EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1629210
Filing Year: 2021
Filename: 1629210_10-K_2021_0001564590-21-048261.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Item 1. Business.
Paramount Gold Nevada Corp. is a Nevada corporation formed on June 15, 1992 under the name X-Cal (USA), Inc. Paramount Gold Nevada Corp. common stock trades on the NYSE American LLC under the symbol “PZG.” Unless the context otherwise requires, reference to “we,” “us,” “our,” “Paramount,” the “Company” and other similar references refer to Paramount Gold Nevada Corp.
INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING AND ORGANIZATIONAL TRANSACTIONS
On April 17, 2015, we entered into the previously disclosed separation and distribution agreement (the “Separation Agreement”) with Paramount Gold and Silver Corp. (“PGSC”), to effect the separation (the “separation”) of the Company from PGSC, and to provide for the allocation between the Company and PGSC of the Company’s and PGSC’s assets, liabilities and obligations attributable to periods prior to, at and after the separation.
We filed a registration statement on Form S-1 in connection with the distribution (the “distribution”) by PGSC to its stockholders of all the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.01 per share. The registration statement was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on April 9, 2015. On April 6, 2015, the Company filed a Form 8-A with the SEC to register its shares of common stock under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The distribution, which effected a spin-off of the Company from PGSC, was made on April 17, 2015, to PGSC stockholders of record on April 14, 2015. On the distribution date, stockholders of PGSC received one share of Company common stock for every 20 shares of PGSC common stock held. Up to and including the distribution date, PGSC common stock traded on the “regular-way” market; that is, with an entitlement to shares of Company common stock distributed pursuant to the distribution. As a result of the distribution, the Company is now a publicly traded company independent from PGSC. On April 20, 2015, the Company’s shares of common stock commenced trading on the NYSE American LLC (formerly NYSE MKT) under the symbol “PZG”. An aggregate of 8,101,371 shares of Company common stock were distributed in the distribution. In connection with our separation from PGSC and PGSC’s merger with and into Coeur Mining, Inc. (“Coeur”), PGSC contributed approximately $8.45 million to us as an equity contribution, and we issued 417,420 shares of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share, to Coeur in exchange for a cash payment by Coeur in the amount of $1.47 million.
On March 14, 2016, Paramount Gold Nevada Corp. and Calico Resources Corp. (“Calico”) entered into an Arrangement Agreement providing for the acquisition of Calico by Paramount. On July 7, 2016, after having received the approval of the Supreme Court of British Columbia to the transaction, Paramount and Calico completed the transaction contemplated by the Arrangement Agreement, pursuant to which Calico became a wholly owned subsidiary of Paramount.
On November 14, 2016, Calico Resources Corp. was merged into Calico Resources USA Corp. As a result, Calico Resources USA Corp. became a wholly owned subsidiary of Paramount.
OVERVIEW OF PARAMOUNT GOLD NEVADA CORP.
We are engaged in the business of acquiring, exploring and developing precious metal projects in the United States of America. Paramount owns advanced stage exploration projects in the states of Nevada and Oregon. We enhance the value of our projects by implementing exploration and engineering programs that are likely to expand and upgrade known mineralized material to reserves. Paramount believes there are several ways to realize the value of its projects: selling its projects to producers; joint venturing its projects with other companies; or building and operating small mines on its own.
The Company’s principal Nevada interest, the Sleeper Gold Project, is located in Humboldt County, Nevada, and was a producing mine until 1996.
Our project located in Oregon, known as the Grassy Mountain Project (“Grassy Mountain”), is located in Malheur County, Oregon, and was acquired by way of statutory plan of arrangement in the Province of British Columbia, Canada with Calico in July 2016.
INTER-CORPORATE RELATIONSHIPS
We currently have three active wholly owned direct subsidiaries:
New Sleeper Gold LLC and Sleeper Mining Company, LLC, which operate our mining interests in Nevada.
Calico Resources USA Corp., which holds our interest in the Grassy Mountain Project in Oregon.
The Company’s corporate structure is as follows:
COMPETITION
The mineral exploration industry is highly competitive. We compete with junior and senior mineral exploration companies, independent producers and institutional and individual investors who are actively seeking to acquire mineral exploration properties throughout the United States together with the equipment, labor and materials required to explore on those properties. Competition for the acquisition of mineral exploration interests is intense with many mineral exploration leases or concessions available through a competitive bidding process in which we may lack the technological information or expertise available to other bidders. Accordingly, these competitors may be able to spend greater amounts on acquiring mineral exploration interests of merit or on exploring or developing their mineral exploration properties. This advantage could enable our competitors to acquire mineral exploration properties of greater quality and interest to prospective investors who may choose to finance their exploration and development projects instead of the Company’s. Such competition could adversely impact our ability to attain the financing necessary for us to acquire further mineral exploration interests.
We do not compete with anyone with respect to our existing mineral claims because they are 100% controlled or owned by us. We believe we have or can acquire on reasonable terms the equipment, labor and materials necessary to explore our current properties. Because there is presently no known mineral reserve at this time on our existing properties, we have not determined the impact of any capital expenditures on our earnings or competitive position in the event a potentially commercially mineable ore deposit is discovered.
UNITED STATES REGULATIONS
Mining Claims: Exploration activities on our properties are conducted both upon federally owned land and private land. Most federally owned land is administered by the Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”). On existing claims owned by the federal government, we are required to pay annual claim maintenance fees of $165 per claim on or before September 1st at the State Office of the BLM. In addition, we are required to pay the county recorder of the county in which the claim is situated an annual fee. The county fees in Nevada and Oregon are $12.00 and $5.00 per claim, respectively. On certain claims, we are required to pay a fee of $165.00 for each 20 acres of an association placer. For any new claims we acquire by staking, we must file a certificate of location with the State Office of the BLM within 90 days of making the claim along with a fee equal to the amount of the annual claim maintenance fee.
Annual Payments made to federal and other state agencies to maintain claims:
Property
Number of
Claims
Federal
payments to
Bureau of
Land Management
Payment to
Local County
Total Annual
Payment to
Maintain Claims
Sleeper Gold Project and Other Nevada Claims
2,510
$
423,885
$
30,729
$
454,614
Grassy Mountain Project and Other Oregon Claims
$
90,420
$
3,093
$
93,513
Total Annual Payment to Maintain Mining Claims
$
548,127
Mining Exploration: BLM regulations require, and we have obtained, permits for surface disturbances to conduct our exploration activities. At our Sleeper Gold Project, there are also numerous permits in place that are maintained from the previous mine operations. We maintain these permits for ease in updating should a decision be made to reinitiate production at the Sleeper Gold mine. Maintenance of these permits includes monthly, quarterly and annual monitoring and reporting to various government agencies and departments.
Environmental and Reclamation: Our Sleeper Gold Project is currently operated as an advanced exploration project and is subject to various permit requirements. We are required to submit a plan of operation, obtain permitting and post bonds that guarantee that reclamation is performed on lands associated with exploration.
EMPLOYEES
As of June 30, 2021, we employed seven full-time employees and one consultant.
FACILITIES
Our principal office is located at 665 Anderson Street, Winnemucca, Nevada, 89445.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Described below are certain risks that we believe apply to our business and the industry in which we operate. You should carefully consider each of the following risk factors in conjunction with others provided in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and in our other public disclosures. The risks described below highlight potential events, trends or other circumstances that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, liquidity or access to sources of financing, and consequently, the market value of our common stock. These risks could cause our future results to differ materially from historical results. The risks described below are those that we have identified as material and is not an exhaustive list of all the risks we face. There may be others that we have not identified or that we have deemed to be immaterial. All forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf are qualified by the risks described below.
Risks Related to our Business Operations
It is possible investors may lose their entire investment in the Company.
Prospective investors should be aware that if we are not successful in our endeavors, your entire investment in the Company could become worthless. Even if we are successful in identifying mineral reserves that can be commercially developed, there can be no assurances that we will generate any revenues and therefore our losses will continue.
No revenue generated from operations.
We have not generated any revenues from operations. Our net loss for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021 totaled $$5,903,618. We have incurred losses in the past, and we will likely continue to incur losses in the future. Even if our drilling programs identify gold, silver or other mineral reserves, there can be no assurance that we will be able to commercially exploit these resources, generate any revenues or generate sufficient revenues to operate profitably.
We will require significant additional capital to continue our exploration activities, and, if warranted, to develop mining operations.
None of our projects currently have proven or probable reserves. Substantial expenditures will be required to determine if proven and probable mineral reserves exist at any of our properties, to develop metallurgical processes to extract metal, to develop the mining and processing facilities and infrastructure at any of our properties or mine sites and, in certain circumstances, to acquire additional
property rights. We have spent and will be required to continue to expend significant amounts of capital for drilling, geological and geochemical analysis, assaying, and, when warranted, feasibility studies with regard to the results of our exploration. We may not benefit from these investments if we are unable to identify commercially exploitable mineralized material. If we decide to put one or more of our properties into production, we will require significant amounts of capital to develop and construct the mining and processing facilities and infrastructure required for mining operations. Our ability to obtain necessary funding for these purposes, in turn, depends upon a number of factors, including the status of the national and worldwide economy and the price of gold, silver and other precious metals. We may not be successful in obtaining the required financing, or if we can obtain such financing, such financing may not be on terms that are favorable to us. Failure to obtain such additional financing could result in delay or indefinite postponement of further exploration or development and the possible, partial or total loss of our potential interest in certain properties. Any such delay could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.
We cannot be assured that any of our projects are economically feasible or that feasibility studies will accurately forecast operating results.
