EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1720635
Filing Year: 2025
Filename: 1720635_10-K_2025_0001720635-25-000018.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
COMPANY OVERVIEW
nVent Electric plc is a leading global provider of systems protections and electrical connection solutions. We believe our inventive electrical solutions enable safer systems and ensure a more secure world. We connect and protect some of the world's most critical systems to make them safer, more efficient and resilient. We design, manufacture, market, install and service high performance products and solutions that are helping to build a more sustainable and electrified world. We have a comprehensive portfolio of cable management, control buildings, cooling solutions both liquid and air, electrical connections, enclosures, equipment protection, power connections and power management solutions, and we are recognized globally for quality, reliability and innovation.
Our broad range of products and solutions support industrial, infrastructure, commercial and residential, and energy applications around the world. Our solutions help our customers improve energy efficiency, ensure resiliency and protection, increase customer productivity, enhance safety and contribute to more sustainable operations.
At nVent, we operate across two segments: Enclosures and Electrical & Fastening Solutions. In the first quarter of 2025, we will be renaming our Enclosures segment to Systems Protection, and our Electrical & Fastening Solutions segment to Electrical Connections.
Our portfolio of premier, industry-leading brands, some of which have a history spanning over 100 years, includes nVent CADDY, ERICO, HOFFMAN, ILSCO, SCHROFF and TRACHTE.
Unless the context otherwise indicates, references herein to "nVent," the "Company," and such words as "we," "us," and "our" include nVent Electric plc and its consolidated subsidiaries. Our principal office is in London, United Kingdom and our management office in the United States ("U.S.") is in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The Company was incorporated in Ireland on May 30, 2017. Although our jurisdiction of organization is Ireland, we manage our affairs so that we are centrally managed and controlled in the United Kingdom (the "U.K.") and have our tax residency in the U.K.
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT
On April 30, 2018, Pentair plc ("Pentair") completed the separation of its Water business and its Electrical business into two independent, publicly-traded companies (the "separation"). To effect the separation, Pentair distributed to its shareholders one ordinary share of nVent for every ordinary share of Pentair held as of the record date of April 17, 2018. As a result of the distribution, nVent became an independent publicly-traded company and began trading under the symbol "NVT" on the New York Stock Exchange on May 1, 2018.
Our roots within Pentair trace back to the acquisition of Federal-Hoffman Corporation in 1988, which included the nVent HOFFMAN enclosures brand. From that starting point, we have grown both organically and via acquisitions. Our Enclosures business first applied lean principles within the organization in the 1990s, leveraging its culture of customer service and operational excellence. In 2015, Pentair acquired ERICO Global Company, a leading global manufacturer of superior engineered electrical and fastening products, which operates as our Electrical & Fastening Solutions business, broadening our product offering and enabling us to provide additional global solutions to our combined customers.
In 2023, as part of our Electrical & Fastening Solutions reporting segment, we completed the acquisition of ECM Investors, LLC, the parent of ECM Industries, LLC ("ECM Industries"), for approximately $1.1 billion in cash. ECM Industries is a leading provider of high-value electrical connectors, tools and test instruments and cable management.
In 2024, we completed the acquisition of the Trachte, LLC ("Trachte") as part of our Enclosures reporting segment, for approximately $687.5 million in cash. Trachte is a leading manufacturer of engineered control building solutions designed to protect critical infrastructure assets.
On July 31, 2024, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our Thermal Management business to BCP VI Summit Holdings LP (assignee of BCP Acquisitions LLC), an affiliate of funds managed by Brookfield Asset Management, for a purchase price of $1.7 billion in cash, subject to certain customary purchase price adjustments. The Thermal Management business was previously disclosed as a stand-alone reporting segment, and is now presented as a discontinued operations in our Consolidated Financial Statements for all periods presented. On January 30, 2025, we completed the sale of the Thermal Management business.
We are “One nVent”, with a unified focus on commercial excellence, digital transformation, scaled and integrated technology, and global presence and capabilities. As we continue scaling our capabilities under our umbrella brand of nVent, we expect to
expand our products and solutions and to continue to differentiate our company by creating solutions that solve problems for our customers.
Our Spark management system defines how we operate. The five elements of Spark are People, Growth, Lean, Digital and Velocity. Together, they provide the mindset and operating system to propel the success of our company. Spark supports the high performance culture we are building at nVent.
•People are at the core of Spark, positively impacting our business and growing their careers.
•Growth is the foundation of Spark, driving shareholder, customer and employee value.
•Lean is the relentless pursuit of eliminating waste and increasing velocity.
•Digital transforms our products and how we do business, improving both customer and employee experiences.
•Velocity is increasing speed in all we do for each other and our customers.
BUSINESS AND PRODUCTS
Enclosures
Our Enclosures business provides innovative solutions to help protect electronics, systems and data in mission critical applications, including data centers, that improve resiliency and energy efficiency.
We are an enclosures and liquid cooling leader in the U.S. and globally. We believe that trends like electrification, sustainability and digitalization, including increased use of artificial intelligence, are helping to drive the need for our products. Our standard and custom protective enclosures, cooling solutions, both liquid and air, control buildings and power distribution solutions help protect operating environments for mission critical applications.
Our solutions help make systems more resilient, helping avoid downtime. We sell globally but serve locally with regional manufacturing and supply chains. Our solutions are used by hyperscalers, utilities, original equipment manufacturers, panel builders and contractors.
Our Enclosures brands include nVent HOFFMAN, nVent SCHROFF and nVent TRACHTE.
Electrical & Fastening Solutions
Our Electrical & Fastening Solutions business provides innovative solutions that connect power and data infrastructure. Our offerings enhance end-user safety, reduce installation time and provide resiliency for critical systems.
We are a leading global provider known for our application expertise and innovative labor saving solutions. Our cable management, electrical connections and solutions, and power connections help make electrical systems safe, efficient and resilient.
Our products and solutions are primarily used by contractors, electrical utilities, electricians and panel builders.
Our Electrical & Fastening Solutions brands include nVent CADDY, nVent ERICO and nVent ILSCO.
Competition
The markets for our products and services are geographically diverse and highly competitive. We compete against large and well-established national and global companies, as well as regional and local companies and lower-cost manufacturers. Some of our competitors, in particular smaller companies, attempt to compete based primarily on price, localized expertise and local relationships. The number and size of competitors vary considerably depending on the product line.
Our success depends on a variety of factors, including technical expertise, reputation for quality and reliability, timeliness of delivery, new product innovation, previous installation history, contractual terms and price. As many of our products sell through electrical distributors, retail, contractors and original equipment manufacturers, our success also depends on building and partnering with a strong channel and distribution network.
Seasonality
We generally experience increased demand for Electrical & Fastening Solutions products during the spring and summer months in the Northern Hemisphere.
Backlog of Orders by Segment
December 31
In millions 2024 2023 $ change % change
Enclosures $ 665.9 $ 373.1 $ 292.8 78.5 %
Electrical & Fastening Solutions 83.4 89.7 (6.3) (7.0)
Total $ 749.3 $ 462.8 $ 286.5 61.9 %
A majority of our revenues result from orders received and products delivered in the same month and products generally ship within 90 days of the date on which a customer places an order. However, a growing portion of our backlog, particularly in the infrastructure vertical, has a longer design and manufacturing process, and can take more than one year depending on the size and type of order. We record as part of our backlog all orders from external customers, which represent firm commitments, and are supported by a purchase order or other legitimate contract. The increase in backlog from 2023 to 2024 was primarily the result of the acquisition of Trachte, LLC. We expect the majority of our backlog at December 31, 2024 will be shipped in 2025.
Raw materials
The principal materials we use in manufacturing our products are mild steel, stainless steel, electronic components, copper, aluminum and paint (powder and liquid). In addition to the purchase of raw materials, we purchase some finished goods for distribution through our sales channels.
We purchase the materials we use in various manufacturing processes on the open market and the majority is available through multiple sources which are in adequate supply. We have certain long-term commitments, principally price commitments, for the purchase of various component parts and raw materials and believe that it is unlikely that any of these agreements would be terminated prematurely. Alternate sources of supply at competitive prices are available for most materials for which long-term commitments exist and we believe that the termination of any of these commitments would not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
See Item 1A, Risk Factors, in this Form 10-K for additional information on risks related to supply chain and inflation.
Intellectual property
Patents, non-compete agreements, proprietary technologies, customer relationships, trademarks, trade names and brand names are important to our business. However, we do not regard our business as being materially dependent upon any single patent, non-compete agreement, proprietary technology, customer relationship, trademark, trade name or brand name.
Patents, patent applications and license agreements will expire or terminate over time by operation of law, in accordance with their terms or otherwise. We do not expect the termination of patents, patent applications or license agreements to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Captive insurance subsidiary
We insure certain general and product liability, property, workers' compensation and automobile liability risks through our regulated wholly-owned captive insurance subsidiary, Tonka Bay Insurance Company ("Tonka Bay"). Reserves for policy claims are established based on actuarial projections of ultimate losses. Accruals are established with respect to liabilities insured by third parties, such as liabilities arising from acquired businesses, pre-Tonka Bay liabilities and those of certain non-U.S. operations.
Matters pertaining to Tonka Bay are discussed in ITEM 3, included in this Form 10-K.
HUMAN CAPITAL MATTERS
As of December 31, 2024, we employed approximately 12,100 people worldwide, of which approximately 39% are located in the U.S. Outside the U.S., we have employees in certain countries that are represented by an employee representative organization, such as a union, works council or employee association.
Guided by our Win Right values, we are committed to creating a workplace culture where everyone is included and respected. We believe that the unique contributions of individuals with varying backgrounds and experiences will benefit our businesses. Our Code of Conduct outlines our commitment to equal opportunity and fair treatment for all.
We currently have nine Employee Resource Groups (“ERGs”) designed to create opportunities for development while assisting in meeting business objectives. All ERGs are employee-led and employee-driven and open to all nVent employees. They provide a support system to foster awareness, inclusion and respect. In 2024, our ERG membership grew to over 1,900 members.
The following sets forth information regarding our workforce as of December 31, 2024, including the Thermal Management business, but excluding businesses we acquired in 2024 and direct field labor employees representing workers with contractual agreements for short-term labor:
Percent of executive leadership (1)
Percent of management Percent of all other employees
Racially diverse (2)
22% 22% 44%
Women (3)
40% 27% 26%
(1) Our executive leadership is defined as the Chief Executive Officer and the Executive Leadership Team.
(2) Data for U.S. employee population only.
(3) Global data.
Compensation and Benefits
We strive to offer our employees across the world comprehensive benefit programs that reflect the market practices in their country of employment. We participate in and review remuneration surveys from leading, independent consultants for all of our countries so that we have the information to set competitive wages and salaries.
We are dedicated to providing equitable compensation as a commitment to our people. By focusing on equitable pay, we enhance our ability to grow, retain and motivate diverse employees on our team. We believe diverse teams drive innovation, connection and growth for our employees.
As part of this commitment to our people, we conduct pay parity reviews of our compensation. The goal of these reviews is to ensure internal pay alignment and equitable treatment for employees, as well as providing competitive and performance-based pay.
Employee Engagement and Development
We believe it is important to hear from our employees to learn about what we are doing well and where we can become stronger through regular employee engagement surveys. Since 2018, our employee response rate has increased by 20 points, and we have achieved a 6 point increase in our employee engagement score.
All of our people leaders were required to share survey results with their teams and develop action plans to address specific areas of improvement. In addition, throughout 2024, we conducted three pulse surveys with questions focused on our Inclusion Index and employee satisfaction. Results from each of the pulse surveys were shared with people leaders, who were encouraged to discuss results and potential improvement areas with their teams. As part of our annual goal planning process, all of our people leaders were assigned a people leader goal focused on engaging and developing their employees. Action items in the people leader goal included: completing all performance processes including goal setting, mid-year, and annual reviews; creating an action plan from the 2024 employee engagement survey results; focusing on our safety-first approach; ensuring new employees complete nVent culture training; driving diverse slates within the interviewing process; and helping to ensure the completion of all ethics and compliance trainings.
Career development was identified as an area of focus following our 2023 engagement survey, and we continued our efforts to develop our people throughout 2024. We offered senior level employees the opportunity to participate in McKinsey’s Connected Leadership Academies; our mid-career managers the ability to participate in the Management Accelerator programs; and our early career, individual contributors the opportunity to participate in Leadership Essentials. We focus on developing our employees through Continuous Conversation development discussions between employees and people leaders. We provide development opportunities for employees to learn through interactions with other leaders in our enterprise-wide and senior level mentorship programs. We also offer a rotational program for early career hires to grow in their careers. We continue to grow our employees in their capabilities to lead through change and transition. Lastly, we are continuing to digitalize and standardize our performance process for our global hourly production employees so that our leaders continue to regularly engage with their employees to discuss performance, development and career aspirations.
Code of Conduct Training
In 2024, our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics training was offered in 12 different languages to employees in 35 countries. 100% of professional employees completed the training, including topics such as safety, safeguarding company assets, conflict of interest, gifts and hospitality, anti-corruption, unconscious bias and age discrimination. In 2024, we trained 97% of our offline, factory team members globally on our Code of Conduct.
We offer a number of resources to report concerns, including a confidential helpline, website, text messaging support and dedicated email inbox. We prohibit any form of retaliation against anyone reporting in good faith and take all reported concerns seriously.
Workplace Health and Safety
We are committed to maintaining a healthy and safe work environment and preventing workplace injuries. We use a safety model based on three pillars: employee engagement, controlled hazards and management commitment.
We have strong participation in safety committees and behavior-based safety activities, and we empower employees to actively identify areas for improvement and solutions. We actively encourage employees to report all incidents so that we can identify opportunities to improve before significant events occur.
We have established a detailed list of safety standards, hold sites accountable to those standards and continuously look for ways to improve and comply with relevant regulations and expectations.
Our managers invest in continuous improvement, lead by example, communicate openly, lead safety initiatives, build trust within teams and consistently model the right safety behavior to create an environment where employee safety is prioritized.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
We make available free of charge (other than an investor's own Internet access charges) through our Internet website (http://www.nvent.com) our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and if applicable, amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Reports of beneficial ownership filed by our directors and executive officers pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act are also available on our website. We are not including the information contained on our website as part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider all of the information in this document and the following risk factors before making an investment decision regarding our securities. Any of the following risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and the actual outcome of matters as to which forward-looking statements are made in this document.
Risks Relating to Our Business
General global economic and business conditions affect demand for our products.
We compete in various geographic regions and product markets around the world. Among these, the most significant are global industrial, infrastructure and commercial and residential markets. We expect to experience fluctuations in revenues and results of operations due to economic and business cycles. Important factors for our business and the businesses of our customers include the overall strength of the global economy and our customers’ confidence in the economy, industrial and governmental capital spending, the strength of infrastructure and commercial and residential markets, unemployment rates, availability of commercial financing, interest rates, inflation rates, and energy and commodity prices. Recessions, economic downturns, inflation, slowing economic growth and social and political instability in the industries and/or markets where we compete could negatively affect our revenues and financial performance in future periods, result in future restructuring charges, and adversely impact our ability to grow or sustain our business. Macroeconomic and political instability caused by global supply chain disruptions, inflation and the strengthening of the U.S. dollar could adversely impact our results of operations. In addition, military conflicts and their impact on economies may adversely impact our results of operations. The businesses of many of our industrial customers are to varying degrees cyclical and have experienced periodic downturns. While we attempt to minimize our exposure to economic or market fluctuations by serving a balanced mix of end markets and geographic regions, any of the above factors, individually or in the aggregate, or a significant or sustained downturn in a specific end market or geographic region could reduce demand for our products and services, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We compete in attractive markets with a high level of competition, which may result in pressure on our profit margins and limit our ability to maintain or increase the market share of our products.
The markets for our products and services are geographically diverse and highly competitive. We compete against large and well-established national and global companies, as well as regional and local companies and lower-cost manufacturers. Competition may also result from new entrants into the markets we serve offering products and/or services that compete with ours. We compete based on technical expertise, reputation for quality and reliability, timeliness of delivery, previous
installation history, contractual terms and price. Some of our competitors attempt to compete based primarily on price, localized expertise and local relationships. In addition, economic downturns could adversely affect pricing as market participants compete more aggressively on price. If we are unable to continue to differentiate our products, services and solutions, or if our pricing is adversely impacted or we incur additional costs to remain competitive, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our future growth is dependent upon our ability to adapt our products, services and organization to meet the demands of local markets in both developed and emerging economies and by developing or acquiring new technologies that achieve market acceptance with acceptable margins.
We operate in global markets that are characterized by customer demand that is often global in scope but localized in delivery. We compete with thousands of smaller regional and local companies that may be positioned to offer products produced at lower cost than ours, or to capitalize on highly localized relationships. Also, in several emerging markets potential customers prefer local suppliers, in some cases because of existing relationships and in other cases because of local legal restrictions or incentives that favor local businesses. In addition, we need to be flexible to adapt our products to ever changing customer preferences, including those relating to regulatory, climate change and social responsibility matters. Accordingly, our future success depends upon a number of factors, including our ability to adapt our products, services, organization, workforce and sales strategies to fit localities throughout the world, particularly in high-growth emerging markets; identify emerging technological and other trends in our target end markets; and develop or acquire competitive products and services and bring them to market quickly and cost-effectively. The failure to effectively adapt our products or services could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We may not be able to identify, finance and complete suitable acquisitions and investments, and any completed acquisitions and investments could be unsuccessful or consume significant resources.
Our business strategy includes acquiring businesses and making investments that complement our existing business. We expect to analyze and evaluate the acquisition of strategic businesses or product lines with the potential to extend or strengthen our industry position or enhance our existing set of product and service offerings. We may not be able to identify suitable acquisition candidates, obtain financing or have sufficient cash necessary for acquisitions or successfully complete acquisitions in the future. Acquisitions and investments may involve significant cash expenditures, debt incurrences, equity issuances, operating losses and expenses. Acquisitions involve numerous other risks, including:
•diversion of management time and attention from daily operations;
•difficulties integrating acquired businesses, technologies and personnel into our business;
•difficulties in obtaining and verifying the financial statements and other business information of acquired businesses;
•inability to obtain required regulatory approvals;
•potential loss of key employees, key contractual relationships or key customers of acquired companies or of ours;
•assumption of the liabilities and exposure to unforeseen liabilities of acquired companies; and
•dilution of interests of holders of nVent ordinary shares through the issuance of equity securities or equity-linked securities.
It may be difficult for us to complete transactions quickly and to integrate acquired operations efficiently into our business operations. Any acquisitions or investments may not be successful and may ultimately result in impairment charges and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We may not achieve some or all of the expected benefits of our business initiatives.
During 2024 and 2023, we continued execution of certain business restructuring initiatives aimed at reducing our fixed cost structure and realigning our business. In order to align our resources with our growth strategies, operate more efficiently and control costs, we may periodically announce future restructuring plans, which may include workforce reductions, global plant closures and consolidations, asset impairments and other cost reduction initiatives. As these plans and actions are complex, we may not be able to achieve the operating efficiencies to reduce costs or realize benefits that were anticipated in connection with these initiatives. If we are unable to execute these initiatives as planned, we may not realize all or any of the anticipated benefits, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We may experience material cost and other inflation.
In 2024 and 2023, we experienced inflationary increases of raw materials, logistics and labor costs. We strive for productivity improvements and implement increases in selling prices to help mitigate cost increases in raw materials, freight, energy, wage and other costs such as pension, health care and insurance. We continue to implement operational initiatives in order to mitigate the impact of this inflation and continuously reduce our costs. However, these actions may not be successful in managing our costs or increasing our productivity. Continued cost inflation or failure of our initiatives to increase prices, generate cost savings
or improve productivity could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
A disruption in the availability, price or quality of products or materials that we manufacture and source from various countries throughout the world could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our business is subject to risks associated with global manufacturing and sourcing. We use a variety of raw materials in the production of our products including steel, copper, aluminum and paints. We also purchase certain electronic components, electrical and packaging materials from a number of suppliers. Although we regularly monitor the financial health and operations of companies in our supply chain, and use alternative suppliers when necessary and available, supply chain constraints could cause a disruption in our ability to obtain raw materials or components required to manufacture our products and adversely affect our operations. Significant shortages in the availability of these materials or price increases could increase our operating costs and adversely impact the competitive positions of our products. We rely on materials, components and finished goods that are sourced from or manufactured in locations outside the U.S., including Mexico, China and other countries, and these countries may experience political or trade instability, which could disrupt our supply of products or materials. We rely on our suppliers to produce high quality materials, components and finished goods according to our specifications. Although we have quality control procedures in place, there is a risk that products may not meet our specifications which could impact our ability to ship quality products to our customers on a timely basis.
Our backlog may fluctuate and material amounts of cancellations or reductions of orders or a failure to deliver our backlog on time could affect our future sales.
Our backlog is comprised of the portion of firm signed purchase orders or other written contractual commitments received from customers that we have not recognized as revenue. Backlog may increase or decrease based on the addition of large multi-year projects and their subsequent completion. Backlog may also be favorably or unfavorably affected by foreign currency rate fluctuations. The dollar amount of backlog as of December 31, 2024 was $749.3 million. The timing of our recognition of revenue out of our backlog is subject to a variety of factors that may cause delays, many of which, including fluctuations in our customers’ delivery schedules, are beyond our control. Such delays may lead to significant fluctuations in results of operations from quarter to quarter, making it difficult to predict our financial performance on a quarterly basis. Further, while we have historically experienced few order cancellations and the amount of order cancellations has not been material compared to our total contract volume, if we were to experience a significant amount of cancellations of or reductions in purchase orders, it would reduce our backlog and, consequently, our future sales and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our future revenue depends in part on our ability to bid and win new contracts.
Our future revenue and overall results of operations require us to successfully bid on new contracts and, in particular, contracts for large greenfield projects, which are frequently subject to competitive bidding processes. Our revenue from major projects depends in part on the level of capital expenditures in some of our principal end markets, particularly in the infrastructure vertical, which includes our data solutions and power utilities businesses. The number of such projects we win in any year fluctuates, and is dependent upon the number of projects available and our ability to bid successfully for such projects. Contract proposals and negotiations are complex and frequently involve a lengthy bidding and selection process, which is affected by a number of factors, such as competitive position, market conditions, financing arrangements and required governmental approvals. If negative market conditions arise, or if we fail to secure adequate financial arrangements or required governmental approvals, we may not be able to pursue particular projects or win new contracts, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We are exposed to political, regulatory, economic and other risks that arise from operating a multinational business.
Sales outside of the U.S. for the year ended December 31, 2024 accounted for approximately 28% of our net sales. Further, our business obtains some products, components and raw materials from non-U.S. suppliers. Accordingly, our business is subject to the political, regulatory, economic and other risks that are inherent in operating in numerous countries. These risks include:
•changes in diplomatic and trade relationships, as well as the imposition of tariffs, sanctions, duties, exchange controls, currency restrictions or other trade restrictions;
•changes in general economic and political conditions in countries where we operate, particularly in emerging markets;
•relatively more severe economic conditions in some international markets than in the U.S.;
•the difficulty of enforcing agreements and collecting receivables through non-U.S. legal systems;
•the difficulty of communicating and monitoring standards and directives across our global facilities;
•the difficulty of ensuring that our products, services and supply chains meet ever-changing regional regulations and requirements;
•trade protection measures and import or export licensing requirements and restrictions;
•the possibility of terrorist action or military conflict affecting us, our operations, supply chains or end-markets or economies generally;
•the threat of nationalization and expropriation;
•difficulty in staffing and managing widespread operations in non-U.S. labor markets;
•changes in tax treaties, laws or rulings that could have a material adverse impact on our effective tax rate;
•limitations on repatriation of earnings;
•the difficulty of protecting intellectual property in non-U.S. countries; and
•changes in and required compliance with a variety of non-U.S. laws and regulations.
Our success depends in part on our ability to anticipate and effectively manage these and other risks. We cannot assure you that these and other factors will not have a material adverse effect on our international operations or on our business as a whole.
Our dependence on subcontractors and third party suppliers and manufacturers with respect to projects could have a material adverse effect on us.
We often rely on third party subcontractors as well as third party suppliers and manufacturers to complete projects. To the extent that we cannot engage subcontractors or acquire supplies or materials from third parties for these projects, our ability to complete a project in a timely fashion or at a profit may be impaired. If the amount we are required to pay for these goods and services exceeds the amount we have estimated in bidding for fixed-price contracts, we could experience losses on these contracts. In addition, if a subcontractor, supplier or manufacturer is unable to deliver its services or materials according to the negotiated contract terms for any reason, including the deterioration of its financial condition or over-commitment of its resources, we may be required to purchase the services or materials from another source at a higher price. This may reduce the profit to be realized or result in a loss on a project for which the services or materials were needed.
Intellectual property challenges may hinder our ability to develop, engineer and market our products.
Patents, non-compete agreements, proprietary technologies, customer relationships, trademarks, trade names and brand names are important to our business. Intellectual property protection, however, may not preclude competitors from developing products similar to ours or from challenging our names or products. Our pending patent applications, and our pending copyright and trademark registration applications, may not be allowed or competitors may challenge the validity or scope of our patents, copyrights or trademarks. In addition, our patents, copyrights, trademarks and other intellectual property rights may not provide us a significant competitive advantage. Furthermore, participants in our markets may use challenges to intellectual property as a means to compete. Patent and trademark challenges increase our costs to develop, engineer and market our products. We may need to spend significant resources monitoring our intellectual property rights and we may or may not be able to detect infringement by third parties. If we fail to successfully enforce our intellectual property rights or register new patents, our competitive position could suffer, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We have significant goodwill and intangible assets and future impairment of our goodwill and intangible assets could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
We test goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment on at least an annual basis, and more frequently if circumstances warrant, by comparing the estimated fair value of our reporting unit to its respective carrying values on its balance sheets. As of December 31, 2024, our goodwill and intangible assets were $3.8 billion and represented 57% of our total assets. Changes in economic and operating conditions impacting the assumptions used in our impairment tests could result in future goodwill and intangible asset impairment expense.
