EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 940942
Filing Year: 2021
Filename: 940942_10-K_2021_0001564590-21-009409.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Item 1.
BUSINESS
General
Hub Group, Inc. (the “Company”, “Hub”, “we”, “us” or “our”) is a leading supply chain solutions provider that offers comprehensive transportation and logistics management services focused on reliability, visibility and value for our customers. Our mission is to continuously elevate each customer’s business to drive long term success. Our vision is to build the industry’s premier supply chain solutions. Our service offerings include comprehensive intermodal, truck brokerage, dedicated trucking, managed transportation, freight consolidation, warehousing, last mile delivery, international transportation and other logistics services.
We are one of the largest freight transportation providers in North America, with the ability to arrange for the movement of freight in and out of every major city in the United States, Canada and Mexico. We utilize an asset-light strategy that employs a combination of our company-operated equipment as well as assets operated by third parties to transport and store our customers’ goods, which allows us to optimize our investment in equipment and facilities and reduce the level of capital we employ in our business. Hub services a large and diversified customer base in a broad range of industries, including retail, consumer products and durable goods. We believe our strategy to offer multi-modal supply chain management solutions serves to strengthen and deepen our relationships with our customers and allows us to provide a more cost effective and higher service solution.
Our service offering facilitates our customers’ desires for energy-efficient transportation solutions and assists in meeting their objectives to reduce their environmental footprint. Our intermodal service is significantly more fuel efficient as compared to long distance trucking transportation, and we continually seek opportunities to convert our customers’ trucking transportation needs to intermodal. In addition, our logistics offering includes shipment consolidation services which seeks to maximize the amount of freight carried per mile which reduces fuel consumption. We are continuing to replace older model tractors with more energy-efficient equipment and evaluating new technologies such as electrically-powered tractors. Our GPS-enabled container fleet allows for our truck drivers to efficiently locate our containers without driving wasted miles. We are an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) SmartWay® Transport Partner, having been awarded the EPA’s SmartWay® Excellence Award eight times since 2008. Our headquarters building in Oak Brook, IL is a LEED Gold certified building.
Our strategy includes the following elements:
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Deepen and diversify our customer relationships through a best-in-class customer experience across all solutions
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Acquire and organically develop new service offerings for our customers that will diversify our revenue streams and deliver sophisticated supply chain logistics solutions
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Selectively invest in assets to drive organic growth and reduce our costs
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Build a world class information technology platform to drive growth and efficiency and support future innovations
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Sustain a culture that continues to enable innovation, service and teamwork
We regularly evaluate acquisition and divesture transactions as a component of our strategy to enhance our core business lines and diversify our service offerings. Our recent strategic transactions include the following:
NonstopDelivery Acquisition. On December 9, 2020, we acquired NonstopDelivery, LLC (“NSD”). NSD provides residential last mile delivery services throughout the United States. The financial results of NSD, since the date of acquisition, are included in our logistics line of business.
CaseStack Acquisition. On December 3, 2018, a subsidiary of Hub Group, Inc. completed a merger with CaseStack, Inc. (the “CaseStack Acquisition”). CaseStack is a non-asset-based transportation and logistics provider operating in two lines of business. The logistics business provides warehouse and transportation logistics services, including retailer-driven collaborative consolidation programs, to customers who primarily consist of consumer goods companies selling into the North American retail channel. The transportation brokerage business offers truck brokerage services with a focus on less-than-truckload services.
Mode Sale. On August 31, 2018, we sold the membership interests of our Mode Transportation, LLC (“Mode”) subsidiary (the “Disposition”) to an affiliate of York Capital Management (“Purchaser”). Mode’s temperature protected division was not included in the transaction and is included in our intermodal line of business. Mode provided transportation management services to its customers through a network of approximately 170 agents.
Services Provided
Our lines of business can be categorized as follows:
Intermodal. As an intermodal provider, we arrange for the movement of our customers’ freight in containers, typically over long distances of 750 miles or more. We contract with railroads to provide transportation for the long-haul portion of the shipment between rail terminals. Local pickup and delivery services between origin or destination and rail terminals (referred to as “drayage”) are provided by our Hub Group Trucking, Inc. (“HGT”) subsidiary and third-party local trucking companies.
In a typical intermodal transaction, the customer places an order with us and we determine the price and arrange for the necessary intermodal equipment (which includes a container and chassis) to be delivered to the customer by HGT or a third-party drayage company. After the freight is loaded, we arrange for the transportation of the container to the rail terminal where it is transported by the railroad to the destination rail terminal. Our predictive track and trace technology then monitors the shipment to ensure that it arrives as scheduled and alerts our customer service personnel if there are service delays. We then arrange for and confirm delivery by a drayage company at the destination. After unloading, the empty equipment is made available for reloading.
As of December 31, 2020, we owned approximately 41,500 53-foot containers that support our intermodal offering.
During 2020, HGT accounted for approximately 56% of Hub’s drayage needs by providing reliable, cost effective transportation services to our customers. As of December 31, 2020, HGT had terminals in the Atlanta, Birmingham, Boston, Charlotte, Chicago, Dallas, Edinburg (TX), Harrisburg, Huntsville, Indianapolis, Jacksonville, Kalamazoo, Laredo, Memphis, Milwaukee, Nashville, Newark, Philadelphia, Portland (OR), Salt Lake City, San Bernardino, Seattle, St. Louis, Stockton and Wilmington (IL) metro areas. As of December 31, 2020, HGT leased or owned approximately 1,500 tractors and 200 trailers, employed approximately 1,400 drivers and contracted with approximately 900 owner-operators.
Logistics. Our logistics business offers a wide range of transportation management services and technology solutions including shipment optimization, load consolidation, mode selection, carrier management, load planning and execution and web-based shipment visibility. Our multi-modal transportation capabilities include small parcel, heavyweight, expedited, less-than-truckload, truckload, intermodal, last mile, railcar and international shipping. We leverage proprietary technology along with collaborative relationships with retailers and logistics providers to deliver cost savings and performance-enhancing supply chain services to consumer goods clients. We contract with third-party warehouse providers in seven markets across North America to which our customers ship their goods to be stored and eventually consolidated, along with goods from other customers, into full truckload shipments destined to major North American retailers. These services offer our customers shipment visibility, transportation cost savings, high service and compliance with retailers’ increasingly stringent supply chain requirements.
In December 2020, we expanded our logistics services through the acquisition of NSD. NSD provides basic, threshold and white glove residential last mile delivery services including warehousing and distribution, product assembly and reverse logistics to many of the largest retailers in the United States. NSD operates a non-asset business model, working with a network of over 170 carriers through the country. NSD provides high levels of service to customers and end consumers through a centralized call center and dedicated account management teams. NSD’s logistics technology provides customers with real-time visibility to shipments, access to analytical tools and seamless integration with other platforms.
Truck Brokerage. We operate one of the largest truck brokerage operations in the United States, providing customers with an over the road service option for their transportation needs. Our brokerage does not operate any trucks; instead we match customers’ needs with trucking carriers’ capacity to provide the most effective service and price combination. We have contracts with a substantial base of carriers allowing us to meet the varied needs of our customers.
In a typical truck brokerage transaction, the customer places an order with us for a particular freight movement. We make the delivery appointment and arrange with the appropriate carrier to pick up the freight. Once we receive confirmation that the freight has been picked up, we monitor the movement of the shipment until it reaches its destination and the delivery has been confirmed.
Dedicated. Our dedicated trucking operation contracts with customers who require high service transportation using equipment dedicated to their needs. We offer a dedicated fleet of equipment and drivers to each customer, as well as the management and infrastructure to operate according to the customer’s high service expectations. Contracts with customers generally include fixed and variable pricing arrangements and may include charges for early termination which serves to reduce the financial risk we bear with respect to the utilization of our equipment. Our dedicated operation currently operates a fleet of approximately 1,200 tractors and 4,600 trailers at 52 locations throughout the United States. As of December 31, 2020, dedicated employed approximately 1,300 drivers.