Our future profitability depends on the economic feasibility of our projects. We have not completed any feasibility studies for any of our projects. There can be no assurance that the results of a feasibility study for either the Grassy Mountain Project or the Sleeper Gold Project will be positive. Economic feasibility depends on many factors which include estimates on production rates, revenues, operating and capital costs. If we complete a feasibility study for any our projects and obtain financing to construct and initiate mining operations, there can be no assurance that actual operating results will not vary unfavorably from the estimates and assumptions included in the feasibility study.
We may acquire additional exploration stage properties, and we may face negative reactions if reserves are not located on acquired properties.
We may acquire additional exploration stage properties. There can be no assurance that we will be able to identify and complete the acquisition of such properties at reasonable prices or on favorable terms or that reserves will be identified on any properties that we acquire. We may also experience negative reactions from the financial markets if we are unable to successfully complete acquisitions of additional properties or if reserves are not located on acquired properties. These factors may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock or our financial condition or results of operations.
Our industry is highly competitive, attractive mineral lands are scarce, and we may not be able to obtain quality properties.
We compete with many companies in the mining industry, including large, established mining companies with substantial capabilities, personnel and financial resources. There is a limited supply of desirable mineral lands available for claim staking, lease or acquisition in the United States of America where we may conduct exploration activities. We may be at a competitive disadvantage in acquiring mineral properties because we compete with these individuals and companies, many of which have greater financial resources and larger technical staffs.
Title to mineral properties can be uncertain, and we are at risk of loss of ownership of one or more of our properties. Our ability to explore and operate our properties depends on the validity of our title to that property. A significant amount of our mineral properties consist of leases of unpatented mining claims. Unpatented mining claims provide only possessory title and their validity is often subject to contest by third parties or the federal government, which makes the validity of unpatented mining claims uncertain and generally more risky. These uncertainties relate to such things as the sufficiency of mineral discovery, proper posting and marking of boundaries, assessment work and possible conflicts with other claims not determinable from public record. Since a substantial portion of all mineral exploration, development and mining in the United States now occurs on unpatented mining claims, this uncertainty is inherent in the mining industry. We have not obtained title opinions covering our entire property, with the attendant risk that title to some claims, particularly title to undeveloped property, may be defective. There may be valid challenges to the title to our property which, if successful, could impair development and/or operations.
There are no confirmed commercially mineable ore deposits on any properties from which we may derive any financial benefit.
Neither we nor any independent geologist has confirmed commercially mineable ore deposits on any of our properties. In order to carry out additional exploration programs of any potential ore body and to place it into commercial production, we will require substantial additional funding.
We have no mining operations and no history as a mining company.
We are an exploration stage mining company and have no ongoing mining operations of any kind. We have interests in mining claims which may or may not lead to production.
We have no history of earnings or cash flow from mining operations. If we are able to proceed to production, commercial viability will be affected by factors that are beyond our control such as the particular attributes of the deposit, the fluctuation in metal prices, the cost of constructing and the operation of a mine, prices and refining facilities, the availability of economic sources for energy, government regulations including regulations relating to prices, royalties, restrictions on production, quotas on exploration of minerals, as well as the costs of protection of the environment.
If our exploration costs are higher than anticipated, then our profitability will be adversely affected.
We are currently proceeding with plans to explore our mineral properties on the basis of estimated exploration costs. If our exploration costs are greater than anticipated, then we will have fewer capital resources for other expenses and losses could increase. Factors that could cause exploration costs to increase include adverse weather conditions, difficult terrain, increased government regulation and shortages of qualified personnel.
Assuming no adverse developments outside of the ordinary course of business, our exploration and development budget will be approximately up to $3.94 million for the next twelve months. Exploration will be funded by our available cash reserves and future issuances of common stock, warrants or units. Our exploration program may vary significantly from what we have budgeted depending upon the results we achieve. Even if we identify mineral reserves which have the potential to be commercially developed, we will not generate revenues until such time as we undertake mining operations. Mining operations will involve a significant capital infusion. Mining costs are speculative and dependent on a number of factors including mining depth, terrain and necessary equipment. We do not believe that we will have sufficient funds to implement mining operations without additional capital raises of debt and or equity or without a joint venture partner, of which there can be no assurance.
Our continuing reclamation obligations at our properties could require significant additional expenditures.
We are responsible for the reclamation obligations related to disturbances located on all of our properties. We have posted a bond in the amount of the estimated reclamation obligation at the Sleeper Gold Project and the Grassy Mountain Project. At the Sleeper Gold Project, we are required to submit a mine closure plan to the every three years. Based on a review by the BLM of our mine closure plan that Paramount submitted in July 2020, the BLM determined that our existing bond was sufficient. There is a risk that any cash bond, even if increased based on the analysis and work performed to update the reclamation obligations, could be inadequate to cover the actual costs of reclamation when carried out. The satisfaction of bonding requirements and continuing reclamation obligations will require a significant amount of capital. There is a risk that we will be unable to fund these additional bonding requirements, and further, that the regulatory authorities may increase reclamation and bonding requirements to such a degree that it would not be commercially reasonable to continue exploration activities, which may adversely affect our results of operations, financial performance and cash flows.
Mining operations are hazardous, raise environmental concerns and raise insurance risks.
The development and operation of a mine or mineral property involves many risks, which even a combination of experience, knowledge and careful evaluation may not be able to overcome. These risks include, among other things, ground fall, flooding, environmental hazards and the discharge of toxic chemicals, explosions and other accidents. Such occurrences may result in work stoppages, delays in production, increased production costs, damage to or destruction of mines and other producing facilities, injury or loss of life, damage to property, environmental damage and possible legal liability for such damages as well. Although the Company maintains liability coverage in an amount which it considers adequate for its operations, such occurrences, against which the Company may not be able, or may elect not to insure, may result in a material adverse change in the Company’s financial position. The nature of these risks is such that liabilities may exceed policy limits, in which event the Company would incur substantial uninsured losses.
There may be insufficient mineral reserves to develop any of our properties, and our estimates may be inaccurate.
There is no certainty that any expenditures made in the exploration of any properties will result in discoveries of commercially recoverable quantities of ore. Most exploration projects do not result in the discovery of commercially mineable deposits of ore and no assurance can be given that any particular level of recovery of precious metals from discovered mineralization will in fact be realized or that any identified mineral deposit will ever qualify as a commercially mineable ore body which can be legally and economically exploited. Estimates of reserves, mineral deposits and production costs can also be affected by such factors as environmental regulations and requirements, weather, environmental factors, unforeseen technical difficulties, unusual or unexpected geological formations and work interruptions. In addition, the grade of ore ultimately mined may differ from that indicated by drilling results. Short term factors relating to reserves, such as the need for orderly development of ore bodies or the processing of new or different grades, may also have an adverse effect on mining operations and on the results of operations. There can be no assurance that precious metals recovered in small scale laboratory tests will be duplicated in large scale tests under on-site production conditions. Material changes in estimated reserves, grades, stripping ratios or recovery rates may affect the economic viability of any project.
We have no proven reserves.
All of our properties are in the exploration stages only and are without known bodies of commercial ore. Development of these properties will follow only upon obtaining satisfactory exploration results. The long-term profitability of the Company’s operations will be in part directly related to the cost and success of its exploration and development programs. Mineral exploration and development are highly speculative businesses, involving a high degree of risk. Few properties which are explored are ultimately developed into producing mines. There is no assurance that our mineral exploration and development activities will result in any discoveries of commercial quantities of ore. There is also no assurance that, even if commercial quantities of ore are discovered, a mineral property will be brought into commercial production. Discovery of mineral deposits is dependent upon a number of factors, not the least of which is the technical skill of the exploration personnel involved. The commercial viability of a mineral deposit once discovered is also dependent upon a number of factors, many of which are beyond the Company’s control, such as the particular attributes of the deposit (such as size, grade and proximity to infrastructure), metal prices and government regulations, including regulations relating to royalties, allowable production, importing and exporting of minerals, and environmental protection.
In the course of exploration, development, and mining of mineral properties, certain unanticipated conditions may arise or unexpected or unusual events may occur, including rock bursts, cave-ins, fires, floods, or earthquakes. It is not always possible to fully insure against such risks and we may decide not to take out insurance against such risks as a result of high premiums or for other reasons. Should such liabilities arise, they may reduce or eliminate any future profitability and may result in a decline in the value of the securities of the Company.
We face fluctuating gold and mineral prices.
The value of any mineral reserves we develop, and consequently the value of our common stock, depends significantly on the value of such minerals. The price of gold and silver as well as other precious and base metals have experienced volatile and significant price movements over short periods of time and are affected by numerous factors beyond our control, including international economic and political trends, expectations of inflation, interest rates, global or regional consumption patterns, speculative activities and increases in production due to improved mining and production methods. The supply of and demand for gold and silver, as well as other precious and base metals, are affected by various factors, including political events, economic conditions and production costs in major mineral producing regions.
Our estimates of mineralized material and other mineral resources are subject to uncertainty.
Estimates of mineralized material and other mineral resources are subject to considerable uncertainty. Such estimates are arrived at using standard acceptable geological techniques and are based on the interpretations of geological data obtained from drill holes and other sampling techniques. Engineers use feasibility studies to derive estimates of cash operating costs based on anticipated tonnage and grades of ore to be mined and processed, the predicted configuration of the ore bodies, expected recovery rates of metal from ore, comparable facility and operating costs and other factors. Actual cash operating costs and economic returns on projects may differ significantly from the original estimates, primarily due to fluctuations in the current prices of metal commodities extracted from the deposits, changes in fuel costs, labor rates, changes in permit requirements, and unforeseen variations in the characteristics of the ore body. Due to the presence of these factors, there is no assurance that any geological reports will accurately reflect actual quantities of gold, silver or other metals that can be economically processed and mined by us.
If we are unable to obtain all of our required governmental permits, our operations could be negatively impacted.
