EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 1057060
Filing Year: 2024
Filename: 1057060_10-K_2024_0000950170-24-127036.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Item 1.	Business
Introduction
Our Company
We believe we are the world’s largest recreational boat, yacht and superyacht services company. As of September 30, 2024, we have over 120 locations worldwide, including over 75 retail dealership locations, some of which include marinas. Collectively, with the IGY acquisition, as of September 30, 2024, we own or operate 65 marina and storage locations worldwide. Through Fraser Yachts and Northrop & Johnson, we believe we are the largest superyacht services provider, operating locations across the globe. Cruisers Yachts manufactures boats and yachts with sales through our select retail dealership locations and through independent dealers. Intrepid Powerboats manufactures powerboats and sells through a direct-to-consumer model. MarineMax provides finance and insurance services through wholly owned subsidiaries and operates MarineMax Vacations in Tortola, British Virgin Islands. The Company, through a wholly owned subsidiary, New Wave Innovations, also owns Boatyard, an industry-leading customer experience digital product company, and Boatzon, a boat and marine digital retail platform. Through Newcoast Financial Services, we provide third-party financing and insurance products for boats and yachts primarily for transactions not associated with our dealership locations.
As of September 30, 2024, the Retail Operations segment included the activity of over 75 retail locations in Alabama, California, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas, Washington and Wisconsin, where we sell new and used recreational boats, including pleasure and fishing boats, with a focus on premium brands in each segment. We also sell related marine products, including engines, trailers, parts, and accessories. In addition, we provide repair, maintenance, and slip and storage rentals; we arrange related boat financing, insurance, and extended service contracts; we offer boat and yacht brokerage sales and yacht charter services. In the British Virgin Islands, we offer the charter of power catamarans, through MarineMax Vacations. Fraser Yachts Group and Northrop & Johnson, leading superyacht brokerage and luxury yacht services companies with operations in multiple countries, are also included in this segment. IGY Marinas is also included in this segment. IGY Marinas maintains a network of strategically positioned luxury marinas situated in yachting and sport fishing destinations around the world. IGY Marinas has created standards for service and quality in nautical tourism. It offers a global network of marinas in the Americas, the Caribbean, Europe, and Asia, delivering year-round accommodations. IGY Marinas caters to a wide variety of luxury yachts, while also being exclusive home ports for some of the world’s largest megayachts.
As of September 30, 2024, the Product Manufacturing segment included activity of Cruisers Yachts, a wholly-owned MarineMax subsidiary, manufacturing sport yacht and yachts with sales through our select retail dealership locations and through independent dealers, and Intrepid Powerboats. Cruisers Yachts is recognized as one of the world’s premier manufacturers of premium sport yacht and yachts, producing models from 33’ to 60’ feet. Intrepid Powerboats, also a wholly-owned MarineMax subsidiary, is a producer of customized boats, which incorporate the desires of each individual owner. Intrepid Powerboats follows a direct-to-consumer distribution model and has received many awards and accolades for its innovations and high-quality craftsmanship that create industry leading products in their categories.
In October 2022, we completed the acquisition of IGY Marinas. In December 2022, we acquired Midcoast Construction Enterprises, LLC ("Midcoast Marine Group"), a leading full-service marine construction company based on Central Florida's Gulf Coast. In January 2023, we acquired Boatzon, a boat and marine digital retail platform, through our recently formed technology entity, New Wave Innovations. In June 2023, we acquired C&C Boat Works, a full-service boat dealer in Crosslake, Minnesota. In October 2023, we acquired Atalanta Golden Yachts ("AGY"), a luxury charter management agency based in Athens, Greece. In March 2024, we acquired Williams Tenders USA (“Williams”), a premier distributor and retailer for UK-based Williams Jet Tenders Ltd., the world’s leading manufacturer of rigid inflatable jet tenders for the luxury yacht market. In March 2024, we also acquired Native Marine, a boat dealer based in Islamorada, Florida. In October 2024, our Cruisers Yachts subsidiary assumed the rights to MasterCraft's Aviara brand of luxury dayboats.
We are the largest retailer of Sea Ray and Boston Whaler recreational boats which are manufactured by Brunswick Corporation (“Brunswick”). Sales of new Brunswick boats accounted for approximately 20% of our revenue in fiscal 2024. Sales of new Sea Ray and Boston Whaler boats, both divisions of Brunswick, accounted for approximately 9% and 9%, respectively, of our revenue in fiscal 2024. Brunswick is a world leading manufacturer of marine products and marine engines. We have agreements with Brunswick covering Sea Ray products and Boston Whaler products and are the exclusive dealer of Sea Ray and Boston Whaler boats in almost all of our geographic markets. Additionally, we are the exclusive dealer for Harris aluminum boats, a division of Brunswick, in many of our geographic markets. We also are the exclusive dealer for Italy-based Azimut-Benetti Group, or Azimut, for Azimut and Benetti mega-yachts, yachts, and other recreational boats for the United States. Sales of new Azimut boats and yachts accounted for approximately
8% of our revenue in fiscal 2024. Additionally, we are the exclusive dealer for certain other premium brands that serve certain industry segments in our markets as shown by the table on page three.
We also are involved in other boating-related activities. We sell used boats at our retail locations, online, and at various third-party marinas and other offsite locations; we sell marine engines and propellers, primarily to our retail customers as replacements for their existing engines and propellers; we sell a broad variety of parts and accessories at our retail locations and at various offsite locations, and through our print catalog; we offer maintenance, repair, and slip and storage rentals at most of our retail locations; we offer finance and insurance products at most of our retail locations and at various offsite locations and to our customers and independent boat dealers and brokers; we offer boat and yacht brokerage sales at most of our retail locations and at various offsite locations; and we conduct a charter business, which is based in the British Virgin Islands, in which we offer customers the opportunity to charter third-party and Company owned power catamarans.
MarineMax commenced operations as a result of the March 1, 1998 acquisition of five previously independent recreational boat dealers. Since that time, we have acquired 35 additional previously independent recreational boat dealers, multiple marinas, five boat brokerage operations, six superyacht service companies, two full-service yacht repair operations, and two boat and yacht manufacturers. We attempt to capitalize on the experience and success of the acquired companies in order to establish a high standard of customer service and responsiveness in the highly fragmented retail boating industry. As a result of our emphasis on premium brand boats, our average selling price for a new boat in fiscal 2024 was approximately $327,000, an increase from approximately $306,000 in fiscal 2023, compared with the industry average selling price for calendar 2023 of approximately $90,000 based on industry data published by the National Marine Manufacturers Association. We consider a store to be one or more retail locations that are adjacent or operate as one entity or a superyacht services region. Same-store sales include all stores that were open and operated throughout both the current and comparative prior period. Our same-store sales increased 5% in fiscal 2022, decreased 2% in fiscal 2023, and increased 1% in fiscal 2024.
The U.S. recreational boating industry generated approximately $57.7 billion in retail sales in calendar 2023, which is below the former peak of $59.3 billion in calendar 2022. These retail sales include sales of new and used boats; marine products, such as engines, trailers, equipment, and accessories; and related expenditures, such as fuel, insurance, docking, storage, and repairs. Retail sales of new and used boats, engines, trailers, and accessories accounted for approximately $45.4 billion of these sales in 2023 based on industry data from the National Marine Manufacturers Association. The highly-fragmented retail boating industry generally consists of small dealers that operate in a single market and provide varying degrees of merchandising, professional management, and customer service. We believe that many small dealers find it increasingly difficult to make the managerial and capital commitments necessary to achieve higher customer service levels and upgrade systems and facilities as required by boat manufacturers and often demanded by customers. We also believe that many dealers lack an exit strategy for their owners. We believe these factors contribute to our opportunity to gain a competitive advantage in current and future markets, through market expansions and acquisitions.
Material Updates to Our Strategy
Our business strategy is focused on achieving sustainable, profitable growth and improving operational efficiency through the development of strong customer relationships and an expanded global presence within the recreational marine market. Established in 1988 as a U.S.-based recreational boat and yacht dealership, more recently, starting in 2019, we have broadened our international footprint and diversified our asset portfolio through strategic acquisitions of higher-margin businesses within the marine industry. Our portfolio includes a wide array of marine services, such as marina operations, storage solutions, finance and insurance services, superyacht brokerage and chartering, construction, boat manufacturing, and digital technology platforms. IGY Marinas (“IGY”), which we believe to be the only global marina operator, provides a network of marina locations across the Americas, the Caribbean, Europe, and Asia. Many of our revenue streams, including IGY, reinforce our vertically integrated model and allow us to support customers across the entire recreational marine value chain.
We further advanced our growth strategy in fiscal 2024, acquiring a controlling interest in Atalanta Golden Yachts (“AGY”), a prominent yacht charter management company in Greece. This acquisition complements our existing superyacht brokerage and luxury yacht offerings. We also enhanced the operational efficiencies of our superyacht brands by establishing a SuperYacht Division, which consolidates back-office functions across AGY, Fraser Yachts, Northrop & Johnson, Fairport Yacht Management, and SuperYacht Management, creating a unified support infrastructure. In addition, we acquired Williams , a leading distributor and retailer of rigid inflatable jet tenders for the luxury yacht market. And in August 2024, we executed an asset exchange agreement with MasterCraft Boat Holdings, Inc., securing exclusive rights to the Aviara brand of luxury dayboats.
Further, in fiscal 2024, we continued to advance our digital technology initiatives. Through platforms such as Boatzon and Boatyard, which are proprietary customer experience solutions tailored for the marine industry, and with the support of our technology-focused entity, New Wave Innovations, we aim to enhance customer engagement and drive additional value across our portfolio.
Development of the Company; Expansion of Business
Since our initial acquisitions in March 1998, we have acquired 35 additional previously independent recreational boat dealers, multiple marinas, five boat brokerage operations, six superyacht service companies, two full-service yacht repair operations, and two boat and yacht manufacturers. Acquired dealers operate under the MarineMax name.
We continually attempt to enhance our business by providing a full range of services, offering extensive and high-quality product lines, maintaining prime retail locations, pursuing the MarineMax One Price hassle-free sales approach, and emphasizing a high level of customer service and satisfaction.
We also from time to time evaluate opportunities to expand our operations by potentially acquiring recreational boat dealers to expand our geographic scope, expanding our product lines, opening new retail locations within or outside our existing territories, and offering new products and services for our customers and by potentially acquiring companies to pursue contract manufacturing or vertical integration strategies.
Apart from acquisitions and our superyacht service locations, we have opened 35 new retail locations in existing territories, excluding those opened on a temporary basis for a specific purpose. We also monitor the performance of our retail locations and close retail locations that do not meet our expectations. Based on these factors and previous depressed economic conditions, we have closed 82 retail locations since March 1998 which includes the 2008 financial crisis, excluding those opened on a temporary basis for a specific purpose and including 7 during the last three fiscal years.
The following table sets forth information regarding the businesses and assets that we have acquired and their geographic regions from fiscal year 2011 through September 30, 2024.
Acquired Companies
Acquisition Date
Geographic Region
Treasure Island Marina, LLC
February 2011
Florida Panhandle
Bassett Marine, LLC
September 2012
Connecticut, Rhode Island and Western Massachusetts
Parker Boat Company
March 2013
Central Florida
Ocean Alexander Yachts
April 2014
Eastern United States
Bahia Mar Marina
January 2016
Florida Panhandle
Russo Marine
April 2016
Eastern Massachusetts and Rhode Island
Hall Marine Group
January 2017
North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia
Island Marine Center
January 2018
New Jersey
Tera Miranda
April 2018
Oklahoma
Bay Pointe Marina
September 2018
Massachusetts
Sail & Ski Center
April 2019
Texas
Fraser Yachts Group
July 2019
Worldwide
Boatyard, Inc.
February 2020
Worldwide
Northrop & Johnson
July 2020
Worldwide
Private Insurance Services
July 2020
Worldwide
SkipperBud’s & Silver Seas Yachts
October 2020
Great Lakes region and West Coast United States
Cruisers Yachts
May 2021
Worldwide
Nisswa Marine
July 2021
Minnesota
Intrepid Powerboats
November 2021
Worldwide
Texas MasterCraft
November 2021
Texas
Superyacht Management, S.A.R.L.
April 2022
France
Endeavour Marina
August 2022
Texas
IGY Marinas
October 2022
Worldwide
Midcoast Marine Group
December 2022
Florida
Boatzon
January 2023
Worldwide
C&C Boat Works
June 2023
Minnesota
Atalanta Global Yachts
October 2023
Worldwide
Williams Tenders USA
January 2024
Worldwide
Native Marine
March 2024
Florida Keys
Aviara
October 2024
Worldwide
In addition to acquiring recreational boat dealers, superyacht service companies, boat manufacturers, marinas, and opening new retail locations, we also add new product lines to expand our operations. The following table sets forth certain of our current product lines that we have added to our existing locations during the years indicated.
Product Line
Fiscal Year
Current Geographic Regions
Boston Whaler
West Central Florida, Stuart, Florida, and Dallas, Texas
Grady-White
Houston, Texas
Boston Whaler
2004-2005
North and South Carolina (2004), Houston, Texas (2005)
Azimut
Northeast United States from Maryland to Maine
Boston Whaler
New York
Grady-White
2006-2010
Pensacola, Florida (2006), Jacksonville, Florida (2010)
Azimut
Florida
Boston Whaler
2009-2012
Southwest Florida (2009), Pompano Beach, Florida (2012)
Harris
Missouri, Minnesota, and New Jersey
Nautique by Correct Craft
West Central Florida and Minnesota
Harris
2011-2012
West Central Florida (2011), Alabama (2012), North and Southwest Florida (2012), and Texas (2012)
Azimut
United States other than where previously held
Scout
Southeast Florida, Maryland, and New Jersey
Sailfish
New Jersey
Ocean Alexander Yachts
Eastern United States
Scout
Texas, New York
Aquila
North America, South America and Caribbean
Galeon
North America, Central America, and South America
Grady-White
Miami, Florida
Boston Whaler
Parts of Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island
Yamaha Jet Boats
Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina
Bennington
South Carolina
Mastercraft
2018-2021
South Carolina (2018), Wisconsin and Illinois (2021)
MJM Yachts
Florida, Missouri, Massachusetts, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia
Bayliner
2019-2021
Texas (2019); Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan and Ohio (2021)
Barletta
Wisconsin, Illinois, Detroit, and Michigan
Four Winns
Wisconsin, Illinois, Ohio and Detroit, Michigan
Harris
Wisconsin, Illinois, Grand Rapids, Michigan and Ohio
Sea Ray
Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, and Ohio
Starcraft
Wisconsin, Illinois & Michigan
Sylvan
Wisconsin, Illinois, & Eastern Michigan
Tiara
Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, California & Ohio
Princess
California and Seattle, Washington
Yamaha Jet Boats
Wisconsin
Edgewater
Newport Beach, California
Gran Turismo
Michigan and Ohio
Antares
Michigan and Ohio
Beneteau Flyer
Michigan and Ohio
Cruisers Yachts (1)
Worldwide
Chris-Craft, Moomba, Supra
Minnesota
Saxdor
North America
Bertram
United States and Canada with certain exceptions
Premier
2021-2022
Minnesota (2021), Texas (2022)
Mastercraft
2021-2022
Wisconsin and Illinois (2021), Minnesota (2021), North Texas (2022)
Boston Whaler
Minnesota
Intrepid Powerboats (1)
Worldwide
Wider Yachts
North America
World Cat
Wisconsin, Illinois, & Michigan
Cobalt
Minnesota
Premier
Georgia
Boston Whaler
North Carolina and South Carolina
Aviara (1)
2019-2024
United States (2019), Worldwide (2024)
(1)Product line owned by MarineMax
We add brands with the intent to either offer a migration path for our existing customer base or fill a gap in our product offerings. As a result, we believe that new brands we offer are generally complementary and do not negatively impact the business generated from our other prominent brands. We also discontinue offering product lines from time to time, primarily based upon customer preferences.
We strive to maintain our core values of high customer service and satisfaction and plan to continue to pursue strategies that we believe will enable us to achieve long-term success and growth. We believe our expanded product offerings have strengthened our same-store sales growth. We plan to further expand our business through both acquisitions in new territories and new store openings in existing territories. In addition, we plan to continue to expand our other traditional services, including conducting used boat sales at our retail locations, at offsite locations, and digitally; selling related marine products, including engines, trailers, parts, and accessories at our retail locations and at various offsite locations; providing maintenance, repair, and storage services at most of our retail locations; offering
our customers the ability to finance new or used boat purchases and to purchase extended service contracts and arrange insurance coverage, including boat property, disability, undercoating, gel sealant, fabric protection, trailer tire and wheel protection, and casualty insurance coverage; offering boat and yacht brokerage sales at most of our retail locations and at various offsite locations; offering boat storage; conducting our yacht charter business; and manufacturing sport yacht and yachts. Our expansion plans will depend, in large part, upon economic and industry conditions.
U.S. Recreational Boating Industry
The U.S. recreational boating industry generated approximately $57.7 billion in retail sales in calendar 2023, which is below the former peak of $59.3 billion in calendar 2022. The retail sales include sales of new and used recreational boats; marine products, such as engines, trailers, parts, and accessories; and related boating expenditures, such as fuel, insurance, docking, storage, and repairs. Retail sales of new and used boats, engines, trailers, equipment, and accessories accounted for approximately $45.4 billion of such sales in calendar 2023. To provide historical perspective, annual retail recreational boating sales were $17.9 billion in 1988, but declined to a low of $10.3 billion in 1992 based on industry data published by the National Marine Manufacturers Association. We believe this decline was attributable to several factors, including a recession, the Gulf War, and the imposition throughout 1991 and 1992 of a luxury tax on boats sold at prices in excess of $100,000. The luxury tax was repealed in 1993, and retail boating sales increased each year thereafter except for 1998, 2003, and 2007 through 2010. We believe recreational boating has a natural appeal to consumers, along with other outdoor activities, and that the recreational boating market will continue to grow in favorable economic conditions absent any unusual industry headwinds (see Risk Factors).
The recreational boat retail market remains highly fragmented with little consolidation having occurred to date and consists of numerous boat retailers, most of which are small companies owned by individuals that operate in a single market and provide varying degrees of merchandising, professional management, and customer service. We believe that many boat retailers are encountering increased pressure from boat manufacturers to improve their levels of service and systems, increased competition from larger national retailers in certain product lines, and, in certain cases, business succession issues.
Products and Services
We offer new and used recreational boats and related marine products, including engines, trailers, parts, and accessories. While we sell a broad range of new and used boats, we focus on premium brand products. In addition, we assist in arranging related boat financing, insurance, and extended service contracts; provide boat maintenance and repair services; offer slip and storage accommodations; provide boat and yacht brokerage sales; and conduct a yacht charter business.
New Boat Sales
We primarily sell recreational boats, including pleasure boats and fishing boats. A number of the products we offer are manufactured by Brunswick, a leading worldwide manufacturer of recreational boats and yachts, including Sea Ray pleasure boats, Boston Whaler fishing boats, and Harris aluminum boats. Sales of new Brunswick boats accounted for approximately 20% of our revenue in fiscal 2024. Sales of new Sea Ray and Boston Whaler boats accounted for approximately 9% and 9%, respectively, of our revenue in fiscal 2024. Certain of our dealerships also sell luxury yachts, fishing boats, and pontoon boats provided by other manufacturers, including Italy-based Azimut. Sales of new Azimut boats and yachts accounted for approximately 8% of our revenue in fiscal 2024. Cruisers Yachts, a wholly-owned MarineMax subsidiary, manufactures sport yacht and yachts with sales through our select retail dealership locations and through independent dealers. Intrepid Powerboats, a MarineMax company, manufactures powerboats and sells through a direct-to-consumer model. During fiscal 2024, new boat sales, including sales of Cruisers Yachts and Intrepid Powerboats, accounted for approximately 66.6% or $1.6198 billion of our revenue.
We offer recreational boats in most market segments, but have a particular focus on premium quality pleasure boats and yachts as reflected by our fiscal 2024 average new boat sales price of approximately $327,000, an increase from approximately $306,000 in fiscal 2023, compared with an estimated industry average selling price for calendar 2023 of approximately $90,000 based on industry data published by the National Marine Manufacturers Association. Given our locations in some of the more affluent, offshore-oriented boating areas in the United States and emphasis on high levels of customer service, we sell a relatively higher percentage of large recreational boats, such as mega-yachts, yachts, and sport cruisers. We believe that the product lines we offer are among the highest quality within their respective market segments, with well-established trade-name recognition and reputations for quality, performance, and style.
The following table is illustrative of the range and approximate manufacturer suggested retail price range of new boats that we currently offer, but is not all inclusive.
Product Line and Trade Name
Overall Length
Manufacturer Suggested
Retail Price Range
E-Power Yachts
Wider Yachts
92' to 230'
10,000,000+
Motor Yachts
Azimut
42' to 120'+
1,600,000 to 26,000,000+
Ocean Alexander Yachts
88’ to 120’+
10,00,000 to 25,000,000+
Princess
35' to 95'+
700,000 to 10,000,000+
Yacht Tenders
Williams Jet Tenders
9’ to 20’
30,000 to 250,000+
Pleasure Boats
Sea Ray
19’ to 40’
58,000 to 1,200,000+
Bayliner
15' to 24'
20,000 to 110,000
Cobalt
23' to 35'
110,000 to 500,000
Chris-Craft
24' to 28'
220,000 to 330,000
Aquila
28’ to 72’
300,000 to 7,000,000+
Galeon
32’ to 80’
750,000 to 8,500,000+
Saxdor
20' to 40'
50,000 to 600,000
MJM Yachts
35’ to 50’+
700,000 to 2,000,000+
Aviara (1)
28’ to 40’
250,000 to 1,300,000+
Cruisers Yachts (1)
34' to 60'
700,000 to 3,800,000+
Tiara
34' to 60'
600,000 to 3,500,000+
Four Winns
20' to 38'
60,000 to 600,000+
Intrepid Powerboats (1)
30' to 51'
330,000 to 2,000,000+
Pontoon Boats
Harris
19’ to 30’
50,000 to 250,000+
Crest
20’ to 27’
50,000 to 250,000+
Bennington
17’ to 30’
30,000 to 350,000
Barletta
20' to 28'
60,000 to 250,000
Premier
21' to 33'
50,000 to 375,000
Starcraft
18' to 25'
25,000 to 100,000
Sylvan
18' to 25'
25,000 to 100,000
Fishing Boats
Boston Whaler
13’ to 42’
25,000 to 2,000,000+
Bertram
28' to 39'
350,000 to 1,300,000
Grady White
18’ to 45’
80,000 to 1,900,000
Scout
17’ to 53’
50,000 to 3,500,000+
Sailfish
19’ to 36’
120,000 to 700,000+
Ski Boats
Nautique by Correct Craft
20’ to 25’
170,000 to 525,000+
Mastercraft
20’ to 26’
140,000 to 430,000
Jet Boats
Yamaha Jet Boats
19’ to 27’
40,000 to 160,000
(1)Product line owned by MarineMax
E-Power Yachts. Italian-made Wider Yachts manufactures electric yachts with performance and exceptional quality in mind. From its line of superyachts to express cruisers, electric catamarans, and new builds, Wider Yachts offers a number of features.