Information Technology Systems
Our technology strategy leverages strong technology at the core and emerging technologies at the edge to achieve our business goals and to keep pace with customer demands. We purchase commercially available technology for commodity capabilities, we extend to create additional value leveraging emerging technologies, and we build solutions where we can create differentiated experiences for our customers, drivers, carriers and employees. In 2018, we initiated our multi-year investment and process enhancement initiative that we refer to as “Elevate” which includes implementing core foundational technologies, Oracle enterprise resource planning (“ERP”), Oracle Human Capital Management (“HCM”) and Oracle Transportation Management (“OTM”) all of which are deployed in the cloud. Anchored on those common platforms, our technology strategy includes the deployment of differentiating solutions facing our customers and carriers through our Hub Connect application and for our drivers through our HubPro application. In addition, we continue to implement technology solutions focused on improving internal productivity and efficiency.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused an abrupt shift in our 2020 initiatives and resulted in an urgent focus on the need to work from home. Our previous investments in our security and infrastructure facilitated the seamless execution of this transition. Key elements of the technology stack that were critical included our significant investment in the Microsoft suite including O365, Teams, and Security solutions, among others. In addition, our data and voice solutions allowed our users to support our customers and our drivers seamlessly and securely from any location. Our industry leading digital solution, HubPro, was in the hands of all our drivers allowing us to continue to communicate effectively with our drivers keeping them productive while remaining safe. Our newest capability enhancement to our HubPro mobile app allows our drivers a completely contactless experience to facilitate the handoff of critical documents.
A new product deployed during 2020 was Hub Connect: Carrier. This state-of-the-art technology solutions allows our carriers to seamlessly interact with us. This includes bidding on and booking freight, providing status updates, and streamlining the payment process.
Our Microsoft based Application Programming Interface platform has continued to mature and now facilitates numerous transaction types. Our customers and vendors value our ability to interact with them through multiple technology mediums allowing solutions to be deployed quickly.
Finally, an area of focus in 2020 and continuing in 2021 is implementing automation solutions. This includes but is not limited to automating manual processes, using human augmentation solutions to allow our experienced supply chain professionals to make critical decisions while allowing our technology systems to complete commodity-orientated tasks and developing learning-based robots to drive better decision support for our operating teams.
In 2021, we will continue to invest in new technology solutions that improve service, drive operating excellence, and reduce cost. Our focus will remain on completing transitions to new technology allowing us to retire significant legacy applications and infrastructure currently in our eco system. In addition, as we continue with our acquisition strategy, we will enable seamless end to end visibility to all customers including those benefiting from multiple Hub solutions.
Relationships with Railroads
A key element of our business strategy is to strengthen our close working relationships with the major intermodal railroads in North America. Due to our size and relative importance, some railroads have dedicated support personnel to focus on our day-to-day service requirements. On a regular basis, our senior executives and each of the railroads meet to discuss major strategic issues concerning intermodal transportation.
We have relationships with each of the following major railroads:
Canadian National
Kansas City Southern
Canadian Pacific
Norfolk Southern
Ferromex
Union Pacific
Florida East Coast
Relationships with Drayage Companies
Hub has a “Quality Drayage Program,” under which participants commit to provide high quality drayage service along with clean and safe equipment, maintain a defined on-time performance level and follow specified procedures designed to minimize freight loss and damage. We negotiate drayage rates for transportation between specific origin and destination points.
We also provide drayage services through our subsidiary HGT. Our drayage operations employ their own drivers and also contract with owner-operators who supply their own trucks.
Relationships with Trucking Companies
We contract with a large number of trucking companies that we use to transport freight. Our relationships with these trucking companies are important since these relationships determine pricing, load coverage and overall service.
Risk Management and Insurance
We require all of our trucking company vendors to carry general liability insurance, truckman’s auto liability insurance and cargo insurance. Railroads, which are self-insured, provide limited cargo protection. To cover freight loss or damage when a carrier’s liability cannot be established or a carrier’s insurance is insufficient to cover the claim, we carry our own cargo insurance. We also carry general liability insurance with a companion umbrella policy on this general liability insurance.
We maintain separate insurance policies to cover potential exposure from our company-owned drayage and dedicated operations. We carry commercial general liability insurance subject to a policy aggregate limit, and trucker’s automobile liability insurance with a limit per occurrence. Additionally, we have an umbrella excess liability policy and maintain motor truck cargo liability insurance.
Government Regulations
The Company and several of our subsidiaries are licensed by the Department of Transportation as brokers in arranging for the transportation of general commodities by motor vehicle. To the extent that we perform truck brokerage services, they do so under these licenses. The Department of Transportation prescribes qualifications for acting in this capacity, including a $75,000 surety bond that we have posted. In addition, Hub has customs bonds. Our trucking subsidiaries operate under Department of Transportation motor carrier authority. To date, compliance with these regulations has not had a material adverse effect on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive positions; however, the transportation industry is subject to legislative or regulatory changes that can affect the economics of the industry by requiring changes in operating practices or influencing the demand for, and cost of providing, transportation services.
Custom-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism
One of our operating subsidiaries achieved Custom-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT) certification in 2013 and have maintained it since then. C-TPAT is a voluntary supply chain security program led by United States Customs and Border Protection focused on improving the security of private companies’ supply chains. Companies who achieve C-TPAT certification must have a documented process for determining and alleviating risks throughout their international supply chain. This certification allows us to be considered low risk, resulting in expedited processing of our customers’ cargo, including fewer customs examinations.
Competition
The transportation services industry is highly competitive. We compete against intermodal providers, as well as logistics companies, third party brokers, trucking companies and railroads that market their own services. Several larger trucking companies have entered into agreements with railroads to market intermodal services nationwide. Competition is based primarily on freight rates, quality of service, reliability, transit time and scope of operations. Several transportation service companies and trucking companies, and all of the major railroads, may have substantially greater financial and other resources than we do.
Human Capital
Hub conducts business and provides services to customers through a combination of non-driver (e.g., corporate or terminal-based) employees, driver employees, and independent contractors. As of December 31, 2020, Hub Group had approximately 5,000 employees, which included approximately 3,000 drivers. We are not a party to any collective bargaining agreements and consider our relationship with our employees to be satisfactory.
Hub’s success depends in part on our ability to attract and retain skilled staff members and drivers. Our executive management team receives regular updates regarding office and driver headcount changes, turnover rates, hiring rates, and manager training and satisfaction. We invest in our driver and non-driver employees through our Hub University learning management system, which provides access to a variety of e-learning courses and modules to further develop job skills, increase knowledge of our business, and promote adherence to safety and compliance procedures.
Hub strives to create a culture of accountability, safety and teamwork. We set annual performance goals for our operations teams relative to collisions and injuries and track performance monthly and year-to-date to ensure accountability. Further, we provide company-wide recognition on a monthly basis for driver and non-driver employees who are nominated for performance that demonstrates our guiding principles of winning together, innovating with purpose and acting with integrity.
Available Information
Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to reports filed pursuant to Sections 13(a) and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), are filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). We are subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act and file or furnish reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The reports and other information that we file with the SEC are available free of charge on our website at www.hubgroup.com as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file or furnish such reports to the SEC. In addition, the SEC maintains a website (http://www.sec.gov) that contains our annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy and information statements, and other information we electronically file with, or furnish to, the SEC. Information on the websites referenced in this Form 10-K is not incorporated by reference into this filing. Further, our references to website URLs are intended to be inactive textual references only.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Item 1A.
RISK FACTORS
Business Environment and Competition Risks
Because we depend on railroads for our operations, our operating results and financial condition are likely to be adversely affected by any increase in rates, reduction or deterioration in rail service or change in the railroads’ reliance on us to market their intermodal transportation services.
We depend on the major railroads in the United States for virtually all of the intermodal services we provide. In many markets, rail service is limited to one or a few railroads. Consequently, a reduction in, or elimination of, rail service to a particular market is likely to adversely affect our ability to provide intermodal transportation services to some of our customers. Rate increases would result in higher intermodal transportation costs, reducing the attractiveness of intermodal transportation compared to truck or other transportation modes, which could cause a decrease in demand for our services. Further, our ability to continue to expand our intermodal transportation business is dependent upon the railroads’ ability to increase capacity for intermodal freight and provide consistent and reliable service. Our business could also be adversely affected by a work stoppage at one or more railroads or by adverse weather conditions or other factors that hinder the railroads’ ability to provide reliable transportation services. To date, the railroads have chosen to rely on us and other intermodal competitors to market their intermodal services rather than fully developing their own marketing capabilities. If one or more of the major railroads reduced their dependence on us, the volume of intermodal shipments we arrange would likely decline, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
Our ability to expand our business or maintain our profitability may be adversely affected by a shortage of drivers and capacity.
