EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1016504
Filing Year: 2023
Filename: 1016504_10-K_2023_0001437749-23-026022.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Item 1. Description of Business
General
Integrated BioPharma, Inc., a Delaware corporation (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”), is engaged primarily in manufacturing, distributing, marketing and sales of vitamins, nutritional supplements and herbal products. The Company’s customers are located primarily in the United States and Luxembourg. The Company was originally incorporated in the state of Delaware on August 31, 1995 under the name Chem International, Inc., on December 5, 2000, changed its name to Integrated Health Technologies, Inc. and, on January 29, 2003, changed its name to Integrated BioPharma, Inc. The Company restated its certificate of incorporation in Delaware in June 2006. The Company continues to do business as Chem International, Inc. with certain of its customers and certain vendors.
The Company’s business segments include: (a) Contract Manufacturing operated by Manhattan Drug Company, Inc. (“MDC”), which manufactures vitamins and nutritional supplements for sale to distributors, multilevel marketers and specialized health-care providers and (b) Other Nutraceutical Businesses which includes the operations of (i) AgroLabs, Inc. (“AgroLabs”), which distributed healthful nutritional products for sale through major mass market, grocery and drug and vitamin retailers under the following brands: Peaceful Sleep, and Wheatgrass and other products introduced into the market using the AgroLabs name (these are referred to as our branded products); (ii) The Vitamin Factory (the “Vitamin Factory”), which sells private label MDC products, as well as our AgroLabs products, through the Internet, (iii) IHT Health Products, Inc. (“IHT”) a distributor of fine natural botanicals, including multi minerals produced under a license agreement, (iv) MDC Warehousing and Distribution, Inc., a service provider for warehousing and fulfilment services and (v) Chem International, Inc., a distributor of certain raw materials for DSM Nutritional Products LLC. The Vitamin Factory had no products available for sale and AgroLabs had no sales of its branded products in each of the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.
Significant Revenues from Major Customers
In the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, a significant portion of our consolidated net sales, approximately 89% and 90%, respectively, were concentrated among two customers, Life Extension Quality Supplements and Vitamins, Inc. (“Life Extension”) and Herbalife Nutrition LTD (“Herbalife”), both customers in our Contract Manufacturing Segment. Life Extension and Herbalife represented approximately 70% and 24% and 67% and 26%, respectively, of our Contract Manufacturing Segment’s net sales in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Thermosource Tooling and Manufacturing, HotPack Global Inc. and ThermoFisher Scientific (customers of our Other Nutraceutical Businesses Segment), while not significant customers of our consolidated net sales, represented approximately 56%, 16% and 9% and 40%, 1% and 19%, respectively, of the Other Nutraceutical Businesses net sales in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The loss of any of these customers could have a significant adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
Raw Materials
The principal raw materials used in the manufacturing process in the Company’s business are natural and synthetic vitamins, minerals, herbs, related nutritional supplements, vegetable and gelatin capsules, coating materials, organic and natural fruit extracts, fruit juices and the necessary components for packaging the finished products. The raw materials are available from numerous sources within the United States and abroad. The vegetable and gelatin capsules, coating materials and packaging materials are similarly widely available. The Company generally purchases its raw materials, on a purchase order basis, without long-term commitments in each of its operating segments. We have one principal supplier for our Other Nutraceutical Businesses segment, DSM Nutritional Products LLC and several suppliers in our Contract Manufacturing Segment.
Development and Supply Agreement
Effective July 15, 2009, the Company entered into development and supply agreements with Herbalife International of America, Inc. and Herbalife International of Luxembourg S.à.R.L, subsidiaries of Herbalife, pursuant to which the Company develops, manufactures and supplies certain nutritional products to Herbalife. This agreement is in the process of being extended through December 31, 2025. This agreement does not, however, obligate the Company to supply any particular amount of goods to Herbalife, nor does it obligate Herbalife to commit to a minimum order, if any. In its ordinary course of business, the Company enters into similar agreements with other customers in connection with its contract manufacturing business.
Seasonality
The nutraceutical business tends to be seasonal. We have found that in our first fiscal quarter ending on September 30th of each year, orders for our branded proprietary nutraceutical products usually slow (absent the addition of new customers or a new product launch with a significant first time order), as buyers in various markets may have purchased sufficient inventory to carry them through the summer months. Conversely, in our second fiscal quarter, ending on December 31st of each year, orders for our products increase as the demand for our branded nutraceutical products, as well as sales orders from our customers in our contract manufacturing segment, seem to increase in late December to early January as consumers become health conscious as they enter the new year.
The Company believes that there are other non-seasonal factors that also may influence the variability of quarterly results including, but not limited to, general economic and industry conditions that affect consumer spending, changing consumer demands and current news on nutritional supplements. Accordingly, a comparison of the Company’s results of operations from consecutive periods is not necessarily meaningful, and the Company’s results of operations for any period are not necessarily indicative of future periods.
Government Regulations
The manufacturing, processing, formulation, packaging, labeling and advertising of our products are subject to regulation by a number of federal agencies, including the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”), the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”), the United States Postal Service, the Consumer Product Safety Commission and the United States Department of Agriculture. Our activities are also regulated by various state and local agencies in states where our products are sold. The FDA is primarily responsible for the regulation of the manufacturing, labeling and sale of our products. The operation of our vitamin manufacturing facility is subject to regulation by the FDA as a dietary supplement manufacturing facility. The United States Postal Service and the FTC regulate advertising claims with respect to the Company’s products. In addition, we manufacture and market certain of our products in compliance with the guidelines promulgated by the United States Pharmacopoeia Convention, Inc. (“USP”) and other voluntary standards organizations.
The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (“DSHEA”) was enacted on October 25, 1994. The Dietary Supplement Act amends the U.S. Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (“FFD&CA”) by defining dietary supplements, which include vitamins, minerals, nutritional supplements and herbs, and by providing a regulatory framework to ensure safe, quality dietary supplements and the dissemination of accurate information about such products. The FDA is generally prohibited from regulating the active ingredients in dietary supplements as food additives, or as drugs unless product claims trigger drug status. The DSHEA requires the FDA to regulate dietary supplements so as to guarantee consumer access to beneficial dietary supplements, allowing only truthful and proven claims. Generally, dietary ingredients that were on the market before October 15, 1994 may be sold without FDA pre-approval and without notifying the FDA. However, new dietary ingredients (those not used in dietary supplements marketed before October 15, 1994) require pre-market submission to the FDA of evidence of a history of their safe use, or other evidence establishing that they are reasonably expected to be safe. There can be no assurance that the FDA will accept the evidence of safety for any new dietary ingredient we may decide to use. The FDA’s refusal to accept such evidence could result in regulation of such dietary ingredients as food additives, requiring the FDA pre-approval based on newly conducted, costly safety testing.
DSHEA provides for specific nutritional labeling requirements for dietary supplements effective January 1, 1997. The Dietary Supplement Act permits substantiated, truthful and non-misleading statements of nutritional support to be made in labeling, such as statements describing general well-being from consumption of a dietary ingredient or the role of a nutrient or dietary ingredient in affecting or maintaining the structure or function of the body. The FDA requires the Company to notify the FDA of such statements. There can be no assurance that the FDA will not consider particular labeling statements used by us to be drug claims rather than acceptable statements of nutritional support, necessitating approval of a costly new drug application, or re-labeling to delete such statements. It is also possible that the FDA could allege false statements were submitted to it if structure/function claim notifications were either non-existent or so lacking in scientific support as to be plainly false.
