EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 36840
Filing Year: 2024
Filename: 36840_10-K_2024_0001174947-24-000132.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
ITEM 1 BUSINESS
(a) General Business
First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey was organized on November 1, 1961 as a New Jersey Business Trust. On July 1, 2021, First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey completed the change of its form of organization from a New Jersey real estate investment trust (“REIT”) to a Maryland corporation (the “Reincorporation”) which was approved by its stockholders at the annual meeting of stockholders held on May 6, 2021. The Reincorporation changed the law applicable to First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey’s affairs from New Jersey law to Maryland law and was accomplished by the merger of First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey with and into its wholly owned subsidiary, First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey, Inc. (“FREIT”, “Trust”, “us”, “we”, “our” or the “Company”), a Maryland corporation. As a result of the Reincorporation, the separate existence of First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey has ceased and FREIT has succeeded to all the business, properties, assets and liabilities of First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey. Holders of shares of beneficial interest in First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey have received one newly issued share of common stock of FREIT for each share of First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey that they own, without any action of stockholders required and all treasury stock held by First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey was retired.
FREIT is organized and will continue to operate in such a manner as to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and its stock is traded on the over-the counter market under the trading symbol FREVS. FREIT acquires, develops, constructs and holds real estate properties for long-term investment and not for resale. FREIT’s long-range investment policy is to review and evaluate potential real estate investment opportunities for acquisition that it believes will (i) complement its existing investment portfolio, (ii) generate increased income and distributions to its stockholders, and (iii) increase the overall value of FREIT’s portfolio. FREIT’s investments may take the form of wholly-owned fee interests, or if the circumstances warrant diversification of risk, ownership on a joint venture basis or as tenants-in-common with other parties, including employees and affiliates of Hekemian & Co., Inc. (“Hekemian & Co.”), FREIT’s managing agent (See “Management Agreement”). While our general investment policy is to hold and maintain properties for the long-term, we may, from time-to-time, sell or trade certain properties in order to (i) obtain capital to be used to purchase, develop or renovate other properties which we believe will provide a higher rate of return and increase the value of our investment portfolio, and (ii) divest properties which we have determined or determine are no longer compatible with our growth strategies and investment objectives for our real estate portfolio.
FREIT Website: All of FREIT’s Securities and Exchange Commission filings for the past three years are available free of charge on FREIT’s website, which can be accessed at http://www.freitnj.com.
Fiscal Year 2023 Developments
(i) FINANCINGS
(a) Effective February 1, 2023, FREIT entered into a loan extension and modification agreement with Valley National Bank on its loan secured by the Westwood Plaza shopping center located in Westwood, New Jersey with a then outstanding balance of approximately $16,864,361. Under the terms and conditions of this loan extension and modification, the maturity date of the loan was extended for a term of one (1) year from February 1, 2023 to February 1, 2024 with the option of FREIT to extend for one additional year from the extended maturity date, subject to certain provisions of the loan agreement. The loan is based on a fixed interest rate of 7.5% and is payable based on monthly
installments of principal and interest of approximately $157,347. Additionally, FREIT funded an interest reserve escrow account (“Escrow”) at closing representing the annualized principal and interest payments for one (1) year, amounting to approximately $1,888,166. This Escrow is held at Valley National Bank and in the event of a default on this loan, the bank shall be permitted to use the proceeds from the escrow account to make monthly debt service payments on the loan. On October 31, 2023, FREIT exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of this loan for one additional year from an initial maturity date of February 1, 2024 to a new maturity date of February 1, 2025. This loan extension will be at a fixed interest rate based on the then corresponding Wall Street Journal Prime Rate (approximately 8.5%). (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
(b) On March 1, 2023, Westwood Hills, LLC (“Westwood Hills”) exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of its $25,000,000 loan on its residential property located in Westwood, New Jersey, for an additional six (6) months to a new maturity date of October 1, 2023 on the same terms and conditions as stated in the loan agreement. On August 3, 2023, Westwood Hills refinanced its $25,000,000 loan (which would have matured on October 1, 2023) with a new loan held by Minnesota Life Insurance Company in the amount of $25,500,000. This loan is based on a fixed interest rate of 6.05%, provides for monthly payments of principal and interest of $153,706 and has a term of three years with a maturity date of September 1, 2026. This refinancing resulted in a decrease in the interest rate from a variable interest rate of approximately 9.21% (at the time of the refinancing) to a fixed interest rate of 6.05% and annual debt service savings of approximately $535,000. (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
(c) On October 31, 2023, FREIT exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of its $7.5 million loan on its property located in Rockaway, New Jersey, for an additional one year from an initial maturity date of January 1, 2024 to a new maturity date of January 1, 2025. The loan extension would have been based on a fixed interest rate of approximately 7.44%. On January 11, 2024, FREIT fully repaid this loan with a balance of $7.5 million. This will result in annual debt service savings of approximately $558,000. (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
(d) FREIT’s revolving line of credit provided by Provident Bank was renewed for a three-year term ending on October 31, 2026. Draws against the credit line can be used for working capital needs and standby letters of credit. Draws against the credit line are secured by mortgages on FREIT’s Franklin Crossing Shopping Center in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey and retail space in Glen Rock, New Jersey. The total line of credit is $13 million and the interest rate on the amount outstanding will be based on a floating interest rate of prime minus 25 basis points with a floor of 6.75%. As of October 31, 2023, there was no amount outstanding and $13 million was available under the line of credit. (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
(e) On December 1, 2023, the mortgage secured by an apartment building located in River Edge, New Jersey in the amount of approximately $9 million came due. FREIT is in the process of refinancing this loan with the current lender, Provident Bank. While the bank is completing its due diligence around this refinancing, Provident Bank has provided a 90-day extension of the maturity date of this loan based on the same terms and conditions of the existing loan agreement. Management expects this loan to be refinanced, however, until such time as a definitive agreement providing for a refinancing of this loan is entered into, there can be no assurance this loan will be refinanced.
(ii) STOCKHOLDER RIGHTS PLAN
On July 28, 2023, FREIT’s Board of Directors (“Board”) adopted a stockholder rights plan, as set forth in the Stockholder Rights Agreement, dated July 31, 2023, between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as Rights Agent (the “Rights Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the Rights Agreement, the Board declared a dividend distribution of one Preferred Stock Purchase Right (a “Right”) for each outstanding share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (the “Common Stock”) to stockholders of record as of the close of business on August 11, 2023 (the “Record Date”). In addition, one Right will automatically attach to each share of Common Stock issued between the Record Date and the Distribution Date (as hereinafter defined). Each Right entitles the registered holder thereof to purchase from the Company a unit consisting of one ten-thousandth of a share (a “Unit”) of Series A Junior Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (the “Preferred Stock”) at a cash exercise price of $95.00 per Unit (the “Exercise Price”), subject to adjustment, under certain conditions specified in the Rights Agreement. The Rights are not exercisable until the Distribution Date and will expire at the close of business on July 31, 2026, unless previously redeemed or exchanged by the Company. (See Note 16 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
(b) Financial Information about Segments
FREIT has determined that it has two reportable segments: commercial properties and residential properties. These reportable segments offer different types of space, have different types of tenants and are managed separately because each requires different operating strategies and management expertise. Segment information for the three years ended October 31, 2023 is included in Note 13 “Segment Information” to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements.
(c) Narrative Description of Business
FREIT was founded and organized for the principal purpose of acquiring, developing, and owning a portfolio of diverse income producing real estate properties. FREIT’s developed properties include residential apartment communities and commercial properties that consist of multi and single tenanted properties. Our properties are located in New Jersey and New York. We also currently own approximately 7.37 acres of unimproved land in New Jersey. See Item 2, “Properties - Portfolio of Investments.”
FREIT elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code. FREIT operates in such a manner as to qualify for taxation as a REIT in order to take advantage of certain favorable tax aspects of the REIT structure. Generally, a REIT will not be subject to federal income taxes on that portion of its ordinary income or capital gain that is currently distributed to its equity holders.
As an equity REIT, we generally acquire interests in income producing properties to be held as long-term investments. FREIT’s return on such investments is based on the income generated by such properties mainly in the form of rents.
From time to time, FREIT has sold, and may sell again in the future, certain of its properties in order to (i) obtain capital used or to be used to purchase, develop or renovate other properties which we believe will provide a higher rate of return and increase the value of our investment portfolio, and (ii) divest properties which FREIT has determined or determines are no longer compatible with our growth strategies and investment objectives for our real estate portfolio.
We do not hold any patents, registered trademarks, or licenses.
Portfolio of Real Estate Investments
At October 31, 2023, FREIT’s real estate holdings included (i) six (6) multi-family apartment buildings or complexes containing a total of 792 apartment units, (ii) a 65% tenancy-in-common undivided interest in the Pierre Towers property (See Item 1 “Investment in tenancy in common” of this Annual Report for additional details), (iii) five (5) commercial properties containing a total of approximately 589,000 square feet of leasable space, including one (1) one-acre parcel subject to a ground lease and (iv) three (3) parcels of undeveloped land consisting of approximately 7.37 acres in total. FREIT and its subsidiaries own all such properties in fee simple. See Item 2, “Properties - Portfolio of Investments” of this Annual Report for a description of FREIT’s separate investment properties and certain other pertinent information with respect to such properties that is relevant to FREIT’s business.
Investment in Subsidiaries
The consolidated financial statements (See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Form 10-K) include the accounts of the following subsidiaries of FREIT:
Westwood Hills, LLC (“Westwood Hills”): FREIT owns a 40% membership interest in Westwood Hills, which owns and operates a 210-unit residential apartment complex in Westwood, New Jersey.
Wayne PSC, LLC (“Wayne PSC”): FREIT owns a 40% membership interest in Wayne PSC, which owns a 322,000 square foot shopping center in Wayne, New Jersey.
Grande Rotunda, LLC: FREIT owns a 60% membership interest in Grande Rotunda, which owned the Rotunda Property sold in December 2021.
Damascus Centre, LLC: FREIT owns a 70% membership interest in Damascus Centre, which owned the Damascus Property sold in January 2022.
WestFREIT, Corp: FREIT owns 100% of the capital stock of WestFREIT, Corp., which owned the Westridge Square Property sold in January 2022.
FREIT Regency, LLC: FREIT owns a 100% membership interest in FREIT Regency, LLC, which owns a 132-unit residential apartment complex located in Middletown, New York.
Station Place on Monmouth, LLC: FREIT owns a 100% membership interest in Station Place on Monmouth, LLC, which owns a 45-unit residential apartment complex located in Red Bank, New Jersey.
Berdan Court, LLC: FREIT owns a 100% membership interest in Berdan Court, LLC, which owns a 176-unit residential apartment complex located in Wayne, New Jersey.
Investment in tenancy-in-common
On February 28, 2020, FREIT reorganized its subsidiary S and A Commercial Associates Limited Partnership (“S&A”) from a partnership into a tenancy-in-common form of ownership (“TIC”). Prior to this reorganization, FREIT owned a 65% membership interest in S&A, which owned 100% of the Pierre Towers property located in Hackensack, New Jersey through its 100% interest in Pierre Towers, LLC. Pursuant to the TIC agreement, FREIT ultimately acquired a 65% undivided interest in the Pierre Towers property, a 266-unit residential apartment complex in Hackensack, New Jersey (which was formerly owned by S&A). (See Note 3 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
Employees
On October 31, 2023, there were twenty-one (21) full-time employees and two (2) part-time employees who work solely at the properties owned by FREIT and its subsidiaries (including the Pierre TIC). The number of part-time employees varies seasonally.
Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., Chief Executive Officer and President, Ronald J. Artinian, Chairman of the Board, Allan Tubin, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer, and John A. Aiello, Esq., Secretary, are the executive officers of FREIT. FREIT does not retain the services of its executive officers on an exclusive basis, and accordingly FREIT’s executive officers are permitted to engage in other business activities as all of their business activities are not devoted to FREIT. Please see “Item 10 - Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance,” for additional information about FREIT’s executive officers. Hekemian & Co. has been retained by FREIT to manage FREIT’s properties and is responsible for recruiting, on behalf of FREIT, the personnel required to perform all services related to the operation of FREIT’s properties. See “Management Agreement” below.
Management Agreement
On April 10, 2002, FREIT and Hekemian & Co. executed a Management Agreement whereby Hekemian & Co. would continue as managing agent for FREIT. The Management Agreement automatically renews for successive periods of two years unless either party gives not less than six (6) months prior notice to the other of non-renewal. The term of the Management Agreement was renewed for a two-year term, which will expire on October 31, 2025. Hekemian & Co. currently manages all the properties owned by FREIT and its affiliates, except for the office building at the Rotunda property located in Baltimore, Maryland, which was sold on December 30, 2021 and was formerly managed by an independent third party management company. However, FREIT may retain other managing agents to manage properties acquired after April 10, 2002 and to perform various other duties such as sales, acquisitions, and development with respect to any or all properties. Hekemian & Co. does not serve as the exclusive property acquisition advisor to FREIT and is not required to offer potential acquisition properties exclusively to FREIT before acquiring those properties for its own account. The Management Agreement includes a detailed schedule of fees for those services, which Hekemian & Co. may be called upon to perform. The Management Agreement provides for a termination fee (“Termination Fee”) in the event of a termination by FREIT without cause and a termination fee of 1.25 times the Termination Fee if the Management Agreement terminates following a merger or acquisition of FREIT (the “M&A Termination Fee”). On March 9, 2023, the Board approved an amendment to the Management Agreement (the “Second Amendment”) which provides, among other things, that the M&A Termination Fee shall be increased from 1.25 times the Termination Fee to 2.5 times the Termination Fee.
Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, FREIT pays Hekemian & Co. fees and commissions as compensation for its services. From time to time, FREIT engages Hekemian & Co., or certain affiliates of Hekemian & Co., to provide additional services, such as consulting services related to development, property sales and financing activities of FREIT. Separate fee arrangements are negotiated between Hekemian & Co. and FREIT with respect to such additional services. Employees of Hekemian & Co. own an interest in certain FREIT properties. (See Note 8 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements.)
Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., Chief Executive Officer, President and a Director of FREIT, is the Chief Executive Officer of Hekemian & Co., and owns approximately 33.3% of all of the issued and outstanding shares of Hekemian & Co. David Hekemian, a Director of FREIT, is the President of Hekemian & Co., and owns approximately 33.3% of all of the issued and outstanding shares of Hekemian & Co. Allan Tubin, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of FREIT, is the Chief Financial Officer of Hekemian & Co.
Real Estate Financing
FREIT funds acquisition opportunities and the development of its real estate properties largely through debt financing, including mortgage loans collateralized by certain of its properties. At October 31, 2023, FREIT’s aggregate outstanding mortgage debt was $138.2 million, which bears a weighted average interest rate of 4.86% and an average life of 2 years. See the tables in Item 2, “Properties - Portfolio of Investments” for the outstanding mortgage balances at October 31, 2023 with respect to each of these properties.
FREIT is highly leveraged and will continue to be for the foreseeable future. This level of indebtedness results in increased debt service requirements that could adversely affect the financial condition and results of operations of FREIT. A number of FREIT’s mortgage loans are amortized over a period that is longer than the terms of such loans; thereby requiring balloon payments at the expiration of the terms of such loans. FREIT has not established a cash reserve sinking fund with respect to such obligations and at this time does not expect to have sufficient funds from operations to make such balloon payments when due under the terms of such loans. FREIT and its subsidiaries expect to refinance such mortgage loans as they become due. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources” under Item 7.
FREIT is subject to the normal risks associated with debt financing, including the risk that FREIT’s cash flow will be insufficient to meet required payments of principal and interest; the risk that indebtedness on its properties will not be able to be renewed, repaid or refinanced when due; or that the terms of any renewal or refinancing will not be as favorable as the terms of the indebtedness being replaced. If FREIT were unable to refinance its indebtedness on acceptable terms, or at all, FREIT might be forced to dispose of one or more of its properties on disadvantageous terms which might result in losses to FREIT. These losses
could have a material adverse effect on FREIT and its ability to make distributions to stockholders and to pay amounts due on its debt. If a property is mortgaged to secure payment of indebtedness and FREIT is unable to meet mortgage payments, the mortgagee could foreclose upon the property, appoint a receiver and receive an assignment of rents and leases or pursue other remedies, all with a consequent loss of revenues and asset value to FREIT. Further, payment obligations on FREIT’s mortgage loans will not be reduced if there is a decline in the economic performance of any of FREIT’s properties. If any such decline in economic performance occurs, FREIT’s revenues, earnings, and funds available for distribution to stockholders would be adversely affected.
Neither FREIT’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended, nor any policy statement formally adopted by the Board limits either the total amount of indebtedness or the specified percentage of indebtedness (based on the total capitalization of FREIT), which may be incurred by FREIT. Accordingly, FREIT may incur additional secured or unsecured indebtedness in the future in furtherance of its business activities, including, if or when necessary, to refinance its existing debt. Future debt incurred by FREIT could bear interest at rates, which are higher than the rates on FREIT’s existing debt. Future debt incurred by FREIT could also bear interest at a variable rate. Increases in interest rates would increase FREIT’s variable interest costs (to the extent that the related indebtedness was not protected by interest rate protection arrangements), which could have a material adverse effect on FREIT and its ability to make distributions to stockholders and to pay amounts due on its debt or cause FREIT to be in default under its debt. Further, in the future, FREIT may not be able to, or may determine that it is not able to, obtain financing for property acquisitions or for capital expenditures to develop or improve its properties on terms, which are acceptable to FREIT. In such event, FREIT might elect to defer certain projects unless alternative sources of capital were available, such as through an equity or debt offering by FREIT.
Competitive Conditions
FREIT is subject to normal competition with other investors to acquire real property and profitably manage such property. Numerous other REITs, banks, insurance companies and pension funds, as well as corporate and individual developers and owners of real estate, compete with FREIT in seeking properties for acquisition and for tenants. Many of these competitors have significantly greater financial resources than FREIT.
In addition, retailers at FREIT's commercial properties face increasing competition from online shopping, outlet malls and discount shopping clubs. In many markets, the trade areas of FREIT's commercial properties overlap with the trade areas of other shopping centers. Renovations and expansions at those competing shopping centers and malls could negatively affect FREIT's commercial properties by encouraging shoppers to make their purchases at such new, expanded or renovated shopping centers and malls. Increased competition through these various sources could adversely affect the viability of FREIT's tenants, and any new commercial real estate competition developed in the future could potentially have an adverse effect on the revenues of and earnings from FREIT's commercial properties.
(A) General Factors Affecting Investment in Commercial and Apartment Properties; Effect of Economic and Real Estate Conditions
The revenues and value of FREIT’s commercial and residential apartment properties may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including, without limitation, public health crises, epidemics and pandemics (See Note 15 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements); the national economic climate (including rising interest rates and inflation); the regional economic climate (which may be adversely affected by plant closings, industry slow-downs and other local business factors); local real estate conditions (such as an oversupply of retail space or apartment units); perceptions by retailers or shoppers of the security, safety, convenience and attractiveness of a shopping center; perception by residential tenants of the safety, convenience and attractiveness of an apartment building or complex; the proximity and the number of competing shopping centers and apartment complexes; the availability of recreational and other amenities and the willingness and ability of the owner to provide capable management and adequate maintenance. In addition, other factors may adversely affect the fair market value of a commercial property or apartment building or complex without necessarily affecting the revenues, including changes in government regulations (such as limitations on development or on hours of operation), changes in tax laws or rates and potential environmental or other legal liabilities.
(B) Commercial Shopping Center Properties' Dependence on Anchor Stores and Satellite Tenants
FREIT believes that its revenues and earnings, its ability to meet its debt obligations and its funds available for distribution to stockholders would be adversely affected if space in FREIT's multi-store shopping center properties could not be leased or if anchor store tenants or satellite tenants failed to meet their lease obligations.
The success of FREIT's investment in its shopping center properties is largely dependent upon the success of its tenants. Unfavorable economic, demographic, or competitive conditions may adversely affect the financial condition of tenants and consequently the lease revenues from and the value of FREIT's investments in its shopping center properties. If the sales of stores operating in FREIT's shopping center properties were to decline due to deteriorating economic conditions, the tenants may be unable to pay their base rents or meet other lease charges and fees due to FREIT. In addition, any lease provisions providing for additional rent based on a percentage of sales would not be operative in this economic environment. In the event
of default by a tenant, FREIT could suffer a loss of rent and experience extraordinary delays while incurring additional costs in enforcing its rights under the lease, which FREIT may not be able to recapture.
As of October 31, 2023, the following table lists the five (5) largest commercial tenants, which account for approximately 60.3% of FREIT’s leased commercial rental space and 47.3% of fixed commercial rents.
Tenant Center Sq. Ft.
% of Revenue
Stop & Shop Supermarket Co. Preakness 61,020
11.5%
Stop & Shop Supermarket Co. Franklin Crossing 48,673
15.5%
TJ Maxx (1) Westwood Plaza 28,480
10.4%
T-Bowl, Inc. (2) Preakness 27,195
5.9%
CVS Preakness 8,950
4.0%
(1) Pursuant to a co-tenancy clause within FREIT's lease agreement with TJ Maxx, if for any period of more than 180 consecutive days from the date that Kmart is not open for business, then the co-tenancy clause goes into effect for a one year period. During this time, TJ Maxx will have the option to either (a) pay equal to the lesser of either the monthly installment of minimum rent which otherwise would have been payable for said month or 2% of Gross Sales for said month or (b) TJ Maxx may terminate their lease. Effective March 28, 2024, TJ Maxx has elected the option to pay equal to the lesser of either the monthly installment of minimum rent which otherwise would have been payable for said month or 2% of Gross Sales for said month.
(2) Since the shutdown for several months in Fiscal 2020 due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, this tenant has not paid full base rent and additional rent. Rental revenue for this tenant of approximately $308,000, $258,000 and $369,000 during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, was not recognized as revenue in the respective year. See “Renewal of leases and Reletting of Space” below and Note 15 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details.
(C) Renewal of Leases and Reletting of Space
There is no assurance that we will be able to retain tenants at our commercial properties upon expiration of their leases. Upon expiration or termination of leases for space located in FREIT's commercial properties, the premises may not be relet or the terms of reletting (including the cost of concessions to tenants) may not be as favorable as lease terms for the terminated lease. If FREIT was unable to promptly relet all or a substantial portion of this space or if the rental rates upon such reletting were significantly lower than current or expected rates, FREIT's revenues and earnings, FREIT’s ability to service its debt, and FREIT’s ability to make distributions to its stockholders, could be adversely affected.
In Fiscal 2021, the lease for T-Bowl, Inc., which does business as a bowling alley at the Preakness Shopping Center located in Wayne, New Jersey, expired and has since been on a month-to-month basis. Since the shutdown for several months in Fiscal 2020 due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, this tenant has not paid full base rent and additional rent. Rental revenue for this tenant of approximately $308,000, $258,000 and $369,000 during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, was not recognized as revenue in the respective year. If the tenant does not extend or renew this lease and vacates this space, FREIT’s operating results will be adversely impacted from the loss of potential base rent and additional rent of approximately $576,000 on an annualized basis. The Company is currently in discussions with this tenant.
On June 24, 2023, the owner/operator of the 84,254 square foot Kmart store located at our Westwood Plaza shopping center in Westwood, New Jersey informed FREIT of its intent to sublet its space to three unidentified retail tenants. The current term of the lease for Kmart expires on October 31, 2027 with two 5-year renewal options remaining. The lease agreement provides that base rent payments are fixed at $4.00 per square foot ($336,720 annually) and additional rent for common area maintenance and insurance costs are based on an amount less than Kmart’s pro rata share of the shopping center. After reviewing the K-Mart space, management determined that the space has a fair market rental rate of between $15 and $24 per square foot. While significant tenant and/or capital improvements will be necessary to fit-up this space for a new tenant or tenants, the higher rent potentially realizable equates to annual revenues in excess of approximately $930,000 to $1,685,000. FREIT believes potentially higher rent amounts, if achieved, will more than offset lost rent from Kmart and other tenants with co-tenancy clauses and will only increase the overall value of the shopping center. Accordingly, on July 24, 2023, FREIT denied Kmart’s request and elected pursuant to the lease to terminate the Kmart lease effective October 19, 2023. Thus, FREIT now has full control of this space instead of waiting another 14 years to renegotiate or re-lease this space at a higher market rent. As management is unable to predict the length of time it may take to re-lease this space, the Westwood Plaza shopping center will incur losses of annual base rent revenues of approximately $726,000 to $962,000 until such time as this space is re-leased. (See Note 17 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
There were no other material lease expirations during Fiscal 2023 and Fiscal 2022.
(D) Illiquidity of Real Estate Investments; Possibility that Value of FREIT's Interests may be less than its Investment
Equity real estate investments are relatively illiquid. Accordingly, the ability of FREIT to vary its portfolio in response to changing economic, market or other conditions is limited. Also, FREIT's interests in its partially owned subsidiaries are subject to transfer constraints imposed by the operating agreements which govern FREIT’s investment in these partially owned subsidiaries. Even without such restrictions on the transfer of its interests, FREIT believes that there would be a limited market for its interests in these partially owned subsidiaries.
If FREIT had to liquidate all or substantially all of its real estate holdings, the value of such assets would likely be diminished if a sale were required to be completed in a limited time frame. The proceeds to FREIT from any such sale of the assets in FREIT’s real estate portfolio would therefore be less than the fair market value of those assets.
Impact of Governmental Laws and Regulations on Registrant's Business
FREIT’s properties are subject to various federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations, including those relating to the environment and local rent control and zoning ordinances.
(A) Environmental Matters
Both federal and state governments are concerned with the impact of real estate construction and development programs upon the environment. Environmental legislation affects the cost of selling real estate, the cost to develop real estate, and the risks associated with purchasing real estate.
Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations, an owner of real property may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of certain hazardous or toxic substances at, on, in or under such property, as well as certain other potential costs relating to hazardous or toxic substances (including government fines and penalties and damages for injuries to persons and adjacent property). Such laws often impose such liability without regard to whether the owners knew of, or were responsible for, the presence or disposal of such substances. Such liability may be imposed on the owner in connection with the activities of any operator of, or tenant at, the property. The cost of any required remediation, removal, fines or personal injury or property damages and the property owner's liability for same could exceed the value of the property and/or the aggregate assets of the owner. In addition, the presence of such substances, or the failure to properly dispose of or remediate such substances, may adversely affect the owner's ability to sell or rent such property or to borrow using such property as collateral. If FREIT incurred any such liability, it could reduce FREIT's revenues and ability to make distributions to its stockholders.
A property can also be negatively impacted by either physical contamination or by virtue of an adverse effect upon value attributable to the migration of hazardous or toxic substances, or other contaminants that have or may have emanated from other properties.
At this time, FREIT is aware of the following environmental matters affecting its properties:
(i) Westwood Plaza Shopping Center, Westwood, NJ
This property is in a Flood Hazard Zone. FREIT maintains flood insurance in the amount of $500,000 for the subject property, which is the maximum available under the Flood Program for the property. Any reconstruction of that portion of the property situated in the flood hazard zone is subject to regulations promulgated by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection ("NJDEP"), which could require extraordinary construction methods. FREIT acquired the Westwood Plaza property in 1988, and the property has not experienced any flooding that gave rise to any claims under FREIT’s flood insurance since the date of acquisition.
(ii) Other
a) The State of New Jersey has adopted an underground fuel storage tank law and various regulations with respect to underground storage tanks.
