EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1117057
Filing Year: 2021
Filename: 1117057_10-K_2021_0001213900-21-019100.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Overview of Our Business
Planet Green is a Nevada company established in 1986 and is headquartered in Flushing, New York. We are a diversified technology and consumer products company with presence in North America and China in the follow businesses: Chemical Products, Tea Products and Online Advertising Services.
Planet Green manages its operation in three business segments which include:
● to grow, produce and distribute Cyan brick tea, black tea and green tea in China; and
● to research, develop, manufacture and sell chemical products including formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde adhesive, methylal, ethanol fuel, fuel additives and clean fuel in China; and
● to develop and operate a demand side platform which empowers buyers of advertising to manage and optimize their digital advertising across different real-time bidding networks in North America and China
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update
Recently, there is an ongoing outbreak of a novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) first identified in China and has since spread rapidly globally. The pandemic has resulted in quarantines, travel restrictions, and the temporary closure of stores and business facilities globally for the past few months. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 as a pandemic. Given the rapidly expanding nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, and because substantially all of our business operations and our workforce are concentrated in China, our business, results of operations and financial condition have been and will continue to be adversely affected. Potential impact to our results of operations will also depend on future developments and new information that may emerge regarding the duration and severity of the COVID-19 and the actions taken by government authorities and other entities to contain the COVID-19 or mitigate its impact, almost all of which are beyond our control.
The impacts of COVID-19 on our business, financial condition, and results of operations include, but are not limited to, the following:
● We temporally closed our offices and production facilities to adhere to the policy from February 2020 until April 2020, as required by relevant PRC regulatory authorities. Our offices are slowly reopening pursuant to local guidelines. In the first quarter of 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak has caused disruptions in our manufacturing operations, which have resulted in delays in the shipment of products to certain of our customers.
● Some of our employees were in mandatory self-quarantine from January 2020 to April 2020.
● Our customers have been negatively impacted by the outbreak, which may reduce the demand of our products. As a result, our revenue and income may be negatively impacted in 2020.
● The situation may worsen if the COVID-19 pandemic continues. We continued to closely monitor our collections throughout 2020.
A prolonged disruption or any further unforeseen delay in our operations of the manufacturing, delivery and assembly process within any of our production facilities could continue to result in delays in the shipment of products to our customers, increased costs and reduced revenue.
We cannot foresee whether the outbreak of COVID-19 will be effectively contained, nor can we predict the severity and duration of its impact. If the outbreak of COVID-19 is not effectively and timely controlled, our business operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected as a result of the deteriorating market outlook, the slowdown in regional and national economic growth, weakened liquidity and financial condition of our customers or other factors that we cannot foresee. Any of these factors and other factors beyond our control could have an adverse effect on the overall business environment, cause uncertainties in the regions where we conduct business, cause our business to suffer in ways that we cannot predict and materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. Now that we are closer to containment of the COVID-19 pandemic with the emergence of several very effective vaccines, market participants expect the economy will fully recover over the next year or two.
Organizational Structure
PLAG was incorporated on February 4, 1986 and was formerly known as “American Lorain Corporation.” Effective November 12, 2009, PLAG reincorporated in Nevada from Delaware.
The following diagram illustrates our corporate structure as of the date of this annual report on Form 10-K, including our subsidiaries and our VIEs.
Subsidiary
We are a company that continuously strives to create new value and relentlessly to capture new opportunities, which is why we are growing and strengthening the internet-based business as another pillar towards the next growth stage. In addition to our Chinese domestic business, we set out for global market by acquiring 100% shares of Fast Approach in Canada on June 5, 2020 to embark on demand-side platform (DSP) business in North America. A demand-side platform is a system that allows buyers of digital advertising inventory to manage multiple advertisement exchange and data exchange through one interface. Fast Approach is the first North America demand side platform that directly connects to Chinese market without middleman and is supported by world class data science researchers among some well-respected universities in North America. Fast Approach owns 100% equity of Shanghai Shuning in China. We believe this acquisition will accelerate our global business growth, leading to further increasing the Planet Green enterprise value as well.
On May 29, 2020, the Planet Green Holdings Corporation (BVI) incorporated Lucky Sky Planet Green Holdings Co., Limited, a limited company incorporated in Hong Kong. On June 16, 2020, Lucky Sky Holdings Corporations (H.K.) transferred its 100% equity interest in Lucky Sky Petrochemical to Lucky Sky Planet Green Holdings Co., Limited (H.K.).
On August 10, 2020, as part of the reorganization, Planet Green Holdings Corporation (BVI) transferred its 100% equity interest in Lucky Sky Holdings Corporations (H.K.) Limited to Rui Tang, a unrelated party, at nominal price.
VIE Arrangement
On September 27, 2018, through Shanghai Xunyang, the Company entered into exclusive VIE agreements with Beijing Lorain, Luotian Lorain, Shandong Greenpia, Taishan Muren, and Shenzhen Lorain and their shareholders that give the Company the ability to substantially influence those companies’ daily operations and financial affairs and appoint their senior executives. The Company is considered the primary beneficiary of these operating companies.
On May 14, 2019, through Shanghai Xunyang, the Company entered into a series of VIE agreements with Xianning Bozhuang and its equity holders to obtain control and became the primary beneficiary of Xianning Bozhuang. The Company consolidated Xianning Bozhuang’s accounts as its VIE.
On December 20, 2019, we sold 100% of equity interest in Shanghai Xunyang and terminated its VIE agreements with Xianning Bozhuang, Shenzhen Lorain and Taishan Muren.
On December 20, 2019, through Lucky Sky Petrochemical, the Company entered into exclusive VIE agreements (“VIE Agreements”) with Taishan Muren, Xianning Bozhuang and Shenzhen Lorain, as well as their shareholders, which give the Company the ability to substantially influence those companies’ daily operations and financial affairs and appoint their senior executives. The Company is considered the primary beneficiary of these operating companies and it consolidates their accounts as VIEs.
On September 8, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors resolved to discontinue the operation of Shenzhen Lorain and Taishan Muren due to the continued loss of such two subsidiaries. On September 15, 2020, Lucky Sky Petrochemical terminated the VIE agreements with Shenzhen Lorain and Taishan Muren.
On January 4, 2021, through Jiayi Technologies, formerly known as Lucky Sky Petrochemical, the Company entered into a series of VIE agreements with Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky as well as its shareholders, which gives the Company the ultimate control of Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky and its shareholders, making it operate in accordance with the will of the Company. The Company is considered the primary beneficiary of Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky and it consolidates its accounts as VIEs.
On March 9, 2021, through Jiayi Technologies, the Company entered into a series of VIE agreements with Jilin Chuangyuan as well as its shareholders, which gives the Company the ultimate control of Jilin Chuangyuan and its shareholders, making it operate in accordance with the will of the Company. The Company is considered the primary beneficiary of Jilin Chuangyuan and it consolidates its accounts as VIEs. Each of the VIE Agreements is described in detail below:
Consultation and Service Agreement. Pursuant to the Consultation and Service Agreement, WFOE has the exclusive right to provide consultation and services to the operating entities in China in the area of business management, human resource, technology and intellectual property rights. WFOE exclusively owns any intellectual property rights arising from the performance of this Consultation and Service Agreement. The amount of service fees and payment term can be amended by the WFOE and operating companies’ consultation and the implementation. The term of the Consultation and Service Agreement is 20 years. WFOE may terminate this agreement at any time by giving 30 day’s prior written notice.