As authorized by DSHEA, the FDA adopted Good Manufacturing Practices (“GMP”) specifically for dietary supplements (21 CFR Part 111). These GMP regulations, which became effective in June 2008, are more detailed than the GMPs that previously applied to dietary supplements and require, among other things, dietary supplements to be prepared, packaged and held in compliance with specific rules, and require quality controls similar to those required by GMP regulations for drugs. We believe our manufacturing and distribution practices comply with these rules.
Dietary supplements are also subject to the Nutrition, Labeling and Education Act (“NLEA”), which regulates health claims, ingredient labeling and nutrient content claims characterizing the level of a nutrient in a product. NLEA prohibits the use of any health claim for dietary supplements unless the health claim is supported by significant agreement within the scientific community and is pre-approved by the FDA.
In certain markets, including the United States, claims made with respect to dietary supplements may change the regulatory status of our products. For example, in the United States, the FDA could possibly take the position that claims made for some of our products classify those products as new drugs requiring pre-approval by the FDA. The FDA could also place those products within the scope of its over-the-counter (“OTC”) drug regulations and require us to comply with a published FDA OTC monograph. OTC monographs dictate permissible ingredients, appropriate labeling language and require the marketer or supplier of the products to register and file annual drug listing information with the FDA. We do not, at present, sell OTC drug products. If the FDA were to assert that our product claims cause them to be considered new drugs or to fall within the scope of OTC regulations, we would be required to either; file a new drug application, comply with the applicable monographs, or change the claims made in connection with those products.
The FTC regulates the marketing practices and advertising of all our products. In recent years, the FTC instituted enforcement actions against several dietary supplement companies for false and misleading marketing practices and advertising of certain products. These enforcement actions have resulted in consent decrees and monetary payments by the companies involved. Under FTC standards, the dissemination of any false advertising constitutes an unfair or deceptive act or practice actionable under Section 45 of the Fair Trade Commission Act and a false advertisement actionable under Section 52 of that Act. A false advertisement is one that is “misleading in a material respect.” In determining whether an advertisement or labeling information is misleading in a material respect, the FTC determines not only whether overt and implied representations are false but also whether the advertisement fails to reveal material facts. Under the FTC’s standards, any health benefit representation made in advertising must be backed by “competent and reliable scientific evidence” by which the FTC means: “tests, analyses, research studies, or other evidence based upon the expertise of professionals in the relevant area, that have been conducted and evaluated in an objective manner by persons qualified to do so, using procedures generally accepted by the profession to yield accurate and reliable results.”
The FTC has increased its review of the use of the type of testimonials that may be used to market our products. The FTC requires competent and reliable evidence substantiating claims and testimonials at the time that such claims of health benefit are first made. The failure to have this evidence when product claims are first made violates the Federal Trade Commission Act. Although the FTC has never threatened an enforcement action against the Company for the advertising of its products, there can be no assurance that the FTC will not question the advertising for our products in the future.
We believe we are currently in compliance with all applicable government regulations. We cannot predict what new legislation or regulations governing our operations will be enacted by legislative bodies or promulgated by agencies that regulate its activities. The FDA is expected to increase its enforcement activity against dietary supplements that it considers to be in violation of FFD&CA. In particular, the FDA is increasing its enforcement of DSHEA provisions. Those activities will be enhanced by the appropriation for increased FDA budgets for dietary supplement regulation enforcement.
We believe we may become subject to additional laws or regulations administered by the FDA or other federal, state, or foreign regulatory authorities. We also believe the laws or regulations which are considered favorable may be repealed, or more stringent interpretations of current laws or regulations may be implemented. Any or all of such requirements could be a burden to us. Future regulations could require us to:
● change the way we conduct business;
● use expanded or different labeling;
● recall, reformulate or discontinue certain products;
● keep additional records;
● increase the available documentation of the properties of its products; and/or
● increase the scientific proof of product ingredients, safety, and/or usefulness.
Competition
The business of manufacturing, distributing and marketing vitamins and nutritional supplements is highly competitive. Many of our competitors are substantially larger and have greater financial resources with which to manufacture and market their products. In particular, the retail segment is highly competitive. Many direct marketers not only focus on selling their own branded products, but offer national brands at discounts as well. Many competitors have established brand names recognizable to consumers. In addition, major pharmaceutical companies offer nationally advertised multivitamin products.
Many of our competitors in the retailing segment have the financial resources to advertise freely, to promote sales and to produce sophisticated catalogs and websites. In many cases, such competitors are able to offer price incentives for retail purchasers and to offer participation in frequent buyers programs. Some retail competitors also manufacture their own products whereby they have the ability and financial incentive to sell their own product.
We intend to compete by stressing the quality of our manufactured products, providing prompt service, competitive pricing of products in our marketing segment and by focusing on niche products in international retail markets.
Research and Development Activities
We do not conduct any significant research and development activities.
Environmental Compliance
We are subject to regulation under Federal, state and local environmental laws. While we believe we are in material compliance with applicable environmental laws, continued compliance may require substantial capital expenditures. We have not incurred any major costs for any environmental compliance during the years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.
Employees
As of September 15, 2023, we had approximately 141 full time employees, including 106 who are members of the local unit of the Teamsters Union and are covered by a collective bargaining agreement which expires on August 31, 2027. The remaining 35 employees, not covered by a collective bargaining agreement, consist of approximately 15 administrative and professional personnel, 12 laboratory and quality assurance personnel, 3 sales and marketing personnel and 5 production and shipping personnel. We consider our relations with our employees to be good.
In December 2022, we entered into an agreement with a Professional Employer Organization (“PEO”) and terminated our agreement with the previous PEO. The PEO agreements established a three-way relationship between our non-union employees, the PEO and us. We and the PEO are co-employers of our non-union employees. The PEO has taken responsibility for our Human Resources administration and compliance, which allows us to continue to exercise control over our business while accessing quality employee benefits. We have been using PEOs since January 2007.
Available Information
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. These filings are available to the public via the Internet at the SEC's website located at http://www.sec.gov.
Our website is located at ir.ibiopharma.com. You may request a copy of our filings with the SEC (excluding exhibits) at no cost by writing or telephoning us at the following address or telephone number:
Integrated BioPharma, Inc.
225 Long Avenue, Bldg. 15
Hillside, New Jersey 07205
Attn: Investor Relations
Tel: 888-319-6962

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Please carefully consider the following risk factors which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows. The risk factors described below are not the only ones we face. Risks and uncertainties not known to us currently, or that we currently deem immaterial, also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.
Our revenue could decline significantly if we lose one or more of our most significant customers, which could have a significant adverse impact on us.
A significant portion of our revenues are concentrated among four customers, Life Extension, Herbalife (customers in our Contract Manufacturing Segment), and Thermosource Tooling and Manufacturing and Hotpack Global, Inc. (customers of our Other Nutraceutical Businesses Segment). In the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, approximately 89% and 90% of our consolidated net sales, respectively, were derived from the two major customers in our Contract Manufacturing Segment. The loss of any of these customers could have a significant adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
Supply chain disruptions resulting from geo-political events could have an impact on our financial results and ability to timely ship products to our customers.
These issues first arose as result of the COVID-19 pandemic and other geo-political events. Transportation, in general, continues to be an issue in the delay of receiving raw materials and our ability to meet promised delivery dates to our customers in the Contract Manufacturing Segment.