We derive significant revenue from our intermodal, logistics, truck brokerage, and dedicated services and depend on qualified drivers to provide these services. There is significant competition for qualified drivers in the transportation industry. Additionally,
interventions and enforcements under the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (“FMCSA”) Compliance, Safety, Accountability or other program may shrink the industry’s pool of drivers as those drivers with unfavorable scores may no longer be eligible to drive for us. Driver shortages and reliance on third-party companies for the operation of our intermodal, logistics, truck brokerage, and dedicated services could adversely affect our profitability and limit our ability to expand our business or retain customers. Most drayage, truckload and certain less-than-truckload companies operate relatively small fleets and have limited access to capital for fleet expansion. Particularly during periods of economic expansion, it may be difficult for our dedicated and HGT businesses, and third-party trucking companies to expand their fleets due to chronic driver shortages. Driver shortages may require us to increase drivers’ compensation that we may be unable to pass on to our customers, let trucks sit idle, or face difficulty meeting customer demands, all of which could adversely affect our growth and profitability.
Insurance and claims expenses could significantly reduce our earnings.
We are exposed to claims related to cargo loss and damage, property damage, personal injury, workers’ compensation, group health and group dental. We maintain insurance coverage with third-party insurance carriers, but we assume a significant portion of the risk associated with these claims due to high self-insured retention (“SIR”) and deductibles. Our operating results could be adversely affected if any of the following were to occur: (i) the number or the severity of claims increases; (ii) we are required to accrue or pay additional amounts because claims prove to be more severe than our original assessment; or (iii) claims exceed our coverage amounts. If the number or severity of claims increases, our operating results could also be adversely affected if the cost to renew our insurance was increased when our current coverage expires. If these expenses increase, and we are unable to offset the increase with higher freight rates to our customers, our earnings could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, insurance companies generally require us to collateralize our SIR or deductible levels. If these collateralization requirements increase, our borrowing capacity could be adversely affected.
We operate in a highly competitive industry and our business may suffer if we are unable to adequately address potential downward pricing pressures and other competitive factors.
The transportation industry is highly competitive. We face competition in all geographic markets and each industry sector in which we operate. Increased competition or our inability to compete successfully may lead to a reduction in our volume, reduced revenues, reduced profit margins, increased pricing pressure, or a loss of market share, any one of which could affect our financial results. Numerous competitive factors could impair our ability to maintain our current profitability, including the following:
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our competitors may periodically reduce their prices to gain business, especially during times of weak economic conditions, which may limit our ability to maintain or increase prices or impede our ability to maintain or grow our market share;
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our inability to achieve expected customer retention levels or sales growth targets;
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we compete with many other transportation and logistics service providers, some of which have greater capital resources or lower cost structures than we do;
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our inability to compete with new entrants in the transportation and logistics market that may offer similar services at lower cost or have greater technological capabilities;
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customers may choose to provide for themselves the services that we now provide;
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many customers periodically accept proposals from multiple carriers for their shipping needs, and this process may depress rates or result in the loss of some of our business to competitors;
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the continuing trend toward consolidation in the trucking industry may result in larger carriers with greater financial resources than we have;
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advances in technology require increased investments to remain competitive, and our customers may not be willing to accept higher prices to cover the cost of these investments; and
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because cost of capital is a significant competitive factor, any increase in either the cost of our debt or equity as a result of increases in our perceived level of credit risk or stock price volatility could have a significant impact on our competitive position.
Our customers’ and suppliers’ businesses may be negatively affected by various economic and other factors such as recessions, downturns in the economy, global uncertainty and instability, the effects or perceived effects of pandemics, changes in United States social, political, and regulatory conditions and/or a disruption of financial markets, which may decrease demand for our services or increase our costs.
Adverse economic and other conditions, both in the United States and internationally, can negatively affect our customers’ business levels, the amount of transportation services they need, their ability to pay for our services and overall freight levels, any of which might impair our asset utilization and profitability. For example, the effects (or perceived effects) of pandemics (including
matters such as the coronavirus) may affect international trade, supply chains, travel, employee productivity and other economic activities. Additionally, uncertainty and instability in the global economy and any other action that the governments may take to withdraw from or materially modify international trade arrangements, including related to the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (“USMCA”), which was agreed upon on September 30, 2018 and is designed to replace the North American Free Trade Agreement (“NAFTA”), may lead to fewer goods being transported and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditions and results of operations. The United States government has made significant changes in United States trade policy and has taken certain other actions that may impact United States trade, including imposing tariffs on certain goods imported into the United States. To date, several governments, including the European Union, China, and India, have imposed tariffs on certain goods imported from the United States. Any further changes in United States or international trade policy could trigger additional retaliatory actions by affected countries, resulting in “trade wars” and increased costs for goods transported globally, which may reduce customer demand for these products if the parties having to pay those tariffs increase their prices, or in trading partners limiting their trade with countries that impose anti-trade measures. If these consequences are realized, the volume of global economic activity may be significantly reduced. Such a reduction could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Customers adversely affected by changes in United States trade policies or otherwise encountering adverse economic or other conditions may be unable to obtain additional financing or financing under acceptable terms. These customers represent a greater potential for bad debt losses, which may require us to increase our reserve for bad debt. Economic conditions resulting in bankruptcies of one or more of our large customers could have a significant impact on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity in a particular year or quarter. Further, when adverse economic times arise, customers may select competitors that offer lower rates in an attempt to lower their costs, and we might be forced to lower our rates or lose freight volumes.
Our suppliers’ business levels also may be negatively affected by adverse economic and other conditions and changes in the political and regulatory environment, as well as the effects (or perceived effects) of pandemics and other public concerns, both in the United States and internationally, or financial constraints, any one of which could lead to disruptions in the supply and availability of equipment, parts and services critical to our operations. A significant interruption in our normal supply chain could disrupt our operations, increase our costs and negatively impact our ability to serve our customers.
We are also subject to cost increases outside of our control that could materially reduce our profitability if we are unable to increase our rates sufficiently. Such cost increases include, but are not limited to, increases in wage rates, fuel prices, interest rates, taxes, tolls, license and registration fees, insurance, revenue equipment and healthcare for our employees.
Because our business is concentrated in intermodal services, any decrease in demand for intermodal transportation services compared to other transportation services could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
We derived 60% of our revenue from our intermodal services in 2020, 59% in 2019 and 60% in 2018. As a result, any decrease in demand for intermodal transportation services compared to other transportation services could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our business could be adversely affected by strikes or work stoppages by truck drivers, warehouse employees, port employees and railroad employees, or the decision of our employees to unionize.
There may be labor unrest, including strikes and work stoppages, among workers at various transportation providers and in industries affecting the transportation industry, such as warehousing and ports. We could lose business due to any significant work stoppage or slowdown and, if labor unrest results in increased rates for transportation providers, we may not be able to pass these cost increases on to our customers. Strikes among longshoremen and clerical workers at ports in recent years have resulted in reduced activity at the ports for a time, creating an impact on the transportation industry. Work stoppages occurring among owner-operators in a specific market have increased our operating costs periodically in the past. In recent years, there have been strikes involving railroad workers. Future strikes by railroad employees in the United States, Canada or anywhere else that our customers’ freight travels by railroad would impact our operations. Any significant work stoppage, slowdown or other disruption involving port employees, railroad employees, warehouse employees or truck drivers could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Currently, none of our employees are represented by a collective bargaining agreement. If in the future our employees decide to unionize, this would increase our operating costs and force us to alter the way we operate causing an adverse effect on our operating results.
We derive a significant portion of our revenue from our largest customers and the loss of one or more of these customers could have a material adverse effect on our revenue and business.
