EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1452857
Filing Year: 2021
Filename: 1452857_10-K_2021_0001452857-21-000010.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Item 1. Business
The Company
Steel Partners Holding L.P. (together with its subsidiaries, referred to herein as "SPLP") is a diversified global holding company that owns and operates businesses and has significant interests in various companies, including diversified industrial products, energy, banking, defense, direct marketing, supply chain management and logistics and youth sports. SPLP operates through the following segments: Diversified Industrial, Energy, Financial Services, and Corporate and Other. Each of our companies has its own management team with significant experience in their industries. Our subsidiary, Steel Services Ltd ("Steel Services"), through management services agreements, provides services to us and some of our companies, which include assignment of C-Level management personnel, legal, tax, accounting, treasury, consulting, auditing, administrative, compliance, environmental health and safety, human resources, marketing, investor relations, operating group management and other similar services. We work with our businesses to increase corporate value over the long term for all stakeholders by implementing our unique strategy discussed in more detail below.
SPLP is managed by SP General Services LLC ("Manager"), pursuant to the terms of an amended and restated management agreement ("Management Agreement") discussed in further detail in Note 21 - "Related Party Transactions" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K. From its founding in 1990, the Manager and its affiliates have focused on increasing value for investors in the businesses it has managed. Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Steel Partners Holdings GP Inc. ("General Partner"), is our general partner. The General Partner has a board of directors ("Board of Directors"). The Board of Directors is currently comprised of eight members, six of whom are elected annually by our unitholders and two of whom are appointed by the Manager. Warren G. Lichtenstein, the Executive Chairman of our Manager, serves as the Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors.
Products and Product Mix
Diversified Industrial Segment
The Diversified Industrial segment is comprised of manufacturers of engineered niche industrial products, with leading market positions in many of the markets they serve. The businesses in this segment distribute products to customers through their sales personnel, outside sales representatives and distributors in North and South America, Europe, Australia, Asia and several other international markets. Below is additional information related to the businesses within the Diversified Industrial segment.
Joining Materials - The Joining Materials business primarily fabricates precious metals and their alloys into brazing alloys. Brazing alloys are used to join similar and dissimilar metals, as well as specialty metals and some ceramics, with strong, hermetic joints. The Joining Materials business offers these metal joining products in a wide variety of alloys, including gold,
silver, palladium, copper, nickel, aluminum and tin. These brazing alloys are fabricated into a variety of engineered forms and are used in many industries, including electrical, appliance, transportation, construction and general industrial, where dissimilar material and metal joining applications are required. Operating income from precious metal products is principally derived from the "value-added" of processing and fabricating and not from the direct purchase and resale of precious metals. The Joining Materials business enters into commodity futures and forward contracts to mitigate the impact of price fluctuations on its precious and certain non-precious metal inventories that are not subject to fixed price contracts.
Tubing - The Tubing business manufactures a wide variety of stainless and low carbon steel tubing products. The Tubing business manufactures some of the world's longest continuous seamless stainless steel tubing coils, up to 6,000 feet, serving primarily the petrochemical and oil and gas infrastructure markets. We believe that the Tubing business is also a leading manufacturer of mechanical and fluid-carrying welded low carbon tubing used for diverse industries, including the automotive, heavy truck, heating, cooling and oil and gas markets. Products are delivered in continuous lengths from 2 inches to 30,000 feet in coil, cut or spool packaging styles.
Building Materials - The Building Materials business manufactures and supplies products primarily to the commercial construction and building industries. It manufactures fasteners, adhesives and fastening systems for the U.S. commercial low-slope roofing industry, which are sold to building and roofing material wholesalers, roofing contractors and private label roofing system manufacturers, and a line of engineered specialty fasteners for the building products industry for fastening applications in the remodeling and construction of homes, decking and landscaping.
Performance Materials - The Performance Materials business manufactures woven substrates of fiberglass, quartz, carbon and aramid materials for specialty applications in a wide expanse of markets requiring highly engineered components. Its products are used in a wide range of advanced composite applications, such as commercial and military aerospace components, printed electronic circuit boards, automotive and industrial components, and substrates for commercial and military armor applications.
Electrical Products - The Electrical Products business designs, manufactures and markets power electronics, motion control, power protection, power quality electromagnetic equipment, and custom ball-screws, gears and gearboxes used in a variety of medical, commercial and military aerospace, computer, datacom, industrial, specialty LED lighting, test and measurement, and telecom applications. Its products are generally incorporated into larger systems to improve operating performance, safety, reliability and efficiency.
Kasco Blades and Route Repair Services ("Kasco") - The Kasco business provides meat-room blade products, repair services and distributed products for the meat and deli departments of supermarkets, restaurants, meat and fish processing plants, and for distributors of electrical saws and cutting equipment, principally in North America and Europe. The Kasco business also provides cutting blades for bakeries, in addition to wood cutting blade products for the pallet manufacturing, pallet recycler and portable saw mill industries in North America.
Metallized Films and Packaging - The Metallized Films business includes Dunmore Corporation in the U.S. and Dunmore Europe GmbH in Germany (collectively, "Dunmore"), which manufacture and distribute coated, laminated and metallized films for engineered applications in the imaging, aerospace, insulation and solar photo-voltaic markets and also provide products for custom and special applications. The Packaging Business included API Group Limited ("API"), which manufactured and distributed foils, films and laminates used to enhance the visual appeal of products and packaging to various industries. On January 31, 2020, the Company announced that API and certain of its affiliates commenced administration proceedings in the United Kingdom ("U.K."). The purpose of the administration proceedings is to facilitate an orderly sale or wind-down of its U.K. operations. In the U.S., API Americas Inc. voluntarily filed for Chapter 11 proceedings in Bankruptcy Court on February 2, 2020 in order to facilitate the sale or liquidation of its business in the U.S. The Company deconsolidated API on January 31, 2020, as it no longer held a controlling financial interest as of that date. Refer to Note 6 - "Discontinued Operations" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements for further information on API.
Energy Segment
The Energy segment provides drilling and production services to the oil and gas industry and owns a youth sports business. Below is additional information related to the consolidated businesses within the Energy segment.
Steel Energy - The Energy business provides completion, recompletion and production services to exploration and production companies in the oil and gas business. The services provided include well completion and recompletion, well maintenance and workover, flow testing, down hole pumping, plug and abandonment, well logging and perforating wireline services. The Energy segment primarily provides its services to customers' extraction and production operations in North Dakota
and Montana in the Bakken basin, Colorado and Wyoming in the Niobrara basin, Texas in the Permian basin and New Mexico in the San Juan basin. It relies primarily on its local operations to sell and market its services.
Steel Sports - Steel Sports is a social impact company committed to creating a new standard in youth sports and coaching while forging the next generation of leaders. The organization strives to provide a first-class youth sports experience emphasizing positive experiences and instilling the core values of teamwork, respect, integrity and commitment.
Financial Services Segment
Through our subsidiary WebFinancial Holding Corporation, we own 100% of WebBank, which is an FDIC insured state chartered industrial bank headquartered in Utah. WebBank is subject to comprehensive regulation, examination and supervision of the FDIC and the State of Utah Department of Financial Institutions ("UDFI"). WebBank is not considered a "bank" for Bank Holding Company Act purposes and, as such, SPLP is not regulated as a bank holding company. WebBank's deposits are insured by the FDIC up to maximum allowed by law. WebBank engages in a full range of banking activities including originating loans, issuing credit cards and taking deposits that are federally insured. WebBank originates and funds consumer and small business loans through lending programs with unaffiliated companies that market and service the programs ("Marketing Partners"), where the Marketing Partners subsequently purchase the loans (or interests in the loans) that are originated by WebBank. WebBank also has private-label financing programs that are branded for a specific retailer, manufacturer, dealer channel, proprietary network and bank card programs. WebBank participates in syndicated commercial and industrial as well as asset based credit facilities and asset based securitizations through relationships with other financial institutions. Through its subsidiary, National Partners PFco, LLC ("National Partners"), WebBank provides commercial premium finance solutions for national insurance brokerages, independent insurance agencies and insureds in key markets throughout the U.S. National Partners was acquired in April 2019.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, WebBank issued loans, primarily with one of its lending partners, under the SBA's PPP, authorized under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security ("CARES") Act. As of December 31, 2020, the total PPP loans and associated liabilities are $2,047,769 and $2,090,223, respectively, and are included on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020.
Corporate and Other
Corporate and Other consists of several consolidated subsidiaries, including Steel Services, as well as equity method and other investments, and cash and cash equivalents. Its income or loss includes certain unallocated general corporate expenses. Steel Services has management services agreements with certain of our consolidated subsidiaries and other related companies. For additional information on these service agreements see Note 21 - "Related Party Transactions" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
Business Strategy
We are focused on reducing costs, including but not limited to our corporate overhead, and the sale of non-core assets. We expect the savings and proceeds will be used to pay down debt and repurchase our units. We continuously evaluate the retention and disposition of existing operations, as well as investigate possible strategic acquisitions. We continue to focus on simplifying our organizational structure and improving our free cash flow and our returns on invested capital.
We strive to enhance the business operations of our companies through balance sheet improvements, strategic allocation of capital, and operational and growth initiatives. We use a set of tools and processes called the Steel Business System to drive operational and commercial efficiencies across each of our businesses. The Steel Business System utilizes a strategy deployment process to execute strategic initiatives for each of our businesses to improve their performance, including objectives relating to manufacturing improvement, idea generation, product development, and global sourcing of materials and services. Our operational initiatives include creating efficiencies through consolidated purchasing and materials sourcing provided by the Steel Partners Purchasing Council, which arranges shared purchasing programs and is reducing costs for, and providing other benefits to, a number of our companies. We are focused on reducing corporate overhead of our companies by centralizing certain administrative and corporate services through Steel Services, which provides management, consulting and advisory services.
Raw Materials
The raw materials used by the businesses within the Diversified Industrial segment are as follows:
The Joining Materials business uses precious metals such as silver, gold and palladium to produce certain of its products. These precious metals are generally obtained under a consignment arrangement with a financial institution. In addition to precious metals, the raw materials used in the Joining Materials, Tubing, Building Materials, Electrical Products and Kasco businesses consist principally of stainless, silicon and carbon steel, aluminum, copper, tin, nickel alloys, a variety of high-performance alloys, permanent magnets, electronic and electrical components, chemicals and various plastic compositions. The raw materials used in the operations of the Performance Materials business consist principally of fiberglass, quartz and aramid yarns. The raw materials used in the Metallized Films business consist principally of polyester scrim fabric, PET film, organic solvents, aluminum, resins, pigments and adhesives. Raw materials are generally purchased at open market prices from domestic and foreign suppliers. The Diversified Industrial segment businesses have not experienced any significant problem in obtaining the necessary quantities of raw materials. Prices and availability, particularly of raw materials purchased from foreign suppliers, are affected by world market conditions and government policies. The Company enters into commodity futures and forward contracts to mitigate the impact of price fluctuations on its precious and certain non-precious metal inventories that are not subject to fixed price contracts. The raw materials used by these businesses are generally readily available from more than one source.
The businesses in our Diversified Industrial segment also require significant amounts of electricity, oil and natural gas to operate their facilities, and they are subject to price changes in these commodities. A shortage of electricity, oil or natural gas, or a government allocation of supplies resulting in a general reduction in supplies, could increase costs of production and could cause some curtailment of production.
Intellectual Property
The Company's businesses depend in part on trademarks and patents that they own, or their licenses to use others' brand names, proprietary technology and manufacturing techniques. In addition to trademark and patent protection, these businesses rely on copyrights, trade secrets, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect their intellectual property rights.
Capital Investments
SPLP believes that in order to be and remain competitive, its businesses must continuously strive to increase revenue, improve productivity and product quality, and control and/or reduce manufacturing costs. Accordingly, SPLP expects to continue to make capital investments that reduce overall manufacturing costs, improve the quality of products produced and services provided and broaden the array of products offered to the industries it serves, as well as replace equipment as necessary to maintain compliance with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations. SPLP's capital expenditures for 2020 and 2019 were $23,226 and $39,816, respectively. SPLP anticipates funding its capital expenditures in 2021 from funds generated by operations and borrowed funds.
Employees
As of December 31, 2020, the Company employed approximately 4,300 employees worldwide. Of these employees, 620 were covered by collective bargaining agreements, all in the Diversified Industrial segment. The Energy segment also hires additional full-time and part-time employees during peak seasonal periods.
Human Capital Management
Human capital management is a key driver of the Company's success, and we are committed to a work environment in which everyone is treated fairly with dignity and respect. The Company's core values are Teamwork, Respect, Integrity and Commitment. By embracing its core values, the Company strives to create an environment where its employees can all be productive, innovative and true to themselves. Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics establishes the baseline requirements of our integrity and compliance program and aims to promote an environment where everyone is treated fairly with dignity and respect.
The following programs are crucial to support and work to improve the Company's workplace environment:
•Steel Grow Program: The Company began the Steel Grow initiative (1) to formalize employee development throughout Steel Partners with the goal of identifying its high performing employees and (2) to recruit, retain and reward the best talent available for the Company, in each case, without discrimination or harassment on the basis of race, color, religion, age, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, national origin, citizenship, disability, marital status, pregnancy (including unlawful discrimination on the basis of a legally protected pregnancy/maternity leave), veteran status, genetic information or
any other characteristic protected by law. Management is committed to promoting from within when the opportunity is right for the employee and the Company, and in 2020 we promoted over 300 employees.
•Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Program: In 2020, we conducted a comprehensive Diversity, Equity and Inclusion review in the U.S. with plans for a comprehensive global rollout in 2021. Guided by our core values, we are committed to creating a company where everyone is included and respected, and where we support each other in reaching our full potential individually and as a company.
•Steel Wellness Council: Our Steel Wellness Council, with representatives from all our businesses, focuses on sharing best practices that maximize the overall wellness of employees, empowering them to help create positive change in communities where we work and live. Our initiatives include mental, physical and financial wellbeing along with healthcare education and community support. Community support includes using our coaching system to enhance the education of our employees who coach and lead children in our communities.
•Steel Environmental Health and Safety Council: The Steel Environmental Health and Safety Council is comprised of the health and safety teams at the Company's affiliate companies and representatives from the legal and human resources departments who are dedicated to the safety of our people.
Employee Safety and Well Being
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact lives and businesses worldwide, and the Company continues to take actions to ensure its employees' health and safety. Many of our office workers continue to telecommute; however, where our essential workers continue at our facilities, the Company has established a number of safety protocols, including face coverings, barriers and physical distance requirements, along with enhanced cleaning, temperature checks, work zones and quarantines as situations require. Our COVID-19 Task Force meets regularly to share good practices and create risk mitigation plans and resource guides to safeguard our employees and their families.
Competition
There are many companies, larger and smaller, domestic and foreign, which manufacture products or provide services of the type offered by our businesses. Some of these competitors are larger and have financial resources greater than our subsidiaries. Some of these competitors enjoy certain other competitive advantages, including greater name recognition, greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources, a larger installed base of customers and well-established relationships with current and potential customers.
Competition in the Diversified Industrial segment is based on quality, technology, performance, service, reputation, price, and in some industries, new product introduction.
The Energy business operates in a highly competitive industry that is influenced by price, capacity, reputation and experience. In times of high demand, capacity, reputation and experience are major competitive forces. In times of low demand, service providers will compete on price to attract customers. In addition, the Energy business needs to maintain a safe work environment and a well-trained work force to remain competitive. Energy services are affected by seasonal factors, such as inclement weather, fewer daylight hours and holidays during the winter months. Heavy snow, ice, wind or rain can make it difficult to operate and to move equipment between work sites, which can reduce its ability to provide services and generate revenues. These seasonal factors affect competitors as well. Because they have conducted business together over several years, the members of our local operations have established strong working relationships with certain of their clients. These strong client relationships provide a better understanding of region-specific issues and enable us to better address customer needs. The market for Steel Sports' baseball facility services and soccer camps and leagues is very fragmented, and its competitors are primarily small local or regional operations.
WebBank competes with a broad range of banks, both larger and smaller, across its various lines of business.
Regulation
We are subject to many U.S. federal and state and foreign laws and regulations, including those related to environmental protection, labor, employment, worker health and safety, import and export, customs and tariffs, cybersecurity, intellectual property, privacy and protection of user data. WebBank is also subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by the FDIC and legal requirements in connection with the consumer and business lending programs that it originates.
These laws and regulations are constantly evolving and may be interpreted, applied, created or amended in a manner that could harm our businesses. We believe that we are in compliance in all material respects with all such laws and regulations and that we have obtained all material licenses and permits that are required for the operation of our businesses. For more information regarding regulatory risks, see the information in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors - Risks Related to our Business and Risks Related to Taxation, of this Report and Part II, Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources - Environmental Liabilities.
Other Information
The amounts of revenue, earnings before interest and taxes, and identifiable assets attributable to the aforementioned business segments and additional information regarding SPLP's investments are included in Note 22 - "Segment Information" and Note 11 - "Investments" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
Our common units are quoted on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "SPLP." Our business address is 590 Madison Avenue, 32nd Floor, New York, New York 10022, and our telephone number is (212) 520-2300. Our website is www.steelpartners.com. We use our website as a channel of distribution of company information. The information we post through this channel may be deemed material. Accordingly, investors should monitor this channel, in addition to following our press releases, filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), and public conference calls and webcasts. The information contained in, or that can be accessed through, the website is not part of this Form 10-K. This Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports, are available to you free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after those materials have been electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Our businesses are subject to a number of risks. You should carefully consider the following risk factors, together with all of the other information included or incorporated by reference in this Report, before you decide whether to purchase our common or preferred units. These factors are not intended to represent a complete list of the general or specific risks that may affect us. It should be recognized that other risks may be significant, presently or in the future, and the risks set forth below may affect us to a greater extent than indicated. If any of the following risks occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In such case, the trading price of our common and preferred units could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Related to Our Business
The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected, and is expected to continue to pose risks to our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, and other epidemics or outbreaks of infectious diseases may have a similar impact.
We face risks related to outbreaks of infectious diseases, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 spread across the globe during 2020 and continues to impact economic activity worldwide. COVID-19 has caused disruption and volatility in the global capital markets and precipitated an economic slowdown. In response to COVID-19, national and local governments around the world instituted certain measures, including travel bans, prohibitions on group events and gatherings, shutdowns of certain businesses, quarantines, curfews, shelter-in-place orders, recommendations to practice social distancing and other mandates that substantially restricted individuals' daily activities and curtailed or ceased many businesses' normal operations. As we follow the COVID-19 guidelines from public health and governmental authorities concerning the health and safety of our personnel, these measures have resulted in reduced activity and, in some cases, required temporary closures of certain of our facilities, among other impacts. The duration of these measures is unknown, may be extended and additional measures may be imposed.
These measures and the impact of COVID-19 have had an adverse affect on the Company's results of operations, financial condition and liquidity. In particular, the continued spread of COVID-19 and efforts to contain the virus have:
•impacted customer demand for our businesses' products;
•caused disruptions in or closures of the Company's manufacturing operations or those of its customers and suppliers, (however, as of the filing of this Form 10-K, all of the Company's facilities were open and able to operate at normal capacities);
•caused the Company to experience an increase in costs as a result of the Company's emergency measures, delayed payments from customers and uncollectible accounts;
•caused delays and disruptions in the supply chain resulting in disruptions in the commercial operation of our businesses;
•limited the Company's employees' ability to work and travel and caused many of the Company's employees to work remotely;
•impacted availability of qualified personnel; and
•increased cybersecurity risks as remote working environments may be less secure and more susceptible to hacking attacks, including phishing and social engineering attempts that seek to exploit the COVID-19 pandemic.
Due to the evolving and highly uncertain nature of this event, we cannot predict at this time the full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to impact adversely our business, results and financial condition, which will depend on many factors that are not known at this time. These include, among others, the extent of harm to public health, the continued disruption to the manufacturing of and demand for our businesses' products, and the impact of the global business and economic environment on liquidity and the availability of capital. We are staying in close communication with our employees, customers and suppliers, and acting to mitigate the impact of this dynamic and evolving situation, but there is no guarantee that we will be able to do so.
We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, which could, if not effectively remediated, adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
We are required to maintain internal control over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of our financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Under the direction of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. As a result of this evaluation, management identified control deficiencies that constituted material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. Because of the material weaknesses identified in 2020, our management concluded that we did not maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020.
These material weaknesses resulted in revisions to our consolidated financial statements for the current year interim and prior annual and interim periods. Accordingly, impacted financial statements have been revised in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. While we believe we have made appropriate judgments in revising restated financial statements, there is a risk that we may have to further restate such financial statements or take other actions not currently contemplated. Additionally, we are actively engaged in developing and implementing a remediation plan designed to address these material weaknesses. Any failure to implement effective internal control could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations. Further revisions of our prior financial statements, failure to remediate our internal control or failure to maintain effective internal control in the future, among other things, could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our common and preferred units and limit our ability to raise capital, and may require us to incur additional costs to improve our internal control system. In addition, we could become subject to investigations by the stock exchange on which our securities are listed, the SEC and other regulatory authorities or private litigation, which could require additional financial and management resources.
Crude oil prices declined significantly in the first quarter of 2020 and, if oil prices continue to decline or remain at current levels for a prolonged period, our operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected.
In the first quarter of 2020, crude oil prices fell sharply and dramatically, due in part to significantly decreased demand as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the announcement by Saudi Arabia of a significant increase in its maximum crude oil production capacity as well as the announcement by Russia that previously agreed upon oil production cuts between members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its broader partners ("OPEC+") would expire on April 1, 2020, and the ensuing expiration thereof. On April 12, 2020, members of OPEC+ agreed to certain production cuts; however, these cuts were subsequently scaled back in June 2020 and again in December 2020, and the market continues to experience demand loss and uncertainty attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic. Although oil prices have made a partial recovery since the first quarter of 2020, the collapse in the demand for oil caused by this unprecedented global health and economic crisis, coupled with oil oversupply and the lack of available storage capacity, has had, and is reasonably likely to continue to have, a significant adverse impact on demand for the services of our Energy segment. The decline in our customers' demand for such services has had, and is likely to continue to have for the foreseeable future, a significant adverse impact on the Company's financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our results of operations are affected by fluctuations in commodity prices.
In the normal course of business, our operations, particularly those of our Diversified Industrial segment, are exposed to market risk or price fluctuations related to the purchase of commodities used as raw materials, such as precious metals, steel products and certain non-ferrous metals. The availability of, and prices for, these raw materials are subject to volatility and are influenced by worldwide economic conditions, speculative action, world supply and demand balances, inventory levels, availability of substitute metals, the U.S. dollar exchange rate, production costs of U.S. and foreign competitors, anticipated or perceived shortages, and other factors. Precious metal prices, including prices for gold and silver, have fluctuated significantly in recent years.
Higher commodity prices increase our costs of production and, to the extent customers delay or decrease their purchases of our products as a result of cost increases or we are otherwise unable pass cost increases on to our customers, our results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely effected. The Company is also exposed to the effects of price fluctuations on the value of its commodity inventories, in particular, its precious metal inventory. Adjustments to our inventory carrying values could have a negative impact on our profitability and cash flows. Additionally, if commodity prices significantly decline for a sustained period of time, the net realizable value of our existing inventories could be reduced or we may have to take impairments on our inventories, and our results of operations could be adversely affected. For more information, see Part II, Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk - Risks Relating to Commodity Prices.
Certain of the Company's subsidiaries sponsor defined benefit pension plans, which could subject the Company to substantial cash funding requirements in the future.
The Company's ongoing operating cash flow requirements include arranging for the funding of the minimum requirements of its subsidiaries' defined benefit pension plans. The Company is generally jointly and severally liable for such subsidiaries' underfunded pension liabilities. The performance of the financial markets and interest rates (given the mix of investment assets in the plan), as well as health care trends and associated mortality rates, impact our defined benefit pension plan expense and funding obligations. Significant changes in these factors, including adverse changes in discount rates, investment losses on plan assets and increases in participant life expectancy, may increase our funding obligations and adversely impact our financial condition. Required future contributions are estimated based upon assumptions such as discount rates on future obligations, assumed rates of return on plan assets and legislative changes. Actual future pension costs and required funding obligations will be affected by changes in the factors and assumptions described in the previous sentences, as well as other changes such as any plan termination or other acceleration events. See Part II, Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources for additional information.
We could incur significant costs, including remediation costs, as a result of complying with environmental laws or failing to comply with other extensive regulations, including banking regulations, to which our businesses are subject.
Our businesses are subject to extensive regulation by U.S. and non-U.S. governmental and self-regulatory entities at the federal, state and local levels, including laws related to anti-corruption, environmental matters, privacy matters, banking, health and safety, import laws and export control and economic sanctions, and the sale of products and services to government entities. Some of these laws and regulations pertain to the handling, storage and transportation of raw materials, products and wastes, and hazardous materials and wastes. Compliance with such requirements may make it necessary for us to retrofit existing facilities with additional pollution-control equipment, undertake new measures in connection with the storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of by-products and wastes or to take other steps, which may be at a substantial cost to our subsidiaries. Although our subsidiaries maintain insurance coverage for certain environmental matters, they could incur substantial costs, including cleanup costs, fines or sanctions, and third-party claims for property damage or personal injury, as a result of violations of, or liabilities under, environmental laws. Any material violations of these laws can lead to substantial liability, revocations of discharge permits, fines or penalties, and any new laws, regulations and enforcement policies could become more stringent and significantly increase our compliance costs or limit our future business opportunities, negatively impacting our financial condition, business and results of operations.
In addition, the consumer and business lending programs offered by WebBank are subject to extensive legal requirements at the federal and state levels, described in more detail below. If WebBank or its programs do not comply with these laws, it may be subject to claims for damages, fines, penalties or other relief, and may face regulatory examination and enforcement action, and some violations could result in an underlying loan being found invalid or unenforceable, or subject to payment defenses.
Many of the customers in our Energy segment utilize hydraulic fracturing services, which is the process of creating or expanding cracks, or fractures, in formations underground where water, sand and other additives are pumped under high pressure into the formation. Although our Energy segment is not a provider of hydraulic fracturing services, many of its services complement the hydraulic fracturing process. Fracturing regulations vary widely because they are regulated at the state level. States continue to evaluate fracturing activities and their impact on the environment. Legislation for broader federal regulation of hydraulic fracturing operations and the reporting and public disclosure of chemicals used in the fracturing process could be enacted. Additionally, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") has asserted federal regulatory authority over certain hydraulic fracturing activities involving diesel fuel under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Our Energy segment's customers' operations could be adversely affected if additional regulation or permitting requirements were to be required for hydraulic fracturing activities, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
As discussed above, our businesses must comply with substantial additional regulations. Failure to comply with these or any other regulations could result in civil and criminal, monetary and non-monetary penalties, disruptions to our business, limitations on our ability to manufacture, import, export and sell products and services, disbarment from selling to certain federal agencies, damage to our reputation and loss of customers and could cause us to incur significant legal and investigatory fees. Compliance with these and other regulations may also require us to incur significant expenses. The products and operations of our businesses are also often subject to the rules of industrial standards bodies such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and failure to comply with these rules could result in withdrawal of certifications needed to sell our products and services and otherwise adversely impact our financial condition.
Climate change legislation or regulations restricting emissions of greenhouse gases could result in increased costs and reduced demand for our services in our Energy business.
U.S. federal, regional and state, in addition to international and multilateral, government bodies are taking actions to monitor, limit, restrict and/or eliminate emissions of GHG. Our Energy business's operations, as well as the operations of its customers, are therefore subject to multifaceted risks linked to the production and processing of fossil fuels and emissions of GHG.
In the U.S., no comprehensive climate change legislation has been implemented federally. However, the EPA has adopted rules that, among other things, establish construction and operating permit reviews for GHG emissions from certain large stationary sources, require the monitoring and reporting of GHG emissions from certain petroleum and natural gas system sources, implement standards directing the reduction of methane from certain facilities in the oil and gas sector, and together with the U.S. Department of Transportation, implement GHG emissions limits on vehicles manufactured for operation domestically. Additionally, various states have adopted or are considering adopting legislation and regulation focused on GHG cap and trade programs, carbon taxes, reporting and tracking programs and emissions limits. U.S. President Joseph Biden administration's nascent climate agenda focuses on the federal government's regulatory efforts to reduce GHG emissions from stationary and mobile sources, including a recent pause on new federal leasing for oil and gas development. Fossil fuel producers also face increasing litigation risks from local governments and financial risks from liquidity sources that have become more attentive to sustainability, such as shareholders who may shift their investments into other sectors and institutional lenders who may stop funding fossil fuel companies.
These changes in the investing and financing markets, and adoption and implementation of new or more stringent GHG-related legislation or regulation on the oil and gas sector, may increase costs or reduce demand for oil and gas businesses, which could in turn reduce demand for our Energy business's well servicing, workover and other services. Additionally, political, litigation and financial risks may result in the oil and gas customers of our Energy business restricting or cancelling production activities, incurring liability in connection with climate-related changes or impairing their ability to continue operating economically, which also could lower demand for that business's services. Thus, one or more of these developments could have a material adverse effect on our Energy business's financial condition and/or results of operations.
WebBank operates in a highly regulated environment, and its lending programs are subject to extensive federal and state regulation. Ongoing legislative and regulatory actions may significantly affect our liquidity or financial condition.
The consumer and business lending programs offered by WebBank are subject to extensive legal requirements at the federal and state levels. Among the laws that may be applicable to some or all of the programs offered by WebBank are:
•the Federal Truth in Lending Act and Regulation Z promulgated thereunder, which require certain disclosures to borrowers regarding the terms of their loans;
•the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ("Dodd-Frank Act"), the Federal Trade Commission Act and state laws that prohibit unfair, deceptive, or abusive acts or practices;
•the Federal Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Regulation B promulgated thereunder, which prohibit discrimination in the extension of credit on the basis of age, race, color, sex, religion, marital status, national origin, receipt of public assistance or the exercise of any right under the Consumer Credit Protection Act;
•the Fair Credit Reporting Act, which governs the use of credit reports and the reporting of information to credit bureaus, and imposes restrictions on the marketing of credit products through prescreened solicitations based on credit report information;
•the Electronic Fund Transaction Act and Regulation E promulgated thereunder, which requires certain disclosures and imposes certain requirements on banks that provide electronic transfers of funds for consumers;
•the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act and the Military Lending Act, which impose rate limitations and other requirements in connection with the credit obligations of active duty military personnel and certain of their dependents;
•federal and state laws relating to privacy and the safeguarding of personally identifiable consumer information and data breach notification;
•the Bank Secrecy Act, which relates to compliance with anti-money laundering, customer due diligence and record-keeping policies and procedures; and
•laws governing the permissibility of the interest rates and fees that are charged to borrowers.
The Dodd-Frank Act, which was signed into law in 2010, is intended primarily to overhaul the financial regulatory framework and impacts all financial institutions, including WebBank. The Dodd-Frank Act, among other things, established the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ("CFPB") and Financial Stability Oversight Council, consolidated certain federal bank regulators and imposed increased corporate governance and executive compensation requirements. The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act, which was signed into law in May 2018, amended the Dodd-Frank Act in some respects, but many of the requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act remain in effect. The extent and complexity of this regulatory framework and other regulations has increased WebBank's regulatory compliance burden and therefore has increased its regulatory risk.
If WebBank or its programs do not comply with these laws, it may be subject to claims for damages, fines, penalties or other relief, and may face regulatory scrutiny. In addition, some violations could result in an underlying loan being found invalid or unenforceable, or subject to payment defenses. Any of these violations could result in the imposition of liability on WebBank, although WebBank may have indemnification rights for certain claims. In addition, there could be limitations on WebBank's ongoing or future business.
WebBank offers lending programs through relationships with Marketing Partners. WebBank and its Marketing Partners are subject to supervision by the FDIC and the UDFI. The authority of the FDIC and the UDFI includes the ability to examine WebBank, the Marketing Partners and the programs. The FDIC and UDFI also may bring enforcement actions against WebBank and its Marketing Partners if they detect any violations of law. These enforcement actions could result in monetary liability on WebBank, increased compliance obligations or limitations on its ongoing and future business.
Other regulators, including the CFPB and the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC"), may bring investigations and enforcement actions against WebBank's Marketing Partners. In 2018, the FTC brought such an enforcement action against one of WebBank's Marketing Partners, which remains ongoing. In 2019, the FTC reached a settlement with another WebBank Marketing Partner, in which the Marketing Partner agreed to change certain practices and to pay $3,850 to the FTC as equitable monetary relief. These actions against Marketing Partners may increase WebBank's own regulators' scrutiny of WebBank's business and could result in an increased risk of investigations or claims being brought against WebBank.
The U.S. Congress and state legislatures and federal and state regulatory authorities continually review banking laws, regulations and policies for possible changes. The new presidential administration has installed a new Acting Director of the CFPB and nominated a new Director who, as of April 12, 2021, is subject to Senate confirmation. The CFPB may revise or enact new regulatory requirements or revise or adopt new regulatory interpretations that could affect WebBank, its Marketing Partners and programs. The new administration may make other agency changes that could also affect WebBank. The FDIC recently adopted a final rule codifying its practices for supervising certain industrial banks and their parent companies. Although the rule does not directly apply to us or to WebBank at this time, the potential impact that the rule may have on our business, financial condition or results of operations in the future remains uncertain. We cannot predict whether additional legislation or regulations will be enacted and, if enacted, the effect that it would have on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Future cash flows from operations or through financings may not be sufficient to enable the Company to meet its obligations under its senior credit facility, and this would likely have a material adverse effect on its businesses, financial
condition and results of operations, and credit market volatility may affect our ability to refinance our existing debt, borrow funds under our existing lines of credit or incur additional debt.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had $336,289 available under its senior credit facility and $332,350 of outstanding indebtedness under this credit facility. There can be no assurances that the Company or its subsidiaries will continue to have access to their lines of credit if their financial performance does not satisfy the financial covenants set forth in the applicable financing agreements. If the Company or its subsidiaries do not meet certain of its financial covenants, and if they are unable to secure necessary waivers or other amendments from the respective lenders on terms acceptable to management, their ability to access available lines of credit could be limited, their debt obligations could be accelerated by the respective lenders and liquidity could be adversely affected.
If the Company's or its subsidiaries' cash needs are significantly greater than anticipated or they do not materially meet their business plans, or there are unanticipated downturns in the markets for the Company's and its subsidiaries' products and services, the Company or its subsidiaries may be required to seek additional or alternative financing sources. Future disruption and volatility in credit market conditions could have a material adverse impact on the Company's ability or that of its subsidiaries to refinance debt when it comes due on terms similar to our current credit facilities, or to draw upon existing lines of credit or incur additional debt if needed. There can be no assurance therefore that any such financing will be available or available on acceptable terms. The inability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations or through financings could impair the Company's or its subsidiaries' liquidity and would likely have a material adverse effect on their businesses, financial condition and results of operations.
Our business strategy includes acquisitions, and acquisitions entail numerous risks, including the risk of management diversion and increased costs and expenses, all of which could negatively affect the Company's profitability.
Our business strategy includes, among other things, strategic acquisitions, as well as potential opportunistic acquisitions. This element of our strategy entails several risks, including the diversion of management's attention from other business concerns and the need to finance such acquisitions with additional equity and/or debt.
In addition, once completed, acquisitions entail further risks, including: unanticipated costs and liabilities of the acquired businesses, including environmental liabilities, that could materially adversely affect our results of operations; increased regulatory compliance relating to the acquired business; difficulties in assimilating acquired businesses, their personnel and their financial reporting systems, which would prevent the expected benefits from the transaction from being realized within the anticipating time frame; negative effects on existing business relationships with suppliers and customers; and loss of key employees of the acquired businesses. In addition, any future acquisitions could result in the incurrence of additional debt and related interest expense, contingent liabilities and amortization expense related to intangible assets, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows, or the issuance of additional equity, which could dilute our unitholders' interests.
There can be no assurance that we will be able to negotiate any pending acquisition successfully (including our proposed acquisition of all outstanding shares of common stock of Steel Connect, Inc. ("Steel Connect"), for which we have sent a non-binding expression of interest), receive the required approvals for any acquisition or otherwise conclude any acquisition successfully, or that any acquisition will achieve the anticipated synergies or other positive results. If our acquisition strategy is not successful or if acquisitions are not well integrated into our existing operations, the Company's profitability, business and financial condition could be negatively affected.
We may sustain losses in our investment portfolio, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.
A portion of our assets consists of equity securities which are adjusted to fair value each period, as well as other investments. An adverse change in economic conditions or setbacks unique to such companies, their operations or business models may result in a decline in the value of these investments. Such declines in value are principally recognized in net income or loss in accordance with current accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. ("U.S. GAAP"). Any adverse changes in the financial markets and declines in value of our investments may result in additional losses and could have an adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.
Rising interest rates may negatively impact our investments and have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Changes in interest rates could have an adverse impact on our business by increasing the cost of borrowing, affecting our interest costs and our ability to make new investments on favorable terms or at all. More generally, interest rate fluctuations and changes in credit spreads on floating rate loans may have a negative impact on our investments and investment opportunities and, accordingly, may have a material adverse effect on our rate of return on invested capital, our net investment income, our net asset value and the market price of our securities. In addition, an increase in interest rates may make it difficult or impossible to make payments on outstanding indebtedness. Any increase in interest rates could have a negative effect on our interest costs and investments, which could negatively impact our operating results, financial condition and cash flows.
As more fully described in Part II, Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk of this Report, WebBank derives a portion of its income from the excess of interest collected over interest paid. The rates of interest WebBank earns on assets and pays on liabilities generally are established contractually for a period of time. Market interest rates change over time. Accordingly, WebBank's results of operations, like those of most financial institutions, are impacted by changes in interest rates and the interest rate sensitivity of its assets and liabilities. WebBank monitors and measures its exposure to changes in interest rates in order to comply with applicable government regulations and to limit the risk that changing interest rates could have a negative impact on its results of operations. There can be no assurance, however, that, in the event of adverse changes in interest rates, WebBank's efforts to limit interest rate risk will be successful.
The interest rates of our credit facilities are principally priced using a spread over LIBOR.
LIBOR, the London Interbank Offered Rate, is the basic rate of interest used in lending between banks on the London interbank market and is widely used as a reference for setting the interest rate on loans globally. We typically use LIBOR as a reference rate in our credit facilities such that the interest due to our lenders is calculated using LIBOR. Most of our credit facilities contain a stated minimum value for LIBOR, and as of December 31, 2020, the Company had $333,523 in outstanding indebtedness tied to LIBOR.