While we haven’t, to date, seen a significant negative impact in our margins resulting from the geo-political events, we are experiencing a slight negative impact on our margins due to inflation and tightened labor markets.
During the first quarter of calendar 2022, the war in Ukraine affected our customer’s business operations in Ukraine and Russia, resulting in the cancelation of some future orders. The war resulted in the imposition of sanctions by the United States, the United Kingdom and the European Union that affect the cross-border operations of businesses operating in Russia. In addition, many multinational companies ceased or suspended their operations in Russia. Therefore, the ability to continue operations in Russia by our customers is uncertain. Also, there may be a shortage of Sunflower Oil products in the near future and this may cause delays in production of certain raw materials and may require reformulation of products.
We have indebtedness, which may decrease our flexibility, increase our borrowing costs and adversely affect our liquidity.
We currently have $11.6 million in senior secured financing (the “Senior Credit Facility”) available under the Loan Agreement, dated as of June 27, 2012 and as amended on May 15, 2019 (the "Amended Loan Agreement"), by and among the Company, MDC, AgroLabs, IHT Health Products, Inc., IHT Properties Corp. (“IHT Properties”), and Vitamin Factory (collectively, the “Borrowers”) and PNC Bank, National Association ("PNC") and $2,623 in operating lease obligations. As of June 30, 2023, we have no amounts outstanding with PNC under the Senior Credit Facility.
Our level of indebtedness can have important consequences. For example, it may require a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations for the payment of principal of, and interest on, our indebtedness and reduce our ability to use our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures and general corporate requirements or to pay dividends; and limit our flexibility to adjust to changing business and market conditions and make us more vulnerable to a downturn in general economic conditions as compared to our competitors.
There are various financial covenants and other restrictions in the Senior Credit Facility. If we fail to comply with any of these requirements, any related indebtedness (and other unrelated indebtedness) could become due and payable prior to its stated maturity. A default under the Senior Credit Facility may also significantly affect our ability to obtain additional or alternative financing. For example, PNC's ongoing obligation to extend credit under the Amended Loan Agreement is dependent upon our compliance with these covenants and restrictions.
To the extent we draw down additional funds under the Senior Credit Facility, our ability to make scheduled payments or to refinance our obligations with respect to indebtedness will depend on our operating and financial performance, which, in turn, is subject to prevailing economic conditions and to financial, business and other factors beyond our control. Our inability to refinance our indebtedness when necessary or to do so upon attractive terms would materially and adversely affect our liquidity and our ongoing results of operations.
Complying with new and existing government regulation, both in the U.S. and abroad, could increase our costs significantly and adversely affect our financial results.
The processing, formulation, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, advertising, distribution and sale of our products are subject to regulation by several U.S. federal agencies, including the FDA, the FTC, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, the Department of Agriculture and the EPA, as well as various state, local and international laws and agencies of the localities in which our products are sold. Government regulations may prevent or delay the introduction, or require the reformulation, of our products. Some agencies, such as the FDA or state agencies, could require us to remove a particular product from the market, delay or prevent the import of raw materials for the manufacture of our products, or otherwise disrupt the marketing of our products. Any such government actions would result in additional costs to us, including lost revenues from any additional products that we are required to remove from the market, which additional costs could be material. Any such government actions also could lead to liability, substantial costs and reduced growth prospects. Moreover, there can be no assurance that new laws or regulations imposing more stringent regulatory requirements on the dietary supplement industry will not be enacted or issued. In addition, complying with adverse event reporting requirements imposes additional costs on us, which costs could become significant in the event more demanding reporting requirements are put into place.
Additional or more stringent regulations of dietary supplements and other products have been considered from time to time. These developments could require reformulation of certain products to meet new standards, recalls or discontinuance of certain products that cannot be reformulated, additional record-keeping requirements, increased documentation of the properties of certain products, additional or different labeling, additional scientific substantiation, adverse event reporting or other new requirements. These developments also could increase our costs significantly. For example, the FDA issued rules which became effective in 2008 that imposed substantial new regulatory requirements for dietary supplements, including GMPs. Congress also passed legislation requiring adverse event reporting and related record keeping which imposed additional costs on us. See Item 1. "Description of Business-Government Regulations" for additional information.
We may be exposed to or the target of legal proceedings initiated by regulators or third parties either in the United States or abroad which could increase our costs and adversely affect our reputation, revenues and operating income.
In the United States and abroad, non-compliance with relevant legislation can result in regulators bringing administrative or, in some cases, criminal proceedings. As manufacturers of nutraceutical products, our products are regulated by various governments and it is common for regulators to prosecute retailers and manufacturers for non-compliance with legislation governing foodstuffs and medicines. Failures by us or our subsidiaries to comply with applicable legislation could occur from time to time and prosecution for any such violations could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Additionally, we are subject, from time to time, to claims by third parties under various legal theories. The defense of such claims, or any adverse outcome relating to any such claims, could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition and cash flows.
We depend on our senior management, the loss of whom would have an adverse effect on us.
We presently are dependent upon the executive abilities of our Co-Chief Executive Officers, Christina Kay and Riva Sheppard, our Chief Financial Officer, Dina L. Masi and the Vice President of Operations for Manhattan Drug Company, Inc. Mireille Antinozzi. Our business and operations to date chiefly have been implemented under the direction of these individuals, who presently are, and in the future will be, responsible for the implementation of our anticipated plans and programs. The loss or unavailability of the services of one or more of our principal executives would have an adverse effect on us. We may encounter difficulty in our ability to recruit and ultimately hire any replacement or additional executive officers having similar background, experience and qualifications as those of our current executive officers.
We could be the target of a cybersecurity breach which could have an adverse effect on us.
A cybersecurity breach could result in the loss or theft of investor data or funds, the inability to access electronic systems, loss or theft of proprietary information or corporate data, disruption of our operations, physical damage to a computer or network system, or costs associated with system repairs. Such incidents could cause the Company to incur regulatory penalties, reputational damage, remediation costs, litigation costs, additional compliance costs, or financial loss. Intentional cybersecurity breaches include: unauthorized access to systems, networks, or devices (such as through “hacking” activity); infection from computer viruses or other malicious software code; and attacks that shut down, disable, slow, or otherwise disrupt operations, business processes, or website access or functionality. In addition, unintentional incidents can occur, such as the inadvertent release of confidential information (possibly resulting in the violation of applicable privacy laws.
There is no assurance that we will remain quoted or listed on an active trading market.
As of January 22, 2022, the Company’s common stock was upgraded to the OTCQX® Best Market of the OTC Markets Group, Inc. and commenced quotation under the symbol “INBP.” In order to maintain quotation on the OTCQX, the Company will be required to comply with certain minimum qualitative and quantitative requirements, including with respect to corporate governance. There can be no assurances that the Company will be able to comply with these qualitative and quantitative requirements for continued quotation of its common stock on the OTCQX. If the Company doesn’t maintain compliance with the OTCQX rules, the Company’s common stock may resume listing on the OTCQB and holders of the Company’s common stock may find it more difficult to sell their shares.
From September 23, 2009 until January 21, 2022, our common stock was quoted on the OTQB. From February 27, 2009 through September 22, 2009, our common stock was quoted on the Pink Sheets. Prior to February 27, 2009, our common stock was listed on the NASDAQ Global Market, and there can be no assurance that we will, in the future, be able to meet all the requirements for reinstatement on that or any other national securities exchange. The delisting of our common stock from the NASDAQ Global Market has adversely affected, and may in the future continue to adversely affect, the liquidity and trading of our common stock.