Our 10 largest customers accounted for approximately 46% of our total revenue in 2020, 42% in 2019 and 41% in 2018. While our dedicated and logistics businesses may involve long-term contracts, those contracts may contain cancellation clauses, and there is no assurance that our current customers will continue to utilize our services or continue at the same levels. A reduction in or
termination of our services by one or more of our largest customers could have a material adverse effect on our revenue and business. While we continue to focus our efforts on diversifying our customer base, we may not be successful in doing so.
Relatively small increases in our transportation costs that we are unable to pass through to our customers are likely to have a significant effect on our gross margin and operating income.
Transportation costs represented 88% of our consolidated revenue in 2020, 86% in 2019 and 88% in 2018. Because transportation costs represent such a significant portion of our costs, any increases in the operating costs of railroads, warehouse vendors, and other transportation providers can be expected to result in higher freight rates. Transportation costs may increase if we are unable to sign on owner-operators or recruit employee drivers as this may increase driver costs or force us to use more expensive purchased transportation. The inability to pass cost increases to our customers is likely to have a significant effect on our gross margin and operating income.
Our operations may be affected by external factors such as severe weather and other natural occurrences, including floods, fires, hurricanes and earthquakes at operating locations where we have vehicles, warehouses and other facilities. As a result, our vehicles and facilities may be damaged, our workforce may be unavailable, fuel costs may rise, and significant business interruptions could occur. In addition, the performance of our vehicles could be adversely affected by extreme weather conditions. Insurance to protect against loss of business and other related consequences resulting from these natural occurrences is subject to coverage limitations, depending on the nature of the risk insured. This insurance may not be sufficient to cover all of our damages or damages to others and this insurance may not continue to be available at commercially reasonable rates. Even with insurance, if any natural occurrence leads to a catastrophic interruption of service, we may not be able to mitigate a significant interruption in operations.
Our business depends on the availability of fuel. Fuel availability can be affected by natural or man-made disasters, adverse weather conditions, political events, disruption or failure of technology or information systems, price and supply decisions by oil producing countries and cartels, terrorist activities, armed conflict and world supply and demand imbalance. We do not maintain fuel storage and pumping stations at all of our facilities. Therefore, a disruption in the global fuel supply resulting from factors outside of our control, hence increasing the demand for fuel traditionally used by trucks could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Additionally, fuel costs can be very volatile. Over recent years, fuel prices have fluctuated greatly due to factors outside our control. Significant increase in fuel prices or fuel taxes that were unable to offset by any fuel surcharges or freight rate increases could have an adverse impact on our business operations. We have a fuel surcharge program in place with many of our customers. These fuel surcharges typically allow us the ability to recover the costs associated with the volatile fuel prices. Our inability to time the fuel surcharges billed to customers with the change in fuel costs could affect our operations. Rapid increases in fuel costs could also have a material adverse effect on our operations or future profitability.
Our failure to implement or market new and existing services to existing and potential customers could have an adverse effect on our operations.
We expect to continue expanding our service offerings. In the event we implement new service offerings, we may devote substantial resources to educating our employees and customers on such offerings with no assurance that a sufficient number of customers will use such additional services. If we add new services, we may not identify trends correctly or may not be able to bring new services as quickly, effectively or price-competitively as our competitors. Our failure to implement new services or market any existing or future services to our current customer base and/or new customers could have a material adverse impact on our operations and profitability.
We are partially self-insured for certain losses related to employee medical coverage, vehicle liability and workers’ compensation claims. We may fail to establish sufficient insurance reserves and adequately estimate for medical claims, future workers’ compensation and vehicle liabilities.
We are partially self-insured for certain losses related to employee medical coverage, excluding employees covered by health maintenance organizations. We generally have an individual stop loss deductible per enrollee unless specific exposures are separately insured. We accrue a contingent liability based upon examination of historical trends, historical actuarial analysis, our claims experience, total plan enrollment (including employee contributions), population demographics, and other various estimates. Self-insurance reserves, net income, and cash flows could be materially affected if future claims differ significantly from our historical trends and assumptions.
We are partially self-insured for vehicle liability and workers’ compensation claims. Our self-insurance accruals are based on actuarially estimated, undiscounted cost of claims, which includes claims incurred but not reported. While we believe that our estimation processes are well designed and comply with generally accepted accounting principles and other accounting and finance best practices, any projection of losses concerning workers’ compensation and vehicle liability is subject to a considerable degree of
variability. The causes of this variability include litigation trends, claim settlement patterns and fluctuations in the frequency or severity of accidents. If actual losses incurred are greater than those anticipated, our self-insurance reserves may be insufficient and additional costs could be recorded in our consolidated financial statements. If we suffer a substantial loss in excess of our self-insured limits, the loss and attendant expenses may be covered by traditional insurance and excess insurance the Company has in place, but if not covered or above such coverages, losses could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations.
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted and has and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, and the ultimate impacts of the pandemic on our business, financial condition and results of operations will depend on future developments and other factors that are highly uncertain and will be affected by the scope and duration of the pandemic and actions taken by individuals and governmental authorities in response to the pandemic.
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has caused and will continue to cause significant disruption in the international and United States economies and financial markets and has had and may continue to have a significant effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The spread of COVID-19 has caused illness, quarantines, cancellation of events and travel, business and school shutdowns, reduction in business activity and financial transactions, supply chain interruptions and overall economic and financial market instability. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the governments of most states have taken preventative or protective actions, such as imposing restrictions on travel and business operations, advising or requiring individuals to limit or forego their time outside of their homes, and ordering temporary closures of businesses that have been deemed to be non-essential.
The ultimate duration of the pandemic and of responsive governmental regulations, including shelter-in-place orders and mandated business closures, is uncertain. New and changing government and private actions to address the COVID-19 pandemic have been occurring regularly. We have been closely monitoring the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts and potential impacts on our business. These restrictions and other consequences of the pandemic, however, have resulted in significant adverse effects for many different types of businesses, including, among others, those in the retail, travel, hospitality and food and beverage industries, and have resulted in a significant number of layoffs and furloughs of employees nationwide and in the regions in which we operate.
We have been deemed an essential business and have been permitted to continue to operate in all of the jurisdictions in which we operate, including jurisdictions that have mandated the closure of certain businesses, and we expect to be permitted to continue to operate in the future. Nevertheless, there is no assurance that we will continue to be permitted to operate under every future government order or other restriction and in every location.
In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused, and may in the future continue to cause, disruptions, and in some cases severe disruptions, to the business and operations of our customers as a result of quarantines, worker absenteeism as a result of illness or other factors, social distancing measures, consumer concerns, and other travel, health-related, business or other restrictions. Certain of our customers have been, and may in the future be, required to close or operate at a lower capacity. There can be no assurance that any decrease in revenues resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic will be offset by increased revenues in the future. The ultimate effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the broader economy and the markets that we serve are not known nor is the ultimate length of the restrictions described above and any accompanying effects.
The further spread of the COVID-19 outbreak, as well as ongoing or new governmental, regulatory and private sector responses to the pandemic, may materially disrupt banking and other economic activity generally and in the areas in which we operate. This could result in further decline in demand for our services, and could negatively affect, among other things, our liquidity, regulatory capital and our growth strategy. Any one or more of these developments could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Although we are taking precautions to protect the safety and well-being of our team members and customers, no assurance can be given that the steps being taken will be adequate or deemed to be appropriate, nor can we predict the level of disruption which will occur to our team members’ ability to provide customer support and service. If we are unable to recover from a business disruption on a timely basis, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. We may also incur additional costs to remedy damages caused by such disruptions, which could further adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Technology and Cybersecurity Risks
If we fail to maintain and enhance our information technology systems, or if we fail to successfully implement new technology or enhancements, we may be at a competitive disadvantage and lose customers.
Hub continues to see technology as critical to our operations and our ability to compete effectively as an intermodal provider, dedicated and drayage carrier, truck broker and logistics provider. We expect our customers to continue to demand more sophisticated technology-driven solutions from their suppliers and we must enhance or replace our information technology systems in response. This may involve significant research and development costs, implementation costs and potential challenges. To keep pace with changing technologies and customer demand, we are making investments in our technology, as well as investing in emerging technology to further drive innovation and efficiency. The back-office investments include implementing new order management, transportation management, contract management and financial management processes and systems. Technology and new market entrants may also disrupt the way we and our competitors operate. As technology improves and new companies enter the freight brokerage market, our customers may be able to find alternatives to our services for matching shipments with available freight hauling capacity. We must continue to develop innovative emerging technologies to source, track and provide visibility to capacity while exploiting machine learning and artificial intelligence to further improve customer outcomes.