Business Cooperation Agreement. Pursuant to the Business Cooperation Agreement, WFOE has the exclusive right to provide complete technical support, business support and related consulting services, including but not limited to technical services, business consultations, equipment or property leasing, marketing consultancy, system integration, product research and development, and system maintenance. WFOE exclusively owns any intellectual property rights arising from the performance of this Business Cooperation Agreement. The rate of service fees may be adjusted based on the services rendered by WFOE in that month and the operational needs of the operating entities. The Business Cooperation Agreement shall maintain effective unless it was terminated or was compelled to terminate under applicable PRC laws and regulations. WFOE may terminate this Business Cooperation Agreement at any time by giving 30 day’s prior written notice.
Equity Pledge Agreements. Pursuant to the Equity Pledge Agreements among WFOE, operating entities and each of operating entities’ shareholder, shareholders of the operating entities pledge all of their equity interests in the operating entities to WFOE to guarantee their performance of relevant obligations and indebtedness under the Technical Consultation and Service Agreement and other control agreements. In addition, shareholders of the operating entities are in the process of registering the equity pledge with the competent local authority.
Equity Option Agreements. Pursuant to the Equity Option Agreements, WFOE has the exclusive right to require each shareholder of the operating companies to fulfill and complete all approval and registration procedures required under PRC laws for WFOE to purchase, or designate one or more persons to purchase, each shareholder’s equity interests in the operating companies, once or at multiple times at any time in part or in whole at WFOE’s sole and absolute discretion. The purchase price shall be the lowest price allowed by PRC laws. The Equity Option Agreements shall remain effective until all the equity interest owned by each operating entities shareholder has been legally transferred to WFOE or its designee(s).
Voting Rights Proxy Agreements. Pursuant to the Voting Rights Proxy Agreements, each shareholder irrevocably appointed WFOE or WFOE’s designee to exercise all his or her rights as the shareholders of the operating entities under the Articles of Association of each operating entity, including but not limited to the power to exercise all shareholder’s voting rights with respect to all matters to be discussed and voted in the shareholders’ meeting. The term of each Voting Rights Proxy Agreement is 20 years. WOFE has the right to extend each Voting Proxy Agreement by giving written notification.
As of December 31, 2020, the following entities were de-consolidated from the structure as a result of the termination agreements: Beijing Lorain, Luotian Lorain, Shandong Greenpia, Shenzhen Lorain and Taishan Muren. Shanghai Xunyang was sold to one unrelated party in the company reorganization process.
Products
We grow, produce and distribute Cyan brick tea, black tea and green tea in China. In addition, we also research, develop, manufacture and sell products of formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde adhesive, methylal, ethanol fuel, fuel additives and clean fuel.
Our ethanol fuel and fuel additives products business is carried on by our newly acquired VIE company, Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky.
Our formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde adhesive, methylal, and clean fuel products business is carried out by our newly acquired VIE company, Jilin Chuangyuan.
Service
We provide a demand-side platform which allows buyers of digital advertising inventory to manage multiple advertisement exchange and data exchange through one interface.
Our digital service is provided by our newly acquired company, Fast Approach.
Our Manufacturing Facilities
General
We currently manufacture our products in Meihekou City, Jilin Province, Jingshan City and Xianning City, Hubei Province, China.
The following table indicates the year that operations commenced at each of the facilities and the size of the facilities.
Facility Year
Operations
Commenced Facility Size
(square meters)
Xianning Bozhuang * 33,333
Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky ** 11,018
Jilin Chuangyuan*** 59,690
* Became a VIE in May 2019.
** Became a VIE in January 2021
*** Became a VIE in March 2021.
Production Lines
We currently manufacture our different products using production lines operated through our subsidiaries.
The production process for our cyan brick tea products involves, primary processing of fresh leaves, piling and fermenting, storing and aging, picking, pressing, and baking. The production process for our black tea products involves selecting and sorting the fresh leaves, withering, rolling, fermenting, baking and drying, grading according to color, prompting fragrance, packing and warehousing. The production process for our green tea products involves selecting and sorting the fresh leaves, airing, fixating, cooling, rolling, stir drying, selecting and grading, prompting fragrance, packing and warehousing.
The production process for our formaldehyde products is illustrated as follows. The raw material methanol, after being injected into the high position tank, enters the methanol evaporator through the filter, mixes with the air from the roots blower to form the binary mixture, and then adds steam to form the ternary mixture, which is heated by the superheater to 120 ℃ and enters the oxidizer, carries out oxidation and dehydrogenation reaction through the silver catalyst to form the formaldehyde gas, and then absorbs the formaldehyde solution through the first absorption tower and the second absorption tower. The excess waste gas is burned out by the exhaust gas boiler.
The production process for our methyl starting with the raw materials methanol and formaldehyde are pumped into the reaction distillation tower according to the proportion. At the bottom of the tower, formaldehyde and methanol are indirectly heated by steam. The reaction liquid vapor from the tower upwards through the catalyst reaction to produce methyl acetal, and then through the distillation tower separation, cooling, the final product methyl acetal.
The production process for our urea-formaldehyde glue is demonstrated as follows. Formaldehyde is pumped from the formaldehyde workshop into the tank of formaldehyde storage, and then pumped into the metering tank through the feed pump of formaldehyde. After the PH value is adjusted by adding alkali, it is sent into the reaction kettle. At the same time, urea is also added into the kettle according to the corresponding proportion, heating the reaction kettle. After heating up the kettle, melamine is added, so that the material can undergo addition reaction in the kettle. After the PH value is adjusted by dropping formic acid in the kettle, the material is sent into the condensation kettle through the transfer pump. Urea and additives are added into the condensation kettle according to a certain proportion for condensation reaction, and the finished product is formed after cooling treatment.
The production process for our clean fuel oil is illustrated as follows. The self-control design of the facilities for storage of raw materials and addition of additives shall, in accordance with the requirements of the process, conduct centralized indication and adjustment of the temperature, flow rate and liquid level of the raw oil tanks, raw oil metering tanks, product oil allocation tanks and finished oil tanks during the fuel blending process; realize remote monitoring of the whole fuel production process, and conduct on-the-spot indication of pressure and partial flow rate.
The production process for our construction rubber powder (re-dispersible latex powder) is demonstrated as follows. Using polymer emulsion (VAE emulsion) as raw material, all kinds of additives are added, and then transported to the reaction kettle through diaphragm pump to warm up and mix evenly, and then transported to the mixing kettle with additives through diaphragm pump to mix evenly, then transported to the high-speed reactor through diaphragm pump to emulsify, emulsified and then transported to the spare material tank through the diaphragm pump, and then transported to the spray drying tower through the spare material tank through the diaphragm pump to form polymer powder after spray drying, and the polymer powder and various additives are mixed and screened through the mixer to be packed into the warehouse.
The following table shows the number and types of production lines, the types of products produced and the production capacity as of the date of this report:
Facility
Production Lines
Product Portfolio
Capacity
Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky
There are two production lines: the production line of ethanol fuel and the production line of fuel additive
Alcohol based clean fuel, liquid wax, arene and biomass fuel
Two production lines with a total production capacity of 300,000 tons/ year for ethanol fuel, and 3000 tons/year for fuel additive
Xianning Bozhuang
There are six production lines: the production line of cyan brick tea with traditional handicraft; the production line of cyan brick tea; the production line of teabag; the production line of green tea and the production line of black tea
Cyan brick tea, black tea and green tea
Production line with 5,020 tons of production capacity
Jilin Chuangyuan
The company has two formaldehyde production lines, eight rubber production units, one methylal production line and one clean fuel oil production line
Formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde adhesive, methylal and clean fuel oil
Annual production capacity of 120,000 tons of formaldehyde, 100,000 tons of urea formaldehyde glue, 3,0000 tons of methylal and 20,000 tons of clean fuel oil
We operate our production lines year-round.
