EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 912093
Filing Year: 2021
Filename: 912093_10-K_2021_0000912093-21-000128.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
GENERAL
Overview
Viavi Solutions Inc. (VIAVI, also referred to as the Company, we, our, and us) is a global provider of network test, monitoring and assurance solutions for communications service providers (CSPs), enterprises, network equipment manufacturers (NEMs), original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), government and avionics. We help these customers harness the power of instruments, automation, intelligence and virtualization to Command the network. VIAVI is also a leader in management solutions for 3D sensing, anti-counterfeiting, consumer electronics, industrial, aerospace, automotive and medical applications.
To serve our markets, we operate in the following business segments:
•Network Enablement (NE);
•Service Enablement (SE); and
•Optical Security and Performance Products (OSP).
Corporate Information
The Company was incorporated in California in 1979 as Uniphase Corporation and reincorporated in Delaware in 1993. Our heritage includes several significant mergers and acquisitions including, among others, the combination of Uniphase Corporation and JDS FITEL in 1999 (JDSU). In August 2015, JDSU completed the separation of our Lumentum business (the Separation) to gain greater strategic flexibility to address rapidly changing market dynamics. At the same time, we changed our name to Viavi Solutions Inc. In January 2021, VIAVI relocated headquarters from San Jose, California to Arizona, located at 7047 E. Greenway Parkway, Suite 250, Scottsdale, Arizona 85254, and our telephone number is (408) 404-3600. Our website address is www.viavisolutions.com, which the Company recognizes as a channel of distribution for disclosing materials and non-public information for financial disclosure purposes. We are subject to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), under which we file annual, quarterly and periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website, www.sec.gov, which contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. We also make available free of charge, all of our SEC filings on our website at www.viavisolutions.com/investors as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. The information contained on any of the websites referenced in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are not part of or incorporated by reference into this or any other report we file with, or furnish to, the SEC.
Industry Trends
NE and SE
NE and SE (collectively referred to as Network and Service Enablement (NSE)).
The telecommunications (Telecom) and cable industries are experiencing a major evolution in technology that is likely to last for the next decade as wireless communications expand and evolve from 4G to 5G technology with its promise of greater bandwidth capacity, faster transmission speeds and lower latency response time. 5G is a disruptive technology that is being gradually deployed by service providers using millimeter wave and sub-6 GHz technologies. 5G has broader applications beyond smart mobile devices. 5G’s increased bandwidth capacity and speed, as well as lower latency, should enable numerous devices, referred to as the “Internet of Things” (IOT), to have greater device-to-device connectivity to enable smart homes, smart cities, smart grid, smart and autonomous cars, factory automation and other applications that are yet to be conceptualized.
Wireless communications connectivity at the edge, or the “last mile” or “last hundred yards”, will bring gigahertz speeds and capacity to the home as well as to “all devices” and to “all connected things” (e.g. Cars, Drones, Bots, etc.). The 5G transition is being deployed globally and is expected to be disruptive to businesses, consumers and potentially create new applications and vertical industries. The adoption of 5G also requires increased bandwidth, high speed, and low latency backhaul capability from the network edge to the network core. This requires optical fiber upgrade or buildout as legacy copper line networks are decommissioned. 100GbE optical fiber is being deployed in many metropolitan networks, with the leading-edge networks installing 400GbE optical fiber. In the labs, 800GbE fiber technology is being evaluated for the future next generation optical network. These investments will extend fiber connectivity beyond the office and home and permeate “fiber-to-the-everywhere.”
While new networks are deploying 5G wireless and advanced optical fiber technology, existing network infrastructure that is not otherwise being upgraded is still expected to be modernized with new cable and access technologies. Cable service providers are investing in DOCSIS 3.1 to enhance existing cable networks with higher speed connectivity and bandwidth capacity. Some telecom operators with legacy copper digital subscriber line (DSL) have chosen to extend the useful life of these legacy networks by upgrading to Gfast technology. Many operators, however, have decided to run existing legacy networks until no longer operable and then replace them with new optical fiber. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in global work-office shutdown and Work-From-Home policies among network service providers, NEMs and their related suppliers. This in turn disrupted and delayed new network construction build out, general network maintenance and new technology development.
As consumer communication, service provider network operations, and enterprise networks increasingly migrate to the cloud, hyperscale services have become significant drivers of technology innovation, including optical fiber up to 800GbE.
The scale and complexity of these technology shifts are also challenging service providers to rearchitect their networks, becoming more automated, virtualized and optimized based on real-time intelligence.
The convergence of network technologies requires significant investments from both the traditional carriers (telecom and cable) and cloud service providers. To achieve scale and a profitable return on investment, these CSPs in recent years have consolidated and are expected to continue to consolidate. Traditional service provider capital spending in physical networks has been declining, and this impacts the served available market opportunity for our NSE segment. However, the new cloud service providers and virtualized networks create new NSE opportunities. Our NE and SE products and solutions are well positioned to meet these rapidly changing industry trends, given our technology and products, as well as customer installed base.
NE’s Avionics Communications (AvComm) products, further expand NSE’s Test & Measurement (T&M) opportunity into the government, civil, aerospace and military markets for communications and public safety testing. We also believe military radio test and avionics products are a growth opportunity as defense and public safety department budgets increase significantly due to the ongoing upgrade from analog to digital communications.
OSP
The threat of counterfeiting of banknotes and documents of value is enabled by a broad range of advanced but relatively low-cost imaging technologies and printing tools. With this access, counterfeiters - who range from hobbyists to nation states - have the ability to potentially create simulations of actual documents and products for illicit purposes, creating the need for robust, technically sophisticated and easy to validate anti-counterfeiting features. We have decades of anti-counterfeiting expertise leveraging our Optically Variable Pigment (OVP®), and our Optically Variable Magnetic Pigment (OVMP®) technologies to protect the integrity of banknotes and other high-value documents by delivering optical effects that, on one hand, consumers can easily recognize but on the other hand, counterfeiters find very difficult to reproduce.
In addition to Anti-Counterfeiting technologies, we also provide optical technologies for the 3D sensing, consumer electronics, government, automotive, and industrial markets. For example, we manufacture and sell optical filters for 3D sensing applications that allow consumers to interact with their devices more naturally by enabling electronic devices to accurately measure depth and motion. Our filters play an important role in those applications, separating out ambient light from the incoming data used by sensors to make precise measurements. Notably, our patented low angle shift technology enables our customers to significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of their systems and deliver reliable system performance. Through the development of multiple generations of products for 3D sensing and by delivering improved performance and competitive value with each iteration, we believe we have established ourselves as the industry’s leading supplier of high-performance filters enabling depth-sensing systems in consumer electronics. In October 2018, we broadened our portfolio of 3D sensing technologies when we acquired RPC Photonics (RPC), a technology leader in engineered optical diffusers, marketed under the trademark “Engineered DiffusersTM.” Engineered DiffusersTM diffuse the infrared laser light transmitted by a smartphone in 3D sensing applications, enabling reliable system performance while also guarding eye safety. In user facing applications of 3D sensing including facial recognition, our Engineered DiffusersTM enable infrared light to safely impinge on the target, i.e. human facial profile. That light is then reflected back to the 3D Sensor on the smartphone and an image process gathers the target information.
Sales and Marketing
CSPs make up the majority of NE and SE revenues. We also market and sell products to NEMs, OEMs, enterprises, governmental organizations, distributors and strategic partners worldwide. We have a dedicated sales force organized around each of the markets that we serve that works directly with customers’ executive, technical, manufacturing and purchasing personnel to determine design, performance and cost requirements. We are also supported by a worldwide channel community, including our Velocity Solution Partners who support our NE and SE segments.
OSP sales and marketing efforts are targeted primarily toward customers in the consumer electronics, government, industrial, medical and automotive markets. We have a dedicated direct global sales force focused on understanding customers’ requirements and building market awareness and acceptance of our products. Our direct sales force is complemented by a highly trained team of field applications engineers who assist customers in designing, testing and qualifying our products. We market our products and capabilities through attendance at trade shows, the production of promotional webinars, the development of samples and product demonstrations, participation in technical forums, select advertising and by developing customer partnerships.
A high level of support is a critical part of our strategy to develop and maintain long-term collaborative relationships with our customers. We develop innovative products by engaging our customers at the initial design phase and continue to build that relationship as our customers’ needs change and develop. Service and support are provided through our offices and those of our partners worldwide.
Corporate Strategy
Our objective is to continue to be a leading provider in the markets and industries we serve. In support of our business segments, we are pursuing a corporate strategy that we believe will best position us for future opportunities as follows:
•Market leadership in physical and virtualized test and measurement instruments with opportunity to grow market share;
•Market leadership in Anti-Counterfeiting pigments, 3D sensing optical filters and Engineered DiffusersTM;
•Market leadership in 5G wireless, public safety radio and navigation/communication transponder test instruments;
•Increase the benefit from the use of our net operating loss carryforwards (NOL) by improving our profitability organically and inorganically; and
•Greater flexibility in capital structure in support of our strategic plans.
Our near-term strategy, and next transformation phase, will be more focused on growth, both organic and inorganic. We plan to leverage major secular growth trends in 5G Wireless, Fiber and 3D Sensing to achieve higher levels of revenue and profitability.
Our long-term capital allocation strategy, which supports our corporate strategy, is as follows:
•Maintenance and run-rate investments to support operations;
•Organic investments in initiatives to support revenue growth and productivity;
•Return capital to shareholders through share buybacks and execute on capital allocation and debt management strategy; and
•Mergers and acquisitions that are synergistic to company strategy and business segments.
Although we are working to successfully implement our strategy, internal and/or external factors could impact our ability to meet any, or all, of our objectives. These factors are discussed under Item 1A “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Business Segments
We operate in two broad business categories: NSE and OSP. NSE operates in two reportable segments, NE and SE, whereas OSP operates as a single segment. Our NSE and OSP businesses are each organized with its own engineering, manufacturing and dedicated sales and marketing groups focused on each of the markets we serve to better support our customers and respond quickly to market needs. In addition, our segments share common corporate services that provide capital, infrastructure, resources and functional support, allowing them to focus on core technological strengths to compete and innovate in their markets.
Network Enablement
Our NE segment provides an integrated portfolio of testing solutions that access the network to perform build-out and maintenance tasks. These solutions include instruments, software and services to design, build, turn-up, certify, troubleshoot, and optimize networks. These solutions also support more profitable, higher-performing networks and help speed time-to-revenue.
Our solutions address lab and production environments, field deployment and service assurance for wireless and wireline networks, including computing and storage networks. Our test instrument portfolio is one of the largest in the industry, with hundreds of thousands of units in active use by major NEMs, operators and service providers worldwide. Designed to be mobile, these products include instruments and software that access the network to perform installation and maintenance tasks, which help service provider technicians assess the performance of network elements and segments and verify the integrity of the information being transmitted across the network. These instruments are highly intelligent and have user interfaces that are designed to simplify operations and minimize the training required to operate them.
Within the NE product portfolio, our wireless products consist of flexible application software and multi-function hardware that our customers can easily use as standalone test and measurement solutions or combine with industry-standard computers, networks and third-party devices to create measurement, automation and embedded systems. Our Radio Access Network (RAN to Core) test and validation product addresses the various communications infrastructure market segments.
We also offer a range of product support and professional services designed to comprehensively address our customers’ requirements. These services include repair, calibration, software support and technical assistance for our products. We offer product and technology training as well as consulting services. Our professional services, provided in conjunction with system integration projects, include project management, installation and implementation.
Our AvComm products are a global leader in T&M instrumentation for communication and safety in the government, civil, aerospace and military markets. AvComm solutions encompass a full spectrum of instrumentation from turnkey systems, stand-alone instruments or modular components that provide customers with highly reliable, customized, innovative and cost-effective testing tools.
Markets
Our NE segment provides solutions for CSPs, as well as NEMs and data center providers that deliver and/or operate broadband/IP networks (fixed and mobile) supporting voice, video and data services as well as a wide range of applications. These solutions support the development and production of network equipment, the deployment of next generation network technologies and services, and ensure a higher-quality customer experience. AvComm products are positioned in all of the customers’ product life cycle phases from research & development (R&D), manufacturing, installation, deployment and field, to depot repair and maintenance of devices.
Customers
NE customers include CSPs, NEMs, government organizations and large corporate customers, such as major telecom, mobility and cable operators, chip and infrastructure vendors, storage-device manufacturers, storage-network and switch vendors, radio and avionics commercial companies, OEMs, civil, state and federal agencies, utilities, law enforcement, military contractors and the armed forces and deployed private enterprise customers. Our customers include América Móvil, AT&T Inc., Lumen Technologies, Inc. (formerly CenturyLink, Inc.), Cisco Systems, Inc., Nokia Corporation and Verizon Communications Inc.
Trends
Several network technology trends are taking place to support the growing bandwidth demand and are impacting the way NEMs and CSPs design, build and deploy new network systems. These trends are driving shifts in capital spending with the transition to advanced LTE and 5G, cable upgrades to DOCSIS 3.1, DSL copper line upgrades to Gfast, deployment of 100GbE Metro optical fiber, 400GbE in optical transport, and adoption of advanced network management technologies such as virtualization, assurance and automation. As service providers face pricing pressure on their average revenue per user (ARPU) metrics, they are turning to our NE products solutions to both reduce the need for physical customer service visits through faster installation and repair completion and improve user satisfaction. For our avionics products, many governments across the globe are increasing their military and public safety budgets to upgrade communication infrastructure.
Competition
Our NE segment competes against various companies, including Anritsu Corporation, EXFO Inc., Keysight Technologies Inc., Rohde & Schwarz, VeEX Inc., Spirent Communications plc. and Artiza Networks, Inc. While we face multiple competitors for each of our product families, we continue to have one of the broadest portfolios of wireline and wireless products available in the network enablement industry. In Aerospace and Tactical Communications, AvComm competes against Anritsu Corporation, Astronics DME Corp., General Dynamics and Tel Instruments.
Offerings
Our NE solutions include instruments and software that support the development and production of network systems in the lab. These solutions activate, certify, troubleshoot and optimize networks that are differentiated through superior efficiency, reliable performance and greater customer satisfaction. Designed to be mobile, these products include instruments and software that access the network to perform installation and maintenance tasks. They help service provider technicians assess the performance of network elements and segments and verify the integrity of the information being transmitted across the network. These instruments are highly intelligent and have user interfaces that are designed to simplify operations and minimize the training required to operate them. Our NE solutions are also used by NEMs in the design and production of next-generation network equipment. Thorough testing by NEMs plays a critical role in producing the components and equipment that are the building blocks of network infrastructure. We leverage our installed base and knowledge of network management methods and procedures to develop these advanced customer experience solutions.
We also offer a range of product support and professional services designed to comprehensively address our customers’ requirements. These services include repair, calibration, software support and technical assistance for our products. We offer product and technology training as well as consulting services. Our professional services, provided in conjunction with system integration projects, include project management, installation and implementation.
Our NE products and associated services are, as follows:
Field Instruments: Primarily consisting of (a) Access and Cable products; (b) Avionics products; (c) Fiber Instrument products; (d) Metro products; (e) RF Test products; and (f) Radio Test products.
Lab Instruments: Primarily consisting of (a) Fiber Optic Production Lab Test; (b) Optical Transport products; (c) Computing and Storage Network Test products; and (d) Wireless products.
Service Enablement
SE provides embedded systems and enterprise performance management solutions that give global CSPs, enterprises and cloud operators visibility into network, service and application data. These solutions - which primarily consist of instruments, microprobes and software - monitor, collect and analyze network data to reveal the actual customer experience and identify opportunities for new revenue streams and network optimization.
Our assurance solutions let carriers remotely monitor performance and quality of network, service and applications performance throughout the entire network. This provides our customers with enhanced network management, control, and optimization that allow network operators to initiate service to new customers faster, decrease the need for technicians to make on-site service calls, help to make necessary repairs faster and, as a result, lower costs while providing higher quality and more reliable services. Remote monitoring decreases operating expenses, while early detection helps increase uptime, preserve revenue, and helps operators better monetize their networks.
Our network performance management products help enterprise IT and security teams monitor and optimize connectivity for their employees across on-premise and cloud domains and conduct preventative and forensic analysis to address rising security challenges. This functionality has become more critical as organizations have been forced to adopt remote working procedures, increasing network challenges and security risks.
Markets
Our SE segment provides solutions and services primarily for CSPs and enterprises that deliver and/or operate broadband/IP networks (fixed and mobile) supporting voice, video and data services as well as a wide range of applications. These solutions provide network and application visibility to enable more cost-effective ways to provide a higher-quality customer experience.
Customers
SE customers include similar CSPs, NEMs, government organizations, large corporate customers and storage-segment customers that are served by our NE segment.
Trends
Our SE solutions portfolio has grown as a result of several acquisitions made during the past several years to address the network industry shift to a more agile, flexible, programmable, and cost-effective virtualized software-centric network. Our Data Center product and solutions offerings address customers’ needs to support data center network traffic through application and performance monitoring.
Competition
Our SE segment competitors include NetScout Systems, Inc., Riverbed Technology, Inc. and Spirent Communications plc. While we face multiple competitors for each of our product families, we continue to have one of the broadest portfolios of wireline and wireless monitoring solutions available in the service enablement industry.
Offerings
Our SE solutions are embedded network systems, including microprobes and software that collect and analyze network data to reveal the actual customer experience and identify opportunities for new revenue streams. These solutions provide our customers enhanced network management, control, optimization and differentiation. Our customers are able to access and analyze the growing amount of network data from a single console, simplifying the process of deploying, provisioning and managing network equipment and services. These capabilities allow network operators to initiate service to new customers faster, decrease the need for technicians to make on-site service calls, and help to make necessary repairs faster, which lowers costs while providing higher quality and more reliable services.
Our SE products and associated services are, as follows:
Data Center: Consisting of our Network Performance Monitoring and Diagnostic tools (Apex, GigaStor, Observer).
Assurance: Primarily consisting of our (a) Growth Products (Location Intelligence and NITRO Mobile products) and (b) Mature Products (Legacy Assurance and Legacy Wireline).
Optical Security and Performance Products
Our OSP segment leverages its core optical coating technologies and volume manufacturing capability to design, manufacture, and sell products targeting anti-counterfeiting, consumer and industrial, government, automotive, industrial and other markets.
Our security offerings for the anti-counterfeiting market include OVP® and OVMP®. OVP® enables color-shifting effects and OVMP® enables depth and motion effects in addition to color-shifting effects. Both OVP® and OVMP® are formulated into inks used by banknote issuers and security printers worldwide for anti-counterfeiting applications on banknotes and other high-value documents. Our technologies are deployed on the banknotes of more than 100 countries today.
Leveraging our unique high-precision coating and light shaping optics capabilities, OSP provides a range of products and technologies for the consumer electronics, government, automotive, and industrial markets, including, for example, optical filters and Engineered Diffusers™ for 3D sensing applications.
Other OSP product lines include custom color solutions and spectral sensing. Custom color solutions include innovative special effects pigments that provide product enhancement for brands in the automotive and other industries. Spectral sensing solutions include handheld and process miniature near infrared spectrometers for pharmaceutical, agriculture, food, feed, and industrial applications.
Markets
Our OSP segment delivers overt and covert features to protect banknotes and documents of value against counterfeiting, with a primary focus on the currency market. OSP also produces precise, high-performance, optical thin-film coatings for a variety of applications in consumer electronics, government, automotive, industrial, and other markets. For example, we design and produce optical filters and Engineered Diffusers™, which are used in 3D sensing products and other applications.
Customers
OSP serves customers such as SICPA Holding SA Company (SICPA), STMicroelectronics Holding N.V., Lockheed Martin Corporation and Seiko Epson Corporation. For further information related to our customers, refer to Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations under Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Trends
Counterfeiting of banknotes and other documents of value is enabled by a broad range of advanced but relatively low-cost imaging technologies and printing tools, giving counterfeiters - who range from hobbyists to nation states - the potential ability to create simulations of banknotes and other documents of value for illicit purposes. As a result, demand is increasing for sophisticated overt anti-counterfeiting features, such as our OVP® and OVMP® technologies. These technologies enable consumers, merchants, and law enforcement to easily validate banknotes and documents of value without the use of special tools. At the same time, the effects created by these technologies are difficult to create or simulate using conventional printing technology.
The consumer electronics, government, automotive and instrumentation markets require customized, high-precision coated products and optical components that selectively absorb, transmit, reflect or shape light to meet the performance requirements of sophisticated systems. Our unique and proprietary deposition platforms and decades of know-how enable us to offer an array of advanced technologies and precision optics-from the UV to the far IR portion of the light spectrum to meet the specific requirements of our customers.
OSP’s optical filters and Engineered DiffusersTM are deployed in smartphones to enable 3D sensing applications including facial recognition biometric authentication. 3D sensing optical filters separate out ambient light from incoming data for more natural interactions between consumers and devices, allowing devices to be controlled by a person’s movements, gestures or features. Other potential applications for OSP’s optical filters include augmented/virtual reality, sensors deployed in autonomous vehicles and IoT. Engineered DiffusersTM optimize transmitted infrared laser light in a 3D sensing module while ensuring visual eye safety. The diffuser redirects the laser light to avoid direct eye contact, a critical safety feature for 3D sensing applications.
Competition
OSP’s competitors include the following: providers of anti-counterfeiting features such as Giesecke & Devrient, De La Rue plc; special-effect pigments like Merck KGA; coating companies such as Nidek, Toppan and Toray; optics companies such as Materion; and, optical filter companies such as II-VI Inc. and AMS.
Offerings
Our OSP business provides innovative optical security and performance products which serve a variety of applications for customers in the anti-counterfeiting, consumer electronics, government, automotive, industrial, and other markets.
Anti-Counterfeiting: Our OVP® and OVMP® technologies are incorporated into inks used by many government and state-owned security printers worldwide for banknote protection. These technologies deliver a range of intuitive overt effects that enable the rapid verification of banknotes without requiring a specialized device or reader.
For product differentiation and brand enhancement, we provide custom color solutions for a variety of applications using our ChromaFlair® and SpectraFlair® pigments to create color effects that emphasize body contours, create dynamic environments, or enhance products in motion. These pigments are added to paints, plastics or textiles for automotive, packaging, and other applications.
Consumer and Industrial: Our OSP business manufactures and sells optical filters for 3D sensing products that separate out ambient light from incoming data to allow devices to be controlled by a person’s movements or gestures. Our Engineered DiffusersTM shape light emitted for 3D sensing applications and also enhance eye safety.
Government: Our products are used in a variety of aerospace and defense applications, including optics for guidance systems, laser eye protection and night vision systems. These products, including coatings and optical filters, are optimized for each specific application.
Industrial and Other Markets: We provide multicavity and linear variable optical filters on a variety of substrates for applications, including thermal imaging, spectroscopy and pollution monitoring. We also develop and manufacture miniature handheld and process near infrared spectrometers that leverage our linear variable optical filters for use in applications for agriculture, pharmaceutical and other markets.
Acquisitions
As part of our strategy, we are committed to the ongoing evaluation of strategic opportunities and, where appropriate, the acquisition of additional products, technologies or businesses that are complementary to, or strengthen, our existing products.
On May 31, 2019, we completed the acquisition of 3Z, a provider of antenna alignment installation and monitoring solutions.
On October 30, 2018, we completed the acquisition of RPC. The acquisition of RPC expands our 3D Sensing offerings.
On March 15, 2018, we completed the acquisition of AvComm and Wireless (AW), which further strengthens our competitive position in 5G deployment and diversifies our product offerings into military, public safety and avionics test markets.
The acquisitions of 3Z and AW have been integrated into our NE business segment. The acquisition of RPC has been integrated into our OSP business segment. Refer to “Note 5. Acquisitions” under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information related to our acquisitions.
Restructuring Programs
We may continue to engage in targeted restructuring events, to consolidate our operations and align our businesses in response to market conditions and our current investment strategy. Such actions are intended to further drive our strategy for organizational alignment and consolidation as part of its continued commitment to a more cost effective and agile organization and to improve overall profitability in our business segments.
Please refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” under Item 7 and “Note 13. Restructuring and Related Charges” under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion on these charges.
Research and Development
We devote substantial resources to R&D to develop new and enhanced products to serve our markets. Once the design of a product is complete, our engineering efforts shift to enhancing both product performance and our ability to manufacture it in greater volume and at lower cost.
In our NE and SE segments, we develop portable test instruments for field service technicians, systems and software used in Network Operations Centers, and instruments used in the development, testing and production of communications network components, modules and equipment. We have centers of excellence for product marketing and development in Asia, Europe and North America.
In our OSP segment, our R&D efforts concentrate on developing more innovative technologies and products for customers in the anti-counterfeiting, consumer electronics, government, healthcare and automotive markets. Our strength in the banknote anti-counterfeiting market is complemented by our advances in developing novel pigments and foils for a variety of applications. Other areas of R&D focus for OSP include our efforts to leverage our optical coating technology expertise to develop applications for the government and defense markets as well as efforts related to new products for 3D sensing and smart phone sensors. OSP has also introduced an innovative hand-held spectrometer solution with applications in the agriculture, healthcare and defense markets.
Manufacturing
As of July 3, 2021, we have significant manufacturing facilities for our NE, SE and OSP segments located in China, France, Germany, United Kingdom and the United States. Our most significant contract manufacturing partners are located in China and Mexico.
Sources and Availability of Raw Materials
We use various suppliers and contract manufacturers to supply parts and components for the manufacture and support of multiple product lines. Although we intend to establish at least two sources of supply for materials whenever possible, for certain components we have sole or limited source supply arrangements.
Patents and Proprietary Rights
Intellectual property rights apply to our various products include patents, trade secrets and trademarks. We do not intend to broadly license our intellectual property rights unless we can obtain adequate consideration or enter into acceptable patent cross-license agreements. As of July 3, 2021, we owned approximately 831 U.S. patents and 1,528 foreign patents and have 1,004 patent applications pending throughout the world. The average age of the patents we hold is 9.1 years, which is slightly younger than the midpoint of the average 20-year life of a patent.
Backlog
Due to possible changes in product delivery schedules and cancellation of product orders, and because our sales often reflect orders shipped in the same quarter in which they are received, our backlog at any particular date is not necessarily indicative of actual revenue or the level of orders for any succeeding period.
Seasonality
Our business is seasonal, as is typical for our competitors and many large companies. For NSE, revenue is typically higher in the second and fourth fiscal quarter, all else being equal. There is typically a modest end of calendar year customer spending budget flush that benefits our second fiscal quarter. Telecom and cable spending budgets are typically set at the start of a new calendar year, thus with all else being equal, our third fiscal quarter is NSE’s weakest revenue quarter with spending release benefiting our fourth fiscal quarter. For our OSP business, given our recent exposure to the consumer market, namely our 3D Sensing products into the smart phone market, OSP revenue is expected to be seasonally higher in the first and second fiscal quarter followed by seasonal demand declines in the third and fourth fiscal quarters.
Human Capital Management
As of July 3, 2021, we had approximately 3,600 employees worldwide representing more than 30 self-identified nationalities working across approximately 30 countries. VIAVI is committed to promoting and maintaining a diverse and inclusive work environment and offering equal opportunities to everyone. We seek to empower our employees to learn and develop their skills to accelerate their career and to attract best in class talent. The CEO and the SVP Human Resources are responsible for the development of the People Strategy and execute this with the support of the Executive Management Team. We regularly update the Compensation Committee on human capital matters.
Business Values & Standards
The VIAVI business values articulate the internal cultural identity for VIAVI employees and provide a shared understanding of expectations across the Company. They represent the principles that will help guide us to achieve our objectives globally and the desired operating environment of the employees and management. VIAVI is committed to respecting human rights and acknowledges the fundamental principles contained in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the tenets of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, core International Labor Organization Conventions and the laws of countries in which we operate. We are a member of the Responsible Business Alliance, which further strengthens our efforts and commitment.
We realize that being a responsible global citizen is about more than just complying with local regulations. It’s about how we do business, and how our organization’s activities affect the people and communities where we live and work. The VIAVI Code of Business Conduct captures the broad principles of legal and ethical business conduct embraced by the Company as part of its commitment to integrity. VIAVI expects that all employees will act in a manner that complies both with the letter and spirit of this code of conduct.
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI)
VIAVI is committed to fostering, cultivating, and preserving a culture of diversity, equity and inclusion. Our human capital is one of our most valuable assets. We believe the collective sum of our individual differences, life experiences, knowledge, innovation, business acumen, self-expression, and unique capabilities contribute to a culture that enhances our reputation and achievement.
VIAVI has long been committed to ensuring that all individuals have an equal opportunity to enjoy a fair, safe and productive work environment - regardless of age, ancestry, race, color, mental or physical disability or medical condition, gender, gender identity, gender expression, genetic information, family or marital status, registered domestic partner status, medical condition, military and veteran status, race, religious creed, language, national origin, citizenship status, sex (including pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding and any related medical conditions), sexual orientation, socio-economic status, or any other protected category under applicable law. We embrace, encourage, and celebrate our employees’ differences and what makes them unique.
Talent Development
Our talent development programs promote the VIAVI Business Values through a passion for learning and performance. We are developing relevant and useful learning resources for our employees, managers, and leaders that invite a growth mindset and create an appetite for lifelong learning.
We drive talent conversations at all levels, which is complemented by Everyday Development, our performance management check-in process. Check-ins ensure that teams are being coached and supported throughout the year with relevant and timely discussions on expectations, feedback and development. Both managers and employees have a role to play to ensure that they are connected on the activities that drive our business forward. Our employees can expect to engage regularly with their manager, and to have their support to accelerate their performance and development.
Enabling critical leadership practices was a top priority in 2021, as we instituted our global Leadership Development Program with over 230 of our managers joining the Manager Development and Strategic Leadership Series.
Many of our employees are participating in mandatory training courses covering data privacy, cyber-security, health and safety as well as the prevention of sexual harassment in the workplace.
Talent Rewards
Our compensation and benefit programs are designed to recognize our employees' individual performance and contributions to our business results, including competitive base salaries and variable pay for all employees, share-based equity award grants, health and welfare benefits, time-off, development programs and training, and opportunities to give back to our communities. We provide talent rewards that are competitive in the marketplace. We support equal pay for equal work, pay transparency as well as all federal anti-discrimination laws applicable to employment, including those within Title VII of the Civil Rights Act.
Health and Safety
VIAVI is committed to maintaining an inclusive, supportive, safe and healthy work environment where our employees can thrive. We strictly comply with all applicable health and safety regulations, offer robust training to our employees on health and safety matters, maintain controls and proper disposal of hazardous materials and track workplace incidents and injuries. We maintain and regularly update emergency and disaster recovery plans.
While faced with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, we have come together to institute a set of global policies, a global COVID-19 Committee at the executive level, regional and local Pandemic Response Teams, Return to Work guidelines and flexible workplace practices to help our employees and their families stay healthy and safely navigate the challenging and changing environment.
Environmental, Social and Governance
All stakeholders are essential to our business, including stockholders, customers, suppliers, employees, communities as well as the environment and society. We are working on making our workforce more inclusive, our business more sustainable, and our communities more engaged by maintaining strong environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices. We detail our overall ESG strategy and progress on our ESG web page and in our annual Corporate Social Responsibility Report, which can both be found at www.viavisolutions.com/csr.