FREIT no longer has underground storage tanks on any of its properties.
During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019, FREIT conducted environmental audits for all of its properties. The environmental reports secured by FREIT have not revealed any environmental conditions on its properties, which require any further remediation pursuant to any applicable federal or state law or regulation.
b) FREIT has determined that several of its properties contain lead based paint (“LBP”). FREIT has obtained lead-free interior certifications with respect to all properties that were found to contain LBP, certifying that such properties contain no LBP on the interior surfaces. FREIT believes that it complies with all federal, state and local requirements as they pertain to LBP.
FREIT does not believe that the environmental conditions described in subparagraphs (i) and (ii) above will have a material adverse effect upon the capital expenditures, revenues, earnings, financial condition or competitive position of FREIT.
(B) Rent Control Ordinances
Each of the apartment buildings or complexes owned by FREIT or an affiliate of FREIT, is subject to some form of rent control ordinance which limits the amount by which FREIT or an affiliate of FREIT, can increase the rent for renewed leases, and in some cases, limits the amount of rent which FREIT or an affiliate of FREIT can charge for vacated units, except for The Regency, Westwood Hills, The Boulders at Rockaway, and Station Place which are not subject to any rent control law or regulation.
(C) Zoning Ordinances
Local zoning ordinances may prevent FREIT from renovating, expanding or converting its existing properties for their highest and best use as determined by the Board. In Fiscal 2021, Wayne PSC received approvals from the Township of Wayne to allow it to redevelop the site immediately behind the former Macy’s department store to include 244 residential units with 37 units earmarked for affordable housing.
(D) Financial Information about Foreign and Domestic Operations and Export Sale
FREIT does not engage in operations in foreign countries and it does not derive any portion of its revenues from customers in foreign countries.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1A RISK FACTORS
Almost all of FREIT’s income and cash flow are derived from the net rental income (revenues after expenses) from our properties. FREIT’s business and financial results are affected by the following fundamental factors:
● public health crises, epidemics and pandemics;
● the national and regional economic climate;
● occupancy rates at the properties;
● tenant turnover rates;
● rental rates;
● operating expenses;
● tenant improvement and leasing costs;
● cost of and availability of capital;
● failure of banking institutions;
● failure of insurance carriers;
● new acquisitions and development projects;
● cybersecurity breaches; and
● changes in governmental regulations, real estate tax rates and similar matters.
A negative or adverse quality change in the above factors could potentially cause a detrimental effect on FREIT’s revenue, earnings and cash flow. If rental revenues decline, we would expect to have less cash available to pay our indebtedness and distribute to our stockholders.
Adverse impact resulting from the public health crises, epidemics and pandemics: FREIT is subject to risks related to the effects of public health crises, epidemics and pandemics, including COVID-19. Such events could inhibit global, national and local economic activity; constrain our access to capital and other sources of funding, which could adversely affect the availability and terms of future borrowings or refinancings; adversely affect our residential tenants’ financial condition due to a sustained loss of income, which could affect their ability to pay rent; adversely affect our commercial tenants’ financial condition by limiting foot traffic and staffing at their businesses, which could affect their ability to pay rent and willingness to make new leasing commitments; reduce our cash flow, which could impact our ability to pay dividends or to service our debt; temporarily or permanently reduce the demand for retail space; reduce the value of our real estate assets, which may result in material non-cash impairment charges in future periods; and have other direct and indirect effects that are difficult to predict. Such risks depend upon the nature and severity of the public health concern, as well as the extent and duration of government-mandated orders and personal decisions to limit travel, economic activity and personal interaction, none of which can be predicted with confidence.
Adverse Changes in General Economic Climate: FREIT derives the majority of its revenues from renting apartments to individuals or families, and from retailers renting space at its shopping centers. Over the past several years, there have been many factors aiding in economic growth in the United States such as: (a) improvement in the housing market; (b) increased consumer confidence to push spending modestly higher; (c) improvements in private sector employment; and (d) improved credit availability. However, there have been many factors impacting long-term economic growth, including, without limitation: (i) continued political gridlock in the federal government; (ii) regulatory uncertainties; (iii) continued infrastructure deterioration; (iv) increasing concerns regarding terrorism; (v) rising healthcare costs; (vi) the impact of trade policies; and more recently, (vii) rising energy, wages and consumer prices driving an increase in inflation along with increasing interest rates.
FREIT receives a substantial portion of its operating income as rent under long-term leases with commercial tenants. At any time, any of our commercial tenants could experience a downturn in its business that might weaken its financial condition. These tenants might defer or fail to make rental payments when due, delay lease commencement, voluntarily vacate the premises or declare bankruptcy, which could result in the termination of the tenant’s lease, and could result in material losses to us and harm to our results of operations. Also, it might take time to terminate leases of underperforming or nonperforming tenants and FREIT might incur costs to remove such tenants. Also, if tenants are unable to comply with the terms of their leases, FREIT might modify lease terms in ways that are less favorable to FREIT.
Tenants unable to pay rent: Financially distressed tenants may be unable to pay rents and expense recovery charges, where applicable, and may default on their leases. Enforcing FREIT’s rights as landlord could result in substantial costs and may not result in a full recovery of unpaid rent. If a tenant files for bankruptcy, the tenant’s lease may be terminated. In each such instance FREIT’s income and cash flow would be negatively impacted.
Costs of re-renting space: If tenants fail to renew leases, fail to exercise renewal options, or terminate their leases early, the lost rents due to vacancy and the costs of re-renting the space could prove costly to FREIT. In addition to cleaning and renovating the vacated space, we may be required to grant concessions to a new tenant, and may incur leasing brokerage commissions. The lease terms to a new tenant may be less favorable than the prior tenant’s lease terms, and will negatively impact FREIT’s income and cash flow and adversely affect FREIT’s ability to pay mortgage debt and interest or make distributions to its stockholders.
Inflation may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations: Increased inflation could have a pronounced negative impact on FREIT’s operating and administrative expenses, as these costs may increase at a higher rate than FREIT’s rents. While increases in most operating expenses at FREIT’s commercial properties can be passed on to retail tenants, increases in expenses at its residential properties cannot be passed on to residential tenants. Unreimbursed increased operating expenses may reduce cash flow available for payment of mortgage debt and interest and for distributions to stockholders.
Development and construction risks: As part of its investment strategy, FREIT seeks to acquire property for development and construction, as well as to develop and build on land already in its portfolio. Development and construction activities are challenged with the following risks, which may adversely affect FREIT’s cash flow:
● financing may not be available in the amounts FREIT seeks, or may not be on favorable terms;
● long-term financing may not be available upon completion of the construction;
● failure to complete construction on schedule or within budget may increase debt service costs and construction costs; and
● abandoned project costs could result in an impairment loss.
Debt financing could adversely affect income and cash flow: FREIT relies on debt financing to fund its growth through acquisitions and development activities. To the extent third party debt financing is not available or not available on acceptable terms, acquisitions and development activities will be curtailed.
As of October 31, 2023, FREIT had approximately $138.2 million of non-recourse fixed interest rate mortgage debt, including deferred interest, and no non-recourse variable interest rate mortgage debt. These mortgages are being repaid over periods (amortization schedules) that are longer than the terms of the mortgages. Accordingly, when the mortgages become due (at various times), significant balloon payments (the unpaid principal amounts) will be required. FREIT expects to refinance the individual mortgages with new mortgages or exercise extension options available to FREIT or its subsidiaries when their terms expire. To this extent, FREIT has exposure to capital availability and interest rate risk. If interest rates, at the time any individual mortgage note is due, are higher than the current fixed interest rate, higher debt service may be required and/or refinancing proceeds may be less than the amount of the mortgage debt being retired. To the extent FREIT is unable to refinance its indebtedness on acceptable terms, FREIT might need to dispose of one or more of its properties upon disadvantageous terms.
FREIT’s revolving $13 million credit line (of which $13 million was available as of October 31, 2023), and several of its loan agreements require FREIT or its subsidiaries to meet or maintain certain financial covenants that could restrict FREIT’s acquisition activities and result in a default on these loans if FREIT fails to satisfy these covenants. (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements.)
Failure of banking and financing institutions: Banking and financing institutions such as insurance companies provide FREIT with credit lines and construction financing. The credit lines available to FREIT may be used for a variety of business purposes, including general corporate purposes, acquisitions, construction, and letters of credit. Construction financing enables FREIT to develop new properties, or renovate or expand existing properties. A failure of the banking institution making credit lines available may render the line unavailable and adversely affect FREIT’s liquidity, and negatively impact FREIT’s operations in a number of ways. A failure of a financial institution unable to fund its construction financing obligations to FREIT may cause the construction to halt or be delayed. Substitute financing may be significantly more expensive, and construction delays may subject FREIT to delivery penalties.
Failure of insurance carriers: FREIT’s properties are insured against unforeseen liability claims, property damages, and other hazards. The insurance companies FREIT uses have good ratings at the time the policies are put into effect. Substantially all of FREIT’s insurance coverage is provided by one carrier. Financial failure of FREIT’s carriers may result in their inability to pay current and future claims. This inability to pay claims may have an adverse impact on FREIT’s financial condition. In addition, a failure of a FREIT insurance carrier may cause FREIT’s insurance renewal or replacement policy costs to increase.
Real estate is a competitive business: FREIT is subject to normal competition with other investors to acquire real property and profitably manage such property. Numerous other REITs, banks, insurance companies and pension funds, as well as corporate and individual developers and owners of real estate, compete with FREIT in seeking properties for acquisition and for tenants. Many of these competitors have significantly greater financial resources than FREIT. In addition, retailers at FREIT's commercial properties face increasing competition from online shopping, outlet malls and discount shopping clubs. In many markets, the trade areas of FREIT's commercial properties overlap with the trade areas of other shopping centers. Renovations and expansions at those competing shopping centers and malls could negatively affect FREIT's commercial properties by encouraging shoppers to make their purchases at such new, expanded or renovated shopping centers and malls. Increased competition through these various sources could adversely affect the viability of FREIT's tenants, and any new commercial real estate competition developed in the future could potentially have an adverse effect on the revenues of and earnings from FREIT's commercial properties.
FREIT also faces competition with respect to its residential properties based on a variety of factors, including perception by residential tenants of the safety, convenience and attractiveness of an apartment building or complex; the proximity and the number of competing apartment complexes; the proximity of commercial shopping centers; the availability of recreational and
other amenities and the willingness and ability of the owner to provide capable management and adequate maintenance. Certain of these factors, such as the availability of amenities in the area surrounding a residential property, are not within FREIT’s control.
Illiquidity of real estate investment: Real estate investments are relatively difficult to buy and sell quickly. Accordingly, the ability of FREIT to diversify its portfolio in response to changing economic, market or other conditions is limited. Also, FREIT’s interests in its partially owned subsidiaries are subject to transfer constraints imposed under the operating agreements that govern FREIT’s investment in these partially owned subsidiaries.
Environmental problems may be costly: Both federal and state governments are concerned with the impact of real estate construction and development programs upon the environment. Environmental legislation affects the cost of selling real estate, the cost to develop real estate, and the risks associated with purchasing real estate.
Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations, an owner of real property may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of certain hazardous or toxic substances at, on, in or under such property, as well as certain other potential costs relating to hazardous or toxic substances (including government fines and penalties and damages for injuries to persons and adjacent property). Such laws often impose such liability without regard to whether the owners knew of, or were responsible for, the presence or disposal of such substances. Such liability may be imposed on the owner in connection with the activities of any operator of, or tenant at the property. The cost of any required remediation, removal, fines or personal injury or property damages and the property owner's liability for same could exceed the value of the property and/or the aggregate assets of the owner. In addition, the presence of such substances, or the failure to properly dispose of or remediate such substances, may adversely affect the owner's ability to sell or rent such property or to borrow using such property as collateral. If FREIT incurred any such liability, it could reduce FREIT's revenues and ability to make distributions to its stockholders. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019, FREIT conducted environmental audits for all of its properties. The environmental reports secured by FREIT have not revealed any environmental conditions on its properties which require any further remediation pursuant to any applicable federal or state law or regulations.
A property can also be negatively impacted by either physical contamination or by virtue of an adverse effect upon value attributable to the migration of hazardous or toxic substances, or other contaminants that have or may have emanated from other properties.
Qualification as a REIT: Since its inception in 1961, FREIT has elected to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, and will continue to operate in such a manner as to qualify as a REIT. In order to qualify as a REIT, we must satisfy a number of highly technical and complex provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. Governmental legislation, new regulations, and administrative interpretations may significantly change the tax laws with respect to the requirements for qualification as a REIT, or the federal income tax consequences of qualifying as a REIT. Although FREIT intends to continue to operate in a manner to allow it to qualify as a REIT, future economic, market, legal, tax or other considerations may cause it to revoke the REIT election or fail to qualify as a REIT. Such a revocation would subject FREIT’s income to federal income tax at regular corporate rates, and failure to qualify as a REIT would also eliminate the requirement that FREIT pay dividends to its stockholders.
Change of investment and operating policies: FREIT’s investment and operating policies, including indebtedness and dividends, are exclusively determined by the Board, and not subject to stockholder approval.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 1B UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ITEM 2 PROPERTIES
Portfolio of Investments: The following tables set forth certain information relating to each of FREIT's real estate investments in addition to the specific mortgages encumbering the properties.
Residential Apartment Properties as of October 31, 2023:
Property & Location Year
Acquired No.
of
Units Average Annual
Occupancy Rate for
the Year Ended
10/31/23 Average
Monthly Rent
per Unit @
10/31/23* Average
Monthly Rent
per Unit @
10/31/22* Mortgage
Balance ($000)
@ 10/31/23 Depreciated Cost of
Land, Buildings &
Equipment ($000)
@ 10/31/23
Berdan Court (1) 96.8% $2,211 $2,033 $28,815 $1,544
Wayne, NJ
Regency Club 97.7% $2,044 $1,880 $14,254 $17,172
Middletown, NY
Steuben Arms 97.8% $1,865 $1,745 $9,022 $861
River Edge, NJ
Westwood Hills (2) 96.3% $2,323 $2,141 $25,450 (4) $7,577
Westwood Hills, NJ
Boulders 96.6% $2,534 $2,299 $7,500 (5) $13,889
Rockaway, NJ
Station Place (3) 94.1% $3,435 $3,476 $11,521 $17,982
Red Bank, NJ
* Average monthly rent per unit excludes the impact of rent concessions and abatements.
(1) Berdan Court is 100% owned by Berdan Court, LLC, which is 100% owned by FREIT.
(2) FREIT owns a 40% equity interest in Westwood Hills, LLC, which owns 100% of the Westwood Hills property.
(3) Station Place is 100% owned by Station Place on Monmouth, LLC, which is 100% owned by FREIT.
(4) On August 3, 2023, Westwood Hills, LLC refinanced its $25,000,000 loan secured by its residential property located in Westwood, New Jersey with a new loan held by Minnesota Life Insurance Company in the amount of $25,500,000. This loan is based on a fixed interest rate of 6.05%, provides for monthly payments of principal and interest of $153,706 and has a term of three years with a maturity date of September 1, 2026. This refinancing resulted in a decrease in the interest rate from a variable interest rate of approximately 9.21% (at the time of the refinancing) to a fixed interest rate of 6.05% and annual debt service savings of approximately $535,000. See Note 5 to FREIT's consolidated financial statements for further details.
(5) On December 30, 2021, FREIT refinanced its $14.4 million loan (which would have matured on February 1, 2022) with a new loan held by ConnectOne Bank in the amount of $7,500,000, with additional funding available to be drawn upon through December 31, 2023 in the amount of $7,500,000. This loan is interest-only and had a maturity date of January 1, 2024 with the option of FREIT to extend for one year from the maturity date, subject to certain provisions of the loan agreement. On October 31, 2023, FREIT exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of this loan for an additional one year from an initial maturity date of January 1, 2024 to a new maturity date of January 1, 2025. The loan extension would have been based on a fixed interest rate of approximately 7.44%. On January 11, 2024, FREIT fully repaid this loan with a balance of $7.5 million. This will result in annual debt service savings of approximately $558,000. See Note 5 to FREIT's consolidated financial statements for further details.
Commercial Properties as of October 31, 2023:
Property & Location Year
Acquired Leasable
Space-
Approximate
Sq.Ft. Average Annual
Occupancy Rate for
the Year Ended
10/31/23 Average
Annualized
Rent per Sq. Ft.
@ 10/31/23* Average
Annualized Rent
per Sq. Ft. @
10/31/22* Mortgage
Balance ($000)
@ 10/31/23 Depreciated
Cost of Land,
Buildings &
Equipment
($000)
@ 10/31/23
Glen Rock, NJ 4,672 88.2% $30.84 $63.35 None (1) $43
Franklin Crossing 1966 (2) 87,659 94.8% $22.19 $22.92 None (1) $6,136
Franklin Lakes, NJ
Westwood Plaza 174,275 78.5% $11.88 $12.19 $16,617 (4) $7,255
Westwood, NJ
Preakness Center (3) 322,142 48.2% $15.36 $13.91 $25,000 (5) $21,942
Wayne, NJ
Rockaway, NJ 1964/1963 1 Acre 100.0% N/A N/A None $114
Land lease
* Average annualized rent per sq. ft. includes the impact of straight-line rent adjustments and the amortization of rent concessions and abatements.
(1) These properties are security for draws against FREIT's Credit Line. (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
(2) The original 33,000 sq. ft. shopping center was replaced with a new 87,659 sq. ft. center that opened in October 1997.
(3) FREIT owns a 40% equity interest in Wayne PSC, LLC, that owns the center.
(4) Effective February 1, 2023, FREIT entered into a loan extension and modification agreement with Valley National Bank on its loan secured by the Westwood Plaza shopping center in Westwood, New Jersey with a then outstanding balance of approximately $16,864,361. Under the terms and conditions of this loan extension and modification, the maturity date of the loan was extended for a term of one (1) year from February 1, 2023 to February 1, 2024 with the option of FREIT to extend for one additional year from the extended maturity date, subject to certain provisions of the loan agreement. The loan is based on a fixed interest rate of 7.5% and is payable based on monthly installments of principal and interest of approximately $157,347. Additionally, FREIT funded an interest reserve escrow account (“Escrow”) at closing representing the annualized principal and interest payments for one (1) year, amounting to approximately $1,888,166. This Escrow is held at Valley National Bank and in the event of a default on this loan, the bank shall be permitted to use the proceeds from the escrow account to make monthly debt service payments on the loan. The mortgage payable balance includes debt payment relief granted from the lender in Fiscal 2020 resulting in total deferred payments of approximately $390,000, of which approximately $222,000 relates to deferred interest. These deferred payments are due at the maturity of this loan. On October 31, 2023, FREIT exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of this loan for one additional year from an initial maturity date of February 1, 2024 to a new maturity date of February 1, 2025. This loan extension will be at a fixed interest rate based on the then corresponding Wall Street Journal Prime Rate (approximately 8.5%). See Note 5 to FREIT's consolidated financial statements for additional details.
(5) On July 22, 2022, Wayne PSC, LLC (“Wayne PSC”) refinanced its $22.1 million loan (inclusive of deferred interest of approximately $136,000), which would have matured on October 1, 2026, on its Preakness Shopping center located in Wayne, New Jersey with a new loan held by ConnectOne Bank in the amount of $25,000,000. This loan is interest-only based on a fixed interest rate of 5% and has a term of three years with a maturity date of August 1, 2025. Additionally, an interest reserve escrow was established at closing representing twelve months of interest of $1,250,000, which can be used to pay monthly interest on this loan with a requirement to replenish the escrow account back to $1,250,000 when the balance in the escrow account is reduced to three months of interest. This refinancing resulted in (i) annual debt service savings of approximately $340,000 due to interest-only payments; (ii) an increase in the interest rate from a fixed interest rate of 3.625% to a fixed interest rate of 5%; and (iii) net refinancing proceeds of approximately $1.1 million which can be used for capital expenditures and general corporate purposes. As part of the refinancing, Wayne PSC terminated the interest rate swap contract on the underlying loan resulting in a realized gain on the swap breakage of approximately $1.4 million, which was recorded as a realized gain on the accompanying consolidated statement of income for the year ended October 31, 2022. See Notes 5 and 6 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements.
Supplemental Segment Information:
Commercial lease expirations at October 31, 2023 assuming none of the tenants exercise renewal options:
Year Ending Number of Expiring Leases Percent of Annual Rent of Expiring Leases
October 31, Expiring Leases Sq. Ft. Commercial Sq. Ft. Total Per Sq. Ft.
Month to month 33,661 11.6% $ 563,835 $ 16.75
25,653 8.9% $ 648,826 $ 25.29
22,246 7.7% $ 626,945 $ 28.18
104,585 36.2% $ 1,717,720 $ 16.42
75,342 26.1% $ 1,684,312 $ 22.36
7,866 2.7% $ 224,596 $ 28.55
2,786 1.0% $ 74,940 $ 26.90
2,680 0.9% $ 85,956 $ 32.07
1,300 0.4% $ 39,780 $ 30.60
2,249 0.8% $ 62,400 $ 27.75
10,676 3.7% $ 310,626 $ 29.10
Vacant Land as of October 31, 2023:
Vacant Land
Permitted Use Per Acreage Per
Location (1) Acquired Current Use Local Zoning Laws Parcel
Franklin Lakes, NJ None Residential 4.27
Wayne, NJ None Commercial 2.1
Rockaway, NJ None Residential 1.0
(1) All of the above land is unencumbered, except as noted elsewhere.
FREIT believes that it has a diversified portfolio of residential and commercial properties. FREIT does not derive 10% or greater of its total consolidated revenue from any single lease agreement.
In Fiscal 2023, FREIT had two (2) properties that contributed over 15% of FREIT’s total consolidated revenue: within the residential segment, the Westwood Hills property and the Berdan Court property, which accounted for 18.4% and 15.1%, respectively, of total consolidated revenue. In Fiscal 2022, FREIT had one (1) property that contributed over 15% of FREIT’s total consolidated revenue: within the residential segment, the Westwood Hills property, which accounted for 16.1% of total consolidated revenue. In Fiscal 2021, FREIT had one (1) property that contributed over 15% of FREIT’s total consolidated revenue: within both the residential and commercial segment, the Rotunda property in Baltimore, Maryland, which accounted for 34% total consolidated revenue. On December 30, 2021, the property owned by Grande Rotunda, LLC was sold. (See Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
Although FREIT’s general investment policy is to hold properties as long-term investments, FREIT could selectively sell certain properties if it determines that any such sale is in FREIT’s and its stockholders’ best interests. With respect to FREIT’s future acquisition and development activities, FREIT will evaluate various real estate opportunities, which FREIT believes would increase FREIT’s revenues and earnings, as well as complement and increase the overall value of FREIT’s existing investment portfolio.
Except for the TD Bank branch located in Rockaway, New Jersey, all of FREIT’s and its subsidiaries’ commercial properties have multiple tenants.
As of October 31, 2023, FREIT and its subsidiaries’ commercial properties have five (5) anchor/major tenants, which account for approximately 60.3% of the space leased. The balance of the space is leased to fifty-three (53) satellite tenants. The following table lists the anchor/major tenants at each center and the number of satellite tenants:
No. of
Commercial Property
Net Leasable
Additional/Satellite
Shopping Center (SC)
Space Anchor/Major Tenants Tenants
Franklin Crossing (SC) 87,659 Stop & Shop Supermarket Co.
Franklin, Lakes, NJ
Westwood Plaza (SC) 174,275 TJMaxx
Westwood, NJ
Preakness Center (1) (SC) 322,142 Stop & Shop Supermarket Co.
Wayne, NJ
CVS
T-Bowl, Inc. (2)
Glen Rock, NJ (SC) 4,672 -
(1) FREIT has a 40% interest in this property.
(2) See Note 15 to FREIT's consolidated financial statements and “Renewal of leases and Reletting of Space” for additional details.
With respect to most of FREIT’s commercial properties, lease terms range from five (5) years to twenty-five (25) years with options, which if exercised would extend the terms of such leases. The lease agreements generally provide for reimbursement of real estate taxes, maintenance, insurance and certain other operating expenses of the properties. During the last three (3) completed fiscal years, occupancy at FREIT’s commercial properties averaged 66.7%, which represents the actual “physical” occupancy rate (based upon possession and use of leased space) and excludes from each of these years the occupancy at the properties located in Maryland which were sold in Fiscal 2022. While our retail properties have stabilized from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, certain of our properties still have not attained pre-pandemic occupancy levels despite some recovery in brick and mortar retail.
Leases for FREIT’s apartment buildings and complexes are usually one to two years in duration. Even though the residential units are leased on a short-term basis, FREIT has averaged, during the last three (3) completed fiscal years, a 97.4% occupancy rate with respect to FREIT’s available apartment units, excluding from each of these fiscal years the occupancy at the Icon property located in Maryland which was sold in Fiscal 2022.
FREIT does not believe that any seasonal factors materially affect FREIT’s business operations and the leasing of its commercial and apartment properties.
FREIT believes that its properties are covered by adequate fire and property insurance provided by reputable companies and with commercially reasonable deductibles and limits.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 3 LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
On January 14, 2020, FREIT and certain of its affiliates (collectively, the “Sellers” or “Defendant”), entered into a Purchase and Sale Agreement (as subsequently amended, the “Purchase and Sale Agreement”) with Sinatra Properties LLC (the “Purchaser”, “Sinatra” or “Plaintiff”), which provided for the sale by the Sellers to the Purchaser of 100% of the Sellers’ ownership interests in six real properties held by the Sellers in exchange for the purchase price described therein, subject to the terms and conditions of the Purchase and Sale Agreement. On April 30, 2020, the Sellers delivered written notice to the Purchaser of the Sellers’ termination of the Purchase and Sale Agreement in accordance with its terms due to the occurrence of a “Purchaser Default” thereunder, based on the Purchaser’s failure to perform its obligations under the Purchase and Sale Agreement and close the transactions contemplated therein.
Upon the execution of the Purchase and Sale Agreement, the Purchaser delivered into escrow a deposit in the amount of $15 million (the “Deposit”), in the form of an unconditional, irrevocable letter of credit in such amount (the “Letter of Credit”). The Purchase and Sale Agreement provides that the Sellers’ exclusive remedy, in the event of a “Purchaser Default” and the termination of the Purchase and Sale Agreement, is the forfeiture of the Deposit to the Sellers as liquidated damages. Accordingly, contemporaneously with the Sellers’ delivery of the termination notice to the Purchaser, the Sellers delivered written notice to the escrow agent requesting that the escrow agent release the Letter of Credit from escrow and deliver same to the Sellers.
On May 6, 2020, the Purchaser filed a complaint (the “Complaint”) against the Sellers in the Superior Court of New Jersey, Monmouth County (“Court”), in which, among other things, the Purchaser alleges breach of contract and breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing against the Sellers in connection with the Sellers’ termination of the Purchase and Sale Agreement. The Purchaser sought (a) a judgment of specific performance compelling the Sellers to convey the properties under the Purchase and Sale Agreement to the Purchaser; (b) declaratory judgment from the court that (i) the Purchase and Sale Agreement is not terminated, (ii) the Purchaser is not in default under the Purchase and Sale Agreement, and (iii) the Sellers are in default under the Purchase and Sale Agreement, subject to a right to cure; (c) an order for injunctive relief compelling the Sellers to perform the Purchase and Sale Agreement; (d) in the event that the court does not order specific performance, a judgment directing that the Purchaser’s $15 million deposit under the Purchase and Sale Agreement be returned to the Purchaser, and compensatory, consequential and incidental damages in an amount to be determined at trial; and (e) attorneys’ fees and costs.