Risks Relating to Legal, Regulatory and Compliance Matters
Changes in U.S. and foreign government administrative policy, including the imposition of or increases in tariffs and changes to existing trade agreements could have a material adverse effect on us.
As a result of changes to U.S. and foreign government administrative policy, there may be changes to existing trade agreements, greater restrictions on free trade generally, the imposition of or significant increases in tariffs on goods imported into the U.S. particularly tariffs on products manufactured in China, Canada and Mexico, and adverse responses by foreign governments to U.S. trade policies, among other possible changes. The U.S. administration has announced it intends to implement or increase tariffs and it remains unclear what the U.S. administration or foreign governments will or will not do with respect to tariffs or trade agreements and policies. A trade war, other governmental action related to tariffs or trade agreements, changes in U.S. social, political, regulatory and economic conditions or in laws and policies governing foreign trade, manufacturing, development and investment in the territories and countries where we currently purchase, manufacture and sell products, and any resulting negative sentiments towards the U.S. as a result of such changes, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Violations of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar anti-corruption laws outside the U.S. or international trade compliance regulations could have a material adverse effect on us.
The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar anti-corruption laws in other jurisdictions generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials or other persons for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. We operate in many parts of the world that are recognized as having governmental and commercial corruption and in certain circumstances, strict compliance with anti-bribery laws may conflict with local customs and practices. Because many of our customers and end users are involved in infrastructure construction, they are often subject to increased scrutiny by regulators.
Further, our global operations require importing and exporting goods and technology across international borders on a regular basis. Certain of the products we manufacture are “dual use” products, which are products that may have both civil and military applications, or may otherwise be involved in weapons proliferation, and are often subject to more stringent export controls. From time to time, we may obtain or receive information alleging improper activity in connection with imports or exports. Our policies mandate strict compliance with applicable laws and regulations, including those pertaining to anti-corruption, anti-bribery and trade. However, even when we are in strict compliance with law and our policies, we may suffer reputational damage if certain of our products are sold through various intermediaries to entities operating in sanctioned countries. We cannot assure that our internal control policies and procedures will always protect us from reckless or criminal acts committed by our employees or third-party intermediaries. In the event that we believe or have reason to believe that our employees or agents have or may have violated applicable laws, we may be required to investigate or have outside counsel investigate the relevant facts and circumstances, which can be expensive and require significant time and attention from senior management. Violations of these laws may require self-disclosure to governmental agencies and result in criminal or civil sanctions, which could disrupt our business, cause denial of import or export privileges, and result in a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We are exposed to potential environmental laws, liabilities and litigation.
We are subject to U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. laws and regulations governing our environmental practices, public and worker health and safety, and the indoor and outdoor environment. Compliance with these environmental, health and safety regulations could require us to satisfy environmental liabilities, increase the cost of manufacturing our products or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Any violations of these laws by us could cause us to incur unanticipated liabilities. We are also required to comply with various environmental laws and maintain permits, some of which are subject to renewal from time to time, for many of our businesses and we could suffer if we are unable to renew existing permits or to obtain any additional permits that we may require. Compliance with environmental requirements also could require significant operating or capital expenditures or result in significant operational restrictions. We cannot assure you that we have been or will be at all times in compliance with environmental and health and safety laws. If we violate these laws, we could be fined, criminally charged or otherwise sanctioned by regulators.
We have been named as defendant, target or a potentially responsible party ("PRP") in a number of environmental cleanups relating to our current or former businesses. We may be named as a PRP at other sites in the future for existing businesses, as well as both divested and acquired businesses. In addition to clean-up actions brought by governmental authorities, private parties could bring personal injury or other claims due to the presence of, or exposure to, hazardous substances. Certain environmental laws impose liability on current or previous owners or operators of real property for the cost of removal or remediation of hazardous substances at their properties or at properties at which they have disposed of hazardous substances. The cost of clean-up and other environmental liabilities can be difficult to accurately predict. In addition, environmental requirements change and tend to become more stringent over time. Our eventual environmental clean-up costs and liabilities could exceed the amount of our current reserves.
We may incur significant costs in our efforts to successfully avoid, manage, defend and litigate intellectual property matters.
From time to time, we receive notices from third parties alleging intellectual property infringement. Any dispute or litigation involving intellectual property could be costly and time-consuming due to the complexity and the uncertainty of intellectual property litigation. Our intellectual property portfolio may not be useful in asserting a counterclaim, or negotiating a license, in response to a claim of infringement or misappropriation. In addition, as a result of such claims, we may lose our rights to utilize critical technology, may be required to pay substantial damages or license fees with respect to the infringed rights or may be required to redesign our products at a substantial cost, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We are exposed to certain regulatory and financial risks related to climate change and other sustainability matters.
Climate change is receiving ever increasing attention worldwide. Many scientists, legislators and others attribute global warming to increased levels of greenhouse gases, which has led to significant legislative and regulatory efforts to limit greenhouse gas emissions. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") has published findings that emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and other greenhouse gases ("GHGs") present an endangerment to public health and the environment because
emissions of such gases are, according to the EPA, contributing to the warming of the earth's atmosphere and other climate changes. Based on these findings, the EPA has implemented regulations that require reporting of GHG emissions, or that limit emissions of GHGs from certain mobile or stationary sources. In addition, various federal, state and international regulatory agencies have considered other legislation and regulatory proposals to reduce emissions of GHGs, and many have already taken legal measures to reduce emissions of GHGs, primarily through the development of carbon tax, GHG inventories, GHG permitting and/or regional GHG cap-and-trade programs. It is uncertain whether, when and in what form a federal mandatory carbon dioxide emissions reduction program, or other state or international programs, may be adopted. To the extent our customers, particularly our industrial customers, are subject to any of these or other similar proposed or newly enacted laws and regulations, we are exposed to risks that the additional costs incurred by customers to comply with such laws and regulations could impact their ability or desire to continue to operate at similar levels in certain jurisdictions as historically seen or as currently anticipated, which could negatively impact their demand for our products and services. These actions could also increase costs associated with our operations, including costs for raw materials and transportation. Because it is uncertain what laws will be enacted, we cannot predict the potential impact of such laws on our future financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Further, we are subject to additional federal, state, international and national European and U.S. regulations relating to climate and environmental risk, which are continually evolving. Regulators in Europe and the U.S. have focused efforts on increased disclosure related to climate change and mitigation efforts. The European Union adopted the European Sustainability Reporting Standards and the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive ("CSRD") that imposes disclosure of the risks and opportunities arising from social and environmental issues, and on the impact of companies’ activities on people and the environment. Similarly, the State of California recently passed the Climate Corporate Data Accountability Act and the Climate-Related Financial Risk Act that will impose broad climate-related disclosure obligations on certain companies doing business in California, including us, starting in 2026. We will likely need to be prepared to contend with overlapping, yet distinct, climate-related disclosure requirements in multiple jurisdictions. Compliance may significantly increase compliance burdens and associated regulatory costs and complexity, and the failure to comply with such legislation and regulations could result in fines to us, and could affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
In addition, as part of our strategy regarding climate change and sustainability matters, we have set and may set additional targets aimed at reducing our impact on the environment and climate change and/or targets relating to other sustainability matters. Actions we take to achieve our targets or strategy could result in increased costs to our operations. We may not be able to achieve such targets or our desired impact, and any future investments we make in furtherance of achieving such targets and strategy may not meet investor expectations or standards regarding sustainability performance. Moreover, we may determine that it is in the best interest of our company and our shareholders to prioritize other business, social, governance or sustainable investments over the achievement of our current targets based on economic, regulatory and social factors, business strategy or pressure from investors or other stakeholders.
As investors and other stakeholders are increasingly focused on sustainability matters, and as stakeholder sustainability expectations and standards are evolving, we may not be able to sufficiently respond to these evolving standards and expectations. Furthermore, we could be criticized for the accuracy or completeness of the disclosure of our sustainability initiatives. If we are unable to meet our targets or successfully implement our strategy, or our sustainability reporting is inaccurate or incomplete, then we could suffer from reputational damage and incur adverse reaction from investors and other stakeholders, which could adversely impact the perception of our brands and our products and services by current and potential investors and customers, which could in turn adversely impact our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Increased cybersecurity threats and computer crime pose a risk to our systems, networks, products and services, which expose us to potential regulatory, financial and reputational risks.
We rely upon information technology systems and networks in connection with a variety of business activities, some of which are managed by third parties. As our business increasingly interfaces with employees, customers, distributors and suppliers using information technology systems and networks, we are subject to an increased risk to the secure operation of these systems and networks. Our evolution into smart products and Internet of Things subjects us to increased cyber and technology risks. The secure operation of these information technology systems and networks is critical to our business operations and strategy.
Cybersecurity threats from user error to attacks designed to gain unauthorized access to our systems, networks and data are increasing in frequency and sophistication. These threats pose a risk to the security of our systems and networks and the confidentiality, availability and integrity of the data we process and maintain and pose a risk of theft to our assets. The risk of cybersecurity attacks may increase as artificial intelligence capabilities improve and are increasingly used to identify vulnerabilities and construct increasingly sophisticated cybersecurity attacks, with the possibility of additional vulnerabilities being introduced through our own use of artificial intelligence and its use by our stakeholders, including vendors and customers. Establishing systems and processes to address these threats and changes in legal requirements relating to data collection and storage may increase our costs. Previous cybersecurity incidents have not materially affected us, including our
business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. There can be no assurance of similar results in the future. Should future attacks succeed, it could expose us and our employees, customers, distributors and suppliers to the theft of assets, misuse of information or systems, the compromising of confidential information, manipulation and destruction of data, product failures, production downtimes and operations disruptions. The occurrence of any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, such cybersecurity incidents could result in litigation, regulatory action and potential liability and the costs and operational consequences of implementing further cybersecurity measures.
Changes in data privacy laws and our ability to comply with them could have a material adverse effect on us.
We collect and store data that is sensitive to us and our employees, customers, distributors and suppliers. A variety of state, national, foreign and international laws and regulations apply to the collection, use, retention, protection, security, disclosure, transfer and other processing of personal and other data. Many foreign data privacy regulations, including the General Data Protection Regulation (the “GDPR”) in the European Union and the U.K., are more stringent than federal regulations in the United States. Within the United States, many states are considering adopting, or have already adopted privacy regulations, including, for example, the California Consumer Privacy Act. These laws and regulations are rapidly evolving and changing, and could have an adverse effect on our operations. Companies’ obligations and requirements under these laws and regulations are subject to uncertainty in how they may be interpreted by courts and governmental authorities. The costs of compliance with, and the other burdens imposed by, these and other laws or regulatory actions may increase our operational costs, and/or result in interruptions or delays in the availability of systems. In the case of non-compliance with these laws, including the GDPR, regulators have the authority to levy significant fines. In addition, if there is a breach of privacy, we may be required to make notifications under data privacy laws or regulations, or could become subject to litigation. The occurrence of any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We may be negatively impacted by litigation, including product liability claims.
We are currently, and may in the future become, subject to litigation and other claims. We have been made parties to a number of actions filed or have been given notice of potential claims relating to the conduct of our business, including those pertaining to commercial disputes, product liability, asbestos, environmental, safety and health, patent infringement and employment matters. The outcome of such legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty and some may be disposed of unfavorably to us. Our business exposes us to potential litigation, such as product liability claims relating to the design, manufacture and sale of our products. While we currently maintain what we believe to be suitable product liability insurance, we may not be able to maintain this insurance on acceptable terms and this insurance may not provide adequate protection against potential or previously existing liabilities. In addition, we self-insure a portion of product liability claims. Successful claims against us for significant amounts could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Risks Relating to Financial Markets and Our Debt and Liquidity
Increased leverage may harm our financial condition and results of operations.
As of December 31, 2024, we had $2.2 billion of total debt on a consolidated basis. We and our subsidiaries may incur additional indebtedness in the future, subject to limitations in our debt agreements. This increase and any future increases in our level of indebtedness will have several important effects on our future operations, including, without limitation:
•we will have additional cash requirements to support the payment of interest on our outstanding indebtedness;
•increases in our outstanding indebtedness and leverage may increase our vulnerability to adverse changes in general economic and industry conditions, as well as to competitive pressure;
•our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, general corporate and other purposes may be reduced;
•our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and our industry may be reduced; and
•our flexibility to make acquisitions and develop technology may be limited.
Our ability to make payments of principal and interest on our indebtedness depends upon our future performance, which will be subject to general economic conditions and financial, business and other factors affecting our consolidated operations, many of which are beyond our control. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow from operations in the future to service our debt and meet our other cash requirements, we may be required, among other things:
•to seek additional financing in the debt or equity markets;
•to refinance or restructure all or a portion of our indebtedness;
•to sell selected assets or businesses; or
•to reduce or delay planned capital or operating expenditures.
Such measures might not be sufficient to enable us to service our debt and meet our other cash requirements. In addition, any such financing, refinancing or sale of assets might not be available at all or on economically favorable terms.
Volatility in currency exchange rates could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Sales outside of the U.S. for the year ended December 31, 2024 accounted for approximately 28% of our net sales. Our financial statements reflect translation of items denominated in non-U.S. currencies to U.S. dollars. Therefore, if the U.S. dollar strengthens in relation to the principal non-U.S. currencies from which we derive revenue as compared to a prior period, our U.S. dollar-reported revenue and income will effectively be decreased to the extent of the change in currency valuations and vice-versa. For the year ended December 31, 2024, foreign currency translations did not have an impact on our net sales. Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, most notably the strengthening of the U.S. dollar against the euro, could have a material adverse effect on our reported revenue and income in future periods.
Disruptions in the financial markets could adversely affect us, our customers and our suppliers by increasing funding costs or reducing availability of credit.
In the normal course of our business, we may access credit markets for general corporate purposes, which may include repayment of indebtedness, acquisitions, additions to working capital, repurchase of shares and capital expenditures. Although we expect to have sufficient liquidity to meet our foreseeable needs, our access to and the cost of capital could be negatively impacted by disruptions in the credit markets, which have occurred in the past and made financing terms for borrowers unattractive or unavailable. These factors may make it more difficult or expensive for us to access credit markets if the need arises. In addition, these factors may make it more difficult for our suppliers to meet demand for their products or for prospective customers to commence new projects, as customers and suppliers may experience increased costs of debt financing or difficulties in obtaining debt financing. Disruptions in the financial markets in the past have had adverse effects on other areas of the economy and have led to a slowdown in general economic activity that may adversely affect our businesses. One or more of these factors could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Covenants in our debt instruments may adversely affect us.
Our credit agreements and indentures contain customary financial covenants, including those that limit the amount of our debt, which may restrict the operations of our business and our ability to incur additional debt to finance acquisitions. Our ability to meet the financial covenants can be affected by events beyond our control, and we cannot provide assurance that we will meet those tests. A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under our credit agreements or indentures. Upon the occurrence of an event of default under any of our credit facilities or indentures, the lenders or trustees could elect to declare all amounts outstanding thereunder to be immediately due and payable and, in the case of credit facility lenders, terminate all commitments to extend further credit. If the lenders or trustees accelerate the repayment of borrowings, we cannot provide assurance that we will have sufficient assets to repay our credit facilities and our other indebtedness. Furthermore, acceleration of any obligation under any of our material debt instruments will permit the holders of our other material debt to accelerate their obligations, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
We may increase our debt or raise additional capital, our credit ratings may be downgraded in the future, or our interest rates may increase, each of which could affect our financial condition, and may decrease our profitability.
We may increase our debt or raise additional capital in the future, subject to restrictions in our debt agreements. If our cash flow from operations is less than we anticipate, if our cash requirements are more than we expect, or if we intend to finance acquisitions, we may require more financing. However, debt or equity financing may not be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all. If we incur additional debt or raise equity through the issuance of additional capital shares, the terms of the debt or capital shares issued may give the holders rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of holders of our ordinary shares, particularly in the event of liquidation. The terms of the debt may also impose additional and more stringent restrictions on our operations than we currently have. If we raise funds through the issuance of additional equity, the percentage ownership of existing shareholders in our company would decline. If we are unable to raise additional capital when needed, our financial condition could be adversely affected.
Unfavorable changes in the ratings that rating agencies assign to our debt may ultimately negatively impact our access to the debt capital markets and increase the costs we incur to borrow funds. If ratings for our debt are downgraded, our access to the debt capital markets may become restricted. Additionally, our credit agreements generally include an increase in interest rates if the ratings for our debt are downgraded. To the extent that our interest rates increase, our interest expense will increase, which could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Risks Relating to Our Jurisdiction of Incorporation in Ireland and Tax Residency in the U.K.
We are subject to changes in law and other factors that may not allow us to maintain a worldwide effective corporate tax rate that is competitive in our industry.
While we believe that we should be able to maintain a worldwide effective corporate tax rate that is competitive in our industry, we cannot give any assurance as to what our effective tax rate will be in the future, because of, among other things, uncertainty regarding the tax policies of the jurisdictions where we operate. Our actual effective tax rate may vary from our expectation and that variance may be material. Also, the tax laws of the U.S., the U.K., Ireland and other jurisdictions could change in the future, and such changes could cause a material change in our worldwide effective corporate tax rate. For example, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development introduced an international tax framework under Pillar II (the "Pillar II framework") which includes a global minimum tax of 15%. The Pillar II framework has been implemented by several jurisdictions, including jurisdictions in which we operate, with effect from January 1, 2024, which resulted in an increase to our effective tax rate in 2024. In addition, legislative or administrative action could be taken by the U.S., the U.K., Ireland or the European Union which could override tax treaties or modify tax statutes or regulations upon which we expect to rely, limit the availability of tax benefits or deductions we currently claim or otherwise affect the taxes imposed on our worldwide operations and materially adversely affect our effective tax rate. We cannot predict the outcome of any specific legislative proposals. If proposals were enacted that had the effect of disregarding our incorporation in Ireland or limiting our ability as an Irish company to maintain tax residency in the U.K. and take advantage of the tax treaties among the U.S., the U.K. and Ireland, we could be subject to increased taxation, which could materially adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or our effective tax rate in future reporting periods.
A change in our tax residency could have a negative effect on our future profitability, and may trigger taxes on dividends or exit charges.
We are incorporated in Ireland and we are an Irish tax resident under Irish domestic law unless we are regarded as being resident elsewhere (and not Ireland) under the terms of a double tax treaty. Under domestic U.K. law, a company that is centrally managed and controlled in the U.K. is regarded as resident in the U.K. for taxation purposes unless it is treated as resident in another jurisdiction pursuant to any appropriate double tax treaty with the U.K. Other jurisdictions may also seek to assert taxing jurisdiction over us.
Effective for tax periods beginning on or after November 1, 2019, where a company is treated as tax resident under the domestic laws of both the U.K. and Ireland, the Double Tax Convention between the U.K. and Ireland (the “Convention”) signed on June 2, 1976, and as modified by paragraph 1 of Article 4 of the Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (the “Multilateral Instrument” or “MLI”) provides that the residence of a dual-resident entity should be determined by way of mutual agreement between the Irish Revenue Commissioners and His Majesty’s Revenue Commissioners. The tie-breaker test provides that, in cases of dual residence, the competent authorities of the two states shall determine by mutual agreement the territory of which the person shall be deemed to be resident for purposes of the Convention.
Our application under the Mutual Agreement Procedure provided for in Article 24 of the Convention (as amended pursuant to the MLI) seeking confirmation that we will continue to be tax resident solely in the U.K. was approved by the competent authorities of the U.K. and Ireland effective December 31, 2019.
It is possible that in the future, whether as a result of a change in law or the practice of any relevant tax authority or as a result of any change in the conduct of our affairs, we could become, or be regarded as having become, resident in a jurisdiction other than the U.K. If we cease to be resident in the U.K. and become resident in another jurisdiction, we may be subject to U.K. exit charges, and could become liable for additional tax charges in the other jurisdiction (including dividend withholding taxes or corporate income tax charges). If we were to be treated as resident in more than one jurisdiction, we could be subject to taxation in multiple jurisdictions. If, for example, we were considered to be a tax resident of Ireland, we could become liable for Irish corporation tax and any dividends paid by us could be subject to Irish dividend withholding tax.
Irish law differs from the laws in effect in the U.S. and may afford less protection to holders of our securities.
It may not be possible to enforce court judgments obtained in the U.S. against us in Ireland based on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal or state securities laws. In addition, there is some uncertainty as to whether the courts of Ireland would recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers based on the civil liabilities provisions of the U.S. federal or state securities laws or hear actions against us or those persons based on those laws. We have been advised that the U.S. currently does not have a treaty with Ireland providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters. Therefore, a final judgment for the payment of money rendered by any U.S. federal or state court based on civil liability, whether or not based solely on U.S. federal or state securities laws, would not automatically be enforceable in Ireland.
As an Irish company, we are governed by the Companies Act 2014, which differs in some material respects from laws generally applicable to U.S. corporations and shareholders, including, among others, differences relating to interested director and officer transactions and shareholder lawsuits. Likewise, the duties of directors and officers of an Irish company generally are owed to the company only. Shareholders of Irish companies generally do not have a personal right of action against directors or officers of the company and may exercise such rights of action on behalf of the company only in limited circumstances. Accordingly, holders of our securities may have more difficulty protecting their interests than would holders of securities of a corporation incorporated in a jurisdiction of the U.S.
In addition, our articles of association provide that the Irish courts have exclusive jurisdiction to determine any and all derivative actions in which a holder of nVent ordinary shares asserts a claim in the name of nVent, actions asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty of any of the directors of nVent and actions asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of Irish law or our articles of association. Under Irish law, the proper claimant for wrongs committed against nVent, including by our directors, is considered to be nVent itself. Irish law permits a shareholder to initiate a lawsuit on behalf of a company such as nVent only in limited circumstances and requires court permission to do so.
Irish law differs from the laws in effect in the U.S., which may negatively impact our ability to issue ordinary shares.
Under Irish law, we must have authority from our shareholders to issue any ordinary shares, including shares that are part of our authorized but unissued share capital. In addition, unless authorized by its shareholders, when an Irish company issues shares for cash to new shareholders, it is required first to offer those shares on the same or more favorable terms to existing shareholders on a pro-rata basis. If we are unable to obtain these authorizations from our shareholders, or are otherwise limited by the terms of our authorizations, our ability to issue ordinary shares under our equity compensation plans and, if applicable, to facilitate funding acquisitions or otherwise raise capital could be adversely affected.
Transfers of nVent ordinary shares may be subject to Irish stamp duty.
Transfers of nVent ordinary shares effected by means of the transfer of book entry interests in the Depository Trust Company ("DTC") will not be subject to Irish stamp duty. However, if you hold your nVent ordinary shares directly, rather than beneficially through DTC, any transfer of your nVent ordinary shares could be subject to Irish stamp duty (currently at the rate of 1 percent of the higher of the price paid or the market value of the shares acquired). Payment of Irish stamp duty is generally a legal obligation of the transferee.
We currently intend to pay (or cause one of our affiliates to pay) stamp duty in connection with share transfers made in the ordinary course of trading by a seller who holds shares directly to a buyer who holds the acquired shares beneficially. In other cases we may, in our absolute discretion, pay (or cause one of our affiliates to pay) any stamp duty. Our constitution provides that, in the event of any such payment, we (i) may seek reimbursement from the buyer, (ii) will have a lien against the shares acquired by such buyer and any dividends paid on such shares and (iii) may set-off the amount of the stamp duty against future dividends on such shares. Parties to a share transfer may assume that any stamp duty arising in respect of a transaction in nVent ordinary shares has been paid unless one or both of such parties is otherwise notified by us.
nVent ordinary shares, received by means of a gift or inheritance, could be subject to Irish capital acquisitions tax.
Irish capital acquisitions tax (“CAT”) could apply to a gift or inheritance of nVent ordinary shares irrespective of the place of residence, ordinary residence or domicile of the parties. This is because nVent ordinary shares will be regarded as property situated in Ireland. The person who receives the gift or inheritance has primary liability for CAT. Gifts and inheritances passing between spouses are exempt from CAT. Children have a tax-free threshold which Irish Revenue typically updates annually in respect of taxable gifts or inheritances received from their parents.
General Risk Factors
Our share price may fluctuate significantly.
We cannot predict the prices at which nVent ordinary shares may trade. The market price of nVent ordinary shares may fluctuate widely, depending on many factors, some of which may be beyond our control, including:
•actual or anticipated fluctuations in our results of operations due to factors related to our business;
•success or failure of our business strategy;
•our quarterly or annual earnings, or those of other companies in our industry;
•our ability to obtain third-party financing as needed;
•announcements by us or our competitors of significant acquisitions or dispositions;
•changes in accounting standards, policies, guidance, interpretations or principles;
•changes in earnings estimates by us or securities analysts or our ability to meet those estimates;
•the operating and share price performance of other comparable companies or of companies in industries that are our customers;
•investors' perceptions of us;
•natural or other environmental disasters that investors believe may affect us;
•overall market fluctuations;
•results from any material litigation, including government investigations or environmental liabilities;
•changes in laws and regulations affecting our business; and
•general economic conditions and other external factors.
Stock markets in general have experienced volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of a particular company. These broad market fluctuations could have a material adverse effect on our share price.
Our success depends on attracting and retaining qualified personnel.
Our ability to sustain and grow our business requires us to hire, retain and develop a highly skilled and diverse management team and workforce. Failure to ensure that we have the depth and breadth of personnel with the necessary skill set and experience, or the loss of key employees, could impede our ability to deliver our growth objectives and execute our strategy.
Catastrophic and other events beyond our control may disrupt operations at our manufacturing facilities and those of our suppliers, which could cause us to be unable to meet customer demands or increase our costs or reduce customer spending.
