 2024 are as follows (in thousands).
$ 2,010
1,188
1,258
1,332
1,411
Thereafter
1,969
Total long-term debt, including current maturities and excluding debt issuance costs
$ 9,168
We expect our total interest payment obligations relating to the above indebtedness to be approximately $0.5 million for the year ending December 31, 2025. Certain of the agreements governing our outstanding debt, which are discussed in Note 9 of our Consolidated Financial Statements, require compliance with certain financial covenants. As of December 31, 2024, we were in compliance with all of these covenants.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
We are committed to make cash payments in the future pursuant to certain of our contracts. The following table summarizes certain contractual obligations in place as of December 31, 2024 (in thousands):
Payments Due By Period
Total
Thereafter
Term Loan to AmeriState Bank (1)
$ 8,285
$ 1,127
$ 1,188
$ 1,258
$ 1,332
$ 1,411
$ 1,969
Interest - AmeriState Bank (1)
1,614
Finance Lease Obligations
-
-
-
-
-
Operating Lease Obligations
-
-
-
Insurance note payable
-
-
-
-
-
Total
$ 11,267
$ 2,841
$ 1,630
$ 1,609
$ 1,569
$ 1,569
$ 2,049
(1)
Obligation with AmeriState Bank to provide for an advancing term loan facility for working capital needs for our LNG liquefaction plant in Texas in the aggregate principal amount of up to $10.0 million. The term loan facility matures on April 8, 2031 and bears interest at 5.75% per annum through April 8, 2026, and the U.S. prime lending rate plus 2.5% per annum thereafter.
See additional discussion of our debt and lease obligations in Notes 9 and 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Contingencies
In the normal course of our business, we become involved in various litigation matters. In addition, from time to time we are involved in tax and other disputes with various government agencies. Management has used estimates in determining our potential exposure to these matters and has recorded reserves in our financial statements related thereto as appropriate. It is possible that a change in estimate related to these exposures could occur, but we do not expect such changes in the estimated costs would have a material effect on our business, consolidated financial position or results of operations. See Note 13 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of our contingencies.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of December 31, 2024, we had no transactions that met the definition of off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, cash requirements or capital resources.
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
See Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information related to new accounting standards.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities known to exist at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Critical accounting policies are those policies that the Company believes are the most important to the portrayal of the Company's financial condition and results, and require difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain. We evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis, based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ from those estimates. The Company has identified the following critical accounting policies as they require significant judgments, estimates or are inherently complex.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue from our contracts in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), Topic 606 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“Topic 606”). Topic 606 requires entities to recognize revenue in a way that depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Our contracts may contain multiple performance obligations dependent upon the customer.
The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer. Revenue associated with the sale of LNG is recognized at the point in time when the customer obtains control of the asset. In evaluating when a customer has control of the asset, the Company primarily considers whether the transfer of legal title and physical delivery has occurred, whether the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership, and whether the customer accepted delivery and a right of payment exists. Revenues from the providing of services, transportation and equipment to customers is recognized as the service is performed. Amounts are billed upon completion of service or transfer of a product and are generally due within 30 days from receipt of the invoice. Revenue excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. Revenues from contracts with customers are disaggregated into (1) LNG Product (2) rental (3) service and (4) other.
LNG Product revenues:
LNG Product revenues represent the sale of LNG from both produced and purchased sources as well as the transportation performed to deliver the LNG to our customer location. LNG Product revenues are recognized upon delivery of the LNG to the customer, at which point the customer controls the product and the Company has an unconditional right to payment. The Company acts as a principal when using third party transportation companies and therefore recognizes the gross revenue for the supply of LNG. The Company does not differentiate between the revenue from the sale of LNG production and purchased LNG as the criteria for revenue recognition are identical. Some of our contracts contain minimum take-or-pay amounts where a customer has agreed to source a minimum volume of LNG under the contract. Take or pay revenues are only recognized when the customer has failed to take the minimum contracted volumes upon completion of the time period specified within the contract and the Company has the unconditional right to receive payment for the take or pay amount. LNG product sales agreements may include both fixed and variable fees per gallon, but is representative of the stand-alone selling price for LNG at the time the contract was negotiated. We have concluded that the variable LNG fees meet the exception for allocating variable consideration to specific parts of the contract. As such, the variable consideration for these contracts is allocated to each distinct molecule of LNG and recognized when that distinct molecule of LNG is delivered to the customer. Certain of our sales contracts contain provisions that may meet the criteria of a derivative in the event delivery is not made. These contracts are accounted for under the normal purchase normal sales exclusion under U.S. GAAP and are not measured at fair value each reporting period. Our LNG contracts are generally one to 24 months in duration.
Rental revenues
Rental revenues are generated from the rental of cryogenic equipment to our customers. Rental revenues are not dependent upon the gallons delivered but based upon day rates or monthly rates for the use of equipment as specifically established within the contract and are disaggregated from LNG Product revenues. Revenues related to rental of equipment are recognized under Topic 606 and not ASC 842: Leases, as the Company maintains control of the equipment that the customer uses and can replace the rented equipment with similar equipment should the rented equipment become inoperable or the Company chooses to replace the equipment for maintenance purposes. Revenue is recognized as the rental period is completed and for periods that cross month end, revenue is recognized for the portion of the rental period that has been completed to date. Performance obligations for rental revenue are considered to be satisfied as the rental period is completed based upon the terms of the related contract. The stated rental rates within each contract are representative of the stand-alone rental rates at the time the contract was negotiated.
Service revenues
Service revenues are generated from engineering and field support services and represent the human resources provided to the customer to support the use of LNG at the customer’s job site. These include support and costs for mobilization and demobilization of equipment at customer sites as well as onsite technical support while customers are consuming LNG. Service revenues are not dependent upon the gallons delivered or rental period but based upon the specific contractual terms and can be based on an event (i.e. mobilization or demobilization) or an hourly rate as specifically established within the contract and are disaggregated from LNG Product revenues and Rental revenues. Service revenue is recognized as the event is completed or work is done. The stated hourly labor rates in each contract are representative of the stand-alone hourly rates at the time the contract was negotiated. Certain of our contracts may include rental or services that may vary upon the customer demands at stated rates within the contract and are satisfied as the work is authorized by the customer and performed by the Company.
Other revenues are items that, due to their nature, are disaggregated from the categories mentioned above such as expenses incurred by the Company on behalf of the customer that we contractually rebill to our customer on a cost-plus basis.
Variable and other Revenue Components
Certain of our contracts may include rental or services that may vary upon the customer demands at stated rates within the contract and are satisfied as the work is authorized by the customer and performed by the Company. LNG product sales agreements may include both fixed and variable fees per gallon of LNG, but is representative of the stand-alone selling price for LNG at the time the contract is negotiated. We have concluded that the variable LNG fees meet the exception for allocating variable consideration to specific parts of the contract. As such, the variable consideration for these contracts is allocated to each distinct gallon of LNG and recognized when that distinct gallon of LNG is delivered to the customer.
Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are directly imposed on revenue-producing transactions between the Company and its customers, such as sales, use and value-added taxes, are excluded from revenue.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Goodwill
The determination and calculation of impairment requires significant judgment regarding estimates of fair value and the projection of future cash flows.
LNG liquefaction facilities, and other long-lived assets held and used by the Company are reviewed periodically for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that a particular asset’s carrying value may not be recoverable. Recoverability generally is determined by comparing the carrying value for the asset to the expected undiscounted future cash flows of the asset. If the carrying value of the asset is not recoverable, the amount of impairment loss is measured as the excess, if any, of the carrying value of the asset over its estimated fair value. The estimated undiscounted future cash flows are based on projections of future operating results; these projections contain estimates of the value of future contracts that have not yet been obtained, future commodity pricing and our future cost structure, among others. Projections of future operating results and cash flows may vary significantly from actual results. Management reviews its estimates of cash flows on an ongoing basis using historical experience, business plans, overall market conditions, and other factors.
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the identifiable assets acquired less liabilities assumed. Intangible assets are assets that lack physical substance (excluding financial assets). Goodwill acquired in a business combination and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, and intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized. Goodwill and intangible assets not subject to amortization are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate the assets carrying value may not be recoverable. We currently test goodwill for impairment annually in the third quarter unless we determine that a triggering event has occurred requiring an earlier test. We completed our annual assessment of goodwill during 2024 and 2023, and determined no additional impairment of goodwill was warranted.
Income Taxes
The calculation of income taxes is inherently complex. Additionally, the determination of the adequacy of any needed valuation allowance requires significant judgment. Deferred income taxes are accounted for under the asset-and-liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will not be realized.
The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not to be sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company records interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in selling, general and administrative expenses.
Fair Value Measurements
The determination of fair value requires significant judgements and estimates by management. The Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. The Company determines fair value based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability in the principal or most advantageous market. When considering market participant assumptions in the fair value measurements, the fair value hierarchy distinguishes between observable and unobservable inputs, which are categorized in one of the following levels in accordance with U.S. GAAP:
Level 1 Inputs-Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities accessible to the reporting entity at the measurement date.
Level 2 Inputs-Other than quoted prices included in Level 1 inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
Level 3 Inputs-Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby, allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.
Derivatives
The Company had certain natural gas derivative instruments as of December 31, 2024. The Company recognizes all of its derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities which are recorded at fair value on its Consolidated Balance Sheet. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it qualifies for and has been designated as a hedge and the type of hedge. The Company has not designated its derivative instruments as hedges under U.S. GAAP and all resulting gains and losses from changes in the fair value of its derivative instruments are included within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company determined the fair value of its natural gas derivatives at December 31, 2024 predominantly from broker quotes and are considered a level 2 fair value measurement. The Company did not enter into any derivative transactions for speculative purposes.
The Company enters into forward sales contracts for the delivery of LNG to its customers. Certain of these sales contracts contain provisions that may meet the criteria of a derivative in the event delivery is not made. These contracts are accounted for under the normal purchase normal sales exclusion under U.S. GAAP and are not measured at fair value each reporting period.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
In the normal course of business, the Company encounters several significant types of market risks including commodity and interest rate risks.
Commodity Price Risk
Due to the nature of the LNG distribution business, the Company has short term agreements with suppliers to contract for LNG purchases. These contracts extend for various periods and minimums. The index rate pricing for natural gas may increase or decrease in the future based upon market conditions.
Commodity price risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices. We are able to limit our exposure to fluctuations in natural gas prices by structuring our contract pricing with customers so that it mirrors the volatility in our supply cost with vendors. Our exposure to market risk associated with LNG price changes may adversely impact our business. The Company had certain natural gas derivative instruments as of December 31, 2024 to manage commodity price risk. The Company has not designated its derivative instruments as hedges under U.S. GAAP and all resulting gains and losses from changes in the fair value of its derivative instruments are included within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. See additional discussion in Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements regarding the Company's use of derivatives. The Company did not enter into any derivative transactions for speculative purposes.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
We operate a subsidiary in Mexico and maintain an equity method investment in our Chinese joint venture, BOMAY. The functional currency of the Mexican subsidiary is the Mexican Peso. The functional currency of the Chinese joint venture is the Chinese Yuan. The assets and liabilities of the foreign equity investees and foreign subsidiary, denominated in foreign currency, are translated into United States dollars at exchange rates in effect at the Consolidated Balance Sheet date and net sales and expenses are translated at the average exchange rate for the period. The resulting cumulative translation adjustment totaling $0.6 million has been recorded as Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net of taxes, in our Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2024.
As of December 31, 2024, we had a non-U.S. dollar denominated negative working capital balance of approximately $0.3 million. An adverse change of 10% in the underlying foreign currency exchange rate would reduce our working capital balance by approximately $28 thousand.
We do not currently have or intend to enter into any derivative arrangements to protect against such fluctuations.
Market Risk
The volatility in customer demand is greatly driven by the change in the price of oil and gas. These factors influence the release of new capital projects by our customers, which are traditionally awarded in competitive bid situations. Coordination of project start dates is matched to the customer requirements and projects may take a number of months to complete; schedules also may change during the course of any particular project.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Stabilis Solutions, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (Ham, Langston & Brezina, L.L.P., Houston, TX, Auditor ID: 298) 35
Consolidated Balance Sheets 36
Consolidated Statements of Operations 37
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 38
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity 39
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 40
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 41
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders
Stabilis Solutions, Inc.