The Purchaser also filed lis pendens with respect to each of the six properties that were subject to the Purchase and Sale Agreement. The lis pendens provides notice to the public of the Complaint. Pending the resolution of this litigation, the filing of the lis pendens will adversely affect the future sale or financing of those properties.
On June 17, 2020, the Sellers filed their answer, separate defenses, and counterclaims (the “Answer”) in response to the Complaint, in which, among other things, the Sellers (a) deny the Purchaser’s claim that the Sellers’ termination of the Purchase and Sale Agreement was wrongful, and assert that there was no contractual basis in the Purchase and Sale Agreement to relieve the Purchaser from its obligation to perform thereunder, or to defer or postpone the Purchaser’s obligation to perform, (b) assert certain defenses to the allegations set forth in the Complaint without admitting any liability, and (c) request relief from the Court in the form of (i) judgment in the Sellers’ favor dismissing all of the Purchaser’s claims against them with prejudice and denying all of the Purchaser’s requests for relief, (ii) reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs, and (iii) such other and further relief as the Court deems just.
In addition, the Answer asserts counterclaims by the Sellers against Sinatra for breach of contract due to Sinatra’s failure to close the Purchase and Sale Agreement in accordance with its terms, and the Sellers seek a declaratory judgment from the Court that the Sellers properly terminated the Purchase and Sale Agreement in accordance with its terms due to Sinatra’s default and an order from the Court that Sinatra authorize the escrow agent to release the $15 million deposit under the Purchase and Sale Agreement to the Sellers. On April 28, 2021, the Sellers amended the Answer to include (1) counterclaims against Sinatra for breach of contract due to Sinatra’s breach of confidentiality and non-disclosure obligations contained in the Purchase and Sale Agreement, and (2) third-party claims against Sinatra’s affiliate Kushner Realty Acquisition LLC for breach of its confidentiality and non-disclosure obligations contained in the non-disclosure agreement entered into by the parties in connection with the negotiation of the transactions contemplated by the Purchase and Sale Agreement, based on the conduct of Sinatra and its affiliates after the Sellers terminated the Purchase and Sale Agreement.
In connection with these counterclaims and third-party claims, the Answer sought the following relief from the Court: (a) liquidated damages in the amount of $15 million, as provided in the Purchase and Sale Agreement; (b) in the alternative to the liquidated damages provided for in the Purchase and Sale Agreement, money damages in an amount to be determined at trial; (c) interest, attorneys’ fees and costs associated with the defense of the Purchaser’s claims and the prosecution of the Sellers’ counterclaims against the Purchaser, as provided for in the Purchase and Sale Agreement; (d) judgment declaring that the Sellers properly terminated the Purchase and Sale Agreement due to the Purchaser’s default thereunder; (e) judgment declaring that the Purchaser must authorize the escrow agent to release the $15 million deposit to the Sellers; (f) an order enjoining the Purchaser and its affiliates from engaging in further breaches of the Purchase and Sale Agreement and non-disclosure agreement, and compelling the Purchaser and its affiliates to return the Sellers’ confidential information and materials and to use best efforts to ensure the return of the Sellers’ confidential information and materials from third parties to whom the Purchaser and/or its affiliates provided such materials; and (g) such other relief as the Court deems just and equitable.
In the Answer filed by the Purchaser on September 15, 2020 and the Answer and Affirmative Defenses filed by the Purchaser and Kushner Realty Acquisition LLC on June 7, 2021, the Purchaser and Kushner Realty Acquisition LLC have generally denied the claims, counterclaims and allegations contained in the Sellers’ original and amended Answer, and asserted affirmative defenses to the Sellers’ claims and counterclaims.
Each of the Sellers and the Purchaser filed motions for summary judgment (“Summary Judgment Motions”) with the Court seeking, among other things, the dismissal of the other parties’ claims.
On February 4, 2022, the Court entered an Order (the “February 4 Order”) with respect to the Summary Judgment Motions which provides as follows:
(1) The Court finds that the Plaintiff’s have breached the subject contract and the Court dismisses all claims for relief filed by the Plaintiffs in this suit. The Court dismissed the Complaint and dismisses the Lis Pendens.
(2) The Court finds that the liquidated damage provision of the contract is not enforceable and the Court Orders that the $15 million held in escrow be returned to the Plaintiff.
(3) The Court dismisses the Counterclaims and Third Party Complaint. All pleadings are dismissed.
On May 31, 2022, Sinatra filed a Motion for Reconsideration with the Court, requesting that the Court reconsider its February 4, 2022 Order and, among other things, (a) grant Sinatra’s motion for summary judgment, and (b) reverse the Court’s findings that (1) Sinatra breached the Purchase and Sale Agreement, (2) the Sellers did not breach the Purchase and Sale Agreement and (3) the Court’s dismissal of the Complaint and Lis Pendens. On July 8, 2022, the Court denied Sinatra’s Motion for Reconsideration.
Following the February 4 Order, the Sellers and the Purchaser each filed a motion for an award of attorney’s fees and costs pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Purchase and Sale Agreement. On December 8, 2022 the Court entered an Order awarding Sellers $3,420,422.88 in attorneys’ fees and denying the Plaintiff’s request for attorneys’ fees (the “December 8 Order”). Upon entering the December 8 Order, the Court had adjudicated all unresolved issues in the action.
On December 8, 2022, the Sellers filed a Notice of Appeal, appealing from that portion of the February 4 Order which declined to enforce the liquidated damages provision in the Purchase and Sale Agreement. As a result of such appeal by the Sellers, the liquidated damage amount of $15 million remains in escrow and has not been returned to Sinatra.
On December 22, 2022, the Purchaser filed a Notice of Cross Appeal appealing from all determinations by the Court adverse to the Purchaser, including (i) that portion of the February 4 Order holding that the Purchaser breached the contract; (ii) the denial of the Purchaser’s motion for reconsideration of the February 4 Order; and (iii) the December 8 Order awarding the Sellers $3,420,422.88 in attorneys’ fees and denying the Purchaser’s request for attorneys’ fees.
The Sellers continue to believe that the allegations set forth in the Complaint filed by Sinatra and in the Answer to Counterclaims and Third-Party Complaint and Affirmative Defenses filed by Sinatra and Kushner Realty Acquisition LLC, are without merit.
On July 19, 2023, the Sellers filed a complaint (the “Complaint”) in the Superior Court of New Jersey, Monmouth County, Chancery Division (the “Court”), against Kushner Companies LLC (“Kushner”) seeking to collect on a $3.42 million judgment entered by the Court in favor of the Sellers against Sinatra, a wholly owned subsidiary of defendant, Kushner. The Complaint alleges that Kushner used Sinatra as a shell to evade its debts and obligations, and asks the Court to pierce the corporate veil and hold Kushner liable for Sinatra’s debts and obligations under the Purchase Agreement, including the attorneys’ fees awarded to the Sellers, all costs incurred by the Sellers to enforce the Judgment and any additional fees awarded to the Sellers in connection with the pending appeal. On September 22, 2023, Kushner filed a motion with the Court seeking to dismiss the Complaint in lieu of an Answer to the Complaint. The Sellers will vigorously oppose Kushner’s motion to dismiss.
As previously disclosed, FREIT has incurred substantial costs in legal fees and related costs through October 31, 2023 in connection with the Sinatra litigation. FREIT expects to continue to incur additional costs until such time as (i) the appeal is resolved with respect to the Court’s decision to deny FREIT’s liquidated damages claim, and (ii) FREIT also resolves the additional claims to collect on its $3.42 million Judgment and obtain reimbursement of its ongoing legal costs and expenses. Although it is not possible to forecast the final outcome of this litigation, to date FREIT has successfully avoided Sinatra’s claim for specific performance under the Purchase Agreement and was awarded a favorable $3.42 million Judgement to be reimbursed for certain of its legal fees and expenses.
Except as disclosed in the preceding paragraphs, there are no other material pending legal proceedings to which FREIT is a party, or of which any of its properties is the subject. There is, however, ordinary and routine litigation involving FREIT's business including various tenancy and related matters. Except for the environmental conditions involving remediation disclosed in “Item 1(c) Narrative Description of Business - Impact of Governmental Laws and Regulations on Registrant’s Business; Environmental Matters,” there are no legal proceedings concerning environmental issues with respect to any property owned by FREIT.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
ITEM 4 MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
ITEM 5 MARKET FOR FREIT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SECURITY HOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Reincorporation
First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey was organized on November 1, 1961 as a New Jersey Business Trust. On July 1, 2021, First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey completed the change of its form of organization from a New Jersey real estate investment trust to a Maryland corporation (the “Reincorporation”) which was approved by its stockholders at the annual meeting of stockholders held on May 6, 2021. The Reincorporation changed the law applicable to First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey’s affairs from New Jersey law to Maryland law and was accomplished by the merger of First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey with and into its wholly owned subsidiary, First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey, Inc. (“FREIT”, “Trust”, “us”, “we”, “our” or the “Company”), a Maryland corporation. As a result of the Reincorporation, the separate existence of First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey has ceased and FREIT has succeeded to all the business, properties, assets and liabilities of First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey. Holders of shares of beneficial interest in First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey have received one newly issued share of common stock of FREIT for each share of First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey that they own, without any action of stockholders required and all treasury stock held by First Real Estate Investment Trust of New Jersey was retired. FREIT is organized and will continue to operate in such a manner as to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and its stock is traded on the over-the-counter market under the trading symbol FREVS.
Shares
FREIT has the authority to issue 25,000,000 shares, consisting of 20,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.01 per share and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.01 per share. FREIT’s only authorized, issued and outstanding class of equity is common stock (“Shares”). As of January 29, 2024, there were approximately 500 holders of record of the Shares.
The Shares are traded in the over-the-counter market through use of the OTC Bulletin Board Service (the “OTC Bulletin Board”) provided by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”). FREIT does not believe that an active United States public trading market exists for the Shares since historically only small volumes of the Shares are traded on a sporadic basis. The following table sets forth, at the end of the periods indicated, the Bid and Asked quotations for the Shares on the OTC Bulletin Board.
Bid
Asked
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2023
First Quarter
$ 15.50
$ 15.65
Second Quarter
$ 14.56
$ 15.38
Third Quarter
$ 18.25
$ 19.14
Fourth Quarter
$ 15.77
$ 17.85
Bid
Asked
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2022
First Quarter
$ 24.01
$ 25.00
Second Quarter
$ 24.25
$ 25.00
Third Quarter
$ 24.16
$ 24.75
Fourth Quarter
$ 16.50
$ 17.15
The bid quotations set forth above for the Shares reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, markdown or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions. The source of the bid and asked quotations is Bloomberg.
Stockholder Rights Plan
On July 28, 2023, FREIT’s Board adopted a stockholder rights plan, as set forth in the Stockholder Rights Agreement, dated July 31, 2023, between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as Rights Agent (the “Rights Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the Rights Agreement, the Board declared a dividend distribution of one Preferred Stock Purchase Right (a “Right”) for each outstanding share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (the “Common Stock”) to stockholders of record as of the close of business on August 11, 2023 (the “Record Date”). In addition, one Right will automatically attach to each share of Common Stock issued between the Record Date and the Distribution Date (as hereinafter defined). Each Right entitles the registered holder thereof to purchase from the Company a unit consisting of one ten-thousandth
of a share (a “Unit”) of Series A Junior Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (the “Preferred Stock”) at a cash exercise price of $95.00 per Unit (the “Exercise Price”), subject to adjustment, under certain conditions specified in the Rights Agreement.
Initially, the Rights are not exercisable and are attached to and trade with all shares of Common Stock outstanding as of, and issued subsequent to, the Record Date. The Rights will separate from the Common Stock and will become exercisable upon the earlier of (i) the close of business on the tenth calendar day following the first public announcement that a person or group of affiliated or associated persons (an “Acquiring Person”) has acquired beneficial ownership of 10% or more of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, other than as a result of repurchases of stock by the Company or certain inadvertent actions by a stockholder (the date of said announcement being referred to as the “Stock Acquisition Date”), or (ii) the close of business on the tenth business day (or such later day as the Board of Directors may determine) following the commencement of a tender offer or exchange offer that could result upon its consummation in a person or group becoming an Acquiring Person (the earlier of such dates being herein referred to as the “Distribution Date”).
Dividends
The holders of Shares are entitled to receive distributions as may be declared by the FREIT Board of Directors (“Board”). Dividends may be declared from time to time by the Board and may be paid in cash, property, or Shares. The Board’s present policy is to distribute annually at least ninety percent (90%) of FREIT’s REIT taxable income as dividends to the holders of Shares in order to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. Distributions are made on a quarterly basis. For Fiscal 2023, 2022 and 2021, FREIT paid/declared an annual dividend of $0.45 per share, $9.20 per share and $0.25 per share, respectively. See Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Distributions to Stockholders.”
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
See Item 12, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.”

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
ITEM 7 MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Cautionary Statement Identifying Important Factors That Could Cause FREIT’s Actual Results to Differ From Those Projected in Forward Looking Statements.
Readers of this discussion are advised that the discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of FREIT (including related notes thereto) appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Certain statements in this discussion may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements reflect FREIT’s current expectations and are based on estimates, projections, beliefs, data, methods and assumptions of management of FREIT at the time of such statements regarding future results of operations, economic performance, financial condition and achievements of FREIT, and do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. These forward-looking statements are identified through the use of words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” or words of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties in predicting future results and conditions.
Although FREIT believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, which may cause the actual results to differ materially from those projected. Such factors include, but are not limited to the following: general economic and business conditions, including the purchase of retail products over the Internet, which will, among other things, affect demand for rental space, the availability of prospective tenants, lease rents, the financial condition of tenants and the default rate on leases, operating and administrative expenses and the availability of financing; adverse changes in FREIT’s real estate markets, including, among other things, competition with other real estate owners, competition confronted by tenants at FREIT’s commercial properties, governmental actions and initiatives; environmental/safety requirements; and risks of real estate development and acquisitions. The risks with respect to the development of real estate include: increased construction costs, inability to obtain construction financing, or unfavorable terms of financing that may be available, unforeseen construction delays and the failure to complete construction within budget.
OVERVIEW
FREIT is an equity real estate investment trust ("REIT") that is self-administered and externally managed. FREIT owns a portfolio of residential apartment and commercial properties. FREIT’s revenues consist primarily of rental income and other related revenues from its residential and commercial properties and additional rents derived from operating commercial properties. FREIT’s properties are primarily located in northern New Jersey and New York.
The economic and financial environment: As of October 2023, the U.S. inflation rate was 3.7% and the U.S. unemployment rate was 3.9%. In an effort to lower inflation, the Federal Reserve has continued to raise interest rates over the past 18 months with the last increase occurring in July 2023 at which time the Federal Reserve raised the interest rate to 5.50%, its highest rate level since 2001. Though the inflation rate has declined significantly from a 40-year high of 9.1% in June 2022, it is uncertain where the Federal Reserve is heading with the interest rates. If it decides to raise interest rates, the pace at which it would continue to do so is uncertain, especially if inflation begins to rebound, leading to uncertainties in the financing market and a volatile economy.
Residential Properties: Our residential properties continue to generate positive cash flow while average rents on turned units (apartments which were vacated and then re-leased to new tenants) has continued to increase across the portfolio. Additionally, the rate of increase on renewals for existing tenants has been robust but is slightly softening. These increases should meaningfully contribute to FREIT’s income over time but it is uncertain what impact the significant rise in inflation and rising interest rates may have on these properties over the next year.
Commercial Properties: While our retail properties have stabilized from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, certain of our properties still have not attained pre-pandemic operating levels despite some recovery in brick and mortar retail. Additionally, the significant rise in inflation and rising interest rates could have an impact on the operating and financial performance of our commercial properties.
Kmart lease: On June 24, 2023, the owner/operator of the 84,254 square foot Kmart store located at our Westwood Plaza shopping center in Westwood, New Jersey informed FREIT of its intent to sublet its space to three unidentified retail tenants. The current term of the lease for Kmart expires on October 31, 2027 with two 5-year renewal options remaining. The lease agreement provides that base rent payments are fixed at $4.00 per square foot ($336,720 annually) and additional rent for common area maintenance and insurance costs are based on an amount less than Kmart’s pro rata share of the shopping center. After reviewing the K-Mart space, management determined that the space has a fair market rental rate of between $15 and $24 per square foot. While significant tenant and/or capital improvements will be necessary to fit-up this space for a new tenant or tenants, the higher rent potentially realizable equates to annual revenues in excess of approximately $930,000 to $1,685,000. FREIT believes potentially higher rent amounts, if achieved, will more than offset lost rent from Kmart and other tenants with co-tenancy clauses and will only increase the overall value of the shopping center. Accordingly, on July 24, 2023, FREIT denied Kmart’s request and elected pursuant to the lease to terminate the Kmart lease effective October 19, 2023. Thus, FREIT now
has full control of this space instead of waiting another 14 years to renegotiate or re-lease this space at a higher market rent. As management is unable to predict the length of time it may take to re-lease this space, the Westwood Plaza shopping center will incur losses of annual base rent revenues of approximately $726,000 to $962,000 until such time as this space is re-leased. (See Note 17 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
Stockholder Rights Plan: On July 28, 2023, FREIT’s Board of Directors (“Board”) adopted a stockholder rights plan, as set forth in the Stockholder Rights Agreement, dated July 31, 2023, between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as Rights Agent (the “Rights Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the Rights Agreement, the Board declared a dividend distribution of one Preferred Stock Purchase Right (a “Right”) for each outstanding share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (the “Common Stock”) to stockholders of record as of the close of business on August 11, 2023 (the “Record Date”). In addition, one Right will automatically attach to each share of Common Stock issued between the Record Date and the Distribution Date (as hereinafter defined). Each Right entitles the registered holder thereof to purchase from the Company a unit consisting of one ten-thousandth of a share (a “Unit”) of Series A Junior Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (the “Preferred Stock”) at a cash exercise price of $95.00 per Unit (the “Exercise Price”), subject to adjustment, under certain conditions specified in the Rights Agreement. The Rights are not exercisable until the Distribution Date and will expire at the close of business on July 31, 2026, unless previously redeemed or exchanged by the Company. (See Note 16 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
Debt Financing Availability: Financing has been available to FREIT and its affiliates. Certain recent refinancings and loan modifications/extensions have been at higher interest rates and for shorter terms. In accordance with certain loan agreements, FREIT may be required to meet or maintain certain financial covenants throughout the term of the loan. (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
Effective February 1, 2023, FREIT entered into a loan extension and modification agreement with Valley National Bank on its loan secured by the Westwood Plaza shopping center in Westwood, New Jersey with a then outstanding balance of approximately $16,864,361. Under the terms and conditions of this loan extension and modification, the maturity date of the loan was extended for a term of one (1) year from February 1, 2023 to February 1, 2024 with the option of FREIT to extend for one additional year from the extended maturity date, subject to certain provisions of the loan agreement. The loan is based on a fixed interest rate of 7.5% and is payable based on monthly installments of principal and interest of approximately $157,347. Additionally, FREIT funded an interest reserve escrow account (“Escrow”) at closing representing the annualized principal and interest payments for one (1) year, amounting to approximately $1,888,166. This Escrow is held at Valley National Bank and in the event of a default on this loan, the bank shall be permitted to use the proceeds from the escrow account to make monthly debt service payments on the loan. On October 31, 2023, FREIT exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of this loan for one additional year from an initial maturity date of February 1, 2024 to a new maturity date of February 1, 2025. This loan extension will be at a fixed interest rate based on the then corresponding Wall Street Journal Prime Rate (approximately 8.5%). (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
On March 1, 2023, Westwood Hills, LLC (“Westwood Hills”) exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of its $25,000,000 loan on its residential property located in Westwood, New Jersey, for an additional six (6) months to a new maturity date of October 1, 2023 on the same terms and conditions as stated in the loan agreement. On August 3, 2023, Westwood Hills refinanced its $25,000,000 loan (which would have matured on October 1, 2023) with a new loan held by Minnesota Life Insurance Company in the amount of $25,500,000. This loan is based on a fixed interest rate of 6.05%, provides for monthly payments of principal and interest of $153,706 and has a term of three years with a maturity date of September 1, 2026. This refinancing resulted in a decrease in the interest rate from a variable interest rate of approximately 9.21% (at the time of the refinancing) to a fixed interest rate of 6.05% and annual debt service savings of approximately $535,000. (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
On October 31, 2023, FREIT exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of its $7.5 million loan on its property located in Rockaway, New Jersey, for an additional one year from an initial maturity date of January 1, 2024 to a new maturity date of January 1, 2025. The loan extension would have been based on a fixed interest rate of approximately 7.44%. On January 11, 2024, FREIT fully repaid this loan with a balance of $7.5 million. This will result in annual debt service savings of approximately $558,000. (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
FREIT’s revolving line of credit provided by the Provident Bank was renewed for a three-year term ending on October 31, 2026. Draws against the credit line can be used for working capital needs and standby letters of credit. Draws against the credit line are secured by mortgages on FREIT’s Franklin Crossing Shopping Center in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey and retail space in Glen Rock, New Jersey. The total line of credit is $13 million and the interest rate on the amount outstanding will be based on a floating interest rate of prime minus 25 basis points with a floor of 6.75%. As of October 31, 2023, there was no amount outstanding and $13 million was available under the line of credit. (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
On December 1, 2023, the mortgage secured by an apartment building located in River Edge, New Jersey in the amount of approximately $9 million came due. FREIT is in the process of refinancing this loan with the current lender, Provident Bank. While the bank is completing its due diligence around this refinancing, Provident Bank has provided a 90-day extension of the maturity date of this loan based on the same terms and conditions of the existing loan agreement. Management expects this loan
to be refinanced, however, until such time as a definitive agreement providing for a refinancing of this loan is entered into, there can be no assurance this loan will be refinanced.
Operating Cash Flow: FREIT expects that cash provided by operating activities and cash reserves will be adequate to cover mandatory debt service payments (including payments of interest, but excluding balloon payments, which are expected to be refinanced and/or extended), real estate taxes, recurring capital improvements at its properties and other needs to maintain its status as a REIT for at least a period of one year from the date of filing of this annual report on Form 10-K.
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Pursuant to the SEC disclosure guidance for "Critical Accounting Policies," the SEC defines Critical Accounting Policies as those that require the application of management's most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often because of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequent periods.
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, the preparation of which takes into account estimates based on judgments and assumptions that affect certain amounts and disclosures. Accordingly, actual results could differ from these estimates. The accounting policies and estimates used, which are outlined in Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements which is presented elsewhere in this Form 10-K, have been applied consistently as of October 31, 2023 and 2022, and for the years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. We believe that the following accounting policies or estimates require the application of management's most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments.
Revenue Recognition: Base rents, additional rents based on tenants' sales volume and reimbursement of the tenants' share of certain operating expenses are generally recognized when due from tenants. The straight-line basis is used to recognize base rents under leases if they provide for varying rents over the lease terms. Straight-line rents represent unbilled rents receivable to the extent straight-line rents exceed current rents billed in accordance with lease agreements. Before FREIT can recognize revenue, it is required to assess, among other things, its collectability.
Valuation of Long-Lived Assets: FREIT assesses the carrying value of long-lived assets periodically, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of certain assets may not be recoverable. When FREIT determines that the carrying value of long-lived assets may be impaired, the measurement of any impairment is based on a projected discounted cash flow method determined by FREIT's management. While we believe that our discounted cash flow methods are reasonable, different assumptions regarding such cash flows may significantly affect the measurement of impairment.
Real Estate Development Costs: It is FREIT’s policy to capitalize pre-development costs, which generally include legal and professional fees and other directly related third-party costs. Real estate taxes and interest costs incurred during the development and construction phases are also capitalized. FREIT ceases capitalization of these costs when the project or portion thereof becomes operational, or when construction has been postponed. In the event of postponement, capitalization of these costs will recommence once construction on the project resumes.
See Note 1 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for recently issued accounting standards.
Results of Operations:
Fiscal Years Ended October 31, 2023 and 2022
Summary revenues and net income for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2023 (“Fiscal 2023”) and October 31, 2022 (“Fiscal 2022”) are as follows:
Years Ended October 31,
Change
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Real estate revenues:
Commercial properties $ 8,689 $ 10,644 $ (1,955 )
Residential properties 19,655 20,627 (972 )
Total real estate revenues 28,344 31,271 (2,927 )
Operating expenses:
Real estate operating expenses 13,754 15,281 (1,527 )
General and administrative expenses 4,243 5,003 (760 )
Depreciation 2,944 3,995 (1,051 )
Total operating expenses 20,941 24,279 (3,338 )
Investment income 1,013
Net (loss) gain on sale of Maryland properties (1,003 ) 68,771 (69,774 )
Net realized gain on Wayne PSC interest rate swap termination - 1,415 (1,415 )
Loss on investment in tenancy-in-common (271 ) (228 ) (43 )
Financing costs (7,717 ) (8,064 )
Net (loss) income (575 ) 69,244 (69,819 )
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries 1,335 (23,252 ) 24,587
Net income attributable to common equity $ 760 $ 45,992 $ (45,232 )
Earnings per share:
Basic $ 0.10 $ 6.52 $ (6.42 )
Diluted $ 0.10 $ 6.45 $ (6.35 )
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic 7,441 7,055
Diluted 7,447 7,132
Real estate revenue for Fiscal 2023 decreased 9.4% to $28,344,000 compared to $31,271,000 for Fiscal 2022. The decline in revenue was primarily attributable to the following: (a) a decrease of approximately $3,613,000 attributed to the sale of the Rotunda Property, the Damascus Property and the Westridge Square Property (collectively the “Maryland Properties”) in Fiscal 2022; (b) a decrease of approximately $350,000 resulting from the decline in the average annual occupancy rate for the residential segment from 98.2% in Fiscal 2022 to 96.8% in Fiscal 2023; offset by (c) an increase of approximately $1 million primarily driven by an increase in base rents at the residential properties.
Net income attributable to common equity (“net income-common equity”) for Fiscal 2023 was $760,000 ($0.10 per share basic and diluted), compared to $45,992,000 ($6.52 per share basic and $6.45 per share diluted) for Fiscal 2022.
The schedule below provides a non-GAAP detailed analysis of the major changes that impacted net income-common equity for Fiscal 2023 and Fiscal 2022:
NON-GAAP NET INCOME COMPONENTS
Years Ended October 31,
Change
(In Thousands)
Income from real estate operations:
Commercial properties $ 3,609 $ 4,217 $ (608 )
Residential properties 10,981 11,773 (792 )
Total income from real estate operations 14,590 15,990 (1,400 )
Financing costs:
Fixed rate mortgages (5,529 ) (4,765 ) (764 )
Floating rate mortgages (1,653 ) (1,978 )
Other - Corporate interest (26 ) (137 )
Interest rate swap contracts breakage fee - (213 )
Mortgage cost amortization (509 ) (971 )
Total financing costs (7,717 ) (8,064 )
Investment income 1,013
General & administrative expenses:
Accounting fees (519 ) (469 ) (50 )
Legal and professional fees (1,133 ) (1,452 )
Directors fees (1,277 ) (1,076 ) (201 )
Stock compensation expense (11 ) (1,192 ) 1,181
Corporate expenses (1,303 ) (814 ) (489 )
Total general & administrative expenses (4,243 ) (5,003 )
Depreciation (2,944 ) (3,995 ) 1,051
Loss on investment in tenancy-in-common (271 ) (228 ) (43 )
Adjusted net income (loss) (942 ) 1,370
Net (loss) gain on sale of Maryland properties (1,003 ) 68,771 (69,774 )
Net realized gain on Wayne PSC interest rate swap termination - 1,415 (1,415 )
Net (loss) income (575 ) 69,244 (69,819 )
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries 1,335 (23,252 ) 24,587
Net income attributable to common equity $ 760 $ 45,992 $ (45,232 )
Adjusted net income for Fiscal 2023 was $428,000 ($0.06 per share basic and diluted) compared to adjusted net loss of ($942,000) (($0.13) per share basic and diluted) for Fiscal 2022. Adjusted net income (loss) is a non-GAAP measure, which management believes is a useful and meaningful gauge to investors of our operating performance, since it excludes the impact of unusual and infrequent items specifically: a gain on sale of the Maryland Properties in Fiscal 2022; a realized gain on the Wayne PSC interest rate swap contract termination in Fiscal 2022.