Motor Yachts. Ocean Alexander Yachts, Azimut and Princess are three of the world’s premier yacht builders. The motor yacht product lines typically include state-of-the-art designs with live-aboard luxuries. Azimut yachts are known for their Americanized open layout with Italian design and powerful performance. The luxurious interiors of Azimut yachts are accented by windows and multiple accommodations that have been designed for comfort. Ocean Alexander Yachts are known for their excellent engineering, performance, and functionality combined with luxuries typically found on larger mega yachts. Princess yachts are a leading British luxury yacht manufacturer with attention to detail, design, and performance.
Yacht Tenders. Williams Jet Tenders is the world’s leading manufacturer of rigid inflatable jet tenders for the luxury yacht market. We believe Williams Jet Tenders is a name synonymous with unparalleled luxury in the European and American yacht industry, that blends quality, style and service, and is known for its safe versatile jet propulsion system.
Pleasure Boats. Sea Ray pleasure boats target both the luxury and the family recreational boating markets and come in a variety of configurations designed to suit each customer’s particular recreational boating style. Sea Ray pleasure boats feature custom instrumentation that may include an electronics package; various hull, deck, and cockpit designs that can include a swim platform; bow pulpit and raised bridge; and various amenities, such as swivel bucket helm seats, lounge seats, sun pads, wet bars, built-in ice chests, and refreshment centers. Most Sea Ray pleasure boats feature Mercury or MerCruiser engines. Sea Ray is the world's leading creator of superior quality pleasure boats, offering a variety of hulls with versatility in each model. We believe Bayliner offers quality materials, and features dedicated storage spaces, optimal performance and efficiency engines and quality electronics, ensuring accurate navigation. Cobalt Boats, an American manufacturer of recreational boats, has found continued success through investments in innovation and manufacturing capability. Chris-Craft is an American boat manufacturer which primarily produces classic wooden boats built with high quality materials. Each boat is crafted by highly experienced and detail-oriented designers to achieve timeless beauty and passenger comfort. Galeon specializes in luxury yacht and motorboats with over thirty years of experience and is one of Europe’s leading and premier boat manufacturers. We believe Galeon yachts combine the latest technology, hand crafted excellence, attention to detail, superb performance, and great innovative designs with modern styling and convenience. Aquila power catamarans provide form, function, and offer practicality and comfort with innovation. Saxdor Yachts is a Finnish premium boat producer whose philosophy can be described as a combination of Italian cutting-edge design, American functionality, German quality, French competitive pricing and the Scandinavian way of boating. MJM Yachts combine speed, performance, greater stability, innovative designs and layouts, along with comforts and space for entertaining in addition to a patent protected MJM signature look. Aviara is focused on the production of vessels 30-feet and over with the goal of creating an elevated open water experience by fusing progressive style, comfort, and luxury. Cruisers Yachts is continuously building innovative, quality, hand-crafted, American made sport yacht and yachts with the stylish and luxurious Cantius series of boats as well as sleek and powerful outboard models. Tiara Yachts manufactures handcrafted, American-made luxury yachts designed for performance and comfort. Four Winns manufactures quality runabouts, bowriders, yachts and tow sport boats. Intrepid Powerboats uses advanced composite construction to make each boat unique to its owner as well as stronger, faster and more fuel-efficient to deliver a safe, smooth, dry ride on the water.
Pontoon Boats. Harris is a pontoon industry leader and offers a variety of some of the most innovative, luxurious, and premium pontoon models to fit boaters’ needs. Harris is known for exceptional performance combined with a stable and safe platform. Crest provides a variety of pontoon models that are designed to provide high levels of quality, safety, style and comfort to meet family recreational needs. Bennington offers what we believe to be industry leading design, craftsmanship, and a quiet, smooth, ride. Barletta offers quality construction, simple yet refined models, and customer focused amenities. Premier designs and manufactures world-class pontoons, featuring luxury furniture, creative seating configurations, premium flooring, and premium technology for navigational and recreational purposes. Starcraft is a leading boat manufacturer with a long history of continuous improvements to fiberglass hull design and a dedication to providing pontoon, runabouts, and deck boat models for families and watersport enthusiasts. Sylvan builds quality, innovative, high performance pontoon boats. With a variety of designs and options, the pontoon boats we offer appeal to a broad audience of pontoon boat enthusiasts and existing customers.
Fishing Boats. The fishing boats we offer, such as Boston Whaler, Bertram, Grady-White, Scout, and Sailfish, range from entry level models to advanced models designed for fishing and water sports in lakes, bays, and off-shore waters, with cabins with limited live-aboard capability. The fishing boats typically feature livewells, in-deck fishboxes, rodholders, rigging stations, cockpit coaming pads, and fresh and saltwater washdowns.
Ski Boats. The ski boats we offer are Nautique by Correct Craft and Mastercraft, which range from entry level models to advanced models and all of which are designed to achieve an ultimate wake for increased skiing, surfing, and wakeboarding performance and safety. With a variety of designs and options, Nautique and Mastercraft ski boats appeal to the competitive and recreational user alike.
Jet Boats. Yamaha jet boats are designed to offer a reliable, high performing, internal propulsion system with superior handling. Yamaha is a worldwide leader in jet boats. With a variety of designs and options, the jet boats we offer appeal to a broad audience of jet boat enthusiasts and existing customers.
Used Boat Sales
We sell used versions of the new makes and models we offer and, to a lesser extent, used boats of other makes and models generally taken as trade-ins. During fiscal 2024, used boat sales accounted for 9.7% or approximately $236.1 million of our revenue.
Our used boat sales depend on our ability to source a supply of high-quality used boats at attractive prices. We acquire substantially all of our used boat inventory through customer trade-ins. We strive to increase our used boat business through the availability of quality used boat trade-ins generated from our new boat sales efforts, which are well-maintained through our service initiatives. Additionally, substantially all of our used boat inventory is posted on our digital properties, which expands the awareness and availability of our products to a large audience of boating enthusiasts. We also sell used boats at various marinas and other offsite locations throughout the country.
To further enhance our used boat sales, we offer extended warranty plans generally available for used boats less than nine years old. The extended warranty plans apply to each qualifying used boat, which has passed a 48-point inspection, and provides protection against failure of most mechanical parts for up to three years. We believe this type of program enhances our sales of used boats by motivating purchasers of used boats to complete their purchases through our dealerships.
Marine Engines, Related Marine Equipment, and Boating Parts and Accessories
We offer marine engines and equipment, predominantly manufactured by Mercury Marine, a division of Brunswick, and Yamaha. We sell marine engines and propellers primarily to retail customers as replacements for their existing engines or propellers. Mercury Marine and Yamaha have introduced various new engine models that are designed to reduce engine emissions to comply with current United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) requirements. See “Business - Governmental Regulations, including Environmental Regulations.” Industry leaders, Mercury Marine and Yamaha, specialize in state-of-the-art marine propulsion systems and accessories. Many of our dealerships have been recognized by Mercury Marine as “Premier Service Dealers”. This designation is generally awarded based on meeting certain standards and qualifications.
We also sell a broad variety of marine parts and accessories at our retail locations, at various offsite locations, and through our print catalog. These marine parts and accessories include marine electronics; dock and anchoring products, such as boat fenders, lines, and anchors; boat covers; trailer parts; water sport accessories, such as tubes, lines, wakeboards, and skis; engine parts; oils; lubricants; steering and control systems; corrosion control products and service products; high-performance accessories, such as propellers and instruments; and a complete line of boating accessories, including life jackets, inflatables, and water sports equipment. We also offer novelty items, such as shirts, caps, and license plates bearing the manufacturer’s or dealer’s logos. In all of our parts and accessories business, we utilize our industry knowledge and experience to offer boating enthusiasts high-quality products with which we have experience.
The sale of marine engines, related marine equipment, and boating parts and accessories, which are all tangible products, accounted for approximately 4.5% or $109.0 million of our fiscal 2024 revenue.
Maintenance, Repair, and Storage Services
Providing customers with professional, prompt maintenance and repair services is critical to our sales efforts and contributes to our success. We provide maintenance and repair services at most of our retail locations, with extended service hours at certain of our locations. In addition, in many of our markets, we provide mobile maintenance and repair services at the location of the customer’s boat. We believe that this service commitment is a competitive advantage in the markets in which we compete and is critical to our efforts to provide a trouble-free boating experience. To further this commitment, in certain of our markets, we have opened stand-alone maintenance and repair facilities in locations that are more convenient for our customers and that increase the availability of such services. We also believe that our maintenance and repair services contribute to strong customer relationships and that our emphasis on preventative maintenance and quality service increases the potential supply of well-maintained boats for our used boat sales.
We perform both warranty and non-warranty repair services, with the cost of warranty work reimbursed by the manufacturer in accordance with the manufacturer’s warranty reimbursement program. For warranty work, most manufacturers, including Brunswick, reimburse a percentage of the dealer’s posted service labor rates, with the percentage varying depending on the dealer’s customer satisfaction index rating and attendance at service training courses. We derive the majority of our warranty revenue from Brunswick products, as Brunswick products comprise the largest percentage of our products sold. Certain other manufacturers reimburse warranty work at a fixed amount per repair. Because boat manufacturers permit warranty work to be performed only at authorized dealerships, we receive substantially all of the warranted maintenance and repair work required for the new boats we sell. The third-party extended warranty contracts we offer also result in an ongoing demand for our maintenance and repair services for the duration of the term of the extended warranty contract.
Our maintenance and repair services are performed by manufacturer-trained and certified service technicians. In charging for our mechanics’ labor, many of our dealerships use a variable rate structure designed to reflect the difficulty and sophistication of different types of repairs. The percentage markups on parts are similarly based on manufacturer suggested prices and market conditions for different parts.
At many of our locations, we offer boat storage services, including in-water slip storage and inside and outside land storage. These storage services are offered at competitive market rates and include both in-season and out-of-season storage. In October 2022, we completed the acquisition of IGY Marinas. IGY Marinas maintains a network of luxury marinas situated in yachting and sport fishing destinations around the world. IGY Marinas has high standards for service and quality in nautical tourism. It offers a global network of marinas in the Americas, the Caribbean, Europe, and Asia, delivering year-round accommodations. IGY Marinas caters to a wide variety of luxury yachts, while also being exclusive home ports for some of the world’s largest megayachts.
Maintenance, repair, rent, and storage services accounted for approximately 9.7% or $236.5 million of our revenue during fiscal 2024 of which, approximately 3.0% or $72.3 million related to repair services, approximately 1.3% or $31.9 million related to parts and accessories for repairs, and approximately 5.4% or $132.3 million related to income from rent and storage service rentals.
F&I Products
At each of our retail locations, various offsite locations, and through Newcoast Financial Services, where applicable, we offer our customers the ability to finance new or used boat purchases and to purchase extended service contracts and arrange insurance coverage, including boat property, disability, undercoating, gel sealant, fabric protection, trailer tire and wheel protection, and casualty insurance coverage (collectively, “F&I”). We have relationships with various national marine product lenders under which the lenders purchase retail installment contracts evidencing retail sales of boats and other marine products that are originated by us in accordance with existing pre-sale agreements between us and the lenders. These arrangements permit us to receive a portion of the finance charges expected to be earned on the retail installment contract based on a variety of factors, including the credit standing of the buyer, the annual percentage rate of the contract charged to the buyer, and the lender’s then current minimum required annual percentage rate charged to the buyer on the contract. This participation is subject to repayment by us if the buyer prepays the contract or defaults within a designated time period, usually 0 to 180 days. To the extent required by applicable state law, our dealerships are licensed to originate and sell retail installment contracts financing the sale of boats and other marine products.
We also offer third-party extended service contracts under which, for a predetermined price, we provide all designated services pursuant to the service contract guidelines during the contract term at no additional charge to the customer above a deductible. While we sell all new boats with the boat manufacturer’s standard hull and engine warranty, extended service contracts provide additional coverage beyond the time frame or scope of the manufacturer’s warranty. Purchasers of used boats generally are able to purchase an extended service contract, even if the selected boat is no longer covered by the manufacturer’s warranty. Generally, we receive a fee for arranging an extended service contract. Most required services under the contracts are provided by us and paid for by the third-party contract holder. Since fiscal 2021, we have partnered with a third-party F&I product provider to offer prepaid maintenance plans for select, new models.
We also are able to assist our customers with obtaining property and casualty insurance which covers loss or damage to the vessel. We provide worldwide yacht insurance programs for brokerage houses, yacht management groups, and maritime attorneys. We utilize expertise in complex underwriting, including understanding the exposure of an owner, captain, crew, guests, tenders and navigation to provide clients with uniquely designed protection so customers can cruise confidently.
During fiscal 2024, fee income generated from F&I products accounted for approximately 3.1% or $74.5 million of our revenue. We believe that our customers’ ability to obtain competitive financing quickly and easily at our dealerships complements our ability to sell new and used boats. We also believe our ability to provide customer-tailored financing on a “same-day” basis gives us an advantage over many of our competitors, particularly smaller competitors that lack the resources to arrange boat financing at their dealerships or that do not generate sufficient volume to attract the diversity of financing sources that are available to us.
Brokerage Sales
Through employees or subcontractors that are licensed boat or yacht brokers where applicable, we offer boat or yacht brokerage sales at most of our retail locations. For a commission, we offer for sale brokered boats or yachts, listing them digitally on various sites, advising our other retail locations of their availability through our integrated computer system, and posting them on our website, www.MarineMax.com. Often sales are co-brokered, with the commission split between the buying and selling brokers. We believe that our access to potential used boat customers and methods of listing and advertising customers’ brokered boats or yachts is more extensive than is typical among brokers. In addition to generating revenue from brokerage commissions, our brokerage sales also enable us to offer a broad array of used boats or yachts without increasing related inventory costs. Also, through Fraser Yachts Group and Northrop & Johnson, we offer yacht and superyacht brokerage. During fiscal 2024, brokerage sales commissions accounted for approximately 4.7% or $114.0 million of our revenue.
Our brokerage customers generally receive the same high level of customer service as our new and used boat customers. Our waterfront retail locations enable in-water demonstrations of an on-site brokered boat. Our maintenance and repair services, including mobile service, also are generally available to our brokerage customers. Generally, the purchaser of a boat brokered through us also can take advantage of MarineMax Getaways!® weekend and day trips and other rendezvous gatherings and in-water events, as well as boat operation and safety seminars. We believe that the array of services we offer are unique in the brokerage business.
Yacht Charter
In 2011 we launched a yacht charter business in which we offer customers the opportunity to charter catamarans in exotic destinations, starting with our initial location in the British Virgin Islands. In this business, we sell specifically designed yachts to third parties for inclusion in our yacht charter fleet; enter into yacht management agreements under which yacht owners enable us to put their yachts in our yacht charter program for a period of several years for a fixed monthly fee payable by us, or a variable monthly fee based on charter revenue payable by us or payable to us depending on revenue earned during the month; provide our services in storing, insuring, and maintaining their yachts; and charter these yachts to vacation customers at agreed fees payable to us. The yacht owners are able to utilize the yachts for personal use for a designated number of weeks during the terms of the management agreement and take possession of their yachts following the expiration of the yacht management agreements.
In addition to the specific business we launched in the British Virgin Islands, we also offer yacht charter services. For a fee, we assist yacht owners in the charter of their vessel by third-parties. Additionally, through Fraser Yachts Group and Northrop & Johnson, we offer yacht and superyacht chartering, charter management, yacht management, crew placement, new boat build oversight services and other luxury yacht services. During fiscal 2024, the income from rentals of chartering power yachts, yacht charter fees, and other charter services accounted for approximately 1.7% or $41.2 million of our revenue.
Offsite Sales
We sell used boats, offer F&I products, and sell parts and accessories at various third-party offsite locations, including marinas.
Product Manufacturing
Cruisers Yachts, a wholly-owned MarineMax subsidiary, manufactures sport yacht and yachts with sales through our select retail dealership locations and through independent dealers. Cruisers Yachts is recognized as one of the world’s premier manufacturers of premium sport yacht and yachts, producing models from 33’ to 60’ feet. Additionally, Cruisers Yachts has assumed the rights to MasterCraft’s Aviara brand of luxury day boats. Intrepid Powerboats, also a wholly-owned MarineMax subsidiary, is recognized as a world class producer of customized boats, reflecting the unique desires of each individual owner. Intrepid Powerboats follows a direct-to-consumer distribution model.
Retail Locations
We sell our recreational boats and other marine products and offer our related boat services through over 75 retail locations in Alabama, California, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas, Washington and Wisconsin. Each retail location generally includes an indoor showroom (including some of the industry’s largest indoor boat showrooms) and an outside area for displaying boat inventories; a business office to assist customers in arranging financing and insurance; maintenance and repair facilities; and, at certain retail locations, boat storage services, including in-water slip storage and inside and outside land storage.
Many of our retail locations are waterfront properties on some of the nation’s most popular boating locations. Our waterfront retail locations, most of which include marina-type facilities and docks at which we display our yachts and boats, are easily accessible to the boating populace, serve as in-water showrooms, and enable the sales force to give customers immediate in-water demonstrations of
various boat models. Most of our other locations are in close proximity to water. The following table sets forth certain of our waterfront properties.
State
Waterfront properties
California
Newport Bay
San Diego Bay
Richardson Bay
Connecticut
Norwalk Harbor
Westbrook Harbor
Florida
Intracoastal Waterway
Atlantic Ocean
Boca Ciega Bay
Caloosahatchee River
Naples Bay
Tampa Bay
Pensacola Bay
Saint Andrews Bay
Florida Keys
Georgia
Lake Lanier
Wilmington River
Illinois
Lake Michigan
Lake Marie
Maryland
Chesapeake Bay
Massachusetts
Town River
Michigan
Saginaw River
Lake St. Clair
Cass Lake
Spring Lake
Lake Fenton
Minnesota
Lake Minnetonka
Cross Lake
Missouri
Lake of the Ozarks
New Jersey
Barnegat Bay
Manasquan River
Little Egg Harbor Bay
New York
Huntington Harbor
North Carolina
Masonboro Inlet
Ohio
Lake Erie
Oklahoma
Grand Lake
Rhode Island
Newport Harbor
South Carolina
Lake Wylie
Texas
Clear Lake
Lake Lewisville
Washington
Lake Union
Wisconsin
Sturgeon Bay
Lake Mendota
Kinnickinnic River
Lake Butte Des Mortes
Additionally, through IGY Marinas we own and manage luxury marinas situated around the world. The following table sets forth certain of our owned and managed luxury marinas.
Location
Luxury Marinas
Colombia
Marina Santa Marta
Costa Rica
Marina Bahia Golfito
England
St. Katharine Docks
France
IGY Sète Marina
IGY Vieux - Port de Cannes
Italy, Sardinia
IGY Portisco Marina
Marina Di Porto Cervo
Mexico
Marina Cabo San Lucas
Panama
Red Frog Beach Island Marina
Providenciales, Turks & Caicos
Blue Haven Marina
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Sindalah Marina
Spain
IGY Málaga Marina
Málaga San Andres Marina
IGY Ibiza Marina
St. Maarten
Yacht Club Isle de Sol
Simpson Bay Marina
St. Lucia
Rodney Bay Marina
United States, Florida
Yacht Haven Grande Miami at Island Gardens
Maximo Marina, St. Petersburg
United States, Georgia
IGY Savannah Harbor Marina
United States, New York
North Cove Marina at Brookfield Place
United States Virgin Islands, Saint Thomas
Yacht Haven Grande
American Yacht Harbor
Operations
Dealership Operations and Management
We have adopted a generally decentralized approach to the operational management of our dealerships. While certain administrative functions are centralized at the corporate level, local management is primarily responsible for the day-to-day operations of the retail locations. Each retail location is managed by a general manager, who oversees the day-to-day operations, personnel, and financial performance of the individual store, subject to the direction of a regional president, district president or area manager, who generally has responsibility for the retail locations within a specified geographic region. Typically, each retail location also has a staff consisting of an F&I manager, a parts manager, a service manager, sales representatives, maintenance and repair technicians, and various support personnel.
Sales and Marketing
Our sales philosophy focuses on selling the pleasures of the boating and yachting lifestyle and creating memories of a lifetime with family and friends. We believe that the critical elements of our sales philosophy include our appealing retail and marina locations, no-hassle sales approach, highly trained sales representatives, high level of customer service, emphasis on educating the customer and the customer’s family on boating, and providing our customers with opportunities for experiences through our MarineMax Getaways!®. We strive to provide exceptional customer experiences through the best services, products, and technology before, during, and after the sale. Our team and customers are United by Water®.
Each retail location offers the customer the opportunity to evaluate a variety of new and used boats in a comfortable and convenient setting. Our full-service retail locations facilitate a turn-key purchasing process that includes attractive lender financing packages, extended service agreements, and insurance. Many of our retail locations are located on waterfronts and marinas, which attract boating enthusiasts and enable customers to operate various boats prior to making a purchase decision.