If operations at any of our manufacturing facilities or those of our suppliers were to be disrupted as a result of significant equipment failures, natural disasters, earthquakes, power outages, fires, explosions, terrorism, military conflicts, international hostilities, cybersecurity incidents, adverse weather conditions, labor disputes, public health epidemics or other catastrophic events or events outside of our control, we may be unable to fill customer orders and otherwise meet customer demand for our products. In addition, these types of events may negatively impact consumer, commercial and industrial spending in impacted regions or, depending on the severity, globally. As a result, any of such events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Interruptions in production, in particular at our manufacturing facilities, could increase our costs and reduce our sales. Any interruption in production capability could require us to make substantial capital expenditures to fill customer orders. We maintain property damage insurance that we believe to be adequate to provide for reconstruction of facilities and equipment, as well as business interruption insurance to mitigate losses resulting from any production interruption or shutdown caused by an insured loss. However, any recovery under our insurance policies may not offset the lost sales or increased costs that may be experienced during the disruption of operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our principal office is located in leased premises in London, U.K., and our management office in the U.S. is located in leased premises in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Our key operations are conducted in manufacturing and distribution facilities throughout the world. The following is a summary of our principal manufacturing and distribution properties:
Number of Facilities
Manufacturing Plant Locations Manufacturing Plants Distribution Facilities
Enclosures U.S. and 10 other countries 24 16
Electrical & Fastening Solutions U.S. and 4 other countries 14 8
We believe that our production facilities are suitable for their purpose and are adequate to support our businesses.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We have been made parties to a number of actions filed or have been given notice of potential claims relating to the conduct of our business, including those pertaining to commercial disputes, product liability, asbestos, environmental, safety and health, patent infringement and employment matters.
While we believe that a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows from any such future claims or potential claims is unlikely, given the inherent uncertainty of litigation, a remote possibility exists that a future adverse ruling or unfavorable development could result in future charges that could have a material adverse impact. We do and will continue to periodically reexamine our estimates of probable liabilities and any associated expenses and receivables and make appropriate adjustments to such estimates based on experience and developments in litigation. As a result, the current estimates of the potential impact on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the proceedings and claims described in the notes to our consolidated financial statements could change in the future.
Environmental matters
We have been named as defendant, target or a potentially responsible party ("PRP") in a number of environmental clean-ups relating to our current or former businesses. We may be named as a PRP at other sites in the future for existing businesses, as well as both divested and acquired businesses. In addition to clean-up actions brought by governmental authorities, private parties could bring personal injury or other claims due to the presence of, or exposure to, hazardous substances.
Certain environmental laws impose liability on current or previous owners or operators of real property for the cost of removal or remediation of hazardous substances at their properties or at properties at which they have disposed of hazardous substances. Our accruals for environmental matters are recorded on a site-by-site basis when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated, based on current law and existing technologies. It can be difficult to estimate reliably the final costs of investigation and remediation due to various factors. In our opinion, the amounts accrued are appropriate based on facts and circumstances as currently known. As of December 31, 2024, our recorded reserves for environmental matters were not material. We do not anticipate these environmental conditions will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, unknown conditions, new details about existing conditions or changes in environmental requirements may give rise to environmental liabilities that will exceed the amount of our current reserves and could have a material adverse effect in the future.
Product liability claims
We are subject to various product liability lawsuits and personal injury claims. A substantial number of these lawsuits and claims are insured and accrued for by Tonka Bay, a captive insurance subsidiary of nVent. Tonka Bay records a liability for these claims based on actuarial projections of ultimate losses. For all other claims, accruals covering the claims are recorded, on an undiscounted basis, when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated based on existing information. The accruals are adjusted periodically as additional information becomes available. We have not experienced significant unfavorable trends in either the severity or frequency of product liability lawsuits or personal injury claims.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Current executive officers of nVent Electric plc, their ages, current position and their business experience during at least the past five years are as follows:
Name Age Current Position and Business Experience
Beth A. Wozniak 60 Chief Executive Officer since 2018 and Chair of the Board since 2023; Ms. Wozniak was the President of Pentair’s Electrical segment during 2017. Ms. Wozniak previously served as President of Pentair’s Flow & Filtration Solutions Global Business Unit from 2015 - 2016. Ms. Wozniak was President of the Environmental and Combustion Controls unit of Honeywell International Inc. (a software-industrial company) from 2011 - 2015 and President of the Sensing and Controls Unit of Honeywell International Inc. from 2006 - 2011, and she held various leadership positions at Honeywell International Inc. and its predecessor AlliedSignal Inc. from 1990 - 2006.
Sara E. Zawoyski 50 Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since 2019, and Interim President of Enclosures since June 2024; Ms. Zawoyski was the Senior Vice President Finance and Treasurer of the Company from 2018 - 2019. Ms. Zawoyski previously served in the following roles at Pentair and its predecessors: Chief Financial Officer, Electrical Segment from 2017 - 2018, Chief Financial Officer, Flow and Filtration Solutions from 2015 - 2017, Chief Financial Officer Flow Technologies from 2014 - 2015, Chief Financial Officer, Equipment Protection from 2012 - 2014, and Vice President Investor Relations from 2010 - 2012. Ms. Zawoyski also previously held various investor relations and managerial finance leadership positions at PepsiAmericas from 2002 - 2010 and various positions in the audit practice of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP from 1996 - 2002.
Jon D. Lammers 60 Executive Vice President and General Counsel and Secretary since 2018; Mr. Lammers served as Pentair's General Counsel, Electrical from 2017-2018 and was an attorney at Foulston Siefkin LLP (a Kansas-based law firm) from 2016 - 2017. Mr. Lammers previously served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Spirit Aerosystems Holdings, Inc. (a designer and manufacturer of aerostructures) from 2012 - 2016. He held various senior legal roles, including Deputy North American General Counsel and Asia Pacific General Counsel with Cargill Inc. from 1997 - 2012. Prior to his corporate experience, Mr. Lammers practiced law at Oppenheimer, Wolff & Donnelly (n/k/a Fox Rothschild LLP) from 1993 - 1997 and Paul Hastings LLP from 1991 - 1993.
Lynnette R. Heath 57 Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer since 2018; Ms. Heath was the Senior Vice President, Global Human Resources of Entrust Datacard (a privately held global security and identity company) from 2009 - 2017. Ms. Heath previously held various human resources roles with General Electric Company from 2000 - 2009, with McKesson Corporation from 1996 - 2000 and with Northern States Power Company (n/k/a Xcel Energy Inc.) from 1992 - 1996.
Aravind Padmanabhan 56 Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer since 2019; Mr. Padmanabhan was the Vice President and Chief Technology Officer of the Honeywell Connected Worker unit of Honeywell International Inc. (a software-industrial company) from 2018 - 2019, and served as Acting Chief Architect of the Honeywell Sentience Platform in 2018. Mr. Padmanabhan previously served as Vice President and Chief Technology Officer of the Home & Building Technologies unit of Honeywell International Inc. from 2016 - 2018 and the Environmental & Energy Solutions unit of Honeywell International Inc. from 2013 - 2016. Mr. Padmanabhan also previously held various other technology and engineering leadership positions at Honeywell International Inc. from 1997 - 2013.
Martha C. Bennett 52 Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer since January 2024; Ms. Bennett was the Chief Marketing Officer and Senior Vice President from 2023 - 2024, and the Vice President of Global Marketing Excellence from 2020 - 2023, of the Safety & Industrial Business Group at 3M Company. Ms. Bennett previously held various marketing and leadership roles with 3M Company from 2004 - 2020, with Diamond Aircraft from 2003 - 2004 and with Bombardier Aerospace from 1998 - 2003.
Randolph A. Wacker 60 Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer since 2018 and Treasurer since 2019; Mr. Wacker was the Assistant Corporate Controller of Pentair and served in that role from 2005-2017. Mr. Wacker served as the U.S. Controller of Computer Network Technologies from 2004 - 2005. He served over 10 years in corporate controlling and external reporting roles in various public companies. Mr. Wacker also served as an accountant with the public accounting firm Larson, Allen, Weishair & Co., LLP (n/k/a CliftonLarsonAllen) from 1988 - 1993.
Robert J. van der Kolk
President of Electrical & Fastening Solutions since 2018; Mr. van der Kolk was the Vice President of Pentair’s Engineered & Fastening Solutions Strategic Business Unit of the Electrical segment and served in that role from 2015 - 2017. Mr. van der Kolk previously served as the Executive Vice President, Sales for ERICO from 2011 - 2015, and held various sales, development, and manufacturing leadership roles with ERICO from 2001 - 2008. Mr. van der Kolk held Plant Superintendent and Production Management roles for Cargill in the Netherlands and Germany from 1993 - 2001.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Our ordinary shares are listed for trading on the New York Stock Exchange and trade under the symbol "NVT." As of December 31, 2024, there were 11,711 shareholders of record.
The timing, declaration and payment of future dividends to holders of our ordinary shares will depend upon many factors, including our financial condition and results of operations, the capital requirements of our businesses, industry practice and any other relevant factors.
Share Performance Graph
The following information under the caption "Share Performance Graph" in this ITEM 5 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is not deemed to be "soliciting material" or to be "filed" with the Securities and Exchange Commission or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act and will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent we specifically incorporate it by reference into such a filing.
The following graph sets forth the cumulative total shareholder return on our ordinary shares from December 31, 2019, assuming the investment of $100 and the reinvestment of all dividends since that date to December 31, 2024. The graph also contains for comparison purposes the S&P Mid Cap 400 Index and the S&P Mid Cap 400 Industrials Index, assuming the same investment level and reinvestment of dividends. By virtue of our market capitalization, we are a component of the S&P Mid Cap 400 Index. On the basis of our size and diversity of businesses, we believe the S&P Mid Cap 400 Industrials Index is an appropriate published industry index for comparison purposes.
Base Period
December 31 INDEXED RETURNS
Years ended December 31,
Company / Index 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
nVent Electric plc $ 100 $ 94.32 $ 157.66 $ 162.90 $ 254.09 $ 296.34
S&P Mid Cap 400 Index 100 113.66 141.80 123.28 143.54 163.54
S&P Mid Cap 400 Industrials Index 100 116.49 149.62 132.42 174.04 197.51
Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table provides information with respect to purchases we made of our ordinary shares during the fourth quarter of 2024:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Total number of
shares purchased Average price
paid per share Total number of shares purchased
as part of publicly announced plans or programs Dollar value of
shares that may
yet be purchased
under the plans or programs
October 1 - October 26, 2024 269 $ 75.71 - $ 400,000,005
October 27 - November 23, 2024 846 72.86 - 400,000,005
November 24 - December 31, 2024 3,134 76.03 - 400,000,005
Total 4,249 -
(a)The purchases in this column includes shares repurchased as part of our publicly announced plans and shares deemed surrendered to us by participants in the nVent Electric plc 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the "2018 Plan") and earlier Pentair stock incentive plans that are now outstanding under the 2018 Plan (collectively the "Plans") to satisfy the exercise price or withholding of tax obligations related to the exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted shares and vesting of performance shares.
(b)The average price paid in this column includes shares repurchased as part of our publicly announced plans and shares deemed surrendered to us by participants in the Plans to satisfy the exercise price of stock options and withholding tax obligations due upon stock option exercises, vesting of restricted shares and vesting of performance shares.
(c)The number of shares in this column represents the number of shares repurchased as part of our publicly announced plans to repurchase our ordinary shares up to a maximum dollar limit authorized by the Board of Directors, discussed below.
(d)On May 17, 2024, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of our ordinary shares up to a maximum dollar limit of $500.0 million (the "2024 Authorization"). The 2024 Authorization began on July 23, 2024 and expires on July 22, 2027. As of December 31, 2024, we had $400.0 million available for repurchases under the 2024 Authorization.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
ITEM 6. RESERVED

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations refers to and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the corresponding notes included in ITEM 8.
Forward-looking statements
This report contains statements that we believe to be "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements, other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. Without limitation, any statements preceded or followed by or that include the words "targets," "plans," "believes," "expects," "intends," "will," "likely," "may," "anticipates," "estimates," "projects," "forecasts," "should," "would," "could," "positioned," "strategy," "future," "are confident," or words, phrases or terms of similar substance or the negative thereof, are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Among these factors are adverse effects on our business operations or financial results, including the overall global economic and business conditions impacting our business; the ability to achieve the benefits of our restructuring plans; the ability to successfully identify, finance, complete and integrate acquisitions, including the Trachte acquisition; competition and pricing pressures in the markets we serve, including the impacts of tariffs; volatility in currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices; inability to generate savings from excellence in operations initiatives consisting of lean enterprise, supply management and cash flow practices; inability to mitigate material and other cost inflation; risks related to the availability of, and cost inflation in, supply chain inputs, including labor, raw materials, commodities, packaging and transportation; increased risks associated with operating foreign businesses, including risks associated with military conflicts; the ability to deliver backlog and win future project work; failure of markets to accept new product introductions and enhancements; the impact of changes in laws and regulations, including those that limit U.S. tax benefits; the outcome of litigation and governmental proceedings; and the ability to achieve our long-term strategic operating goals. Additional information concerning these and other factors is contained in our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), including this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report. nVent Electric plc assumes no obligation, and disclaims any obligation, to update the information contained in this report.
Overview
The terms "us," "we," "our," "the Company" or "nVent" refer to nVent Electric plc. nVent is a leading global provider of electrical connection and protection solutions. We believe our inventive electrical solutions enable safer systems and ensure a more secure world. We connect and protect some of the world's most critical electrical systems to make them safer, more efficient and resilient. We design, manufacture, market, install and service high performance products and solutions that connect and protect mission critical equipment, buildings and essential processes. We have a comprehensive portfolio of cable management, control buildings, cooling solutions, both liquid and air, electrical connections, enclosures, equipment protection, power connections and power management solutions, and we are recognized globally for quality, reliability and innovation.
We classify our operations into business segments based primarily on types of products offered and markets served. We operate across two segments: Enclosures and Electrical & Fastening Solutions, which represented approximately 61% and 39% of total revenues during 2024, respectively. In the first quarter of 2025, we will be renaming our Enclosures segment to Systems Protection, and our Electrical & Fastening Solutions segment to Electrical Connections.
•Enclosures (to be renamed Systems Protection beginning in the first quarter of 2025)-The Enclosures segment provides innovative solutions to help protect electronics, systems and data in mission critical applications, including data centers, that improve resiliency and energy efficiency. Our standard and custom protective enclosures, cooling solutions, both liquid and air, control buildings and power distribution solutions help protect operating environments for mission critical applications in industrial, infrastructure, commercial and energy verticals.
•Electrical & Fastening Solutions (to be renamed Electrical Connections beginning in the first quarter of 2025)-The Electrical & Fastening Solutions segment provides innovative solutions that connect power and data infrastructure. Our offerings enhance end-user safety, reduce installation time and provide resiliency for critical systems. Our cable management, electrical connections and solutions, and power connections help make electrical systems safe, efficient and resilient, and are used across a wide range of verticals, including commercial and residential, infrastructure, industrial and energy.
On May 18, 2023, as part of our Electrical & Fastening Solutions reporting segment, we completed the acquisition of ECM Investors, LLC, the parent of ECM Industries, LLC ("ECM Industries"), for approximately $1.1 billion in cash. ECM Industries is a leading provider of high-value electrical connectors, tools and test instruments and cable management. The purchase price was funded primarily through borrowings under the 2033 Notes and 2023 Term Loan Facility (as defined below).
On July 10, 2023, we acquired TEXA Industries for approximately $34.8 million in cash. TEXA Industries is an Italian manufacturer of industrial cooling applications that we will market as part of the nVent HOFFMAN product line within our Enclosures segment.
On July 16, 2024, we completed the acquisition of the Trachte, LLC ("Trachte") as part of our Enclosures reporting segment, for approximately $687.5 million in cash. Trachte is a leading manufacturer of engineered control building solutions designed to protect critical infrastructure assets. The purchase price was funded primarily through borrowings under the 2024 Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below).
On July 31, 2024, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our Thermal Management business to BCP VI Summit Holdings LP (as assignee of BCP Acquisitions LLC), an affiliate of funds managed by Brookfield Asset Management, for a purchase price of $1.7 billion in cash, subject to certain customary purchase price adjustments. The results of the Thermal Management business are reported as a discontinued operation in our Consolidated Financial Statements for all periods presented. The assets and liabilities of this business have been reclassified as held for sale in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for all periods presented. The Thermal Management business was previously disclosed as a stand-alone reporting segment. On January 30, 2025, we completed the sale of the Thermal Management business. For further details, see ITEM 8, Note 6 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Key Trends and Uncertainties Regarding our Existing Business
The following trends and uncertainties affected our financial performance in 2023 and 2024, and are reasonably likely to impact our results in the future:
•During 2023 and 2024, we experienced inflationary increases, primarily related to labor and raw material costs. We have taken pricing actions and implemented productivity improvements that could help offset these cost increases. We expect inflationary cost increases, including the impacts of tariffs, to continue into 2025, which could negatively impact our results of operations.
•Our global operations make our effective tax rate sensitive to significant tax law changes. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development introduced an international tax framework under Pillar II (the "Pillar II framework") which includes a global minimum tax of 15%. The Pillar II framework has been implemented by several jurisdictions, including jurisdictions in which we operate, with effect from January 1, 2024, which resulted in an increase to our effective tax rate in 2024. We will continue to monitor these developments as more countries in which we operate adopt legislation and provide guidance.
•The converging megatrends of the electrification of everything, sustainability and digitalization, including the increased use of artificial intelligence, have led to sales growth, particularly in the infrastructure vertical, which includes our data solutions business that is primarily in our Enclosures segment. We expect these megatrends to continue and further drive sales growth in 2025.
•We have invested in innovation and new products, which has contributed to sales growth. We expect continued investment in new products to further drive sales growth in 2025.
In 2025, our operating objectives include the following:
•Executing our sustainability strategy focused on People, Products, Planet and Governance;
•Enhancing and supporting employee engagement, development and retention;
•Achieving differentiated revenue growth through focus on higher growth verticals, new products and innovation, global expansion and acquisitions;
•Integrating recent acquisitions with our existing operations;
•Optimizing our technological capabilities to increasingly generate innovative new and connected products and advance digital transformation;
•Driving operational excellence through lean and agile, with specific focus on our digital transformation and supply chain resiliency;
•Optimizing working capital through inventory reduction initiatives across business segments and focused actions to optimize customer and vendor payment terms; and
•Deploying capital strategically to drive growth and value creation.
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The consolidated results of operations were as follows:
Years ended December 31 % / point change
In millions 2024 2023 2022 2024 vs 2023 2023 vs 2022
Net sales $ 3,006.1 $ 2,668.9 $ 2,295.1 12.6 % 16.3 %
Cost of goods sold 1,797.0 1,593.7 1,472.2 12.8 % 8.3 %
Gross profit 1,209.1 1,075.2 822.9 12.5 % 30.7 %
% of net sales 40.2 % 40.3 % 35.9 % (0.1) pts 4.4 pts
Selling, general and administrative 615.9 557.3 468.3 10.5 % 19.0 %
% of net sales 20.5 % 20.9 % 20.4 % (0.4) pts 0.5 pts
Research and development 66.1 55.2 45.6 19.7 % 21.1 %
% of net sales 2.2 % 2.1 % 2.0 % 0.1 pts 0.1 pts
Operating income 527.1 462.7 309.0 13.9 % 49.7 %
% of net sales 17.5 % 17.3 % 13.5 % 0.2 pts 3.8 pts
Net interest expense 106.0 79.4 31.2 N.M. N.M.
Gain on sale of investment - (10.3) - N.M. N.M.
Other expense (income) (8.1) 18.3 (58.5) N.M. N.M.
Income before income taxes 429.2 375.3 336.3 14.4 % 11.6 %
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 188.4 (84.4) 43.2 N.M. N.M.
Effective tax rate 43.9 % (22.5) % 12.8 % 66.4 pts (35.3 pts)
Net income from continuing operations 240.8 459.7 293.1 (47.6) % 56.8 %
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 91.0 107.4 106.7 (15.3) % 0.7 %
Net income $ 331.8 $ 567.1 $ 399.8 (41.5) % 41.8 %
N.M. Not Meaningful
Net sales
The components of the change in consolidated net sales were as follows:
2024 vs 2023 2023 vs 2022
Volume 2.6 % (0.4) %
Price (0.2) 5.5
Organic growth 2.4 % 5.1 %
Acquisition 10.3 11.0
Currency (0.1) 0.2
Total 12.6 % 16.3 %
The 12.6 percent increase in net sales in 2024 from 2023 was primarily the result of:
•sales of $274.4 million in 2024 as a result of the ECM Industries, Trachte and TEXA Industries acquisitions; and
•organic sales growth contribution of approximately 2.5% from our infrastructure business in 2024 from 2023, which includes selective increases in selling prices.
The 16.3 percent increase in net sales in 2023 from 2022 was primarily the result of:
•sales of $252.7 million in 2023 as a result of the ECM Industries and TEXA Industries acquisitions; and
•organic sales growth contribution of approximately 2.5%, 1.5%, and 1.0% from our infrastructure, commercial & residential and industrial businesses, respectively, in 2023 from 2022, which primarily includes selective increases in selling prices.
Gross profit
The 0.1 percentage point decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net sales in 2024 from 2023 was primarily the result of:
•inflationary increases, primarily related to labor costs, compared to 2023.
This decrease was partially offset by:
•higher sales volume resulting in increased leverage on fixed expenses in cost of goods sold; and
•$17.7 million of expense related to inventory step-up recorded in 2023 as a result of the ECM Industries acquisition.
The 4.4 percentage point increase in gross profit as a percentage of net sales in 2023 from 2022 was primarily the result of:
•increases in selling prices to mitigate inflationary cost increases; and
•increased productivity as a result of supply chain management and manufacturing efficiencies.
This increase was partially offset by:
•$17.7 million of expense related to inventory step-up recorded in 2023 as a result of the ECM Industries acquisition; and
•inflationary increases, primarily related to labor costs, compared to 2022.
Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A")
The 0.4 percentage point decrease in SG&A expense as a percentage of net sales in 2024 from 2023 was driven by:
•higher sales volume resulting in increased leverage on fixed expenses; and
•savings generated from restructuring and other lean initiatives.
This decrease was partially offset by:
•intangible amortization expense of $94.7 million in 2024 compared to $69.6 million in 2023 as a result of the ECM Industries, Trachte and TEXA Industries acquisitions;
•inflationary increases impacting our labor costs, professional fees and other administrative costs;
•investments in capacity, new products and digital to drive growth; and
•$8.8 million of impairment expense in 2024 related to equity investments recorded on a cost basis.
The 0.5 percentage point increase in SG&A expense as a percentage of net sales in 2023 from 2022 was driven by:
•inflationary increases impacting our labor costs, professional fees and other administrative costs; and
•investments in capacity, digital, new products, selling and marketing to drive growth.
This increase was partially offset by:
•savings generated from restructuring and other lean initiatives.
Net interest expense
The increase in net interest expense in 2024 from 2023 was the result of:
•increased debt due to the acquisition of Trachte.
The increase in net interest expense in 2023 from 2022 was the result of:
•increased debt due to the acquisition of ECM Industries;
•increased variable interest rates compared to the same periods of the prior year; and
•the amortization of debt issuance costs of $3.6 million during 2023 related to financing commitments for the bridge loan facility established in connection with the acquisition of ECM Industries.
Gain on sale of investment
In 2023, we recorded a $10.3 million gain related to the sale of a $3.8 million equity investment recorded on a cost basis.
Other expense (income)
In 2024, 2023 and 2022, we recognized a pre-tax, non-cash pension and other post-retirement mark-to-market gain of $0.1 million, a loss of $13.4 million and a gain of $61.9 million, respectively.
In 2024, we recorded $12.5 million of income related to the release of a guarantee liability.
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
The 66.4 percentage point increase in the effective tax rate in 2024 from 2023 was primarily the result of:
•$92.8 million of non-cash expense recorded in 2024 related to the establishment of valuation allowances on deferred tax assets related to tax-deductible statutory losses in Luxembourg initially established in 2023;
•the enactment of the Pillar II global minimum tax framework, effective January 1, 2024 in certain jurisdictions in which we operate; and
•increased earnings in higher tax rate jurisdictions.
The 35.3 percentage point decrease in the effective tax rate in 2023 from 2022 was primarily the result of:
•$55.4 million of non-cash benefit recorded in 2023 for the recognition of deferred tax assets for a step up in tax basis of intangible assets in Switzerland, partially offset by valuation allowances of $5.1 million. The assets are amortizable starting in 2024 and the amortization period varies based on the nature of the underlying assets from which the values were derived.
•$93.2 million of non-cash benefit recorded in 2023 for the recognition of deferred tax assets related to tax-deductible statutory losses in Luxembourg.
This decrease was partially offset by:
•increased earnings in higher tax rate jurisdictions.
SEGMENT RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The summary that follows provides a discussion of the results of operations of both of our reportable segments (Enclosures and Electrical & Fastening Solutions). Both of these segments comprise various product offerings that serve multiple end users.
We evaluate performance based on net sales and reportable segment income ("segment income") and use a variety of ratios to measure performance of our reporting segments. Segment income represents operating income, which includes certain corporate overhead allocations, exclusive of intangible amortization, acquisition related expenses, costs of restructuring activities, impairments and other unusual non-operating items.
Enclosures
The net sales, segment income and segment income as a percentage of net sales for Enclosures were as follows:
Years ended December 31 % / point change
In millions 2024 2023 2022 2024 vs 2023 2023 vs 2022
Net sales $ 1,823.3 $ 1,605.9 $ 1,503.7 13.5% 6.8%
Segment income 403.1 346.6 256.0 16.3% 35.4%
% of net sales 22.1% 21.6% 17.0% 0.5 pts 4.6 pts
Net sales
The components of the change in Enclosures net sales from the prior period were as follows:
2024 vs 2023 2023 vs 2022
Volume 5.4 % 0.6 %
Price (0.4) 5.3
Organic growth 5.0 % 5.9 %
Acquisition 8.6 0.8
Currency (0.1) 0.1
Total 13.5 % 6.8 %
The 13.5 percent increase in Enclosures net sales in 2024 from 2023 was primarily the result of:
•organic sales growth contribution of approximately 4.5% from our infrastructure business in 2024 from 2023, which includes selective increases in selling prices and growth in the data solutions business; and
•sales of $138.1 million in 2024 as a result of the Trachte and TEXA Industries acquisitions.