Our future operations, including exploration and development activities, required permits from various governmental authorities. Such operations are and will be governed by laws and regulations governing prospecting, development, mining, production, exports, taxes, labor standards, occupational health, waste disposal, toxic substances, land use, environmental protection, mine safety and other matters. There can be no assurance that we will be able to acquire all required licenses or permits or to maintain continued operations at our properties.
We are subject to numerous environmental and other regulatory requirements.
All phases of mining and exploration operations are subject to governmental regulation including environmental regulation. Environmental legislation is becoming stricter, with increased fines and penalties for non-compliance, more stringent environmental assessments of proposed projects and heightened responsibility for companies and their officers, directors and employees. There can be no assurance that possible future changes in environmental regulation will not adversely affect our operations. As well, environmental hazards may exist on a property in which we hold an interest that was caused by previous or existing owners or operators of the properties and of which the Company is not aware at present.
Government approvals and permits are required to be maintained in connection with our mining and exploration activities. Although we believe we currently have all required permits for our operations as currently conducted, there is no assurance that delays will not occur in connection with obtaining all necessary renewals of such permits for the existing operations or additional permits for any possible future changes to the Company’s operations, including any proposed capital improvement programs. Failure to comply with applicable laws, regulations and permitting requirements may result in enforcement actions thereunder, including orders issued by regulatory or judicial authorities causing operations to cease or be curtailed, and may include corrective measures requiring capital expenditures, installation of additional equipment, or remedial actions. Parties engaged in mining operations may be required to compensate those suffering loss or damage by reason of the mining activities and may be liable for civil or criminal fines or penalties imposed for violations of applicable laws or regulations. Amendments to current laws, regulations and permitting requirements, or more stringent application of existing laws, may have a material adverse impact on the Company resulting in increased capital expenditures or production costs, reduced levels of production at producing properties or abandonment or delays in development of properties.
There is no assurance that there will not be title or boundary disputes.
Although we have investigated the right to explore and exploit our properties and obtained records from government offices with respect to all of the mineral claims comprising our properties, this should not be construed as a guarantee of title. Other parties may dispute the title to any of our properties or any property may be subject to prior unregistered agreements and transfers or land claims by aboriginal, native, or indigenous peoples. The title may be affected by undetected encumbrances or defects or governmental actions.
Local infrastructure may impact our exploration activities and results of operations.
Mining, processing, development and exploration activities depend, to one degree or another, on adequate infrastructure. Reliable roads, bridges, power and water supplies are important determinants that affect capital and operating costs. Unusual or infrequent weather phenomena, sabotage or government or other interference in the maintenance or provision of such infrastructure could adversely affect our activities and profitability.
Because of the speculative nature of exploration for gold and silver properties, there is substantial risk that our business will fail.
The search for precious metals as a business is extremely risky. We cannot provide any assurances that the gold or silver mining interests that we acquired will contain commercially exploitable reserves of gold or silver. Exploration for minerals is a speculative venture necessarily involving substantial risk. Any expenditure that we make may not result in the discovery of commercially exploitable reserves of precious metals.
The precious metals markets are volatile markets. This will have a direct impact on our revenues (if any) and profits (if any) and could have an adverse effect on our ongoing operations.
The price of both gold and silver has fluctuated significantly over the past few years. Despite the volatility in the price of gold, there continues to be interest in gold and silver mining and companies engaged in that business, including the exploration for both gold and silver. However, in the event that the price of these metals falls, the interest in the gold and silver mining industry may decline and the value of our business could be adversely affected. Even if we are able to generate revenues, there can be no assurance that any of our operations will prove to be profitable. Finally, in recent decades, there have been periods of both overproduction and underproduction of both gold and silver resources. Such conditions have resulted in periods of excess supply of and reduced demand on a worldwide basis and on a domestic basis. These periods have been followed by periods of short supply of and increased demand for both gold and silver. We cannot predict what the market for gold or silver will be in the future.
Government regulation or changes in such regulation may adversely affect our business.
We have and will in the future engage experts to assist us with respect to our operations. We deal with various regulatory and governmental agencies and the rules and regulations of such agencies. No assurances can be given that we will be successful in our efforts or dealings with these agencies. Further, in order for us to operate and grow our business, we need to continually conform to the laws, rules and regulations of the jurisdictions in which we operate. It is possible that the legal and regulatory environment pertaining to the exploration and development of precious metals mining properties will change. Uncertainty and new regulations and rules could increase our cost of doing business or prevent us from conducting our business.
We are in competition with companies that are larger, more established and better capitalized than we are.
Many of our potential competitors have greater financial and technical resources, as well as longer operating histories and greater experience in mining.
Exploration for economic deposits of minerals is speculative.
The business of mineral exploration is very speculative, since there is generally no way to recover any of the funds expended on exploration unless the existence of mineable reserves can be established. We can exploit those reserves by either commencing mining operations, selling or leasing our interest in the property or entering into a joint venture with a larger resource company that can further develop the property to the production stage. Unless we can establish and exploit reserves before our funds are exhausted, we will have to discontinue operations, which could make our stock valueless.
The loss of key members of our senior management team could adversely affect the execution of our business strategy and our financial results.
We believe that the successful execution of our business strategy and our ability to move beyond the exploratory stages depends on the continued employment of key members of our senior management team. If any members of our senior management team become unable or unwilling to continue in their present positions, our financial results and our business could be materially adversely affected.
We operate in a regulated industry and changes in regulations or violations of regulations may result in increased costs or sanctions that could reduce our revenues.
Our organization is subject to extensive and complex federal and state laws and regulations. If we fail to comply with the laws and regulations that are directly applicable to our business, we could suffer civil and/or criminal penalties or be subject to injunctions or cease and desist orders. While we believe that we are currently compliant with applicable rules and regulations, if there are changes in the future, there can be no assurance that we will be able to comply in the future, or that future compliance will not significantly adversely impact our operations.
We rely on independent analysis to analyze our drilling results and planned exploration activities.
We rely on independent geologists to analyze our drilling results and to prepare resource reports on several of our mining claims. While these geologists rely on standards established by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum, Standards on Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves and other standards established by various licensing bodies, there can be no assurance that their estimates or results will be accurate. Analyzing drilling results and estimating reserves or targeted drilling sites is not a certainty. Miscalculations and unanticipated drilling results may cause the geologists to alter their estimates. If this should happen, we would have devoted resources to areas where resources could have been better allocated.
The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted our business and may negatively impact our financial results in the future, and the ultimate impact will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the scope and duration of the pandemic and actions taken by governmental authorities in response to the pandemic.
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the global economy, disrupted global supply chains, lowered equity market valuations, created significant volatility and disruption in financial markets, and increased unemployment levels. In addition, the pandemic has resulted in temporary closures of many businesses and the institution of social distancing and sheltering in place requirements in many states and communities. As a result, our ability to continue with our planned activities may be significantly impacted, which could adversely affect the timing of completing our development programs which include the federal and state permitting of our Grassy Mountain Project in eastern Oregon. Furthermore, our business operations may also be disrupted if significant portions of our workforce are unable to work effectively, including because of illness, quarantines, government actions, or other restrictions in connection with the pandemic. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our business, results of operations, and financial condition, will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the scope and duration of the pandemic and actions taken by governmental authorities and other third parties in response to the pandemic.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud. As a result, current and potential stockholders could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which would harm our business and the trading price of our common stock.
Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports, prevent fraud and operate successfully as a public company. If we cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, our reputation and operating results would be harmed. We cannot be certain that our efforts to develop and maintain our internal controls will be successful, that we will be able to maintain adequate controls over our financial processes and reporting in the future or that we will be able to comply with our obligations under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Any failure to develop or maintain effective internal controls, or difficulties encountered in implementing or improving our internal controls, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our
reporting obligations. Ineffective internal controls could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which would likely have a negative effect on the trading price of our common stock.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
Our stock price may be volatile.
The market price of our common stock has been volatile. We believe investors should expect continued volatility in our stock price. Such volatility may make it difficult or impossible for you to obtain a favorable selling price for our shares.
We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future.
We have never declared or paid any dividends on our common stock. We intend to retain all of our earnings, if any, for the foreseeable future to finance the operation and expansion of our business, and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the future. As a result, you may only receive a return on your investment in our common stock if the market price of our common stock increases. Our board of directors retains discretion to change this policy.
The exercise of our outstanding options may depress our stock price.
The exercise of outstanding options and the subsequent sale of the underlying common stock in the public market, or the perception that future sales of these shares could occur, could have the effect of lowering the market price of our common stock below current levels and make it more difficult for us and our stockholders to sell our equity securities in the future.
Sales or the availability for sale of shares of common stock by stockholders could cause the market price of our common stock to decline and could impair our ability to raise capital through an offering of additional equity securities.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
Not applicable as a smaller reporting company.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Item 2. Properties.
SLEEPER GOLD PROJECT
Overview and Location
Sleeper is a material exploration property of the Company. The Company has the rights to explore, develop and mine the property through our 100% ownership of unpatented lode mining claims. Sleeper is located 26 miles northwest of Winnemucca, Nevada. Automobile and truck access to the property is by Interstate Highway 80 to Winnemucca, north on Highway 95 for 32 miles, west on Highway 140 for 14 miles, and then south for 6 miles on the maintained gravel Sod House Road to the project site. An office building, heavy equipment enclosure and warehousing facility are present on the Sleeper Gold Property. Necessary supplies, equipment and services to carry out full sequence exploration and mining development projects are available in Winnemucca, Reno, and Elko, Nevada.
Mining Claims
The Sleeper Gold mine and its 1,044 unpatented lode mining claims were acquired by PGSC through its acquisition of X-Cal Resources Ltd. in August 2010. Additional mining claims have been staked or acquired which now comprise the Sleeper Gold Project.