Raw Materials
Our Supply Sources
Our business depends on obtaining a reliable supply of various products, including tea, refined methanol, methanol, formaldehyde and polymer emulsion. Because of the diversity of available sources of these raw materials, we believe that our raw materials are currently in adequate supply.
For our tea operation, we obtain our raw materials primarily from domestic procurement. We purchase approximately 400 tons of tea from suppliers in 2020. For our business lines of ethanol fuel and fuel additive, we purchased approximately 710 tons of additive material from suppliers in 2020. For our business lines of formaldehyde, rubber and methylal products, we purchased approximately 18,547 tons of methanol and 146 tons of urea from suppliers in 2020.
We select suppliers based on price and product quality. We typically rely on numerous domestic suppliers, including some with whom we have a long-term relationship. Our suppliers generally include wholesale agricultural product companies, food production companies, tea bag processing companies and chemical products wholesale companies.
Our Customers
Our tea and chemical products are sold exclusively in Chinese domestic markets.
We sell our tea products to third-party distributors, such as trading companies with established distribution channels. The terms of a typical sales contract between us and our distributors provide that we are responsible for transportation costs and the distributors are responsible for storage costs. Furthermore, the distributors have the right to return products that fail to satisfy specified quality standards, at our cost. The majority of such contracts require the distributors to pay us in cash in full upon delivery, and the remaining contracts provide for short-term credit, usually two to three weeks.
As to our formaldehyde products, vehicles gasoline and diesel products, we are a leading regional chemical products provider in north eastern China area, and we are the sole provider of formaldehyde in Jilin Province, China. We sell such products to end user directly and through local distributors.
When it comes to the sales of synthetic fuel products, we do business through direct sales, constructing refuel facilities and conducting technical cooperation with other companies.
For our DSP business line, we obtain clients through advertising agents from China and Canada.
Our Sales and Marketing Efforts
We have not spent a significant amount of capital on advertising in the past, and our advertising budget continues to be limited. In 2020, our marketing and branding efforts mainly focus on internet advertising.
Competition and Market Position
The overall food market is diverse, both globally and in China. We do not have a significant market share in China.
Black tea is produced in Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Hunan, Hubei, Shanxi and Anhui provinces in China. Our black tea products are processed in our factory in Hubei province and distributed nationwide. There are few large players on the market but we face fierce competition from numerous small black tea manufactures and distributors. However, as our brand has over hundreds of year’s history, we have accumulated loyal consumers and gained favorable market reputation over years.
Competitive factors in our industry include product innovation, product quality, price, brand recognition and loyalty, product variety and ingredients, product packaging and package design, effectiveness of marketing and promotional activity, and our ability to identify and satisfy consumer tastes and preferences.
Since its inception, the company has developed rapidly relying on advanced enterprise management and safe, effective, exclusive patented products and strong marketing strength. The production scale of formaldehyde is ranking top three among provinces in northeast China. The production scale of urea-formaldehyde glue attains the first place in China. Our enterprise comprehensive strength is considered first tier among all companies in northeast China.
We sell clean fuel and fuel additive in local reginal market. We compete with other reginal players and national players.
Intellectual Property
Patents
The company vigorously implements scientific and technological innovation and obtains 12 practical patent certificates from the State Intellectual Property Office of the PRC. These patents are registered under Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky, which includes a diesel exhaust cleaner and its preparation method, a kind of automobile exhaust cleaner and preparation method, a kind of filtering device for exhaust port of cleaning liquid production plant, a kind of automobile cleaner dispensing device, a kind of liquid dispensing equipment, a kind of mixing and stirring tank, a kind of cleaning brush for cleaning agent storage tank, a kind of reactor for producing auto cleaner, a kind of cleaning brush for cleaning agent mixing kettle, a kind of mixing tank, a cleaning tool for cleaning the reactor for detergent production and a kind of mixing and defoaming tank. The company will give full play to the advantages of independent intellectual property rights, continue to innovate, maintain the leading technology and enhance the core competitiveness of the company.
We take reasonable steps to protect our proprietary information and trade secrets, such as limiting disclosure of proprietary plans, methods and other similar information on a need-to-know basis and requiring employees with access to our proprietary technology to enter into confidentiality arrangements. We believe that our proprietary technology and trade secrets are adequately protected.
Our Employees
As of December 31, 2020, we had a total of 148 employees. Approximately 148 of our full-time employees are directly employed by our subsidiaries and VIEs. Compared to 2019, the total employees decreased by 36% due to disposal of Taishan Muren, Shanzhen Lorain and acquisition of Fast Approach.
The following table sets forth the allocation of employees by job function.
Number of
Department Employees
Production
Human Resources
Research and Development
Sales
Finance
Procurement
Administration
Total
We have not experienced any significant problems or disruption to our operations due to labor disputes, nor have we experienced any difficulties in recruitment and retention of experienced staff.
We compensate our production line employees by unit produced (piece work) and compensate other employees with a base salary and bonus based on performance. We also provide training for our staffs from time to time to enhance their technical and product knowledge, including knowledge of industry quality standards.
Our employees participate in state pension scheme and various types of social insurance organized by municipal and provincial governments. Outsourcing agents are responsible for contributions on behalf of the leased employees.
Our Research and Development Activities
We have research and development staffs at each of our facilities. In total, 19 employees are dedicated to research and development for different business lines.
Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky contains a professional laboratory which includes 17 sets of professional experimental equipment operated by 6 high-end scientific research experts to ensure the high quality of raw materials and products.
Jilin Chuanyuan was jointly awarded by Jilin Provincial Department of education and Jilin Provincial Department of industry and information technology as Jilin University enterprise joint technology innovation laboratory. The company currently carries out a project of transformation of scientific and technological achievements with Beihua University. Specifically, it is a kind of urea formaldehyde resin adhesive with ultra-low formaldehyde emission and its preparation process, ZL 201510055885x. At the same time, as a participant, the project is applying for the national science and technology progress award. Beihua University has set up a teaching and research practice base in our company. On top of that, the company also successfully developed the urea formaldehyde resin for E1 grade waterproof particleboard, E0 grade and F grade particleboard, as well as the UF resin for E0 grade and F grade particleboard with UFC.
We rely heavily on customer feedback to assist us in the modification and development of our products. We also utilize customer feedback to assist us in the development of new products.
The amount we spent on research and development activities during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was not a material portion of our total expenses for those years.
Government Regulation
As a company that continuously strives to create new value. We have been doing business in three areas: tea product cultivation, packaging, and sales; manufacturing and sales of synthetic fuel products, formaldehyde products, vehicles gasoline and diesel products in Chinese market and providing on-line advertising services in Canada and China.
Our tea product cultivation, packaging, and sales business is subject to regulations of China’s Agricultural Ministry and Ministry of Health. This regulatory scheme governs the manufacture (including composition and ingredients), labeling, packaging and safety of food. It also regulates manufacturing practices, including quality assurance programs, for foods through its current manufacturing practice regulations, and specifies the standards of identity for certain foods. We have obtained approvals from Chinese authorities for products that requires the approval under regulations, including quality safety approval from government.
Our manufacturing and sales of chemical products business is subject to multiple regulations under PRC law. We have complete certificates, including the work safety license, production license and emission license. We have passed the environmental assessment acceptance and currently works on the promotion to the second level of work safety standardization from the third level. Our operation meets the requirements of relevant national laws, regulations, standards and specifications, as well as other the requirements of national management departments at all levels.
Our online advertising business line is operated in Canada and we meet the requirement of related regulations in Canada.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Not required for smaller reporting companies.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our primary facilities, which are owned except where otherwise indicated, are as follows:
Facility Location Approximate Size
(Square Meters) Owned or Leased
Xianning Bozhuang * Xianning City, Hubei Province, PRC 33,333 Land Use Rights Obtained
Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky** Jingshan City, Hubei Province, PRC 11,018 Leased
Jilin Chuangyuan *** Meihekou City, Jilin Province, PRC 59,690 Land Use Rights Obtained
* Became a VIE in May 2019.