The 6.8 percent increase in Enclosures net sales in 2023 from 2022 was primarily the result of:
•organic sales growth contribution of approximately 3.5% from our infrastructure business in 2023 from 2022, which includes increases in selling prices and growth in the data solutions business; and 1.5% and 1.0% from our industrial and commercial & residential businesses, respectively, in 2023 from 2022, which includes increases in selling prices; and
•sales of $12.0 million in 2023 as a result of the TEXA Industries acquisition.
Segment income
The components of the change in Enclosures segment income as a percentage of net sales from the prior period were as follows:
2024 vs 2023 2023 vs 2022
Growth/acquisition 2.0 pts (0.4 pts)
Price (0.3) 4.2
Currency 0.1 (0.4)
Net productivity (1.3) 1.2
Total 0.5 pts 4.6 pts
The 0.5 percentage point increase in segment income for Enclosures as a percentage of net sales in 2024 from 2023 was primarily the result of:
•higher sales volume resulting in increased leverage on fixed expenses; and
•increased productivity as a result of supply chain management and manufacturing efficiencies.
This increase was partially offset by:
•inflationary increases, primarily related to labor costs and raw materials, compared to 2023; and
•investments in capacity, new products and digital to drive growth.
The 4.6 percentage point increase in segment income for Enclosures as a percentage of net sales in 2023 from 2022 was primarily the result of:
•increases in selling prices to mitigate inflationary cost increases; and
•increased productivity as a result of supply chain management and manufacturing efficiencies.
This increase was partially offset by:
•inflationary increases, primarily related to labor cost, compared to 2022; and
•investments in capacity, digital and new products to drive growth.
Electrical & Fastening Solutions
The net sales, segment income and segment income as a percentage of net sales for Electrical & Fastening Solutions were as follows:
Years ended December 31 % / point change
In millions 2024 2023 2022 2024 vs 2023 2023 vs 2022
Net sales $ 1,182.8 $ 1,063.0 $ 791.4 11.3% 34.3%
Segment income 354.5 330.6 219.9 7.2% 50.3%
% of net sales 30.0% 31.1% 27.8% (1.1 pts) 3.3 pts
Net sales
The components of the change in Electrical & Fastening Solutions net sales from the prior period were as follows:
2024 vs 2023 2023 vs 2022
Volume (1.7) % (2.3) %
Price 0.2 5.9
Organic growth (1.5) % 3.6 %
Acquisition 12.8 30.4
Currency - 0.3
Total 11.3 % 34.3 %
The 11.3 percent increase in Electrical & Fastening Solutions net sales in 2024 from 2023 was primarily the result of:
•sales of $136.3 million in 2024 as a result of the ECM Industries acquisition.
This increase was partially offset by:
•organic sales decline of approximately 1.5% from our commercial & residential business in 2024 from 2023.
The 34.3 percent increase in Electrical & Fastening Solutions net sales in 2023 from 2022 was primarily the result of:
•sales of $240.7 million in 2023 as a result of the ECM Industries acquisition; and
•organic sales growth contribution of approximately 1.5% from both our infrastructure and commercial & residential businesses in 2023 from 2022, which primarily includes selective increases in selling prices.
Segment income
The components of the change in Electrical & Fastening Solutions segment income as a percentage of net sales from the prior period were as follows:
2024 vs 2023 2023 vs 2022
Growth/acquisition (1.7) pts 1.1 pts
Price 0.2 4.0
Net productivity 0.4 (1.8)
Total (1.1) pts 3.3 pts
The 1.1 percentage point decrease in segment income for Electrical & Fastening Solutions as a percentage of net sales in 2024 from 2023 was primarily the result of:
•the impact of unfavorable product mix;
•inflationary increases, primarily related to labor costs and raw materials, compared to 2023; and
•investments in digital to drive growth.
This decrease was partially offset by:
•increased productivity as a result of supply chain management and manufacturing efficiencies.
The 3.3 percentage point increase in segment income for Electrical & Fastening Solutions as a percentage of net sales in 2023 from 2022 was primarily the result of:
•increases in selling prices to mitigate inflationary cost increases;
•increased productivity as a result of supply chain management, manufacturing and other efficiencies; and
•the impact of favorable product mix.
This increase was partially offset by:
•inflationary increases, primarily related to labor costs, compared to 2022;
•lower sales volume resulting in decreased leverage on fixed expenses; and
•investments in digital, selling and marketing to drive growth.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The primary source of liquidity for our business is cash flows provided by operations. We expect to continue to have cash requirements to support working capital needs and capital expenditures, to pay interest and service debt and to pay dividends to shareholders quarterly. We believe we have the ability and sufficient capacity to meet these cash requirements by using available cash, internally generated funds and borrowing under committed credit facilities. We are focused on increasing our cash flow, while continuing to fund our research and development, sales and marketing and capital investment initiatives. Our intent is to maintain investment grade metrics and a solid liquidity position. As of December 31, 2024, we had $131.2 million of cash on hand, of which $53.2 million is held in certain countries in which the ability to repatriate is limited due to local regulations or significant potential tax consequences.
We experience seasonal cash flows primarily due to increased demand for Electrical & Fastening Solutions products during the spring and summer months in the Northern Hemisphere.
Operating activities
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations was $501.0 million in 2024. Net cash provided by operating activities in 2024 primarily reflects net income from continuing operations of $472.0 million, net of non-cash depreciation, amortization, changes in deferred taxes and pension and other-post retirement mark-to-market gain, and a $3.5 million decrease in net working capital.
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations was $422.2 million in 2023. Net cash provided by operating activities in 2023 primarily reflects net income from continuing operations of $420.4 million, net of non-cash depreciation, amortization, changes in deferred taxes and pension and other post-retirement mark-to-market loss, partially offset by a $2.4 million increase in net working capital.
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations was $273.3 million in 2022. Net cash provided by operating activities in 2022 primarily reflects net income of $306.2 million, net of non-cash depreciation, amortization, changes in deferred taxes and pension and other post-retirement mark-to-market gain, partially offset by a $47.3 million increase in net working capital.
Investing activities
Net cash used for investing activities from continuing operations was $750.8 million in 2024, which primarily related to cash paid for the Trachte acquisition of $677.7 million, net of cash acquired, and capital expenditures of $74.0 million.
Net cash used for investing activities from continuing operations was $1,166.7 million in 2023, which primarily related to cash paid for the ECM Industries and TEXA Industries acquisitions of $1,120.1 million, net of cash acquired, and capital expenditures of $65.6 million.
Net cash used for investing activities from continuing operations was $47.1 million in 2022, which primarily related to capital expenditures of $40.5 million.
Financing activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $146.2 million in 2024, which primarily related to proceeds from long-term debt of $500.0 million, partially offset by dividends paid of $126.8 million, repayments of long-term debt of $126.5 million and share repurchases of $100.0 million.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $516.7 million in 2023, which primarily related to proceeds from long-term debt of $800.0 million, partially offset by dividends paid of $116.8 million, repayments of long-term debt of $101.1 million and share repurchases of $60.8 million.
Net cash used for financing activities was $82.1 million in 2022, which primarily related to dividends paid of $117.0 million, net repayments of revolving credit facility of $106.7 million and share repurchases of $65.9 million, partially offset by $200.0 million of proceeds from long-term debt.
Senior notes
In March 2018, nVent Finance S.à r.l. (“nVent Finance” or "Subsidiary Issuer"), a 100-percent owned subsidiary of nVent, issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.550% senior notes due 2028 (the "2028 Notes").
In November 2021, nVent Finance issued $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2.750% fixed rate senior notes due 2031 (the "2031 Notes").
In May 2023, to finance the acquisition of ECM Industries, nVent Finance issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.650% Senior Notes due 2033 (the "2033 Notes" and, collectively with the 2028 Notes and the 2031 Notes, the "Notes").
Interest on the 2028 Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on April 15 and October 15 of each year, and interest on the 2031 Notes and 2033 Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year.
The Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed as to payment by nVent (the "Parent Company Guarantor"). There are no subsidiaries that guarantee the Notes. The Parent Company Guarantor is a holding company that has no independent assets or operations unrelated to its investments in consolidated subsidiaries. The Subsidiary Issuer is a holding company that has no independent assets or operations unrelated to its investments in consolidated subsidiaries and the issuance of the Notes and other external debt. The Parent Company Guarantor’s principal source of cash flow, including cash flow to make payments on the Notes pursuant to the guarantees, is dividends from its subsidiaries. The Subsidiary Issuer’s principal source of cash flow is interest income from its subsidiaries. None of the subsidiaries of the Parent Company Guarantor or the Subsidiary Issuer is under any direct obligation to pay or otherwise fund amounts due on the Notes or the guarantees, whether in the form of dividends, distributions, loans or other payments. In addition, there may be statutory and regulatory limitations on the payment of dividends from certain subsidiaries of the Parent Company Guarantor or the Subsidiary Issuer. If such subsidiaries are unable to transfer funds to the Parent Company Guarantor or the Subsidiary Issuer and sufficient cash or liquidity is not otherwise available, the Parent Company Guarantor or the Subsidiary Issuer may not be able to make principal and interest payments on their outstanding debt, including the Notes or the guarantees.
The Notes constitute general unsecured senior obligations of the Subsidiary Issuer and rank equally in right of payment with all existing and future unsubordinated and unsecured indebtedness and liabilities of the Subsidiary Issuer. The guarantees of the Notes by the Parent Company Guarantor constitute general unsecured obligations of the Parent Company Guarantor and rank equally in right of payment with all existing and future unsubordinated and unsecured indebtedness and liabilities of the Subsidiary Issuer. Subject to certain qualifications and exceptions, the indenture pursuant to which the Notes were issued contains covenants that, among other things, restrict nVent’s, nVent Finance’s and certain subsidiaries’ ability to merge or consolidate with another person, create liens or engage in sale and lease-back transactions.
There are no significant restrictions on the ability of nVent to obtain funds from its subsidiaries by dividend or loan. None of the assets of nVent or its subsidiaries represents restricted net assets pursuant to the guidelines established by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Senior credit facilities
In September 2021, the Company and its subsidiaries nVent Finance and Hoffman Schroff Holdings, Inc. entered into an amended and restated credit agreement (the "Credit Agreement") with a syndicate of banks providing for a five-year $300.0 million senior unsecured term loan facility (the "2021 Term Loan Facility") and a five-year $600.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility" and, together with the 2021 Term Loan Facility, the "Senior Credit Facilities"). Borrowings under the 2021 Term Loan Facility were permitted on a delayed draw basis during the first year of the five-year term of the 2021 Term Loan Facility, and borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility are permitted from time to time during the full five-year term of the Revolving Credit Facility. In September 2022, nVent exercised the delayed draw provision of the 2021 Term Loan Facility, increasing the total borrowings under the 2021 Term Loan Facility by $200.0 million to $300.0 million. nVent Finance has the option to request to increase the Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate amount of up to $300.0 million, subject to customary conditions, including the commitment of the participating lenders.
As of December 31, 2024, the borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility was $600.0 million.
Borrowings under the Senior Credit Facilities bear interest at a rate equal to an adjusted base rate, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), Euro Interbank Offer Rate (“EURIBOR”) or Sterling Overnight Index Average (“SONIA”), plus, in each case, an applicable margin. The applicable margin will be based on, at nVent Finance’s election, the Company's leverage level or public credit rating.
In April 2023, nVent and nVent Finance entered into a loan agreement providing for another senior unsecured term loan facility of $300.0 million for five years (the "2023 Term Loan Facility"), which was used to fund the acquisition of ECM Industries. The 2023 Term Loan Facility bears interest at a rate equal to an adjusted base rate or adjusted term SOFR plus, in each case, an applicable margin. The applicable margin will be based on, at nVent Finance’s election, the Company's leverage level or public credit rating.
In June 2024, nVent and nVent Finance entered into a new loan agreement providing for an additional senior unsecured term loan facility of $500.0 million for two years (the "2024 Term Loan Facility"). In July 2024, we partially financed the acquisition of Trachte using the 2024 Term Loan Facility. The 2024 Term Loan Facility bears interest at a rate equal to an adjusted base rate or adjusted term SOFR plus, in each case, an applicable margin. The applicable margin will be based on, at nVent Finance's election, the Company's leverage level or public credit rating.
Our debt agreements contain certain financial covenants, the most restrictive of which are in the Senior Credit Facilities, the 2023 Term Loan Facility and the 2024 Term Loan Facility, including that we may not permit (i) the ratio of our consolidated debt (net of our consolidated unrestricted cash in excess of $5.0 million but not to exceed $250.0 million) to our consolidated net income (excluding, among other things, non-cash gains and losses) before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and non-cash share-based compensation expense ("EBITDA") on the last day of any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters (each a "testing period") to exceed 3.75 to 1.00 (or, at nVent Finance's election and subject to certain conditions, 4.25 to 1.00 for four testing periods in connection with certain material acquisitions) and (ii) the ratio of our EBITDA to our consolidated interest expense for the same period to be less than 3.00 to 1.00. In addition, subject to certain qualifications and exceptions, the Senior Credit Facilities, the 2023 Term Loan Facility and the 2024 Term Loan Facility also contain covenants that, among other things, restrict our ability to create liens, merge or consolidate with another person, make acquisitions and incur subsidiary debt. As of December 31, 2024, we were in compliance with all financial covenants in our debt agreements, and there is no material uncertainty about our ongoing ability to meet those covenants.
Share repurchases
On May 14, 2021, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of our ordinary shares up to a maximum dollar limit of $300.0 million (the "2021 Authorization"). The 2021 Authorization expired on July 22, 2024.
On May 17, 2024, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of our ordinary shares up to a maximum dollar limit of $500.0 million (the "2024 Authorization"). The 2024 Authorization began on July 23, 2024, following the expiration of the 2021 Authorization, and expires on July 22, 2027.
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we repurchased 1.5 million of our ordinary shares for $100.0 million under the 2024 Authorization and we did not repurchase ordinary shares under the 2021 Authorization.
As of December 31, 2024, we had $400.0 million available for share repurchases under the 2024 Authorization.
Dividends
Dividends paid per ordinary share were $0.76 for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $0.70 for both the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
On December 16, 2024, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.20 that was paid on February 7, 2025 to shareholders of record at the close of business on January 17, 2025. The balance of dividends payable included in Other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets was $33.9 million and $32.6 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
On February 17, 2025, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.20 per ordinary share payable on May 9, 2025 to shareholders of record at the close of business on April 25, 2025.
Under Irish law, the payment of future cash dividends and repurchases of shares may be paid only out of nVent Electric plc's "distributable reserves" on its statutory balance sheet. nVent Electric plc is not permitted to pay dividends out of share capital, which includes share premiums. Distributable reserves may be created through the earnings of the Irish parent company and through a reduction in share capital approved by the Irish High Court. Distributable reserves of nVent Electric plc are not linked to a generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America ("GAAP") reported amount (e.g., retained earnings). Our distributable reserve balance was $2.4 billion and $2.7 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Authorized shares
Our authorized share capital consists of 400.0 million ordinary shares with a par value of $0.01 per share.
Material cash requirements
In general, we require cash to fund working capital investments, acquisitions, capital expenditures, debt and interest payments, taxes, dividends and share repurchases.
Our material contractual cash requirements as of December 31, 2024 include principal and interest on long-term debt as well as payments for lease liabilities. Servicing these obligations includes the following estimated cash outflows from December 31, 2024:
In millions Within 1 year Greater than 1 year Total
Debt obligations $ 37.5 $ 2,128.8 $ 2,166.3
Interest obligations on fixed-rate debt
59.3 318.2 377.5
Lease obligations, net of sublease rentals 33.1 142.7 175.8
Total $ 129.9 $ 2,589.7 $ 2,719.6
We also incur purchase obligations in the ordinary course of business that are enforceable and legally binding. We have contractual purchase obligations of $66.7 million for 2025, which represent commitments for raw materials to be utilized in the normal course of business for which all significant terms have been confirmed. Contractual purchase obligations beyond 2025 are not material.
The total gross liability for uncertain tax positions at December 31, 2024 was estimated to be $11.7 million. We record penalties and interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in Provision (benefit) for income taxes and Net interest expense, respectively in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income, which is consistent with our past practices. As of December 31, 2024, we have liabilities of $2.0 million for the possible payment of penalties and $1.4 million related to the possible payment of interest expense, which are recorded in Other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Other financial measures
In addition to measuring our cash flow generation or usage based upon operating, investing and financing classifications included in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, we also measure our free cash flow. Free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure that we use to assess our cash flow performance. We believe free cash flow is an important measure of liquidity because it provides us and our investors a measurement of cash generated from operations that is available to pay dividends, make acquisitions, repay debt and repurchase shares. In addition, free cash flow is used as a criterion to measure and pay annual incentive compensation. Our measure of free cash flow may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
The following table is a reconciliation of free cash flow:
Years ended December 31
In millions 2024 2023 2022
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities of continuing operations $ 501.0 $ 422.2 $ 273.3
Capital expenditures (74.0) (65.6) (40.5)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment 0.5 0.1 2.0
Free cash flow of continuing operations 427.5 356.7 234.8
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities of discontinued operations 142.1 105.9 121.3
Capital expenditures of discontinued operations (7.8) (5.4) (5.4)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment of discontinued operations 0.2 7.4 -
Total free cash flow $ 562.0 $ 464.6 $ 350.7
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
We have been, and in the future may be, made parties to a number of actions filed or have been, and in the future may be, given notice of potential claims relating to the conduct of our business, including those pertaining to commercial or contractual disputes, product liability, environmental, safety and health, patent infringement and employment matters.
While we believe that a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows from any such future claims or potential claims is unlikely, given the inherent uncertainty of litigation, a remote possibility exists that a future adverse ruling or unfavorable development could result in future charges that could have a material impact. We do and will continue to periodically re-examine our estimates of probable liabilities and any associated expenses and receivables and make appropriate adjustments to such estimates based on experience and developments in litigation. As a result, the current estimates of the potential impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the proceedings and claims described in ITEM 8, Note 18 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements could change in the future.
Stand-by Letters of Credit, Bank Guarantees and Bonds
In the ordinary course of business, we are required to commit to bonds, letters of credit and bank guarantees that require payments to our customers for any non-performance. The outstanding face value of these instruments fluctuates with the value of our projects in process and in our backlog. In addition, we issue financial stand-by letters of credit primarily to secure our performance to third parties under self-insurance programs.
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the outstanding value of bonds, letters of credit and bank guarantees totaled $10.7 million and $10.5 million, respectively.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
We have adopted various accounting policies to prepare the consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in ITEM 8, Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Certain of our accounting policies require the application of significant judgment by management in selecting the appropriate assumptions for calculating financial estimates. By their nature, these judgments are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. These judgments are based on our historical experience, terms of existing contracts, our observance of trends in the industry and information available from other outside sources, as appropriate. We consider an accounting estimate to be critical if:
•it requires us to make assumptions about matters that were uncertain at the time we were making the estimate; and
•changes in the estimate or different estimates that we could have selected would have had a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
Business Combinations
Assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination are recorded at their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. Goodwill is recorded when the purchase price exceeds the estimated fair value of the net identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired. Estimates of intangible asset fair value represent management’s best estimate of assumptions and about future events and uncertainties, including significant judgments related to future cash flows, discount rates, margin and revenue growth assumptions including royalty rates and customer attrition rates, and others. Inputs used are generally obtained from historical data supplemented by current and anticipated market conditions and growth rates. If the actual results differ from the estimates and judgments used in these fair values, the amounts recorded in the consolidated financial statements could result in a possible impairment of the intangible assets and goodwill or require acceleration of the amortization expense of finite-lived intangible assets.
Allocations of the purchase price for acquisitions are based on estimates of the fair value of the net assets acquired and are subject to adjustment upon finalization of the purchase price allocation. During this measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we will adjust assets or liabilities if new information is obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have resulted in the recognition of those assets and liabilities as of that date. All changes that do not qualify as measurement period adjustments are included in current period earnings.
Impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of acquired businesses over the net of the fair value of identifiable tangible net assets and identifiable intangible assets purchased and liabilities assumed.
Goodwill is tested annually for impairment as of the first day of the fourth quarter, and is tested for impairment more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The impairment test is performed by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount, and recognizing an impairment expense for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.
The fair value of each reporting unit is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis and market approach. Projecting discounted future cash flows requires us to make significant estimates regarding future revenues and expenses, projected capital expenditures, changes in working capital and the appropriate discount rate. Use of the market approach consists of comparisons to comparable publicly-traded companies that are similar in size and industry. Actual results may differ from those used in our valuations.
Determining the fair value of the reporting units required the use of significant judgment, including assumptions about future revenues and expenses, capital expenditures and changes in working capital and discount rates, which are based on our annual operating plan and long-term business plan. These plans take into consideration numerous factors including historical experience, anticipated future economic conditions, and growth expectations for the industries and end markets in which the reporting unit participates. The level of judgment and estimation is inherently high. These assumptions are determined over a six year long-term planning period. The six year growth rates for revenues and operating profits vary for each reporting unit being evaluated. Revenues and operating profit beyond 2030 are projected to grow at a perpetual growth rate of 3.0%.
Discount rate assumptions for each reporting unit take into consideration our assessment of risks inherent in the future cash flows of the respective reporting unit and our weighted-average cost of capital. We utilized a 10.0% discount rate for each reporting unit in determining the discounted cash flows in our fair value analysis.
In estimating fair value using the market approach, we identify a group of comparable publicly-traded companies for each reporting unit that are similar in terms of size and product offering. These groups of comparable companies are used to develop multiples based on total market-based invested capital as a multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”). We determine our estimated values by applying these comparable EBITDA multiples to the operating results of our reporting units. The ultimate fair value of each reporting unit is determined considering the results of both valuation methods.
There was no impairment expense recorded in 2024, 2023 or 2022 related to goodwill. A 10% decrease in the fair values determined in the quantitative impairment assessment for each of the reporting units would not have changed our determination that the fair value of each reporting unit was in excess of its carrying value for 2024.
There is a risk that changes in economic and operating conditions affecting the assumptions used in our impairment tests could adversely affect future estimates or fair value and result in additional goodwill or other intangible asset impairment expense in the future.
Identifiable intangible assets
Our primary identifiable intangible assets include: customer relationships, trade names, proprietary technologies and patents. Identifiable intangibles with definite lives are amortized and those identifiable intangibles with indefinite lives are not amortized. Identifiable intangible assets that are subject to amortization are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Identifiable intangible assets not subject to amortization are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events warrant. We complete our annual impairment test during the fourth quarter each year for those identifiable assets not subject to amortization.
The impairment test for trade names consists of a comparison of the fair value of the trade name with its carrying value. Fair value is measured using the relief-from-royalty method. This method assumes the trade name has value to the extent that the owner is relieved of the obligation to pay royalties for the benefits received from them. This method requires us to estimate the future revenue for the related brands, the appropriate royalty rate and the weighted-average cost of capital. We utilized a royalty rate ranging from 1.0% to 5.5% for each trade name in our fair value analysis.
There was no impairment expense recorded in 2024, 2023 or 2022 related to identifiable intangible assets. A 10% decrease in the fair values determined in the quantitative impairment assessment for each of the trade names would not have changed our determination that the fair value of each trade name was in excess of its carrying value for 2024.
Pension and other post-retirement plans
We sponsor defined-benefit pension plans and a post-retirement health plan. The defined benefit plans cover certain non-U.S. employees and retirees and the pension benefits are based principally on an employee's years of service and/or compensation levels near retirement.
The amounts recognized in our consolidated financial statements related to our defined-benefit pension and other post-retirement plans are determined from actuarial valuations. Inherent in these valuations are assumptions, including: expected return on plan assets, discount rates and rate of increase in future compensation levels. These assumptions are updated annually and are disclosed for our Direct Plans in ITEM 8, Note 13 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Differences in actual experience or changes in assumptions may affect our pension and other post-retirement obligations and future expense.
We recognize changes in the fair value of plan assets and net actuarial gains or losses for pension and other post-retirement benefits annually in the fourth quarter each year (“mark-to-market adjustment”) and, if applicable, in any quarter in which an interim remeasurement is triggered. Net actuarial gains and losses occur when the actual experience differs from any of the various assumptions used to value our pension and other post-retirement plans or when assumptions change, as they may each year. The primary factors contributing to actuarial gains and losses each year are (1) changes in the discount rate used to value pension and other post-retirement benefit obligations as of the measurement date and (2) differences between the expected and the actual return on plan assets. This accounting method also results in the potential for volatile and difficult to forecast mark-to-market adjustments. Mark-to-market adjustments resulted in a pre-tax gain of $0.1 million in 2024, a pre-tax loss of $13.4 million in 2023, and a pre-tax gain of $61.9 million in 2022. The remaining components of pension expense, including service and interest costs and estimated return on plan assets, are recorded on a quarterly basis as ongoing pension expense.
Discount rates
The discount rate reflects the current rate at which the pension liabilities could be effectively settled at the end of the year based on our December 31 measurement date. The discount rates on our pension plans ranged from 1.00% to 5.39%, 1.00% to 4.88% and 1.00% to 5.22% in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The discount rates are determined by matching high-quality, fixed-income debt instruments with maturities corresponding to the expected timing of benefit payments as of the annual measurement date for each of the various plans. There are no known or anticipated changes in our discount rate assumptions that will materially impact our pension expense in 2025.
Expected rates of return
The expected rates of return on our pension plan assets ranged from 1.00% to 3.25%, 1.00% to 3.75% and 1.00% to 2.25% in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The expected rate of return is designed to be a long-term assumption that may be subject to considerable year-to-year variance from actual returns. In developing the expected long-term rate of return, we considered our historical returns, with consideration given to forecasted economic conditions, our asset allocations, input from external consultants and broader long-term market indices. Any difference in the expected rate and actual returns will be included with the actuarial gain or loss recorded in the fourth quarter when our plans are remeasured.