If we fail to successfully implement critical technology, if it does not provide the anticipated benefits or it does not meet market demands, we may be placed at a competitive disadvantage and could lose customers, materially adversely impacting our financial condition and results of operations.
Our information technology systems also depend upon the Internet, third-party service providers, global communications providers, satellite-based communications systems, the electric utilities grid, electric utility providers and telecommunications providers as well as their respective vendors, all of whom have at some point experienced significant system failures and outages in the past. We have minimal control over the operation, quality, or maintenance of these services or whether vendors will improve their services or continue to provide services that are essential to our business. Disruptions due to transitional challenges in upgrading or enhancing our technology systems; failures in the services upon which our information technology platforms rely, including those that may arise from adverse weather conditions or natural calamities, such as floods, hurricanes, earthquakes or tornadoes; illegal acts, including terrorist attacks; human error or systems modernization initiatives; and/or other disruptions, may adversely affect our business, which could increase our costs or result in a loss of customers that could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position.
Our information technology systems are subject to cyber and other risks some of which are beyond our control, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial position.
We rely heavily on the proper functioning and availability of our information systems for our operations as well as for providing value-added services to our customers. Our information systems, including our accounting, communications and data processing systems, are integral to the efficient operation of our business. It is critical that the data processed by these systems remain confidential, as it often includes competitive customer information, confidential customer credit card and transaction data, employee records and key financial and operational results and statistics. The sophistication of efforts by hackers, foreign governments, cyber-terrorists, and cyber-criminals, acting individually or in coordinated groups, to launch distributed denial of service attacks or other coordinated attacks that may cause service outages, gain inappropriate or block legitimate access to systems or information, or result in other business interruptions has continued to increase in recent years. We utilize third-party service providers who have access to our systems and certain sensitive data, which exposes us to additional security risks, particularly given the complex and evolving laws and regulations regarding privacy and data protection. While we and our third-party service providers have experienced cyber-attacks and attempted breaches of our and their information technology systems and networks or similar events from time to time, no such incidents have been, individually or in the aggregate, material to us. Cyber incidents that impact the security, availability, reliability, speed, accuracy or other proper functioning of our systems, information and measures, including outages, computer viruses, break-ins and similar disruptions, could have a significant impact on our operations.
Although our information systems are protected through physical and software safeguards, as well as redundant systems, network security measures and backup systems, it is difficult to fully protect against the possibility of power loss, telecommunications failures, cyber attacks, and other cyber incidents in every potential circumstance that may arise. A significant cyber incident, including system failure, security breach, disruption by malware or ransomware, or other damage, could interrupt or delay our operations, damage our reputation and brand, cause a loss of customers, expose us to a risk of loss or litigation, result in regulatory scrutiny, investigations, actions, fines or penalties and/or cause us to incur significant time and expense to remedy such an event, any of which could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial position. Furthermore, any failure to comply with data privacy, security or other laws and regulations could result in claims, legal or regulatory proceedings, inquiries or investigations. As cyber threats are continually evolving, our controls and procedures may become inadequate and we may be required to devote additional resources to modifying or enhancing our systems in the future. In addition, our insurance intended to address costs associated with aspects of cyber incidents, network failures and data privacy-related concerns, may not sufficiently cover all types of losses or claims that may arise.
The inability to successfully implement our new enterprise resource planning system could materially adversely affect our business.
We are engaged in a multi-year implementation of a new enterprise resource planning system (“ERP”). The ERP is designed to efficiently maintain our books and records and provide information important to the operation of our business to our management team. The ERP will continue to require significant investment of human and financial resources. In implementing the ERP, we may experience significant delays, increased costs and other difficulties. Any significant disruption or deficiency in the design and implementation of the ERP could adversely affect our ability to process orders, service customers, send invoices and track payments, fulfill contractual obligations, meet financial reporting obligations or otherwise operate our business.
Operational Risks
We depend on third parties for equipment and services essential to operate our business, and if we fail to secure sufficient equipment and services, we could lose customers and revenue.
We depend on third parties for transportation equipment, such as tractors, containers, chassis, and trailers and certain services such as warehousing and cross docks necessary for the operation of our business. Our industry has experienced equipment and warehouse capacity shortages in the past, particularly during the peak shipping season in the fall. A substantial amount of intermodal freight originates at or near the major West Coast ports, which have historically had the most severe equipment shortages. As an asset-light freight transportation management company, if we cannot secure sufficient transportation equipment and warehouse services at a reasonable price from third parties to meet our customers’ needs, our customers may seek to have their transportation and warehousing needs met by other providers with their own assets. This could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial position.
The ability to hire or retain management and other key personnel is critical to our continued success, and the loss of or inability to hire such personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
There is substantial competition for qualified personnel in the transportation services industry. Many individuals in the industry are required to sign non-competition agreements, severely limiting our ability to hire qualified personnel to compete in the market-place. As all key personnel devote their full time to our business, the loss of any member of our management team, or other key persons, or the inability to hire key persons, could have an adverse effect on us. We do not have written employment agreements with any of our executive officers and do not maintain key man insurance on any of our executive officers, although we do have non-competition agreements with most of them. If we lose key members of our senior management team or are unable to effect successful transitions from one executive to another as part of our succession plan, we may not be able to effectively manage our current operations or meet ongoing and future business challenges, and this could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our growth could be adversely affected if we are not able to pursue our acquisition strategy or to successfully integrate acquired businesses.
We cannot guarantee that we will be able to execute and integrate acquisitions on commercially acceptable terms. Furthermore, the failure to integrate an acquired business or assets could significantly impact our financial results. Although we believe we have adequate liquidity and capital resources to fund our operations internally, our inability to access the capital markets on favorable terms, or at all, to obtain adequate financing from debt or capital sources could adversely affect our ability to pursue growth through acquisitions. Financial results most likely to be negatively affected include, but are not limited to, revenue, gross margin, salaries and benefits, selling general and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization, interest expense, net income and our debt level.
Our obligation to pay our carriers is not contingent upon receipt of payment from our clients and we extend credit to certain clients as part of our business model.
In most cases, we take full risk of credit loss for the transportation services we procure from carriers. Our obligation to pay our carriers is not contingent upon receipt of payment from our clients. If any of our key clients fail to pay for our services, our profitability would be negatively impacted.
Our residential last mile delivery service entails certain risks that differ from those of our historical business operations.
With our acquisition of NSD we offer residential last mile delivery services to our customers. This service offering entails certain risks that differ from our historical business operations. While we do not operate any equipment or employ any drivers that are used in the provision of such services, our vendors’ trucks and drivers operate in residential environments that expose such vendors (and potentially us) to the risk of property damage, personal injury and other claims including from operating on residential streets and from entering into end-consumers’ homes.
Legal, Regulatory and Compliance Risks
We use a significant number of independent contractors, such as owner operators, in our businesses. Legislative, judicial and regulatory authorities may continue to take actions or render decisions that could affect the independent contractor classification, which could have a significant impact on our gross margin and operating income.
We do business with a large number of independent contractors, such as owner-operators, consistent with longstanding industry practices. Legislative, judicial, and regulatory (including tax) authorities have taken actions and rendered decisions that could affect independent contractor classifications. Class action and individual lawsuits have been filed against us and others in our industry, challenging independent contractor classifications. See Item 3 - Legal Proceedings for further discussion and see Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements under “Legal Matters” for a description of material pending litigation and regulatory matters affecting us and certain risks to our business presented by such matters. If independent contractors are determined to be employees, or the Company a joint employer of warehousemen used for our consolidation or last mile delivery business, then we may incur legal liabilities associated with that determination, such as liability for unpaid wages, overtime, employee health insurance and taxes. If we were to change how we treat independent contractors or reclassify independent contractors to employees, then we would likely incur expenses associated with that reclassification and could incur additional ongoing expenses. The costs associated with these matters could have a material adverse effect on results of operations and our financial position.