We have entered into several transactions with entities controlled by some of our officers and directors, which could pose a conflict of interest.
We have several agreements and arrangements, described in our previous SEC filings and to be described in our proxy statement for our 2023 annual meeting of stockholders, including the lease of real property from Vitamin Realty Associates, L.L.C. (“Vitamin Realty”), the sale of our financial debt securities, and issuance of our common stock, which involved transactions with entities owned, in whole or in part, by the Estate of the former Executive Chairman and our Co-Chief Executive Officers and other of our significant shareholders and/or directors, who collectively own a majority of our shares of common stock. Although we believe that these transactions were advantageous to us and were on terms no less favorable to us than could have been obtained from unaffiliated third parties, transactions with related parties can potentially pose a conflict of interest.
Our Executive Officers and Directors have majority voting power and may take actions that may not be in the best interest of other stockholders, but in their own interest.
Collectively, our Executive Officers, Directors and two other significant stockholders, beneficially own approximately 72% of our outstanding shares of common stock as of September 15, 2023. If these stockholders act together, they would be able to exert significant control over our management and affairs since significant corporate transactions require stockholder approval. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control and might adversely affect the market price of our common stock. This concentration of ownership may not be in the best interests of all our stockholders.
We have a staggered Board of Directors, which could impede an attempt to acquire the Company or remove our management.
Our Board of Directors is divided into three classes, each of which serves for a staggered term of three years. This division of our Board of Directors could have the effect of impeding an attempt to take over our company or change or remove management, since only one class will be elected annually. Thus, only approximately one-third of the existing Board of Directors could be replaced at any election of directors.
Our product liability insurance may be insufficient to cover possible claims against us.
Our company, like other manufacturers, wholesalers and distributors of vitamin and nutritional supplement products, faces an inherent risk of exposure to product liability claims if, among other things, the use or ingestion of our products, results in sickness or injury. We currently maintain a product liability insurance policy that provides a total of $5.0 million of coverage per occurrence and $5.0 million of coverage in the aggregate. However, there can be no assurance that existing or future insurance coverage will be sufficient to cover any possible product liability risks or that such insurance will continue to be available to us on economically feasible terms.
Our nutraceutical products are manufactured using various raw materials consisting of vitamins, minerals, herbs, fruit extracts and other ingredients that we regard as safe when taken as recommended by us and that various scientific studies have suggested may provide health benefits. We could be adversely affected if any of our products or any similar products distributed by other companies should prove or be asserted to be harmful to consumers or should scientific studies provide unfavorable findings regarding the effectiveness of our products.
We may not be able to obtain raw materials used in certain of our manufactured products.
The principal raw materials used in the manufacturing process in the Company’s nutraceutical business are natural and synthetic vitamins, minerals, herbs, related nutritional supplements, vegetable and gelatin capsules, coating materials, fruit extracts, fruit juices and the necessary components for packaging the finished products. The raw materials are available from numerous sources within the United States and abroad. The vegetable and gelatin capsules, coating materials and packaging materials are similarly widely available. We generally purchase our raw materials, on a purchase order basis, without long-term commitments.
We have one principal supplier for our Other Nutraceutical Businesses Segment, DSM Nutritional Products LLC and several suppliers in our Contract Manufacturing Segment. If we are unable to maintain our relationships with our suppliers, we may not be able to find alternate sourcing of our raw materials or at the same pricing that we receive from our current suppliers and/or quickly enough to make timely shipments to our customers. This could decrease our sales and/or increase our cost of sales.
Current economic conditions may cause a decline in business and consumer spending which could adversely affect our business and financial performance.
Our operating results are impacted by the health of the North American economies. Our business and financial performance, including collection of our accounts receivable, recoverability of assets including investments, may be adversely affected by current and future economic conditions, such as a reduction in the availability of credit, financial market volatility, recession, etc. Additionally, we may experience difficulties in scaling our operations to react to economic pressures in the United States.
We may incur significant professional service fees and other control costs that impact our financial condition.
As a publicly traded corporation, we incur certain costs to comply with regulatory requirements. If regulatory requirements were to become more stringent or if controls thought to be effective later fail, we may be forced to make additional expenditures, the amounts of which could be material. Some of our competitors are privately owned so their accounting and control costs can be a competitive disadvantage for us. Should our sales decline or if we are unsuccessful at increasing prices to cover higher expenditures for internal controls, audits, consultants and legal, our costs associated with regulatory compliance will rise as a percentage of sales.
Other issues and uncertainties may include:
● New accounting pronouncements or changes in accounting policies; and
● Legislation or other governmental action that detrimentally impacts our expenses or reduces sales by adversely affecting our customers.
If we discover material weaknesses and other deficiencies in our internal control and accounting procedures, our stock price could decline significantly and raising capital could be more difficult.
If we fail to comply with the rules under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, related to disclosure controls and procedures, or if we discover material weaknesses and other deficiencies in our internal control and accounting procedures, our stock price could decline significantly and raising capital could be more difficult. Moreover, effective internal controls are necessary for us to produce reliable financial reports and are important in helping prevent financial fraud. If we cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, our business and operating results could be harmed, investors could lose confidence in our reported financial information, and the trading price of our common stock could drop significantly. While we have not identified any material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, we cannot be certain that material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal controls will not be discovered in the future.
We have not paid dividends on our common stock in the past and do not expect to pay dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future. Any return on investment may be limited to the value of our common stock.
We have never paid any cash dividends on our common stock. We expect that any income received from operations will be devoted to our future operations and growth. We do not expect to pay cash dividends on our common stock in the near future. Payment of dividends would depend upon our profitability at the time, cash available for those dividends, and other factors that our board of directors may consider relevant. If we do not pay dividends, our common stock may be less valuable because a return on an investor’s investment will only occur if our stock price appreciates. Investors in our common stock should not rely on an investment in our company if they require dividend income.
A sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock may cause the price of our common stock to decline and may impair our ability to raise capital in the future.
Our common stock is quoted on the OTCQX® Best Market and could be considered “thinly-traded,” meaning that the number of investors interested in purchasing our common stock at or near bid prices at any given time may be relatively small or non-existent. Finance transactions resulting in a large amount of newly issued shares that become readily tradable, or other events that cause current stockholders to sell shares, could place downward pressure on the trading price of our common stock. In addition, the lack of a robust resale market may require a stockholder who desires to sell a large number of shares of common stock to sell the shares in increments over time to mitigate any adverse impact of the sales on the market price of our stock.
If our stockholders sell, or the market perceives that our stockholders may sell for various reasons, including the ending of restriction on resale, substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, including shares issued upon the exercise of outstanding options or warrants, the market price of our common stock could fall. Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock may make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and price that we deem reasonable or appropriate.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Not applicable.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Item 2. Properties
Warehouse and office facilities are leased from Vitamin Realty, which is 100% owned by the estate of our former Executive Chairman of the Board, President and major stockholder of the Company and our Co-Chief Executive Officers who are also directors of the Company. On January 5, 2012, MDC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a second amendment of the lease (the “Second Lease Amendment”) with Vitamin Realty for its office and warehouse space in Hillside, New Jersey increasing its rentable square footage from an aggregate of 74,898 square feet to 76,161 square feet and extending the expiration date to January 31, 2026. On July 15, 2022, MDC entered into a third amendment of the lease (the “Third Lease Amendment”) with Vitamin Realty, increasing its rentable square footage to 116,175. This Third Lease Amendment provides for minimum annual rental payments of $842, plus increases in real estate taxes and the building operating expenses allocation percentage and was effective as of July 1, 2022.