Sensitivity to changes in key assumptions
A 0.25 percentage point change in the discount rates used to measure our pension and other post-retirement benefit plans is estimated to have an impact on our total projected benefit obligation of approximately $4.6 million. A 0.25 percentage point change in the assumed rate of return on pension assets or discount rates for our pension and other post-retirement benefit plans is estimated to have no material impact on our ongoing pension expense. These estimates exclude any potential mark-to-market adjustments.
Income taxes
In determining taxable income for financial statement purposes, we must make certain estimates and judgments. These estimates and judgments affect the calculation of certain tax liabilities and the determination of the recoverability of certain of the deferred tax assets, which arise from temporary differences between the tax and financial statement recognition of revenue and expense. In evaluating our ability to recover our deferred tax assets we consider all available positive and negative evidence including our past operating results, the existence of cumulative losses in the most recent years and our forecast of future taxable income. In estimating future taxable income, we develop assumptions including the amount of future pre-tax operating income, the reversal of temporary differences and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. These assumptions require significant judgment about the forecasts of future taxable income and are consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying businesses.
We maintain valuation allowances with respect to our deferred tax assets unless it is more likely than not that all or a portion of such deferred tax assets will be realized. Our income tax expense recorded in the future may be reduced to the extent of decreases in our valuation allowances. The realization of our remaining deferred tax assets is primarily dependent on future taxable income in the appropriate jurisdiction. Any reduction in future taxable income including but not limited to any future restructuring activities may require that we record an additional valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. An increase in the valuation allowance could result in additional income tax expense in such period and could have a significant impact on our future earnings.
Changes in tax laws and rates could also affect recorded deferred tax assets and liabilities in the future. Management records the effect of a tax rate or law change on nVent’s deferred tax assets and liabilities in the period of enactment. Future tax rate or law changes could have a material effect on nVent’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In addition, the calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations in a multitude of jurisdictions across our global operations. We perform reviews of our income tax positions on a quarterly basis and accrue for uncertain tax positions. We recognize potential liabilities and record tax liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues
in the tax jurisdictions in which we operate based on our estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. These tax liabilities are reflected net of related tax loss carryforwards. As events change or resolution occurs, these liabilities are adjusted, such as in the case of audit settlements with taxing authorities. The ultimate resolution may result in a payment that is materially different from our current estimate of the tax liabilities. If our estimate of tax liabilities proves to be less than the ultimate assessment, an additional charge to expense would result. If payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be less than the recorded amounts, the reversal of the liabilities would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period when we determine the liabilities are no longer necessary. We recognize the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not to be sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market risk is the potential economic loss that may result from adverse changes in the fair value of financial instruments. We are exposed to various market risks, including changes in interest rates and foreign currency rates. Periodically, we use derivative financial instruments for the purpose of hedging interest rate and currency exposures. The major accounting policies and utilization of these instruments is described more fully in ITEM 8, Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Foreign currency risk
We conduct business in various locations throughout the world and are subject to market risk due to changes in the value of foreign currencies in relation to our reporting currency, the U.S. dollar. Periodically, we use derivative financial instruments to manage these risks. The functional currencies of our foreign operating locations are generally the local currency in the country of domicile. We manage these operating activities at the local level and revenues, costs, assets and liabilities are generally denominated in local currencies, thereby mitigating the risk associated with changes in foreign exchange. However, our results of operations and assets and liabilities are reported in U.S. dollars and thus will fluctuate with changes in exchange rates between such local currencies and the U.S. dollar.
From time to time, we may enter into foreign currency contracts to hedge certain foreign currency risks. As the majority of our foreign currency contracts have an original maturity date of less than one year, there is no material risk of fluctuations in the value of these contracts. Counterparties to all derivative contracts are major financial institutions. All instruments are entered into for other than trading purposes.
At December 31, 2024 and 2023, we had outstanding foreign currency derivative contracts, including those related to cross currency swaps that qualify as a hedge of future cash flows, with gross notional U.S. dollar equivalent amounts of $259.3 million and $340.5 million, respectively. Changes in the fair value of all derivatives that do not qualify as a hedge of future cash flows are recognized immediately in income. Gains and losses related to a hedge are deferred and recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss and subsequently recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income when the hedged item affects earnings.
At December 31, 2024 and 2023, we had a gross notional U.S. dollar equivalent amount of $135.6 million and $133.3 million designated as a net investment hedge for a portion of our net investment in our Euro denominated subsidiaries. The hedge is intended to reduce, but will not eliminate, the impact on our financial results of changes in the exchange rate between the Euro and the U.S. dollar. The currency risk related to the net investment hedge is measured by estimating the potential impact of a 10% change in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the Euro. The rates used to perform this analysis were based on the market exchange rates in effect on December 31, 2024. A 10% appreciation or a 10% depreciation of the U.S. dollar relative to the Euro would result in a change in Accumulated other comprehensive loss of $13.6 million. However, the change in Accumulated other comprehensive loss would be offset by decreases or increases in the hedged net investments on our balance sheet due to currency translation.
Interest rate risk
Our debt portfolio as of December 31, 2024 was comprised of debt denominated in U.S. dollars. The debt portfolio is comprised of approximately 60% fixed-rate debt and 40% variable-rate debt. Changes in interest rates have different impacts on the fixed and variable-rate portions of our debt portfolio. A change in interest rates on the fixed portion of the debt portfolio impacts the fair value, but has no impact on interest incurred or cash flows. A change in interest rates on the variable portion of the debt portfolio impacts the interest incurred and cash flows but does not impact the net financial instrument position.
Based on the fixed-rate debt included in our debt portfolio, as of December 31, 2024, a 100 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates would result in a $63.1 million decrease or a $67.5 million increase in fair value, respectively.
Based on the variable-rate debt included in our debt portfolio as of December 31, 2024, a 100 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates would result in a $8.7 million increase or decrease in interest incurred.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
MANAGEMENT'S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Management of nVent Electric plc and its subsidiaries (the "Company") is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Company's internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The Company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of the financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024. In making this assessment, management used the criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting described in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management believes that, as of December 31, 2024, the Company's internal control over financial reporting was effective based on those criteria.
In July 2024, the Company acquired Trachte, LLC ("Trachte"). The Company is continuing to integrate Trachte into its internal control over financial reporting, and management's evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting excluded Trachte as of December 31, 2024. Trachte accounted for approximately 2% of total assets, excluding acquired goodwill and identifiable intangible assets which are included within the scope of management's assessment, and approximately 4% of total net sales included within the consolidated financial statements of nVent Electric plc as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.
Our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP, has issued an attestation report on the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024. That attestation report is set forth immediately following this management report.
Beth A. Wozniak Sara E. Zawoyski
Chief Executive Officer Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
nVent Electric plc
London, United Kingdom
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of nVent Electric plc and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO"). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB"), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024, of the Company and our report dated February 18, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
As described in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, management excluded from its assessment the internal control over financial reporting at Trachte, LLC, which was acquired on July 16, 2024, and whose financial statements constitute approximately 2% of total assets, excluding acquired goodwill and identifiable intangible assets which are included within the scope of management's assessment, and approximately 4% of total net sales included within the consolidated financial statements of nVent Electric plc as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024. Accordingly, our audit did not include the internal control over financial reporting at Trachte, LLC.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Minneapolis, Minnesota
February 18, 2025
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
nVent Electric plc
London, United Kingdom
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of nVent Electric plc and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB"), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 18, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Acquisitions - Valuation of Trachte Acquired Customer Relationship Intangible Asset - Refer to Note 5 to the financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
On July 16, 2024, the Company completed the acquisition of Trachte, LLC for consideration paid of $687.5 million. The Company accounted for the acquisition under the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations. Accordingly, the purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values, including a customer relationship intangible asset of $206.6 million. Management estimated the fair value of the customer relationship intangible asset using the multi-period excess earnings method, which is a specific discounted cash flow method. The fair value determination of the customer relationship intangible asset required management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to future cash flows, including earnings before interest and taxes ("EBIT") margin, and revenue growth assumptions, and the selection of the discount and customer attrition rates.
We identified the valuation of the Trachte customer relationship intangible asset as a critical audit matter because of the significant estimates and assumptions management made to estimate the fair value of this asset. This required a high degree of
auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our fair value specialists, when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s forecasts of future cash flows, including margin and revenue growth assumptions, and the selection of the discount and customer attrition rates for the customer relationship intangible asset.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to the forecasts of future cash flows, including the margin and revenue growth rates, and the selection of the discount and customer attrition rates for the acquired customer relationship intangible asset included the following, among others:
•We tested the effectiveness of controls over the valuation of the acquired customer relationship intangible asset, including management’s controls over forecasts of future cash flows, including EBIT margin and revenue growth assumptions, and the selection of the discount and customer attrition rates.
•We assessed the reasonableness of management’s forecasts of future cash flows, including EBIT margin and revenue growth assumptions, by comparing the projections to historical results for Trachte, certain peer companies’ historical results, and industry reports.
•With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of (1) the valuation methodology and (2) the discount and customer attrition rates by:
-Testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount and customer attrition rates.
-Comparing the selected customer attrition rate to the historical customer attrition rate observed by Trachte.
-Testing the mathematical accuracy of the discount and customer attrition rate calculations.
-Developing a range of independent estimates and comparing those to the discount rate and customer attrition rate selected by management.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Minneapolis, Minnesota
February 18, 2025
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2017.
nVent Electric plc
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income
Years ended December 31
In millions, except per share data 2024 2023 2022
Net sales $ 3,006.1 $ 2,668.9 $ 2,295.1
Cost of goods sold 1,797.0 1,593.7 1,472.2
Gross profit 1,209.1 1,075.2 822.9
Selling, general and administrative 615.9 557.3 468.3
Research and development 66.1 55.2 45.6
Operating income 527.1 462.7 309.0
Net interest expense 106.0 79.4 31.2
Gain on sale of investment - (10.3) -
Other expense (income) (8.1) 18.3 (58.5)
Income before income taxes 429.2 375.3 336.3
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 188.4 (84.4) 43.2
Net income from continuing operations
240.8 459.7 293.1
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 91.0 107.4 106.7
Net income $ 331.8 $ 567.1 $ 399.8
Comprehensive income, net of tax
Net income $ 331.8 $ 567.1 $ 399.8
Changes in cumulative translation adjustment (43.6) 10.5 (18.6)
Changes in market value of derivative financial instruments, net of tax 3.2 (14.9) 2.2
Comprehensive income $ 291.4 $ 562.7 $ 383.4
Earnings per ordinary share
Basic
Continuing operations $ 1.45 $ 2.78 $ 1.76
Discontinued operations 0.55 0.64 0.64
Basic earnings per ordinary share $ 2.00 $ 3.42 $ 2.40
Diluted
Continuing operations $ 1.43 $ 2.73 $ 1.74
Discontinued operations 0.54 0.64 0.64
Diluted earnings per ordinary share $ 1.97 $ 3.37 $ 2.38
Weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding
Basic 165.5 165.6 166.3
Diluted 168.2 168.2 168.3
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
nVent Electric plc
Consolidated Balance Sheets
December 31
In millions, except per share data 2024 2023
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents $ 131.2 $ 179.6
Accounts and notes receivable, net of allowances of $14.3 and $11.8, respectively
473.1 470.2
Inventories 360.3 360.2
Other current assets 123.9 72.5
Current assets held for sale 300.8 253.6
Total current assets 1,389.3 1,336.1
Property, plant and equipment, net 347.9 319.9
Other assets
Goodwill 2,221.8 1,858.1
Intangibles, net 1,587.0 1,350.5
Other non-current assets 213.6 302.6
Non-current assets held for sale 975.3 994.5
Total other assets 4,997.7 4,505.7
Total assets $ 6,734.9 $ 6,161.7
Liabilities and Equity
Current liabilities
Current maturities of long-term debt and short-term borrowings $ 37.5 $ 31.9
Accounts payable 280.1 239.8
Employee compensation and benefits 95.0 102.7
Other current liabilities 266.5 244.5
Current liabilities held for sale 122.5 114.7
Total current liabilities 801.6 733.6
Other liabilities
Long-term debt 2,117.5 1,748.8
Pension and other post-retirement compensation and benefits 131.7 140.4
Deferred tax liabilities 242.7 190.3
Other non-current liabilities 157.9 158.8
Non-current liabilities held for sale 45.9 47.7
Total liabilities 3,497.3 3,019.6
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 18)
Equity
Ordinary shares $0.01 par value, 400.0 million authorized, 165.0 million and 165.1 million issued at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively
1.7 1.7
Additional paid-in capital 2,271.7 2,339.1
Retained earnings 1,108.6 905.3
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (144.4) (104.0)
Total equity 3,237.6 3,142.1
Total liabilities and equity $ 6,734.9 $ 6,161.7
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
nVent Electric plc
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Years ended December 31
In millions 2024 2023 2022
Operating activities
Net income $ 331.8 $ 567.1 $ 399.8
Less: Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 91.0 107.4 106.7
Net income from continuing operations 240.8 459.7 293.1
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities of continuing operations
Depreciation 51.3 43.7 36.1
Amortization 94.7 69.5 50.3
Deferred income taxes 85.3 (165.9) (11.4)
Share-based compensation 27.3 21.8 23.3
Impairment of equity investments 8.8 - -
Release of guarantee liability (12.5) - -
Gain on sale of investment - (10.3) -
Amortization of bridge financing debt issuance costs 2.2 3.6 -
Pension and other post-retirement expense (income) 5.4 19.9 (58.0)
Pension and other post-retirement contributions (4.7) (4.8) (4.1)
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of business acquisitions
Accounts and notes receivable 38.6 (22.4) (42.1)
Inventories (0.6) 21.9 (20.9)
Other current assets (20.2) (11.3) 3.0
Accounts payable 1.5 7.5 (5.4)
Employee compensation and benefits (10.8) 3.4 (3.6)
Other current liabilities (5.0) (1.5) 21.7
Other non-current assets and liabilities (1.1) (12.6) (8.7)
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities of continuing operations
501.0 422.2 273.3
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities of discontinued operations
142.1 105.9 121.3
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities
643.1 528.1 394.6
Investing activities
Capital expenditures (74.0) (65.6) (40.5)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment 0.5 0.1 2.0
Proceeds from sale of investment - 14.1 -
Settlement of net investment hedge 0.4 4.8 -
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired (677.7) (1,120.1) (8.6)
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities of continuing operations
(750.8) (1,166.7) (47.1)
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities of discontinued operations
(7.6) 2.0 (5.4)
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities
(758.4) (1,164.7) (52.5)
Financing activities
Net (repayments) receipts of revolving credit facility - - (106.7)
Proceeds from long-term debt 500.0 800.0 200.0
Repayments of long-term debt (126.5) (101.1) (10.0)
Settlement of cash flow hedge - 4.5 10.0
Debt issuance costs (3.9) (11.2) -
Dividends paid (126.8) (116.8) (117.0)
Shares issued to employees, net of shares withheld 3.4 2.1 7.5
Repurchases of ordinary shares (100.0) (60.8) (65.9)
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities
146.2 516.7 (82.1)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (26.1) 7.5 (12.0)
Change in cash and cash equivalents 4.8 (112.4) 248.0
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 179.6 290.0 43.8
Cash and cash equivalents within assets held for sale, beginning of period 5.5 7.5 5.7
Less: Cash and cash equivalents within assets held for sale, end of period 58.7 5.5 7.5
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ 131.2 $ 179.6 $ 290.0
Supplemental cash flow information
Cash paid for interest, net $ 134.8 $ 103.2 $ 49.2
Cash paid for income taxes, net $ 120.2 $ 112.4 $ 87.3
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
nVent Electric plc
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
In millions
Ordinary shares Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive loss Total
Number Amount
Balance - December 31, 2021 166.1 $ 1.7 $ 2,403.1 $ 174.5 $ (83.2) $ 2,496.1
Net income - - - 399.8 - 399.8
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax - - - - (16.4) (16.4)
Dividends declared - - - (117.0) - (117.0)
Share repurchases (1.6) - (63.3) - - (63.3)
Exercise of options, net of shares tendered for payment 0.5 - 12.5 - - 12.5
Issuance of restricted shares, net of cancellations 0.5 - - - - -
Shares surrendered by employees to pay taxes (0.2) - (5.0) - - (5.0)
Share-based compensation - - 25.0 - - 25.0
Balance - December 31, 2022 165.3 $ 1.7 $ 2,372.3 $ 457.3 $ (99.6) $ 2,731.7
Net income - - - 567.1 - 567.1
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax - - - - (4.4) (4.4)
Dividends declared - - - (119.1) - (119.1)
Share repurchases (1.2) - (58.8) - - (58.8)
Exercise of options, net of shares tendered for payment 0.4 - 10.8 - - 10.8
Issuance of restricted shares, net of cancellations 0.7 - - - - -
Shares surrendered by employees to pay taxes (0.1) - (8.7) - - (8.7)
Share-based compensation - - 23.5 - - 23.5
Balance - December 31, 2023 165.1 $ 1.7 $ 2,339.1 $ 905.3 $ (104.0) $ 3,142.1
Net income - - - 331.8 - 331.8
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax - - - - (40.4) (40.4)
Dividends declared - - - (128.5) - (128.5)
Share repurchases (1.5) - (100.0) - - (100.0)
Exercise of options, net of shares tendered for payment 1.0 - 16.7 - - 16.7
Issuance of restricted shares, net of cancellations 0.6 - - - - -
Shares surrendered by employees to pay taxes (0.2) - (13.2) - - (13.2)
Share-based compensation - - 29.1 - - 29.1
Balance - December 31, 2024 165.0 $ 1.7 $ 2,271.7 $ 1,108.6 $ (144.4) $ 3,237.6
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
1.Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Business
nVent Electric plc ("nVent," "we," "us," "our" or the "Company") is a leading global provider of electrical connection and protection solutions. The Company is comprised of two reporting segments: Enclosures and Electrical & Fastening Solutions.
The Company was incorporated in Ireland on May 30, 2017. Although our jurisdiction of organization is Ireland, we manage our affairs so that we are centrally managed and controlled in the United Kingdom (the "U.K.") and have tax residency in the U.K.
Basis of presentation
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in United States ("U.S.") dollars ("USD") and in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Revenues, expenses, cash flows, assets and liabilities can and do vary during each quarter of the year.
On July 31, 2024, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our Thermal Management business to BCP VI Summit Holdings LP (as assignee of BCP Acquisitions LLC), an affiliate of funds managed by Brookfield Asset Management, for a purchase price of $1.7 billion in cash, subject to certain customary purchase price adjustments. As a result of the agreement, the Thermal Management business met the criteria set forth in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 205-20 to be presented as a discontinued operation and the related assets and liabilities have been reclassified as held for sale for all periods presented. The Thermal Management business was previously disclosed as a stand-alone reporting segment. The Thermal Management business' results of operations and the related cash flows have been reclassified to Income from discontinued operations, net of tax in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income and cash flows from discontinued operations in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, respectively, for all periods presented. We completed the sale of the Thermal Management business on January 30, 2025. For additional information regarding this transaction and its effect on our financial reporting, see Note 6 below.
Fiscal year
Our fiscal year ends on December 31. We report our interim quarterly periods on a calendar quarter basis.
Use of estimates
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates include our accounting for valuation of goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets, estimated losses on accounts receivable, estimated realizable value on excess and obsolete inventory, over-time revenue recognition, assets acquired and liabilities assumed in acquisitions, contingent liabilities, income taxes and pension and other post-retirement benefits. Actual results could differ from our estimates.
Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for transferring those goods or providing services. We account for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable.
When determining whether the customer has obtained control of the goods or services, we consider any future performance obligations. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account in Accounting Standards Codification 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Generally, there is no post-shipping obligation on product sold other than warranty obligations in the normal and ordinary course of business, except where our products are utilized in projects where additional services such as installation are performed. The timing of satisfaction of the Company's performance obligations does not significantly vary from the typical timing of payment.
A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account for purposes of revenue recognition. A contract's transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. The majority of our contracts have a single performance obligation as the promise to transfer the individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts and, therefore, not distinct. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, stand-alone selling price is generally readily observable.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Our performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time or over time as work progresses. Revenue from products and services transferred to customers at a point in time accounted for 76%, 79% and 79% of our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Revenue on these contracts is recognized when obligations under the terms of the contract with our customer are satisfied; generally this occurs with the transfer of control upon shipment.
Revenue from products and services transferred to customers over time accounted for 24%, 21% and 21% of our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. For the majority of our revenue recognized over time, we use an input measure to determine progress towards completion. Under this method, sales and gross profit are recognized as work is performed generally based on the relationship between the actual costs incurred and the total estimated costs at completion ("the cost-to-cost method") or based on efforts for measuring progress towards completion in situations in which this approach is more representative of the progress on the contract than the cost-to-cost method. Contract costs include labor, material, overhead and, when appropriate, general and administrative expenses. Changes to the original estimates may be required during the life of the contract and such estimates are reviewed on a regular basis. Sales and gross profit are adjusted using the cumulative catch-up method for revisions in estimated total contract costs. These reviews have not resulted in adjustments that were significant to our results of operations. For performance obligations related to long-term contracts, when estimates of total costs to be incurred on a performance obligation exceed total estimates of revenue to be earned, a provision for the entire loss on the performance obligation is recognized in the period the loss is determined.
We use an output method to measure progress towards completion for certain of our Enclosures businesses, as this method appropriately depicts performance towards satisfaction of the performance obligation. Under the output method, revenue is recognized based on number of units produced.
We apply a practical expedient to expense incremental costs of obtaining a contract when incurred because the amortization period would be less than one year. These costs primarily relate to sales commissions and are recorded in Selling, general and administrative in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. Further, we do not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if we expect, at contract inception, that the period between when we transfer a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be less than one year.
Sales returns
The right of return may exist explicitly or implicitly with our customers. Our return policy allows for customer returns only upon our authorization. Goods returned must be product we continue to market and must be in salable condition. When the right of return exists, we adjust the transaction price for the estimated effect of returns. We estimate the expected returns based on historical sales levels, the timing and magnitude of historical sales return levels as a percent of sales, type of product, type of customer and a projection of this experience into the future.
Pricing and sales incentives
Our sales contracts may give customers the option to purchase additional goods or services priced at a discount. This can come in many forms, such as customer programs and incentive offerings including pricing arrangements, promotions and other volume-based incentives.
We reduce the transaction price for certain customer programs and incentive offerings including pricing arrangements, promotions and other volume-based incentives that represent variable consideration. Sales incentives given to our customers are recorded using either the expected value method or most likely amount approach for estimating the amount of consideration to which nVent shall be entitled. The expected value is the sum of probability-weighted amounts in a range of possible consideration amounts. An expected value is an appropriate estimate of the amount of variable consideration when there are a large number of contracts with similar characteristics. The most likely amount is the single most likely amount in a range of possible consideration amounts (that is, the single most likely outcome of the contract). The most likely amount is an appropriate estimate of the amount of variable consideration if the contract has limited possible outcomes.
Pricing is established at or prior to the time of sale with our customers and we record sales at the agreed-upon net selling price. However, certain of our businesses allow customers to apply for a refund of a percentage of the original purchase price if they can demonstrate sales to a qualifying end customer. We use the expected value method to estimate the anticipated refund to be paid based on historical experience and the transaction price is reduced for the probable cost of the discount.
Volume-based incentives involve rebates that are negotiated at or prior to the time of sale with the customer and are redeemable only if the customer achieves a specified cumulative level of sales or sales increase. Under these incentive programs, at the time of sale, we estimate the anticipated rebate to be paid based on forecasted sales levels. These forecasts are updated at least quarterly for each customer and the transaction price is reduced for the anticipated cost of the rebate. If the forecasted sales for a customer changes, the accrual for rebates is adjusted to reflect the new amount of rebates expected to be earned by the customer.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Shipping and handling costs
Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling activities after the customer obtains control are treated as a separate performance obligation and recorded in Net sales in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. Shipping and handling costs incurred by nVent for the delivery of goods to customers are considered a cost to fulfill the contract and are included in Cost of goods sold in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income.
Contract assets and liabilities
Contract assets consist of unbilled amounts resulting from sales under long-term contracts when the cost-to-cost method of revenue recognition is utilized and revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer, such as when the customer retains a small portion of the contract price until completion of the contract. We typically receive interim payments on sales under long-term contracts as work progresses, although for some contracts, we may be entitled to receive an advance payment. Contract liabilities consist of advanced payments and billings in excess of revenue recognized.
Contract assets are recorded within Other current assets and contract liabilities are recorded within Other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Research and development
We conduct research and development activities primarily in our own facilities, which consist primarily of the development of new products, product applications and manufacturing processes.
Cash equivalents
We consider highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of acquisition to be cash equivalents.
Trade receivables and concentration of credit risk
We record an allowance for doubtful accounts to reduce our receivables balance by the amount that is estimated to be uncollectible from our customers, or the expected loss. Estimates used in determining the allowance for doubtful accounts are based on historical collection experience, including write-offs and recoveries, periodic credit evaluations of our customers' financial situation and current circumstances, as well as reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions. We generally do not require collateral. No customer receivable balances exceeded 10% of total net receivable balances as of December 31, 2024 or 2023.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value with substantially all inventories recorded using the first-in, first-out cost method.
Property, plant and equipment, net
Property, plant and equipment is stated at historical cost. We compute depreciation by the straight-line method based on the following estimated useful lives:
Years
Land improvements 5 to 20
Buildings and leasehold improvements 5 to 50
Machinery and equipment 3 to 15
Significant improvements that add to productive capacity or extend the lives of properties are capitalized. Costs for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. When property is retired or otherwise disposed of, the recorded cost of the assets and their related accumulated depreciation are removed from the Consolidated Balance Sheets and any related gains or losses are included in income.