The brands we offer are diverse in size and use and are spread across our customer activities of leisure, fishing, watersports, luxury, and vacations. We believe the transformative qualities of the water should be shared by everyone, so we created our boat lineup accordingly. Our promise gives our brands meaning and reason to exist next to one another on our showroom floor.
We sell our boats at posted MarineMax “One Price” that generally represent a discount from the manufacturer’s suggested retail price. Our sales approach focuses on the customer experience by minimizing customer anxiety associated with price negotiation.
As a part of our sales and marketing efforts, our digital marketing capabilities are a competitive advantage, with the majority of leads originating through our digital properties, including MarineMax.com. Social media is a leading venue for customer engagement and communication and has become a strong medium for connecting with new customers. Additionally, we hold online experience events, including immersive boat tours, that allow participants to explore boats and yachts from multiple manufacturers, segments, and models from anywhere using their phone, tablet, or computer.
We participate in boat shows and in-the-water sales events at area boating locations, typically held in January, February, March, and toward the end of the boating season, in each of our markets. Boat shows and other offsite promotions are an important venue for engaging new customers. The boat shows also generate a significant amount of interest in our company and products, resulting in sales before and after the show. Our products and services are always available online and, through our online platform, we offer our full selection of boats, yachts, charters, and services. Our expert team is also available to assist customers and provide a great customer experience.
We emphasize customer education through one-on-one education from our team members including, at many locations, our delivery captains, both before and after a sale, and through in-house seminars for the entire family on boating safety, the use and operation of boats, and product demonstrations. Typically, one of our delivery captains or other team members delivers the customer’s boat to an area boating location and thoroughly instructs the customer about the operation of the boat, including hands-on instructions for docking and trailering the boat. To enhance our customer relationships after the sale, we lead and sponsor MarineMax Getaways!® group boating trips to various destinations, rendezvous gatherings, and on-the-water organized events that promote the boating lifestyle and memories of a lifetime. Each Company-sponsored event, planned and led by a Company team member, also provides a favorable medium for acclimating new customers to boating, sharing exciting boating destinations, creating friendships with other boaters, and enabling us to promote new product offerings to boating enthusiasts.
As a result of our ongoing investments in sales and marketing, we believe we have a competitive advantage within the industry by leveraging our strategic marketing capabilities to connect customers to the boating lifestyle. Part of our marketing capabilities include our customer relationships and data platforms that automatically manage customer engagements, evaluate a customer’s propensity to buy, manage sales activities, and facilitate Company-wide availability of a particular boat or other marine products and services desired by a customer.
Suppliers and Inventory Management
We purchase a substantial portion of our new boat inventory directly from manufacturers, which allocate new boats to dealerships based on the amount of boats sold by the dealership and their market share. We manufacture a portion of our new boat inventory from our Product Manufacturing segment. We also exchange new boats with other dealers to accommodate customer demand and to balance inventory.
In fiscal 2024, sales of new Brunswick and Azimut boats and yachts accounted for approximately 20% and 8% of our revenue, respectively. Sales of new Sea Ray and Boston Whaler boats accounted for approximately 9% and 9%, respectively, of our revenue in fiscal 2024. No purchases of new boats and other marine related products from any other manufacturer accounted for more than 10% of our revenue in fiscal 2024.
We have entered into multi-year agreements with Brunswick covering Sea Ray and Boston Whaler. We also have a multi-year agreement with Azimut-Benetti Group for its Azimut product line. We typically deal with each of our manufacturers, other than Brunswick and Azimut-Benetti Group, under an annually renewable, non-exclusive dealer agreement.
The dealer agreements do not restrict our right to sell any product lines or competing products provided that we are in compliance with the material obligations of our dealer agreements. The terms of each dealer agreement appoints a designated geographical territory for the dealer, which is exclusive to the dealer provided that the dealer is able to meet the material obligations of its dealer agreement.
Manufacturers generally establish prices on an annual basis, but may change prices at their sole discretion. Manufacturers typically discount the cost of inventory and offer inventory financing assistance during the manufacturers’ slow seasons, generally October through March. To obtain lower cost of inventory, we strive to capitalize on these manufacturer incentives to take product delivery during the manufacturers’ slow seasons. This permits us to gain pricing advantages and better product availability during the selling season. Arrangements with certain other manufacturers may restrict our right to offer some product lines in certain markets.
We transfer individual boats among our retail locations to fill customer orders that otherwise might take substantially longer to fill from the manufacturer. This reduces delays in delivery, helps us maximize inventory turnover, and assists in minimizing potential overstock or out-of-stock situations. We actively monitor our inventory levels to maintain levels appropriate to meet current anticipated market demands. We are not bound by contractual agreements governing the amount of inventory that we must purchase in any year from any manufacturer, but the failure to purchase at agreed upon levels may result in the loss of certain manufacturer incentives or dealership rights.
Inventory Financing
Marine manufacturers customarily provide interest assistance programs to retailers. The interest assistance varies by manufacturer and may include periods of free financing or reduced interest rate programs. The interest assistance may be paid directly to the retailer or the financial institution depending on the arrangements the manufacturer has established. We believe that our financing arrangements with manufacturers are standard within the industry.
We account for consideration received from our vendors in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”). ASC 606 requires us to classify interest assistance received from manufacturers as a reduction of inventory cost and related cost of sales as opposed to netting the assistance against our interest expense incurred with our lenders. Pursuant to ASC 606, amounts received by us under our co-op assistance programs from our manufacturers are netted against related advertising expenses.
We are party to a Credit Agreement with Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company as Administrative Agent, Swingline Lender, and Issuing Bank, Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC, as Floor Plan Agent, and the lenders party thereto (the “Amended Credit Facility”). The Amended Credit Facility provides the Company a line of credit with asset based borrowing availability of up to $950 million and establishes a revolving credit facility in the maximum amount of $100 million (including a $20 million swingline facility and a $20 million letter of credit sublimit), a delayed draw term loan facility to finance the acquisition of IGY Marinas in the maximum amount of $400 million, and a $100 million delayed draw mortgage loan facility. The maturity of each of the facilities is August 2027. The Amended Credit Facility is further discussed in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Technology Platform
We believe that our technology platform, which is utilized by our companies and dealerships and that is continually developed with the latest capabilities, strategically enhances our ability to successfully integrate the operations of our companies and future acquisitions, facilitates secure interchange of information, and enhances cross-selling opportunities throughout our company. The platform integrates each level of operations on a Company-wide basis, including but not limited to inventory, financial reporting, budgeting, marketing and sales management. We manage each company’s operations with the platform to execute at the highest level, continually grow, and deliver exceptional customers experiences. Sales representatives use the platform to gain strategic competitive
insights, automatically generate follow-up activities, facilitate the availability of Company-wide products and services and monitor the maintenance and service needs of customers’ boats. Company representatives also utilize the platform to provide access to financing and insurance products, proactively schedule services and continually communicate with customers. We mitigate cybersecurity risks by employing extensive measures, including but not limited to employee training, protective technologies, monitoring and testing, external assessment services and maintenance of protective systems and contingency plans. While we have developed systems and processes to prevent or detect security breaches and protect the confidential information we receive, store, transmit, and use, we cannot assure that such measures will provide absolute security. See “Item 1C. Cybersecurity” included in this report for a discussion of our cybersecurity procedures and policies.
Human Capital Resources
As of September 30, 2024, we had 4,050 employees, 2,942 (73%) of whom were in store-level operations, 738 (18%) of whom were in manufacturing operations, and 370 (9%) of whom were in corporate administration and operational management. We are not a party to any collective bargaining agreements. We consider our relations with our employees to be excellent, and we earned certification as a Great Place To Work TM in 2024.
In managing the business, we devote substantial efforts to recruit employees that we believe to be exceptionally well qualified for their position. We also train our employees to understand our core retail philosophies, which focus on making the purchase of a boat or yacht and their subsequent use as hassle-free and enjoyable as possible. Through our MarineMax Academy, we teach our retail philosophies to existing and new employees at various locations and through our online platform. MarineMax Academy offers synchronous and asynchronous instruction options to meet the needs of all team members. The learning modules kick off with a customized onboarding experience and then focus on our retailing philosophies, including instruction on such matters as the sales process, customer service, F&I, accounting, leadership, safety, compliance, and human resources. We also have a specialized service training center and program in Clearwater, Florida where we offer apprenticeship programs and train our service technicians in best practices. We have partnered with the State of Florida to expand our marine apprenticeship offerings across other locations throughout the state.
Sales representatives receive compensation primarily on a commission basis. Each general manager is a salaried employee with incentive bonuses based on the performance of the managed dealership. Maintenance and repair service managers receive compensation on a salary basis with bonuses based on the performance of their departments. Our technology platform provides each store and department manager with daily financial and operational information, enabling them to monitor the performance of their personnel on a daily, weekly, and monthly basis. We have a uniform, fully integrated technology platform serving each of our dealerships.
Our philosophy is to pay competitive base salaries to team members at levels that help us to attract, motivate, and retain highly qualified team members and reduce turnover. Cash incentive bonuses are designed to reward individuals based on our Company’s financial results as well as the achievement of personal and corporate objectives designed to contribute to our long-term success in building shareholder value. Grants of stock-based awards under our 2021 Stock-Based Compensation Plan are intended to align compensation with the price performance of our common stock. Total compensation levels reflect corporate positions, responsibilities, and achievement of goals. As a result of our performance-based compensation philosophy, pay levels may vary significantly from year to year and among our various team members. Performance metrics utilized by our cash compensation plans include pretax income performance bonus, aged inventory, district and regional financial performance targets, and net promoter score (customer satisfaction).
Intellectual Property
We have registered tradenames and trademarks, including among other marks, “MarineMax” and “United by Water” in over 20 countries and territories. Pursuant to agreements with manufacturers and subject to restrictions in those agreements, we have the right to use and display the trademarks and logos of our manufacturer’s brands at our retail stores as well as in our advertising and promotional materials. The current registrations of our tradenames and trademarks are effective for varying periods of time, which we may renew periodically, provided that we comply with all statutory maintenance requirements, including continued use of each trademark in each country.
Seasonality and Weather Conditions
Our business, as well as the entire recreational boating industry, is highly seasonal, with seasonality varying in different geographic markets. Over the three-year period ended September 30, 2024, the average revenue for the quarters ended December 31, March 31, June 30 and September 30 represented approximately 21%, 25%, 30%, and 24%, respectively, of our average annual revenues. With the exception of Florida, we generally realize significantly lower sales and higher levels of inventories and related short-term borrowings, in the quarterly periods ending December 31 and March 31. The onset of the public boat and recreation shows in January generally stimulates boat sales and typically allows us to reduce our inventory levels and related short-term borrowings throughout the remainder of the fiscal year. Our expansion into boat storage may act to reduce our seasonality and cyclicality.
Our business is also subject to weather patterns, which may adversely affect our results of operations. For example, prolonged winter conditions, drought conditions (or merely reduced rainfall levels) or excessive rain, may limit access to area boating locations or render boating dangerous or inconvenient, thereby curtailing customer demand for our products. In addition, unseasonably cool weather and prolonged winter conditions may lead to a shorter selling season in certain locations. Hurricanes and other storms could result in disruptions of our operations or damage to our boat inventories and facilities, as has been the case when Florida and other markets were affected by hurricanes, such as Hurricane Ian in 2022 and Hurricanes Helene and Milton in 2024. Although our geographic diversity is likely to reduce the overall impact to us of adverse weather conditions in any one market area, these conditions will continue to represent potential, material adverse risks to us and our future financial performance.
Governmental Regulations, including Environmental Regulations
Our operations are subject to extensive regulation, supervision, and licensing under various foreign, federal, state, and local statutes, ordinances, and regulations. While we believe that we maintain all requisite licenses and permits and are in compliance with all applicable federal, state, and local regulations, there can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain all requisite licenses and permits. The failure to satisfy those and other regulatory requirements could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. The adoption of additional laws, rules, and regulations could also have a material adverse effect on our business. Various foreign, federal, state, and local regulatory agencies, including the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”), the EPA, and similar foreign, federal, state, and local agencies, have jurisdiction over the operation of our dealerships, repair facilities, and other operations with respect to matters such as consumer protection and privacy, workers’ safety, and laws regarding protection of the environment, including air, water, and soil.
The EPA has various air emissions regulations for outboard marine engines that impose more strict emissions standards for two-cycle, gasoline outboard marine engines. The majority of the outboard marine engines we sell are manufactured by Mercury Marine. Mercury Marine’s product line of low-emission engines, including the Verado, SeaPro, Pro XS, and other four-stroke outboards, have achieved the EPA’s mandated 2006 emission levels. While we remain committed to supporting sustainable manufacturing and a sustainable environment for all boaters, any increased costs of producing engines resulting from EPA standards, or the inability of our manufacturers to comply with EPA requirements, could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Certain of our facilities own and operate underground storage tanks (“USTs”) and above ground storage tanks (“ASTs”) for the storage of various petroleum products. The USTs and ASTs are generally subject to federal, state, and local laws and regulations that require testing and upgrading of tanks and remediation of contaminated soils and groundwater resulting from leaking tanks. In addition, if leakage from Company-owned or operated tanks migrates onto the property of others, we may be subject to civil liability to third parties for remediation costs or other damages. Based on historical experience, we believe that our liabilities associated with tank testing, upgrades, and remediation are unlikely to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or operating results.
As with boat dealerships generally, and parts and service operations in particular, our business involves the use, handling, storage, and contracting for recycling or disposal of hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, including environmentally sensitive materials, such as motor oil, waste motor oil and filters, transmission fluid, antifreeze, freon, waste paint and lacquer thinner, batteries, solvents, lubricants, degreasing agents, gasoline, and diesel fuels. Accordingly, we are subject to regulation by federal, state, and local authorities establishing requirements for the use, management, handling, and disposal of these materials and health and environmental quality standards, and liability related thereto, and providing penalties for violations of those standards. We are also subject to laws, ordinances, and regulations governing investigation and remediation of contamination at facilities we operate to which we send hazardous or toxic substances or wastes for treatment, recycling, or disposal.
We do not believe we have any material environmental liabilities or that compliance with environmental laws, ordinances, and regulations will, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations. However, soil and groundwater contamination has been known to exist at certain properties owned or leased by us. We have also been required and may in the future be required to remove USTs and ASTs containing hazardous substances or wastes. As to certain of our properties, specific releases of petroleum have been or are in the process of being remedied in accordance with state and federal guidelines. We are monitoring the soil and groundwater as required by applicable state and federal guidelines. In addition, the shareholders of certain of the acquired dealers have indemnified us (and such indemnification is continuing) for specific environmental issues identified on environmental site assessments performed by us as part of the acquisitions. We maintain insurance for pollutant cleanup and removal. The coverage pays for the expenses to extract pollutants from land or water at the insured property, if the discharge, dispersal, seepage, migration, release, or escape of the pollutants is caused by or results from a covered cause of loss. We also have additional storage tank liability insurance and Superfund (as defined below) coverage where applicable. In addition, certain of our retail locations are located on waterways that are subject to federal or state laws regulating navigable waters (including oil pollution prevention), fish and wildlife, and other matters.
Three of the properties we own were historically used as gasoline service stations. Remedial action with respect to prior historical site activities on these properties has been completed or is being completed in accordance with federal and state law. We do not believe that any of these environmental issues will result in any material liabilities to us.
Additionally, certain states have required or are considering requiring a license in order to operate a recreational boat. While such licensing requirements are not expected to be unduly restrictive, regulations may discourage potential first-time buyers, thereby limiting future sales, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Environmental Responsibility
We operate many retail locations near or on bodies of water that are acutely susceptible to the risks associated with climate change. Such risks include those related to the physical impacts of climate change, such as possibly more frequent and severe weather events, rising sea levels, and/or long term shifts in climate patterns, and risks related to the transition to a lower-carbon economy, such as reputational, market and/or regulatory risks. Our commitment to environmental responsibility and initiatives to reduce our environmental footprint are outlined in our “Environmental Policy.” Our Environmental Policy can be found on the Investor Relations section of our website at www.MarineMax.com under Governance Documents (for the avoidance of doubt, our Environmental Policy and other information contained on or accessible through our website is not incorporated into, and does not form a part of, this Annual Report or any other report or document we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC")). Our Environmental Policy and associated climate related risks and opportunities are reviewed by our Board of Directors on an annual basis or more frequently as needed.
We have engaged in many efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change. For example, we seek out, to the extent feasible, manufacturers committed to the highest levels of sustainability, environmental stewardship, and low-emissions as demonstrated by Mercury Marine. Mercury Marine’s commitment to sustainability and successes are detailed in its 2021 Sustainability Report. Mercury Marine’s accomplishments include winning the 2020 Energy Efficiency Excellence Award from Wisconsin’s Focus on Energy program, 2019 Sustainable Process Award from the Wisconsin Sustainable Business Council for its sustainable use of aluminum, winning the 2018 Sustainable Product of the Year from the Wisconsin Sustainable Business Council for its Active Trim technology, and winning the 2018 Business Friend of the Environment Award for their new V6 and V8 outboard engines. For the 11th consecutive year, the Wisconsin Sustainable Business Council awarded Mercury Marine a “Green Masters” designation, a program measuring a broad range of sustainability issues including energy and water conservation, waste management, community outreach, and education. Mercury Marine has improved energy efficiency by implementing energy-reducing projects, promoting best practices in energy management and employing new energy technologies, such as using the latest and most energy efficient HVAC systems, LED lighting, top-rated insulation, passive (natural) lighting, weather-stripping around windows and doors, double-door vestibules, automatic and timer-activated doors, and plans to build roof-mounted solar arrays where applicable.
Additionally, Azimut Yachts was awarded ISO 14001 certification, for its consistent and effective management system aimed at reducing the environmental impact of its operations. In addition, to maximize the eco-compatible standards of their yachts, Azimut Yachts adopted RINA (an organization specializing in classification, certification, testing, and inspection) principles to achieve RINA Green Plus notation. Azimut-Benetti Group and alternative fuels company Eni Sustainable Mobility signed an agreement for the supply and use of HVOlution, a biofuel derived from renewable raw materials, illustrating a tangible step forward on the course charted to reduce CO2 emissions. HVOlution is made of 100% hydrogenated vegetable oil and is produced at Eni Sustainable Mobility refineries in Venice and Gela, Italy from waste raw materials and vegetable residues or oils generated from crops that do not compete with food production. Also, MasterCraft's manufacturing facilities operate in alignment with the ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems Standard, the ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems standard, and the OHSAS 18001 International Occupational Health and Safety Management System standard. MasterCraft's largest facility, the MasterCraft brand facility, is certified in all three standards. MasterCraft believes it is the only boat manufacturer to achieve all three of these prestigious ISO certifications across production and product development systems.
Further, as opportunities arise, we have made targeted investments to support new technology, innovations, and research in the marine industry to reduce emissions, provide environmental stewardship, and support a sustainable environment for all boaters. The Fraser Yachts Group has become the first yacht company to sign the Pact for Energy Transition with the Monaco Government. The energy transition pact was created by the Monaco government to improve energy efficiency and promote renewable energy sources, with the target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by allowing residents, workers, businesses, institutions and associations to contribute to the energy transition effort.
We take pride in maintaining our retail locations and marinas for the benefit of the local communities and boaters we serve. We strive to execute a proactive strategy related to environmental, health, and safety laws and regulations, and environmental stewardship, which includes investing significant resources in maintaining and developing our retail locations and marinas for the long term. Additionally, several of our marinas have been designated as Clean Marinas. The Clean Marina Program recognizes facilities engaging in environmental best practices and exceeding regulatory requirements in and around waterways.
Corporate Social Responsibility
Our commitment to social responsibility is outlined in our “Human Rights Policy.” Our Human Rights Policy can be found on the Investor Relations section of our website at www.MarineMax.com under Governance Documents (for the avoidance of doubt, our Human Rights Policy and other information contained on or accessible through our website is not incorporated into, and does not form a part of, this Annual Report or any other report or document we file with the SEC). Our Human Rights Policy is reviewed by our Board of Directors on an annual basis or more frequently as needed. We strive to conduct our business in an ethical and socially responsible way, and are sensitive to the needs of the environment, our customers, our shareholders, our team members and our communities. Our ethical and social responsibility is guided by our MarineMax culture and values which are honesty, trust, loyalty, professionalism, consistency, always do what is right, treat others as we want to be treated, and always consider the long term. Our culture, values, and mission are shared and reinforced with our team members through daily stand up meetings, team events, and online communications. We pride ourselves on supporting our local communities both on and off the water. Our stores support their communities through multiple activities including “fill the boat” toy and school supply drives, working with local hospitals and non-profits, and participating in youth sports and civic organizations. One significant way in which our presence is felt within the local community is by providing our team members time to volunteer and assist with Habitat for Humanity housing projects in addition to making charitable donations to Habitat for Humanity. In addition, we support humanitarian aid to locations in the United States and other countries through organizations such as the Red Cross. We also partner with the American Cancer Society to support Breast Cancer Awareness Month and cancer screenings across all of our retail operations.
Product Liability
The products we sell or service may expose us to potential liabilities for personal injury or property damage claims relating to the use of those products. Historically, the resolution of product liability claims has not materially affected our business. Manufacturers of the products we sell generally maintain product liability insurance. We also maintain third-party product liability insurance that we believe to be adequate. We may experience claims that are not covered by, or that are in excess of, our insurance coverage. The institution of any significant claims against us could subject us to damages, result in higher insurance costs, and harm our business reputation with potential customers.
Available Information
Our internet address is www.MarineMax.com. We make available, free of charge through our website, our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. For the avoidance of doubt, information contained on, or accessible through, our website is not incorporated into, and does not form a part of, this Form 10-K or any other report or document we file with the SEC.