Houston, Texas
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Stabilis Solutions, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively, referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters are matters arising from the current-period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) represented especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters.
/s/ Ham, Langston and Brezina, L.L.P.
We have served as Stabilis Solutions, Inc.’s auditor since 2007.
Houston, Texas
February 25, 2025
Stabilis Solutions, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31,
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 8,987 $ 5,374
Accounts receivable, net
6,239 7,752
Inventories, net
345 169
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
1,902 1,677
Total current assets
17,473 14,972
Property, plant and equipment:
Cost
117,246 110,646
Less accumulated depreciation
(65,518 ) (61,167 )
Property, plant and equipment, net
51,728 49,479
Goodwill
4,314 4,314
Investments in foreign joint ventures
11,659 12,009
Right-of-use assets and other noncurrent assets
410 525
Total assets
$ 85,584 $ 81,299
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
$ 5,667 $ 5,707
Accrued liabilities
3,566 4,166
Current portion of long-term notes payable
2,010 1,682
Current portion of finance and operating lease obligations
384 164
Total current liabilities
11,627 11,719
Long-term notes payable, net of current portion and debt issuance costs
6,848 7,747
Long-term portion of operating lease obligations
101 21
Total liabilities
18,576 19,487
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock; $0.001 par value, 37,500,000 shares authorized, 18,585,014 and 18,573,391 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
19 19
Additional paid-in capital
103,214 102,057
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(578 ) (18 )
Accumulated deficit
(35,647 ) (40,246 )
Total stockholders' equity
67,008 61,812
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
$ 85,584 $ 81,299
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Stabilis Solutions, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share data)
Year Ended December 31,
Revenues:
Revenues
$ 73,293 $ 73,114
Operating expenses:
Costs of revenues
52,069 54,919
Change in unrealized loss (gain) on natural gas derivatives
(310 ) (541 )
Selling, general and administrative expenses
11,763 12,893
Gain from disposal of fixed assets
(761 ) (1,223 )
Depreciation expense
7,146 7,878
Total operating expenses
69,907 73,926
Income (loss) from operations before equity income
3,386 (812 )
Net equity income from foreign joint venture operations:
Income from equity investment in foreign joint venture
1,770 1,897
Foreign joint venture operating related expenses
(206 ) (206 )
Net equity income from foreign joint venture operations
1,564 1,691
Income from operations
4,950 879
Other income (expense):
Interest income (expense), net
112 (256 )
Interest expense, net - related parties
- (78 )
Other income (expense)
22 (176 )
Total other income (expense)
134 (510 )
Net income before income tax expense
5,084 369
Income tax expense
485 244
Net income
$ 4,599 $ 125
Net income per common share (Note 16):
Basic and diluted per common share
$ 0.25 $ 0.01
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Stabilis Solutions, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
Net income
$ 4,599 $ 125
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
(560 ) (100 )
Total comprehensive income
$ 4,039 $ 25
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Stabilis Solutions, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(in thousands, except share data)
Common Stock
Additional Paid-in
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Accumulated
Shares
Amount
Capital
(Loss)
Deficit
Total
Balance at December 31, 2022
18,420,067 $ 19 $ 100,137 $ 82 $ (40,371 ) $ 59,867
Common stock issued from vesting of stock-based awards
183,762 - - - - -
Stock-based compensation
- - 2,082 - - 2,082
Employee tax payments from restricted stock withholdings
(30,438 ) - (162 ) - - (162 )
Net income
- - - - 125 125
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
- - - (100 ) - (100 )
Balance at December 31, 2023
18,573,391 19 102,057 (18 ) (40,246 ) 61,812
Common stock issued from vesting of stock-based awards
13,588 - - - - -
Stock-based compensation
- - 1,166 - - 1,166
Employee tax payments from restricted stock withholdings
(1,965 ) - (9 ) - - (9 )
Net income
- - - - 4,599 4,599
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
- - - (560 ) - (560 )
Balance at December 31, 2024
18,585,014 $ 19 $ 103,214 $ (578 ) $ (35,647 ) $ 67,008
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Stabilis Solutions, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income
$ 4,599 $ 125
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation
7,146 7,878
Stock-based compensation expense
1,166 2,082
Bad debt expense
102 -
Gain on disposal of assets
(761 ) (1,223 )
Income from equity investment in joint venture
(1,770 ) (1,897 )
Distributions from equity investment in joint venture
1,716 1,225
Cash settlements from natural gas derivatives, net
(359 ) -
Realized and unrealized losses from natural gas derivatives, net
152 572
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable
1,390 4,019
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
820 1,461
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
(678 ) (7,717 )
Other
170 187
Net cash provided by operating activities
13,693 6,712
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisition of fixed assets
(9,146 ) (10,252 )
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets
841 1,255
Proceeds from notes receivable, related to prior sale of Brazil
185 87
Net cash used in investing activities
(8,120 ) (8,910 )
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments on short- and long-term notes payable and finance leases
(1,905 ) (1,179 )
Payments on notes payable from related parties
- (2,435 )
Payment of debt issuance costs
- (108 )
Employee tax payments from restricted stock withholdings
(9 ) (162 )
Net cash used in financing activities
(1,914 ) (3,884 )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
(46 ) 5
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
3,613 (6,077 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
5,374 11,451
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
$ 8,987 $ 5,374
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
STABILIS SOLUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Description of Business
Stabilis Solutions, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”, “Stabilis”, “our”, “us” or “we”) is an energy transition company that provides turnkey clean energy production, storage, transportation and fueling solutions primarily using liquefied natural gas (“LNG”) to multiple end markets.
The Company serves customers in diverse end markets, including aerospace, agriculture, energy, industrial, marine bunkering, mining, pipeline, remote power and utility markets. LNG can be used to deliver natural gas to locations where pipeline service is unavailable, has been interrupted, or needs to be supplemented. Additionally, LNG can be used as a partner fuel for renewable energy, and as an alternative to traditional fuel sources, such as distillate fuel oil (including diesel fuel and other fuel oils) and propane, among others to provide both environmental and economic benefits.
The Company also builds power and control systems for the energy industry in China through its 40% owned Chinese joint venture, BOMAY Electric Industries, Inc (“BOMAY”). BOMAY is accounted for under the equity method of accounting.
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements ("Consolidated Financial Statements") include our accounts and those of our subsidiaries and, have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Reclassifications
The Company reclassified $4.2 million from accrued expenses to accounts payable at December 31, 2023, to conform to current presentation resulting in no effect to results of operations or cash flows.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
(a) Use of Estimates in the Preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant items subject to such estimates include the fair value of natural gas derivatives, the carrying amount of contingencies, valuation allowances for receivables, deferred income tax assets, valuations assigned to assets and liabilities in business combinations, and impairments of long-lived assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and these differences could be material to the consolidated financial statements.
(b) Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash and cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist principally of money market accounts held with major financial institutions. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its deposits of cash and cash equivalents in excess of amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents.
(c) Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable are recognized when products are sold. The Company extends credit to many of its customers in the ordinary course of business. Generally, these sales are unsecured. Accounts receivable are stated at the amount the Company expects to collect (cost, net of any allowances for credit losses). The Company maintains allowances for credit losses for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. Management considers the following factors when determining the collectability of specific customer accounts: customer credit-worthiness, past transaction history with the customer and current economic industry trends. Our allowance for credit losses was immaterial at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded bad debt expense of $0.1 million and $0.0 million, respectively.
(d) Inventories
LNG inventory consists of LNG produced that is either (1) in a storage container at our plants or (2) in a storage trailer that is in transit to a customer. Inventory quantities are measured at each reporting period and are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, determined on a first-in, first-out basis.
(e) Derivative Instruments
The Company had certain natural gas derivative instruments as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company recognizes all of its derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities which are recorded at fair value on its Consolidated Balance Sheets. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it qualifies for and has been designated as a hedge as well as the type of hedge. The Company has not designated its derivatives as hedges under U.S. GAAP and all resulting gains and losses from changes in the fair value of its derivative instruments are included within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company did not enter into any derivative transactions for speculative purposes. See Note 4 for further discussion of the Company's derivatives.
The Company enters into forward sales contracts for the delivery of LNG to its customers. Certain of these sales contracts contain provisions that may meet the criteria of a derivative in the event delivery is not made. These contracts are accounted for under the normal purchase normal sales exclusion under U.S. GAAP and are not measured at fair value each reporting period.
(f) Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Significant additions, renewals, and capital improvements are capitalized, whereas expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the applicable remaining lease term or the estimated useful life of the related assets. The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets retired or sold are removed from the appropriate asset and depreciation accounts, and the resulting gain or loss is reflected in income. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.
Property, plant, and equipment, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group be tested for possible impairment, the Company first compares undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group to its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flows basis, an impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds its fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques including discounted cash flows models, quoted market values and third-party independent appraisals, as considered necessary. There were no impairments of the Company’s long-lived assets in the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
(g) Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the assets acquired less liabilities assumed. Intangible assets are assets that lack physical substance (excluding financial assets). Goodwill acquired in a business combination and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, and intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized. All of our goodwill was recognized from business acquisitions during the third quarter of 2019 and is not amortized. We test goodwill for impairment annually or more frequently if a triggering event occurs. A triggering event occurs when there are changes in circumstances or events that indicate the assets carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company tested its remaining goodwill for impairment during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 and based upon a qualitative assessment, it determined a quantitative assessment was not required and no impairments of goodwill were identified.
(h) Leases
We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheets unless we are reasonably certain at inception of the lease that we will renew the lease for a period that extends the initial term longer than 12 months. All leases with an initial term greater than 12 months, whether classified as operating or finance, are recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheet based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, determined at lease commencement. Determination of the present value of lease payments requires a discount rate. We use the implicit rate in the lease agreement when available. Most of our leases do not provide an implicit interest rate; therefore, we use a weighted average borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date. Certain of our leases contain non-lease components which are not separated from the lease components when calculating the right-of-use asset and lease liability per our use of the practical expedient to combine both components of an arrangement for all classes of leased assets. See also Note 10 for a further discussion or our leases.
(i) Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue from our contracts in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), Topic 606 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“Topic 606”). Topic 606 requires entities to recognize revenue in a way that depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Revenues from contracts with customers are disaggregated into ( 1) LNG product ( 2) rental, ( 3) service, and ( 4) other.
The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer. Revenue associated with the sale of LNG is recognized at the point in time when the customer obtains control of the asset. In evaluating when a customer has control of the asset, the Company primarily considers whether the transfer of legal title and physical delivery has occurred, whether the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership, and whether the customer accepted delivery and a right of payment exists. Revenues from the providing of services, transportation and equipment to customers is recognized over time as the service is performed. Revenue is measured as consideration specified in a contract with a customer and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. Amounts are billed upon completion of service or transfer of a product and are generally due within 30 days. See also Note 2 for a further discussion of our accounting policy for revenue recognition.
(j) Income Taxes
The Company recognizes income taxes under the asset-and-liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards for each tax jurisdiction in which we operate. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax asset will not be realized.
The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not to be sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company records interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in selling, general and administrative expenses. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had no uncertain tax positions that required recognition. See Note 12 for a further discussion of our accounting policy related to income taxes.
The Company files income tax returns in the United States of America with the federal government and various state taxing authorities, in Mexico and Canada. With few exceptions, the Company is subject to examination by the applicable taxing authorities for years after 2020.
(k) Earnings Per Share (“EPS”)
Basic earnings per share, or EPS, is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to stockholders by the weighted average shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue shares, such as stock options and warrants were exercised. The Company included dilutive securities within its computation of earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. See Note 16 for further discussion of the earnings per share calculation.
(l) Commitments and Contingencies
Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred.