We review the recoverability of long-lived assets to be held and used, such as property, plant and equipment, when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate the carrying value of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on our ability to recover the carrying value of the asset or asset group from the expected future pre-tax cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the related operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset or asset group, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value. Impairment losses on long-lived assets held for sale are determined considering the selling price, and fair values are reduced for the cost to dispose of the assets. The measurement of impairment requires us to estimate future cash flows and the fair value of long-lived assets. We recorded no material impairment expense in 2024, 2023 or 2022 related to long-lived assets.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following table presents geographic Property, plant and equipment, net by region as of December 31:
In millions 2024 2023
U.S. $ 214.1 $ 173.2
Mexico 42.9 50.6
EMEA (1)
72.3 77.1
Rest of World (2)
18.6 19.0
Consolidated $ 347.9 $ 319.9
(1) EMEA includes Europe, Middle East, India and Africa
(2) Rest of World includes Canada, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and South America
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of acquired businesses over the net of the fair value of identifiable tangible net assets and identifiable intangible assets purchased and liabilities assumed.
Goodwill is tested annually for impairment as of the first day of the fourth quarter, and is tested for impairment more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The impairment test is performed by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount, and recognizing an impairment expense for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.
The fair value of each reporting unit is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis and market approach. Determining the fair value of the reporting units required the use of significant judgment, including assumptions about future revenues and expenses, capital expenditures and changes in working capital and discount rates, which are based on our annual operating plan and long-term business plan. These plans take into consideration numerous factors including historical experience, anticipated future economic conditions, and growth expectations for the industries and end markets in which the reporting unit participates. The level of judgment and estimation is inherently high. Inputs used to estimate these fair values included significant unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use and, therefore, the fair value assessments are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy defined by the accounting guidance.
In estimating fair value using the market approach, we identify a group of comparable publicly-traded companies for each reporting unit that are similar in terms of size and product offering. These groups of comparable companies are used to develop multiples based on total market-based invested capital as a multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”). We determine our estimated values by applying these comparable EBITDA multiples to the operating results of our reporting units. The ultimate fair value of each reporting unit is determined considering the results of both valuation methods.
There was no impairment expense recorded in 2024, 2023 or 2022 related to goodwill.
Identifiable intangible assets
Our primary identifiable intangible assets include customer relationships, trade names, proprietary technologies and patents. Identifiable intangibles with definite lives are amortized and those identifiable intangibles with indefinite lives are not amortized. Identifiable intangible assets that are subject to amortization are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Identifiable intangible assets not subject to amortization are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events warrant. We complete our annual impairment test during the fourth quarter each year for those identifiable assets not subject to amortization.
The impairment test for trade names consists of a comparison of the fair value of the trade name with its carrying value. Fair value is measured using the relief-from-royalty method. This method assumes the trade name has value to the extent that the owner is relieved of the obligation to pay royalties for the benefits received from them. This method requires us to estimate the future revenue for the related brands, the appropriate royalty rate and the weighted-average cost of capital. The non-recurring fair value measurement is a Level 3 measurement under the fair value hierarchy described below.
There was no impairment expense recorded in 2024, 2023 or 2022 related to identifiable intangible assets.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Income taxes
We use the asset and liability approach to account for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period when the change is enacted. We maintain valuation allowances unless it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will be realized. Changes in valuation allowances from period to period are included in our tax provision in the period of change. We recognize the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not to be sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs.
Pension and other post-retirement plans
We sponsor defined-benefit pension plans and a post-retirement health plan. The pension and other post-retirement benefit costs for these plans are determined from actuarial assumptions and methodologies, including discount rates and expected returns on plan assets. These assumptions are updated annually and are disclosed in Note 13.
We recognize changes in the fair value of plan assets and net actuarial gains or losses for pension and other post-retirement benefits annually in the fourth quarter each year (“mark-to-market adjustment”) and, if applicable, in any quarter in which an interim remeasurement is triggered. Net actuarial gains and losses occur when the actual experience differs from any of the various assumptions used to value our pension and other post-retirement plans or when assumptions change, as they may each year. The remaining components of pension expense, including service and interest costs and estimated return on plan assets, are recorded on a quarterly basis.
Earnings per ordinary share
Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding including the dilutive effects of ordinary share equivalents, calculated using the treasury stock method.
Derivative financial instruments
We recognize all derivatives, including those embedded in other contracts, as either assets or liabilities at fair value in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. If the derivative is designated and is effective as a cash flow or fair value hedge, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss as a separate component of equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income when the hedged item affects earnings. If the underlying hedged transaction ceases to exist or if the hedge becomes ineffective, all changes in fair value of the related derivatives that have not been settled are recognized in current earnings. Cash flows of the derivative financial instruments are classified consistent with the underlying hedged item. For a derivative that is not designated as or does not qualify as a hedge, changes in fair value are reported in earnings immediately.
Gains and losses on net investment hedges are included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss as a separate component of equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
We use derivative instruments for the purpose of hedging interest rate and currency exposures, which exist as part of ongoing business operations. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. All other contracts that contain provisions meeting the definition of a derivative also meet the requirements for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception. Our policy is not to enter into contracts with terms that cannot be designated as normal purchases or sales. From time to time, we may enter into short duration foreign currency contracts to hedge foreign currency risks.
Fair value measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified using the following hierarchy, which is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation as of the measurement date:
Level 1: Valuation is based on observable inputs such as quoted market prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2: Valuation is based on inputs such as quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or other inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
Level 3: Valuation is based upon other unobservable inputs that are significant to the fair value measurement.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
In making fair value measurements, observable market data must be used when available. When inputs used to measure fair value fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the level within which the fair value measurement is categorized is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Foreign currency translation
The financial statements of subsidiaries located outside of the U.S. are generally measured using the local currency as the functional currency, except for certain corporate entities outside of the U.S. which are measured using USD. Assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated at the rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Income and expense items are translated at average monthly rates of exchange. The resultant translation adjustments are included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss as a separate component of equity.
New accounting standards
In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update 2024-03, "Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses", which is intended to improve disclosures about a public business entity's expenses. It requires public entities to disaggregate specific types of expenses, including disclosures for purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization, as well as selling expenses. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this new guidance on the related disclosures within our consolidated financial statements.
2.Revenue
Disaggregation of revenue
We disaggregate our revenue from contracts with customers by geographic location and vertical, as we believe these best depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.
Geographic net sales information, based on geographic destination of the sale, was as follows:
Year ended December 31, 2024
In millions Enclosures Electrical & Fastening Solutions Total
North America (1)
$ 1,325.5 $ 988.7 $ 2,314.2
EMEA (2)
387.2 146.7 533.9
Asia-Pacific 108.2 38.5 146.7
Rest of World (3)
2.4 8.9 11.3
Total $ 1,823.3 $ 1,182.8 $ 3,006.1
Year ended December 31, 2023
In millions Enclosures Electrical & Fastening Solutions Total
North America (1)
$ 1,135.1 $ 868.6 $ 2,003.7
EMEA (2)
369.7 151.6 521.3
Asia-Pacific 98.3 34.4 132.7
Rest of World (3)
2.8 8.4 11.2
Total $ 1,605.9 $ 1,063.0 $ 2,668.9
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Year ended December 31, 2022
In millions Enclosures Electrical & Fastening Solutions Total
North America (1)
$ 1,057.6 $ 605.0 $ 1,662.6
EMEA (2)
341.7 144.1 485.8
Asia-Pacific 101.2 33.9 135.1
Rest of World (3)
3.2 8.4 11.6
Total $ 1,503.7 $ 791.4 $ 2,295.1
(1) North America includes U.S., Canada and Mexico.
(2) EMEA includes Europe, Middle East, India and Africa.
(3) Rest of World includes Latin America and South America.
Vertical net sales information was as follows:
Year ended December 31, 2024
In millions Enclosures Electrical & Fastening Solutions Total
Industrial $ 911.3 $ 153.3 $ 1,064.6
Commercial & Residential 242.7 636.2 878.9
Infrastructure 640.0 340.9 980.9
Energy 29.3 52.4 81.7
Total $ 1,823.3 $ 1,182.8 $ 3,006.1
Year ended December 31, 2023
In millions Enclosures Electrical & Fastening Solutions Total
Industrial $ 868.9 $ 123.4 $ 992.3
Commercial & Residential 242.4 567.6 810.0
Infrastructure 468.9 327.9 796.8
Energy 25.7 44.1 69.8
Total $ 1,605.9 $ 1,063.0 $ 2,668.9
Year ended December 31, 2022
In millions Enclosures Electrical & Fastening Solutions Total
Industrial $ 832.0 $ 79.0 $ 911.0
Commercial & Residential 223.3 398.9 622.2
Infrastructure 420.6 280.8 701.4
Energy 27.8 32.7 60.5
Total $ 1,503.7 $ 791.4 $ 2,295.1
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Contract balances
Contract assets and liabilities consisted of the following:
In millions December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 $ Change % Change
Contract assets $ 54.9 $ 13.6 $ 41.3 303.7 %
Contract liabilities 22.5 8.0 14.5 181.3 %
Net contract assets $ 32.4 $ 5.6 $ 26.8 478.6 %
In millions December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022
$ Change % Change
Contract assets $ 13.6 $ 13.3 $ 0.3 2.3 %
Contract liabilities 8.0 3.0 5.0 166.7 %
Net contract assets $ 5.6 $ 10.3 $ (4.7) (45.6) %
The $26.8 million increase in net contract assets in 2024 was primarily the result of the acquisition of Trachte, LLC and the timing of milestone invoicing. The $4.7 million decrease in net contract assets in 2023 was primarily the result of timing of payments. The majority of our contract liabilities at December 31, 2023 and 2022 were recognized in revenue as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There were no material impairment losses recognized on our contract assets for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Remaining performance obligations
We have elected the practical expedient to disclose only the value of remaining performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or more. On December 31, 2024, we had $139.8 million of remaining performance obligations on contracts with original expected duration of one year or more. We expect to recognize the majority of our remaining performance obligations on these contracts within the next eighteen months.
3.Restructuring
During 2024, 2023 and 2022, we initiated and continued execution of certain business restructuring initiatives aimed at reducing our fixed cost structure and realigning our business. Restructuring initiatives during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 included a reduction in hourly and salaried headcount of approximately 125, 65 and 65 employees, respectively.
Restructuring related costs included in Selling, general and administrative in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income included costs for severance and other restructuring costs as follows:
Years ended December 31
In millions 2024 2023 2022
Severance and related costs $ 4.9 $ 3.3 $ 4.8
Other 2.1 0.6 1.0
Total restructuring costs $ 7.0 $ 3.9 $ 5.8
Other restructuring costs primarily consist of asset impairment and various contract termination costs.
Restructuring costs by reportable segment were as follows:
Years ended December 31
In millions 2024 2023 2022
Enclosures $ 1.2 $ 1.4 $ 3.5
Electrical & Fastening Solutions 4.8 1.6 -
Enterprise and Other 1.0 0.9 2.3
Consolidated $ 7.0 $ 3.9 $ 5.8
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Activity related to accrued severance and related costs recorded in Other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets is summarized as follows:
Years ended December 31
In millions 2024 2023
Beginning balance $ 1.2 $ 2.1
Costs incurred 4.9 3.3
Cash payments and other (4.3) (4.2)
Ending balance $ 1.8 $ 1.2
4.Earnings Per Share
Basic and diluted earnings per share were calculated as follows:
Years ended December 31
In millions, except per share data 2024 2023 2022
Net income from continuing operations $ 240.8 $ 459.7 $ 293.1
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 91.0 107.4 106.7
Net income $ 331.8 $ 567.1 $ 399.8
Weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding
Basic 165.5 165.6 166.3
Dilutive impact of stock options, restricted stock units and performance share units 2.7 2.6 2.0
Diluted 168.2 168.2 168.3
Earnings per ordinary share
Basic
Continuing operations $ 1.45 $ 2.78 $ 1.76
Discontinued operations 0.55 0.64 0.64
Basic earnings per ordinary share $ 2.00 $ 3.42 $ 2.40
Diluted
Continuing operations $ 1.43 $ 2.73 $ 1.74
Discontinued operations 0.54 0.64 0.64
Diluted earnings per ordinary share $ 1.97 $ 3.37 $ 2.38
Anti-dilutive stock options excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share 0.3 0.3 0.6
5.Acquisitions
Trachte Acquisition
On July 16, 2024, as part of our Enclosures reporting segment, we completed the acquisition of Trachte, LLC ("Trachte") for approximately $687.5 million in cash. Trachte is a leading manufacturer of engineered control building solutions designed to protect critical infrastructure assets. The purchase price was funded primarily through borrowings under the 2024 Term Loan Facility and the Revolving Credit Facility (as described in Note 10 below).
The purchase price has been preliminarily allocated based on the estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of the Trachte acquisition. The preliminary purchase price allocation is subject to further refinement and may require significant adjustments to arrive at the final purchase price allocation. These changes will primarily relate to trade names and the impacts associated with income taxes. There can be no assurance that such finalization will not result in material changes from the preliminary purchase price allocation.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following table summarizes the preliminary fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Trachte acquisition as previously reported as of September 30, 2024 and revised as of December 31, 2024:
In millions As Previously Reported As Revised
Cash $ 13.6 $ 13.6
Accounts receivable 45.4 45.4
Inventories 10.0 10.0
Other current assets 40.6 40.6
Property, plant and equipment 11.1 11.1
Identifiable intangible assets 333.7 334.4
Goodwill 368.6 366.3
Other assets 25.3 25.3
Current liabilities (58.0) (58.9)
Other liabilities (99.0) (100.3)
Purchase price $ 691.3 $ 687.5
The excess purchase price over tangible net assets and identified intangible assets acquired has been allocated to goodwill in the amount of $366.3 million, substantially none of which is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. Goodwill recognized from the Trachte acquisition reflects the future economic benefit resulting from synergies of our combined operations.
Preliminary identifiable intangible assets acquired include $58.3 million of indefinite-lived trade names, $206.6 million of definite-lived customer relationships with an estimated useful life of 17 years, $23.8 million of definite-lived proprietary technology with an estimated useful life of 8 years and $45.7 million of customer backlog with an estimated useful life of 2 years. The fair values of trade names and proprietary technology acquired in the acquisition were determined using a relief-from-royalty method, and the fair values of customer relationships and customer backlog acquired were determined using a multi-period excess earnings method. These methods utilize unobservable inputs that are significant to these fair value measurements and thus classified as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
Trachte net sales and operating income for the period from the acquisition date to December 31, 2024 were $124.2 million and $10.6 million, respectively. Trachte operating income for the period from the acquisition date to December 31, 2024 includes $17.4 million of identifiable intangible asset amortization expense.
ECM Industries Acquisition
On May 18, 2023, as part of our Electrical & Fastening Solutions reporting segment, we completed the acquisition of ECM Investors, LLC, the parent of ECM Industries, LLC ("ECM Industries"), for approximately $1.1 billion in cash. ECM Industries is a leading provider of high-value electrical connectors, tools and test instruments and cable management. The purchase price was funded primarily through borrowings under the 2033 Notes and 2023 Term Loan Facility (as described in Note 10 below).
The purchase price has been allocated based on the estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of the ECM Industries acquisition.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following table summarizes the final fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the ECM Industries acquisition:
In millions
Cash $ 45.7
Accounts receivable 77.0
Inventories 99.1
Other current assets 4.9
Property, plant and equipment 75.0
Identifiable intangible assets 524.0
Goodwill 379.7
Other assets 17.4
Current liabilities (53.9)
Other liabilities (34.8)
Purchase price $ 1,134.1
The excess purchase price over tangible net assets and identified intangible assets acquired has been allocated to goodwill in the amount of $379.7 million, substantially all of which is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. Goodwill recognized from the ECM Industries acquisition reflects the future economic benefit resulting from synergies of our combined operations.
Identifiable intangible assets acquired included $113.7 million of trade name intangible assets, a majority of which are indefinite-lived, $381.7 million of definite-lived customer relationships with an estimated useful life of 20 years, and $22.0 million of definite-lived proprietary technology intangible assets with an estimated useful life of 7 years. The fair values of trade names and proprietary technology acquired in the acquisition were determined using a relief-from-royalty method, and customer relationships acquired were determined using a multi-period excess earnings method. These methods utilize unobservable inputs that are significant to these fair value measurements and thus classified as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
The following table presents unaudited pro forma financial information as if the acquisitions of Trachte and ECM Industries had occurred on January 1, 2023 and January 1, 2022, respectively:
Years ended December 31
In millions, except per share data 2024 2023
Net sales $ 3,133.5 $ 3,014.0
Net income from continuing operations 226.6 445.4
Net income 314.0 552.8
Earnings per ordinary share
Basic
Continuing operations $ 1.37 $ 2.69
Basic earnings per ordinary share $ 1.90 $ 3.33
Diluted
Continuing operations $ 1.35 $ 2.65
Diluted earnings per ordinary share $ 1.87 $ 3.29
The unaudited pro forma results include adjustments for the amortization of acquired intangible assets, depreciation for the fair value adjustment to acquisition-date fixed assets and interest expense on debt issued to finance the acquisition, as well as the related income tax impact.
The unaudited pro forma results for the year ended December 31, 2024 excludes the impact of $6.8 million of transaction-related charges, and acquisition-related bridge financing costs. The results for the year ended December 31, 2023 excludes the impact of $25.6 million of transaction-related charges, acquisition-related bridge financing costs and non-recurring expense related to the fair value inventory step-up.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The pro forma condensed consolidated financial information has been prepared for comparative purposes only and includes certain adjustments, as noted above. The adjustments are estimates based on currently available information and actual amounts may differ materially from these estimates. They do not reflect the effect of costs or synergies that would have been expected to result from the integration of the Trachte and ECM Industries acquisitions. The pro forma information does not purport to be indicative of the results of operations that actually would have resulted had the Trachte and ECM Industries acquisitions occurred on January 1, 2023 and January 1, 2022, respectively.
Other acquisitions
On July 10, 2023, we acquired TEXA Industries for approximately $34.8 million in cash. TEXA Industries is an Italian manufacturer of industrial cooling applications that we will market as part of the nVent HOFFMAN product line within our Enclosures segment. We acquired $5.2 million of debt with the TEXA Industries acquisition, which we repaid in full in 2023.
The excess purchase price over tangible net assets and identified intangible assets acquired has been allocated to goodwill in the amount of $10.9 million, none of which is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. Identifiable intangible assets acquired included $12.4 million of definite-lived customer relationships with an estimated useful life of 13 years.
The pro forma impact of the TEXA Industries acquisition is not material individually or in the aggregate.
6.Discontinued Operations
On July 31, 2024, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our Thermal Management business to BCP VI Summit Holdings LP (as assignee of BCP Acquisitions LLC), an affiliate of funds managed by Brookfield Asset Management, for a purchase price of $1.7 billion in cash, subject to certain customary purchase price adjustments. The results of the Thermal Management business are reported as a discontinued operation in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for all periods presented. The assets and liabilities of this business have been reclassified as held for sale in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for all periods presented. The Thermal Management business was previously disclosed as a stand-alone reporting segment.
On January 30, 2025, we completed the sale of the Thermal Management business, which resulted in cash proceeds of $1.65 billion, subject to certain customary purchase price adjustments.
The operating results of discontinued operations, net of income taxes, are summarized below:
Years ended December 31
In millions 2024 2023 2022
Net sales $ 622.7 $ 594.7 $ 613.9
Cost of goods sold 330.8 327.8 340.1
Gross profit 291.9 266.9 273.8
Selling, general and administrative 146.1 125.9 127.6
Research and development 18.3 16.3 14.8
Operating income 127.5 124.7 131.4
Other expense (income) (0.6) 0.5 (4.9)
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes 128.1 124.2 136.3
Provision for income taxes 37.1 16.8 29.6
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax $ 91.0 $ 107.4 $ 106.7
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2024 includes transaction costs of $31.7 million which were recorded within Selling, general and administrative expenses.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The major classes of assets and liabilities classified as held for sale were as follows:
December 31
In millions 2024 2023
Cash and cash equivalents $ 58.7 $ 5.5
Accounts receivable, net of allowances 115.0 119.3
Inventories 80.8 81.1
Other current assets 46.3 47.7
Current assets held for sale 300.8 253.6
Property, plant and equipment, net 71.4 70.1
Goodwill 709.1 713.0
Intangibles, net 153.4 166.5
Other non-current assets 41.4 44.9
Non-current assets held for sale 975.3 994.5
Total assets held for sale $ 1,276.1 $ 1,248.1
Accounts payable $ 40.9 $ 35.9
Employee compensation and benefits 20.6 19.5
Other current liabilities 61.0 59.3
Current liabilities held for sale 122.5 114.7
Pension and other post-retirement compensation and benefits 12.1 12.6
Deferred tax liabilities 12.0 14.1
Other non-current liabilities 21.8 21.0
Non-current liabilities held for sale 45.9 47.7
Total liabilities held for sale $ 168.4 $ 162.4
7.Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting unit were as follows:
In millions December 31, 2023 Acquisitions/
divestitures Foreign currency
translation/other December 31, 2024
Enclosures $ 430.4 $ 365.9 $ (6.2) $ 790.1
Electrical & Fastening Solutions 1,427.7 4.0 - 1,431.7
Total goodwill $ 1,858.1 $ 369.9 $ (6.2) $ 2,221.8
In millions December 31, 2022 Acquisitions/
divestitures Foreign currency
translation/other December 31, 2023
Enclosures $ 414.4 $ 11.3 $ 4.7 $ 430.4
Electrical & Fastening Solutions 1,052.0 375.7 - 1,427.7
Total goodwill $ 1,466.4 $ 387.0 $ 4.7 $ 1,858.1
There was no impairment expense recorded in 2024, 2023 or 2022 related to goodwill.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Identifiable intangible assets consisted of the following at December 31:
2024 2023
In millions Cost Accumulated
amortization Net Cost Accumulated
amortization Net
Definite-life intangibles
Customer relationships $ 1,571.7 $ (458.7) $ 1,113.0 $ 1,368.9 $ (386.7) $ 982.2
Proprietary technologies and patents
78.2 (19.5) 58.7 54.8 (11.9) 42.9
Other definite-life intangible assets 63.7 (18.9) 44.8 18.0 (4.8) 13.2
Total definite-life intangibles 1,713.6 (497.1) 1,216.5 1,441.7 (403.4) 1,038.3
Indefinite-life intangibles
Trade names 370.5 - 370.5 312.2 - 312.2
Total intangibles $ 2,084.1 $ (497.1) $ 1,587.0 $ 1,753.9 $ (403.4) $ 1,350.5
Identifiable intangible asset amortization expense in 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $94.7 million, $69.5 million and $50.3 million, respectively. There was no impairment expense recorded in 2024, 2023 or 2022 related to identifiable intangible assets.
Estimated future amortization expense for identifiable intangible assets during the next five years is as follows:
In millions 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029
Estimated amortization expense $ 112.6 $ 102.1 $ 89.7 $ 89.6 $ 89.6
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
8.Supplemental Balance Sheet Information
December 31
In millions 2024 2023
Inventories
Raw materials and supplies $ 146.4 $ 139.7
Work-in-process 15.8 23.5
Finished goods 198.1 197.0
Total inventories $ 360.3 $ 360.2
Other current assets
Contract assets $ 54.9 $ 13.6
Prepaid expenses 36.1 33.2
Prepaid income taxes 18.1 9.8
Other current assets 14.8 15.9
Total other current assets $ 123.9 $ 72.5
Property, plant and equipment, net
Land and land improvements $ 21.5 $ 21.8
Buildings and leasehold improvements 177.1 175.0
Machinery and equipment 565.6 531.3
Construction in progress 47.2 32.4
Total property, plant and equipment 811.4 760.5
Accumulated depreciation and amortization 463.5 440.6
Total property, plant and equipment, net $ 347.9 $ 319.9
Other non-current assets
Deferred compensation plan assets $ 15.4 $ 12.4
Operating lease right-of-use assets 107.2 99.6
Deferred tax assets 57.0 166.1
Other non-current assets 34.0 24.5
Total other non-current assets $ 213.6 $ 302.6
Other current liabilities
Dividends payable $ 33.9 $ 32.6
Accrued rebates 69.4 83.5
Contract liabilities 22.5 8.0
Accrued taxes payable 50.7 41.7
Current operating lease liabilities 22.4 19.5
Accrued interest 11.6 11.2
Other current liabilities 56.0 48.0
Total other current liabilities $ 266.5 $ 244.5
Other non-current liabilities
Income taxes payable $ 11.7 $ 28.2
Deferred compensation plan liabilities 15.4 12.4
Non-current operating lease liabilities 90.7 84.9
Other non-current liabilities 40.1 33.3
Total other non-current liabilities $ 157.9 $ 158.8
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
9.Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Components of Accumulated other comprehensive loss consist of the following at December 31:
In millions 2024 2023
Cumulative translation adjustments $ (151.6) $ (108.0)
Change in market value of derivative financial instruments, net of tax 7.2 4.0
Accumulated other comprehensive loss $ (144.4) $ (104.0)
10.Debt
Debt and the average interest rates on debt outstanding were as follows:
In millions Average
interest rate at Maturity
year December 31
December 31, 2024 2024 2023
Revolving credit facility N/A 2026 $ - $ -
2021 Term loan facility 5.725% 2026 88.8 200.0
2023 Term loan facility 5.725% 2028 277.5 292.5
2024 Term loan facility 5.725% 2026 500.0 -
Senior notes - fixed rate 4.550% 2028 500.0 500.0
Senior notes - fixed rate 2.750% 2031 300.0 300.0
Senior notes - fixed rate 5.650% 2033 500.0 500.0
Unamortized issuance costs and discounts N/A N/A (11.3) (11.8)
Total debt 2,155.0 1,780.7
Less: Current maturities and short-term borrowings (37.5) (31.9)
Long-term debt $ 2,117.5 $ 1,748.8
Senior notes
In March 2018, nVent Finance S.à r.l. (“nVent Finance” or "Subsidiary Issuer"), a 100-percent owned subsidiary of nVent, issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.550% senior notes due 2028 (the "2028 Notes").
In November 2021, nVent Finance issued $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2.750% senior notes due 2031 (the "2031 Notes").