The 100% owned mining claims are summarized in the following table:
The Sleeper Gold Project Properties
Claims
Approx sq. miles
Sleeper Gold Mine
1,044
Dunes
Mimi
South Sleeper
Total
2,472
The following map illustrates the general location of the Sleeper Gold Project and the associated mining claims:
Property Agreements and Royalty Obligations:
The Snyder Syndicate, a private company, holds a one percent (1%) net smelter return royalty on the 1,044 Sleeper Gold mine claims in a mining scenario.
Franco-Nevada U.S. Corporation (“Franco”), holds a two percent (2%) net smelter return royalty on minerals produced from 2,474 mining claims at the Sleeper Gold Project.
The following map illustrates the claims subject to the royalty:
History of Previous Operations
The Sleeper Gold Project includes a historic open pit mine (the “Sleeper Gold mine”) operated by AMAX Gold Inc. (“Amax”) from 1986 until 1996, which produced 1.66 million ounces of gold and 2.3 million ounces of silver. All processing facilities and equipment related to the mining operations conducted by Amax have been removed from the site.
Power and Water
As a result of Amax’s mine operation from 1986 to 1996, electrical power is provided to the property by power lines. Water is available by two deep wells located on the property.
Paramount’s Exploration History at Sleeper Gold Project
PGSC conducted its first exploration program at the Sleeper Gold mine in October 2010. It consisted of 19 drill holes totaling 18,065 feet and focused on verifying data on existing models and confirming continuity and strike extension of known mineralized zones.
From July 1, 2011 through June 30, 2012, PGSC completed 79 drill holes totaling 21,013 feet and followed that up in the period from July 1, 2012, through June 30, 2013, with 38 drill holes totaling 55,104 feet.
In August 2011, PGSC announced the acquisition of 606 unpatented lode mining claims (the “Dunes Project”) located eleven miles south of the Sleeper Gold mine from ICN Resources Ltd. (“ICN”). In consideration, PGSC issued 400,000 shares of its common stock to ICN.
In September 2011, PGSC announced the results of a new material estimate on the Sleeper Gold mine prepared by SRK Consulting (“SRK”). Such estimate was conducted in accordance with the Canadian standards set forth in National Instrument 43-101. Based on the results of the report, the Company commissioned Scott E. Wilson Consulting Inc. (“SEWC”) to prepare a Preliminary Economic Assessment (“PEA”) for the project. The PEA is designed to evaluate both the technical and financial aspects of various production scenarios using the material estimate developed by SRK.
In July 2012, PGSC announced the staking of 920 new lode mining claims (the “Mimi Project”) adjacent to the west and immediately south, of the Sleeper Gold mine. The Mimi Project totals 18,400 acres.
In July 2012, PGSC announced the results of the PEA completed by SEWC on the Sleeper Gold mine property. SEWC concluded that the most attractive development scenario consists of a large-scale open pit mining operation with a heap leach processing plant handling both oxide and sulfide material, producing a gold-silver dore. The PEA assumes an 81,000 ton per day operation resulting in a projected 17-year operation with an average annual production of 172,000 ounces of gold and 263,000 ounces of silver. Paramount received the completed PEA report in September 2012.
In 2013, PGSC announced several results of a drilling campaign which was focused in and around the existing resource and pit areas. Assay results extended the mineralization east and south of the existing resource, opened up new depth potential below the existing sleeper pit and intercepted exceptional results in several zones. Additionally, PGSC undertook an extensive database review and as a result, a total of 473 core and RC holes have been re-logged and new cross-sections were generated. Paramount completed a re-interpreted lithological and structural model which will allow us to plan a new drill program and to update our mineralized material estimate model.
In August 2014, PGSC dropped a total of 212 mining claims from the Dunes and Mimi areas of the Sleeper Gold Project. These claims no longer had any geological value to the Company.
In May 2015, Paramount announced the results of its updated mineralized material estimate for its Sleeper Gold Project. The estimate incorporated all new drilling since the last mineralized material estimate that was completed in September 2011. Both estimations were completed by SRK.
In August 2015, we completed an initial geophysical survey which consisted of a helicopter magnetometry study. The survey defined several possible exploration targets which were reviewed by our geological team. Additional surveys on areas covered by overburden will be evaluated for further testing. This testing can include Induced Polarization programs or other indirect methodologies. The Company believes that the resulting data derived from the geophysical program will produce valuable drilling targets. Future drill programs will be designed with the aim identifying new zones of mineralization with an emphasis on areas covered with overburden.
In October 2015, we released the results of a new PEA for our Sleeper Gold Project in Nevada. The PEA was completed by Metal Mining Consultants Inc. (“MMC”) of Denver, Colorado. MMC concluded that the optimal mining scenario is a 30,000 tonnes per day heap leach process facility fed by an open pit.
This mining scenario results in an average annual production of 102,000 ounces of gold and 105,000 ounces of silver for seven years with additional metal recovered over the following two years during final leaching of 37,850 ounces of gold and 30,500 ounces of silver. The life of mine average cash operating expenses are estimated to be $529 per equivalent gold ounce produced and the total life of mine capital requirements are estimated to be $258.8 Million.
The PEA is preliminary in nature and should not be considered to be a pre-feasibility or feasibility study, as the economics and technical viability of the Sleeper Gold Project have not been demonstrated at this time. Therefore, there can be no certainty that the estimates contained in the PEA will be realized.
In April, 2021, we purchased 152 unpatented lode claims from South Sleeper Resources LLC for a total consideration of $365,441. The claims are located approximately 2 miles south of past producing Sleeper Gold Mine. The purchased claims carry a mineral production royalty based on a Net Smelter Returns (“NSR”) of one percent (1%). The purchased claims are without known mineral reserves.
Geology and Mineralization
The Sleeper Gold Project is situated within the western, apparently older, part of the Northern Nevada Rift geologic province of Miocene age, along the western flank of the Slumbering Hills within Desert Valley. The geological structures that underlie Desert Valley appear to have been down-dropped 3,000 to 3,300 feet along the north-to northeast-trending normal faults along the western edge of the Slumbering Hills.
Four main types of gold mineralization are found within the Sleeper Gold Project deposit and may represent a continuum as the system evolved from a high level, high sulfidation system dominated by intrusion related fluids and volatiles to a low sulfidation meteoric water dominant system. In this setting the paragenetic relationships of the differing mineralization styles are as follows:
•
Early - quartz-pyrite-marcasite stockwork;
•
Intermediate - medium-grade, silica-pyrite-marcasite cemented breccias localized on zones of structural weakness;
•
Late - high-grade, banded, quartz-adularia-electrum-(sericite) veins; and
•
Post - alluvial gold-silver deposits in Pliocene gravels.
Reclamation
Paramount is responsible for managing the reclamation activities from the previous mine operations at the Sleeper Gold Mine as directed by the BLM and the Nevada State Department of Environmental Protection. Under the filed BLM Plan of Operations (“PoO”) and reclamation permit a surety bond in the amount of $4,010,403 has been posted as financial security to ensure that required reclamation activities are fulfilled. The surety bond for the Sleeper mine reclamation activities forms a part of the Company’s comprehensive insurance program. The insurance policy, which is in effect until 2033, covers reclamation costs up to an aggregate of $25 million. The Company periodically submits updates to its Reclamation Cost Estimate (“RCE”) to the BLM to account for completed reclamation work or new reclamation requirements. As of September 2020, the Company’s RCE submitted in October 2019 was accepted by the BLM and the posted surety bond was deemed sufficient. The Company expects to file a revised RCE in the second half of 2021 with the BLM. The revised RCE will incorporate the significant reclamation work that has been completed by the Company over the past several years.
In addition to the BLM reclamation requirements, the Company is required to satisfy the State of Nevada’s reclamation requirements under various permits it holds for the Sleeper Gold Project.
Grassy Mountain Gold Project
Overview and Location
The Grassy Mountain Project is located in Malheur County, Oregon, approximately 22 miles south of Vale, Oregon, and roughly 70 miles west of Boise, Idaho. The property is accessed by vehicle from the town of Vale by a private and BLM maintained dirt road. The project site is situated in the rolling hills of the high desert region of the far western Snake River Plain and consists of 442 unpatented lode claims and 3 patented lode claims all totaling roughly 9,300 acres. The local terrain is gentle to moderate, with elevations ranging from 3300 to 4,300 feet above mean sea level.
Power and Water
To effect mining operations power and water source infrastructure would need to be developed as it does not currently exist.
Property Agreements and Royalty Obligations
The following map illustrates the mining claims subject to royalty payments at the Grassy Mountain Project:
Sherry and Yates Inc.
Prior to 2018, Calico had an annual lease agreement in place with Sherry & Yates Inc. Under the agreement Calico was required to make annual advance royalty payments at a rate of $100,000 per year. In a mining production scenario, the agreement provided for a production royalty payments based on the price of gold. In February 2018, Paramount exercised its option to reduce the existing Net Smelter Royalty from 6% down to 1.5% and acquired all the rights to the unpatented and patented mining claims subject to the agreement at the Grassy Mountain Project for a total payment of $2.4 million.
Seabridge Gold
Seabridge Gold Inc. (“Seabridge”), a NYSE listed company, holds a net profits interest (“NPI”) in a mining scenario at Grassy Mountain. The NPI is calculated at a rate of 10% on net profits on certain mining claims. Seabridge also holds an NPI put option in which during the 30 day period immediately following the day that Calico had delivered notice to Seabridge that a positive production decision has been made and construction financing has been secured with respect to the Grassy Mountain Project, Seabridge may cause Calico to purchase the NPI for CDN$10,000,000. If Seabridge exercises the right to cause Calico to purchase the NPI, the Company would likely need to seek additional equity or other financing to fund the purchase, which financing may not be available to the Company on favorable terms or at all.