The increase in adjusted net income for Fiscal 2023 was primarily driven by the following: (a) an increase in net income of approximately $783,000 (with a consolidated impact to FREIT of approximately $512,000) attributed to losses incurred in Fiscal 2022 related to the Maryland Properties sold; (b) a decrease in General & Administrative expenses (“G&A”) of approximately $760,000 driven by stock compensation expense incurred in Fiscal 2022 of approximately $1,181,000 primarily related to the stock option modification, a decline in legal costs of approximately $319,000 primarily attributed to the legal proceeding between FREIT and certain of its affiliates and Sinatra Properties, LLC offset by an increase in corporate expenses of approximately $489,000 primarily attributed to costs incurred for the adoption of the Stockholder Rights Plan and an increase in FREIT’s director fees of approximately $201,000 attributed to the issuance of stock awards for services rendered and to be rendered in 2023 in lieu of cash compensation and an increase in executive compensation; (c) an increase in revenue of approximately $686,000 (with a consolidated impact to FREIT of approximately $550,000); and (d) an increase in investment income of approximately $655,000 resulting from higher interest rates in Fiscal 2023; offset by (e) an increase in interest expense, excluding the Maryland Properties sold, of approximately $957,000 (with a consolidated impact to FREIT of approximately $473,000) primarily attributed to the increase in the variable interest rate in Fiscal 2023 on the previous loan for the Westwood Hills property which was refinanced in August 2023 (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements
for additional details) and an increase in the fixed interest rate on the loans for the Westwood Plaza and Wayne PSC properties due to the refinancing/modification of these loans; (f) an increase in total operating expenses at the residential properties, excluding the Icon property sold, of approximately $360,000 (with a consolidated impact to FREIT of approximately $214,000) resulting primarily from an overall increase in most expenses in Fiscal 2023; offset by (g) an increase in the total operating expenses at the commercial properties, excluding the Maryland Properties sold, of approximately $164,000 (with a consolidated impact to FREIT of approximately $107,000) resulting primarily from an increase in expense for uncollectible rents primarily due to a reclassification in Fiscal 2022 from expense to a reduction in revenue for a tenant deemed collectability constrained.
(Refer to the segment disclosure below for a more detailed discussion of the financial performance of FREIT’s commercial and residential segments.)
SEGMENT INFORMATION
The following table sets forth comparative net operating income ("NOI") data for FREIT’s real estate segments and reconciles the NOI to consolidated net income-common equity for Fiscal 2023, as compared to Fiscal 2022 (See below for definition of NOI):
Commercial Residential Combined
Years Ended
Years Ended
Years Ended
October 31, Increase (Decrease) October 31, Increase (Decrease) October 31,
$ % $ %
(In Thousands)
(In Thousands)
(In Thousands)
Rental income $ 6,319 $ 8,232 $ (1,913 ) -23.2% $ 19,303 $ 20,203 $ (900 ) -4.5% $ 25,622 $ 28,435
Reimbursements 2,356 2,364 (8 ) -0.3% (18 ) -94.7% 2,357 2,383
Other 280.0% (54 ) -13.3%
Total revenue 8,789 10,626 (1,837 ) -17.3% 19,655 20,627 (972 ) -4.7% 28,444 31,253
Operating expenses 5,080 6,427 (1,347 ) -21.0% 8,674 8,854 (180 ) -2.0% 13,754 15,281
Net operating income $ 3,709 $ 4,199 $ (490 ) -11.7% $ 10,981 $ 11,773 $ (792 ) -6.7% 14,690 15,972
Average Occupancy % * 64.4% 66.8%
-2.4% 96.8% 98.2%
-1.4%
Reconciliation to consolidated net income-common equity:
Deferred rents - straight lining (100 )
Investment income 1,013
Loss on investment in tenancy-in-common (271 ) (228 )
General and administrative expenses (4,243 ) (5,003 )
Depreciation (2,944 ) (3,995 )
Net (loss) gain on sale of Maryland properties (1,003 ) 68,771
Net realized gain on Wayne PSC interest rate swap termination - 1,415
Financing costs (7,717 ) (8,064 )
Net (loss) income (575 ) 69,244
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries 1,335 (23,252 )
Net income attributable to common equity $ 760 $ 45,992
*Average occupancy rate excludes the Rotunda Property, the Damascus Property and the Westridge Square Property from all periods presented as the properties were sold in Fiscal 2022. See Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.
NOI is based on operating revenue and expenses directly associated with the operations of the real estate properties, but excludes deferred rents (straight lining), depreciation, financing costs and other items. FREIT assesses and measures segment operating results based on NOI.
Same Property NOI: FREIT considers same property net operating income (“Same Property NOI”) to be a useful supplemental non-GAAP measure of its operating performance. FREIT defines same property within both the commercial and residential segments to be those properties that FREIT has owned and operated for both the current and prior periods presented, excluding those properties that FREIT acquired, sold or redeveloped during those periods. Any newly acquired property that has been in operation for less than a year, any property that is undergoing a major redevelopment but may still be in operation at less than full capacity, and/or any property that has been sold or deconsolidated is not considered same property.
NOI and Same Property NOI are non-GAAP financial measures and are not measures of operating results or cash flow as measured by GAAP, and are not necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash needs and should not be considered an alternative to cash flows as a measure of liquidity.
COMMERCIAL SEGMENT
The commercial segment contains five (5) separate properties, excluding the Rotunda Property, the Westridge Square Property and the Damascus Property, which were sold on December 30, 2021, January 7, 2022 and January 10, 2022, respectively. Four of these properties are multi-tenanted retail centers and one is single tenanted on land located in Rockaway, New Jersey owned by FREIT from which it receives monthly rental income from a tenant which has built and operates a bank branch on the land. (See Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details on the sale of the Maryland Properties.)
As indicated in the table above under the caption Segment Information, total revenue and NOI from FREIT’s commercial segment for Fiscal 2023 decreased by 17.3% and 11.7%, respectively, as compared to Fiscal 2022. Average occupancy for all commercial properties, excluding the Maryland Properties sold, for Fiscal 2023 decreased by 2.4% as compared to Fiscal 2022.
The decline in revenue for Fiscal 2023 was primarily attributable to a decrease of approximately $1,979,000 attributed to the Maryland Properties sold in Fiscal 2022 offset by an increase of approximately $106,000 primarily attributed to a reduction in rental revenue in Fiscal 2022 due to a reclassification in Fiscal 2022 from uncollectible expense to a reduction in revenue for a tenant deemed collectability constrained. The decrease in NOI for Fiscal 2023 was primarily attributable to net operating income recognized in Fiscal 2022 attributed to the Maryland Properties sold.
Same Property Operating Results: FREIT’s commercial segment currently contains five (5) same properties. (See definition of same property under Segment Information above.) The Rotunda Property, the Westridge Square Property and the Damascus Property were excluded from same property results for all periods presented because these properties were sold in Fiscal 2022. Same property revenue and NOI for Fiscal 2023 increased by 1.7% and decreased by 1.2%, respectively, as compared to Fiscal 2022. The changes resulted from the factors discussed in the immediately preceding paragraph.
Leasing: The following table reflects leasing activity at FREIT’s commercial properties for comparable leases (leases executed for spaces in which there was a tenant at some point during the previous twelve-month period) and non-comparable leases for Fiscal 2023.
RETAIL: Number of
Leases Lease Area
(Sq. Ft.) Weighted
Average
Lease Rate
(per Sq. Ft.) Weighted
Average Prior
Lease Rate
(per Sq. Ft.) % Increase
(Decrease) Tenant
Improvement
Allowance
(per Sq. Ft.)
(a) Lease
Commissions
(per Sq. Ft.)
(a)
Comparable leases (b) 15,428 $ 27.34 $ 27.91 -2.0% $ - $ 0.66
Non-comparable leases 3,384 $ 30.08 N/A N/A $ - $ 1.39
Total leasing activity 18,812
(a) These leasing costs are presented as annualized costs per square foot and are allocated uniformly over the lease term.
(b) This includes new tenant leases and/or modifications/extensions/renewals of existing tenant leases.
On June 24, 2023, the owner/operator of the 84,254 square foot Kmart store located at our Westwood Plaza shopping center in Westwood, New Jersey informed FREIT of its intent to sublet its space to three unidentified retail tenants. The current term of the lease for Kmart expires on October 31, 2027 with two 5-year renewal options remaining. The lease agreement provides that base rent payments are fixed at $4.00 per square foot ($336,720 annually) and additional rent for common area maintenance and insurance costs are based on an amount less than Kmart’s pro rata share of the shopping center. After reviewing the K-Mart space, management determined that the space has a fair market rental rate of between $15 and $24 per square foot. While significant tenant and/or capital improvements will be necessary to fit-up this space for a new tenant or tenants, the higher rent potentially realizable equates to annual revenues in excess of approximately $930,000 to $1,685,000. FREIT believes potentially higher rent amounts, if achieved, will more than offset lost rent from Kmart and other tenants with co-tenancy clauses and will only increase the overall value of the shopping center. Accordingly, on July 24, 2023, FREIT denied Kmart’s request and elected pursuant to the lease to terminate the Kmart lease effective October 19, 2023. Thus, FREIT now has full control of this space instead of waiting another 14 years to renegotiate or re-lease this space at a higher market rent. As management is unable to predict the length of time it may take to re-lease this space, the Westwood Plaza shopping center will incur losses of annual base rent revenues of approximately $726,000 to $962,000 until such time as this space is re-leased. (See Note 17 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
RESIDENTIAL SEGMENT
FREIT currently operates six (6) multi-family apartment buildings or complexes totaling 792 apartment units, excluding the Icon at the Rotunda Property, which was sold as part of the Maryland Properties on December 30, 2021 (see Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements) and the Pierre Towers property, which was converted to a TIC (see Note 3 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements).
As indicated in the table above under the caption Segment Information, total revenue and NOI from FREIT’s residential segment for Fiscal 2023 decreased by 4.7% and 6.7%, respectively, as compared to Fiscal 2022. Average occupancy for all residential properties, excluding the Icon at the Rotunda Property sold, for Fiscal 2023 decreased by 1.4% as compared to Fiscal 2022.
The decrease in revenue for Fiscal 2023 was primarily attributable to the following: (a) a decrease of approximately $1,634,000 attributed to the Icon at the Rotunda Property sold in Fiscal 2022; (b) a decrease of approximately $350,000 resulting from the decline in the average annual occupancy rate from 98.2% in Fiscal 2022 to 96.8% in Fiscal 2023; offset by (c) an increase of approximately $1 million primarily driven by an increase in base rents. The decrease in NOI for Fiscal 2023 was primarily attributable to the following: (a) a decrease of approximately $1,102,000 attributed to the Icon at the Rotunda Property sold in
Fiscal 2022; (b) an increase in total operating expenses of approximately $360,000, excluding the Icon, resulting primarily from an overall increase in most expenses in Fiscal 2023; offset by (c) an increase of approximately $662,000 in revenue, excluding the Icon at the Rotunda Property sold.
Same Property Operating Results: FREIT’s residential segment currently contains six (6) same properties. (See definition of same property under Segment Information above.) The Icon at the Rotunda Property was excluded from same property results for all periods presented because this property was sold in Fiscal 2022. Same property revenue and NOI for Fiscal 2023 increased by 3.5% and 2.9%, respectively, as compared to Fiscal 2022. The changes resulted from the factors discussed in the immediately preceding paragraph.
FREIT’s residential revenue is principally composed of monthly apartment rental income. Total rental income is a factor of occupancy and monthly apartment rents. Monthly average residential rents at the end of Fiscal 2023 and Fiscal 2022 were $2,214 and $2,085, respectively. A 1% decline in annual average occupancy, or a 1% decline in average rents from current levels, results in an annual revenue decline of approximately $210,000 and $200,000, respectively.
Capital expenditures: FREIT tends to spend more in any given year on maintenance and capital improvements at its residential properties which were constructed more than 25 years ago (Steuben Arms, Berdan Court and Westwood Hills properties) than on its newer properties (Boulders, Regency and Station Place properties). Funds for these capital projects are available from cash flow from the property's operations and cash reserves.
FINANCING COSTS
Years Ended October 31,
(In Thousands of Dollars)
Fixed rate mortgages (a):
1st Mortgages
Existing $ 5,148 $ 4,229
New
Variable rate mortgages:
1st Mortgages
Existing 1,653 1,978
New - -
Interest rate swap contracts breakage fee -
Other - Corporate interest
Total financing costs, gross 7,208 7,093
Amortization of mortgage costs
Total financing costs, net $ 7,717 $ 8,064
(a) Includes the effect of interest rate swap contracts which effectively convert the floating interest rate to a fixed interest rate over the term of the loan.
Total net financing costs for Fiscal 2023 decreased by approximately $347,000 or 4.3%, compared to Fiscal 2022 which was primarily attributable to the following: (a) a decline of approximately $1,304,000 attributed to the pay-down of the loans outstanding on the Maryland Properties sold in Fiscal 2022; (b) a decline of approximately $111,000 in other interest expense attributed to the payment of the deferred fee compensation to FREIT’s directors in Fiscal 2023; (c) a decline of approximately $69,000 attributed to the decrease in the fixed interest rate from 5.37% to 2.85% on the Boulders loan refinanced in December 2022; offset by (d) an increase of approximately $536,000 attributed to the increase in the variable interest rate in Fiscal 2023 on the previous loan for the Westwood Hills property which was refinanced in August 2023 (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details); (e) an increase of approximately $330,000 attributed to the increase in the fixed interest rate from 4.75% to 7.5% on the Westwood Plaza loan modified effective February 2023; and (f) an increase of approximately $272,000 primarily attributed to the increase in the fixed interest rate from 3.625% to 5% on the Wayne PSC loan refinanced in July 2022.
INVESTMENT INCOME
Investment income for Fiscal 2023 was $1,013,000 as compared to $358,000 for Fiscal 2022. Investment income is principally derived from interest earned from cash on deposit in institutional money market funds and short-term U.S. treasury securities. The increase in investment income for Fiscal 2023 was primarily driven by higher interest rates in Fiscal 2023.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES (“G&A”)
G&A expense for Fiscal 2023 was $4,243,000 as compared to $5,003,000 for Fiscal 2022. The primary components of G&A are legal and professional fees, directors’ fees, corporate expenses and accounting/auditing fees. The decrease in G&A for Fiscal 2023 was primarily driven by the following: (a) a decrease in stock compensation of approximately $1,181,000 primarily related
to expense incurred in Fiscal 2022 related to the stock option modification; (b) a decline in legal costs of approximately $319,000 primarily attributed to the legal proceeding between FREIT and certain of its affiliates and Sinatra Properties, LLC; offset by (c) an increase in corporate expenses of approximately $489,000 primarily attributed to costs incurred for the adoption of the Stockholder Rights Plan; and (d) an increase in FREIT’s director fees of approximately $201,000 attributed to the issuance of stock awards for services rendered and to be rendered in 2023 in lieu of cash compensation and an increase in executive compensation.
DEPRECIATION
Depreciation expense from operations for Fiscal 2023 was $2,944,000 as compared to $3,995,000 for Fiscal 2022. The decline in depreciation expense for Fiscal 2023 was primarily attributable to the Maryland Properties sold in Fiscal 2022. (See Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details on the sale of the Maryland Properties.)
Results of Operations:
Fiscal Years Ended October 31, 2022 and 2021
Summary revenues and net income for Fiscal 2022 and October 31, 2021 (“Fiscal 2021”) are as follows:
Years Ended October 31,
Change
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Real estate revenues:
Commercial properties $ 10,644 $ 23,317 $ (12,673 )
Residential properties 20,627 26,974 (6,347 )
Total real estate revenues 31,271 50,291 (19,020 )
Operating expenses:
Real estate operating expenses 15,281 22,294 (7,013 )
General and administrative expenses 5,003 5,195 (192 )
Depreciation 3,995 9,300 (5,305 )
Total operating expenses 24,279 36,789 (12,510 )
Investment income
Net gain on sale of Maryland properties 68,771 - 68,771
Net realized gain on Wayne PSC interest rate swap termination 1,415 - 1,415
Loss on investment in tenancy-in-common (228 ) (295 )
Financing costs (8,064 ) (12,276 ) 4,212
Net income 69,244 1,047 68,197
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries (23,252 ) (120 ) (23,132 )
Net income attributable to common equity $ 45,992 $ 927 $ 45,065
Earnings per share:
Basic $ 6.52 $ 0.13 $ 6.39
Diluted $ 6.45 $ 0.13 $ 6.32
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic 7,055 7,019
Diluted 7,132 7,022
Real estate revenue for Fiscal 2022 decreased 37.8% to $31,271,000 compared to $50,291,000 for Fiscal 2021. The decline in revenue was primarily attributable to the following: (a) a decrease of approximately $20.2 million attributed to the Maryland Properties sold; offset by (b) an increase from the residential segment of approximately $1.2 million, excluding the Icon at the Rotunda Property sold as part of the Maryland Properties, driven by an increase in base rents across all properties and an increase in the average occupancy rate to 98.2% in Fiscal 2022 from 97.3% in Fiscal 2021.
Net income attributable to common equity (“net income-common equity”) for Fiscal 2022 was $45,992,000 ($6.52 per share basic and $6.45 per share diluted), compared to $927,000 ($0.13 per share basic and diluted) for Fiscal 2021.
The schedule below provides a non-GAAP detailed analysis of the major changes that impacted net income-common equity for Fiscal 2022 and Fiscal 2021:
NON-GAAP NET INCOME COMPONENTS
Years Ended October 31,
Change
(In Thousands)
Income from real estate operations:
Commercial properties $ 4,217 $ 12,094 $ (7,877 )
Residential properties 11,773 15,903 (4,130 )
Total income from real estate operations 15,990 27,997 (12,007 )
Financing costs:
Fixed rate mortgages (4,765 ) (5,783 ) 1,018
Floating rate mortgages (1,978 ) (5,159 ) 3,181
Other - Corporate interest (137 ) (225 )
Interest rate swap contracts breakage fee (213 ) - (213 )
Mortgage cost amortization (971 ) (1,109 )
Total financing costs (8,064 ) (12,276 ) 4,212
Investment income
General & administrative expenses:
Accounting fees (469 ) (426 ) (43 )
Legal and professional fees (1,452 ) (2,477 ) 1,025
Directors fees (1,076 ) (950 ) (126 )
Stock compensation expense (1,192 ) (42 ) (1,150 )
Corporate expenses (814 ) (1,300 )
Total general & administrative expenses (5,003 ) (5,195 )
Depreciation (3,995 ) (9,300 ) 5,305
Loss on investment in tenancy-in-common (228 ) (295 )
Adjusted net (loss) income (942 ) 1,047 (1,989 )
Net gain on sale of Maryland properties 68,771 - 68,771
Net realized gain on Wayne PSC interest rate swap termination 1,415 - 1,415
Net income 69,244 1,047 68,197
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries (23,252 ) (120 ) (23,132 )
Net income attributable to common equity $ 45,992 $ 927 $ 45,065
Adjusted net (loss) income for Fiscal 2022 was adjusted net (loss) of ($942,000) (($0.13) per share basic and diluted) compared to adjusted net income of $1,047,000 ($0.15 per share basic and diluted) for Fiscal 2021. Adjusted net (loss) income is a non-GAAP measure, which management believes is a useful and meaningful gauge to investors of our operating performance, since it excludes the impact of unusual and infrequent items specifically: a gain on sale of Maryland Properties in Fiscal 2022; a realized gain on the Wayne PSC interest rate swap contract termination in Fiscal 2022.
The decrease in adjusted net (loss) income for Fiscal 2022 was primarily driven by the following: (a) a decrease of approximately $3.9 million (with a consolidated impact to FREIT of approximately $2.8 million) attributed to the Maryland Properties sold; offset by (b) an increase in revenue of approximately $1.2 million (with a consolidated impact to FREIT of approximately $1.1 million), excluding the Maryland Properties sold; (c) a decrease in the reserve for uncollectible rents of approximately $0.3 million (with a consolidated impact to FREIT of approximately $0.3 million), excluding the Maryland Properties sold, primarily due to rental revenue being deemed uncollectible and classified as a reduction in rental revenue in Fiscal 2022; (d) a decrease in general and administrative expenses (“G&A”) of approximately $0.2 million primarily driven by a decline in legal costs of approximately $1 million primarily attributed to the legal proceeding between FREIT and certain of its affiliates and Sinatra Properties, LLC, reincorporation expenses of approximately $0.5 million incurred in Fiscal 2021, offset by incremental stock compensation expense of approximately $1.2 million related to the stock option modification recorded in Fiscal 2022; (e) a decrease in snow removal costs of approximately $0.1 million (with a consolidated impact to FREIT of approximately $0.1 million); and (f) an increase in investment income of approximately $0.2 million resulting from a higher interest rate and cash balance in Fiscal 2022 due to the sale of the Maryland Properties.
(Refer to the segment disclosure below for a more detailed discussion of the financial performance of FREIT’s commercial and residential segments.)
SEGMENT INFORMATION
The following table sets forth comparative net operating income ("NOI") data for FREIT’s real estate segments and reconciles the NOI to consolidated net income-common equity for Fiscal 2022, as compared to Fiscal 2021 (See below for definition of NOI):
Commercial Residential Combined
Years Ended
Years Ended
Years Ended
October 31, Increase (Decrease) October 31, Increase (Decrease) October 31,
$ % $ %
(In Thousands)
(In Thousands)
(In Thousands)
Rental income $ 8,232 $ 17,875 $ (9,643 ) -53.9% $ 20,203 $ 26,515 $ (6,312 ) -23.8% $ 28,435 $ 44,390
Reimbursements 2,364 5,311 (2,947 ) -55.5% (138 ) -87.9% 2,383 5,468
Other (331 ) -91.7% 34.1%
Total revenue 10,626 23,547 (12,921 ) -54.9% 20,627 26,974 (6,347 ) -23.5% 31,253 50,521
Operating expenses 6,427 11,223 (4,796 ) -42.7% 8,854 11,071 (2,217 ) -20.0% 15,281 22,294
Net operating income $ 4,199 $ 12,324 $ (8,125 ) -65.9% $ 11,773 $ 15,903 $ (4,130 ) -26.0% 15,972 28,227
Average Occupancy % * 66.8% 69.0%
-2.2% 98.2% 97.3%
0.9%
Reconciliation to consolidated net income-common equity:
Deferred rents - straight lining (230 )
Investment income
Loss on investment in tenancy-in-common (228 ) (295 )
General and administrative expenses (5,003 ) (5,195 )
Depreciation (3,995 ) (9,300 )
Net gain on sale of Maryland properties 68,771 -
Net realized gain on Wayne PSC interest rate swap termination 1,415 -
Financing costs (8,064 ) (12,276 )
Net income 69,244 1,047
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries (23,252 ) (120 )
Net income attributable to common equity $ 45,992 $ 927
*Average occupancy rate excludes the Rotunda Property, the Damascus Property and the Westridge Square Property from all periods presented as the properties were sold in Fiscal 2022. See Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.
NOI is based on operating revenue and expenses directly associated with the operations of the real estate properties, but excludes deferred rents (straight lining), depreciation, financing costs and other items. FREIT assesses and measures segment operating results based on NOI.
Same Property NOI: FREIT considers same property net operating income (“Same Property NOI”) to be a useful supplemental non-GAAP measure of its operating performance. FREIT defines same property within both the commercial and residential segments to be those properties that FREIT has owned and operated for both the current and prior periods presented, excluding those properties that FREIT acquired, sold or redeveloped during those periods. Any newly acquired property that has been in operation for less than a year, any property that is undergoing a major redevelopment but may still be in operation at less than full capacity, and/or any property that has been sold or deconsolidated is not considered same property.
NOI and Same Property NOI are non-GAAP financial measures and are not measures of operating results or cash flow as measured by GAAP, and are not necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash needs and should not be considered an alternative to cash flows as a measure of liquidity.
COMMERCIAL SEGMENT
The commercial segment contains five (5) separate properties, excluding the Rotunda Property, the Westridge Square Property and the Damascus Property, which were sold on December 30, 2021, January 7, 2022 and January 10, 2022, respectively. Three of these properties are multi-tenanted retail centers, one is a single tenanted retail center located in Glen Rock, New Jersey and one is single tenanted on land located in Rockaway, New Jersey owned by FREIT from which it receives monthly rental income from a tenant who has built and operates a bank branch on the land. (See Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details on the sale of the Maryland Properties.)
As indicated in the table above under the caption Segment Information, total revenue and NOI from FREIT’s commercial segment for Fiscal 2022 decreased by 54.9% and 65.9%, respectively, as compared to Fiscal 2021. Average occupancy for all commercial properties, excluding the Maryland Properties sold, for Fiscal 2022 decreased by 2.2% as compared to Fiscal 2021.
The decline in revenue for Fiscal 2022 was primarily attributable to the Maryland Properties sold. The decrease in NOI for Fiscal 2022 was primarily attributable to the following: (a) a decrease of approximately $8.4 million attributed to the Maryland Properties sold; offset by (b) a decline in snow removal costs of approximately $0.1 million, excluding the Maryland Properties
sold; and (c) a decrease in the reserve for uncollectible rents of approximately $0.2 million, excluding the Maryland Properties sold.
Same Property Operating Results: FREIT’s commercial segment currently contains five (5) same properties. (See definition of same property under Segment Information above.) The Rotunda Property, the Westridge Square Property and the Damascus Property were excluded from same property results for all periods presented because these properties were sold in Fiscal 2022. Same property revenue and NOI for Fiscal 2022 decreased by 1.6% and increased by 6.5%, respectively, as compared to Fiscal 2021. The changes resulted from the factors discussed in the immediately preceding paragraph.
Leasing: The following table reflects leasing activity at FREIT’s commercial properties for comparable leases (leases executed for spaces in which there was a tenant at some point during the previous twelve-month period) and non-comparable leases for Fiscal 2022.
RETAIL: Number of
Leases Lease Area
(Sq. Ft.) Weighted
Average
Lease Rate
(per Sq. Ft.) Weighted
Average Prior
Lease Rate
(per Sq. Ft.) % Increase
(Decrease) Tenant
Improvement
Allowance
(per Sq. Ft.)
(a) Lease
Commissions
(per Sq. Ft.)
(a)
Comparable leases (b) 137,634 $ 6.74 $ 6.37 5.8% $ - $ 0.02
Non-comparable leases 11,875 $ 26.37 N/A N/A $ 1.07 $ 1.32
Total leasing activity 149,509
(a) These leasing costs are presented as annualized costs per square foot and are allocated uniformly over the lease term.