Information Security
Information security is the responsibility of our Information Security team, overseen by the Chief Information Security Officer. We leverage a combination of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework, International Organization for Standardization and Center for Internet Security best practice standards to measure security posture, deliver risk management and provide effective security controls.
Our information security practices include development, implementation, and improvement of policies and procedures to safeguard information and ensure availability of critical data and systems. Our Information Security team conducts annual information security awareness training for employees involved in our systems and processes that handle customer data and audits of our systems and enhanced training for specialized personnel. Our program further includes review and assessment by external, independent third-parties, who assess and report on our internal incident response preparedness and help identify areas for continued focus and improvement.
As set forth in its charter, our Audit Committee, comprised fully of independent directors, is responsible for oversight of risk, including cybersecurity and information security risk. Our Chief Information Security Officer delivers quarterly reports and updates to the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee regularly briefs the full Board on these matters, and the Board receives regular updates on the status of the Information Security Program, including but not limited to relevant cyber threats, roadmap and key initiative updates, and the management of information security risk.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
COVID-19 Risks
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have significantly affected how we and our customers are operating our businesses, and the duration and extent to which this will impact our future results of operations and overall financial performance remains uncertain.
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a widespread health crisis that is adversely affecting the broader economies, financial markets and may affect the overall demand environment for our products and services.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we have prioritized employee, customer and partner safety and have temporarily shut down, slowed or limited activity in certain locations, including limiting production in certain locations to essential business needs, all in conjunction with federal, state and local health and safety regulations and shelter-in-place orders. The majority of our global workforce is working from home, and we have canceled participation in trade shows and marketing events and restricted business travel, resulting in the limitation of normal sales and business development activity.
We have experienced and may continue to experience disruption of our facilities, suppliers and contract manufacturers, which has and may continue to negatively impact our sales and operating results. In addition, we have experienced and may continue to experience shipping and logistics challenges as our customers have also closed their facilities and are operating under similar restrictions. Both NE and SE net revenue declined in the second half of fiscal 2020. NE revenue declined as the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in certain customer operation and logistic shutdowns that led to shipment or acceptance delays and a demand slowdown in Field Instruments with orders pushed out into future periods, while SE revenue declined as customers were unable to provide on-site verification and acceptance due to facility closures and other restrictions.
Worldwide distribution by central governments of the vaccines commenced in late 2020. There have been logistical and operational challenges with the rollout and global demand for the vaccine has far exceeded supply. It will take some time for the global population to receive vaccines, allowing for widespread immunity to develop. At the same time, new and potentially more contagious variants of the virus are developing in several countries and regions in which we operate. We operate a shared services center in Pune, India that provides important finance and IT support services. The recent substantial increase of reported COVID-19 transmission rates in that country due to the emergence of a more virulent variant of the virus has led to a significant spike in illness and death rates. Hospitals and medical facilities are overwhelmed and there is a shortage of oxygen and other medical supplies. If the situation in India does not improve, our operations and employees there could be negatively impacted.
When and as normal business operations resume, we will need to expand globally the safety measures we have already undertaken at sites conducting essential business, such as enhanced sanitation procedures, health checks and social distancing protocols, none of which can completely eliminate the risk of exposure or spread of COVID-19. Even after shelter-in-place restrictions have been lifted by governmental authorities, there could be additional waves or spikes in infection, again causing widespread social, economic and operational impacts.
Further, the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, the economies and financial markets in many countries. In fiscal 2020, we entered into a $300 million secured credit facility to strengthen our liquidity position but have not drawn on this facility to date. If there is a long-term economic downturn or a prolonged recession as a result of the pandemic, we could face additional liquidity needs and challenges. There can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain financing on favorable terms or at all.
Due to the evolving and highly uncertain nature of this event, it is currently not possible to estimate the ultimate direct or indirect impacts the COVID-19 pandemic may have on our business. However, any prolonged disruption of manufacturing of our products, commerce and related activity caused by the pandemic or significant decrease in demand for our products could materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial conditions. Surges in infection rate, new shutdowns, emergence of new and potentially more contagious variants of the virus and the slow pace of vaccine rollout may impact our suppliers and our ability to source materials in a timely manner. To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects our business and financial results, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section, such as those relating to our quarterly revenue and operating results as well as on our liquidity and on our ability to satisfy our indebtedness obligations, including the compliance with the covenants that apply to our indebtedness.
We refer you to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Position and Results of Operations” for a more detailed discussion of the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated economic disruptions, and the actual operational and financial impacts that we have experienced to date.
Risks Related to Our Business Strategy and Industry
We have a history of net losses, and our future profitability is not assured.
Historically, we operated as a portfolio company comprised of many product lines, with diverse operating metrics and markets. As a result, our profitability in a particular period will be impacted by revenue, product mix and operational costs that vary significantly across our product portfolio and business segments.
Specific factors that may undermine our profit and financial objectives include, among others:
•Uncertain future telecom carrier and cable operator capital and R&D spending levels, which particularly affects our NE and SE segments;
•Adverse changes to our product mix, both fundamentally (resulting from new product transitions, the declining profitability of certain legacy products and the termination of certain products with declining margins, among other things) and due to quarterly demand fluctuations;
•Pricing pressure across our NSE product lines due to competitive forces and to a highly concentrated customer base for many of our product lines, which may offset some of the cost improvements;
•Our OSP operating margin may experience some downward pressure as a result of a higher mix of 3D Sensing products and increased operating expenses;
•Limited availability of components and resources for our products which leads to higher component prices;
•Increasing commoditization of previously differentiated products, and the attendant negative effect on average selling prices and profit margins;
•Execution challenges, which limit revenue opportunities and harm profitability, market opportunities and customer relations;
•Decreased revenue associated with terminated or divested product lines;
•Redundant costs related to periodic transitioning of manufacturing and other functions to lower-cost locations;
•Ongoing costs associated with organizational transitions, consolidations and restructurings, which are expected to continue in the nearer term;
•Cyclical demand for our currency products;
•Changing market and economic conditions, including the impacts due to tariffs, the COVID-19 pandemic and inflationary pressures;
•Ability of our customers, partners, manufacturers and suppliers to purchase, market, sell, manufacture or supply our products and services, including as a result of disruptions arising from the COVID-19 pandemic;
•Financial stability of our customers, including the solvency of private sector customers and statutory authority for government customers to purchase goods and services; and
•Factors beyond our control resulting from pandemics and similar outbreaks such as the COVID-19 pandemic, manufacturing restrictions, travel restrictions and shelter-in-place orders to control the spread of a disease regionally and globally, and limitations on the ability of our employees and our suppliers’ and customers’ employees to work and travel.
Taken together, these factors limit our ability to predict future profitability levels and to achieve our long-term profitability objectives. If we fail to achieve profitability expectations, the price of our debt and equity securities, as well as our business and financial condition, may be materially adversely impacted.
Rapid technological change in our industry presents us with significant risks and challenges, and if we are unable to keep up with the rapid changes, our customers may purchase less of our products which could adversely affect our operating results.
The manufacture, quality and distribution of our products, as well as our customer relations, may be affected by several factors, including the rapidly changing market for our products, supply issues and internal restructuring efforts. We expect the impact of these issues will become more pronounced as we continue to introduce new product offerings and when overall demand increases.
Our success depends upon our ability to deliver both our current product offerings and new products and technologies on time and at acceptable cost to our customers. The markets for our products are characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product introductions, substantial capital investment, changes in customer requirements and a constantly evolving industry. Our future performance will depend on the successful development, introduction and market acceptance of new and enhanced products that address these issues and provide solutions that meet our customers’ current and future needs. As a technology company, we also constantly encounter quality, volume and cost concerns such as:
•Our continuing cost reduction programs which include, site and organization consolidations, asset divestitures, outsourcing the manufacture of certain products to contract manufacturers, other outsourcing initiatives, and reductions in employee headcount, requirements related to re-establishment and re-qualification by our customers of complex manufacturing lines, and modifications to systems, planning and operational infrastructure. During this process, we have experienced, and may continue to experience, additional costs, delays in re-establishing volume production levels, planning difficulties, inventory issues, factory absorption concerns and systems integration problems.
•We have experienced variability of manufacturing yields caused by difficulties in the manufacturing process, the effects from a shift in product mix, changes in product specifications and the introduction of new product lines. These difficulties can reduce yields or disrupt production and thereby increase our manufacturing costs and adversely affect our margin.
•We may incur significant costs to correct defective products (despite rigorous testing for quality both by our customers and by us), which could include lost future sales of the affected product and other products, and potentially severe customer relations problems, litigation and damage to our reputation.
•We are dependent on a limited number of vendors, who are often small and specialized, for raw materials, packages and standard components. We also rely on contract manufacturers around the world to manufacture certain of our products. Our business and results of operations have been, and could continue to be, adversely affected by this dependency. Specific concerns we periodically encounter with our suppliers include stoppages or delays of supply, insufficient vendor resources to supply our requirements, substitution of more expensive or less reliable products, receipt of defective parts or contaminated materials, increases in the price of supplies and an inability to obtain reduced pricing from our suppliers in response to competitive pressures. Additionally, the ability of our contract manufacturers to fulfill their obligations may be affected by economic, political or other forces that are beyond our control, including the COVID-19 pandemic. Any such failure could have a material impact on our ability to meet customers’ expectations and may materially impact our operating results.
•New product programs and introductions involve changing product specifications and customer requirements, unanticipated engineering complexities, difficulties in reallocating resources and overcoming resource limitations and increased complexity, which expose us to yield and product risk internally and with our suppliers.
These factors have caused considerable strain on our execution capabilities and customer relations. We have and could continue to see periodic difficulty responding to customer delivery expectations for some of our products, and yield and quality problems, particularly with some of our new products and higher volume products which could require additional funds and other resources required to respond to these execution challenges. From time to time, we have had to divert resources from new product R&D and other functions to assist with resolving these matters. If we do not improve our performance in all of these areas, our operating results will be harmed, the commercial viability of new products may be challenged, and our customers may choose to reduce or terminate their purchases of our products and purchase additional products from our competitors.
Unfavorable, uncertain or unexpected conditions in the transition to 5G may cause fluctuations in our rate of revenue growth or financial results.
Markets for 5G infrastructure may not develop in the manner or in the time periods we anticipate. If domestic and global economic conditions worsen, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, overall spending on 5G infrastructure may be reduced, which would adversely impact demand for our products in these markets. In addition, unfavorable developments with evolving laws and regulations worldwide related to 5G may limit or slow the rate of global adoption, impede our strategy, and negatively impact our long-term expectations in this area. Further, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in global work-office shut down and Work-From-Home policies among network service providers, NEMs and its related supply chain. This in turn disrupted and delayed new network construction build out, general network maintenance and new technology development.
Even if the 5G infrastructure market and rate of adoption develop in the manner or in the time periods we anticipate, if we do not have timely, competitively priced, market-accepted products available to meet our customers’ planned roll-out of 5G platforms and systems, we may miss a significant opportunity and our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.
Our forecasts related to our growth strategy in 3D sensing and other applications may prove to be inaccurate.
Growth forecasts are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates which may not prove to be accurate. Our estimate of the market opportunity related to 3D sensing is subject to significant uncertainty and is based on assumptions and estimates, including our internal analysis, industry experience and third-party data. Accordingly, our estimated market opportunity may prove to be materially inaccurate. In addition, our growth and ability to serve a significant portion of this estimated market is subject to many factors, including our success in implementing our business strategy and expansion of 3D sensing and other applications for consumer electronics. We cannot assure you that we will be able to serve a significant portion of this market and the growth forecasts should not be taken as indicative of our future growth.
We may experience increased pressure on our pricing and contract terms due to our reliance on a limited number of customers for a significant portion of our sales.
We believe that we will continue to rely upon a limited number of customers for a significant portion of our revenues for the foreseeable future. Any failure by us to continue capturing a significant share of these customers could materially harm our business. Dependence on a limited number of customers exposes us to the risk that order reductions from any one customer can have a material adverse effect on periodic revenue. Further, to the extent that there is consolidation among communications equipment manufacturers and service providers, we will have increased dependence on fewer customers who may be able to exert increased pressure on our prices and other contract terms. Customer consolidation activity and periodic manufacturing and inventory initiatives could also create the potential for disruptions in demand for our products as a consequence of such customers streamlining, reducing or delaying purchasing decisions.
We have a strategic alliance with SICPA, our principal customer for our anti-counterfeiting pigments that are used to, among other things, provide security features for banknotes. Under a license and supply agreement, we rely exclusively on SICPA to market and sell one of these product lines, Optical Variable Pigment (OVP®) and Optical Variable Magnetic Pigment (OVMP®), for document authentication applications worldwide. The agreement requires SICPA to purchase minimum quantities of these pigments over the term of the agreement. If SICPA fails to purchase these quantities, as and when required by the agreement, our business and operating results (including among other things, our revenue and gross margin) will be harmed as we may be unable to find a substitute marketing and sales partner or develop these capabilities ourselves.
Movement towards virtualized networks and software solutions may result in lower demand for our hardware products and increased competition.
The markets for our NE and SE segments are increasingly looking towards virtualized networks and software solutions. While we are devoting substantial resources to meet these needs, this trend may result in lower demand for our legacy hardware products. Additionally, barriers to entry are generally lower for software solutions, which may lead to increased competition for our products and services.
We face a number of risks related to our strategic transactions.
Our strategy continues to include periodic acquisitions and divestitures of businesses and technologies. Strategic transactions of this nature involve numerous risks, including the following:
•The impact of the recent COVID-19 pandemic, and any other adverse public health developments, epidemic disease or other pandemic in the countries in which we operate or our customers are located, including regional quarantines restricting the movement of people or goods, reductions in labor supply or staffing, the closure of facilities to protect employees, including those of our customers, disruptions to global supply chains and both our and our suppliers’ ability to deliver materials and products on a timely or cost-effective basis, shipment, acceptance or verification delays, the resulting overall significant volatility and disruption of financial markets, and economic instability affecting customer spending patterns;
•Inadequate internal control procedures and disclosure controls to comply with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or poor integration of a target company’s or business’s procedures and controls;
•Diversion of management’s attention from normal daily operations of the business;
•Potential difficulties in completing projects associated with in-process R&D;
•Difficulties in entering markets in which we have no or limited prior experience and where competitors have stronger market positions;
•Difficulties in obtaining or providing sufficient transition services and accurately projecting the time and cost associated with providing these services;
•An acquisition may not further our business strategy as we expected or we may overpay for, or otherwise not realize the expected return on, our investments;
•Expected earn-outs may not be achieved in the time frame or at the level expected or at all;
•We may not be able to recognize or capitalize on expected growth, synergies or cost savings;
•Insufficient net revenue to offset increased expenses associated with acquisitions;
•Potential loss of key employees of the acquired companies; and
•Difficulty in forecasting revenues and margins.
Acquisitions may also cause us to:
•Issue common stock that would dilute our current stockholders’ percentage ownership and may decrease earnings per share;
•Assume liabilities, some of which may be unknown at the time of the acquisitions;
•Record goodwill and non-amortizable intangible assets that will be subject to impairment testing and potential periodic impairment charges;
•Incur additional debt to finance such acquisitions;
•Incur amortization expenses related to certain intangible assets; or
•Acquire, assume, or become subject to litigation related to the acquired businesses or assets.
Operational Risks
Restructuring
We continue to restructure and realign our cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions. Significant risks associated with these types of actions that may impair our ability to achieve the anticipated cost reductions or disrupt our business include delays in the implementation of anticipated workforce reductions in highly regulated locations outside of the U.S. and the failure to meet operational targets due to the loss of key employees. In addition, our ability to achieve the anticipated cost savings and other benefits from these actions within the expected timeframe is subject to many estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions are subject to significant economic, competitive and other uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. If these estimates and assumptions are incorrect, if we experience delays, or if other unforeseen events occur, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We may not generate positive returns on our research and development strategy.
Developing our products is expensive, and the investment in product development may involve a long payback cycle. We expect to continue to invest heavily in R&D in order to expand the capabilities of 3D sensing and smart phone sensors, handheld spectrometer solution and portable test instruments, introduce new products and features and build upon our technology. We believe one of our greatest strengths lies in our innovation and our product development efforts. By investing in R&D including through our acquisitions, we believe we are well positioned to continue to execute on our strategy and take advantage of market opportunities. We expect that our results of operations may be impacted by the timing and size of these investments. In addition, these investments may take several years to generate positive returns, if ever.
We face risks related to our international operations and revenue.
Our customers are located throughout the world. In addition, we have significant operations outside North America, including product development, manufacturing, sales and customer support operations.
Our international presence exposes us to certain risks, including the following:
•Fluctuations in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and among the currencies of the countries in which we do business may adversely affect our operating results by negatively impacting our revenues or increasing our expenses;
•Our ability to comply with a wide variety of laws and regulations of the countries in which we do business, including, among other things, customs, import/export, anti-bribery, anti-competition, tax and data privacy laws, which may be subject to sudden and unexpected changes;
•Difficulties in establishing and enforcing our intellectual property rights;
•Tariffs and other trade barriers;
•Political, legal and economic instability in foreign markets, particularly in those markets in which we maintain manufacturing and product development facilities;
•Strained or worsening relations between the United States and China or other countries;
•Difficulties in staffing and management;
•Language and cultural barriers;
•Seasonal reductions in business activities in the countries where our international customers are located;
•Integration of foreign operations;
•Longer payment cycles;
•Difficulties in management of foreign distributors; and
•Potential adverse tax consequences.
The spread of COVID-19 has and is likely to continue to affect the manufacturing and shipment of goods globally. Any delay in production or delivery of our products due to an extended closure of our suppliers’ plants as a result of efforts to limit the spread of COVID-19 could adversely impact our business. Worldwide travel restrictions have been imposed by many countries, including air travel and transport, that have caused and are likely to continue to cause delays in shipment of our products as well as increased logistics costs and will restrict our ability to attract, develop, integrate and retain highly skilled employees with appropriate qualifications from other countries.
We expect that net revenue from customers outside North America will continue to account for a significant portion of our total net revenue. Lower sales levels that typically occur during the summer months in Europe and some other overseas markets may materially and adversely affect our business. In addition, the revenues we derive from many of our customers depend on international sales and further expose us to the risks associated with such international sales.
Economic conditions and regulatory changes that may result from the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
In June 2016, the U.K. held a referendum in which voters narrowly approved an exit from the European Union (the E.U.), commonly referred to as “Brexit.” The announcement of Brexit caused significant volatility in global stock markets and currency exchange rate fluctuations that resulted in the strengthening of the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies in which we conduct business. The withdrawal of the U.K. from the E.U., which was completed in January 2020 with the end of the transition period in December 2020, may contribute to further global economic uncertainty, which may cause our current and future customers to closely monitor their costs and reduce their spending on our products and services.
Brexit may also disrupt and delay the free movement of goods, services, and people between ports in the U.K. and the E.U., and result in increased legal and regulatory complexities, as well as potential higher costs of conducting business in Europe. Given the lack of comparable precedent, it is unclear how Brexit may negatively impact the economies of the U.K., the E.U. countries and other nations, as well as our operations in these locations. However, any of these effects of Brexit, among others, could adversely affect our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
While we have not experienced any material financial impact from Brexit on our business to date, we cannot predict its future implications.
Legal, Regulatory and Compliance Risks
Certain of our products are subject to governmental and industry regulations, certifications and approvals.
The commercialization of certain of the products we design, manufacture and distribute through our OSP segment may be more costly due to required government approval and industry acceptance processes. Development of applications for our anti-counterfeiting and special effects pigments may require significant testing that could delay our sales. For example, certain uses in cosmetics may be regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, which has extensive and lengthy approval processes. Durability testing by the automobile industry of our special effects pigments used with automotive paints can take up to three years. If we change a product for any reason, including technological changes or changes in the manufacturing process, prior approvals or certifications may be invalid and we may need to go through the approval process again. If we are unable to obtain these or other government or industry certifications in a timely manner, or at all, our operating results could be adversely affected.
U.S. Government trade actions could have an adverse impact on our business, financial position, and results of operation.
The United States and China have been engaged in protracted negotiations over the Chinese government’s acts, policies, and practices related to technology transfer, intellectual property, and innovation. Former President Trump used his authority under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 three times to levy a 25% retaliatory tariff on 6,830 subheading categories of imported Chinese high-tech and consumer goods valued at $250 billion per year. Although List 3 (under Section 301) valued at $200 billion, had originally set an additional duty rate at 10%, that rate was increased to 25% effective May 10, 2019. Moreover, in August 2019, Former President Trump announced a 15% tariff on a fourth list of goods valued at nearly $300 billion. Pursuant to a U.S.-China trade deal signed in January 2020, the List 3 rate remains at 25% and the List 4 rate decreased to 7.5% on February 14, 2020.
On May 16, 2019, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. and 68 designated non-U.S. affiliates (collectively, Huawei) were added to the Entity List of the Bureau of Industry and Security of the U.S. Department of Commerce (BIS), which imposes limitations on the supply of certain U.S. items and product support to Huawei. On August 17, 2020, BIS issued final rules that further restrict access by Huawei to items produced domestically and abroad from U.S. technology and software. While the majority of our products were unaffected, the final rules prevent us from selling certain products to Huawei entities without a license issued subject to the Export Administration Regulations. If we are unable to obtain such a license, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be negatively impacted.
These measures, along with any additional tariffs or other trade actions that may be implemented, may increase the cost of certain materials and/or products that we import from China, thereby adversely affecting our profitability. These actions could require us to raise our prices, which could decrease demand for our products. As a result, these actions, including potential retaliatory measures by China and further escalation into a potential “trade war”, may adversely impact our business.
In January 2021, President Biden commenced his new administration with a number of executive orders and actions, including a temporary halt of pending U.S. defense transfers and sales to Saudi Arabia and the United Emirates. This executive order could negatively impact certain products and equipment we deliver to military and defense clients. Given the uncertainty regarding the scope and duration of these trade actions by the United States or other countries, as well as the potential for additional trade actions, the impact on our operations and results remains uncertain.
Information Security, Technology and Intellectual Property Risks
Our business and operations could be adversely impacted in the event of a failure of our information technology infrastructure.
We rely upon the capacity, reliability and security of our information technology infrastructure and our ability to expand and continually update this infrastructure in response to our changing needs. In some cases, we rely upon third-party hosting and support services to meet these needs. The growing and evolving cyber-risk environment means that individuals, companies, and organizations of all sizes, including ourselves and our hosting and support partners, are increasingly vulnerable to attacks and disruptions on their networks and systems by a wide range of actors on an ongoing and regular basis. We also design and manage IT systems and products that contain IT systems for various customers, and generally face the same threats for these systems as for our own internal systems.
We maintain information security tools and technologies, staff, policies and procedures for managing risk to our networks and information systems, and conduct employee training on cyber-security to mitigate persistent and continuously evolving cyber-security threats. Our network security controls are comprised of administrative, physical and technical controls, which include, but are not limited to, the implementation of firewalls, anti-virus protection, patches, log monitors, routine backups, off-site storage, network audits and other routine updates and modifications. We also routinely monitor and develop our internal information technology systems to address risks to our information systems. Despite our implementation of these and other security measures and those of our third-party vendors, our systems are vulnerable to damages from computer viruses, natural disasters, unauthorized access and other similar disruptions and attacks that continue to emerge and evolve. Any system failure, accident or security breach could result in disruptions to our business processes, network degradation, and system down time, along with the potential that a third-party will gain unauthorized access to, or acquire intellectual property, proprietary business information, and data related to our employees, customers, suppliers, and business partners, including personal data. To the extent that any disruption, degradation, downtime or other security event results in a loss or damage to our data or systems, or in inappropriate disclosure of confidential or personal information, it could adversely impact us and our clients, potentially resulting in, among other things, financial losses, our inability to transact business on behalf of our clients, adverse impact on our brand and reputation, violations of applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, litigation, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. We may also incur additional costs related to cyber-security risk management and remediation. There can be no assurance that we or our service providers, if applicable, will not suffer losses relating to cyber-attacks or other information security breaches in the future or that our insurance coverage will be adequate to cover all the costs resulting from such events. No assurances can be given that our efforts to reduce the risk of such attacks will be successful.
The COVID-19 pandemic may adversely affect our systems, and the health of members of our internal IT team who monitor and address the cyber threats and attacks against VIAVI. In particular, the internet is currently experiencing an increase in cyber threats during the COVID-19 pandemic in the form of phishing emails, malware attachments and malicious websites which seemingly offer information regarding COVID-19. We have employed efforts to mitigate any potential impact that could result from increased cyber threats and the loss of members of our internal IT team and by providing our employees with enhanced awareness materials and training, updating our business continuity plans, and cross training staff.
Failure to maintain satisfactory compliance with certain privacy and data protections laws and regulations may subject us to substantial negative financial consequences and civil or criminal penalties.
Complex local, state, national, foreign, and international laws and regulations apply to the collection, use, retention, protection, disclosure, transfer, and other processing of personal data. These privacy laws and regulations are quickly evolving, with new or modified laws and regulations proposed and implemented frequently and existing laws and regulations subject to new or different interpretations. In addition, our legal and regulatory obligations in jurisdictions outside of the U.S. are subject to unexpected changes, including the potential for regulatory or other governmental entities to enact new or additional laws or regulations, to issue rulings that invalidate prior laws or regulations, or to increase penalties significantly. Complying with these laws and regulations can be costly and can impede the development and offering of new products and services. For example, the E.U. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which became effective in May 2018, imposes stringent data protection requirements and provides for significant penalties for noncompliance. Additionally, California enacted legislation, the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), which became effective January 1, 2020. The CCPA requires, among other things, covered companies to provide new disclosures to California consumers, and allow such consumers new abilities to opt-out of certain sales of personal data. The CCPA also provides for civil penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action for data breaches that may increase data breach litigation. Further, the California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA) recently passed in California. The CPRA will impose additional data protection obligations on covered businesses, including additional consumer rights, limitations on data uses, new audit requirements for higher risk data, and opt outs for certain uses of sensitive data. It will also create a new California data protection agency authorized to issue regulations and could result in increased privacy and information security enforcement. The majority of the provisions will go into effect on January 1, 2023, and additional compliance investment and business process changes may be required. The CPRA may result in further uncertainty and would require us to incur additional expenditures to comply. Several other states have signed into law or are intending to enact laws relating to personal information. The U.S. federal government may also pass data privacy laws. These regulations and legislative developments have potentially far-reaching consequences and may require us to modify our data management practices and incur substantial compliance expense.
Our failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations or other obligations to which we may be subject relating to personal data, or to protect personal data from unauthorized access, use, or other processing, could result in enforcement actions and regulatory investigations against us, claims for damages by customers and other affected individuals, fines, damage to our reputation, and loss of goodwill, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our operations, financial performance, and business.
If we have insufficient proprietary rights or if we fail to protect those we have, our business would be materially harmed. Our intellectual property rights may not be adequate to protect our products or product roadmaps.
We seek to protect our products and our product roadmaps in part by developing and/or securing proprietary rights relating to those products, including patents, trade secrets, know-how and continuing technological innovation. The steps taken by us to protect our intellectual property may not adequately prevent misappropriation or ensure that others will not develop competitive technologies or products. Other companies may be investigating or developing other technologies that are similar to our own. It is possible that patents may not be issued from any of our pending applications or those we may file in the future and, if patents are issued, the claims allowed may not be sufficiently broad to deter or prohibit others from making, using or selling products that are similar to ours. We do not own patents in every country in which we sell or distribute our products, and thus others may be able to offer identical products in countries where we do not have intellectual property protection. In addition, the laws of some territories in which our products are or may be developed, manufactured or sold, including Europe, Asia-Pacific or Latin America, may not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States.
Any patents issued to us may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented. Additionally, we are currently a licensee in all of our operating segments for a number of third-party technologies, software and intellectual property rights from academic institutions, our competitors and others, and are required to pay royalties to these licensors for the use thereof. Unless we are able to obtain such licenses on commercially reasonable terms, patents or other intellectual property held by others could inhibit our development of new products, impede the sale of some of our current products, substantially increase the cost to provide these products to our customers, and could have a significant adverse impact on our operating results. In the past, licenses generally have been available to us where third-party technology was necessary or useful for the development or production of our products. In the future licenses to third-party technology may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all.
Our products may be subject to claims that they infringe the intellectual property rights of others.
Lawsuits and allegations of patent infringement and violation of other intellectual property rights occur in our industry on a regular basis. We have received in the past, and anticipate that we will receive in the future, notices from third parties claiming that our products infringe their proprietary rights. Over the past several years there has been a marked increase in the number and potential severity of third-party patent infringement claims, primarily from two distinct sources. First, large technology companies, including some of our customers and competitors, are seeking to monetize their patent portfolios and have developed large internal organizations that have approached us with demands to enter into license agreements. Second, patent-holding companies, entities that do not make or sell products (often referred to as “patent trolls”), have claimed that our products infringe upon their proprietary rights. We will continue to respond to these claims in the course of our business operations. In the past, the resolution of these disputes has not had a material adverse impact on our business or financial condition; however, this may not be the case in the future. Further, the litigation or settlement of these matters, regardless of the merit of the claims, could result in significant expense to us and divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel, whether or not we are successful. If we are unsuccessful, we could be required to expend significant resources to develop non-infringing technology or to obtain licenses to the technology that is the subject of the litigation. We may not be successful in such development, or such licenses may not be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Without such a license, we could be enjoined from future sales of the infringing product or products, which could adversely affect our revenues and operating results.
The use of open-source software in our products, as well as those of our suppliers, manufacturers and customers, may expose us to additional risks and harm our intellectual property position.
Certain of the software and/or firmware that we use and distribute (as well as that of our suppliers, manufacturers and customers) may be, be derived from, or contain, “open source” software, which is software that is generally made available to the public by its authors and/or other third parties. Such open-source software is often made available under licenses which impose obligations in the event the software or derivative works thereof are distributed or re-distributed. These obligations may require us to make source code for the derivative works available to the public, and/or license such derivative works under a particular type of license, rather than the forms of license customarily used to protect our own software products. While we believe we have complied with our obligations under the various applicable licenses for open-source software, in the event that a court rules that these licenses are unenforceable, or in the event the copyright holder of any open source software were to successfully establish in court that we had not complied with the terms of a license for a particular work, we could be required to release the source code of that work to the public and/or stop distribution of that work. Additionally, open-source licenses are subject to occasional revision. In the event future iterations of open-source software are made available under a revised license, such license revisions may adversely affect our ability to use such future iterations.
Environmental, Social and Governance Risks
We may be subject to environmental liabilities which could increase our expenses and harm our operating results.