Exploration History at Grassy Mountain
The Atlas Era
In 1986 Atlas Precious Metals (“Atlas”) acquired the Grassy Mountain property from two independent geologists, Dick Sherry and Skip Yates.
Atlas recognized soil geochemistry as an important tool for locating buried hydrothermal cells at Grassy Mountain. Most of the Atlas exploration targets were identified by claim-corner (600’ X 1500’ grid) soil sampling anomalies. Atlas conducted detailed soil and float sampling on several anomalies and identified a genetic link between gold mineralization and silicification. Between 1986 and 1991, Atlas completed 403 drill holes totalling 221,500 feet on the Grassy Mountain property. Out of the total, 193 were vertically oriented RC holes on 75 to 100 feet centers within the Grassy Mountain resource area. The remaining drill holes were located on prospects away from the main Grassy Mountain resource area. Many of these represent future exploration targets.
Atlas expanded the original claim block and collected additional geologic, mine engineering, civil engineering, and environmental baseline data to support a feasibility study, which was completed in 1990.
Declining gold prices and the perception of an unfavorable permitting environment at that time discouraged Atlas from developing the project, and the property was optioned to Newmont Exploration Ltd (“Newmont”) in 1992.
The Newmont Era
Newmont leased the Grassy Mountain property from Atlas in September 1992 for $30 million. In 1993, Newmont geologists mapped 40 square miles at a scale of 1:6000 and collected approximately 2,600 soil samples on a 400-feet by 200-feet grid to identify anomalies missed by the coarser Atlas grid. During 1993 and 1994, Newmont collected more than 400 rock chip samples and conducted several geophysical programs. A ground-based gravity survey was carried out along roadways and airborne magnetic and radiometric surveys were flown over the entire property. Ground based gradient array and ground magnetic surveys were conducted over primary target areas.
Newmont initiated an eleven-hole (11,472 feet) inclined diamond core drilling program designed to intersect and define the geometry of potential high-grade gold zones. Additionally, Newmont drilled one wedge hole off of their initial core drill hole. Three additional holes (2,912 feet) were drilled as RC pilot holes with core tails.
In late 1994, Newmont drilled 15 holes totalling approximately 15,000 feet and completed a mineral resource estimate that became the basis for an economic and mining method evaluation that was completed in 1995. Newmont determined that the project did not meet corporate objectives and returned the property to Atlas in September 1996.
The Tombstone Era
In January 1998, Atlas granted Tombstone Exploration Company Ltd (“Tombstone”) the option to purchase 100% of the property. Tombstone executed the option agreement and conducted an exploration program which included eight reverse circulation and two core holes totalling roughly 8,072 feet.
Prior to finalizing their agreement with Atlas, Tombstone completed an extensive review of previous work at the property and commissioned an economic study of alternative development scenarios. Relying heavily on Newmont’s gradient array surveys to define the drill targets. Lack of capital resources forced Tombstone to return the property to Atlas in May 1998.
The Seabridge/Calico Era
In February 2000, Seabridge entered an option agreement with Atlas to acquire a 100% interest in the Grassy Mountain property. Seabridge completed its acquisition of the Grassy Mountain Project in April 2003, and in April 2011, signed an option agreement granting Calico the sole and exclusive right and option to earn a 100% interest in the project.
During the 2011 exploration program, Calico mapped and sampled the Grassy Mountain deposit and completed three core and nine reverse circulation drill holes in the primary zone of mineralization on the property. Calico’s exploration strategy was to target areas where resource expansion was most probable. Historical data was thoroughly reviewed prior to drilling, and fresh sets of cross-sections and long-sections were constructed based on existing information. New interpretations of the orientation of mineralization and geology were plotted on the new sections. The new sections were then used to select areas where in-fill drilling was needed and areas where gold mineralization was open-ended and resource expansion probable. A detailed geologic model was produced based on
the results of the 2011 exploration work, and subsequent supporting geophysical surveys were completed in March, 2012. On February 5, 2013, Calico exercised its option to acquire a 100% interest in the Grassy Mountain Project from Seabridge.
A mineralized material estimate was prepared by Hardrock Consulting Inc. in November, 2014. An independent preliminary economic assessment (“PEA”) was prepared in February, 2015 by MMC, which verified the mineralized material estimate and included all drill data obtained as of September 26, 2014. The PEA concluded that potential exists for the discovery of additional mineralized material at exploration target areas identified within the Grassy Mountain claim block and the current mineralized material at Grassy Mountain is sufficient to warrant continued planning and effort to explore, permit, and develop the Grassy Mountain Project. There is sufficient data to support a basic geologic model and continuing development of the project and the detailed geologic model described in the PEA, along with the results of the exploration, drilling, and geophysical surveys completed as of October 2014, are sufficient to support preparation of a Preliminary Feasibility Study.
There is no certainty that the scenarios or estimated economics in the PEA will be realized.
Paramount Era
In November, 2016, Paramount received approval from the Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries (“DOGAMI”) under Division 37 guidelines to commence its 30-hole drill program at its 100%-owned Grassy Mountain Gold Project in Eastern Oregon. The drill program is a key component of its NI 43-101 Pre-Feasibility Study (“PFS”) that the Company began in August 2016. Drilling was commenced in late November 2016 and was completed in June 2016..
In May 2018, we released the results of a new PFS for our Grassy Mountain Project in Oregon. The PFS was completed by Mine Development Associates (“MDA”) of Reno Nevada. MDA concluded the extraction of the estimated mineralized material will be accessed via a proposed underground mine that will be accessed via one decline and a system of internal ramps. The mine design is based on a production rate of 1,300 to 1,400 tons per day over four days per week, with two shifts per day, and will provide sufficient material to feed the 750 tons per day to the mill on a seven day per week basis.
The mineralization is considered to be amenable to a combination of gravity concentration and cyanide leaching. The recovery plan will be a conventional CIL type and will produce gold doré bars to be sold to gold refiners.
This mining scenario results in an average annual production of 47,000 ounces of gold and 50,000 ounces of silver for seven years. The metal prices used for the economic analysis includes $1,300 per ounce of gold sold and $16.75 per ounce of silver sold. The life of mine average cash operating costs are estimated to be $528 per gold ounce including silver revenues as credit produced and the total life of mine capital requirements are estimated to be $110 Million.
This PFS should not be considered to be a feasibility study, as the economics and technical viability of the Grassy Mountain Project have not been demonstrated at this time. Therefore, there can be no certainty that the estimates contained in the PFS will be realized.
In November 2019, Paramount submitted its Consolidated Permit Application (“CPA”) to DOGAMI to enable the Company to build and operate its proposed, high grade underground gold mine located in Malheur County. The Application was reviewed by the DOGAMI and cooperating agencies for completeness. As part of this process, the permitting agencies have provided Paramount with a list of supplemental information and recommendations required to submit a modified CPA. Paramount, the DOGAMI and the permitting agencies will continue to work together to discuss the additional information requested, ensuring the submission of a complete modified CPA which will trigger the 225 day maximum permit evaluation process, upon which draft permits are issued.
In February 2020, the Company submitted a revised Plan of Operation (the ”PoO”) to the Federal Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”) outlining the Company’s plans to build and operate the proposed Grassy Mountain underground gold mine. The BLM has reviewed the PoO for completeness and has provided the Company with comments to address. The BLM has previously reviewed 19 of the baseline data reports (“BDRs”) and their requests for clarifications have all been addressed. The BLM will register a Notice of Intent (the ”Notice”) in the Federal Register once the application is deemed complete. The Notice initiates the Environmental Impact Statement (“EIS”) process under the National Environmental Policy Act.
In July 2020, the Company announced that the Oregon Water Resource Department (“OWRD”) had reviewed and approved the plans and specifications for the tailings dam proposed for the Grassy Mountain mine and stated that from a safety perspective the plans are construction ready. The OWRD reviewed the data within the Consolidated Permit Application which Paramount submitted in November 2019 and which included all tailings design drawings, safety analysis, field data collected and laboratory testing. The OWRD and its engineering team are required to review and evaluate the data and design, classify the hazard level (high, significant, or low hazard rating) and evaluate readiness for construction from a dam safety perspective. Considering the project’s remote geographic location, low population density, arid nature with no rivers or permanent streams in close proximity, seismic analysis and all other data compiled, OWRD has rated the dam as low hazard, its lowest risk level. The approval for construction is valid for 5 years with extensions possible on request.
In September 2020, we announced the results of a Canadian NI 43-101 Feasibility Study (“FS”) for our Grassy Mountain Project. The FS was completed by a group of industry leading consulting firms led by Ausenco Engineering Canada Inc. (“Ausenco”) who managed the overall study and were responsible for processing and infrastructure design and oversaw metallurgical testing; Mine Development Associates (“MDA”) who updated the mineral resource estimate and completed the mine planning and reserves estimation; Golder Associates designed the tailings storage facility; and EM Strategies oversaw the environmental aspects of the FS.
This mining scenario in the FS results in an average annual production of 47,000 ounces of gold and 55,000 ounces of silver for eight years. The metal prices used for the economic analysis includes $1,472 per ounce of gold sold and $16.64 per ounce of silver sold. The life of mine average cash operating costs are estimated to be $583 per gold ounce including silver revenues as by product credit and the total initial capital requirements are estimated to be $97.5 million resulting in a net present value of $105 million using a 5% discount rate. There can be no assurance that the foregoing scenario can be achieved, or if achieved, that it would generate the anticipated economic return. In October, 2020, we filed the completed FS on SEDAR as required by Canadian securities laws.