In 2017, the U.K.'s Financial Conduct Authority ("FCA"), which regulates the LIBOR administrator, previously announced that it intends to phase out LIBOR by the end of 2021. However, for U.S. dollar LIBOR, it now appears that the relevant date may be deferred to June 30, 2023 for the most common tenors (overnight and one, three, six and 12 months). As to those tenors, the LIBOR administrator has published a consultation regarding its intention to cease publication of U.S. dollar LIBOR as of June 30, 2023 (instead of December 31, 2021, as previously expected), apparently based on continued rate submissions from banks. The FCA and other regulators have stated that they welcome the LIBOR administrator's action. An extension to 2023 would mean that many legacy U.S. dollar LIBOR contracts would terminate before related LIBOR rates cease to be published. However, the same regulators emphasized that, despite any continued publication of U.S. dollar LIBOR through June 30, 2023, no new contracts using U.S. dollar LIBOR should be entered into after December 31, 2021. Moreover, the LIBOR administrator's consultation also relates to the LIBOR administrator's intention to cease publication of non-U.S. dollar LIBOR after December 31, 2021. Although the foregoing may provide some sense of timing, there is no assurance that LIBOR, of any particular currency and tenor, will continue to be published until any particular date. It is unclear if new methods of calculating LIBOR will be established such that it continues to exist or if replacement conventions will be developed. The U.S. Federal Reserve, in conjunction with the Alternative Reference Rates Committee, a steering committee comprised of large U.S. financial institutions, is considering replacing U.S. dollar LIBOR with a new index calculated by short-term repurchase agreements, backed by Treasury securities ("SOFR"). SOFR is observed and backward-looking, which stands in contrast with LIBOR under the current methodology, which is an estimated forward-looking rate and relies, to some degree, on the expert judgment of submitting panel members. Given that SOFR is a secured rate backed by government securities, it will be a rate that does not take into account bank credit risk (as is the case with LIBOR). Whether or not SOFR attains market traction as a LIBOR replacement tool remains in question. As such, the future of LIBOR is uncertain. At this time, due to a lack of consensus existing as to what rate or rates may become accepted alternatives to LIBOR, it is impossible to predict the effect of any such alternatives on our liquidity or interest expense. If LIBOR ceases to exist, we may need to renegotiate our credit agreements that utilize LIBOR as a factor in determining the interest rate to replace LIBOR with the new standard that is established. Additionally, these changes may have an adverse impact on the amount of interest earned on the Company's loan portfolio.
Our businesses rely, and may rely, on their intellectual property and licenses to use others' intellectual property for competitive advantage. If our businesses are unable to protect their intellectual property, are unable to obtain or retain licenses to use others' intellectual property, or if they infringe upon or are alleged to have infringed upon others' intellectual property, it could have a material adverse effect on their financial condition, business and results of operations.
The success of each of our businesses depends in part on the trademarks and patents that they own, or their licenses to use others', brand names, proprietary technology and manufacturing techniques. In addition to trademark and patent protection, these businesses rely on copyrights, trade secrets, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect their intellectual property rights. The steps they have taken to protect their intellectual property rights may not prevent third parties, including our competitors, from using their intellectual property without their authorization or independently developing intellectual property that is similar. In addition, the laws of foreign countries may not protect our businesses' intellectual property rights effectively. Stopping unauthorized use of proprietary information and intellectual property, and defending claims of unauthorized use of others' proprietary information or intellectual property, may be difficult, time-consuming and costly and could subject our businesses to significant liability for damages and invalidate their property rights. We cannot provide assurance that courts will always uphold our businesses' intellectual property rights or enforce the contractual arrangements that they have entered into to obtain and protect their proprietary technology. Such unauthorized use could reduce or eliminate any competitive advantage our businesses have developed, cause them to lose sales or otherwise harm their business.
We conduct business outside of the U.S., which may expose us to additional risks not typically associated with companies that operate solely in the U.S.
We conduct business and have operations or own interests in securities of companies with operations outside the U.S. These operations have additional risks, including risks relating to currency exchange, changes in tariffs, less developed or efficient financial markets than in the U.S., absence of uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, differences in the legal and regulatory environment, different publicly available information in respect of companies in non-U.S. markets, economic and political risks, public health crises (such as the ongoing coronavirus outbreak) and possible imposition of non-U.S. taxes. We may also be adversely affected by regulatory changes and economic conditions following "Brexit" (the U.K.'s exit from the European Union ("E.U."), which took effect on January 31, 2020) and the implementation of the E.U.-U.K. Trade and Cooperation Agreement beginning January 1, 2021, including uncertainties as to its effect on trade laws, tariffs and taxes, which could create instability and volatility in the global financial and currency markets. There can be no assurance that adverse developments with respect to such risks will not adversely affect our assets that are held in certain countries or the returns from these assets.
We also face several risks inherent in conducting business internationally, including compliance with international and U.S. laws and regulations that apply to our international operations. These laws and regulations include data privacy requirements, labor relations laws, tax laws, anti-competition regulations, import and trade restrictions, U.S. laws such as export control laws and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and similar laws in other countries which also prohibit corrupt payments to governmental officials or certain payments or remunerations to customers. Given the high level of complexity of these laws, there is a risk that some provisions may be inadvertently breached. Also, we may be held liable for actions taken by our local partners. Violations of these laws and regulations could result in fines and penalties, criminal sanctions against us, our officers or our employees, administrative remedies and prohibitions on the conduct of our business. Any such violations could include prohibitions on our ability to offer our products and services in one or more countries.
Recent and potential changes in U.S. trade policies and retaliatory responses from other countries may significantly increase the costs or limit supplies of materials and products used in our operations.
The federal government has created significant uncertainty about the future relationship between the U.S. and other countries with respect to trade policies, taxes, government regulations and tariffs. The former U.S. presidential administration signaled support for implementing and, in some instances, proposed or took action with respect to major changes to certain trade policies in an effort to encourage U.S. production, including tariffs on imports from China, Mexico, Canada and other countries. These new or increased tariffs or duties were imposed on an array of imported materials and goods used in connection with our operations. Foreign governments have responded by imposing or increasing tariffs, duties and/or trade restrictions on U.S. goods and may consider other measures. However, it remains unclear what additional actions, if any, will be taken by the new U.S. administration or other governments with respect to international trade agreements, the imposition of tariffs on goods imported into the U.S., tax policy related to international commerce or other trade matters. These trade conflicts and related escalating governmental actions that result in additional tariffs, duties and/or trade restrictions could increase our operating costs, cause disruptions or shortages in our supply chains and/or negatively impact the U.S., regional or local economies, and, individually or in the aggregate, materially and adversely affect our business and our consolidated financial results.
Litigation or compliance failures could adversely affect our profitability.
The nature of our businesses and our investment strategies expose us to various litigation matters. We contest these matters vigorously and make insurance claims where appropriate. However, litigation is inherently costly and unpredictable,
making it difficult to accurately estimate the outcome of any litigation. These lawsuits may include claims for compensatory damages, punitive and consequential damages and/or injunctive relief. The defense of these lawsuits may divert our management's attention, we may incur significant expenses in defending these lawsuits, and we may be required to pay damage awards or settlements or become subject to equitable remedies that could adversely affect our operations and financial condition. Moreover, any insurance or indemnification rights that we may have may be insufficient or unavailable to protect us against such losses. In addition, developments in legal proceedings in any given period may require us to adjust the loss contingency estimates that we have recorded in our consolidated financial statements, record estimates or reserves for liabilities or assets previously not susceptible of reasonable estimates or pay cash settlements or judgments. Any of these developments could adversely affect our financial condition in any particular period. Although we make accruals as we believe warranted, the amounts that we accrue could vary significantly from any amounts we actually pay due to the inherent uncertainties in the estimation process. See the "Litigation Matters" included in Note 20 - "Commitments and Contingencies" to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Report for additional information.
We may be subject to litigation as a result of our packaging business' administration and bankruptcy proceedings.
As previously disclosed in our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019, declines in the financial and operating results of our packaging business resulted in non-cash goodwill impairment charges. The packaging business continued to decline during the fourth quarter of 2019. API and certain of its affiliates commenced administration proceedings in the U.K. on January 31, 2020, and API Americas Inc. commenced bankruptcy proceedings in the U.S. on February 2, 2020 (collectively, "Proceedings"). Negative events or publicity associated with the Proceedings could adversely affect relationships with our suppliers, service providers, customers, employees and other third parties, which in turn could adversely affect our operations and financial condition. In addition, we may be subject to increased litigation risks as a result of the Proceedings, including litigation by third-parties with respect to the treatment of their claims. The defense of any such litigation may divert our management's attention, and we may incur significant expenses in defending these lawsuits. It is not possible to predict the potential litigation that we may become party to, nor the final result of such litigation. The impact of any such litigation could be material.
A significant disruption in, or breach in security of, our technology systems could adversely affect our business.
We rely on information and operational technology systems in the conduct of our business to process, transmit and store electronic information, to manufacture our products and to manage or support a variety of critical business processes and activities. In some cases, we may rely upon third-party providers of hosting, support and other services to meet our information technology requirements. Our information and operational technology systems are subject to disruption, damage or failure from a variety of sources, including, without limitation, computer viruses, security breaches, cyber-attacks, natural disasters and defects in design. Cybersecurity incidents in particular are evolving and include, but are not limited to, use of malicious software, attempts to gain unauthorized access to data or control of automated production systems, and other security breaches that could lead to disruptions in systems, unauthorized release of confidential or otherwise protected information and the corruption of data. Various measures have been implemented to manage our risks related to technology systems and network disruptions. However, given the unpredictability of the timing, nature and scope of technology security incidents and disruptions, our businesses have been, and could potentially be, subject to production downtimes, operational delays, the compromising of confidential or otherwise protected information, destruction or corruption of data, security breaches, theft, other manipulation or improper use of our systems and networks or financial losses from remedial actions, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, financial condition, reputation or results of operations. We have experienced, and could experience in the future, actual or attempted cyber-attacks of our information technology systems or networks, yet none of these actual or attempted cyber-attacks has had a material effect on our operations or financial condition. Further, any failure by our hosting and support partners or other third-party service providers in the performance of their services could materially harm our business. While we maintain cybersecurity insurance coverage that we believe is adequate for our business, such coverage may not cover all potential costs and expenses associated with any security incidents that may occur in the future.
A breach of our information technology systems could also result in the misappropriation of intellectual property, business plans or trade secrets. Any failure of our systems or those of our third-party service providers could result in unauthorized access or acquisition of such proprietary information, and any actual or perceived security breach could cause significant damage to our reputation and adversely impact our relationships with our customers. Additionally, while our security systems are designed to maintain the physical security of our facilities and information systems, accidental or willful security breaches or other unauthorized access by third parties to our facilities or our information systems could lead to misappropriation of proprietary and confidential information.
If any person, including any of our employees or those with whom we share such information, negligently disregards or intentionally breaches our established controls with respect to our client, customer or employee data, or otherwise mismanages or misappropriates that data, we could be subject to significant monetary damages, litigation, regulatory enforcement actions, fines and/or criminal prosecution in one or more jurisdictions.
We take cybersecurity seriously and devote significant resources and tools to protect our systems, products and data and to prevent unwanted intrusions and disclosures, in compliance with applicable U.S. federal and state laws and non-U.S. laws and regulations addressing cybersecurity. However, these security and compliance efforts are costly to implement and may not be successful. There can be no assurance that we will be able to prevent, detect and adequately address or mitigate such cyber-attacks or security breaches. Any such breach could have a material adverse effect on our operations and our reputation and could cause irreparable damage to us or our systems, regardless of whether we or our third-party providers are able to adequately recover critical systems following a systems failure.
Current and proposed laws and regulations regarding the protection of personal data could result in increased risks of liability or increased cost to us or could limit our service offerings.
Some of our businesses collect and store personal data and any security breaches of our systems could result in the misappropriation or unauthorized disclosure of personal data belonging to us or to our employees, partners, customers or suppliers. The regulatory environment surrounding information security and privacy is increasingly demanding. We are subject to numerous U.S. federal and state laws and non-U.S. laws and regulations governing the privacy, security and protection of personal and confidential information of our customers and employees. In particular, the E.U. has adopted the General Data Protection Regulation, or GDPR, which contains numerous requirements for processing personal data of, and honoring the exercise of GDPR specific rights by, E.U.-based data subjects and provides for penalties up to the greater of €20,000 or 4% of worldwide gross revenue for violation. We are subject to the GDPR with respect to our E.U. operations and employees. Privacy laws such as the GDPR and similar laws and regulations are increasing in complexity and number, change frequently and sometimes conflict. In particular, as the E.U. states reframe their national legislation to harmonize with the GDPR, we will need to monitor compliance with all relevant E.U. member states' laws and regulations, including where permitted derogations from the GDPR are introduced. In addition, in 2018 the state of California enacted a comprehensive data privacy law that grants new rights to California residents, and that law was amended by a ballot initiative in 2020. Additional laws may be enacted in other states or at the U.S. federal level. The GDPR, any resultant changes in E.U. member states' national laws and regulations, and existing or new U.S. state or federal data privacy laws and regulations may increase our compliance obligations and may necessitate the review and implementation of policies and processes relating to our collection, security and use of data.
This increase in compliance obligations could also lead to an increase in compliance costs which may have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, failure to comply with these data protection and privacy regulations and rules in various jurisdictions, or to resolve any serious privacy or security complaints, could subject us to regulatory sanctions, criminal prosecution or civil liability. Additionally, if we violate applicable laws, regulations or duties relating to the use, privacy or security of personal data, we could be subject to civil liability or criminal prosecution, be forced to alter our business practices and suffer reputational harm.
Labor disputes may have an adverse effect on the Company's business.
Some of our businesses are party to collective bargaining agreements with various labor unions in the U.S. and internationally. For more information, see Part I, Item 1, Business - Employees. We may be subject to, among other things, strikes, work stoppages or work slowdowns as a result of disputes under these collective bargaining agreements and labor contracts or our potential inability to negotiate acceptable contracts with these unions. If the unionized workers in the U.S. or internationally were to engage in a strike, work stoppage or other slowdown; if other employees were to become unionized or if the terms and conditions in future labor agreements were renegotiated, our businesses could experience a significant disruption in their operations, which could cause them to be unable to deliver products to customers on a timely basis. Such disruptions could also result in loss of business and higher ongoing labor costs.
Additionally, we believe some of our direct and indirect suppliers have unionized workforces. Strikes, work stoppages or slowdowns experienced by suppliers could result in slowdowns or closures of facilities where components of our products are manufactured or delivered. Any interruption in the production or delivery of these components could reduce sales, increase costs and have a material adverse effect on us.
Loss of essential employees or an inability to recruit and retain experienced personnel could have a significant negative impact on our business.
Our success is largely dependent on the skills, experience and efforts of our management and other employees. The loss of the services of one or more members of our senior management or of numerous employees with essential skills could have a negative effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. If we are not able to retain or attract talented, committed individuals to fill vacant positions when needs arise, it may adversely affect our ability to achieve our business objectives.
We may also face difficulty hiring and retaining experienced employees. Continued economic expansion and reductions in unemployment rates and the tightening of labor markets could increase the cost of operating any or all of our businesses or make it more difficult to recruit and retain those with appropriate skillsets. In a tight labor market, it may take longer to identify and hire additional employees, and such delays could, in turn, increase fees paid to recruiting firms or the amount of overtime paid to existing employees. A tightening labor market may also drive the cost of retaining employees with appropriate skillsets higher to the extent we face increased competition from employers willing or able to pay higher wages.
We rely on an adequate supply of skilled employees at our businesses. Trained and experienced personnel in our businesses' industries are in high demand. We cannot predict whether we will be able to attract, motivate and maintain an adequate skilled workforce necessary to operate our existing and future businesses efficiently, or that labor expenses will not increase as a result of a shortage in the supply of skilled personnel, thereby adversely impacting our financial performance. While our businesses generally operate with high employee turnover, any material increases in employee turnover rates or any widespread employee dissatisfaction could also have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
WebBank's status as lender of the loans it offers, and the ability of assignees to collect interest, may be challenged, and these challenges could negatively impact WebBank's ongoing and future business.
WebBank's business includes lending programs with Marketing Partners, where the Marketing Partners provide origination servicing for the loans and subsequently purchase the loans (or interests in the loans) that are originated by WebBank. There have been litigation and regulatory actions which have challenged lending arrangements where a bank has made a loan and then sold and assigned it to an entity that is engaged in assisting with the origination and servicing of the loan. Some of these cases have alleged that the marketing and servicing entity should be viewed as the "true creditor" of the loans originated through the lending program, and the bank should be disregarded. If this type of challenge is successful, state law interest rate limitations and other requirements that apply to non-bank lenders would then be applicable, instead of the federal interest rate laws that govern bank lenders. Other cases have relied on the claim that even if a bank originated a loan based on the federal interest rate laws, an assignee of a bank is not permitted to rely on the federal law and is instead subject to state law limitations. Certain of these challenges have been brought or threatened in programs involving WebBank. In August 2020, WebBank and other defendants agreed to a resolution of litigation brought by the Administrator of the Uniform Consumer Credit Code in Colorado. The defendants agreed to collectively pay $1,050 to the state and $500 to support a financial literacy program, and to make changes to their programs which the Administrator agreed would provide a safe harbor for ongoing compliance with Colorado laws. Additional cases or regulatory actions of this type, if successfully brought against WebBank or its Marketing Partners or others, could negatively impact WebBank's ongoing and future business. WebBank continues to structure its programs, and to exercise control over these programs, to address these risks, although there can be no assurance that additional cases or regulatory actions will not be brought in the future.
WebBank is subject to capital requirements, and SPLP could be called upon by the FDIC to infuse additional capital into WebBank to the extent that WebBank fails to satisfy its capital requirements.
In July 2013, the Federal Reserve Board, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and the FDIC issued rules that implemented the Basel III changes to the international regulatory capital framework and revised the U.S. risk-based and leverage capital requirements for U.S. banking organizations in order to strengthen identified areas of weakness in capital rules and to address relevant provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act.
Effective January 1, 2015 for WebBank, FDIC regulations implementing the Basel III Accord modified WebBank's minimum capital requirements by defining what constitutes capital for regulatory capital purposes and adding a 4.5% Common Equity Tier 1 ratio and increased the Tier 1 capital ratio requirement from 4% to 6%. FDIC regulations also require WebBank to comply with a total capital ratio of 8% and a leverage ratio of 4%. Additionally, WebBank is expected to maintain a Capital Conservation Buffer (composed solely of common equity Tier 1 capital) equal to 2.5% above the new regulatory minimum
capital requirements. The Capital Conservation Buffer is on top of the minimum risk-weighted capital ratios and had the effect of increasing those ratios by 2.5% each. A failure of WebBank to maintain the aggregate minimum capital required by the Capital Conservation Buffer will impair its ability to make certain distributions (including dividends and stock repurchases) and discretionary bonus payments to executive officers. A failure of WebBank to maintain capital as required by the FDIC's minimum capital requirements would subject WebBank to the FDIC's prompt corrective action regime, which may further impair WebBank's ability to make payments or distributions and may require a capital restoration plan or other corrective regulatory measures.
The Company currently cannot predict the specific impact and long-term effects that Basel III and its implementation in the U.S. will have on WebBank and the banking industry more generally. Furthermore, the Dodd-Frank Act codified a longstanding policy that all companies that directly or indirectly control an FDIC-insured bank are required to serve as a source of financial strength for such institution. As a result, SPLP could be called upon by the FDIC to infuse additional capital into WebBank to the extent that WebBank fails to satisfy its capital requirements, including at times that SPLP might not otherwise be inclined to provide it and even if doing so may adversely affect SPLP's ability to meet its other obligations, which include limitations on capital contributions to WebBank specified in the Company's senior credit facility.
WebBank's lending programs depend on relationships with Marketing Partners.
WebBank offers its lending programs with Marketing Partners. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the two highest grossing contractual lending programs accounted for approximately 12% and 23%, respectively, of WebBank's total revenue. If its Marketing Partners do not provide origination services or other services to WebBank, or provide those services in a faulty manner, that may negatively impact WebBank's ongoing and future business. In addition, if the Marketing Partners or other third parties do not purchase the loans (or interests in loans) that are originated by WebBank, then WebBank may need to retain those loans (or interests in loans) and that may negatively impact its ongoing and future business. Marketing Partners are also required to indemnify WebBank for certain liabilities that may arise from the lending programs. If Marketing Partners are unable or unwilling to satisfy their indemnification obligations, then WebBank would face increased risk from liability for claims made in private litigation or regulatory enforcement actions. Marketing Partners may rely on outside sources of capital to meet their obligations. Market conditions and other factors may affect the availability of capital for Marketing Partners. The availability of capital may also affect the volume of loans that can be originated through WebBank's lending programs. In recent periods, the availability of capital has been more limited for several of WebBank's Marketing Partners, resulting in a decrease in loan volume and a negative impact on WebBank's business.
WebBank is subject to risks of litigation from its borrowers or others regarding the processing of loans for the Paycheck Protection Program and risks that the Small Business Administration may not fund some or all Paycheck Protection Program loan guaranties.
The CARES Act included a $349 billion loan program administered through the SBA referred to as the Paycheck Protect Program. The PPP has subsequently been expanded and extended under additional legislation. Under the PPP, small businesses and other entities and individuals could apply for loans from existing SBA lenders and other approved regulated lenders. WebBank participated as a lender in the PPP. Because of the short timeframe between the passing of the CARES Act and the opening of the PPP, there was some ambiguity in the laws, rules and guidance regarding the operation of the PPP along with the continually evolving nature of the SBA rules, interpretations and guidelines concerning this program, which exposes WebBank to risks relating to noncompliance with the PPP. Since the launch of the PPP, several banks have been subject to litigation regarding the process and procedures that such banks used in processing applications for the PPP. As such, WebBank may be exposed to the risk of litigation, from both borrowers and non-borrowers that approached WebBank regarding PPP loans, regarding its process and procedures used in processing applications for the PPP. WebBank may also be subject to investigations or enforcement actions by state and federal authorities, including the SBA. If any such litigation or government action is brought against WebBank and is not resolved in a manner favorable to WebBank, it may result in significant financial liability or adversely affect its reputation. In addition, litigation and government actions can be costly, regardless of outcome. Any financial liability, litigation costs or reputational damage caused by PPP-related litigation or government actions could have a material adverse impact on WebBank's business, financial condition and results of operations.
WebBank also has credit risk on PPP loans if a determination is made by the SBA that there is a deficiency in the manner in which the loan was originated, underwritten, certified by the borrower, funded, or serviced by WebBank or its third-party servicers, such as an issue with the eligibility of a borrower to receive a PPP loan, which may or may not be related to the ambiguity in the laws, rules and guidance regarding the operation of the PPP. In the event of a loss resulting from a default on a PPP loan and a determination by the SBA that there was a deficiency in the manner in which the PPP loan was originated, certified by the borrower, funded, or serviced by WebBank or its third-party services, the SBA may deny its liability under the
guaranty, reduce the amount of the guaranty, or, if it has already paid under the guaranty, seek recovery of any loss related to the deficiency from WebBank.
Economic downturns in various sectors could disrupt and materially harm our businesses.
Negative trends in the general economy, including rising interest rates and commodity prices, could cause a downturn in the markets for our products and services. A significant portion of our revenues in the Diversified Industrial segment are received from customers in transportation, oil and gas exploration and construction-related industries, which have experienced significant financial downturns in the past. These industries are cyclical, and demand for their products tends to fluctuate due to changes in national and global economic conditions, availability of credit and other factors. A worsening of customer demand in these industries would adversely affect our revenues, profitability, operating results, cash flows and could lead to further impairments. In our Energy segment, the level of oil and natural gas exploration and production activity in the U.S. is affected by the price of oil. Reduced discovery rates of new oil and natural gas reserves, or a decrease in the development rate of reserves in our market areas, weakness in oil and natural gas prices, or our customers' perceptions that oil and natural gas prices will decrease in the future, could result in a reduction in the utilization of our equipment and result in lower revenues or rates for the services of our Energy segment. Our customers' willingness to undertake these activities depends largely upon prevailing industry conditions that are influenced by many factors over which we have no control. Our Financial Services segment could be impacted by tightening of the credit markets and other general economic declines that could result in a decrease in lending and demand for consumer loans. We may also experience a slowdown if some customers experience difficulty in obtaining adequate financing due to tightness in the credit markets. Furthermore, the financial stability of our customers or suppliers may be compromised, which could result in additional bad debts for us or non-performance by suppliers. Our assets may also be impaired or subject to write-down or write-off as a result of these conditions. These adverse effects would likely be exacerbated if global economic conditions worsen, resulting in wide-ranging, adverse and prolonged effects on general business conditions, and materially and adversely affect our operations, financial results and liquidity.
Our subsidiaries do not have long-term contracts with all of their customers, and the loss of customers with which we do not have long-term contracts could materially adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations.
Our businesses are based primarily upon individual orders, sales and service agreements with customers and not long-term contracts. As such, these customers could cease buying products or using our services at any time, for any reason, and with little or no notice, and we will have no recourse in the event a customer no longer wants to purchase products from us or use our services. If a significant number of our customers reduce, or elect not to purchase products or use our services, or we have to make price concessions in order to retain certain customers, it could materially adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations. In the event of termination, our subsidiaries' contracts sometimes provide for fees for winding down the products or services, but these fees may not be sufficient for us to maintain the revenues associated with the canceled contract or to compensate for the losses incurred in finding replacement sources of revenue.
Risks Related to Our Structure
The unitholders have limited recourse to maintain actions against the General Partner, the Board of Directors, our officers and the Manager.
The Limited Partnership Agreement of SPLP, or the "Partnership Agreement," contains broad indemnification and exculpation provisions that limit the right of a unitholder to maintain an action against the General Partner, the Board of Directors, our officers and the Manager, or to recover losses or costs incurred due to action or inaction by these parties which have a negative effect on the Company.
Our Partnership Agreement contains certain provisions that may limit the voting rights of some unitholders.
Our Partnership Agreement contains specific provisions that are intended to comply with regulatory limitations on the ownership of our securities as a result of our ownership of WebBank. Under the Partnership Agreement, a person or group that acquires beneficial ownership of 10% or more of the common units without the prior approval of the Board of Directors may lose voting rights with respect to all of its common units in excess of 9.9%.
We may have conflicts of interest with the minority shareholders of our businesses and decisions may need to be made by disinterested directors, without the participation of directors or officers associated with the Manager and the
Company. These decisions may be different from the decisions we would make, and may or may not be in the best interests of our unitholders.
Because we own less than 100% of certain affiliates, and we may engage in transactions with these affiliates from time to time, the boards of directors and officers of those businesses, including directors and officers associated with our Manager and the Company, have fiduciary duties to their respective shareholders. As a result, they may make decisions that are in the best interests of their shareholders generally but which are not necessarily in the best interest of our unitholders. In dealings with us, the directors and officers of our businesses may have conflicts of interest and decisions may have to be made without their participation. Such decisions may be different from the decisions we would make and may not be in the best interests of our common and preferred unitholders, which may have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
There are certain interlocking relationships among us and certain affiliates of Warren G. Lichtenstein, our Executive Chairman, which may present potential conflicts of interest.
Warren G. Lichtenstein, our Executive Chairman and a substantial unitholder, is the Chief Executive Officer of our Manager. As of December 31, 2020, Mr. Lichtenstein directly owned approximately 1.9% of our outstanding common units. In addition, affiliates of our Manager, including Mr. Lichtenstein, beneficially own approximately 63.0% of our outstanding common units, although Mr. Lichtenstein disclaims beneficial ownership of any common units not directly held by him. We have entered into transactions and/or agreements with these entities. There can be no assurance that such entities will not have interests in conflict with our own, or that Mr. Lichtenstein will not have interests different than those of our unitholders.
Certain members of our management team may be involved in other business activities that may involve conflicts of interest, possibly diverting their attention from the Company's operations.
Certain individual members of our management team, including Warren G. Lichtenstein, our Executive Chairman, and Jack L. Howard, our President, may from time to time be involved in the management of other businesses, including those owned or controlled by our Manager and its affiliates. Accordingly, these individuals may focus a portion of their time and attention on managing these other businesses. Conflicts may arise in the future between our interests and the interests of the other entities and business activities in which such individuals are involved.
Risks Related to Our Manager
We depend on Warren G. Lichtenstein, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Manager, and Jack L. Howard, the President of the Manager, in running our businesses. The loss of their services could have a material adverse effect on our business, results and financial condition.
Our success depends on the efforts, skills, reputation and business contacts of Warren G. Lichtenstein, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Manager and Jack L. Howard, the President of the Manager. While the key members of the Manager have worked for the Manager and its affiliates for many years, our Manager does not have any employment agreements with any of the key members of its management team, and their continued service is not guaranteed. The loss of the services of Mr. Lichtenstein or Mr. Howard could have a material adverse effect on our asset values, revenues, net income and cash flows and could harm our ability to maintain or grow our existing operations or pursue additional opportunities in the future.
We cannot determine the amount of the Management Fee that will be paid or Class C partnership units that will be issued over time with any certainty.
The Manager is entitled to receive a fee ("Management Fee") at an annual rate of 1.5% of total partners' capital. Our total partners' capital will be impacted by the performance of our businesses and other businesses we may acquire in the future, as well as the issuance of additional common or preferred units. Changes in our total partners' capital and in the resulting Management Fee could be significant, resulting in a material adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition, if our performance declines, assuming our total partners' capital remains the same, the Management Fee will increase as a percentage of our income. In addition, SPH SPV-I LLC, an affiliate of the Manager, holds partnership profits interests in the form of incentive units which entitle the holder generally to share in 15% of the increase in the equity value of the Company, as calculated for the twenty trading days prior to each year end. The incentive units' share of such appreciation is reflected by classifying a portion of the incentive units as Class C units of the Company. Any issuance of such Class C units will result in dilution to existing limited partners' holdings in the Company.
Our Manager's liability is limited under the Management Agreement, and we have agreed to indemnify our Manager against certain liabilities. Such indemnification may incentivize our Manager to take unnecessary risks with respect to actions for which it will be indemnified.
Under the Management Agreement, our Manager, its members, officers, employees, affiliates, agents and legal representatives are not liable for, and we have agreed to indemnify such persons from, any loss or expense, including without limitations, any judgment, settlement, reasonable attorneys' fees and other costs and expenses incurred in connection with the defense of any actual or threatened proceeding, other than losses resulting from willful misconduct or gross negligence in the performance of such indemnified person's obligations and duties. Such indemnification may incentivize our Manager to take unnecessary risks with respect to actions for which it will be indemnified.
Risks Related to our Common and Preferred Units
We may issue additional common or preferred units, or other series of units, in the future without the consent of unitholders and at a discount to the market price of such units. In particular, sales of significant amounts of the common or preferred units may cause the respective prices of the units to decline.
Under the terms of the Partnership Agreement, additional common or preferred units, or additional series of units, may be issued without the consent of unitholders at a discount to the market price. In addition, other classes of securities may be issued with rights that are senior to or which otherwise have preferential rights to the rights of the common and preferred units. Sales of significant amounts of the common or preferred units in the public market or the perception that such sales of significant amounts may occur could adversely affect their respective market prices. Moreover, the perceived risk of any potential dilution could cause common or preferred unitholders to attempt to sell their units and investors to "short" the common or preferred units, a practice in which an investor sells units that he or she does not own at prevailing market prices, hoping to purchase units later at a lower price to cover the sale. Any event that would cause the number of common or preferred units being offered for sale to increase would likely cause the respective units' market price to further decline. These sales might also make it more difficult for us to sell additional common or preferred units in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate.
Transfer restrictions contained in the Company's Partnership Agreement and other factors could hinder the development of an active market for our common or preferred units.
There can be no assurance as to the volume of our common or preferred units or the degree of price volatility for our common and preferred units traded on the New York Stock Exchange. There are transfer restrictions contained in the Company's Partnership Agreement to help protect net operating tax loss carryforwards of certain of the Company's corporate subsidiaries and other portfolio companies. Unless renewed, the transfer restrictions will expire on February 7, 2023, and they could hinder development of an active market for our common and preferred units.
Risks Related to Taxation
All statutory references in this section are to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the "Code."
Our common unitholders may be subject to U.S. federal, state and other income tax on their share of our taxable income, regardless of whether they receive any cash distributions from us.
The Company operates, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as a partnership and not a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation. Our common unitholders will be subject to U.S. federal, state, local and possibly, in some cases, foreign income tax on their allocable share of our taxable income, whether or not they receive cash distributions from us. Any future determination to declare dividends on the Company's common units will remain at the discretion of the Board of Directors of the General Partner and is separately determined regardless of the allocation of taxable income. Accordingly, our common unitholders may be required to make tax payments in connection with their ownership of common units that significantly exceed their cash distributions in any given year.
The Centralized Partnership Audit Regime may subject unitholders to IRS initiated tax adjustments for prior years on their personal tax returns.
For tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2018, the Company is subject to partnership audit rules enacted as part of the Centralized Partnership Audit Regime. Under the Centralized Partnership Audit Regime, any IRS audit of the Company would be conducted at the Company level, and if the IRS determines an adjustment, the default rule is that the Company would
pay an "imputed underpayment" including interest and penalties, if applicable. The Company may instead elect to make a "push-out" election, in which case the partners for the year that is under audit would be required to take into account the adjustments on their own personal income tax returns.
U.S. government tax reform could have a negative impact on the results of future operations.
On December 22, 2017, the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("Act") was enacted. The Act made substantial changes to the Code, some of which could have an adverse effect on our business. Among other things, the Act (i) reduces the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% beginning in 2018, (ii) limits annual deductions for interest net expense to no more than 30% of our "adjusted taxable income," plus 100% of our business interest income for the year and (iii) permits a taxpayer to offset only 80% (rather than 100%) of its taxable income with any U.S. net operating losses ("NOLs") generated for taxable years beginning after 2017. The U.S. Department of the Treasury has broad authority to issue regulations and interpretative guidance that may significantly impact how we will apply the law and impact our results of operations in the period issued. While the U.S. Department of the Treasury has issued some proposed regulations since the enactment of the Act, additional guidance is likely forthcoming. The prospects of supplemental legislation or regulatory processes to address uncertainties that arise because of the Act, or evolving technical interpretations of the tax law, may cause our consolidated financial statements to be impacted, whether negatively or positively, in the future. We intend to continue analyzing the effects of the Act as subsequent guidance continues to emerge.
Our tax treatment is not assured. If we are taxed as a corporation, it could adversely impact our results of operations.
A partnership is not a taxable entity, and distributions by a partnership to a partner are generally not taxable to the partnership or the partner unless the amount of cash distributed to such partner exceeds the partner's adjusted basis in its partnership interest. Section 7704 provides that generally publicly traded partnerships are taxed as corporations. However, an exception, referred to as the "Qualifying Income Exception," exists with respect to publicly traded partnerships of which 90 percent or more of the gross income for every taxable year consists of "qualifying income" as defined in the Code. We expect that we will meet the Qualifying Income Exception.
If the Qualifying Income Exception is not available to us, then we will be treated as a corporation instead of a partnership. In that event, the deemed incorporation of SPLP should be tax-free. If we were taxed as a corporation, (i) our net income would be taxed at corporate income tax rates, thereby substantially reducing our profitability, (ii) our common unitholders would not be allowed to deduct their share of losses of SPLP and (iii) distributions to our common unitholders, other than liquidating distributions, would constitute dividends to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, and would be taxable as such.
Our structure involves complex provisions of U.S. federal income tax law for which no clear precedent or authority may be available.
The U.S. federal income tax treatment of our common unitholders depends in some instances on interpretations of complex provisions of U.S. federal income tax law for which no clear precedent or authority may be available. Our Partnership Agreement permits our General Partner to modify it from time to time, including the allocation of items of income, gain, loss and deduction (including unrealized gain and unrealized loss to the extent allowable under U.S. federal income tax law), without the consent of our unitholders, to address certain changes in U.S. federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation or to preserve the uniformity of our common units. In some circumstances, such revisions could have a material adverse impact on some or all common unitholders. In addition, we formed a subsidiary partnership, to which we contributed certain of our assets ("Subsidiary Partnership"). To preserve the uniformity of common units, we (but not the Subsidiary Partnership) made an election permitted under Section 754, and we will adopt the remedial allocation method under Section 704(c) with respect to items of income, gain, loss and deduction attributable to assets contributed to us (which we will contribute to the Subsidiary Partnership), to account for any difference between the tax basis and fair market value of such assets at the time of contribution, or attributable to the "book-up" or "book-down" of our assets prior to their contribution to the Subsidiary Partnership, or while they were held by the Subsidiary Partnership, to account for the difference between the tax basis and fair market value of such assets at the time of a mark-to-market event. We intend generally to make allocations under Section 704(c) to our common unitholders in accordance with their respective percentage interests. However, built-in gain or built-in loss in existence and allocable to the assets we contributed to the Subsidiary Partnership, when recognized, will be allocated to our common unitholders as of the contribution date. We intend to prepare our tax returns on the basis that buyers of common units from such unitholders will not inherit such unitholders' built-in gains or built-in losses as of that date as a result of the election under
Section 754. However, it is not clear whether this position will be upheld if challenged by the IRS. While we believe it represents the right result, there is no law directly on point.
Tax-exempt entities face unique tax issues from owning common units that may result in adverse tax consequences to them.
A holder of common units that is a tax-exempt organization may be subject to U.S. federal income taxation to the extent that its allocable share of our income consists of unrelated business taxable income ("UBTI"). A tax-exempt partner of a partnership may be treated as earning UBTI if the partnership regularly engages in a trade or business that is unrelated to the exempt function of the tax-exempt partner, if the partnership derives income from debt-financed property (as we may borrow money) or if the tax-exempt organization's partnership interest itself is debt-financed.
Our subsidiaries may not be able to fully utilize their tax benefits, which could result in increased cash payments for taxes in future periods.
NOLs may be carried forward to offset federal and state taxable income in future years and reduce the amount of cash paid for income taxes otherwise payable on such taxable income, subject to certain limits and adjustments. If fully utilized, our subsidiaries' NOLs and other carryforwards could provide them with significant tax savings in future periods. Their ability to utilize these tax benefits in future years will depend upon their ability to generate sufficient taxable income and to comply with the rules relating to the preservation and use of NOLs, as well as potential future changes in tax laws. The potential benefit of the NOLs and other carryforwards may be limited or permanently lost as a result of the following:
•the inability to generate sufficient taxable income in future years to use such benefits before they expire as NOLs generated for taxable years ending on or before December 31, 2017 have a limited carryforward period;
•a change in control of our subsidiaries that would trigger limitations on the amount of taxable income in future years that may be offset by NOLs and other carryforwards that existed prior to the change in control; and
•examinations and audits by the IRS and other taxing authorities could reduce the amount of NOLs and other credit carryforwards that are available for future years.