We are subject to various federal, state and foreign laws and regulations governing the environment, including those governing pollution and protection of human health and the environment and, recently, those restricting the presence of certain substances in electronic products and holding producers of those products financially responsible for the collection, treatment, recycling and disposal of certain products. Such laws and regulations have been passed in several jurisdictions in which we operate, are often complex and are subject to frequent changes. We will need to ensure that we comply with such laws and regulations as they are enacted, as well as all environmental laws and regulations, and as appropriate or required, that our component suppliers also comply with such laws and regulations. If we fail to comply with such laws, we could face sanctions for such noncompliance, and our customers may refuse to purchase our products, which would have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
With respect to compliance with environmental laws and regulations in general, we have incurred, and in the future could incur, substantial costs for the cleanup of contaminated properties, either those we own or operate or to which we have sent wastes in the past, or to comply with such environmental laws and regulations. Additionally, we could be subject to disruptions to our operations and logistics as a result of such clean-up or compliance obligations. If we were found to be in violation of these laws, we could be subject to governmental fines and liability for damages resulting from such violations. If we have to make significant capital expenditures to comply with environmental laws, or if we are subject to significant expenditures in connection with a violation of these laws, our financial condition or operating results could be materially adversely impacted.
Natural Disasters and Catastrophic Events
We operate in geographic regions which face a number of climate and environmental challenges. Our new corporate headquarters are located in Scottsdale, Arizona, a desert climate, subject to extreme heat and drought. The geographic location of our Northern California offices and production facilities subject them to earthquake and wildfire risks. It is impossible to predict the timing, magnitude or location of such natural disasters or their impacts on the local economy and on our operations. If a major earthquake, wildfire or other natural disaster were to damage or destroy our facilities or manufacturing equipment, we may experience potential impacts ranging from production and shipping delays to lost profits and revenues. In October 2017 and again in October 2019, we temporarily closed our Santa Rosa, California facility resulting in production stoppage, due to wildfires in the region and the facility’s close proximity to the wildfire evacuation zone. The location of our production facility could subject us to production delays and/or equipment and property damage. Moreover, in October 2019, Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E), the public electric utility in our Northern California region, commenced planned widespread blackouts during the peak wildfire season to avoid and contain wildfires sparked during strong wind events by downed power lines or equipment failure. While we have not experienced damage to our facilities or a material disruption to operations as a result of these power outages, ongoing blackouts, particularly if prolonged or frequent, could impact our operations going forward.
Management Transitions and Talent Retention Create Uncertainties and Could Harm our Business.
Amar Maletira became our Chief Financial Officer in September 2015. Mr. Maletira announced his resignation effective November 20, 2020 to pursue a new opportunity and the Company appointed an interim CFO while commencing a formal search for Mr. Maletira’s successor. In March 2021, Henk Derksen joined the Company as CFO. Management changes could adversely impact our results of operations and our customer relationships and may make recruiting for future management positions more difficult. Our executives and other key personnel are at-will employees and we generally do not have employment or non-compete agreements with our other employees, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to retain them. Competition for people with the specific technical and other skills we require is significant. Moreover, we may face new and unanticipated difficulties in attracting, retaining and motivating employees in connection with the recent change of our headquarters to Scottsdale, Arizona, effective January 1, 2021. If we are unable to attract and retain qualified executives and employees, or to successfully integrate any newly hired personnel within our organization, we may be unable to achieve our operating objectives, which could negatively impact our financial performance and results of operations.
Risks Related to our Liquidity and Indebtedness
Any deterioration or disruption of the capital and credit markets may adversely affect our access to sources of funding.
Global economic conditions have caused and may cause volatility and disruptions in the capital and credit markets. When the capital or credit markets deteriorate or are disrupted, our ability to incur additional indebtedness to fund a portion of our working capital needs and other general corporate purposes, or to refinance maturing obligations as they become due, may be constrained. In the event that we were to seek to access the capital markets or other sources of financing, there can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain financing on acceptable terms or within an acceptable time, if at all. We may seek to access the capital or credit markets whenever conditions are favorable, even if we do not have an immediate need for additional capital at that time. Our access to the financial markets and the pricing and terms we receive in the financial markets could be adversely impacted by various factors, including changes in financial markets and interest rates. In addition, if we do access the capital or credit markets, agreements governing any borrowing arrangement could contain covenants restricting our operations.
In March 2017, we issued $460.0 million of 1.00% Senior Convertible Notes due 2024, and in May 2018 we issued $225.0 million of 1.75% Senior Convertible Notes due 2023. The issuance of the Notes increases our overall leverage and could dilute our existing stockholders and lower our reported earnings per share.
We issued $460.0 million of indebtedness in March 2017 in the form of 1.00% Senior Convertible Notes due 2024 (the 2024 Notes). In May 2018, we issued $225.0 million of indebtedness in the form of 1.75% Senior Convertible Notes due 2023 (the 2023 Notes, and, together with the 2024 Notes, the Notes). The issuance of the Notes substantially increased our principal payment obligations. The degree to which we are leveraged could materially and adversely affect our ability to successfully obtain financing for working capital, acquisitions or other purposes and could make us more vulnerable to industry downturns and competitive pressures. In addition, the holders of the Notes are entitled to convert the Notes into shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of common stock under certain circumstances which would dilute our existing stockholders and lower our reported per share earnings.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, the closing price of our common stock exceeded 130% of the applicable conversion price of the 2024 Notes, on at least 20 of the last 30 consecutive trading days of the quarter, causing the 2024 Notes to be convertible by their holders for the period of July 1, 2021 to September 30, 2021, resulting in a reclassification of the 2024 Notes to short-term debt. Settlement of conversion of the 2024 Notes is in cash for the principal amount and, if applicable, cash and/or shares of our common stock for any conversion premium at our election.
Our ability to make payments on our indebtedness when due, to make payments upon conversion with respect to our convertible senior notes or to refinance our indebtedness as we may need or desire, depends on our future performance and our ability to generate cash flow from operations, which is subject to economic, financial, competitive and other factors beyond our control. If we are unable to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as reducing or delaying investments or capital expenditures, selling assets, refinancing or obtaining additional equity capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. We may not be able to engage in these activities on desirable terms or at all, which may result in a default on our existing or future indebtedness and harm our financial condition and operating results.
The elimination of LIBOR after June 2023 may affect our financial results.
All LIBOR tenors relevant to us will cease to be published or will no longer be representative after June 30, 2023. This means that any of our LIBOR-based borrowings that extend beyond June 30, 2023 will need to be converted to a replacement rate. In the U.S., the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (AARC), a committee of private sector entities convened by the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, has recommended the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) plus a recommended spread adjustment as LIBOR's replacement. There are significant differences between LIBOR and SOFR, such as LIBOR being an unsecured lending rate while SOFR is a secured lending rate, and SOFR is an overnight rate while LIBOR reflects term rates at different maturities. If our LIBOR-based borrowings are converted to SOFR, the differences between LIBOR and SOFR, plus the recommended spread adjustment, could result in interest costs that are higher than if LIBOR remained available, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results. Although SOFR is the ARRC's recommended replacement rate, it is also possible that lenders may instead choose alternative replacement rates that may differ from LIBOR in ways similar to SOFR or in other ways that would result in higher interest costs for us. It is not yet possible to predict the magnitude of LIBOR's end on our borrowing costs given the remaining uncertainty about which rates will replace LIBOR.
Tax Risks
Our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards to offset future taxable income may be subject to certain limitations.
Utilization of our NOLs and tax credit carryforwards may be subject to a substantial annual limitation if the ownership change limitations under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code and similar state provisions are triggered by changes in the ownership of our capital stock. In general, an ownership change occurs if there is a cumulative change in our ownership by “5-percent shareholders” that exceeds 50 percentage points over a rolling three-year period. Similar rules may apply under state tax laws. Accordingly, purchases of our capital stock by others could limit our ability to utilize our NOLs and tax credit carryforwards in the future.
Furthermore, we may not be able to generate sufficient taxable income to utilize our NOLs and tax credit carryforwards before they expire. Due to uncertainty regarding the timing and extent of our future profitability, we continue to record a valuation allowance to offset our U.S. and certain of our foreign deferred tax assets because of uncertainty related to our ability to utilize our NOLs and tax credit carryforwards before they expire.
If any of these events occur, we may not derive some or all of the expected benefits from our NOLs and tax credit carryforwards.
General Risks
Failure to maintain effective internal controls may adversely affect our stock price.
Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and to effectively prevent fraud. We are required to annually evaluate the effectiveness of the design and operation of our internal controls over financial reporting. Based on these evaluations, we may conclude that enhancements, modifications, or changes to internal controls are necessary or desirable. In addition, our independent registered public accounting firm must report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. While management evaluates the effectiveness of our internal controls on a regular basis, these controls may not always be effective. A material weakness in our internal controls has been identified in the past, and we cannot assure you that we or our independent registered public accounting firm will not identify a material weakness in our internal controls in the future. A material weakness in our internal controls over financial reporting would require management and our independent registered public accounting firm to evaluate our internal controls as ineffective. If our internal controls over financial reporting are not considered effective, we may experience a loss of public confidence, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and the market price of our common stock and other securities.
Impairment in the carrying value of goodwill or other assets could negatively affect our results of operations or net worth.
We have significant long-lived assets recorded on our balance sheet. We evaluate intangible assets and goodwill for impairment at least annually, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. We monitor factors or indicators, such as unfavorable variances from forecasted cash flows, established business plans or volatility inherent to external markets and industries that would require an impairment test. We have in the past and may in the future experience impairment charges to goodwill. The amount of any impairment charge could be significant and could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations for the period in which the charge is taken. In addition, the economic disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic could also adversely impact the impairment risks for certain long-lived assets, equity method investments and goodwill. Refer to Note 9 and Note 10 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements and “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for further discussion of the impairment testing of goodwill and long-lived assets.
Our actual operating results may differ significantly from our guidance.
We release guidance in our quarterly earnings conference calls, quarterly earnings releases, or otherwise, regarding our future performance that represents our management’s estimates as of the date of release. This guidance, which includes forward-looking statements, will be based on projections prepared by our management.
Such projections are based upon a number of assumptions and estimates that, while presented with numerical specificity, are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control and are based upon specific assumptions with respect to future business decisions, some of which will change.
Guidance is necessarily speculative in nature, and it can be expected that some or all of the assumptions underlying the guidance furnished by us will not materialize or will vary significantly from actual results. Accordingly, our guidance is only an estimate of what management believes is realizable as of the date of release. Actual results may vary from our guidance and the variations may be material. In light of the foregoing, investors are urged not to rely upon our guidance in making an investment decision regarding our common stock.
Any failure to successfully implement our operating strategy or the occurrence of any of the events or circumstances set forth in this “Risk Factors” section in this Annual Report on Form 10-K could result in the actual operating results being different from our guidance, and the differences may be adverse and material.
Certain provisions in our charter and under Delaware laws could hinder a takeover attempt.
We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law prohibiting, under some circumstances, publicly-held Delaware corporations from engaging in business combinations with some stockholders for a specified period of time without the approval of the holders of substantially all of our outstanding voting stock. Such provisions could delay or impede the removal of incumbent directors and could make more difficult a merger, tender offer or proxy contest involving us, even if such events could be beneficial, in the short-term, to the interests of the stockholders. In addition, such provisions could limit the price that some investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions providing for the limitations of liability and indemnification of our directors and officers, allowing vacancies on our Board of Directors to be filled by the vote of a majority of the remaining directors, granting our Board of Directors the authority to establish additional series of preferred stock and to designate the rights, preferences and privileges of such shares (commonly known as “blank check preferred”) and providing that our stockholders can take action only at a duly called annual or special meeting of stockholders, which may only be called by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the Board of Directors. These provisions may also have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or change in our management.
We face certain litigation risks that could harm our business.
We are and may become subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in or outside the ordinary course of business. The results of complex legal proceedings are difficult to predict. Moreover, many of the complaints filed against us do not specify the amount of damages that plaintiffs seek, and we therefore are unable to estimate the possible range of damages that might be incurred should these lawsuits be resolved against us. While we are unable to estimate the potential damages arising from such lawsuits, certain of them assert types of claims that, if resolved against us, could give rise to substantial damages. Thus, an unfavorable outcome or settlement of one or more of these lawsuits could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity and results of operations. Even if these lawsuits are not resolved against us, the uncertainty and expense associated with unresolved lawsuits could seriously harm our business, financial condition and reputation. Litigation is costly, time-consuming and disruptive to normal business operations. The costs of defending these lawsuits have been significant, will continue to be costly and may not be covered by our insurance policies. The defense of these lawsuits could also result in continued diversion of our management’s time and attention away from business operations, which could harm our business. For additional discussion regarding litigation, see “Legal Proceedings” in Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Not applicable.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The information set forth under the heading “Legal Proceedings” in Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Report is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol (VIAV). The closing price on July 31, 2021, was $16.69.
As of July 31, 2021, we had 2,072 holders of record of our common stock. We have not paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
During fiscal 2021, we repurchased and retired shares of our common stock pursuant to the stock repurchase program authorized by the Board of Directors. Refer to “Note 15. Stockholders' Equity” of Item 8 for more details.
STOCK PERFORMANCE GRAPH
The information contained in the following graph shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates it by reference in such filing.
The following graph and table set forth the total cumulative return, assuming reinvestment of dividends, on an investment of $100 in June 2016 and ending June 2021 in: (i) our Common Stock, (ii) the S&P 500 Index, (iii) the Nasdaq Stock Market (U.S.) Index, and (iv) the Nasdaq Telecommunications Index. Historical stock price performance is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.
*$100 invested on 6/30/16 in stock or index.
6/2016 6/2017 6/2018 6/2019 6/2020 6/2021
VIAVI $ 100.00 $ 158.82 $ 154.45 $ 200.45 $ 188.54 $ 263.50
S&P 500 $ 100.00 $ 115.46 $ 129.52 $ 140.16 $ 143.37 $ 207.37
Nasdaq Composite $ 100.00 $ 126.80 $ 155.09 $ 165.33 $ 201.48 $ 302.30
Nasdaq Telecommunications $ 100.00 $ 113.80 $ 134.59 $ 158.43 $ 161.18 $ 205.28

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Pursuant to the amendments adopted to eliminate the requirements under Item 301 of Regulation S-K, we have omitted selected historical financial data for our business over the last five fiscal year periods.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, particularly in “Risk Factors” and “Forward-Looking Statements.”
Our Industries and Developments
Viavi Solutions Inc. (VIAVI, also referred to as the Company, we, our, and us) is a global provider of network test, monitoring and assurance solutions for communications service providers (CSPs), enterprises, network equipment manufacturers (NEMs), original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), government and avionics. We help these customers harness the power of instruments, automation, intelligence and virtualization to Command the network. VIAVI is also a leader in management solutions for 3D sensing, anti-counterfeiting, consumer electronics, industrial, aerospace, automotive and medical applications.
To serve our markets, during fiscal 2021 we operated the following business segments:
•Network Enablement (NE);
•Service Enablement (SE); and
•Optical Security and Performance Products (OSP).
Refer to “Item 1 Business” for information related to our business segments.
COVID-19 Pandemic Update
The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted authorities worldwide to implement measures to contain the virus, which include and are not limited to, travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, shelter-in-place orders, temporary business closures among others. The COVID-19 pandemic and these aforementioned measures, have had and continue to have, a substantial macroeconomic impact on businesses and economies worldwide. These conditions may continue and could result in an adverse impact to our operations.
Worldwide distribution by central governments of the vaccines commenced in late 2020. There have been logistical and operational challenges with the rollout and global demand for the vaccine has far exceeded supply. It will take some time for the global population to receive vaccines, allowing for widespread immunity to develop. At the same time, new and potentially more contagious variants of the virus are developing in several countries and regions in which we operate.
Our priority during the COVID-19 pandemic has remained focused on protecting the health and safety of our employees, customers, suppliers, and communities, including implementing early and regular updates to our health and safety policies and procedures. We continued to follow the strict COVID-19 pandemic protocols as required by local, state and federal guidelines during the fiscal first half of 2021 and began to relax these restrictions based on government guidelines during the fiscal second half 2021. These COVID-19 pandemic protocols have not thus far had a substantial net impact on our liquidity position. We continue to generate operating cash flows to meet our short-term liquidity needs, and we expect to maintain access to the capital markets. To date, we have not observed any material or materially adverse indication of impairments under the authoritative guidance, to any of our assets or a significant change to the fair value of assets due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
We have experienced and may continue to experience disruption of our facilities, suppliers and contract manufacturers, which has impacted and may continue to negatively impact our sales and operating results. In addition, we have experienced and may continue to experience shipping and logistics challenges as many of our customers have also closed their facilities and are operating under similar restrictions. NSE has experienced some impact to customer demand. Customer demand will continue to be challenging to calibrate, due to the nature and timing of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, we operate a shared services center in Pune, India that provides important finance and IT support services. The recent substantial increase of reported COVID-19 transmission rates in that country due to the emergence of a more virulent variant of the virus has led to a significant spike in illness and death rates. If the situation in India does not improve, our operations and employees there could be negatively impacted. We will continue to take the measures described above to ensure the health and safety of our employees and those they come in contact with.
We have a global supply chain footprint with our primary manufacturing partners located in China, France, Germany, United Kingdom and the United States. We have experienced increased freight and logistics costs due to supply chain shortages resulting in extended lead times with respect to our NE Field Instrument products. Our supply chain team has been working to meet our customer needs by executing on a risk mitigation plan, including multi-sourcing, pre-ordering components, transforming our logistics network, prioritizing critical customers, working with local government agencies to understand challenges, and partnering on solutions that limit disruptions to our operations while ensuring the safety of our employees, partners and suppliers. Nonetheless, surges in infection rate, new shutdowns, emergence of new and potentially more contagious variants of the virus and the slow pace of vaccine rollout may impact our suppliers and our ability to source materials in a timely manner. COVID-19 has brought unprecedented challenges, we believe that we have a robust and adaptable supply chain. While our industry faced supply chain challenges resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic such as diminished manufacturing capacity and materials shortages resulted in extended lead-times, increased logistics costs, and product volume impact these factors did not materially impact our business in fiscal year 2021.
While capital markets and worldwide economies have stabilized and recovered since being significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, on June 8, 2020 the National Bureau of Economic Research announced that the U.S. was in a recession. As the pandemic spread across the globe in Spring 2020, there was a tightening of the credit markets. We entered into a $300 million secured credit facility in May 2020 to strengthen our liquidity position but have not drawn on this facility to date. If there is a prolonged global recession, we could face future liquidity challenges and may not be able to obtain additional financing on favorable terms or at all.
Despite the continued challenges that we are facing due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we remain confident that the actions that we are taking to manage such challenges, combined with our strong liquidity, position us well to navigate through the current economic environment and continue to execute on our long-term value creation strategy. We expect our principal growth drivers, 5G Wireless, Fiber and 3D Sensing to continue driving growth and profitability in fiscal 2022.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to “Note 2. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements” under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, regarding the effect of certain recent accounting pronouncements on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP), which require management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, net revenue and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Our estimates are based on historical experience and assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. We believe that the accounting estimates employed and the resulting balances are reasonable; however, actual results may differ from these estimates and such differences may be material. We believe the following critical accounting policies are affected by significant estimates, assumptions or judgments used in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Revenue Recognition
We derive revenue from a diverse portfolio of network solutions and optical technology products and services, as follows:
•Products: NE and SE products include instruments, microprobes and perpetual software licenses that support the development, production, maintenance and optimization of network systems. Our OSP products include proprietary pigments used for optical security and product enhancement applications as well as optical filters and Engineered Diffusers™ used in a range of applications for the consumer electronics, government, automotive and industrial markets.
•Services: We also offer a range of product support and professional services designed to comprehensively address customer requirements. These include repair, calibration, extended warranty, software support, technical assistance, training and consulting services. Implementation services provided in conjunction with hardware or software solution projects include sale of the products along with project management, set-up and installation.
Steps of revenue recognition
We account for revenue in accordance with the revenue standard, in which the following five steps are applied to recognize revenue:
1.Identify the contract with a customer: Generally, we consider customer purchase orders which, in some cases are governed by master sales or other purchase agreements, to be the customer contract. All of the following criteria must be met before we consider an agreement to qualify as a contract with a customer under the revenue standard: (i) it must be approved by all parties; (ii) each party’s rights regarding the goods and services to be transferred can be identified; (iii) the payment terms for the goods and services can be identified; (iv) the customer has the ability and intent to pay and collection of substantially all of the consideration is probable; and, (v) the agreement has commercial substance. We exercise reasonable judgment to determine the customer’s ability and intent to pay, which is based upon various factors, including the customer’s historical payment experience or credit and financial information and credit risk management measures that we implement.
2.Identify the performance obligations in the contract: We assess whether each promised good or service is distinct for the purpose of identifying the various performance obligations in each contract. Promised goods and services are considered distinct provided that: (i) the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer; and (ii) our promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable or distinct from other promises in the contract. Our performance obligations consist of a variety of products and services offerings, which include networking equipment; proprietary pigment; optical filters; proprietary software licenses; and support and maintenance, which includes hardware support that extends beyond our standard warranties, software maintenance, installation, professional and implementation services, and training.
Identifying and evaluating whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations may require significant judgment particularly in NSE due to the underlying nature of the product and service offerings. We may enter into contracts that involve a significant level of integration and interdependency between a software license and installation services. Judgment may be required to determine whether the software license is considered distinct in the context of the contract and accounted for separately, or not distinct in the context of the contract and accounted for together with the installation service.
3.Determine the transaction price: Transaction price reflects the amount of consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to the customer. Our contracts may include terms that could cause variability in the transaction price, including rebates, sales returns, market incentives and volume discounts. Variable consideration is generally accounted for at the portfolio level and estimated based on historical information. If a contract includes a variable amount, the price adjustments are estimated at contract inception. In both cases, estimates are updated at the end of each reporting period as additional information becomes available.
4.Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract: If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to that performance obligation. Many of our contracts include multiple performance obligations with a combination of distinct products and services, maintenance and support, professional services and/or training. Contracts may also include rights or options to acquire future products and/or services, which are accounted for as separate performance obligations by us, only if the right or option provides the customer with a material right that it would not receive without entering into the contract. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we allocate the total transaction value to each distinct performance obligation based on relative standalone selling price (SSP). Judgment is required to determine the SSP for each distinct performance obligation. The best evidence of SSP is the observable price of a good or service when we sell that good or service separately under similar circumstances to similar customers. If a directly observable price is not available, the SSP must be estimated based on multiple factors including, but not limited to, historical pricing practices, internal costs, and profit objectives as well as overall market conditions.
5.Recognize revenue when (or as) performance obligations are satisfied: Revenue is recognized at the point in time control is transferred to the customer. For hardware sales, transfer of control to the customer typically occurs at the point the product is shipped or delivered to the customer’s designated location. For software license sales, transfer of control to the customer typically occurs upon shipment, electronic delivery, or when the software is available for download by the customer. For sales of implementation service and solution contracts or in instances where software is sold along with essential installation services, transfer of control occurs and revenue is typically recognized upon customer acceptance. In certain instances, acceptance is deemed to have occurred if all acceptance provisions lapse, or if we have evidence that all acceptance provisions will be, or have been, satisfied. For fixed-price support and extended warranty contracts, or certain software arrangements, which provide customers with a right to access over a discrete period, control is deemed to transfer over time and revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term due to the stand-ready nature of the performance obligation. Revenue from hardware repairs and calibration services outside of an extended warranty or support contract is recognized at the time of completion of the related service. For other professional services or time-based labor contracts, revenue is recognized as we perform the services and the customers receive and/or consume the benefits.
Business Combinations
We use the acquisition method of accounting under the authoritative guidance on business combinations. Each acquired company’s operating results are included in our Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on the date of acquisition. The purchase price is equivalent to the fair value of consideration transferred. Tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition are recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Goodwill is recognized for the excess of purchase price over the net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed.
The allocation of purchase price requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions in determining the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. With respect to intangible assets, critical estimates in valuing intangible assets include, but are not limited to, future cash flows from customer relationships, developed technology, trade names, acquired patents and discount rates. Management estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable. Unanticipated events and circumstances may occur which may affect the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, estimates or actual results.
Goodwill Valuation
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid over the net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. We test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level at least annually, during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstance indicate that the asset may be impaired.
The accounting guidance provides us the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary. The qualitative assessment considers events and circumstances that might indicate that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carry amount. These events and circumstances include macro-economic conditions, such as a significant adverse change in our operating environment, industry or market considerations; entity-specific events such as increasing costs, declining financial performance, or loss of key personnel; or other events, such as the sale of a reporting unit, adverse regulatory developments or a sustained decrease in our stock price.
If it is determined, as a result of the qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative test is required. Otherwise, no further testing is required.
Under the quantitative test, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as impairment of goodwill. Measurement of the fair value of a reporting unit is based on one or more of the following fair value measures: (i) using present value techniques of estimated future cash flows; (ii) using valuation techniques based on multiples of earnings or revenue; or, (iii) a similar performance measure.
Application of the goodwill impairment test requires judgments, including identification of the reporting units, assigning assets and liabilities to reporting units, assigning goodwill to reporting units, a qualitative assessment to determine whether there are any impairment indicators and determining the fair value of each reporting unit. We generally estimate the fair value of a reporting unit using a combination of the income approach, which estimates the fair value based on the future discounted cash flows, and the market approach, which estimates the fair value based on comparable market prices. Our significant estimates in the income approach include our weighted average cost of capital, long-term rate of growth and profitability of the reporting unit’s business and working capital effects. The market approach estimates the fair value of the business based on a comparison of the reporting unit to comparable publicly traded companies in similar lines of business. Significant estimates in the market approach include identifying similar companies with comparable business factors such as size, growth, profitability, risk and return on investment, and assessing comparable revenue and operating income multiples in estimating the fair value of the reporting unit.
We base our estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions about the future that we believe are reasonable based on available information. Unanticipated events and circumstances may occur that affect the accuracy of our assumptions, estimates and judgments. For example, if the price of our common stock were to significantly decrease combined with other adverse changes in market conditions, thus indicating that the underlying fair value of our reporting units may have decreased, we might be required to reassess the value of our goodwill in the period such circumstances were identified.
In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, we performed the goodwill impairment test in accordance with the authoritative guidance for NE, SE and OSP reporting units, and determined no indicator of impairment. Refer to “Note 9. Goodwill” under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information.
Income Taxes
In accordance with the authoritative guidance on accounting for income taxes, we recognize income taxes using an asset and liability approach. This approach requires the recognition of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our Consolidated Financial Statements or tax returns. The measurement of current and deferred taxes is based on provisions of the enacted tax law and the effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated.
The authoritative guidance provides for recognition of deferred tax assets if the realization of such deferred tax assets is more likely than not to occur based on an evaluation of both positive and negative evidence and the relative weight of the evidence. With the exception of certain international jurisdictions, we have determined that at this time it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets attributable to the remaining jurisdictions will not be realized, primarily due to uncertainties related to our ability to utilize our net operating loss carryforwards before they expire. Accordingly, we have established a valuation allowance for such deferred tax assets. If there is a change in our ability to realize our deferred tax assets for which a valuation allowance has been established, then our tax provision may decrease in the period in which we determine that realization is more likely than not. Likewise, if we determine that it is not more likely than not that our deferred tax assets will be realized, then a valuation allowance may be established for such deferred tax assets and our tax provision may increase in the period in which we make the determination.
The authoritative guidance on accounting for uncertainty in income taxes prescribes the recognition threshold and measurement attributes for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Additionally, it provides guidance on recognition, classification and disclosure of tax positions. We are subject to income tax audits by the respective tax authorities in all of the jurisdictions in which we operate. The determination of tax liabilities in each of these jurisdictions requires the interpretation and application of complex and sometimes uncertain tax laws and regulations. We recognize liabilities based on our estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional tax liabilities are more likely than not. If we ultimately determine that the payment of such a liability is not necessary, then we reverse the liability and recognize a tax benefit during the period in which the determination is made that the liability is no longer necessary.
The recognition and measurement of current taxes payable or refundable and deferred tax assets and liabilities requires that we make certain estimates and judgments. Changes to these estimates or a change in judgment may have a material impact on our tax provision in a future period.
Contingencies
We are subject to various potential loss contingencies arising in the ordinary course of business. In determining a loss contingency, we consider the likelihood of loss or impairment of an asset or the incurrence of a liability, as well as its ability to reasonably estimate the amount of loss. An estimated loss is accrued when it is probable that an asset has been impaired, a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. We regularly evaluate current information available to determine whether such accruals should be adjusted and whether new accruals are required.
Contingent liabilities include contingent consideration in connection with our acquisitions, which represent earn-out payments recognized at fair value on the acquisition date and remeasured each reporting period with subsequent adjustments recognized in the Selling, General and Administrative (SG&A) expense of our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Contingent consideration is valued using significant inputs that are not observable in the market pursuant to fair value measurement accounting. While we believe the estimates and assumptions are reasonable, there is significant judgment and uncertainty involved.
Pursuant to instruction 1 of the instructions to paragraph 303(a) of Regulation S-K, discussion of the results of operations for the fiscal year ended June 27, 2020 and fiscal year ended June 29, 2019 has been omitted. Such omitted discussion can be found under Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 27, 2020, filed with the SEC on August 24, 2020.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The results of operations for the current period are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for future periods. The following table summarizes selected Consolidated Statements of Operations items as a percentage of net revenue:
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Segment net revenue:
Network Enablement 62.3 % 65.7 % 65.3 %
Service Enablement 7.6 9.0 9.1
Optical Security and Performance 30.1 25.3 25.6
Net revenue 100.0 100.0 100.0
Cost of revenues 37.6 38.6 39.4
Amortization of acquired technologies 2.8 2.9 3.0
Gross profit 59.6 58.5 57.6
Operating expenses:
Research and development 16.9 17.0 16.5
Selling, general and administrative 28.2 27.7 30.4
Amortization of other intangibles 2.8 3.1 3.4
Restructuring and related (benefits) charges (0.1) 0.3 1.4
Total operating expenses 47.8 48.1 51.7
Income from operations 11.8 10.4 5.9
Interest income and other income, net 0.3 0.8 0.6
Interest expense (3.0) (2.9) (3.0)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes 9.1 8.3 3.5
Provision for income taxes 5.3 5.8 2.8
Income from continuing operations, net of taxes 3.8 2.5 0.7
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of taxes - - (0.2)
Net income 3.8 % 2.5 % 0.5 %
Financial Data for Fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019
The following table summarizes selected Consolidated Statement of Operations items (in millions, except for percentages):
2021 2020 Change Percent Change 2020 2019 Change Percent Change
Segment net revenue:
NE $746.6 $746.7 $(0.1) -% $746.7 $737.8 $8.9 1.2%
SE 91.3 102.7 (11.4) (11.1)% 102.7 103.4 (0.7) (0.7)%
OSP 361.0 286.9 74.1 25.8% 286.9 289.1 (2.2) (0.8)%
Net revenue $1,198.9 $1,136.3 $62.6 5.5% $1,136.3 $1,130.3 $6.0 0.5%
Amortization of acquired technologies $33.2 $32.7 $0.5 1.5% $32.7 $34.4 $(1.7) (4.9)%
Percentage of net revenue 2.8% 2.9% 2.9% 3.0%
Gross profit $714.4 $665.3 $49.1 7.4% $665.3 $651.4 $13.9 2.1%
Gross margin 59.6% 58.5% 58.5% 57.6%
Amortization of intangibles $33.3 $35.1 $(1.8) (5.1)% $35.1 $38.1 $(3.0) (7.9)%
Percentage of net revenue 2.8% 3.1% 3.1% 3.4%
Research and development $203.0 $193.6 $9.4 4.9% $193.6 $187.0 $6.6 3.5%
Percentage of net revenue 16.9% 17.0% 17.0% 16.5%
Selling, general and administrative $337.5 $315.0 $22.5 7.1% $315.0 $343.5 $(28.5) (8.3)%
Percentage of net revenue 28.2% 27.7% 27.7% 30.4%
Restructuring and related (benefits) charges $(1.6) $3.5 $(5.1) (145.7)% $3.5 $15.4 $(11.9) (77.3)%
Percentage of net revenue (0.1)% 0.3% 0.3% 1.4%
Interest and other income, net $3.3 $9.6 $(6.3) (65.6)% $9.6 $6.2 $3.4 54.8%
Percentage of net revenue 0.3% 0.8% 0.8% 0.6%
Interest expense $(36.1) $(33.7) $(2.4) 7.1% $(33.7) $(34.3) $0.6 (1.7)%
Percentage of net revenue (3.0)% (3.0)% (3.0)% (3.0)%
Provision for income taxes $63.3 $65.3 $(2.0) (3.1)% $65.3 $31.5 $33.8 107.3%
Percentage of net revenue 5.3% 5.8% 5.8% 2.8%
Foreign Currency Impact on Results of Operations
While the majority of our net revenue and operating expenses are denominated in U.S. dollar, a portion of our international operations are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Changes in foreign exchange rates may significantly affect revenue and expenses. While we use foreign currency hedging contracts to mitigate some foreign currency exchange risk, these activities are limited in the protection that they provide us and can themselves result in losses. We have presented below “constant dollar” comparisons of our net sales and operating expenses which exclude the impact of currency exchange rate fluctuations. Constant dollar net revenue and operating expenses are non-GAAP financial measures, which is information derived from consolidated financial information but not presented in our financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our management believes these non-GAAP measures, when considered in conjunction with the corresponding U.S. GAAP measures, may facilitate a better understanding of changes in net revenue and operating expenses.