Executive Officers
The following table sets forth information concerning each of our executive officers as of November 14, 2024:
Name
Age
Position
William Brett McGill
Chief Executive Officer, President and Director
Michael H. McLamb
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer,
Secretary, and Director
Charles A. Cashman
Executive Vice President and Chief Revenue Officer
Anthony E. Cassella, Jr
Executive Vice President Finance and Chief Accounting Officer
Shawn Berg
Executive Vice President and Chief Digital Officer
Kyle G. Langbehn
Executive Vice President and President of Retail Operations
Manuel A. Alvare
General Counsel
William Brett McGill has served as Chief Executive Officer since October 2018, as President since October 2017, and as a Director since February 21, 2019. Mr. McGill served as President and Chief Operating Officer of MarineMax from October 2017 to October 2018. Mr. McGill served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer from October 2016 to October 2017, Executive Vice President Operations of the Company from October 2015 to September 2016, as Vice President of West Operations of the Company from May 2012 to September 2015, and was appointed as an executive officer by our Board of Directors in November 2012. Mr. McGill served as one of our Regional Presidents from March 2006 to May 2012, as Vice President of Information Technology, Service and Parts of the Company from October 2004 to March 2006, and as Director of Information Services from March 1998. Mr. McGill began
his professional career with a software development firm, Integrated Dealer Systems, prior to joining MarineMax in 1996. William Brett McGill is the son of William H. McGill, Jr.
Michael H. McLamb has served as Executive Vice President of MarineMax since October 2002, as Chief Financial Officer since January 23, 1998, as Secretary since April 5, 1998, and as a Director since November 1, 2003. Mr. McLamb served as Vice President and Treasurer of the Company from January 23, 1998 until October 22, 2002. Mr. McLamb, a certified public accountant, was employed by Arthur Andersen LLP from December 1987 to December 1997, serving most recently as a Senior Manager.
Charles A. Cashman has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Revenue Officer of MarineMax since October 2016. Mr. Cashman served as Executive Vice President Sales, Marketing, and Manufacturer Relations of the Company from October 2015 to September 2016, served as Vice President of East Operations from May 2012 to September 2015, and was appointed as an executive officer by our Board of Directors in November 2012. Mr. Cashman served as Regional President of East Florida from October 2008 to May 2012, and as District Manager of the East Coast of Florida from March 2007 to October 2008. Mr. Cashman served in several other positions of increasing responsibility, including Sales Consultant, Sales Manager, and General Manager, since joining MarineMax in 1992.
Anthony E. Cassella, Jr. has served as Executive Vice President Finance of MarineMax since February 2023, Vice President since February 2016, Chief Accounting Officer as appointed by our Board of Directors in October 2014, and Vice President of Accounting and Shared Services since February 2011. Mr. Cassella served as Director of Shared Services from October 2007 until February 2011 and Regional Controller from March 1999 until October 2007. Mr. Cassella was the Controller of Merit Marine which the Company acquired in March 1999. Mr. Cassella, a certified public accountant, worked in public accounting from June 1991 to February 1998, serving most recently as Manager.
Shawn Berg has served as Chief Digital Officer since April 2019 overseeing the Company's Technology, Marketing, and Digital Business operations. Mr. Berg was appointed as an executive officer of MarineMax by our Board of Directors in October 2022. Previously he served as Vice President of Technology after joining MarineMax in 2017. Mr. Berg has over 30 years of experience, including multiple officer-level positions, delivering strategic business growth to companies across the marine, auto, and retail industries. In addition, Mr. Berg has extensive experience in finance, insurance, distribution, servicing, and supply chain operations.
Kyle G. Langbehn has served as President of Retail Operations since July 2020, responsible for MarineMax’s retail operations. Mr. Langbehn was appointed as an executive officer of MarineMax by our Board of Directors in October 2022. Previously he served as Vice President of Operations beginning in October of 2018. Mr. Langbehn has excelled in numerous positions of increasing responsibility including Sales Consultant, Sales Manager, General Sales Manager, General Manager, and Regional President since joining MarineMax in 2002.
Manuel A. Alvare has served as General Counsel since May 2024, after serving as the company’s Vice President of Legal Affairs since October 2021. Mr. Alvare was appointed as an executive officer of MarineMax by our Board of Directors in May 2024. Mr. Alvare joined MarineMax as Corporate Counsel in 2018 after a distinguished career serving as in-house counsel for several Florida companies in a wide range of industries. During his tenure at MarineMax, he has overseen legal work related to the Company’s acquisitions, brand expansions, domestic and international growth, and numerous other strategic initiatives.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Item 1A.	Risk Factors
Risks Related to Competition, Economic, and Industry Conditions
Our success depends to a significant extent on the well-being, as well as the continued popularity and reputation for quality of the boating products, of our manufacturers, particularly Brunswick’s Sea Ray and Boston Whaler boat lines, Azimut-Benetti Group’s Azimut products and Mercury Marine engines. The failure to obtain a high quality and desirable mix of competitively priced products that our customers demand could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Approximately 20% of our revenue in fiscal 2024 resulted from sales of new boats manufactured by Brunswick, including approximately 9% from Brunswick’s Sea Ray division, 9% from Brunswick’s Boston Whaler division, and approximately 2% from Brunswick’s other divisions. Additionally, approximately 8% of our revenue in fiscal 2024 resulted from sales of new boats manufactured by Azimut-Benetti Group. The remainder of our fiscal 2024 revenue from new boat sales resulted from sales of products from a limited number of other manufacturers, none of which accounted for more than 10% of our revenue.
We depend on our manufacturers to provide us with products that compare favorably with competing products in terms of quality, performance, safety, and advanced features, including the latest advances in propulsion and navigation systems. Any adverse change in the production efficiency, product development efforts, technological advancement, expansion of manufacturing footprint, supply chain and third-party suppliers, marketplace acceptance, marketing capabilities, ability to secure adequate access to capital, and financial condition of our manufacturers, particularly Brunswick (including Mercury Marine, a division of Brunswick) and Azimut-Benetti Group, given our reliance on Sea Ray, Boston Whaler, Mercury Marine engines, and Azimut, would have a substantial adverse impact on our business. Any difficulties encountered by any of our manufacturers, particularly Brunswick and Azimut-Benetti Group, resulting from economic, financial, supply chain, or other factors could adversely affect the quality and amount of products that they are able to supply to us and the services and support they provide to us.
Any interruption or discontinuance of the operations of Brunswick, Azimut-Benetti Group or other manufacturers could cause us to experience shortfalls, disruptions or delays with respect to needed inventory. Although we believe in our brand, our product diversification and that adequate alternate sources would be available that could replace any manufacturer other than Brunswick and Azimut-Benetti Group as a product source, those alternate sources may not be available at the time of any interruption, and alternative products may not be available at comparable quality and price.
Boat manufacturers exercise substantial control over our business.
We depend on our dealer agreements. We have dealer agreements with Brunswick covering Sea Ray and Boston Whaler products. Most of our retail locations have a multi-year dealer agreement which provides for the lowest product prices charged by the Sea Ray division of Brunswick or Boston Whaler, as applicable, from time to time to other domestic Sea Ray or Boston Whaler dealers, as applicable. These terms are subject to:
•the dealer meeting all the requirements and conditions of the manufacturer’s applicable programs; and
•the right of Brunswick in good faith to charge lesser prices to other dealers
•to meet existing competitive circumstances;
•for unusual and non-ordinary business circumstances; or
•for limited duration promotional programs.
Each dealer agreement designates a specific geographical territory for the dealer, which is exclusive to the dealer provided that the dealer is able to meet the material obligations of its dealer agreement.
We are the exclusive dealer for Azimut-Benetti Group’s Azimut product line for the United States. The Azimut dealer agreement provides a geographic territory to promote the product line and to network with the appropriate clientele through various independent locations designated for Azimut retail sales. Our dealer agreement is a multi-year term but requires us to be in compliance with its terms and conditions.
As is typical in the industry, we generally deal with manufacturers, other than Sea Ray, Boston Whaler, and Azimut, under renewable annual dealer agreements. These agreements do not contain any contractual provisions concerning product pricing or required purchasing levels. Pricing is generally established on a model year basis, but is subject to change in the manufacturer’s sole discretion. Any change or termination of these arrangements for any reason could adversely affect product availability and cost and our financial performance.
Through these dealer agreements, boat manufacturers (particularly Brunswick and Azimut) exercise significant control over their dealers, restricting them to specified locations, and retaining approval rights over changes in management and ownership, among other things. Failure to meet the customer satisfaction, market share goals, and other conditions set forth in any dealer agreement could have various consequences, including the following:
•the termination of the dealer agreement;
•the imposition of additional conditions in subsequent dealer agreements;
•limitations on boat inventory allocations;
•reductions in reimbursement rates for warranty work performed by the dealer;
•loss of certain manufacturer to dealer incentives;
•denial of approval of future acquisitions; or
•the loss of exclusive rights to sell in the geographic territory.
These events could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position and financial performance.
Our business, as well as the entire recreational boating industry, is highly seasonal, with seasonality varying in different geographic markets.
Over the three-year period ended September 30, 2024, the average revenue for the quarterly periods ended December 31, March 31, June 30 and September 30 represented approximately 21%, 25%, 30%, and 24%, respectively, of our average annual revenue. With the exception of Florida, we generally realize significantly lower sales and higher levels of inventories and related short-term borrowings in the quarterly periods ending December 31 and March 31. The onset of the public boat and recreation shows in January typically stimulates boat sales and allows us to reduce our inventory levels and related short-term borrowings throughout the remainder of the fiscal year. Our business could become substantially more seasonal if we acquire dealers that operate in colder regions of the United States, which are generally closed or experience lower volume in the winter months.
The failure to receive rebates and other dealer incentives (interest assistance and co-op assistance) on inventory purchases or retail sales could substantially reduce our margins.
We rely on manufacturers’ programs that provide incentives for dealers to purchase and sell particular boat makes and models or for consumers to buy particular boat makes or models. Any eliminations, reductions, limitations, delayed payments, or other changes relating to rebate or incentive programs that have the effect of reducing the benefits we receive, whether relating to the ability of manufacturers to pay or our ability to qualify for such incentive programs, could increase the effective cost of our boat purchases, reduce our margins and competitive position, and have a material adverse effect on our financial performance.
Other recreational activities, poor industry perception, and potential health risks from environmental conditions can adversely affect the levels of boat purchases.
Demand for our products can be adversely affected by competition from other activities that occupy consumers’ time, including other forms of recreation as well as religious, cultural and community activities. In addition, real or perceived health risks from engaging in outdoor activities and local environmental conditions in the areas in which we operate dealerships could adversely affect the levels of boat purchases. Further, as a seller of high-end consumer products, we must compete for discretionary spending with a wide variety of other recreational activities and consumer purchases. In addition, perceived hassles of boat ownership and customer service and lack of customer education throughout the retail boat industry, which has traditionally been perceived to be relatively poor, represent impediments to boat purchases.
We face intense competition.
We operate in a highly competitive environment. In addition to facing competition generally from recreation businesses seeking to attract consumers’ leisure time and discretionary spending dollars, the recreational boat industry itself is highly fragmented, resulting in intense competition for customers, quality products, boat show space, and suitable retail locations. We rely to a certain extent on boat shows to generate sales.
We compete primarily with single-location boat dealers and, with respect to sales of marine parts, accessories, and equipment, with national specialty marine parts and accessories stores, online catalog retailers, sporting goods stores, and mass merchants. Competition among boat dealers is based on the quality of available products, the price and value of the products, and attention to customer service. There is significant competition both within markets we currently serve and in new markets that we may enter. We
compete in each of our markets with retailers of brands of boats and engines we do not sell in that market. In addition, several of our competitors, especially those selling marine equipment and accessories, are large national or regional chains that have substantial financial, marketing and other resources. Private sales of used boats represent an additional source of competition.
Due to various matters, including environmental concerns, permitting and zoning requirements, and competition for waterfront real estate, some markets in the United States have experienced an increased waiting list for marina and storage availability. In general, the markets in which we currently operate are not experiencing any unusual difficulties. However, marine retail activity could be adversely affected in markets that do not have sufficient marine and storage availability to satisfy demand.
Timing of large boat and yacht sales and failure to adequately anticipate consumer preference and demand may have an adverse impact on our business.
Forecasting optimal inventory levels is difficult to predict based on, among other things, changes in economic conditions, consumer preferences, delivery of new models from manufacturers, and timing of large boat and yacht sales. Failure to adequately anticipate consumer demand and preferences could negatively impact our inventory management strategies, inventory carrying costs, and our operating margins.
Economic conditions and consumer spending patterns can have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
General economic conditions and consumer spending patterns can negatively impact our operating results. Unfavorable local, regional, national, or global economic developments or uncertainties regarding future economic prospects could reduce consumer spending in the markets we serve and adversely affect our business. Economic conditions in areas in which we operate dealerships, such as corporate downsizing, military base closings, and inclement weather such as hurricanes or other storms, environmental conditions, and specific events, such as the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, or Hurricanes Helene and Milton in 2024, also could adversely affect, and in certain instances have adversely affected, our operations in certain markets.
In an economic downturn, consumer discretionary spending levels generally decline, at times resulting in disproportionately large reductions in the sale of luxury goods. Consumer spending on luxury goods also may decline as a result of lower consumer confidence levels, even if prevailing economic conditions are favorable. As a result, an economic downturn could impact us more than certain of our competitors due to our strategic focus on a higher end of our market.
Unfavorable economic conditions can cause us to reduce our acquisition program, delay new store openings, reduce our inventory purchases, engage in inventory reduction efforts, close a number of our retail locations, reduce our headcount, and amend and replace our credit facility, and could also interfere with our supply of certain brands by manufacturers, reduce marketing and other support by manufacturers, decrease revenue, put additional pressures on margins, and result in our failure to satisfy covenants under our credit agreement.
More recently, inflation has increased in the United States and throughout the world although it has slowly decreased since its peak in 2022. High inflation has affected the prices manufacturers charge us, as well as the prices that we charge our customers. To the extent such inflation continues, increases, or both, it may reduce our margins and have a material adverse effect on our financial performance.
Our sales have been, and may further be, adversely impacted by recent increases in interest rates and adverse changes in fiscal policy or credit market conditions.
Fiscal and monetary policy have had a material adverse impact on worldwide economic conditions, the financial markets, and availability of credit and, consequently, have negatively affected, and may further negatively affect, our industries, businesses, and overall financial condition. Changes by the Federal Reserve to raise its benchmark interest rate beginning in 2022 have resulted in significantly higher long-term interest rates, which has negatively impacted, and may further negatively impact, our customers’ willingness or desire to purchase our products. However, the Federal Reserve recently cut interest rates in September 2024 and more interest rate cuts are expected. While credit availability is currently adequate to support demand, if credit conditions worsen and adversely affect the ability of customers to finance potential purchases at acceptable terms and interest rates, it could result in a decrease in sales and materially impact our financial condition and results of operations.
Inflation could adversely affect our financial results.
The market prices of certain materials and components used by us and our suppliers in manufacturing our products can be volatile. Significant increases in inflation, particularly those related to wages and increases in the cost of raw materials, may have an adverse impact on the business, financial condition, and results of operations of us or our suppliers, and our suppliers may in turn pass such increases along to us by raising the cost of our inventories. In addition, new boat buyers often finance their purchases. Inflation, along
with a rise in interest rates, could translate into an increased cost of boat ownership. Although inflation has decreased since its peak in 2022, if inflation continues to occur and if the Federal Reserve fails to cut interest rates further or raises interest rates again, prospective consumers may choose to forego or delay their purchases or buy a less expensive boat in the event credit is not available to finance their boat purchases.
Changes in accounting standards could significantly affect our results of operations and the presentation of those results.
The Financial Accounting Standards Board, the SEC, or other accounting organizations or governmental entities frequently issue new pronouncements or new interpretations of existing accounting standards. Changes in accounting standards, how the accounting standards are interpreted, or the adoption of new accounting standards can have a significant effect on our reported results, and could even retroactively affect previously reported transactions, and may require that we make significant changes to our systems, processes and controls. Changes resulting from these new standards may result in materially different financial results and may require that we change how we process, analyze and report financial information and that we change financial reporting controls. Such changes in accounting standards may have an adverse effect on our business, financial position, and income, which may negatively impact our financial results.
Risks Related to Our Strategies
Failure to implement strategies to enhance our performance or our strategies could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
We are increasing our efforts to grow our financing and insurance, parts and accessories, service, yacht charter, brokerage, and boat storage businesses to better serve our customers and thereby increase revenue and improve profitability as a result of these higher margin businesses. In addition, we have implemented programs to increase the lead capture and digital sales of used boats, parts, accessories, and a wide range of boating supplies and products. These efforts and programs are designed to increase our revenue and reduce our dependence on the sale of new boats. We are also pursuing certain acquisitions as discussed in the immediately following Risk Factors. These business initiatives have required, and will continue to require, us to add personnel, invest capital, enter businesses in which we do not have extensive experience, and encounter substantial competition. As a result, our strategies to enhance our performance may not be successful and we may increase our expenses or write off such investments if not successful.
Our success depends, in part, on our ability to continue to make successful acquisitions at attractive or fair prices and to integrate the operations of acquired dealers and each dealer we acquire in the future.
Since March 1, 1998, we have acquired 35 additional previously independent recreational boat dealers, multiple marinas, five boat brokerage operations, six superyacht service companies, two full-service yacht repair operations, and two boat and yacht manufacturers. Each acquired dealer and entity operated independently prior to its acquisition by us. Our success depends, in part, on our ability to continue to make successful acquisitions at attractive or fair prices that align with our culture and focus on customer service and to integrate the operations of acquired dealers, including centralizing certain functions to achieve cost savings and pursuing programs and processes that promote cooperation and the sharing of opportunities and resources among our dealerships. We may not be able to oversee the combined entity efficiently, realize anticipated synergies, or implement effectively our growth and operating strategies. To the extent that we successfully pursue our acquisition strategy, our resulting growth will place significant additional demands on our management and infrastructure. Our failure to pursue successfully our acquisition strategies or operate effectively the combined entity could have a material adverse effect on our rate of growth and operating performance.
We may pursue acquisition strategies in new lines of business.
We have historically pursued strategic acquisitions to capitalize upon the consolidation opportunities in the highly fragmented recreational boat dealer industry by acquiring additional dealers and related operations and improving their performance and profitability through the implementation of our operating strategies. We have also recently pursued, and may continue to pursue, potential contract manufacturing, vertical integration strategies, yacht charter and brokerage, marinas, boat storage, or other acquisitions as opportunities arise. To the extent we are successful in pursuing one or more of these strategies, we will face certain risks in addition to those that exist with acquisitions more closely related to our historical business, including potential inexperience in a line of business that is either new to us or that has become materially more significant to us as a result of a transaction, the potential difficulty of presenting a unified corporate image, greater uncertainties in the financial benefits and potential liabilities associated with this expanded base of acquisitions, different types of legal and operational risks, and different types of applicable financial metrics and goals. Our failure to pursue successfully our acquisition strategies in new lines of business, operate effectively the combined entity, and/or mitigate any potential new risks, could have a material adverse effect on our rate of growth and operating performance.
Unforeseen expenses, difficulties, and delays frequently encountered in connection with expansion through acquisitions could inhibit our growth and negatively impact our profitability.
The acquisition of additional recreational boat dealers, boat storage facilities, yacht brokerage operations, and marinas, which is one of our growth strategies, and vertical integration strategies, all involve significant risks. This strategy entails reviewing and potentially reorganizing acquired business operations, corporate infrastructure and systems, and financial controls. Unforeseen expenses, difficulties and delays frequently encountered in connection with expansion through acquisitions could inhibit our growth and negatively impact our profitability. We may be unable to identify suitable acquisition candidates or to complete the acquisitions of candidates that we identify. Increased competition for acquisition candidates or increased asking prices by acquisition candidates may increase purchase prices for acquisitions to levels beyond our financial capability or to levels that would not result in expected returns required by our acquisition criteria to be in the best interest of shareholders. Acquisitions also may become more difficult or less attractive in the future as we acquire more of the most attractive dealers that best align with our culture and focus on customer service. In addition, we may encounter difficulties in integrating the operations of acquired dealers with our own operations, difficulties in retaining employees, potential risks of losing customers, suppliers, or other business relationships, and difficulties in managing acquired dealers profitably without substantial costs, delays, or other operational or financial problems.
Our ability to continue to grow through acquisitions depends upon various factors, including the following:
•the availability of suitable acquisition candidates at attractive purchase prices;
•the ability to compete effectively for available acquisition opportunities;
•the availability of cash on hand, borrowed funds or stock with a sufficient value to complete the acquisitions;
•the ability to obtain any requisite manufacturer or governmental approvals;
•the ability to obtain approval of our lenders under our current credit agreement; and
•the absence of one or more manufacturers attempting to impose unsatisfactory restrictions on us in connection with their approval of acquisitions.
If we finance future acquisitions in whole or in part through the issuance of common stock or securities convertible into or exercisable for common stock, existing shareholders will experience dilution in the voting power of their common stock and earnings per share could be negatively impacted. Any borrowings made to finance future acquisitions or for operations could make us more vulnerable to a downturn in our operating results, a downturn in economic conditions, or increases in interest rates on borrowings that are subject to interest rate fluctuations.
We may be required to obtain the consent of Brunswick and various other manufacturers prior to the acquisition of other dealers.
In determining whether to approve acquisitions, manufacturers may consider many factors, including our financial condition and ownership structure. Manufacturers also may impose conditions on granting their approvals for acquisitions, including a limitation on the number of their dealers that we may acquire. Our ability to meet manufacturers’ requirements for approving future acquisitions will have a direct bearing on our ability to complete acquisitions and effect our growth strategy. There can be no assurance that a manufacturer will not terminate its dealer agreement, refuse to renew its dealer agreement, refuse to approve future acquisitions, or take other action that could have a material adverse effect on our acquisition program.
Our internal growth and operating strategies of opening new locations and offering new products involve risk.
In addition to pursuing growth by acquiring boat dealers, we intend to continue to pursue a strategy of growth through opening new retail locations and offering new products in our existing and new territories. This strategy may entail obtaining additional distribution rights from our existing and new manufacturers. We may not be able to secure additional distribution rights or obtain suitable alternative sources of supply if we are unable to obtain such distribution rights. The inability to expand our product lines and geographic scope by obtaining additional distribution rights could have a material adverse effect on the growth and profitability of our business.