** Became a VIE in January 2021.
*** Became a VIE in March 2021.
In the aggregate, we currently have land use rights to, or lease, 3 properties with approximately 104,041 square meters, consisting of manufacturing facilities and office buildings for future expansion. We believe our current facilities provide adequate capacity for our current and projected needs.
All land in China is owned by the government. Individuals and companies are permitted to acquire land use rights for specific purposes. In the case of land used for industrial purposes, the land use rights are granted for a period of up to 50 years. This period may be renewed at the expiration of the initial and any subsequent terms. Granted land use rights are transferable and may be used as security for borrowings and other obligations.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Not Applicable.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.
Market for our Common Stock
Our common stock is quoted on the NYSE American (formerly known as the American Stock Exchange, the NYSE Amex Equities Exchange and the NYSE MKT) under the symbol “PLAG”.
Approximate Number of Holders of Our Common Stock
As of March 29, 2021, there were 341 stockholders of record of our common stock. This does not include the holders whose shares are held in a depository trust in “street” name.
Dividend
We have not declared or paid cash dividends other than the payment of a dividend in April 2007 in connection with our reverse merger. Any future decisions regarding dividends will be made by our Board of Directors. We currently intend to retain and use any future earnings for the development and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
Issuances of Unregistered Securities
On February 10, 2020, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which two individuals residing in the People’s Republic of China agreed to purchase an aggregate of 1,350,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $3,510,000, representing a purchase price of $2.60 per share. The transaction was closed on February 28, 2020.
On June 5, 2020, the Company has entered into a Share Exchange Agreement with Fast Approach Inc. and each shareholder of Fast Approach. Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, the Company will acquire all outstanding equity interests of Target. The acquisition closed on June 5, 2020. At the closing, the Company issued an aggregate of 1,800,000 shares of common stock of the Company to the original shareholders of Fast Approach in exchange for the transfer of all of the equity interests of the Fast Approach to the Company.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
On November 24, 2020, shareholders approved the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan, under which there is 1,654,165 shares of common available for issuance. On December 30, 2020, Company issued 782,165 common shares to its employees under the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Not applicable.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview
We are headquartered in Flushing, NY. For the fiscal year 2020, our primary business, which is carried out by Fast Approach Inc and Xianning Bozhuang, is:
● Black tea product cultivation, packaging, and sales;
● Multimedia design and online advertising services;
Reorganization
On May 18, 2018, the Company incorporated Planet Green Holdings Corporation, a limited company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands. On September 28, 2018, Planet Green BVI acquired JianShi Technology Holding Limited, a limited company incorporated in Hong Kong on February 21, 2012, and Shanghai Xunyang Internet Tech Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned foreign entity incorporated in Shanghai, PRC, on August 29, 2012 (“Shanghai Xunyang”).
On May 9, 2019, the Company entered into a share exchange agreement to acquire Xianning Bozhuang Tea Products Co., Ltd, Then the Company’s business activities added the production line of green tea and black tea and sales of tea products, of which business activities are carried out in Xianning City, Hubei Province, China.
On August 12, 2019, through Lucky Sky Holdings Corporations (H.K.) Limited, formerly known as JianShi Technology Holding Limited, Company established Lucky Sky Petrochemical Technology (Xianning) Co., Ltd., a wholly foreign-owned enterprise incorporated in Xianning City, Hubei Province, China.
On December 20, 2019, The Lucky Sky Holdings Corporations (H.K.) Limited sold 100% of equity interest in Shanghai Xunyang.
On May 29, 2020, the Planet Green Holdings Corporation (BVI) incorporated Lucky Sky Planet Green Holdings Co., Limited, a limited company incorporated in Hong Kong.
On June 5, 2020, the Company issued an aggregate of 1,800,000 shares of our common stock to acquire all of the outstanding equity interest of Fast Approach Inc. As a result, the Planet Green Holdings Corporation (BVI) acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of Fast Approach Inc. It was incorporated under Canada’s laws and the business of operation of a demand-side platform targeting the Chinese education market in North America, besides, Shanghai Shuning Advertising Co., Ltd, a PRC entity as the subsidiary of Fast Approach Inc, conducted the multimedia design, advertising, import, and export business in China.
On June 16, 2020, Lucky Sky Holdings Corporations (H.K.) transferred its 100% equity interest in Lucky Sky Petrochemical to Lucky Sky Planet Green Holdings Co., Limited (H.K.).
On August 10, 2020, Planet Green Holdings Corporation (BVI) transferred its 100% equity interest in Lucky Sky Holdings Corporations (H.K.) Limited to Rui Tang, an unrelated party, at nominal price.
On September 15, 2020, Lucky Sky Petrochemical terminated the VIE agreements with Shenzhen Lorain and Taishan Muren.
On December 9, 2020, Lucky Sky Petrochemical Technology (Xianning) Co., Ltd. changed its name to Jiayi Technologies (Xianning) Co., Ltd.
On January 4, 2021, the Company and Jiayi Technologies (Xianning) Co., Ltd. (the “Subsidiary”), a subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Share Exchange Agreement (the “Share Exchange Agreement”) with Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky New Energy Technologies Co., Ltd. (“Target”), and each of shareholders of the Target (collectively, the “Sellers”), pursuant to which, among other things and subject to the terms and conditions contained therein, the Subsidiary agreed to effect an acquisition of the Target by acquiring from the Sellers 85% of the outstanding equity interests of the Target (the “Acquisition”). Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky New Energy Technologies Co., Ltd, engaged in researching, manufacturing, and selling high-grade synthetic fuel products. Jingshan Sanhe has four production lines on an 11,000-square-meter facility and capacities to complete manufacturing, labeling, and packaging. It is the primary facility for Green Energy products. Besides, this facility also serves research and sales purpose with an office space of 3,400 square meters. On January 4, 2021, the Company closed the Acquisition.
On March 9, 2021, Planet Green Holdings Corp. (the “Company”) and Jiayi Technologies (Xianning) Co., Ltd. (the “Subsidiary”), a subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Share Exchange Agreement (the “Share Exchange Agreement”) with Jilin Chuangyuan Chemical Co., Ltd. (“Target”). Each of shareholders of the Target (collectively, the “Sellers”), under which, among other things and subject to the terms and conditions contained therein, the subsidiary agreed to effect an acquisition of the Target by acquiring from the Sellers 75% of the outstanding equity interests of the Target (the “Acquisition”). Jilin Chuangyuan Chemical Co., Ltd’s main products are formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde glue, methylal, and clean fuel oil; it has two formaldehyde production lines, eight rubber production lines methylal production line, and one clean fuel oil production line. There are 367 sets of leading production equipment, the entire plant covering an area of 43,661 square meters, construction area of 16,090 square meters. On March 10, 2021, the Company closed the acquisition.
After that, through Jiayi Technologies (Xianning) Co., Ltd, the Company entered into a new variable interest entity agreement. Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky New Energy Technologies Co., Ltd and Jilin Chuangyuan Chemical Co., Ltd became the Company’s new contractually controlled affiliate. The New VIE Agreements allow us to:
a. exercise effective control over Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky New Energy Technologies Co., Ltd and Jilin Chuangyuan Chemical Co., Ltd;
b. receive 85% of the economic benefits of Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky New Energy Technologies Co., Ltd and receive 75% of the economic benefits of Jilin Chuangyuan Chemical Co., Ltd substantially;
c. have an exclusive option to purchase all or part of the equity interests in Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky New Energy Technologies Co., Ltd and Jilin Chuangyuan Chemical Co., Ltd when and to the extent permitted by the laws of the PRC;
As a result of the New VIE Agreements, The Company has become the primary beneficiary of Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky New Energy Technologies Co., Ltd and Jilin Chuangyuan Chemical Co., Ltd; They treat these above entities as its variable interest entity under U.S. GAAP. The Company will continue to consolidate the financial results of Xianning Bozhuang Tea Products Co., Ltd in our consolidated financial statements following U.S. GAAP.