Certain of our subsidiaries maintain valuation allowances against their NOLs and other carryforwards due to uncertainty regarding their ability to generate sufficient taxable income in future periods. Their inability to utilize the NOLs and other carryforwards could result in increased cash payments for taxes in future periods.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Item 2. Properties
Diversified Industrial Segment
As of December 31, 2020, the Diversified Industrial segment had 26 active operating plants in the U.S, China, U.K., Germany, France and Mexico, including warehouse, office, sales, service and laboratory space. The Diversified Industrial segment also owns or leases sales, service, office and warehouse facilities at 19 other locations in the U.S., U.K., Canada, Germany, France, Italy, Poland, Singapore and China, and owns or leases 3 non-operating locations. Manufacturing facilities are located in: Camden, Delaware; Brewster, New York; Bristol, Pennsylvania; Addison, Illinois; Evansville, Indiana; Agawam, Massachusetts; Rockford, Minnesota; Arden and Statesville, North Carolina; Anderson, South Carolina; Kenosha, Cudahy and Muskego, Wisconsin; Warwick, Rhode Island; Matamoros, Mexicali and Tecate, Mexico; Welham Green and Gwent, U.K.; Freiburg, Germany; Riberac, France; and Xianghe and Suzhou, China. The following plants are leased: Kenosha, Muskego, Arden, Rockford, one of two Matamoros plants, Mexicali, Tecate, Freiburg, Xianghe and Suzhou plants. The other plants are owned. The Diversified Industrial segment considers its manufacturing plants and service facilities to be well maintained and efficiently equipped, and therefore suitable for the work being done. The productive capacity and extent of utilization of its facilities is dependent in some cases on general business conditions and in other cases on the seasonality of the utilization of its products. Capacity can be expanded at some locations.
Energy Segment
As of December 31, 2020, the Energy business owns 3 buildings in Williston, North Dakota, including one that serves as operations hub in the Bakken basin along with separate buildings with office and shop space, 3 buildings in Farmington, New Mexico which serve as office and shop space, and a non-operating location in Arnegard, North Dakota. The Energy business also owns office and shop space in Texas that serves as its operations hub in the Permian basin. Steel Energy leases office space headquartered in Johnstown, Colorado, and the Energy business leases shop space and office space in other locations under month-to-month arrangements on an as-needed basis, and owns and leases housing for temporary living arrangements for certain of its employees.
Steel Sports has a lease for approximately 28 acres of land in Yaphank, New York for its baseball services operation. Steel Sports also has a lease for office space in Bridgewater, New Jersey which serves as the headquarters for its youth soccer operation, and also has leases in various states for small administrative offices to support the soccer operation.
Financial Services Segment
As of December 31, 2020, WebBank leases 29,751 square feet of office space headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah. WebBank also leases 3,617 square feet of office space in Summit, New Jersey and 3,031 square feet of office space in Denver, Colorado. WebBank believes that these facilities are adequate for its current needs and that suitable additional space will be available as required.
Corporate and Other
As of December 31, 2020, Steel Services leases office space headquartered in New York, New York.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
The information set forth under Note 20 - "Commitments and Contingencies" to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Report, is incorporated herein by reference. For an additional discussion of certain risks associated with legal proceedings, see also Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors of this Report.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Market Information
As of December 31, 2020, we had 22,920,804 common units issued and outstanding. Our common units, no par value, are quoted on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "SPLP."
Holders
As of December 31, 2020, there were approximately 110 unitholders of record.
Equity Performance Graph
Consistent with the rules applicable to "Smaller Reporting Companies," we have omitted information required by this item.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
None.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The Board of Directors has approved the repurchase of up to an aggregate of 5,500,000 of the Company's common units ("Repurchase Program"), which is inclusive of 2,500,000 common units approved in December 2020. The Repurchase Program supersedes and cancels, to the extent any amounts remain available, all previously approved repurchase programs. Any purchases made under the Repurchase Program will be made from time to time on the open market at prevailing market prices or in negotiated transactions off the market, in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. In connection with the Repurchase Program, the Company may enter into a stock purchase plan. The Repurchase Program has no termination date. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company purchased 2,268,771 common units for an aggregate purchase price of $20,464. Since inception of the Repurchase Program, the Company has purchased 4,357,948 common units for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $54,345. As of December 31, 2020, there remained 1,142,052 units that may yet be purchased under the Repurchase Program.
The following table provides information about our repurchases of common units during the quarter ended December 31, 2020. During that period, we did not act in concert with any affiliate or any other person to acquire any of our common stock and, accordingly, we do not believe that purchases by any such affiliate or other person (if any) are reportable in the following table.
Period Total number of units purchased Average price paid per unit Total number of units purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs Maximum number (or approximate dollar value) of units that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs
October 1-31, 2020 - $ - - 910,823
November 1-30, 2020 - - - 910,823
December 1-31, 2020 2,268,771 9.02 2,268,771 1,142,052
Total 2,268,771 $ 9.02 2,268,771 1,142,052

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
Consistent with the rules applicable to "Smaller Reporting Companies," we have omitted information required by Item 6.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto that are available elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following is a discussion and analysis of SPLP's consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31,
2020 and 2019. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, particularly in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors. All monetary amounts used in this discussion are in thousands, except common and preferred units, per common and preferred unit, and per share data..
Restatement for Correction of Immaterial Errors in Previously Issued Consolidated Financial Statements
In connection with the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company identified errors in its previously filed annual consolidated financial statements and unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements. The errors were not material to any individual prior quarterly or annual period. The prior period errors are related primarily to a division of the Company's Electrical Products business within the Diversified Industrial segment.
The Company assessed the materiality of the errors in its historical annual consolidated financial statements in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") Topic 1.M, Materiality, codified in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, and concluded that the errors were not material to the previously filed annual consolidated financial statements or corresponding unaudited interim periods but would be material in the aggregate if corrected solely in its consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020. In accordance with ASC 250 (SAB Topic 1.N, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements), the Company has corrected for these errors by revising previously filed 2019 annual consolidated financial statements in connection with the filing of this 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The revised annual consolidated financial statements also include adjustments to correct certain other immaterial errors, including errors that had previously been adjusted for as out of period corrections in the period identified. Refer to Note 25 - "Restatement of Previously Issued Consolidated Financial Statements" for reconciliations between as reported and as restated annual amounts. Accordingly, this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations reflects the impact of those restatements.
Business Segments
SPLP operates through the following segments: Diversified Industrial, Energy and Financial Services, which are managed separately and offer different products and services. Corporate and Other consists of several consolidated subsidiaries, including Steel Services, equity method and other investments, and cash and cash equivalents. Its income or loss includes certain unallocated general corporate expenses. For a more complete description of the Company's segments, see Part I, Item 1, "Business - Products and Product Mix" found elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
Significant Developments
Following is a summary of significant developments that have impacted the Company in 2020 and early 2021. For additional discussion of these matters, please see the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Report.
COVID-19 Impact
In March 2020, the World Health Organization categorized COVID-19 as a pandemic, and the President of the U.S. declared the COVID-19 outbreak a national emergency. The spread of the outbreak has caused significant disruptions in the U.S. and global economies, and economists expect the impact will be significant during the remainder of 2021 and potentially beyond. The Company is subject to risks and uncertainties as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company continues to evaluate the global risks and the slowdown in business activity related to COVID-19, including the potential impacts on its employees, customers, suppliers and financial results. As the situation surrounding COVID-19 continues to remain fluid, it is expected to continue having a negative impact to the Company; however, it is difficult to predict the duration of the pandemic and its continued impact on the Company's business, operations, financial condition and cash flows. There is no certainty that federal, state or local regulations regarding safety measures to address the spread of COVID-19 will not adversely impact the Company's operations. As of the filing of this Form 10-K, all of the Company's facilities were open and able to operate at normal capacities. Additionally, as the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, the Company initiated cost reduction actions, including the reduction and waiver of management and board fees, hiring freezes, employee furloughs, staffing and force reductions, salary reductions, bonus payment deferrals and 401(k) match suspension to help mitigate the financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company also froze all discretionary spend, implemented strict approvals for capital expenditures and aggressively managed working capital. Many of those prior actions, such as reduction and waiver of management and board fees, employee furloughs, salary reductions and 401(k) match suspensions have ceased and certain of the salary reductions and
management and board payment deferrals have been repaid. The Company continues to evaluate the overall impact of COVID-19 and may take further or continued actions as circumstances warrant.
The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected our consolidated financial results for the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company anticipates COVID-19 may continue to have an adverse impact on our business through 2021 and potentially beyond. While the Company developed and implemented, and continues to develop and implement, health and safety protocols, business continuity plans and crisis management protocols in an effort to try to mitigate the negative impact of COVID-19 to its employees and business, the severity of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's business in 2021 and beyond will depend on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the duration and severity of the pandemic, governmental actions that have been taken, or may be taken in the future, in response to the pandemic, and the extent and severity of the impact on the Company's customers and suppliers, all of which are uncertain and cannot be predicted. The Company's future results of operations and liquidity could be adversely impacted by delays in payments of outstanding receivable amounts beyond normal payment terms, supply chain disruptions and uncertain demand, and the impact of any initiatives or programs that the Company may undertake to address financial and operations challenges faced by its customers. As of the date of filing of this Form 10-K, the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may materially impact the Company's financial condition, liquidity or results of operations is uncertain.
Investments
Following is a summary of the recent transactions involving the Company's investments:
•Steel Connect - On November 19, 2020, the Board of Directors of the Company sent a letter to Steel Connect setting forth a non-binding expression of interest to acquire all of the outstanding shares of Steel Connect common stock, par value $0.01 per share, not already owned by the Company and its subsidiaries. The letter is only a proposal, which does not constitute an offer or proposal capable of acceptance and may be withdrawn at any time and in any manner. There can be no assurance that any definitive offer will be made, that any agreement will be executed or that the transaction proposed in the letter or any other transaction will be approved or completed. The Company is not obligated to disclose any further developments or updates on the progress of the proposed transaction until either the Company enters into a definitive agreement or determines no such transaction will be approved.
•Aerojet - As of December 31, 2020, the Company owned 5.1% of Aerojet Rocketdyne Holdings, Inc. ("Aerojet") common stock with a fair value of $208,758. On December 20, 2020, Aerojet entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with Lockheed Martin Corporation ("Lockheed"), in which Aerojet would be acquired by Lockheed. Pursuant to terms of the merger, each share of common stock outstanding as of immediately prior to the effective time of the merger will be automatically converted into the right to receive cash in an amount equal to $56.00 per share, without interest, less, to the extent paid or payable as outlined below, the amount per share of the Pre-Closing Dividend (defined below). On December 19, 2020, Aerojet's Board of Directors declared a one-time cash dividend of $5.00 per share (the "Pre-Closing Dividend") which was paid on March 24, 2021 to the holders of Aerojet's shares as of the close of business on March 10, 2021. The $56.00 per share price under the merger agreement is expected to be reduced to $51.00 after the pre-closing payment of the Pre-Closing Dividend to the company's stockholders.
•Aviat - In January and February of 2021, the Company sold its remaining ownership interest in Aviat Network, Inc. ("Aviat") for total proceeds of approximately $24,100.
Acquisitions, Divestitures and Discontinued Operations
•Edge Divestiture - On January 31, 2021, the Company completed the sale of its Edge business for a sales price of $16,000, subject to a working capital adjustment. Edge provided roofing edge metal products and was part of the Company's OMG, Inc. ("OMG") business in the Diversified Industrial segment.
•API Discontinued Operations - On January 31, 2020, the Company announced that API and certain of its affiliates commenced administration proceedings in the U.K. The purpose of the administration proceedings is to facilitate an orderly sale or wind-down of its U.K. operations. In the U.S., API Americas Inc. voluntarily filed for Chapter 11 proceedings in Bankruptcy Court on February 2, 2020 in order to facilitate the sale or liquidation of its assets. The API Americas Inc. Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings were closed by the Bankruptcy Court on December 21, 2020. The Company deconsolidated the API entities on the previously noted filing dates as it no longer holds a controlling financial interest as of those dates.
Common Unit Repurchase Program
•In December 2020, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the repurchase of up to an additional 2,500,000 of the Company's common units under the Repurchase Program. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company purchased 2,268,771 units for an aggregate price of $20,464 under the Repurchase Program. Since inception of the Repurchase Program, the Company has purchased 4,357,948 common units for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $54,345 and there remain 1,142,052 units that may yet be purchased under the Repurchase Program.
Preferred Units
•On February 6, 2020 ("Redemption Date"), the Company redeemed 1,600,000 units of its preferred units at a price equal to $25 per unit, plus an amount of $0.22 per unit, equal to any accumulated and unpaid distributions up to, but excluding, the Redemption Date, for a total payment of approximately $40,400.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We utilize certain non-GAAP financial measurements as defined by the SEC, which include "Adjusted EBITDA." The Company defines Adjusted EBITDA as net income or loss from continuing operations before the effects of income or loss from investments in associated companies and other investments held at fair value, interest expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization, non-cash pension expense or income, and realized and unrealized gains or losses on investments, and excludes certain non-recurring and non-cash items. The Company is presenting this non-GAAP financial measurement because it believes that this measure provides useful information to investors about the Company's business and its financial condition. The Company believes this measure is useful to investors because it is a measure used by the Company's Board of Directors and management to evaluate its ongoing business, including in internal management reporting, budgeting and forecasting processes, in comparing operating results across the business, as an internal profitability measure, as a component in evaluating the ability and the desirability of making capital expenditures and significant acquisitions, and as an element in determining executive compensation.
However, this measure is not a measure of financial performance under U.S. GAAP, and the items excluded from this measure are significant components in understanding and assessing financial performance. Therefore, this non-GAAP financial measurement should not be considered a substitute for net income or loss. Because Adjusted EBITDA is calculated before recurring cash charges, including realized losses on investments, interest expense, and taxes, and is not adjusted for capital expenditures or other recurring cash requirements of the business, it should not be considered as a measure of discretionary cash available to invest in the growth of the business. There are a number of material limitations to the use of Adjusted EBITDA as an analytical tool, including the following:
•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the Company's tax provision or the cash requirements to pay its taxes;
•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect income or loss from the Company's investments in associated companies and other investments held at fair value;
•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the Company's interest expense;
•Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash expenses in the period recorded, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the cash requirements for such replacement;
•Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the Company's net realized and unrealized gains and losses on its investments;
•Adjusted EBITDA does not include non-cash charges for pension expense and equity-based compensation;
•Adjusted EBITDA does not include amounts related to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities;
•Adjusted EBITDA does not include certain other non-recurring and non-cash items; and
•Adjusted EBITDA does not include the Company's discontinued operations.
The following table reconciles net income from continuing operations to Adjusted EBITDA:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation
Net income from continuing operations $ 83,477 $ 79,471
Income tax provision 38,136 14,563
Income from continuing operations before income taxes 121,613 94,034
Add (Deduct):
Loss of associated companies, net of taxes 3,786 8,043
Realized and unrealized gains on securities, net (25,643) (47,315)
Interest expense 29,514 38,835
Depreciation 44,583 44,619
Amortization 20,750 21,561
Non-cash goodwill impairment charges 1,100 15,924
Non-cash asset impairment charges 606 849
Non-cash pension expense 3,632 8,290
Non-cash equity-based compensation 887 779
Other items, net 12,911 9,730
Adjusted EBITDA $ 213,739 $ 195,349
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Segment Adjusted EBITDA
Diversified Industrial $ 140,634 $ 117,439
Energy 13,841 13,440
Financial Services 60,523 66,199
Corporate and Other (1,259) (1,729)
Total $ 213,739 $ 195,349
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2020 and 2019
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Revenue $ 1,310,636 $ 1,455,048
Cost of goods sold 859,863 952,071
Selling, general and administrative expenses 290,784 334,566
Goodwill impairment charges 1,100 15,924
Asset impairment charges 606 849
Interest expense 29,514 38,835
Realized and unrealized gains on securities, net (25,643) (47,315)
All other expenses, net 29,013 58,041
Total costs and expenses 1,185,237 1,352,971
Income before income taxes and equity method investments 125,399 102,077
Income tax provision 38,136 14,563
Loss of associated companies, net of taxes 3,786 8,043
Net income from continuing operations 83,477 79,471
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes (10,199) (81,165)
Net income (loss) 73,278 (1,694)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities (continuing operations) (603) 97
Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders $ 72,675 $ (1,597)
Revenue
Revenue in 2020 decreased $144,412, or 9.9%, as compared to 2019. Excluding the effect of an increase in average silver prices in the Diversified Industrial segment of 1.2%, revenue decreased by 11.1%. The net revenue decrease of 11.1% was due to lower sales volume across all the reportable segments, primarily due to the impact of COVID-19.
Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold in 2020 decreased $92,208, or 9.7%, as compared to 2019, due to decreases in the Diversified Industrial and Energy segments. The decrease in cost of goods sold was primarily due to: (1) lower sales volume in both the Diversified Industrial and Energy segments, (2) the Company's cost reduction efforts to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 and (3) a $5,049 reduction in expense due to a favorable settlement of litigation involving the OMG business in the Diversified Industrial segment (refer to Note 20).
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A") in 2020 decreased $43,782, or 13.1%, as compared to 2019, primarily due to lower sales volume and cost reduction initiatives in the Diversified Industrial and Energy segments. These decreases were partially offset by: (1) a $14,000 environmental reserve charge recorded in 2020 in the Diversified Industrial segment related to a legacy, non-operating site and (2) higher SG&A in the Financial Services segment driven by increased credit performance fees associated with the larger loan balances. There was also a $12,500 expense associated with a legal settlement in Corporate and Other in 2019.
Goodwill Impairment Charges
As a result of declines in customer demand and the performance of the performance materials business during 2020, the Company recorded a $1,100 charge in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.
The Company fully impaired the Packaging reporting unit's goodwill during 2019 and recorded aggregate pre-tax Goodwill impairment charges of $41,853 ($15,924 classified in continuing operations for Dunmore and $25,929 classified in discontinued operations for API) in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Asset Impairment Charges
As a result of COVID-19 related declines in our youth sports business within the Energy segment, intangible assets of $606, primarily customer relationships, were fully impaired in 2020. The impairment charges in 2019 of $849 were primarily related to unused software in the Diversified Industrial segment's Kasco business.
Interest Expense
Interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was $29,514 and $38,835, respectively. The lower interest expense in 2020 was primarily due to lower interest rates.
Realized and Unrealized Gains on Securities, Net
Realized and unrealized gains on securities, net for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was $25,643 and $47,315, respectively. The changes in realized and unrealized gains on securities, net over the respective periods are primarily due to mark-to-market adjustments on the Company's portfolio of securities, which are required to be recorded in earnings under U.S. GAAP.
All Other Expenses, Net
All other expenses, net were lower by $29,028 in 2020, as compared to 2019. The decrease was primarily due to lower provision for loan losses and lower finance interest expense, as compared to 2019.
Income Taxes
As a limited partnership, we are generally not responsible for federal and state income taxes, and our profits and losses are passed directly to our limited partners for inclusion in their respective income tax returns. The Company's tax provision represents the income tax expense or benefit of its consolidated corporate subsidiaries. For the year ended December 31, 2020, a tax provision of $38,136 was recorded, as compared to $14,563 in 2019. Significant losses incurred by a corporate subsidiary together with losses incurred by the limited partnership, a flow-through entity, for both of which no tax benefits have been recorded, resulted in an effective tax rate of 30.4% based on the consolidated income before income taxes and equity method investments of $125,399 in 2020. The lower 2019 effective tax rate reflects benefits for the removal of the valuation allowance on a capital loss carryforward and deductions related to the write-off of investments in certain subsidiaries.
Loss of Associated Companies, Net of Taxes
The Company incurred losses from associated companies, net of taxes, of $3,786 in 2020, as compared to losses, net of taxes of $8,043 in 2019. For the details of each of these investments and the related mark-to-market adjustments in both periods, see Note 11 - "Investments" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
Loss from Discontinued Operations
The Company recorded net loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes, of $10,199 and $81,165 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, related to the Company's API entities which were part of the Diversified Industrial segment. The Company deconsolidated API on January 31, 2020 as it no longer held a controlling financial interest as of that date (see to Note 6 - "Discontinued Operations").
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA was $213,739 in 2020, as compared to $195,349 in 2019. Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of sales was 16.3% in 2020, as compared to 13.4% in 2019. Higher Adjusted EBITDA in 2020 was primarily driven by cost reduction efforts to mitigate the impact of COVID-19, partially offset by the unfavorable impact from lower revenue, as compared to 2019.
Segment Analysis
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Revenue:
Diversified Industrial $ 1,058,745 $ 1,119,642
Energy 107,831 163,972
Financial Services 144,060 171,434
Total $ 1,310,636 $ 1,455,048
Segment income (loss) before interest expense and income taxes:
Diversified Industrial $ 70,849 $ 41,744
Energy (1,887) (3,846)
Financial Services 59,799 69,385
Corporate and Other 22,366 25,586
Income before interest expense and income taxes 151,127 132,869
Interest expense 29,514 38,835
Income tax provision 38,136 14,563
Net income from continuing operations $ 83,477 $ 79,471
Segment depreciation and amortization:
Diversified Industrial $ 49,451 $ 48,055
Energy 15,006 17,548
Financial Services 717 423
Corporate and Other 159 154
Total depreciation and amortization
$ 65,333 $ 66,180
Loss of associated companies, net of taxes:
Corporate and Other $ 3,786 $ 8,043
Total $ 3,786 $ 8,043
Diversified Industrial
Net sales in 2020 decreased by $60,897, or 5.4%, as compared to 2019. The change in net sales reflects an increase of $17,142 as a result of higher average silver prices. Excluding the favorable impact from higher average silver prices, net sales decreased by approximately $78,039, primarily due to lower sales volume from the performance materials and electrical products businesses, partially offset by higher sales volume from the building materials business.
Segment operating income in 2020 increased by $29,105, or 69.7%, as compared to 2019. The increase in operating income was primarily due to: (1) the absence of a $15,924 non-cash goodwill impairment charge associated with the packaging business in 2019 and (2) lower SG&A driven by cost reduction actions. These increases were partially offset by lower gross profit as a result of declines in sales volume.
Segment Adjusted EBITDA in 2020 increased by $23,195, or 19.8%, as compared to 2019. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to lower SG&A driven by cost reduction actions, partially offset by lower gross profit as a result of declines in sales volume.
Energy
In 2020, net revenue decreased $56,141, or 34.2%, as compared to 2019. The decrease in net revenue was primarily due lower oil prices and lower rig hours, as compared to 2019, as a result of the overall downturn experienced in the oil services industry in 2020.
Segment operating loss in 2020 decreased $1,959, or 50.9%, as compared to 2019, primarily due to lower SG&A driven by cost reduction actions initiated during 2020 as a result of the lower sales volume, partially offset by the impact of the lower sales volume.
Segment Adjusted EBITDA in 2020 increased by $401, or 3.0%, as compared to 2019. The increase was primarily due to lower SG&A driven by cost reduction actions initiated during 2020 as a result of the lower sales volume, partially offset by the impact of lower sales volume.
Financial Services
Revenue in 2020 decreased $27,374, or 16.0%, as compared to 2019. The decrease was primarily due to decreases in interest income and fees due to lower origination volume, as compared to 2019.
Segment operating income in 2020 decreased $9,586, or 13.8%, as compared to 2019. The lower operating income was primarily due to lower revenue and higher SG&A driven by increased credit performance fees associated with the larger loan balances, partially offset by lower personnel expenses driven by cost reduction actions due to the economic impact of COVID-19, lower finance interest expense of $4,546 and lower provision for loan losses of $21,427 in 2020. The lower finance interest expense was due to a decrease in interest rates and lower deposit balances. WebBank's allowance for loan losses has decreased in 2020, primarily driven by lower loan balances, partially offset by the impact of COVID-19.
Segment Adjusted EBITDA in 2020 decreased by $5,676, or 8.6%, as compared to 2019. The lower Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to lower revenue and higher SG&A driven by increased credit performance fees associated with the larger loan balances, partially offset by lower personnel expenses driven by cost reduction actions due to the economic impact of COVID-19, lower finance interest expense and lower provision for loan losses in 2020.
Net Interest Income, Margin and Interest Rate Spreads
Net interest income is the difference between interest earned on interest-earning assets and interest incurred on interest-bearing liabilities. By its nature, net interest income is especially vulnerable to changes in the mix and amounts of interest- earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. In addition, changes in the interest rates and yields associated with these assets and liabilities can significantly impact net interest income. The following table summarizes the average balances, the amount of interest earned or incurred and the applicable yields for interest-earning assets and the costs of interest-bearing liabilities that generate net interest income. For purposes of calculating the yields in these schedules, the average loan balances also include the principal amounts of nonaccrual and restructured loans. However, interest received on nonaccrual loans is included in income only to the extent that cash payments have been received and not applied to principal reductions. In addition, interest on restructured loans is generally accrued at reduced rates.
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Average Interest Average Interest
Outstanding Earned/ Yield/ Outstanding Earned/ Yield/
Balance Paid Rate Balance Paid Rate
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivable $ 576,897 $ 81,431 14.1 % $ 637,226 $ 106,489 16.7 %
PPP loans 1,353,595 14,941 1.1 % - - - %
Held-to-maturity securities 20,188 635 3.2 % 50,024 2,031 4.1 %
Available-for-sale investments 2,253 46 2.0 % 2,925 56 1.9 %
Federal funds sold 25,757 41 0.2 % 13,222 274 2.1 %
Interest-bearing deposits 137,462 429 0.3 % 162,252 3,204 2.0 %
Total interest-earning assets 2,116,152 97,523 4.6 % 865,649 112,054 12.9 %
Non interest-earning assets 9,191 19,549
Total assets $ 2,125,343 $ 885,198
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Savings accounts $ 215,987 1,474 0.7 % $ 169,651 2,902 1.7 %
Time deposits 328,642 5,491 1.7 % 533,146 13,380 2.5 %
Other borrowings $ 1,358,506 4,768 0.4 % $ - - - %
Total interest-bearing liabilities 1,903,135 11,733 0.6 % 702,797 16,282 2.3 %
Other non interest-bearing liabilities 32,004 23,913
Total liabilities 1,935,139 726,710
Shareholder's equity 190,204 158,488
Total liabilities and shareholder's equity $ 2,125,343 $ 885,198
Net interest income $ 85,790 $ 95,772
Spread on average interest-bearing funds 4.0 % 10.6 %
Net interest margin 4.1 % 11.1 %
Return on assets 2.4 % 5.7 %
Return on equity 27.2 % 31.6 %
Equity to assets 8.9 % 17.9 %
Equity to assets (excluding PPP loans) 24.6 % 17.9 %
WebBank has several lending arrangements with companies where it originates credit card and other loans for consumers and small businesses. These loans are classified as held for sale and are typically sold after origination.
The following table presents the effects of changing rates and volumes on WebBank's net interest income for the periods indicated. The rate column shows the effects attributable to changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by prior volume). The volume column shows the effects attributable to changes in volume (changes in volume multiplied by prior rate). The total column represents the sum of the prior columns. For purposes of this table, changes attributable to both rate and volume, which cannot be segregated, have been allocated proportionately, based on the changes due to rate and the changes due to volume.
Year Ended December 31,
2020 vs 2019 2019 vs 2018
Increase/(Decrease) Increase/(Decrease)
Due to Volume Due to Rate Total Due to Volume Due to Rate Total
Earning assets:
Loans receivable $ (9,488) $ (15,571) $ (25,059) $ 39,524 $ 7,732 $ 47,256
PPP loans 14,941 - 14,941 - - -
Held-to-maturity securities (1,014) (382) (1,396) 358 349 707
Available-for-sale investments (15) 5 (10) 9 (17) (8)
Federal funds sold (9,265) 9,031 (234) 207 18 225
Interest-bearing deposits (426) (2,348) (2,774) (1,593) 770 (823)
Total earning assets (5,267) (9,265) (14,532) 38,505 8,852 47,357
Savings accounts 1,190 (2,618) (1,428) 986 853 1,839
Time deposits (4,216) (3,673) (7,889) 1,605 2,547 4,152
Other borrowings 4,768 - 4,768 - - -
Total funds 1,742 (6,291) (4,549) 2,591 3,400 5,991
Net variance $ (7,009) $ (2,974) $ (9,983) $ 35,914 $ 5,452 $ 41,366
Balance Sheet Analysis
Loan Portfolio
As of December 31, 2020, net loans accounted for 93% of WebBank's total assets, as compared to 77% at the end of 2019. The following table presents WebBank's loans outstanding by type of loan as of December 31, 2020 and the five most recent year-ends.
As of December 31,
2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Amount % Amount % Amount % Amount % Amount %
Real estate loans:
Commercial - owner occupied $ 209 - % $ 230 - % $ 252 0.1 % $ 272 0.1 % $ 604 0.4 %
Commercial - other 463 - % 429 0.1 % 380 0.1 % 296 0.1 % 266 0.2 %
Total real estate loans 672 - % 659 0.1 % 632 0.2 % 568 0.2 % 870 0.6 %
Commercial and industrial 2,279,672 90.6 % 251,349 32.2 % 146,758 28.0 % 84,726 30.8 % 50,564 32.6 %
Consumer loans 147,652 5.9 % 302,714 38.7 % 188,391 35.9 % 53,238 19.3 % 22,805 14.7 %
Loans held for sale 88,171 3.5 % 226,532 29.0 % 188,143 35.9 % 136,773 49.7 % 80,692 52.1 %
Total loans 2,516,167 100.0 % 781,254 100.0 % 523,924 100.0 % 275,305 100.0 % 154,931 100.0 %
Less:
Deferred fees and discounts - - - - -
Allowance for loan losses (27,059) (36,682) (17,659) (5,237) (1,483)
Total loans receivable, net $ 2,489,108 $ 744,572 $ 506,265 $ 270,068 $ 153,448
The following table includes a maturity profile for the loans that were outstanding as of December 31, 2020:
Due During Years Ending December 31, Real Estate Commercial & Industrial Consumer Loans Held for Sale
2020 $ - $ 221,469 $ 23,510 $ 88,171
2021-2024 209 2,058,203 124,142 -
2025 and thereafter 463 - - -
Total $ 672 $ 2,279,672 $ 147,652 $ 88,171
Nonperforming Lending Related Assets
Total nonaccrual loans were $0 at December 31, 2020 and 2019.
As of December 31,
2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Non-accruing loans:
Commercial real estate - owner occupied $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -
Commercial and industrial - - - - -
Total - - - - -
Accruing loans delinquent:
90 days or more 8,701 8,051 3,326 2,658 3
Total 8,701 8,051 3,326 2,658 3
Foreclosed assets:
Commercial real estate - owner occupied - - - - -
Total - - - - -
Total non-performing assets $ 8,701 $ 8,051 $ 3,326 $ 2,658 $ 3
Total as a percentage of total assets 0.3 % 0.9 % 0.4 % 0.4 % - %
Summary of Loan Loss Experience
The methodologies used to estimate the allowance for loan losses ("ALLL") depend upon the impairment status and portfolio segment of the loan. Loan groupings are created for each loan class and are then graded against historical and industry loss rates. After applying historic loss experience, as described above, we review the quantitatively derived level of ALLL for each segment using qualitative criteria. We track various risk factors that influence our judgment regarding the level of the ALLL across the portfolio segments. The following table summarizes activity in WebBank's allowance for loan and lease losses for the periods indicated:
As of December 31,
2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Balance at beginning of period $ 36,682 $ 17,659 $ 5,237 $ 1,483 $ 630
Charge offs:
Commercial and industrial (14,250) (8,667) (2,772) (933) -
Consumer (21,042) (17,918) (4,549) (1,214) -
Total charge offs (35,292) (26,585) (7,321) (2,147) -
Recoveries:
Commercial real estate 22 22 20 17 49
Commercial and industrial 1,313 461 272 142 30
Consumer 2,388 1,752 393 103 -
Total recoveries 3,723 2,235 685 262 79
Net (charge offs) recoveries (31,569) (24,350) (6,636) (1,885) 79
Additions charged to operations 21,946 43,373 19,058 5,639 774
Balance at end of period $ 27,059 $ 36,682 $ 17,659 $ 5,237 $ 1,483
Ratio of net charge offs during the period to average loans outstanding during the period 1.6 % 3.8 % 1.7 % 0.8 % - %
The distribution of WebBank's allowance for losses on loans at the dates indicated is summarized as follows:
As of December 31,
2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Amount % of Loans in Each Category of Total Loans Amount % of Loans in Each Category of Total Loans Amount % of Loans in Each Category of Total Loans Amount % of Loans in Each Category of Total Loans Amount % of Loans in Each Category of Total Loans
Commercial real estate 22 - % 24 0.1 % 26 0.1 % 13 0.2 % 29 0.6 %
Commercial and industrial 9,293 90.7 % 10,920 32.2 % 6,165 28.0 % 2,800 30.8 % 880 32.6 %
Consumer loans 17,744 5.9 % 25,738 38.8 % 11,468 36.0 % 2,424 19.3 % 574 14.7 %
Loans held for sale - 3.4 % - 28.9 % - 35.9 % - 49.7 % - 52.1 %
Total loans $ 27,059 100.0 % $ 36,682 100.0 % $ 17,659 100.0 % $ 5,237 100.0 % $ 1,483 100.0 %
Corporate and Other
Operating income was $22,366 in 2020, as compared to $25,586 in 2019. The fluctuations were primarily due to changes in investment gains and losses from both marketable securities and associated companies, and lower SG&A driven by cost reduction actions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic impact in the 2020 period. There was also a $12,500 expense associated with a legal settlement in 2019.
For additional information on the Company's investments, see Note 2 - "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" and Note 11 - "Investments" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
DISCUSSION OF CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOWS
The following table provides a summary of the Company's consolidated cash flows from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
December 31,
2020 2019
Net cash provided by operating activities $ 311,235 $ 118,455
Net cash used in investing activities (1,899,041) (271,757)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities 1,574,128 (33,924)
Net change for the period $ (13,678) $ (187,226)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations was $311,235 for the year ended December 31, 2020. Net income from continuing operations of $83,477 was favorably impacted by certain non-cash items and a net improvement of $137,151 relating to changes in operating assets and liabilities. The net cash provided by changes in operating assets and liabilities was primarily due to a $138,361 decrease in loans held for sale due to a reduction in loan originations at the end of the year of 2020, decreases in inventories of $12,220 and trade and other receivables of $8,725, partially offset by a decrease in accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities of $16,005 and an increase from prepaid and other assets of $6,150. Net cash provided by discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $12,855.
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations was $118,455 for the year ended December 31, 2019. Net income from continuing operations of $79,471 was favorably impacted by certain non-cash items and a net reduction of $57,865 relating to changes in operating assets and liabilities. The net cash used in changes in operating assets and liabilities was primarily due to a $38,389 increase in loans held for sale due to an increase in loan originations at the end of 2019, a decrease in accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities of $14,700, and increases in inventories of $12,480 and prepaid and other assets of $3,217, partially offset by a decrease in trade and other receivables of $10,921. Net cash used in discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $8,231.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $1,899,041, which included loan originations, net of collections of $1,904,843, capital expenditures of $23,226 and net cash paid for the
Metallon, Inc. acquisition of $3,500, partially offset by proceeds from maturities and sales of investments (net of purchases) of $29,528 and from sale of assets of $3,000.
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $271,757. Significant items included, an increase in loan originations, net of collections of $205,874, net cash paid for the National Partners acquisition of $45,559, capital expenditures of $39,816 and net short position settlements of $14,611, partially offset by proceeds from maturities and sales of investments (net of purchases) of $32,810. Net cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $3,208.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $1,574,128. Significant items included other borrowings driven by the PPP loans of $2,090,223 during 2020, partially offset by a net decrease in deposits of $399,058, net revolver repayments of $40,891, purchase of the Company's common units of $20,464, redemption of the Company's preferred units of $40,000 and term loan repayments of $14,208.
Net cash used in financing activities from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $33,924, including net revolver repayments of $62,048, term loan repayments of $7,746 and purchases of the Company's common units of $6,721, partially offset by a net increase in WebBank's deposits of $43,406. Net cash used in financing activities from discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $2,222.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
SPLP (excluding its operating subsidiaries, "Holding Company") is a diversified global holding company with assets that principally consist of the stock of its direct subsidiaries, equity method and other investments, and cash and cash equivalents. The Company works with its businesses to enhance their liquidity and operations and to increase long-term value for the Company's unitholders and stakeholders through balance sheet improvements, capital allocation policies, and operational and growth initiatives, which are further described in Part I, Item 1 - "Business - Business Strategy."
Management utilizes the following strategies to continue to enhance liquidity: (1) continue to implement improvements using the Steel Business System throughout all the Company's operations to increase sales and operating efficiencies, (2) support profitable sales growth both organically and potentially through acquisitions and (3) evaluate from time to time and as appropriate, strategic alternatives with respect to the Company's businesses and/or assets. The Company continues to examine all of its options and strategies, including acquisitions, divestitures and other corporate transactions, to increase cash flows and stakeholder value.
The Company's senior credit facility ("Credit Agreement") consists of a revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $500,000 and a $182,500 term loan with quarterly amortization equating to $2,500 per quarter. The Credit Agreement covers substantially all of the Company's subsidiaries, with the exception of WebBank. Availability under the Credit Agreement is based upon earnings and certain covenants, including a maximum ratio limit on Total Leverage and a minimum ratio limit on Interest Coverage, each as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement is subject to certain mandatory prepayment provisions and restrictive and financial covenants, primarily the leverage ratios described above. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants as of December 31, 2020. If the Company does not meet its financial covenants, and if it is unable to secure necessary waivers or other amendments from its lenders on terms acceptable to management, its ability to access available lines of credit could be limited, its debt obligations could be accelerated and liquidity could be adversely affected. The Credit Agreement will expire on November 14, 2022, and all outstanding amounts will be due and payable.
The Holding Company and its operating businesses believe that they have access to adequate resources to meet their needs for normal operating costs, capital expenditures, pension payments, debt obligations and working capital for their existing business, as well as to fund its taxes, legal and environmental matters, for at least the next twelve months. These resources include cash and cash equivalents, investments, cash provided by operating activities and unused lines of credit. The Holding Company and its operating businesses' ability to satisfy their debt service obligations, to fund planned capital expenditures and required pension payments, and to make acquisitions or repurchase units under its common unit Repurchase Program will depend upon their future operating performance, which will be affected by prevailing economic conditions in the markets in which they operate, as well as financial, business and other factors, some of which are beyond their control. As indicated above, there can be no assurances that the Holding Company and its operating businesses will continue to have access to their lines of
credit if their financial performance does not satisfy the financial covenants set forth in their respective financing agreements, which could also result in the acceleration of their debt obligations by their respective lenders, adversely affecting liquidity.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company's working capital was $286,302, as compared to working capital of $154,069 as of December 31, 2019. The increase in working capital during the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to a decrease in retail depository accounts (current liabilities), which was partially offset by an overall decrease in loans receivable related primarily to consumer loans. As of December 31, 2020, the availability under the Credit Agreement was approximately $336,289. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, capital expenditures were $23,226 and $39,816, respectively. The Company currently expects full year capital expenditures in the range of $37,000 to $48,000 in 2021. The Company and its subsidiaries have ongoing commitments, including funding of the minimum requirements of its subsidiaries' pension plans. For the year ending December 31, 2021, the Company currently estimates it will contribute between $41,700 and $46,700 to its pension plans, including 2020 contributions of $27,400 that were deferred until January 4, 2021 under the CARES Act. The final amount of pension contributions to be made by the Company in 2021 is dependent on the Company's election of various implementation options provided to it by the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, which was signed into law by President Biden in March 2021. Required future pension contributions are estimated based upon assumptions such discount rates on future obligations, assumed rates of return on plan assets and legislative changes. Actual future pension costs and required funding obligations will be affected by changes in the factors and assumptions described in the previous sentence, including the impact of declines in pension plan assets and interest rates, as well as other changes such as any plan termination or other acceleration events.