(b) This includes new tenant leases and/or modifications/extensions/renewals of existing tenant leases.
RESIDENTIAL SEGMENT
FREIT currently operates six (6) multi-family apartment buildings or complexes totaling 792 apartment units, excluding the Icon at the Rotunda Property, which was sold as part of the Maryland Properties on December 30, 2021 (see Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements) and the Pierre Towers property, which was converted to a TIC (see Note 3 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements).
As indicated in the table above under the caption Segment Information, total revenue and NOI from FREIT’s residential segment for Fiscal 2022 decreased by 23.5% and 26%, respectively, as compared to Fiscal 2021. Average occupancy for all residential properties, excluding the Icon at the Rotunda Property sold, for Fiscal 2022 increased by 0.9% as compared to Fiscal 2021.
The decrease in revenue for Fiscal 2022 was primarily attributable to the following: (a) a decrease of approximately $7.5 million attributed to the Icon at the Rotunda Property sold; offset by (b) an increase of approximately $1.2 million, excluding the Icon at the Rotunda Property sold, primarily driven by an increase in base rents across all properties and an increase in the average occupancy rate to 98.2% in Fiscal 2022 from 97.3% in Fiscal 2021. The decrease in NOI for Fiscal 2022 was primarily attributable to the following: (a) a decrease of approximately $5.2 million attributed to the Icon at the Rotunda Property sold; (b) an increase in utilities expense of approximately $0.1 million, excluding the Icon at the Rotunda Property sold; offset by (c) an increase in revenue of approximately $1.2 million, excluding the Icon at the Rotunda Property sold; and (d) a decrease in the reserve for uncollectible rents of approximately $0.1 million, excluding the Icon at the Rotunda Property sold.
Same Property Operating Results: FREIT’s residential segment currently contains six (6) same properties. (See definition of same property under Segment Information above.) The Icon at the Rotunda Property was excluded from same property results for all periods presented because this property was sold in Fiscal 2022. Same property revenue and NOI for Fiscal 2022 increased by 6.9% and 11.2%, respectively, as compared to Fiscal 2021. The changes resulted from the factors discussed in the immediately preceding paragraph.
FREIT’s residential revenue is principally composed of monthly apartment rental income. Total rental income is a factor of occupancy and monthly apartment rents. Monthly average residential rents (excluding from both periods presented for comparability purposes the Icon at the Rotunda Property, which was sold in Fiscal 2022) at the end of Fiscal 2022 and Fiscal 2021 were $2,085 and $1,939, respectively. A 1% decline in annual average occupancy, or a 1% decline in average rents from current levels, results in an annual revenue decline of approximately $198,000 and $191,000, respectively.
Capital expenditures: FREIT tends to spend more in any given year on maintenance and capital improvements at its residential properties which were constructed more than 25 years ago (Steuben Arms, Berdan Court and Westwood Hills properties) than on its newer properties (Boulders, Regency and Station Place properties). Funds for these capital projects are available from cash flow from the property's operations and cash reserves.
FINANCING COSTS
Years Ended October 31,
(In Thousands of Dollars)
Fixed rate mortgages (a):
1st Mortgages
Existing $ 4,229 $ 5,783
New -
Variable rate mortgages:
1st Mortgages
Existing 1,978 5,159
New - -
Interest rate swap contracts breakage fee -
Other - Corporate interest
Total financing costs, gross 7,093 11,167
Amortization of mortgage costs 1,109
Total financing costs, net $ 8,064 $ 12,276
(a) Includes the effect of interest rate swap contracts which effectively convert the floating interest rate to a fixed interest rate over the term of the loan.
Total net financing costs for Fiscal 2022 decreased by approximately $4,212,000 or 34.3%, compared to Fiscal 2021 which was primarily attributable to the following: (a) a decline of approximately $4,513,000 attributed to the pay-down of the loans outstanding on the Maryland Properties sold in Fiscal 2022; (b) a decrease of approximately $382,000 attributed to the refinancing of the loan on the Boulders property in Fiscal 2022 resulting in a reduction in the interest rate from 5.37% to 2.85% and in the principal balance from approximately $14.4 million to $7.5 million; offset by (c) an increase of approximately $213,000 attributed to a breakage fee on the early termination of the interest rate swap contracts relating to the underlying loan on the Damascus Property, which was repaid from the net proceeds of the sale of the Damascus Property in Fiscal 2022; and (d) an increase of approximately $148,000 related to the write-off of deferred mortgage costs on the Wayne PSC mortgage loan previously held with People’s United Bank which was refinanced with a new lender in Fiscal 2022. (See Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details on the sale of the Maryland Properties.)
INVESTMENT INCOME
Investment income for Fiscal 2022 was $358,000 as compared to $116,000 for Fiscal 2021. Investment income is principally derived from interest earned from cash on deposit in institutional money market funds and interest earned from secured loans receivable (loans made to Hekemian & Co. employees, including Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., the Chief Executive Officer, President and a Director of FREIT, David B. Hekemian, a Director of FREIT, Allan Tubin, the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of FREIT and certain other members of the immediate family of the late Robert S. Hekemian, FREIT’s former Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and consultant of FREIT) for their equity investments (through Rotunda 100, LLC) in Grande Rotunda, LLC, a limited liability company in which FREIT owns a 60% equity interest. In Fiscal 2022, the secured loans receivable was repaid with proceeds received from the sale of the Rotunda Property. (See Note 8 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details.) The increase in investment income for Fiscal 2022 was primarily driven by a higher interest rate and cash balance in Fiscal 2022 due to the sale of the Maryland Properties. (See Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details on the sale of the Maryland Properties.)
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES (“G&A”)
G&A expense for Fiscal 2022 was $5,003,000 as compared to $5,195,000 for Fiscal 2021. The primary components of G&A are legal and professional fees, directors’ fees, corporate expenses and accounting/auditing fees. The decrease in G&A for Fiscal 2022 was primarily driven by a decline in legal costs of approximately $1 million primarily attributed to the legal proceeding between FREIT and certain of its affiliates and Sinatra Properties, LLC, reincorporation expenses of approximately $0.5 million incurred in Fiscal 2021, offset by incremental stock compensation expense of approximately $1.2 million related to the stock option modification recorded in Fiscal 2022 (see Note 10 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details on the compensation expense).
DEPRECIATION
Depreciation expense from operations for Fiscal 2022 was $3,995,000 as compared to $9,300,000 for Fiscal 2021. The decline in depreciation expense for Fiscal 2022 was primarily attributable the sale of the Maryland Properties. (See Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details on the sale of the Maryland Properties.)
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Net cash provided by operating activities was $2.7 million for Fiscal 2023 compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $7.3 million for Fiscal 2022. FREIT expects that cash provided by operating activities and cash reserves will be adequate to cover mandatory debt service payments (including payments of interest, but excluding balloon payments which are expected to be refinanced and/or extended), real estate taxes, dividends, recurring capital improvements at its properties and other needs to maintain its status as a REIT for at least a period of one year from the date of filing of this annual report on Form 10-K.
As of October 31, 2023, FREIT had cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash totaling $18.4 million, compared to $58.5 million at October 31, 2022. The decrease in cash in Fiscal 2023 was primarily attributable to $17.5 million in net cash used in financing activities, $25.3 million in net cash used in investing activities including capital expenditures offset by $2.7 million in net cash provided by operating activities. The decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of approximately $40.1 million in Fiscal 2023 was primarily attributed to the following: (a) purchases of investments in U.S. Treasury securities of approximately $38.4 million; (b) dividends paid of approximately $13.7 million; (c) deferred compensation paid to certain members of the FREIT Board who participated in the Deferred Fee Plan of approximately $2.3 million; (d) a distribution of additional net proceeds received from the sale of the Damascus Property and Rotunda Property to the minority interest holders in those joint ventures of approximately $3.3 million; (e) expenditures related to capital improvements on existing properties of approximately $1.3 million; and (f) net recurring repayment of mortgages of approximately $1 million; offset by (g) proceeds received from maturities of U.S. Treasury securities of approximately $15.2 million; and (h) proceeds received from the exercise of stock options of approximately $1.3 million.
In Fiscal 2017, Grande Rotunda incurred substantial expenditures at the Rotunda Property related to retail tenant improvements, leasing costs and operating expenditures which, in the aggregate, exceeded revenues as the property was still in the rent up phase and the construction loan held with Wells Fargo at that time was at its maximum level, with no additional funding available to draw. Accordingly, during Fiscal 2017 the equity owners in Grande Rotunda contributed their respective pro-rata share of any cash needs through loans to Grande Rotunda. In Fiscal 2021, Grande Rotunda repaid $7 million to the equity owners in Grande Rotunda based on their respective pro-rata share resulting in a loan repayment to Rotunda 100 of approximately $2.8 million. On December 30, 2021, the Rotunda Property was sold and Grande Rotunda repaid approximately $31 million to the equity owners in Grande Rotunda resulting in a loan repayment to Rotunda 100 of approximately $3.3 million.
Credit Line: FREIT’s revolving line of credit provided by the Provident Bank was renewed for a three-year term expiring on October 31, 2026. Draws against the credit line can be used for working capital needs and standby letters of credit. Draws against the credit line are secured by mortgages on FREIT’s Franklin Crossing Shopping Center in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey and retail space in Glen Rock, New Jersey. The total line of credit is $13 million and the interest rate on the amount outstanding will be based on a floating interest rate of prime minus 25 basis points with a floor of 6.75%. As of October 31, 2023, there was no amount outstanding and $13 million was available under the line of credit. (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
Dividend: On October 4, 2023, the Board of Directors of FREIT declared a fourth quarter dividend of $0.05 per share on the common stock to holders of record of said shares at the close of business on December 1, 2023. The payment date for the dividend was December 15, 2023. The Board of Directors will continue to evaluate the dividend on a quarterly basis.
As of October 31, 2023, FREIT’s aggregate outstanding mortgage debt was $138.2 million, which bears a weighted average interest rate of 4.86% and an average life of approximately 2 years. FREIT’s mortgages are subject to amortization schedules that are longer than the terms of the mortgages. As such, balloon payments (unpaid principal amounts at mortgage due date) for all mortgage debt will be required as follows:
Fiscal Year
2027
($ in millions)
Mortgage "Balloon" Payments
$16.5 (A) $54.7 (B) $24.5 $0.0 $10.5 $26.0
(A) Includes the following:
(1) The loan on an apartment building located in River Edge, New Jersey in the amount of approximately $9 million which came due on December 1, 2023. FREIT is in the process of refinancing this loan with the current lender, Provident Bank. While the bank is completing its due diligence around this refinancing, Provident Bank has provided a 90-day extension of the maturity date of this loan based on the same terms and conditions of the existing loan agreement. Management expects this loan to be refinanced, however, until such time as a definitive agreement providing for a refinancing of this loan is entered into, there can be no assurance this loan will be refinanced. (See Note 5 to FREIT's consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
(2) The loan on a property located in Rockaway, New Jersey in the amount of approximately $7.5 million with a maturity date of January 1, 2024. On October 31, 2023, FREIT exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of this loan for an additional one year from an initial maturity date of January 1, 2024 to a new maturity date of January 1, 2025. The loan extension would have been based on a fixed interest rate of approximately 7.44%. On January 11, 2024, FREIT fully repaid this loan with a balance of $7.5 million. This will result in annual debt service savings of approximately $558,000. (See Note 5 to FREIT's consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
(B) Includes the following:
(1) The loan on the Westwood Plaza shopping center located in Westwood, New Jersey, in the amount of approximately $16.6 million which had a maturity date of February 1, 2024. On October 31, 2023, FREIT exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of this loan for an additional one year from an initial maturity date of January 1, 2024 to a new maturity date of January 1, 2025. This loan extension will be at a fixed interest rate based on the then corresponding Wall Street Journal Prime Rate (approximately 8.5%). (See Note 5 to FREIT's consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
The following table shows the estimated fair value and carrying value of FREIT’s long-term debt, net at October 31, 2023 and 2022:
($ in Millions)
October 31, 2023
October 31, 2022
Fair Value
$130.8
$132.2
Carrying Value, Net $137.1
$138.1
Fair values are estimated based on market interest rates at the end of each fiscal year and on a discounted cash flow analysis. Changes in assumptions or estimation methods may significantly affect these fair value estimates. The fair value is based on observable inputs (level 2 in the fair value hierarchy as provided by authoritative guidance).
FREIT expects to refinance the individual mortgages with new mortgages or exercise extension options when their terms expire. To this extent, FREIT has exposure to interest rate risk. If interest rates, at the time any individual mortgage note is due, are higher than the current fixed interest rate, higher debt service may be required, and/or refinancing proceeds may be less than the amount of mortgage debt being retired. For example, at October 31, 2023, a 1% interest rate increase would reduce the fair value of FREIT’s debt by $2.8 million, and a 1% decrease would increase the fair value by $2.9 million.
Effective February 1, 2023, FREIT entered into a loan extension and modification agreement with Valley National Bank on its loan secured by the Westwood Plaza shopping center in Westwood, New Jersey with a then outstanding balance of approximately $16,864,361. Under the terms and conditions of this loan extension and modification, the maturity date of the loan was extended for a term of one (1) year from February 1, 2023 to February 1, 2024 with the option of FREIT to extend for one additional year from the extended maturity date, subject to certain provisions of the loan agreement. The loan is based on a fixed interest rate of 7.5% and is payable based on monthly installments of principal and interest of approximately $157,347. Additionally, FREIT funded an interest reserve escrow account (“Escrow”) at closing representing the annualized principal and interest payments for one (1) year, amounting to approximately $1,888,166. This Escrow is held at Valley National Bank and in the event of a default on this loan, the bank shall be permitted to use the proceeds from the escrow account to make monthly debt service payments on the loan. On October 31, 2023, FREIT exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of this loan for one additional year from an initial maturity date of February 1, 2024 to a new maturity date of February 1, 2025. This loan extension will be at a fixed interest rate based on the then corresponding Wall Street Journal Prime Rate (approximately 8.5%). (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
On March 1, 2023, Westwood Hills, LLC (“Westwood Hills”) exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of its $25,000,000 loan on its residential property located in Westwood, New Jersey, for an additional six (6) months to a new maturity date of October 1, 2023 on the same terms and conditions as stated in the loan agreement. On August 3, 2023, Westwood Hills refinanced its $25,000,000 loan (which would have matured on October 1, 2023) with a new loan held by Minnesota Life Insurance Company in the amount of $25,500,000. This loan is based on a fixed interest rate of 6.05%, provides for monthly payments of principal and interest of $153,706 and has a term of three years with a maturity date of September 1, 2026. This refinancing resulted in a decrease in the interest rate from a variable interest rate of approximately 9.21% (at the time of the refinancing) to a fixed interest rate of 6.05% and annual debt service savings of approximately $535,000. (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
On October 31, 2023, FREIT exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of its $7.5 million loan on its property located in Rockaway, New Jersey, for an additional one year from an initial maturity date of January 1, 2024 to a new maturity date of January 1, 2025. The loan extension would have been based on a fixed interest rate of approximately 7.44%. On January 11, 2024, FREIT fully repaid this loan with a balance of $7.5 million. This will result in annual debt service savings of approximately $558,000. (See Note 5 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
On December 1, 2023, the mortgage secured by an apartment building located in River Edge, New Jersey in the amount of approximately $9 million came due. FREIT is in the process of refinancing this loan with the current lender, Provident Bank. While the bank is completing its due diligence around this refinancing, Provident Bank has provided a 90-day extension of the maturity date of this loan based on the same terms and conditions of the existing loan agreement. Management expects this loan to be refinanced, however, until such time as a definitive agreement providing for a refinancing of this loan is entered into, there can be no assurance this loan will be refinanced.
Interest rate swap contracts: To reduce interest rate volatility, FREIT uses a “pay fixed, receive floating” interest rate swap to convert floating interest rates to fixed interest rates over the term of a certain loan. FREIT enters into these swap contracts with a counterparty that is usually a high-quality commercial bank. In essence, FREIT agrees to pay its counterparties a fixed rate of interest on a dollar amount of notional principal (which generally corresponds to FREIT’s mortgage debt) over a term equal to the term of the mortgage notes. FREIT’s counterparties, in return, agree to pay FREIT a short-term rate of interest - generally LIBOR - on that same notional amount over the same term as the mortgage notes.
FREIT had variable interest rate loans secured by its Damascus Centre and Wayne PSC properties and currently has variable interest rate loans secured by its Regency and Station Place properties. To reduce interest rate fluctuations, FREIT entered into interest rate swap contracts for each of these loans. These interest rate swap contracts effectively converted variable interest rate payments to fixed interest rate payments. The contracts were based on a notional amount of approximately $16,200,000 ($14,254,000 at October 31, 2023) for the Regency swap and a notional amount of approximately $12,350,000 ($11,521,000 at October 31, 2023) for the Station Place swap. On January 10, 2022, the property owned by Damascus Centre was sold and a portion of the proceeds from the sale was used to pay off the $18.2 million then outstanding balance of the underlying loan and the corresponding swap breakage fees of approximately $213,000 related to the early termination of the interest rate swap contracts on this loan which was included as interest expense on the accompanying consolidated statement of income for the year ended October 31, 2022. (See Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details on the sale of this property.) On June 17, 2022, Wayne PSC terminated its interest rate swap contract on its underlying loan held with People’s
United Bank, which had a maturity date of October 2026, for a settlement amount of approximately $1.4 million. People’s United Bank held the proceeds from this settlement in escrow until the underlying loan was paid off in July 2022 and has been included as a realized gain on interest rate swap termination on the accompanying consolidated statement of income for the year ended October 31, 2022. (See Note 6 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
Interest rate cap contract: To limit exposure on interest rate volatility, FREIT uses an interest rate cap contract to cap a floating interest rate at a set pre-determined rate. FREIT enters into cap contracts with a counterparty that is usually a high-quality commercial bank. In essence, so long as the floating interest rate is below the cap rate, FREIT agrees to pay its counterparties a variable rate of interest on a dollar amount of notional principal (which generally corresponds to FREIT’s mortgage debt). Once the floating interest rate rises above the cap rate, FREIT’s counterparties, in return, agree to pay FREIT a short-term rate of interest above the cap on that same notional amount.
FREIT had a variable interest rate loan secured by its Rotunda Property. On December 30, 2021, the Rotunda Property owned by Grande Rotunda was sold, a portion of the proceeds from the sale was used to pay off the $116.5 million then outstanding balance of the underlying loan and the corresponding interest rate cap on this loan matured with no settlement due at maturity. (See Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for further details.)
In accordance with ASU 2017-12, “Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities to Accounting Standards Codification Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging ("ASC 815")”, FREIT marks-to-market its interest rate swap and cap contracts. As the floating interest rate varies from time-to-time over the term of the contract, the value of the contract will change upward or downward. If the floating rate is higher than the fixed rate, the value of the contract goes up and there is a gain and an asset. If the floating rate is less than the fixed rate, there is a loss and a liability. The interest rate swaps and cap are accounted for as cash flow hedges with the corresponding gains or losses on these contracts not affecting FREIT’s consolidated statement of income; changes in the fair value of these cash flow hedges will be reported in other comprehensive income and appear in the equity section of the consolidated balance sheet. This gain or loss represents the economic consequence of liquidating fixed rate swaps or the cap contract and replacing them with like-duration funding at current market rates, something we would likely never do. Periodic cash settlements of these contracts will be accounted for as an adjustment to interest expense.
FREIT has the following derivative-related risks with its swap contracts (“contract”): 1) early termination risk, and 2) counterparty credit risk.
Early Termination Risk: If FREIT wants to terminate its contract before maturity, it would be bought out or terminated at market value; i.e., the difference in the present value of the anticipated net cash flows from each of the contract’s parties. If current variable interest rates are significantly below FREIT’s fixed interest rate payments, this could be costly. Conversely, if interest rates rise above FREIT’s fixed interest payments and FREIT elected early termination, FREIT would realize a gain on termination. At October 31, 2023, the contracts for Regency and Station Place were in FREIT’s favor. If FREIT had terminated these contracts at that date, it would have realized a gain of approximately $459,000 for the Regency swap and $877,000 for the Station Place swap all of which have been included in FREIT’s consolidated balance sheet as at October 31, 2023. The change in the fair value for the contract (gain or loss) during such period has been included in comprehensive income (loss) and for the years ended October 31, 2023 and 2022, FREIT recorded an unrealized loss of approximately $73,000 and an unrealized gain of $3,717,000, respectively, in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.
Counterparty Credit Risk: Each party to a contract bears the risk that its counterparty will default on its obligation to make a periodic payment. FREIT reduces this risk by entering into a contract only with major financial institutions that are experienced market makers in the derivatives market.
FREIT’s total contractual obligations under its line of credit and mortgage loans in place as of October 31, 2023 are as follows:
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS-PRINCIPAL
(in thousands of dollars)
Within 2 - 3 4 - 5 After 5
Total One Year Years Years Years
Long-Term Debt
Annual Amortization $ 5,955 $ 1,428 $ 2,522 $ 1,490 $ 515
Balloon Payments 132,224 16,522 (A) 79,239 (B) 10,472 25,991
Total Long-Term Debt * $ 138,179 $ 17,950 $ 81,761 $ 11,962 $ 26,506
* Includes deferred interest in the amount of approximately $222,000. See Note 5 to FREIT's consolidated financials for additional details.
(A) Includes the following:
(1) The loan on an apartment building located in River Edge, New Jersey in the amount of approximately $9 million which came due on December 1, 2023. FREIT is in the process of refinancing this loan with the current lender, Provident Bank. While the bank is completing its due diligence around this refinancing, Provident Bank has provided a 90-day extension of the maturity date of this loan based on the same terms and conditions of the existing loan agreement. Management expects this loan to be refinanced, however, until such time as a definitive agreement providing for a refinancing of this loan is entered into, there can be no assurance this loan will be refinanced. (See Note 5 to FREIT's consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
(2) The loan on a property located in Rockaway, New Jersey in the amount of approximately $7.5 million with a maturity date of January 1, 2024. On October 31, 2023, FREIT exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of this loan for an additional one year from an initial maturity date of January 1, 2024 to a new maturity date of January 1, 2025. The loan extension would have been based on a fixed interest rate of approximately 7.44%. On January 11, 2024, FREIT fully repaid this loan with a balance of $7.5 million. This will result in annual debt service savings of approximately $558,000. (See Note 5 to FREIT's consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
(B) Includes the following:
(1) The loan on the Westwood Plaza shopping center located in Westwood, New Jersey, in the amount of approximately $16.6 million which had a maturity date of February 1, 2024. On October 31, 2023, FREIT exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of this loan for an additional one year from an initial maturity date of January 1, 2024 to a new maturity date of January 1, 2025. This loan extension will be at a fixed interest rate based on the then corresponding Wall Street Journal Prime Rate (approximately 8.5%). (See Note 5 to FREIT's consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
FREIT’s annual estimated cash requirements related to interest on its line of credit and mortgage loans in place as of October 31, 2023 are as follows:
INTEREST OBLIGATIONS
(in thousands of dollars)
Within 2 - 3 4 - 5 After 5
Total One Year Years Years Years
Interest on Fixed Rate Debt (B) $ 16,710 $ 5,778 (A) $ 7,531 $ 2,537 $ 864
Interest on Variable Rate Debt - - - - -
Total Interest Obligations $ 16,710 $ 5,778 $ 7,531 $ 2,537 $ 864
(A) Includes interest on the loan on a property located in Rockaway, New Jersey in the amount of approximately $7.5 million which FREIT fully repaid on January 11, 2024. (See Note 5 to FREIT's consolidated financial statements for additional details.)
(B) Interest on the loan on the Westwood Plaza property is calculated based on an estimate of 8.5%.
ADJUSTED FUNDS FROM OPERATIONS
Funds From Operations (“FFO”) is a non-GAAP measure defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”). FREIT does not include distributions from equity/debt/capital gain sources in its computation of FFO. Although many consider FFO as the standard measurement of a REIT’s performance, FREIT modified the NAREIT computation of FFO to include other adjustments to GAAP net income that are not considered by management to be the primary drivers of its decision making process. These adjustments to GAAP net income are straight-line rents and recurring capital improvements on FREIT’s residential apartments. The modified FFO computation is referred to as Adjusted Funds From Operations (“AFFO”). FREIT believes that AFFO is a superior measure of its operating performance. FREIT computes FFO and AFFO as follows:
Years Ended October 31,
(In Thousands, Except Per Share)
Funds From Operations ("FFO") (a)
Net (loss) income $ (575 ) $ 69,244 $ 1,047
Depreciation of consolidated properties 2,944 3,995 9,300
Amortization of deferred leasing costs
Distributions to non-controlling interests (240 )(b) (735 )(c) (1,350 )
Net loss (gain) on sale of Maryland properties 1,003 (68,771 ) -
Net gain on Wayne PSC interest rate swap termination - (1,415 ) -
Adjustment to loss in investment in tenancy-in-common for depreciation 1,438 1,419 1,408
FFO $ 4,673 $ 3,870 $ 10,949
Per Share - Basic $ 0.63 $ 0.55 $ 1.56
Per Share - Diluted $ 0.63 $ 0.54 $ 1.56
(a) As prescribed by NAREIT.
(b) FFO excludes the additional distribution of proceeds to non-controlling interests in the amount of approximately $3.3 million related to the sale of the Damascus and Rotunda properties. See Note 2 to FREIT's consolidated financial statements for further details.
(c) FFO excludes the distribution of proceeds to non-controlling interests in the amount of approximately $19.4 million related to the sale of the Damascus and Rotunda properties. See Note 2 to FREIT's consolidated financial statements for further details.
Adjusted Funds From Operations ("AFFO")
FFO $ 4,673 $ 3,870 $ 10,949
Deferred rents (Straight lining) (18 )
Capital Improvements - Apartments (532 ) (1,034 ) (625 )
AFFO $ 4,241 $ 2,818 $ 10,554
Per Share - Basic and Diluted $ 0.57 $ 0.40 $ 1.50
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding:
Basic 7,441 7,055 7,019
Diluted 7,447 7,132 7,022
FFO and AFFO do not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP, and therefore should not be considered a substitute for net income as a measure of results of operations or for cash flow from operations as a measure of liquidity. Additionally, the application and calculation of FFO and AFFO by certain other REITs may vary materially from that of FREIT, and therefore FREIT’s FFO and AFFO may not be directly comparable to those of other REITs.
DISTRIBUTIONS TO STOCKHOLDERS
Since its inception in 1961, FREIT has elected to be treated as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. In order to qualify as a REIT, FREIT must satisfy a number of highly technical and complex operational requirements of the Internal Revenue Code, including a requirement that FREIT must distribute to its stockholders at least 90% of its REIT taxable income. Although cash used to make distributions reduces amounts available for capital investment, FREIT generally intends to distribute not less than the minimum of REIT taxable income necessary to satisfy the applicable REIT requirement as set forth in the Internal Revenue Code. With respect to the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003, the reduction of the tax rate on dividends does not apply to FREIT dividends other than capital gains dividends, which are subject to capital gains rates. FREIT’s policy is to pass on at least 90% of its ordinary taxable income to stockholders. FREIT’s taxable income is untaxed at the FREIT level to the extent distributed to stockholders. FREIT’s dividends of ordinary taxable income will be taxed as ordinary income to its stockholders and FREIT’s capital gains dividends will be taxed as capital gains to its stockholders. FREIT’s Board evaluates the dividend to be declared/paid (if any) on a quarterly basis.