Fiscal 2021 and 2020
If currency exchange rates had been constant in fiscal 2021 and 2020, our consolidated net revenue in “constant dollars” would have decreased by approximately $15.5 million, or 1.3% of net revenue, which primarily impacted our NE and SE segments. The impact of foreign currency fluctuations on net revenue was not indicative of the impact on net income due to the offsetting foreign currency impact on operating costs and expenses. If currency exchange rates had been constant in fiscal 2021 and 2020, our consolidated operating expenses in “constant dollars” would have decreased by approximately $9.8 million, or 0.8% of net revenue.
The Results of Operations are presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP and not using constant dollars. Refer to Item 7A “Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures about Market Risk” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further details on foreign currency instruments and our related risk management strategies.
Net Revenue
Revenue from our service offerings exceeds 10% of our total consolidated net revenue and is presented separately in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Service revenue primarily consists of maintenance and support, extended warranty, professional services and post-contract support in addition to other services such as calibration and repair services. When evaluating the performance of our segments, management focuses on total net revenue, gross profit and operating income and not the product or service categories. Consequently, the following discussion of business segment performance focuses on total net revenue, gross profit, and operating income consistent with our approach for managing the business.
Fiscal 2021 and 2020
Net revenue increased by $62.6 million, or 5.5%, during fiscal 2021 when compared to fiscal 2020. This increase was driven by strength in our OSP segment, partially offset by a decrease in our SE segment.
Product revenues increase by $46.2 million, or 4.6%, during fiscal 2021 when compared to fiscal 2020. During the period we realized strength from our OSP segment, which was offset by declines in our NE and SE segment as further discussed below.
Service revenues increased $16.4 million, or 12.5%, during fiscal 2021 when compared to fiscal 2020. This increase was primarily due to increased support revenue from our NE segment, primarily driven by increased support revenues from our Wireless and Legacy Assurance products offset by declines in our SE segment further discussed below.
NE net revenue remained relatively flat between periods despite the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown, which resulted in a significant decline in the first half of fiscal 2021 and was offset by a recovery in the second half. This was consistent across Field Instruments and Lab and Production Equipment.
SE net revenue decreased by $11.4 million, or 11.1%, during fiscal 2021 when compared to fiscal 2020. This was primarily driven by decreased volume in our Data Center and Growth Assurance products.
OSP net revenue increased by $74.1 million, or 25.8%, during fiscal 2021 when compared to fiscal 2020. This increase was primarily driven by growth in revenue from our Anti-Counterfeiting and 3D Sensing products.
Going forward, we expect to continue to encounter a number of industry and market risks and uncertainties that may limit our visibility, and consequently, our ability to predict future revenue, profitability and general financial performance, and that could create quarter over quarter variability in our financial measures. For example, while the majority of our net revenue and expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars, a portion of our international operations are denominated in foreign currencies. The strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies could negatively impact reported revenue.
Additionally, we have seen demand for our NE and SE products affected by macroeconomic uncertainty. We cannot predict when or to what extent these uncertainties will be resolved. Our revenues, profitability, and general financial performance may also be affected by: (a) pricing pressures due to, among other things, advanced chip component shortages, a highly concentrated customer base, increasing competition, particularly from Asia-based competitors, a general commoditization trend for certain products and increased freight and logistics costs; (b) product mix variability in our NE and SE markets, which affects revenue and gross margin; (c) fluctuations in customer buying patterns, which cause demand, revenue and profitability volatility; (d) the current trend of communication industry consolidation, which is expected to continue, that directly affects our NE and SE customer bases and adds additional risk and uncertainty to our financial and business projections; (e) the impact of ongoing global trade policies, political tensions between the U.S. and China, tariffs and sanctions; and, (f) regulatory or economic developments that slow or change the rate of adoption of 5G, 3D Sensing and other emerging secular technologies and platforms.
Revenue by Region
We operate in three geographic regions, including Americas, Asia-Pacific and Europe Middle East and Africa (EMEA). Net revenue is assigned to the geographic region and country where our product is initially shipped. For example, certain customers may request shipment of our product to a contract manufacturer in one country, which may differ from the location of their end customers. The following table presents net revenue by the three geographic regions we operate in and net revenue from countries that exceeded 10% of our total net revenue (in millions):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Americas:
United States $ 330.0 27.5 % $ 341.6 30.1 % $ 342.1 30.3 %
Other Americas 85.6 7.2 % 73.2 6.4 % 84.2 7.4 %
Total Americas $ 415.6 34.7 % $ 414.8 36.5 % $ 426.3 37.7 %
Asia-Pacific:
Greater China $ 277.0 23.1 % $ 245.7 21.6 % $ 216.6 19.1 %
Other Asia-Pacific 133.5 11.1 % 122.5 10.8 % 155.6 13.8 %
Total Asia-Pacific $ 410.5 34.2 % $ 368.2 32.4 % $ 372.2 32.9 %
EMEA:
Switzerland $ 76.6 6.4 % $ 64.6 5.7 % $ 97.0 8.6 %
Other EMEA 296.2 24.7 % 288.7 25.4 % 234.8 20.8 %
Total EMEA $ 372.8 31.1 % $ 353.3 31.1 % $ 331.8 29.4 %
Total net revenue $ 1,198.9 100.0 % $ 1,136.3 100.0 % $ 1,130.3 100.0 %
Net revenue from customers outside the Americas for the fiscal year ended 2021, represented 65.3% of net revenue, an increase of 1.8% year-over-year. This increase is primarily due to revenue growth in NE from EMEA and OSP from Asia-Pacific. We expect revenue from customers outside of the United States to continue to be an important part of our overall net revenue and an increasing focus for net revenue growth opportunities.
Gross Margin
Gross margin in fiscal 2021 increased by 1.1% to 59.6% from 58.5% in fiscal 2020. This increase was primarily driven by higher revenue volume, favorable product mix and improved factory utilization within our OSP segment. The increase was partially offset by gross margin reduction in our SE segment, further discussed in the Operating Segment Information section below.
As discussed in more detail under “Net Revenue” above, we sell products in certain markets that are consolidating, undergoing product, architectural and business model transitions, have high customer concentrations, are highly competitive (increasingly due to Asia-Pacific-based competition), are price sensitive and/or are affected by customer seasonal and mix variant buying patterns. We expect these factors to continue to result in variability of our gross margin.
Research and Development
R&D expense increased by $9.4 million, or 4.9%, during fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020. This increase was primarily driven by targeted investments to support increased demand in our growth products. As a percentage of net revenue R&D remained relatively flat during fiscal 2021 when compared to fiscal 2020.
We believe that continuing our investments in R&D is critical to attaining our strategic objectives. We plan to continue to invest in R&D and new products that will further differentiate us in the marketplace.
Selling, General and Administrative
SG&A expense increased by $22.5 million, or 7.1%, in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020. This increase was primarily due to a one-time decrease in the fair value of the earn-out liability of $29.6 million related to the RPC Photonics, Inc. (RPC) acquisition in fiscal year 2020, partially offset by continued reduction in net expenses driven by our on-going cost reduction efforts. As a percentage of net revenue, SG&A remained relatively flat at 28.2% in fiscal 2021.
We intend to continue to focus on reducing our SG&A expense as a percentage of net revenue. However, we have in the recent past experienced, and may continue to experience in the future, certain charges unrelated to our core operating performance, such as acquisitions and integration related expenses and litigation expenses, which could increase our SG&A expenses and potentially impact our profitability expectations in any particular quarter.
Amortization of Acquired Technologies and Intangibles
Amortization of acquired technologies and intangibles for fiscal 2021 decreased $1.3 million, or 1.9%, to $66.5 million from $67.8 million in fiscal 2020. This decrease is primarily due to the runoff of intangible assets becoming fully amortized in fiscal 2021.
Acquired In-Process Research and Development
In accordance with authoritative guidance, we recognize acquired in-process and development (IPR&D) at fair value as of the acquisition date, and subsequently account for it as an indefinite-lived intangible asset until completion or abandonment of the associated R&D efforts. We periodically review the stage of completion and likelihood of success of each IPR&D project. The nature of the efforts required to develop IPR&D projects into commercially viable products principally relates to the completion of all planning, designing, prototyping, verification and testing activities that are necessary to establish that the products can be produced to meet their design specifications, including functions, features and technical performance requirements.
Restructuring and Related Charges
From time to time we have initiated strategic restructuring events primarily intended to reduce costs, consolidate our operations, rationalize the manufacturing of our products and align our businesses in response to market conditions. During fiscal 2021, we recorded a net restructuring benefit of $1.6 million. As of July 3, 2021, the ending balance of our restructuring accrual was $0.5 million which is expected to be paid during fiscal 2022. We estimate annualized gross cost savings of approximately $33.7 million excluding any one-time charges as a result of the recent restructuring activities. Refer to “Note 13. Restructuring and Related Charges” under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information.
Interest Income and Other Income, Net
Interest income and other income, net was $3.3 million in fiscal 2021 as compared to $9.6 million in fiscal 2020. This $6.3 million decrease was primarily driven by $2.1 million unfavorable foreign exchange impact as the balance sheet hedging program provided a less favorable offset to the remeasurement of underlying foreign exchange exposures for fiscal 2021 and a decrease of $4.2 million in interest income due to lower yields on money market funds in which we invested excess cash during fiscal 2021 coupled with cash repatriation from a jurisdiction with relatively high interest rates to a jurisdiction with low interest rates prior to fiscal 2021.
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased by $2.4 million, or 7.1%, during fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020. This increase was primarily due to an increase in the commitment fee on unutilized portion of the revolving credit facility, an increase in the amortization of issuance costs related to the revolving credit facility as well as an increase in debt discount accretion on the 2023 Notes and 2024 Notes during the current period.
Provision for Income Tax
We recorded an income tax expense of $63.3 million for fiscal 2021. The expected tax expense derived by applying the federal statutory rate to our income before income taxes for fiscal 2021 differed from the income tax expense recorded primarily as a result of domestic and foreign losses that were not realized due to valuation allowances and to a $19.1 million charge related to the state tax impact of the internal intellectual property restructuring transactions.
On July 2, 2021, we completed a planned series of internal transactions restructuring certain of our intellectual properties. The result of which aligns the properties in a single entity which owns, manages, directs, and protects the properties, including but not limited to patents, product designs, processes, manufacturing technologies, know-how, and trade secrets. In conjunction with the internal restructuring, $2.3 billion ($482 million tax effected) of US federal net operating loss carryforwards were utilized, we recognized a new deferred tax asset relating to the book and tax basis difference of certain intangible assets of $589 million. Given the full valuation allowance that is carried on US deferred tax assets, the change in deferred taxes as a result of the transaction did not have a material impact on the financial statements. We recorded state tax expense including reserves for uncertain tax positions of $19.1 million related to this transaction.
Based on a jurisdiction by jurisdiction review of anticipated future income and due to the continued economic uncertainty in the industry, management has determined that in many of our jurisdictions, it is more likely than not that our net deferred tax assets will not be realized in those jurisdictions. During fiscal 2021, the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets decreased by $109.6 million primarily related to expiration of federal net operating losses, capital losses and federal research credits.
The decrease in income tax expense of $2.0M or 3.1% during fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020 was primarily driven by the lower differing impact from the aforementioned fiscal 2021 state tax charge of $19.1 million as compared to the $32.5 million charge in fiscal 2020 for withholding taxes expected to be paid on the repatriation of $324 million of foreign earnings that were no longer considered to be permanently reinvested. This reduction in charges was offset in part by increased income taxes resulting from higher earnings in fiscal 2021.
We are routinely subject to various federal, state and foreign audits by taxing authorities. We believe that adequate amounts have been provided for any adjustments that may result from these examinations.
Operating Segment Information (in millions):
2021 2020 Change Percentage Change 2020 2019 Change Percentage Change
NE
Net revenue $746.6 $746.7 $(0.1) -% $746.7 $737.8 $8.9 1.2%
Gross profit 474.2 482.4 (8.2) (1.7)% 482.4 473.3 9.1 1.9%
Gross margin 63.5% 64.6% 64.6% 64.2%
SE
Net revenue $91.3 $102.7 $(11.4) (11.1)% $102.7 $103.4 $(0.7) (0.7)%
Gross profit 59.9 68.8 (8.9) (12.9)% 68.8 71.0 (2.2) (3.1)%
Gross margin 65.6% 67.0% 67.0% 68.7%
NSE
Net revenue $837.9 $849.4 $(11.5) (1.4)% $849.4 $841.2 $8.2 1.0%
Operating income 92.2 108.8 (16.6) (15.3)% 108.8 99.6 9.2 9.2%
Operating margin 11.0% 12.8% 12.8% 11.8%
OSP
Net revenue $361.0 $286.9 $74.1 25.8% $286.9 $289.1 $(2.2) (0.8)%
Gross profit 218.1 153.0 65.1 42.5% 153.0 145.8 7.2 4.9%
Gross margin 60.4% 53.3% 53.3% 50.4%
Operating income 161.3 102.1 59.2 58.0% 102.1 98.0 4.1 4.2%
Operating margin 44.7% 35.6% 35.6% 33.9%
Network Enablement
NE gross margin decreased 1.1% during fiscal 2021 to 63.5% from 64.6% in fiscal 2020. This decrease is due to unfavorable product mix within Field Instruments.
Service Enablement
SE gross margin decreased 1.4% during fiscal 2021 to 65.6% from 67.0% in fiscal 2020. This decrease was primarily due to unfavorable product mix due to lower revenue volumes in Data Center.
Network and Service Enablement
NSE operating margin decreased 1.8% during fiscal 2021 to 11.0% from 12.8% in fiscal 2020. The decrease in operating margin was primarily driven by decreased revenue volumes and product mix in our NE and SE portfolios and higher operating expense from R&D which lead to a decline in our operating margin.
Optical Security and Performance Products
OSP gross margin increased by 7.1% during fiscal 2021 to 60.4% from 53.3% in fiscal 2020. This increase was primarily due to favorable product mix driven by higher revenue in Anti-Counterfeiting and 3D Sensing products and increased factory utilization.
OSP operating margin increased 9.1% during fiscal 2021 to 44.7% from 35.6% in fiscal 2020. The increase in operating margin was primarily due to higher gross margins.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We believe that our existing cash balances and investments will be sufficient to meet our liquidity and capital spending requirements over the next twelve months. However, there are a number of factors that could positively or negatively impact our liquidity position, including:
•Global economic conditions which affect demand for our products and services and impact the financial stability of our suppliers and customers;
•Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our financial condition;
•Changes in accounts receivable, inventory or other operating assets and liabilities which affect our working capital;
•Increase in capital expenditure to support the revenue growth opportunity of our business;
•Changes in customer payment terms and patterns, which typically results in customers delaying payments or negotiating favorable payment terms to manage their own liquidity positions;
•Timing of payments to our suppliers;
•Factoring or sale of accounts receivable;
•Volatility in fixed income and credit market which impact the liquidity and valuation of our investment portfolios;
•Volatility in foreign exchange market which impacts our financial results;
•Possible investments or acquisitions of complementary businesses, products or technologies;
•Issuance or repurchase of debt or equity securities, which may include open market purchases of our 2023 Notes and/or 2024 Notes prior to their maturity or of our common stock;
•Potential funding of pension liabilities either voluntarily or as required by law or regulation;
•Compliance with covenants and other terms and conditions related to our financing arrangements; and
•The risks and uncertainties detailed in Item 1A “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short Term Investments
Our cash and cash equivalents consist mainly of investments in institutional money market funds, short-term deposits held at major global financial institutions, and similar short duration instruments. Our strategy is focused on the preservation of capital and supporting our liquidity requirements that meet high credit quality standards, as specified in our investment policy approved by the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. Our investments in debt securities and marketable equity securities are primarily classified as available for sale or trading assets and are recorded at fair value. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments are recorded as other comprehensive (loss) income and are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. As of July 3, 2021, U.S. subsidiaries owned approximately 47.4% of our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and restricted cash. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruption in global capital markets and over time may impact our ability to obtain credit and/or negotiate acceptable financing terms.
As of July 3, 2021, the majority of our cash investments have maturities of 90 days or less and are of high credit quality. Nonetheless we could realize investment losses under adverse market conditions. During the twelve months ended July 3, 2021, we have not realized material investment losses but can provide no assurance that the value or the liquidity of our investments will not be impacted by adverse conditions in the financial markets. In addition, we maintain cash balances in operating accounts that are with third-party financial institutions. These balances in the U.S. may exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insurance limits. While we monitor the cash balances in our operating accounts and adjust the cash balances as appropriate, these cash balances could be impacted if the underlying financial institutions fail.
Revolving Credit Facility
On May 5, 2020, we entered into a credit agreement (the Credit Agreement) with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (Wells Fargo) as administrative agent, and other lender related parties. The Credit Agreement provides for a $300 million senior secured revolving credit facility, which matures on March 1, 2023. The Credit Agreement also provides that, under certain circumstances, we may incur term loans or increase the aggregate principal amount of revolving commitments by an aggregate amount of up to $200 million plus additional amounts so long as our secured net leverage ratio, determined on a pro forma basis does not exceed 1.50:1.00. The proceeds from the credit facility established under the Credit Agreement will be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes. The obligations under the Credit Agreement are secured by substantially all of our assets.
Amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement accrue interest at a rate equal to either, at our election, LIBOR plus a margin of 1.75% to 2.50% per annum, or a specified base rate plus a margin of 0.75% to 1.50%, in each case, depending on our consolidated secured leverage ratio. We are required to a pay commitment fee on the unutilized portion of the facility which ranges between 0.30% and 0.40% per annum depending on our consolidated secured leverage ratio. As of July 3, 2021, we had no amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement. Refer to “Note 11. Debt” under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information.
Year Ended July 3, 2021
As of July 3, 2021, our combined balance of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash increased by $161.0 million to $708.4 million from a balance of $547.4 million as of June 27, 2020.
Cash provided by operating activities was $243.3 million, consisted of net income of $46.1 million adjusted for non-cash or non-operating charges (e.g., depreciation, amortization of intangibles, stock-based compensation, amortization of debt issuance cost and discount and net change in fair value of contingent liabilities), including changes in deferred tax balances which totaled $173.5 million, offset by changes in operating assets and liabilities that provided $23.7 million. Changes in our operating assets and liabilities related primarily to an increase in accrued payroll and related expenses of $23.1 million due to timing of salary and related payments, a decrease in other current and non-current assets of $14.9 million, an increase in income taxes payable of $18.1, an increase in deferred revenue of $12.3 million, and an increase in accounts payable of $7.0 million driven by timing of purchases and related payments. This was partially offset by cash outflows from a decrease in accrued expenses and other current and non-current liabilities of $22.4 million, an increase in accounts receivable of $15.0 million, and an increase in inventories of $14.3 million.
Cash used in investing activities was $48.7 million, primarily related to $52.1 million of cash used for capital expenditures and $0.7 million cash used for acquisitions. This was partially offset by $4.1 million proceeds from sales of assets.
Cash used in financing activities was $58.8 million, primarily resulting from $42.2 million of cash used to repurchase common stock, $17.9 million in withholding tax payment on vesting of restricted stock awards, $2.8 million cash paid to settle assumed debt from an acquisition in fiscal year 2020, $1.2 million of cash used to pay acquisition related to contingent consideration, and $1.3 million payments related to financing obligations, including issuance costs. This was partially offset by $6.6 million in proceeds from the issuance of common stock under our employee stock purchase plan.
Contractual Obligations
The following summarizes our contractual obligations at July 3, 2021, and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow over the next five years (in millions):
Payments due by period
Total Less than
1 year 1 - 3 years 3 - 5 years More than
5 years
Asset retirement obligations-expected cash payments $ 3.7 $ 1.3 $ 0.6 $ 0.4 $ 1.4
Debt:
2023 1.75% senior convertible notes 225.0 - 225.0 - -
2024 1.00% senior convertible notes 460.0 460.0 - -
Estimated interest payments 23.2 9.5 13.7 - -
Purchase obligations (1)
187.6 178.8 7.9 0.9 -
Operating lease obligations (2)
50.3 11.7 16.2 8.7 13.7
Non-cancelable leaseback obligations (1)
28.8 2.9 4.8 4.9 16.2
Royalty payment 2.8 1.3 0.8 0.7 -
Pension and post-retirement benefit payments (3)
104.3 9.2 13.8 12.6 68.7
Total $ 1,085.7 $ 674.7 $ 282.8 $ 28.2 $ 100.0
(1)Refer to “Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies” for more information.
(2)Refer to “Note 12. Leases” for more information.
(3)Refer to “Note 17. Employee Pension and Other Benefit Plans” for more information.
Purchase obligations represent legally-binding commitments to purchase inventory and other commitments made in the normal course of business to meet operational requirements. Of the $187.6 million of purchase obligations as of July 3, 2021, $90.8 million are related to inventory and the other $96.8 million are non-inventory items.
As of July 3, 2021, our other non-current liabilities primarily relate to asset retirement obligations, pension and financing obligations which are presented in various lines in the preceding table.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As part of our ongoing business, we have not participated in transactions that generate material relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, as is defined in rules promulgated by the SEC, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
Employee Defined Benefit Plans and Other Post-retirement Benefits
We sponsor significant qualified and non-qualified pension plans for certain past and present employees in the U.K. and Germany. We also are responsible for the non-pension post-retirement benefit obligation assumed from a past acquisition. Most of these plans have been closed to new participants and no additional service costs are being accrued, except for certain plans in Germany assumed in connection with an acquisition during fiscal 2010.
The U.K. plan is partially funded and the other plans, which were initially established as “pay-as-you-go” plans, are unfunded. As of July 3, 2021, our pension plans were underfunded by $104.3 million since the Pension Benefit Obligation (PBO) exceeded the fair value of plan assets. Similarly, we had a liability of $0.4 million related to our non-pension post-retirement benefit plan.
We anticipate future annual outlays related to the German plans will approximate estimated future benefit payments. These future benefit payments have been estimated based on the same actuarial assumptions used to measure our projected benefit obligation and currently are forecasted to range between $5.1 million and $8.0 million per annum. In addition, we expect to contribute approximately $2.4 million to the U.K. plan during fiscal 2022.
During fiscal 2021, we (amounts represented as £ and $ denote GBP and USD, respectively) contributed £1.5 million or approximately $2.0 million, while in fiscal 2020, we contributed £0.5 million or approximately $0.6 million to its U.K. pension plan. These contributions allowed us to comply with regulatory funding requirements.
A key actuarial assumption in calculating the net periodic cost and the PBO is the discount rate. Changes in the discount rate impact the interest cost component of the net periodic benefit cost calculation and PBO due to the fact that the PBO is calculated on a net present value basis. Decreases in the discount rate will generally increase pre-tax cost, recognized expense and the PBO. Increases in the discount rate tend to have the opposite effect. We estimate a 50-basis point decrease or increase in the discount rate would cause a corresponding increase or decrease, respectively, in the PBO of approximately $9.0 million based upon data as of July 3, 2021.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Foreign Exchange Risk
We use foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge foreign currency risk associated with foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities, primarily certain short-term intercompany receivables and payables. Our foreign exchange forward contracts are accounted for as derivatives whereby the fair value of the contracts are reflected as other current assets or other current liabilities and the associated gains and losses are reflected in interest and other income, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Our hedging programs reduce, but do not eliminate, the impact of currency exchange rate movements. The gains and losses on those derivatives are expected to be offset by re-measurement gains and losses on the foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities.
As of July 3, 2021, we had forward contracts that were effectively closed but not settled with the counterparties by year end. The fair value of these contracts of $2.6 million and $1.4 million is reflected as prepayments and other current assets and other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of July 3, 2021, respectively.
The forward contracts outstanding and not effectively closed, with a term of less than 120 days, were transacted near year end; therefore, the fair value of the contracts is not significant. As of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, the notional amounts of the forward contracts that we held to purchase foreign currencies were $114.0 million and $146.4 million, respectively, and the notional amounts of forward contracts that we held to sell foreign currencies were $27.8 million and $22.0 million, respectively.
The counterparties to these hedging transactions are creditworthy multinational banks. The risk of counterparty nonperformance associated with these contracts is not considered to be material. Notwithstanding our efforts to mitigate some foreign exchange risks, we do not hedge all of our foreign currency exposures, and there can be no assurances that our mitigating activities related to the exposures that we do hedge will adequately protect us against the risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations.
Investments
Majority of our investments have maturities 90 days or less. Due to the short-term nature of these investments, we believe that we do not have any material exposure to changes in the fair value of our investments as a result of changes in interest rates. Changes in interest rates can affect the interest earned on our investments.
We seek to mitigate the credit risk of investments by holding high-quality, investment-grade debt instruments. We also seek to mitigate marketability risk by holding only highly liquid securities with active secondary or resale markets. However, the investments may decline in value or marketability due to changes in perceived credit quality or changes in market conditions.
Debt
The fair values of our 2023 and 2024 Notes are subject to interest rate and market price risk due to the convertible feature of the Notes and other factors. Generally, the fair value of fixed interest rate debt will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. The fair value of the Notes may also increase as the market price of our stock rises and decrease as the market price of our stock falls. Changes in interest rates and our stock price affect the fair value of the Notes but does not impact our financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, the closing price of our common stock exceeded 130% of the applicable conversion price of the 2024 Notes, on at least 20 of the last 30 consecutive trading days of the quarter, causing the 2024 Notes to be convertible by their holders for the period of July 1, 2021 to September 30, 2021, resulting in a reclassification of the 2024 Notes to short-term debt. Settlement of conversion of the 2024 Notes is in cash for the principal amount and, if applicable, cash and/or shares of our common stock for any conversion premium at our election. As a result, we have reclassified the $414.2 million book value of the 2024 Notes to short-term debt and reclassified the difference in the book value and the face value of $45.8 million to temporary equity from permanent equity on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We are not aware of, nor do we expect, any conversion requests by holders as the market price of the 2024 Notes exceeds its conversion value.
Based on quoted market prices, as of July 3, 2021, the fair value of the 2023 Notes was $300.7 million and the fair value of the 2024 Notes was approximately $646.9 million. Refer to “Note 11. Debt” under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Viavi Solutions Inc.
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Viavi Solutions Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive income (loss), of stockholders’ equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended July 3, 2021, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of July 3, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended July 3, 2021 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of July 3, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.
Change in Accounting Principle
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for leases as of June 30, 2019.