(m) Fair Value Measurements
The Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. The Company determines fair value based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability in the principal or most advantageous market. When considering market participant assumptions in the fair value measurements, the following fair value hierarchy distinguishes between observable and unobservable inputs, which are categorized in one of the following levels in accordance with U.S. GAAP:
Level 1 Inputs -Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities accessible to the reporting entity at the measurement date.
Level 2 Inputs - Other than quoted prices included in Level 1 inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
Level 3 Inputs - Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby, allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.
The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, inventory, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their respective fair values due to their relative short maturities. The Company estimated the fair value of its fixed and variable rate debt approximates the $8.6 million carrying value (see Note 9) at December 31, 2024. The Company’s estimate of fair value is subjective in nature and is dependent on a number of important assumptions, including discount rates. The fair value of our fixed and variable rate debt was estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the Company’s estimate of its incremental borrowing rate at December 31, 2024 (within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy). Different market assumptions and estimation methodologies could result in different estimations of fair value.
Nonfinancial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include certain nonfinancial assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination, are measured at fair value using quoted market prices or, to the extent that there are no available quoted market prices, market prices for similar assets or liabilities.
(n) Foreign Currency Gains and Losses
Foreign currency translations are included as a separate component of comprehensive income (loss). The Company has determined the local currency of its foreign subsidiaries and foreign joint ventures to be the functional currency. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC 830"), the assets and liabilities of the foreign equity investees and foreign subsidiaries, denominated in foreign currency, are translated into United States dollars at exchange rates in effect at the consolidated balance sheet date and net sales and expenses are translated at the average exchange rate for the period. Related translation adjustments are reported as comprehensive income (loss), net of deferred income taxes, which is a separate component of stockholders’ equity, whereas gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in results of operations. In the event of liquidation of a foreign subsidiary, amounts included within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI") and related to cumulative foreign currency translation gains and losses are reclassified out of AOCI and into net income (loss) upon sale.
(o) Stock-based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). Compensation expense for stock-based awards expected to vest is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award based on their grant date fair value. See also Note 14 for further discussion of our stock-based compensation.
(p) Segment Reporting
In accordance with ASC Topic 280 - "Segment Reporting (ASC 280)" the Company has determined that it has a single operating and reporting segment. As a result, the Company's segment accounting policies are the same as described herein and the Company does not have any material intra-segment sales and transfers of assets. The Company's Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") is the Chief Executive Officer (the "CEO"). The CEO, with the Chief Financial Officer assesses the performance and makes operating decisions of the Company on a consolidated basis, based on the Company's net increase in shareholder's equity resulting from operations ("net income"). Company assets are not reviewed by the CODM at a different asset level or category, but at the consolidated level. As the Company's operations are comprised of a single operating segment, the segment assets are reflected on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as "total assets" and the significant segment expenses are listed on the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures". ASU 2023-07 requires additional disclosures for segment reporting, including disclosure of the title and position of the Chief Operating Decision Maker and requires a public entity that has a single reportable segment to provide all the disclosures required by amendments in ASU 2023-07, and all existing segment disclosures in Topic 280. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2023. The Company adopted ASU 2023-07 effective for its Annual Report on this Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Since ASU 2023-07 addresses only disclosures, the adoption did not have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses". Under ASU 2024-03 companies are required to disclose disaggregated information about certain costs and expenses in the notes to the financial statements. ASU 2024-03 is effective for companies for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026. The requirements can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. Although early adoption is permitted, the Company will adopt the pronouncement when the pronouncement becomes effective on January 1, 2027. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-09 to have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.
2. REVENUE RECOGNITION
We recognize revenues when the transfer of promised goods or services are delivered to our customers in accordance with the applicable customer contract and we are entitled to be paid by the customer. Revenues are measured as consideration specified in the contract and exclude any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. Revenues from contracts with customers are disaggregated into (1) LNG Product (2) rental (3) service and (4) other. Certain contracts may include multiple goods or services such as the usage of equipment and delivery of field support services that are bundled into an all-in price to the customer for each gallon of LNG delivered. Revenue recognition under these contracts requires significant judgment by the Company in order to determine the appropriate accounting for these transactions, including whether performance obligations should be accounted for separately versus together, how the price should be allocated among the performance obligations, and when to recognize revenue for each performance obligation. The Company has determined that these contracts have multiple performance obligations and the Company allocates the contract price to each performance obligation using its best estimates of the respective standalone selling price of each distinct good or service at the time the contract was negotiated.
LNG Product revenues
LNG Product revenues represent the sale of LNG from both produced and purchased sources as well as the transportation performed to deliver the LNG to our customer location. LNG Product revenues are recognized upon delivery of the LNG to the customer, at which point the customer controls the product and the Company has an unconditional right to payment. The Company acts as a principal when using third party transportation companies and therefore recognizes the gross revenue for the supply of LNG. The Company does not differentiate between the revenue from the sale of LNG production and purchased LNG as the criteria for revenue recognition are identical. Some of our contracts contain minimum take-or-pay amounts where a customer has agreed to source a minimum volume of LNG under the contract. Take or pay revenues are only recognized when the customer has failed to take the minimum contracted volumes upon completion of the time period specified within the contract and the Company has the unconditional right to receive payment for the take or pay amount. Certain of our sales contracts contain provisions that may meet the criteria of a derivative in the event delivery is not made. These contracts are accounted for under the normal purchase normal sales exclusion under U.S. GAAP and are not measured at fair value each reporting period. Our LNG contracts are generally one to 24 months in duration.
Rental revenues
Rental revenues are generated from the rental of cryogenic equipment to our customers. Rental revenues are not dependent upon the gallons delivered but based upon day rates or monthly rates for the use of equipment as specifically established within the contract and are disaggregated from LNG Product revenues. Revenues related to rental of equipment are recognized under Topic 606 and not ASC 842: Leases, as the Company maintains control of the equipment that the customer uses and can replace the rented equipment with similar equipment should the rented equipment become inoperable or the Company chooses to replace the equipment for maintenance purposes. Revenue is recognized as the rental period is completed and for periods that cross month end, revenue is recognized for the portion of the rental period that has been completed to date. Performance obligations for rental revenue are considered to be satisfied as the rental period is completed based upon the terms of the related contract. The stated rental rates within each contract are representative of the stand-alone rental rates at the time the contract was negotiated.
Service revenues
Service revenues are generated from engineering and field support services and represent the human resources provided to the customer to support the use of LNG at the customer’s job site. These include support and costs for mobilization and demobilization of equipment at customer sites as well as onsite technical support while customers are consuming LNG. Service revenues are not dependent upon the gallons delivered or rental period but based upon the specific contractual terms and can be based on an event (i.e. mobilization or demobilization) or an hourly rate as specifically established within the contract and are disaggregated from LNG Product revenues and Rental revenues. Service revenue is recognized as the event is completed or work is done. The stated hourly labor rates in each contract are representative of the stand-alone hourly rates at the time the contract was negotiated.
Other revenues
Other revenues are items that, due to their nature, are disaggregated from the categories mentioned above such as expenses incurred by the Company on behalf of the customer that we contractually rebill to our customers on a cost-plus basis.
Disaggregated revenues
The table below presents revenue disaggregated by source, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
Revenues:
LNG Product
$ 57,351 $ 58,517
Rental
7,273 6,210
Service
7,436 6,886
Other
1,233 1,501
Total revenues
$ 73,293 $ 73,114
The table below presents revenue disaggregated by geographic location, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
Revenues:
United States
$ 69,007 $ 65,487
Mexico
4,286 7,627
Total revenues
$ 73,293 $ 73,114
Variable and other Revenue Components
Certain of our contracts may include rental or services that may vary upon the customer demands at stated rates within the contract and are satisfied as the work is authorized by the customer and performed by the Company. LNG product sales agreements may include both fixed and variable fees per gallon of LNG, but is representative of the stand-alone selling price for LNG at the time the contract is negotiated. We have concluded that the variable LNG fees meet the exception for allocating variable consideration to specific parts of the contract. As such, the variable consideration for these contracts is allocated to each distinct gallon of LNG and recognized when that distinct gallon of LNG is delivered to the customer.
Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are directly imposed on revenue-producing transactions between the Company and its customers, such as sales, use and value-added taxes, are excluded from revenue.
3. SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS AND CONCENTRATION OF RISKS
Significant Customers
A material part of the Company’s business is dependent on a few customers, the loss of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company. The tables below present customers representing greater than 10% of total revenues and/or outstanding accounts receivable as of and for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
For the Year Ended December 31,
Revenue
%
%
Customer 1
$ 24,599 33.6 % $ 378 0.5 %
Customer 2
14,115 19.3 % 13,514 18.5 %
$ 38,714 52.8 % $ 13,892 19.0 %
At December 31,
Accounts Receivable
%
%
Customer 1
$ 1,278 20.5 % $ 1,120 14.4 %
Customer 2
1,077 17.3 % 378 4.9 %
$ 2,355 37.7 % $ 1,498 19.3 %
No other customer represented more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue or accounts receivable as of and for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
4. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
Natural gas derivatives
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023 the Company held a series of call options (the "Call Options”) for the purchase of natural gas related to customer commitments. The Call Options are for a total of 0.3 million MMBtu (million British thermal units) of natural gas at December 31, 2024, and extend into the second quarter of 2025. The Company purchased the Call Options to manage the risk of increasing natural gas prices above what it can charge its customers. The Company may also enter into other derivative transactions when beneficial. The Company recognizes all of its derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities which are recorded at fair value on its Consolidated Balance Sheet. The fair value of the Call Options are predominantly determined from broker quotes and are considered a level 2 fair value measurement. The following table presents the location and fair value of the Call Options at December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
For the Year Ended December 31,
Location on Consolidated Balance Sheet
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (1), (2)
$ 207 $ -
$ 207 $ -
(1)
Amounts are presented on a gross basis.
(2)
The classification between current and noncurrent assets is based upon when the Call Options mature.
The Company has not designated the Call Options as a hedge under U.S. GAAP and all resulting gains and losses from changes in the fair value of its derivative instruments are included within change in unrealized loss or gain on natural gas derivatives within the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations. The table below presents the changes in the fair value of the Call Options for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 as well as the net realized gains and losses for all of its derivatives for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
For the Year Ended December 31,
Changes in fair value of derivatives
Fair value of natural gas derivatives, beginning of period
$ - $ 572
Purchases of natural gas derivatives
359 -
Realized gains (losses), net
(462 ) (1,113 )
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on natural gas derivatives (1)
310 541
Fair value of natural gas derivatives, end of year
$ 207 $ -
For the Year Ended December 31,
Realized gain (loss) from derivative instruments
Realized gains (losses), net
$ (462 ) $ (1,113 )
Derivative settlement payments receivable(ed)
22 -
Total realized gain (loss) from natural gas derivatives, net (2)
$ (440 ) $ (1,113 )
(1)
Amounts are presented as their own separate line item within the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(2)
Amounts are included within cost of revenues on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations.
5. PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
The Company’s prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following (in thousands):
December 31,
Prepaid insurance
$ 1,044 $ 1,012
Prepaid supplier expenses
167 132
Other receivables
204 159
Natural gas derivatives at fair value, current
207 -
Deposits
129 237
Other
151 137
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets
$ 1,902 $ 1,677
6. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property, Plant and Equipment
The Company’s property, plant and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):
Estimated
Useful Life
December 31,
(years)
Liquefaction plants and systems
10 - 15 $ 56,752 $ 48,523
Real property and buildings
3 - 25 2,082 2,066
Vehicles and tanker trailers and equipment
2 - 10 49,754 49,689
Computer and office equipment
2 - 7 545 458
Construction in progress
- 8,082 9,879
Leasehold improvements
- 31 31
117,246 110,646
Less: accumulated depreciation
(65,518 ) (61,167 )
$ 51,728 $ 49,479
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 totaled $7.1 million and $7.9 million respectively, of which all is included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as its own line item.
Construction in progress of $8.1 million and $9.9 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, primarily relate to the deployment and build-out of liquefaction assets and the purchase of additional liquefaction assets.