The following tables list the quarterly dividends declared for the three most recent fiscal years and the dividends as a percentage of taxable income for those periods.
Fiscal Years Ended October 31,
First Quarter $ 0.05 $ 0.10 $ 0.05
Second Quarter $ 0.05 $ 0.10 $ 0.05
Third Quarter $ 0.30 $ - $ 0.05
Fourth Quarter $ 0.05 $ 9.00 $ 0.10
Total For Year $ 0.45 $ 9.20 $ 0.25
(in thousands of dollars) Dividends
Fiscal Per Total Ordinary Capital Gain Taxable as a % of
Year Share Dividends Income-Tax Basis Income-Tax Basis Income Taxable Income
$ 0.45 $ 3,520 $ - * $ - * $ - * 0.0%
$ 9.20 $ 65,163 $ - $ 45,333 $ 45,333 143.7%
$ 0.25 $ 1,755 $ 1,900 $ - $ 1,900 92.4%
*Estimated
INFLATION
Inflation can impact the financial performance of FREIT in various ways. FREIT’s commercial tenant leases normally provide that the tenants bear all or a portion of most operating expenses, which can reduce the impact of inflationary increases on FREIT. Apartment leases are generally for a one-year term, which may allow FREIT to seek increased rents as leases renew or when new tenants are obtained, subject to prevailing market conditions.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 7A QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
See “Liquidity and Capital Resources” and “Segment Information” in Item 7 above.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 8 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The consolidated financial statements and supplementary data of FREIT are submitted as a separate section of this Form 10-K. See "Index to Consolidated Financial Statements" on page 68 of this Form 10-K.

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ITEM 9 CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9A CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), during the fourth fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2023. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the time of this review, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be reported by management or disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act was properly recorded.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a15(f) and 15d-15(f). Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect material misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and concluded our internal control over financial reporting was not effective during the fiscal quarters within our fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, due to the material weakness described below.
Material Weakness
We have concluded that there is a material weakness in our system of internal control over financial reporting (“ICFR”), pertaining to the accounting and classification of our investment in U.S. Treasury securities. This deficiency was discovered in the normal course of our internal reviews, had no material impact on our income statement, required no changes to our prior year’s audited financial statements, did not alter the opinion of our independent auditors, and we believe would not have significantly influenced the decisions of users of these financial statements. However, if not remediated, this deficiency could materially and adversely affect our future ability to timely and accurately report our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
We have identified the following deficiency relating to our control environment around the accounting and classification of our investment in U.S. Treasury securities:
● There was no formalized control designed for the review of investment activity to ensure proper classification and accounting treatment for investments in debt securities under generally accepted accounting principles of ASC 320 as it relates to the balance sheet classification of our investment in U.S. Treasury securities.
● This control deficiency resulted in our investment in U.S. Treasury securities with a maturity of greater than three months being classified inaccurately as cash equivalents rather than as investments during the fiscal quarters ended January 31, 2023, April 30, 2023 and July 31, 2023 within our fiscal year ended October 31, 2023.
While this control deficiency was uncovered during the fourth quarter of our fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 and did not result in material changes to the income statement for the quarters referenced above, it did result in material incorrect classifications to the unaudited balance sheet and unaudited cash flow statements for those quarters.
Remediation Plan
Our management is committed to maintaining a strong internal control environment and implementing measures designed to help ensure that the material weakness identified in this report is remediated. With respect to the material weakness pertaining to risk assessment, control activities and monitoring of the control environment components of the internal control, management developed and is implementing remediation plans to address this material weakness. Such plans and measures include, among other things:
● Establishing a hierarchy of review of our investment portfolio with the appropriate complement of management employees;
● Improve communication between our accounting group and our treasury group to more quickly alert the accounting group of investments being made; and
● Implementing intensive review policies and procedures to be performed at an appropriate time and level.
Management believes the measures described above and others that may be implemented should remediate the material weakness that we have identified. As management continues to evaluate and improve ICFR, we may decide to take additional measures to address control deficiencies to modify certain of the remediation measures described above.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Other than the material weakness identified above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 9B OTHER INFORMATION
None.

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 10 DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Executive Officers and Directors
The executive officers and directors of FREIT are as follows:
Name Age Position(s)
Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. Chief Executive Officer, President and Director
Ronald J. Artinian Chairman of the Board and Director
David F. McBride, Esq. Director
John A. Aiello, Esq. Secretary and Director
Justin F. Meng Director
David B. Hekemian Director
Richard J. Aslanian Director
Allan Tubin Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
There are no family relationships among the members of the FREIT Board of Directors (the “Board”) and the executive officers, except that Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of FREIT, and David B. Hekemian, a director of FREIT, are siblings and the sons of the late Robert S. Hekemian, FREIT’s former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and the former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Hekemian & Co., Inc., FREIT’s managing agent (“Hekemian & Co.”).
During the past five years, none of the directors or executive officers of FREIT have served as directors of any company with a class of securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act or subject to the requirements of Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act or any company registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, except Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., who was a director of Oritani Financial Corp. (ORIT), the holding company for Oritani Bank, of which he was also a director.
Each of the executive officers of FREIT serves in his office(s) until such time as his successor is elected and qualified.
Biographical Information
Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. has served as a director since 2007, and he was appointed as Chief Executive Officer of FREIT in April 2018 following the retirement of the late Robert S. Hekemian as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of FREIT. Mr. Hekemian was additionally appointed to the office of President of FREIT in February 2019. Mr. Hekemian’s current term as a member of the Board is scheduled to expire at the 2026 annual meeting of FREIT’s stockholders and his term as President and Chief Executive Officer will expire at such time as his successor qualifies and is appointed. Mr. Hekemian has been involved in real estate activities for over 40 years, including property management, leasing, mortgage financing, construction and acquisitions of multifamily residential and commercial properties located throughout the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. He has served as Chief Executive Officer of Hekemian & Co. since 2021. From 2004 to 2020, Mr. Hekemian served as President and Chief Operating Officer of Hekemian & Co. From 1983 to 2003, Mr. Hekemian served as Executive Vice President of Hekemian & Co. Mr. Hekemian is principally responsible for identifying real estate acquisitions and evaluating the performance of the real estate properties managed by Hekemian & Co. with a view toward strategic decision making. Mr. Hekemian formerly served on the Board of Oritani Bank and was Chair of the Loan Committee. Mr. Hekemian is a member of the Board of Governors, Hackensack University Medical Center and a former director of the Hackensack University Medical Center Foundation. He formerly served on the Board of the New York Philharmonic and was the former Chairman of the Bergen County Community College Foundation. Mr. Hekemian was appointed Condemnation Commissioner by the State of New Jersey and has served on various corporate and charitable committees. He is a Board Member of the Meridian School of Medicine and Chairs the Student Affairs Committee. Mr. Hekemian earned a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from American University and graduated as a MIT Sloan Fellow from the MIT Sloan School with a Master of Science in Management.
Ronald J. Artinian has served as a director since 1992, and he was appointed as Chairman of FREIT in April 2018 following the retirement of the late Robert S. Hekemian as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of FREIT. Mr. Artinian’s current term as a member of the Board is scheduled to expire at the 2025 annual meeting of FREIT’s stockholders and his term as Chairman
will expire at such time as his successor qualifies and is appointed. Mr. Artinian worked in the financial services industry for 26 years, including with Smith Barney, Inc. from 1989 to 1998, where Mr. Artinian held positions as an Executive Vice President, Managing Director and National Sales Manager. Mr. Artinian retired from Smith Barney in January 1998 in order to pursue other business interests as a private investor. Mr. Artinian joined the board of The Reserve, a money market fund, in 2007 and served as lead independent director from March 2009 through December 2016. Mr. Artinian earned a Bachelor of Arts in English from the University of Pennsylvania and a Master of Business Administration from the University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School.
David F. McBride, Esq. has served as a director since 2007. His current term as a member of the Board is scheduled to expire at the 2026 annual meeting of FREIT’s stockholders. Mr. McBride has over 45 years of diversified real estate experience. He is the Chief Executive Officer of McBride Enterprises, Inc., a family-owned real estate company started in 1898. Mr. McBride was responsible for the development of numerous office and industrial properties, as well as residential projects in northern New Jersey. He also oversaw the operations of his family’s general construction company, the Alpert P. Schmidt Construction Company, civil engineering firm, Urban Planning and Engineering Company, and commercial brokerage firm, McBride Corporate Real Estate. Mr. McBride was also instrumental in forming the Keystone Property Trust (NYSE) in 1998 and served as Chairman of its board until its sale to ProLogis (NYSE) in 2004. Mr. McBride has also been a Partner in and is presently Of Counsel to the law firm of Harwood Lloyd, LLC, specializing in real estate matters. Since 1998, Mr. McBride has also served as the Chairman and President of the Mountain Club Inc., t/a The High Mountain Golf Club. Mr. McBride also served on the Advisory Board of the McDonough School of Business at Georgetown University from 2008 to 2018. Mr. McBride earned a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from Georgetown University and a Juris Doctor from the Georgetown University Law School.
John A. Aiello, Esq. has served as the Secretary of FREIT since 2003 and as a director of the Board since December 2015. His current term as a member of the Board is scheduled to expire at the 2024 annual meeting of FREIT’s stockholders. Mr. Aiello is an officer and shareholder of the law firm of Giordano, Halleran & Ciesla, P.C., where he has practiced law for 48 years. He is Chairman of the law firm’s Corporate and Securities practice group and concentrates his practice on corporate and securities law matters, including mergers and acquisitions and various corporate finance transactions. See the section entitled “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions; Director Independence”. Mr. Aiello is an emeritus member and former Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Business Law Section of the New Jersey State Bar Association and a former member of the Board of Directors of the New Jersey chapter of the Association for Corporate Growth, a non-profit organization of professionals and business leaders in the middle market mergers and acquisitions space. Mr. Aiello is also a member of the Advisory Board of the Leon Hess School of Business of Monmouth University. Mr. Aiello graduated cum laude with a Bachelor of Science in Finance from the University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School and earned a Juris Doctor degree from the Georgetown University Law School.
Justin F. Meng has served as a director since February 2016. His current term as a member of the Board is scheduled to expire at the 2025 annual meeting of FREIT’s stockholders. Mr. Meng is a Co-Founder of V3 Capital Management L.P., an investment firm focused on publicly-traded real estate securities, where he served as Managing Partner from 2011 to 2023. Previously, he was Partner and Head of REIT Research for High Rise Capital Management, L.P., where he worked from 2005 to 2011. From 2002 to 2005, Mr. Meng served as an Associate at J.P. Morgan Asset Management in the Real Estate Investment Group, where he worked both in the acquisitions and asset management departments. From 2000 to 2002, he served as an Analyst at J.P. Morgan Asset Management in their Fixed Income Group. Mr. Meng earned a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering from Brown University and a Master of Science in Real Estate Development from New York University. Mr. Meng is a CFA charterholder.
David B. Hekemian has served as a director since April 2018. His current term as a member of the Board is scheduled to expire at the 2024 annual meeting of FREIT’s stockholders. Mr. Hekemian has served as a commercial real estate executive at Hekemian & Co. for over 30 years, holding positions of increasing responsibilities throughout his tenure at the company focused on strategic business and investment planning, retail development and leasing, asset profitability management and lender negotiations. He has served as President of Hekemian & Co. since 2021. From 1996 to 2020, Mr. Hekemian served as Principal/Broker-Salesperson, Director of Commercial Brokerage and as a member of Hekemian & Co.’s Executive Committee. From 1988 to 1992 he served as Property Manager, and from 1992 to 1996 he served as Vice President-Salesperson of Hekemian & Co. Mr. Hekemian is a member of the Armenian Missionary Association of America, where he served as Assistant Treasurer and a member of the Budget and Finance Committee from 1998 to 2007 and as Co-Chairman of the Investment Committee from 1996 to 2009, which included oversight and management of a $100 million equity and fixed income portfolio. Mr. Hekemian is also a member of the Council for the Borough of Saddle River, NJ. Mr. Hekemian earned a Bachelor of Science in Finance from Boston College.
Richard J. Aslanian has served as a director since April 2018. His current term as a member of the Board is scheduled to expire at the 2024 annual meeting of FREIT’s stockholders. Mr. Aslanian is the Co-Founder of Welcome Home Brands, LLC, a distributor of imported paper and plastic bakeware products that services cruise lines, hotels, casinos and food service companies. He co-founded Welcome Home Brands, LLC in 2010. From 2007 to 2009 Mr. Aslanian was the Chief Executive
Officer, sole Managing Member and founder of Blue Ram Capital Management, LLC, which managed an investment partnership of public equities in developed markets. In 2006, Mr. Aslanian retired from Goldman Sachs & Co. as a Managing Director after having been with the firm since 1991, during which time he was co-head of one of the most prominent wealth management teams of the firm. From 1985 to 1991 Mr. Aslanian was an attorney at the law firm of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP where he concentrated his practice on corporate and tax matters and public and private mergers and acquisitions. Mr. Aslanian established the Richard J. Aslanian Scholarship Fund, an endowed scholarship, at the University of Pennsylvania, and has served on the boards of several charitable organizations, including the Partnership for Inner-City Education, the Harrison Educational Foundation and the Armenian Church Endowment Fund. Mr. Aslanian graduated summa cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from the University of Pennsylvania and graduated from the Columbia University School of Law with honors as a Harlan Fiske Stone Scholar in each of the three years of law school.
Allan Tubin was appointed as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of FREIT in February 2019. Mr. Tubin is the Chief Financial Officer of Hekemian & Co. As Chief Financial Officer of Hekemian & Co., Mr. Tubin is responsible for corporate and project finance, budgeting and tax planning, accounting, and SEC compliance for FREIT. He is a member of Hekemian & Co.’s Acquisitions and Development Due Diligence Team, where he is responsible for financial forecasting and modeling. Mr. Tubin has over 25 years’ experience in real estate finance. Prior to joining Hekemian & Co. in 1996, he served as the Chief Financial Officer for the international real estate activities of the investment bank Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette, and served as a certified public accountant with Ernst & Young. Mr. Tubin earned a Bachelor of Business Administration from Pace University.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires FREIT’s executive officers and directors, and persons who own more than 10% of the Shares, to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership on Forms 3, 4 and 5 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Executive officers, directors and stockholders holding more than 10% of the Shares are required by SEC regulation to furnish FREIT with copies of all Forms 3, 4 and 5 they file. Based solely on FREIT’s review of the copies of such forms it has received, FREIT believes that all of its directors, executive officers and stockholders holding more than 10% complied with all filing requirements applicable to them with respect to reports required to be filed by Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act during fiscal 2023.
Code of Ethics
FREIT has adopted a Code of Ethics that is applicable to all directors, executive officers and management employees of FREIT, including, without limitation, FREIT’s principal executive and senior financial officers. The Audit Committee is charged with administering and interpreting the Code of Ethics. The Code of Ethics is available on FREIT’s website at www.freitnj.com under the “About Us” tab.
Audit Committee
The current members of the Audit Committee of the Board are Ronald J. Artinian, David F. McBride and Richard J. Aslanian. Ronald J. Artinian serves as the Chairman of the Audit Committee. Each member of the Audit Committee satisfies the audit committee qualifications under the NASDAQ Listing Rules and is independent, as independence for audit committee members is defined in the NASDAQ Listing Rules, and they each meet the independence requirements of Exchange Act Rule 10A-3(b)(1).
The Audit Committee held four meetings during fiscal 2023. The Audit Committee selects the independent registered public accounting firm (the “Independent Auditors”) to audit the books and accounts of FREIT. In addition, the Audit Committee reviews and pre-approves the scope and costs of all services (including non-audit services) provided by the Independent Auditors. The Audit Committee also monitors the effectiveness of the audit effort and financial reporting and inquiries into the adequacy of FREIT’s financial and operating controls.
Based on its review of the criteria of an Audit Committee Financial Expert under the rules of the SEC, the Board does not believe that any of the members of FREIT’s Audit Committee qualify as an Audit Committee Financial Expert.
Each of Ronald J. Artinian, David F. McBride and Richard J. Aslanian has made significant contributions and provided valuable service to FREIT and its stockholders as members of the Audit Committee. The Board believes that each of Mr. Artinian, Mr. McBride and Mr. Aslanian has demonstrated that he is capable of (i) understanding accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), (ii) assessing the general application of GAAP principles in connection with the accounting for estimates, accruals and reserves, (iii) understanding financial statements and analyzing and evaluating FREIT’s financial statements, (iv) understanding internal controls and procedures for financial reporting, and (v) understanding audit committee functions, all of which are attributes of an Audit Committee Financial Expert under the rules of the SEC. Given the
business experience and acumen of Mr. Artinian, Mr. McBride and Mr. Aslanian, the Board believes that each of them is qualified to carry out all duties and responsibilities of FREIT’s Audit Committee. However, Mr. Artinian, Mr. McBride and Mr. Aslanian have not acquired these attributes through the specific experience that is required for qualification as an Audit Committee Financial Expert under the rules of the SEC, such as experience serving as, or experience actively supervising, a principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, controller, public accountant or auditor, or experience overseeing or assessing the performance of companies or public accountants with respect to the preparation, auditing or evaluation of financial statements. Therefore, the Board does not believe that any of its current members meets all of the requirements under the SEC rules for qualification as an Audit Committee Financial Expert.
The Board believes that Allan Tubin, FREIT’s Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, meets all of the requirements under the rules of the SEC for qualification as an Audit Committee Financial Expert. However, Mr. Tubin is not a director of FREIT and would not meet the requirements for qualification as an “independent director” under the NASDAQ Listing Rules due to the fact that Mr. Tubin is an executive officer of FREIT and an executive officer of Hekemian & Co. As Chief Financial Officer of FREIT, Mr. Tubin will make the certifications required under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related rules adopted by the SEC with respect to (i) FREIT’s financial statements and other financial information included in periodic reports filed with the SEC, (ii) FREIT’s disclosure controls and procedures regarding the disclosure to the certifying officers of material information relating to FREIT, and (iii) FREIT’s internal controls and the adequacy of the design and operation of such internal controls. As a certifying officer of FREIT, Mr. Tubin will meet with and make reports to the Audit Committee with respect to the items which are the subject matter of his certifications.
Based on the foregoing, the Board believes that the Audit Committee functions effectively and properly performs and discharges its duties, and the Board does not believe that it is necessary at this time to actively search for an outside person to serve on the Board who would qualify as an Audit Committee Financial Expert.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
ITEM 11 EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
FREIT is externally managed by Hekemian & Co. Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of FREIT, and David B. Hekemian, a director of FREIT, each holds a 33.3% equity interest in Hekemian & Co. The balance of the equity interests in Hekemian & Co. is held by other members of the Hekemian family. As compensation for its management services, FREIT pays Hekemian & Co. management and other fees pursuant to a Management Agreement between FREIT and Hekemian & Co. In addition, as an incentive to the employees of Hekemian & Co. (including members of the Hekemian family) to identify and provide real estate investment opportunities for FREIT, FREIT has advanced to such employees who are investors in certain joint venture projects, a portion of the equity capital required to be contributed by them to such joint ventures. In Fiscal 2022, these secured loan amounts (including accrued interest) were repaid to FREIT with no outstanding balance remaining of principal or interest. The Management Agreement and these other incentives are more particularly described in “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions; Director Independence” below.
In view of FREIT’s external management structure, FREIT does not employ executive officers on a full-time basis. The following Compensation Discussion and Analysis presents information regarding FREIT’s compensation policies and programs and the compensation of FREIT’s executive officers.
Compensation Discussion and Analysis
Overview
FREIT’s compensation program is designed to properly compensate the executive officers commensurate with the duties and services that they are employed to perform for FREIT, to reward their dedication, hard work and success and align their interests with the long-term interests of FREIT. The Compensation Committee reviews the compensation paid to the executive officers in consideration of these objectives and makes recommendations to the Board regarding its determinations. The various factors considered by the Compensation Committee in reaching its determinations concerning the compensation of the executive officers are discussed under “Fiscal 2023 Compensation” below.
Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation
The Board has adopted a policy that provides that, in the event that FREIT is required to prepare an accounting restatement due to FREIT’s material non-compliance with any financial reporting requirement, FREIT will require the reimbursement, cancellation or forfeiture, as the case may be and to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, of any incentive-based compensation paid to any current or former executive officer during the three-year period preceding such restatement that was based on the erroneous data and that was paid in excess of the compensation that would have been paid to the executive officer based on the accounting restatement. FREIT will disclose any incentive-based compensation paid to any executive officer that
is based on any measure of financial performance or any other financial information in FREIT’s proxy statement for the annual meeting of stockholders and as required by the rules and regulations of the SEC.
As discussed under “Elements of Executive Compensation” below, FREIT did not pay any incentive-based compensation to any of the executive officers during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023.
Hedging Policy
It is the policy of FREIT that no employee or director of FREIT may purchase any financial instruments that are designed to hedge or offset any decrease in the market value of FREIT’s Shares that (i) were previously awarded, or acquired pursuant to the exercise of any option granted, to an employee or director by FREIT as part of the compensation of such employee or director or (ii) otherwise held, directly or indirectly, by an employee or director, which financial instruments will include, without limitation, puts, calls, straddles, equity swaps and any other derivative security that is directly linked to the Shares.
Elements of Executive Compensation
There are three elements to the compensation of the executive officers of FREIT: (1) base salary; (2) the Equity Incentive Plan; and (3) the Amended and Restated Deferred Fee Plan (the “Deferred Fee Plan”). The Compensation Committee and the Board believe that base salary and the Equity Incentive Plan allow FREIT to accomplish its objectives of properly compensating the executive officers for their services to FREIT, rewarding the dedication, hard work and success of executive officers and aligning the interests of executive officers with the long-term interests of FREIT. The Deferred Fee Plan was terminated on November 3, 2022.
Except for base salary, benefits under the Equity Incentive Plan and Deferred Fee Plan, and fees and equity compensation paid to the executive officers for their service as directors, FREIT does not pay any other compensation or benefits to its executive officers, whether it be in the form of bonus, long-term incentive compensation, perquisites, rights, warrants, convertible securities, performance units, performance shares or other similar instruments. The Equity Incentive Plan is the only employee benefit plan maintained by FREIT. There are no employment contracts between FREIT and any of the executive officers, nor is there any compensatory plan or arrangement between FREIT and any of the executive officers pursuant to which an executive officer would receive payments as the result of his resignation or retirement as an executive officer, or any other event resulting in the termination of his relationship with FREIT as an executive officer, or as a result of a change in control of FREIT. FREIT’s Equity Incentive Plan provides that in the event of (i) a “change in control” as such term is defined in the Equity Incentive Plan, or (ii) a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Trust, other than a sale of assets to a subsidiary or other affiliated entity of the Trust, all outstanding options granted under the Equity Incentive Plan shall become exercisable (to the extent not already exercisable) immediately before or contemporaneously with the occurrence of such change in control or sale, and each outstanding restricted share award granted under the Equity Incentive Plan shall immediately become free of all restrictions, conditions and forfeiture provisions.
As of October 31, 2023, there were 4,800 unexercised options collectively held by the Executive Officers and Directors of the Trust that were outstanding. Additional information with respect to outstanding stock options is set forth in the “Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End” table below.
Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of FREIT, is the Chief Executive Officer of Hekemian & Co. David B. Hekemian, a director of FREIT, is the President of Hekemian & Co. Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement between Hekemian & Co. and FREIT, Hekemian & Co. is entitled to receive a termination fee from FREIT under certain circumstances, including the non-renewal of the Management Agreement by FREIT, termination of the Management Agreement by FREIT without cause, or termination of the Management Agreement by FREIT following an acquisition of FREIT. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions; Director Independence” below.
Equity Incentive Plan
FREIT originally adopted the Equity Incentive Plan in 1999 upon the approval of the Board and the stockholders. In 2007, the Board and stockholders approved amendments to the Equity Incentive Plan to (a) increase the number of Shares reserved for issuance thereunder by 300,000 Shares and (b) extend the term of the Equity Incentive Plan from September 10, 2008 to September 10, 2018. In 2018, the Board and stockholders approved further amendments to the Equity Incentive Plan to (a) increase the number of Shares reserved for issuance thereunder by an additional 300,000 Shares and (b) further extend the term of the Equity Incentive Plan from September 10, 2018 to September 10, 2028.
The purpose of the Equity Incentive Plan is to allow FREIT to retain the services of individuals who have made, and/or who are expected to make, significant contributions to the business of FREIT and its subsidiaries, to align such persons’ interests with the long-term interests of FREIT, and to reward hard work, dedication and success by providing such individuals with an
opportunity to acquire Shares of FREIT or receive other Share-based awards. Eligible participants include executive officers, directors and consultants of FREIT, including employees of Hekemian & Co.
The Board administers the Equity Incentive Plan, with the full and exclusive power to interpret the plan, to adopt rules, regulations and guidelines relating to the plan, to grant waivers of restrictions under the plan and to make all of the determinations necessary for the administration of the plan. The Board’s authority to administer the Equity Incentive Plan includes the authority, within the limits set forth in the plan, to determine the persons to whom awards may be granted, determine the number of Shares to be covered by each award, establish the terms, conditions and provisions of the awards to be granted, and establish restrictions on the awards or subsequently waive any such restriction or permit any such restriction to lapse.
The exercise price of options granted under the Equity Incentive Plan will be equal to the Fair Market Value (as defined in the Equity Incentive Plan) of the Shares on the date of the grant of the options. For any other form of award, the consideration, if any, to be paid in exchange for the award will be determined by the Board, but in no event will such consideration be greater than the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the date of grant. The Equity Incentive Plan provides for adjustments to the exercise price of options in certain circumstances. The term of awards will be determined by the Board, but shall not exceed 10 years from the date of grant. Awards will vest in accordance with terms fixed by the Board, and vesting of awards may accelerate upon the occurrence of certain events, including a “change in control” (as defined in the Equity Incentive Plan), sale of all or substantially all of the Trust’s assets, or the death, Retirement (as defined in the Equity Incentive Plan) or disability of the participant.
The Board may terminate, modify or amend the Equity Incentive Plan at any time, provided that any modification or amendment that increases the number of Shares reserved for issuance thereunder is subject to the approval of FREIT’s stockholders, and any termination, modification or amendment that adversely affects the terms of any outstanding awards is subject to the consent of the holders thereof. On August 4, 2022, in connection with the Board’s approval of the special, extraordinary, non-recurring cash distribution (“Extraordinary Distribution”), the Compensation Committee of the Board recommended and the Board approved that (i) the option exercise price of options outstanding under the Equity Incentive Plan be adjusted, by reason of the Extraordinary Distribution, in accordance with the terms of the Equity Incentive Plan; and (ii) the exercise price of options outstanding under the Equity Incentive Plan should be reduced by an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (x) the average of the closing price of FREIT’s shares, as reported by Yahoo Finance, for each business day during the period of five (5) business days prior to the ex-dividend date relating to the Extraordinary Distribution (August 31, 2022), over (y) the average of the closing price of FREIT’s shares, as reported by Yahoo Finance, for each business day during the period of five (5) business days following the ex-dividend date relating to the Extraordinary Distribution. On September 9, 2022, the Board approved a reduction of $7.50 per share in exercise price for the 310,740 options then outstanding under the Plan.