We also own a 40,000 square foot manufacturing facility in Hillside, New Jersey. The space is utilized for MDC’s tablet and capsule manufacturing operations.
In December 2022, MDC Warehousing and Distribution, Inc. entered into a lease agreement for 12,500 square feet of warehouse space in Elizabeth, New Jersey. This lease provides for minimum annual rent payments starting at $134 in year one, with a gradual increase to $150 by year 5. The lease expiration date is November 30, 2027.
On October 22, 2014, AgroLabs entered into a lease agreement for an office suite located in Miami, Florida. On December 18, 2022, AgroLabs renewed this lease with minimum annual payments of approximately $10. This renewed lease will expire in February 2024.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business. We are currently not aware of any such legal proceedings or claims that we believe will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosure
Not Applicable
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Market Information
Effective January 22, 2021, our common stock was upgraded to the OTCQX® Best Market of the OTC Markets Group, Inc. and commenced quotation under the symbol “INBP” on the OTCQX® Best Market. Prior to January 22, 2021, our common stock was quoted on the OTCQB under the symbol INBP.
Set forth below are the high and low bid quotation of the Company’s common stock as quoted on the OTCQX® Best Market, for each of the fiscal quarters in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. Such quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.
COMMON STOCK
HIGH
LOW
FISCAL YEAR ENDED June 30, 2022
First Quarter
$ 1.150
$ 0.900
Second Quarter
$ 1.090
$ 0.880
Third Quarter
$ 1.020
$ 0.750
Fourth Quarter
$ 0.800
$ 0.410
FISCAL YEAR ENDED June 30, 2023
First Quarter
$ 0.5500
$ 0.4300
Second Quarter
$ 0.4400
$ 0.3502
Third Quarter
$ 0.3800
$ 0.2605
Fourth Quarter
$ 0.3720
$ 0.2200
July 1, 2023 to September 8, 2023
$ 0.3325
$ 0.2600
Holders
As of September 15, 2023, there were approximately 71 holders of record of the Company’s common stock. This number does not include beneficial owners holding shares through nominee names.
Dividends
We have not declared or paid a dividend with respect to our common stock during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, nor do we anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future.
Equity Compensation Plans
The following table provides information, as of June 30, 2023, about the Company's equity compensation plans:
Equity Compensation Plan Information
Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights
Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights
Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities
(a)
(b)
reflected in column (a))
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
4,376,284
$ 0.35
6,874,718
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
-
-
-
Totals
4,376,284
$ 0.35
6,874,718
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
None.
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
During the quarter ended June 30, 2023, neither we nor any “affiliated purchaser,” as that term is defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Exchange Act, purchased any of our common stock or other securities.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Item 6. [Reserved]

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (dollars in thousands).
Certain statements set forth under this caption constitute “forward-looking statements.” See “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” on page 3 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional factors relating to such statements.
The Company is engaged primarily in the business of manufacturing, distributing, marketing and sale of vitamins, nutritional supplements and herbal products. The Company’s customers are located primarily throughout the United States and Luxembourg.
Our financial results are substantially dependent on net sales. Net sales are partly dependent on the mix of contract manufactured products and other nutraceutical sales, which are difficult to forecast. Factors that could cause demand to be different from our expectations include: customer acceptance of our pricing and our competitors’ pricing; changes in customer order patterns; changes in the level of customer inventory; and changes in business and economic conditions, including conditions in the credit market that could affect consumer confidence and result in lower than expected demand for our manufactured products and to a lesser extent, our other nutraceutical business products and services.
We believe that we have established and developed business relationships, facilities, personnel, product offerings, and competitive and financial resources in place for business success; however, future revenue, costs, gross margins, and profits are all influenced by a number of factors, including those discussed above, all of which are inherently difficult to forecast. Except as otherwise noted, all dollar amounts below are “in thousands”.
In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, our net sales from operations decreased by $5,574 to approximately $50,672 from approximately $56,246 in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. Our net sales in the Contract Manufacturing Segment decreased by $5,814 and net sales in our Other Nutraceuticals Segment increased by $240. Net sales decreased in our Contract Manufacturing Segment primarily due to decreased sales volumes to Life Extension and Herbalife, our two significant customers, in the amount of $2,571 and $2,708, respectively. In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, our gross profit decreased by approximately $2,491 to $4,061 from approximately $6,552 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. Our profit margins decreased by 3.7% in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, from 11.7% in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 to 8.0% in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, primarily as a result of the decreased sales volume in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. We had consolidated selling and administrative expenses of approximately $3,941 and $3,807 in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase in the consolidated selling and administrative expenses of $134, or approximately 3.5%, was primarily from the increase professional and consulting fees of $71 and office rent of $55. We had additional legal fees of $23, auditing fees of $20 and all other consulting of $28 in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. The increase in office rent was from the allocation of office space from the Third Lease Amendment with Vitamin Realty. In the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we had operating income of approximately $120 and $2,745, respectively.
Our revenue from our two significant customers in our Contract Manufacturing Segment is dependent on their demand within their respective distribution channels for the products we manufacture for them. As in any competitive market, our ability to match or beat other contract manufacturers pricing for the same items may also alter our outlook and the ability to maintain or increase revenues. We will continue to focus on our core businesses and push forward in maintaining our cost structure in line with our sales and expanding our customer base.
We are currently experiencing negative impacts on our margins due to inflation and tightened labor markets. We may not be able to timely increase our selling prices to our customers resulting from price increases from our suppliers due to various economic factors, including inflation, labor and shipping costs and our own increases in shipping, labor and other operating costs. Our results of operations may also be affected by economic conditions, including inflationary pressures, that can impact consumer disposable income levels and spending habits, thereby reducing the orders we may receive from our significant customers.
We continue to experience minimal supply chain disruptions relating to fuel refinery and transportation issues as it pertains to shipping. These issues first arose as result of the COVID-19 pandemic and other geo-political events.
During the first quarter of calendar 2022, the war in Ukraine affected our customer’s business operations in Ukraine and Russia, resulting in the cancelation of some future orders. The war resulted in the imposition of sanctions by the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Union, that affect the cross-border operations of businesses operating in Russia. In addition, many multinational companies ceased or suspended their operations in Russia. Therefore, the ability to continue operations in Russia by our customers remains uncertain.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The most significant estimates include:
● sales returns and allowances;
● allowance for doubtful accounts;
● inventory valuation;
● valuation and recoverability of long-lived assets;
● income taxes and valuation allowances on deferred income taxes; and
● accruals for, and the probability of, the outcome of current litigation, if any.
On a continual basis, management reviews its estimates utilizing currently available information, changes in facts and circumstances, historical experience and reasonable assumptions. After such reviews, and if deemed appropriate, those estimates are adjusted accordingly. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Allowances for Doubtful Accounts and Sales Returns
Our management makes judgments as to its ability to collect outstanding receivables and provides allowances for the portion of receivables for which collection becomes doubtful. Provisions are made based upon a specific review of all significant outstanding amounts. We continuously monitor payments from our customers and maintain allowances for estimated losses for doubtful accounts in the period they become known.