Accomplishing these goals for expansion will depend upon a number of factors, including the following:
•our ability to identify new markets in which we can obtain distribution rights to sell our existing or additional product lines;
•our ability to lease or construct suitable facilities at a reasonable cost in existing or new markets;
•our ability to hire, train, and retain qualified personnel;
•the timely and effective integration of new retail locations into existing operations;
•our ability to achieve adequate market penetration at favorable operating margins without the acquisition of existing dealers; and
•our financial resources.
Our dealer agreements with Brunswick require Brunswick’s consent to open, close, or change retail locations that sell Sea Ray or Boston Whaler products, as applicable, and other dealer agreements generally contain similar provisions. We may not be able to open and operate new retail locations or introduce new product lines on a timely or profitable basis. Moreover, the costs associated with opening new retail locations or introducing new product lines may adversely affect our profitability.
As a result of these growth strategies, we expect to continue to expend significant time and effort in opening and acquiring new retail locations, improving existing retail locations in our current markets, and introducing new products. Our systems, procedures, controls, financial resources, and management and staffing levels may not be adequate to support expanding operations. The inability to manage our growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
In addition to our traditional repeat and referral business in our physical locations, digital channels are increasingly significant in serving our existing customer base and reaching new customers. Our continued expansion and success will be negatively impacted if we are not able to fully exploit these channels.
Our digital channels are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that are beyond our control, including the following:
•changes in technology;
•cybersecurity risk;
•changes in consumer willingness to conduct business electronically, including increasing concerns with consumer privacy and risk and changing laws, rules, and regulations, such as the imposition of or increase in taxes;
•technology or security impediments that may inhibit our ability to electronically market our products and services;
•changes in applicable international, federal, state and commercial regulation;
•failure of our service providers, suppliers or service partners to perform their services properly and in a timely and efficient manner;
•failure to adequately respond to customers, process orders or deliver services;
•our failure to assess and evaluate our digital product and service offerings to ensure that our products and services are desired by boating enthusiasts; and
•the potential exposure to liability with respect to third-party information, including but not limited to copyright, trademark infringement, or other wrongful acts of third parties; false or erroneous information provided by third parties; or illegal activities by third parties, such as the sale of stolen boats or other goods.
Further, we may also be vulnerable to competitive pressures from the growing electronic commerce activity in our market, both as they may impact our own on-line business, and as they may impact the operating results and investment values of our existing physical locations.
Various operations in multiple countries around the world expose us to international political, economic, foreign currency, and other risks.
Our operations involve certain international activities, including our sales of yachts produced by the Azimut-Benetti Group in Italy, yachts produced by Galeon in Poland, yachts produced by Ocean Alexander in Taiwan, and power catamarans produced by Sino Eagle in China, as well as our Fraser Yachts Group and Northrop & Johnson operations in various countries. These activities in multiple countries around the world expose us to international political, economic, foreign currency, and other risks. Some of our sales and purchases of inventory are denominated in a currency other than the U.S. dollar. Consequently, a strong or weak U.S. dollar may adversely affect reported revenues and our profitability. We may hedge certain foreign currency exposures to lessen and delay, but not to completely eliminate, the effects of foreign currency fluctuations on our financial results. Our future financial results could be significantly affected by the value of the U.S. dollar in relation to the foreign currencies in which we conduct business.
Furthermore, the geopolitical and economic uncertainty and/or instability that may result from changes in the relationship among the United States, Taiwan and China, may, directly or indirectly, materially harm our business, financial condition and financial performance. For example, certain of our suppliers are dependent on products sourced from Taiwan. Greater restrictions and/or disruptions of our suppliers’ ability to operate facilities and/or do business in and with Taiwan may increase the cost of certain materials and/or limit the supply of products sourced from Taiwan. This may result in deterioration of our profit margins, a potential need to increase our pricing and, in so doing, may decrease demand for our products and thereby adversely impact our financial performance.
Additionally, protectionist trade legislation in the United States, the European Union, Poland, or China, such as a change in current tariff structures, export or import compliance laws, or other trade policies could adversely affect our ability to import yachts from these foreign suppliers under economically favorable terms and conditions. There have been recent changes, and additional changes may occur in the future, to United States and foreign trade and tax policies, including heightened import restrictions, import and export licenses, new tariffs, trade embargoes, government sanctions, and trade barriers. Any of these restrictions could prevent or make it difficult or more costly for us to import yachts from foreign suppliers under economically favorable terms and conditions. Increased tariffs could require us to increase our prices which likely could decrease demand for our products. In addition, other countries may limit their trade with the United States or retaliate through their own restrictions and/or increased tariffs which would affect our ability to export products and therefore adversely affect our sales. Many of these challenges, particularly tariffs, are present in commerce with China, a market from which we purchase products. While such tariffs may be delayed or cancelled before coming into effect and we believe we have taken steps to mitigate their potential effects, such tariffs would likely increase our costs for our Chinese suppliers.
Our international operations create a number of logistical and communications challenges. The economic, political and other risks we face resulting from these operations include the following:
•compliance with U.S. and local laws and regulatory requirements, including labor, tax, and environmental, health and safety, as well as changes in those laws and requirements;
•transportation delays or interruptions and other effects of less developed infrastructures;
•effects from the voter-approved exit of the United Kingdom from the European Union (often referred to as Brexit), including any resulting deterioration in economic conditions, volatility in currency exchange rates, or adverse regulatory changes;
•limitations on imports and exports;
•adverse foreign exchange rate fluctuations;
•imposition of restrictions on currency conversion or the transfer of funds;
•withdrawal from or revision to international trade agreements;
•national and international conflicts, including the Israel-Hamas War and the Russia/Ukraine conflict, foreign policy changes, political or economic instability, or terrorist acts;
•the effects of issued or threatened government sanctions, tariffs and duties, trade barriers or economic restrictions;
•maintenance of quality standards; and/or
•possible employee turnover or labor unrest.
The intended benefits of the IGY Marinas acquisition may not be realized.
The IGY Marinas acquisition poses risks for our ongoing operations, including, among others:
•the possibility that we will incur unexpected costs and liabilities;
•the possibility that expected synergies and value creation will not be realized or will not be realized within the expected time period;
•difficulties recruiting and retaining team members;
•the financing for the acquisition of IGY Marinas may limit our ability to finance future acquisitions or obtain favorable terms on future credit agreements;
•IGY Marinas may not perform as well as anticipated; and
•unforeseen difficulties may arise in integrating operations in various countries into our company.
As a result of the foregoing, we cannot assure that the IGY Marinas acquisition will be accretive to us in the near term or at all. Furthermore, if we fail to realize the intended benefits of the IGY Marinas acquisition, the market price of our common stock could decline to the extent that the market price reflects those benefits.
The Ukraine and Middle East conflicts could have a significant adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and cash flow in the future.
The Ukraine and Middle East conflicts raise a host of potential threats and risk factors to our business. Even though we do not conduct significant business directly in Ukraine or Russia, IGY manages a marina in the Middle East (Asia). Sanctions brought against Russia will impact the import, export, sale, and supply of goods and services with companies located in the U.S. and other regions. Many companies have ceased all operations in Russia with significant expected short-term and long-term losses. This has had, will likely continue to have, a negative impact on the global economy and has affected, and will likely continue to affect, economic and capital markets. A downturn in the economy could adversely affect our financial performance.
Geopolitical issues around the world can impact macroeconomic conditions and could have a material adverse impact on our financial results. The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine has impacted global energy markets, particularly in Europe, leading to high volatility and increasing prices for crude oil, natural gas and other energy supplies. The ultimate impact of the conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East on fuel prices, inflation, the global supply chain and other macroeconomic conditions is unknown and could materially adversely affect global economic growth, disrupting discretionary spending habits and generally decreasing demand for our products and services. Higher energy costs result in increases in operating expenses at our manufacturing facilities, in the expense of shipping raw materials to our facilities, and in the expense of shipping products to our customers. In addition, increases in energy costs may adversely affect the pricing and availability of petroleum-based raw materials, such as resins and foams that are used in manufacturing.
Risks Related to Our Operations
The availability and costs of borrowed funds can adversely affect our ability to obtain adequate boat inventory and the ability and willingness of our customers to finance boat purchases.
The availability and costs of borrowed funds can adversely affect our ability to obtain and maintain adequate boat inventory and the holding costs of that inventory as well as the ability and willingness of our customers to finance boat purchases. We rely on the Amended Credit Agreement to purchase and maintain our inventory of boats. The Amended Credit Agreement provides the Company a line of credit with asset based borrowing availability of up to $950 million and establishes a revolving credit facility in the maximum amount of $100 million, a delayed draw term loan facility to finance the acquisition of IGY Marinas in the maximum amount of $400 million, and a $100 million delayed draw mortgage loan facility. None of our real estate has been pledged for collateral for the Amended Credit Agreement. As of September 30, 2024, we were in compliance with all of the covenants under the Amended Credit Agreement and our additional available borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement was approximately $1.5 million based upon the outstanding borrowing base availability.
Our ability to borrow under the Amended Credit Agreement depends on our ability to continue to satisfy our covenants and other obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement and the ability for our manufacturers to be approved vendors under our Amended Credit Agreement. The variable interest rate under our Amended Credit Agreement will fluctuate with changing market conditions and, accordingly, our interest expense will increase as interest rates rise. Although the Federal Reserve recently cut interest rates, a significant increase in interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our operating results. The aging of our inventory limits our borrowing capacity as defined provisions in the Amended Credit Agreement reduce the allowable advance rate as our inventory ages. Depressed economic conditions, weak consumer spending, turmoil in the credit markets, and lender difficulties, among other potential reasons, could interfere with our ability to maintain compliance with our debt covenants and to utilize the Amended Credit Agreement to fund our operations. Any inability to utilize the Amended Credit Agreement or the acceleration of amounts owed, resulting from a covenant violation, insufficient collateral, or lender difficulties, could require us to seek other sources of funding to repay amounts outstanding under the Amended Credit Agreement or replace or supplement the Amended Credit Agreement, which may not be possible at all or under commercially reasonable terms.
Similarly, decreases in the availability of credit and increases in the cost of credit adversely affect the ability of our customers to purchase boats from us and thereby adversely affect our ability to sell our products and impact the profitability of our finance and insurance activities.
Higher energy, costs and availability of raw materials, parts, components, and fuel costs along with adequate supply may adversely affect our business.
All of the recreational boats we sell are powered by diesel or gasoline engines. Consequently, an interruption in the supply, or a significant increase in the price or tax on the sale of fuel on a regional or national basis could have a material adverse effect on our sales and operating results. Increases in fuel prices negatively impact boat sales. The supply of fuels may be interrupted, rationing may be imposed, or the price of or tax on fuels may significantly increase in the future, adversely impacting our business. Also, increases in energy costs can adversely affect the pricing and availability of petroleum-based raw materials such as resins and foam that are used in many of the marine products produced by boat manufacturers, including Cruisers Yachts and Intrepid Powerboats, increasing our cost of inventory. Additionally, higher fuel prices may also have an adverse effect on demand for our parts and accessories business because higher fuel prices increase the cost of boat ownership and possibly affect product use.
Boat manufacturers, including Cruisers Yachts and Intrepid Powerboats, rely on third parties to supply raw materials used in the manufacturing process, including oil, aluminum, copper, steel, and resins, as well as product parts and components. The prices for these raw materials, parts, and components fluctuate depending on market conditions and, in some instances, commodity prices or trade policies, including tariffs. Substantial increases in the prices of raw materials, parts, and components would increase our product and operating costs, and could reduce our profitability if we are unable to recoup the increased costs through higher product prices or improved operating efficiencies. Similarly, if a critical supplier were to close its operations, cease manufacturing, or otherwise fail to deliver an essential component necessary to our manufacturing operations, that could detrimentally affect our ability to purchase or manufacture and sell products, resulting in an interruption in business operations and/or a loss of sales.
In addition, some components used in the boat manufacturing processes, including certain engine components, furniture, upholstery, and boat windshields, are available from a sole supplier or a limited number of suppliers. Operational and financial difficulties that these or other suppliers may face in the future could adversely affect their ability to supply us with the parts and components we and our boat manufacturers need, which could significantly disrupt our operations. It may be difficult to find a replacement supplier for a limited or sole source raw material, part, or component without significant delay or on commercially reasonable terms. In addition, an uncorrected defect or supplier's variation in a raw material, part, or component, either unknown to us or incompatible with our manufacturing process, could jeopardize our ability to manufacture products.
Some additional supply risks that could disrupt our operations, impair our ability to deliver products to customers, and negatively affect our financial results include:
•an outbreak of disease or facility closures due to a public health threat;
•a deterioration of our relationships with suppliers;
•events such as natural disasters, power outages, or labor strikes;
•financial pressures on our suppliers due to a weakening economy or unfavorable conditions in other end markets;
•supplier manufacturing constraints and investment requirements; or
•disruption at major global ports and shipping hubs.
These risks are exacerbated in the case of single-source suppliers, and the exclusive supplier of a key component could potentially exert significant bargaining power over price, quality, warranty claims, or other terms.
Substantially all of our products are powered with outboard engines from Mercury Marine, Yamaha, and inboard engines from Volvo, which makes us reliant on these companies for the supply of engines.
The availability and cost of engines for our boats and yachts is critical. If we are required to replace Mercury Marine, Yamaha, or Volvo as our engine suppliers for any reason, it could cause a decrease in products available for sale or an increase in our cost of sales, either of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. If we experience an interruption to our engine supply, then this could cause a decrease in products available for sale or an increase in our cost of sales, either of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The availability of boat insurance is critical to our success.
The ability of our customers to secure reasonably affordable boat insurance that is satisfactory to lenders that finance our customers’ purchases is critical to our success. Any difficulty of customers to obtain affordable boat insurance could impede boat sales and adversely affect our business.
Elements of our yacht charter and charter brokerage businesses expose us to certain risks.
Our yacht charter business entails the sale of specifically designed yachts to third parties for inclusion in our yacht charter fleet; a yacht management agreement under which yacht owners enable us to put their yachts in our yacht charter program for a period of several years for a fixed monthly fee payable by us; our services in storing, insuring, and maintaining their yachts; and the charter by us of these yachts to vacation customers at agreed fees payable to us. Our failure to find purchasers for yachts intended for our charter fleet will increase our boat inventory and related operating costs; lack of sales into our charter fleet may result in increased losses due to market adjustments of our yacht charter inventory; and our failure to generate a sufficient number of vacation charter customers will require us to absorb all the costs of the monthly fees to the yacht owners as well as other operating costs.
Customers consider safety and reliability a primary concern in selecting a yacht charter provider. The yacht charter business may present a number of safety risks including, but not limited to, catastrophic disaster, adverse weather and marine conditions, such as Hurricanes Helene and Milton in 2024, mechanical failure and collision, and public health issues. If we are unable to maintain acceptable records for safety and reliability, our ability to retain current customers and attract new customers may be adversely affected. Additionally, any safety issue encountered during a yacht charter may result in claims against us as well as negative publicity. These events could have a material adverse effect on the competitive position and financial performance of both our yacht charter business and our core retail sales business.
The yacht charter business is also highly fragmented, consisting primarily of local operators and franchisees. Competition among charter operators is based on location, the type and size of yachts offered, charter rates, destinations serviced, and attention to customer service. Yacht charters also face competition from other travel and leisure options, including, but not limited to, cruises, hotels, resorts, theme parks, organized tours, land-based casino operators, and vacation ownership properties. We therefore risk losing business not only to other charter operators, but also to vacation operators that provide such alternatives.
We depend on income from financing, insurance and extended service contracts.
A portion of our income results from referral fees derived from the placement or marketing of various finance and insurance products, consisting of customer financing, insurance coverage, and extended service contracts, the most significant component of which is the participation and other fees resulting from our sale of customer financing contracts.
The availability of financing for our boat purchasers and the level of participation and other fees we receive in connection with such financing depend on the particular agreement between us and the lender and the current rate environment. Lenders may impose terms in their boat financing arrangements with us that may be unfavorable to us or our customers. Laws or regulations may be enacted nationally or locally which could result in fees from lenders being eliminated or reduced, materially impacting our operating results. If customer financing becomes more difficult to secure, it may adversely impact our business.
Changes, including the lengthening of manufacturer warranties, may reduce our ability to offer and sell extended service contracts which may have a material adverse impact on our ability to sell F&I products.
The reduction of profit margins on sales of F&I products or the lack of demand for or the unavailability of these products could have a material adverse effect on our operating margins.
Our continued success is dependent on positive perceptions of our MarineMax brand which, if impaired, could adversely affect our sales.
We believe that our MarineMax brand is one of the reasons our customers choose to come to us for their boating needs. To be successful, we must preserve our reputation. Reputational value is based in large part on perceptions, and broad access to social media makes it easy for anyone to provide public feedback that can influence perceptions of us. It may be difficult to control negative publicity, regardless of whether it is accurate. While reputations may take decades to build, any negative incidents can quickly erode trust and confidence, particularly if they result in significant negative mainstream and/or social media publicity, governmental investigations, or litigation. Additionally, an isolated business incident at a single retail location could materially adversely affect our other stores, retail brands, reputation and sales channels, particularly if such incident results in significant adverse publicity, governmental investigations or litigation. Negative incidents, such as quality and safety concerns or incidents related to our manufacturers’ products, could lead to tangible adverse effects on our business, including lost sales or team member retention and recruiting difficulties. In addition, vendors and others with whom we choose to do business may affect our reputation.
Our operations are dependent upon key personnel and team members.
Our success depends, in large part, upon our ability to attract, train and retain, qualified team members and executive officers, as well as the continuing efforts and abilities of team members and executive officers. Although we have employment agreements with certain of our executive officers and management succession plans, we cannot ensure that these or other executive personnel and team members will remain with us, or that our succession planning will adequately mitigate the risk associated with key personnel transitions. As a result of our decentralized operating strategy, we also rely on the management teams of our businesses. In addition, we likely will depend on the senior management of any significant businesses we acquire in the future.
The products we sell, or services we provide, may expose us to potential liabilities for personal injury or property damage claims relating to the use of those products.
Manufacturers of the products we sell generally maintain product liability insurance. We also maintain third-party product liability insurance that we believe to be adequate. We may experience claims that are not covered by, or that are in excess of, our insurance coverage. The institution of any significant claims against us could subject us to damages, result in higher insurance costs, and harm our business reputation with potential customers.
We manufacture and sell products that create exposure to potential claims and litigation.
Our manufacturing operations and the products we produce could result in product quality, warranty, personal injury, property damage, and other issues, thereby increasing the risk of litigation and potential liability, as well as regulatory fines. Historically, the resolution of such claims has not had a materially adverse effect on our business, and we maintain what we believe to be adequate insurance coverage to mitigate a portion of these risks. However, we may experience material losses in the future, incur significant costs to defend claims or issue product recalls, experience claims in excess of our insurance coverage or that are not covered by insurance, or be subjected to fines or penalties. Our reputation may be adversely affected by such claims, whether or not successful, including potential negative publicity about our products. We record accruals for known potential liabilities, but there is the possibility that actual losses may exceed these accruals and therefore negatively impact earnings.
We have a fixed cost base that can affect our profitability if demand decreases.
The fixed cost levels of operating a boat and yacht manufacturer can put pressure on profit margins when sales and production decline. Our profitability depends, in part, on our ability to spread fixed costs over a sufficiently large number of products sold and shipped, and if we make a decision to reduce our rate of production, gross or net margins could be negatively affected. Consequently, decreased demand or the need to reduce production can lower our ability to absorb fixed costs and materially impact our financial condition or results of operations.
Adverse federal tax, state tax, or governmental regulations and policies can have a negative effect on us.
Changes in federal and state tax laws, such as an imposition of luxury taxes on new boat purchases, increases in prevailing federal or state tax rates, and removal of certain interest deductions, also influence consumers’ decisions to purchase products we offer and could have a negative effect on our sales. For example, during 1991 and 1992, the federal government imposed a luxury tax on new recreational boats with sales prices in excess of $100,000, which coincided with a sharp decline in boating industry sales from a high of more than $17.9 billion in 1988 to a low of $10.3 billion in 1992.
In addition, increases in the United States corporate income tax rates would have an adverse effect on our financial performance and financial condition. Further, related increases in capital gains rates, taxes on unrealized capital gains, or personal income tax rates could have an adverse effect on the buying power of potential customers and therefore an adverse effect on our financial performance and financial condition. Additionally, overly burdensome laws, rules, or policies governing the use of recreational boats or yachts in coastal areas and other waterways could adversely affect demand for our products and services.
Marinas may not be readily adaptable to other uses.
Marinas are specific-use properties and may contain features or assets that have limited alternative uses. These properties may also have distinct operational functions that involve specific procedures and training. If the operations of any of our marinas become unprofitable due to industry competition, operational execution or otherwise, then it may not be feasible to operate the property for another use, and the value of certain features or assets used at the property, or the property itself, may be impaired, this would have a material adverse effect on our financial performance.
We may be unable to obtain, renew or maintain permits, licenses and approvals necessary for the operation of our marinas.
Governmental bodies control much of the land located beneath and surrounding many of our marinas and lease such land to MarineMax and IGY Marinas under leases that typically range from five to 50 years. As a result, it is unlikely that we can obtain fee-simple title to the land on or near these marinas. If these governmental authorities terminate, fail to renew, or interpret in ways that are materially less favorable any of the permits, licenses and approvals necessary for operation of these properties, this would have a material adverse effect on our financial performance.
Some marinas must be dredged from time to time to remove silt and mud that collect in harbor-areas in order to assure that boat traffic can safely enter the harbor. Dredging and disposing of the dredged material can be very costly and require permits from various governmental authorities. If the permits necessary to dredge marinas or dispose of the dredged material cannot be timely obtained after the acquisition of a marina, or if dredging is not practical or is exceedingly expensive, this would have a material adverse effect on our financial performance.
Changes in the assumptions used to calculate our acquisition related contingent consideration liabilities could have a material adverse impact on our financial results.
Our recent acquisitions included contingent consideration liabilities relating to payments based on the future performance of the operations acquired. Under generally accepted accounting principles, we are required to estimate the fair value of any contingent consideration. Our estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable but which are uncertain and involve significant judgments. Changes in business conditions or other events could materially change the projection of future earnings used in the fair value calculations of contingent consideration liabilities. We reassess the fair value quarterly, and increases or decreases based on the actual or expected future performance of the acquired operations will be recorded in our results of operations. These quarterly adjustments could have a material effect on our results of operations.