7. INVESTMENTS IN FOREIGN JOINT VENTURES
BOMAY
We hold a 40% interest in BOMAY Electric Industries Company, Ltd. (“BOMAY”), which builds electrical systems for sale in China. The majority partner in this foreign joint venture is Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co., Ltd. (a subsidiary of China National Petroleum Corporation), who owns 51%. The remaining 9% is owned by AA Energies, Inc. The Company made no sales to its joint venture during 2024 and 2023.
We account for our investment in BOMAY using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method, the Company’s share of the joint venture operations earnings or losses is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as equity income (loss) from foreign joint venture operations. Joint venture income increases the carrying value of the joint venture and joint venture losses reduce the carrying value. Dividends received from the joint venture reduce the carrying value. The Company considers dividend distributions received from its equity method investments which do not exceed cumulative equity in earnings subsequent to the date of investment to be a return on investment and classifies these distributions as operating activities in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
The tables below present a summary of BOMAY's assets and liabilities and its operational results as of and for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 in U.S. dollars (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
Revenues
$ 117,459 $ 102,981
Gross profit
14,458 12,544
Earnings
4,101 4,418
December 31,
Assets:
Total current assets
$ 124,253 $ 135,217
Total non-current assets
9,496 3,003
Total assets
$ 133,749 $ 138,220
Liabilities and equity:
Total liabilities
$ 101,562 $ 104,760
Total joint ventures’ equity
32,187 33,460
Total liabilities and equity
$ 133,749 $ 138,220
The following is a summary of activity in our investment in BOMAY for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 in U.S. dollars (in thousands):
Initial Investment at Merger (1), (2)
Undistributed Earnings
Cumulative Foreign Exchange Translation Adj
Investment in BOMAY
Balance at December 31, 2022
$ 9,333 $ 2,295 $ (22 ) $ 11,606
Equity in earnings
- 1,897 - 1,897
Less: dividend distributions
- (1,225 ) - (1,225 )
Foreign currency translation loss
- - (269 ) (269 )
Balance at December 31, 2023
9,333 2,967 (291 ) 12,009
Equity in earnings
- 1,770 - 1,770
Less: dividend distributions
- (1,716 ) - (1,716 )
Foreign currency translation loss
- - (404 ) (404 )
Balance at December 31, 2024
$ 9,333 $ 3,021 $ (695 ) $ 11,659
(1)
Accumulated statutory reserves in equity method investments of $2.66 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023 is included in our investment in BOMAY. In accordance with the People’s Republic of China, (“PRC”), regulations on enterprises with foreign ownership, an enterprise established in the PRC with foreign ownership is required to provide for certain statutory reserves, namely (i) General Reserve Fund, (ii) Enterprise Expansion Fund and (iii) Staff Welfare and Bonus Fund, which are appropriated from net profit as reported in the enterprise’s PRC statutory accounts. A non-wholly-owned foreign invested enterprise is permitted to provide for the above allocation at the discretion of its board of directors. The aforementioned reserves can only be used for specific purposes and are not distributable as cash dividends.
(2)
The Company’s initial investment in BOMAY differed from the Company’s 40% share of BOMAY’s equity as a result of applying fair value accounting pursuant to ASC 805. The basis difference is being accreted over eight years (the expected life of the joint venture). The Company's accretion during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were both approximately $0.1 million, and is included in income from equity investments in foreign joint ventures in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. The remaining basis difference is summarized in the following table at December 31, 2024 and 2023 (amounts in thousands):
December 31,
Original basis difference
$ 1,165 $ 1,165
Less accumulated accretion
(702 ) (573 )
Net remaining basis difference, net at end of period
$ 463 $ 592
In accordance with our long-lived asset policy, when events or circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable, management tests long-lived assets for impairment. If the estimated future cash flows are projected to be less than the carrying amount, an impairment write-down (representing the carrying amount of the long-lived asset which exceeds the present value of estimated expected future cash flows) would be recorded as a period expense. In making this evaluation, a variety of quantitative and qualitative factors are considered including national and local economic, political and market conditions, industry trends and prospects, liquidity and capital resources and other pertinent factors. There were no impairments recognized in the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
8. ACCRUED LIABILITIES
The Company’s accrued liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following (in thousands):
December 31,
Compensation and benefits
$ 2,408 $ 3,276
Customer deposits and prepayments
294 397
Other taxes payable
268 354
Other accrued liabilities
596 139
Total accrued liabilities
$ 3,566 $ 4,166
9. DEBT
The Company’s carrying value of debt, net of debt issuance costs, at December 31, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following (in thousands):
December 31,
Secured term note and credit facility, net of debt issuance costs
$ 7,975 $ 8,604
Insurance and other notes payable
883 825
Total
8,858 9,429
Less: amounts due within one year
(2,010 ) (1,682 )
Total long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs
$ 6,848 $ 7,747
Revolving Credit Facility
On June 9, 2023, the Company, along with its subsidiaries, Stabilis LNG Eagle Ford LLC, Stabilis GDS, Inc. and Stabilis LNG Port Allen, LLC (collectively, the “Borrowers”) entered into a three-year loan agreement (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) with Cadence Bank. The Revolving Credit Facility provides for a maximum aggregate amount of $10.0 million, subject to a borrowing base of 80% of eligible accounts receivable. The Company may request an increase in the maximum aggregate amount under the Revolving Credit Facility by up to $5.0 million, subject to the approval of Cadence Bank. All borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility are secured by the Company’s accounts receivable and deposit accounts. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility incur interest at the Prime Rate published by the Wall Street Journal. Any unused portion is subject to a quarterly unused commitment fee of 0.5% per annum. As of December 31, 2024, no amounts have been drawn under the Revolving Credit Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility matures on June 9, 2026. Debt issuance cost of $0.1 million were incurred and are reflected as debt issuance costs paid on the Consolidated Statements of Cashflows. Amortization of debt issuance costs is in interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The Revolving Credit Facility contains various restrictions and covenants. Among other requirements, the Borrowers must maintain a consolidated net worth of at least $51.9 million as of December 31, 2024, increasing by 50% of the Borrowers’ net income as of the end of each year ended December 31, and must maintain a minimum Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of 1.2 to 1.0 on a consolidated basis, as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, on a trailing twelve (12) months basis. The Revolving Credit Facility also contains customary events of default. If an event of default under the Revolving Credit Facility occurs and is continuing, then Cadence Bank may declare any outstanding obligations under the Loan Agreement to be immediately due and payable. In addition, if any of the Borrowers become the subject of voluntary or involuntary proceedings under any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, then any outstanding obligations under the Loan Agreement will automatically become immediately due and payable. As of December 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all its covenants related to the Revolving Credit Facility.
Secured Term Note
On April 8, 2021, the Company entered into a loan agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) with AmeriState Bank (“Lender”), as lender, pursuant to the United States Department of Agriculture, Business & Industry Loan Program, to provide for an advancing loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of up to $10.0 million (the “AmeriState Loan”). As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the amount drawn and outstanding totaled $9.0 million. The AmeriState Loan, which is in the form of a term loan facility, matures on April 8, 2031 and bears interest at 5.75% per annum through April 8, 2026, and the U.S. prime lending rate plus 2.5% per annum thereafter. The AmeriState Loan provides that proceeds from borrowings may be used for working capital purposes at the Company’s liquefaction plant in George West, Texas and related fees and costs associated with the AmeriState Loan. Upon an Event of Default (as defined in the Loan Agreement), the Lender may (i) terminate its commitment, (ii) declare the outstanding principal amount of the Advancing Notes (as defined in the Loan Agreement) due and payable, or (iii) exercise all rights and remedies available to Lender under the Loan Agreement.
On April 8, 2021, Mile High LNG LLC, Stabilis GDS, Inc., Stabilis LNG Eagle Ford LLC and Stabilis Energy Services, LLC, each a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (collectively, “Debtor”), entered into a Security Agreement and Assignment (the “Security Agreement”) in favor of the Lender. The Security Agreement grants to Lender a first priority security interest in the collateral identified therein, which includes specific equipment owned by the Company. The Loan Agreement requires the Company to meet certain financial covenants which include a debt-to-net-worth ratio of not more than 9.1 to 1.0 and a debt service coverage ratio of not less than 1.2 to 1.0. At December 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all of its debt covenants. Monthly payments are based upon a seven-year amortization in the amount of $0.1 million of principal per month plus accrued interest.
Secured Promissory Note - Related Party
On August 16, 2019, the Company issued a secured promissory note to MG Finance Co., Ltd., a related party, in the principal amount of $5.0 million, at an interest rate per annum of 6.0% until December 10, 2020, and 12.0% thereafter, maturing in December 2022. The debt was secured by certain equipment of the Company. On September 20, 2021, the Company amended its secured promissory note with MG Finance Co., Ltd, to defer scheduled debt and interest payments from September through December 2021 for a period of one year, with such payments to be included with the scheduled payments from September through December 2022. The Company again amended its secured promissory note with MG Finance Co., Ltd, on March 9, 2022 to defer scheduled debt and interest payments beginning April 2022 and lower the interest rate from 12.0% to 6.0%. Repayments under the amended note resumed in October 2022 and were in equal monthly installments through December 2023. The loan was paid in full as of December 31, 2023.
Insurance Notes Payable
The Company finances its annual commercial insurance premiums for its business and operations. For the 2024-2025 policies, the amount financed was $1.2 million. The outstanding principal balance on the premium finance note was $0.9 million at December 31, 2024. The renewal occurs each September and covers a period of up to one year. The Company makes equal monthly payments of principal and interest over the term of the note. The interest rate for the insurance financing on the 2024-2025 policy is 7.95%. At December 31, 2023, the outstanding balance was $0.8 million, related to the 2023-2024 policy with an interest rate of 7.95%.
Debt Maturities and Interest Expense
We had total indebtedness, net of debt issuance costs, on our Consolidated Balance Sheet of $9.2 million as of December 31, 2024. Expected maturities, excluding debt issuance costs of $0.3 million and leases at December 31, 2024 are as follows (in thousands).
Year Ended December 31,
2,010
1,188
1,258
1,332
1,411
Thereafter
1,969
Total long-term debt, including current maturities
$ 9,168
During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded interest expense related to the above indebtedness and related to leases (see Note 10 below) as follows (in thousands):
December 31,
Secured term note
$ 166 $ 345
Secured credit facility
87 49
Secured promissory note - related party
- 78
Insurance and other notes payable
38 32
Interest from leases
9 5
Total interest expense
$ 300 $ 509
During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company capitalized interest of $0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively.
10. LEASES
Our leases primarily consist of operating leases for certain facilities and office spaces, and financing leases for equipment. Our leases have remaining terms of 1 to 3 years and may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Operating lease assets also include any upfront lease payments made and exclude lease incentives and initial direct cost incurred. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The following table summarizes our operating and finance lease assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
December 31,
Balance sheet line item classification
Assets
Operating lease assets
Right-of-use assets and other noncurrent assets
$ 149 $ -
Finance lease assets
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation
349 43
Total lease assets
$ 498 $ 43
Liabilities
Current
Operating lease obligation
Current portion of finance and operating lease obligations
$ 70 $ 120
Finance lease obligation
Current portion of finance and operating lease obligations
314 44
Noncurrent
Operating lease obligation
Long-term portion of operating lease obligations
101 21
Total lease liabilities
$ 485 $ 185
The following table summarizes the components of lease expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
Lease Cost
Classification
Operating lease cost
Cost of sales
$ - $ -
Operating lease cost
Selling, general and administrative expenses
192 188
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of leased assets
Depreciation expense
18 21
Interest on lease liabilities
Interest expense
9 5
Net lease cost
$ 219 $ 214
Other
The Company leases certain buildings and facilities, including office space in Houston, Texas and Monterrey, Mexico. The Company also leases marine bunkering and staging sites in Galveston, Texas, along with certain equipment on a short term basis. Leases which are less than twelve months and have no cancellation penalties are not recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Office rent expense totaled approximately $169 thousand and $188 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The following schedule presents the future minimum lease payments for our operating and finance lease obligations at December 31, 2024 (in thousands):
Operating Leases
Finance Leases
Total
$ 89 $ 336 $ 425
66 - 66
40 - 40
Total lease payments
195 336 531
Less: Interest
(24 ) (22 ) (46 )
Present value of lease liabilities
$ 171 $ 314 $ 485
Lease term and discount rates for our operating and finance lease obligations are as follows:
December 31,
Lease Term and Discount Rate
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)
Operating leases
2.9 1.2
Finance leases
1.0 0.1
Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases
9.5 % 5.8 %
Finance leases
8.5 % 10.7 %
The following table summarizes the supplemental cash flow information related to leases as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
Other information
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases
$ 187 $ 181
Financing cash flows from finance leases
76 20
Interest paid
9 5
Noncash activities from right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases
$ 167 $ -
Financing leases
347 -
11. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Secured Promissory Note - Related Party
J. Casey Crenshaw (our Chairman of the Board) is the beneficial owner of 50% of The Modern Group and is deemed to jointly control The Modern Group with family members. Through December 31, 2023 the Company had a secured promissory note payable with MG Finance Co., Ltd, a subsidiary of The Modern Group. The loan was paid in full as of December 31, 2023. See additional discussion in Note 9.