The Board has charged the Compensation Committee with the responsibility of making recommendations to the Board with respect to grants of awards under the Equity Incentive Plan to eligible participants. While the Equity Incentive Plan provides that options to acquire Shares will be the principal form of award under the plan, the plan also provides for grants of restricted Share awards and other Share-based awards.
On March 9, 2023, in accordance with FREIT’s Equity Incentive Plan, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board and the Board approved that for services rendered and to be rendered in Fiscal 2023, in lieu of cash compensation in the amount of $20,000, each director was awarded shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value, (the “Shares”) in FREIT. Based on the closing price of FREIT’s Shares on March 9, 2023 of $15.50 per Share, the Board has approved an award of 1,290 Shares of FREIT to each director serving on FREIT’s Board. As such, 1,290 Shares were issued to each director on March 9, 2023 and upon issuance were deemed fully paid and non-assessable.
Amended and Restated Deferred Fee Plan
Effective November 1, 2000, the Board adopted the Deferred Fee Plan, which is intended to provide a benefit to executive officers and directors who have made, and/or who are expected to continue to make, significant contributions to the long-term success of FREIT. An election to defer compensation is required to be made prior to the calendar year for which it will be effective, and is irrevocable with respect to the calendar year to which it applies. The Deferred Fee Plan was amended and restated effective December 31, 2008, and further amended and restated effective November 1, 2014.
The original purpose of the Deferred Fee Plan was to provide executive officers and directors with a long-term savings opportunity. Prior to the amendments to the Deferred Fee Plan that went into effect as of November 1, 2014, the Deferred Fee Plan permitted any executive officer or director to elect to defer receipt of any compensation, including executive officer salary, director annual retainer fees, meeting attendance fees, and property site inspection fees, and the rate of interest payable on any amounts deferred was fixed at 9% per annum, compounded quarterly.
The amendments to the Deferred Fee Plan that went into effect as of November 1, 2014 shifted the purpose of the Deferred Fee Plan from a long-term savings vehicle for eligible participants to an opportunity for eligible participants to increase their equity position in FREIT. As amended and restated effective November 1, 2014, the Deferred Fee Plan no longer permitted directors who are also executive officers of FREIT to defer amounts payable to them as salary for their services as executive officers. Participants in the Deferred Fee Plan were only permitted to defer amounts payable to them for their service as directors. In addition, from and after November 1, 2014, amounts deferred, together with the interest accrued on a participant’s entire balance, are converted on the last day of each calendar quarter into share units that are equivalent to Shares (“Share Units”), and credited to the participant’s account. Amounts deferred under the Deferred Fee Plan are converted into Share Units on a quarterly basis, on the last day of each calendar quarter. The number of Share Units to be credited with respect to amounts deferred during a calendar quarter will be determined by the closing price of the Shares on the trading day immediately preceding the last day of such calendar quarter. The participants’ existing balances as of October 31, 2014 have been preserved in the form of cash and have not been converted into Share Units, although the interest that accrues on such existing balances from and after November 1, 2014 was converted into Share Units. As of November 1, 2014, the interest rate on participants’ cash balances under the Deferred Fee Plan was changed from 9% per annum to the average interest rate on ten-year Treasury bonds plus 150 basis points. In the event that any cash dividend is paid by FREIT with respect to the Shares, each participant is credited with a number of Share Units equal to (x) the amount of the cash dividend paid with respect to one Share, (y) multiplied by the total number of Share Units credited to a participant’s account as of the record date for the dividend, (z) divided by the fair market value of one Share on the trading day immediately preceding the payment date of the dividend. In the event that any dividend is paid with respect to the Shares in Shares, each participant is credited with a number of Share Units equal to the number of full Shares that such participant would have received had the participant been the owner, on the record date for the dividend, of a number of Shares equal to the number of Share Units credited to the participant’s account.
A participant’s deferred benefits under the Deferred Fee Plan shall be paid to the participant at either: (i) the retirement age specified by the participant in the deferral election; (ii) actual retirement of the participant; (iii) upon the earlier cessation of duties as a director of FREIT prior to retirement; or (iv) upon a change in control of FREIT as defined in the Deferred Fee Plan. On the payment date, FREIT shall issue to the participant a number of Shares equal to the number of Share Units credited to the participant’s account, and shall pay to the participant amounts maintained in the participant’s account as of October 31, 2014 as cash, in either a lump sum or in a number of substantially equal annual installments over a period not to exceed 10 years, at the election of the participant, except if a participant elects to receive payment upon the occurrence of a change in control, in which case all such amounts shall be payable in a lump sum. FREIT has not created and will not create a cash sinking fund for amounts deferred pursuant to the Deferred Fee Plan that are not payable in Shares. As a result, any participant who elects to participate in the Deferred Fee Plan is an unsecured creditor of FREIT with respect to any amounts deferred thereunder. The Deferred Fee Plan may be amended, suspended or terminated by resolution of the Board at any time and from time to time, provided, that no amendment, suspension or termination shall operate to adversely affect the plan benefits accrued or available for any participant.
On November 4, 2021 (the “Adoption Date”), the Board approved the termination of the Deferred Fee Plan resulting in the termination of the deferral of fees on December 31, 2021 with any subsequent fees earned by a participant being paid in cash. Consistent with the termination of the Deferred Fee Plan, payment related to each participant’s cash account (in the form of a cash lump sum payment) and share unit account (in the form of the issuance of common stock) (collectively “the Deferred Fee Plan Termination Payment”), must be made to each participant no earlier than twelve (12) months and one day after, and no later than twenty-four (24) months, after the Adoption Date. Any interest earned on the participant’s cash account along with dividends (if any) earned on share units, continued to accrue in share units on each participant’s account until final payment was made. On November 3, 2022, the Board determined that the Deferred Fee Plan Termination Payment shall be made to the participants in the Deferred Fee Plan on January 20, 2023. The Deferred Fee Plan Termination Payment includes the amount deferred and earned under the Deferred Fee Plan during fiscal 2023 as described in the two following paragraphs.
As of October 31, 2022, the total payments related to the cash accounts of all participants was approximately $2,317,000 (consisting of approximately $1,366,000 of cumulative fees and approximately $951,000 of accrued interest) which had been deferred as of November 1, 2014 and was included in the “Deferred director compensation payable” in the consolidated balance sheet as of October 31, 2022. On January 20, 2023, in accordance with the Deferred Fee Plan Termination Payment, this amount was paid in full to each respective participant with no remaining balance due. Additionally, payment related to each participant’s share unit account was made in the form of the issuance of stock to each respective participant resulting in the issuance of 274,509 shares of common stock for each of the 274,509 vested share units. There are no remaining vested share units to be paid in the form of the issuance of stock.
During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, participants deferred a total of approximately $26,500 under the Deferred Fee Plan, consisting of approximately $0 of deferred director fees, $26,500 of accrued deferred interest and $0 representing dividends payable in respect of Share Units. Pursuant to the amendments to the Deferred Fee Plan that became effective on November 1, 2014, the aggregate amount of $26,500 deferred by all participants during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 converted into an aggregate amount of 1,630 Share Units, which were credited to the participants’ accounts. Additional information regarding
the participants’ deferral of fees and the conversion of deferred amounts into Share Units credited to their accounts is set forth under “Fiscal 2023 Nonqualified Deferred Compensation” and “Fiscal 2023 Director Compensation” below.
Fiscal 2023 Compensation
With respect to compensation for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board that the base salary paid to Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. for his service as Chief Executive Officer of FREIT be maintained at $400,000 per year, and that there be no adjustments to the compensation paid to Allan Tubin as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of FREIT, Ronald J. Artinian as the Chairman of the Board of FREIT or John A. Aiello as Secretary of FREIT.
With respect to compensation for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2022, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board that the base salary paid to Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. for his service as Chief Executive Officer of FREIT be increased to $500,000 per year from $400,000 per year and the base salary paid to Allan Tubin as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of FREIT be increased to $40,000 per year from $30,000 per year, and that there be no adjustments to the compensation paid to Ronald J. Artinian as the Chairman of the Board of FREIT or John A. Aiello as Secretary of FREIT.
With respect to compensation for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board that effective March 9, 2023 the base salary paid to Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. for his service as Chief Executive Officer of FREIT be increased to $600,000 per year from $500,000 per year and the base salary paid to Allan Tubin as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of FREIT be increased to $45,000 per year from $40,000 per year, the base salary paid to John A. Aiello as Secretary of FREIT be increased to $50,000 per year from $40,000 per year, and that there be no adjustment to the compensation paid to Ronald J. Artinian as the Chairman of the Board of FREIT.
The Compensation Committee considers the following factors, among other things, in the course of its review of the compensation for the executive officers: (a) compensation paid by other real estate investment trusts, both as a component of operating expenses and to ensure that FREIT’s compensation levels are competitive in the industry; (b) the duties and responsibilities of the executive officers and the value of the services provided by them; (c) FREIT’s operating results and financial condition, as well as the condition and prospects of the residential and commercial real estate markets; and (d) the results of the most recent stockholder advisory vote to approve the compensation of the executive officers, which was conducted at the 2023 annual meeting of FREIT’s stockholders.
The Compensation Committee reviews compensation paid by other real estate investment trusts in the most general way in view of the fact that unlike many other real estate investment trusts, FREIT is externally managed. Therefore, FREIT does not retain the services of its executive officers on a full-time, exclusive basis, and the executive officers do not spend full time in their respective positions or devote all of their business activities to FREIT. The Compensation Committee and the Board take these considerations into account when determining the compensation to be paid to FREIT’s executive officers, and the compensation paid to the executive officers reflects what the Compensation Committee and the Board believe to be fair and reasonable compensation for the services that the executive officers provide to FREIT and their commitment to serve as executive officers of FREIT under these circumstances. The Compensation Committee and the Board also consider the size and scope of FREIT’s business and operations as reflected on its balance sheet and income statement in relationship to other real estate investment trusts.
As required by the rules and regulations of the SEC, at the 2023 annual meeting of stockholders, the stockholders were asked to approve an advisory resolution approving the compensation of the executive officers as disclosed and described in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis and the compensation tables and narratives contained in FREIT’s proxy statement used in connection with the annual meeting. The advisory resolution received the approval of approximately 74.6% of the votes cast on this proposal. The Compensation Committee and the Board concluded from the strong approval of the advisory resolution that the stockholders believe that FREIT’s compensation policies and the compensation paid to the executive officers are appropriate and reflective of FREIT’s objectives of aligning the interests of the executive officers with the long-term interests of FREIT. In accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC, and based on the results of the vote by the stockholders at the 2023 annual meeting of stockholders on the frequency of such vote, the advisory vote by the stockholders to approve the compensation of the executive officers will occur again at the 2026 annual meeting of stockholders.
Risk Management
The Compensation Committee does not believe that FREIT’s executive compensation program gives rise to any risks that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on FREIT. Executive officers are compensated on a fixed salary basis and have not been awarded any bonuses or other compensation that might encourage the taking of unnecessary or excessive risks that threaten the long-term value of FREIT. In addition, the Compensation Committee and the Board have utilized, and may continue to utilize, the Equity Incentive Plan to align the interests of the directors and executive officers with the long-term
interests of FREIT and the stockholders through grants of stock options and other equity-based awards, thereby giving the directors and executive officers additional incentives to protect the long-term value of FREIT.
Executive Compensation and Financial Performance
As discussed above, the executive officers of FREIT are compensated primarily on a fixed salary basis and have not been awarded any incentive-based cash bonuses, and the compensation paid to the executive officers is not specifically dependent upon any particular measure of financial performance. However, the Compensation Committee considers, in general terms, both the overall financial performance and condition of FREIT and FREIT’s long-term prospects in the Committee’s determination of appropriate levels of executive salary, among other factors and considerations discussed under “Fiscal 2023 Compensation” above.
Chief Executive Officer Compensation and Employee Compensation
The table below sets forth comparative information regarding (A) the total compensation of the Chief Executive Officer for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, (B) the median of the total compensation of all other employees of FREIT, not including the Chief Executive Officer, for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, and (C) the ratio of the Chief Executive Officer’s total compensation to the median of the total compensation of all other employees (other than the Chief Executive Officer). As of October 31, 2023, excluding the Chief Executive Officer, FREIT had twenty-six (26) employees, including twenty-one (21) full-time employees (including the Pierre TIC), two (2) part-time and seasonal employees, and three (3) executive officers.
Chief Executive Officer compensation (A) $643,644
Median compensation of all employees (not including Chief Executive Officer) (B) $51,486
Ratio of (A) to (B) 12.50
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, David F. McBride, Justin F. Meng and Richard J. Aslanian served on the Compensation Committee of the Board, with Mr. McBride serving as the Chairman of the Committee. None of the members of the Compensation Committee served as an executive officer or employee of FREIT at any time during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 nor have any of them ever served as an executive officer of FREIT in any prior year.
Compensation Committee Report
The Compensation Committee has discussed and reviewed the foregoing Compensation Discussion and Analysis with management. Based upon this review and discussion, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Form 10K report.
Submitted by: David F. McBride, Chairman
Justin F. Meng
Richard J. Aslanian
SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
The following table sets forth information concerning the compensation of all of the named executive officers of FREIT (the “Executive Officers”) as of October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 for services in all capacities to FREIT for the 2023, 2022 and 2021 fiscal years, respectively. With respect to all compensation, the term “paid” will mean actually paid or deferred.
Name and
Principal
Position (1) Year Salary ($)(2) Bonus
($) Stock
Awards
($)(3) Option
Awards
($) Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($) Change in
Pension Value
and
Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings ($) All Other
Compensation
($) Total ($)
Robert S.
Hekemian, Jr.,
President and
Chief Executive
Officer $564,888 (4) $ - $20,000 $ - $ - $ - $58,756 (5) $643,644
$500,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $330,779 (5) $830,779
$400,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $68,758 (5) $468,758
Allan Tubin,
Treasurer and
Chief Financial
Officer $43,244 (4) $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $43,244
$40,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $40,000
$30,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $30,000
John A. Aiello,
Esq.,
Secretary
$46,489 (4) $ - $20,000 $ - $ - $ - $60,222 (6) $126,711 (7)
$40,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $78,000 (6) $118,000 (7)
$40,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $75,000 (6) $115,000 (7)
(1) Represents the positions held by each Executive Officer for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021.
(2) Represents payment to the Executive Officers for their services as Executive Officers of FREIT.
(3) On March 9, 2023, in accordance with FREIT’s Equity Incentive Plan, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board and the Board approved that for services rendered and to be rendered in Fiscal 2023, in lieu of cash compensation in the amount of $20,000, each director was awarded shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value, (the “Shares”) in FREIT. Based on the closing price of FREIT’s Shares on March 9, 2023 of $15.50 per Share, the Board has approved an award of 1,290 Shares of FREIT to each director serving on FREIT’s Board. As such, 1,290 Shares were issued to each director on March 9, 2023 and upon issuance were deemed fully paid and non-assessable.
(4) On March 9, 2023, with respect to compensation for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board and the Board approved that the base salary paid to Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. for his service as Chief Executive Officer of FREIT be increased to $600,000 per year from $500,000 per year, the base salary paid to Allan Tubin as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of FREIT be increased to $45,000 per year from $40,000 per year and the base salary paid to John A. Aiello as Secretary of FREIT be increased to $50,000 per year from $40,000 per year. The increased amounts were paid on a prorated basis for Fiscal 2023.
(5) Of these amounts: $3,034, $10,822 and $7,531 represent accrued interest earned in the fiscal years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, on amounts previously deferred by Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. pursuant to the terms of the Deferred Fee Plan, pursuant to which payment of accrued interest is deferred until such time that the deferred fees are paid to Mr. Hekemian; $55,722, $52,500 and $0 represent annual retainer fees, meeting fees and other fees paid to Mr. Hekemian in the fiscal years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, as consideration for his service on the Board and, if applicable, its committees; $0, $4,000 and $55,000 represent annual retainer fees, meeting fees and other fees paid to Mr. Hekemian in the fiscal years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, as consideration for his service on the Board and, if applicable, its committees but deferred pursuant to the terms of the Deferred Fee Plan; and $0, $263,457 and $6,227 represent dividends earned related to accrued interest and fees in the fiscal years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Pursuant to the amendments to the Deferred Fee Plan that became effective on November 1, 2014, the aggregate amount of $3,034 deferred for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 converted into an aggregate of 186 Share Units, $278,279 deferred (including dividends earned on deferral) for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2022 converted into an aggregate of 15,081 Share Units, and $68,758 deferred
(including dividends earned on deferral) for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021 converted into an aggregate of 3,820 Share Units. See “Amended and Restated Deferred Fee Plan” above.
(6) For the period from November 1, 2023 through March 9, 2023 and during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, the Secretary was entitled to receive: (i) meeting attendance fees in the amount of $1,500 for each meeting of the Board and its committees attended, $1,000 for each meeting participated in by teleconference; and (ii) property site inspection fees in the amount of $1,000 for each site inspection attended and reimbursement of all reasonable and verified out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with the site visit.
(7) Mr. Aiello is an officer and shareholder in the law firm of Giordano, Halleran & Ciesla, P.C. During the fiscal years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, Mr. Aiello paid to the law firm the retainer and meeting fees he received in connection with his services as Secretary of FREIT during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021.
The following table sets forth information concerning the compensation of the Executive Officers that was deferred pursuant to the Deferred Fee Plan, described under “Amended and Restated Deferred Fee Plan” above, for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023:
FISCAL 2023 NONQUALIFIED DEFERRED COMPENSATION
Name (1) (a)
Executive
Contributions
in Last FY (2)
($)
(b)
Registrant Contributions
in Last FY (2)
($)
Aggregate
Earnings
in Last FY
($)
Aggregate
Withdrawals/
Distributions
($)
Aggregate
Balance
at Last
FYE (2)
($)
Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. $ - $ - $3,034 $1,013,287 $ -
Allan Tubin $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -
John A. Aiello, Esq. $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -
(1) Effective November 1, 2000, the Board adopted the Deferred Fee Plan for its executive officers and its directors. The Deferred Fee Plan was amended and restated on December 30, 2008, effective as of December 31, 2008, and further amended and restated on September 4, 2014, effective beginning November 1, 2014. Prior to the amendments that went into effect beginning November 1, 2014, the Deferred Fee Plan permitted any executive officer or director to elect to defer receipt of any executive officer, director retainer, meeting attendance, or property site inspection fee. As a result of the amendments to the Deferred Fee Plan that went into effect on November 1, 2014, participants in the Deferred Fee Plan who are also Executive Officers of FREIT are only permitted to defer amounts paid to them in their capacities as directors, and are not permitted to defer amounts paid to them in their capacities as Executive Officers. On November 4, 2021, the Board approved the termination of the Deferred Fee Plan. On November 3, 2022, the Board determined that the Deferred Fee Plan Termination Payment shall be made to the participants in the Deferred Fee Plan on January 20, 2023. On January 20, 2023, in accordance with the Deferred Fee Plan Termination Payment, this amount was paid in full to each respective participant with no remaining balance due. Additionally, payment related to each participant’s share unit account was made in the form of the issuance of stock to each respective participant resulting in the issuance of 274,509 shares of common stock for each of the 274,509 vested share units. There were no remaining vested share units to be paid in the form of the issuance of stock. Please see the full discussion of the Deferred Fee Plan under “Amended and Restated Deferred Fee Plan” above.
(2) All amounts reported in columns (a) and (b) are reported in the “Summary Compensation Table” above as compensation to the named executive officers in their capacities as members of the Board in the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023.
The following table sets forth information concerning the conversion into Share Units of deferred fees, accrued deferred interest and dividends payable with respect to credited Share Units under the Deferred Fee Plan during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, and the aggregate number of credited Share Units, for each executive officer individually.
Participant Aggregate
Deferred
Fees for FY
Accrued
Deferred
Interest for
FY 2023 Dividends
Payable on
Credited Share
Units for FY
Share Units
Credited
for FY 2023 Distribution
of Share
Units for
FY 2023 Aggregate
Share Units
Credited
Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. $3,034 $ - $ - 41,440 -
Allan Tubin $ - $ - $ - - - -
John A. Aiello, Esq. $ - $ - $ - - - -
See “Amended and Restated Deferred Fee Plan” above for more information concerning the terms and provisions of the Deferred Fee Plan and the information set forth in these tables.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
The number of stock options outstanding under the Equity Incentive Plan, the weighted-average exercise price of the outstanding options and the number of securities remaining available for issuance, as of October 31, 2023 were as follows:
EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN TABLE
Plan Category
Number of securities
to be Issued upon
Exercise of
Outstanding Options,
Warrants and Rights
(a)
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding Options,
Warrants and Rights
(b)
Number of Securities
Remaining Available
for Future Issuance
under Equity
Compensation Plans
(Excluding Securities
Reflected in
Column (a))
(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders (1) 8,440 $9.21 433,030
Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders - - -
Total 8,440 $9.21 433,030
(1) FREIT currently has no equity compensation plans other than the Equity Incentive Plan described under “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” above.
OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL YEAR-END
Option Awards Stock Awards
Name Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Exercisable Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Unexercisable Equity
Incentive
Plan Awards:
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Unearned
Options (#) Option
Exercise
Price ($) Option
Expiration
Date Number
of
Shares
or Units
of Stock
That
Have
Not
Vested
(#) Market
Value of
Shares
or Units
of Stock
That
Have
Not
Vested
($) Equity
Incentive
Plan
Awards:
Number of
Unexercised
Shares,
Units or
Other
Rights That
Have Not
Vested (#) Equity
Incentive
Plan
Awards:
Market or
Payout
Value of
Unearned
Shares,
Units or
Other
Rights
That Have
Not Vested
($)
Robert S.
Hekemian, Jr. - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - -
Allan Tubin - - - - - - - - -
John A. Aiello,
Esq. - - - - - - - - -
Fiscal 2023 Option Exercises and Stock Vested
In Fiscal 2023, options with respect to 49,200 shares were exercised by current Executive Officers and directors for an aggregate amount of approximately $514,000.
Director Compensation
From November 1, 2023 through March 9, 2023, each director was entitled to receive (a) an annual retainer fee of $35,000 per year; (b) a per meeting attendance fee of $1,500 per meeting of the Board and each committee of which a director is a member; (c) a $1,000 per meeting fee for telephonic meetings of the Board and each committee; and (d) a site inspection fee of $1,000 per site inspection. The Chairman of the Board was entitled to receive an additional annual retainer in the amount of $30,000 and a per meeting attendance fee of $1,800 per meeting of the Board, and the Chairman of the Audit Committee and the Chairman of the Compensation Committee were entitled to receive per meeting attendance fees of $1,800 per meeting of the Audit Committee and Compensation Committee. The Chairman of the Audit Committee and the Chairman of the Compensation Committee were entitled to receive an additional annual retainer fee of $10,000 and $7,500, respectively.
Effective March 9, 2023, the Board approved the following adjustments to compensation to be paid to the members of FREIT’s Board for services rendered and to be rendered in 2023 as follows: (a) an award to each member of the Board under the FREIT Equity Incentive Plan of shares of FREIT Common Stock, $.01 par value, having a value of $20,000, in lieu of cash compensation; (b) an increase in the annual retainer paid to members of the Board from $35,000 to $60,000; (b) an increase in the annual retainer for the Chairman of the Audit Committee from $10,000 to $15,000; (c) an increase in the annual retainer for the Chair of the Compensation Committee of the Board from $7,500 to $10,000; (d) payment of an annual retainer to each member of the Nominating, Audit and Compensation Committees of the Board in the amount of $2,500; and (e) the elimination of the payment of per meeting participation fees for the Board and Committees of the Board. Based on the closing price of FREIT’s shares on March 9, 2023 of $15.50 per share, each director was awarded 1,290 shares of FREIT Common Stock. The increased fees were paid on a prorated basis in Fiscal 2023.
The directors were entitled to defer all or any part of their retainer, meeting and site inspection fees pursuant to the terms of the Deferred Fee Plan. On November 4, 2021 (the “Adoption Date”), the Board approved the termination of the Deferred Fee Plan resulting in the termination of the deferral of fees on December 31, 2021 with any subsequent fees earned by a participant being paid in cash. Consistent with the termination of the Deferred Fee Plan, payment of each participant’s Deferred Fee Plan
Termination Payment must be made to each participant no earlier than twelve (12) months and one day after, and no later than twenty-four (24) months, after the Adoption Date. Any interest earned on the participant’s cash account along with dividends (if any) earned on share units, will continue to accrue in share units on each participant’s account until final payment is made. On November 3, 2022, the Board determined that the Deferred Fee Plan Termination Payment shall be made to the participants in the Deferred Fee Plan on January 20, 2023. The Deferred Fee Plan Termination Payment includes the amount deferred and earned under the Deferred Fee Plan during fiscal 2023 as described in the following two paragraphs.
As of October 31, 2022, the total payments related to the cash accounts of all participants was approximately $2,317,000 (consisting of approximately $1,366,000 of cumulative fees and approximately $951,000 of accrued interest) which had been deferred as of November 1, 2014 and was included in the “Deferred director compensation payable” in the consolidated balance sheet as of October 31, 2022. On January 20, 2023, in accordance with the Deferred Fee Plan Termination Payment, this amount was paid in full to each respective participant with no remaining balance due. Additionally, payment related to each participant’s share unit account was made in the form of the issuance of stock to each respective participant resulting in the issuance of 274,509 shares of common stock for each of the 274,509 vested share units. There are no remaining vested share units to be paid in the form of the issuance of stock.
For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, directors (including the directors who were also Executive Officers during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023) elected to defer an aggregate amount of approximately $26,500 of accrued interest payable to them, which amount was converted into an aggregate of 1,630 Share Units during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023. See “Elements of Executive Compensation - Amended and Restated Deferred Fee Plan” under “Executive Compensation - Compensation Discussion and Analysis” above.
For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, FREIT paid an aggregate of $453,474 of annual retainer fees, meeting attendance fees and site inspection fees to the directors in cash and $140,000 in stock awards for their services to the Board and its committees.
FISCAL 2023 DIRECTOR COMPENSATION (1)
Name
Paid and
Deferred Fees
Earned
($)
Stock Awards
($)(2)
Option
Awards
($)
Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)
Change in
Pension Value
and
Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)(3)
All Other
Compensation ($)
Total
($)
Ronald J.
Artinian $82,861 (4) $20,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $102,861 (4)
David F.
McBride $79,971 $20,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $99,971
Justin F. Meng $66,466 $20,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $86,466
David B.
Hekemian $55,722 $20,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $75,722
Richard J.
Aslanian $69,588 $20,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $89,588
(1) See the Summary Compensation Table above for information regarding compensation paid to each of Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. and John A. Aiello during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 in connection with their positions as directors.
(2) On March 9, 2023, in accordance with FREIT’s Equity Incentive Plan, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board and the Board approved that for services rendered and to be rendered in Fiscal 2023, in lieu of cash compensation in the amount of $20,000, each director was awarded shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value, (the “Shares”) in FREIT. Based on the closing price of FREIT’s Shares on March 9, 2023 of $15.50 per Share, the Board has approved an award of 1,290 Shares of FREIT to each director serving on FREIT’s Board. As such, 1,290 Shares were issued to each director on March 9, 2023 and upon issuance were deemed fully paid and non-assessable.
(3) Effective November 1, 2014, the Deferred Fee Plan was amended to provide that the interest rate was equal to the average interest rate on ten-year Treasury bonds plus 150 basis points. The Deferred Fee Plan was also amended to provide that accrued deferred interest from and after November 1, 2014 would be converted into Share Units equivalent to Shares on a monthly basis. On November 4, 2021, the Board approved the termination of the Deferred Fee Plan resulting in the termination of the deferral of fees on December 31, 2021 with any subsequent fees earned by a participant being paid in cash. See “Amended and Restated Deferred Fee Plan” above for a description of the amendments to the Deferred Fee Plan.