An impairment in the carrying value of long-lived assets and goodwill could negatively impact our financial results and net worth.
Our long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, are required to be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstance indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. As of September 30, 2024, we have approximately $533 million of property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation, recorded on our consolidated balance sheet. Recoverability of an asset is measured by comparison of its carrying amount to undiscounted future net cash flows the asset is expected to generate. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair market value. Estimates of expected future cash flows represent our best estimate based on currently available information and reasonable and supportable assumptions. Our impairment loss calculations contain uncertainties because they require us to make assumptions and to apply judgment in order to estimate expected future cash flows.
Additionally, our goodwill is recorded at fair value at the time of acquisition and is not amortized but reviewed for impairment at least annually or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. In evaluating the potential for impairment of goodwill, we make assumptions regarding industry conditions, our future financial performance, and other factors. Uncertainties are inherent in evaluating and applying these factors to the assessment of goodwill. While we do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a change in the judgments and assumptions used in our assessments of goodwill and long-lived assets which would result in a material effect on our operating results, we cannot predict whether events or circumstances will change in the future that could result in non-cash impairment charges that could adversely impact our financial results and net worth.
Risks Related to the Environment and Geography
Weather and environmental conditions may adversely impact our business.
Weather and environmental conditions may adversely impact our operating results. For example, drought conditions, reduced rainfall levels, excessive rain and environmental conditions, and hurricanes may force boating areas to close or render boating dangerous or inconvenient, thereby curtailing customer demand for our products. While we traditionally maintain a full range of insurance coverage for any such events, there can be no assurance that such insurance coverage is adequate to cover losses that we sustain as a result of such disasters. In addition, unseasonably cool weather and prolonged winter conditions may lead to shorter selling seasons in certain locations. Many of our dealerships sell boats to customers for use on reservoirs, thereby subjecting our business to the continued viability of these reservoirs for boating use. Although our geographic diversity and any future geographic expansion should reduce the overall impact on us of adverse weather and environmental conditions in any one market area, weather and environmental conditions will continue to represent potential material adverse risks to us and our future operating performance.
Demand for wet slip storage increases during the summer months in our northern markets as customers contract for the summer boating season. Demand for dry storage increases during the winter season as seasonal weather patterns in certain geographies require boat owners to store their vessels on dry docks and within covered racks. Our results on a quarterly basis can fluctuate due to this cyclicality and seasonality.
Additionally, to the extent unfavorable weather conditions are exacerbated by global climate change, regardless of the cause, resulting in environmental changes including, but not limited to, severe weather, changing sea levels, poor water conditions, or reduced access to water, such conditions could disrupt or negatively affect our business.
Environmental and climate changes could affect our business.
We operate many retail locations near or on bodies of water that are acutely susceptible to the risks associated with climate change. Such risks include those related to the physical impacts of climate change, such as more frequent and severe weather events, rising sea levels, and/or long term shifts in climate patterns, and risks related to the transition to a lower-carbon economy, such as reputational, market and/or regulatory risks. Climate change and climate events could result in social, cultural and economic disruptions in these areas, including supply chain disruptions, the disruption of local infrastructure and transportation systems that could limit the ability of our team members and our customers to access our retail locations. These events could also compound adverse economic conditions and impact consumer confidence and discretionary spending.
A significant amount of our boat sales are from the State of Florida.
Economic conditions, weather and environmental conditions, competition, market conditions, and any other adverse conditions impacting the State of Florida in which we generated approximately 51%, 53% and 53% of our dealership revenue during fiscal 2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively, could have a major impact on our operations.
Environmental and other regulatory issues may impact our operations.
Our operations are subject to extensive regulation, supervision, and licensing under various federal, state and local statutes, ordinances and regulations, such as those relating to finance and insurance, consumer protection, consumer privacy, escheatment, anti-money laundering, the environment, emissions, health or safety, U.S. trade sanctions, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and employment practices. With respect to employment practices, we are subject to various laws and regulations, including complex federal, state and local wage and hour and anti-discrimination laws. The failure to satisfy those and other regulatory requirements could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations, as well as potentially the assessment of damages, the imposition of penalties, changes to our processes, or a cessation of our operations, and/or damage to our image and reputation.
Various federal, state, and local regulatory agencies, including OSHA, EPA, and similar federal and local agencies, have jurisdiction over the operation of our dealerships, repair facilities, and other operations, with respect to matters such as consumer protection, workers’ safety, and laws regarding protection of the environment, including air, water, and soil. The EPA promulgated emissions regulations for outboard marine engines that impose stricter emissions standards for two-cycle, gasoline outboard marine engines. It is possible that environmental regulatory bodies (including state regulatory bodies) may impose higher emissions standards in the future for these and other marine engines. Any increased costs of producing engines resulting from current or potentially higher EPA or state standards in the future could be passed on to our company, or could result in the inability or potential unforeseen delays of our manufacturers to comply with current and future EPA or state requirements, and these potential consequences could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Certain of our facilities own and operate USTs, and ASTs for the storage of various petroleum products. USTs and ASTs are generally subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations that require testing and upgrading of tanks and remediation of contaminated soils and groundwater resulting from leaking tanks. In addition, we may be subject to civil liability to third parties for remediation costs or other damages if leakage from our owned or operated tanks migrates onto the property of others.
Our business involves the use, handling, storage, and contracting for recycling or disposal of hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, including environmentally sensitive materials, such as motor oil, waste motor oil and filters, transmission fluid, antifreeze, freon, waste paint and lacquer thinner, batteries, solvents, lubricants, degreasing agents, gasoline and diesel fuels. Accordingly, we are subject to regulation by federal, state and local authorities establishing investigation and health and environmental quality standards, and liability related thereto, and providing penalties for violations of those standards.
Our Product Manufacturing segment is regulated by federal, state and local environmental laws governing our use, transport and disposal of substances and control of emissions. While we are unaware of any failure to comply with these laws or any contamination at our facilities, the costs of compliance, including remediations of any discovered issues and any changes to our operations mandated by new or amended laws, may be significant, and any failures to comply could result in material expenses, delays or fines.
We also are subject to laws, ordinances, and regulations governing investigation and remediation of contamination at facilities we operate or to which we send hazardous or toxic substances or wastes for treatment, recycling or disposal. In particular, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA” or “Superfund”) imposes joint, strict, and several liability on:
•owners or operators of facilities at, from, or to which a release of hazardous substances has occurred;
•parties that generated hazardous substances that were released at such facilities; and
•parties that transported or arranged for the transportation of hazardous substances to such facilities.
A majority of states have adopted Superfund statutes comparable to and, in some cases, more stringent than CERCLA. If we were to be found to be a responsible party under CERCLA or a similar state statute, we could be held liable for all investigative and remedial costs associated with addressing such contamination. In addition, claims alleging personal injury or property damage may be brought against us as a result of alleged exposure to hazardous substances resulting from our operations. In addition, certain of our retail locations are located on waterways that are subject to federal or state laws regulating navigable waters (including oil pollution prevention), fish and wildlife, and other matters.
Soil and groundwater contamination has been known to exist at certain properties owned or leased by us. We have also been required, and may in the future be required, to remove USTs and ASTs containing hazardous substances or wastes. As to certain of our properties, specific releases of petroleum have been or are in the process of being remediated in accordance with state and federal guidelines. We are monitoring the soil and groundwater as required by applicable state and federal guidelines. We also may have additional storage tank liability insurance and Superfund coverage where applicable. Environmental laws and regulations are complex and subject to frequent change. Compliance with amended, new or more stringent laws or regulations, more strict interpretations of existing laws, or the future discovery of environmental conditions may require additional expenditures by us, and such expenditures may be material.
Additionally, certain states have required or are considering requiring a license in order to operate a recreational boat. These regulations could discourage potential buyers, thereby limiting future sales and adversely affecting our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Risks Related to Cybersecurity
Increased cybersecurity requirements, threats and more sophisticated and targeted computer crime could pose a risk to our systems, networks, data and our third-party service providers. Our business operations could be negatively impacted by an outage or breach of our informational technology systems or a cybersecurity event.
Our business is dependent upon the efficient operation of our technology platform. The platform facilitates the interchange of information and enhances cross-selling opportunities throughout our company. The platform integrates each level of operations on a Company-wide basis, including but not limited to inventory, financial reporting, budgeting, marketing, sales management, as well as to prepare our consolidated financial and operating data. The failure of our technology platform to perform as designed or the failure to maintain and enhance or protect the integrity of our technology platform and those of our third-party service providers, could disrupt our business operations, impact sales and the results of operations, expose us to customer or third-party claims, or result in adverse publicity.
Increased global cybersecurity threats and more sophisticated and targeted cyber-related attacks (including ransomware) pose a risk to the security of our and our customers’, suppliers’ and third-party service providers’ products, systems and networks and the confidentiality, availability and integrity of our data. Unauthorized parties may also attempt to gain access to our systems or facilities, or those of third parties with whom we do business, through fraud, social engineering or other forms of deceiving our team members, contractors, vendors, and temporary staff. While we attempt to mitigate these risks by employing extensive measures, including employee training, defensive systems, proactive monitoring and testing, and maintenance of protective systems and contingency plans, we remain potentially vulnerable to additional known or unknown threats. See “Item 1C. Cybersecurity” included in this report for a discussion of our cybersecurity procedures and policies.
We may also have access to sensitive, confidential or personal data or information that is subject to privacy, security laws, and regulations. Despite our efforts to protect sensitive, confidential or personal data or information, we and our third-party service providers may be vulnerable to security breaches, theft, misplaced or lost data, programming errors, employee errors and/or malfeasance that could potentially lead to the compromising of sensitive, confidential or personal data or information, improper use of our systems, unauthorized access, use, disclosure, modification or destruction of information, and operational disruptions. As previously disclosed in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 12, 2024 and a Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed with the SEC on April 1, 2024, we experienced a cybersecurity incident (the “Incident”) whereby a cybercrime organization accessed a limited portion of our information environment that included some personally identifiable information. Although as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the incident has not resulted in material impacts to the Company’s operations, financial conditions or results of operations, the
Company remains subject to risks and uncertainties as a result of the incident and any future instances of unauthorized access to our information environment could have material adverse effects on our business.
It is possible that we or our third-party service providers might not be aware of a successful cyber-related attack on our systems until well after the incident. In addition, a cyber-related attack could result in other negative consequences, including damage to our reputation or competitiveness, remediation or increased protection costs, litigation or regulatory action, and could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Depending on the nature of the data compromised, we may have obligations to notify customers and/or employees about the incident, and we may need to provide some form of remedy, such as a subscription to a credit monitoring service, for the individuals affected by the incident, which could result in material reputational damage to us. While we traditionally maintain a full range of insurance coverage for any such events, there can be no assurance that such insurance coverage is adequate to cover losses that we sustain as a result of an outage or breach of our technology platform or a cybersecurity event.
We are also subject to laws and regulations in the United States and other countries concerning the handling of personal information, including laws that require us to notify governmental authorities and/or affected individuals of data breaches involving certain personal information. These laws and regulations include, for example, the European General Data Protection Regulation, effective May 2018, the California Consumer Privacy Act, effective January 2020, other similar state Consumer Privacy regulations, and new SEC cybersecurity-related disclosures adopted in July 2023. Regulatory actions or litigation seeking to impose significant penalties could be brought against us in the event of a data breach or alleged non-compliance with such laws and regulations.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
The timing and amount of our share repurchases are subject to a number of uncertainties.
The Company maintains a stock repurchase plan authorizing the Company to purchase up to $100 million of its common stock through March 2026. There is no guarantee that our stock repurchase plans will be able to successfully mitigate the dilutive effect of stock options and stock-based grants. The success of our stock repurchase plans is based upon a number of factors, including the price and availability of the Company’s stock, general market conditions, the nature of other investment opportunities available to us from time to time, and the availability of cash.
We do not pay cash dividends.
We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock and we have no current intention to do so for the foreseeable future.
If securities analysts do not publish research or reports about our company, or if they issue unfavorable commentary about us or our industry or downgrade our common stock, the price of our common stock could decline.
The trading market for our common stock depends in part on the research and reports that third-party securities analysts publish about our company and our industry. We may be unable or slow to attract research coverage and if one or more analysts cease coverage of our company, we could lose visibility in the market. In addition, one or more of these analysts could downgrade our common stock or issue other negative commentary about our company or our industry. As a result of one or more of these factors, the trading price of our common stock could decline.
Certain activist shareholder actions could cause us to incur expense and hinder execution of our strategies.
We actively engage in discussions with our shareholders regarding further strengthening our Company and creating long-term shareholder value. This ongoing dialogue can include certain divisive activist tactics, which can take many forms. Some shareholder activism, including potential proxy contests, could result in substantial costs, such as legal fees and expenses, and divert management's and our Board's attention and resources from our business and strategic plans. Additionally, public shareholder activism could give rise to perceived uncertainties as to our future, adversely affect our relationships with suppliers or customers, make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel, and cause our stock price to fluctuate based on temporary or speculative market perceptions or other factors that do not necessarily reflect the underlying fundamentals and prospects of our businesses. These risks could adversely affect our financial performance.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Item 2.	Properties
The Retail Operations segment includes our leased corporate offices in Clearwater, Florida. We also lease 46 properties under leases in the United States and British Virgin Islands, many of which contain multi-year renewal options and some of which grant us right of first refusal to purchase the property at fair value. In most cases, we pay a fixed rent at negotiated rates. In substantially all of the leased locations, we are responsible for taxes, utilities, insurance, and routine repairs and maintenance. We own 38 properties associated with the retail locations we operate. Additionally, we have six retail locations that are currently leased to a third-party or are held for sale. A store is considered one or more retail locations that are adjacent or operate as one entity. Fraser Yachts Group and Northrop & Johnson lease offices in the United States and Europe.
The following table reflects the status, approximate size, and facilities of the various retail locations in the United States and British Virgin Islands we operate as of the date of this report.
Location
Location Type
Square
Footage(1)
Facilities at Property
Operated
Since(2)
Waterfront
Alabama
Gulf Shores
Company owned
4,000
Retail and service
-
California
Newport Beach
Third-party lease
1,000
Retail only, 4 wet slips
Newport Bay
San Diego
Third-party lease
1,400
Retail only, 12 wet slips
San Diego Bay
Sausalito
Third-party lease
2,000
Retail and service; 6 wet slips
Richardson Bay
Connecticut
Norwalk
Third-party lease
9,000
Retail and service; 42 wet slips
Norwalk Harbor
Westbrook
Third-party lease
4,200
Retail and service
Westbrook Harbor
Florida
Cape Haze (3)
Company owned
18,000
Retail and Service, 12 wet slips
-
Intracoastal Waterway
Clearwater
Company owned
42,000
Retail and service; 18 wet slips
Tampa Bay
Cocoa
Company owned
15,000
Retail and service
-
Dania
Company owned
32,000
Repair and service; 10 wet slips
Port Everglades
Fort Walton Beach
Company owned
4,500
Retail and service; 14 wet slips
Choctawhatchee Bay
Fort Myers
Company owned
60,000
Retail, service, marina and storage; 124 wet slips
Caloosahatchee River
Islamorada
Third-party lease
Retail, service
Florida Keys
Jacksonville
Third-party lease
9,000
Retail and service
Intracoastal Waterway
Jupiter
Third-party lease
2,187
Retail and service
Loxahatchee River
Key Largo
Third-party lease
8,900
Retail and service; 24 wet slips
Card Sound
Miami
Company owned
7,200
Retail and service; 17 wet slips
Little River
Miami
Company owned
5,000
Service only; 12 wet slips
Little River
Naples
Company owned
19,600
Retail and service; 17 wet slips
Naples Bay
North Palm Beach
Third-party lease
1,000
Retail only
Intracoastal Waterway
Orlando
Third-party lease
18,400
Retail and service
-
Panama City
Third-party lease
10,500
Retail only; 8 wet slips
Saint Andrews Bay
Pensacola
Company owned
52,800
Retail, service, marina, and storage; 60 wet slips
Pensacola Bay
Pompano Beach
Company owned
23,000
Retail and service; 17 wet slips
Intracoastal Waterway
Pompano Beach
Company owned
5,400
Retail and service; 24 wet slips
Intracoastal Waterway
Sarasota
Third-party lease
26,500
Retail, service, and storage; 14 wet slips
Sarasota Bay
St. Petersburg
Company owned
12,000
Retail and service; 96 wet slips
Boca Ciega Bay
Stuart
Company owned
22,400
Retail, marina and service; 57 wet slips
Intracoastal Waterway
Tarpon Springs (3)
Company owned
5,740
Service only; 18 wet slips
Anclote River
Venice
Company owned
62,000
Retail, marina, service, and storage; 73 wet slips
Intracoastal Waterway
West Palm Beach
Third-party lease
1,678
Retail only
-
Georgia
Buford (Atlanta) (3)
Company owned
13,500
Retail and service
-
Cumming (Atlanta)
Third-party lease
13,500
Retail and service; 50 wet slips
Lake Lanier
Savannah
Third-party lease
50,600
Retail, marina, service and storage; 36 wet slips
Wilmington River
Illinois
Prairie Harbor
Third-party lease
3,500
Marina, 140 wet slips
Lake Michigan
Sequoit Harbor Antioch
Third-party lease
85,300
Retail, marina, service and storage; 208 wet slips
Lake Marie
Winthrop Harbor
Third-party lease
319,100
Retail, marina, service and storage; 53 wet slips
Lake Michigan
Maryland
Kent Island
Third-party lease
30,500
Retail, service, and storage
Kent Narrows
Joppa (3)
Company owned
28,400
Retail, service, and storage; 294 wet slips
Gunpowder River
Massachusetts
Danvers
Third-party lease
32,000
Retail and service
-
Quincy
Company owned
14,700
Retail, service, and storage; 247 wet slips
Town River
Michigan
Bay City
Third-party lease
195,800
Retail, marina, service and storage; 59 wet slips
Saginaw River
Bele Mear Harbor
Third-party lease
8,500
Retail and service, 4 wet slips
Lake St. Clair
Cass Lake
Third-party lease
31,600
Retail, marina, service and storage; 124 wet slips
Cass Lake
Grand Haven
Third-party lease
32,000
Retail, service, and storage; 6 wet slips
Spring Lake
Lake Fenton
Third-party lease
57,900
Retail, marina, service and storage; 123 wet slips
Lake Fenton
Mac Ray Harbor
Third-party lease
Retail only, 4 wet slips
Lake St. Clair
Minnesota
Bayport
Third-party lease
Retail only; 10 wet slips
St. Croix River
Crosslake
Company owned
68,040
Retail, marina, service and storage; 56 wet slips
Whitefish Chain of Lakes
Excelsior
Third-party lease
2,500
Retail only; 14 wet slips
Lake Minnetonka
Rogers
Company owned
69,512
Retail, service, and storage
-
Nisswa
Company owned
108,400
Retail, service, and storage
Nisswa Lake
Missouri
Lake Ozark
Company owned
60,300
Retail, marina, service, and storage; 218 wet slips
Lake of the Ozarks
Laurie (3)
Company owned
Retail
-
-
Osage Beach
Company owned
2,000
Retail and service
-
New Jersey
Brant Beach
Company owned
3,800
Retail, service, and storage; 36 wet slips
Barnegat Bay
Brick
Company owned
20,000
Retail, service, and storage; 225 wet slips
Manasquan River
Lake Hopatcong
Company owned
4,600
Retail and service; 80 wet slips
Lake Hopatcong
Ship Bottom (3)
Company owned
19,300
Retail and service
-
Somers Point
Company owned
35,000
Retail, service, and storage; 33 wet slips
Little Egg Harbor Bay
Ocean View
Company owned
13,800
Retail, service, and storage
-
New York
Huntington
Third-party lease
1,200
Retail and service
Huntington Harbor and Long Island Sound
North Carolina
Lake Norman
Third-party lease
10,300
Retail only
-
Wrightsville Beach
Third-party lease
34,500
Retail, service, and storage; 42 wet slips
Masonboro Inlet
Ohio
Marina Del Isle
Company owned
163,153
Retail, marina, service and storage; 189 wet slips
Lake Erie
Port Clinton
Company owned
80,000
Retail, service and storage
Lake Erie
Oklahoma
Grand Lake
Company owned
3,500
Retail and service; 23 wet slips
Grand Lake
Rhode Island
Newport
Third-party lease
Retail only
Newport Harbor
South Carolina
Charleston
Third-party lease
14,800
Retail, service, and storage
-
Greenville
Third-party lease
24,500
Retail, service, and storage
-
Lake Wylie
Third-party lease
76,400
Retail, marina, service and storage; 82 wet slips
Lake Wylie
Texas
Austin
Third-party lease
26,000
Retail and service
-
Lewisville (Dallas)
Company owned
22,000
Retail and service
-
Seabrook
Company owned
127,740
Retail, service, marina, and storage; 34 wet slips
Clear Lake
Fort Worth (3)
Company owned
40,162
Retail and service
-
Washington
Seattle
Third-party lease
Retail only, 6 wet slips
Lake Union
Wisconsin
Harbor Club Marina
Third-party lease
1,000
Marina, 140 wet slips
Sturgeon Bay
Lake Geneva
Third-party lease
114,900
Retail, service and storage; 2 wet slips
-
Madison
Third-party lease
138,300
Retail, marina, service and storage; 135 wet slips
Lake Mendota
Milwaukee
Third-party lease
68,100
Retail, service and storage; 11 wet slips
Kinnickinnic River
Oshkosh
Third-party lease
98,300
Retail, marina, service and storage; 98 wet slips
Lake Butte Des Mortes
Pewaukee
Third-party lease
157,200
Retail, service and storage;
-
Sturgeon Bay
Third-party lease
222,200
Retail, marina, service and storage; 260 wet slips
Sturgeon Bay
British Virgin Islands
Tortola
Third-party lease
2,600
Vacation charters; 45 wet slips
Caribbean Sea
(1)Square footage is approximate and does not include outside sales space or dock or marina facilities.