Other Purchases and Sales
The Company purchases supplies and services from subsidiaries of The Modern Group. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 the Company made purchases of supplies, services and rent totaling $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 the Company had no sales to The Modern Group. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had no accounts receivable due from The Modern Group and the accounts payable due to The Modern Group as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 were immaterial.
Chart E&C beneficially owns 7.9% of our outstanding common stock at December 31, 2024. The Company made purchases from Chart E&C for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 of $0.6 million and $0.7 million, respectively. Amounts owed to Chart E&C and included in accounts payable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2024 and 2023 were immaterial.
12. INCOME TAXES
The components for income tax expense included in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows (in thousands):
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Current state income tax expense
$ 313 $ 118
Current foreign income tax expense
172 126
Deferred federal income tax expense
- -
Income tax expense
$ 485 $ 244
A reconciliation of income taxes computed using the 21% U.S. federal statutory rate to the amount reflected in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations within net income for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows (in thousands):
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Income tax benefit using U.S. federal statutory rate
$ 1,068 $ 77
State income tax expense
253 26
Foreign income tax expense
172 123
Foreign tax rate difference
70 263
Non-deductible expenses
294 65
Change in valuation allowance
(1,511 ) (367 )
Other
139 57
Total income tax expense
$ 485 $ 244
The effects of temporary differences and carryforwards that give rise to deferred tax assets (liabilities) are as follows (in thousands):
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Federal net operating loss carryforward
$ 11,163 $ 11,737
Stock compensation
337 684
Accrued compensation
57 86
Basis of intangible assets
132 147
Capital loss carryforward
1,631 1,719
Other
5 -
Valuation allowance
(7,896 ) (9,407 )
Total deferred tax assets
5,429 4,966
Basis of property, plant and equipment
3,189 3,636
Prepaid expenses
219 212
Basis in foreign entity
2,021 1,118
Other
- -
Total deferred tax liabilities
5,429 4,966
Net deferred tax liabilities
$ - $ -
At December 31, 2024, the Company has net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $53.2 million which may be used to offset future taxable income. This excludes net operating loss carry forwards of $81.1 million it believes will not be eligible to offset future income. The $82.4 million is excluded from the Company's calculation of deferred tax assets prior to the establishment of a valuation allowance. The Company experienced a change in ownership significantly limiting its recognition of net operating loss carryforwards of an acquired subsidiary at July 26, 2019 due to its change in ownership.
The Company’s net operating loss carryforwards include $30.2 million of losses arising prior to December 31, 2017 that expire in 2028 through 2037. Those arising in tax years after 2017 can be carried forward indefinitely. Also, for losses arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 the operating loss deduction is limited to 80% of taxable income (determined without regard to the deduction). The Company has established a valuation allowance to fully reserve the Company's net deferred tax assets at December 31, 2024 based upon its assessment of whether it is more likely than not that the Company will realize its deferred tax assets which includes consideration of the nature and amount of the Company's net losses arising from prior periods. The Company has generated net income from operations for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 and the Company's assessment of the amount of valuation allowance needed could change in future periods.
The Company recognizes the tax benefit or obligation from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based not only on the technical merits of the tax position based on tax law, but also past administrative practices and precedents of the taxing authority. The tax benefits or obligations are recognized in our financial statements if there is a greater than 50% likelihood of the tax benefit or obligation being realized upon ultimate resolution. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had no uncertain tax positions that required recognition.
As of December 31, 2024, the Company's federal income tax return for the year ended December 31, 2022 was under examination by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). The Company does not anticipate any additional amounts to be owed as a result of this examination. Tax returns for years 2020 to 2023 remain subject to examination for both federal and state filings.
13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Environmental Matters
The Company is subject to federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. The Company does not anticipate any expenditures to comply with such laws and regulations that would have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. The Company believes that its operations comply, in all material respects, with applicable federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations.
Litigation, Claims and Contingencies
The Company may become party to various legal actions that arise in the ordinary course of its business. The Company is also subject to audit by tax and other authorities for varying periods in various federal, state and local jurisdictions, and disputes may arise during the course of these audits. It is impossible to determine the ultimate liabilities that the Company may incur resulting from any of these lawsuits, claims, proceedings, audits, commitments, contingencies and related matters or the timing of these liabilities, if any. If these matters were to ultimately be resolved unfavorably, it is possible that such an outcome could have a material adverse effect upon the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or liquidity. The Company, does not, however, anticipate such an outcome and it believes the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or liquidity. Additionally, the Company currently expenses all legal costs as they are incurred.
Other
Future capital expenditures will be dependent upon accretive investment opportunities as well as the availability of additional capital at favorable terms which is difficult to predict. At December 31, 2024, we had open purchase orders with approximately $1.0 million remaining related to future commitments for capital expenditures.
14. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company includes stock compensation expense within general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company recognized total stock-based compensation costs, net of forfeitures, of $1.2 million and $2.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense is related to equity awards to executives and other employees, awarded from the Company's Amended and Restated long-term incentive plan.
Issuance of Stock-based Awards
The Company has a long-term incentive plan, originally approved by the Board of Directors in 2019. In July 2021 and in August 2023, the plan was amended (the “Amended and Restated Plan”) to increase the maximum number of shares of common stock available for issuance from its original 1,675,000 shares to 4,000,000 (in July 2021) and to 5,500,000 (in August 2023). The plan provides for the award of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance awards, dividend equivalents, substitute awards, other stock-based awards, cash awards and/or any combination of the foregoing which may be granted to employees, officers and directors of the Company and affiliates or to any other person who performs services to the Company and affiliates, including independent contractors and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. At December 31, 2024, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the Amended and Restated Plan is 2,129,805 shares.
No participant may receive a grant covering more than 2,000,000 shares of our common stock in any year and a non-employee member of the Board may not be granted more than 100,000 shares in any year. In the event of certain changes in the Company’s common stock such as recapitalization, reclassification, stock split, combination or exchange of shares, stock dividends or the like, appropriate adjustment will be made in the number and kind of shares available for issuance under the Amended and Restated Plan as well as the purchase price, if any, per share.
(a) Stock Appreciation Rights
On June 26, 2023, the Company granted 685,437 stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) under the Amended and Restated Plan, with a $10.00 strike price. The SARs 100% vest when the closing price of the Company's common stock averages $10.00 over 10 (ten) consecutive trading days, prior to January 1, 2025. At December 31, 2024, the SARs had not met the 10 (ten) consecutive trading days requirement and expired on December 31, 2024.
The SARs were valued using a Monte Carlo simulation model and expensed on a straight line basis. Upon expiration, prior amounts expensed were reversed including $11 thousand recognized for the year ended December 31, 2023.
A summary of the Company's SARs activity during the fiscal year 2024 is presented in the following table:
Stock Appreciation Rights
Number of SARs
Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share
Weighted Average Grant Date Value per SARs
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2023
685,437 $ 10.00 $ 0.10 9.5
Granted
- - - -
Vested
- - - -
Expired
(685,437 ) 10.0 0.10 -
Outstanding at December 31, 2024
- - - -
SARs vested and exercisable at December 31, 2024
- - - -
(b) Restricted Stock Units
There were no RSUs granted during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. A summary of the Company's RSUs activity during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are presented in the following table:
# of Restricted Stock Awards and Units Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Unvested at 12/31/2022
210,939 4.43
Vested
(183,762 ) 5.35
Unvested at 12/31/2023
27,177 4.11
Vested
(13,588 ) 4.11
Unvested at 12/31/2024
13,589 4.11
During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company expensed stock based compensation related to restricted stock units of $0.1 million and $0.6 million, respectively.
(c) Stock Options
On February 18, 2022, the Company granted executives 774,505 stock options under the 2019 plan to purchase an equal number of shares of the Company’s common stock, with a strike price equal to $6.00 per share. The stock options will vest equally over a three-year vesting period. The Company estimated the value of the options using a valuation model. The full aggregate fair value determined was $1.5 million using observable inputs from trading values of the Company's shares of stock. The stock options are expensed over the vesting period. Assumptions used in determining the valuation of the options included the following:
•
A strike price of $6.00 with 3 year vesting terms and the closing price of the common stock of $4.11.
•
The risk free rate assumed the average return of a U.S. Treasury bill of 3 years (the vesting period), which was approximately 0.7% at February 18, 2022.
•
$0 dividends, as we have not historically paid dividends.
•
A term of 6.5 years, which was determined as the midpoint between the vesting period of 3 years with an anticipated expiration date of 10 years.
•
Volatility of approximately 44%.
A summary of the Company's stock option awards activity during the fiscal years 2024 and 2023 are presented in the following table:
Number of Options
Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share
Weighted Average Grant Date Value per Option
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2022
2,074,505 $ 8.51 $ 2.11 8.9
Granted
- - - -
Outstanding at December 31, 2023
2,074,505 8.51 2.11 7.9
Granted
- - - -
Outstanding at December 31, 2024
2,074,505 8.51 2.11 6.8
Options vested and exercisable at December 31, 2024
1,816,336 $ 8.86 $ 2.14 6.8
During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company expensed stock based compensation related to stock options of $1.1 million and $1.5 million, respectively, which is included in general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Unrecognized Stock-Based Compensation
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $0.1 million, of unrecognized compensation costs, related to 13,589 outstanding RSUs and 258,169 stock options, expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of less than one year. All RSUs and stock options are expected to vest.
Common Stock
The Company is authorized to issue up to 37,500,000 shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share. The following table summarizes issuances of shares of our common stock for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (amounts in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
Issuance
Additional disclosure
Vesting of employee stock awards (1)
Stock-Based Compensation discussion above
11,623 153,324
(1)
Amounts are net of shares withheld to cover employee tax payments. Amounts vested are for various employees.
Preferred Stock
Our Board of Directors has the authority, without stockholder approval, to issue up to 1,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value. The authorized Preferred Stock may be issued by the Board of Directors in one or more series and with the rights, privileges and limitations of the Preferred Stock determined by the Board of Directors. The rights, preferences, powers and limitations of different series of Preferred Stock may differ with respect to dividend rates, amounts payable on liquidation, voting rights, conversion rights, redemption provisions, sinking fund provisions, and other matters. As of December 31, 2024, we have no Preferred Stock issued or outstanding.
Employee 401(k) Plan
The Company has established a savings plan ("Savings Plan") which is qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Eligible employees may elect to make contributions to the Savings Plan through salary deferrals of up to 90% of their base pay, subject to Internal Revenue Code limitations. The Company contributes to the Savings Plans, subject to limitations. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company contributed $327 thousand and $274 thousand, respectively, in matching contributions to the Savings Plan.
15. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
The Company's supplemental disclosure of cash flow information for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid
$ 575 $ 667
Income taxes paid, net
426 153
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Acquisitions of fixed assets included within accounts payable and accrued expenses
$ 175 $ 240
Right-of-use asset acquired under operating leases
167 -
Equipment acquired under finance lease
347 -
Insurance premium financing
1,042 1,139
16. NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE
The calculation of net income (loss) per common share for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are presented below. For both the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 securities that were excluded that would have had an anti-diluted effect consist of stock options of 2,074,505. For the year ended December 31, 2023 SARs of 658,437 were excluded. No SARs were outstanding as of December 31, 2024. For the year ended December 31, 2024, dilutive securities consisted of RSUs of 13,589 or 11,981 (net of the treasury stock method). For the year ended December 31, 2023, dilutive securities consisted of RSUs of 27,177 or 12,324 (net of the treasury stock method).
Year Ended
December 31,
Weighted average shares:
Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding
18,583,485 18,496,376
Dilutive securities
11,981 12,324
Total shares including dilutive securities
18,595,466 18,508,700
Net income
$ 4,599 $ 125
Net income per common share:
Basic net income per common share
0.25 0.01
Diluted net income per common share
0.25 0.01
17. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
Management Transition
On January 31, 2025, the Company appointed the Company’s Chairman of the Board, J. Casey Crenshaw, as its Executive Chairman, and interim President and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Crenshaw will replace Westervelt T. Ballard, Jr., who has mutually agreed with the Company to terminate his employment as the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer and has voluntarily resigned his position as a director. In his new role, Mr. Crenshaw will assume day-to-day operations leadership. Mr. Crenshaw, co-founded the Company in 2013 and has remained actively involved in the Company since its inception. In connection with Mr. Crenshaw’s position as Executive Chairman, the Company’s Board of Directors and Compensation Committee have approved annual cash compensation of $500,000 to Mr. Crenshaw. Mr. Crenshaw will not receive additional compensation for his roles as interim President and Chief Executive Officer.
Release and Consulting Agreement
Effective January 31, 2025, the Company entered into a release and consulting agreement with Westervelt T. Ballard, Jr. (formerly the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer) pursuant to which the Company and Mr. Ballard mutually agreed to terminate his employment as President and Chief Executive Officer and Mr. Ballard transitioned to a consultant of the Company. Additionally, Mr. Ballard voluntarily resigned as a member of the Company’s Board of Directors. Under the release and consulting agreement, the Company will pay Mr. Ballard separation pay of $1.0 million, paid in equal or near equal installments over a twelve month period, and additional pay of $41 thousand representing an amount equal to a prorated bonus at "target" performance that Mr. Ballard would have received for his 2025 performance. Additionally, Mr. Ballard will receive a payment of $49 thousand per month for the remainder of 2025 for his consulting services. The Company and Mr. Ballard agreed that 7,765 unvested restricted stock units and 147,525 unvested stock options granted under the Company's long-term incentive plan would vest as of the date of separation of employment, and that the period during which all of Mr. Ballard's stock options may be exercised shall expire December 31, 2025. Mr. Ballard will remain in a consulting role for the Company through the end of 2025.
Mr. Ballard’s termination resulted in his forfeiture of approximately $0.5 million of 2024 non-equity incentive plan compensation which is not included in the financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company anticipates that it will record additional expense of approximately $1.6 million related to Mr. Ballard’s cumulative separation pay, additional pay and consulting pay as well an estimated $.4 million in additional non-cash stock compensation expense related to the adjustment of the exercise period of his options to December 31, 2025 during 2025 related to the release and consulting agreement.
Related Party Lease
Subsequent to December 31, 2024, the Company amended its month-to-month lease with The Modern Group, a related party, to increase its rent to $28 thousand per month effective March 1, 2025 and to extend the lease term to June 30, 2026. See Note 11 for further discussion of the Company’s related parties.

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act, we have evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. Based upon the evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at December 31, 2024 at the reasonable assurance level.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission on Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2024 based on these criteria. This annual report does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to section 404(c) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, that permits the Company, as a smaller reporting company, to provide only management’s report in this annual report.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None of the Company's officers or directors adopted, modified or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement during the Company's fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2024, as such terms are defined under Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Directors and Executive Officers of Stabilis Solutions, Inc.
The following table sets forth the names, ages (as of February 25, 2024) and titles of our current executive officers and directors.
Name
Age
Position
J. Casey Crenshaw
Executive Chairman and Interim President and Chief Executive Officer
Andrew L. Puhala
Chief Financial Officer
Benjamin J. Broussard
Director
Stacey B. Crenshaw
Director
Edward L. Kuntz
Director
Peter C. Mitchell
Director
Matthew W. Morris
Director
J. Casey Crenshaw
Executive Chairman and Interim President and Chief Executive Officer
J. Casey Crenshaw, age 50, is the Interim President and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Chairman, effective January 31, 2025 as discussed in Note 17 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Mr. Casey served as Non-Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors of Stabilis since August 23, 2021 and as Executive Chairman from July 26, 2019 until August 23, 2021. He served on the Board of Directors of American Electric Technologies, Inc. from 2012 to July 2019 and as the Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors of Stabilis Energy, LLC from November 2018 until July 2019. Mr. Crenshaw served as President, CEO, and Chairman of the Board of Stabilis Energy, LLC from its formation in February 2013 until November 2018. Mr. Crenshaw also serves as President and a member of the Board of Directors of The Modern Group, Ltd., a privately-owned diversified manufacturing, parts and distribution, rental/leasing and finance business headquartered in Beaumont, Texas. Mr. Crenshaw has held various executive positions with The Modern Group since 1997, including over 10 years as Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Crenshaw holds a B.A. in Finance from Texas A&M University. Mr. Crenshaw is the spouse of director Stacey B. Crenshaw.
Andrew L. Puhala
Chief Financial Officer
Andrew L. Puhala, age 55, has been Chief Financial Officer of Stabilis since November 2018. From August 2017 until November 2018, Mr. Puhala served as VP of Finance for The Modern Group, Ltd. From September 2015 to June 2017 he served as Chief Financial Officer of ERA Group Inc. (NYSE:ERA), a provider of helicopter transport services primarily to the energy industry. Mr. Puhala served as Chief Financial Officer of American Electric Technologies, Inc. from January 2013 to September 2015 and CFO of AccessESP from 2011- 2012. Mr. Puhala held a variety of senior financial roles at Baker Hughes, Inc. from 1996 - 2011 including VP finance - Middle East Region, Division Controller and Assistant Treasurer. Mr. Puhala is a Certified Public Accountant and received a B.B.A. in Accounting and an M.P.A. from the University of Texas at Austin.
Benjamin J. Broussard
Director
Benjamin J. Broussard, age 45, was appointed to the Board of Directors of Stabilis on July 26, 2019. Mr. Broussard has been the Chief Financial Officer for The Modern Group, Ltd. since March 2021. Since joining The Modern Group in 2013 until March 2021 he served as the Director of Finance. Mr. Broussard began his career as a commercial banker with Washington Mutual Bank in 2001. After leaving the bank in 2008, he worked at T-Mobile until 2011 and as a consultant to Microsoft’s Global Procurement Group from 2011 to 2013. Mr. Broussard holds a B.A. from the University of Notre Dame and J.D. from South Texas College of Law Houston.
Stacey B. Crenshaw
Director
Stacey B. Crenshaw, age 48, was appointed to the Board of Directors of Stabilis on February 4, 2020. She co-founded Stabilis Energy, LLC in 2013. Prior to her role with Stabilis she was a practicing attorney with Germer Gertz, LLP from 2002 to 2004. Mrs. Crenshaw is the owner of ClaraVaille, a designer and retailer of custom jewelry. Mrs. Crenshaw is also actively involved in her local community through leadership roles at the Neches River Festival and the Symphony League of Beaumont. From 2006 to 2011 she was the founder and director of CHAD’s Place, a non-profit that held conferences and provided support groups for the bereaved. Mrs. Crenshaw has also served or is serving on several boards including Family Services of Southeast Texas, All Saints Episcopal School, the advisory board of the Art Museum of Southeast Texas and as a Trustee of Episcopal High School in Houston, Texas. Mrs. Crenshaw received a Bachelor of Liberal Arts degree in Journalism from Texas A&M University and a Doctor of Jurisprudence degree from the University of Houston Law Center. Mrs. Crenshaw is the spouse of director J. Casey Crenshaw.
Edward L. Kuntz
Director
Edward L. Kuntz, age 80, was appointed to the Board of Directors of Stabilis on July 26, 2019. Mr. Kuntz is the former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Kindred Healthcare, formerly a diversified provider of post-acute care services in the United States. From 1998 through May 2014 he served as Chairman of the Board of Directors of Kindred and as Chief Executive Officer from 1998 to 2004. Mr. Kuntz was also the Chairman of the Board of Directors of U.S Physical Therapy, Inc., a publicly held operator of physical therapy clinics and related businesses, where he was a director from 2014 to May 2024. From 2000 through 2016, Mr. Kuntz served as a director of Rotech Healthcare, Inc., one of the largest providers of home medical equipment and related products and services in the United States. He served on the Board of Directors and as Chairman of the Audit Committee of American Electric Technologies, Inc. from September 2013 to July 2019. Mr. Kuntz received B.A., J.D. and L.L.M. degrees from Temple University.
Peter C. Mitchell
Director
Peter C. Mitchell, age 69, was appointed to the Board of Directors of Stabilis on July 26, 2019. Mr. Mitchell currently is a member of the Board of Directors and Audit Committee Chair of Northcliff Resources Ltd.and Taseko Mines Limited. He was most recently Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Coeur Mining, Inc. a leading precious metals producer, which owns and operates mines throughout North America, including the Palmarejo complex in Mexico, one of the world’s largest silver mines. Peter joined Coeur as CFO in 2013, and was responsible for investor relations, financial planning and analysis, financial reporting, information technology, tax and compliance, in addition to serving as a key team member on acquisition and divestiture activities and leading all capital markets activity in multiple equity and debt financings. Previously, he held executive leadership positions in finance and operations with a variety of U.S. and Canadian companies both public and private equity sponsored, among them Taseko Mines Ltd., Vatterott Education Centers, Von Hoffmann Corporation and Crown Packaging Ltd. Mr. Mitchell is a former member of the Board of Directors and Audit Committee Chair for Northern Dynasty Minerals Ltd. and Montage Gold Corporation, where he was also non-executive Chairman. He earned a B.A. in Economics from Western University, an MBA from the University of British Columbia, and is a Chartered Accountant (CPA-CA).
Matthew W. Morris
Director
Matthew W. Morris, age 53, was appointed to the Board of Directors of Stabilis on November 2, 2021. Mr. Morris has served as a director for Cornerstone Strategic Value Fund, Inc., and Cornerstone Total Return Fund, Inc. since November 2017, and is a member of the Audit Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee for both companies. Mr. Morris also serves as a director of Stewart Information Services Corporation where he previously served as CEO from 2011 to September 9, 2019. Prior to serving as CEO, he served in various executive management positions for Stewart Information Services Corporation, Stewart Title Company and Stewart Title Guaranty Company. He previously served as director for a strategic litigation consulting firm, offering trial, and settlement sciences, crisis management and communications strategy. In addition to his board service, Mr. Morris is the founder and CEO of Lutroco, LLC, a private investment and advisory firm engaging purpose driven entrepreneurs for growth and impact. He received a Bachelor of Business Administration in organizational behavior and business policy from Southern Methodist University, and a Master of Business Administration with a concentration in finance from The University of Texas.
Director Independence
The Board has determined that Messrs. Peter C. Mitchell, Edward L. Kuntz and Matthew W. Morris are currently the Company's independent directors as defined by the rules and regulations of The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC ("NASDAQ") and SEC.
The NASDAQ definition of independence includes a series of objective tests, such as that the director is not an employee of the Company and has not engaged in various types of business dealings involving the Company, which would prevent a director from being independent.
Board Committees
The Company has appointed certain non-employee Board members to the Audit Committee and the Compensation Committee. Both Committees are governed by charters adopted by the Board. The charters establish the purposes of the Committees as well as membership guidelines. They also define the authority, responsibilities and procedures of each Committee in relation to the Committee’s role in supporting the Board and assisting the Board in discharging its duties in supervising and governing the Company.