Geology and Mineralization
Grassy Mountain is the largest of twelve recognized epithermal hot spring precious metal deposits of the Lake Owyhee volcanic field. The Lake Owyhee volcanic field occurs at the intersection of three tectonic provinces: the buried cratonic margin, the northern Basin and Range, and the Snake River Plain. During the mid-Miocene caldera volcanism occurred in the shallow crust throughout the region, predominately ash-flow sheets and rhyolite tuff cones. The resulting regional stratigraphic section is a thick sequence of mid-Miocene volcanic rocks and coeval-to-Pliocene age non-marine lacustrine, volcaniclastic, and fluvial sedimentary rocks.
Bedrock outcrops in the vicinity of the Grassy Mountain property are typically composed of olivine-rich basalt and siltstones, sandstones, and conglomerates of the late Miocene Grassy Mountain Formation. These rocks are locally covered with relatively thin, unconsolidated alluvial and colluvial deposits. Erosion-resistant basalts cap local topographic highs. Arkosic sandstones have been encountered at the surface and at depth, but have not been correlated across the project area, in part due to lateral discontinuity associated with sedimentary facies changes and structural offset. The basal unit to the Grassy Mountain Formation is the Kern Basin Tuff, a non-welded, pumiceous, crystal tuff which displays cross beds and local surge structures. The Kern Basin Tuff ranges in thickness from 300 feet on the south bluffs of Grassy Mountain, to 1,500 feet in a drill hole beneath the Grassy Mountain Project area. The Kern Basin Tuff is overlain by a series of fluvial, lacustrine, and tuffaceous sediments. Most of the sedimentary units in the project area are silicified and strongly indurated. These sedimentary units include granitic clast conglomerate, arkosic sandstone, fine grained sandstone, siltstone, and tuffaceous siltstone/mudstone. The sedimentary facies of the Grassy Mountain Formation reportedly range from 300 to over 1,000 feet thick, and provide the host rocks of the Grassy Mountain mineral resource.
Several siliceous terraces are interbedded with the silicified sediments of the Grassy Mountain Formation. Terrace construction was apparently episodic and intermittently inundated by fluvial/lacustrine sediments and ash, resulting in an interbedded sequence of siltstone, tuffaceous siltstone, sandstone, conglomerate, and sinter terrace deposits. Proximal deposits are angular, inhomogeneous, clast-supported breccias of sandstone, siltstone, and sinter with indistinct clast boundaries in a sulfidic mud-textured matrix.
Grassy Mountain is a prominent, 150 feet high, silicified and iron-stained knob. Bedding is approximately horizontal at the hilltop, and dips at 10° to 25° to the north-northeast on the northern and eastern flanks of the hill. The bedding dip steepens to 30° to 40° on the west side of the hill due to drag folding in the footwall of the N20W striking Antelope Fault. The southwest slope of Grassy Mountain is covered by silicified arkose landslide debris.
Grassy Mountain is a horst block which has been raised 50 to 200 feet in a region of complex block faulting and rotation. Faulting at Grassy Mountain is dominated by post-mineral N30W to N10E striking normal faults developed during Basin and Range extension. On the northeast side of the deposit, these faults progressively down-drop mineralization beneath post-mineral cover. These offsets are suggested by interpreted offsets of a prominent white sinter bed in drill holes as well as intersections with fault gouge. The N70E striking Grassy Mountain Fault shows minor vertical offset of only 10 to 40 feet.
The surface expression of the Grassy Mountain system is indicated by weak to moderately strong silicification and iron staining with scattered chalcedonic veins/veinlets. Approximate dimensions of the Grassy Mountain deposit are 1600 feet long by 1000 feet wide by 600 feet thick. The deposit has a general N70 E elongation and a 15° bedding plane dip to the north-northeast as a result of faulting and fault block rotation. There is an envelope of lower grade mineralization at depths of 200 to 800 feet which contains a higher-grade zone of mineralization between 500 and 750 feet below the surface. The well-defined base of higher-grade mineralization from about 700 to 750 feet in depth suggests a strong pressure-temperature control on gold deposition. Sinters and breccias parallel the paleosurface present at the time of mineralization. Fractures created a stockwork pattern generally found below the sinter, though some vein extensions may extend to the surface. The stockwork is surrounded by silicified sediments. Mineralized quartz-adularia stockwork and vein types include single, banded, colliform, brecciated, and calcite-pseudomorphed veins. Visible gold (0.5 mm) has been found within the stockwork portions of the boiling horizon. The gold mostly occurs as electrum along the fracture margins or within microscopic voids. A brassy color is imparted due to the high silver content. The average silver to gold ratio at Grassy Mountain is 2.5:1.
Silicification occurs both pervasively as silica flooding and as cross-cutting veins, veinlets and stockworks. The silicified envelope has plan dimensions of 3000 feet (N-S) by 2500 feet (E-W). Silicification is surrounded by barren, relatively unaltered, clay-rich (20-40% montmorillonite), tuffaceous siltstone and arkose with minor disseminated diagenetic pyrite. Many of the sinters occur as sheets instead of mounds, which suggests that they may be related to vents along faults rather than point sources. Potassic alteration occurs as adularia flooding with destruction of biotite. The adularia is extremely fine-grained and is identified microscopically or by cobaltinitrite staining. Sulfate phases identified by XRD include jarosite and alunite in several mineralized samples. Clast-supported breccias contain sub-rounded to sub-angular sand to boulder-sized clasts of silicified arkose and siltstone in a jarosite-sericite clay matrix.
The Grassy Mountain deposit has a trace element signature that includes low levels of arsenic, antimony, and mercury.
Other Non-Material Properties
NEVADA
The Company owns additional mining claims in the State of Nevada that represents its non-material properties. The Mill Creek property which comprises 36 unpatented lode mining claims are located in Lander County. The Company intends to maintain the annual mining claim fees of approximately $7,000 for these claims.
The Mill Creek claims are without known mineral reserves and there is no current exploratory work being performed.
OREGON
In October 2018, Paramount entered into an agreement with Cryla LLC (“Cryla”) that gives the Company the right to acquire 44 mining claims covering 580 acres located immediately to the west of the proposed Grassy Mountain Project. Paramount will make annual lease payments to Cryla and following year three of the agreement, Paramount has the right to purchase the claims for a cash payment of $560,000. If purchased, Cryla will maintain a production NSR based on the prevailing price of gold. Paramount has the right to reduce the NSR from 2% to 1% for a payment of $800,000.
In November 2018, Paramount entered into an agreement with Nevada Select Royalty (“Nevada Select”) to purchase 100% interest in the Frost Project, which consists of 40 mining claims located approximately 12 miles west of its Grassy Mountain Project. A total consideration of $250,000 payable to Nevada Select will be based on certain events over time. Nevada Select will retain a 2% NSR on the Frost Claims and Paramount has the right to reduce the NSR to 1% for a payment of $1 million.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
None

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
MARKET INFORMATION
Our common stock began trading on the NYSE American LLC under the symbol “PZG” on April 20, 2015. Prior to that time, there was no public market for our stock. The following table sets forth for the indicated periods the high and low intra-day sales prices per share for our common stock on the NYSE American LLC for the two most recent years.
High
Low
Year Ended June 30, 2021
First Quarter
$
1.48
$
1.05
Second Quarter
$
1.30
$
0.96
Third Quarter
$
1.59
$
0.98
Fourth Quarter
$
1.10
$
0.96
Year Ended June 30, 2020
First Quarter
$
1.04
$
0.66
Second Quarter
$
0.85
$
0.64
Third Quarter
$
1.03
$
0.47
Fourth Quarter
$
1.38
$
0.55
HOLDERS
As of September 7 2021, there were 162 registered shareholders of our common stock.
DIVIDENDS
We currently do not anticipate paying cash dividends for the foreseeable future.
RECENT SALE OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
In April 2021, we purchased the South Sleeper Claims. A portion of the purchase price was paid by the issuance of 257,353 shares of our common stock to the sellers thereof in issuing the foregoing securities, we relied on the exemptive provisions of Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.
During the year-ended June 30, 2021, we issued 362,427 shares of common stock for payment of interest accrued and owing on our outstanding 2019 Convertible Notes. Additionally, in July 2020, October 2020, January 2021 and February 2021, a total of 1,200,000 shares of common stock were issued upon the conversion of 1,200 of our outstanding 2019 Convertible Notes. In issuing the foregoing securities, we relied on the exemptive provisions of Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506 thereunder.
On October 29, 2020, we also issued 166,792 shares of common stock to Ausenco Engineering USA South Inc. in exchange for services valued at $181,458. In issuing the foregoing securities, we relied on the exemptive provisions of Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.
EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN
Set out below is information as of June 30, 2021 with respect to compensation plans (including individual compensation arrangements) under which our equity securities are authorized for issuance under our Equity Incentive Plan.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
Plan Category
Number of
securities to be
issued upon
exercise of
outstanding
options
Weighted-
average exercise
price per share of
outstanding
options
Number of
securities
remaining
available for
future issuance
under equity
compensation
plans
Equity compensation plans approved by
security holders
1,998,995
$
1.17
170,000
Equity compensation plans not approved by
security holders
-
$
-
-
TOTAL
1,998,995
170,000

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
Not applicable as a smaller reporting company.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Overview
We are a company engaged in the business of acquiring, exploring and developing precious metal projects in the United States of America. Paramount owns advanced stage exploration projects in the states of Nevada and Oregon. We enhance the value of our projects by implementing exploration and engineering programs that are likely to expand and upgrade known mineralized material to reserves. The following discussion updates our outlook and plan of operations for the foreseeable future. It also analyzes our financial condition and summarizes the results of our operations for the years ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 and compares each year’s results to the results of the prior year.