(2)Operated since date is the date the facility was opened by us or opened prior to its acquisition by us.
(3)Owned location that is leased to a third-party or held for sale.
IGY Marinas offers a global network of marinas in the Americas, the Caribbean, Europe, and Asia. The following table reflects the location and status of the various IGY Marinas.
Location
Location Type
Colombia
Marina Santa Marta
Marketed (1)
Costa Rica
Marina Bahia Golfito
Marketed (1)
England
St. Katharine Docks
Managed (2)
France
IGY Sète Marina
Third-party lease
IGY Vieux - Port de Cannes
Joint venture
Italy, Sardinia
IGY Portisco Marina
Company owned and third-party lease (3)
Marina Di Porto Cervo (Marina & Shipyard)
Managed (2)
Mexico
Marina Cabo San Lucas
Company owned and third-party lease (3)
Panama
Red Frog Beach Island Marina
Third-party lease
Providenciales, Turks & Caicos
Blue Haven Marina
Marketed (1)
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Sindalah Marina
Managed (2)
Spain
IGY Málaga Marina
Joint venture
Málaga San Andres Marina
Managed (2)
IGY Ibiza Marina
Joint venture
St. Maarten
Simpson Bay Marina
Third-party lease
Yacht Club Isle de Sol
Third-party lease
St. Lucia
Rodney Bay Marina
Company owned
United States, Florida
Yacht Haven Grande Miami at Island Gardens
Third-party lease
Maximo Marina, St. Petersburg
Managed (2)
United States, Georgia
IGY Savannah Harbor Marina
Company owned and third-party lease (3)
United States, New York
North Cove Marina at Brookfield Place
Managed (2)
United States Virgin Islands, Saint Thomas
Yacht Haven Grande
Company owned and third-party lease (3)
American Yacht Harbor
Company owned and third-party lease (3)
(1)Marinas are marketed under the IGY Marinas brand.
(2)Marinas are managed by IGY Marinas.
(3)Owned or controlled through third-party leases or concession agreements.
We have leased offices in the United States through the Fraser Yachts Group and Northrop & Johnson in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida and San Diego, California as well as leased offices outside the United States in Monaco, France, Italy, Spain, Greece and the United Kingdom.
The Product Manufacturing segment operates out of four owned manufacturing properties, three in the Green Bay, Wisconsin metropolitan area, and one in Largo, Florida. We also own a manufacturing property in Swansboro, North Carolina that is currently being leased to third-parties. Additionally, we have one leased office in Dania, Florida.
We believe that our properties are suitable and adequate for our current needs. We believe that our manufacturing facilities have adequate capacity to meet our current and anticipated demand. We believe that our properties are well maintained and in good operating condition.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings
We are party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. While it is not feasible to determine the actual outcome of these actions as of September 30, 2024, we do not believe that these matters will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
Item 5.	Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Market Information, Holders
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “HZO”. The following table sets forth high and low sale prices of the common stock for each calendar quarter indicated as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.
High
Low
Fourth quarter
$
43.80
$
29.14
First quarter
$
34.62
$
27.78
Second quarter
$
35.26
$
26.71
Third quarter
$
34.26
$
26.53
Fourth quarter
$
40.71
$
31.33
First quarter
$
39.21
$
27.12
Second quarter
$
38.82
$
27.95
Third quarter
$
36.21
$
24.51
Fourth quarter (through November 12, 2024)
$
33.61
$
28.69
On November 12, 2024, the closing sale price of our common stock was $30.83 per share. On November 12, 2024, there were approximately 50 record holders and approximately 18,500 beneficial owners of our common stock.
Dividends
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently plan to retain any earnings to finance the growth of our business rather than to pay cash dividends. Payments of any cash dividends in the future will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, statutory restrictions, loan covenants and capital requirements as well as other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors (such as market expectations).
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer
The following table presents information with respect to our repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Period
Total
Number
of Shares
Purchased (1)(2)
Average
Price Paid
per Share
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
as Part of
Publicly
Announced
Plans or
Programs
Maximum Number of Shares that may be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
July 1, 2024 to July 31, 2024
-
$
-
-
2,806,398
August 1, 2024 to August 31, 2024
-
-
-
3,085,092
September 1, 2024 to September 30, 2024
107,653
35.27
-
2,774,571
Total
107,653
$
35.27
-
2,774,571
(1)Under the terms of the share repurchase program announced on March 11, 2024, the Company is authorized to purchase up to $100 million of its common stock through March 31, 2026. The maximum number of shares that may be purchased is calculated based on the share price at the end of the period.
(2)107,653 shares reported in September 2024 are attributable to shares tendered by employees for the payment of applicable withholding taxes in connection with the vesting of restricted stock or restricted stock unit awards.
Performance Graph
The following line graph compares cumulative total shareholder returns for the five years ended September 30, 2024 for (i) our common stock, (ii) the Russell 2000 Index, and (iii) the Nasdaq Retail Trade Index. The graph assumes an investment of $100 on September 30, 2019. The calculations of cumulative shareholder return on the Russell 2000 Index and the Dow Jones US Retail Total Stock Market Index include reinvestment of dividends. The calculation of cumulative shareholder return on our common stock does not
include reinvestment of dividends because we did not pay any dividends during the measurement period. The historical performance shown is not necessarily indicative of future performance.
The performance graph above shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. The performance graph above will not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing of our company under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Item 6.	[Reserved]

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
Item 7.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following should be read in conjunction with Part I, including the matters set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of this report, and our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this report. This section of this Form 10-K generally discusses fiscal 2024 and 2023 items and year-to-year comparisons between fiscal 2024 and 2023. Discussions of fiscal 2022 items and year-to-year comparisons between fiscal 2023 and 2022 that are not included in this Form 10-K can be found in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023.
Overview
We believe we are the largest recreational boat and yacht retailer and superyacht services company in the world. Through our over 75 retail locations in 21 states, we sell new and used recreational boats and related marine products, including engines, trailers, parts, and accessories. We also arrange related boat financing, insurance, and extended service contracts; provide boat repair and maintenance services; offer yacht and boat brokerage sales; and, where available, offer slip and storage accommodations. In the British Virgin Islands, we offer the charter of catamarans, through MarineMax Vacations. We also own Fraser Yachts Group, a leading superyacht brokerage and luxury yacht services company with operations in multiple countries, Northrop & Johnson, another leading superyacht brokerage and services company with operations in multiple countries, SkipperBud’s, one of the largest boat sales, brokerage, service and marina/storage groups in the United States, and Cruisers Yachts, a manufacturer of sport yacht and yachts with sales through our select retail dealership locations and through independent dealers.
In April 2022, through Northrop & Johnson, we acquired Superyacht Management, S.A.R.L., better known as SYM, a superyacht management company based in Golfe-Juan, France. In August 2022, we expanded our presence in Texas by acquiring Endeavour Marina in Seabrook. In October 2022, we completed the acquisition of IGY Marinas. IGY Marinas maintains a network of luxury marinas situated in yachting and sport fishing destinations around the world. IGY Marinas has created standards for service and quality in nautical tourism. It offers a global network of marinas in the Americas, the Caribbean, Europe, and Asia, delivering year-round accommodations. IGY Marinas caters to a wide variety of luxury yachts, while also being exclusive home ports for some of the world’s largest megayachts. In December 2022, we acquired Midcoast Marine Group, a leading full-service marine construction company based on Central Florida's Gulf Coast. In January 2023, we acquired Boatzon, a boat and marine digital retail platform, through our recently formed technology entity, New Wave Innovations. In June 2023, we acquired C&C Boat Works, a full-service boat dealer in Crosslake, Minnesota. In October 2023, we acquired AGY, a luxury charter management agency based in Athens, Greece. In March 2024, we acquired Williams, a premier distributor and retailer for UK-based Williams Jet Tenders Ltd., the world’s leading manufacturer of rigid inflatable jet tenders for the luxury yacht market. In March 2024, we also acquired Native Marine, a boat dealer based in Islamorada, Florida. In October 2024, our Cruisers Yachts subsidiary assumed the rights to MasterCraft's Aviara brand of luxury dayboats.
MarineMax was incorporated in January 1998 (and reincorporated in Florida in March 2015). We commenced operations with the acquisition of five independent recreational boat dealers on March 1, 1998. Since the initial acquisitions in March 1998, we have, as of the filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, acquired 35 recreational boat dealers, five boat brokerage operations, six superyacht service companies, two full-service yacht repair operations and two boat and yacht manufacturers. As a part of our acquisition strategy, we frequently engage in discussions with various recreational boat dealers regarding their potential acquisition by us. Potential acquisition discussions frequently take place over a long period of time and involve difficult business integration and other issues, including, in some cases, management succession and related matters. As a result of these and other factors, a number of potential acquisitions that from time to time appear likely to occur do not result in binding legal agreements and are not consummated. We completed four acquisitions in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, four acquisitions in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, and three acquisitions in the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024.
General economic conditions and consumer spending patterns can negatively impact our operating results. Unfavorable local, regional, national or global economic developments or uncertainties regarding future economic prospects could reduce consumer spending in the markets we serve and adversely affect our business. Economic conditions in areas in which we operate dealerships, particularly Florida in which we generated approximately 51%, 53%, and 53% of our dealership revenue during fiscal 2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively, can have a major impact on our operations. Local influences, such as corporate downsizing, military base closings, and inclement weather such as hurricanes and other storms, environmental conditions, and specific events, such as the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, also could adversely affect, and in certain instances have adversely affected, our operations in certain markets.
In an economic downturn, consumer discretionary spending levels generally decline, at times resulting in disproportionately large reductions in the sale of luxury goods. Consumer spending on luxury goods also may decline as a result of lower consumer confidence levels, even if prevailing economic conditions are favorable. Additionally, the Federal Reserve's prior increases of its benchmark interest rate have resulted in significantly higher long-term interest rates, which may continue to negatively impact our customers’ willingness or desire to purchase our products. As a result, an economic downturn or inflation could impact us more than certain of our competitors due to our strategic focus on a higher end of our market. However, the Federal Reserve has recently cut interest rates and is expected to further cut interest rates. Although we have expanded our operations during periods of stagnant or modestly declining industry trends,
the cyclical nature of the recreational boating industry or the lack of industry growth may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Any period of adverse economic conditions, low consumer confidence or inflation is likely to have a negative effect on our business.
Historically, in periods of lower consumer spending and depressed economic conditions, we have, among other things, substantially reduced our acquisition program, delayed new store openings, reduced our inventory purchases, engaged in inventory reduction efforts, closed a number of our retail locations, reduced our headcount, and amended and replaced our credit facility.
Although past economic conditions have adversely affected our operating results, we believe during and after such conditions we have capitalized on our core strengths to substantially outperform the industry, resulting in market share gains. Our ability to capture such market share supports the alignment of our retailing strategies with the desires of consumers. We believe the steps we have taken to address weak market conditions in the past have yielded, and we believe are likely to yield in the future, an increase in revenue. Acquisitions remain an important strategy for us, and, subject to a number of conditions, including macro-economic conditions and finding attractive acquisition targets, we plan to explore opportunities through this strategy. We expect our core strengths and retailing strategies including our digital platform, will position us to capitalize on growth opportunities as they occur and will allow us to emerge with greater earnings potential.
As of September 30, 2024, the Retail Operations segment includes the activity of over 75 retail locations in Alabama, California, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas, Washington and Wisconsin, where we sell new and used recreational boats, including pleasure and fishing boats, with a focus on premium brands in each segment. We also sell related marine products, including engines, trailers, parts, and accessories. In addition, we provide repair, maintenance, and slip and storage rentals; we arrange related boat financing, insurance, and extended service contracts; and we offer boat and yacht brokerage sales, and yacht charter services. In the British Virgin Islands, we offer the charter of catamarans through MarineMax Vacations. Fraser Yachts Group and Northrop & Johnson, leading superyacht brokerage and luxury yacht services companies with operations in multiple countries, are also included in this segment. Through IGY Marinas, which is also included in this segment, we maintain a network of strategically positioned luxury marinas situated in yachting and sport fishing destinations around the world. The Retail Operations segment includes the majority of all corporate costs.
As of September 30, 2024, the Product Manufacturing segment includes activity of Cruisers Yachts and Intrepid Powerboats. Cruisers Yachts, a wholly-owned MarineMax subsidiary, manufactures sport yacht and yachts with sales through our select retail dealership locations and through independent dealers. Cruisers Yachts is recognized as one of the world’s premier manufacturers of premium sport yacht and yachts, producing models from 33’ to 60’ feet. Intrepid Powerboats, also a wholly-owned MarineMax subsidiary, is a producer of customized boats. Intrepid Powerboats follows a direct-to-consumer distribution model and has received many awards and accolades for its innovations and high-quality craftsmanship that create industry leading products in their categories.
Critical Accounting Estimates
We have identified the policies below as critical to our business operations and the understanding of our results of operations. The impact and risks related to these policies on our business operations are discussed throughout “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” when such policies affect our reported and expected financial results.
In the ordinary course of business, we make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of results of operations and financial condition in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. We base our estimates on historical experiences and on various other assumptions (including future earnings) that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. The results of these assumptions form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities, including contingent assets and liabilities such as contingent consideration liabilities from acquisitions, which are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates under different assumptions and conditions. We believe that the following discussion addresses our most critical accounting policies, which are those that are most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and require our most difficult, subjective, and complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue from boat, motor, and trailer sales upon transfer of control of the boat, motor, or trailer to the customer, which is generally upon acceptance of the boat, motor, and trailer by the customer and the satisfaction of our performance obligations. The transaction price is determined with the customer at the time of sale. Customers may trade in a used boat to apply toward the purchase of a new or used boat. The trade-in is a type of noncash consideration measured at fair value, based on external and internal observable and unobservable market data and applied as payment to the contract price for the purchased boat. At the time of acceptance, the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the benefits of the boat, motor, or trailer. We recognize
commissions earned from a brokerage sale when the related brokerage transaction closes upon transfer of control of the boat, motor, or trailer to the customer, which is generally upon acceptance by the customer.
We do not directly finance our customers’ boat, motor, or trailer purchases. In many cases, we assist with third-party financing for boat, motor, and trailer sales. We recognize commissions earned by us for placing notes with financial institutions in connection with customer boat financing when we recognize the related boat sales. Pursuant to negotiated agreements with financial institutions, we are charged back for a portion of these fees should the customer terminate or default on the related finance contract before it is outstanding for a stipulated minimum period of time. We base the chargeback allowance, which was not material to the consolidated financial statements taken as a whole as of September 30, 2023 and 2024, on our experience with repayments or defaults on the related finance contracts. We recognize variable consideration from commissions earned on extended warranty service contracts sold on behalf of third-party insurance companies at generally the later of customer acceptance of the service contract terms as evidenced by contract execution or recognition of the related boat sale. We also recognize marketing fees earned on insurance products sold on behalf of third-party insurance companies at the later of customer acceptance of the insurance product as evidenced by contract execution or when the related boat sale is recognized.
We recognize revenue from parts and service operations (boat maintenance and repairs) over time as services are performed. Each boat maintenance and repair service is a single performance obligation that includes both the parts and labor associated with the service. Payment for boat maintenance and repairs is typically due upon the completion of the service, which is generally completed within a short period of time from contract inception. We satisfy our performance obligations, transfer control, and recognize revenue over time for parts and service operations because we are creating a contract asset with no alternative use and we have an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. Contract assets primarily relate to our right to consideration for work in process not yet billed at the reporting date associated with maintenance and repair services. Contract assets, recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets, totaled approximately $5.3 million and $5.7 million as of September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2024, respectively.
We recognize lessor common area charges, utility sales, food and beverage sales and other ancillary goods and services. Performance obligations include performing common area maintenance and providing utilities, food and beverages, and other ancillary goods and services when goods are transferred or services are performed. Payment terms typically align with when the goods and services are provided.
We recognize revenue from service operations and slip and storage rentals over time on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract as our performance obligations are met. We recognize revenue from the rentals of chartering power yachts over time on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract as our performance obligations are met.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The cost of inventories purchased from our vendors consist of the amount paid to acquire the inventory, net of vendor consideration and purchase discounts, the cost of equipment added, reconditioning costs, inventory deposits, and transportation costs relating to acquiring inventory for sale. Trade-in used boats are initially recorded at fair value and adjusted for reconditioning and other costs. The cost of inventories that are manufactured by the Company consist of material, labor, and manufacturing overhead. Unallocated overhead and abnormal costs are expensed as incurred. New and used boats, motors, and trailers inventories are accounted for on a specific identification basis. Raw materials and parts, accessories, and other inventories are accounted for on an average cost basis. We utilize our historical experience, the aging of the inventories, and our consideration of current market trends as the basis for determining a lower of cost or net realizable value. We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a change in the future estimates or assumptions we use to calculate the lower of cost or net realizable value. If events occur and market conditions change, the net realizable value of our inventories could change.
Goodwill
We account for acquisitions in accordance with FASB ASC 805, “Business Combinations” (“ASC 805”), and goodwill in accordance with ASC 350, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other” (“ASC 350”). For business combinations, the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination is recorded as goodwill. In accordance with ASC 350, we test goodwill for impairment at least annually and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Our annual impairment test is performed during the third fiscal quarter. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its fair value we recognize an impairment loss in accordance with ASC 350. Based upon our most recent analysis, we determined through our qualitative assessment that it is not “more likely than not” that the fair values of our reporting units are less than their carrying values. As a result, we did not perform a quantitative goodwill impairment test. The qualitative assessment requires us to make judgments and assumptions regarding macroeconomic and industry conditions, our financial performance, and other factors. We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a change in the judgments and assumptions used in our qualitative assessment which would result in a material effect on our operating results.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth certain financial data as a percentage of revenue for the periods indicated:
Fiscal Year Ended September 30,
(Amounts in thousands)
Revenue
$
2,308,098
100.0
%
$
2,394,706
100.0
%
$
2,431,008
100.0
%
Cost of sales
1,502,344
65.1
%
1,559,377
65.1
%
1,629,812
67.0
%
Gross profit
805,754
34.9
%
835,329
34.9
%
801,196
33.0
%
Selling, general and administrative expenses
540,550
23.4
%
634,527
26.5
%
672,970
27.7
%
Income from operations
265,204
11.5
%
200,802
8.4
%
128,226
5.3
%
Interest expense
3,283
0.2
%
53,367
2.2
%
73,895
3.1
%
Income before income taxes
261,921
11.3
%
147,435
6.2
%
54,331
2.2
%
Income tax provision
63,932
2.7
%
37,957
1.6
%
15,593
0.6
%
Net income
197,989
8.6
%
109,478
4.6
%
38,738
1.6
%
Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests
-
0.0
%
0.0
%
0.0
%
Net income attributable to MarineMax, Inc.
$
197,989
8.6
%
$
109,282
4.6
%
$
38,066
1.6
%
Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2024, Compared with Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2023
Revenue. Revenue increased $36.0 million, or 1.5%, to approximately $2.431 billion for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024 from $2.395 billion for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023. The increase is due to a $29.4 million or 1% increase in comparable-store sales, in addition to a $6.6 million net increase from acquisitions and new locations that are not eligible for inclusion in the comparable-store base, partially offset by a decrease in manufacturing revenue which is not included in comparable store sales. The comparable-store increase came primarily from increases in new and used boat revenue along with contributions from our other higher margin businesses.
Gross Profit. Gross profit decreased $34.1 million, or 4.1%, to $801.2 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024 from $835.3 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue decreased to 33.0% for the twelve months ended September 30, 2024 from 34.9 % for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in gross profit was primarily the result of lower new and used boat margins, as we aggressively drove sales during a softer retail environment.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $38.5 million, or 6.1%, to $673.0 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024 from $634.5 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023. The increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses was primarily the result of inflation and recent acquisitions.
Interest Expense. Interest expense increased $20.5 million to $73.9 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, from $53.4 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023 as a result of increased inventory. The increase in interest expense was primarily the result of increased borrowings due primarily to higher inventory levels.
Income Taxes. Income tax expense decreased $22.4 million, or 58.9%, to $15.6 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024 from $38.0 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023. Our effective income tax rate increased to 28.7% for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, from 25.7% for fiscal year ended September 30, 2023. The increase in the effective income tax rate was primarily a result of increased expenses from equity compensation from vested awards.
Quarterly Data and Seasonality
Our business, as well as the entire recreational boating industry, is highly seasonal, with seasonality varying in different geographic markets. With the exception of Florida, we generally realize significantly lower sales and higher levels of inventories, and related short-term borrowings, in the quarterly periods ending December 31 and March 31. The onset of the public boat and recreation shows in January generally stimulates boat sales and typically allows us to reduce our inventory levels and related short-term borrowings
throughout the remainder of the fiscal year. Our business could become substantially more seasonal if we acquire additional dealers that operate in colder regions of the United States, or other parts of the world, or close retail locations in warm climates.
Our business is also subject to weather patterns, which may adversely affect our results of operations. For example, prolonged winter conditions, drought conditions (or merely reduced rainfall levels) or excessive rain, may limit access to area boating locations or render boating dangerous or inconvenient, thereby curtailing customer demand for our products. In addition, unseasonably cool weather and prolonged winter conditions may lead to a shorter selling season in certain locations. Hurricanes and other storms could result in disruptions of our operations or damage to our boat inventories and facilities, as has been the case when Florida and other markets were affected by hurricanes, such as Hurricanes Harvey and Irma in 2017, Hurricane Ian in 2022, and Hurricanes Helene and Milton in 2024. Although we believe our geographic diversity is likely to reduce the overall impact to us of adverse weather conditions in any one market area, these conditions will continue to represent potential, material adverse risks to us and our future financial performance.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our cash needs are primarily for working capital to support operations, including new and used boat and related parts inventories, off-season liquidity, and growth through acquisitions. Acquisitions remain an important strategy for us, and we plan to continue our growth through this strategy in appropriate circumstances. We cannot predict the length of prevailing economic or financial conditions. We regularly monitor the aging of our inventories and current market trends (including supply chain issues) to evaluate our current and future inventory needs. We also use this evaluation in conjunction with our review of our current and expected operating performance and expected business levels to determine the extent of our financing needs.