WebBank manages its liquidity to provide adequate funds to meet anticipated financial obligations, such as certificate of deposit maturities and to fund customer credit needs. WebBank had $117,553 and $125,047 in cash and cash equivalents, time deposits placed at other institutions and federal funds sold at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. WebBank had $40,000 in lines of credit from its correspondent banks at both December 31, 2020 and 2019. WebBank had $30,590 and $21,287 available from the Federal Reserve discount window at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Therefore, WebBank had a total of $188,143 and $186,334 in cash, lines of credit and access to the Federal Reserve Bank discount window at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which represents approximately 29.4% and 19.4%, respectively, of WebBank's total assets (excluding PPP loans funded through the Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility).
Contractual Commitments and Contingencies
Consistent with the rules applicable to "Smaller Reporting Companies," we have omitted information required by this item.
Environmental Liabilities
Certain of the Company's facilities are subject to environmental remediation obligations. The Company has estimated its liability to remediate these sites and has recorded liabilities of $25,782 as of December 31, 2020. For further discussion regarding these commitments, among others, see Note 20 - "Commitments and Contingencies" to the Company's consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
Deposits
Deposits at WebBank at December 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
2020 2019
Current $ 285,393 $ 615,495
Long-term 70,266 139,222
Total $ 355,659 $ 754,717
The decrease in deposits as December 31, 2020, as compared to 2019, is due to decrease in WebBank's asset. The average original maturity for time deposits at December 31, 2020 was 12 months, as compared to 21 months at December 31, 2019.
The following table details the maturity of time deposits as of December 31, 2020:
Maturity
< 3 Months 3 to 6 Months 6 to 12 Months > 12 Months Total
Certificate of deposits less than $100 $ 20,845 $ 21,375 $ 65,388 $ 62,564 $ 170,172
Certificate of deposits of $100 or more 23,297 6,173 943 7,702 38,115
Total certificates of deposits $ 44,142 $ 27,548 $ 66,331 $ 70,266 $ 208,287
Off-Balance Sheet Risk
It is not the Company's usual business practice to enter into off-balance sheet arrangements such as guarantees on loans and financial commitments, indemnification arrangements and retained interests in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity for securitization purposes. SPLP uses the same credit policy in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.
WebBank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk. In the normal course of business, these financial instruments include commitments to extend credit in the form of loans as part of WebBank's lending arrangements with Marketing Partners. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The contractual amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of involvement WebBank has in particular classes of financial instruments.
At December 31, 2020 and 2019, WebBank's undisbursed commitments under these instruments totaled $170,611 and $125,861, respectively. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a borrower who meets the lending criteria established by WebBank through one of WebBank's lending agreements with its Marketing Partners, provided there is no violation of any condition established in the contract with the counterparty to the lending arrangement. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee, and in some cases are subject to ongoing adjustment by WebBank. Since certain of the commitments are expected to expire without the credit being extended, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. WebBank evaluates each prospective borrower's credit worthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by WebBank upon extension of credit, is based on management's credit evaluation of the borrower and WebBank's Marketing Partner.
WebBank's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. WebBank uses the same credit policy in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.
Critical Accounting Policies
The Company's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon its consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP. Preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Estimates are based on historical experience, expected future cash flows and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Note 2 - "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" to the Company's consolidated financial statements, included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, includes a summary of the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. The following is a discussion of the critical accounting policies and methods used by the Company.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net
Goodwill, which is not amortized, represents the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in a business combination. We review goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter, and test for impairment during the year if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate the carrying amount may be impaired. Examples of such events would include pertinent macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, overall financial performance and other factors. An entity can choose between using the Step 0 approach or the Step 1 approach.
For the Step 0 approach, an entity may assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. An entity has an unconditional option to bypass the Step 0 assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to performing the first step of the goodwill impairment test. An entity may resume performing the Step 0 assessment in any subsequent period. For the Step 1 approach, which is a quantitative approach, the Company will calculate the fair value of a reporting unit and compare it to its carrying amount. There are several methods that may be used to estimate a reporting unit's fair value, including the income approach, the market approach and/or the cost approach. The amount of impairment, if any, is determined by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognizing an impairment charge based on the amount that the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value. The loss recognized should not exceed the total goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.
2020 Goodwill Impairment Tests
For 2020, the Company utilized a quantitative approach for all of its reporting units in the Diversified Industrial and Energy segments using a discounted cash flow method with consideration of market comparisons. The annual quantitative impairment test for the Financial Services reporting unit utilized a discounted cash flow method and market approach using the guideline company method. The annual impairment test did not result in an impairment to goodwill for any of its reporting units, except for a partial impairment of the Performance Materials reporting unit. In addition, the fair value of all of our reporting units, other than Performance Materials, exceeded the carrying value of the net assets of those reporting units by more than 20% as of the date of the annual fourth quarter 2020 test.
In our 2020 third quarter Form 10-Q, we previously disclosed that there was a risk of future goodwill impairment of the Performance Materials reporting unit if the fair value of this reporting unit, and its associated assets, decreased in value due to further declines in market conditions or customer demand. In connection with the Company's annual fourth quarter goodwill impairment testing and as a result of declines in customer demand in the Performance Materials reporting unit, which is included in the Diversified Industrial segment, the Company determined its fair value was less than its carrying value. The Company partially impaired the Performance Materials reporting units' goodwill and recorded a $1,100 charge in Goodwill impairment charges in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020. The fair value of the Performance Materials reporting unit was determined using a discounted cash flow model (a form of the income approach) with consideration of market comparisons. The discounted cash flow model used the Company's projections, which are subject to various risks and uncertainties associated with its forecasted revenue, expenses and cash flows, as well as the expected impact on its business from the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company's significant assumptions in the analysis include, but are not limited to, future cash flow projections, the weighted-average cost of capital, the terminal growth rate and the tax rate. The Company's estimates of future cash flows are based on the current economic environment, recent operating results and planned business strategies. These estimates could be negatively affected by changes in regulations, further economic downturns, decreased customer demand for Performance Material's products or an inability to execute its business strategies. Future cash flow estimates are, by their nature, subjective, and actual results may differ materially from the Company's estimates. As of December 31, 2020, the Performance Materials' reporting unit had $6,808 of goodwill. While the Performance Materials reporting unit was determined not to be fully impaired in the fourth quarter, it may be at risk of further impairment in the future if the business does not perform as projected, including if it does not recover as planned from the COVID-19 pandemic, or if market factors utilized in the impairment test deteriorate, including an unfavorable change in the terminal growth rate or the weighted-average cost of capital.
2019 Goodwill Impairment Tests
The annual impairment test in 2019 did not result in an impairment to goodwill for any reporting unit. The Company performed an interim impairment test during the third quarter of 2019 for the Metallized Films and Packaging reporting unit (formerly the Packaging reporting unit), which included the operations of API and Dunmore. Due to a decline in their estimated fair values, the Company fully impaired the Packaging reporting unit's goodwill during 2019 and recorded aggregate goodwill impairment charges of $41,853 ($15,924 classified in continuing operations for Dunmore and $25,929 classified in discontinued operations for API) in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019. Refer to Note 9 - "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net" for additional information on the goodwill impairment charges.
For finite-lived intangible assets, the Company evaluates the carrying amount of such assets when circumstances indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Conditions that could have an adverse impact on the cash flows and fair value of the long-lived assets are deteriorating business climate, condition of the asset or plans to dispose of the asset before the end of its useful life. If the assets' carrying amounts exceed the sum of the undiscounted cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amounts exceed their fair values. The Company performs such assessments at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities, which
is generally at the plant level, operating company level or the reporting unit level, depending on the level of interdependencies in the Company's operations. As a result of COVID-19 related declines in the Company's youth sports business within the Energy segment, intangible assets of $606, primarily customer relationships, were fully impaired during the first quarter of 2020. The impairment is included in Asset impairment charges in the accompanying statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets, which are only within the Diversified Industrial segment, are tested for impairment at least annually, or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired. Companies can use the same two testing approaches for indefinite-lived intangibles as for goodwill. For 2020 and 2019, the Company utilized both the quantitative and qualitative approaches to assess its indefinite-lived intangible assets and the results indicated no impairment. As of December 31, 2020, the estimated fair value of all indefinite-lived intangible assets were significantly in excess of their net carry value. For 2019, the Company utilized both the quantitative and qualitative approaches to assess its indefinite-lived intangible assets and the results indicated no impairment.
Long-Lived Asset Testing
The Company's accounting policy for long-lived assets is to estimate the depreciable lives of property, plant and equipment, and to depreciate such assets over such lives. The Company tests long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. If the carrying amounts of the long-lived assets exceed the sum of the undiscounted cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amounts exceeds their fair values. The Company performs such assessments at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities, which is generally at the plant level, operating company level or the reporting unit level, depending on the level of interdependencies in the Company's operations. The Company considers various factors in determining whether an impairment test is necessary, including among other things: a significant or prolonged deterioration in operating results and projected cash flows; significant changes in the extent or manner in which assets are used; technological advances with respect to assets which would potentially render them obsolete; the Company's strategy and capital planning; and the economic climate in the markets it serves. When estimating future cash flows and if necessary, fair value, the Company makes judgments as to the expected utilization of assets and estimated future cash flows related to those assets. The Company considers historical and anticipated future results, general economic and market conditions, the impact of planned business and operational strategies and other information available at the time the estimates are made. The Company believes these estimates are reasonable; however, changes in circumstances or conditions could have a significant impact on its estimates, which might result in material impairment charges in the future.
Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefit Costs
The Company maintains qualified and non-qualified pension and other post-retirement benefit plans for certain subsidiaries. The Company recorded pension expense of $3,512 for the year ended December 31, 2020 related to its significant pension plans, and, as of December 31, 2020, the Company had recorded pension liabilities totaling $183,462. Pension benefits are generally based on years of service and the amount of compensation earned during the participants' employment. However, the qualified pension benefits have been frozen for all participants.
The pension and other post-retirement benefit costs are developed from actuarial valuations. Inherent in these valuations are key assumptions, including discount and mortality rates and expected long-term rates of return on plan assets. Material changes in pension and other post-retirement benefit costs may occur in the future due to changes in these assumptions, changes in the number of plan participants, changes in the level of benefits provided, changes to the level of contributions to these plans and other factors.
Actuarial assumptions for its pension and other post-retirement benefit plans are determined each year to calculate liability information as of year end, and pension and other post-retirement benefit expense or income for the following year. The discount rate assumption is derived from the rate of return on high-quality bonds.
The various pension plan assets are diversified as to type of assets, investment strategies employed and number of investment managers used. Investments may include equities, fixed income, cash equivalents, convertible securities and private investment funds. Derivatives may be used as part of the investment strategy. The transfer of assets may be directed between investment managers in order to rebalance the portfolio in accordance with asset allocation guidelines established by the Company. The private investment funds, or the investment funds they are invested in, own marketable and non-marketable securities and other investment instruments. Such investments are valued by the private investment funds, underlying investment managers or the underlying investment funds at fair value, as described in their respective financial statements and offering
memorandums. These values are utilized in quantifying the value of the assets of its pension plans, which are then used in the determination of the unfunded pension liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation of some of the pension plans' investments in private investment funds and the nature of some of the underlying investments held by the investment funds, the recorded value may differ from the value that would have been used had a ready market existed for some of these investments for which market quotations are not readily available. Management uses judgment to make assumptions on which its employee benefit liabilities and expenses are based. The effect of a 1% change in discount rate or expected return on asset assumptions for the pension plans sponsored by the Company's subsidiaries would not have a significant impact on pension cost.
Loan Impairment and Allowance for Loan Losses
A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that WebBank will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments. When a loan has been identified as being impaired, the amount of impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate or, when appropriate, the loan's observable fair value or the fair value of the collateral (less any selling costs) if the loan is collateral-dependent. If the measurement of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (including accrued interest, net of deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or discount), an impairment is recognized by creating or adjusting an existing allocation of the ALLL, or by charging down the loan to its value determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
The ALLL is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when the uncollectability of a loan or receivable balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. The ALLL is evaluated on a regular basis and is based upon a periodic review of the collectability of the amounts due in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower's ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as doubtful, substandard or loss. For such loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers non-classified loans and is based on historical loss experience and is adjusted for qualitative factors to cover uncertainties that could affect the estimate of probable losses. The ALLL is increased by charges to income and decreased by charge-offs (net of recoveries). The periodic evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance is based on WebBank's past loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the debtor's ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral and current economic conditions. Since our loss rates are applied to large pools of loans, even minor changes in the level of estimated losses can significantly affect management's determination of the appropriate ALLL because those changes must be applied across a large portfolio.
Income Taxes
As a limited partnership, we are generally not responsible for federal and state income taxes, and our profits and losses are passed directly to our limited partners for inclusion in their respective income tax returns. Our subsidiaries that are corporate subsidiaries are subject to federal and state income taxes. The table in Note 17 - "Income Taxes" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements, found elsewhere in this Form 10-K, reconciles a hypothetical calculation of federal income taxes based on the federal statutory rate applied to the income or loss before income taxes and equity method investments. The tax effect of income passed through to common unitholders is subtracted from the hypothetical calculation.
Our subsidiaries that are subject to income taxes use the liability method of accounting for such taxes. Under the liability method, deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Our subsidiaries evaluate the recoverability of deferred tax assets and establish a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
When tax returns are filed, it is highly certain that most positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that
would be ultimately sustained. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the consolidated financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other positions. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is provided for and reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits on the consolidated balance sheets, along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination.
Contingencies, Including Legal and Environmental Liabilities
The Company is subject to litigation, proceedings, claims or assessments and various contingent liabilities incidental to its business or assumed in connection with certain business acquisitions. The Company accrues a charge for a loss contingency when it believe it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. If the loss is within a range of specified amounts, the most likely amount is accrued, and the Company accrues the minimum amount in the range if no amount within the range represents a better estimate. Generally, the Company records the loss contingency at the amount we expect to pay to resolve the contingency and the amount is generally not discounted to the present value. Amounts recoverable under insurance contracts are recorded as assets when recovery is deemed probable. Contingencies that might result in a gain are not recognized until realizable. Changes to the amount of the estimated loss or resolution of one or more contingencies could have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.
The Company accrues for losses associated with environmental remediation obligations when such losses are probable and reasonably estimable. Accruals for estimated losses from environmental remediation obligations generally are recognized no later than completion of the remedial feasibility study. Such accruals are adjusted as further information develops or circumstances change. Costs of future expenditures for environmental remediation obligations are not discounted to their present value. Recoveries of environmental remediation costs from other parties are recorded as assets when their receipt is deemed probable. See Note 20 - "Commitments and Contingencies" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K for further information.
New or Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
For a discussion of the Company's new or recently adopted accounting pronouncements, see Note 2 - "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices. Our significant market risks are primarily associated with interest rates, equity prices and, to a lesser extent, derivatives. The following sections address the significant market risks associated with our business activities.
SPLP's quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk include forward-looking statements with respect to management's opinion about the risk associated with the Company's financial instruments. These statements are based on certain assumptions with respect to market prices, interest rates and other industry-specific risk factors. To the extent these assumptions prove to be inaccurate, future outcomes may differ materially from those discussed herein.
Risks Relating to Investments
The Company's investments are primarily classified as Marketable securities or Long-term investments and are primarily recorded on the Company's consolidated balance sheets at fair value. These investments are subject to equity price risk.
At December 31, 2020, Marketable securities aggregated approximately $106, which includes mutual funds and corporate equities that are reported at fair value. A change in the equity price of these securities could impact our results in future periods.
Included in the Company's Long-term investments of $291,297 at December 31, 2020 are equity securities and associated company investments, which are both subject to equity price risk. The Company's significant long-term equity securities investments include common stock ownership interests of $208,758, or 5.1%, of outstanding shares of Aerojet as of
December 31, 2020. The Company's significant associated company investments as of December 31, 2020 include its investments in Steel Connect and Aviat. The Company's investments in associated companies are accounted for under the equity method of accounting, primarily using the fair value option. A change in the equity price of our investments in these securities could impact our results in future periods.
See Note 11 - "Investments" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K for more information about the Company's investments.
Risks Relating to Interest Rates
The fair value of cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, accounts payable and short-term borrowings approximate their carrying values and are relatively insensitive to changes in interest rates due to the short-term maturities of these instruments or the variable nature of the associated interest rates.
Credit Facilities and Pension Obligations
At December 31, 2020, the Company's long-term debt obligations were comprised primarily of variable rate instruments. Accordingly, the fair value of such instruments may be relatively sensitive to effects of interest rate fluctuations. An increase or decrease in interest expense from a 1% change in interest rates would be approximately $3,300 on an annual basis based on total variable-interest debt outstanding as of December 31, 2020. In addition, the fair value of such instruments is also affected by investors' assessments of the risks associated with industries in which the Company operates, as well as its overall creditworthiness and ability to satisfy such obligations upon their maturity.
A reduction in long-term interest rates could materially increase the Company's cash funding obligations to its pension and other post-retirement benefit plans.
WebBank
WebBank derives a portion of its income from the excess of interest collected over interest paid. The rates of interest WebBank earns on assets and pays on liabilities generally are established contractually for a period of time. Market interest rates change over time. Accordingly, WebBank's results of operations, like those of most financial institutions, are impacted by changes in interest rates and the interest rate sensitivity of its assets and liabilities.
WebBank monitors and measures its exposure to changes in interest rates in order to comply with applicable government regulations and risk policies established by WebBank's board of directors and in order to preserve shareholder value. In monitoring interest rate risk, WebBank analyzes assets and liabilities based on characteristics including size, coupon rate, repricing frequency, maturity date and likelihood of prepayment.
WebBank currently focuses held-to-maturity lending efforts toward originating competitively priced adjustable-rate or fixed-rate loan products with short to intermediate terms to maturity, generally 7 years or less. This theoretically allows WebBank to maintain a portfolio of loans that will have relatively little sensitivity to changes in the level of interest rates, while providing a reasonable spread over the cost of liabilities used to fund the loans.
The principal objective of WebBank's asset/liability management is to manage the sensitivity of Market Value of Equity ("MVE") to changing interest rates. Asset/liability management is governed by policies reviewed and approved annually by WebBank's board of directors. WebBank's board of directors has delegated the responsibility to oversee the administration of these policies to WebBank's asset/liability committee, or "ALCO." The interest rate risk strategy currently deployed by ALCO is to primarily use "natural" balance sheet hedging (as opposed to derivative hedging). ALCO fine tunes the overall MVE sensitivity by recommending lending and deposit strategies. WebBank then executes the recommended strategy by increasing or decreasing the duration of the loan and deposit products, resulting in the appropriate level of market risk that WebBank's board of directors wants to maintain.
WebBank measures interest rate sensitivity as the difference between amounts of interest-earning assets and interest- bearing liabilities that mature or reprice within a given period of time. The difference provides an indication of the extent to which an institution's interest rate spread will be affected by changes in interest rates. If the amount of interest rate sensitive assets exceeds the amount of interest rate sensitive liabilities, then the bank is considered to be asset sensitive. If the amount of interest rate sensitive liabilities exceeds the amount of interest rate sensitive assets, then the bank is considered to be liability sensitive. In a rising interest rate environment, an institution that is asset sensitive would be in a better position than an institution
that is liability sensitive because the yield on its assets would increase at a faster pace than the cost of its interest-bearing liabilities. During a period of falling interest rates, however, an institution that is asset sensitive would tend to have its assets reprice at a faster rate than its liabilities, which would tend to reduce the growth in its net interest income. The opposite is true if the institution is liability sensitive.
WebBank's board of directors and relevant government regulations establish limits on the level of acceptable interest rate risk at WebBank to which management adheres. There can be no assurance, however, that, in the event of an adverse change in interest rates, WebBank's efforts to limit interest rate risk will be successful.
Risks Relating to Commodity Prices
In the normal course of business, our operations are exposed to market risk or price fluctuations related to the purchase of electricity, natural gas, fuel and petroleum-based commodities, including adhesives, and other products, such as yarns, precious metals, electronic and electrical components, steel products and certain non-ferrous metals used as raw materials. The Company is also exposed to the effects of price fluctuations on the value of its commodity inventories, in particular, its precious metal inventory. The raw materials and energy which we use are largely commodities, subject to price volatility caused by changes in global supply and demand and governmental controls.
The Company's market risk strategy has generally been to obtain competitive prices for its products and services, sourced from more than one vendor, and allow operating results to reflect market price movements dictated by supply and demand. The Company enters into commodity futures and forward contracts to mitigate the impact of price fluctuations on its precious and certain non-precious metal inventories that are not subject to fixed price contracts. The Company's hedging strategy is designed to protect it against normal volatility; therefore, abnormal price changes in these commodities or markets could negatively impact the Company's earnings. Certain of these derivatives are not designated as accounting hedges under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had entered into forward contracts, with settlement dates through January 2021, for silver with a total value of $2,267, for gold with a total value of $2,620, for palladium with a value of $1,926, for copper with a total value of $1,088 and for tin with a total value of $191. There were no futures contracts outstanding at December 31, 2020.
To the extent that we have not mitigated our exposure to rising raw material and energy prices, we may not be able to increase our prices to our customers to offset such potential raw material or energy price increases, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and operating cash flows.
Risks Relating to Foreign Currency Exchange
The Company, primarily through its Diversified Industrial segment subsidiaries, manufactures and sells its products in a number of countries throughout the world and, as a result, is exposed to movements in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company's major foreign currency exposures involve the markets in Asia, Europe, Canada and Mexico. The Company is subject to the risk of price fluctuations related to anticipated revenues and operating costs, firm commitments for capital expenditures and existing assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The Company has not generally used derivative instruments to manage these specific risks; however, the Company has historically entered into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge certain of its receivables and payables denominated in other currencies, primarily those associated with the discontinued API business located in the U.K. In addition, the Company has historically entered into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge the value of certain of its future sales denominated in Euros and the value of certain of its future purchases denominated in U.S. dollars, also associated with the discontinued API business located in the U.K.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Financial Statements:
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Capital for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Unitholders and the Board of Directors of Steel Partners Holdings L.P.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Steel Partners Holdings L.P. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in capital, and cash flows, for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2020 and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2020, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Goodwill - Impairment of Performance Materials Reporting Unit Goodwill - Refer to Note 2 and Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company's annual evaluation of goodwill for impairment involves management performing an assessment of each reporting unit to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. On the annual testing date of October 1, management elected to perform a quantitative approach (Step 1) to evaluate the Performance Materials reporting unit for impairment. As of October 1, 2020, the goodwill balance of the Performance Materials reporting unit was $7.9 million. In performing Step 1 management compared the fair value of the Performance Materials reporting unit to its carrying value. The Company determined the fair value of its Performance Materials reporting unit using a discounted cash flow model with consideration of market comparisons. The determination of the fair value using the discounted cash flow model required management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to expected revenue growth rates, expected earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation ("EBITDA"), and discount rates. Changes in these assumptions could have a significant impact
on either the fair value, the amount of any goodwill impairment charge, or both. During fiscal 2020, the Company recognized $1.1 million goodwill impairment charge, as the fair value of this reporting unit was lower than its carrying value.
We identified the goodwill impairment at the Performance Materials reporting unit as a critical audit matter because of the significant amount of goodwill recorded at this reporting unit, the decrease in the fair value in the current year due to declines in economic conditions impacting the reporting unit, and the significant estimates and assumptions management made to estimate the fair value of this reporting unit. This required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our fair value specialists, when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management's estimates and assumptions related to the expected revenue growth rates, expected EBITDA, and the selection of the discount rate.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to goodwill impairment included the following, among others:
•We evaluated management's ability to accurately forecast by comparing historical results to management's historical forecasts.
•We evaluated the reasonableness of management's forecasts of expected revenue and expected growth rates and EBITDA by comparing management's forecasts with:
•Historical cash flow and trends.
•Underlying business strategies and growth plans.
•Internal communications to management and the Board of Directors.
•Information included in Company external communications, independent industry reports, and forecasted information from selected companies in the reporting unit's peer group.
•With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the (1) Company's valuation methodologies and (2) discount rate by:
•Testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount rate and the mathematical accuracy of the calculation.
•Developing an independent range of the discount rate and comparing it to the discount rate selected by management.
Allowance for Loan Losses - Refer to Note 2 and Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The allowance for loan losses ("ALLL") is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan or receivable balance has been confirmed. The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as doubtful, substandard, or loss. The general component covers non-classified loans and is based on historical loss experience and is adjusted for qualitative factors to cover uncertainties that could affect management's estimate of probable losses. The most significant component of the ALLL is the general component of the allowance. In determining the amount of the general valuation allowance, management considers qualitative factors such as asset quality trends, the effect of changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio, the existence and effect of any portfolio concentrations, changes in lending policies and underwriting policies, national economic business conditions and other macroeconomic adjustments, regional and local economic business conditions and other qualitative risk factors both internal and external to the Company. As of December 31, 2020, the Company's ALLL was $27.1 million.
We identified the general valuation allowance for loan losses as a critical audit matter due to the significant amount of judgment required by management when determining the adjustment to the historical loss experience for economic and qualitative factors. This requires a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to the ALLL included the following, among others:
•We evaluated the appropriateness and relevance of the economic and qualitative factors and related quantitative measures by comparing to external sources.
•We tested the computational accuracy of the Company's allowance models.
•We tested the accuracy of the historical charge offs.
•We obtained an understanding of management's process to develop assumptions and assessed the reasonableness of the assumptions used in the allowance calculation through the development of an independent expectation based on historical performance, peer data, and aging and performance of the current portfolio.
•We evaluated management's ability to accurately estimate the losses inherent in the portfolio by comparing management's historical estimates to actual losses incurred.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
New York, New York
April 13, 2021
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2018.
STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except common units)
December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 135,788 $ 137,948
Marketable securities 106 220
Trade and other receivables - net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $3,368 and $2,578, respectively
164,106 169,827
Receivables from related parties 2,073 2,221
Loans receivable, including loans held for sale of $88,171 and $226,532, respectively, net
306,091 548,427
Inventories, net 137,086 148,453
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 58,053 41,759
Assets of discontinued operations - 41,012
Total current assets
803,303 1,089,867
Long-term loans receivable, net 2,183,017 196,145
Goodwill 150,852 149,626
Other intangible assets, net 138,581 158,593
Deferred tax assets 66,553 90,907
Other non-current assets 42,068 69,073
Property, plant and equipment, net 228,992 250,133
Operating lease right-of-use assets 29,715 34,324
Long-term investments 291,297 275,836
Assets of discontinued operations - 17,267
Total Assets
$ 3,934,378 $ 2,331,771
LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 100,759 $ 88,165
Accrued liabilities 69,967 103,747
Deposits 285,393 615,495
Payables to related parties 4,080 481
Short-term debt 397 1,800
Current portion of long-term debt 10,361 14,208
Current portion of preferred unit liability - 39,514
Other current liabilities 46,044 51,132
Liabilities of discontinued operations - 21,256
Total current liabilities
517,001 935,798
Long-term deposits 70,266 139,222
Long-term debt 323,392 322,081
Other borrowings 2,090,223 -
Preferred unit liability 146,892 142,972
Accrued pension liabilities 183,462 183,228
Deferred tax liabilities 2,169 2,497
Long-term operating lease liabilities 21,845 26,458
Other non-current liabilities 39,906 25,057
Liabilities of discontinued operations - 87,825
Total Liabilities
3,395,156 1,865,138
Commitments and Contingencies
Capital:
Partners' capital common units: 22,920,804 and 25,023,128 issued and outstanding (after deducting 14,916,635 and 12,647,864 units held in treasury, at cost of $219,245 and $198,781), respectively
707,309 654,249
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (172,649) (191,422)
Total Partners' Capital 534,660 462,827
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities 4,562 3,806
Total Capital
539,222 466,633
Total Liabilities and Capital
$ 3,934,378 $ 2,331,771
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except common units and per common unit data)
December 31,
2020 2019
Revenue:
Diversified Industrial net sales $ 1,058,745 $ 1,119,642
Energy net revenue 107,831 163,972
Financial Services revenue 144,060 171,434
Total revenue 1,310,636 1,455,048
Costs and expenses:
Cost of goods sold 859,863 952,071
Selling, general and administrative expenses 290,784 334,566
Goodwill impairment charges 1,100 15,924
Asset impairment charges 606 849
Finance interest expense 11,733 16,279
Provision for loan losses 21,946 43,373
Interest expense 29,514 38,835
Realized and unrealized gains on securities, net (25,643) (47,315)
Other income, net (4,666) (1,611)
Total costs and expenses 1,185,237 1,352,971
Income before income taxes and equity method investments 125,399 102,077
Income tax provision 38,136 14,563
Loss of associated companies, net of taxes 3,786 8,043
Net income from continuing operations 83,477 79,471
Discontinued operations (see Note 6)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes (2,808) (81,165)
Net loss on deconsolidation of discontinued operations (7,391) -
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes (10,199) (81,165)
Net income (loss) 73,278 (1,694)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities (continuing operations) (603) 97
Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders $ 72,675 $ (1,597)
Net income (loss) per common unit - basic
Net income from continuing operations $ 3.34 $ 3.19
Net loss from discontinued operations (0.41) (3.25)
Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders $ 2.93 $ (0.06)
Net income (loss) per common unit - diluted
Net income from continuing operations $ 1.85 $ 3.19
Net loss from discontinued operations (0.20) (3.25)
Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders $ 1.65 $ (0.06)
Weighted-average number of common units outstanding - basic 24,809,751 24,964,643
Weighted-average number of common units outstanding - diluted 51,390,972 24,964,643
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in thousands)
December 31,
2020 2019
Net income (loss) $ 73,278 $ (1,694)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Gross unrealized gains on derivative financial instruments - 263
Currency translation adjustments 1,816 (1,690)
Changes in pension liabilities and other post-retirement benefit obligations (611) (13,536)
Other comprehensive income (loss) 1,205 (14,963)
Comprehensive income (loss) 74,483 (16,657)
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests (603) 97
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common unitholders $ 73,880 $ (16,560)
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Capital
(in thousands, except common units and treasury units)
Steel Partners Holdings L.P. Common Unitholders
Common Treasury Units Partners' Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Total Partners' Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Total
Units Units Dollars Capital (Loss) Income Capital Entities Capital
Balance at December 31, 2018
37,436,531 (12,142,528) $ (192,060) $ 661,792 $ (176,463) $ 485,329 $ 3,721 $ 489,050
Net loss - - - (1,597) - (1,597) (97) (1,694)
Unrealized gains on derivative financial instruments
- - - - 263 263 - 263
Currency translation adjustments
- - - - (1,690) (1,690) - (1,690)
Changes in pension liabilities and post-retirement benefit obligations
- - - - (13,536) (13,536) - (13,536)
Equity compensation - restricted units
234,461 - - 779 - 779 182 961
Purchases of SPLP common units
- (505,336) (6,721) (6,721) - (6,721) - (6,721)
Other, net
- - - (4) 4 - - -
Balance at December 31, 2019
37,670,992 (12,647,864) (198,781) 654,249 (191,422) 462,827 3,806 466,633
Net income - - - 72,675 - 72,675 603 73,278
Currency translation adjustments
- - - - 1,816 1,816 - 1,816
Changes in pension liabilities and post-retirement benefit obligations
- - - - (611) (611) - (611)
Equity compensation - restricted units
166,447 - - 887 - 887 - 887
Purchases of SPLP common units
- (2,268,771) (20,464) (20,464) - (20,464) - (20,464)
Deconsolidation of API (see
Note 6)
- - - - 17,481 17,481 - 17,481
Other, net
- - - (38) 87 49 153 202
Balance at December 31, 2020
37,837,439 (14,916,635) $ (219,245) $ 707,309 $ (172,649) $ 534,660 $ 4,562 $ 539,222
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss) $ 73,278 $ (1,694)
Loss from discontinued operations (10,199) (81,165)
Net income from continuing operations 83,477 79,471
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan losses 21,946 43,373
Loss of associated companies, net of taxes 3,786 8,043
Realized and unrealized gains on securities, net (25,643) (47,315)
Derivative gains on economic interests in loans (5,657) (14,744)
Deferred income taxes 22,058 11,118
Depreciation and amortization 65,333 66,180
Non-cash lease expense 9,012 11,177
Equity-based compensation 887 779
Goodwill impairment charges 1,100 15,924
Asset impairment charges 606 849
Other (2,821) 1,465
Net change in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade and other receivables 8,725 10,921
Inventories 12,220 (12,480)
Prepaid expenses and other assets (6,150) (3,217)
Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities (16,005) (14,700)
Net decrease (increase) in loans held for sale 138,361 (38,389)
Net cash provided by operating activities - continuing operations 311,235 118,455
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities - discontinued operations 12,855 (8,231)
Net cash provided by operating activities 324,090 110,224
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of investments
(14,365) (90,815)
Proceeds from sales of investments
8,830 31,576
Proceeds from maturities of investments
35,063 92,049
Loan originations, net of collections
(1,904,843) (205,874)
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
(23,226) (39,816)
Settlements of short positions, net
- (14,611)
Proceeds from sales of assets
3,000 1,293
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
(3,500) (45,559)
Net cash used in investing activities - continuing operations (1,899,041) (271,757)
Net cash used in investing activities - discontinued operations - (3,208)
Net cash used in investing activities (1,899,041) (274,965)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net revolver repayments (40,891) (62,048)
Repayments of term loans (14,208) (7,746)
Purchases of the Company's common units
(20,464) (6,721)
Net increase in other borrowings 2,090,223 -
Redemption of SPLP preferred units (40,000) -
Deferred finance charges (1,474) (815)
Net (decrease) increase in deposits (399,058) 43,406
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities - continuing operations 1,574,128 (33,924)
Net cash used in financing activities - discontinued operations - (2,222)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 1,574,128 (36,146)
Net change for the period
(823) (200,887)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (1,337) 398
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 137,948 347,318
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period, including cash of discontinued operations $ 135,788 $ 146,829
Less: Cash and cash equivalents of discontinued operations - 8,881
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 135,788 $ 137,948
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
All amounts used in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are in thousands, except common and preferred units, per common and preferred unit, share and per share data.
1. NATURE OF THE BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Nature of the Business
Steel Partners Holdings L.P. ("SPLP" or "Company") is a diversified global holding company that engages in multiple businesses through consolidated subsidiaries and other interests. It owns and operates businesses and has significant interests in various companies, including diversified industrial products, energy, banking, defense, direct marking, supply chain management and logistics and youth sports. SPLP operates through the following segments: Diversified Industrial, Energy, Financial Services, and Corporate and Other, which are managed separately and offer different products and services. For additional details related to the Company's reportable segments see Note 22 - "Segment Information." Steel Partners Holdings GP Inc. ("SPH GP"), a Delaware corporation, is the general partner of SPLP and is wholly-owned by SPLP. The Company is managed by SP General Services LLC ("Manager"), pursuant to the terms of an amended and restated management agreement ("Management Agreement") discussed in further detail in Note 21 - "Related Party Transactions."
Impact of COVID-19
In March 2020, the World Health Organization categorized the novel Coronavirus ("COVID-19") as a pandemic, and the President of the United States of America ("U.S.") declared the COVID-19 outbreak a national emergency. The spread of the outbreak has caused significant disruptions in the U.S. and global economies, and economists expect the impact will potentially be significant beyond 2020. The Company is subject to risks and uncertainties as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company continues to evaluate the global risks and the slowdown in business activity related to COVID-19, including the potential impacts on its employees, customers, suppliers and financial results. As the situation surrounding COVID-19 remains fluid, it is expected to continue having a negative impact to the Company; however, it is difficult to predict the duration of the pandemic and its continued impact on the Company's business, operations, financial condition and cash flows. There is no certainty that federal, state or local regulations regarding safety measures to address the spread of COVID-19 will not adversely impact the Company's operations. As of the filing of this Form 10-K, all of the Company's facilities were open and able to operate at normal capacities. Additionally, as the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, the Company initiated cost reduction actions, including the reduction and waiver of management and board fees, hiring freezes, employee furloughs, staffing and force reductions, salary reductions, bonus payment deferrals and 401(k) match suspension to help mitigate the financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company also froze all discretionary spend, implemented strict approvals for capital expenditures and aggressively managed working capital. The Company continues to evaluate further or continued actions as circumstances warrant.
The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected our consolidated financial results for the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company anticipates COVID-19 may continue to have an adverse impact on our business through 2021 and potentially beyond. While the Company developed and implemented, and continues to develop and implement, health and safety protocols, business continuity plans and crisis management protocols in an effort to try to mitigate the negative impact of COVID-19 to its employees and business, the severity of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's business beyond 2020 will depend on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the duration and severity of the pandemic, governmental actions that have been taken, or may be taken in the future, in response to the pandemic, and the extent and severity of the impact on the Company's customers and suppliers, all of which are uncertain and cannot be predicted. The Company's future results of operations and liquidity could be adversely impacted by delays in payments of outstanding receivable amounts beyond normal payment terms, supply chain disruptions and uncertain demand, and the impact of any initiatives or programs that the Company may undertake to address financial and operations challenges faced by its customers. As of the date of filing this Form 10-K, the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may materially impact the Company's financial condition, liquidity or results of operations is uncertain.
Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority or wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain amounts in the Company's 2019 consolidated statement of cash flows and notes have been reclassified to conform to the comparable 2020 presentation.