Operating Highlights:
In April 2021, Paramount purchased 152 unpatented lode mining claims (“South Sleeper Claims”) located two miles south of the Company’s Sleeper Gold Project. Paramount paid a total consideration of $365,441 in a combination of cash and common stock of the Company. The mining claims are subject to a mineral production royalty based on net smelter returns of 1%. The South Sleeper Claims are without known mineral reserves.
Also, during the three-month period ended March 31, 2021, Paramount continued to progress its permitting activities at its Grassy Mountain Project. In addition to conducting several meetings with the State of Oregon to address comments Paramount received on its initial Consolidated Mining Application, the Company received acceptance of its wildlife baseline data report for its proposed gold mine in Malheur County. To date, 20 of 22 baseline data reports have been accepted by the state regulators. The final two reports, ground water and geochemistry, are expected to be filed in advance of submitting the revised Consolidated Permit Application.
In September 2020, we announced the results of a Canadian NI 43-101 Feasibility Study (“FS”) for our Grassy Mountain Project in Oregon. The FS was completed by a group of industry leading consulting firms led by Ausenco Engineering Canada Inc. (“Ausenco”) who managed the overall study and were responsible for processing and infrastructure design and oversaw metallurgical testing; Mine Development Associates (“MDA”) who updated the mineral resource estimate and completed the mine planning and reserves estimation; Golder Associates designed the tailings storage facility; and EM Strategies oversaw the environmental aspects of the FS.
This mining scenario in the FS results in an average annual production of 47,000 ounces of gold and 55,000 ounces of silver for eight years. The metal prices used for the economic analysis includes $1,472 per ounce of gold sold and $16.64 per ounce of silver sold. The life of mine average cash operating costs are estimated to be $583 per gold ounce including silver revenues as by product credit and the total initial capital requirements are estimated to be $97.5 million resulting in a net present value of $105 million using a
5% discount rate. There can be no assurance that the foregoing scenario can be achieved, or if achieved, that it would generate the anticipated economic return. In October, 2020, we filed the completed FS on SEDAR as required by Canadian securities laws.
In July 2020, the Company announced that the Oregon Water Resource Department (“OWRD”) had reviewed and approved the plans and specifications for the tailings dam proposed for the Grassy Mountain mine and stated that from a safety perspective the plans are construction ready. The OWRD reviewed the data within the Consolidated Permit Application which Paramount submitted in November 2019 and which included all tailings design drawings, safety analysis, field data collected and laboratory testing. The OWRD and its engineering team are required to review and evaluate the data and design, classify the hazard level (high, significant, or low hazard rating) and evaluate readiness for construction from a dam safety perspective. Considering the project’s remote geographic location, low population density, arid nature with no rivers or permanent streams in close proximity, seismic analysis and all other data compiled, OWRD has rated the dam as low hazard, its lowest risk level. The approval for construction is valid for 5 years with extensions possible on request.
.
Outlook and Plan of Operation:
We believe that investors will gain a better understanding of our company if they understand how we measure and talk about our results. As an exploration and development company, we recognize the importance of managing our liquidity and capital resources. We pay close attention to non-discretionary cash expenses and look for ways to minimize them when possible. We ensure we have sufficient cash on hand to meet our annual land holding costs as the maintenance of mining claims and leases are essential to preserve the value of our mineral property assets.
For the upcoming fiscal year, we intend to undertake the following:
Grassy Mountain Project: Paramount expects to respond to the State of Oregon’s CPA completeness review (“Review”) received in February 2019. The Review provided included proposed resolutions and additional information required by the Company and will assist the Company in submitting a revised CPA. The Company expects the revised CPA to address all the comments and requests for additional information with the objective of submitting a complete revised CPA that allows the State of Oregon to determine whether to issue a state mining permit for the Grassy Mountain Project. In addition to the State of Oregon permitting activities, Paramount expects to respond to BLM comments it received on its PoO. Once all the comments have been addressed, the BLM will register a Notice in the Federal Register once the application is deemed complete. The Notice initiates the EIS process under the National Environmental Policy Act. To complete these activities Paramount will engage specialized mining consulting firms, work with State and Federal contracted third parties and work directly with both state and federal permitting agencies.
Sleeper Gold Project:
During our fiscal year-ended June 30, 2021, Paramount initiated several targeted programs including metallurgical testing to enhance the value of the Sleeper Gold Project. As a result of a review of all geological, geochemical and geophysical data, the Company has identified several targets for exploration drilling. The purpose of an exploration drill at the Sleeper Gold Project is to locate additional higher-grade mineralization in the close proximity of the original Sleeper pit or in the large mining claim package owned by the Company and to facilitate further metallurgical testing. This commencement of this exploration program is subject to having sufficient capital on hand.
Frost Project:
The Company will implement an initial reverse circulation drill program to test historical drill results and additional selective targets.
Comparison of Operating Results for the year ended June 30, 2021 as compared to June 30, 2020
Results of Operations
We did not earn any revenue from mining operations for the years ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. During the year ended June 30, 2021, we completed various activities and milestones as described above in operating highlights. Other normal course of business activities included filing annual mining claim fees with the BLM, reclamation work at the Sleeper mine site and on-going reviews of its mining claims were completed.
Net Loss
Our net loss for the year ended June 30, 2021 was $5,903,618 compared to a net loss of $6,430,141 in the previous year. The decrease of approximately 8% is fully described below. We will continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future as we continue with our planned exploration and development programs.
Expenses
Exploration, Reclamation and Land Holding Costs
For the year ended June 30, 2021, exploration expenses were $2,816,685 compared to $4,201,138 in the prior year. This represents a decrease of 33% or $1,384,453 mainly due to the Company not incurring comparable costs as in the previous fiscal year to complete its feasibility study at the Grassy Mountain Project and incurring a higher level of permitting costs to prepare and submit its CPA with the State of Oregon. The feasibility study for the Grassy Mountain Project was commenced in July 2019 and completed in October 2020. For the year-ended June 30, 2021, the Company was focused on working with the State of Oregon to address information requests required to advance the permitting process and submit a revised consolidated permit application. Total exploration expenses at Grassy Mountain during the year were $1,949,753 .
Included, for the year-ended June 30, 2021, were expenses of $324,516 (2020 - $723,279) related to the Company’s reclamation activities at the Sleeper Project. Reclamation work continues to focus on reclaiming the past mine operation collection ponds and continued monitoring as required by the State of Nevada and the BLM. These reclamation expenses are reimbursed from funds held in a commutation account as part of the Company’s insurance program for outstanding reclamation and environmental obligations at the Sleeper Gold Project.
For the year ended June 30, 2020, the Company submitted the consolidated mining permit application with the State of Oregon and submitted a revised POO for its Grassy Mountain Project. It also continued to work on its feasibility study for the Grassy Mountain project.
For the year ended June 30, 2021, land holding costs decreased by 9% or by $52,577 from the prior year to $540,401. The decrease is primarily due to not incurring lease costs for non-essential mining claims leased from third parties.
Salaries and Benefits
For the year ended June 30, 2021, salary and benefits increased by 39% or by $383,849 from the prior year to $1,373,451. Salary and benefits are comprised of cash and stock-based compensation of the Company’s executive and corporate administration teams. The increase in expenses was primarily due to stock-based compensation incurred for new option grants, as well as bonuses awarded to the Company’s employees. Included in the salary and benefits expense amount for the year ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was non-cash stock based compensation of $332,786 and $132,286 respectively.
Directors’ Compensation
For the year ended June 30, 2021, directors’ compensation increased by 72% or by $66,640 from the prior year ended June 30, 2020. The increase is due to the stock-based compensation recorded in the current year-ended June 30, 2021 compared to the prior year ended June 30, 2020.
Professional Fees and General and Administration
For the year ended June 30, 2021, professional fees were $174,039 compared to $166,894 in the prior year. This represents a increase of 4% or $7,145. Professional fees included legal, advisory and consultant expenses incurred on corporate and operational activities being performed by the Company on a period-by-period basis.
For the year ended June 30, 2021, general and administration expenses decreased by 2% to $483,608 from $495,628 in the prior year. In general, these expenses remained stable from the prior year comparable period and any decrease was due to reduced travel related expenses due to restrictions resulting from the COVID-19 global pandemic.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As an exploration and development company, Paramount funds its operations, reclamation activities and discretionary exploration programs with its cash on hand. At June 30, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents of $3,113,064 compared to $5,434,081 as at June
30, 2020. In May 2020, the Company established an “at the market” equity offering program (“ATM”) with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. and Canaccord Genuity LLC to proactively increase financial flexibility. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021 the Company issued 3.209,133 shares for net proceeds of $3,722,554 under the program and subsequent to the year -ended June 30, 2021 issued 2,189,936 shares for gross proceeds of $1,875,521. At June 30, 2021, the Company’s prepaid expenses were $1,152,396 compared to $442,596 for the year-ended June 30, 2020. Included in the total for the year-ended June 30, 2021 were annual payments to hold the Company’s mining claims in the for all its mineral properties of $548,127. The prepaid expenses also included amounts to secure a drill rig for the Paramount’s upcoming drill program at the Frost project. Drill rigs and related services have been in high-demand from an industry perspective as the US economy re-opens from the restrictions placed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
The main uses of cash were comprised of the following material amounts:
•
Cash used to fund our operations which included general and administration expenses, land holding costs, exploration programs at our Grassy Mountain of $ 5,956,071.
In addition to cash used in operating activities, the Company used and received cash as follows:
•
Cash used to purchase mining claims in the State of Nevada of $87,500;
•
Cash received from equity financings of $3,722,554.