(4) Does not include annual retainer of $30,000 paid to Mr. Artinian in cash in his capacity as Chairman of the Board.
The following table sets forth information concerning the conversion of deferred fees and accrued deferred interest into Share Units under the Deferred Fee Plan during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 for each director who participated in the Deferred Fee Plan during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, except that the information concerning the participation of Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. and John A. Aiello, Esq., in the Deferred Fee Plan in their capacities as directors is set forth under “Executive Compensation” above.
Participant Aggregate
Deferred Fees
for FY 2023 Accrued
Deferred
Interest for
FY 2023 Dividends Paid
on Credited
Share Units for
FY 2023 Share Units
Credited for
FY 2023 Distribution
of Share
Units Aggregate
Share Units
Credited
Ronald J.
Artinian $ - $9,573 $ - 72,775 -
David F.
McBride $ - $3,005 $ - 53,798 -
Justin F.
Meng $ - $ - $ - - 33,950 -
David B.
Hekemian $ - $ - $ - - 14,645 -
Richard J.
Aslanian $ - $ - $ - - 21,280 -
Totals $ - $12,578 $ - 196,448 -

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
ITEM 12 SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of Shares for (i) each person who is a beneficial owner of 5% or more of FREIT’s outstanding Shares, (ii) each of FREIT’s directors and executive officers and (iii) all of FREIT’s directors and executive officers as a group, each as of January 29, 2024 unless otherwise indicated in the table below.
Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership
Name of Beneficial Owner (1) (A)
Aggregate
Number of Shares
Beneficially
Owned (2) (B)
Number of Shares
Acquirable within
60 Days (5) (C)
Aggregate
Number of Shares
Deemed to be
Beneficially
Owned
(Column A plus
Column B) (D)
Percent
of Class (3)
Ronald J. Artinian (4) 544,157 (6) 1,000 545,157 (6) 7.3 %
David F. McBride, Esq. (4) 79,088 (7) - 79,088 (7) 1.1 %
Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. (4)(8) 365,878 (9) - 365,878 (9) 4.9 %
John A. Aiello, Esq. (4)(8) 25,290 - 25,290 *
Justin F. Meng (4) 69,240 (10) - 69,240 (10) *
David B. Hekemian (4) 506,511 (11) - 506,511 (11) 6.8 %
Richard J. Aslanian (4) 47,970 3,800 51,770 *
Allan Tubin (8) 13,662 - 13,662 *
All directors and executive officers as a group (8 persons) (6)(7)(9)(10)(11)(12) 1,549,580 (12) 4,800 1,554,380 (12) 20.9 %
* Shares beneficially owned do not exceed 1 E issued and outstanding Shares.
(1) All directors and executive officers listed in this table, with the exception of John A. Aiello, maintain a mailing address at 505 Main Street, Suite 400, Hackensack, New Jersey 07601. John A. Aiello maintains a mailing address at 125 Half Mile Road, Suite 300, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701.
(2) Except as otherwise indicated, all of the Shares are held beneficially and of record.
(3) Based on 7,449,583 Shares outstanding as of January 29, 2024.
(4) A director of FREIT.
(5) Vested options to acquire Shares that are currently exercisable, or options that vest and become exercisable within 60 days after January 29, 2024.
(6) Includes 52,504 Shares held in Individual Retirement Accounts for the benefit of Mr. Artinian. Also includes 4,550 Shares which are held by Mr. Artinian’s son, with respect to which Mr. Artinian disclaims beneficial ownership. Includes an aggregate of 383,388 shares pledged as collateral with two banking institutions to secure certain personal indebtedness.
(7) Includes 4,000 Shares held by Mr. McBride’s wife.
(8) An executive officer of FREIT.
(9) Includes (i) an aggregate of 102,216 Shares which are held by certain partnerships and limited liability companies in which Mr. Hekemian is a partner or member, (ii) 9,238 Shares which are held in trust by Mr. Hekemian for the benefit of his children, (iii) an aggregate of 11,000 Shares which are held in certain trusts for the benefit of Mr. Hekemian’s nephews and of which Mr. Hekemian is trustee, and (iv) 78,917 shares pledged as collateral with a banking institution to secure indebtedness of an entity affiliated with Mr. Hekemian. Also includes 25,458 Shares held in a trust of which Mr. Hekemian is a beneficiary. Mr. Hekemian disclaims beneficial ownership of the foregoing Shares held in partnerships, limited liability companies and trusts except to the extent of his pecuniary interest in such partnerships, limited liability companies and trusts.
(10) Includes 2,400 Shares held by Mr. Meng’s wife, with respect to which Mr. Meng disclaims beneficial ownership.
(11) Includes (i) an aggregate of 102,216 Shares which are held by certain partnerships and limited liability companies in which Mr. Hekemian is a partner or member, (ii) an aggregate of 22,506 Shares which are held in certain trusts for the benefit of Mr. Hekemian’s nephews and niece and of which Mr. Hekemian is a trustee, (iii) 25,470 Shares held in a trust of which Mr. Hekemian is a beneficiary, (iv) an aggregate of 88,940 Shares held by the Robert and Mary Jane Hekemian Foundation, Inc. of which Mr. Hekemian is the Vice President/Treasurer, (v) 6,000 Shares held in trust by Mr. Hekemian for the benefit of his children, (vi) an aggregate of 45,000 shares held by Edelen Associates, a partnership in which Mr. Hekemian is a partner, and (vii) 84,916 shares pledged as collateral with a banking institution to secure indebtedness of an entity affiliated with Mr. Hekemian. Mr. Hekemian disclaims beneficial ownership of the foregoing Shares held in partnerships, limited liability companies and trusts except to the extent of his pecuniary interest in such partnerships, limited liability companies and trusts. Also includes 2,750 Shares held by Mr. Hekemian’s wife, with respect to which Mr. Hekemian disclaims beneficial ownership.
(12) Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. and David B. Hekemian are both deemed to be the beneficial owner of 102,216 Shares held by certain partnerships and limited liability companies in which each of them is a partner or member. Therefore, the total number of Shares beneficially owned by all executive officers and directors as a group, which includes both Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. and David B. Hekemian, is not merely the aggregate of the beneficial ownership of each executive officer and director, since calculating the aggregate number of Shares beneficially owned by all executive officers and directors as a group on that basis would result in the 102,216 Shares of which both Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. and David B. Hekemian are deemed the beneficial owner being double-counted. As disclosed above, Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. and David B. Hekemian disclaim beneficial ownership of the 102,216 Shares except to the extent of their respective pecuniary interests in the partnerships and limited liability companies that hold such Shares.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
ITEM 13 CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS; DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Of the seven members of the Board, Ronald J. Artinian, David F. McBride, Justin F. Meng and Richard J. Aslanian qualify as “independent directors” in accordance with the applicable NASDAQ Listing Rules and SEC rules. Each of the directors serving on committees of the Board: (Nominating Committee- Ronald J. Artinian, Justin F. Meng and David F. McBride); (Compensation Committee-David F. McBride, Justin F. Meng and Richard J. Aslanian); and (Audit Committee-Ronald J. Artinian, David F. McBride and Richard J. Aslanian) qualifies as an “independent director” in accordance with the applicable NASDAQ Listing Rules and SEC rules.
The Board has adopted a written charter for the Audit Committee (see “Audit Committee” under Item 10 above) whereby the Audit Committee oversees and evaluates all related party transactions proposed to be entered into by FREIT. Further, FREIT has adopted a Code of Ethics applicable to all directors, executive officers and management employees of FREIT (see “Code of Ethics” under Item 10 above), which Code of Ethics promotes the honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships.
Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., President and Chief Executive Officer of FREIT and a director of FREIT, and David B. Hekemian, a director of FREIT, are shareholders of Hekemian & Co. Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. and David B. Hekemian each holds a 33.3% equity interest in Hekemian & Co. The balance of the equity interest in Hekemian & Co. is held by other members of the Hekemian family, including Bryan S. Hekemian. Robert S. Hekemian, Jr. serves as the Chief Executive Officer of Hekemian & Co.; David B. Hekemian serves as the President of Hekemian & Co.; and Bryan S. Hekemian serves as the Chief Operating Officer of Hekemian & Co.
On April 10, 2002, FREIT and Hekemian & Co. entered into a Management Agreement replacing the Management Agreement dated December 20, 1961, as extended. The term of the Management Agreement automatically renews for periods of two years unless either party gives at least six months prior notice to the other of non-renewal. The term of the Management Agreement
was renewed for a two-year term, which will expire on October 31, 2025. FREIT may terminate the Management Agreement (i) without cause upon one year’s prior written notice, (ii) for cause if Hekemian & Co. has not cured an event of default within 30 days of receipt of notice of termination from FREIT, or (iii) in the event of an acquisition of FREIT where FREIT ceases to effectively exist as an operating entity. The Management Agreement provides for a termination fee (“Termination Fee”) in the event of a termination by FREIT without cause and a termination fee of 1.25 times the Termination Fee if the Management Agreement terminates following a merger or acquisition of FREIT (the “M&A Termination Fee”). On March 9, 2023, the Board approved an amendment to the Management Agreement (the “Second Amendment”) which provides, among other things, that the M&A Termination Fee shall be increased from 1.25 times the Termination Fee to 2.5 times the Termination Fee.
Under the Management Agreement, Hekemian & Co. serves as managing agent for FREIT’s properties which FREIT owned on November 1, 2001. FREIT may retain Hekemian & Co. or other managing agents to manage its properties acquired after November 1, 2001 and to perform various other duties such as sales, acquisitions, and development with respect to any or all of FREIT’s properties. However, Hekemian & Co. currently manages all properties owned by FREIT and its affiliates, except for the office building at the Rotunda Property, located in Baltimore, Maryland that was acquired in July 2005 by Grande Rotunda, LLC (“Grande Rotunda”), a limited liability company in which FREIT owns a 60% equity interest. An unaffiliated third party management company managed the commercial office space at the Rotunda. The property owned by Grande Rotunda was sold on December 30, 2021. (See Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details.) Hekemian & Co. is not the exclusive advisor for FREIT to locate and recommend investments deemed suitable for FREIT, and it is not required to offer potential acquisition properties exclusively to FREIT before acquiring those properties for Hekemian & Co.’s own account or for others, including shareholders and employees of Hekemian & Co.
FREIT retained Hekemian & Co. to manage the Preakness Shopping Center, which was acquired on November 1, 2002 by Wayne PSC, LLC (“Wayne PSC”), a limited liability company in which FREIT owns a 40% membership interest, and the Damascus Shopping Center, which was acquired on July 31, 2003 by Damascus Centre, LLC (“Damascus Centre”), a limited liability company in which FREIT owns a 70% equity interest. On January 10, 2022, the property owned by Damascus Centre was sold. (See Note 2 to FREIT’s consolidated financial statements for additional details.) In the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004, FREIT retained Hekemian & Co. to manage The Pierre Towers, an apartment complex acquired on April 15, 2004. This property was formerly owned by S And A Commercial Associates Limited Partnership (“S&A”), which was reorganized by FREIT on February 28, 2020 from a partnership into a tenancy-in-common (“TIC”), in which FREIT ultimately acquired a 65% undivided ownership interest.
Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, FREIT pays Hekemian & Co. certain basic management fees, mortgage origination fees, administrative fees, other miscellaneous fees and leasing commissions as compensation for its services. The Management Agreement includes a detailed schedule of such fees and commissions for those services which the managing agent may be called upon to perform. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, FREIT incurred to Hekemian & Co. management and other fees in the approximate aggregate amount of $2,474,000, which includes the management fees of approximately $1,342,000 described in more detail below, and mortgage, leasing and other fees in the approximate amount of $1,132,000. Included in other fees for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 are commissions payable to Hekemian & Co. for the following: $129,000 for the additional proceeds received from the post-closing rent escrow for the sale of the Rotunda Property; $20,000 for the additional proceeds received from the post-closing rent escrow for the sale of the Westridge Square Property; $10,000 for the additional proceeds received from the post-closing rent escrow for the sale of the Damascus Property; $127,500 for refinancing of the loan on the Westwood Hills property; and $21,000 for the modification and extension of the loan on the Westwood Plaza property.
FREIT also uses the resources of Hekemian & Co.’s insurance department to secure insurance coverage for its properties and subsidiaries. Hekemian & Co. is paid a commission for these services, which amounted to approximately $166,000 in the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023.
From time to time, FREIT engages Hekemian & Co., or certain affiliates of Hekemian & Co., to provide certain additional services, such as consulting services related to development and financing activities of FREIT. Separate fee arrangements are negotiated between FREIT and Hekemian & Co. with respect to such services. FREIT also reimburses Hekemian & Co. certain operating expenses, such as payroll and insurance costs, incurred on behalf of FREIT.
FREIT’s real estate investments may be in the form of wholly owned fee interests or, if the circumstances warrant, joint venture interests or as tenants-in-common. FREIT will make certain real estate investments through joint ventures with other parties from time to time in order to diversify risk. FREIT will also consider investing in real estate that requires development or that involves particular risk through joint ventures in order to meet FREIT’s investment objectives. In furtherance of these objectives, FREIT has invested in joint ventures with employees and affiliates of Hekemian & Co. and with directors of FREIT, as described below.
FREIT owns a 60% equity interest in, and is the managing member of, Grande Rotunda, which was the owner of the Rotunda property. Rotunda 100, LLC (“Rotunda 100”), owns a 40% equity interest in Grande Rotunda. Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of FREIT and a shareholder and officer of Hekemian & Co.; David B. Hekemian, a director of FREIT and a shareholder and officer of Hekemian & Co.; Allan Tubin, the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of FREIT and an officer of Hekemian & Co.; certain other members of the immediate family of the late Robert S. Hekemian, the former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of and consultant to FREIT and a former shareholder and former officer of Hekemian & Co. and other employees of Hekemian & Co. have majority managing control of Rotunda 100. In July 2005, Grande Rotunda completed the acquisition of the Rotunda for a purchase price of approximately $31 million (inclusive of transaction costs), which was financed, in part, from an acquisition loan in the amount of $22.5 million, and the balance of which was contributed in cash by the members of Grande Rotunda in proportion to their membership interests. As an incentive to the employees of Hekemian & Co. to identify and provide real estate investment opportunities for FREIT, FREIT advanced to the employees of Hekemian & Co. who are members of Rotunda 100 (including Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., David B. Hekemian, Allan Tubin and certain other members of the immediate family of the late Robert S. Hekemian), 50% of the amount of the equity capital required to be contributed by them to Rotunda 100 in connection with the acquisition and operation of the Rotunda. FREIT initially loaned an aggregate amount of approximately $1,900,000 to those Hekemian & Co. employees (including approximately $1,800,000 to Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., David B. Hekemian and Allan Tubin) and certain other members of the immediate family of the late Robert S. Hekemian with respect to their equity capital contributions (the “Rotunda Notes”). On May 8, 2008, the Board approved amendments to the loan agreements to increase the aggregate amount of the loans to $4,000,000 (which increased the aggregate amount loaned to Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., David B. Hekemian, Allan Tubin and certain other members of the immediate family of the late Robert S. Hekemian in connection with the Rotunda Notes to $3,800,000 from the initial aggregate amount of $1,800,000). These loans bore interest that floated at 225 basis points over the 90-day London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), as adjusted each November 1, February 1, May 1 and August 1, and the loans were secured by such employees’ membership interests in Rotunda 100. The Rotunda Notes originally provided for payments of accrued interest on a quarterly basis, with no principal payments required during the term of the Rotunda Notes, except that the borrowers were required to pay to FREIT all refinancing proceeds and other cash flow they received from their interests in Grande Rotunda. The Rotunda Notes were originally scheduled to mature at the earlier of (a) 10 years after issue, on June 19, 2015 and (b) at the election of FREIT, 90 days after the borrower terminated employment with Hekemian & Co., at which time all outstanding unpaid amounts would be due. On June 4, 2015, the Board approved an extension of the terms of each of the Rotunda Notes to the earlier to occur of (a) June 19, 2018 and (b) the day that is 5 days after Grande Rotunda closes on a permanent mortgage loan secured by the Rotunda property. On December 7, 2017, the Board approved amendments to the Rotunda Notes to further extend the term of each of the Rotunda Notes to the date or dates upon which Grande Rotunda makes distributions of cash to its members as a result of either a refinancing of Grande Rotunda’s indebtedness or a sale of Grande Rotunda or all or a portion of the real property owned by it; provided, that the Rotunda Notes will mature only to the extent of such distributions to the maker of the Rotunda Notes. Pursuant to the December 7, 2017 amendments, distributions of cash as a result of events other than a refinancing of the indebtedness of Grande Rotunda or sale of the Rotunda property will not result in the maturation of the Rotunda Notes. On December 30, 2021, the Rotunda Property was sold and the net sales proceeds were distributed to the equity owners in Grande Rotunda. In Fiscal 2022, approximately $5.3 million of the secured loans receivable (including accrued interest) were repaid to FREIT with no outstanding balance remaining of principal or interest related to the Rotunda 100 notes.
Grande Rotunda did not pay Hekemian & Co. management fees during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023. Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, Grande Rotunda paid Hekemian & Co. leasing commissions in the aggregate amount of approximately $189,000, which is included in the $1,132,000 of mortgage, leasing and other fees paid to Hekemian & Co. mentioned above during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023.
Prior to the refinancing of the Wells Fargo construction loan for the Rotunda property with a new loan from Aareal Capital Corporation, FREIT and Rotunda 100, as the 60% and 40% owners of Grande Rotunda, respectively, had been contributing their respective pro-rata share of Grande Rotunda’s cash needs through loans to Grande Rotunda. On December 30, 2021, the Rotunda Property was sold and Grande Rotunda repaid loans including accrued interest of approximately $31 million to the equity owners in Grande Rotunda. In Fiscal 2022, all loans were repaid in full to each of the equity owners in Grande Rotunda.
FREIT owns a 70% equity interest in, and is the managing member of, Damascus Centre, which was the owner of the 144,000 square foot shopping center located in Damascus, Maryland. Damascus 100, LLC (“Damascus 100”), owns a 30% equity interest in Damascus Centre. Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of FREIT and a shareholder and officer of Hekemian & Co.; David B. Hekemian, a director of FREIT and a shareholder and officer of Hekemian & Co.; Allan Tubin, the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of FREIT and an officer of Hekemian & Co.; certain other members of the immediate family of the late Robert S. Hekemian, the former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of and consultant to FREIT and a former shareholder and former officer of Hekemian & Co. and other employees of Hekemian & Co. have majority managing control of Damascus 100. On January 10, 2022, the property owned by Damascus Centre was sold. Damascus Centre did not pay Hekemian & Co. any management fees or leasing commissions during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023.
FREIT owns a 40% membership interest in Westwood Hills, LLC (“Westwood Hills”), which is the owner of a 210-unit residential apartment complex in Westwood, New Jersey. In addition, an aggregate of 35% of the membership interests in Westwood Hills is beneficially owned by: Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., the Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of FREIT and a shareholder and officer of Hekemian & Co.; Ronald J. Artinian, the Chairman and a director of FREIT; David B. Hekemian, a director of FREIT and a shareholder and officer of Hekemian & Co.; the Estate of Robert S. Hekemian, the former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of and consultant to FREIT and a former shareholder and former officer of Hekemian & Co.; members of Hekemian family; and two former directors of FREIT. Pursuant to the terms of an operating agreement, FREIT is the managing member of Westwood Hills. Hekemian & Co. currently serves as the managing agent for Westwood Hills. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, Westwood Hills paid Hekemian & Co. approximately $268,000 in management fees, which is included in the $1,342,000 of management fees paid by FREIT to Hekemian & Co. during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 mentioned above.
FREIT owns a 40% equity interest in Wayne PSC and H-TPKE, LLC (“H-TPKE”), owns a 60% equity interest in Wayne PSC. In addition, an aggregate of approximately 73% of the membership interests in H-TPKE is controlled by: Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., the Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of FREIT and a shareholder and officer of Hekemian & Co.; David B. Hekemian, a director of FREIT and a shareholder and officer of Hekemian & Co.; the late Robert S. Hekemian, the former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and consultant to FREIT and a former shareholder and former officer of Hekemian & Co.; members of the families of Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., David B. Hekemian and the late Robert S. Hekemian; and other employees of Hekemian & Co. FREIT is the managing member of Wayne PSC. Wayne PSC owns a 322,000 square foot shopping center located in Wayne, New Jersey, known as the Preakness Shopping Center. Hekemian & Co. is the managing agent for the Preakness Shopping Center. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, Wayne PSC paid Hekemian & Co. approximately $137,000 in management fees, which is included in the $1,342,000 of management fees paid by FREIT to Hekemian & Co. during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 mentioned above. Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, Wayne PSC paid Hekemian & Co. leasing commissions in the aggregate amount of approximately $27,000 with respect to leasing activity at the Preakness Shopping Center, which is included in the $1,132,000 of mortgage, leasing and other fees paid to Hekemian & Co. mentioned above during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023.
On March 10, 2022, the equity owners in Wayne PSC, H-TPKE and FREIT, each entered into a grid promissory note for funding Wayne PSC up to $600,000 and $400,000, respectively, based on each owner’s respective pro-rata share of Wayne PSC. During May 2022, Wayne PSC required funding by each of the owners totaling $500,000, with each owner contributing its respective pro-rata share of Wayne PSC. As such, H-TPKE funded $300,000 and FREIT funded $200,000. Wayne PSC repaid these loans in full (including accrued interest) to each of the equity owners from the net proceeds received from the refinancing of the loan on the Preakness Shopping Center in July 2022.
On February 28, 2020, FREIT reorganized S&A from a partnership into a TIC. Prior to this reorganization, FREIT owned a 65% partnership interest in S&A, which owned 100% of the Pierre Towers property located in Hackensack, New Jersey through its 100% interest in Pierre Towers, LLC. Accordingly, FREIT consolidated the financial statements of S&A and its subsidiary to include 100% of the subsidiary’s assets, liabilities, operations and cash flows with the interest not owned by FREIT reflected as “noncontrolling interests in subsidiary” and all significant intercompany accounts and transactions were eliminated in consolidation.
Pursuant to the TIC agreement, FREIT ultimately acquired a 65% undivided interest in the Pierre Towers property which was formerly owned by S&A. Based on the guidance of Accounting Standards Codification 810, “Consolidation”, FREIT’s investment in the TIC is accounted for under the equity method of accounting. While FREIT’s effective ownership percentage interest in the Pierre Towers property remains unchanged after the reorganization to a TIC, FREIT no longer has a controlling interest as the TIC is now under joint control. The remaining 35% undivided interest in the Pierre Towers property is owned by Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., the Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of FREIT and a shareholder and officer of Hekemian & Co.; David B. Hekemian, a director of FREIT and a shareholder and officer of Hekemian & Co.; Allan Tubin, the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of FREIT and an officer of Hekemian & Co.; and certain members of the immediate family of the late Robert S. Hekemian, the former Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and consultant to FREIT and a former shareholder and officer of Hekemian & Co. In February 2005, and in accordance with its investment policy regarding risk diversification, FREIT allowed the minority owners of the former S&A partnership to make a cash contribution to the former S&A partnership of approximately $1.3 million to increase their ownership interest in the former S&A partnership from approximately 25% to 35%, which approximated market value at the time of the investment. On April 15, 2004, the former S&A partnership purchased The Pierre Towers, a residential apartment complex located in Hackensack, New Jersey. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Pierre Towers TIC paid Hekemian & Co. approximately $418,000 in management fees. Additionally, the Pierre Towers TIC also uses the resources of the Hekemian & Co. insurance department to secure various insurance coverages for the Pierre Towers property. The Pierre Towers TIC paid approximately $51,000 for such insurance services for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023.
Robert S. Hekemian, Jr., the Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of FREIT and a shareholder and officer of Hekemian & Co., was a director of Oritani Financial Corp. and its subsidiary, Oritani Bank, until Oritani Financial was merged into Valley National Bancorp in December 2019. FREIT is a party to a commercial mortgage loan with Valley National Bancorp. The mortgage loan is in the original principal amount of $22,750,000 with an interest rate of 4.75% per annum, is secured by FREIT’s Westwood Plaza property and was scheduled to mature on February 1, 2023. Effective February 1, 2023, FREIT entered into a loan extension and modification agreement with Valley National Bank on this loan with a then outstanding balance of approximately $16,864,361. Under the terms and conditions of this loan extension and modification, the maturity date of the loan was extended for a term of one (1) year from February 1, 2023 to February 1, 2024 with the option of FREIT to extend for one additional year from the extended maturity date, subject to certain provisions of the loan agreement. This mortgage loan was negotiated at arm’s length and was on standard terms. On October 31, 2023, FREIT exercised its right, pursuant to the loan agreement, to extend the term of this loan for one additional year from an initial maturity date of February 1, 2024 to a new maturity date of February 1, 2025. This loan extension will be at a fixed interest rate based on the then corresponding Wall Street Journal Prime Rate (approximately 8.5%).
FREIT retained the law firm of Giordano, Halleran & Ciesla, P.C during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 to furnish legal services. John A. Aiello, a director and Secretary of FREIT, is an officer and shareholder in the law firm. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, Giordano, Halleran & Ciesla, P.C. received $255,950 in fees from FREIT and its affiliates for its services. In addition, Mr. Aiello paid to the law firm the amount of $50,989, representing retainer and meeting fees, which Mr. Aiello received in connection with his services as the Secretary of FREIT during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 14 PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Audit Fees
Audit fees billed by EisnerAmper LLP to FREIT totaled $408,000 for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 for professional services rendered in connection with the audits of FREIT’s consolidated financial statements and reviews of the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023. Audit fees billed by EisnerAmper LLP to FREIT totaled $388,000 for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2022 for professional services rendered in connection with the audits of FREIT’s consolidated financial statements and reviews of the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2022.
Audit-Related Fees
EisnerAmper LLP did not bill FREIT, and FREIT did not pay, for any audit-related fees during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2023 and 2022.
Tax Fees
In the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, EisnerAmper LLP billed FREIT $50,000 for the preparation of FREIT’s 2022 tax return. In the fiscal year ended October 31, 2022, EisnerAmper LLP billed FREIT $46,000 for the preparation of FREIT’s 2021 tax return.
All Other Fees
EisnerAmper LLP did not bill FREIT, and FREIT did not pay, for any other services during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2023 and 2022.
Policy on Pre-Approval of Audit and Permissible Non-Audit Services
All audit and non-audit services provided by FREIT’s independent registered public accounting firm and the fees associated therewith are pre-approved by the Audit Committee in accordance with the written charter of the Audit Committee adopted by the Board. The Audit Committee gives due consideration to the potential impact of all non-audit services on auditor independence. The engagement of EisnerAmper LLP, which was pre-approved by the Audit Committee, did not make use of the de minimis exception for pre-approval contained in the rules of the SEC that permit limited engagements for non-audit services involving amounts under a specified threshold.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
ITEM 15: EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SCHEDULES
(a) Financial Statements: Page
(i) Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB 274) 70-71
(ii) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 31, 2023 and 2022 72
(iii) Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 73
(iv) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 74
(v) Consolidated Statements of Equity for the years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 75
(vi) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended October 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 76
(vii) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 77
(b) Financial Statement Schedule:
(i) III - Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation 97-98
(c) Exhibits:
See Index to Exhibits. 99