We operate in a highly regulated industry, and changes in existing regulations or costs of compliance with, or liability for violation of, existing or future regulations or antiterrorism measures could have a material adverse effect on our business.
The Company and various subsidiaries, including HGT, NSD, Estenson Logistics, LLC (“Estenson”) and CaseStack, are regulated by the Department of Transportation (“DOT”) as motor carriers and/or freight brokers. The DOT prescribes qualifications for acting in these capacities, including surety bond requirements. The transportation industry is subject to DOT regulations regarding, among other things, driver breaks and “restart” rules that can affect the economics of the industry by requiring changes in operating practices or influencing the demand for, and cost of providing, transportation services. The FMCSA, under the DOT, also manages a compliance and enforcement initiative partnering with state agencies designed to monitor and improve commercial vehicle motor safety. We are audited periodically by the DOT to ensure that we are in compliance with various safety, hours-of-service, and other rules and regulations. If we were found to be out of compliance, the DOT could levy fines and restrict or otherwise impact our operations. We may also become subject to new or more restrictive regulations relating to carbon emissions under climate change legislation or limits on vehicle weight and size. Future laws and regulations may be more stringent and require changes in operating practices, influence the demand for transportation services or increase the cost of providing transportation services, any of which could materially adversely affect our business and results of operations.
We are not able to accurately predict how new governmental laws and regulations, or changes to existing laws and regulations, will affect the transportation industry generally, or us in particular. We are also unable to predict how the change in administration will affect government regulation of the transportation industry. If we incur higher costs as a result of any new regulations and are unable to pass along such costs to our customers, our business may be adversely affected.
Our failure to comply with any existing or future laws, rules or regulations to which we are, or may become subject, whether actual or alleged, could have a material adverse effect on our business and on our ability to access the capital required to operate our business. Among other things, any such failure could expose us to reputational harm, loss of business, fines, penalties or potential litigation liabilities, including costs, settlements and judgments, as well as the loss of operating authority and restrictions on our operations.
Furthermore, terrorist attacks, along with any government response to those attacks, may adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. Our fleet, other key infrastructure and information technology systems may be targets or indirect casualties of acts of terror, other harmful acts, or war. Further, because transportation assets continue to be a target of terrorist activities, federal, state and local governmental bodies are proposing and, in some cases, have adopted legislation and regulations relating to security issues that impact the transportation industry, including checkpoints and travel restrictions on large trucks. If additional security measures disrupt or impede the timing of our operations, we may fail to meet the requirements of our customers or incur increased expenses to do so. In addition, complying with these or future regulations could continue to increase our operating costs and reduce operating efficiencies. We maintain insurance coverages addressing these risks; however, such insurance may be inadequate or become unavailable, premiums charged for some or all of the insurance could increase dramatically, or regulations may change. These changes could exacerbate the effects of an act of terrorism on our business, resulting in a significant business interruption, increased costs and liabilities and decreased revenues or an adverse impact on results of operation.
Our operations may be subject to various environmental laws and regulations, the violation of which could result in substantial fines or penalties.
We are subject to various federal, state and local governmental laws and regulations that govern, among other things, the emission and discharge of hazardous materials into the environment, the presence of hazardous materials at our properties or in our vehicles, fuel storage tanks, the transportation of certain materials and the discharge or retention of storm water. Under certain environmental laws, we could also be held responsible for any costs relating to contamination at our past or present facilities and at third-party waste disposal sites, as well as costs associated with the clean-up of accidents involving our vehicles. Environmental laws have become and may continue to be increasingly more stringent over time, and there can be no assurance that our costs of complying with current or future environmental laws or liabilities arising under such laws will not have a material adverse effect on our business, operations or financial condition.
From time to time, we arrange for the movement of hazardous materials at the request of our customers. As a result, we may be subject to various environmental laws and regulations relating to the handling of hazardous materials. If we are involved in a spill or other accident involving hazardous materials, or if we are found to be in violation of applicable laws or regulations, we could be subject to substantial fines or penalties and to civil and criminal liability, any of which could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
The Company is also subject to certain Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) and California Air Resources Board (“CARB”) regulations. We may become subject to enforcement actions, new or more restrictive regulations, or differing interpretations of existing regulations, which may increase the cost of providing transportation services or adversely affect our results of operations. In addition to EPA and state agency regulations on exhaust emissions with which we must comply, there is an increased legislative and regulatory focus on climate change, greenhouse gas emissions and the impact of global warming. State and local governments are increasingly considering greenhouse gas emissions regulation. This possibility of increased regulation of greenhouse gas emissions potentially exposes us to significant new taxes, fees and other costs. We are also subject to increasing sensitivity to environmental, sustainability and governance (“ESG”) issues. This increased focus on ESG issues may result in new regulations and/or customer requirements that could adversely impact our business, or certain shareholders reducing or eliminating their holdings of our stock. Any future limitations on the emission of greenhouse gases, other environmental legislation, or customer ESG requirements could increase our future capital expenditures and have an adverse impact on our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.
We are subject to the risks of litigation and governmental inquiries, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
The nature of our business exposes us to a variety of litigation risks related to a number of issues, including without limitation, accidents involving our trucks and employees, alleged violations of federal and state labor and employment laws, securities laws, environmental liability and other matters. Accordingly, we are, and in the future may be, subject to legal proceedings and claims that have arisen in the ordinary course of our business and may include class and collective allegations. We are also subject to potential governmental proceedings, inquiries, and claims. The parties in such actions may seek amounts from us that may not be covered in whole or in part by insurance. These proceedings may be time-consuming, expensive and disruptive to normal business operations. The defense of such lawsuits could result in significant expense and the diversion of our management’s time and attention from the operation of our business. In recent years, several insurance companies have stopped offering coverage to trucking companies as a result of increases in the severity of automobile liability claims and higher costs of settlements and verdicts. This trend could adversely affect our ability to obtain suitable insurance coverage or could significantly increase our cost for obtaining such coverage, which would adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and cash flows. Costs we incur to defend or to satisfy a judgment or settlement of these claims may not be covered by insurance or could exceed the amount of that coverage or increase our insurance costs and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and cash flows.
Changes in immigration laws could increase the costs of doing business or otherwise disrupt our operations.
We have hired individuals, including Information Technology (“IT”) employees, from outside the United States. We have employee drivers and owner-operator drivers who are immigrants to the United States. We engage third party consultants, including for various IT projects, who may utilize personnel from outside the United States. If immigration laws are changed or if new more restrictive government regulations are enacted or increased, our access to qualified and skilled personnel may be limited, the costs of doing business may increase and our operations may be disrupted.
Our business may be affected by uncertainty or changes in United States or global social, political or regulatory conditions.
We arrange for the movement of freight, a portion of which originates from China, into and out of every major city in the United States, Mexico and Canada, and we import 53-foot intermodal containers manufactured in China. Adverse developments in laws, policies or practices in the United States and internationally can negatively impact our business and the business of our customers. Negative domestic and international global trade conditions as a result of social, political or regulatory changes or perceptions (such as those that might be associated with pandemics) could materially affect our business, financial conditions and results of operations. We provide services both domestically and to a lesser extent outside of the United States, which subjects our business to various additional risks, including:
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changes in tariffs, trade restrictions, trade agreements and taxes;
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varying tax regimes, including consequences from changes in applicable tax laws;
•
difficulties in managing or overseeing foreign operations and agents;
•
different liability standards;
•
the price and availability of fuel;
•
uncertainty and changes to political and regulatory regimes as a result of changing social, political, regulatory and economic environments in the United States and internationally; and
•
geopolitical conditions, such as national and international conflict, including terrorist acts and the effects (or perceived effects of pandemics (such as the coronavirus).
If we do not correctly anticipate changes in social, political or regulatory conditions or their impact on the transportation industry, we may not alter our business practices in time to avoid adverse effects. Additionally, the occurrence or consequences of any of these factors may restrict our ability to operate in the affected region and/or decrease the profitability of our operations in that region.