On January 31, 2020, the Company announced that API Group Limited and certain of its affiliates commenced administration proceedings in the United Kingdom ("U.K."). The purpose of the administration proceedings is to facilitate an orderly sale or wind-down of its U.K. operations, which include API Laminates Limited and API Foils Holdings Limited. In the U.S., API Americas Inc. voluntarily filed for Chapter 11 proceedings in Bankruptcy Court on February 2, 2020, in order to facilitate the sale or liquidation of its U.S. assets. The API entities (collectively, "API") were wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company and were included in the Diversified Industrial segment. The Company deconsolidated API on January 31, 2020 as it no longer held a controlling financial interest as of that date. The results of API's operations are included in Discontinued operations in the accompanying statements of operations. The assets and liabilities of API as of December 31, 2019, prior to their deconsolidation, are included in Assets and Liabilities of discontinued operations, respectively, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. All amounts associated with API have been removed from the Company's financial statements and footnotes, and reported in discontinued operations.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Use of Estimates in Preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company's consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. ("U.S. GAAP"). The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities during the reporting period. The more significant estimates include: (1) revenue recognition; (2) the valuation allowances for trade and other receivables, loans receivable and inventories; (3) the valuation of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets, long-lived assets and associated companies; (4) the valuation of deferred tax assets; (5) contingencies, including legal and environmental liabilities; (6) fair value of derivatives; (7) post-employment benefit liabilities; (8) estimates and assumptions used in the determination of fair value of certain securities; and (9) estimates of loan losses. Actual results may differ from the estimates used in preparing the consolidated financial statements; and, due to substantial holdings in and/or restrictions on certain investments, the value that may be realized could differ from the estimated fair value.
Restatement For Correction of Immaterial Errors in Previously Issued Consolidated Financial Statements
In connection with the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company identified errors in its previously filed annual consolidated financial statements and unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements. The errors were not material to any individual prior quarterly or annual period. The prior period errors are related primarily to a division of the Company's Electrical Products business within the Diversified Industrial segment ("Electrical Products Misstatements") and were primarily the result of: (1) divisional management override of internal controls, (2) improper segregation of duties, including failure to obtain independent review of recorded accounting entries and accounting analyses and (3) inadequate documentation and support for and/or untimely preparation of account reconciliations. The Electrical Products Misstatements resulted in: (1) improper valuation of inventories and trade receivables, including the related allowance for doubtful accounts, (2) improper recognition of revenue on contracts performed over time and (3) accounts payable and associated expenses not recorded accurately or in the appropriate period and (4) other errors.
The Company assessed the materiality of the errors in its historical annual consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") Topic 1.M, Materiality, codified in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, and concluded that the errors were not material to the previously filed annual consolidated financial statements or corresponding unaudited interim periods but would be material in the aggregate if corrected solely in the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020. In accordance with ASC 250 (SAB Topic 1.N, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements), the Company has corrected for these errors by revising previously filed 2019 annual consolidated financial statements, including the impact to beginning Partners' capital, in connection with the filing of this 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The revised annual consolidated financial statements also include adjustments to correct certain other immaterial errors, including errors that had previously been adjusted for and disclosed as out of period corrections in the period identified.
The accompanying footnotes have also been corrected to reflect the impact of the revisions of the previously filed 2019 annual consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 25 - "Restatement of Previously Issued Consolidated Financial Statements" for reconciliations between as reported and as revised annual amounts.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash and deposits in depository institutions and financial institutions, and includes WebBank cash at the Federal Reserve Bank. The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments with maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include qualifying money market funds and exclude amounts where availability is restricted by loan agreements or other contractual provisions. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates market value.
Marketable Securities and Long-Term Investments
Marketable securities consist of short-term deposits, corporate debt and equity instruments, and mutual funds. The Company classifies its marketable securities as current assets based on the nature of the securities and their availability for use in current operations. Long-term investments consist of equity securities and certain associated company investments. Held-to-maturity securities are classified in Other non-current assets. SPLP determines the appropriate classifications of its investments at the acquisition date and re-evaluates the classifications at each balance sheet date.
•Available-for-sale equity securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recognized in Realized and unrealized gains on securities, net in the consolidated statements of operations.
•Available-for-sale debt securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income or loss ("AOCI") as a separate component of SPLP's Partners' capital in both 2020 and 2019.
•Associated companies represent equity method investments in companies where the Company's ownership is generally between 20% and 50% of the outstanding equity and it has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee. For equity method investments where the fair value option has been elected, unrealized gains and losses are reported in the Company's consolidated statements of operations as part of Loss of associated companies, net of taxes. For the equity method investments where the fair value option has not been elected, SPLP records the investment at cost and subsequently increases or decreases the investment by its proportionate share of the net income or loss and other comprehensive income or loss of the investee.
•Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at amortized cost, adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts.
Dividend and interest income is recognized when earned. Realized gains and losses on marketable securities and long-term investments are included in earnings and are derived using the specific-identification method. Commission expense is recorded as a reduction of sales proceeds on investment sales. Commission expense on purchases is included in the cost of investments on the Company's consolidated balance sheets.
Other Than Temporary Impairment
If the Company believes a decline in the market value of any available-for-sale debt security, equity method or held-to-maturity security below cost is other than temporary, a loss is charged to earnings, which establishes a new cost basis for the security. Impairment losses are included in Asset impairment charges in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. SPLP's determination of whether a security is other than temporarily impaired incorporates both quantitative and qualitative information. The Company considers a number of factors including, but not limited to, the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the length of time expected for recovery, the financial condition of the issuer, the reason for the decline in fair value, changes in fair value subsequent to the balance sheet date, the ability and intent to hold investments to maturity, and other factors specific to the individual investment.
Specifically, for held-to-maturity securities, the Company considers whether it plans to sell the security or it is more-likely-than-not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost. The credit component of an other-than-temporary impairment loss is recognized in earnings and the non-credit component is recognized in AOCI in situations where the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is more likely-than-not that the Company will not be required to sell the security prior to recovery. SPLP's assessment involves a high degree of judgment and accordingly, actual results may differ materially from those estimates and judgments.
Trade Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Company recognizes bad debt expense through an allowance account using estimates based primarily on management's evaluation of the financial condition of the customer, historical experience, credit quality, whether any amounts are currently past due, the length of time accounts may be past due, previous loss history and management's determination of a
customer's current ability to pay its obligations. Trade receivable balances are charged off against the allowance when it is determined that the receivables will not be recovered, and payments subsequently received on such receivables are credited to recovery of accounts written off. The Company believes that the credit risk with respect to trade receivables is limited due to this credit evaluation process. As of December 31, 2020, the top 10 of the Company's largest customer balances accounted for 25% of the Company's trade receivables. The Company's allowance for doubtful accounts for trade receivables was $3,368 and $2,578 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company recorded charges of $1,258 to the allowance offset by recoveries of $468 for the year ended December 31, 2020 and charges of $682 to the allowance offset by recoveries of $681 for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Loans Receivable, Including Loans Held for Sale
WebBank's loan activities include several lending arrangements with companies where it originates credit card and other loans for consumers and small businesses. These loans are classified as Loans receivable and are typically sold after origination. As part of these arrangements, WebBank earns fees that are recorded in non-interest income. Fees earned from these lending arrangements are recorded as fee income. WebBank also purchases participations in commercial and industrial loans through loan syndications. Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay-off generally are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balances adjusted for charge-offs, the allowance for loan losses ("ALLL"), and any deferred fees or costs on originated loans. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the related loan yield over the estimated life of the loan.
Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or estimated market value in the aggregate. A valuation allowance is recorded when cost exceeds fair value based on our determination at the time of reclassification and periodically thereafter. Gains and losses are recorded in noninterest income based on the difference between sales proceeds and carrying value and impairments from reductions in carrying value.
Loans are reported as past due when either principal or interest is due and unpaid for a period of 30 days or more. The accrual of interest on loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent for commercial loans, 120 days for consumer loans and 180 days for small business loans unless the loan is well-secured and in process of collection. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged-off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful.
All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual or charged off is reversed against interest income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.
Loan Impairment and Allowance for Loan Losses
A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that WebBank will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments. When a loan has been identified as being impaired, the amount of impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate or, when appropriate, the loan's observable fair value or the fair value of the collateral (less any selling costs) if the loan is collateral-dependent. If the measurement of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (including accrued interest, net of deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or discount), an impairment is recognized by creating or adjusting an existing allocation of the ALLL, or by charging down the loan to its value determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
The ALLL is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when the uncollectability of a loan or receivable balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. The ALLL is evaluated on a regular basis and is based upon a periodic review of the collectability of the amounts due in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower's ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as doubtful, substandard or loss. For such loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers non-classified loans and is based on historical loss experience and is adjusted for qualitative factors to cover uncertainties that could affect the estimate of probable losses. The ALLL is increased by charges to income and decreased by charge-offs (net of recoveries). The periodic evaluation of the
adequacy of the allowance is based on WebBank's past loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the debtor's ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral and current economic conditions.
Inventories
Inventories are generally stated at the lower of cost (determined by the first-in, first-out method or average cost method) and net realizable value. Cost is determined by the last-in, first-out ("LIFO") method for certain precious metal inventory held in the U.S., and remaining precious metal inventory is primarily carried at fair value. For precious metal inventory, no segregation among raw materials, work in process and finished products is practicable. For other inventory, the cost of work in process and finished products comprises the cost of raw materials, direct labor and overhead costs attributable to the production of inventory.
Non-precious metal inventories are evaluated for estimated excess and obsolescence based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions, and are adjusted accordingly. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected, future write-downs may be required.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net
Goodwill, which is not amortized, represents the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in a business combination. The Company reviews goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter, and tests for impairment during the year if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate the carrying amount may be impaired. Examples of such events would include pertinent macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, overall financial performance and other factors. An entity can choose between using the Step 0 approach or the Step 1 approach.
For the Step 0 approach, an entity may assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. An entity has an unconditional option to bypass the Step 0 assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to performing a Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test. An entity may resume performing the Step 0 assessment in any subsequent period. For the Step 1 approach, which is a quantitative approach, the Company will calculate the fair value of a reporting unit and compare it to its carrying amount. There are several methods that may be used to estimate a reporting unit's fair value, including the income approach, the market approach and/or the cost approach. The amount of impairment, if any, is determined by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognizing an impairment charge based on the amount that the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value. The loss recognized should not exceed the total goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.
For 2020, the Company utilized a quantitative approach for all of its reporting units primarily using a discounted cash flow method with consideration of market comparisons. The annual impairment test did not result in an impairment to goodwill for any of the reporting units, except for a partial impairment of the Performance Materials reporting unit. As a result of a decline in the Performance Materials reporting unit's estimated fair value, the Company recorded a $1,100 charge in Goodwill impairment charges in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020. The annual impairment test in 2019 did not result in an impairment to goodwill. The Company performed an interim impairment test during the third quarter of 2019 for the Packaging reporting unit, which included the operations of API and Dunmore Corporation in the U.S. and Dunmore Europe GmbH in Germany (collectively, "Dunmore"). Due to a decline in their estimated fair values, the Company recorded aggregate Goodwill impairment charges of $41,853 ($15,924 classified in continuing operations for Dunmore and $25,929 classified in discontinued operations for API). Refer to Note 9 - "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net," for additional information on the goodwill impairment charges.
For finite-lived intangible assets, the Company evaluates the carrying amount of such assets when circumstances indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Conditions that could have an adverse impact on the cash flows and fair value of the long-lived assets are deteriorating business climate, condition of the asset or plans to dispose of the asset before the end of its useful life. If the assets' carrying amounts exceed the sum of the undiscounted cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amounts exceeds their fair values. The Company performs such assessments at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities, which is generally at the plant level, operating company level or the reporting unit level, depending on the level of interdependencies in the Company's operations. As a result of COVID-19 related declines in the Company's youth sports business within the Energy segment, intangible assets of $606, primarily customer relationships, were fully impaired during 2020. The impairment is included in Asset impairment charges in the accompanying statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets, which are only within the Diversified Industrial segment, are tested for impairment at least annually, or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired. Companies can use the same two testing approaches for indefinite-lived intangibles as for goodwill. For 2020 and 2019, the Company utilized both the quantitative and qualitative approaches to assess its indefinite-lived intangible assets, and the results indicated no impairment.
Derivatives
The Company uses various hedging instruments to reduce the impact of changes in precious metal prices and the effect of foreign currency fluctuations. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, these instruments are recorded as either fair value hedges, economic hedges, cash flow hedges or derivatives with no hedging designation.
Precious Metals
The Company's precious metal and commodity inventories are subject to market price fluctuations. The Company enters into commodity futures and forward contracts to mitigate the impact of price fluctuations on its precious and certain non-precious metal inventories that are not subject to fixed price contracts. The Company's hedging strategy is designed to protect it against normal volatility; therefore, abnormal price changes in these commodities or markets could negatively impact the Company's earnings.
Fair Value Hedges. The fair values of these derivatives are recognized as derivative assets and liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The net change in fair value of the derivative assets and liabilities, and the change in the fair value of the underlying hedged inventory, are recognized in the Company's consolidated statements of operations, and such amounts principally offset each other due to the effectiveness of the hedges. The fair value hedges are associated primarily with the Company's precious metal inventory carried at fair value.
Economic Hedges. As these derivatives are not designated as accounting hedges under ASC 815, they are accounted for as derivatives with no hedge designation. The derivatives are marked to market, and both realized and unrealized gains and losses are recorded in current period earnings in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. The economic hedges are associated primarily with the Company's precious metal inventory valued using the LIFO method.
Foreign Currency Forward Contracts
The Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge certain of its receivables and payables denominated in other currencies. In addition, the Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge the value of certain of its future sales and the value of its future purchases denominated in other currencies. Such hedges have historically been associated with API's operations in the U.K. The forward contracts that are used to hedge the risk of foreign exchange movement on its receivables and payables are accounted for as fair value hedges under ASC 815. The fair values of these derivatives are recognized as derivative assets and liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The net change in fair value of the derivative assets and liabilities are recognized in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. The forward contracts that are used to hedge the value of the Company's future sales and purchases are accounted for as cash flow hedges in accordance with ASC 815. These hedges are fully effective and accordingly, the changes in fair value are recorded in AOCI and, at maturity, any gain or loss on the forward contract is reclassified from AOCI into the Company's consolidated statements of operations.
WebBank - Economic Interests in Loans
WebBank's derivative financial instruments represent on-going economic interests in loans made after they are sold. These derivatives are carried at fair value on a gross basis in Other non-current assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheets and are classified within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy (see Note 19 - "Fair Value Measurements"). At December 31, 2020, outstanding derivatives mature within 3 to 5 years. Gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value of derivative instruments are accounted for in the Company's consolidated statements of operations in Financial Services revenue. Fair value represents the estimated amounts that WebBank would receive at the reporting date based on a discounted cash flow model for the same or similar instruments. WebBank does not enter into derivative contracts for speculative or trading purposes.
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net
Property, plant and equipment is recorded at cost. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment is recorded principally on the straight line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range as follows: machinery and equipment 3 to 15 years and buildings and improvements 10 to 30 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the terms of the related leases or the estimated useful lives of the improvements. Interest cost is capitalized for qualifying assets during the assets' acquisition period. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense, and renewals and betterments are capitalized. Gains or losses on dispositions is recorded in Other income, net.
The Company tests long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. If the carrying amounts of the long-lived assets exceed the sum of the undiscounted cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amounts exceeds their fair values, which is generally determined using a discounted cash flow methodology. The Company performs such assessments at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities, which is generally at the plant level, operating company level or the reporting unit level, depending on the level of interdependencies in the Company's operations. The Company considers various factors in determining whether an impairment test is necessary, including among other things: a significant or prolonged deterioration in operating results and projected cash flows; significant changes in the extent or manner in which assets are used; technological advances with respect to assets which would potentially render them obsolete; the Company's strategy and capital planning; and the economic climate in the markets it serves. When estimating future cash flows and if necessary, fair value, the Company makes judgments as to the expected utilization of assets and estimated future cash flows related to those assets. The Company considers historical and anticipated future results, general economic and market conditions, the impact of planned business and operational strategies and other information available at the time the estimates are made. The Company believes these estimates are reasonable; however, changes in circumstances or conditions could have a significant impact on its estimates, which might result in material impairment charges in the future.
Leases
The Company determines if an agreement qualifies as a lease or contains a lease in the period that the agreement is executed. An agreement is or contains a lease if it conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The right to control the use of an asset includes the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits of the underlying asset and the right to direct how and for what purpose the asset is used.
Right of use ("ROU") assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the entirety of the lease term. Lease liabilities represent the Company's obligation to make payments over the life of the lease. A ROU asset and a lease liability are recognized at commencement of the lease based on the present value of the lease payments over the life of the lease. Since the interest rate implicit in a lease is generally not readily determinable, we use an incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of the lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate represents the rate of interest the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar lease term to obtain an asset of similar value. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when the Company is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option.
Initial direct costs are included as part of the ROU asset upon commencement of the lease. The Company has applied the practical expedient available for lessees in which lease and non-lease components are accounted for as a single lease component for all of our asset classes. We also elected the practical expedient to exclude short-term leases (leases with original terms of 12 months or less) from our ROU asset and lease liability accounts.
Deferred Debt Issue Costs
Costs to issue debt are capitalized and deferred when incurred and subsequently amortized to interest expense over the term of the related debt using the effective interest rate method. Deferred debt issuance costs are presented in the Company's consolidated balance sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the associated debt liability.
Business Combinations
When the Company acquires a business, it allocates the purchase price to the assets acquired, liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interests based on their fair values at the acquisition date. Significant judgment may be used to determine these fair values including the use of appraisals, discounted cash flow models, market value for similar purchases or other methods applicable to the circumstances. The assumptions and judgments made by the Company when recording business combinations will have an impact on reported results of operations in the future.
Revenue Recognition
General
Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.
The Company records all shipping and handling fees billed to customers as revenue. The Company has elected to account for shipping and handling activities that are performed after the customer obtains control of a good as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the good. If revenue is recognized for the related good before the shipping and handling activities occur, the related costs of those shipping and handling activities are accrued.
Sales and usage-based taxes are excluded from revenues. The Company does not have any material service-type warranty arrangements. The expected costs associated with the Company's assurance warranties are recognized as expense when the products are sold. The Company does not have any material significant financing arrangements as payment is received shortly after the goods are sold or services are performed. Cash received from customers prior to shipment of goods, or otherwise not yet earned, is recorded as deferred revenue.
Standalone Selling Price
Generally, the Company's sales contracts with customers contain only one performance obligation. In certain circumstances, contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, the Company allocates revenue to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The Company generally determines the standalone selling price based on the prices charged to similar customers or by using the expected cost plus margin approach. The Company's performance obligations are generally part of contracts with customers that have a duration of less than one year, and therefore, the Company has not provided disclosures with respect to remaining performance obligations.
Practical Expedients and Exemptions
Given the typical duration of the Company's contracts with customers, as noted directly above, is less than one year, the Company generally expenses sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs are recorded within Selling, general and administrative expenses.
For certain of the services that the Company's Diversified Industrial and Energy segments provide, the Company has determined that it has a right to consideration from a customer in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the Company's performance completed to date, and therefore, the Company recognizes revenue in the amount to which the entity has a right to invoice.
Diversified Industrial and Energy Segments
The Diversified Industrial segment is comprised of manufacturers of engineered niche industrial products. The majority of revenues recognized are for the sale of manufactured goods in the U.S. Other revenue recognized is for repair and maintenance services. Customer contracts are generally short-term in nature and are based on individual customer purchase orders. The terms and conditions of the customer purchase orders are dictated by either the Company's standard terms and conditions or by a master service agreement.
Diversified Industrial revenues related to product sales are recognized when control of the promised goods is transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods. This condition is usually met at a point-in-time when the product has been shipped to the customer, or in certain circumstances when the product has been delivered to the customer, depending on the terms of the contract. However, revenues for certain custom manufactured goods are recognized over time as the customer order is fulfilled (for example, contracts for sale of custom manufactured goods that do not have an alternative use and for which the Company has an enforceable right to payment). Generally, a cost incurred input method is used to determine the timing of revenue recognition for over time arrangements. Service revenues are primarily recognized in the amount to which the entity has a right to invoice.
Certain customers may receive sales incentives, such as right of return, rebates, volume discounts and early payment discounts, which are accounted for as variable consideration. The Company estimates these amounts based on the expected
incentive amount to be provided to customers and reduces revenues, and these estimates are typically constrained. The Company adjusts its estimate of revenue at the earlier of when the expected value or most likely amount of consideration we expect to receive changes or when the consideration becomes fixed.
Diversified Industrials' service revenues are generated primarily by repair and maintenance work performed on equipment used at mass merchants, supermarkets and restaurants. Service revenues are primarily recognized in the amount to which the entity has a right to invoice.
The Energy segment provides drilling and production services to the oil and gas industry in the U.S. The services provided include well completion and recompletion, well maintenance and workover, flow testing, down hole pumping, plug and abatement, well logging and perforating wireline services. Service revenues are recognized in the amount to which the entity has a right to invoice. Consideration for Energy contracts is generally fixed.
A portion of Energy revenues are service revenues related to Energy's youth sports business. These service revenues are recognized when services are provided to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those services. Consideration for the Energy's sports business contracts is generally fixed.
The Company has also entered into rebate agreements with certain customers. These programs are typically structured to incentivize the customers to increase their annual purchases from the Company. The rebates are usually calculated as a percentage of the purchase amount, and such percentages may increase as the customer's level of purchases rise. Rebates are recorded as a reduction of net sales in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, accrued rebates payable totaled $13,294 and $14,806, respectively, and are included in Accrued liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheets.
Financial Services Segment
WebBank generates revenue through a combination of interest income and non-interest income. Interest income is derived from interest and fees earned on loans and investments. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance, including amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the related loan yield over the estimated life of the loan. Non-interest income is primarily derived from premiums on the sale of loans, loan servicing fees, origination fees earned on certain loans and fee income on contractual lending arrangements.
Concentration of Revenue
No single customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company's consolidated revenues in 2020 or 2019.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value (see Note 19 - "Fair Value Measurements"). Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair values of assets and liabilities are determined based on a three-level measurement input hierarchy. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the measurement date. Level 2 inputs are other than quoted market prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for an asset or liability. Level 2 inputs can include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in a market that is not active for identical assets or liabilities, or other inputs that can be corroborated by observable market data. Level 3 inputs are unobservable for the asset or liability when there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. Level 3 inputs are based on the best information available and may include data developed by the Company.
Pension Plans
The Company sponsors qualified and non-qualified pension and other post-retirement benefit plans covering certain of its current or former employees. In accordance with accounting standards for employee pension benefits, the Company recognizes on a plan-by-plan basis the unfunded status of its pension and post-retirement benefit plans in the consolidated financial statements and measures its pension plan assets and benefit obligations as of December 31. The obligation for the Company's pension and post-retirement benefit plans and the related annual costs of employee benefits are calculated based on several long-term assumptions, including discount rates and expected mortality for employee benefit liabilities, rates of return on plan assets and expected annual rates for salary increases for employee participants.
Equity-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for restricted stock units granted to employees and non-employee directors as compensation expense, which is recognized in exchange for the services received. The compensation expense is based on the fair value of the equity instruments on the grant-date and is recognized as an expense over the service period of the recipients. The Company accounts for forfeitures in the period in which they occur.
Income Taxes
SPLP and certain of its subsidiaries, as limited partnerships, are generally not responsible for federal and state income taxes, and their profits and losses are passed directly to their partners for inclusion in their respective income tax returns. SPLP's subsidiaries that are corporate entities are subject to federal and state income taxes and file corporate income tax returns.
SPLP's subsidiaries that are subject to income taxes use the liability method of accounting for such taxes. Under the liability method, deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Such subsidiaries evaluate the recoverability of deferred tax assets and establish a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
When tax returns are filed, it is highly certain that most positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that would be ultimately sustained. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the Company's consolidated financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other positions. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is provided for and reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits on the Company's consolidated balance sheets, along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination.
SPLP's policy is to record estimated interest and penalties related to the underpayment of income taxes as income tax provision in its consolidated statements of operations.
The Company does not release income tax effects from AOCI until the underlying asset or liability to which the income tax relates has been derecognized from the balance sheet or otherwise terminated.
Foreign Currency Translation
Assets and liabilities of SPLP's foreign subsidiaries are translated at current exchange rates and related revenues and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange in effect during the year. Resulting cumulative translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of other comprehensive income or loss. Gains and losses arising from transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the reporting entity are included in earnings.
Legal Contingencies
The Company is subject to litigation, proceedings, claims or assessments and various contingent liabilities incidental to its business or assumed in connection with certain business acquisitions. The Company accrues a charge for a loss contingency when it believe it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. If the loss is within a range of specified amounts, the most likely amount is accrued, and the Company accrues the minimum amount in the range if no amount within the range represents a better estimate. Generally, the Company records the loss contingency at the amount we expect to pay to resolve the contingency, and the amount is generally not discounted to the present value. Amounts recoverable under insurance contracts are recorded as assets when recovery is deemed probable. Contingencies that might result in a gain are not recognized until realizable. Changes to the amount of the estimated loss or resolution of one or more contingencies could have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.
Environmental Liabilities
The Company accrues for losses associated with environmental remediation obligations when such losses are probable and reasonably estimable. Accruals for estimated losses from environmental remediation obligations generally are recognized no later than completion of the remedial feasibility study.
Such accruals are adjusted as further information develops or circumstances change. Costs of future expenditures for environmental remediation obligations are not discounted to their present value. Recoveries of environmental remediation costs from other parties are recorded as assets when their receipt is deemed probable.
Adoption of New Accounting Standards
In August 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. ("ASU") 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. ASU 2018-13 modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. The Company adopted ASU 2018-13 on January 1, 2020. Because ASU 2018-13 affects disclosure only, the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Accounting Standards Not Yet Effective
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This new standard changes the impairment model for most financial assets that are measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments, including trade receivables, from an incurred loss model to an expected loss model and adds certain new required disclosures. Under the expected loss model, entities will recognize estimated credit losses over the entire contractual term of the instrument rather than delaying recognition of credit losses until it is probable the loss has been incurred. In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief. ASU 2019-05 provides entities with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option, applied on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments, that are within the scope of Subtopic 326-20, upon the adoption of Topic 326. The fair value option election does not apply to held-to-maturity debt securities. The new standards were to be effective for the Company's 2020 fiscal year. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842): Effective Dates. This new standard amended the effective date of Topic 326 for smaller reporting companies until January 1, 2023. A company's determination about whether it is eligible to be a smaller reporting company is based on its most recent determination as of November 15, 2019, in accordance with SEC regulations. As of this date, the Company met the SEC definition of a smaller reporting company. Therefore, the Company will not be required to adopt Topic 326 until January 1, 2023. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this new guidance; however, it expects that it could have a significant impact on the Company's ALLL.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. ASU 2018-14 modifies the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension and other post-retirement plans. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 are effective for the Company's 2021 fiscal year end. Because ASU 2018-14 affects disclosure only, management does not expect that the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes specific exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 in order to reduce the complexity of its application. ASU 2019-12 also improves consistency and simplifies existing guidance by clarifying and amending certain specific areas of Topic 740. The amendments in ASU 2019-12 are effective for the Company's 2021 fiscal year, including interim periods, although early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this new guidance.
In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-01, Investments-Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815. ASU 2020-01 clarifies the interaction between accounting standards related to equity securities, equity method investments, and certain derivatives, and is expected to reduce diversity in practice and increase comparability of the accounting for these interactions. The amendments in ASU 2020-01 are effective for the Company's 2021 fiscal year, including interim periods. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this new guidance, but management does not expect that the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In March 2020 and January 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting and ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform: Scope, respectively. Together these ASU's provide temporary optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP, if certain exceptions are met, to contracts, hedging relationships and other arrangements affected by the discontinuation of the London Interbank Offered Rate, known as LIBOR, or by another reference rate expected to be discontinued. These ASU's were effective beginning on March 12, 2020, and the Company may elect to apply the amendments prospectively through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
3. REVENUES
Disaggregation of Revenues
Revenues are disaggregated at the Company's segment level since the segment categories depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows are affected by economic factors. For additional details related to the Company's reportable segments see Note 22 - "Segment Information."
The following table presents the Company's revenues disaggregated by geography for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company's revenues are primarily derived domestically. Foreign revenues are based on the country in which the legal subsidiary generating the revenue is domiciled. Revenue from any single foreign country was not material to the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
United States $ 1,229,406 $ 1,373,505
Foreign 81,230 81,543
Total revenue $ 1,310,636 $ 1,455,048
Contract Balances
Differences in the timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections result in billed trade receivables, unbilled receivables (contract assets) and deferred revenue (contract liabilities) on the consolidated balance sheets.
Contract Assets
Unbilled receivables arise when the timing of billings to customers differs from the timing of revenue recognition, such as when the Company recognizes revenue over time before a customer can be billed. Contract assets are classified as Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The balances of contract assets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 were $17,119 and $10,749, respectively. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company's return assets account was not material.
Contract Liabilities
The Company records deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of the Company's performance, including amounts which are refundable, which are recorded as contract liabilities. Contract liabilities are classified as Other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets based on the timing of when the Company expects to recognize revenue.
Contract Liabilities
December 31, 2019 $ 6,737
Deferral of revenue 15,466
Recognition of revenue (14,496)
December 31, 2020 $ 7,707
4. LEASES
The Company has operating and finance leases for operating plants, warehouses, corporate offices, housing facilities, vehicles and equipment. Our leases have remaining lease terms of up to 20 years.
The components of lease cost are as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Operating lease cost $ 10,249 $ 11,771
Short-term lease cost $ 453 $ 465
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets $ 1,256 $ 1,172
Interest on lease liabilities 322 311
Total finance lease cost $ 1,578 $ 1,483
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 10,204 $ 10,987
Operating cash flows from finance leases $ 321 $ 288
Financing cash flows from finance leases $ 1,660 $ 1,504
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases $ 6,784 $ 6,906
Finance leases $ 64 $ 3,716
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:
December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Location on
Consolidated Balance Sheet
Operating leases
Operating lease right-of-use assets $ 29,715 $ 34,324 Operating lease right-of-use assets
Current operating lease liabilities $ 8,936 $ 8,858 Other current liabilities
Non-current operating lease liabilities 21,845 26,458 Long-term operating lease liabilities
Total operating lease liabilities $ 30,781 $ 35,316
Finance leases
Finance lease assets $ 7,575 $ 9,325 Property, plant and equipment, net
Current finance lease liabilities $ 623 $ 617 Other current liabilities
Non-current finance lease liabilities 5,177 6,767 Other non-current liabilities
Total finance lease liabilities $ 5,800 $ 7,384
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)
Operating leases 5.38 years 5.74 years
Finance leases 4.31 years 5.16 years
Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases 4.29 % 4.24 %
Finance leases 4.20 % 4.19 %
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of December 31, 2020, are as follows:
Operating Leases Finance Leases
2021 $ 10,195 $ 2,026
2022 11,248 1,907
2023 8,210 1,777
2024 5,854 1,734
2025 4,390 1,251
Thereafter 7,264 810
Total lease payments 47,161 9,505
Present value of current lease liabilities 8,936 623
Present value of long-term lease liabilities 21,845 5,177
Total present value of lease liabilities 30,781 5,800
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows $ 16,380 $ 3,705
5. ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
Acquisitions
On January 23, 2020, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, OMG, Inc. ("OMG"), completed the acquisition of Metallon, Inc. ("Metallon"), which is in the business of manufacturing plugs for the composite exterior deck market, for a cash purchase price of $3,500. The assets acquired included goodwill of $2,300, other intangible assets, primarily unpatented technology, of $800 and property, plant and equipment of $400. No liabilities or contingent consideration were included in the acquisition. Prior to the acquisition, Metallon was the exclusive supplier of plugs to OMG for composite exterior decks, and this acquisition will provide OMG with additional control of its supply chain, production costs and overall product margin. OMG is included in the Company's Diversified Industrial segment. The goodwill of $2,300 is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The final purchase price and purchase price allocation of Metallon were finalized as of September 30, 2020, with no significant changes to preliminary amounts.
On April 1, 2019, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, WebBank, completed the acquisition of National Partners PFco, LLC ("National Partners") for consideration of $47,725, which includes assumed debt, including debt with a third-party that WebBank had a preexisting $10,000 participation, and was subject to a potential earn-out based on future performance. The earn-out expired on June 30, 2020 and was not paid out as the performance requirements were not met. National Partners provides commercial premium finance solutions for national insurance brokerages, independent insurance agencies and insureds in key markets throughout the U.S. National Partners is included with WebBank in the Company's Financial Services segment. In connection with the acquisition, the Company recorded trade and other receivables, other intangible assets and goodwill associated with the acquisition, totaling approximately $37,195, $2,230 and $6,515, respectively, as well as other assets and liabilities. Other intangible assets consist of agent relationships of $1,800 and trade names of $430. The goodwill from the acquisition consists largely of the synergies expected from combining the operations of the two businesses. The goodwill of $6,515 is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The final purchase price and purchase price allocation of National Partners were finalized as of April 1, 2020, with no significant changes to preliminary amounts.
Divestiture
On January 31, 2021, the Company completed the sale of its Edge business for a sales price of $16,000, subject to a working capital adjustment. Edge provided roofing edge metal products and was part of the Company's OMG business.
6. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
On January 31, 2020, the Company announced that API Group Limited and certain of its affiliates commenced administration proceedings in the U.K. The purpose of the administration proceedings is to facilitate an orderly sale or wind-down of its U.K. operations, which include API Laminates Limited and API Foils Holdings Limited. In the U.S., API Americas Inc. voluntarily filed for Chapter 11 proceedings in Bankruptcy Court on February 2, 2020, in order to facilitate the sale or liquidation of its U.S. assets. The API Americas Inc. Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings were closed by the Bankruptcy Court on December 21, 2020. The API entities were wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company and part of the Diversified Industrial segment. The Company deconsolidated API on January 31, 2020 as it no longer held a controlling financial interest as of that date. On the date of the deconsolidation, the Company believed that API became a variable interest entity. The Company determined at deconsolidation that it was not the primary beneficiary of API as the Company no longer held a controlling financial interest in API and the Company lacked significant decision-making ability.
The components of Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations are:
Year Ended
December 31, 2020
Loss from operations of discontinued operation $ (2,808)
Gain upon initial deconsolidation of API 30,515
Loss from change in guarantee liability (51,138)
Tax benefit from loss on discontinued operations 13,232
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes $ (10,199)
The gain upon initial deconsolidation of $30,515 is based primarily on the Company's carrying value of API's assets, liabilities and accumulated other comprehensive loss at the time of deconsolidation. All amounts associated with API have been removed from the Company's financial statements and footnotes, and reported in discontinued operations as described herein.
As of the date of deconsolidation, API held approximately $69,220 of principal loans under the Company's senior credit agreement described in Note 13 - "Debt" Under the terms of the credit agreement, the Company and certain consolidated subsidiaries were guarantors, and accordingly, were responsible for the ultimate repayment of these loans. The net proceeds from the sale of the assets of API were not sufficient to fully repay the loans. On December 23, 2020, the Company became the obligor of the debt, the guarantee liability was removed from the Company's consolidated balance sheet and the Company recorded debt at that time for the amount of the remaining outstanding debt obligation.
On February 2, 2020, the Company became obligor to API's U.S. pension plans. Accordingly, the Company retained the previously recorded API pension obligation liability of approximately $5,238. These obligations remain recorded in Accrued pension liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020.
The following represents the detail of Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Revenue $ 6,388 $ 106,389
Costs and expenses:
Cost of goods sold 6,085 104,409
Selling, general and administrative expenses 2,726 22,737
Goodwill impairment charges - 25,929
Asset impairment charges - 30,533
Other expenses, net 385 3,193
Total costs and expenses 9,196 186,801
Loss before income taxes (2,808) (80,412)
Income tax benefit (provision) - (753)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes $ (2,808) $ (81,165)
The following is a summary of the assets and liabilities of discontinued operations:
December 31, 2019
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 8,881
Trade and other receivables 13,367
Inventories, net 16,192
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 2,572
Total current assets 41,012
Other non-current assets 50
Property, plant and equipment, net 11,176
Operating lease right-of-use-assets 6,041
Total Assets $ 58,279
Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 14,027
Accrued liabilities 4,701
Short-term debt 1,397
Other current liabilities 1,131
Total current liabilities 21,256
Long-term debt 69,055
Accrued pension liabilities 12,849
Deferred tax liabilities 1,117
Long-term operating lease liabilities 4,804
Total Liabilities $ 109,081
7. LOANS RECEIVABLE, INCLUDING LOANS HELD FOR SALE
Major classifications of Loans receivable, including loans held for sale, held by WebBank at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:
Total Current Non-current
December 31, 2020 % December 31, 2019 % December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Loans held for sale $ 88,171 $ 226,532 $ 88,171 $ 226,532 $ - $ -
Commercial real estate loans $ 672 - % $ 659 - % - - 672 $ 659
Commercial and industrial 2,279,672 94 % 251,349 45 % 221,469 233,510 2,058,203 17,839
Consumer loans 147,652 6 % 302,714 55 % 23,510 125,067 124,142 177,647
Total loans 2,427,996 100 % 554,722 100 % 244,979 358,577 2,183,017 196,145
Less:
Allowance for loan losses (27,059) (36,682) (27,059) (36,682) - -
Total loans receivable, net
$ 2,400,937 $ 518,040 217,920 321,895 2,183,017 196,145
Loans receivable, including loans held for sale (a)
$ 306,091 $ 548,427 $ 2,183,017 $ 196,145
(a) The carrying value is considered to be representative of fair value because the rates of interest are not significantly different from market interest rates for instruments with similar maturities. The fair value of loans receivable, including loans held for sale, was $2,498,218 and $760,644 at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Loans with a carrying value of approximately $15,849 and $15,737 were pledged as collateral for potential borrowings at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. WebBank serviced $2,828 and $2,898 in loans for others at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
WebBank sold loans classified as loans held for sale of $11,361,131 and $23,864,975 during the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The sold loans were derecognized from the consolidated balance sheets. Loans classified as loans held for sale primarily consist of consumer and small business loans. Amounts added to loans held for sale during these same periods were $11,231,167 and $23,906,695, respectively. The reduction in loans held for sale as of December 31, 2020, reflects the impact of reduced lending by WebBank's partners due to the economic impact of COVID-19.
Such factors include WebBank's partners experiencing reduced sales volume, as well as tightening their credit policies due to the increase in the U.S. unemployment rates and other factors. This in turn has reduced the volume of loans being initiated by, and then sold by, WebBank.
Allowance for Loan Losses
The ALLL represents an estimate of probable and estimable losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. Losses are charged to the ALLL when incurred. Generally, commercial loans are charged off or charged down at the point at which they are determined to be uncollectible in whole or in part. Consumer term loans are charged off at 120 days past due and open-end consumer and small and medium business loans are charged off at 180 days past due unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection. The amount of the ALLL is established by analyzing the portfolio at least quarterly, and a provision for or reduction of loan losses is recorded so that the ALLL is at an appropriate level at the balance sheet date. The methodologies used to estimate the ALLL depend upon the impairment status and portfolio segment of the loan. Loan groupings are created for each loan class and are then graded against historical and industry loss rates.