We anticipate our twelve-month cash expenditures for our fiscal year ending June 30, 2022 to be as follows:
•
$2.3 million on corporate and general expenses
For discretionary exploration and permitting programs, subject to available cash on hand and additional share issuances, we are budgeting the following amounts:
•
$2.0 million on the Grassy Mountain Project state and federal permitting activities
•
$0.7 million on the Frost Project exploration programs
•
$1.25 million on the Sleeper Gold Project exploration programs
Our anticipated expenditures will be funded by our cash on hand and other capital resources. Historically, we and other similar exploration and development public companies have accessed capital through equity financing arrangements or by the sale of royalties on its mineral properties. If, however we are unable to obtain additional capital or financing, our exploration and development activities will be significantly adversely affected.
Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes our obligations and commitments as of June 30, 2021 to make future payments under certain contracts, aggregated by category of contractual obligation, for specified time periods:
Payments due by period
Contractual Obligations
Total
Less than 1 year
1-3 years
4-5 years
More than 5 years
Accounts Payable & Accrued Liabilities
$
638,950
$
638,950
-
-
-
Asset Retirement Obligations
$
1,849,644
$
310,022
$
581,575
$
44,892
$
913,156
Total
$
2,488,594
$
948,972
$
581,575
$
44,892
$
913,156
Critical Accounting Policies
Management considers the following policies to be most critical in understanding the judgments that are involved in preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the uncertainties that could impact the results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Our financial statements are affected by the accounting policies used and the estimates and assumptions made by management during their preparation. Management believes the Company’s critical accounting policies are those related to mineral property acquisition costs, exploration and development cost, stock-based compensation, derivative accounting and foreign currency translation.
Estimates
The Company prepares its consolidated financial statements and notes in conformity to United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates these estimates, including those related the adequacy of the Company’s reclamation and environmental obligation, share based compensation, valuation of deferred tax asset and assessment of impairment of mineral properties. Management bases these estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Mineral property acquisition costs
The Company capitalizes the cost of acquiring mineral properties and will amortize these costs over the useful life of a property following the commencement of production or expense these costs if it is determined that the mineral property has no future economic value or the properties are sold or abandoned. Costs include cash consideration and the fair market value of shares issued on the acquisition of mineral properties. Properties acquired under option agreements, whereby payments are made at the sole discretion of the Company, are recorded in the accounts of the specific mineral property at the time the payments are made.
The amounts recorded as mineral properties reflect actual costs incurred to acquire the properties and do not indicate any present or future value of economically recoverable reserves.
Exploration expenses
We record exploration expenses as incurred. When we determine that precious metal resource deposit can be economically and legally extracted or produced based on established proven and probable reserves, further exploration expenses related to such reserves incurred after such a determination will be capitalized. To date, we have not established any proven or probable reserves and will continue to expense exploration costs as incurred.
Asset Retirement Obligation
The fair value of the Company’s asset retirement obligation (“ARO”) is measured by discounting the expected cash flows using a discount factor that reflects the credit-adjusted risk free rate of interest, while taking into account the inflation rate. The Company prepares estimates of the timing and amounts of expected cash flows and ongoing reclamation expenditures are charged against the ARO as incurred to the extent they relate to the ARO. Significant judgments and estimates are made when estimating the fair value of ARO.
Stock Based Compensation
For stock option grants with market conditions that affect vesting, the Company uses a lattice approach incorporating a Monte Carlo simulation to value stock options granted.
Option awards are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of Paramount’s stock at the date of grant and have contractual lives of 5 years. To better align the interests of its key executives, employee and directors with those of its shareholders a significant portion of those share option awards will vest contingent upon meeting certain stock price appreciation performance goals and other performance conditions. Option and share awards provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control (as defined in the employee share option plan). For stock option grants made in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company used the Black-Scholes option valuation model to value stock options granted. The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. The model requires management to make estimates which are subjective and may not be representative of actual results. Changes in assumptions can materially affect estimates of fair values. For purposes of the calculation, the following assumptions were used for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2021 and 2020:
WA Risk free interest rate
.22%
1.60%
WA Expected dividend yield
0%
0%
WA Expected stock price volatility
60%
61%
WA Expected life of options
5 years
5 years
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We are not currently a party to, or otherwise involved with, any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, or capital resources.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
The Company holds cash balances in both U.S. and Canadian dollars. We transact most of our business in U.S. dollars. We do not manage our foreign currency exchange rate risk through the use of financial or derivative instruments, forward contracts or hedging activities.
In general, the strengthening of the U.S. dollar will positively impact our expenses transacted in Canadian dollars. Conversely, any weakening of the U.S dollar will increase our expenses transacted in Canadian dollars. We do not believe that any weakening of the U.S. dollar as compared to the Canadian dollar will have an adverse material effect on our operations.
Interest Rate Risk
The Company’s investment policy for its cash and cash equivalents is focused on the preservation of capital and supporting the liquidity requirements of the Company. The Company’s interest earned on its cash balances is impacted on the fluctuations of U.S. interest rates. We do not use interest rate derivative instruments to manage exposure to interest rate changes. We do not believe that interest rate fluctuations will have any material effect on our operations.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Our financial statements, accompanying notes and Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm are included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K beginning on page, which are incorporated in this Item 8 by reference.

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Principal Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Principal Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
MANAGEMENT'S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under then supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the company’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
• Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company;
• Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and
• Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2021. In making this assessment, the Company’s management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated 2013 Framework. Based on this assessment, our management concluded that, as of June 30, 2021, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.
Because we are a smaller reporting company, our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for so long as we are a smaller reporting company.
CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
There were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the year ended June 30, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 9B. Other Information.
None.
PART III

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
The information required by Items 401, 405, 406, 407(c)(3), (d)(4) and (d)(5) of Regulation S-K will be contained in the Company’s 2021 Proxy Statement, to be filed with the SEC 120 days following the end of the Company’s fiscal year ended June 30, 2021 (the “2021 Proxy Statement”) and is hereby incorporated by reference thereto.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
The information required by Item 402 and paragraph (e)(4) and (e)(5) of Item 407 of Regulation S-K will be contained in the Company’s 2021 Proxy Statement, to be filed with the SEC 120 days following the end of the Company’s fiscal year ended June 30, 2021 and is hereby incorporated by reference thereto.

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
The information required by Item 201(d) and Item 403 of Regulation S-K will be contained in the Company’s 2021 Proxy Statement, to be filed with the SEC 120 days following the end of the Company’s fiscal year ended June 30, 2021 and is hereby incorporated by reference thereto.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
The information required by Item 404 and Item 407(a) of Regulation S-K will be contained in the Company’s 2021 Proxy Statement, to be filed with the SEC 120 days following the end of the Company’s fiscal year ended June 30, 2021 and is hereby incorporated by reference thereto.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
The information required by Item 9(e) of Schedule 14A will be filed in the Company’s 2021 Proxy Statement, to be filed with the SEC within 120 days following the end of the Company’s fiscal year ended June 30, 2021 and is hereby incorporated by reference thereto.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.
(a)
The following report and financial statements are filed together with this Annual Report:
(1)
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements of Paramount Gold Nevada Corp.
Included in Part II of this report:
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the years ended June 30, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended June 30, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended June 30, 2021 and 2020
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(b)
Index to Exhibits
Exhibit
Number
Description
1.1
Controlled Equity OfferingSM Sales Agreement, dated as of May 20, 2020, by and between Paramount Gold Nevada Corp., Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. and Canaccord Genuity LLC (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company filed on May 20, 2020)
1.2
Agency Agreement, dated as of June 24, 2020, by and between Paramount Gold Nevada Corp., Canaccord Genuity Corp. and Cantor Fitzgerald Canada Corporation. (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company filed on June 25, 2020)
2.1
Form of Separation and Distribution Agreement by and between Paramount Gold and Silver Corp. and the Registrant.1
2.2
Agreement and Plan of Merger among Coeur Mining, Inc., Hollywood Merger Sub, Inc., Paramount Gold and Silver Corp., and the Registrant, Dated as of December 16, 2014.1
2.3
Arrangement Agreement and Plan of Arrangement dated March 14, 2016, among Paramount Gold Nevada Corp. and Calico Resources Corp. (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company filed on March 17, 2016)
3.1
Certificate of Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation.2
3.2
Amended and Restated Bylaws.2
4.1*
Description of Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
4.2
Form of Warrant (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company filed on February 9, 2017)
4.3
Form of Warrant (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company filed on June 29, 2018)
4.4
Form of Senior Secured Convertible Note (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company filed on September 13, 2019)
10.1
2015 Stock Incentive and Equity Compensation Plan.2
10.2
2016 Stock Incentive and Equity Compensation Plan (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1 to Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A of the Company filed on October 28, 2016)
10.3
Form of Stock Subscription Agreement between Coeur Mining, Inc. and the Registrant.3
10.4
Employment Agreement dated October 26, 2015 between Company and Glen Van Treek (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company filed on October 26, 2015)
10.5
Employment Agreement dated October 26, 2015 between Company and Carlo Buffone (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company filed on October 26, 2015)
10.6
Amended Employment Agreement Glen Van Treek dated August 10, 2016 (Incorporated herein by reference to exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company filed on August 12, 2016)
10.7
Amended Employment Agreement Carlo Buffone dated August 10, 2016 (Incorporated herein by reference to exhibit 10.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company filed on August 12, 2016)
10.8
Form of Subscription Agreement (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company filed on February 9, 2017)
10.9
Form of Subscription Agreement (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company filed on June 29, 2018)
10.10
Form of Security Agreement (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company filed on September 13, 2019)
21.1*
List of subsidiaries.
23.1*
Consent of MNP LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
31.1*
Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*
Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1*
Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2*
Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS
XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
Exhibit
Number
Description
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
*
Filed herewith.
Incorporated by reference to the exhibit filed in the Registrant’s Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 23, 2015.
Incorporated by reference to the exhibit filed in the Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed on May 22, 2015.
Incorporated by reference to the exhibit filed in the Registrant’s Amendment No. 3 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 2, 2015.