Our suppliers may also be affected by changes in the political and regulatory environment, both in the United States and internationally. Negative impacts on our suppliers could result in disruptions in the supply and availability of equipment or services needed for our business that could in turn affect our ability to operate and serve our customers as planned. Additionally, changes to current United States international trade agreements, such as NAFTA and other trade agreements, may lead to fewer goods transported and we may need to restructure certain terms of business with suppliers or customers.
General Risks
Our inability to defend our intellectual property could damage our reputation and incur costs that have a negative impact on our operations or financial condition.
The Company has registered various trademarks and designs in the United States, Mexico and Canada. These marks play a major role in our business as they strengthen our brand recognition while helping accomplish our marketing strategy. Some of our intellectual property rights related to trademarks, trade secrets, domain names, copyrights, or other intellectual property could be challenged or invalidated or misappropriated or infringed upon, by third parties. Our continued efforts to obtain, enforce, protect and defend our intellectual property against a third-party infringement claim may be ineffective and could result in substantial costs which could adversely impact our corporate reputation, business, results of operations, and financial conditions.
Damage to our reputation through unfavorable publicity or the actions of our employees could adversely affect our financial condition.
Our success depends on our ability to consistently deliver operational excellence and strong customer service. Our inability to deliver our services and solutions as promised on a consistent basis, or our customers having a negative experience or otherwise becoming dissatisfied, can negatively impact our relationships with new or existing customers and adversely affect our brand and reputation, which could, in turn, adversely affect revenue and earnings growth. Adverse publicity (whether or not justified) relating to activities by our employees, contractors, agents or others with whom we do business, such as customer service mishaps or noncompliance with laws, could tarnish our reputation and reduce the value of our brand. With the increase in the use of social media outlets such as Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, LinkedIn, Glass Door and Twitter, adverse publicity can be disseminated quickly and broadly, making it increasingly difficult for us to effectively respond. This unfavorable publicity could also require us to allocate significant resources to rebuild our reputation.
The market value of our common stock may fluctuate and could be substantially affected by various factors.
We expect that the market price of our common stock will continue to fluctuate due to a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control. These factors include, among others:
•
actual or anticipated variations in earnings, financial or operating performance or liquidity;
•
changes in industry research analysts’ recommendations or projections;
•
failure to meet analysts’ and our Company's projections;
•
general political, social, economic and capital market conditions;
•
announcements of developments related to our business;
•
operating and stock performance of other companies deemed to be peers;
•
actions by government regulators;
•
news reports of trends, concerns and other issues related to us or our industry, including changes in regulations; and
•
geopolitical conditions such as acts or threats of terrorism, military conflicts, and the effects (or perceived effects) of pandemics (such as the coronavirus).
Our common stock price may fluctuate significantly in the future, and these fluctuations may be unrelated to our performance. General market price declines or market volatility in the future could adversely affect the price of our common stock, and the current market price of our common stock may not be indicative of future market prices.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Item 1B.
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
SUPPLEMENTARY ITEM. INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Pursuant to Instructions to Item 401 of Regulation S-K, we have included information on our executive officers in this Part I.
The table sets forth certain information as of February 1, 2021 with respect to each person who is an executive officer of the Company.
Name
Age
Position
David P. Yeager
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer
Phillip D. Yeager
President and Chief Operating Officer
Geoffrey F. DeMartino
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Kevin W. Beth
Executive Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
Vava R. Diamond
Executive Vice President and Chief Information Officer
Vincent C. Paperiello
Chief Solutions Officer
Michele L. McDermott
Chief Human Resources Officer
Douglas G. Beck
Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
David P. Yeager has served as our Chairman of the Board since November 2008 and as Chief Executive Officer since March 1995. From March 1995 through November 2008, Mr. Yeager served as Vice Chairman of the Board. From October 1985 through December 1991, Mr. Yeager was President of Hub Chicago. From 1983 to October 1985, he served as Vice President, Marketing of Hub Chicago. Mr. Yeager founded the St. Louis Hub in 1980 and served as its President from 1980 to 1983. Mr. Yeager founded the Pittsburgh Hub in 1975 and served as its President from 1975 to 1977. Mr. Yeager received a Masters in Business Administration degree from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Dayton. Mr. Yeager is the father of Phillip D. Yeager.
Phillip D. Yeager was named President and Chief Operating Officer on July 1, 2019. Prior to this appointment, Mr. Yeager served as Chief Commercial Officer overseeing Intermodal and Truck Brokerage operations as well as sales, pricing, solutions and account management since January 2018. Mr. Yeager formerly held the role of Executive Vice President, Account Management and Intermodal Operations since January 2016 after serving as Vice President of Account Management and Business Development from
February 2014 to January 2016. Mr. Yeager joined the Company in 2011 as the Director of Strategy and Acquisitions to focus on strategic initiatives and acquisitions throughout the company and lead the integration of Mode. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Yeager served as Assistant Vice President of Commercial Banking at BMO Harris Bank, and as an investment banking analyst for Lazard Freres & Co. Mr. Yeager earned his Bachelor of Arts degree from Trinity College, and a Master of Business Administration degree from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Mr. Yeager is the son of David P. Yeager.
Geoffrey F. DeMartino was named Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer in July 2020. Mr. DeMartino spent over 15 years in various financial roles, including corporate development and investment banking, before joining the Company in February 2016 as Vice President of Corporate Development and Strategy. He led the acquisitions of Estenson and CaseStack, and the divesture of Mode in his prior role. Mr. DeMartino received a Bachelor’s degree in Economics from Northwestern University.
Kevin W. Beth was promoted to Executive Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer in July 2020. Mr. Beth joined the Company in October 2003 as Corporate Controller and served as our Controller and Assistant Treasurer since March 2007. He has been instrumental in transforming the Company’s financial systems and leading the accounting organization through the integration of acquisitions, divestures, and implementation of accounting standards. Mr. Beth is a Certified Public Accountant and held various auditing and corporate accounting positions prior to joining the Company. He received a Bachelor’s degree in Accounting from the University of Illinois.
Vava R. Dimond was named an Executive Vice President of the Company in May 2016 and Chief Information Officer in April 2015 after serving as the Interim Chief Information Officer since September 2014. Ms. Dimond began her career with the Company in June 2013 as the Vice President of Business Engineering, responsible for overseeing the Company’s Business Intelligence, Business Engineering and Program Management projects and processes. Previously, Ms. Dimond spent 16 years with Schneider National and held several leadership positions within IT, most recently serving as Vice President of Technology Services. Ms. Dimond earned her Bachelor of Science degree in Economics from South Dakota State University.
Vincent C. Paperiello was named Chief Solutions Officer in July 2019 after serving as Executive Vice President, Pricing and Yield Management since February 2016. Since joining the Company in 1993, Mr. Paperiello has held a variety of operational, logistics management and business intelligence positions with the Company. In his current role, he is responsible for our go-to-market analytics organization, ensuring that we are developing and delivering solutions that propel our customers’ businesses. Mr. Paperiello is a member of the Professional Pricing Society and the Intermodal Association of North America, a leading industry trade association representing the combined interest of the intermodal freight industry. Mr. Paperiello received a Bachelor of Arts degree in History from Western Illinois University and a Master of Business Administration - Finance degree from DePaul University’s Kellstadt Graduate School of Business, graduating with honors both times.
Michele L. McDermott joined the Company in August 2019 as our Chief Human Resources Officer (“CHRO”). Ms. McDermott has nearly 25 years of experience in human resources and, prior to joining the Company, served as Senior Vice President of Human Resources at Assurance Agency from October 2015 through July 2019 and a variety of executive roles at National Express Corporation prior to her employment with Assurance Agency. As CHRO, Ms. McDermott is responsible for developing the Company’s employees, managing diverse workforces, and implementing strategic plans for benefits, safety programs and technology systems. Ms. McDermott earned a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from Lewis University and a Master of Business Administration, Operations and Finance from DePaul University’s Kellstadt Graduate School of Business. Ms. McDermott is a Society for Human Resources Management Senior Certified Professional and has received her Senior Professional in Human Resources certification from the HR Certification Institute.