Basis for Opinions
The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Revenue Recognition - Identifying and Evaluating Performance Obligations in Certain Customer Contracts in the Network Enablement and Service Enablement Reportable Segments
As described in Notes 1 and 19 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company had $1,198.9 million of revenue for the year ended July 3, 2021 of which $746.6 million and $91.3 million related to the Network Enablement and Service Enablement segments, respectively. The Company’s revenue recognition is determined by management through the following steps: 1) identification of the contract with a customer; 2) identification of the performance obligations in the contract; 3) determination of the transaction price; 4) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and 5) recognition of revenue when (or as) the performance obligations are satisfied. Certain of the Company’s contracts with customers include performance obligations consisting of a variety of products and services and may involve a significant level of integration and interdependency between performance obligations. Identifying and evaluating whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations may require significant management judgment, particularly in the Network Enablement and Service Enablement reportable segments due to the nature of the products and service offerings.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to revenue recognition - identifying and evaluating performance obligations in certain customer contracts in the Network Enablement and Service Enablement reportable segments is a critical audit matter are the significant judgment by management in identifying and evaluating performance obligations, which in turn led to a high degree of auditor judgment and effort in performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence obtained related to whether such performance obligations were appropriately identified and evaluated by management.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to the revenue recognition process, including controls related to the identification and evaluation of performance obligations in contracts with customers. These procedures also included, among others, testing on a sample basis, the completeness and accuracy of management’s identification and evaluation of performance obligations in certain customer contracts in the Network Enablement and Service Enablement reportable segments.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
San Jose, California
August 23, 2021
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2005.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in millions, except per share data)
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Revenues:
Product revenue $ 1,051.4 $ 1,005.2 $ 1,004.2
Service revenue 147.5 131.1 126.1
Total net revenue 1,198.9 1,136.3 1,130.3
Cost of revenues:
Product cost of revenue 391.7 388.5 394.8
Service cost of revenue 59.6 49.8 49.7
Amortization of acquired technologies 33.2 32.7 34.4
Total cost of revenues 484.5 471.0 478.9
Gross profit 714.4 665.3 651.4
Operating expenses:
Research and development 203.0 193.6 187.0
Selling, general and administrative 337.5 315.0 343.5
Amortization of other intangibles 33.3 35.1 38.1
Restructuring and related (benefits) charges (1.6) 3.5 15.4
Total operating expenses 572.2 547.2 584.0
Income from operations 142.2 118.1 67.4
Interest and other income, net 3.3 9.6 6.2
Interest expense (36.1) (33.7) (34.3)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes 109.4 94.0 39.3
Provision for income taxes 63.3 65.3 31.5
Income from continuing operations, net of taxes 46.1 28.7 7.8
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes - - (2.4)
Net income $ 46.1 $ 28.7 $ 5.4
Net income per share from - basic:
Continuing operations $ 0.20 $ 0.13 $ 0.03
Discontinued operations - - (0.01)
Net income $ 0.20 $ 0.13 $ 0.02
Net income per share from - diluted:
Continuing operations $ 0.20 $ 0.12 $ 0.03
Discontinued operations - - (0.01)
Net income $ 0.20 $ 0.12 $ 0.02
Shares used in per-share calculations:
Basic 228.7 229.4 228.1
Diluted 235.9 233.7 231.2
The accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in millions)
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Net income $ 46.1 $ 28.7 $ 5.4
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net change in cumulative translation adjustment, net of tax 61.5 (28.6) (27.0)
Net change in available-for-sale investments, net of tax:
Unrealized holding (losses) gains arising during period - (0.1) 0.3
Less: reclassification adjustments included in net income - - 0.5
Net change in defined benefit obligation, net of tax:
Unrealized actuarial gains (losses) arising during period 4.1 (5.4) (7.3)
Amortization of actuarial losses 3.1 2.8 1.8
Net change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 68.7 (31.3) (31.7)
Comprehensive income (loss) $ 114.8 $ (2.6) $ (26.3)
The accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in millions, except share and par value data)
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 697.8 $ 539.0
Short-term investments 1.6 1.5
Restricted cash 4.3 3.5
Accounts receivable, net 256.5 235.5
Inventories, net 94.9 83.3
Prepayments and other current assets 57.0 50.8
Total current assets 1,112.1 913.6
Property, plant and equipment, net 196.0 172.5
Goodwill, net 396.5 381.4
Intangibles, net 88.0 148.1
Deferred income taxes 109.3 105.4
Other non-current assets 59.5 55.3
Total assets $ 1,961.4 $ 1,776.3
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 63.2 $ 53.0
Accrued payroll and related expenses 76.0 51.4
Deferred revenue 69.7 54.6
Accrued expenses 24.8 22.6
Short-term debt (Note 11)
414.2 2.8
Other current liabilities 57.1 48.4
Total current liabilities 705.0 232.8
Long-term debt 209.8 600.9
Other non-current liabilities 226.0 231.2
Commitments and contingencies (Note 18)
Convertible senior notes (Note 11)
45.8 -
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 1 billion shares authorized; 228 million shares issued and outstanding at July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020
0.2 0.2
Additional paid-in capital 70,265.5 70,274.3
Accumulated deficit (69,393.7) (69,397.2)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (97.2) (165.9)
Total stockholders’ equity 774.8 711.4
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 1,961.4 $ 1,776.3
The accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in millions)
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income $ 46.1 $ 28.7 $ 5.4
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation expense 35.8 40.0 39.7
Amortization of acquired technologies and other intangibles 66.5 67.8 72.5
Stock-based compensation 48.3 44.6 38.2
Amortization of debt issuance costs and accretion of debt discount 23.7 22.2 22.7
Net change in fair value of contingent liabilities (5.3) (31.5) (5.9)
Loss on sales of investments - - 0.5
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets 0.1 0.1 1.4
Other 2.8 5.7 5.1
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable (15.0) (5.1) (17.8)
Inventories (14.3) 3.7 (15.4)
Other current and non-currents assets 14.9 10.6 0.1
Accounts payable 7.0 (9.2) 8.7
Income taxes payable 18.1 - 5.0
Deferred revenue, current and non-current 12.3 5.9 (3.1)
Deferred taxes, net 1.6 11.9 (1.9)
Accrued payroll and related expenses 23.1 (7.0) 5.9
Accrued expenses and other current and non-current liabilities (22.4) (52.8) (22.3)
Net cash provided by operating activities 243.3 135.6 138.8
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Maturities of available-for-sale investments - - 47.3
Sales of available-for-sale investments - - 119.9
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired (0.7) (2.5) (47.0)
Capital expenditures (52.1) (31.9) (45.0)
Proceeds from the sale of assets 4.1 4.6 5.4
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities (48.7) (29.8) 80.6
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Payment of debt issuance costs (0.1) (1.6) (0.5)
Repurchase and retirement of common stock (42.2) (44.4) (11.2)
Payment of financing obligations (1.2) (2.7) (1.7)
Redemption of convertible debt - - (276.9)
Proceeds from exercise of employee stock options and employee stock purchase plan 6.6 5.5 5.4
Withholding tax payment on vesting of restricted stock awards (17.9) (21.0) (15.5)
Payment of acquisition related holdback - (6.8) -
Payment of acquired debt (2.8) - -
Payment of acquisition related contingent consideration (1.2) (0.7) -
Net cash used in financing activities (58.8) (71.7) (300.4)
Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 25.2 (17.1) (12.9)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 161.0 17.0 (93.9)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period (1)
547.4 530.4 624.3
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period (2)
$ 708.4 $ 547.4 $ 530.4
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash paid for interest $ 12.3 $ 11.3 $ 11.8
Cash paid for income taxes $ 43.8 $ 50.6 $ 29.8
(1) These amounts include both current and non-current balances of restricted cash totaling $8.4 million, $8.9 million and $12.9 million as of June 27, 2020, June 29, 2019, and June 30, 2018, respectively.
(2) These amounts include both current and non-current balances of restricted cash totaling $10.6 million, $8.4 million and $8.9 million as of July 3, 2021, June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019, respectively.
The accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in millions)
Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Accumulated Deficit Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss) Total
Shares Amount
Balance at June 30, 2018 226.7 $ 0.2 $ 70,216.2 $ (69,378.6) $ (102.9) $ 734.9
Net income - - - 5.4 - 5.4
Other comprehensive loss - - - - (31.7) (31.7)
Shares issued under employee stock plans, net of tax effects 3.2 - (10.1) - - (10.1)
Stock-based compensation - - 38.6 - - 38.6
Repurchase of common stock (1.1) - - (11.3) - (11.3)
Balance at June 29, 2019 228.8 $ 0.2 $ 70,244.7 $ (69,384.5) $ (134.6) $ 725.8
Cumulative adjustment for adoption of ASU 2016-02 (Topic 842) - - - 3.0 3.0
Net income - - - 28.7 - 28.7
Other comprehensive loss - - - - (31.3) (31.3)
Shares issued under employee stock plans, net of tax effects 3.2 - (15.3) - - (15.3)
Stock-based compensation - - 44.9 - - 44.9
Repurchase of common stock (3.7) - - (44.4) - (44.4)
Balance at June 27, 2020 228.3 $ 0.2 $ 70,274.3 $ (69,397.2) $ (165.9) $ 711.4
Net income - - - 46.1 - 46.1
Other comprehensive income - - - - 68.7 68.7
Shares issued under employee stock plans, net of tax effects 3.0 - (11.5) - - (11.5)
Stock-based compensation - - 48.5 - - 48.5
Repurchase of common stock (3.0) - - (42.6) - (42.6)
Reclassification between equity and temporary equity for senior convertible notes - - (45.8) - - (45.8)
Balance at July 3, 2021 228.3 $ 0.2 $ 70,265.5 $ (69,393.7) $ (97.2) $ 774.8
The accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1. Basis of Presentation
Description of Business
Viavi Solutions, Inc. (VIAVI, also referred to as the Company), is a global provider of network test, monitoring and assurance solutions to communications service providers, enterprises, network equipment manufacturers, original equipment manufacturers, government and avionics. VIAVI is also a leader in management solutions for 3D sensing, anti-counterfeiting, consumer electronics, industrial, aerospace, automotive and medical applications.
Fiscal Years
The Company utilizes a 52-53-week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to June 30th. The Company’s 2021 fiscal year is a 53-week year ending on July 3, 2021. The Company’s 2020 and 2019 fiscal years were 52-week years ending on June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019, respectively. The Company’s first quarter of fiscal year 2021 was a 14-week quarter compared to the standard 13-week quarters.
Principles of Consolidation
The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) and include the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that effect the reported amount of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, the reported amount of net revenues and expenses and the disclosure of commitments and contingencies during the reporting periods. Estimates are based on historical factors, current circumstances and the experience and judgment of management. Under changed conditions the Company’s reported financial positions or results of operations may be materially impacted when using different estimates and assumptions, particularly with respect to significant accounting policies. If estimates or assumptions differ from actual results, subsequent periods are adjusted to reflect more readily available information. Actual results may differ from these estimates due to the uncertainty around the magnitude, duration and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as other factors.
COVID-19
The worldwide spread of the COVID-19 virus has resulted in a global slowdown of economic activity which is likely to decrease demand for a broad variety of goods and services, including from our customers, while also continuing to disrupt sales channels and marketing activities for an unknown period of time until the disease is contained. While this may have a negative impact to our sales and our results of operations, the Company is not aware of any specific events or circumstances that would require an update to the estimates or judgments or a revision of the carrying value of assets or liabilities as of the date of issuance of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These estimates may change, as new events occur and additional information becomes available. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates assumptions or conditions due to risks and uncertainties, including uncertainty in the current economic environment due to COVID-19.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers highly liquid instruments such as treasury bills, commercial paper and other money market instruments with original maturities of 90 days or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents also include certain term deposits with financial institutions that the Company can liquidate with 30 days’ advance notice without incurring penalties.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Restricted Cash
At July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, the Company’s short-term restricted cash balances were $4.3 million and $3.5 million, respectively. The Company’s long-term restricted cash balances, included in other non-current assets in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets, were $6.3 million and $4.9 million as of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, respectively. These balances primarily include interest-bearing investments in bank certificates of deposit and money market funds which act as collateral supporting the issuance of letters of credit and performance bonds for the benefit of third parties. Refer to “Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies” for more information.
Investments
The Company’s investments in debt securities are classified as available for sale investments, recorded at fair value. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identified method. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value on available-for-sale investments, net of tax, are reported within accumulated other comprehensive loss.
The Company periodically reviews investments in debt securities for impairment. If a debt security’s fair value is below amortized cost and the Company either intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery, the Company records an other-than-temporary impairment charge to current earnings for the entire amount of the impairment. If a debt security’s fair value is below amortized cost and the Company does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost of the security, the Company separates the other-than-temporary impairment into: (i) the portion of the loss related to credit factors, or the credit loss portion; and, (ii) the portion of the loss that is not related to credit factors, or the non-credit loss portion. The credit loss portion is recorded as an allowance to credit loss through interest and other income, net, and the non-credit loss portion is recorded as a separate component of other comprehensive loss.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
For assets and liabilities measured at fair value, fair value is the price to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. When determining fair value, the Company considers the principle or most advantageous market in which it would transact, and the Company considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing asset or liabilities.
The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are:
•Level 1: Includes financial instruments for which quoted market prices for identical instruments are available in active markets. Level 1 assets of the Company include money market funds, U.S. Treasury securities and marketable equity securities as they are traded with sufficient volume and frequency of transactions.
•Level 2: Includes financial instruments for which the valuations are based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 2 instruments of the Company include asset-backed securities, foreign currency forward contracts and debt. To estimate their fair value, the Company utilizes pricing models based on market data. The significant inputs for the valuation model usually include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker and dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data, and industry and economic events.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
•Level 3: Includes financial instruments for which fair value is derived from valuation-based inputs, that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. As of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, the Company did not hold any Level 3 investment securities. The Company’s Level 3 liabilities as of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020 consist of contingent purchase consideration. The Company has aggregate contingent liabilities related to its business and asset acquisitions completed during fiscal 2021 and 2020. The fair value of earn-out liabilities was determined using a Monte Carlo Simulation that includes significant unobservable inputs such as the risk-adjusted discount rate, gross profit volatility, and projected financial forecast of acquired business over the earn-out period. The fair value of contingent consideration liabilities is remeasured at each reporting period at the estimated fair value based on the inputs on the date of remeasurement, with the change in fair value recognized in the Selling, General and Administrative (SG&A) expense of the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Our other current financial assets and current financial liabilities have fair values that approximate their carrying values.
Inventories
The Company’s inventory is valued at standard cost, which approximates actual cost computed on a first-in, first-out basis, not in excess of net realizable value. On a quarterly basis, the Company assesses the value of its inventory and writes down those inventories determined to be obsolete or in excess of its forecasted usage to their market value. The Company’s estimates of realizable value are based upon management analysis and assumptions including, but not limited to, forecasted sales levels by product, expected product life cycle, product development plans and future demand requirements. The Company’s product line management personnel play a key role in its excess review process by providing updated sales forecasts, managing product transitions and working with manufacturing to minimize excess inventory. Differences between actual market conditions and customer demand to the Company’s forecasts, may create favorable or unfavorable inventory positions, and may result in additional inventory write-downs or higher than expected income from operations. The Company’s inventory amounts include material, labor, and manufacturing overhead costs.
Leases
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at inception. Operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using the discount rate for the lease at the commencement date. If the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable for our operating leases, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the commencement date to determine the present value of future lease payments. The lease term is the non-cancelable period of the lease and includes options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that an option will be exercised. Operating right-of-use (ROU) assets are recognized at commencement based on the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability. Operating ROU assets also include any lease payments made prior to lease commencement and exclude lease incentives. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Operating ROU assets are included in other non-current assets and lease liabilities are included in other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Lease and non-lease components for all leases are accounted for separately. The Company does not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases with a lease term of twelve months or less.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using a straight-line method, over the estimated useful lives of the assets: building and improvements 10 to 50 years; machinery and equipment 2 to 20 years; and furniture, fixtures, software and office equipment 2 to 10 years.
Leasehold improvements are amortized on the straight-line method over the lesser of the estimated useful lives of the asset or the initial lease term.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Demonstration units are amortized on the straight-line method and are Company products used for demonstration purposes for existing and prospective customers. These assets are generally not intended to be sold and have an estimated useful life of 3 to 5 years.
Costs related to software acquired, developed or modified solely to meet the Company’s internal requirements and for which there are no substantive plans to market are capitalized in accordance with the authoritative guidance on accounting for the costs of computer software developed or obtained for internal use. Only costs incurred after the preliminary planning stage of the project and after management has authorized and committed funds to the project are eligible for capitalization. Costs capitalized for computer software developed or obtained for internal use are included in Property, plant and equipment, net, on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid over the net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company tests goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level at least annually, during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired.
The accounting guidance provides the Company with the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary. The qualitative assessment considers events and circumstances that might indicate that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carry amount. These events and circumstances include, macro-economic conditions, such as a significant adverse change in the Company’s operating environment, industry or market considerations; entity-specific events such as increasing costs, declining financial performance, or loss of key personnel, or other events, such as the sale of a reporting unit, adverse regulatory developments or a sustained decrease in the Company’s stock price.
If it is determined, as a result of the qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative test is required. Otherwise, no further testing is required.
Under the quantitative test, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as impairment of goodwill. Measurement of the fair value of a reporting unit is based on one or more of the following fair value measures: (i) using present value techniques of estimated future cash flows; (ii) using valuation techniques based on multiples of earnings or revenue; or (iii) a similar performance measure. Refer to “Note 9. Goodwill” for more information.
Intangible Assets
In connection with the Company’s acquisitions, the Company generally recognize assets for customer relationships, acquired developed technologies, patents, proprietary know-how, trade secrets, in-process research and development (IPR&D) and trademarks and trade names. Finite lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated economic useful lives of the assets, which is the period during which expected cash flows support the fair value of such intangible assets. Refer to “Note 10. Acquired Developed Technology and Other Intangibles” for more information.
Long-lived Assets
Long-lived assets, including intangible assets and property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of any asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Such an evaluation is performed at the lowest identifiable level of cash flows independent of other assets. An impairment loss would be recognized when estimated undiscounted future cash flows generated from the assets are less than their carrying amount. Measurement of an impairment loss would be based on the excess of the carrying amount of the asset or asset group over its estimated fair value. Estimates of future cash flow require significant judgment based on anticipated future and operating results, which are subject to variability and change.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
The funded status of the Company’s retirement-related benefit plans is recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The funded status is measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the benefit obligation at fiscal year end, the measurement date. For defined benefit pension plans, the benefit obligation is the projected benefit obligation (PBO) and for the non-pension postretirement benefit plan the benefit obligation is the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation (APBO). The PBO represents the actuarial present value of benefits expected to be paid upon its employee’s retirement. The APBO represents the actuarial present value of postretirement benefits attributed to employee services already rendered. Unfunded or partially funded plans, with the benefit obligation exceeding the fair value of plan assets, are aggregated and recorded as a retirement and non-pension postretirement benefit obligation equal to this excess. The current portion of the retirement-related benefit obligation represents the actuarial present value of benefits payable in the next 12 months in excess of the fair value of plan assets, measured on a plan-by-plan basis. This liability is recorded in other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Net periodic pension cost is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and includes service cost, interest cost, expected return on plan assets, amortization of prior service cost or credit, and gains or losses previously recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. Service cost represents the actuarial present value of participant benefits attributed to services rendered by employees in the current year. Interest cost represents the time value of money cost associated with the passage of time. Gains or losses arise as a result of differences between actual experience and assumptions or as a result of changes in actuarial assumptions. Prior service cost or credit represents the cost of benefit improvements attributable to prior service granted in plan amendments. Gains or losses and prior service cost or credit not recognized as a component of net periodic pension cost in the Consolidated Statements of Operations are recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, net of tax. Those gains or losses and prior service cost or credit are subsequently recognized as a component of net periodic pension cost pursuant to the recognition and amortization provisions of the authoritative guidance.
The measurement of the benefit obligation and net periodic pension cost is based on the Company’s estimates and actuarial valuations provided by third-party actuaries and are approved by management. These valuations reflect the terms of the plans and use participant-specific information such as compensation, age and years of service, as well as certain assumptions, including estimates of discount rates, expected return on plan assets, rate of compensation increases and mortality rates. The Company evaluates these assumptions periodically but not less than annually. In estimating the expected return on plan assets, the Company considers historical returns on plan assets, diversification of plan investments, adjusted for forward-looking considerations, inflation assumptions and the impact of the active management of the plan’s invested assets.
The Company measures its benefit obligation and plan assets using the month-end date of June 30, which is closest to the Company’s fiscal year-end.
Concentration of Credit and Other Risks
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, restricted cash, trade receivables and foreign currency forward contracts. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments are held in safekeeping by large, creditworthy financial institutions. The Company invests its excess cash primarily in institutional money market funds, short-term deposits and similar short duration high quality, investment grade instruments.
The Company has established guidelines relative to credit ratings, diversification and maturities that seek to maintain the safety and liquidity of these investments. The Company’s foreign exchange derivative instruments expose the Company to credit risk to the extent that the counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreements. The Company seeks to mitigate such risk by limiting its counterparties to major financial institutions and by spreading such risk across several major financial institutions. Potential risk of loss with any one counterparty resulting from such risk is monitored by the Company on an ongoing basis.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. When the Company becomes aware that a specific customer is unable to meet its financial obligations, the Company records a specific allowance to reflect the level of credit risk in the customer’s outstanding receivable balance. In addition, the Company records additional allowances based on certain percentages of aged receivable balances. These percentages consider a variety of factors including, but not limited to, current economic trends, historical payment and bad debt write-off experience. The Company classifies bad debt expenses as SG&A expense.
The Company is not able to predict changes in the financial stability of its customers. Any material changes in the financial status of any one customer or a group of customers could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. Although such losses have been within management’s expectations to date, there can be no assurance that such allowances will continue to be adequate. The Company has significant trade receivables concentrated in the telecommunications industry. While the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts balance is based on historical loss experience along with anticipated economic trends, unanticipated financial instability in the telecommunications industry could lead to higher than anticipated losses.
As of July 3, 2021 two customers represented 10% or more of the Company’s total accounts receivable, net. As of June 27, 2020, no customer represented 10% or more of the Company’s total accounts receivable, net.
During fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019, one customer generated 10% or more of total net revenues. Refer to “Note 19. Operating Segments and Geographic Information” for more information.
The Company relies on a limited number of suppliers and contract manufacturers for a number of key components and sub-assemblies contained in the Company’s products.
The Company generally uses a rolling twelve-month forecast based on anticipated product orders, customer forecasts, product order history and backlog to determine its materials requirements for any one period. Lead times for the parts and components that the Company orders may vary significantly and depend on factors such as the specific supplier, contract terms and demand for a component at any given time. If the forecast does not meet actual demand, the Company may have surplus or dearth of some materials and components, as well as excess inventory purchase commitments. The Company could experience reduced or delayed product shipments or incur additional inventory write-downs and cancellation charges or penalties, which may result in increased costs and have a material adverse impact on the Company’s results of operations.
Foreign Currency Forward Contracts
The Company conducts its business and sells its products to customers primarily in North America, Europe, Asia and South America. In the normal course of business, the Company’s financial position is routinely subject to market risks associated with foreign currency rate fluctuations due to balance sheet positions in foreign currencies. The Company evaluates foreign exchange risks and utilizes foreign currency forward contracts to reduce such risks, hedging the gains or losses generated by the re-measurement of significant foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities. The fair value of these contracts is reflected as other current assets or liabilities and the change in fair value of these foreign currency forward contracts is recorded as gain or loss in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of interest and other income, net. The gain or loss from the change in fair value of these foreign currency forward contracts largely offsets the change in fair value of the foreign currency denominated monetary assets or liabilities, which is also recorded as a component of interest and other income, net.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Foreign Currency Translation
Assets and liabilities of non-U.S. subsidiaries that operate in a local currency environment, where that local currency is the functional currency, are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, with the resulting translation adjustments directly recorded as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Income and expense accounts are translated at exchange rates from the prior month end, which are deemed to approximate the exchange rate when the income and expense is recognized. Gains and losses from re-measurement of monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in currencies other than the respective functional currencies are included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of interest and other income, net.
Revenue Recognition
The Company derives revenue from a diverse portfolio of network solutions and optical technology products and services, as follows:
•Products: Network Enablement (NE) and Service Enablement (SE) products include instruments, microprobes and perpetual software licenses that support the development, production, maintenance and optimization of network systems. NE and SE are collectively referred to as Network and Service Enablement (NSE). The Company’s Optical Security and Performance (OSP) products include proprietary pigments used for optical security and optical filters used in commercial and government 3D Sensing applications.
•Services: The Company also offers a range of product support and professional services designed to comprehensively address customer requirements. These include repair, calibration, extended warranty, software support, technical assistance, training and consulting services. Implementation services provided in conjunction with hardware or software solution projects include sale of the products along with project management, set-up and installation.
Steps of revenue recognition
The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with the revenue standard, in which the following five steps are applied to recognize revenue:
1.Identify the contract with a customer: Generally, the Company considers customer purchase orders which, in some cases are governed by master sales or other purchase agreements, to be the customer contract. All of the following criteria must be met before the Company considers an agreement to qualify as a contract with a customer under the revenue standard: (i) it must be approved by all parties; (ii) each party’s rights regarding the goods and services to be transferred can be identified; (iii) the payment terms for the goods and services can be identified; (iv) the customer has the ability and intent to pay and collection of substantially all of the consideration is probable; and, (v) the agreement has commercial substance. The Company utilizes judgment to determine the customer’s ability and intent to pay, which is based upon various factors including the customer’s historical payment experience or credit and financial information and credit risk management measures implemented by the Company.
2.Identify the performance obligations in the contract: The Company assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct for the purpose of identifying the various performance obligations in each contract. Promised goods and services are considered distinct provided that: (i) the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer; and, (ii) the Company's promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable or distinct from other promises in the contract. The Company's performance obligations consist of a variety of products and services offerings which include networking equipment; proprietary pigment, optical filters, proprietary software licenses; support and maintenance which includes hardware support that extends beyond the Company's standard warranties, software maintenance, installation, professional and implementation services, and training.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Identifying and evaluating whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations may require significant judgment particularly in NSE due to the nature of the product and service offerings. The Company may enter into contracts that involve a significant level of integration and interdependency between a software license and installation services. Judgment may be required to determine whether the software license is considered distinct in the context of the contract and accounted for separately, or not distinct in the context of the contract and accounted for together with the installation service.
3.Determine the transaction price: Transaction price reflects the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to the customer. The Company’s contracts may include terms that could cause variability in the transaction price including rebates, sales returns, market incentives and volume discounts. Variable consideration is generally accounted for at the portfolio level and estimated based on historical information. If a contract includes a variable amount, the price adjustments are estimated at contract inception. In both cases, estimates are updated at the end of each reporting period as additional information becomes available.
4.Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract: If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to that performance obligation. Many of the Company’s contracts include multiple performance obligations with a combination of distinct products and services, maintenance and support, professional services and/or training. Contracts may also include rights or options to acquire future products and/or services, which are accounted for as separate performance obligations by the Company, only if the right or option provides the customer with a material right that it would not receive without entering into the contract. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the total transaction value to each distinct performance obligation based on relative standalone selling price (SSP). Judgment is required to determine the SSP for each distinct performance obligation. The best evidence of SSP is the observable price of a good or service when the Company sells that good or service separately under similar circumstances to similar customers. If a directly observable price is not available, the SSP must be estimated based on multiple factors including, but not limited to, historical pricing practices, internal costs, and profit objectives as well as overall market conditions.
5.Recognize revenue when (or as) performance obligations are satisfied: Revenue is recognized at the point in time control is transferred to the customer. For hardware sales, transfer of control to the customer typically occurs at the point the product is shipped or delivered to the customer’s designated location. For software license sales transfer of control to the customer typically occurs upon shipment, electronic delivery, or when the software is available for download by the customer. For sales of implementation service and solution contracts or in instances where software is sold along with essential installation services, transfer of control occurs and revenue is typically recognized upon customer acceptance. In certain instances, acceptance is deemed to have occurred if all acceptance provisions lapse, or if the Company has evidence that all acceptance provisions will be, or have been, satisfied. For fixed-price support and extended warranty contracts, or certain software arrangements which provide customers with a right to access over a discrete period, control is deemed to transfer over time and revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term due to the stand-ready nature of the performance obligation. Revenue from hardware repairs and calibration services outside of an extended warranty or support contract is recognized at the time of completion of the related service. For other professional services or time-based labor contracts, revenue is recognized as the Company performs the services and the customers receive and/or consume the benefits.
Revenue policy and practical expedients
The following policy and practical expedient elections have been made by the Company under the revenue standard:
•Revenue-based taxes as assessed by governmental authorities have been excluded from the measurement of transaction price.
•Shipping and handling activities performed after the customer obtains control of the good are treated as activities to fulfill the promise (cost of fulfillment). Therefore, the Company does not evaluate whether the shipping and handling activities are promised services.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
•Incremental costs of obtaining contracts that would have been recognized within one year or less are recognized as an expense when incurred. These costs are included in SG&A expense. The costs of obtaining contracts where the amortization period for recognition of the expense is beyond a year are capitalized and recognized over the revenue recognition period of the original contract.
•The portfolio approach is used for certain types of variable consideration for contracts with similar characteristics. The methodology is used when the effects on the financial statements of applying this guidance to the portfolio would not differ materially from applying this guidance to the individual contracts within that portfolio.
•If at contract inception, the expected period between the transfer of promised goods or services and payment is within one year or less, the Company forgoes adjustment for the impact of significant financing component for the contract.
Disaggregation of Revenue
The Company's revenue is presented on a disaggregated basis on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and in “Note 19. Operating Segments and Geographic Information”. This information includes revenue from reportable segments and a break-out of products and services for which the nature and timing of the revenue as characterized above is generally at a point in time and over time, respectively.
Warranty
The Company provides reserves for the estimated costs of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. Warranty cost estimates are based on historical experience of known product failure rates, use of materials to repair or replace defective products, and service delivery costs incurred in correcting product failures. In addition, from time to time, specific warranty accruals may be made if unforeseen technical problems arise.
Shipping and Handling Costs
The Company records costs related to shipping and handling of revenue in cost of sales for all periods presented.
Advertising Expense
The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs totaled $2.7 million, $3.7 million and $2.6 million in fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Research and Development Expense
Costs related to Research and Development (R&D), which primarily consists of labor and benefits, supplies, facilities, consulting and outside service fees, are charged to expense as incurred. The authoritative guidance allows for capitalization of software development costs incurred after a product’s technological feasibility has been established until the product is available for general release to the public. The Company believes its software development process is completed concurrent with the establishment of technological feasibility. As such, software development costs have been expensed as incurred.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company's stock-based compensation includes a combination of time-based restricted stock awards and performance-based awards. Restricted stock awards are granted without an exercise price and are converted to shares immediately upon vesting. When converted into shares upon vesting, shares equivalent in value to the minimum withholding taxes liability on the vested shares are withheld by the Company for the payment of such taxes.
For performance-based awards, shares attained over target upon vesting are reflected as awards granted during the period.
Time-based restricted stock awards will generally vest in annual or quarterly installments over a period of three to four years subject to the employees’ continuing service to the Company. The Company's performance-based awards may include performance conditions, market conditions, time-based service conditions or a combination there of and are generally expected to vest over one to four years. In addition, the actual number of shares awarded upon vesting of performance-based grants may vary from the target shares depending upon the achievement of the relevant performance or market-based conditions.
The Company estimates the fair value of stock options and Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) purchase rights using the Black-Scholes Merton (BSM) option-pricing model. This option-pricing model requires the input of assumptions, including the award’s expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock.
The Company does not apply expected forfeiture rate and accounts for forfeitures as they occur. The total fair value of the equity awards is recorded on a straight-line basis, over the requisite service period of the awards for each separate vesting period of the award, except for certain performance-based awards which are amortized based upon the graded vesting method.
Income Taxes
In accordance with the authoritative guidance on accounting for income taxes, the Company recognizes income taxes using an asset and liability approach. This approach requires the recognition of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements or tax returns. The measurement of current and deferred taxes is based on provisions of the enacted tax law and the effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated.
The authoritative guidance provides for recognition of deferred tax assets if the realization of such deferred tax assets is more likely than not to occur based on an evaluation of both positive and negative evidence and the relative weight of the evidence. With the exception of certain international jurisdictions, the Company has determined that at this time it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets attributable to the remaining jurisdictions will not be realized, primarily due to uncertainties related to its ability to utilize its net operating loss carryforwards before they expire. Accordingly, the Company has established a valuation allowance for such deferred tax assets. If there is a change in the Company’s ability to realize its deferred tax assets for which a valuation allowance has been established, then its tax provision may decrease in the period in which it determines that realization is more likely than not. Likewise, if the Company determines that it is not more likely than not that its deferred tax assets will be realized, then a valuation allowance may be established for such deferred tax assets and the Company’s tax provision may increase in the period in which the Company makes the determination.
The authoritative guidance on accounting for uncertainty in income taxes prescribes the recognition threshold and measurement attributes for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Additionally, it provides guidance on recognition, classification, and disclosure of tax positions. The Company is subject to income tax audits by the respective tax authorities in the jurisdictions in which it operates. The determination of tax liabilities in each of these jurisdictions requires the interpretation and application of complex and sometimes uncertain tax laws and regulations. The Company recognizes liabilities based on its estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional tax liabilities are more likely than not. If the Company ultimately determines that the payment of such a liability is not necessary, then it reverses the liability and recognizes a tax benefit during the period it is determined no longer necessary.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The recognition and measurement of current taxes payable or refundable and deferred tax assets and liabilities requires that the Company make certain estimates and judgments. Changes to these estimates or a change in judgment may have a material impact on the Company’s tax provision in a future period.