If the historical data we use to calculate the allowance provided for doubtful accounts does not reflect the future ability to collect outstanding receivables, additional provisions for doubtful accounts may be needed and the future results of operations could be materially affected. In recording any additional allowances, a respective charge against income is reflected in the general and administrative expenses; and would reduce the operating results in the period in which the increase is recorded.
Our return policy in our contract manufacturing business is to only accept returns for defective products. If defective products are returned, our agreement with our customers is to cure the defect and re-ship the product. Based on this policy, when the product is shipped we make an estimate of any potential returns or allowances. With respect to our branded proprietary nutraceutical products, our return policy is also to accept returns for defective products and re-ship replacement items for the damaged product. In most instances, the damaged goods are a small portion of the overall order and we instruct our customer to dispose of the damaged product and we issue them a credit for the dollar amount of the damaged goods plus any cost of disposal. We also estimate and make allowances at the time of shipment.
Inventory Valuation
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, which reflects management’s estimates of net realizable value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method. As a result of our inventory being manufactured primarily on a purchase order basis, the quantity of both raw materials and finished goods inventory provides for minimal risk of potential overstock or obsolescence.
Mail and Internet order inventory is expiration date sensitive. Accordingly, we review this inventory, consider sales levels (by SKU), term to expiration date, potential for retesting to extend expiration date, and evaluate potential for obsolescence or overstock.
Long Lived Assets
We record impairment losses on long lived assets when events and circumstances indicate that such assets might be impaired and the estimated fair value of any such asset is less than its recorded amount. The Company reviews the value of its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable or that the useful lives of these assets are no longer appropriate. Conditions that would necessitate an impairment assessment include material adverse changes in operations, significant adverse differences in actual results in comparison with initial valuation forecasts prepared at the time of acquisition, a decision to abandon certain acquired products, services, or marketplaces, or other significant adverse changes that would indicate the carrying amount of the recorded asset might not be recoverable. Tests for impairment or recoverability are performed at least annually and require significant management judgment and the use of estimates which the Company believes are reasonable and appropriate at the time of the impairment test. The Company also re-evaluates the periods of amortization to determine whether circumstances warrant revised estimates of current useful lives. No impairment losses were identified in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 or 2022.
Income Taxes
The Company records deferred tax assets and liabilities for the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between tax bases of assets and liabilities and amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, as well as operating losses and tax credit carry-forwards. The Company measures deferred tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates expected to be applied to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The Company reduces deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance if, based on available evidence, it is more likely than not that these benefits will not be realized.
The Company uses a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities.
General Litigation
From time to time, the Company is a defendant or plaintiff in various legal actions which arise in the normal course of business. As such, the Company is required to assess the likelihood of any adverse outcomes to these matters as well as potential ranges of probable losses. A determination of the amount of the provision required for these commitments and contingencies, if any, which would be charged to earnings, is made after careful analysis of each matter. The provision may change in the future due to new developments or changes in circumstances. Changes in the provision could increase or decrease the Company’s earnings in the period the changes are made. In the opinion of management, after consultation with legal counsel, the ultimate resolution of these matters cannot be determined at this time as to the whether there could be material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes product sales revenue, the prices of which are fixed and determinable, when title and risk of loss have transferred to the customer, when estimated provisions for product returns, rebates, charge-backs and other sales allowances are reasonably determinable, and when collectability is reasonably assured. Accruals for these items are presented in the consolidated financial statements as reductions to sales. The Company’s net sales represent gross sales invoiced to customers, less certain related charges for discounts, returns, rebates, charge-backs and other allowances. Cost of sales includes the cost of raw materials and all labor and overhead associated with the manufacturing and packaging of the products. Gross margins are affected by, among other things, changes in the relative sales mix among our products and valuation and/or charge off of slow moving, expired or obsolete inventories. To perform revenue recognition for arrangements within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps:
●
identification of the promised goods or services in the contract;
●
determination of whether the promised goods or serves are performance obligations including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract;
●
measurement of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration;
●
allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations based on estimated selling prices; and
●
recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies each performance obligation. A performance obligation is a promise to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer and is the unit of account in ASC 606.
Results of Operations (in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
The following table sets forth the income statement data of the Company as a percentage of net sales for the periods indicated:
For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30,
Sales, net
100.0 %
100.0 %
Costs and expenses:
Cost of sales
92.0 %
88.3 %
Selling and administrative
7.8 %
5.8 %
Total costs and expenses
99.8 %
95.1 %
Income from operations
0.2 %
4.9 %
Other income (expense), net:
Interest expense
(0.2 %)
(0.3 %)
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment in iBio, Inc.
0.1 %
(0.1 %)
Realized loss on sale of iBio, Inc. common stock
(0.1 %)
- %
Other income (expense), net
0.1 %
0.1 %
Total other income (expense), net
(0.1 %)
(0.3 %)
Income before income taxes
0.2 %
4.6 %
Federal and state income tax (expense) benefit, net
(0.3 %)
2.2 %
Net (loss) income
(0.1 %)
6.8 %
Year ended June 30, 2023 Compared to the Year ended June 30, 2022
Sales, net. Net sales for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 were $50,672 and $56,246, respectively, a decrease of $5,574 or 9.9%. The decrease is comprised of the following:
Fiscal Year Ended
Dollar Increase
Percentage
June 30,
(Decrease)
Change
2023 vs 2022
2023 vs 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Contract Manufacturing:
US Customers
$ 40,230
$ 44,450
$ (4,220 )
(9.5 %)
International Customers
8,047
9,641
(1,594 )
(16.5 )%
Net sales, Contract Manufacturing
48,277
54,091
(5,814 )
(10.7 %)
Other Nutraceuticals:
US Customers
2,387
2,067
15.5 %
International Customers
(80 )
(90.9 %)
Net sales, Other Nutraceuticals
2,395
2,155
11.1 %
Total net sales
$ 50,672
$ 56,246
$ (5,574 )
(9.9 %)
In the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, a significant portion of our consolidated net sales, approximately 89% and 90%, respectively, were concentrated among two customers, Life Extension and Herbalife, customers in our Contract Manufacturing Segment. Life Extension and Herbalife represented approximately 70% and 24% and 67% and 26%, respectively, of our Contract Manufacturing Segment’s net sales in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Three other customers, Thermosource Tooling and Manufacturing, Hotpack Global, Inc. and ThermoFisher Scientific, (customers of our Other Nutraceutical Businesses Segment), while not significant customers of our consolidated net sales, represented 56%, 16% and 9% and 40%, 1% and 19%, respectively, of the Other Nutraceutical Businesses net sales in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The loss of any of these customers could have a significant adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
The decrease in net sales of approximately $5,574 was primarily the result of decreased net sales in our Contract Manufacturing Segment by approximately $5,814 which was primarily due to decreased sales volumes to each of our major customers, Life Extension and Herbalife, in the amounts of $2,571 and $2,708, respectively, in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, compared to the comparable prior year. Net sales increased by $240 in the Other Nutraceuticals Segment primarily as a result of increased sales of $849 in MDC Warehousing and Distribution, Inc., offset by decreases in Chem and IHT of $491 and $118, respectively.
Cost of sales. Cost of sales decreased by $3,083 to $46,611 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, as compared to $49,694 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, a decrease of approximately 6.2%. Cost of sales as a percentage of sales was approximately 92% and 88% for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The decrease in the cost of goods sold amount is consistent and expected with the decrease in net sales. The increase in the cost of goods sold as a percentage of net sales and the resulting decrease in gross profit, was primarily the result of the decreased net sales and the increased costs of raw materials and freight charges that were not timely passed on to our customers.