After applying historic loss experience, the quantitatively derived level of ALLL is reviewed for each segment using qualitative criteria. Various risk factors are tracked that influence our judgment regarding the level of the ALLL across the portfolio segments. Primary qualitative factors that may be reflected in the quantitative models include:
•Asset quality trends
•Risk management and loan administration practices
•Portfolio management and controls
•Effect of changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio
•Changes in lending policies and underwriting policies
•Existence and effect of any portfolio concentrations
•National economic business conditions and other macroeconomic adjustments
•Regional and local economic and business conditions
•Data availability and applicability
•Industry monitoring
•Value of underlying collateral
Changes in these factors are reviewed to ensure that changes in the level of the ALLL are consistent with changes in these factors. The magnitude of the impact of each of these factors on the qualitative assessment of the ALLL changes from quarter to quarter according to the extent these factors are already reflected in historic loss rates and according to the extent these factors diverge from one another. Also considered is the uncertainty inherent in the estimation process when evaluating the ALLL. WebBank's ALLL decreased $9,623, or 26%, during the year ended December 31, 2020, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in the ALLL during the year ended December 31, 2020 was driven by lower held-to-maturity ("HTM") loan balances, partially offset by an increase due to COVID-19 related qualitative and environmental factors. WebBank continues to monitor the impact of COVID-19 on its loan portfolio and anticipates potential future economic disruption associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company believes there remains a potential for broad negative impact on the macro-economy that may cause estimated credit losses to materially differ from historical loss experience.
Changes in the ALLL are summarized as follows:
Commercial Real Estate Loans Commercial & Industrial Consumer Loans Total
December 31, 2018 $ 26 $ 6,165 $ 11,468 $ 17,659
Charge-offs - (8,667) (17,918) (26,585)
Recoveries 22 461 1,752 2,235
Provision (24) 12,961 30,436 43,373
December 31, 2019 24 10,920 25,738 36,682
Charge-offs - (14,250) (21,042) (35,292)
Recoveries 22 1,313 2,388 3,723
Provision (24) 11,310 10,660 21,946
December 31, 2020 $ 22 $ 9,293 $ 17,744 $ 27,059
The ALLL and outstanding loan balances according to the Company's impairment method are summarized as follows:
December 31, 2020 Commercial Real Estate Loans Commercial & Industrial Consumer Loans Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Individually evaluated for impairment $ 10 $ 129 $ - $ 139
Collectively evaluated for impairment 12 9,164 17,744 26,920
Total $ 22 $ 9,293 $ 17,744 $ 27,059
Outstanding loan balances:
Individually evaluated for impairment $ 10 $ 1,283 $ - $ 1,293
Collectively evaluated for impairment 662 2,278,389 147,652 2,426,703
Total $ 672 $ 2,279,672 $ 147,652 $ 2,427,996
December 31, 2019 Commercial Real Estate Loans Commercial & Industrial Consumer Loans Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Individually evaluated for impairment $ 12 $ 360 $ - $ 372
Collectively evaluated for impairment 12 10,560 25,738 36,310
Total $ 24 $ 10,920 $ 25,738 $ 36,682
Outstanding loan balances:
Individually evaluated for impairment $ 12 $ 2,706 $ - $ 2,718
Collectively evaluated for impairment 647 248,643 302,714 552,004
Total $ 659 $ 251,349 $ 302,714 $ 554,722
Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans
Commercial and industrial loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest were $7,369 and $4,962 at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Consumer loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest were $1,332 and $3,089 at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company did not have any nonaccrual loans at December 31, 2020 or 2019.
Past due loans (accruing and nonaccruing) are summarized as follows:
December 31, 2020 Current 30-89 Days
Past Due 90+ Days
Past Due Total
Past Due Total Loans Recorded
Investment
In Accruing
Loans 90+
Days Past Due Nonaccrual
Loans
That Are
Current (a)
Commercial real estate loans $ 672 $ - $ - $ - $ 672 $ - $ -
Commercial and industrial 2,265,150 7,153 7,369 14,522 2,279,672 7,369 -
Consumer loans 142,418 3,902 1,332 5,234 147,652 1,332 -
Total loans $ 2,408,240 $ 11,055 $ 8,701 $ 19,756 $ 2,427,996 $ 8,701 $ -
December 31, 2019 Current 30-89 Days
Past Due 90+ Days
Past Due Total
Past Due Total Loans Recorded
Investment
In Accruing
Loans 90+
Days Past Due Nonaccrual
Loans
That Are
Current (a)
Commercial real estate loans $ 659 $ - $ - $ - $ 659 $ - $ -
Commercial and industrial 238,025 8,362 4,962 13,324 251,349 4,962 -
Consumer loans 292,394 7,231 3,089 10,320 302,714 3,089 -
Total loans $ 531,078 $ 15,593 $ 8,051 $ 23,644 $ 554,722 $ 8,051 $ -
(a) Represents nonaccrual loans that are not past due more than 30 days; however, full payment of principal and interest is still not expected.
Credit Quality Indicators
In addition to the past due and nonaccrual criteria, loans are analyzed using a loan grading system. Generally, internal grades are assigned to commercial loans based on the performance of the loans, financial/statistical models and loan officer
judgment. For consumer loans and some commercial and industrial loans, the primary credit quality indicator is payment status. Reviews and grading of loans with unpaid principal balances of $100 or more is performed once per year. Grades follow definitions of Pass, Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful, which are consistent with published definitions of regulatory risk classifications. The definitions of Pass, Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful are summarized as follows:
•Pass: An asset in this category is a higher quality asset and does not fit any of the other categories described below. The likelihood of loss is considered remote.
•Special Mention: An asset in this category has a specific weakness or problem but does not currently present a significant risk of loss or default as to any material term of the loan or financing agreement.
•Substandard: An asset in this category has a developing or currently minor weakness or weaknesses that could result in loss or default if deficiencies are not corrected or adverse conditions arise.
•Doubtful: An asset in this category has an existing weakness or weaknesses that have developed into a serious risk of significant loss or default with regard to a material term of the financing agreement.
Outstanding loan balances (accruing and nonaccruing) categorized by these credit quality indicators are summarized as follows:
December 31, 2020 Non - Graded Pass Special
Mention Sub-
standard Doubtful Total Loans
Commercial real estate loans $ - $ 662 $ - $ 10 $ - $ 672
Commercial and industrial 194,338 2,080,623 3,428 1,283 - 2,279,672
Consumer loans 147,652 - - - - 147,652
Total loans $ 341,990 $ 2,081,285 $ 3,428 $ 1,293 $ - $ 2,427,996
December 31, 2019 Non - Graded Pass Special
Mention Sub-
standard Doubtful Total Loans
Commercial real estate loans $ - $ 647 $ - $ 12 $ - $ 659
Commercial and industrial 234,560 14,083 - 2,706 - 251,349
Consumer loans 302,714 - - - - 302,714
Total loans $ 537,274 $ 14,730 $ - $ 2,718 $ - $ 554,722
Impaired Loans
Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that WebBank will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments. When loans are impaired, an estimate of the amount of the balance that is impaired is made and a specific reserve is assigned to the loan based on the estimated present value of the loan's future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, the observable market price of the loan or the fair value of the loan's underlying collateral less the cost to sell. When the impairment is based on the fair value of the loan's underlying collateral, the portion of the balance that is impaired is charged off, such that these loans do not have a specific reserve in the ALLL. Payments received on impaired loans that are accruing are recognized in interest income, according to the contractual loan agreement. WebBank recognized $72 and $158 on impaired loans for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Payments received on impaired loans that are on nonaccrual are not recognized in interest income, but are applied as a reduction to the principal outstanding. Payments are recognized when cash is received. Information on impaired loans is summarized as follows:
Recorded Investment
December 31, 2020 Unpaid Principal
Balance With No
Allowance With
Allowance Total Recorded
Investment Related
Allowance Average Recorded
Investment
Commercial real estate loans $ 10 $ - $ 10 $ 10 $ 10 $ 11
Commercial and industrial 1,283 - 1,283 1,283 129 2,319
Total loans $ 1,293 $ - $ 1,293 $ 1,293 $ 139 $ 2,330
Recorded Investment
December 31, 2019 Unpaid Principal
Balance With No
Allowance With
Allowance Total Recorded
Investment Related
Allowance Average Recorded
Investment
Commercial real estate loans $ 12 $ - $ 12 $ 12 $ 12 $ 14
Commercial and industrial 2,706 - 2,706 2,706 360 2,746
Total loans $ 2,718 $ - $ 2,718 $ 2,718 $ 372 $ 2,760
During the year ended December 31, 2020, WebBank issued loans under the Small Business Administration's ("SBA") Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP"), primarily with one of its lending partners, authorized under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security ("CARES") Act. The loans were funded by the PPP Liquidity Facility, have terms of between 2 and 5 years, and their repayment is guaranteed by the SBA. Payments by borrowers on the loans begin up to 16 months after the note date, and interest will continue to accrue during the 16-month deferment at 1%. Loans can be forgiven in whole or part (up to the full principal and any accrued interest) if certain criteria are met. Loan processing fees paid to WebBank from the SBA are accounted for as loan origination fees. Net deferred fees are recognized over the life of the loan as a yield adjustment on the loans. If a loan is paid off or forgiven by the SBA prior to its maturity date, the remaining unamortized deferred fees will be recognized in interest income at that time. The PPP loans are included in Commercial and industrial loans in the tables above. As of December 31, 2020, the total PPP loans and associated liabilities are $2,047,769 and $2,090,223, respectively, and are included in Long-term loans receivable, net, and Other borrowings, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020. Upon borrower forgiveness, the SBA pays WebBank for the principal and accrued interest owed on the loan. The timing of loan forgiveness is uncertain at this time, but borrower forgiveness applications and SBA processing is expected over the next several quarters. As the PPP continues to evolve, changes to the loan terms and exercise of loan forgiveness may materially impact the outstanding loan balances and the effective yield.
The Company is offering loan modifications to assist borrowers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act along with the interagency statement issued by the federal banking agencies provides that loan modifications made in response to COVID-19 do not need to be accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR"). Accordingly, the Company does not account for such loan modifications as TDRs. The Company's loan modifications allow for payment deferrals, payment reduction, settlements amongst others. At December 31, 2020, the Company had granted loan modifications on $16,089 of loans. The program is ongoing and additional loans continue to be granted modifications. The Company granted approximately $8,848 short-term deferments on loan balances of $16,089, which represent 0.66% of total loan balances as of December 31, 2020. These loan modifications are not classified as TDRs and will not be reported as past due provided that they are performing in accordance with the modified terms.
8. INVENTORIES, NET
A summary of Inventories, net is as follows:
December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Finished products $ 41,894 $ 48,094
In-process 24,590 27,594
Raw materials 39,613 46,440
Fine and fabricated precious metal in various stages of completion 34,269 29,202
140,366 151,330
LIFO reserve (3,280) (2,877)
Total $ 137,086 $ 148,453
Fine and Fabricated Precious Metal Inventory
In order to produce certain of its products, the Company purchases, maintains and utilizes precious metal inventory. The Company records certain precious metal inventory at the lower of LIFO cost or market, with any adjustments recorded through Cost of goods sold. Remaining precious metal inventory is accounted for primarily at fair value.
The Company obtains certain precious metals under a fee consignment agreement. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had approximately $25,919 and $6,880, respectively, of precious metals, principally silver, under consignment, which are recorded at fair value in Inventories, net with a corresponding liability for the same amount included in Accounts payable on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Fees charged under the consignment agreement are recorded in Interest expense in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.
The Company continues to monitor the impact of COVID-19 on our customers and our inventory levels and related reserves.
December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Supplemental inventory information:
Precious metals stated at LIFO cost $ 4,956 $ 16,181
Precious metals stated under non-LIFO cost methods, primarily at fair value $ 26,033 $ 10,144
Market value per ounce:
Silver $ 26.28 $ 17.86
Gold $ 1,891.70 $ 1,522.14
Palladium $ 2,448.54 $ 1,935.19
9. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
A reconciliation of the change in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment is as follows:
Diversified Industrial Energy Financial Services Corporate and Other Total
Balance at December 31, 2019:
Gross goodwill $ 180,855 $ 67,143 $ 6,515 $ 81 $ 254,594
Accumulated impairments (40,178) (64,790) - - (104,968)
Net goodwill 140,677 2,353 6,515 81 149,626
Acquisitions (a)
2,300 - - - 2,300
Impairments (1,100) - - - (1,100)
Currency translation adjustments 26 - - - 26
Balance at December 31, 2020:
Gross goodwill 183,181 67,143 6,515 81 256,920
Accumulated impairments (41,278) (64,790) - - (106,068)
Net goodwill $ 141,903 $ 2,353 $ 6,515 $ 81 $ 150,852
(a) Related to the acquisition of Metallon. See Note 5 - "Acquisitions and Divestitures."
In connection with the Company's annual fourth quarter goodwill impairment testing and as a result of declines in customer demand in the Performance Materials reporting unit, which is included in the Diversified Industrial segment, the Company determined its fair value was less than its carrying value. The Company partially impaired the Performance Materials reporting units' goodwill and recorded a $1,100 charge in Goodwill impairment charges in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020. The fair value of the Performance Materials reporting unit was determined using a discounted cash flow model (a form of the income approach) with consideration of market comparisons. The discounted cash flow model used the Company's projections, which are subject to various risks and uncertainties associated with its forecasted revenue, expenses and cash flows, as well as the expected impact on its business from the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company's significant assumptions in the analysis include, but are not limited to, future cash flow projections, the weighted- average cost of capital, the terminal growth rate and the tax rate. The Company's estimates of future cash flows are based on the current economic environment, recent operating results and planned business strategies. These estimates could be negatively affected by changes in regulations, further economic downturns, decreased customer demand for Performance Materials' products or an inability to execute its business strategies. Future cash flow estimates are, by their nature, subjective, and actual results may differ materially from the Company's estimates. As of December 31, 2020, the Performance Materials' reporting unit had $6,808 of goodwill. While the Performance Materials reporting unit's goodwill was determined not to be fully impaired in the fourth quarter, it may be at risk of further impairment in the future if the business does not perform as projected, including if it does not recover as planned from the COVID-19 pandemic, or if market factors utilized in the impairment test deteriorate, including an unfavorable change in the terminal growth rate or the weighted-average cost of capital.
Diversified Industrial Energy Financial Services Corporate and Other Total
Balance at December 31, 2018:
Gross goodwill $ 179,836 $ 67,143 $ - $ 81 $ 247,060
Accumulated impairments (24,254) (64,790) - - (89,044)
Net goodwill 155,582 2,353 - 81 158,016
Acquisitions (a), (b)
2,403 - 6,515 - 8,918
Impairments (15,924) - - - (15,924)
Currency translation adjustments (1,384) - - - (1,384)
Balance at December 31, 2019:
Gross goodwill 180,855 67,143 6,515 81 254,594
Accumulated impairments (40,178) (64,790) - - (104,968)
Net goodwill $ 140,677 $ 2,353 $ 6,515 $ 81 $ 149,626
(a) Diversified Industrial - Purchase price adjustments related to the 2018 Dunmore acquisition.
(b) Financial Services - Goodwill related to the National Partners acquisition.
As a result of declines in customer demand and the performance of the Packaging reporting unit, which is included in the Diversified Industrial segment, the Company determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the Packaging reporting unit was below its carrying amount as of September 30, 2019. Accordingly, the Company performed an assessment using a discounted cash flow method with consideration of market comparisons and determined that the fair value of the Packaging reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. The Company fully impaired the Packaging reporting units' goodwill as of September 30, 2019 and recorded a $15,924 charge in Goodwill impairment charges in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019.
A summary of Other intangible assets, net is as follows:
December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net
Customer relationships $ 213,984 $ 122,785 $ 91,199 $ 216,428 $ 109,701 $ 106,727
Trademarks, trade names and brand names
51,189 20,209 30,980 51,414 18,469 32,945
Developed technology, patents and patent applications
32,319 19,724 12,595 31,984 17,176 14,808
Other
18,777 14,970 3,807 17,963 13,850 4,113
Total $ 316,269 $ 177,688 $ 138,581 $ 317,789 $ 159,196 $ 158,593
Trademarks with indefinite lives as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 were $11,405 and $11,320, respectively. Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $20,750 and $21,561 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The estimated amortization expense for each of the five succeeding years and thereafter is as follows:
Year Ending December 31,
2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Thereafter
Estimated amortization expense $ 20,106 $ 17,887 $ 16,891 $ 16,317 $ 14,902 $ 41,073
10. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET
A summary of property, plant and equipment, net is as follows:
December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Land $ 15,888 $ 16,251
Buildings and improvements 83,709 81,386
Machinery, equipment and other 427,733 403,030
Construction in progress 9,864 16,452
537,194 517,119
Accumulated depreciation (308,202) (266,986)
Property, plant and equipment, net $ 228,992 $ 250,133
Depreciation expense was $44,583 and $44,619 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
In March 2021, the Joining Materials business sold an idle facility in Toronto, Canada for $9.2 million CDN.
11. INVESTMENTS
Short-Term Investments
The Company's short-term investments primarily consist of its marketable securities portfolio. The classification of marketable securities as a current asset is based on the intended holding period and realizability of the investments. The investments are carried at fair value and totaled $106 and $220 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Unrealized losses on short-term investments totaled $70 and $501 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Long-Term Investments
The following table summarizes the Company's long-term investments as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:
Ownership % Long-Term Investments Balance
December 31, December 31,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Corporate securities (a)
$ 210,538 $ 186,777
Collateralized debt securities 450 855
Steel Connect, Inc. ("STCN") convertible notes (b)
14,258 11,839
STCN preferred stock (c)
32,832 39,178
STCN common stock 29.0 % 29.4 % 14,309 26,547
Aviat Networks, Inc. ("Aviat") common stock (d)
10.1 % 12.4 % 18,910 9,417
Other - % 43.8 % - 1,223
Total $ 291,297 $ 275,836
(a) Corporate securities primarily include the Company's investments in the common stock of Aerojet Rocketdyne Holdings, Inc. ("Aerojet"). The Company owned 5.1% and 5.0% of Aerojet common stock as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The fair value of the investment in Aerojet was $208,758 and $180,357 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Gross unrealized gains for all Corporate securities totaled $197,657 and $128,282 at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
(b) Represents investment in STCN convertible notes, which the Company accounts for under the fair value option with changes in fair value recognized in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. The convertible notes outstanding as of December 31, 2018 matured on March 1, 2019. The Company entered into a new convertible note with STCN ("New Note") on February 28, 2019, which matures on March 1, 2024. The cost basis of the New Note totaled $14,943 as of both December 31, 2020 and 2019. The New Note is convertible into shares of STCN's common stock at an initial conversion rate of 421.2655 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the New Note (which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $2.37 per share), subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events. The New Notes, if converted as of December 31, 2020, when combined with STCN common and preferred shares, also if converted, owned by the Company, would result in the Company having a direct interest of approximately 48.7% of STCN's outstanding shares.
(c) Represents investment in shares of STCN preferred stock which the Company accounts for under the fair value option with changes in fair value recognized in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. The investment in STCN preferred stock had a cost basis of $35,688 as of both December 31, 2020 and 2019. Each share of preferred stock can be converted into shares of STCN's common stock at an initial conversion price equal to $1.96 per share, subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events.
(d) In January and February of 2021, the Company sold its remaining ownership interest in Aviat for total proceeds of approximately $24,100.
Loss of Associated Companies, Net of Taxes
Year Ended December 31, 2020
2020 2019
STCN convertible notes $ (2,418) $ 3,104
STCN preferred stock 6,401 876
STCN common stock 10,747 4,404
Aviat common stock (10,485) (341)
Other equity method investments (459) -
Total $ 3,786 $ 8,043
The amount of unrealized gains (losses) that relate to equity securities still held as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Net gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity securities $ 25,643 $ 47,315
Less: Net (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity securities sold during the period (1,102) (18,666)
Unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity securities still held at the end of the period $ 26,745 $ 65,981
Equity Method Investments
The Company's investments in associated companies are accounted for under the equity method of accounting using the fair value option. Associated companies are included in the Corporate and Other segment. Certain associated companies have a
fiscal year end that differs from December 31. Additional information for SPLP's significant investments in associated companies is as follows:
•STCN is a publicly-traded diversified holding company with two wholly-owned subsidiaries, IWCO Direct Holdings, Inc. ("IWCO") and ModusLink Corporation ("ModusLink"). IWCO delivers data-driven marketing solutions for its customers that offer a full range of services including strategy, creative and execution for omnichannel marketing campaigns, along with postal logistics programs for direct mail. ModusLink is a supply chain business process management company serving clients in markets such as consumer electronics, communications, computing, medical devices, software and retail.
•Aviat designs, manufactures and sells a range of wireless networking solutions and services to mobile and fixed telephone service providers, private network operators, government agencies, transportation and utility companies, public safety agencies and broadcast system operators across the globe.
The following summary statement of operations amounts are for STCN as of July 31, 2020 and 2019, and for the years then ended, which are STCN's nearest corresponding full fiscal years to the Company's fiscal years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively:
Year Ended July 31,
2020 2019
Summary operating results:
Revenue $ 782,813 $ 819,830
Gross profit $ 162,959 $ 149,730
Net loss $ (5,284) $ (66,727)
Other Investments
WebBank has HTM debt securities which are carried at amortized cost and included in Other non-current assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The amount and contractual maturities of HTM debt securities are noted in the tables below. Actual maturities may differ from expected or contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties. The securities are collateralized by unsecured consumer loans.
December 31, 2020
Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains (Losses) Estimated Fair Value Carrying Value
Collateralized securities $ 16,868 $ 109 $ 16,977 $ 16,868
Contractual maturities within:
One year to five years 7,563
Five years to ten years 7,193
After ten years 2,112
Total $ 16,868
December 31, 2019
Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains (Losses) Estimated Fair Value Carrying Value
Collateralized securities $ 37,896 $ (3) $ 37,893 $ 37,896
Contractual maturities within:
One year to five years 23,339
Five years to ten years 12,373
After ten years 2,184
Total $ 37,896
WebBank regularly evaluates each HTM debt security whose value has declined below amortized cost to assess whether the decline in fair value is other-than-temporary. If there is an other-than-temporary impairment in the fair value of any individual security classified as HTM, WebBank writes down the security to fair value with a corresponding credit loss portion charged to earnings, and the non-credit portion charged to AOCI.
12. DEPOSITS
A summary of WebBank deposits is as follows:
December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Time deposits year of maturity:
2020 $ - $ 362,224
2021 138,021 109,111
2022 51,848 26,873
2023 15,094 -
2024 3,324 3,238
2025 - -
Total time deposits 208,287 501,446
Savings deposits 147,372 253,271
Total deposits (a)
$ 355,659 $ 754,717
Current $ 285,393 $ 615,495
Long-term 70,266 139,222
Total deposits $ 355,659 $ 754,717
(a) WebBank has $5,378 of time deposits with balances greater than $250. The carrying value is considered to be representative of fair value because the rates of interest are not significantly different from market interest rates for instruments with similar maturities. The fair value of deposits was $357,616 and $756,968 at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
13. DEBT
The components of debt and a reconciliation to the carrying amount of long-term debt is presented in the table below:
December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Short-term debt:
Foreign $ 397 $ 1,800
Short-term debt 397 1,800
Long-term debt:
Credit Agreement 332,350 330,700
Other debt - foreign 230 444
Other debt - domestic 1,173 5,145
Subtotal 333,753 336,289
Less portion due within one year 10,361 14,208
Long-term debt 323,392 322,081
Total debt $ 334,150 $ 338,089
Long-term debt as of December 31, 2020 matures in each of the next five years as follows:
Total 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Thereafter
Long-term debt $ 333,753 $ 10,361 $ 323,392 $ - $ - $ - $ -
As of December 31, 2020, the Company's senior credit agreement, as amended ("Credit Agreement"), includes a revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $500,000 and a $182,500 term loan. The Credit Agreement covers substantially all of the Company's subsidiaries, with the exception of WebBank, and includes a $55,000 sub-facility for swing line loans and a $50,000 sub-facility for standby letters of credit. The term loan requires quarterly amortization equating to $2,500 per quarter. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest, at the borrower's option, at annual rates of either the Base Rate or the Euro-Rate, as defined, plus an applicable margin as set forth in the Credit Agreement (1.00% and 2.00%, respectively, for Base Rate and Euro-Rate borrowings at December 31, 2020), and the Credit Agreement provides for a commitment fee to be paid on unused borrowings. The weighted-average interest rate on the Credit Agreement was 2.18% at December 31, 2020. At December 31, 2020, letters of credit totaling $9,467 had been issued under the Credit Agreement, including $3,166 of the letters of credit guaranteeing various insurance activities, and $6,301 for environmental and other matters. The Credit Agreement permits SPLP, the parent, to fund the dividends on its preferred units and its routine corporate expenses. The Company's total availability under the Credit Agreement, which is based upon earnings and certain covenants as described in the Credit Agreement, was approximately $336,289 as of December 31, 2020.
On November 14, 2022, the Credit Agreement will expire and all outstanding amounts will be due and payable. The Credit Agreement is guaranteed by substantially all existing and thereafter acquired assets of the borrowers and the guarantors,
as defined in the agreement, and a pledge of all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each of the borrowers' and guarantors' subsidiaries, and is fully guaranteed by the guarantors. The Credit Agreement is subject to certain mandatory prepayment provisions and restrictive and financial covenants, which include a maximum ratio limit on Total Leverage and a minimum ratio limit on Interest Coverage, each as defined. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants as of December 31, 2020.
14. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
WebBank - Economic Interests in Loans
WebBank's derivative financial instruments represent on-going economic interests in loans made after they are sold. These derivatives are carried at fair value on a gross basis in Other non-current assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheets and are classified within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy (see Note 19 - "Fair Value Measurements"). As of December 31, 2020, outstanding derivatives mature within 3 to 5 years. Gains and losses resulting from changes in the fair value of derivative instruments are accounted for in the Company's consolidated statements of operations in Financial Services revenue. Fair value represents the estimated amounts that WebBank would receive or pay to terminate the contracts at the reporting date based on a discounted cash flow basis for the same or similar instruments. WebBank does not enter into derivative contracts for speculative or trading purposes.
Precious Metal and Commodity Inventories
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had the following outstanding forward contracts with settlement dates through January 2021. There were no futures contracts outstanding at December 31, 2020.
Commodity Amount Notional Value
Silver 88,024 ounces
$ 2,267
Gold 1,397 ounces
$ 2,620
Palladium 822 ounces
$ 1,926
Copper 310,000 pounds
$ 1,088
Tin 13 metric tons
$ 191
Of the total forward contracts outstanding, 5,601 ounces of silver and all the of the copper contracts are designated and accounted for as fair value hedges and are associated primarily with the Company's precious metal inventory carried at fair value. The remaining outstanding forward contracts for silver, and all the contracts for gold, palladium and tin, are accounted for as economic hedges.
The forward contracts were made with a counterparty rated Aa2 by Moody's. Accordingly, the Company has determined that there is minimal credit risk of default. The Company estimates the fair value of its derivative contracts through the use of market quotes or with the assistance of brokers when market information is not available. The Company maintains collateral on account with the third-party broker, which varies in amount depending on the value of open contracts.
The fair value and carrying amount of derivative instruments on the Company's consolidated balance sheets are as follows:
Fair Value of Derivative Assets (Liabilities)
December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
Balance Sheet Location Fair Value Balance Sheet Location Fair Value
Derivatives designated as ASC 815 hedges
Commodity contracts
Accrued liabilities $ (6) Accrued liabilities $ (46)
Derivatives not designated as ASC 815 hedges
Commodity contracts
Accrued liabilities $ (163) Accrued liabilities $ (335)
Economic interests in loans Other non-current assets $ 11,599 Other non-current assets $ 18,633
The effect of cash flow hedge accounting for foreign currency forward contracts on AOCI for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 are not material. The effects of fair value and cash flow hedge accounting in the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 are not material.
The effects of derivatives not designated as ASC 815 hedging instruments in the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
Year Ended December 31,
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income 2020 2019
Commodity contracts Other (expense) income, net $ (1,782) $ (1,695)
Foreign exchange forward contracts Revenue/Cost of goods sold - 228
Economic interests in loans Revenue 5,657 14,801
Total derivatives $ 3,875 $ 13,334
Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk
WebBank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk. In the normal course of business, these financial instruments include commitments to extend credit in the form of loans as part of WebBank's lending arrangements. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized on the consolidated balance sheets. The contractual amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of involvement WebBank has in particular classes of financial instruments.
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, WebBank's undisbursed loan commitments totaled $170,611 and $125,861, respectively. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a borrower who meets the lending criteria through one of WebBank's lending agreements, provided there is no violation of any condition established in the contract with the counterparty to the lending arrangement.
Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since certain of the commitments are expected to expire without the credit being extended, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. WebBank evaluates each prospective borrower's credit worthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by WebBank upon extension of credit, is based on management's credit evaluation of the borrower and WebBank's counterparty.
WebBank's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. WebBank uses the same credit policy in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.
15. PENSION AND OTHER POST-RETIREMENT BENEFITS
The Company's significant pension plans are discussed below. The Company's other pension and post-retirement benefit plans are not significant individually or in the aggregate.
The Company's subsidiary, Handy & Harman Ltd. ("HNH") and its subsidiary, Handy & Harman ("H&H"), sponsor a defined benefit pension plan, the WHX Pension Plan, covering many of H&H's employees and certain employees of H&H's former subsidiary, Wheeling-Pittsburgh Corporation ("WPC"). The WHX Pension Plan was established in May 1998 as a result of the merger of the former H&H plans, which covered substantially all H&H employees, and the WPC plan. The WPC plan, covering most United Steel Workers of America-represented employees of WPC, was created pursuant to a collective bargaining agreement ratified on August 12, 1997. Prior to that date, benefits were provided through a defined contribution plan, the Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Corporation Retirement Security Plan ("RSP Plan"). The assets of the RSP Plan were merged into the WPC plan as of December 1, 1997. Under the terms of the WHX Pension Plan, the benefit formula and provisions for the WPC and H&H participants continued as they were designed under each of the respective plans prior to the merger.
The qualified pension benefits under the WHX Pension Plan were frozen as of December 31, 2005 and April 30, 2006 for hourly and salaried non-bargaining participants, respectively, with the exception of a single operating unit. In 2011, the benefits were frozen for the remainder of the participants. WPC employees ceased to be active participants in the WHX Pension Plan effective July 31, 2003, and as a result, such employees no longer accrue benefits under the WHX Pension Plan.
HNH's subsidiary, JPS Industries Holdings LLC ("JPS"), sponsors a defined benefit pension plan ("JPS Pension Plan"). Under the JPS Pension Plan, substantially all JPS employees who were employed prior to April 1, 2005 have benefits. The JPS Pension Plan was frozen effective December 31, 2005. Employees no longer earned additional benefits after that date. Benefits earned prior to December 31, 2005 will be paid out to eligible participants following retirement. The JPS Pension Plan was "unfrozen" for employees who were active employees on or after June 1, 2012. This new benefit, calculated based on years of service and a capped average salary, will be added to the amount of any pre-2005 benefit. The JPS Pension Plan was again
frozen for all future accruals effective December 31, 2015, although unvested participants may still vest in accrued but unvested benefits.
Pension benefits under the WHX Pension Plan are based on years of service and the amount of compensation earned during the participants' employment. However, as noted above, the qualified pension benefits have been frozen for all participants.
Pension benefits for the WPC bargained participants include both defined benefit and defined contribution features, since the plan includes the account balances from the RSP Plan. The gross benefit, before offsets, is calculated based on years of service and the benefit multiplier under the plan. The net defined benefit pension plan benefit is the gross amount offset for the benefits payable from the RSP Plan and benefits payable by the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation from previously terminated plans. Individual employee accounts established under the RSP Plan are maintained until retirement. Upon retirement, participants who are eligible for the WHX Pension Plan and maintain RSP Plan account balances will normally receive benefits from the WHX Pension Plan. When these participants become eligible for benefits under the WHX Pension Plan, their vested balances in the RSP Plan become assets of the WHX Pension Plan. Although these RSP Plan assets cannot be used to fund any of the net benefit that is the basis for determining the defined benefit plan's net benefit obligation at the end of the year, the Company has included the amount of the RSP Plan accounts of $13,509 and $15,318 on a gross-basis as both assets and liabilities of the plan as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
On December 30, 2016, the WHX Pension Plan was split into two plans by spinning off certain plan participants with smaller benefit obligations (which in the aggregate were equal to approximately 3.0% of the assets of the WHX Pension Plan), and assets equal thereto, to a new separate plan, the WHX Pension Plan II. The benefits of participants under the WHX Pension Plan II are equal to their accrued benefits under the benefit formula that was applicable to each participant under the WHX Pension Plan at the time of the plan spin-off. The total benefit liabilities of the two plans after the spin-off were equal to the benefit liabilities of the WHX Pension Plan immediately before the spin-off, and under the applicable spin-off rules, the WHX Pension Plan II was considered fully funded as of the date of the spin-off.
HNH is a wholly owned subsidiary of Steel Excel, Inc. ("Steel Excel") and is within Steel Excel's controlled group of companies. Steel Excel assumed sponsorship of the API Foils North America Pension Plan (the "API Plan") as part of Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings involving the API Plan's previous plan sponsor API Americas Inc. (formerly known as API Foils, Inc.) that were initiated on February 2, 2020. The API Plan is a defined benefit pension plan providing benefits based on final pensionable earnings, as defined in the API Plan, funded by the payment of contributions to a separately administered trust fund. Benefits under the API Plan were frozen, and the plan was closed to new participants in December 2008.
Effective December 31, 2020, the WHX Pension Plan was merged with and into the API Foils North America Pension Plan, and all participants of both former plans are now participants of the merged plan. The resulting merged plan was renamed the WHX & API Foils Pension Plan ("WHX & API Plan"), and the plan sponsor of that surviving merged plan remains Steel Excel.
Net actuarial losses are being amortized over the average future lifetime of the participants for the WHX & API Plan and the WHX Pension Plan II, which is expected to be approximately 16 years and 12 years, respectively. The JPS Plan's net actuarial losses are also amortized over the average future lifetime of the population. The Company believes that use of the future lifetime of the participants is appropriate because the plans are inactive.
The following table presents the components of pension expense for the Company's pension plans:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Interest cost $ 13,282 $ 18,070
Expected return on plan assets (21,585) (20,039)
Amortization of actuarial loss and prior service credit 11,479 10,237
Settlement/curtailment 336 79
Total $ 3,512 $ 8,347
Pension expense is included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.
Actuarial assumptions used to develop the components of pension expense were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Weighted-average discount rate 3.04 % 4.10 %
Weighted-average expected long-term rate of return on plan assets 6.50 % 6.50 %
Summarized below is a reconciliation of the funded status for the Company's qualified defined benefit pension plans:
December 31,
2020 2019
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at January 1 $ 529,846 $ 502,423
Interest cost 13,282 18,070
Actuarial loss 39,824 50,190
Settlement/curtailment - (395)
Benefits paid (41,044) (40,442)
Benefit obligation at December 31 541,908 529,846
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at January 1 345,707 311,047
Actual returns on plan assets 49,496 41,858
Benefits paid (41,044) (40,442)
Company contributions 8,468 33,639
Settlement/curtailment - (395)
Fair value of plan assets at December 31 362,627 345,707
Funded status $ (179,281) $ (184,139)
Amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets:
Non-current liability $ (179,281) $ (184,139)
Total $ (179,281) $ (184,139)
The table below summarizes the weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Weighted-average discount rate 2.15 % 3.04 %
Pretax amounts included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss are as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Net actuarial loss $ 239,305 $ 239,208
Accumulated other comprehensive loss $ 239,305 $ 239,208
The pretax amount of actuarial losses included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2020 that is expected to be recognized in net periodic benefit cost in 2021 is $11,777.
Other pretax changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Current year actuarial loss $ (11,912) $ (27,379)
Amortization of actuarial loss 11,815 10,154
Total recognized in comprehensive (loss) income $ (97) $ (17,225)
Benefit obligations were in excess of plan assets for each of the pension plans at both December 31, 2020 and 2019. Additional information for the plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets follows:
December 31,
2020 2019
Projected benefit obligation $ 541,908 $ 529,846
Accumulated benefit obligation $ 541,908 $ 529,846
Fair value of plan assets $ 362,627 $ 345,707
In determining the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, the Company evaluated input from various investment professionals. In addition, the Company considered its historical compound returns, as well as the Company's forward-looking expectations. The Company determines its actuarial assumptions for its pension plans each year to calculate liability information as of December 31, and pension expense or income for the following year. The discount rate assumption is derived from the rate of return on high-quality bonds as of December 31 of each year.
The Company's investment policy is to maximize the total rate of return with a view to long-term funding objectives of the pension plans to ensure that funds are available to meet benefit obligations when due. Pension plan assets are diversified to the extent necessary to minimize risk and to achieve an optimal balance between risk and return. There are no target allocations. Pension plans' assets are diversified as to type of assets, investment strategies employed and number of investment managers used. Investments may include equities, fixed income, cash equivalents, convertible securities and private investment funds. Derivatives may be used as part of the investment strategy. The Company may direct the transfer of assets between investment managers in order to rebalance the portfolio in accordance with asset allocation guidelines established by the Company.
The table below presents the fair value of the Company's plan assets by asset category segregated by level within the fair value hierarchy, as follows:
Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2020
Asset Class Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Equity securities:
U.S. mid-cap $ 32,181 $ - $ - $ 32,181
U.S. and international large-cap 114,658 - - 114,658
U.S. and international small-cap 4,184 - - 4,184
Fixed income securities 1,556 - - 1,556
Mortgage backed securities - 10,488 - 10,488
U.S. Government debt securities - 9,836 - 9,836
Corporate bonds and loans 7,355 20,056 - 27,411
Convertible promissory notes - - 10,330 10,330
Stock warrants and private company common stock - - 2,433 2,433
Subtotal $ 159,934 $ 40,380 $ 12,763 213,077
Pension assets measured at net asset value (1)
Hedge funds and hedge fund-related strategies 101,886
Private equity 27,680
Insurance separate account 13,735
Pool separate account 1,592
Total pension assets measured at net asset value 144,893
Cash and cash equivalents 10,677
Net payables (6,020)
Total pension assets $ 362,627
Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2019
Asset Class Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Equity securities:
U.S. mid-cap $ 28,729 $ - $ - $ 28,729
U.S. and international large-cap 92,725 - - 92,725
U.S. small-cap 1,252 - - 1,252
Fixed income securities 1,823 - - 1,823
Foreign exchange contracts - 78 - 78
Mortgage and other asset-backed securities - 11,870 - 11,870
U.S. Government debt securities - 8,831 - 8,831
Corporate bonds and loans - 33,084 - 33,084
Convertible promissory notes - - 6,702 6,702
Stock warrants and private company common stock - - 1,693 1,693
Subtotal $ 124,529 $ 53,863 $ 8,395 186,787
Pension assets measured at net asset value (1)
Hedge funds and hedge fund-related strategies 108,743
Private equity 24,347
Insurance separate account 13,464
Pool separate account 2,603
Total pension assets measured at net asset value 149,157
Cash and cash equivalents 11,790
Net payables (2,027)
Total pension assets $ 345,707
(1) Certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.