The Audit Committee consist of Messrs. Peter C. Mitchell (Chair), Edward L. Kuntz and Matthew W. Morris. The Board has determined that Mr. Mitchell satisfies the definition of “audit committee financial expert.”
The Audit Committee oversees, reviews, acts on and reports on various auditing and accounting matters to the Board, including the selection of our independent registered public accounting firm, the scope of our annual audits, fees to be paid to the independent registered public accounting firm, the performance of our independent registered public accounting firm and our accounting practices. In addition, the Audit Committee oversees our compliance programs relating to legal and regulatory requirements. The Audit Committee also reviews any potential related party transactions between the Company and its executive officers and directors.
The Compensation Committee consist of Messrs. J. Casey Crenshaw (Chair), Peter C. Mitchell, Edward L. Kuntz and Matthew W. Morris.
The Compensation Committee has the responsibility for developing and maintaining an executive compensation policy that creates a direct relationship between pay levels and corporate performance and returns to stockholders. The Board monitors the results of such policy to assure that the compensation payable to our executive officers provides overall competitive pay levels, creates proper incentives to enhance stockholder value, rewards superior performance, and is justified by the returns available to stockholders. Additionally, the Board administers compensation plans in a manner consistent with the terms of such plans (including, as applicable, the granting of stock options, restricted stock, stock units and other awards, the review of performance goals established for the relevant plan year, and the determination of performance compared to the goals at the end of the plan year). None of our executive officers served as a director or member of the Compensation Committee of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on our Board.
Business Ethics and Conduct Policy
We have adopted a Code of Business Ethics and Conduct that is applicable to all employees, officers and members of our Board. The Company has made the Code of Business Ethics and Conduct available on its website at www.stabilis-solutions.com.
Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our officers and directors and persons who own more than 10% of our common stock to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership of our common stock with the SEC. Based on our review of the copies of such reports, we believe that all such reports required by Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act were in compliance with such filing requirements during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.
Insider Trading Policy
The Company has an Insider Trading Policy governing the purchase, sale and/or other dispositions of the Company's securities that applies to all directors, officers and employees. The policy is designed to promote compliance with insider trading laws, rules and regulations, and listing standards applicable to the Company. A copy of the Insider Trading Policy is filed with the annual report on Form 10-K as Exhibit 19.1.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Overview & Oversight of Compensation Program
We believe our success depends on the continued contributions of our named executive officers. We have established our executive compensation program to attract, motivate, and retain our key employees in order to enable us to maximize our profitability and value over the long term. Our policies are also intended to support the achievement of our strategic objectives by aligning the interests of our executive officers with those of our shareholders through operational and financial performance goals and equity-based compensation. We expect that our compensation program will continue to be focused on building long-term shareholder value by attracting, motivating and retaining talented, experienced executives and other key employees. Currently, our Principal Executive Officer oversees the compensation programs for our executive officers.
Named Executive Officers
We are currently considered a smaller reporting company within the meaning of the Securities Act, for purposes of the SEC’s executive compensation disclosure rules. In accordance with such rules, we are required to provide a Summary Compensation Table and an Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End Table, as well as limited narrative disclosures regarding executive compensation for our last completed fiscal year. Further, our reporting obligations extend only to our “named executive officers” ("NEO"), who are the individual who served as our principal executive officer during the last completed fiscal year, and the individual who served as our principal financial officer during the last completed fiscal year.
Our named executive officers and their principal positions as of December 31, 2024 are:
Name
Principal Position
Westervelt T. Ballard, Jr. (1)
Chief Executive Officer, President
Andrew L. Puhala
Chief Financial Officer
(1)
As discussed above, our NEOs were determined as of December 31, 2024 and are listed above with the titles they held as of that date. In January 2025 we announced changes to our management team. Effective January 31, 2025, Mr. Ballard and the Company mutually agreed to terminate his employment as Chief Executive Officer and President.
Summary Compensation Table
The following table sets forth information concerning compensation of our named executive officers who served during the year ended December 31, 2024:
Name and Principal Position
Year
Salary ($)
Bonus ($)(1)
Stock Awards ($)(2)
Option Awards ($)(3)
Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($)(4)
All other compensation ($) (5)
Total ($)
Westervelt T. Ballard, Jr.,
540,000
$ -
$ -
$ -
-
$ 11,872
$ 551,872
Chief Executive Officer
533,333
$ -
$ 33,413
$ -
740,974
$ 12,200
$ 1,319,920
Andrew Puhala,
340,200
-
-
-
122,472
13,520
476,192
Chief Financial Officer
336,000
-
8,183
-
186,726
13,200
544,109
(1)
No bonus was earned for the fiscal years 2024 and 2023.
(2)
The amount represents the full aggregate grant date fair value of stock appreciation right awards ("SARs") granted during fiscal year 2023 computed in accordance with FASB ASC 718. SARs are valued using the Monte Carlo Method. These amounts do not represent the actual value that may be realized by named executive officers. The SARs expired unexercised on December 31, 2024.
(3)
No stock options were granted during the fiscal years 2024 and 2023.
(4)
Mr. Ballard did not earn the performance award for 2024 performance because he separated from the Company prior to the payout. See "Employment, Severance or Change of Control Agreements - Release and Consulting Agreement for Mr. Ballard" below and Note 17 - Subsequent Event of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information. Pursuant to his Annual Incentive Plan, Mr. Ballard received the performance award of $740,974 for 2023 performance. Mr. Puhala earned performance awards of $122,472 for 2024 performance and $186,726 for 2023 performance, respectively.
(5)
Consist of employer contributed 401K contributions.
Outstanding Equity Awards
The following table below provides information regarding outstanding restricted stock unit, stock option and stock appreciation rights awards held by the named executive officers as of December 31, 2024:
Option Awards
Stock Awards
Name
Number of shares or units of stock Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Exercisable
Number of shares or units of stock Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Unexercisable
Equity incentive plan awards: Number of securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Options (#)
Option Exercise Price ($)
Option Expiration Date
Equity incentive plan awards: Number of unearned shares or units of stock that have not vested (#)
Market value of unearned shares or units of stock that have not vested ($) (1)
Westervelt T. Ballard, Jr.
1,300,000
-
$ -
$ 10.00
8/23/2031
-
$ -
Westervelt T. Ballard, Jr.
295,048
147,526
-
6.00
2/18/2032
7,765
31,914
Andrew Puhala
59,010
29,505
-
6.00
2/18/2032
1,553
6,383
(1)
The amount represents the grant date fair value of restricted stock units. Restricted stock units are valued at market price of the Company's common stock at the closing price at the date of grant. These amounts do not represent the actual value that may be realized by named executive officers.
Employment, Severance or Change in Control Agreements
Employment and Separation Arrangements for Mr. Ballard
The Company entered into an Employment Agreement with Mr. Ballard on August 23, 2021 (the “Employment Agreement”) pursuant to which it agreed for a term of three years (unless terminated earlier pursuant to the terms of the Employment Agreement), subject to successive one-year extensions, to employ Mr. Ballard as its President and Chief Executive Officer. The Company agreed to cause Mr. Ballard to be elected to the Board and thereafter to cause him to be nominated as a director and recommend his election to stockholders on an annual basis during the term of his employment.
In consideration of his services, the Company agreed to pay Mr. Ballard an annualized base salary of not less than $500,000. Mr. Ballard was entitled to participate in the Company’s Annual Bonus Plan, with a target bonus based on performance to be determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and to initially range from 50% of Mr. Ballard’s base salary for “threshold” performance, to 100% of his base salary for “target” performance, and 150% of his base salary for “maximum” performance. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Mr. Ballard’s bonus target for calendar year 2021 was prorated in the amount of $125,000. Additionally, the Company granted Mr. Ballard 500,000 restricted stock units (“RSUs”) under the Company’s 2019 Long Term Incentive Plan, of which (i) 250,000 RSUs vested on August 23, 2021, (ii) 125,000 RSUs vested on August 23, 2022, and (iii) 125,000 RSUs vested on August 23, 2023. The Company also agreed to grant Mr. Ballard 1,300,000 options to purchase the Company’s common stock under the 2019 Long Term Incentive Plan, with a strike price equal to $10.00 per share, of which (i) 442,000 options vested on August 23, 2022, (ii) 429,000 options vested on August 23, 2023, and (iii) 429,000 options vested on August 23, 2024. Mr. Ballard was not be permitted to exercise any of the options while he is employed by the Company on or before the expiration of his term of employment, unless (Y) in connection with a sale of an equal number of more of shares of stock by the Company’s Chairman of the Board, or (Z) the Company’s stock has traded at $20.00 or more per share for at least 120 consecutive days. Mr. Ballard was also be eligible to participate in all of the Company’s discretionary short-term and long-term incentive compensation plans and programs and other employee benefit plans which are generally made available to other similarly situated senior executives of the Company.
Release and Consulting Agreement for Mr. Ballard
Effective January 31, 2025, the Company entered into a release and consulting agreement with Mr. Ballard pursuant to which the Company and Mr. Ballard mutually agreed to terminate his employment as President and Chief Executive Officer and Mr. Ballard transitioned to a consultant of the Company. Additionally, Mr. Ballard voluntarily resigned as a member of the Company’s Board of Directors. Under the release and consulting agreement, the Company will pay Mr. Ballard separation pay of $1.0 million, paid in equal or near equal installments over a twelve month period, and additional pay of $41 thousand representing an amount equal to a prorated bonus at "target" performance the Mr. Ballard would have received for his 2025 performance. Additionally, Mr. Ballard will receive a payment of $49 thousand per month for the remainder of 2025 for his consulting services. The Company and Mr. Ballard agreed that 7,765 unvested restricted stock units and 147,525 unvested stock options granted under the Company's long-term incentive plan would vest as of the date of separation of employment, and that period during which all of Mr. Ballard's stock options may be exercised shall expire December 31, 2025.
Policies and Practices for Granting Equity Awards
The Compensation Committee has the responsibility for developing and maintaining an executive compensation policy including the granting of equity awards, consisting of stock appreciation rights, stock options, restricted stock units, restricted stock awards and similar instruments. The Board monitors the results of such policies.
As such, The Company does not grant and has not granted equity awards in anticipation of the release of material nonpublic information, nor timed the release of material nonpublic information based on grant dates of such instruments for the purpose of affecting the value of executive compensation.
Elements of Compensation
Historically, we have compensated our named executive officers with annual base salaries, non-equity annual cash incentive compensation and employee benefits. We expect that these elements will continue to constitute the primary elements of our compensation program, although the relative proportions of each element, and the specific plan and award designs, will likely evolve. Additionally, our named executive officers may be awarded long-term equity incentives in the form of restricted stock awards and stock options.
Base Salary
Base salary is the fixed annual compensation we pay to each of our named executive officers for carrying out their specific job responsibilities. Base salaries are a major component of the total annual cash compensation paid to our named executive officers. Base salaries are determined after taking into account many factors, including (a) the responsibilities of the officer, the level of experience and expertise required for the position and the strategic impact of the position; (b) the need to recognize each officer’s unique value and demonstrated individual contribution, as well as future contributions; (c) the performance of the company and each officer; and (d) salaries paid for comparable positions in similarly-situated companies.
For the amounts of base salary that our named executive officers received in 2024 and 2023, see “Executive Compensation-Summary Compensation Table.”
Our Board reviews the base salaries for each named executive officer periodically as well as at the time of any promotion or significant change in job responsibilities and, in connection with each review, our Board considers individual and company performance over the course of the relevant time period. The Board may make adjustments to base salaries for named executive officers upon consideration of any factors that it deems relevant, including but not limited to: (a) any increase or decrease in the named executive officer’s responsibilities, (b) the named executive officer’s job performance, and (c) the level of compensation paid to senior executives of other companies with whom we compete for executive talent, as estimated based on publicly available information and the experience of our directors.