Selling and Administrative Expenses. There was an increase in selling and administrative expenses of $134 or approximately 3.5% in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. As a percentage of sales, net, selling and administrative expenses were approximately 7.8% and 6.8% for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase was primarily from the increase professional and consulting fees of $71 and office rent of $55. We had additional legal fees of $23, auditing fees of $20 and all other consulting of $28 in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. The increase in office rent was from the allocation of office space from the Third Lease Amendment with Vitamin Realty. All other selling and administrative expenses had a net increase of $8, no other individual expense component changed by more the $40.
Other income (expense), net. Other income (expense), net was approximately $(20) for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 compared to $(148) for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, and is composed of:
Fiscal Year Ended
June 30,
(dollars in thousands)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense
$ (52 )
$ (128 )
Realized loss on sale of investment
(35 )
-
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment
(55 )
Other income (expense), net
Total Other income (expense), net
$ (20 )
$ (148 )
Our interest expense in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 decreased by $76 from the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, primarily resulting from lower average daily balances outstanding under the Senior Credit Facility with PNC in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.
In the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023, we sold we sold our remaining iBio Stock, for a loss of $35 with no such sales in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. Also, in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we had an unrealized gain of approximately $27 and an unrealized loss of $55, respectively, on the remaining iBio Stock.
In the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we had other income of $0 and $13, respectively from providing back office and operational support for unrelated entities that sell consumer products through retail and internet-based outlets. The balance of other income (expense), net was primarily from interest income of $39 and $1 from gain on the disposition of property and equipment in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 compared to $22 from gains on the disposition of property and equipment in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022.
Federal and state income tax, net. In the fiscal years ended June 30, 2022, we released the valuation reserves for the deferred tax assets related to our federal net operating losses in the amount of $2,118. Management determined that the amount of the release was more likely than not to be realized by the Company. In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we had current federal income taxes of $110 and $600 and deferred income tax benefits of $55 and $2,106, respectively and current state tax expense of approximately $161 and $289, respectively and deferred state tax expense of $18 in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 and a deferred state tax benefit in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022.
We continue to maintain a reserve on a portion of our deferred tax assets as it has been determined that it is “more likely than not” that the Company’s deferred tax assets, other than federal net operating losses, may not be fully realized.
The decrease in the state tax expense from 2022 to 2023 was the result of decreased taxable income for the combined group.
Net (loss) income. Our net (loss) income for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was approximately $(34) and $3,838, respectively. The decrease of approximately $3,872 was primarily the result of decreased operating income of $2,625, and net decrease in the income tax (expense) benefit, net in amount $1,375.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the Company’s net cash flows provided by or used in operating, investing and financing activities:
For the fiscal year ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities
$ 1,121
$ 4,091
Net cash used in investing activities
$ (111 )
$ (465 )
Net cash used in financing activities
$ (136 )
$ (3,505 )
Cash at end of year
$ 1,316
$
At June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company had working capital of $11,544 and $11,363, respectively. Our current liabilities decreased by approximately $435 and our current assets decreased by $254 from June 30, 2022 to June 30, 2023. The decrease in current liabilities is primarily from the decrease of $101 in advances under revolving credit and a net decrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities of $722, offset by an increase in operating lease obligations of $388. Our current assets decrease was primarily from a decrease in inventory and accounts receivable of $794 and $377, respectively, offset by the increase in cash of $985.
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities of $1,232 in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 includes a net loss of approximately $34. After excluding the effects of non-cash expenses and income, depreciation and amortization, compensation expense for employee stock options, accretion of financial instruments, changes in deferred tax assets and unrealized gains on investments, the adjusted cash used in operations before the effect of the changes in working capital components was an increase of approximately $1,483. Cash in the amount of approximately $251 from our working capital assets and liabilities was used in our operating activities and was primarily the result of decreases in operating lease obligations of approximately $804 and accounts payable and accrued expenses and other liabilities of $429, offset, by increases in accounts receivable of $156 and inventories of $794.
Net cash provided by operating activities of $4,091 in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 includes net income of approximately $3,838. After excluding the effects of non-cash expenses and income, depreciation and amortization, compensation expense for employee stock options, accretion of financial instruments, changes in deferred tax assets and unrealized gains on investments, the adjusted cash used in operations before the effect of the changes in working capital components was an increase of approximately $3,526. Cash in the amount of approximately $564 from our working capital assets and liabilities was provided from our operating activities and was primarily the result of decreases in accounts receivable of approximately $927 and inventories of $640, offset, by decreases in operating lease obligations of $501 and accounts payable and accrued expenses and other liabilities of $417, and an increase in prepaid expenses and other assets of approximately $84.
Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities was used for the purchase of machinery and equipment for approximately $116 and $486 in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, offset in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 by proceeds (i) received from the sale of fixed assets of $1 and $21, and (ii) from the sale of iBio, Stock of $4 and $0, respectively, a net use of cash of approximately $111 and $465, respectively.
Financing Activities
Cash used in financing activities was approximately $136 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, and was primarily from repayments of net advances under our revolving credit facility of $101 and payments under our financed lease obligation of $35.
Cash used in financing activities was approximately $3,505 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 and consists of net payments under our revolving credit facility of $2,073 and repayments of principal under our term notes in the amount of $1,466 (See Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K), offset by $34 received from the exercise of employee stock options.
As of June 30, 2023, we had cash of approximately $1,316, funds available under our revolving credit facility of approximately $6,269 and working capital of $11,544. We had income from operations of approximately $120 in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 and a net loss of approximately $34. The net loss includes a net federal tax provision of $55 that is a non-cash item due to our Federal net operating loss carryforwards and deferred tax assets offsetting the amounts owed. After taking into consideration our interim results and current projections, management believes that operations, together with the revolving credit facility and equipment financing will support our working capital requirements at least through the twelve-month period ending September 15, 2024.
Our current total annual commitments at June 30, 2023, for long term non-cancelable leases, of approximately $1,030 consists of obligations under operating leases for office and warehouse facilities and operating and finance lease obligations for the use of machinery and office equipment.
Capital Expenditures
The Company's capital expenditures in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 were approximately $116 and $486, respectively. The Company has budgeted approximately $750 for capital expenditures for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2024. The total amount is expected to be funded from cash provided from the Company’s operations and from lease financing.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements.
Impact of Inflation
The Company may not be able to timely increase its selling prices to its customer resulting from price increases from its suppliers due to various economic factors, including inflation, labor and shipping costs and its own increases in shipping, labor and other operating costs. The Company’s results of operations may also be affected by economic conditions, including inflationary pressures, that can impact consumer disposable income levels and spending habits, thereby reducing the orders it may receive from the Company’s significant customers.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
The Company is a smaller reporting company, as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, and is not required to provide the information required under this item.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
For a list of financial statements filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, see the index to consolidated financial statements on page 29.

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Not Applicable

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Co-Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Co-Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officer, the Company has evaluated the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of June 30, 2023, and, based upon this evaluation, the Co-Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that these controls and procedures are effective in providing reasonable assurance of compliance.
Management’s Annual Report On Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining an adequate system of internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company’s principal executive and financial officers and effected by the Company’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
• Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;
• Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and
• Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies and procedures may deteriorate.
The Company’s management, including the Co-Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officer, has conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2023 based on the criteria set forth in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013) (the “COSO Framework”). Based on that evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 30, 2023.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Co-Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officer, the Company has evaluated changes in internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2023 and have concluded that no change has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, internal control over financial reporting.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 9B. Other Information
None.