These cash needs historically have been financed with cash generated from operations and borrowings under the Amended Credit Facility (described below). Our ability to utilize the Amended Credit Facility to fund operations depends upon the collateral levels and compliance with the covenants of the Amended Credit Facility. Any turmoil in the credit markets and weakness in the retail markets may interfere with our ability to remain in compliance with the covenants of the Amended Credit Facility and therefore affect our ability to utilize the Amended Credit Facility to fund operations. As of September 30, 2024, we were in compliance with all covenants under the Amended Credit Facility. We currently depend upon dividends and other payments from our businesses and the Amended Credit Facility to fund our current operations and meet our cash needs. As the majority owner of each of our businesses, we determine the amounts of such distributions subject to applicable law, and currently, no agreements exist that restrict this flow of funds from our businesses.
For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, cash used in operating activities was approximately $25.7 million and $222.2 million. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, cash provided by operating activities was approximately $76.6 million. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, cash used in operating activities was primarily related to increases in inventory, increases in accounts receivable, decreases in contract liabilities (customer deposits) and decreases in accounts payable, partially offset by increases in accrued expenses and other liabilities, our net income adjusted for non-cash expenses and gains such as depreciation and amortization expense, deferred income tax provision, and stock-based compensation expense. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, cash used in operating activities was primarily related to increases in inventory, increases in accounts receivable, and decreases in contract liabilities (customer deposits), partially offset by increases in accounts payable and accrued expenses and other liabilities, our net income adjusted for non-cash expenses and gains such as depreciation and amortization expense, deferred income tax provision, and stock-based compensation expense. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, cash provided by operating activities was primarily related to increases in contract liabilities (customer deposits), accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities, and our net income adjusted for non-cash expenses and gains such as depreciation and amortization expense, deferred income tax provision, and stock-based compensation expense, partially offset by increases in inventory.
For the fiscal years ended September 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, cash used in investing activities was approximately $81.3, $576.4 million and $140.5 million, respectively. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, cash used in investing activities was primarily used for business acquisitions and to purchase property and equipment associated with improving existing retail facilities, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of property and equipment and insurance settlements. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, cash used in investing activities was primarily used for the acquisition of IGY Marinas, to purchase property and equipment associated with improving existing retail facilities, and to purchase investments, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of investments and property and equipment. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, cash used in investing activities was primarily used for acquisitions, to purchase property and equipment associated with improving existing retail facilities, and to purchase investments, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of investments and property and equipment.
For the fiscal years ended September 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, cash provided by financing activities was approximately $128.5 million, $770.4 million and $73.1 million, respectively. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, cash provided by financing activities was primarily attributable to increased short term borrowings, which solely consisted of the Floor Plan (as defined below), and net proceeds from issuance of common stock under incentive compensation and employee purchase plans, partially offset by payments on tax withholdings for equity awards, payments for long-term debt, purchases of treasury stock, and contingent acquisition consideration payments. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, cash provided by financing activities was primarily attributable
to proceeds from long-term debt, increased short term borrowings, which solely consisted of the Floor Plan, and net proceeds from issuance of common stock under incentive compensation and employee purchase plans, partially offset by payments on tax withholdings for equity awards, payments for long-term debt, and contingent acquisition consideration payments. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, cash provided by financing activities was primarily attributable to increased short-term borrowings, which solely consisted of the Floor Plan, and net proceeds from issuance of common stock under incentive compensation and employee purchase plans, partially offset by purchase of treasury stock, payments on tax withholdings for equity awards, payments for long-term debt, payments for debt issuance costs, and contingent acquisition consideration payments.
We are party to the Amended Credit Facility with Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company as Administrative Agent, Swingline Lender, and Issuing Bank, Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC, as Floor Plan Agent, and the lenders party thereto. The Amended Credit Facility provides the Company a line of credit with asset based borrowing availability (the "Floor Plan") of up to $950 million and establishes a revolving credit facility in the maximum amount of $100 million (including a $20 million swingline facility and a $20 million letter of credit sublimit), a delayed draw term loan facility to finance the acquisition of IGY Marinas in the maximum amount of $400 million, and a $100 million delayed draw mortgage loan facility. The maturity of each of the facilities is August 2027.
The interest rate is (a) for amounts outstanding under the Floor Plan, 3.45% above the one month secured term rate as administered by the CME Group Benchmark Administration Limited (CBA) (“SOFR”), (b) for amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility or the term loan facility, a range of 1.50% to 2.0%, depending on the total net leverage ratio, above the one month, three month, or six month term SOFR rate, and (c) for amounts outstanding under the mortgage loan facility, 2.20% above the one month, three month, or six month term SOFR rate. The alternate base rate with a margin is available for amounts outstanding under the revolving credit, term, and mortgage loan facilities and the Euro Interbank Offered Rate plus a margin is available for borrowings in Euro or other currencies other than dollars under the revolving credit facility.
Advances under the Floor Plan are initiated by the acquisition of eligible new and used inventory or are re-advanced against eligible new and used inventory that have been partially paid-off. Advances on new inventory will generally mature 1,080 days from the original invoice date. Advances on used inventory will mature 361 days from the date we acquire the used inventory. Each advance is subject to a curtailment schedule, which requires that we pay down the balance of each advance on a periodic basis starting six months after receiving such advance. The curtailment schedule varies based on the type and value of the inventory. The collateral for the Amended Credit Agreement is primarily the Company’s inventory that is financed through the Amended Credit Agreement and related accounts receivable. None of our real estate has been pledged for collateral for the Amended Credit Agreement
As of September 30, 2024, our indebtedness associated with our short-term borrowings, which solely consisted of the Floor Plan, and our long-term debt totaled approximately $709.0 million and $355.9 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2024, short-term borrowings, which solely consisted of the Floor Plan, and long-term debt recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets included unamortized debt issuance costs of approximately $1.3 million and $1.5 million, respectively. Refer to Note 11 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosure of borrowing availability, interest rates, and terms of our short-term borrowings (Floor Plan) and long-term debt.
Except as specified in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in the attached consolidated financial statements, we have no material commitments for capital for the next 12 months. Based on the information currently available to us (including the impacts on consumer demand of the current supply chain and inventory challenges, inflation, interest rates, and potential recession, all of which are uncertain), we believe that the cash generated from sales and our existing capital resources will be adequate to meet our liquidity and capital requirements for at least the next 12 months, except in the case of possible significant acquisitions.
Commitments and Commercial Commitments
The following table sets forth a summary of our material contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of September 30, 2024:
Payments Due by Period Ending September 30,
Total
Less Than 1 Year (2025)
1-3 Years (2026 and 2027)
3-5 Years (2028 and 2029)
More Than 5 Years (2030 and thereafter)
(Amounts in thousands)
Short-term borrowings (Floor Plan) (1)
$
710,285
$
710,285
$
-
$
-
$
-
Long-term debt (2)
$
391,186
33,766
328,957
18,340
10,123
Other liabilities (3)
$
85,847
80,435
3,412
2,000
-
Operating leases (4)
$
335,476
16,134
32,460
28,369
258,513
Total
$
1,522,794
$
840,620
$
364,829
$
48,709
$
268,636
(1)Estimates of future interest payments for short-term borrowings have been excluded in the tabular presentation. Amounts due are contingent upon the outstanding balances and the variable interest rates. Refer to Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosure of borrowing availability, interest rates, and terms of our short-term borrowings.
(2)The amounts included in long-term debt refers to future cash principal payments. Refer to Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosure of borrowing availability, interest rates, and terms of our long-term debt.
(3)The amounts included in other liabilities consist primarily of our estimated liability for claims on certain workers’ compensation insurance policies and estimated future contingent consideration payments.
(4)Amounts for operating lease commitments do not include certain operating expenses such as maintenance, insurance, and real estate taxes. These amounts are not a material component of operating expenses.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Interest Rate Risk
We are exposed to risk from changes in interest rates on our outstanding indebtedness. Changes in the underlying interest rates on our short-term borrowings and long-term debt, which have variable interest rates, could affect our earnings. For example, a hypothetical 100 basis point, 200 basis point, or 300 basis point increase in the interest rate would result in an increase of approximately $10.6 million, $21.1 million, or $31.7 million, respectively, in annual pre-tax interest expense. These estimated increases are based upon the outstanding balance of our short-term borrowings and long-term debt as of September 30, 2024 and assume no mitigating changes by us to reduce the outstanding balances and no additional interest assistance that could be received from vendors due to the interest rate increase.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
Products purchased from European-based and Chinese-based manufacturers are transacted in U.S. dollars. Fluctuations in the U.S. dollar exchange rate may impact the retail price at which we can sell foreign products. Accordingly, fluctuations in the value of other currencies compared with the U.S. dollar may impact the price points at which we can profitably sell such foreign products, and such price points may not be competitive with other products in the United States. Thus, such fluctuations in exchange rates ultimately may impact the amount of revenue, cost of goods sold, cash flows and earnings we recognize for such foreign products. We cannot predict the effects of exchange rate fluctuations on our operating results. In certain cases, we may enter into foreign currency cash flow hedges to reduce the variability of cash flows associated with forecasted purchases of boats and yachts from European-based and Chinese-based manufacturers. We are not currently engaged in foreign currency exchange hedging transactions to manage our foreign currency exposure. If and when we do engage in foreign currency exchange hedging transactions, there can be no assurance that our strategies will adequately protect our operating results from the effects of exchange rate fluctuations.
Additionally, the Fraser Yachts Group, Northrop & Johnson and IGY Marinas have transactions and balances denominated in currencies other than the U.S dollar. Most of the transactions not denominated in U.S. dollars are denominated in euros. Net revenues recognized whose functional currency was not the U.S. dollar were approximately 4% of our total revenues in fiscal 2024.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Reference is made to the financial statements, the notes thereto, and the report thereon, commencing on page of this report, which financial statements, notes, and report are incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that material information required to be disclosed by us in Securities Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, such officers have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Controls
During the quarter ended September 30, 2024, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that materially affected, or were reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Although our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, a control may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
CEO and CFO Certifications
Exhibits 31.1 and 31.2 are the Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, respectively. The Certifications are required in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Section 302 Certifications”). This Item of this report, which you are currently reading, contains the information concerning the Evaluation referred to in the Section 302 Certifications and this information should be read in conjunction with the Section 302 Certifications for a more complete understanding of the topics presented.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2024 as required by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rule 13a-15(c). In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013). Based on its evaluation, our management concluded that its internal control over financial reporting was effective as of September 30, 2024.
Our internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2024, has been audited by KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears herein.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
MarineMax, Inc.:
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited MarineMax, Inc. and subsidiaries' (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of September 30, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended September 30, 2024, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated November 14, 2024 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Tampa, Florida
November 14, 2024

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 9B. Other Information
Insider trading arrangements and policies. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, none of the Company’s officers or directors adopted or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of Company securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) or any “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K.

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by this Item relating to our directors and corporate governance is incorporated herein by reference to the definitive Proxy Statement (particularly under the caption “Corporate Governance”) to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act for our 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the “2025 Proxy Statement”). The information required by this Item relating to our executive officers is included in “Business - Executive Officers.”
We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, and other senior accounting personnel. The “Code of Ethics for the CEO and Senior Financial Officers” is located on our website at www.MarineMax.com in the Investor Relations section under Corporate Governance.
We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 5.05(c) of Form 8-K regarding any amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of this code of ethics by posting such information on our website, at the address and location specified above.
The Company has adopted an insider trading policy governing the purchase, sale and/or other dispositions of the Company’s securities that applies to its officers, directors and employees as well as other covered persons. The Company believes its insider trading policy and repurchase procedures are reasonably designed to promote compliance with insider trading laws, rules and regulations, and listing standards applicable to the Company. A copy of the Company’s insider trading policy is filed as Exhibit 19 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Item 11.	Executive Compensation
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the 2025 Proxy Statement (particularly under the caption “Executive Compensation”).

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the 2025 Proxy Statement (particularly under the caption “Security Ownership of Principal Shareholders, Directors, and Officers”).

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the 2025 Proxy Statement (particularly under the caption “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions”).

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
Item 14.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the 2025 Proxy Statement (particularly under the caption “Ratification of Appointment of Independent Auditor”).
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Item 15.	Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
(a)Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules
(1)Financial Statements. Financial Statements are listed in the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements on page of this report.
(2)Financial Statement Schedules. No financial statement schedules are included because such schedules are not applicable, are not required, or because required information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(3)Exhibits. See Item 15(b) below.
(b)Exhibits
Exhibit
Number
Exhibit
2.1
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated February 25, 2015, by and between MarineMax, Inc. and MarineMax Reincorporation, Inc. (1)
3.1
Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant. (2)
3.2
Bylaws of the Registrant. (2)
4.1
Specimen of Common Stock Certificate.
4.2
Description of Securities. (3)
10.1*
Employment Agreement, dated November 29, 2018, between Registrant and William H. McGill Jr., as amended. (4)
10.1(b)*
Employment Agreement, dated November 29, 2018, between Registrant and Michael H. McLamb, as amended. (4)
10.1(c)*
Employment Agreement, dated November 29, 2018, between Registrant and William Brett McGill. (4)
10.1(d)*
Key Executive Retention Agreement, dated February 25, 2021, by and between MarineMax, Inc. and Anthony Cassella. (5)
10.1(e)*
Key Executive Retention Agreement, dated February 25, 2021, by and between MarineMax, Inc. and Charles Cashman. (5)
10.1(f)*
Key Executive Retention Agreement, dated May 17, 2024, by and between MarineMax, Inc. and Manuel Alvare, III (25)
10.2*
Amended 2008 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. (6)
10.3*
2011 Stock-Based Compensation Plan. (7)
10.3(a)*
Form Stock Option Agreement for 2011 Stock-Based Compensation Plan. (8)
10.3(b)*
Form Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for 2011 Stock-Based Compensation Plan. (9)
10.4*
2021 Stock-Based Compensation Plan. (10)
10.5
Sales and Service Agreement, dated October 30, 2020, between Registrant and Boston Whaler, Inc. (18)
10.6
Sales and Service Agreement, dated October 30, 2020, between Registrant and Sea Ray Division of Brunswick Corporation. (15)
10.7
Agreement Relating to Acquisitions between Registrant and Brunswick Corporation, dated December 7, 2005. (11)
10.7(a)
Amendment, executed October 17, 2014, to Agreement Relating to Acquisitions between Registrant and Brunswick Corporation, dated December 7, 2005. (12)
10.7(b)
Sea Ray Sales and Service Agreement. (9)
10.7(c)
Sea Ray Sales and Service Agreement, executed October 17, 2014, by and between MarineMax East, Inc. and Sea Ray, a Division of Brunswick Corporation. (11)
10.7(d)
Sea Ray Sales and Service Agreement, executed October 17, 2014, by and between MarineMax Northeast, LLC, and Sea Ray, a Division of Brunswick Corporation. (11)
10.7(e)
Sea Ray Sales and Service Agreement, executed October 17, 2014, by and between MarineMax, Inc. and Sea Ray, a Division of Brunswick Corporation. (11)
10.7(f)
Boston Whaler Sales and Service Agreement, executed December 5, 2014, by and between MarineMax East, Inc. and Boston Whaler, a Division of Brunswick Corporation. (12)
10.7(g)
Boston Whaler Sales and Service Agreement, executed December 5, 2014, by and between MarineMax Northeast, LLC, and Boston Whaler, a Division of Brunswick Corporation. (12)
10.7(h)
Boston Whaler Sales and Service Agreement, executed December 5, 2014, by and between MarineMax, Inc. and Boston Whaler, a Division of Brunswick Corporation. (12)
10.8 #
Loan and Security Agreement, dated May 20, 2020, by and among MarineMax, Inc. and its subsidiaries, Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC, M&T Bank, Bank of the West, and Truist Bank. (13)
10.8(a) #
Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated July 9, 2021, by and among MarineMax, Inc. and its subsidiaries, Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC, M&T Bank, Bank of the West, and Truist Bank. (3)
Exhibit
Number
Exhibit
10.8(b) #
Sixth Amended and Restated Program Terms Letter, dated May 20, 2020, by and among MarineMax, Inc. and its subsidiaries, as Borrowers, and Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC. (13)
10.8(c) #
Seventh Amended and Restated Program Terms Letter, dated July 9, 2021, by and among MarineMax, Inc. and its subsidiaries, as Borrowers, Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC, Bank of America, N.A., PNC Bank, and New York Community Bank. (3)
10.8(d)
First Omnibus Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement and Seventh Amended and Restated Program Terms Letter, effective as of October 1, 2021, by and among MarineMax, Inc. and its subsidiaries, and Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC., M&T Bank, Bank of the West, Inc., and Truist Bank. (14)
10.8(e)
Second Omnibus Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, Seventh Amended and Restated Program Terms Letter, Joinder, and Consent Agreement, dated November 1, 2021, by and among MarineMax, Inc. and its subsidiaries, and Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC. (14)
10.9
Director Fee Share Purchase Program. (15)
10.10*
Severance Policy for Key Executives. (16)
10.11
Dealership Agreement dated September 1, 2008 by and between MarineMax Northeast, LLC and Azimut Benetti S.p.A. (17)
10.11(a)
First Amendment dated June 22, 2010 to Dealership Agreement dated September 1, 2008, by and between MarineMax Northeast, LLC and Azimut Benetti S.p.A. (17)
10.11(b)
Second Amendment dated February 29, 2012 to Dealership Agreement dated September 1, 2008, by and between MarineMax Northeast, LLC and Azimut Benetti S.p.A. (17)
10.11(c)
Third Amendment dated July 21, 2012 to Dealership Agreement dated September 1, 2008, by and between MarineMax Northeast, LLC and Azimut Benetti S.p.A. (17)
10.12
Dealership Agreement dated September 1, 2008 by and between MarineMax East, LLC and Azimut Benetti S.p.A. (14)
10.12(a)
First Amendment dated June 22, 2010 to Dealership Agreement dated September 1, 2008, by and between MarineMax East, Inc. and Azimut Benetti S.p.A. (17)
10.12(b)
Second Amendment dated February 29, 2012 to Dealership Agreement dated September 1, 2008, by and between MarineMax East, Inc. and Azimut Benetti S.p.A. (17)
10.12(c)
Third Amendment dated July 21, 2012 to Dealership Agreement dated September 1, 2008, by and between MarineMax East, Inc. and Azimut Benetti S.p.A. (17)
10.12(d)
Fourth Amendment dated August 21, 2013 to Dealership Agreement dated September 1, 2008, by and between MarineMax East, Inc. and Azimut Benetti S.p.A. (17)
10.13 #
Equity Purchase Agreement dated October 1, 2020, by and among Skipper Marine Holdings, Inc., SSY Holdings, Inc., Michael J. Pretasky, Sr., Michael John Pretasky, Jr. 2014 Trust, Mark Ellerbrock, and Robert Ross Tefft, Jr., Michael J. Pretasky, Jr., and MarineMax, Inc. (18)
10.14 #
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated May 2, 2021, by and between Kenneth C. Stock, Georgia Stock and the Kenneth C. Stock and Georgia Stock 2020 Trust; Kenneth C. Stock, as the representative of the Sellers; and MarineMax Products, Inc. (19)
10.15 #
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated August 8, 2022, among MarineMax, Inc., MarineMax East, Inc., Island Global Yachting LLC, Island Marina Holdings LLC, Island Marinas Subsidiary Corp. (20)
10.16 #
Credit Agreement, dated August 8, 2022, among MarineMax, Inc., Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company as Administrative Agent, Swingline Lender, and Issuing Bank, Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC, as Floor Plan Agent, and the lenders party thereto. (21)
10.17 #
First Amendment and Consent to Credit Agreement, dated June 15, 2023, by and among MarineMax, Inc., the other loan parties thereto, the lenders party thereto, Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company as Administrative Agent, Swingline Lender and Issuing Bank and Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC, as Floor Plan Agent. (22)
10.18 #
Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, Incremental Amendment and Floor Plan Increase, dated July 12, 2023, among MarineMax, Inc., Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company as Administrative Agent, Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC, as Floor Plan Agent, and the lenders party thereto. (23)
10.19 #
Third Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated March 27, 2024, by and among MarineMax, Inc., the other loan parties thereto, the lenders party thereto, Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company as Administrative Agent, Swingline Lender and Issuing Bank and Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC, as Floor Plan Agent (24).
Insider Trading Policy
List of Subsidiaries.
23.1
Consent of KPMG LLP.
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a), promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a), promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
32.1
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
97.1
MarineMax Inc. Clawback Policy (23)
101.INS
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101.SCH
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE
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Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).
 Certain information in this exhibit has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions where applicable.
# Certain portions of this exhibit have been redacted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K, which portions will be furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.
* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
(1)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 8-K as filed February 26, 2015.
(2)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 8-K as filed March 20, 2015.
(3)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2021, as filed on November 19, 2021.
(4)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2019, as filed on November 29, 2018.
(5)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021, as filed on April 27, 2021.
(6)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form S-8 (File No. 333-236618) as filed February 25, 2020.
(7)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form S-8 (File No. 333-236617) as filed February 25, 2020.
(8)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 8-K as filed on January 25, 2011.
(9) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 8-K as filed on December 9, 2005.
(10)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form S-8 (File No. 333-264637) as filed May 3, 2022.
(11)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2014, as filed on December 11, 2014.
(12)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 31, 2014, as filed on February 5, 2015.
(13)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2020, as filed on July 28, 2020.
(14)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 31, 2021, as filed on February 1, 2022.
(15)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form S-8 (File No. 333-141657) as filed March 29, 2007.
(16)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 8-K as filed on November 27, 2012.
(17)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2013, as filed on December 6, 2013.
(18) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2020, as filed on December 2, 2020.
(19)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021, as filed on July 27, 2021.
(20)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2022, as filed on November 18, 2022.
(21)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2022, as filed on November 18, 2022.
(22)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 20, 2023, as filed on July 27, 2023.
(23)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023, as filed on November 17, 2023.
(24)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024, as filed on April 25, 2024.
(25)Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2024, as filed on July 25, 2024.
Financial Statement Schedules
(1)See Item 15(a) above.