In May 2023, to finance the acquisition of ECM Industries, nVent Finance issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.650% Senior Notes due 2033 (the "2033 Notes" and, collectively with the 2028 Notes and the 2031 Notes, the "Notes").
Interest on the 2028 Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on April 15 and October 15 of each year, and interest on the 2031
Notes and 2033 Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year.
The Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed as to payment by nVent (the "Parent Company Guarantor"). There are no subsidiaries that guarantee the Notes. The Parent Company Guarantor is a holding company that has no independent assets or operations unrelated to its investments in consolidated subsidiaries. The Subsidiary Issuer is a holding company that has no independent assets or operations unrelated to its investments in consolidated subsidiaries and the issuance of the Notes and other external debt. The Parent Company Guarantor’s principal source of cash flow, including cash flow to make payments on the Notes pursuant to the guarantees, is dividends from its subsidiaries. The Subsidiary Issuer’s principal source of cash flow is interest income from its subsidiaries. None of the subsidiaries of the Parent Company Guarantor or the Subsidiary Issuer is under any direct obligation to pay or otherwise fund amounts due on the Notes or the guarantees, whether in the form of dividends, distributions, loans or other payments. In addition, there may be statutory and regulatory limitations on the payment of dividends from certain subsidiaries of the Parent Company Guarantor or the Subsidiary Issuer. If such subsidiaries are unable to transfer funds to the Parent Company Guarantor or the Subsidiary Issuer and sufficient cash or liquidity is not otherwise available, the Parent Company Guarantor or the Subsidiary Issuer may not be able to make principal and interest payments on their outstanding debt, including the Notes or the guarantees.
The Notes constitute general unsecured senior obligations of the Subsidiary Issuer and rank equally in right of payment with all existing and future unsubordinated and unsecured indebtedness and liabilities of the Subsidiary Issuer. The guarantees of the Notes by the Parent Company Guarantor constitute general unsecured obligations of the Parent Company Guarantor and rank
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
equally in right of payment with all existing and future unsubordinated and unsecured indebtedness and liabilities of the Subsidiary Issuer. Subject to certain qualifications and exceptions, the indenture pursuant to which the Notes were issued contains covenants that, among other things, restrict nVent’s, nVent Finance’s and certain subsidiaries’ ability to merge or consolidate with another person, create liens or engage in sale and lease-back transactions.
There are no significant restrictions on the ability of nVent to obtain funds from its subsidiaries by dividend or loan. None of the assets of nVent or its subsidiaries represents restricted net assets pursuant to the guidelines established by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Senior credit facilities
In September 2021, the Company and its subsidiaries nVent Finance and Hoffman Schroff Holdings, Inc. entered into an amended and restated credit agreement (the "Credit Agreement") with a syndicate of banks providing for a five-year $300.0 million senior unsecured term loan facility (the "2021 Term Loan Facility") and a five-year $600.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility" and, together with the 2021 Term Loan Facility, the "Senior Credit Facilities"). Borrowings under the 2021 Term Loan Facility were permitted on a delayed draw basis during the first year of the five-year term of the 2021 Term Loan Facility, and borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility are permitted from time to time during the full five-year term of the Revolving Credit Facility. In September 2022, nVent exercised the delayed draw provision of the 2021 Term Loan Facility, increasing the total borrowings under the 2021 Term Loan Facility by $200.0 million to $300.0 million. nVent Finance has the option to request to increase the Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate amount of up to $300.0 million, subject to customary conditions, including the commitment of the participating lenders.
As of December 31, 2024, the borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility was $600.0 million.
Borrowings under the Senior Credit Facilities bear interest at a rate equal to an adjusted base rate, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), Euro Interbank Offer Rate (“EURIBOR”) or Sterling Overnight Index Average (“SONIA”), plus, in each case, an applicable margin. The applicable margin will be based on, at nVent Finance’s election, the Company's leverage level or public credit rating.
In April 2023, nVent and nVent Finance entered into a loan agreement providing for another senior unsecured term loan facility of $300.0 million for five-years (the "2023 Term Loan Facility"), which was used to fund the acquisition of ECM Industries. The 2023 Term Loan Facility bears interest at a rate equal to an adjusted base rate or adjusted term SOFR plus, in each case, an applicable margin. The applicable margin will be based on, at nVent Finance’s election, the Company's leverage level or public credit rating.
In June 2024, nVent and nVent Finance entered into a new loan agreement providing for an additional senior unsecured term loan facility of $500.0 million for two years (the "2024 Term Loan Facility"). In July 2024, nVent partially financed the acquisition of Trachte using the 2024 Term Loan Facility. The 2024 Term Loan Facility bears interest at a rate equal to an adjusted base rate or adjusted term SOFR plus, in each case, an applicable margin. The applicable margin will be based on, at nVent Finance's election, the Company's leverage level or public credit rating.
Our debt agreements contain certain financial covenants, the most restrictive of which are in the Senior Credit Facilities, the 2023 Term Loan Facility and the 2024 Term Loan Facility, including that we may not permit (i) the ratio of our consolidated debt (net of our consolidated unrestricted cash in excess of $5.0 million but not to exceed $250.0 million) to our consolidated net income (excluding, among other things, non-cash gains and losses) before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and non-cash share-based compensation expense ("EBITDA") on the last day of any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters (each, a "testing period") to exceed 3.75 to 1.00 (or, at nVent Finance’s election and subject to certain conditions, 4.25 to 1.00 for four testing periods in connection with certain material acquisitions) and (ii) the ratio of our EBITDA to our consolidated interest expense for the same period to be less than 3.00 to 1.00. In addition, subject to certain qualifications and exceptions, the Senior Credit Facilities, the 2023 Term Loan Facility and the 2024 Term Loan Facility also contain covenants that, among other things, restrict our ability to create liens, merge or consolidate with another person, make acquisitions and incur subsidiary debt. As of December 31, 2024, we were in compliance with all financial covenants in our debt agreements, and there is no material uncertainty about our ongoing ability to meet those covenants.
Debt outstanding at December 31, 2024, excluding unamortized issuance costs and discounts, matures on a calendar year basis as follows:
In millions 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Thereafter Total
Contractual debt obligation maturities
$ 37.5 $ 585.0 $ 22.5 $ 721.3 $ - $ 800.0 $ 2,166.3
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
11.Derivatives and Financial Instruments
Derivative financial instruments
We are exposed to market risk related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. To manage the volatility related to this exposure, we periodically enter into a variety of derivative financial instruments. Our objective is to reduce, where it is deemed appropriate to do so, fluctuations in earnings and cash flows associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The derivative contracts contain credit risk to the extent that our bank counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreements. The amount of such credit risk is generally limited to the unrealized gains, if any, in such contracts. Such risk is minimized by limiting those counterparties to major financial institutions of high credit quality.
Foreign currency contracts
We conduct business in various locations throughout the world and are subject to market risk due to changes in the value of foreign currencies. We manage our economic and transaction exposure to certain market-based risks through the use of derivative instruments. These derivative instruments primarily consist of forward foreign currency contracts used to mitigate foreign currency exposure for certain foreign currency assets and liabilities. Our objective in holding these derivatives is to reduce the volatility in net earnings and cash flows associated with changes in foreign currency rates. The majority of our foreign currency contracts have an original maturity date of less than one year. These foreign currency contracts are not designated as hedging instruments; accordingly, changes in the fair value are recorded in current period earnings.
At December 31, 2024 and 2023, we had outstanding foreign currency derivative contracts with gross notional U.S. dollar equivalent amounts of $73.8 million and $143.0 million, respectively. The impact of these contracts on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income was not material for any period presented.
Cross currency swaps
At December 31, 2024 and 2023, we had outstanding cross currency swap agreements with a combined notional amount of $321.1 million and $330.8 million, respectively. The agreements are accounted for as either cash flow hedges or fair value hedges, to hedge foreign currency fluctuations on certain intercompany debt, or as net investment hedges, to manage our exposure to fluctuations in the Euro-U.S. Dollar exchange rate. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, we had deferred foreign currency gain of $0.7 million and loss of $3.5 million, respectively, in Accumulated other comprehensive loss associated with our cross currency swap activity.
In the fourth quarter of 2024, a net investment hedge was terminated early, resulting in a $0.4 million settlement, which is reflected as a component of investing cash inflows. Subsequent to the termination, we entered into a new net investment hedge of certain Euro-denominated subsidiaries to manage exposure to fluctuations in the Euro-U.S. dollar exchange rate with a gross notional U.S. dollar equivalent amount of $134.9 million.
In the second quarter of 2023, a cash flow hedge instrument and a net investment hedge instrument each reached maturity, resulting in settlement amounts reflected as a component of financing and investing cash inflows in the amount of $4.5 million and $3.1 million, respectively. Upon maturity of the previous agreement, we entered into a new net investment hedge with a gross notional U.S. dollar equivalent amount of $66.1 million. This net investment hedge was then settled early in the fourth quarter of 2023, resulting in a $1.7 million settlement, which is reflected as a component of investing cash inflows. Subsequent to the termination, we entered into a new net investment hedge with a gross notional U.S. dollar equivalent amount of $126.5 million.
In the third quarter of 2022, as a result of an early settlement of a cash flow hedge instrument, $10.0 million of cash inflows has been reflected as a component of financing cash flows and $0.3 million of expense was recorded to Selling, general and administrative expense from Accumulated other comprehensive loss. We entered into a cash flow hedge with a gross notional U.S. dollar equivalent amount of $121.0 million to replace the terminated agreement, which we designated as a fair value hedge to offset foreign currency risk associated with Euro-denominated intercompany debt.
Fair value of financial instruments
The following methods were used to estimate the fair values of each class of financial instrument:
•short-term financial instruments (cash and cash equivalents, accounts and notes receivable, accounts and notes payable and variable-rate debt) - recorded amount approximates fair value because of the short maturity period;
•long-term fixed-rate debt, including current maturities - fair value is based on market quotes available for issuance of debt with similar terms, which are inputs that are classified as Level 2 in the valuation hierarchy defined by the accounting guidance;
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
•cross currency swap and foreign currency contract agreements - fair values are determined through the use of models that consider various assumptions, including time value, yield curves, as well as other relevant economic measures, which are observable inputs that are classified as Level 2 in the valuation hierarchy defined by the accounting guidance; and
•deferred compensation plan assets (mutual funds, common/collective trusts and cash equivalents for payment of certain non-qualified benefits for retired, terminated and active employees) - fair value of mutual funds and cash equivalents are based on quoted market prices in active markets that are classified as Level 1 in the valuation hierarchy defined by the accounting guidance; fair value of common/collective trusts are valued at net asset value ("NAV"), which is based on the fair value of the underlying securities owned by the fund divided by the number of shares outstanding.
The recorded amounts and estimated fair values of total debt, excluding unamortized issuance costs and discounts, at December 31 were as follows:
2024 2023
In millions Recorded Amount Fair Value Recorded Amount Fair Value
Variable rate debt $ 866.3 $ 866.3 $ 492.5 $ 492.5
Fixed rate debt 1,300.0 1,251.8 1,300.0 1,261.6
Total debt $ 2,166.3 $ 2,118.1 $ 1,792.5 $ 1,754.1
Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31 were as follows:
Recurring fair value measurements 2024
In millions Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 NAV Total
Cross currency swap liabilities $ - $ (8.4) $ - $ - $ (8.4)
Cross currency swap assets - 6.8 - - 6.8
Foreign currency contract liabilities - (0.3) - - (0.3)
Foreign currency contract assets - 0.3 - - 0.3
Deferred compensation plan assets 10.2 - - 5.2 15.4
Total recurring fair value measurements $ 10.2 $ (1.6) $ - $ 5.2 $ 13.8
Recurring fair value measurements 2023
In millions Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 NAV Total
Cross currency swap liabilities $ - $ (21.7) $ - $ - $ (21.7)
Cross currency swap assets - 3.9 - - 3.9
Foreign currency contract liabilities - (0.8) - - (0.8)
Foreign currency contract assets - 2.1 - - 2.1
Deferred compensation plan assets 8.4 - - 4.0 12.4
Total recurring fair value measurements $ 8.4 $ (16.5) $ - $ 4.0 $ (4.1)
12.Income Taxes
Income before income taxes consisted of the following:
Years ended December 31
In millions 2024 2023 2022
Federal (1)
$ (23.6) $ (15.4) $ (23.8)
International (2)
452.8 390.7 360.1
Income before income taxes $ 429.2 $ 375.3 $ 336.3
(1)"Federal" reflects U.K. loss before income taxes.
(2)"International" reflects non-U.K. income before income taxes.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The provision (benefit) for income taxes consisted of the following:
Years ended December 31
In millions 2024 2023 2022
Currently payable
Federal (1)
$ 0.8 $ - $ -
International (2)
104.9 87.6 60.4
Total current taxes 105.7 87.6 60.4
Deferred
Federal (1)
0.1 2.0 (1.6)
International (2)
82.6 (174.0) (15.6)
Total deferred taxes 82.7 (172.0) (17.2)
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes $ 188.4 $ (84.4) $ 43.2
(1)"Federal" represents U.K. taxes.
(2)"International" represents non-U.K. taxes.
Reconciliations of the federal statutory income tax rate to our effective tax rate were as follows:
Years ended December 31
Percentages 2024 2023 2022
Federal statutory income tax rate (1)
25.0 % 23.5 % 19.0 %
Tax effect of international operations (2)
(2.7) (4.9) (1.0)
Change in other valuation allowances 0.6 0.3 (5.3)
Withholding taxes 0.3 0.4 0.3
Change in tax basis of foreign assets (3)
(0.1) (16.4) -
Foreign income tax loss carryforwards (4)
21.6 (24.8) -
Excess tax benefits on stock-based compensation (1.3) (0.6) (0.2)
Tax effect of equity investment impairment 0.5 - -
Effective tax rate
43.9 % (22.5) % 12.8 %
(1)The U.K. changed its tax rate to from 19% to 25%, effective April 1, 2023.
(2)The tax effect of international operations consists of non-U.K. jurisdictions.
(3)In 2023, we recorded a non-cash income tax benefit of $55.4 million related to a step up in tax basis of intangible assets in Switzerland, partially offset by valuation allowances of $5.1 million. The assets are amortizable starting in 2025, and the amortization period varies based on the nature of the underlying assets from which the values were derived.
(4)In 2023, we recorded a non-cash income tax benefit of $93.2 million related to foreign income tax loss carryforwards resulting from tax-deductible statutory losses in Luxembourg. We have determined in 2024 that such loss carryforwards will not be utilized in the remaining carryforward period and have put a valuation allowance against the adjusted remaining loss carryforward available.
Reconciliations of the beginning and ending gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows:
Years ended December 31
In millions 2024 2023 2022
Beginning balance $ 13.9 $ 13.4 $ 15.6
Gross increases for tax positions in prior periods 0.7 0.5 0.1
Gross decreases for tax positions in prior periods (3.5) (1.3) (1.2)
Gross increases based on tax positions related to the current year 1.4 1.7 1.2
Gross decreases related to settlements with taxing authorities - (0.2) (2.3)
Reductions due to statute expiration (0.5) (0.3) (0.4)
Gross increases (decreases) due to currency fluctuations (0.3) 0.1 0.4
Ending balance $ 11.7 $ 13.9 $ 13.4
We record gross unrecognized tax benefits in Other current liabilities and Other non-current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Included in the $11.7 million of total gross unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2024 was $10.0 million of tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate. It is reasonably possible that the gross
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2024 may decrease by a range of zero to $2.4 million during 2025, primarily as a result of the resolution of non-U.K. examinations and the expiration of various statutes of limitations.
Based on the outcome of tax examinations, or as a result of the expiration of statute of limitations for specific jurisdictions, it is reasonably possible that certain unrecognized tax benefits for tax positions taken on previously filed tax returns will materially change from those recorded as liabilities in our financial statements. A number of tax periods from 2017 to present are under audit by tax authorities in various jurisdictions, including Germany, India and certain U.S. states. We anticipate that several of these audits may be concluded in the foreseeable future.
We record penalties and interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in Provision (benefit) for income taxes and Net interest expense, respectively, in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, we have liabilities of $2.0 million and $2.1 million, respectively, for the possible payment of penalties and $1.4 million and $2.3 million, respectively, for the possible payment of interest expense, which are recorded in Other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
For 2024, we consider substantially all foreign earnings to be indefinitely reinvested. These earnings relate to ongoing operations and have been reinvested in active business operations. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of tax that might be payable if such earnings were to be remitted. Deferred taxes, if necessary, have been provided on earnings of non-U.S. affiliates whose earnings are not indefinitely reinvested.
Deferred taxes arise because of different treatment between financial statement accounting and tax accounting, known as "temporary differences." We record the tax effect of these temporary differences as "deferred tax assets" (generally items that can be used as a tax deduction or credit in future periods) and "deferred tax liabilities" (generally items for which we received a tax deduction but the tax impact has not yet been recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income).
Deferred taxes were recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31 as follows:
In millions 2024 2023
Other non-current assets $ 57.0 $ 166.1
Deferred tax liabilities 242.7 190.3
Net deferred tax liabilities $ 185.7 $ 24.2
The tax effects of the major items recorded as deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31 were as follows:
In millions 2024 2023
Deferred tax assets
Accrued liabilities and reserves $ 23.3 $ 21.0
Pension and other post-retirement compensation and benefits 13.8 15.3
Employee compensation and benefits 28.5 25.5
Tax loss and credit carryforwards 195.8 206.2
Other intangibles 43.5 55.4
Interest limitation 42.7 25.4
Other assets 34.8 29.3
Total deferred tax assets 382.4 378.1
Valuation allowance 196.0 110.8
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance 186.4 267.3
Deferred tax liabilities
Property, plant and equipment 28.9 26.2
Goodwill and other intangibles 322.2 244.8
Other liabilities 21.0 20.5
Total deferred tax liabilities 372.1 291.5
Net deferred tax liabilities $ 185.7 $ 24.2
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Included in tax loss and credit carryforwards in the table above is a deferred tax asset of $3.1 million as of December 31, 2024 related to foreign tax credit carryover from the tax period ended December 31, 2017 and related to transition taxes. The entire amount is subject to a valuation allowance. The foreign tax credit is eligible for carryforward until the tax period ending December 31, 2027.
As of December 31, 2024, tax loss carryforwards of $789.5 million were available to offset future income. A valuation allowance of $183.2 million exists for deferred income tax benefits related to the tax loss carryforwards which may not be realized. We believe sufficient taxable income will be generated in the respective jurisdictions to allow us to fully recover the remainder of the tax losses. The tax losses relate to non-U.S. carryforwards which are subject to varying expiration periods. Non-U.S. carryforwards of $330.6 million are located in jurisdictions with unlimited tax loss carryforward periods, while the remainder will begin to expire in 2025.
13.Benefit Plans
Pension and other post-retirement plans
We sponsor U.S. and non-U.S. defined-benefit pension and other post-retirement plans. The defined benefit pension plans cover certain non-U.S. employees and retirees, and the pension benefits are based principally on an employee's years of service and/or compensation levels near retirement. In addition, we provide certain post-retirement health care benefits that generally provide fixed reimbursements.
Obligations and funded status
The following tables present reconciliations of plan benefit obligations, fair value of plan assets and the funded status of pension plans and a post-retirement health plan as of and for the years ended December 31:
Pension plans Post-retirement health plan
In millions 2024 2023 2024 2023
Change in benefit obligations
Benefit obligation beginning of year
$ 125.9 $ 104.8 $ 12.5 $ 12.8
Service cost 1.1 1.1 0.1 0.1
Interest cost 4.0 4.5 0.6 0.6
Actuarial loss (gain) 0.6 13.8 (1.0) (0.1)
Foreign currency translation (7.5) 4.7 - -
Benefits paid (3.8) (3.0) (0.8) (0.9)
Benefit obligation end of year $ 120.3 $ 125.9 $ 11.4 $ 12.5
Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets beginning of year
$ 3.2 $ 2.1 $ - $ -
Actual return on plan assets - - - -
Company contributions 3.9 3.9 0.8 0.9
Foreign currency translation (0.2) 0.2 - -
Benefits paid (3.8) (3.0) (0.8) (0.9)
Fair value of plan assets end of year
$ 3.1 $ 3.2 $ - $ -
Funded status
Fair value of plan assets end of year
$ 3.1 $ 3.2 $ - $ -
Benefit obligation end of year
120.3 125.9 11.4 12.5
Benefit obligations in excess of the fair value of plan assets
$ (117.2) $ (122.7) $ (11.4) $ (12.5)
The actuarial changes during 2024 and 2023 are primarily attributable to the changes in discount rates from the prior year.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Amounts recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31 were as follows:
Pension plans Post-retirement health plan
In millions 2024 2023 2024 2023
Current liabilities $ (4.4) $ (4.4) $ (1.1) $ (1.2)
Non-current liabilities (112.8) (118.3) (10.3) (11.3)
Benefit obligations in excess of the fair value of plan assets
$ (117.2) $ (122.7) $ (11.4) $ (12.5)
The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit plans was $119.3 million and $125.4 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation or projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets as of December 31 was as follows:
Projected benefit obligation
exceeds the fair value
of plan assets Accumulated benefit obligation
exceeds the fair value of
plan assets
In millions 2024 2023 2024 2023
Projected benefit obligation $ 120.3 $ 125.9 $ 119.5 $ 125.1
Fair value of plan assets 3.1 3.2 2.4 2.5
Accumulated benefit obligation N/A N/A 118.7 124.7
Components of net periodic benefit expense (income) for our pension plans were as follows for the years ended December 31:
In millions 2024 2023 2022
Service cost $ 1.1 $ 1.1 $ 1.3
Interest cost 4.0 4.5 2.4
Expected return on plan assets (0.1) (0.1) -
Net actuarial loss (gain) 0.6 13.9 (58.5)
Net periodic benefit expense (income) $ 5.6 $ 19.4 $ (54.8)
Components of net periodic benefit expense (income) for our post-retirement health plan for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were not material.
Assumptions
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations as of December 31 were as follows:
Pension plans Post-retirement health plan
Percentages 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 2022
Discount rate 3.47 % 3.47 % 4.22 % 5.48 % 4.94 % 5.19 %
Rate of compensation increase 3.48 % 3.47 % 3.49 % - - -
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit expense (income) for years ended December 31 were as follows:
Pension plans Post-retirement health plan
Percentages 2024 2023 2022 2024 2023 2022
Discount rate 3.47 % 4.22 % 1.50 % 4.94 % 5.19 % 2.65 %
Expected long-term return on plan assets 2.71 % 2.73 % 1.80 % - - -
Rate of compensation increase 3.47 % 3.49 % 3.01 % - - -
Uncertainty in the securities markets and U.S. economy could result in investment returns less than those assumed. Should the securities markets decline or medical and prescription drug costs increase at a rate greater than assumed, we would expect increasing annual combined net pension and post-retirement health costs for the next several years. Should actual experience
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
differ from actuarial assumptions, the projected pension benefit obligation and net pension cost and accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation and post-retirement benefit cost would be affected in future years.
Discount rates
The discount rate reflects the current rate at which the pension liabilities could be effectively settled at the end of the year based on our December 31 measurement date. The discount rates on our pension plans ranged from 1.00% to 5.39%, 1.00% to 4.88% and 1.00% to 5.22% in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The discount rates are determined by matching high-quality, fixed-income debt instruments with maturities corresponding to the expected timing of benefit payments as of the annual measurement date for each of the various plans. There are no known or anticipated changes in our discount rate assumptions that will materially impact our pension expense in 2025.
Expected rates of return
The expected rates of return on our pension plan assets ranged from 1.00% to 3.25%, 1.00% to 3.75% and 1.00% to 2.25% in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The expected rate of return is designed to be a long-term assumption that may be subject to considerable year-to-year variance from actual returns. In developing the expected long-term rate of return, we considered our historical returns, with consideration given to forecasted economic conditions, our asset allocations, input from external consultants and broader longer-term market indices. Any difference in the expected rate and actual returns will be included with the actuarial gain or loss recorded in the fourth quarter when our plans are remeasured.
Cash flows
Contributions
Pension and other post-retirement plan contributions totaled $4.7 million and $4.8 million in 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company expects to contribute $5.8 million to the plans in 2025.
Estimated future benefit payments
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service or payout from termination, as appropriate, are expected to be paid by the plans in each of the next five fiscal years and in the aggregate for the five fiscal years thereafter are as follows:
In millions Pension plans Post-retirement health plan
2025 $ 4.7 $ 1.1
2026 4.9 1.1
2027 5.7 1.1
2028 5.9 1.0
2029 6.1 1.0
2030-2034 32.5 4.5
Savings plan
nVent is the plan sponsor of a 401(k) retirement plan (nVent Management Company Retirement Savings and Incentive Plan or "401(k) plan") and employee share ownership plan (nVent Electric plc Employee Stock Purchase and Bonus Plan). The 401(k) plan covers certain union and all non-union U.S. employees who met certain age requirements. Under the 401(k) plan, eligible U.S. employees could voluntarily contribute a percentage of their eligible compensation, and we match contributions made by employees who met certain eligibility and service requirements. The employer matching contributions are 100% of the first 5% of eligible compensation. Expense for the 401(k) plan was $13.5 million, $11.4 million, and $10.1 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
14.Shareholders' Equity
Authorized shares
Our authorized share capital consists of 400.0 million ordinary shares with a par value of $0.01 per share.
Share repurchases
On May 14, 2021, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of our ordinary shares up to a maximum dollar limit of $300.0 million (the "2021 Authorization"). The 2021 Authorization expired on July 22, 2024.
On May 17, 2024, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of our ordinary shares up to a maximum dollar limit of $500.0 million (the "2024 Authorization"). The 2024 Authorization began on July 23, 2024, following the expiration of the 2021 Authorization, and expires on July 22, 2027.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we repurchased 1.5 million of our ordinary shares for $100.0 million under the 2024 Authorization and we did not repurchase ordinary shares under the 2021 Authorization. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we repurchased 1.2 million of our ordinary shares for $58.8 million under the 2021 Authorization.