Restructuring Accrual
In accordance with authoritative guidance on accounting for costs associated with exit or disposal activities, generally costs associated with restructuring activities are recognized when they are incurred. A liability for post-employment benefits for workforce reductions related to restructuring activities is recorded when payment is probable, and the amount is reasonably estimable. The Company continually evaluates the adequacy of the remaining liabilities under its restructuring initiatives. Although the Company believes that these estimates accurately reflect the costs of its restructuring plans, actual results may differ, thereby requiring the Company to record additional liabilities or reverse a portion of existing liabilities.
Contingencies
The Company is subject to various potential loss contingencies arising in the ordinary course of business. In determining a loss contingency, the Company considers the likelihood of loss or impairment of an asset or the incurrence of a liability, as well as its ability to reasonably estimate the amount of loss. An estimated loss is accrued when it is probable that an asset has been impaired, a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company regularly evaluates current information available to determine whether such accruals should be adjusted and whether new accruals are required.
Contingent liabilities include contingent consideration in connection with the Company’s acquisitions, which represent earn-out payments and is recognized at fair value on the acquisition date and is remeasured each reporting period with subsequent adjustments recognized in the SG&A expense of the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. While the Company believes the estimates and assumptions are reasonable, there is significant judgment and uncertainty involved.
Asset Retirement Obligations
Asset Retirement Obligations (ARO) are legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets pertaining to leasehold improvements. These liabilities are initially recorded at fair value and the related asset retirement costs are capitalized by increasing the asset carrying value and ARO by the same amount. Asset retirement costs are subsequently depreciated over the useful lives of the related assets. Subsequent to initial recognition, the Company records period-to-period changes in the ARO liability resulting from the passage of time and revisions to either the timing or the amount of the original estimate of undiscounted cash flows. The Company derecognizes ARO liabilities when the related obligations are settled. As of July 3, 2021, and June 27, 2020, the Consolidated Balance Sheets included ARO of $1.3 million and $0.9 million, respectively, in other current liabilities and $2.4 million and $3.1 million, respectively, in other non-current liabilities.
Balance at Beginning of Period Liabilities Incurred Liabilities Settled Accretion Expense Revisions to Estimates Balance at End of Period
Year ended July 3, 2021 $ 4.0 $ 0.3 $ (0.7) $ 0.1 $ - $ 3.7
Year ended June 27, 2020 3.6 0.3 - 0.1 - 4.0
Note 2. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted
In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance that changes the accounting for recognizing impairments of financial assets. Under the new guidance, credit losses for certain types of financial assets are estimated based on expected losses. In the first quarter of fiscal 2021 the Company adopted the accounting standard using the modified retrospective approach. The adoption of the new standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
In the first quarter of fiscal 2020 the Company adopted ASC 842 - Leases using the modified retrospective approach. The Company elected to apply the optional transition approach of not adjusting comparative period financial information for the adoption impact.The Company also elected the package of practical expedients to not reassess whether a contract contains a leas, lease classification and accounting for initial direct costs. For additional information refer to “Note 12. Leases.”
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments with characteristics of liability and equity. This new guidance removes separation models for certain convertible debt instruments which will now be accounted for as a single liability measured at amortized cost. In addition, the interest expense recognized for these instruments will typically be closer to the coupon interest rate due to the removal of the separation model's non-cash discount amortization. ASU 2020-06 is effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2023, with early adoption permitted for the first quarter of fiscal 2022. Adoption of this new guidance can either be on a modified retrospective or full retrospective basis.
The Company will adopt the new guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2022, on a full retrospective basis, reflecting the application of the new standard in each prior reporting period. The elimination of the separation model for the convertible debt instruments is expected to reduce additional paid in capital by approximately $80 million and $130 million as of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, respectively. The removal of the non-cash debt discount amortization will reduce interest expense and increase net income by approximately $20 million for the each of the fiscal years ended 2021 and 2020. In addition, the adoption will eliminate the temporary equity balance for the convertible senior notes as of July 3, 2021 of $45.8 million. These adjustments will result in the reported balance of the convertible notes being more consistent with the par value offset only by the unamortized issuance costs.
We currently expect the adoption of ASU 2020-06 will result in the reduction of non-cash interest expense for fiscal 2022 and until the affected notes have been settled with a corresponding increase in income attributable to common stockholders for both basic and diluted earnings per share. The adoption will have no impact on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
In December 2019, the FASB issued guidance which simplifies the accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions within ASC 740, Income Taxes, and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistency among reporting entities. The guidance is effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal year 2022. The Company does not believe adoption of this new accounting guidance will have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance to amend the disclosure requirements related to defined benefit pension and other post-retirement plans. Some of the changes include adding a disclosure requirement for significant gains and losses related to changes in the benefit obligation for the period, and removing the amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year. This guidance is effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2022. The Company does not believe adoption of this new accounting guidance will have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
Note 3. Earnings Per Share
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing net income for the period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and potentially dilutive common stock outstanding during the period. If dilutive, the effect of outstanding Employee Stock Purchase Program (ESPP) purchase rights, restricted stock units (RSUs), performance-based stock units (PSUs), market-based stock units (MSUs), options and senior convertible notes is reflected in diluted net income per share by application of the treasury stock method and/or the if-converted method, as applicable. The calculation of diluted net income per share excludes all anti-dilutive common shares.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share (in millions, except per share data):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Numerator:
Income from continuing operations, net of taxes $ 46.1 $ 28.7 $ 7.8
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes - - (2.4)
Net income $ 46.1 $ 28.7 $ 5.4
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding:
Basic 228.7 229.4 228.1
Shares issuable assuming conversion of convertible notes (1)
4.6 1.2 -
Effect of dilutive securities from stock-based benefit plans 2.6 3.1 3.1
Diluted 235.9 233.7 231.2
Net income per share from - basic:
Continuing operations $ 0.20 $ 0.13 $ 0.03
Discontinued operations - - (0.01)
Net income $ 0.20 $ 0.13 $ 0.02
Net income per share from - diluted:
Continuing operations $ 0.20 $ 0.12 $ 0.03
Discontinued operations - - (0.01)
Net income $ 0.20 $ 0.12 $ 0.02
(1)Represents the dilutive impact under the if-converted method for the Company's 1.75% Senior Convertible Notes due 2023 and the 1.00% Senior Convertible Notes due 2024. As of July 3, 2021, the if-converted value in excess of outstanding principal of the 1.75% Senior Convertible Notes due 2023 and the 1.00% Senior Convertible Notes due 2024 was $13.8 million and $54.8 million, respectively. Refer to “Note 11. Debt” for more information.
The following table sets forth the weighted-average potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computation of the diluted net income per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive (in millions):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Stock options and ESPP - - 0.1
Full Value Awards 0.4 0.2 0.4
Total potentially dilutive securities 0.4 0.2 0.5
Note 4. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The Company’s accumulated other comprehensive loss consists of the accumulated net unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, foreign currency translation adjustments and change in unrealized components of defined benefit obligations.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, net of tax, were as follows (in millions):
Unrealized gains
on available-for-sale
investments Foreign currency translation adjustments Change in unrealized components of defined benefit
obligations, net of tax (1) Total
Beginning balance as of June 27, 2020 $ (5.1) $ (129.6) $ (31.2) $ (165.9)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification - 61.5 4.1 65.6
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income - - 3.1 3.1
Net current period other comprehensive income - 61.5 7.2 68.7
Ending balance as of July 03, 2021 $ (5.1) $ (68.1) $ (24.0) $ (97.2)
(1)Activity before reclassifications to the Consolidated Statements of Operations during the fiscal year ended July 3, 2021 relates to the unrealized actuarial gain of $6.3 million, net of income tax effect of $2.2 million. The amount reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss represents the amortization of actuarial losses included as a component of SG&A in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended July 3, 2021. Refer to “Note 17. Employee Pension and Other Benefit Plans” for more details on the computation of net periodic cost for pension plans.
Note 5. Acquisitions
3Z Telecom, Inc. Acquisition
On May 31, 2019, the Company acquired all of the equity of 3Z Telecom, Inc. (3Z) for approximately $23.2 million in cash and contingent consideration (earn-out) liability of up to $7.0 million in cash based on the achievement of certain net revenue targets over approximately a two year period. The $23.2 million cash consideration is subject to final cash and net working capital adjustments and includes escrow payments of $4.3 million, which are reserved for potential breaches of representations and warranties. The acquisition of 3Z expands the Company’s Field Instrument offerings.
The 3Z acquisition meets the definition of a business and has been accounted for in accordance with the authoritative guidance on business combinations; therefore, the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at fair value on the acquisition date. Acquisition related costs incurred were not material.
The fair value of consideration transferred for the 3Z acquisition consists of the following (in millions):
Cash consideration paid at closing $ 18.9
Escrow payments 4.3
Fair value of contingent consideration 5.5
Total purchase consideration $ 28.7
The fair value of the earn-out payments on the 3Z acquisition date was determined by applying a risk-neutral framework using a Monte Carlo Simulation.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The identified tangible and intangible assets acquired, on the acquisition date, were as follows (in millions):
Tangible assets acquired $ 4.1
Intangible assets acquired:
Developed technology 4.4
Customer relationships 7.9
Customer backlog 0.1
Goodwill 12.2
Total consideration transferred $ 28.7
The allocation of the purchase price to tangible assets, based on the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, was as follows (in millions):
Cash $ 2.2
Total other assets 3.6
Total liabilities (1.7)
Net tangible assets acquired $ 4.1
Acquired intangible assets fair value is derived from a valuation based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. The fair values of acquired customer relationships and developed technology were determined based on the excess earnings method and relief from royalty method, respectively, variations of the income approach. The intangible assets are being amortized over their estimated useful lives, which range from five to six years. Customer backlog will be fully amortized within one year.
Goodwill arising from this acquisition is primarily attributed to sales of future products and services of 3Z. Goodwill has been assigned to the NE segment and is not deductible for tax purposes.
Results of operations of 3Z have been included in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements subsequent to the date of acquisition. Proforma or historical post-acquisition results of operations have not been presented because the effect of the acquisition was not material to prior period financial statements.
RPC Photonics, Inc. Acquisition
On October 30, 2018, the Company acquired all of the equity interest of RPC Photonics, Inc. (RPC) for approximately $33.4 million in cash and an additional earn-out of up to $53.0 million in cash based on the achievement of certain gross profit targets over an approximate four year period. The $33.4 million cash consideration includes escrow payments of $3.5 million, which are reserved for potential breaches of representations and warranties. The acquisition of RPC expands the Company’s 3D Sensing offerings.
The RPC acquisition met the definition of a business and the acquisition has been accounted for in accordance with the authoritative guidance on business combinations; therefore, the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at fair value on the acquisition date. Acquisition related costs incurred were not material.
The fair value of consideration transferred for the RPC acquisition consists of the following (in millions):
Cash consideration paid at closing $ 29.9
Escrow payments 3.5
Fair value of contingent consideration 36.2
Total purchase consideration $ 69.6
The fair value of the earn-out payments on the RPC acquisition date was determined by applying a risk-neutral framework using a Monte Carlo Simulation.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The identified tangible and intangible assets, on the acquisition date, were as follows (in millions):
Tangible assets acquired: $ 5.7
Intangible assets acquired:
Developed technology 15.7
Customer relationships 14.0
Customer backlog 0.3
Goodwill 33.9
Total consideration transferred $ 69.6
The allocation of the purchase price to tangible assets, based on the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, was as follows (in millions):
Cash $ 1.8
Other current assets 1.8
Property and equipment 2.6
Total liabilities (0.5)
Net tangible assets acquired $ 5.7
The fair values of acquired customer relationships and developed technology were determined based on the excess earnings method and relief from royalty method, respectively, variations of the income approach. The intangible assets are being amortized over their estimated useful lives that range from six to seven years. Customer backlog will be fully amortized within one year.
Goodwill arising from this acquisition is primarily attributed to sales of future products and services of RPC. Goodwill has been assigned to the OSP segment and is not deductible for tax purposes.
Results of operations of RPC have been included in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements subsequent to the date of acquisition. Proforma or historical post-acquisition results of operations have not been presented because the effect of the acquisition was not material to prior period financial statements.
Other Acquisitions:
During the twelve months ended June 27, 2020, the Company completed an asset acquisition for total consideration of approximately $5.2 million in cash paid at close and an earn-out liability of up to $5.5 million cash to be paid based on the occurrence or achievement of certain agreed upon targets. In connection with this acquisition, the Company recorded $6.2 million of developed technology and customer relationships and $1.4 million of deferred tax liability resulting from the acquisitions. The acquired developed technology and customer relationship assets are being amortized over their estimated useful lives of six years.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The following table provides a reconciliation of changes in fair value of the Company’s earn-out liabilities for the years ended July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, as follows (in millions):
RPC Other (1)
Total
Balance: June 29, 2019 $ 30.3 $ 8.1 $ 38.4
Additions to Contingent Consideration - 3.7 3.7
Change in Fair Value measurement (29.6) (1.9) (31.5)
Payments of Contingent Consideration (0.7) - (0.7)
Balance: June 27, 2020 $ - $ 9.9 $ 9.9
Change in Fair Value measurement - (4.7) (4.7)
Payments of Contingent Consideration - (1.2) (1.2)
Balance July 3, 2021 $ - $ 4.0 $ 4.0
(1)See Note 5. Acquisitions and of the Notes to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for more detail.
Note 6. Balance Sheet and Other Details
Contract Balances
Unbilled Receivables: The Company records a receivable when an unconditional right to consideration exists and transfer of control has occurred, such that only the passage of time is required before payment of consideration is due. Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of customer invoicing. Payment terms vary based on product or service offerings and payment is generally required within 30 to 90 days from date of invoicing. Certain performance obligations may require payment before delivery of the service to the customer.
Contract assets: A Contract Asset is recognized when a conditional right to consideration exists and transfer of control has occurred. Contract Assets include fixed fee professional services, where the transfer of services has occurred in advance of the Company's right to invoice. Contract Assets, included in accounts receivable, net, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, are not material to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Contract Asset balances will fluctuate based upon the timing of transfer of services, billings and customers’ acceptance of contractual milestones.
Gross receivables include both billed and Unbilled Receivables/Contract Assets. As of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, the Company had total Unbilled Receivables/Contract Assets of $6.2 million and $3.8 million, respectively.
Deferred revenue: Deferred revenue consists of contract liabilities primarily related to support, solution deployment services, software maintenance, product, professional services, and training when the Company has a right to invoice or payments have been received and transfer of control has not occurred. Revenue is recognized on these items when the revenue recognition criteria are met, generally resulting in ratable recognition over the contract term. Contract liabilities are included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The Company also has short-term and long-term deferred revenues related to undelivered hardware and professional services, consisting of installations and consulting engagements, which are recognized as the Company's performance obligations under the contract are completed and accepted by the customer.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The following tables summarize the activity related to deferred revenue, for the year ended July 3, 2021 (in millions):
July 3, 2021
Deferred revenue:
Balance at beginning of period $ 74.6
Revenue deferrals for new contracts (1)
125.7
Revenue recognized during the period (2)
(110.8)
Balance at end of period (3)
$ 89.5
Short-term deferred revenue $ 69.7
Long-term deferred revenue $ 19.8
(1)Included in these amounts is the impact from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.
(2)Revenue recognized during the period represents releases from the balance at the beginning of the period as well as releases from the following period quarter-end deferrals.
(3)The long-term portion of deferred revenue is included as a component of Other non-current liabilities.
Remaining performance obligations: Remaining performance obligations represent the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations not delivered or are incomplete, as of July 3, 2021. Remaining performance obligations include deferred revenue plus unbilled amounts not yet recorded. The aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations does not include amounts owed under cancellable contracts where there is no substantive termination penalty.
Remaining performance obligation estimates are subject to change and are affected by several factors, including terminations, changes in the scope of contracts, periodic revalidation, adjustments for revenue that has not materialized, and adjustments for currency.
The value of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations as of July 3, 2021, was $283.1 million. The Company expects to recognize 92% of remaining performance obligations as revenue within the next 12 months, and the remainder thereafter.
Accounts Receivable Allowances
The table below presents the activities and balances for allowance for doubtful accounts, as follows (in millions):
Balance at Beginning of Period Charged to Costs and Expenses Deduction (1) Balance at
End of Period
Year Ended July 3, 2021 $ 3.0 $ 1.1 $ (2.1) $ 2.0
Year Ended June 27, 2020 2.0 2.0 (1.0) 3.0
Year Ended June 29, 2019 2.4 1.4 (1.8) 2.0
(1)Represents the effect of currency translation adjustments and write-offs of uncollectible accounts, net of recoveries.
Inventories, net
The following table presents the components of inventories, net, as follows (in millions):
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020
Finished goods $ 41.0 $ 30.0
Work in process 16.6 22.5
Raw materials 37.3 30.8
Inventories, net $ 94.9 $ 83.3
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Prepayments and Other Current Assets
The following table presents the components of prepayments and other current assets, as follows (in millions):
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020
Prepayments $ 13.4 $ 10.9
Assets held for sale 6.5 2.5
Advances to contract manufacturers 10.1 7.3
Refundable income taxes 5.9 10.8
Transaction tax receivables 13.2 10.6
Other current assets 7.9 8.7
Prepayments and other current assets $ 57.0 $ 50.8
Property, Plant and Equipment, net
The following table presents the components of property, plant and equipment, net, as follows (in millions):
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020
Land $ 19.9 $ 16.8
Buildings and improvements 34.8 22.9
Machinery and equipment 325.3 298.5
Furniture, fixtures, software and office equipment 74.3 74.3
Leasehold improvements 69.5 66.8
Construction in progress 30.1 15.6
Property, plant and equipment, gross 553.9 494.9
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(357.9) (322.4)
Property, plant and equipment, net $ 196.0 $ 172.5
Other current liabilities
The following table presents the components of other current liabilities, as follows (in millions):
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020
Customer prepayments $ 0.4 $ 0.5
Restructuring accrual 0.5 6.5
Income tax payable 22.6 10.7
Warranty accrual 4.3 4.6
Transaction tax payable 4.9 3.2
Operating lease liabilities (Note 12)
11.6 11.7
Other 12.8 11.2
Other current liabilities $ 57.1 $ 48.4
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Other Non-current Liabilities
The following table presents the components of other non-current liabilities, as follows (in millions):
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020
Pension and post-employment benefits $ 97.0 $ 102.7
Deferred tax liability 24.3 23.9
Financing obligation 16.1 16.2
Fair value of contingent consideration (1)
- 9.4
Long-term deferred revenue 19.8 20.0
Operating lease liabilities (Note 12)
30.8 28.1
Uncertain tax position 18.3 11.6
Warranty accrual 5.4 4.8
Other 14.3 14.5
Other non-current liabilities $ 226.0 $ 231.2
(1)See “Note 5. Acquisitions” and “Note 8. Fair Value Measurements” of the Notes to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for more detail.
Interest Income and Other Income, net
The following table presents the components of interest income and other income, net, as follows (in millions):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Interest income $ 2.9 $ 7.1 $ 8.1
Foreign exchange gain (loss), net - 2.1 (2.9)
Other income, net 0.4 0.5 1.5
Loss on sale of investments - (0.1) (0.5)
Interest income and other income, net $ 3.3 $ 9.6 $ 6.2
Note 7. Investments and Forward Contracts
Short-Term Investments
As of July 3, 2021, the Company’s short-term investments of $1.6 million were comprised primarily of trading securities related to the deferred compensation plan, of which $0.3 million was invested in debt securities, $1.0 million was invested in equity securities and $0.3 million was invested in money market instruments. Trading securities are reported at fair value, with the unrealized gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of interest and other income, net.
As of June 27, 2020, the Company’s short-term investments of $1.5 million were comprised primarily of trading securities related to the deferred compensation plan, of which $0.3 million was invested in debt securities, $0.9 million was invested in equity securities and $0.3 million was invested in money market instruments and other. Trading securities are reported at fair value, with the unrealized gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of interest and other income, net.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Non-Designated Foreign Currency Forward Contracts
The Company has foreign subsidiaries that operate and sell the Company’s products in various markets around the world. As a result, the Company is exposed to foreign exchange risks. The Company utilizes foreign exchange forward contracts to manage foreign currency risk associated with foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities, primarily certain short-term intercompany receivables and payables, and to reduce the volatility of earnings and cash flows related to foreign-currency transactions. The Company does not use these foreign currency forward contracts for trading purposes.
As of July 3, 2021, the Company had forward contracts that were effectively closed but not settled with the counterparties by year end. Therefore, the fair value of these contracts of $2.6 million and $1.4 million is reflected as prepayments and other current assets and other current liabilities, respectively. As of June 27, 2020, the fair value of these contracts of $2.2 million and $1.5 million is reflected as prepayments and other current assets and other current liabilities, respectively.
The forward contracts outstanding and not effectively closed, with a term of less than 120 days, were transacted near year end; therefore, the fair value of the contracts is not significant. As of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, the notional amounts of the forward contracts that Company held to purchase foreign currencies were $114.0 million and $146.4 million, respectively, and the notional amounts of forward contracts that Company held to sell foreign currencies were $27.8 million and $22.0 million, respectively.
The change in the fair value of these foreign currency forward contracts is recorded as gain or loss in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of interest and other income, net. The cash flows related to the settlement of foreign currency forward contracts are classified as operating activities. The foreign exchange forward contracts incurred a gain of $14.5 million and a loss of $0.8 million for the years ended July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, respectively.
Note 8. Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities are classified under a fair value hierarchy in three levels of inputs as described in “Note 1. Basis of Presentation.” This includes: Level 1-Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2-Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability and market-corroborated inputs; and, Level 3-Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value for the periods presented are as follows (in millions):
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets:
Debt available-for-sale securities:
Asset-backed securities $ 0.4 $ - $ 0.4 $ - $ 0.5 $ - $ 0.5 $ -
Total debt available-for-sale securities 0.4 - 0.4 - 0.5 - 0.5 -
Money market funds 408.9 408.9 - - 334.6 334.6 - -
Trading securities 1.6 1.6 - - 1.4 1.4 - -
Foreign currency forward contracts (1)
2.6 - 2.6 - 2.2 - 2.2 -
Total assets (2)
$ 413.5 $ 410.5 $ 3.0 $ - $ 338.7 $ 336.0 $ 2.7 $ -
Liability:
Foreign currency forward contracts (3)
$ 1.4 $ - $ 1.4 $ - $ 1.5 $ - $ 1.5 $ -
Contingent consideration (4)
4.0 - - 4.0 9.9 - - 9.9
Total liabilities $ 5.4 $ - $ 1.4 $ 4.0 $ 11.4 $ - $ 1.5 $ 9.9
(1)$2.6 million and $2.2 million in prepayments and other current assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, respectively.
(2)Includes as of July 3, 2021, $401.0 million in cash and cash equivalents, $1.6 million in short-term investments, $2.7 million in restricted cash, $2.6 million in prepayments and other current assets, and $5.6 million in other non-current assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Includes as of June 27, 2020, $327.2 million in cash and cash equivalents, $1.4 million in short-term investments, $3.4 million in restricted cash, $2.2 million in prepayments and other current assets and $4.5 million in other non-current assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(3)Includes $1.4 million and $1.5 million in other current liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, respectively.
(4)Includes $0.0 million and $9.4 million in other non-current liabilities and $4.0 million and $0.5 million in other current liabilities as of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, respectively.
Note 9. Goodwill
Changes in the carry value of goodwill allocated segment are as follows (in millions):
Network
Enablement Service
Enablement Optical Security
and Performance
Products Total
Balance as of June 29, 2019 (1)
$ 338.9 $ - $ 42.2 $ 381.1
Acquisitions (2)
- 4.3 - 4.3
Currency translation and other adjustments (4.0) - - (4.0)
Balance as of June 27, 2020 (3)
$ 334.9 $ 4.3 $ 42.2 $ 381.4
Currency translation 14.8 0.3 - 15.1
Balance as of July 03, 2021 (4)
$ 349.7 $ 4.6 $ 42.2 $ 396.5
(1)Gross goodwill balances for NE, SE and OSP were $640.8 million, $272.6 million and $126.7 million, respectively as of June 29, 2019. Accumulated impairment for NE, SE and OSP was $301.9 million, $272.6 million and $84.5 million, respectively as of June 29, 2019.
(2)See “Note 5. Acquisitions” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statement for additional information related to the Company’s acquisitions.
(3)Gross goodwill balances for NE, SE and OSP were $636.8 million, $276.9 million and $126.7 million, respectively as of June 27, 2020. Accumulated impairment for NE, SE and OSP was $301.9 million, $272.6 million and $84.5 million, respectively as of June 27, 2020.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(4)Gross goodwill balances for NE, SE and OSP were $651.6 million, $277.2 million and $126.7 million, respectively as of July 3, 2021. Accumulated impairment for NE, SE and OSP was $301.9 million, $272.6 million and $84.5 million, respectively as of July 3, 2021.
Impairment of Goodwill
The Company tests goodwill at the reporting unit level for impairment annually, during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. The Company determined that, based on its organizational structure and the financial information that is provided to and reviewed by the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) during fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019 and its reporting units were NE, SE and OSP.
No indications of impairment were identified for fiscal years ending on July 3, 2021, June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019.
Note 10. Acquired Developed Technology and Other Intangibles
The following tables present details of the Company’s acquired developed technology, customer relationships and other intangibles as of July 3, 2021, and June 27, 2020, (in millions):
As of July 03, 2021 Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Life Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net
Acquired developed technology 3.2 years $ 423.8 $ (356.9) $ 66.9
Customer relationships 3.5 years 195.4 (180.8) 14.6
Other (1)
1.1 years 37.9 (31.4) 6.5
Total intangibles $ 657.1 $ (569.1) $ 88.0
As of June 27, 2020 Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Life Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net
Acquired developed technology 3.7 years $ 437.1 $ (341.6) $ 95.5
Customer relationships 2.6 years 194.7 (154.1) 40.6
Other (1)
2.0 years 35.7 (23.7) 12.0
Total intangibles $ 667.5 $ (519.4) $ 148.1
(1)Other intangibles consist of customer backlog, non-competition agreements, patents, proprietary know-how and trade secrets, trademarks and trade names.
The following table presents details of the Company’s amortization of acquired technology and other intangibles, (in millions):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Cost of revenues $ 33.2 $ 32.7 $ 34.4
Operating expense 33.3 35.1 38.1
Total $ 66.5 $ 67.8 $ 72.5
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Based on the carrying amount of acquired developed technology, customer relationships and other intangibles as of July 3, 2021, and assuming no future impairment of the underlying assets, the estimated future amortization is as follows (in millions):
Fiscal Years
2022 $ 39.5
2023 25.5
2024 10.3
2025 6.8
2026 3.1
Thereafter 2.8
Total amortization $ 88.0
Note 11. Debt
As of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, the Company’s debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets was as follows, including the carrying amounts of the liability and equity components of the Senior Convertible Notes (in millions):
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020
Principal amount of 1.00% Senior Convertible Notes due 2024
$ 460.0 $ -
Unamortized discount of Senior Convertible Notes liability component, short-term (42.9) -
Unamortized Senior Convertible Notes debt issuance cost, short-term (2.9) -
Other short-term debt - 2.8
Short-term debt 414.2 2.8
Principal amount of 1.00% Senior Convertible Notes due 2024
- 460.0
Principal amount of 1.75% Senior Convertible Notes due 2023
225.0 225.0
Unamortized discount of Senior Convertible Notes liability component, long-term (14.4) (79.1)
Unamortized Senior Convertible Notes debt issuance cost, long-term (0.8) (5.0)
Long-term debt 209.8 600.9
Temporary equity 1.00% Convertible Notes due 2024 45.8 -
Carrying amount of Senior Convertible Notes equity component (1)
$ 91.0 $ 136.8
(1)Included in additional paid-in-capital on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Revolving Credit Facility
On May 5, 2020, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the Credit Agreement) with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (Wells Fargo) as administrative agent, and other lender related parties. The Credit Agreement provides for a $300 million senior secured revolving credit facility, which matures on March 1, 2023. The Credit Agreement also provides that, under certain circumstances, the Company may incur term loans or increase the aggregate principal amount of revolving commitments by an aggregate amount of up to $200 million plus additional amounts so long as our secured net leverage ratio, determined on a pro forma basis does not exceed 1.50:1.00. The proceeds from the credit facility established under the Credit Agreement will be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes. The obligations under the Credit Agreement are secured by substantially all of our assets.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement accrue interest at a rate equal to either, at our election, LIBOR plus a margin of 1.75% to 2.50% per annum, or a specified base rate plus a margin of 0.75% to 1.50%, in each case, depending on our consolidated secured leverage ratio. The Company is required to pay a commitment fee on the unutilized portion of the facility which ranges between 0.30% and 0.40% per annum depending on our consolidated secured leverage ratio. As of July 3, 2021, the Company had no amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement.
Short-Term Debt
The short-term debt balance of $414.2 million as of July 3, 2021 represents the current redeemable status of our 1.00% Senior Convertible Notes. See further discussion below under the section "1.00% Senior Convertible Notes (2024 Notes)" as it relates to reclassification of these notes from long-term debt to short-term debt at the end of fiscal 2021. The short-term debt of $2.8 million as of June 27, 2020 was assumed as part of an acquisition completed in fiscal 2020 and was paid in full during fiscal 2021.
1.75% Senior Convertible Notes (2023 Notes)
On May 29, 2018, the Company issued $225.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.75% Senior Convertible Notes due 2023 in a private offering to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company issued $155.5 million aggregate principal of the 2023 Notes to certain holders of the 2033 Notes in exchange for $151.5 million principal of the 2033 Notes (the Exchange Transaction) and issued and sold $69.5 million aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes in a private placement to accredited institutional buyers (the Private Placement). The carrying value of the liability component at issuance was calculated as the present value of its cash flows using a discount rate of 5.3% based on the 5-year swap rate plus credit spread as of the issuance date. As of July 3, 2021, the expected remaining term of the 2023 Notes is 1.9 years.
The proceeds from the 2023 Notes Private Placement amounted to $67.3 million after issuance costs. The 2023 Notes are an unsecured obligation of the Company and bear interest at an annual rate of 1.75% payable in cash semi-annually in arrears on June 1st and December 1st of each year, beginning December 1, 2018. The 2023 Notes mature on June 1, 2023 unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased.