During 2020, the changes to the pension plans' Level 3 assets were as follows:
Year Ended December 31, 2020 Convertible Promissory Notes Stock Warrants Private Company Common Stock Total
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2020 $ 6,702 $ 643 $ 1,050 $ 8,395
Gains or losses included in changes in net assets 2,128 390 350 2,868
Purchases 1,500 - - 1,500
Ending balance as of December 31, 2020 $ 10,330 $ 1,033 $ 1,400 $ 12,763
During 2019, the changes to the pension plans' Level 3 assets were as follows:
Year Ended December 31, 2019 Convertible Promissory Notes Stock Warrants Private Company Common Stock Total
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2019 $ 4,202 $ 193 $ 1,050 $ 5,445
Purchases 2,500 450 - 2,950
Ending balance as of December 31, 2019 $ 6,702 $ 643 $ 1,050 $ 8,395
The Company's policy is to recognize transfers in and transfers out of Level 3 as of the date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer. During 2020 and 2019, there was no transfer in or transfer out of Level 3.
The following tables present the category, fair value, unfunded commitments, redemption frequency and redemption notice period of those assets for which fair value was estimated using the net asset value per share (or its equivalents), as well as plan assets which have redemption notice periods, as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:
Class Name Fair Value December 31, 2020 Unfunded Commitments Redemption Frequency Redemption Notice Period
Hedge funds $ 101,886 $ 20,581 (1) 60 - 180 days
Private equity 27,680 8,751 (2) (2)
Insurance separate account 13,735 - (3) (3)
Pooled separate account 1,592 - Daily None
Class Name Fair Value December 31, 2019 Unfunded Commitments Redemption Frequency Redemption Notice Period
Hedge funds $ 108,743 $ 20,581 (1) 60 - 180 days
Private equity 24,347 14,417 (2) (2)
Insurance separate account 13,464 - (3) (3)
Pooled separate account 2,603 - Daily None
(1) Various. Includes funds with monthly, quarterly and annual redemption frequencies, redemption windows of 1 to 5 years following the anniversary of the initial investments, limited redemptions of 25% per quarter to 20% per annum, as well as subject to 10% holdback.
(2) Voluntary withdrawals are not permitted. The funds have various durations from 3 to 11 years.
(3) Except for benefit payments to participants and beneficiaries and related expenses, withdrawals are restricted for substantially all of the assets in the account, as defined in the contract. However, a suspension or transfer can be requested with 30 days' notice.
Hedge Funds and Hedge Fund-Related Strategies. The strategies include U.S. and international equity, event driven, value driven and long-term capital growth.
Private Equity. The strategies include growth and value oriented private companies and investment funds, as well as asset and revenue based lending.
Insurance Separate Account. The JPS Pension Plan holds a deposit administration group annuity contract with an immediate participation guarantee from Transamerica Life Insurance Company ("TFLIC"). The TFLIC contract unconditionally guarantees benefits to certain salaried JPS Pension Plan participants earned through June 30, 1984 in the plan of a predecessor employer. The assets deposited under the contract are held in a separate custodial account ("TFLIC Assets"). If the TFLIC Assets decrease to the level of the trigger point (as defined in the contract), which represents the guaranteed benefit obligation representing the accumulated plan benefits as of June 30, 1984, TFLIC has the right to cause annuities to be purchased for the individuals covered by these contract agreements.
Contributions
Employer contributions consist of funds paid from employer assets into a qualified pension trust account. The Company's funding policy is to contribute annually an amount that satisfies the minimum funding standards of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act.
For the year ending December 31, 2021, the Company currently estimates it will contribute between $41,700 and $46,700 to its pension plans, which includes 2020 contributions of $27,400 that were deferred until January 4, 2021 under the CARES Act. The final amount of pension contributions to be made by the Company in 2021 is dependent on the Company's election of various implementation options provided to it by the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, which was signed into law by President Biden in March 2021. Required future pension contributions are estimated based upon assumptions such as discount rates on future obligations, assumed rates of return on plan assets and legislative changes. Actual future pension costs and required funding obligations will be affected by changes in the factors and assumptions described in the previous sentence, including the impact of declines in pension plan assets and interest rates, as well as other changes such as any plan termination or other acceleration events.
Benefit Payments
Estimated future benefit payments for the pension plans are as follows:
Years Pension Benefit
Payments
2021 $ 40,916
2022 39,661
2023 38,569
2024 37,189
2025 36,102
2026-2030 158,840
16. CAPITAL AND ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had 22,920,804 Class A units (regular common units) outstanding.
Common Unit Repurchase Program
The Board of Directors has approved the repurchase of up to an aggregate of 5,500,000 of the Company's common units ("Repurchase Program"), which is inclusive of 2,500,000 common units approved in December 2020. The Repurchase Program supersedes and cancels, to the extent any amounts remain available, all previously approved repurchase programs. Any purchases made under the Repurchase Program will be made from time to time on the open market at prevailing market prices or in negotiated transactions off the market, in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. In connection with the Repurchase Program, the Company may enter into a stock purchase plan. The Repurchase Program has no termination date. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company purchased 2,268,771 common units for an aggregate purchase price of $20,464. Since inception of the Repurchase Program, the Company has purchased 4,357,948 common units for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $54,345. As of December 31, 2020, there remained 1,142,052 units that may yet be purchased under the Repurchase Program.
Incentive Award Plan
The Company's 2018 Incentive Award Plan ("2018 Plan") provides equity-based compensation through the grant of options to purchase the Company's limited partnership units, unit appreciation rights, restricted units, phantom units, substitute awards, performance awards, other unit-based awards, and includes, as appropriate, any tandem distribution equivalent rights granted with respect to an award (collectively, "LP Units"). On May 18, 2020, the Company's unitholders approved the Amended and Restated 2018 Incentive Award Plan, which increased the number of LP Units issuable under the 2018 Plan by 500,000 to a total of 1,000,000 LP Units. In 2019, 207,499 restricted units were granted under the 2018 Plan. The grants have vesting periods that range from three to ten years from the date of grant. The Company granted 240,900 restricted units on September 1, 2020 under the 2018 Plan. The grants have cliff vesting periods that range from two to three years from the date of grant. As of December 31, 2020, total unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted units were $2,408 and are expected to be recognized over a weighted average remaining period of 3.4 years.
Preferred Units
The Company's 6.0% Series A preferred units, no par value ("SPLP Preferred Units") entitle the holders to a cumulative quarterly cash or in-kind (or a combination thereof) distribution. The Company declared cash distributions of approximately $7,541 and $11,891 to preferred unitholders for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company declared an in-kind distribution of approximately $2,371 to preferred unitholders for the three months ended June 30, 2020. The SPLP Preferred Units have a term of nine years, ending February 2026, and are redeemable at any time at the Company's option at a $25 liquidation value per unit, plus any accrued and unpaid distributions (payable in cash or SPLP common units, or a combination of both, at the Company's discretion). If redeemed in common units, the number of common units to be issued will be equal to the liquidation value per unit divided by the volume weighted-average price of the common units for 60 days prior to the redemption. On February 6, 2020 ("Redemption Date"), the Company redeemed 1,600,000 units of the SPLP Preferred Units at a price equal to $25 per unit, plus an amount of $0.22 per unit, equal to any accumulated and unpaid distributions up to, but excluding, the Redemption Date, for a total payment of approximately $40,400.
The SPLP Preferred Units have no voting rights, except that holders of the preferred units have certain voting rights in limited circumstances relating to the election of directors following the failure to pay six quarterly distributions. The SPLP Preferred Units are recorded as a non-current liability, including accrued interest expense, on the Company's consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 because they have an unconditional obligation to be redeemed for cash or by issuing a variable number of SPLP common units for a monetary value that is fixed and known at inception. Because the SPLP Preferred Units are classified as a liability, distributions thereon are recorded as a component of Interest expense in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2020, there were 6,422,128 SPLP Preferred Units outstanding, and as of December 31, 2019, there were 7,927,288 SPLP Preferred Units outstanding.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Changes, net of tax, in AOCI are as follows:
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities
Unrealized (loss) gain on derivative financial instruments Cumulative translation adjustments Change in net pension and other benefit obligations
Total
Balance at December 31, 2018 $ (274) $ (277) $ (23,476) $ (152,436) $ (176,463)
Net other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common unitholders (a)
- 263 (1,690) (13,532) (14,959)
Balance at December 31, 2019 (274) (14) (25,166) (165,968) (191,422)
Net other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common unitholders (a)
- - 1,816 (524) 1,292
Deconsolidation of API (see Note 6) - 14 10,522 6,945 17,481
Balance at December 31, 2020 $ (274) $ - $ (12,828) $ (159,547) $ (172,649)
(a) Net of tax benefit of approximately $23 and $4,292 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, principally related to changes in pension liabilities and other post-retirement benefit obligations.
Incentive Unit Expense
SPLP has issued to the Manager partnership profits interests in the form of incentive units, a portion of which will be classified as Class C common units of SPLP upon the attainment of certain specified performance goals by SPLP, which are determined as of the last day of each fiscal year. If the performance goals are not met for a fiscal year, no portion of the incentive units will be classified as Class C common units for that year. The number of outstanding incentive units is equal to 100% of the common units outstanding, including common units held by non-wholly-owned subsidiaries. The performance goals and expense related to the classification of a portion of the incentive units as Class C units is measured on an annual basis, but is accrued on a quarterly basis. Accordingly, the expense accrued is adjusted to reflect the fair value of the Class C common units on each interim calculation date. In the event the cumulative incentive unit expense calculated quarterly or for the full year is an amount less than the total previously accrued, the Company records a negative incentive unit expense in the quarter when such over accrual is determined. The expense is recorded in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. The Company recorded $0 of incentive unit expense for both of the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
17. INCOME TAXES
Details of the Company's tax provision (benefit) are as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Income before income taxes and equity method investments
Domestic $ 116,867 $ 95,871
Foreign 8,532 6,206
Total $ 125,399 $ 102,077
Income taxes:
Current:
Federal $ 5,411 $ (2,005)
State 7,193 3,622
Foreign 3,205 2,292
Total income taxes, current 15,809 3,909
Deferred:
Federal 16,006 11,595
State 6,446 (949)
Foreign (125) 8
Total income taxes, deferred 22,327 10,654
Income tax provision $ 38,136 $ 14,563
The following is a reconciliation of the income tax provision computed at the federal statutory rate of 21 percent to the actual income tax rate are as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Income before income taxes and equity method investments $ 125,399 $ 102,077
Federal income tax provision at statutory rate $ 26,334 $ 21,436
Loss passed through to common unitholders (a)
3,503 7,005
29,837 28,441
State income taxes, net of federal effect 11,317 6,627
Change in valuation allowance 2,477 (14,525)
Foreign tax rate differences (993) 1,034
Uncertain tax positions (982) 111
Federal and state audits (33) (512)
Impairment-related adjustments 231 (8,642)
NOL carryback - rate differential
(1,371) -
Permanent differences and other (2,347) 2,029
Income tax provision $ 38,136 $ 14,563
(a) Represents taxes at statutory rate on losses for which no tax benefit is recognizable by SPLP and certain of its subsidiaries which are taxed as pass-through entities. Such losses are allocable directly to SPLP's unitholders and taxed when realized.
The CARES Act made tax law changes to provide financial relief to companies as a result of business impacts of COVID-19. The CARES Act contains modifications on the limitation of business interest for tax years beginning in 2019 and 2020. The modifications to Section 163(j) of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act increase the allowable business interest deduction from 30% of adjusted taxable income to 50% of adjusted taxable income. This modification would increase the allowable interest expense deduction of the Company and result in less taxable income. As a result of the CARES Act, it is anticipated that the Company will fully utilize all interest expense for the year ending December 31, 2020. The CARES Act, among other things, permits U.S. net operating loss ("NOL") carryovers and carrybacks to offset 100% of taxable income for taxable years beginning before 2021. In addition, the CARES Act allows NOLs incurred in 2018, 2019 and 2020 to be carried back to each of the five preceding taxable years to generate a refund of previously paid income taxes. The Company is expecting certain subsidiaries to generate a net operating loss in 2020 and expects to carry back the loss to 2015. The Company has recognized a benefit of $3,426 for the anticipated refund. This refund is recorded in income taxes receivable on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020. The Company is electing to take the available relief under the CARES Act to defer payment of certain payroll taxes. The Company has deferred approximately $7,618 of payroll taxes as of December 31 2020.
Deferred income taxes result from temporary differences in the financial basis and tax basis of assets and liabilities. The amounts shown on the following table represent the tax effect of temporary differences between the consolidated tax return basis of assets and liabilities and the corresponding basis for financial reporting, as well as tax credit and operating loss carryforwards.
The effects of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax assets and liabilities are presented as follows:
December 31,
2020 2019
Deferred Tax Assets:
Operating loss carryforwards (a)
$ 91,671 $ 111,128
Postretirement and postemployment employee benefits 45,621 45,007
Tax credit carryforwards 6,577 9,718
Accrued costs 4,802 7,433
Investment impairments and unrealized losses 4,602 5,082
Inventories 5,971 4,853
Environmental costs 5,280 3,166
Capital loss 24,072 13,503
Allowance for doubtful accounts and loan losses 7,515 8,106
Lease liabilities 7,158 8,860
Other 3,289 1,681
Gross deferred tax assets 206,558 218,537
Deferred Tax Liabilities:
Intangible assets (25,313) (25,512)
Fixed assets (27,695) (24,863)
Unrealized gain on investment (37,254) (18,359)
Right of use assets (6,844) (8,578)
Other (2,087) (1,199)
Gross deferred tax liabilities (99,193) (78,511)
Valuation allowance (b)
(42,981) (51,616)
Net deferred tax assets $ 64,384 $ 88,410
Classified on the Company's consolidated balance sheets as follows:
Deferred tax assets
$ 66,553 $ 90,907
Deferred tax liabilities 2,169 2,497
$ 64,384 $ 88,410
(a) The ability for certain subsidiaries to utilize net operating losses and other credit carryforwards may be subject to limitation upon changes in control.
(b) Certain subsidiaries of the Company establish valuation allowances when they determine, based on their assessment, that it is more likely than not that certain deferred tax assets will not be fully realized. This assessment is based on, but not limited to, historical operating results, uncertainty in projections of taxable income and other uncertainties that may be specific to a particular business.
At December 31, 2020, the Company's corporate subsidiaries had carryforwards of U.S. federal NOLs of approximately $266,079 that expire in 2022 through 2037. The Company generated federal NOLs of approximately $227 during the year which have an unlimited carryforward period. In addition, there are federal NOLs that can only be utilized by the corporate subsidiaries that generated the prior year losses, commonly called SRLY NOLs, totaling $132,288, which will expire in 2021 through 2037. $113,229 of these SRLY NOL's may be subject to an Internal Revenue Code Section 382 limitation, and as a result, may not be available to reduce taxable income. The Company has a valuation allowance to reserve its deferred tax asset associated with the SRLY NOLs. The Company has a capital loss carryforward in the amount of $98,197 that expires in 2021 through 2025. In 2019, the Company removed the valuation allowance recorded on the capital loss carryforward as the Company has concluded that it was more likely than not that it will be able to realize the capital loss carryforward within the expiration period. U.S. income taxes were not provided on cumulative undistributed foreign earnings as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. Foreign undistributed earnings remain indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations, therefore, no provision for U.S. income taxes was accrued.
The Company's corporate subsidiaries have NOLs in foreign jurisdictions totaling $22,693 for which a valuation allowance to reserve the associated deferred tax asset has been established. There are NOLs in various states in which the subsidiaries operate. The amount totaled $12,911 and expires in 2021 through 2040. A valuation allowance has been established against a significant portion of the deferred tax asset associated with the state NOLs.
The Company's corporate subsidiaries have federal research and development credit carryforwards of $20,648 that expire in 2021 through 2040, and state research and development credit carryforwards of $19,784 for which a significant amount
do not expire. The Company has a valuation allowance to reserve a significant portion of its deferred tax assets associated with the credit carryforwards.
Unrecognized Tax Benefits
U.S. GAAP provides that the tax effects from an uncertain tax position can be recognized in the consolidated financial statements only if the position is more likely than not of being sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position. The change in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits for 2020 and 2019 was as follows:
Balance at December 31, 2018 $ 51,725
Additions for tax positions related to current year 995
Additions for tax positions related to prior years 69
Reductions due to lapsed statutes of limitations and expiration of credits (4,082)
Balance at December 31, 2019 48,707
Additions for tax positions related to current year 266
Payments (2,640)
Reductions due to lapsed statutes of limitations and expiration of credits (3,954)
Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 42,379
The Company's total gross unrecognized tax benefits were $42,379 and $48,707 at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, of which $38,625, if recognized, would affect the provision for income taxes. In 2020, the Company reversed $3,954 of reserves upon the expiration of the statutes of limitations with applicable taxing authorities and the expiration of time for utilizing certain credits for which a full reserve is maintained. As of December 31, 2020, it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits may decrease by $322 in the next 12 months due to the expiration of statutes of limitations. The Company recognizes interest and penalties (if applicable) related to uncertain tax positions in its income tax provision in the consolidated statement of operations. For 2020 and 2019, the amount of such interest and penalties recognized was not significant.
The Company is subject to U.S. federal income tax, as well as income taxes in various domestic states and foreign jurisdictions in which the Company operated or formerly operated in. The Company is generally no longer subject to federal, state or local income tax examinations by tax authorities for any year prior to 2016. However, NOLs generated in prior years are subject to examination and potential adjustment by the taxing authorities upon their utilization in subsequent years' tax returns.
The Company is not currently under tax examination in any foreign jurisdictions. The Company has ongoing state audits in various state tax jurisdictions. The Company has not identified any material adjustments with respect to the state audits to date.
18. NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON UNIT
The following data was used in computing net income (loss) per common unit shown in the Company's consolidated statements of operations:
December 31,
2020 2019
Net income from continuing operations $ 83,477 $ 79,471
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities (continuing operations) (603) 97
Net income from continuing operations attributable to common unitholders 82,874 79,568
Net loss from discontinued operations attributable to common unitholders (10,199) (81,165)
Net income attributable to common unitholders 72,675 (1,597)
Effect of dilutive securities:
Interest expense from SPLP Preferred Units (a), (b)
12,002 -
Net income attributable to common unitholders - assuming dilution $ 84,677 $ (1,597)
Net income (loss) per common unit - basic
Net income from continuing operations $ 3.34 $ 3.19
Net loss from discontinued operations (0.41) (3.25)
Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders $ 2.93 $ (0.06)
Net income (loss) per common unit - diluted
Net income attributable to common unitholders $ 1.85 $ 3.19
Net loss from discontinued operations (0.20) (3.25)
Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders $ 1.65 $ (0.06)
Denominator for net income (loss) per common unit - basic
24,809,751 24,964,643
Effect of dilutive securities:
Unvested restricted common units 16,668 -
SPLP Preferred Units 26,564,553 -
Denominator for net income (loss) per common unit - diluted (a), (b)
51,390,972 24,964,643
(a) Assumes the SPLP Preferred Units were redeemed in common units as described in Note 16 - "Capital and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss."
(b) For the year ended December 31, 2019, the diluted per unit calculation does not include the potential impact of 15,086,857 SPLP Preferred Units, since the impact would have been anti-dilutive.
19. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Company's consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 are summarized by type of inputs applicable to the fair value measurements as follows:
December 31, 2020 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:
Marketable securities (a)
$ 88 $ 18 $ - $ 106
Long-term investments (a)
242,863 - 48,434 291,297
Precious metal and commodity inventories recorded at fair value
27,324 - - 27,324
Economic interests in loans
- - 11,599 11,599
Warrants - - 2,618 2,618
Total $ 270,275 $ 18 $ 62,651 $ 332,944
Liabilities:
Commodity contracts on precious metal and commodity inventories
$ - $ 169 $ - $ 169
Other precious metal liabilities
28,315 - - 28,315
Total $ 28,315 $ 169 $ - $ 28,484
December 31, 2019 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:
Marketable securities (a)
$ 170 $ 50 $ - $ 220
Long-term investments (a)
222,178 - 53,658 275,836
Precious metal and commodity inventories recorded at fair value
11,377 - - 11,377
Economic interests in loans
- - 18,633 18,633
Warrants - - 2,086 2,086
Total $ 233,725 $ 50 $ 74,377 $ 308,152
Liabilities:
Commodity contracts on precious metal and commodity inventories
$ - $ 381 $ - $ 381
Other precious metal liabilities 11,481 - - 11,481
Total $ 11,481 $ 381 $ - $ 11,862
(a) For additional detail of the marketable securities and long-term investments see Note 11 - "Investments."
There were no transfers of securities among the various measurement input levels during the years ended December 31, 2020 or 2019.
The fair value of the Company's financial instruments, such as cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables and accounts payable, approximates carrying value due to the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities. Carrying cost approximates fair value for long-term debt, which has variable interest rates.
The precious metal and commodity inventories associated with the Company's fair value hedges (see Note 14 - "Financial Instruments") are reported at fair value. Fair values of these inventories are based on quoted market prices on commodity exchanges and are considered Level 1 measurements. The derivative instruments that the Company purchases in connection with its precious metal and commodity inventories, specifically commodity futures and forward contracts, are also valued at fair value. The futures contracts are Level 1 measurements since they are traded on a commodity exchange. The forward contracts are entered into with a counterparty and are considered Level 2 measurements.
The Company measures certain assets, such as goodwill, at fair value on a non-recurring basis, which are evaluated for impairment. As discussed in Note 9 - "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net" to the Company's consolidated financial statements, the Company recorded goodwill impairment charges of $1,100 and $15,924 in Goodwill impairment charges in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The goodwill impairment was determined by measuring and comparing the fair value of the business, using an income and market approach, to its carrying amount. The valuation of the Company's businesses was a nonrecurring fair value measurement and was classified as a Level 3 measurement due to the degree of unobservable inputs in the valuation. Such inputs included estimates of the amount and timing of expected future cash flows and assumptions in determining risk-adjusted discount rates. Changes in these unobservable inputs might have resulted in a higher or lower fair value measurement.
Following is a summary of changes in financial assets measured using Level 3 inputs:
Investments in Associated Companies (a) Marketable Securities and Other (b) Total
Balance at December 31, 2018
$ 40,643 $ 21,524 $ 62,167
Purchases
14,943 932 15,875
Sales and cash collections
- (15,173) (15,173)
Realized gains on sale
- 14,853 14,853
Unrealized gains
- 1 1
Unrealized losses
(3,346) - (3,346)
Balance at December 31, 2019
52,240 22,137 74,377
Purchases
- 340 340
Sales and cash collections
(1,683) (13,126) (14,809)
Realized gains on sale
460 6,189 6,649
Unrealized gains
2,419 22 2,441
Unrealized losses
(6,347) - (6,347)
Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 47,089 $ 15,562 $ 62,651
(a) Unrealized gains and losses are recorded in Loss of associated companies, net of taxes in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.
(b) Realized and unrealized gains and losses are recorded in Realized and unrealized gains on securities, net or Revenue in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.
Long-Term Investments - Valuation Techniques
The Company estimates the value of its investments in STCN preferred stock and the STCN convertible note using a Monte Carlo simulation. Key inputs in these valuations include the trading price and volatility of STCN's common stock, the risk-free rate of return, as well as the dividend rate, conversion price, redemption date of the preferred stock and maturity date of the note.
Marketable Securities and Other - Valuation Techniques
The fair value of the derivatives held by WebBank (see Note 14 - "Financial Instruments") represent the estimated amounts that WebBank would receive or pay to terminate the contracts at the reporting date and is based on discounted cash flows analyses that consider credit, performance and prepayment. Unobservable inputs used in the discounted cash flow analyses are: a constant prepayment rate of 7.46% to 35.45%, a constant default rate of 1.89% to 17.96% and a discount rate of 2.16% to 26.87%.
Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
The Company's non-financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include goodwill and other intangible assets, any assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination, or its long-lived assets written down to fair value. To measure fair value for such assets and liabilities, the Company uses techniques including an income approach, a market approach and/or appraisals (Level 3 inputs). The income approach is based on a discounted cash flow analysis and calculates the fair value by estimating the after-tax cash flows attributable to an asset or liability and then discounting the after-tax cash flows to a present value using a risk-adjusted discount rate. Assumptions used in the discounted cash flow analysis ("DCF") require the exercise of significant judgment, including judgment about appropriate discount rates and terminal values, growth rates and the amount and timing of expected future cash flows. The discount rates, which are intended to reflect the risks inherent in future cash flow projections, used in the DCF are based on estimates of the weighted-average cost of capital of a market participant. Such estimates are derived from analysis of peer companies and consider the industry weighted-average return on debt and equity from a market participant perspective. A market approach values a business by considering the prices at which shares of capital stock, or related underlying assets, of reasonably comparable companies are trading in the public market or the transaction price at which similar companies have been acquired. If comparable companies are not available, the market approach is not used.
20. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Environmental and Litigation Matters
As discussed in more detail below, certain of the Company's subsidiaries have been designated as potentially responsible parties ("PRPs") by federal and state agencies with respect to certain sites with which they may have had direct or indirect involvement and as defendants in certain litigation matters. Most such legal proceedings and environmental investigations involve unspecified amounts of potential damage claims or awards, are in an initial procedural phase, involve significant uncertainty as to the outcome or involve significant factual issues that need to be resolved, such that it is not possible for the Company to estimate a range of possible loss. For matters that have progressed sufficiently through the investigative process such that the Company is able to reasonably estimate a range of possible loss, an estimated range of possible loss is provided, in excess of the accrued liability (if any) for such matters. Any estimated range is or will be based on currently available information and involves elements of judgment and significant uncertainties. Any estimated range of possible loss may not represent the Company's maximum possible loss exposure. The circumstances of such legal proceedings and environmental investigations will change from time to time, and actual results may vary significantly from the current estimate. For current proceedings not specifically reported below, management does not anticipate that the liabilities, if any, arising from such proceedings would have a material effect on the financial position, liquidity or results of operations of the Company.
The environmental claims are in various stages of administrative or judicial proceedings and include demands for recovery of past governmental costs, and for future investigations and remedial actions. In many cases, the dollar amounts of the claims have not been specified and, with respect to a number of the PRP claims, have been asserted against a number of other entities for the same cost recovery or other relief as was asserted against certain of the Company's subsidiaries. The Company accrues costs associated with environmental and litigation matters on an undiscounted basis, when they become probable and reasonably estimable. As of December 31, 2020, on a consolidated basis, the Company has recorded liabilities of $1,066 and
$24,716 in Accrued liabilities and Other non-current liabilities, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheet, which represent the current estimate of environmental remediation liabilities as well as reserves related to the litigation matters discussed below. Expenses relating to these costs, and any recoveries, are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. In addition, the Company has insurance coverage available for several of these matters and believes that excess insurance coverage may be available as well. Estimates of the Company's liability for remediation of a particular site and the method and ultimate cost of remediation require a number of assumptions that are inherently difficult to make, and the ultimate outcome may be materially different from current estimates.
Environmental Matters
Certain subsidiaries of HNH have existing and contingent liabilities relating to environmental matters, including costs of remediation, capital expenditures, and potential fines and penalties relating to possible violations of national and state environmental laws. Those subsidiaries have remediation expenses on an ongoing basis, although such costs are continually being readjusted based upon the emergence of new findings, techniques and alternative methods. HNH recorded liabilities of approximately $24,433 related to estimated environmental investigation and remediation costs as of December 31, 2020.
Included among these liabilities, certain HNH subsidiaries have been identified as PRPs under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act ("CERCLA") or similar state statutes at sites and are parties to administrative consent orders in connection with certain properties. Those subsidiaries may be subject to joint and several liabilities imposed by CERCLA on PRPs. Due to the technical and regulatory complexity of remedial activities and the difficulties attendant in identifying PRPs and allocating or determining liability among them, the subsidiaries are unable to reasonably estimate the ultimate cost of compliance with such laws at some of the sites at which HNH subsidiaries are PRP's.
Based upon information currently available, the HNH subsidiaries do not expect that their respective environmental costs, including the incurrence of additional fines and penalties, if any, will have a material adverse effect on them or that the resolution of these environmental matters will have a material adverse effect on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of such subsidiaries or the Company, but there can be no such assurances. The Company anticipates that the subsidiaries will pay any such amounts out of their respective working capital, although there is no assurance that they will have sufficient funds to pay them. In the event that an HNH subsidiary is unable to fund its liabilities, claims could be made against its respective parent companies for payment of such liabilities.
The sites where certain HNH subsidiaries have environmental liabilities include the following:
HNH has been working with the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection ("CTDEEP") with respect to its obligations under a 1989 consent order that applies to a former HNH manufacturing facility located in Fairfield, Connecticut. An ecological risk assessment of the wetlands portion was submitted in the second quarter of 2016 to the CTDEEP for their review and approval. Company officials met with CTDEEP representatives during the third quarter of 2020 to further discuss wetlands remediation goals and plans. Additional investigation of the wetlands is expected to start in 2021, pending approval of a mutually acceptable wetlands work plan. An updated work plan to investigate the upland portion of the parcel was prepared by the Company and approved by the CTDEEP in March 2018 and completed during 2019 and 2020. Additional upland investigatory work will be required to fully define the areas requiring remediation and is also dependent upon CTDEEP requirements and approval. Based on currently known information, the Company reasonably estimates that it may incur aggregate losses over a period of multiple years of between $10,500 to $17,500. During the second quarter of 2020, the Company increased its reserve for future remediation costs by $14,000, which is our best estimate within this range of potential losses. Due to the uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the final resolution of this matter will not be material to the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of HNH or the Company.
In 1986, Handy & Harman Electronic Materials Corporation ("HHEM"), a subsidiary of HNH, entered into an administrative consent order ("ACO") with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection ("NJDEP") with regard to property in Montvale, New Jersey that it purchased in 1984. The ACO involves investigation and remediation activities to be performed with regard to soil and groundwater contamination. HHEM is actively remediating the property and is continuing to investigate effective methods for achieving compliance with the ACO. Pursuant to a settlement agreement with the former owner/operator of the site, the responsibility for site investigation and remediation costs and other related costs are contractually allocated 75% to the former owner/operator and 25% jointly to HHEM and HNH, all after having the first $1,000 paid by the former owner/operator. Additionally, HHEM had been reimbursed indirectly through insurance coverage for a portion of the costs for which it is responsible. There is no assurance that the former owner/operator or guarantors will continue to timely reimburse HHEM for expenditures and/or will be financially capable of fulfilling their obligations under the settlement agreement and the guaranties. There is no assurance that there will be any additional insurance reimbursement. A reserve of approximately $1,000 has been established for HHEM's expected 25% share of anticipated costs at this site, which is based upon the recent selection of a final remedy, on-going operations and maintenance, additional investigations and monitored natural
attenuation testing over the next 30 years. On December 18, 2019, the State of New Jersey ("State") filed a complaint against HHEM, the Company and other non-affiliated corporations related to former operations at this location. The State is seeking unspecified damages, including reimbursement for all cleanup and removal costs and other damages that the State has incurred, including the lost value of, and reasonable assessment costs for, any natural resource injured as a result of the alleged discharge of hazardous substances and pollutants, as well as attorneys' fees and costs. The Company intends to assert all legal and procedural defenses available. Based upon currently available information, the Company has determined that a range of potential loss cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. There can be no assurance that the resolution of this matter will not be material to the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of HHEM, HNH or the Company.
HNH's subsidiary, SL Industries, Inc. ("SLI"), may incur environmental costs in the future as a result of the past activities of its former subsidiary, SL Surface Technologies, Inc. ("SurfTech"), in Pennsauken, New Jersey ("Pennsauken Site"), in Camden, New Jersey and at its former subsidiary, SGL Printed Circuits in Wayne, New Jersey. At the Pennsauken Site, in 2013, SLI entered into a consent decree with both the U.S. Department of Justice and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") and has since completed the remediation required by the consent decree and has paid the EPA a fixed sum for its past oversight costs. Separate from the consent decree, in December 2012, the NJDEP made a settlement demand of $1,800 for past and future cleanup and removal costs and natural resource damages ("NRD"). To avoid the time and expense of litigating the matter, SLI offered to pay approximately $300 to fully resolve the claim presented by the State. SLI's settlement offer was rejected. On December 6, 2018, the State filed a complaint against SLI related to its operations at the Pennsauken Site. The State is seeking treble damages and attorneys' fees, NRD for loss of use of groundwater, as well as a request for relief that SLI pay all cleanup and removal costs that the State has incurred and will incur at the Pennsauken Site. The State did not specifically identify its alleged damages in the complaint. SLI intends to assert all legal and procedural defenses available to it. Based upon currently available information, the Company has determined that a range of potential loss can no longer be reasonably estimated at this time. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the resolution of this matter will not be material to the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of SLI, HNH or the Company.
SLI reported soil contamination and a groundwater contamination in 2003 from the SurfTech site located in Camden, New Jersey. Substantial investigation and remediation work have been completed under the direction of the licensed site remediation professional ("LSRP") for the site. Additional soil excavation and chemical treatment is planned for the second quarter of 2021. Post-remediation groundwater monitoring will be conducted and a full-scale groundwater bioremediation is expected to be implemented following completion of soil excavation. A reserve of $2,600 has been established for anticipated costs at this site, but there can be no assurance that there will not be potential additional costs associated with the site which cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the resolution of this matter will not be material to the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of SLI, HNH or the Company.
SLI is currently participating in environmental assessment and cleanup at a commercial facility located in Wayne, New Jersey. Contaminated soil and groundwater have undergone remediation with the NJDEP and LSRP oversight, but contaminants of concern in groundwater and surface water, which extend off-site, remain above applicable NJDEP remediation standards. A reserve of approximately $1,200 has been established for anticipated costs, but there can be no assurance that there will not be potential additional costs associated with the site, which cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the resolution of this matter will not be material to the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of SLI, HNH or the Company.
Litigation Matters
On December 8, 2017, a stockholder class action, captioned Sciabacucchi v. DeMarco, et al., was filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware by a purported former stockholder of HNH challenging the Company's acquisition, through a subsidiary, of all of the outstanding shares of common stock of HNH not already owned by the Company or any of its affiliates. The action named as defendants the former members of the HNH board of directors, the Company and SPH GP, and alleged, among other things, that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties to the former public stockholders of HNH in connection with the aforementioned acquisition. The complaint sought, among other relief, unspecified monetary damages, attorneys' fees and costs. On July 9, 2019, the Company entered into a settlement of the case, solely to avoid the substantial burden, expense, inconvenience and distraction of continued litigation and to resolve each of the plaintiff's claims against the defendant parties. In the settlement, the defendants agreed to pay the plaintiff class $30,000, but denied that they engaged in any wrongdoing or committed any violation of law or breach of duty and stated that they believe they acted properly, in good faith, and in a manner consistent with their legal duties. The settlement was approved by the court on December 2, 2019. Our insurance carriers agreed to contribute an aggregate of $17,500 toward the settlement amount. The Company recorded a charge of $12,500 in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, which consisted of the legal settlement of $30,000, reduced by the $17,500 of insurance recoveries. The settlement was paid on December 17, 2019. The Company made a demand of an aggregate of $10,000 in further contributions from two
insurance carriers, which the carriers declined, and it is pursuing claims in court to endeavor to recover this sum, although there can be no assurance as to the outcome of this litigation.
On April 13, 2018, a purported shareholder of STCN, Donald Reith, filed a verified complaint, Reith v. Lichtenstein, et al., 2018-0277 (Del. Ch.) in the Delaware Court of Chancery. The plaintiff seeks to assert claims against the Company and certain of its affiliates and against the members of STCN's board of directors in connection with the acquisition of $35,000 of STCN's Series C Preferred Stock by an affiliate of the Company and equity grants made to three individual defendants. The complaint includes claims for breach of fiduciary duty as STCN directors against all the individual defendants; claims for aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty against the Company; a claim for breach of fiduciary duty as controlling stockholder against the Company; and a derivative claim for unjust enrichment against the Company and the three individuals who received equity grants. The complaint demands damages in an unspecified amount for STCN and its stockholders, together with rescission, disgorgement and other equitable relief. The defendants moved to dismiss the complaint for failure to plead demand futility and failure to state a claim. On June 28, 2019, the Court of Chancery issued an opinion denying in substantial part the motion. The Company will continue to vigorously defend itself against these claims; however, the outcome of this matter is uncertain.
A subsidiary of BNS Holdings Liquidating Trust ("BNS Sub") has been named as a defendant in multiple alleged asbestos-related toxic-tort claims filed over a period beginning in 1994 through December 31, 2020. In many cases these claims involved more than 100 defendants. There remained approximately 35 pending asbestos claims as of December 31, 2020. BNS Sub believes it has significant defenses to any liability for toxic-tort claims on the merits. None of these toxic-tort claims has gone to trial and, therefore, there can be no assurance that these defenses will prevail. BNS Sub has insurance policies covering asbestos-related claims for years beginning 1974 through 1988. BNS Sub annually receives retroactive billings or credits from its insurance carriers for any increase or decrease in claims accruals as claims are filed, settled or dismissed, or as estimates of the ultimate settlement costs for the then-existing claims are revised. As of both December 31, 2020 and 2019, BNS Sub has accrued $1,349 relating to the open and active claims against BNS Sub. This accrual includes the amount of unpaid retroactive billings submitted to the Company by the insurance carriers and also the Company's best estimate of the likely costs for BNS Sub to settle these claims outside the amounts funded by insurance. There can be no assurance that the number of future claims and the related costs of defense, settlements or judgments will be consistent with the experience to-date of existing claims and that BNS Sub will not need to significantly increase its estimated liability for the costs to settle these claims to an amount that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.
OMG was party to litigation with the U.S. Government regarding whether materials purchased by OMG from a foreign supplier are subject to antidumping duty and countervailing duty orders ("ADD/CVD Orders"). The ADD/CVD Orders were issued in 2015 by the U.S. Government, and this matter was subject to ongoing litigation since 2016, at which time OMG paid $949 to the U.S. Government and recorded an additional $4,100 accrual for its then expected resolution of this matter. On August 28, 2020, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit issued an opinion in favor of OMG on the matter. The U.S. Government did not appeal this decision to the U.S. Supreme Court within the 150 days appeal deadline, which expired on January 25, 2021. As such, OMG is not expected to incur any liability with respect to the ADD/CVD Orders. Therefore, as of December 31, 2020, the $4,100 prior accrual for this matter was reversed and a receivable of $949 was recorded for the expected refund of the amounts previously paid to the U.S. Government. The $5,049 total for both items was recorded as a reduction to cost of goods sold in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.