The table below illustrates the business the Company conduct through our subsidiaries and consolidated affiliated entities:
　
　
Attributable equity
Place of
Name of Company
Principal Business
interest %
incorporation
Shanghai Shuning Advertising Co., Ltd
Multimedia design, advertising, import, and export business
PRC
Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky New Energy Technologies Co., Ltd
Manufacturing and sales of Synthetic fuel products
85%
VIE
PRC
Jilin Chuangyuan Chemical Co., Ltd
Production and sales of formaldehyde products, vehicles gasoline and diesel products
75%
VIE
PRC
Xianning Bozhuang Tea Products Co., Ltd.
Tea product cultivation, packaging, and sales
100%
VIE
PRC
Fast Approach Inc.
Multiple media design and online advertising
Canada
The above reorganization which occurred during the subsequent period after December 31, 2020 does not affect the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the current period.
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update
Recently, an ongoing outbreak of a novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) was first identified in China and has since spread rapidly globally. The pandemic has resulted in quarantines, travel restrictions, and the temporary closure of stores and business facilities globally for the past few months. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 as a pandemic. Given the rapidly expanding nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, and because substantially all of our business operations and workforce are concentrated in China, our business, results of operations, and financial condition have been and will continue to be adversely affected. Potential impact to the results of our operations will also depend on future developments and new information that may emerge regarding the duration and severity of the COVID-19 and the actions taken by government authorities and other entities to contain the COVID-19 or mitigate its impact, almost all of which are beyond our control.
1) The impacts of COVID-19 on our business, financial condition, and results of operations include, but are not limited to, the following:
2) We temporally closed our offices and production facilities to adhere to the policy from February 2020 until April 2020, as required by relevant PRC regulatory authorities. Our offices are slowly reopening pursuant to local guidelines. During the past 12 months in the fiscal year 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak had caused disruptions in our manufacturing operations, which had resulted in delays in the shipment of products to certain of our customers.
3) Some of our employees were in mandatory self-quarantine from January 2020 to April 2020.
4) Our customers have been negatively impacted by the outbreak, which may reduce the demand for our products. As a result, our revenue and income have been being negatively impacted in 2020.
5) The situation may worsen if the COVID-19 pandemic continues. We will continue to closely monitor our collections throughout 2021.
A prolonged disruption or any further unforeseen delay in our operations of the manufacturing, delivery, and assembly process within any of our production facilities could continue to result in delays in the shipment of products to our customers, increased costs, and reduced revenue.
We cannot foresee whether the outbreak of COVID-19 will be effectively contained, nor can we predict the severity and duration of its impact. If the outbreak of COVID-19 is not effectively and timely controlled, our business operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected as a result of the deteriorating market outlook, the slowdown in regional and national economic growth, weakened liquidity, and financial condition of our customers or other factors that we cannot foresee. Any of these factors and other factors beyond our control could have an adverse effect on the overall business environment, cause uncertainties in the regions where we conduct business, cause our business to suffer in ways that we cannot predict, and materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the company’s audited consolidated financial statement for the years ended December 31, 2020, and 2019 and related notes to that.
Increase /
Increase /
Decrease
Decrease
($)
(%)
Net revenues
3,638,801
1,106,482
2,532,319
Cost of revenues
2,369,736
464,402
1,905,334
Gross profit
1,269,065
642,080
626,985
Operating expenses:
Selling and marketing expenses
160,109
40,069
120,040
General and administrative expenses
3,896,489
904,913
2,991,576
Total operating expenses
4,056,598
944,982
3,111,616
Operating loss
(2,787,533 )
(302,902 )
(2,484,631 )
Interest income (expenses), net.
(23,407 )
(9,725 )
(13,682 )
Other income (expenses), net.
27,318
68,376
(41,058 )
(60 )
Impairment of goodwill
(2,339,829 )
-
(2,339,829 )
-
Write off receivables from the disposal of former subsidiaries
(6,078,623 )
8,783,848
(14,862,471 )
(169 )
Total other (expenses) income
(8,414,541 )
8,842,499
(17,257,040 )
(195 )
Loss before taxes
(11,202,074 )
(8,539,597 )
(19,741,671 )
(231 )
Discontinued Operations:
Income (loss) from continuing operations
150,911
(5,592,401 )
5,743,312
(103 )
Net income(loss)from discontinuing operations
150,911
(5,592,401 )
5,743,312
(103 )
Net income(loss)
(11,051,163 )
2,947,196
(13,998,359 )
(475 )
Year Ended December 31, 2020, Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019
Net Revenues. Our net revenues amounted to $3.64 million in 2020, representing an increase of approximately $2.53 million, from 2019, in which our net revenue was $1.11 million. This increase was attributable to the fact that the Company has acquired Xianning Bozhuang Tea Products Co., Ltd in May 2019 and expanded enterprise sales distribution channel in the fiscal year 2020.
Cost of Revenues. In 2020, we experienced an increase in the cost of revenues of $1.91 million compared to 2019, from approximately $0.46 million to $2.37 million. This soaring in cost of goods sold was in line with the increase in sales in the fiscal year 2020.
Gross Profit. Our gross profit increased by $0.63 million, or 98%, to $1.27 million in 2020 from $0.64 million in 2019, For the years ended December 31, 2020, and 2019, our overall gross margin was 35% and 58%, respectively. The decrease in gross margin was primarily due to the reshaping of the brand and the adjustment of the product lines.
Operating Expenses
Selling and Marketing Expenses. Our selling and marketing expenses increased by $0.12 million or 300%, to $0.16 million in 2020, compared to $0.04 million in 2019. The increase in our selling and marketing expenses is mainly due to the development of new sales channels; it includes the adjustment of promotion strategies, marketing strategies, and Channel strategies. Specifically, in the fiscal year 2020, the Company began to engage in online wholesales business.
General and Administrative Expenses. We experienced an increase in general and administrative expenses of $2.99 million from $0.90 million to approximately $3.90 million in 2020, compared to 2019. The increase was mainly because the Company incurred approximately $1.75million on stock compensation expense concerning our ordinary shares issued to the management.
Net Income
For the 12 months ended December 31, 2020, our net loss amounted to approximately $11 million, comparing approximately 3 million net income in the fiscal year 2019. This decrease in net income was attributable to the outbreak of COVID-19 and the disposal of certain VIEs.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
In assessing our liquidity, we monitor and analyze our cash-on-hand and our operating and capital expenditure commitments. Our liquidity needs are to meet our working capital requirements, operating expenses, and capital expenditure obligations. In the reporting period in the fiscal year 2020, our primary sources of financing have been cash generated from operations and private placements.
On February 10, 2020, we entered into a securities purchase agreement with Mengru Xu and Zhichao Du, pursuant to which Mr. Xu and Mr. Du agreed to invest an aggregate of $3.51 million in the Company in exchange for an aggregate of 1,350,000 shares of our common stock, representing a purchase price of approximately $2.60 per share.
Management anticipates that our existing capital resources and anticipated cash flows from operations are adequate to satisfy our liquidity requirements for the next 12 months. Our primary capital needs have been to fund our working capital requirements. In the past, our primary sources of financing have been cash generated from operations and financing activities.