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance of the Registrant.
Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Item 11. Executive Compensation
Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence
Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a)
Exhibits and Index
(1)
A list of the financial statements filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is set forth in the index to consolidated financial statements on Page 29 and is incorporated herein by reference.
(2) An index of exhibits incorporated by reference or filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K is provided below.
Number
Description
3.1
Certificate of Incorporation of Integrated BioPharma, Inc., as amended (7)
3.2
Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Integrated BioPharma, Inc. (7)
3.3
By-Laws of Registrant (5)
4.1
Certificate of Designation of Series and Determination of Rights and Preferences of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of Integrated BioPharma, Inc. dated June 25, 2003 (1)
4.2
Certificate of Designation of Series C and Determination of Rights and Preferences of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock of Integrated BioPharma, Inc. dated February 21, 2008 (6)
10.1
Lease Agreement between the Company and Vitamin Realty Associates, dated January 10, 1997 (2)
10.1.1
Second Amendment of Lease, dated as of January 5, 2012, between Vitamin Realty Associates, L.L.C. and InB:Manhattan Drug Company, Inc. (9)
10.1.2 Third Amendment of Lease, dated as of July 15, 2022, between Vitamin Realty Associates, L.L.C. and Manhattan Drug Company, Inc. (14)
10.2
Lease Agreement, dated as of January 5, 2012, between Vitamin Realty Associates, L.L.C. and AgroLabs, Inc. (9)
10.2.1
Amendment of Lease Agreement, dated as of May 19, 2014, between Vitamin Realty Associates, L.L.C. and AgroLabs, Inc. (11)
10.2.2 Termination of Lease Agreement, dated as of July 15, 2022, between Vitamin Realty Associates, L.L.C. and AgroLabs, Inc. (14)
10.3
Integrated Health Technologies, Inc. 2001 Stock Option Plan, as amended (8)
10.4
Separation and Distribution Agreement dated November 14, 2007, with our subsidiary INB:Biotechnologies (4)
10.5
Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of June 27, 2012, by and among Integrated BioPharma, Inc., InB:Manhattan Drug Company, Inc., Agrolabs, Inc., IHT Health Products, Inc., IHT Properties Corp. and Vitamin Factory, Inc. and PNC Bank, National Association. (10)
10.5.1
First Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement dated as of February 19, 2016 by and among Integrated BioPharma, Inc., InB: Manhattan Drug Company, Inc., AgroLabs, Inc., IHT Health Products, Inc., IHT Properties Corp. and Vitamin Factory, Inc. and PNC Bank, National Association. (12)
10.5.2
Second Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement dated as of May 15, 2019 by and among Integrated BioPharma, Inc., InB: Manhattan Drug Company, Inc., AgroLabs, Inc., IHT Health Products, Inc., IHT Properties Corp. and Vitamin Factory, Inc. and PNC Bank, National Association. (13)
10.5.3 Fourth Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement dated as of March 16, 2023 by and among Integrated BioPharma, Inc., Manhattan Drug Company, Inc. (successor-by-merger to InB:Manhattan Drug Company, Inc.), Agrolabs, Inc., IHT Health Products, Inc. IHT Properties, Inc. and Vitamin Factory, Inc. and PNC Bank, National Association. (15)
10.6
Term Note, dated as of June 27, 2012, by and among Integrated BioPharma, Inc., InB:Manhattan Drug Company, Inc., Agrolabs, Inc., IHT Health Products, Inc., IHT Properties Corp. and Vitamin Factory, Inc. and PNC Bank, National Association, in the original principal amount of $3,727,000. (10)
10.6.1
Amended and Restated Term Note dated as of February 19, 2016 by and among Integrated BioPharma, Inc., InB: Manhattan Drug Company, Inc., AgroLabs, Inc., IHT Health Products, Inc., IHT Properties Corp. and Vitamin Factory, Inc. and PNC Bank, National Association in the original principal amount of $3,422,160.00. (12)
10.6.2
Second Amended and Restated Term Note dated as of May 15, 2019 by and among Integrated BioPharma, Inc., InB: Manhattan Drug Company, Inc., AgroLabs, Inc., IHT Health Products, Inc., IHT Properties, Inc. and Vitamin Factory, Inc. and PNC Bank, National Association in the original principal amount of $ $3,585,175. (13)
10.7
Revolving Credit Note, dated as of June 27, 2012, by and among Integrated BioPharma, Inc., InB:Manhattan Drug Company, Inc., Agrolabs, Inc., IHT Health Products, Inc., IHT Properties Corp. and Vitamin Factory, Inc. and PNC Bank, National Association, in the original principal amount of $8,000,000. (10)
10.7.1
First Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement dated as of February 19, 2016 by and among Integrated BioPharma, Inc., InB: Manhattan Drug Company, Inc., AgroLabs, Inc., IHT Health Products, Inc., IHT Properties Corp. and Vitamin Factory, Inc. and PNC Bank, National Association. (12)
10.7.2
Second Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement dated as of May 15, 2019 by and among Integrated BioPharma, Inc., InB: Manhattan Drug Company, Inc., AgroLabs, Inc., IHT Health Products, Inc., IHT Properties Corp. and Vitamin Factory, Inc. and PNC Bank, National Association. (13)
10.8
Stock Pledge Agreement, dated as of June 27, 2012, between Integrated BioPharma, Inc. and PNC Bank, National Association. (10)
10.9
Mortgage and Security Agreement, dated as of June 27, 2012, by IHT Properties Corp. in favor of PNC Bank, National Association. (10)
10.10
Environmental Indemnity Agreement, dated as of June 27, 2012, by and among Integrated BioPharma, Inc., InB:Manhattan Drug Company, Inc., Agrolabs, Inc., IHT Health Products, Inc., IHT Properties Corp. and Vitamin Factory, Inc. and PNC Bank, National Association (10)
10.11 Lease Agreement between Elizabeth Industrial Park, LLC c/o Palin Enterprises, and MDC Warehousing and Distribution, Inc. dated November 22, 2022. (16)
Code of Business Ethics (3)
Subsidiaries of the Registrant (17)
23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (17)
23.2 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (17)
31.1
Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (17)
31.2
Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (17)
32.1
Certification by Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (17)
32.2
Certification by Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (17)
The following financial information from Integrated BioPharma, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, formatted in XBRL (extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Statements of Operations for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, (ii) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2023 and 2022, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 , (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, and (v) the Notes to Consolidated Statements. (17)
Cover Page Interactive Date File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
__________________________
(1)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2003, filed with the SEC on September 29, 2003.
(2)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1997, filed with the SEC on September 29, 1997.
(3)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 12, 2022.
(4)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 19, 2007.
(5)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 14, 2008.
(6)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 22, 2008.
(7)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 12, 2008 and to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2003 filed with the SEC on September 29, 2003.
(8)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement on Form DEF 14A, as revised, filed with the SEC on October 28, 2009.
(9)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 filed with the SEC on May 21, 2012.
(10)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 29, 2012.
(11)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014, filed with the SEC on September 8, 2014.
(12)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on February 19, 2016.
(13)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on May 15, 2019.
(14)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 filed with the SEC on September 13, 2022.
(15)
Incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023 filed with the SEC on May 11, 2023.
(16) Incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 filed with the SEC on February 10, 2023.
(17)
Filed herewith.