In the ordinary course of our business, the Company is subject to other periodic lawsuits, investigations, claims and proceedings, including, but not limited to, contractual disputes, employment, environmental, health and safety matters, as well as claims associated with our historical acquisitions and divestitures. There is insurance coverage available for many of the foregoing actions. Although the Company cannot predict with certainty the ultimate resolution of lawsuits, investigations, claims and proceedings asserted against the Company, it does not believe any currently pending legal proceeding to which it is a party will have a material adverse effect on its business, prospects, financial condition, cash flows, results of operations or liquidity.
21. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The components of receivables from related parties and payables from related parties for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 are presented below:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Receivable from related parties:
Receivable from associated companies - STCN $ 1,572 $ 1,806
Receivable from other related parties 501 415
Total $ 2,073 $ 2,221
Payables to related parties:
Accrued management fees $ 2,319 $ 27
Payables to other related parties 1,761 454
Total $ 4,080 $ 481
Management Agreement with SP General Services LLC
SPLP is managed by the Manager, pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, which receives a fee at an annual rate of 1.5% of total Partners' capital ("Management Fee"), payable on the first day of each quarter and subject to quarterly adjustment. In addition, SPLP may issue to the Manager partnership profits interests in the form of incentive units, which will be classified as Class C common units of SPLP, upon the attainment of certain specified performance goals by SPLP, which are determined as of the last day of each fiscal year (see Note 16 - "Capital and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss" for additional information on the incentive units).
The Management Agreement is automatically renewed each December 31 for successive one-year terms unless otherwise determined at least 60 days prior to each renewal date by a majority of the Company's independent directors. The Management Fee was $6,706 and $7,781 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Management Fee is included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. Unpaid amounts for management fees included in Payables to related parties on the Company's consolidated balance sheets were $2,319 and $27 at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
SPLP will bear (or reimburse the Manager with respect to) all its reasonable costs and expenses of the managed entities, the Manager, SPH GP or their affiliates, including but not limited to: legal, tax, accounting, auditing, consulting, administrative, compliance, investor relations costs related to being a public entity rendered for SPLP or SPH GP, as well as expenses incurred by the Manager and SPH GP which are reasonably necessary for the performance by the Manager of its duties and functions under the Management Agreement and certain other expenses incurred by managers, officers, employees and agents of the Manager or its affiliates on behalf of SPLP. Reimbursable expenses incurred by the Manager in connection with its provision of services under the Management Agreement were approximately $2,514 and $6,668 during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Unpaid amounts for reimbursable expenses were approximately $1,594 and $409 at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and are included in Payables to other related parties on the Company's consolidated balance sheets.
Corporate Services
The Company's subsidiary, Steel Services Ltd ("Steel Services"), through management services agreements with its subsidiaries and portfolio companies, provides services, which include assignment of C-Level management personnel, legal, tax, accounting, treasury, consulting, auditing, administrative, compliance, environmental health and safety, human resources, marketing, investor relations, operating group management and other similar services. In addition to its servicing agreements with SPLP and its consolidated subsidiaries, which are eliminated in consolidation, Steel Services has management services agreements with other companies considered to be related parties, including J. Howard Inc., Steel Partners, Ltd. and affiliates, and STCN. In total, Steel Services currently charges approximately $4,474 annually to these companies. All amounts billed under these service agreements are classified as a reduction of Selling, general and administrative expenses. The receivable from STCN of $1,572 as of December 31, 2020 includes $1,230 for amounts receivable for the management services agreement and a $342 receivable of interest for the STCN New Notes.
Mutual Securities, Inc.
Pursuant to the Management Agreement, the Manager is responsible for selecting executing brokers. Securities transactions for SPLP are allocated to brokers on the basis of reliability and best price and execution. The Manager has selected Mutual Securities, Inc. as an introducing broker and may direct a substantial portion of the managed entities' trades to such firm, among others. An officer of the Manager and SPH GP is affiliated with Mutual Securities, Inc. The commissions paid by SPLP to Mutual Securities, Inc. were not significant in any period.
Other
At December 31, 2020 and 2019, several related parties and consolidated subsidiaries had deposits totaling $1,164 and $1,156, respectively, at WebBank. Approximately $88 and $100 of these deposits, including interest which was not significant, have been eliminated in consolidation as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
22. SEGMENT INFORMATION
SPLP operates through the following segments: Diversified Industrial, Energy and Financial Services which are managed separately and offer different products and services. The Diversified Industrial segment is comprised of manufacturers of engineered niche industrial products, including joining materials, tubing, building materials, performance materials, electrical products, cutting replacement products and services, and metallized films and packaging businesses. The Energy segment provides drilling and production services to the oil and gas industry and owns a youth sports business. The Financial Services segment consists primarily of the operations of WebBank, a Utah chartered industrial bank, which engages in a full range of banking activities.
Corporate and Other consists of several consolidated subsidiaries, including Steel Services, equity method and other investments, and cash and cash equivalents. Its income or loss includes certain unallocated general corporate expenses. Steel Services has management services agreements with our consolidated subsidiaries and other related companies as further discussed in Note 21 - "Related Party Transactions."
Steel Services charged the Diversified Industrial, Energy and Financial Services segments $28,285, $5,263 and $1,677, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2020. For the year ended December 31, 2019, Steel Services charged the Diversified Industrial, Energy and Financial Services segments $25,181, $6,962 and $3,712, respectively, for these services. These service fees are reflected as expenses in the segment income (loss) below, but are eliminated in consolidation.
Segment information is presented below:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Revenue:
Diversified Industrial $ 1,058,745 $ 1,119,642
Energy
107,831 163,972
Financial Services 144,060 171,434
Total
$ 1,310,636 $ 1,455,048
Income (loss) before interest expense and income taxes:
Diversified Industrial $ 70,849 $ 41,744
Energy
(1,887) (3,846)
Financial Services 59,799 69,385
Corporate and Other 22,366 25,586
Income before interest expense and income taxes 151,127 132,869
Interest expense
29,514 38,835
Income tax provision
38,136 14,563
Net income from continuing operations $ 83,477 $ 79,471
Loss of associated companies, net of taxes:
Corporate and Other $ 3,786 $ 8,043
Total $ 3,786 $ 8,043
Year Ended December 31, 2020
Capital
Expenditures Depreciation and
Amortization
Diversified industrial $ 19,809 $ 49,451
Energy 3,083 15,006
Financial services 313 717
Corporate and other 21 159
Total $ 23,226 $ 65,333
Year Ended December 31, 2019
Capital
Expenditures Depreciation and
Amortization
Diversified industrial $ 32,957 $ 48,055
Energy 5,999 17,548
Financial services 710 423
Corporate and other 150 154
Total $ 39,816 $ 66,180
December 31,
2020 2019
Total Assets:
Diversified industrial $ 777,495 $ 862,988
Energy 168,696 148,791
Financial services 2,723,897 1,004,152
Corporate and other 264,290 257,561
Segment total 3,934,378 2,273,492
Discontinued operations - 58,279
Total $ 3,934,378 $ 2,331,771
The following table presents geographic revenue and long-lived asset information as of and for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. Foreign revenue is based on the country in which the legal subsidiary generating the revenue is domiciled. Long-lived assets in 2020 and 2019 consist of property, plant and equipment, non-current operating lease right-of-use assets, plus approximately $4,843 and $5,378, respectively, of land and buildings from previously operating businesses and other non-operating assets. Such assets are carried at the lower of cost or fair value less cost to sell and are included in Other non-current assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. Neither revenue nor long-lived assets from any single foreign country were material to the consolidated financial statements of the Company.
2020 2019
Revenue Long-lived Assets Revenue Long-lived Assets
Geographic information:
United States $ 1,229,406 $ 235,166 $ 1,373,505 $ 260,456
Foreign 81,230 28,384 81,543 29,379
Total $ 1,310,636 $ 263,550 $ 1,455,048 $ 289,835
23. REGULATORY MATTERS
WebBank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on WebBank's financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, WebBank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of its assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. WebBank's capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.
As a result of Basel III becoming fully implemented as of January 1, 2019, WebBank's minimum requirements increased for both the quantity and quality of capital held by WebBank. The rules include a new common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio ("CET1 Ratio") of 4.5% and a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets, which as
fully phased-in, effectively results in a minimum CET1 Ratio of 7.0%. Basel III raises the minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets from 4.0% to 6.0% (which, with the capital conservation buffer, effectively results in a minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5% as fully phased-in), and effectively results in a minimum total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of 10.5% (with the capital conservation buffer fully phased-in), and requires a minimum leverage ratio of 4.0%. Basel III also made changes to risk weights for certain assets and off-balance-sheet exposures. WebBank expects that its capital ratios under Basel III will continue to exceed the well capitalized minimum capital requirements, and such amounts are disclosed in the table below:
Amount of Capital Required
Actual For Capital Adequacy Purposes Minimum Capital Adequacy With Capital Buffer To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Provisions
As of December 31, 2020 Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio
Total Capital
(to risk-weighted assets) $ 212,002 34.30 % $ 49,512 8.00 % $ 64,985 10.50 % $ 61,891 10.00 %
Tier 1 Capital
(to risk-weighted assets) $ 204,028 33.00 % $ 37,134 6.00 % $ 52,607 8.50 % $ 49,512 8.00 %
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital
(to risk-weighted assets) $ 204,028 33.00 % $ 27,851 4.50 % $ 43,323 7.00 % $ 40,229 6.50 %
Tier 1 Capital
(to average assets) $ 204,028 32.40 % $ 25,219 4.00 % n/a n/a $ 31,523 5.00 %
As of December 31, 2019
Total Capital
(to risk-weighted assets) $ 178,930 19.50 % $ 73,525 8.00 % $ 96,502 10.50 % $ 91,907 10.00 %
Tier 1 Capital
(to risk-weighted assets) $ 167,131 18.20 % $ 55,144 6.00 % $ 78,121 8.50 % $ 73,525 8.00 %
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital
(to risk-weighted assets) $ 167,131 18.20 % $ 41,358 4.50 % $ 64,335 7.00 % $ 59,739 6.50 %
Tier 1 Capital
(to average assets) $ 167,131 18.30 % $ 36,489 4.00 % n/a n/a $ 45,611 5.00 %
The Federal Reserve, Office of the Comptroller of Currency and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation issued an interim final rule that excludes loans pledged as collateral to the Federal Reserve's PPP Lending Facility from supplementary leverage ratio exposure and average total consolidated assets. Additionally, PPP loans will receive a zero percent risk weight under the risk-based capital rules of the federal banking agencies.
24. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
A summary of supplemental cash flow information for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 is presented in the following table:
Year Ended December 31,
2020 2019
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest $ 34,028 $ 49,089
Taxes $ 36,843 $ 8,644
25. RESTATEMENT OF PREVIOUSLY ISSUED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
As described in Note 1 - "Nature of the Business and Basis of Presentation," we have reported API as discontinued operations for all periods presented in our consolidated financial statements. Furthermore, as described in Note 2 - "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," in connection with the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company identified errors in its previously filed annual consolidated financial statements and unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements. The prior period errors, some of which originated prior to 2019, primarily relate to the Electrical Products Misstatements, and the division's accounting primarily related to inventories, revenue recognition and trade receivables, and accounts payable.
The impact of correcting these errors would be material in the aggregate if corrected solely in the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020. As a result, the Company has corrected for these errors by restating its previously filed 2019 annual consolidated financial statements, including the impact to beginning Partners' capital, in
connection with the filing of this 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The 2019 restated annual consolidated financial statements also include corrections of other immaterial errors, including two errors, discussed below, that had been previously disclosed and adjusted for as out of period corrections in the periods identified. Those two previously disclosed errors include an error in the Energy segment that was corrected during the second quarter of 2020 ("Energy Misstatement") and errors related to the subsequent income tax impacts of the sale of Arlon, LLC ("Arlon") in 2015 that were corrected during the second and third quarters of 2019 ("Arlon Misstatements"). These prior errors have been corrected in these financial statements to record the impacts in the periods to which the errors relate.
Previously Reported Energy Misstatement
During the second quarter of 2020, the Company determined that the trade receivables balance within the youth sports business in its Energy segment was overstated. The overstatement related primarily to trade receivables recorded prior to 2018, which have been determined to be uncollectible. To correct the overstatement in the appropriate periods, the Company recorded adjustments to reduce the opening balance of Partners' capital as of December 31, 2018 by $3,100 and to increase Selling, general and administrative expenses by $300 in the year ended December 31, 2019.
Previously Reported Arlon Misstatements
During the second quarter of 2019, the Company became aware of an error related to its January 2015 sale of Arlon, a discontinued operation, whereby the tax-basis of Arlon at the time of sale was incorrectly calculated. The error was discovered in connection with an Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") examination of the Company's 2015 income tax filing. To correct the error in the appropriate period the Company recorded adjustments to increase the opening balance of Partners' capital as of December 31, 2018 by $1,211. The adjustment included the IRS' final assessment for this matter, as well as associated state taxes and interest.
Impact of Restatement
The following errors in the Company's 2019 annual consolidated financial statements were identified and corrected as a result of the Electrical Products Misstatements, as well as the two errors discussed above and other immaterial errors:
a.Cash and cash equivalents - As a result of the correction of a prior period balance sheet presentation error, apart from the Electrical Products Misstatements, Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $1,519 as of December 31, 2019. Correction of this presentation error increased Loans receivable, including loans held for sale by $1,519 as of December 31, 2019.
b.Trade and other receivables - net of allowance for doubtful accounts - Primarily as a result of correction of the Energy Misstatement, and to a lesser extent errors from the Electrical Product Misstatements, Trade and other receivables - net of allowance for doubtful accounts decreased by $5,216 as of December 31, 2019.
c.Loans receivable, including loans held for sale - Loans receivable, including loans held for sale increased by $1,519 as of December 31, 2019, due to the balance sheet presentation correction discussed above for Cash and cash equivalents.
d.Inventories, net - Primarily as a result of correction of the Electrical Products Misstatements resulting from improper valuation of inventories, inadequate inventory cutoff procedures and physical inventory variances not recorded in the appropriate period, Inventories, net decreased by $3,188 as of December 31, 2019.
e.Prepaid expenses and other current assets - As a result of the correction of a prior period balance sheet understatement error apart from the Electrical Products Misstatements, Prepaid expenses and other current assets increased by $8,070 as of December 31, 2019 and also increased Other current liabilities by $8,070 as of December 31, 2019. The adjustment is to present the gross amount of tax due for certain loan transactions with corresponding amounts due as these are contractual liabilities of the Company's marketing partners.
f.Deferred tax assets - Deferred tax assets increased by $2,262 as of December 31, 2019 to reflect the tax impacts of the error corrections.
g.Other non-current assets - Separate from the Electrical Products Misstatements, the Company corrected a prior period balance sheet presentation classification error related to presentation of debt issuance costs, which decreased Other non-
current assets by $1,543 as of December 31, 2019. Correction of this presentation error also decreased Current portion of preferred unit liability by $268 and decreased Preferred unit liability by $1,275 as of December 31, 2019.
h.Property, plant and equipment, net - As a result of the correction of errors in the Electrical Products Misstatements, Property, plant and equipment, net decreased by $92 as of December 31, 2019.
i.Assets of discontinued operations - The Company corrected a prior period error apart from the Electrical Products Misstatements, which decreased Assets of discontinued operations by $876 as of December 31, 2019. The error is due to the recognition of an asset impairment charge not previously recorded.
j.Accounts payable - The Company corrected certain errors for the Electrical Products Misstatements, which increased Accounts payable by $2,348 as of December 31, 2019. The errors relate to irregularities in recognition of certain prior period expenses that were inappropriately not recorded in Accounts payable.
k.Accrued liabilities - As a result of the correction of errors apart from the Electrical Products Misstatements, Accrued liabilities decreased by $11,194 as of December 31, 2019. The correction is primarily due to a balance sheet presentation error of $10,501 in which the Company reclassified certain Non-current liabilities from Accrued liabilities to Other non-current liabilities as of December 31, 2019.
l.Current portion of preferred unit liability - As a result of the correction of the balance sheet presentation error noted above for Other non-current assets, the Current portion of preferred unit liability decreased by $268 as of December 31, 2019.
m.Other current liabilities - The Company corrected certain errors separate from the Electrical Products Misstatements, which increased Other current liabilities by $9,091 as of December 31, 2019. This correction is primarily do the balance sheet presentation error discussed above in Prepaid expenses and other current assets.
n.Preferred unit liability - As a result of the correction of the balance sheet presentation error noted above for Other non-current assets, the Preferred unit liability decreased by $1,275 as of December 31, 2019.
o.Other non-current liabilities - The Company corrected the classification of certain environmental liabilities from Accrued liabilities to Other non-current liabilities as of December 31, 2019 resulting in an increase in Other non-current liabilities of $10,501, with a corresponding decrease in Accrued Liabilities.
p.Revenue - The Company corrected certain errors in the application of its revenue recognition policy under U.S. GAAP, which decreased total Revenue by $334 for the year ended December 31, 2019. These adjustments are primarily for correction of errors separate from the Electrical Products Misstatements.
q.Cost of goods sold - Primarily as a result of the correction of the Electrical Products Misstatements, Cost of goods sold increased by $3,781 for the year ended December 31, 2019. These Electric Products Misstatements were due primarily to irregularities in revenue recognition journal entries, irregularities relating to Accounts payable noted above and improper valuation of inventories noted above.
r.Selling, general and administrative expenses - Primarily as a result of error corrections separate from the Electrical Products Misstatements, Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $501 for the year ended December 31, 2019.
s.Interest expense - As a result of the net impact of the error corrections, Interest expense for the Company's Credit Agreement increased by $147 for the year ended December 31, 2019 due to the impact of covenant calculations.
t.Income tax provision - As a result of the net impact of the error corrections, Income tax provision increased by $232 for the year ended December 31, 2019.
u.Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes - The Company corrected errors apart from the Electrical Products Misstatements, which increased Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes by $552 for the year ended December 31, 2019 due primarily to recognition of an asset impairment charge.
The following tables present the impacts of reporting API as discontinued operations and of the revisions of the previously filed annual consolidated financial statements to correct for prior period errors, including the impact to Partners' capital as of January 1, 2019 to correct for that portion of the errors which originated in years prior to 2019.
December 31, 2019
As Previously Reported Reclassification for Discontinued Operations Adjustments for Error Corrections
Consolidated Balance Sheet As Corrected
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 148,348 $ (8,881) $ (1,519) $ 137,948
Marketable securities 220 - - 220
Trade and other receivables - net of allowance for doubtful accounts 188,410 (13,367) (5,216) 169,827
Receivables from related parties 2,221 - - 2,221
Loans receivable, including loans held for sale 546,908 - 1,519 548,427
Inventories, net 167,833 (16,192) (3,188) 148,453
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 36,261 (2,572) 8,070 41,759
Assets of discontinued operations - 41,012 - 41,012
Total current assets
1,090,201 - (334) 1,089,867
Long-term loans receivable, net 196,145 - - 196,145
Goodwill 149,626 - - 149,626
Other intangible assets, net 158,593 - - 158,593
Deferred tax assets 88,645 - 2,262 90,907
Other non-current assets 70,666 (50) (1,543) 69,073
Property, plant and equipment, net 262,277 (12,052) (92) 250,133
Operating lease right-of-use assets 40,365 (6,041) - 34,324
Long-term investments 275,836 - - 275,836
Assets of discontinued operations - 18,143 (876) 17,267
Total Assets
$ 2,332,354 $ - $ (583) $ 2,331,771
LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 99,844 $ (14,027) $ 2,348 $ 88,165
Accrued liabilities 119,642 (4,701) (11,194) 103,747
Deposits 615,495 - - 615,495
Payables to related parties 481 - - 481
Short-term debt 3,197 (1,397) - 1,800
Current portion of long-term debt 14,208 - - 14,208
Current portion of preferred unit liability 39,782 - (268) 39,514
Other current liabilities 43,172 (1,131) 9,091 51,132
Liabilities of discontinued operations - 21,256 - 21,256
Total current liabilities
935,821 - (23) 935,798
Long-term deposits 139,222 - - 139,222
Long-term debt 391,136 (69,055) - 322,081
Preferred unit liability 144,247 - (1,275) 142,972
Accrued pension liabilities 196,077 (12,849) - 183,228
Deferred tax liabilities 3,614 (1,117) - 2,497
Long-term operating lease liabilities 31,262 (4,804) - 26,458
Other non-current liabilities 14,556 - 10,501 25,057
Liabilities of discontinued operations - 87,825 - 87,825
Total Liabilities
1,855,935 - 9,203 1,865,138
Commitments and Contingencies
Capital:
Partners' capital 664,035 - (9,786) 654,249
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (191,422) - - (191,422)
Total Partners' Capital 472,613 - (9,786) 462,827
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities 3,806 - - 3,806
Total Capital
476,419 - (9,786) 466,633
Total Liabilities and Capital
$ 2,332,354 $ - $ (583) $ 2,331,771
Year Ended December 31, 2019
As Previously Reported Reclassification for Discontinued Operations Adjustments for Error Corrections
Consolidated Statement of Operations As Corrected
Revenue:
Diversified Industrial net sales $ 1,226,365 $ (106,389) $ (334) $ 1,119,642
Energy net revenue 163,972 - - 163,972
Financial Services revenue 171,434 - - 171,434
Total revenue 1,561,771 (106,389) (334) 1,455,048
Costs and expenses:
Cost of goods sold 1,052,241 (103,952) 3,781 952,071
Selling, general and administrative expenses 356,803 (22,736) 501 334,566
Goodwill impairment charges 41,853 (25,929) - 15,924
Asset impairment charges 30,506 (29,657) - 849
Finance interest expense 16,279 - - 16,279
Provision for loan losses 43,373 - - 43,373
Interest expense 41,409 (2,721) 147 38,835
Realized and unrealized gains on securities, net (47,315) - - (47,315)
Other income, net (1,139) (472) - (1,611)
Total costs and expenses 1,534,010 (185,467) 4,429 1,352,971
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity method investments 27,761 79,078 (4,763) 102,077
Income tax provision (benefit) 15,865 (1,534) 232 14,563
Loss of associated companies, net of taxes 8,043 - - 8,043
Net income from continuing operations 3,853 80,612 (4,995) 79,471
Discontinued operations (see Note 6)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes - (80,612) (552) (81,165)
Net loss on deconsolidation of discontinued operations - - - -
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes - (80,612) (552) (81,165)
Net income (loss) 3,853 - (5,547) (1,694)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities (continuing operations) 97 - - 97
Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders $ 3,950 $ - $ (5,547) $ (1,597)
Net income (loss) per common unit - basic and diluted
Net income from continuing operations $ 0.16 $ 3.23 $ (0.20) $ 3.19
Net loss from discontinued operations - (3.23) (0.02) (3.25)
Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders $ 0.16 $ - $ (0.22) $ (0.06)
Net income (loss) per common unit - diluted
Net income from continuing operations $ 0.16 $ 3.23 $ (0.20) $ 3.19
Net loss from discontinued operations - (3.23) (0.02) (3.25)
Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders $ 0.16 $ - $ (0.22) $ (0.06)
Weighted-average number of common units outstanding - basic
24,964,643 24,964,643 24,964,643 24,964,643
Weighted-average number of common units outstanding - diluted
24,965,209 24,965,209 24,964,643 24,964,643
Year Ended December 31, 2019
As Previously Reported Reclassification for Discontinued Operations Adjustments for Error Corrections
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss) As Corrected
Net income (loss) $ 3,853 $ - $ (5,547) $ (1,694)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Gross unrealized gains on derivative financial instruments 263 - - 263
Currency translation adjustments (1,690) - - (1,690)
Changes in pension liabilities and other post-retirement benefit obligations (12,755) - (781) (13,536)
Other comprehensive loss (14,182) - (781) (14,963)
Comprehensive loss (10,329) - (6,328) (16,657)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests 97 - - 97
Comprehensive loss attributable to common unitholders $ (10,232) $ - $ (6,328) $ (16,560)
As Previously Reported Reclassification for Discontinued Operations Adjustments for Error Corrections
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Capital As Corrected
Balance at December 31, 2018 $ 492,508 $ - $ (3,458) $ 489,050
Net income (loss) 3,853 - (5,547) (1,694)
Unrealized gains on derivative financial instruments 263 - - 263
Currency translation adjustments (1,690) - - (1,690)
Changes in pension liabilities and post-retirement benefit obligations (12,755) - (781) (13,536)
Equity compensation - restricted units 961 - - 961
Purchases of SPLP common units (6,721) - - (6,721)
Balance at December 31, 2019 $ 476,419 $ - $ (9,786) $ 466,633
Year Ended December 31, 2019
As Previously Reported Reclassification for Discontinued Operations Adjustments for Error Corrections
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows As Corrected
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss) $ 3,853 $ - $ (5,547) $ (1,694)
Loss from discontinued operations - (80,612) (552) (81,165)
Net income from continuing operations 3,853 80,612 (4,995) 79,471
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan losses 43,373 - - 43,373
Loss of associated companies, net of taxes 8,043 - - 8,043
Realized and unrealized gains on securities, net (47,315) - - (47,315)
Derivative gains on economic interests in loans (14,801) 57 - (14,744)
Deferred income taxes 13,038 (1,057) (863) 11,118
Depreciation and amortization 72,266 (6,178) 92 66,180
Non-cash lease expense 11,177 - - 11,177
Equity-based compensation 779 - - 779
Goodwill impairment charges 41,853 (25,929) - 15,924
Asset impairment charges 30,506 (29,657) - 849
Other 2,593 (1,127) - 1,465
Net change in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade and other receivables 20,694 (10,472) 699 10,921
Inventories (9,491) (4,262) 1,273 (12,480)
Prepaid expenses and other assets 2,751 559 (6,527) (3,217)
Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities (30,706) 5,685 10,321 (14,700)
Net increase in loans held for sale (36,870) - (1,519) (38,389)
Net cash provided by operating activities - continuing operations 111,743 8,231 (1,519) 118,455
Net cash used in operating activities - discontinued operations - (8,231) - (8,231)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 111,743 - (1,519) 110,224
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of investments
(90,815) - - (90,815)
Proceeds from sales of investments
31,576 - - 31,576
Proceeds from maturities of investments
92,049 - - 92,049
Loan originations, net of collections
(205,874) - - (205,874)
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
(43,024) 3,208 - (39,816)
Settlements of short positions, net
(14,611) - - (14,611)
Proceeds from sales of assets
1,293 - - 1,293
Acquisition, net of cash acquired (45,559) - - (45,559)
Net cash used in investing activities - continuing operations (274,965) 3,208 - (271,757)
Net cash used in investing activities - discontinued operations - (3,208) - (3,208)
Net cash used in investing activities (274,965) - - (274,965)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net revolver repayments (64,712) 2,664 - (62,048)
Repayments of term loans (7,304) (442) - (7,746)
Purchases of the Company's common units
(6,721) - - (6,721)
Deferred finance charges (815) - - (815)
Net increase in deposits 43,406 - - 43,406
Net cash used in financing activities - continuing operations (36,146) 2,222 - (33,924)
Net cash used in financing activities - discontinued operations - (2,222) - (2,222)
Net cash used in financing activities (36,146) - - (36,146)
Net change for the period
(199,368) - (1,519) (200,887)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 398 - - 398
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period 347,318 - - 347,318
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period, including cash of discontinued operations $ 148,348 $ - $ (1,519) $ 146,829
Less: Cash and cash equivalents of discontinued operations - 8,881 8,881
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 148,348 $ (8,881) $ (1,519) $ 137,948

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We conducted an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Principal Executive Officer and the Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Report. Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company's management, including its principal executive and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on that evaluation, the Principal Executive Officer and the Principal Financial Officer concluded that as of December 31, 2020 our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described below in Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.
Notwithstanding the identified material weaknesses, management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, has determined, based on the procedures we have performed, that the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K fairly represent in all material respects our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as of December 31, 2020 and for the periods presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management of the Company, including the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) based upon the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company's consolidated financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.
Under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including the Company's Principal Executive Officer and the Principal Financial Officer, the Company conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting of the Company as referred to above as of December 31, 2020. Based on such evaluation, management concluded that the Company's internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2020, as management identified control deficiencies that constituted material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting.
A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement to the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
As discussed in Note 25 - "Restatement of Previously Issued Consolidated Financial Statements," during the Company's 2020 year-end close process, management identified certain immaterial errors in the financial statements of a division within our Electrical Products business that were consolidated into previously filed financial statements. The prior period errors are related primarily to this division of the Company's Electrical Products business within the Diversified Industrial segment that represented approximately 10% and 11% of the Company's revenue in 2019 and 2020, respectively, and are primarily related to inventories, revenue recognition and trade receivables, and accounts payable. Management has revised prior period financial information from January 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020 ("Revision Period") to correct for the errors identified
related to this business and other immaterial errors impacting prior years that were not previously recorded. The errors identified resulted from several control deficiencies that were in existence during the Revision Period and as of December 31, 2020, as follows:
•We did not maintain an effective control environment as evidenced by: (i) an inappropriate tone from the former management team and override of internal controls at the division of our Electrical Products business; (ii) accounting personnel at the division of our Electrical Products business not following established Company accounting policies, controls and procedures; (iii) a lack of accountability for the performance of internal control over financial reporting responsibilities at the division; and (iv) corrective activities were not appropriately applied, prioritized and implemented in a timely manner.
•We did not have control activities that were designed and operating effectively at the division of our Electrical Products business as evidenced by: (i) inadequate documentation and support for and/or untimely preparation and review of account reconciliations; (ii) improper segregation of duties, including IT access controls; (iii) failure to perform independent review of recorded accounting entries and accounting analyses; and (iv) weaknesses in information systems requiring management intervention through the manual creation of queries, spreadsheets and ad hoc analysis.
•Communication and information from the division of our Electronic Products business was withheld from senior management and from our independent registered public accounting firm. In addition, personnel were not properly trained on the importance of complying with the Company's Code of Business Conduct and communication through our whistle-blower hotline when normal channels were ineffective.
We believe that the failure to prevent or timely detect the aforementioned Electrical Products business errors in our consolidated financial statements were attributable to the deficiencies identified.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Except for the identification of the material weaknesses described above, there were no changes during the year ended December 31, 2020 in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Remediation Plan for Material Weaknesses
Management, under the oversight of the Audit Committee, has begun improving and plans to continue to improve the Company's internal control over financial reporting to remediate the material weaknesses described above. Remediation of the identified material weaknesses and strengthening our internal control environment will require a substantial effort throughout 2021. We will test the ongoing operating effectiveness of the new and existing controls in future periods. The material weaknesses cannot be considered completely remediated until the applicable controls have operated for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively. Management's current plans, and actions already undertaken, include the following:
•Personnel changes, including the hiring of a new president, chief financial officer and director of human resources, at the division of our Electrical Products business, to ensure a proper, consistent tone is communicated throughout our organization, with distinct emphasis on the expectation that previously identified control deficiencies, including technology controls, will be remediated;
•Hire new finance team members with the appropriate experience, certifications, education and training for key financial reporting and accounting positions. Management believes that the addition of skilled personnel will help to facilitate adherence to policies, procedures and controls to strengthen our control environment;
•Implement controls to formalize roles and review responsibilities to align with the skills and experience of personnel, and implement formal controls over segregation of duties;
•Update our (i) existing accounting policies to eliminate subjective judgments where possible and (ii) internal control framework to promote consistency across the organization to support compliance with U.S. GAAP and regulatory requirements;
•Improve the design of our existing monitoring and oversight control activities at the corporate and divisional level, including additional layers of examination to ensure appropriate review procedures over journal entries and account reconciliations have taken place and have been documented appropriately;
•Provide ongoing communications and training to employees regarding the importance of adhering to control procedures and maintaining proper documentation, including training control owners regarding internal control processes to mitigate identified risks and to maintain adequate documentation to evidence the effective design and operation of key processes and controls; and
•Provide additional training to employees throughout the Company of (i) the Company's ethics and integrity policies included in the Code of Business Conduct and (ii) the whistleblower program. Management plans to enhance compliance practices, including the update and distribution of our Code of Business Conduct, whistleblower and ethics policies, which will continue to require annual certification by all employees.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 9B. Other Information
None.
PART III

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The Company's definitive proxy statement for the solicitation of proxies for its 2021 Annual Meeting of Limited Partners, which will be filed with the SEC pursuant to Registration 14A within 120 days of the end of the Company's fiscal year, is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The Company's definitive proxy statement for the solicitation of proxies for its 2021 Annual Meeting of Limited Partners, which will be filed with the SEC pursuant to Registration 14A within 120 days of the end of the Company's fiscal year, is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The Company's definitive proxy statement for the solicitation of proxies for its 2021 Annual Meeting of Limited Partners, which will be filed with the SEC pursuant to Registration 14A within 120 days of the end of the Company's fiscal year, is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The Company's definitive proxy statement for the solicitation of proxies for its 2021 Annual Meeting of Limited Partners, which will be filed with the SEC pursuant to Registration 14A within 120 days of the end of the Company's fiscal year, is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The Company's definitive proxy statement for the solicitation of proxies for its 2021 Annual Meeting of Limited Partners, which will be filed with the SEC pursuant to Registration 14A within 120 days of the end of the Company's fiscal year, is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
(a) Financial Statements - The following financial statements of Steel Partners Holdings L.P., and subsidiaries, are included in Part II, Item 8 of this Report:
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Capital for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(b) Exhibits - The following documents are filed as exhibits hereto:
Exhibit No. Description
3.1
Certificate of Limited Partnership (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Registration Statement on Form 10, filed December 15, 2011).
3.2
Amendment to the Certificate of Limited Partnership, dated April 2, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Registration Statement on Form 10, filed December 15, 2011).
3.3
Amendment to the Certificate of Limited Partnership, dated January 20, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Registration Statement on Form 10, filed December 15, 2011).
3.4
Amendment to the Certificate of Limited Partnership, dated October 15, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Registration Statement on Form 10, filed December 15, 2011).
3.5
Eighth Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Steel Partners Holdings L.P., dated as of February 20, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 24, 2020).
4.1
Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock of ModusLink Global Solutions, Inc. filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on December 15, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 19, 2017).
4.2+
Description of the Registrant's securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
10.1
Credit Agreement, dated as of November 14, 2017, among Handy & Harman Group Ltd., SPH Group Holdings LLC, Steel Excel Inc., API Americas Inc. and Cedar 2015 Limited as Borrowers, PNC Bank, National Association, in its capacity as administrative agent, the lenders party thereto, and certain of the Borrowers' affiliates in their capacities as guarantors*** (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed November 16, 2017).
10.2
First Amendment, dated as of April 27, 2018, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of November 14, 2017, by and among Handy & Harman Group Ltd., SPH Group Holdings LLC, Steel Excel Inc., API Americas Inc. and Cedar 2015 Limited as Borrowers, PNC Bank, National Association, in its capacity as administrative agent, the lenders party thereto, and certain of the Borrowers' affiliates in their capacities as guarantors*** (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 30, 2018).
10.3
Second Amendment, dated as of December 31, 2018, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of November 14, 2017, by and among Handy & Harman Group Ltd., SPH Group Holdings LLC, Steel Excel Inc., API Americas Inc., iGo, Inc. and Cedar 2015 Limited as Borrowers, PNC Bank, National Association, in its capacity as administrative agent, the lenders party thereto, and certain of the Borrowers' affiliates in their capacities as guarantors*** (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 4, 2019).
10.4
Third Amendment, dated as of January 31, 2019, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of November 14, 2017, by and among Handy & Harman Group Ltd., SPH Group Holdings LLC, Steel Excel Inc., API Americas Inc., iGo, Inc. and Cedar 2015 Limited as Borrowers, PNC Bank, National Association, in its capacity as administrative agent, the lenders party thereto, and certain of the Borrowers' affiliates in their capacities as guarantors*** (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 4, 2019).
10.5
Fourth Amendment, dated as of December 23, 2019, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of November 14, 2017, by and among Handy & Harman Group Ltd., SPH Group Holdings LLC, Steel Excel Inc., API Americas Inc., iGo, Inc. and Cedar 2015 Limited as Borrowers, PNC Bank, National Association, in its capacity as administrative agent, the lenders party thereto, and certain of the Borrowers' affiliates in their capacities as guarantors*** (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 23, 2019).
10.6
Fifth Amendment, dated as of January 31, 2020 to the Credit Agreement, dated as of November 14, 2017, by and among Handy & Harman Group Ltd., SPH Group Holdings LLC, Steel Excel Inc., API Americas Inc., iGo, Inc. and Cedar 2015 Limited as Borrowers, PNC Bank, National Association, in its capacity as administrative agent, the lenders party thereto, and certain of the Borrowers' affiliates in their capacities as guarantors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed January 31, 2020).
10.7
Sixth Amended and Restated Management Agreement by and between SP Corporate Services LLC and SP General Services LLC, effective as of January 1, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed January 13, 2015).
10.8*
Incentive Unit Agreement by and between Steel Partners Holdings L.P. and SPH SPV-I LLC, effective as of May 11, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed January 13, 2015).
10.9*
Amended & Restated 2018 Incentive Award Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 22, 2020).
10.10+*
Steel Partners Holdings L.P. Amended and Restated 2018 Incentive Award Plan Form Restricted Unit Agreement
10.11
Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of December 15, 2017, by and between ModusLink Global Solutions, Inc. and SPH Group Holdings LLC. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 19, 2017).
10.17*
Employment Agreement, dated March 11, 2019, by and between Steel Services Ltd. and Douglas B. Woodworth (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 14, 2019).
21+
Subsidiaries of Steel Partners Holdings L.P.
23.1+
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm-Deloitte & Touche LLP.
23.2+
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm-BDO USA, LLP.
24+
Power of Attorney (included in the signature page)
31.1+
Certification by the Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2+
Certification by the Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1#
Certification by the Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2#
Certification by the Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
99.1
Financial Statements of Steel Connect, Inc. for the two years ended July 31, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Part II, Item 8 of Steel Connect, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with Securities and Exchange Commission on September 30, 2020).
Exhibit 101.INS* XBRL Instance Document
Exhibit 101.SCH* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
Exhibit 101.CAL* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
Exhibit 101.DEF* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
Exhibit 101.LAB* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
Exhibit 101.PRE* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
+ Filed herewith.
* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
** Schedules and exhibits have been omitted pursuant to Item 601 (b)(2) of Regulation S-K.
# Furnished herewith.