As of December 31, 2020, we had cash and cash equivalents (including restricted cash) of $3.42 million compared to $7.4 million as of December 31, 2019. The debt to assets ratio was 16.7% and 19.9% as of December 31, 2020, and 2019. We expect to continue to finance our operations and working capital needs in 2021 from cash generated from operations and, if needed, private financings. If available liquidity is not sufficient to meet our operating and loan obligations as they come due. In that case, our plans include pursuing alternative financing arrangements or reducing expenditures as necessary to meet our cash requirements.
However, there is no assurance that we will raise additional capital or reduce discretionary spending to provide liquidity if needed. We cannot be sure of the availability or terms of any alternative financing arrangements.
The following table provides detailed information about our net cash flow for all financial statement periods presented in this report.
Cash Flows Data:
For the year ended December 31,
(In thousands of U.S. dollars)
Net cash flows used in operating activities
(3,499 )
(5,419 )
Net cash flows used in investing activities
(853 )
(516 )
Net cash flows provided by financing activities
13,203
Operating Activities
For the year ended December 31, 2020, net cash used in operating activities was $3.5 million, which consisted primarily of net loss of $11.1 million, and was adjusted by depreciation and amortization of $0.4 million, write off receivables of $6.1 million, impairment of goodwill of $2.3 million and exchange loss of $1.8 million.
The Company had an increase of $1.5 million in accounts and other receivables, an increase of $4.1 million in prepayments and other current assets and an increase of $0.9 million in payables and other current liabilities.
For the year ended December 31, 2019, net cash used in operating activities was $5.4 million, which consisted primarily of net income of $8.5 million, and was adjusted by depreciation and amortization of $0.2 million, gain from disposal of investment and subsidiaries of $8.8 million.
The Company had an increase of $1.5 million in prepayments and other current assets and a reduction of $3.5 million in payables and other current liabilities.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for 2020 was $0.9 million, representing an increase of $0.4 million in net cash used in investing activities from $0.5 million for the same period of 2019. This is mainly due to the purchasing of plant and equipment and intangible assets.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2020, was $0.2million, representing a decrease of $13.0 million in net cash provided by financing activities from $13.2 million for the same period of 2019. This is mainly due to repayment to related party and decrease from proceed from issuance of common stock.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with the United States generally accepted accounting principles requires our management to make assumptions, estimates, and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements, including the notes to that, and related disclosures of commitments contingencies, if any.
We consider our critical accounting policies to require the more significant judgments and estimates in the preparation of financial statements, including those outlined in Note 2 to the financial statements included herein.
The Company has evaluated the timing and the impact of the guidance above on the financial statements.
As of December 31, 2020, there were no other recently issued accounting standards not yet adopted that would or could have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance arrangements.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not applicable.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL DATA
The full text of our audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2020, begins on page of this annual report on Form 10-K.

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including to our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2020. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of December 31, 2020, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting described below.
Internal Controls over Financial Reporting
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based upon the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that, as of December 31, 2020, our internal controls over financial reporting were not effective.
The material weakness and significant deficiency identified by our management as of December 31, 2020, relates to the ability of the Company to record transactions and provide disclosures in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). We did not have sufficient and skilled accounting personnel with an appropriate level of experience in the application of U.S. GAAP commensurate with our financial reporting requirements. For example, our staff members do not hold licenses such as Certified Public Accountant or Certified Management Accountant in the U.S., have not attended U.S. institutions for training as accountants, and have not attended extended educational programs that would provide sufficient relevant education relating to U.S. GAAP. Our staff will require substantial training to meet the demands of a U.S. public company and our staff’s understanding of the requirements of U.S. GAAP-based reporting are inadequate.
Remediation Initiative
We plan to provide U.S. GAAP training sessions to our accounting team. The training sessions will be organized to help our corporate accounting team gain experience in U.S. GAAP reporting and to enhance their awareness of new and emerging pronouncements with potential impact on our financial reporting. We plan to continue to recruit experienced and professional accounting and financial personnel and participate in educational seminars, tutorials, and conferences and employ more qualified accounting staff in the future.
Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting
Other than as described above, during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, there were no material changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation performed during the fiscal year covered by this annual report that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations over Internal Controls.
Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes under U.S. GAAP. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
(i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets;
(ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements under U.S. GAAP, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only under authorizations of our management and directors; and
(iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could affect the financial statements.
Management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect our internal controls to prevent or detect all misstatements. No matter how well designed and operated, a control system can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of such controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of internal controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of misstatements, if any, have been detected or prevented. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of controls in future periods are subject to the risk that those internal controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION.
None.
PART III

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Directors and Officers
The following table sets forth the name, age and position of each of our current directors and officers.
Name Age Position
Bin Zhou Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Lili Hu Chief Financial Officer
Chao Chen Director
King Fai Leung Director
Yang Cao Director
Mr. Bin Zhou has served as a director of the Company since May 2019. He has served as chairman of the board of directors of Xianning Bozhuang since March 2019. Mr. Zhou was the general manager and legal representative of Hubei Qianding Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd., a mechanical equipment manufacturing company, from March 2016 to March 2019. He also served as supervisor of Hubei Henghao Real Estate Development Co., Ltd., a real estate development company, from April 2014 to June 2018. Mr. Zhou received his Bachelor of Law degree from National Judges College in Beijing, China.
Ms. Lili Hu was appointed to serve as the Chief Financial Officer of the Company in June 2019. She has over ten years of accounting experience. Ms. Hu has served as the financial director of Xianning Bozhuang Tea Products Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, since July 2018. From June 2016 to June 2018, Ms. Hu worked as an audit project manager with Hubei Puhua Lixin LLP, an audit firm in Hubei, China. From May 2014 to May 2016, Ms. Hu was a financial manager of Houfu Medical Device Co., Ltd., a medical device company in China. From January 2009 to December 2013, Ms. Hu served as the financial director of Hebei Rentian Gaopeng Mechanical Co., Ltd., a manufacturing company in China. From January 2006 to June 2008, Ms. Hu was the Chief Financial Officer of Hubei Hongfa Telecommunications Co., Ltd., a telecommunications company in China. Ms. Hu graduated from Hubei University of Science and Technology with a major in accounting. Ms. Hu is a Certified Public Accountant in China.
Ms. Chao Chen has served as a director of the Company since April 2019. She has been an attorney at Beijing QianCheng law firm since August 2019. Prior to that, she was an attorney at Beijing Lanpeng Law Firm from May 2015 to August 2019. Her practice includes litigation, mergers and acquisitions and general corporate representation. Ms. Chen served as the legal manager of LightInTheBox Holding Co., Ltd., an international online retail company that is listed on New York Stock Exchange, from November 2018 to January 2019. From September 2013 to May 2015, Ms. Chen served as the senior project manager of China Aviation Supplies Holding Company, a company that provides aircraft procurement and support services on aviation supplies, and was responsible for the planning, procurement and execution of cross-border projects. Ms. Chen received her Master of Law degree from Beijing Institute of Technology and her Bachelor of Law degree from Southwest University for Nationalities.
Mr. King Fai Leung has served as a director of the Company since July 2019. He has over 20 years’ experience in finance and accounting. He has been the executive director of Maxima Energy Limited, an energy company in Hong Kong, since December 2018. He has also served as an independent director, chairman of the audit committee and a member of the remuneration and nomination committee of Daisho Microline Holdings Ltd., a Hong Kong-based investment holding company principally engaged in the manufacture and sales of printed circuit boards (HKG: 0567), since June 2015. In addition, Mr. Leung served as directors in various public companies, including Kirin Group Holdings Limited, an investment holding company principally engaged in the financial related business (HKG: 8109), Chineseinvestors.com, Inc., a financial information website for Chinese-speaking investors (OTCQB: CIIX).Biostar Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a pharmaceutical and medical nutrient products company (OTC Pink: BSPM), and Hao Wen Holdings Limited, an investment holding company principally engaged in the manufacture and trading of biomass fuel in China (HKG: 8019). Mr. Leung earned his Bachelor of Commerce in Accounting and Finance from Deakin University in Victoria, Australia. He is a Certified Public Account in both Hong Kong and Australia.