The 2023 Notes may be converted under certain circumstances, based on an initial conversion rate of 71.7231 shares (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $13.94 per share), at the option of the holders into cash up to the principal amount, with the remaining amount converted into cash, shares of the Company’s common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock at the Company’s election. The conversion rate, and thus the conversion price, may be adjusted under certain circumstances. The initial conversion price represents a 37.5% premium to the closing sale price of the Company’s common stock on the pricing date, May 22, 2018, which will be subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. Holders may convert the 2023 Notes at any time on or prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding March 1, 2023 in multiples of $1,000 principal amount, under the following circumstances:
•On any date during any calendar quarter beginning after September 30, 2018 (and only during such calendar quarter) if the closing price of the Company’s common stock was more than 130% of the then current conversion price for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the 30 consecutive trading-day period ending the last trading day of the previous calendar quarter;
•Upon the occurrence of specified corporate events;
•If the Company is party to a specified transaction, a fundamental change or a make-whole fundamental change (each as defined in the indenture of the 2023 Notes); or
•During the five consecutive business-day period immediately following any ten consecutive trading-day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of the 2023 Notes for each day of such ten consecutive trading-day period was less than 98% of the product of the closing sale price of VIAVI common stock and the applicable conversion rate on such date.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
During the periods from, and including, March 1, 2023, until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding June 1, 2023, holders may convert the 2023 Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.
Holders of the 2023 Notes may require the Company to purchase all or a portion of the 2023 Notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2023 Notes to be purchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding the fundamental repurchase date. The Company may redeem all or a portion of the 2023 Notes for cash at any time on or after June 1, 2021, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2023 Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date under certain conditions.
In accordance with the authoritative accounting guidance, the Company separated the 2023 Notes into liability and equity components. The credit spread for the Company is based on the historical average “yield to worst” rate for BB rated issuers. The difference between the 2023 Notes principal and the carrying value of the liability component, representing the value of conversion premium assigned to the equity component, was recorded as a debt discount on the issuance date and is being accreted using the effective interest rate of 5.3% over the period from the issuance date through June 1, 2023 as a non-cash charge to interest expense. The carrying value of the liability component was determined to be $190.1 million, and the equity component, or debt discount, of the 2023 Notes was determined to be $34.9 million.
In connection with the issuance of the 2023 Notes, the Company incurred $2.2 million of issuance costs, which were bifurcated into the debt issuance costs, attributable to the liability component of $1.9 million and the equity issuance costs, attributable to the equity component of $0.3 million based on their relative values. The debt issuance costs were capitalized and are being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest rate method from issuance date through June 1, 2023. The equity issuance costs were netted against the equity component in additional paid-in capital at the issuance date. As of July 3, 2021, the unamortized portion of the debt issuance costs related to the 2023 Notes was $0.8 million, which was included as a direct reduction from the carrying amount of the debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Based on quoted market prices as of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, the fair value of the 2023 Notes was approximately $300.7 million and $251.4 million, respectively. The 2023 Notes are classified within Level 2 as they are not actively traded in markets.
1.00% Senior Convertible Notes (2024 Notes)
On March 3, 2017, the Company issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of 1.00% Senior Convertible Notes due 2024 in a private offering to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. On March 22, 2017, the Company issued an additional $60 million upon exercise of the over-allotment option of the initial purchasers. The total proceeds from the 2024 Notes amounted to $451.1 million after issuance costs. The 2024 Notes are an unsecured obligation of the Company and bear interest at an annual rate of 1.00% payable in cash semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year. The 2024 Notes mature on March 1, 2024 unless earlier converted or repurchased.
The 2024 Notes may be converted under certain circumstances, based on an initial conversion rate of 75.6229 shares (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $13.22 per share), at the option of the holders into cash up to the principal amount, with the remaining amount converted into cash, shares of the Company’s common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock at the Company’s election. The conversion rate, and thus the conversion price, may be adjusted under certain circumstances. The initial conversion price represents a 32.5% premium to the closing sale price of the Company’s common stock on the pricing date, February 27, 2017, which will be subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The 2024 Notes may be converted at any time on or prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding December 1, 2023, in multiples of $1,000 principal amount, at the option of the holder only under the following circumstances:
•On any date during any calendar quarter beginning after June 30, 2017 (and only during such calendar quarter) if the closing price of the Company’s common stock was more than 130% of the then current conversion price for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the 30 consecutive trading-day period ending on the last trading day of the previous calendar quarter;
•If the Company distributes to all or substantially all holders of its common stock rights or warrants (other than pursuant to a stockholder rights plan) entitling them to purchase, for a period of 45 calendar days or less, shares of VIAVI’s common stock at a price less than the average closing sale price of VIAVI’s common stock for the ten trading days preceding the declaration date for such distribution;
•If the Company distributes to all or substantially all holders of its common stock, cash or other assets, debt securities or rights to purchase our securities (other than pursuant to a stockholder rights plan), at a per share value exceeding 10% of the closing sale price of the Company’s common stock on the trading day preceding the declaration date for such distribution;
•If the Company is party to a specified transaction, a fundamental change or a make-whole fundamental change (each as defined in the Indenture of the 2024 Notes); or
•During the five consecutive business-day period immediately following any ten consecutive trading-day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of the 2024 Notes for each day of such ten consecutive trading-day period was less than 98% of the product of the closing sale price of VIAVI’s common stock and the applicable conversion rate on such date.
During the periods from, and including December 1, 2023 until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding March 1, 2024, holders may convert the 2024 Notes at any time regardless of the foregoing circumstances.
Holders of the 2024 Notes may require the Company to purchase all or a portion of the 2024 Notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change at a purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2024 Notes to be purchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental repurchase date.
The Indenture provides for customary events of default, including payment defaults, breaches of covenants, failure to pay certain judgments and certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization. If an event of default occurs and is continuing, the principal amount of the 2024 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, may be declared immediately due and payable, subject to certain conditions set forth in the Indenture. These amounts automatically become due and payable if an event of default relating to certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occurs.
In accordance with the authoritative accounting guidance, the Company separated the 2024 Notes into liability and equity components. The credit spread for the Company is based on the historical average “yield to worst” rate for BB rated issuers. The carrying value of the liability component at issuance was calculated as the present value of its cash flows using a discount rate of 4.8% based on the 7-year swap rate plus credit spread as of the issuance date. The difference between the 2024 Notes principal and the carrying value of the liability component, representing the value of conversion premium assigned to the equity component, was recorded as a debt discount on the issuance date and is being accreted using the effective interest rate of 4.8% over the period from the issuance date through March 1, 2024 as a non-cash charge to interest expense. The carrying value of the liability component was determined to be $358.1 million, and the equity component, or debt discount, of the 2024 Notes was determined to be $101.9 million. As of July 3, 2021, the expected remaining term of the 2024 Notes is 2.7 years.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
In connection with the issuance of the 2024 Notes, the Company incurred $8.9 million of issuance costs, which were bifurcated into the debt issuance costs, attributable to the liability component of $6.9 million and the equity issuance costs, attributable to the equity component of $2.0 million based on their relative values. The debt issuance costs were capitalized and are being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest rate method from issuance date through March 1, 2024. The equity issuance costs were netted against the equity component in additional paid-in capital at the issuance date. As of July 3, 2021, the unamortized portion of the debt issuance costs related to the 2024 Notes was $2.9 million, which was included as a direct reduction from the carrying amount of the debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, the closing price of our common stock exceeded the 130% of the applicable conversion price of the 2024 Notes, on at least 20 of the last 30 consecutive trading days of the calendar quarter, causing the 2024 Notes to be convertible by their holders for the period of July 1, 2021 to September 30, 2021. As the settlement of conversion of the 2024 Notes is in cash for the principal amount and, if applicable, cash and/or shares of our common stock for any conversion premium at the Company’s election. As a result, $414.2 million in book value of the Notes has been reclassified to short-term debt and the difference in the book value and the face value of the 2024 Notes, of $45.8 million, has been reclassified from permanent equity to temporary equity. The Company is not aware of, nor expects, any conversion requests by holders as the market price of the 2024 Notes exceeds its conversion value.
Based on quoted market prices as of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, the fair value of the 2024 Notes was approximately $646.9 million and $523.3 million, respectively. The 2024 Notes are classified within Level 2 as they are not actively traded in markets.
The Company was in compliance with all debt covenants as of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020.
Interest Expense
The following table presents the interest expense for contractual interest, amortization of debt issuance cost and accretion of debt discount (in millions):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Interest expense-contractual interest $ 9.5 $ 8.5 $ 8.8
Amortization of debt issuance cost 2.0 1.4 1.4
Accretion of debt discount 21.7 20.8 21.3
Note 12. Leases
The Company is a lessee in several operating leases, primarily real estate facilities for office space. The Company's lease arrangements are composed of operating leases with various expiration dates through March 31, 2042. The Company's leases do not contain any material residual value guarantees.
During the fiscal year ending on July 3, 2021, the total operating lease costs were $13.9 million. Total variable lease costs were immaterial during the fiscal year ending on July 3, 2021. The total operating costs were included in cost of revenues, research and development, and selling, general and administrative in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.
As of July 3, 2021, the weighted-average remaining lease term was 7.7 years, and the weighted-average discount rate was 4.7%.
During the fiscal year ending on July 3, 2021, cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was $15.1 million; and operating ROU assets obtained in exchange of new operating lease liabilities was $15.4 million.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The balance sheet information related to our operating leases is as follows (in millions):
July 3, 2021
Other non-current assets $ 45.1
Total operating ROU assets $ 45.1
Other current liabilities $ 11.6
Other non-current liabilities 30.8
Total operating lease liabilities $ 42.4
Future minimum operating lease payments as of July 3, 2021 are as follows (in millions):
Operating Leases
Fiscal 2022 $ 11.7
Fiscal 2023 9.4
Fiscal 2024 6.8
Fiscal 2025 4.9
Fiscal 2026 3.8
Thereafter 13.7
Total lease payments 50.3
Less: Interest (7.9)
Present value of lease liabilities $ 42.4
Future minimum operating lease payments as of June 27, 2020, were as follows (in millions):
Operating Leases
Fiscal 2021 $ 12.8
Fiscal 2022 10.2
Fiscal 2023 6.0
Fiscal 2024 4.6
Fiscal 2025 3.6
Thereafter 7.5
Total lease payments 44.7
Less: Interest (4.9)
Present value of lease liabilities $ 39.8
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Note 13. Restructuring and Related Charges
The Company's restructuring events are primarily intended to reduce costs, consolidate operations, streamline product manufacturing and address market conditions. During fiscal year 2021, the Company recorded a benefit related to restructuring actions of $1.6 million, and in fiscal years 2020 and 2019, restructuring and related charges of $3.5 million and $15.4 million, respectively. A summary of the activity in the remaining restructuring plan is outlined below (in millions):
Balance as of June 27, 2020 Fiscal Year 2021 Charges Cash
Settlements Non-cash
Settlements
and Other
Adjustments Balance as of July 3, 2021
Fiscal 2019 NSE, including AW $ 6.5 $ (1.6) $ (4.3) $ (0.1) $ 0.5
The NSE, including AW Restructuring Plan was approved by Management during the first quarter of fiscal 2019. The plan is part of a strategy to improve overall profitability in the NSE business segment and included actions related to consolidation, integration and workforce reduction. The plan was re-approved in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 and the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 to include additional headcount. The balances of $0.5 million and $6.5 million as of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, respectively, are included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Payments related to the remaining severance and benefits accrual will be paid in fiscal 2022.
Note 14. Income Taxes
The Company’s income (loss) before income taxes consisted of the following (in millions):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Domestic $ (43.1) $ (35.1) $ (66.9)
Foreign 152.5 129.2 106.2
Income before income taxes $ 109.4 $ 94.1 $ 39.3
The Company’s income tax expense (benefit) consisted of the following (in millions):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Federal:
Current $ - $ - $ -
Deferred - - -
Total federal income tax expense - - -
State:
Current 20.1 2.7 0.1
Deferred - - -
Total state income tax expense 20.1 2.7 0.1
Foreign:
Current 44.8 50.1 33.3
Deferred (1.6) 12.5 (1.9)
Total foreign income tax (benefit) expense 43.2 62.6 31.4
Total income tax expense $ 63.3 $ 65.3 $ 31.5
The state current expense primarily relates to state taxes incurred as a result of the internal intellectual property restructuring which, was undertaken in the fourth quarter of the fiscal year 2021.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The foreign current expense primarily relates to the Company’s profitable operations in certain foreign jurisdictions and withholding tax paid on the repatriation of foreign earnings during the year. The foreign deferred tax (benefit) expense relates to the release of valuation allowance in a foreign jurisdiction and the amortization of purchased intangible assets.
A reconciliation of the Company’s income tax expense at the federal statutory rate to the income tax expense at the effective tax rate is as follows (in millions):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Income tax expense computed at federal statutory rate $ 23.0 $ 19.8 $ 8.3
Withholding Taxes 8.7 34.2 1.5
US Inclusion of foreign earnings 3.6 12.8 16.0
Valuation allowance 5.5 0.7 1.0
Foreign rate differential 3.9 4.5 4.8
Reserves 8.6 2.3 3.5
Permanent items 0.8 (0.3) (1.4)
Fair value change of the earn-out liability (1.5) (6.6) (1.3)
Reversal of previously accrued taxes (2.1) (3.7) (1.2)
Research and experimentation benefits and other tax credits (0.5) (0.2) -
State taxes 12.9 2.1 0.1
Other 0.4 (0.3) 0.2
Income tax expense $ 63.3 $ 65.3 $ 31.5
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The components of the Company’s net deferred taxes consisted of the following (in millions):
Balance as of
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Gross deferred tax assets:
Tax credit carryforwards $ 135.7 $ 159.5 $ 164.3
Net operating loss carryforwards 536.1 1,118.6 1,206.9
Capital loss carryforwards 1.1 63.9 63.9
Inventories 28.9 20.3 9.6
Accruals and reserves 66.5 61.6 55.6
Intangibles including acquisition-related items 632.4 45.1 42.1
Capitalized research costs 15.7 72.0 -
Other 66.1 44.6 43.1
Gross deferred tax assets 1,482.5 1,585.6 1,585.5
Valuation allowance (1,295.9) (1,405.5) (1,405.3)
Deferred tax assets 186.6 180.1 180.2
Gross deferred tax liabilities:
Acquisition-related items (29.1) (31.8) (33.5)
Tax on unrepatriated earnings (18.4) (15.6) (1.8)
Foreign branch taxes (22.3) (21.4) (22.0)
Other (31.9) (29.8) (29.1)
Deferred tax liabilities (101.7) (98.6) (86.4)
Total net deferred tax assets $ 84.9 $ 81.5 $ 93.8
As of July 3, 2021, the Company had federal, state and foreign tax net operating loss carryforwards of $2,078.8 million, $521.7 million and $532.9 million, respectively, and federal, state and foreign research and other tax credit carryforwards of $85.9 million, $49.0 million and $0.1 million, respectively. The federal tax net operating loss carryforwards start to expire in fiscal year 2023 and at various dates through 2038 if not utilized. The federal credit carryforwards start to expire fiscal year 2022 and at various dates through fiscal year 2042 if not utilized. The state tax net operating loss carryforwards start to expire in fiscal year 2022 and at various dates through 2041 if not utilized. The state research credit start to expire in fiscal year 2023 but a majority of the state credits have an indefinite carryforward period. In addition, a portion of the foreign tax net operating loss, tax credit and capital loss carryforwards have an indefinite carryforward period. Utilization of the tax net operating losses may be subject to a substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code and similar state and foreign provisions. Loss carryforward limitations may result in the expiration or reduced utilization of a portion of the Company’s net operating losses.
On July 2, 2021, the Company completed a planned series of internal transactions restructuring certain of VIAVI’s intellectual properties. The result of which aligns the properties in a single entity which owns, manages, directs, and protects the properties, including but not limited to patents, product designs, processes, manufacturing technologies, know-how, and trade secrets. In conjunction with the internal restructuring, $2.3 billion ($482 million tax effected) of US federal net operating loss carryforwards were utilized, the Company recognized a new deferred tax asset relating to the book and tax basis difference of certain intangible assets of $589 million. Given the full valuation allowance that is carried on the Company’s US deferred tax assets, the change in the deferred taxes as a result of the transaction does not have material impact on the financial statements. The Company recorded state tax expense including reserves for uncertain tax positions of $19.1 million related to this transaction.
Foreign withholding taxes associated with the repatriation of earnings of foreign subsidiaries have not been provided on $11.2 million of undistributed earnings for certain foreign subsidiaries. The Company intends to reinvest these earnings indefinitely outside of the United States. The Company estimates that an additional $2.1 million of foreign withholding taxes would have to be provided if these earnings were repatriated back to the U.S.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
During fiscal year 2020, in light of the economic uncertainty caused by COVID-19, the Company reevaluated its historic assertion on foreign earnings and no longer considered a majority of its earnings to be permanently reinvested resulting in a $32.5 million charge for withholding taxes expected to be paid on the repatriation of $324.0 million of foreign earnings that the Company does not consider to be permanently reinvested. During the third quarter of fiscal 2020, which included changing the Company’s intent with regard to the indefinite reinvestment of such foreign earnings, the Company initially accrued $31.6 million for withholding taxes expected to be paid on the repatriation of $316.4 million of accumulated foreign earnings that it no longer considers to be permanently reinvested as of the third quarter. During fiscal year 2020, the Company paid $19.5 million withholding income tax on the repatriation of foreign earnings. The repatriation of these earnings increases available cash in the U.S. and provides greater U.S. financial flexibility to assist the Company in navigating the expected downturn in the economy. The foreign earnings are being repatriated to the U.S. without incurring any significant additional U.S current or deferred tax expense.
On March 27, 2020, the House passed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (The CARES Act), also known as the Third COVID-19 Supplemental Relief bill, and the president signed the legislation into law. Tax provisions of the Act include the deferral of certain payroll taxes, relief for retaining employees, and other provisions. The provisions of the legislation did not have a significant impact on the effective tax rate or the income tax payable and deferred income tax positions of the Company. The Company continues to monitor additional guidance issued by the U.S. Treasury Department, the Internal Revenue Service and others.
The valuation allowance decreased by $109.6 million in fiscal 2021, increased by $0.2 million in fiscal 2020, and increased by $23.2 million in fiscal 2019. The decrease during fiscal 2021 was primarily due to the expiration of federal net operating losses, federal capital losses, and federal research credits. The increase during fiscal 2020 was primarily due to the business acquired during the year. The increase during fiscal 2019 was primarily due to the net increase of deferred tax assets resulting from the inclusion of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries in the U.S. tax return as a consequence of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The following table provides information about the activity of our deferred tax valuation allowance (in millions):
Deferred Tax Valuation Allowance Balance at
Beginning
of Period Additions Charged
to Expenses or
Other Accounts (1) Deductions Credited to Expenses or Other Accounts (2) Balance at
End of
Period
Year Ended July 3, 2021 $ 1,405.5 $ 622.0 $ (731.6) $ 1,295.9
Year Ended June 27, 2020 $ 1,405.3 $ 95.1 $ (94.9) $ 1,405.5
Year Ended June 29, 2019 $ 1,382.1 $ 72.8 $ (49.6) $ 1,405.3
(1)Additions include current year additions charged to expenses and current year build due to increases in net deferred tax assets, return to provision true-ups, other adjustments.
(2)Deductions include current year releases credited to expenses and current year reductions due to decreases in net deferred tax assets, return to provision true-ups, other adjustments and increases in deferred tax liabilities.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
A reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits between June 30, 2018 and July 3, 2021 is as follows (in millions):
Balance at June 30, 2018 $ 48.6
Additions based on tax positions related to current year 1.7
Additions based on tax positions related to prior year 7.3
Reduction based on tax positions related to prior year (2.8)
Reductions for lapse of statute of limitations (0.6)
Balance at June 29, 2019 54.2
Additions based on tax positions related to current year 2.2
Additions based on tax positions related to prior year 0.3
Reduction based on tax positions related to prior year (3.8)
Reduction related to settlement (0.4)
Reductions for lapse of statute of limitations (0.5)
Balance at June 27, 2020 52.0
Additions based on tax positions related to current year 14.8
Reduction based on tax positions related to prior year (6.8)
Reduction related to settlement (0.5)
Reductions for lapse of statute of limitations (0.4)
Balance at July 3, 2021 $ 59.1
The unrecognized tax benefits relate primarily to the allocations of revenue and costs among the Company’s global operations and the validity of some U.S. tax credits. Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at July 3, 2021 are $14.2 million of tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate. Also included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at July 3, 2021 are $41.3 million of tax benefits that, if recognized, would result in adjustments to the valuation allowance.
The Company’s policy is to recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the income tax provision. The amount of interest and penalties accrued as of July 3, 2021, June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019 was approximately $4.0 million, $2.7 million, and $3.7 million, respectively. During fiscal 2021, the Company’s accrued interest and penalties increased by $1.3 million. The timing and resolution of income tax examinations is uncertain, and the amounts ultimately paid, if any, upon resolution of issues raised by the taxing authorities may differ from the amounts accrued for each year. Although we do not expect that our balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits will change materially in the next 12 months, given the uncertainty in the development of ongoing income tax examinations, we are unable to estimate the full range of possible adjustments to this balance.
The Company is routinely subject to various federal, state and foreign audits by taxing authorities. The Company believes that adequate amounts have been provided for any adjustments that may result from these examinations.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The following table summarizes the Company’s major tax jurisdictions and the tax years that remain subject to examination by such jurisdictions as of July 3, 2021:
Tax Jurisdictions Tax Years
United States* 2002 and onward
Canada 2020 and onward
China 2016 and onward
France 2018 and onward
Germany 2016 and onward
Korea 2016 and onward
United Kingdom 2019 and onward
*Although the Company is generally subject to a three-year statute of limitations in the U.S., tax authorities maintain the ability to adjust tax attribute carryforwards generated in earlier years.
Note 15. Stockholders' Equity
Repurchase of Common Stock
In September 2019, the Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program of up to $200 million of the Company’s common stock through open market or private transactions before September 30, 2021. As of July 3, 2021, the Company had approximately $112.9 million remaining under the program. On August 18, 2021, the Board of Directors approved to extend the program until September 30, 2022.
The following table summarizes share repurchase activity related to the Company’s stock repurchase program (in millions, except per share amounts):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Total number of shares repurchased 3.0 3.7 1.1
Average price per share $ 14.21 $ 11.99 $ 10.14
Total purchase price $ 42.6 $ 44.4 $ 11.3
Remaining authorization at end of period $ 112.9 $ 155.6 $ 51.4
The total purchase price of these repurchases was reflected as a decrease to common stock based on the stated par value per share with the remainder charged to accumulated deficit. All common shares repurchased during fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019 have been canceled and retired.
Preferred Stock
The Company’s Board of Directors has authority to issue up to 1,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock and to determine the powers, preferences and rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions granted to or imposed upon any wholly unissued shares of undesignated preferred stock and to fix the number of shares constituting any series and the designation of such series, without the consent of the Company’s stockholders. The preferred stock could be issued with voting, liquidation, dividend and other rights superior to those of the holders of common stock. Subsequent issuance of any preferred stock by the Company’s Board of Directors, under some circumstances, could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Note 16. Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-Based Benefit Plans
Stock Option Plans
On November 13, 2019, the Company's stockholders approved the amendment and restatement of the Company’s Amended and Restated 2003 Equity Incentive Plan (the 2003 Plan, as most recently amended and restated, the Amended and Restated 2003 Plan). An additional 10.5 million shares were authorized under the re-approved 2003 plan effective as of November 13, 2019. The Amended and Restated 2003 Plan provides for the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights (SARs), dividend equivalent rights, restricted stocks, restricted stock units, performance units and performance shares, the vesting of which may be time-based or upon satisfaction of performance criteria or other conditions.
As of July 3, 2021, the Company had 7.5 million shares subject to (i) stock options and Full Value Awards (defined below) issued and outstanding under the Amended and Restated 2003 Plan, (ii) inducement grants made in connection with the appointment of new CEO in fiscal 2016 and (iii) stock options and Full Value Awards issued and outstanding under various other plans the Company assumed through acquisitions. The exercise price for stock options is equal to the fair value of the underlying stock at the date of grant. The Company issues new shares of common stock upon exercise of stock options. Options generally become exercisable over a three- or four-year period and, if not exercised, expire from five to ten years after the date of grant.
As of July 3, 2021, 13.8 million shares of common stock, primarily under Amended and Restated 2003 Plan, were available for grant.
Employee Stock Purchase Plans
In June 1998, the Company adopted the ESPP, which became effective August 1, 1998 and provides eligible employees with the opportunity to acquire an ownership interest in the Company through periodic payroll deductions and provides a discounted purchase price as well as a look-back period. The ESPP is structured as a qualified employee stock purchase plan under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. The ESPP will terminate upon the earlier of November 15, 2027 or the date on which all shares available for issuance have been sold. As of July 3, 2021, 2.3 million shares remained available for issuance. The ESPP as adopted provided for a 5% discount with a look-back period of six months. In May 2019, the ESPP was amended to provide for a 15% discount.
Full Value Awards
The Company's stock-based compensation includes a combination of time-based RSUs and performance based MSUs and PSUs. RSUs are granted without an exercise price and are converted to shares immediately upon vesting. When converted into shares upon vesting, shares equivalent in value to the minimum withholding taxes liability on the vested shares are withheld by the Company for the payment of such taxes. For performance-based awards, shares attained over target upon vesting are reflected as awards granted during the period.
Time-based RSU awards will generally vest in annual or quarterly installments over a period of three to four years subject to the employees’ continuing service to the Company. The Company's performance-based MSU and PSU awards may include performance conditions, market conditions, time-based service conditions or a combination thereof and are generally expected to vest over one to four years. In addition, the actual number of shares awarded upon vesting of performance-based grants may vary from the target shares depending upon the achievement of the relevant performance or market-based conditions.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Stock-Based Compensation
The impact on the Company’s results of operations of recording stock-based compensation expense by function for fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019 was as follows (in millions):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Cost of revenue $ 4.8 $ 4.3 $ 3.8
Research and development 8.9 7.7 6.1
Selling, general and administrative 34.6 32.6 28.3
Total stock-based compensation expense $ 48.3 $ 44.6 $ 38.2
Approximately $1.5 million of stock-based compensation expense was capitalized to inventory at July 3, 2021.
Stock Option Activity
The following is a summary of stock option activities (in millions, except per share amounts):
Options Outstanding
Number of Shares Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
Balance as of June 30, 2018 1.3 $ 6.42
Exercised (0.1) 10.54
Balance as of June 29, 2019 1.2 5.95
Exercised - -
Balance as of June 27, 2020 1.2 5.95
Exercised - -
Balance as of July 03, 2021 1.2 $ 5.95
Expected to vest 1.2 $ 5.95
As of July 3, 2021, stock-based compensation expense related to stock options have been fully amortized and recognized.
The following table summarizes outstanding and exercisable options as of July 3, 2021.
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
Exercise Price Number of Shares Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term
(years) Weighted Average Exercise Price Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(millions) Number of Shares Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term
(years) Weighted Average Exercise Price Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(millions)
$5.95 1,180,257 2.62 $ 5.95 $ 13.6 1,180,257 2.62 $ 5.95 $ 13.6
The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value, based on the Company’s closing stock price of $17.47 as of July 3, 2021, which would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that date. The total number of in-the-money options exercisable as of July 3, 2021 was 1.2 million.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Employee Stock Purchase Plan Activity
The expense related to the ESPP is recorded on a straight-line basis over the relevant subscription period. During fiscal 2021, the Company issued shares of 261,683 and 296,121 on January 31, 2021 and July 31, 2020, respectively, as part of the ESPP. As of July 3, 2021, there was $0.2 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to the ESPP that remains to be amortized. The cost will be recognized in the first quarter of fiscal 2022.
Full Value Awards Activity
A summary of the status of the Company’s non-vested Full Value Awards as of July 3, 2021 and changes during the same period is presented below (amount in millions, except per share amounts):
Full Value Awards
Performance Shares (1) Non-Performance Shares Total Number of Shares Weighted-average Grant-dated Fair Value
Non-vested at June 30, 2018 1.1 5.3 6.4 $ 8.93
Awards granted 0.5 3.9 4.4 $ 11.52
Awards vested (0.6) (3.2) (3.8) $ 8.61
Awards forfeited - (0.3) (0.3) $ 9.63
Non-vested June 29, 2019 1.0 5.7 6.7 $ 10.81
Awards granted 0.7 3.2 3.9 $ 13.76
Awards vested (0.7) (3.4) (4.1) $ 10.40
Awards forfeited - (0.4) (0.4) $ 11.44
Non-vested June 27, 2020 1.0 5.1 6.1 $ 12.97
Awards granted 1.3 3.3 4.6 $ 14.15
Awards vested (0.6) (3.1) (3.7) $ 12.58
Awards forfeited (0.2) (0.5) (0.7) $ 13.83
Non-vested July 3, 2021 1.5 4.8 6.3 $ 13.98
(1)Performance Shares refer to the Company’s MSU and PSU awards, where the actual number of shares awarded upon vesting may be higher or lower than the target amount depending on the achievement of the relevant market conditions and performance goal achievement. The majority of MSUs vest in equal annual installments over three to four years based on the attainment of certain total shareholder performance measures and the employee’s continued service through the vest date. The aggregate grant-date fair value of MSUs granted during fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019 was estimated to be $15.6 million, $7.7 million and $6.2 million, respectively, and was calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation. The fair value of PSU awards granted in fiscal 2021 was $2.0 million. The Company did not grant any PSU awards in fiscal 2020 and 2019. PSU awards vest based on the attainment of certain performance measures and the employee’s continued service through the vest date.
As of July 3, 2021, $63.7 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to Full Value Awards remains to be amortized. That cost is expected to be recognized over an estimated amortization period of 2.0 years.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Valuation Assumptions
The Company generally estimates the fair value of time-based RSU awards based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. In the case of, PSUs that are performance-based awards without a market condition, the Company will estimate the fair value of the awards using a probability weighted model. In the case of MSUs or PSUs, that are performance based awards and include a market condition, the Company will estimate the fair value of the award using a combination of the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date and the Monte Carlo simulation model. The weighted-average assumptions used to measure fair value were as follows:
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Volatility of common stock 38.5 % 30.4 % 28.9 %
Average volatility of peer companies 65.7 % 52.5 % 31.0 %
Average correlation coefficient of peer companies 0.3653 0.1842 0.1383
Risk-free interest rate 0.3 % 1.5 % 2.6 %
The Company did not issue stock option grants during the fiscal years ended July 3, 2021, June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019. The Company estimates the fair value ESPP purchase rights using a BSM valuation model. The fair value is estimated on the date of grant using the BSM option valuation model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
Employee Stock Purchase Plans
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Expected term (in years) 0.5 0.5 0.5
Expected volatility 44.9 % 27.6 % 33.2 %
Risk-free interest rate 0.1 % 1.8 % 2.3 %
Expected Term: The Company's expected term for stock options was calculated utilizing the simplified method in accordance with the authoritative guidance. The Company used the simplified method as the Company does not have sufficient historical share option exercise data due to the limited number of shares granted as well as changes in the Company's business following the separation from Lumentum, rendering existing historical experience less reliable in formulating expectations for current grants. The Company’s purchase right period is six months under the ESPP.
Expected Volatility: The expected volatility for stock options was based on the historical volatility of the Company's common stock and its peers. The expected volatility for ESPP purchase rights was based on the historical volatility of its stock price with similar expected term.