As of December 31, 2024, we had $400.0 million available for repurchases under the 2024 Authorization.
Dividends Payable
We paid dividends of $126.8 million, or $0.19 per ordinary share in each quarter of 2024, resulting in $0.76 for the year ended December 31, 2024. We paid dividends of $116.8 million, or $0.175 per ordinary share in each quarter of 2023, resulting in $0.70 for the year ended December 31, 2023.
On December 16, 2024, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.20 that was paid on February 7, 2025 to shareholders of record at the close of business on January 17, 2025. The balance of dividends payable included in Other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets was $33.9 million and $32.6 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
On February 17, 2025, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.20 per ordinary share payable on May 9, 2025 to shareholders of record at the close of business on April 25, 2025.
15.Segment Information
Our continuing operations are comprised of two reporting segments, based primarily on types of products offered and markets served:
•Enclosures (to be renamed Systems Protection beginning in the first quarter of 2025)-The Enclosures segment provides innovative solutions to help protect electronics, systems and data in mission critical applications, including data centers, that improve resiliency and energy efficiency. Our standard and custom protective enclosures, cooling solutions, both liquid and air, control buildings and power distribution solutions help manage protect operating environments for mission critical applications in industrial, infrastructure, commercial and energy verticals.
•Electrical & Fastening Solutions (to be renamed Electrical Connections beginning in the first quarter of 2025)-The Electrical & Fastening Solutions segment provides innovative solutions that connect power and data infrastructure. Our offerings enhance end-user safety, reduce installation time and provide resiliency for critical systems. Our cable management, electrical connections and solutions, and power connections help make electrical systems safe, efficient and resilient, and are used across a wide range of verticals, including commercial and residential, infrastructure, industrial and energy.
"Enterprise and other" activity primarily consists of enterprise expenses not allocated to the segments, including certain executive office, board of directors, and centrally-managed enterprise functional or shared service costs related to finance, human resources, legal, supply chain, digital and corporate development. These activities do not meet the criteria for a stand-alone reporting segment under ASC 280.
The accounting policies of our reporting segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The Company's primary measure of segment profitability is reportable segment income. Reportable segment income represents operating income, which includes certain corporate overhead allocations, and is exclusive of intangible amortization, acquisition related costs, costs of restructuring activities, "mark-to-market" gain/loss for pension and other post-retirement plans, impairments and other unusual non-operating items.
nVent's chief operating decision maker ("CODM") is our chief executive officer. This presentation is consistent with how the CODM evaluates the results of operations and makes strategic decisions about the business. The CODM uses reportable segment income for purposes of evaluating performance, allocating resources, setting incentive compensation targets, as well as internal forecasting of future period financial results. These results are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have occurred had each segment been an independent, stand-alone entity during the periods presented.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Net sales and significant expense categories to arrive at our measure of segment profitability by reportable segment for the years ended December 31 were as follows:
In millions Enclosures Electrical & Fastening Solutions Total
Net sales $ 1,823.3 $ 1,182.8 $ 3,006.1
Cost of goods sold(1)
1,143.4 637.1
Selling, general and administrative(1)
239.1 167.5
Research and development(1)
37.7 23.7
Reportable segment income $ 403.1 $ 354.5 $ 757.6
In millions Enclosures Electrical & Fastening Solutions Total
Net sales $ 1,605.9 $ 1,063.0 $ 2,668.9
Cost of goods sold(1)
1,011.6 549.5
Selling, general and administrative(1)
218.0 163.1
Research and development(1)
29.7 19.8
Reportable segment income $ 346.6 $ 330.6 $ 677.2
In millions Enclosures Electrical & Fastening Solutions Total
Net sales $ 1,503.7 $ 791.4 $ 2,295.1
Cost of goods sold(1)
1,024.7 433.3
Selling, general and administrative(1)
197.5 123.5
Research and development(1)
25.5 14.7
Reportable segment income $ 256.0 $ 219.9 $ 475.9
(1) These costs exclude certain expenses reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income that are reflected in 'Enterprise and other', as well as the costs that are excluded from reportable segment income as discussed above.
The following table presents a reconciliation of reportable segment income to consolidated income before income taxes for the years ended December 31:
In millions 2024 2023 2022
Enclosures $ 403.1 $ 346.6 $ 256.0
Electrical & Fastening Solutions 354.5 330.6 219.9
Reportable segment income 757.6 677.2 475.9
Enterprise and other (105.6) (110.6) (104.6)
Impairment of equity investments (8.8) - -
Restructuring and other (7.5) (3.9) (11.2)
Intangible amortization (94.7) (69.5) (50.3)
Pension and other post-retirement mark-to-market gain (loss) 0.1 (13.4) 61.9
Acquisition transaction and integration costs (13.9) (12.8) (0.8)
Inventory step-up amortization - (17.7) -
Gain on sale of investment - 10.3 -
Interest expense, net (106.0) (79.4) (31.2)
Other income (expense) 8.0 (4.9) (3.4)
Income before income taxes $ 429.2 $ 375.3 $ 336.3
No customer accounted for more than 10% of net sales in 2024, 2023 or 2022.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Identifiable assets(1)
Depreciation(2)
In millions 2024 2023 2024 2023 2022
Enclosures $ 2,129.3 $ 1,321.7 $ 25.7 $ 22.4 $ 20.5
Electrical & Fastening Solutions 3,154.7 3,242.1 21.8 16.3 10.5
Total for reportable segments 5,284.0 4,563.8 47.5 38.7 31.0
Enterprise and other 1,450.9 1,597.9 3.8 5.0 5.1
Consolidated $ 6,734.9 $ 6,161.7 $ 51.3 $ 43.7 $ 36.1
(1) Identifiable assets for 'Enterprise and other' includes total assets held for sale attributable to the Company's Thermal Management business of $1,276.1 million and $1,248.1 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. See Note 6 for further information on the Company's sale of the Thermal Management business.
(2) These amounts of depreciation disclosed by reportable segment are included within the significant expense categories above, such as cost of goods sold and selling, general and administrative expenses.
Capital expenditures
In millions 2024 2023 2022
Enclosures $ 45.9 $ 38.1 $ 20.5
Electrical & Fastening Solutions 23.2 20.7 12.9
Total for reportable segments 69.1 58.8 33.4
Enterprise and other 4.9 6.8 7.1
Consolidated $ 74.0 $ 65.6 $ 40.5
16.Share-Based Compensation
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had various share-based awards outstanding which were issued to executives and other eligible employees and directors. Awards with service conditions or both service and market conditions are expensed over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award. The Company estimates forfeitures as part of recording share-based compensation expense.
The Company’s long-term incentive program for awarding share-based compensation includes a combination of restricted stock, performance shares and stock options of the Company’s common stock pursuant to the nVent Electric plc 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan”). nVent's sole shareholder approved the 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan in 2018. The Company's shareholders approved a subsequent amendment to increase the shares authorized for issuance under the 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan in 2020. The 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan authorizes the issuance of 18.5 million shares to settle awards. Our practice is to settle share-based awards by issuing new shares of common stock. Upon vesting, dividends that have accumulated during the vesting period are paid on earned awards.
Total share-based compensation expense for the years ended 2024, 2023 and 2022, was as follows:
In millions 2024 2023 2022
Restricted stock units $ 14.0 $ 10.5 $ 9.0
Performance share units 7.9 7.1 10.6
Stock options 5.4 4.2 3.7
Total $ 27.3 $ 21.8 $ 23.3
The total income tax benefit recognized for share-based compensation arrangements for continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $8.1 million, $3.9 million and $2.3 million, respectively.
Restricted stock units (RSUs)
Under the 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan, the Company may award RSUs of our common stock to certain eligible employees and directors. RSUs generally vest one-third each year over a period of three years commencing on the grant date, subject to continuous employment and certain other conditions. The fair values of the RSUs are based on the closing price of the Company’s stock on the date of grant, and are expensed over the vesting period.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following table summarizes restricted stock unit activity for the year ended December 31, 2024:
Shares in millions Number of shares Weighted-average grant date fair value
Outstanding as of January 1, 2024
0.6 $ 37.66
Granted 0.2 69.37
Vested (0.3) 35.12
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024
0.5 55.69
As of December 31, 2024, there was $11.7 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to RSUs granted, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.0 years. The total fair value of RSUs vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, was $11.9 million, $9.4 million and $9.2 million, respectively.
Performance share units (“PSUs”)
Under the 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan, the Company may award PSUs whose vesting is based on the satisfaction of a service period of three years and the achievement of certain performance metrics over that same period.
For PSU awards granted in 2024, 2023 and 2022 the awards vest based on the satisfaction of a three-year service period and total shareholder return (“TSR”) relative to the S&P 400 Industrials. Awards earned at the end of the three-year vesting period range from 0% to 200% of the targeted number of PSUs granted based on the ranking of TSR of the Company, assuming reinvestment of all dividends, relative to the S&P 400 Industrials. Expense is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, and is recognized irrespective of the market condition being achieved.
The grant-date fair value of PSUs with market conditions was determined based upon a lattice model. The principal assumptions used in the lattice model include the expected share price volatility of the Company and members of the defined peer group (based on the most recent three-year period as of the grant date) and the risk-free interest rate (an estimate based on the yield of the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant for the expected term of the award). A summary of the assumptions used in determining the fair value of these PSUs is as follows:
Risk-free interest rate 4.36 % 4.66 % 1.45 %
Expected share price volatility 43.0 % 51.5 % 51.2 %
Grant-date fair value $ 103.93 $ 68.72 $ 42.82
The following table summarizes PSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2024:
Shares in millions Number of shares Weighted-average grant date fair value
Outstanding as of January 1, 2024
0.5 $ 44.67
Granted 0.2 103.93
Vested (0.4) 36.39
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024
0.3 66.95
As of December 31, 2024, there was $8.9 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to performance share compensation arrangements granted under the 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan. The expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.6 years. The total fair value of PSUs vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, was $14.2 million, $9.6 million and $4.5 million, respectively.
Stock Options
Under the 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan, the Company may grant stock options to any eligible employee with an exercise price equal to the market value of the shares on the dates the options were granted. Options generally vest one-third each year over a period of three years commencing on the grant date and expire ten years after the grant date.
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
We estimated the fair value of each stock option award issued in the annual share-based compensation grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model, modified for dividends, and using the following assumptions for the years ended December 31:
Risk-free interest rate 4.06 % 3.77 % 1.50 %
Expected dividend yield 1.27 % 1.73 % 1.96 %
Expected share price volatility 37.1 % 36.6 % 33.3 %
Expected term (years) 6.8 6.5 6.2
Weighted-average grant-date fair value for options granted during the year $ 27.16 $ 16.56 $ 9.24
These estimates require us to make assumptions based on historical results, observance of trends in our share price, changes in option exercise behaviors, future expectations and other relevant factors. If other assumptions had been used, share-based compensation expense, as calculated and recorded under the accounting guidance, could have been affected.
We based the expected life assumption on historical experience as well as the terms and vesting periods of the options granted. For purposes of determining expected volatility, we considered historical volatilities of peer companies over a period approximately equal to the expected option term. The risk-free rate for periods that coincide with the expected life of the options is based on the U.S. Treasury Department yield curve in effect at the time of grant.
The following table summarizes stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2024:
Shares and intrinsic value in millions Number of shares Weighted-average exercise price Weighted-average remaining contractual life (years) Aggregate intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of January 1, 2024
4.1 $ 26.36
Granted 0.3 68.74
Exercised (1.1) 22.72
Forfeited (0.1) 43.18
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024
3.2 30.64
Options exercisable as of December 31, 2024
2.7 25.89 4.5 $ 112.9
Options expected to vest as of December 31, 2024
0.6 52.62 8.3 9.1
As of December 31, 2024, there was $3.8 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested options expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years. The total intrinsic value of options exercised for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $51.7 million, $10.4 million and $6.5 million, respectively.
Cash received from option exercised for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $20.4 million, $10.8 million and $12.6 million, respectively. The actual tax benefit realized for the tax deductions from options exercised for continuing operations totaled $3.4 million, $1.4 million and $0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
17.Leases
We have operating leases for office space, production facilities, distribution centers, warehouses, sales offices, fleet vehicles and equipment. We also have finance leases for production facilities and equipment. In accordance with our accounting policy, leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recognized on the balance sheet; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We elected the practical expedient for all leases to include both lease and non-lease components within our lease assets and lease liabilities.
Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees, any material bargain purchase options or material restrictive covenants. We have no material sublease arrangements with third parties or lease transactions with related parties.
Costs associated with short-term leases, variable rent and subleases were immaterial.
Our leases have remaining lease terms of one to nineteen years, some of which include renewal options. Renewal options that are reasonably certain to be exercised are included in the lease term. The incremental borrowing rate is used in determining the
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
present value of lease payments, unless an implicit rate is specified. Incremental borrowing rates on a collateralized basis are determined based on the economic environment in which leases are denominated and the lease term.
The weighted-average remaining lease term and weighted-average discount rate were as follows:
December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023
Weighted-average remaining lease term:
Operating leases 5 years 6 years
Finance leases 12 years n/a
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating leases 5.1 % 5.0 %
Finance leases 6.0 % n/a
Lease expense for the years ended December 31 were as follows:
In millions 2024 2023 2022
Operating lease expense $ 26.3 $ 24.5 $ 20.4
Finance lease expense:
Amortization of right-of-use assets $ 0.5 $ - $ -
Interest on lease liabilities 0.5 - -
Total finance lease expense $ 1.0 $ - $ -
Maturities of lease liabilities as of December 31, 2024 were as follows:
In millions Operating lease obligations Finance lease obligations
2025 $ 31.7 $ 1.4
2026 29.1 1.5
2027 26.3 1.5
2028 20.1 1.5
2029 13.9 1.5
Thereafter 24.2 23.1
Total lease payments 145.3 30.5
Less imputed interest (32.2) (12.5)
Total reported lease liability $ 113.1 $ 18.0
Supplemental cash flow information and other information related to leases for the years ended December 31 was as follows:
In millions 2024 2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating leases $ 25.5 $ 21.6
Financing leases 0.6 -
Lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities:
Operating leases $ 29.7 $ 56.5
Financing leases 18.2 -
nVent Electric plc
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases as of December 31 was as follows:
In millions Classification 2024
Operating Leases
Lease right-of-use assets Other non-current assets $ 107.2 $ 99.6
Current lease liabilities Other current liabilities $ 22.4 $ 19.5
Non-current lease liabilities Other non-current liabilities 90.7 84.9
Total lease liabilities $ 113.1 $ 104.4
Finance Leases
Lease right-of-use assets Other non-current assets $ 17.7 $ -
Current lease liabilities Other current liabilities $ 0.4 $ -
Non-current lease liabilities Other non-current liabilities 17.6 -
Total lease liabilities $ 18.0 $ -
18.Commitments and Contingencies
Warranties and guarantees
In connection with the disposition of our businesses or product lines, we may agree to indemnify purchasers for various potential liabilities relating to the sold business, such as pre-closing tax, product liability, warranty, environmental, or other obligations. The subject matter, amounts and duration of any such indemnification obligations vary for each type of liability indemnified and may vary widely from transaction to transaction.
Generally, the maximum obligation under such indemnifications is not explicitly stated and as a result, the overall amount of these obligations cannot be reasonably estimated. Historically, we have not made significant payments for these indemnifications. We believe that if we were to incur a loss in any of these matters, the loss would not have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
We recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee.
We provide service and warranty policies on our products. Liability under service and warranty policies is based upon a review of historical warranty and service claim experience. Adjustments are made to accruals as claim data and historical experience warrant. Our liability for service and product warranties as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was not material.
Stand-by letters of credit, bank guarantees and bonds
In the ordinary course of business, we are required to commit to bonds, letters of credit and bank guarantees that require payments to our customers for any non-performance. The outstanding face value of these instruments fluctuates with the value of our projects in process and in our backlog. In addition, we issue financial stand-by letters of credit primarily to secure our performance to third parties under self-insurance programs.
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the outstanding value of bonds, letters of credit and bank guarantees totaled $10.7 million and $10.5 million, respectively.
Other matters
We are subject to disputes, administrative proceedings and other claims arising out of the normal conduct of our business. These matters generally relate to disputes arising out of the use or installation of our products, product liability litigation, personal injury claims, commercial and contract disputes and employment related matters. On the basis of information currently available, management does not believe that existing proceedings and claims will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. However, litigation is unpredictable, and we could incur judgments or enter into settlements for current or future claims that could adversely affect our financial statements.

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the year ended December 31, 2024, pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("the Exchange Act"). Based upon their evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the year ended December 31, 2024 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
Management's Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The report of management required under this ITEM 9A is contained in ITEM 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption "Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting."
Attestation Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The attestation report required under this ITEM 9A is contained in ITEM 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption "Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm."
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we completed the acquisition of Trachte. As part of our ongoing integration activities associated with the Trachte acquisition, we are reviewing the internal controls and procedures of Trachte and working to augment our company-wide controls to reflect the risks inherent in the acquisition. There were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2024 that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
(b)
During the fourth quarter of 2024, none of our directors or Section 16 officers adopted or terminated any “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K).

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Information required under this item with respect to directors is contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2025 annual general meeting of shareholders under the captions "Proposal 1 Elect Director Nominees" and "Corporate Governance Matters," and is incorporated herein by reference.
Information required under this item with respect to executive officers is contained in Part I of this Form 10-K under the caption "Information About Our Executive Officers."
Our Board of Directors adopted nVent's Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and designated it as the code of ethics for the Company's Chief Executive Officer and senior financial officers. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics also applies to all employees and directors in accordance with New York Stock Exchange Listing Standards. We have posted a copy of nVent's Code of Business Conduct and Ethics on our website at https://investors.nvent.com/corporate-governance/. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirements under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding amendments to or waivers from, nVent's Code of Business Conduct and Ethics by posting such information on our website at https://investors.nvent.com/corporate-governance/.
Information required under this item with respect to our Insider Trading Policy is contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2025 annual general meeting of shareholders under the caption "Compensation Discussion and Analysis - Insider Trading Policy" and is incorporated herein by reference.
We are not including the information contained on our website as part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this report.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Information required under this item is contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2025 annual general meeting of shareholders under the captions "Corporate Governance Matters - Director Compensation," "Compensation and Human Capital Committee Report," "Compensation Discussion and Analysis," and "Executive Compensation Tables" and is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Information required under this item with respect to security ownership is contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2025 annual general meeting of shareholders under the caption "Security Ownership" and is incorporated herein by reference.
The following table summarizes, as of December 31, 2024, information about compensation plans under which our equity securities are authorized for issuance:
Plan category Number of securities to
be issued upon exercise
of outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(a) Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(b) Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation
plans (excluding
securities reflected in
column (a))
(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders:
2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan
4,108,862 (1)
$ 30.64 (2)
10,866,980 (3)
Total 4,108,862 $ 30.64 10,866,980
(1)Consists of 3,250,661 shares subject to stock options, 514,940 shares subject to restricted stock units and 343,261 shares subject to performance share awards.
(2)Represents the weighted-average exercise price of outstanding stock options and does not take into account outstanding restricted stock units or performance share units.
(3)Represents securities remaining available for issuance under the 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Information required under this item is contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2025 annual general meeting of shareholders under the captions "Proposal 1 Elect Director Nominees - Director Independence" and "Corporate Governance Matters - The Board's Role and Responsibilities, Including Risk Oversight - Policies and Procedures Regarding Related Person Transactions" and is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
Information required under this item is contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2025 annual general meeting of shareholders under the caption "Proposal 4 Ratify, by Non-Binding Advisory Vote, the Appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as the Independent Auditor of nVent Electric plc and to Authorize, by Binding Vote, the Audit and Finance Committee of the Board of Directors to Set the Auditor's Remuneration" and is incorporated herein by reference. Deloitte & Touche LLP (PCAOB ID no. 34) is our principal accountant.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
The following information required under this item is filed as part of this report:
(1) Financial Statements
Consolidated Financial Statements filed as part of this report are listed under Part II, ITEM 8 of this Form 10-K.
Financial Statement Schedules
None.
All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission have been omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.
(2) Exhibits
The exhibits of this Annual Report on Form 10-K included herein are set forth below.
Exhibit
Number Exhibit
2.1
Share and Asset Purchase Agreement, dated July 31, 2024, by and between nVent Electric plc and BCP VI Summit Holdings LP (as assignee of BCP Acquisitions LLC) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 in the Current Report on Form 8-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on August 6, 2024 (File No. 001-38265)).
3.1
Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of nVent Electric plc (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-8 of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on December 31, 2018 (File No. 333-224555)).
4.1
Indenture, dated as of March 26, 2018, among nVent Finance S.à r.l, nVent Electric plc, Pentair plc, Pentair Investments Switzerland GmbH and U.S. Bank National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Amendment No. 4 to the Registration Statement on Form 10 of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on March 26, 2018 (File No. 001-38265)).
4.2
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 26, 2018, among nVent Finance S.à r.l, nVent Electric plc, Pentair plc, Pentair Investments Switzerland GmbH and U.S. Bank National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Amendment No. 4 to the Registration Statement on Form 10 of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on March 26, 2018 (File No. 001-38265)).
4.3
Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 30, 2018, among nVent Finance S.à r.l, nVent Electric plc and U.S. Bank National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 in the Current Report on Form 8-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on April 30, 2018 (File No. 001-38265)).
4.4
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 23, 2021, among nVent Finance S.à r.l, nVent Electric plc and U.S. Bank National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 in the Current Report on Form 8-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on November 23, 2021 (File No. 001-38265)).
4.5
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of September 24, 2021, among nVent Electric plc, nVent Finance S.à r.l., Hoffman Schroff Holdings, Inc., the other affiliate borrowers from time to time party thereto and the lenders and agents party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 in the Current Report on Form 8-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on September 30, 2021 (File No. 001-38265)).
4.6
Amendment No. 1, dated as of December 22, 2022, to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of September 24, 2021, among nVent Electric plc, nVent Finance S.à r.l., Hoffman Schroff Holdings, Inc. and the lenders and agents party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on February 28, 2023 (File No. 001-38265)).
4.7
Description of Securities.
4.8
Loan Agreement, dated as of April 26, 2023, among nVent Electric plc, nVent Finance S.à r.l., and the lenders and agents party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 in the Current Report on Form 8-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on April 27, 2023 (File No. 001-38265)).
4.9
Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 3, 2023, among nVent Finance S.à r.l, nVent Electric plc, and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 in the Current Report on Form 8-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on May 3, 2023 (File No. 001-38265)).
4.10
Term Loan Agreement, dated as of June 21, 2024, among nVent Electric plc, nVent Finance S.à r.l., and the lenders and agents party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 in the Current Report on Form 8-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on June 24, 2024 (File No. 001-38265)).
10.1
nVent Electric plc 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix B to the Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on March 31, 2020 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.2
Form of Executive Officer Stock Option Award Agreement for grants prior to December 11, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on May 8, 2018 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.3
Form of Executive Officer Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for grants prior to December 11, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on May 8, 2018 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.4
Form of Executive Officer Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement for grants prior to December 11, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on May 8, 2018 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.5
Description of nVent Electric plc Management Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on October 27, 2023 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.6
Form of Key Executive Employment and Severance Agreement for Beth A. Wozniak, Lynnette R. Heath, Jon D. Lammers, Aravind Padmanabhan, Randolph A. Wacker, and Sara E. Zawoyski (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement on Form 10 of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on January 31, 2018 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.7
nVent Electric plc Employee Stock Purchase and Bonus Plan, as amended and restated January 1, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on February 23, 2021 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.8
nVent Management Company Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 in the Current Report on Form 8-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on April 30, 2018 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.9
nVent Management Company Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 in the Current Report on Form 8-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on April 30, 2018 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.10
Form of Deed of Indemnification for directors and executive officers of nVent Electric plc (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement on Form 10 of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on January 31, 2018 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.11
Form of Indemnification Agreement for directors and executive officers of nVent Electric plc (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement on Form 10 of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on January 31, 2018 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.12
Form of Key Executive Employment and Severance Agreement for Robert J. van der Kolk (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on July 26, 2018 (File No. 001-38625)).*
10.13
Description of Amendment to the nVent Management Company Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on July 31, 2020 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.14
nVent Electric plc Non-Employee Director Compensation Policy.*
10.15
nVent Management Company Severance Plan for Executives effective March 1, 2019, as amended and restated effective September 18, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on October 27, 2023 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.16
Form of Executive Officer Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement with Stock Price Vesting (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on April 29, 2021 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.17
Form of Executive Officer Stock Option Award Agreement for grants on or after December 11, 2022 and prior to December 15, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on February 28, 2023 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.18
Form of Executive Officer Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for grants on or after December 11, 2022 and prior to December 15, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on February 28, 2023 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.19
Form of Executive Officer Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement for grants on or after December 11, 2022 and prior to December 15, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on February 28, 2023 (File No. 001-38265)).*
10.20
Form of Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on February 20, 2024 (file No. 001-38265)).*
10.21
Form of Key Executive Employment and Severance Agreement for Martha C. Bennett (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on February 20, 2024 (file No. 001-38265)).*
10.22
Form of Executive Officer Stock Option Award Agreement for grants on or after December 15, 2024.*
10.23
Form of Executive Officer Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for grants on or after December 15, 2024.*
10.24
Form of Executive Officer Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement for grants on or after December 15, 2024.*
nVent Electric plc Insider Trading Policy.
List of nVent Electric plc subsidiaries.
Guarantors and Subsidiary Issuers of Guaranteed Securities (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 22 in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on July 28, 2023 (File No. 001-38265)).
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - Deloitte & Touche LLP.
Power of attorney.
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer.
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer.
32.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer, Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer, Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
nVent Electric plc Recovery Policy (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 97 in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of nVent Electric plc filed with the Commission on February 20, 2024 (file No. 001-38265)).*
101 The following materials from nVent Electric plc's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 are filed herewith, formatted in iXBRL (Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, (ii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, and (vi) the information included in Part I, Item IC, Part II, ITEM 9B(b) and Part III, Item 10.
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).
* Denotes a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.