Ms. Yang Cao has served as a director of the Company since March 2020. She has been practicing commercial law as an attorney with Hubei Kaicheng Law Office since November 2019. Prior to that, she served as a legal counsel to Xianning High-Tech Industrial Zone, a municipal government authority providing infrastructure and resources to high-tech companies, from November 2016 to November 2019. From October 2015 to November 2016, Ms. Cao worked as a compliance officer at Qingdao Inter-Credit Group Wuhan Branch, a business consulting company. Ms. Cao received her LL.B. degree from Hankou College and an LL.M. degree from Central China Normal University
There are no arrangements or understandings between any of our directors, officers and any other person pursuant to which any director was selected to serve as a director or officers of our company. Directors are elected until their successors are duly elected and qualified. Our executive officers are appointed by our Board and serve at their discretion. There are no family relationships among our directors or officers.
Board of Directors
Our Board met on five occasions during fiscal year 2020. Each of the members of our Board attended more than 75% of the total number of meetings held by our Board and the committees on which each director served during fiscal year 2020.
Committees of the Board
Audit Committee
The Audit Committee assists our Board in monitoring:
-
our accounting, auditing, and financial reporting processes;
- the integrity of our financial statements;
- internal controls and procedures designed to promote our compliance with accounting standards and applicable laws and regulations; and
- the appointment and evaluation of the qualifications and independence of our independent auditors.
King Fai Leung, Yang Cao and Chao Chen, all of whom are independent directors under SEC rules and the rules of NYSE American, are currently serving as members of the Audit Committee. Mr. Leung is the chairman of the Audit Committee and is our audit committee financial expert.
The Audit Committee has adopted a written charter, a copy of which is available on our website at www.planetgreenholdings.com, and a printed copy of which is available to any stockholder requesting a copy by writing to: Planet Green Holdings Corp., c/o Board of Director Office, 36-10 Union St. 2nd Floor, Flushing, NY, 11345. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, our Audit Committee held 5 meetings.
Compensation Committee
The functions of the Compensation Committee are as follows:
● to assist our Board in discharging its responsibilities with respect to compensation of our executive officers and directors;
● to evaluate the performance of our executive officers;
● to assist our Board in developing succession plans for executive officers; and
● to administer our stock and incentive compensation plans and recommend changes in such plans to our Board as needed.
The current members of the Compensation Committee are Chao Chen, King Fai Leung and Yang Cao. Ms. Chen is the chairman of the Compensation Committee. All current members of the Compensation Committee are independent directors, and all past members were independent directors at all times during their service on such Committee. None of the past or present members of our Compensation Committee are present or past employees or officers of the Company or any of our subsidiaries. No member of the Compensation Committee has had any relationship with us requiring disclosure under Item 404 of Regulation S-K. None of our executive officers serves on the Board of Directors or compensation committee of a company that has an executive officer that serves on our Board of Directors or Compensation Committee.
The Compensation Committee may not delegate its responsibilities to another committee, individual director or member of management.
The Compensation Committee meets on an annual basis and holds special meetings as needed. The Compensation Committee meetings may be called by the Committee chairman, the Chairman of the Board of Directors or a majority of Committee members. The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer also provide recommendations to the Compensation Committee relating to compensation of other executive officers. The Compensation Committee held five meetings in fiscal year 2020.
Nominating and Corporate Governance
The Nominating and Corporate Governance assists the Board of Directors in identifying individuals qualified to become our directors and in determining the composition of the Board of Directors and its committees. The Nominating and Corporate Governance is responsible for, among other things:
● to make recommendations to the Board of Directors with respect to the size and composition of the Board of Directors;
● to make recommendations to the Board of Directors on the minimum qualifications and standards for director nominees and the selection criteria for the Board members;
● to review the qualifications of potential candidates for the Board of Directors;
● to make recommendations to the Board of Directors on nominees to be elected at the annual meeting of stockholders; and
● to seek and identify a qualified director nominee, in the event that a director vacancy occurs, to be recommended to the Board of Directors for either appointment by the Board of Directors to serve the remainder of the term of a director position that is vacant or election at the annual meeting of the stockholders.
The current members of the Nominating and Corporate Governance are Yang Cao, Chao Chen and King Fai Leung. Ms. Cao is the chairman of the Compensation Committee. During the fiscal year 2020, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee held five meetings.
Stockholder Nominations for Director
Stockholders may propose candidates for board membership by writing to: Planet Green Holdings Corp., c/o Board of Director Office, 36-10 Union St. 2nd Floor, Flushing, NY, 11345. Any such proposal shall contain the name, holdings of our securities and contact information of the person making the nomination; the candidate’s name, address and other contact information; any direct or indirect holdings of our securities by the nominee; any information required to be disclosed about directors under applicable securities laws and/or stock exchange requirements; information regarding related party transactions with our company and/or the stockholder submitting the nomination; any actual or potential conflicts of interest; the nominee’s biographical data, current public and private company affiliations, employment history and qualifications and status as “independent” under applicable securities laws and stock exchange requirements. Nominees proposed by stockholders will receive the same consideration as other nominees.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
None of our officers currently serves, or in the past year has served, as a member of the Board of Directors or compensation committee of any entity that has one or more officers serving on our Board of Directors.
Code of Ethics
Our Board adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to all of our directors, executive officers, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer, and employees. The Code of Ethics addresses, among other things, honesty and ethical conduct, conflicts of interest, compliance with laws, regulations and policies, including disclosure requirements under the federal securities laws, confidentiality, trading on inside information, and reporting of violations of the code. The Code of Ethics is available on our website at http://www.planetgreenholdings.com, and a copy of the Code of Ethics is available to any stockholder requesting a copy by writing to: Planet Green Holdings Corp., c/o Board of Director Office, 36-10 Union St. 2nd Floor, Flushing, NY, 11345. We intend to disclose on our website, in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations, amendments to, or waivers from, our Code of Ethics.
Legal Proceedings
To the Company’s knowledge, there are no material proceedings to which any of our directors and officers or affiliates of the Company is a party adverse to the Company or has a material interest adverse to the Company.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Summary Compensation Table
The following table sets forth information concerning all forms of compensation earned by our named executive officers during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 for services provided to us and our subsidiaries and VIEs. None of our current executive officers earned compensation that exceeded $100,000 during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 or 2018.
Stock Option All Other
Name and Principal Position Year Salary Bonus Awards Awards Compensation Total
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h)
Bin Zhou, $ 96,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 96,000
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer $ 96,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 48,000
and Director
- - - -
Lili Hu, $ 48,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 48,000
Chief Financial Officer $ 48,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 48,000
- - - -
Daqi Cui, $ 96,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 96,000
Chief Operating Officer $ 96,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 96,000
On June 24, 2019, the Board appointed Lili Hu to serve as the Chief Financial Officer. Pursuant to the employment agreement with Ms. Hu, we are obligated to pay Ms. Hu a compensation of $48,000 per year.
On June 18, 2019, the Board appointed Daqi Cui to serve as the Chief Operating Officer. Pursuant to the employment agreement with Mr. Cui, we are obligated to pay Mr. Cui a compensation of $96,000 per year. Mr. Cui resigned as Chief Operating Office on October 21, 2020 due to his personal health reason and he continued to be employed by the Company.