Risk-Free Interest Rate: The Company bases the risk-free interest rate used in the BSM valuation method on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term.
Expected Dividend: The BSM valuation model calls for a single expected dividend yield as an input. The Company has not paid and does not anticipate paying any dividends in the near future.
Note 17. Employee Pension and Other Benefit Plans
Employee 401(k) Plans
The Company sponsors the Viavi Solutions 401(k) Plan (the 401(k) Plan), a defined contribution plan under ERISA, which provides retirement benefits for its eligible employees through tax deferred salary deductions. The 401(k) Plan allows employees to contribute up to 50% of their annual compensation, with contributions limited to $19,500 in calendar year 2021 as set by the Internal Revenue Service.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
For all eligible employees, the Company offers a 401(k) Plan that provides a 100% match of employees’ contributions up to the first 3% of annual compensation and 50% match on the next 2% of compensation. All matching contributions are made in cash and vest immediately. The Company’s matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan were $4.7 million, $4.9 million and $4.9 million in fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Employee Defined Benefit Plans
The Company sponsors significant qualified and non-qualified pension plans for certain past and present employees in the U.K. and Germany including the plan assumed from AW acquisition. The Company also is responsible for the non-pension postretirement benefit obligation assumed from a past acquisition.
Most of the plans have been closed to new participants and no additional service costs are being accrued, except for certain plans in Germany assumed in connection with an acquisition during fiscal 2010. Benefits are generally based upon years of service and compensation or stated amounts for each year of service. As of July 3, 2021, the U.K. plan was partially funded while the other plans were unfunded. The Company’s policy for funded plans is to make contributions equal to or greater than the requirements prescribed by law or regulation. For unfunded plans, the Company pays the postretirement benefits when due. Future estimated benefit payments are summarized under the Future Benefit Payments’ section below. No other required contributions are expected in fiscal 2022, but the Company, at its discretion, can make contributions to one or more of the defined benefit plans.
The Company accounts for its obligations under these pension plans in accordance with the authoritative guidance which requires the Company to record its obligation to the participants, as well as the corresponding net periodic cost. The Company determines its obligation to the participants and its net periodic cost principally using actuarial valuations provided by third-party actuaries. The obligation the Company records on its Consolidated Balance Sheets is reflective of the total PBO and the fair value of plan assets.
The following table presents the components of the net periodic benefit cost for the pension and benefits plans (in millions):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Service cost $ 0.2 $ 0.3 $ 0.2
Interest cost 1.5 1.9 2.5
Expected return on plan assets (1.7) (1.5) (1.6)
Recognized net actuarial losses 3.1 2.8 1.8
Net periodic cost $ 3.1 $ 3.5 $ 2.9
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income includes unrealized net actuarial (gains)/losses. The amount expected to be recognized in net periodic benefit cost during fiscal 2022 is $3.1 million. Refer to “Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies” for further information on the provision for legal proceeding. The changes in the benefit obligations and plan assets of the pension and benefits plans were (in millions):
Pension Benefit Plans
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020
Change in benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 138.9 $ 140.0
Service cost 0.2 0.3
Interest cost 1.5 1.9
Actuarial (gains) losses (4.8) 4.6
Benefits paid (6.1) (5.1)
Foreign exchange impact 10.8 (2.8)
Benefit obligation at end of year $ 140.5 $ 138.9
Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year $ 29.0 $ 29.9
Actual return on plan assets 2.9 0.2
Employer contributions 6.9 4.8
Benefits paid (6.0) (5.0)
Foreign exchange impact 3.4 (0.9)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year 36.2 29.0
Funded status (104.3) (109.9)
Accumulated benefit obligation $ 140.5 $ 138.6
Pension Benefit Plans
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020
Amount recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at end of year:
Current liabilities $ 7.9 $ 7.6
Non-current liabilities 96.4 102.3
Net amount recognized at end of year $ 104.3 $ 109.9
Amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income at end of year:
Actuarial losses, net of tax $ (24.0) $ (31.2)
Net amount recognized at end of year $ (24.0) $ (31.2)
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive (loss) income:
Net actuarial gain (loss) $ 4.1 $ (5.4)
Amortization of accumulated net actuarial losses 3.1 2.8
Total recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) $ 7.2 $ (2.6)
As of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, the liability balances related to the post retirement benefit plan were $0.4 million. The liability balances were included in other non-current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
During fiscal 2021, the Company (amounts represented as £ and $ denote GBP and USD, respectively) contributed £1.5 million or approximately $2.0 million, while in fiscal 2020, the Company contributed £0.5 million or approximately $0.6 million to its U.K. pension plan. These contributions allowed the Company to comply with regulatory funding requirements.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Assumptions
Underlying both the calculation of the PBO and net periodic cost are actuarial valuations. These valuations use participant-specific information such as salary, age, years of service, and assumptions about interest rates, compensation increases and other factors. At a minimum, the Company evaluates these assumptions annually and makes changes as necessary.
The discount rate reflects the estimated rate at which the pension benefits could be effectively settled. In developing the discount rate, the Company considered the yield available on an appropriate AA corporate bond index, adjusted to reflect the term of the scheme’s liabilities as well as a yield curve model developed by the Company’s actuaries.
The expected return on assets was estimated by using the weighted average of the real expected long-term return (net of inflation) on the relevant classes of assets based on the target asset mix and adding the chosen inflation assumption.
The following table summarizes the weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic cost and benefit obligation for the Company’s U.K. and German pension plans:
Pension Benefit Plans
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Used to determine net period cost at end of year:
Discount rate 1.2 % 1.1 % 1.4 %
Expected long-term return on plan assets 5.4 % 5.6 % 5.6 %
Rate of pension increase 2.2 % 2.3 % 2.3 %
Used to determine benefit obligation at end of year:
Discount rate 1.2 % 1.0 % 1.4 %
Rate of pension increase 2.3 % 2.2 % 2.3 %
Investment Policies and Strategies
The Company’s investment objectives for its funded pension plan are to ensure that there are sufficient assets available to pay out members’ benefits as and when they arise and that, should the plan be discontinued at any point in time, there would be sufficient assets to meet the discontinuance liabilities.
To achieve these objectives, the trustees of the U.K. pension plan are responsible for regularly monitoring the funding position and managing the risk by investing in assets expected to outperform the increase in value of the liabilities in the long term and by investing in a diversified portfolio of assets in order to minimize volatility in the funding position. The trustees invest in a range of frequently traded funds (pooled funds) rather than direct holdings in individual securities to maintain liquidity, achieve diversification and reduce the potential for risk concentration. The funded plan assets are managed by professional third-party investment managers.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Fair Value Measurement of Plan Assets
The following table sets forth the plan assets at fair value and the percentage of assets allocations as of July 3, 2021 (in millions, except percentage data):
Fair value as of
July 3, 2021
Target Allocation Total Percentage of Plan Assets Level 1 Level 2
Assets:
Global equity 40 % $ 14.0 38.7 % $ - $ 14.0
Fixed income 40 % 12.8 35.4 % - 12.8
Other 20 % 7.9 21.8 % - 7.9
Cash 1.5 4.1 % 1.5 -
Total assets $ 36.2 100.0 % $ 1.5 $ 34.7
The following table sets forth the plan’s assets at fair value and the percentage of assets allocations as of June 27, 2020 (in millions, except percentage data).
Fair value as of
June 27, 2020
Target Allocation Total Percentage of Plan Assets Level 1 Level 2
Assets:
Global equity 40 % $ 11.6 40.0 % $ - $ 11.6
Fixed income 40 % 10.9 37.6 % - 10.9
Other 20 % 6.4 22.1 % - 6.4
Cash 0.1 0.3 % 0.1 -
Total assets $ 29.0 100.0 % $ 0.1 $ 28.9
The Company’s pension assets consist of multiple institutional funds (pension funds) of which the fair values are based on the quoted prices of the underlying funds. Pension funds are classified as Level 2 assets since such funds are not directly traded in active markets.
Global equity consists of several index funds that invest primarily in U.K. equities and other overseas equities.
Fixed income consists of several funds that invest primarily in index-linked Gilts (over 5 year), sterling-denominated investment grade corporate bonds, and overseas government bonds.
Other consists of several funds that primarily invest in global equities, bonds, private equity, global real estate and infrastructure funds.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Future Benefit Payments
The following table reflects the total expected benefit payments to defined benefit pension plan participants. These payments have been estimated based on the same assumptions used to measure the Company’s PBO at fiscal year end and include benefits attributable to estimated future compensation increases (in millions).
Pension Benefit Plans
2022 $ 9.2
2023 7.1
2024 6.7
2025 6.3
2026 6.3
2027-2030 28.1
Thereafter 40.6
Total $ 104.3
Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies
Royalty payments
The Company is obligated to make future minimum royalty payments of $2.8 million measured as of July 3, 2021 for the use of certain licensed technologies. Future minimum payments are expected to be paid through the third quarter of fiscal 2026, as follows (in millions):
Royalty Payments
2022 $ 1.3
2023 0.4
2024 0.4
2025 0.4
2026 0.3
Total $ 2.8
Purchase Obligations
Purchase obligations of $187.6 million as of July 3, 2021, represent legally-binding commitments to purchase inventory and other commitments made in the normal course of business to meet operational requirements. Although open purchase orders are considered enforceable and legally binding, the terms generally allow the option to cancel, reschedule and adjust the requirements based on the Company’s business needs prior to the delivery of goods or performance of services. Obligations to purchase inventory and other commitments are generally expected to be fulfilled within one year.
The Company depends on a limited number of contract manufacturers, subcontractors, and suppliers for raw materials, packages and standard components. The Company generally purchases these single or limited source products through standard purchase orders or one-year supply agreements and has no significant long-term guaranteed supply agreements with such vendors. While the Company seeks to maintain a sufficient safety stock of such products and maintains on-going communications with its suppliers to guard against interruptions or cessation of supply, the Company’s business and results of operations could be adversely affected by a stoppage or delay of supply, substitution of more expensive or less reliable products, receipt of defective parts or contaminated materials, increases in the price of such supplies, or the Company’s inability to obtain reduced pricing from its suppliers in response to competitive pressures.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Financing Obligations
On August 21, 2007, the Company entered into a sale and lease-back of certain buildings and land in Santa Rosa, California (the Santa Rosa Transactions), under which we leased back certain buildings. The net cash proceeds received from the transaction were $32.2 million. The lease terms range from a one-year lease with multiple renewal options to a ten-year lease with two five-year renewal options. These buildings did not qualify for sale and lease back accounting due to various forms of continuing involvement and as a result, they were accounted for as financing transactions.
In August 2012 and May 2019, the Company entered into two lease amendments to extend the term of the lease to August 31, 2032 with a ten-year renewal option. In the first quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company reassessed whether a sale would have occurred on the date of adoption of ASC 842 and at which time, concluded that the buildings did not qualify for sale and lease back accounting in accordance with ASC 842. As a result, they were continuously accounted for as financing transactions.
As of July 3, 2021, $0.1 million was included in Other current liabilities, and $16.1 million was included in Other non-current liabilities. As of June 27, 2020, $0.1 million was included in Other current liabilities, and $16.2 million was included in Other non-current liabilities.
As of July 3, 2021, future minimum annual lease payments of Santa Rosa’s non-cancelable leaseback agreements were as follows (in millions):
2022 $ 2.9
2023 2.4
2024 2.4
2025 2.4
2026 2.5
Thereafter 16.2
Total minimum leaseback payments $ 28.8
Guarantees
Authoritative guidance requires upon issuance of a guarantee the guarantor must recognize a liability for the fair value of the obligation that it assumes under the guarantee. In addition, disclosures about the guarantees that an entity has issued, including a tabular reconciliation of the changes of the entity’s product warranty liabilities, are required.
The Company from time to time enters into certain types of contracts that contingently require the Company to indemnify parties against third-party claims. These contracts primarily relate to: (i) divestiture agreements, under which the Company may provide customary indemnifications to purchasers of the Company’s businesses or assets; (ii) certain real estate leases, under which the Company may be required to indemnify property owners for environmental and other liabilities, and other claims arising from the Company’s use of the applicable premises; and (iii) certain agreements with the Company’s officers, directors and employees, under which the Company may be required to indemnify such persons for liabilities arising out of their employment relationship.
The terms of such obligations vary. Generally, a maximum obligation is not explicitly stated. Because the obligated amounts of these types of agreements often are not explicitly stated, the overall maximum amount of the obligations cannot be reasonably estimated. Historically, the Company has not been obligated to make significant payments for these obligations, and no liabilities have been recorded for these obligations on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020.
Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement and Tax Matter Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2015 between the Company and Lumentum Holdings Inc. (Lumentum), the Company is required to indemnify Lumentum and its subsidiaries for certain specified tax liabilities. During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, the Ontario Ministry of Finance denied the Company’s appeal of an assessment of the applicable tax liabilities at which time the Company recorded a charge of $2.4 million to its discontinued operations.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Outstanding Letters of Credit and Performance Bonds
As of July 3, 2021, the Company had standby letters of credit of $7.8 million, and and other claims of $2.8 million collateralized by restricted cash.
Product Warranties
The Company provides reserves for the estimated costs of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. In general, the Company offers its customers warranties up to three years and has accrued a reserve for the estimated costs of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. It estimates the costs of its warranty obligations based on its historical experience of known product failure rates, use of materials to repair or replace defective products and service delivery costs incurred in correcting product failures. In addition, from time to time, specific warranty accruals may be made if unforeseen technical problems arise. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary.
The following table presents the changes in the Company’s warranty reserve during fiscal years 2021 and 2020 (in millions):
Year Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020
Balance as of beginning of period $ 9.4 $ 8.7
Provision for warranty 3.0 3.1
Utilization of reserve (2.5) (3.4)
Adjustments related to pre-existing warranties (including changes in estimates) (0.2) 1.0
Balance as of end of period $ 9.7 $ 9.4
Legal Proceedings
In June 2016, the Company received a court decision regarding the validity of an amendment to a pension deed of trust related to one of its foreign subsidiaries which the Company contends contained an error requiring the Company to increase the pension plan’s benefit. The Company had subsequently further amended the deed to rectify the error. The court ruled that the amendment increasing the pension plan benefit was valid until the subsequent amendment. The Company estimated the liability to range from (amounts represented as £ denote GBP) £5.7 million to £8.4 million. The Company determined that the likelihood of loss to be probable and accrued £5.7 million as of July 2, 2016 in accordance with authoritative guidance on contingencies. The accrual is included as a component of other non-current liabilities, in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively.
The Company pursued an appeal of the court decision. In March 2018, the appellate court affirmed the decision of the lower court. The Company is pursuing a deed of rectification claim and continues to pursue a claim against the U.K. law firm responsible for the error. As of July 3, 2021, the related accrued pension liability was £7.0 million or $9.6 million.
The Company is subject to a variety of claims and suits that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of its business. While management currently believes that resolving claims against the Company, individually or in aggregate, will not have a material adverse impact on its financial position, results of operations or statement of cash flows, these matters are subject to inherent uncertainties and management’s view of these matters may change in the future. Were an unfavorable final outcome to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows for the period in which the effect becomes reasonably estimable.
Note 19. Operating Segments and Geographic Information
The Company evaluates its reportable segments in accordance with the authoritative guidance on segment reporting. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) uses operating segment financial information to evaluate segment performance and to allocate resources.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The Company’s reportable segments are:
(i) Network Enablement:
NE provides testing solutions that access the network to perform build-out and maintenance tasks. These solutions include instruments, software and services to design, build, activate, certify, troubleshoot and optimize networks. The Company also offers a range of product support and professional services such as repair, calibration, software support and technical assistance for its products. NE’s avionics products provide test and measuring solutions for aviation, aerospace, government, defense, communications and public safety.
(ii) Service Enablement:
SE solutions are embedded systems that yield network, service and application performance data. These solutions-including instruments, microprobes and software-monitor, collect and analyze network data to reveal the actual customer experience and to identify opportunities for new revenue streams and network optimization.
(iii) Optical Security and Performance Products:
OSP provides innovative, precision, high performance optical products for anti-counterfeiting, consumer and industrial, government, automotive, industrial and other markets.
Segment Reporting
The CODM manages the Company in two broad business categories: NSE and OSP. The CODM evaluates segment performance of the NSE business based on the combined segment gross and operating margins. Operating expenses associated with the NSE business are not allocated to the individual segments within NSE, as they are managed centrally at the business unit level. The CODM evaluates segment performance of the OSP business based on segment operating margin. The Company allocates corporate-level operating expenses to its segment results, except for certain non-core operating and non-operating activities as discussed below.
The Company does not allocate stock-based compensation, acquisition-related charges, amortization of intangibles, restructuring and related charges, impairment of goodwill, non-operating income and expenses, changes in fair value of contingent consideration liabilities, or other charges unrelated to core operating performance to its segments because management does not include this information in its measurement of the performance of the operating segments. These items are presented as “Other Items” in the table below. Additionally, the Company does not specifically identify and allocate all assets by operating segment.
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Information on the Company’s reportable segments is as follows (in millions):
Year Ended July 3, 2021
Network and Service Enablement
Network Enablement Service Enablement Network and
Service
Enablement Optical Security and Performance Products Other Items Consolidated GAAP Measures
Product revenue $ 650.5 $ 40.6 $ 691.1 $ 360.3 $ - $ 1,051.4
Service revenue 96.1 50.7 146.8 0.7 - 147.5
Net revenue $ 746.6 $ 91.3 $ 837.9 $ 361.0 $ - $ 1,198.9
Gross profit 474.2 59.9 534.1 218.1 (37.8) 714.4
Gross margin 63.5 % 65.6 % 63.7 % 60.4 % 59.6 %
Operating income 92.2 161.3 (111.3) 142.2
Operating margin 11.0 % 44.7 % 11.9 %
Year Ended June 27, 2020
Network and Service Enablement
Network Enablement Service Enablement Network and
Service
Enablement Optical Security and Performance Products Other Items Consolidated GAAP Measures
Product revenue $ 669.1 $ 49.9 $ 719.0 $ 286.2 $ - $ 1,005.2
Service revenue 77.6 52.8 130.4 0.7 - 131.1
Net revenue $ 746.7 $ 102.7 $ 849.4 $ 286.9 $ - $ 1,136.3
Gross profit 482.4 68.8 551.2 153.0 (38.9) 665.3
Gross margin 64.6 % 67.0 % 64.9 % 53.3 % 58.5 %
Operating income 108.8 102.1 (92.8) 118.1
Operating margin 12.8 % 35.6 % 10.4 %
Year Ended June 29, 2019
Network and Service Enablement
Network Enablement Service Enablement Network and
Service
Enablement Optical Security and Performance Products Other Items Consolidated GAAP Measures
Product revenue $ 666.2 $ 49.7 $ 715.9 $ 288.3 $ - $ 1,004.2
Service revenue 71.6 53.7 125.3 0.8 - 126.1
Net revenue $ 737.8 $ 103.4 $ 841.2 $ 289.1 $ - $ 1,130.3
Gross profit 473.3 71.0 544.3 145.8 (38.7) 651.4
Gross margin 64.2 % 68.7 % 64.7 % 50.4 % 57.6 %
Operating income 99.6 98.0 (130.2) 67.4
Operating margin 11.8 % 33.9 % 6.0 %
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Corporate reconciling items impacting gross profit:
Total segment gross profit $ 752.2 $ 704.2 $ 690.1
Stock-based compensation (4.8) (4.3) (3.8)
Amortization of intangibles (33.2) (32.7) (34.4)
Other charges unrelated to core operating performance 0.2 (1.9) (0.5)
GAAP gross profit $ 714.4 $ 665.3 $ 651.4
Corporate reconciling items impacting operating income:
Total segment operating income $ 253.5 $ 210.9 $ 197.6
Stock-based compensation (48.3) (44.6) (38.2)
Amortization of intangibles (66.5) (67.8) (72.5)
Change in fair value of contingent liability (3)
5.3 31.5 5.9
Other charges unrelated to core operating performance (1)(2)
(3.4) (8.4) (10.0)
Restructuring and related charges 1.6 (3.5) (15.4)
GAAP operating income from continuing operations $ 142.2 $ 118.1 $ 67.4
(1)During the years ended June 27, 2020, other charges unrelated to core operating performance primarily consisted of $1.4 million in acquisition related costs.
(2)During the years ended June 29, 2019, other charges unrelated to core operating performance primarily consisted of a $5.0 million in acquisition related costs.
(3)Refer to “Note 8. Fair Value Measurements” for further detail.
The Company operates primarily in three geographic regions: Americas, Asia-Pacific, and Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA). Net revenue is assigned to the geographic region and country where the Company’s product is initially shipped. For example, certain customers may request shipment of product to a contract manufacturer in one country, which may differ from the location of their end customers. The following table presents net revenue by the three geographic regions the Company operates in and net revenue from countries that exceeded 10% of the Company’s total net revenue (in millions):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
Product Revenue Service Revenue Total Product Revenue Service Revenue Total Product Revenue Service Revenue Total
Americas:
United States $ 275.8 $ 54.2 $ 330.0 $ 288.3 $ 53.3 $ 341.6 $ 287.1 $ 55.0 $ 342.1
Other Americas 72.7 12.9 85.6 57.8 15.4 73.2 69.4 14.8 84.2
Total Americas $ 348.5 $ 67.1 $ 415.6 $ 346.1 $ 68.7 $ 414.8 $ 356.5 $ 69.8 $ 426.3
Asia-Pacific:
Greater China $ 265.8 $ 11.2 $ 277.0 $ 238.2 $ 7.5 $ 245.7 $ 209.4 $ 7.2 $ 216.6
Other Asia 118.5 15.0 133.5 108.0 14.5 122.5 142.3 13.3 155.6
Total Asia-Pacific $ 384.3 $ 26.2 $ 410.5 $ 346.2 $ 22.0 $ 368.2 $ 351.7 $ 20.5 $ 372.2
EMEA:
Switzerland $ 76.2 $ 0.4 $ 76.6 $ 64.5 $ 0.1 $ 64.6 $ 97.0 $ - $ 97.0
Other EMEA 242.4 53.8 296.2 248.4 40.3 288.7 199.0 35.8 234.8
Total EMEA $ 318.6 $ 54.2 $ 372.8 $ 312.9 $ 40.4 $ 353.3 $ 296.0 $ 35.8 $ 331.8
Total net revenue $ 1,051.4 $ 147.5 $ 1,198.9 $ 1,005.2 $ 131.1 $ 1,136.3 $ 1,004.2 $ 126.1 $ 1,130.3
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
SICPA Holding SA Company (SICPA), served by the Company’s OSP segment, generated more than 10% of VIAVI net revenue from continuing operations during fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019 as summarized below (in millions):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020 June 29, 2019
SICPA - OSP customer $ 193.9 $ 139.9 $ 161.1
Property, plant and equipment, net was identified based on the operations in the corresponding geographic areas (in millions):
Years Ended
July 3, 2021 June 27, 2020
United States $ 109.4 $ 85.0
Other Americas 2.0 1.6
China 45.4 43.8
Other Asia-Pacific 5.4 5.8
United Kingdom 27.3 30.1
Other EMEA 6.5 6.2
Total property, plant and equipment, net $ 196.0 $ 172.5
VIAVI SOLUTIONS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Note 20. Selected Quarterly Financial Information (unaudited)
The following table presents the Company’s selected quarterly financial information from the Consolidated Statements of Operations for fiscal 2021 and 2020 (in millions, except per share data):
July 3, 2021 April 3, 2021 January 2, 2021 October 3, 2020 June 27, 2020 March 28, 2020 December 28, 2019 September 28, 2019
Net revenue $ 310.9 $ 303.4 $ 299.9 $ 284.7 $ 266.6 $ 256.2 $ 313.7 $ 299.8
Gross profit 182.9 182.0 180.1 169.4 154.6 146.8 189.5 174.4
Net (loss) income $ (1.9) $ 11.8 $ 21.9 $ 14.3 $ 26.7 $ (32.8) $ 28.0 $ 6.8
Net (loss) income per share - basic:
Net/ (loss) income (1)
$ (0.01) $ 0.05 $ 0.10 $ 0.06 $ 0.12 $ (0.14) $ 0.12 $ 0.03
Net (loss) income per share - diluted:
Net (loss) income (1)
$ (0.01) $ 0.05 $ 0.09 $ 0.06 $ 0.12 $ (0.14) $ 0.12 $ 0.03
Shares used in per-share calculation:
Basic 228.4 228.7 228.8 228.8 228.1 230.0 230.0 229.4
Diluted 228.4 240.2 231.1 231.8 230.3 230.0 238.3 236.4
(1)Net (loss) income per share is computed independently for each of the fiscal quarters presented. Therefore, the sum of the quarterly basic and diluted Net (loss) income per share amounts may not equal the annual basic and diluted Net (loss) income per share amount for the full fiscal years.

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a) EVALUATION OF DISCLOSURE CONTROL AND PROCEDURES
The SEC defines the term “disclosure controls and procedures” to mean a company’s controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. “Disclosure controls and procedures” include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management. Our management (with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO)) has conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act). Based on such evaluation, our CEO and our CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of July 3, 2021.
(b) MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Our management, including our CEO and CFO, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in the Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on its evaluation under the framework in the Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013), our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of July 3, 2021.
The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of July 3, 2021 has been audited by our independent registered public accounting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, as stated in their report which appears in this Annual Report on Form 10-K under Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Information.”
(c) CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f), during the quarter ended July 3, 2021, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
(d) LIMITATIONS ON EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTROLS
Our management, including our CEO and CFO, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal controls will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within our company have been detected. Accordingly, our disclosure controls and procedures and our internal controls provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
In September 2019, the Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program of up to $200 million of the Company’s common stock through open market or private transactions before September 30, 2021. As of July 3, 2021, the Company had approximately $112.9 million remaining under the program. On August 18, 2021, the Board of Directors approved to extend the program until September 30, 2022.

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Information regarding the Company’s directors required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the sections entitled “Proposal One-Elections of Directors” and “Corporate Governance” in the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement in connection with the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the Proxy Statement), which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the fiscal year ended July 3, 2021. Information required by Item 405 of Regulation S-K is incorporated by reference to the section entitled “Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the Proxy Statement.
Information regarding the Company’s executive officers and Audit Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the section entitled “Corporate Governance” in the Proxy Statement.
With regard to the information required by this item regarding the compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, we will provide disclosure of delinquent Section 16(a) reports, if any, in our Proxy Statement, and such disclosure, if any, is incorporated herein by reference.
The Company has adopted the “VIAVI Code of Business Conduct” as its code of ethics, which is applicable to all employees, officers and directors of the Company. The full text of the VIAVI Code of Business Conduct is available under Corporate Governance Information which can be found under the Investors tab on the Company’s website at www.viavisolutions.com.
We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of our Code of Business Conduct by posting such information on our investor relations website under the heading “Governance-Governance Documents” at http://investor.viavisolutions.com/corporate-governance/default.aspx.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the sections entitled “Executive Compensation,” “Corporate Governance - Director Compensation,” “Corporate Governance - Compensation Program Risk Assessment,” “Corporate Governance-Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation,” and “Compensation Committee Report” in the Proxy Statement.

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is incorporated by reference to the section entitled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in the Proxy Statement.
Information regarding the Company’s stockholder approved and non-approved equity compensation plans is incorporated by reference to the section entitled “Equity Compensation Plans” in the Proxy Statement.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the sections entitled “Corporate Governance - Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions,” and “Corporate Governance - Director Independence” in the Proxy Statement.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
Information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the section entitled “Audit and Non-Audit Fees” in the Proxy Statement.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)The following items are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
(1)Financial Statements:
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Statements of Operations - Years Ended July 3, 2021, June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income - Years Ended July 3, 2021, June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019
Consolidated Balance Sheets - July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Years Ended July 3, 2021, June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity - Years Ended July 3, 2021, June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(2)Financial Statement Schedules: All financial statement schedules have been omitted because the required information is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, not applicable, or because the required information is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto.
(3)Exhibits:
See Item 15(b)
(b) Exhibits:
The following exhibits are filed herewith or are incorporated by reference to exhibits previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Incorporated by Reference Filed Furnished
Exhibit No. Exhibit Description Form Exhibit Filing Date Herewith Not Filed
2.1
Separation and Distribution Agreement by and between JDS Uniphase Corporation, Lumentum Holdings Inc. and Lumentum Operations LLC
8-K 2.3 8/5/2015
3.1
Fourth Restated Certificate of Incorporation
8-K 3.1 11/20/2018
3.2
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Viavi Solutions Inc.
10-Q 3.1 2/7/2018
4.1
Indenture, dated as of March 3, 2017 between Viavi Solutions Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as Trustee
8-K 4.1 3/6/2017
4.2
Form of 1.00% Senior Convertible Notes due 2024
8-K 4.2 (Incl. in 4.1) 3/6/2017
4.3
Indenture, dated as of May 29, 2018 between Viavi Solutions Inc. and US Bank National Association as Trustee
8-K 4.1 5/29/2018
4.4
Form of 1.75% Senior Convertible Notes due 2023
8-K 4.2 (Incl. in 4.1) 5/29/2018
4.5
Description of Securities
10-K 4.6 8/24/2020
10.1+
Employment Agreement between Oleg Khaykin and Viavi Solutions Inc. effective as of February 3, 2016
8-K 10.1 2/2/2016
10.2+
Employment Agreement between Henk Derksen and Viavi Solutions Inc., effective as of March 15, 2021
8-K 10.1 5/7/2021
10.3+
Consulting Agreement by and between Viavi Solutions Inc. and Amar Maletira, dated as of October 28, 2020
8-K 10.1 2/9/2021
10.4+
Amended and Restated 1998 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
10-K 10.3 8/27/2019
10.5+
Form of Indemnification Agreement
8-K 10.9 4/20/2015
10.6+
Restated 2003 Equity Incentive Plan
10-Q 10.1 2/6/2020
10.7+
2003 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Performance Unit Award Agreement (for the U.S.)
10-Q 10.1 2/6/2019
10.8
Tax Matters Agreement by and between JDS Uniphase Corporation and Lumentum Holdings Inc.
8-K 10.1 8/5/2015
10.9+
Viavi Solutions Inc., Change of Control Benefits Plan, (Amended and Restated effective June 16, 2020)
8-K 10.1 6/22/2020
10.10+
Form of Option Grant Notice and Option Agreement, by and between the Registrant and Oleg Khaykin
S-8 99.1 2/11/2016
10.11+
2003 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement
8-K 10.2 6/22/2020
10.12+
Viavi Solutions Inc. Executive Severance and Retention Plan
8-K 10.1 10/19/2015
10.13
Credit Agreement, dated May 5, 2020 by Viavi Solutions Inc., the lenders party thereto and Wells Fargo N.A. as administrative agent
8-K 10.1 5/6/2020
21.1
Subsidiaries of Viavi Solutions Inc.
X
23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP)
X
24.1 Power of Attorney (included on the signature page to the Report)
31.1
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
3 X
31.2
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
X
32.1
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
X
32.2
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
X
101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document X
101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document X
101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document X
101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document X
101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document X
104 The cover page from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 3, 2021, formatted in Inline XBRL.
X
+Indicates management contract or compensation plan, contract or arrangement