Annual Cash Bonuses and Annual Non-equity Incentive Plan Compensation
For the years ended December 31, 2024, Mr. Ballard was not awarded the performance award for 2024 performance because he separated from the Company prior to the payout. See "Employment, Severance or Change of Control Agreements - Release and Consulting Agreement for Mr. Ballard" and Note 17 - Subsequent Event, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information. For the year ended December 31, 2023 Mr. Ballard received the performance award of $740,974 for 2023 performance. Mr. Puhala earned non-equity incentive plan compensation of $122,472 and $186,726 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Other Benefits
We offer participation in broad-based retirement, health and welfare plans to all of our employees.
Risk Considerations
The Compensation Committee considers whether the Company’s compensation policies and practices for both executives and other employees encourage unnecessary or excessive risk taking.
Base salaries are not believed to encourage excessive risk taking. The Company’s Executive Performance Bonus Program does focus on achievement of annual Company and/or individual performance goals, but both the Company and individual goals are considered appropriate for achievement without unnecessary and excess risk taking.
Pension Benefits
We have not maintained and do not currently maintain a defined benefit pension plan or a supplemental executive retirement plan. Instead, our employees, including our named executive officers, may participate in a retirement plan intended to provide benefits under section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “401(k) Plan”) pursuant to which employees are allowed to contribute a portion of their base compensation to a tax-qualified retirement account in a defined safe harbor 401(k) Plan, subject to limitations.
Non-Qualified Defined Contribution and Other Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plans
We have not had and do not currently have any defined contribution or other plan that provides for the deferral of compensation on a basis that is not tax-qualified.
Amended and Restated 2019 Long Term Incentive Plan
The Company has a long-term incentive plan which was approved by the Board of Directors on December 9, 2019 (the “2019 Plan”). In July 2021 and in August 2023, the plan was amended (the “Amended and Restated Plan”) to increase the maximum number of shares of common stock available for issuance from its original 1,675,000 shares to 4,000,000 shares (in July 2021) and to 5,500,000 (in August 2023).
Awards under the Amended and Restated Plan may be granted to employees, officers and directors of the Company and affiliates, and any other person who provides services to the Company and its affiliates (including independent contractors and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries). Awards may be granted in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance awards, dividend equivalents, substitute awards, other stock-based awards, cash awards and/or any combination of the foregoing. No participant may receive a grant covering more than 2,000,000 shares of our common stock in any year and a non-employee member of the Board may not be granted more than 100,000 shares in any year.
Director Compensation
Our Board of Directors believes that attracting and retaining qualified non-employee directors will be critical to the future value growth and governance of our company. The Company established the fee for service as an independent director at the rate of $100,000 per year payable 100% in cash.
The members of the Board of Directors are also eligible for reimbursement of their expenses incurred in attending board meetings in accordance with our policies.
Directors who are not determined to be independent do not receive any additional compensation for their service on our Board of Directors.
The following table describes the compensation earned by each individual who served as an independent director during 2024:
Name
Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($)
Stock Awards ($)
All Other Compensation ($)
Totals ($)
Edward L. Kuntz
$ 100,000
$ -
$ -
$ 100,000
Peter C. Mitchell
100,000
-
-
100,000
Matthew W. Morris
100,000
-
-
100,000
Total
$ 300,000
$ -
$ -
$ 300,000

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The table below sets forth information, as of February 25, 2025, the amount and percentage of our outstanding shares of common stock beneficially owned by (i) each person known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of our outstanding common stock, (ii) each director, (iii) each of our named executive officers, and (iv) all of our directors and executive officers as a group. Unless otherwise noted, the following table is based on 18,598,603 shares outstanding as of February 25, 2025.
Common Stock
Name
Number of Shares
Percent of Class
J. Casey Crenshaw (1)
13,249,730
71.2 %
Stacey B. Crenshaw (1)
13,249,730
71.2 %
LNG Investment Company, LLC
12,580,808
67.7 %
Westervelt T. Ballard, Jr. (3) (4)
2,156,314
10.6 %
Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. (2)
1,470,807
7.9 %
Andrew L. Puhala (3) (4)
129,101
*
Edward L. Kuntz (3)
58,172
*
Peter C. Mitchell (3)
25,000
*
Matthew W. Morris (3)
16,000
*
Benjamin J. Broussard (3)
3,000
*
All directors and officers as a group of (7) persons
13,481,011
72.1 %
* Indicates less than 1%.
(1)
Consists of (i) 12,580,808 shares owned by LNG Investment Company, LLC; (ii) 657,922 shares owned by JCH Crenshaw Holdings, LLC (“JCH”); (iii) 11,000 shares of Common Stock currently held by Mr. Crenshaw. Mr. Crenshaw may be deemed to have voting and dispositive power over the securities held by each of LNG Investment Company, LLC and JCH by virtue of being the sole manager of LNG Investment Company, LLC and the sole managing member of JCH; thus, he may also be deemed to be the beneficial owner of these securities. Mrs. Crenshaw, as the spouse of Mr. Crenshaw, may be deemed to share voting and dispositive power over the securities held by each Mr. Crenshaw, JCH and LNG Investment Company, LLC. Mr. and Mrs. Crenshaw each disclaim any beneficial ownership of the securities owned by LNG Investment Company, LLC, JCH and their respective spouses in excess of their pecuniary interest in such securities.
(2)
Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Chart Industries, Inc. which manages the investments of Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Jillian C. Evanko is the President and Chief Executive Officer of Chart Industries, Inc. and has voting and investment power over the shares held by Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. The business address of Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. is 8665 New Trails Drive, Suite 100, The Woodlands, Texas 77381. The business address of Chart Industries, Inc. is 3055 Torrington Drive, Ball Ground, Georgia 30107.
(3)
Unless otherwise noted, the address of the stockholders is c/o Stabilis Solutions, Inc. 11750 Katy Freeway, Suite 900, Houston, Texas 77079.
(4)
Includes stock options vested but unexercised.
Equity Compensation Plan
Amended and Restated 2019 Long Term Incentive Plan
On December 9, 2019, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the 2019 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”). In July 2021 and in August 2023, the plan was amended (the “Amended and Restated Plan”) to increase the maximum number of shares of common stock available for issuance from its original 1,675,000 shares to 4,000,000 shares (in July 2021) and to 5,500,000 (in August 2023). Awards under the Amended and Restated Plan may be granted to employees, officers and directors of the Company and affiliates, and any other person who provides services to the Company and its affiliates (including independent contractors and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries). Awards may be granted in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance awards, dividend equivalents, substitute awards, other stock-based awards, cash awards and/or any combination of the foregoing. No participant may receive a grant covering more than 2,000,000 shares of our common stock in any year and a non-employee member of the Board may not be granted more than 100,000 shares in any year.
At December 31, 2024, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the Amended and Restated Plan is 1,442,067 shares. In the event of certain changes in the Company’s common stock such as recapitalization, reclassification, stock split, combination or exchange of shares, stock dividends or the like, appropriate adjustment will be made in the number and kind of shares available for issuance under the Amended and Restated Plan as well as the purchase price, if any, per share.
The following table summarizes information about the outstanding equity plan as of December 31, 2024.
Plan Category
Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights (1)
Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options (2)
Number of securities remaining available under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (1)) (3)(a)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
2,074,505
$ 8.51
2,129,805
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
-
-
-
Total
2,074,505
$ 8.51
2,129,805
(1)
Includes shares of common stock issuable upon vesting of outstanding restricted stock units (RSUs) and outstanding stock options.
(2)
The weighted average exercise price represents the exercise price for 2,074,505. The weighted average exercise price does not take into account the shares issuable upon vesting of outstanding RSUs, which convert to common stock on a one-to-one basis.
(3)
Consists of the shares available for future issuance under the Amended and Restated Plan for services by eligible employees, board members, independent contractors and consultants. See Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
In the ordinary course of our business, we may enter into transactions with our directors, officers and 5% or greater stockholders.
Finance Lease Obligations
J. Casey Crenshaw (our Chairman of the Board) is the beneficial owner of 50% of the Modern Group, Ltd. (“The Modern Group”), and is deemed to jointly control The Modern Group with family members. Stacey Crenshaw (a member of our Board) is the spouse of J. Casey Crenshaw. Additionally, the following individuals serve in various leadership capacities for The Modern Group: J. Casey Crenshaw (our Chairman of the Board) as President and Ben Broussard (a member of our Board) as Chief Financial Officer of both The Modern Group as well as its subsidiary, MG Finance Co., Ltd. The Company leases office space from The Modern Group.
Other Purchases
The Company purchases supplies and services from a subsidiary of The Modern Group. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, purchases from The Modern Group totaled $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively. The Company had no sales to The Modern Group in 2024 or 2023. There was no receivable due from The Modern Group as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, amounts due to The Modern Group were immaterial, and included in accounts payable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. (“Chart E&C”) beneficially owns 7.9% of our outstanding common stock. The Company purchases services from Chart E&C. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, purchases from Chart E&C totaled $0.6 million and $0.7 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, amounts due to Chart E&C were immaterial, and included in accounts payable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Indemnification Agreements
Currently there are no indemnification agreements in place with our directors of officers.
Review, Approval or Ratification of Transactions with Related Persons
The Audit Committee, which is comprised solely of independent directors, is responsible for reviewing related party transactions involving directors and executive officers. In addition, our Board is responsible for approving all related party transactions between us and any officer or director that would potentially require disclosure. The Board expects that any transactions in which related persons have a direct or indirect interest will be presented to the Board for review and approval but we have no written policy in place at this time.
Director Independence
The Board has determined that Messrs. Peter C. Mitchell, Matthew W. Morris and Edward L. Kuntz are currently the Company's independent directors as defined by the rules and regulations of The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC ("NASDAQ") and SEC.
The NASDAQ definition of independence includes a series of objective tests, such as that the director is not an employee of the Company and has not engaged in various types of business dealings involving the Company, which would prevent a director from being independent.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The following table shows the aggregate fees billed to us for professional services rendered by Ham, Langston & Brezina, L.L.P., our independent registered public accounting firm, during the periods presented:
Year Ended December 31,
Types of Fees
Audit Fees (1)
$ 262,000
$ 270,780
Audit-Related Fees (2)
-
-
Tax Fees (3)
-
-
Other Fees (4)
-
-
Total Fees
$ 262,000
$ 270,780
(1)
Audit fees consist of fees billed for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements and review of our interim condensed consolidated financial statements included in our quarterly reports, professional services rendered in connection with our filing of various registration statements (such as registration statements on Form S-8 and Form S-1, including related comfort letters) and other services that are normally provided by Ham, Langston & Brezina, L.L.P. in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements.
(2)
Audit-related fees consist of fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our consolidated financial statements and are not reported as audit fees. Ham, Langston & Brezina, L.L.P. rendered no such services for us in 2024 or 2023.
(3)
Tax fees consist of fees billed for professional services rendered for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning (domestic and international). Ham, Langston & Brezina, L.L.P. rendered no such services for us in 2024 or 2023.
(4)
All other fees consist of fees billed for products and services other than the services described in notes (1), (2) and (3) above. Ham, Langston & Brezina, L.L.P. rendered no such services for us in 2024 or 2023.
Audit Committee’s Pre-Approval Policies
The Audit Committee’s policy is to pre-approve all audit services and all permitted non-audit services (including the fees and terms thereof) to be provided by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm; provided, however, pre-approval requirements for non-audit services are not required if all such services (1) do not aggregate to more than five percent of total revenues paid by the Company to its independent registered public accounting firm in the fiscal year when services are provided; (2) were not recognized as non-audit services at the time of the engagement; and (3) are promptly brought to the attention of the Audit Committee and approved prior to the completion of the audit by the Audit Committee.
•
The Audit Committee pre-approved all of the fees described above.
•
The Audit Committee considers whether the provision of the above services other than audit services is compatible with maintaining auditor independence; however, no such non-audit services were performed by Ham, Langston & Brezina, L.L.P. in 2024 or 2023.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) The following document are filed as part of this report:
(1) Consolidated Financial Statements
The following items are filed in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this report:
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(2) Financial Statement Schedules
All financial statement schedules have been omitted, since the required information is not applicable or is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto.
(3) Index to Exhibits
The information required by this Item 15(a)(3) is set forth on the exhibit index, which immediately precedes the signature page to this report and is incorporated herein by reference.