On May 14 and October 25, 2019, the Board appointed Bin Zhou as a member of the Board and the Chief Executive Officer, respectively. Pursuant to the employment agreement with Mr. Zhou, we are obligated to pay Mr. Zhou a compensation of $96,000 per year.

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
The following table sets forth information regarding beneficial ownership of our common stock as of May 13, 2020 (i) by each person who is known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our common stock; (ii) by each of our named executive officers and directors and (iii) by all of our officers and directors as a group. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC that deem shares to be beneficially owned by any person who has voting or investment power with respect to such shares. Except as otherwise indicated, the persons listed below have advised us that they have direct sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares listed as owned by them.
Unless otherwise specified, the address of each of the persons set forth below is c/o Planet Green Holdings Corp., c/o Board of Director Office, 36-10 Union St. 2nd Floor, Flushing, NY, 11345.
In the table below, percentage ownership is based on 20,009,930 shares of our common stock outstanding as of March 29, 2021.
Name and title of beneficial owner Amount and nature of beneficial ownership Percent of
class
5% or Greater Stockholders
Xiaodong Cai (1) 1,320,000 6.5 %
Yongsheng Chen(1) 1,980,000 9.8 %
Zhichao Du(2) 1,200,000 5.9 %
Xue Wang (2) 1,320,000 6.5 %
Executive Officers, Directors and Director Nominees
Bin Zhou, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director (3) 1,622,000 8.1 %
Lili Hu, Chief Financial Officer - -
Chao Chen, Director - -
King Fai Leung, Director - -
Yang Cao, Director - -
All executive officers, directors and director nominees as a group (five individuals) 1,622,000 8.1 %
(1)
On March 9, 2021, the Company entered into a Share Exchange Agreement with Jilin Chuangyuan Chemical and Mr. Xiaodong Cai and Mr. Yongsheng Chen, shareholders of Jilin Chuangyuan Chemical Co., Ltd. Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, among other things and subject to the terms and conditions contained therein, the Company agreed to effect an acquisition of the Jilin Chuangyuan by acquiring from the sellers 75% of the outstanding equity interests of the Jilin Chuanyuan in exchange of 3,300,000 common shares. On March 10, 2021, the Company closed the Acquisition.
(2) On January 4, 2021, the Company entered into a Share Exchange Agreement with Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky and Ms. Xue Wang and Mr. Zhichao Du, shareholders of Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky. Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, among other things and subject to the terms and conditions contained therein, the Company agreed to effect an acquisition of the Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky by acquiring from the sellers 85% of the outstanding equity interests of the Jingshan Sanhe Luckysky in exchange of 2,200,000 common shares. On March 10, 2021, the Company closed the Acquisition. Company closed the transaction on the January 4 2021.
(3) 972,000 shares of common stock, which were acquired on May 14, 2019 in exchange for Bin Zhou’s 90% equity ownership in Xianning Bozhuang, pursuant to a share exchange agreement, dated as of May 9, 2019. Mr. Zhou acquired 650,000 shares from an existing shareholder at the price of $2.6.
Changes in Control
There are currently no arrangements which would result in a change in control of us.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.
Related Party Transactions
On May 14, 2019, Bin Zhou, the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Company acquired 972,000 shares of common stock, in exchange for Mr. Zhou’s 90% equity ownership in Xianning Bozhuang, pursuant to a share exchange agreement, dated as of May 9, 2019.
Policy for Approval of Related Party Transactions
Our Audit Committee Charter provides that all related party transactions required to be disclosed under SEC rules are to be reviewed by the Audit Committee.
Director Independence
NYSE American listing standards require that a majority of our Board of Directors be independent. An “independent director” is defined generally as a person other than an officer or employee of the company or its subsidiaries or any other individual having a relationship which in the opinion of the company’s board of directors, would interfere with the director’s exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. Our Board of Directors has determined that Chao Chen, King Fai Leung, Yang Cao are “independent directors” as defined in the NYSE American listing standards and applicable SEC rules.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES.
WWC, P.C. is the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020 and the accounting fees in each such period were $160,000 and $180,000. Such fees related to audit services provided by WWC, P.C. No audit-related or tax services were provided by WWC, P.C. during such periods.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) (1 and 2) Financial Statement and Schedules
The financial statements contained in the “Audited Financial Statements” beginning on page of this annual report on Form 10-K.
(b) Exhibits
Exhibit No.
Description
3.1
Articles of Incorporation of the registrant, as filed with the Nevada Secretary of State on June 15, 2009. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant’s registration statement on Form S-3 filed on January 29, 2010.
3.2
Certificate of Amendment of the registrant, as filed with the Nevada Secretary of State on September 28, 2018. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant’s current report on Form 8-K filed on October 2, 2018.
3.3
Bylaws of the registrant. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the registrant’s registration statement on Form S-3 filed on January 29, 2010.
4.1*
Description of securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
10.1
Consultation and Service Agreement, dated December 20, 2019, , by and between Lucky Sky Petrochemical and Xianning Bozhuang Tea Products Co., Ltd. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the registrant’s annual report on Form 10K filed on May 14, 2020.
10.2
Business Cooperation Agreement, dated December 20, 2019, by and between Lucky Sky Petrochemical and Xianning Bozhuang Tea Products Co., Ltd. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the registrant’s annual report on Form 10K filed on May 14, 2020.
10.3
Equity Pledge Agreement, dated December 20, 2019, by and among Lucky Sky Petrochemical and Xianning Bozhuang Tea Products Co., Ltd.. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the registrant’s annual report on Form 10K filed on May 14, 2020.
10.4
Equity Option Agreement, dated December 20, 2019, by and among Lucky Sky Petrochemcial, Bin Zhou, Wuyuan Zuo, Gongwei Lu and Xianning Bozhuang. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the registrant’s annual report on Form 10K filed on May 14, 2020.
10.5
Voting Rights Proxy and Financial Supporting Agreement, dated December 20, 2019, by and among Lucky Skey Petrochemical, Bin Zhou, Wuyuan Zuo, Gongwei Lu and Xianning Bozhuang. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the registrant’s annual report on Form 10K filed on May 14, 2020.
10.6
Share Exchange Agreement, dated as of June 5, 2020, by and among Planet Green Holdings Corp., Fast Approach Inc. and sellers named therein. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant’s current report on Form 8-K filed on June 10, 2020.
10.7
Lock-Up Agreement, dated as of June 5, 2020, by and among Planet Green Holdings Corp. and the persons named therein. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit. 10.2 to the registrant’s current report on Form 8-K filed on June 10, 2020.
10.8
Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, dated as of June 5, , 2020, by and among Planet Green Holdings Corp., Fast Approach Inc. and the persons named therein. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the registrant’s current report on Form 8-K filed on June 10, 2020.
10.9
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 10, 2020, by and among Planet Green Holdings Corp. and the purchasers named therein. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant’s current report on Form 8-K filed on February 11, 2020.
10.10
Employment Agreement, dated as of October 25, 2019, by and between Planet Green Holdings Corp. and Bin Zhou. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant’s current report on Form 8-K filed on October 30, 2019.
Exhibit No.
Description
14.1
Business Ethics Policy and Code of Conduct, adopted on April 30, 2007. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 14 to the registrant’s current report on Form 8-K filed on May 9, 2007.
21.1*
List of subsidiaries of the registrant
31.1*
Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2*
Certification of Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 *
32.1**
Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2**
Certification of Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS*
XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL*
XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase
101.LAB*
XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase
101.PRE*
XBRL Definition Linkbase Document
101.DEF*
XBRL Definition Linkbase Document
* Filed herewith
**
Furnished herewith