Douglas G. Beck was named Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary in May 2016, after serving as Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel since July 2015, and Interim General Counsel since January 2015. In his role, Mr. Beck is responsible for managing the Legal, Compliance and Claims departments. Mr. Beck joined the Company in June 2011 as Assistant General Counsel. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Beck was a Senior Attorney with Alberto-Culver Company from 2007 to 2011. Mr. Beck previously held counsel positions at Navistar International Corporation, Allegiance Healthcare Corporation and Seyfarth Shaw. Mr. Beck earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in American Civilization from the University of Illinois graduating summa cum laude and received his Juris Doctor from Northwestern University School of Law.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Item 2.
PROPERTIES
As of December 31, 2020, we directly, or indirectly through our subsidiaries, operated 36 offices throughout the United States, Canada and Mexico, including our headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois and our HGT terminals located throughout the United States. All of our office space except for our corporate headquarters is leased. Most office leases have initial terms of more than one year, and many include options to renew. While some of our leases expire in the near term, we do not believe that we will have difficulty in renewing them or in finding alternative office space. We believe that our offices are adequate for the purposes for which they are currently used.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Item 3.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are a party to litigation incident to our business, including claims for personal injury and/or property damage, bankruptcy preference claims, and claims regarding freight lost or damaged in transit, improperly shipped or improperly billed. Some of the lawsuits to which we are party are covered by insurance and are being defended by our insurance carriers. Some of the lawsuits are not covered by insurance and we defend those ourselves. We do not believe that the outcome of this litigation will have a materially adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations. See Item 1 Business-Risk Management and Insurance and see Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements under “Legal Matters” for a detailed discussion of our ongoing legal proceedings, which note is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
Item 4.
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
Item 5.
MARKET FOR REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Our Class A Common Stock (“Class A Common Stock”) trades on the Nasdaq Global Select Market tier of the Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbol “HUBG.” There is no established trading market for shares of our Class B Common Stock (the “Class B Common Stock” together with the Class A Common Stock, the “Common Stock”).
On January 13, 2021, there were approximately 352 stockholders of record of the Class A Common Stock and in addition, there were an estimated 11,872 beneficial owners of the Class A Common Stock whose shares were held by brokers and other fiduciary institutions. On January 13, 2021, there were 9 holders of record of our Class B Common Stock.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
On May 23, 2019, our Board of Directors authorized the purchase of up to $100 million of our Class A Common Stock. Under the program, the shares may be repurchased in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, from time to time subject to market and other conditions. We did not purchase any stock under this authorization during the fourth quarter of 2020. The approved share repurchase program does not obligate us to repurchase any dollar amount or number of shares and the program may be extended, modified, suspended, or discontinued at any time.
We purchased 70,751 shares of Class A Common Stock related to employee withholding upon vesting of restricted stock in the fourth quarter of 2020. The table below gives information on a monthly basis regarding the number of shares delivered to us by employees to satisfy the mandatory tax withholding requirement upon vesting of restricted stock during the fourth quarter of 2020:
Maximum Value of
Total
Total Number of
Shares that May Yet
Number of
Average
Shares Purchased as
Be Purchased Under
Shares
Price Paid
Part of Publicly
the Plan
Purchased
Per Share
Announced Plan
(in 000’s)
10/1/2020 - 10/31/2020
$
52.72
-
$
75,002
11/1/2020 - 11/30/2020
1,883
$
50.23
-
$
75,002
12/1/2020 - 12/31/2020
68,433
$
55.58
-
$
75,002
Total
70,751
$
55.42
-
$
75,002
We were incorporated in 1995 and have never paid cash dividends on either the Class A Common Stock or the Class B Common Stock. The declaration and payment of dividends are subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors. Any determination as to the payment of dividends will depend upon our results of operations, capital requirements and financial condition of the Company, and such other factors as the Board of Directors may deem relevant. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Board of Directors will declare or pay cash dividends on the shares of Common Stock in the future. Our certificate of incorporation requires that any cash dividends must be paid equally on each outstanding share of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. Our credit facility prohibits us from paying dividends on the Common Stock if there has been, or immediately following the payment of a dividend there would be, a default or an event of default under the credit facility. We are currently in compliance with the covenants contained in the credit facility.
Performance Graph
The following line graph compares the Company’s cumulative total stockholder return on its Class A Common Stock since December 31, 2015 with the cumulative total return of the Nasdaq Stock Market Index (NQUSBT) and the Nasdaq Trucking and Transportation Index (NQUSB27707). These comparisons assume the investment of $100 on December 31, 2015 in each index and in the Company’s Class A Common Stock and the reinvestment of dividends.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Item 6.
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Selected Financial Data
(in thousands except per share data)
Years Ended December 31,
2020 (1)
2018 (2)
2017 (3)
Statement of Income Data:
Revenue
$
3,495,644
$
3,668,117
$
3,683,593
$
3,123,063
$
2,750,449
Gross margin
425,437
521,070
445,601
337,630
331,319
Operating income
105,826
152,420
124,919
72,699
96,557
Income from continuing operations before provision for income taxes
96,100
143,870
116,726
66,931
94,027
Income from continuing operations, net of income taxes
73,559
107,171
87,661
120,014
57,646
Income from discontinued operations net of income taxes
-
-
114,079
15,139
17,159
Net income
73,559
107,171
201,740
135,153
74,805
Earnings per share from continuing operations
Basic
$
2.22
$
3.22
$
2.62
$
3.61
$
1.70
Diluted
$
2.19
$
3.20
$
2.61
$
3.60
$
1.70
Earnings per share from discontinued operations
Basic
$
-
$
-
$
3.42
$
0.46
$
0.51
Diluted
$
-
$
-
$
3.40
$
0.45
$
0.51
Earnings per share from net income
Basic
$
2.22
$
3.22
$
6.04
$
4.07
$
2.21
Diluted
$
2.19
$
3.20
$
6.01
$
4.05
$
2.20
As of December 31,
2020 (1)
2018 (2)
2017 (3)
Balance Sheet Data:
Total assets (4)
$
2,105,396
$
1,991,574
$
1,924,898
$
1,670,941
$
1,360,259
Long-term debt and financing leases
176,805
188,754
233,810
222,504
126,105
Stockholders' equity
1,157,923
1,075,279
980,834
769,872
628,179
(1)
Includes the results of operations of NonstopDelivery, LLC (“NSD”) from December 9, 2020, the date of its acquisition.
(2)
Includes the results of operations of CaseStack, Inc. (“CaseStack”) from December 3, 2018, the date of its merger with a subsidiary of Hub Group, Inc. (the “CaseStack Acquisition”)
(3)
Includes the results of operations for Estenson Logistics, LLC from July 1, 2017, the date of its acquisition by our subsidiary Hub Group Trucking (“HGT”).
(4)
Total assets for the years 2016 to 2018 do not reflect the impact of the adoption of ASC 842 Leases on January 1, 2019.
On August 31, 2018, we sold our Mode Transportation, LLC (“Mode”) subsidiary. In our 2018 consolidated financial statements, Mode was presented as discontinued operations for that year and all prior periods presented. The balance sheet data above includes Mode’s assets for the year 2016. In 2017, Mode’s assets were classified as held for sale. The selected financial data for 2018 and prior years reflect Mode as discontinued operations. Refer to the Note 4 “Discontinued Operations” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the sale of Mode.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
Item 7.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This section of the Form 10-K generally discusses 2020 and 2019 items and year-to-year comparisons between 2020 and 2019. Discussions of 2018 items and year-to-year comparisons between 2019 and 2018 that are not included in this Form 10-K can be found in “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, which is incorporated herein by reference.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
We are a world class provider of multimodal transportation solutions. Our vision is to be the industry’s premier supply chain solutions provider. We offer comprehensive intermodal, logistics, truck brokerage and dedicated trucking services.
As an intermodal provider, we arrange for the movement of our customers’ freight in containers and trailers, typically over distances of 750 miles or more. We contract with railroads to provide transportation for the long-haul portion of the shipment between rail terminals. Local pickup and delivery services between origin or destination and rail terminals (referred to as “drayage”) are provided by HGT and third-party local trucking companies.
Our logistics line of business consists of complex transportation management services, including load consolidation, mode optimization and carrier management, as well as warehousing and consolidation services and residential last mile delivery services. These service offerings are designed to take advantage of the increasing trend for shippers to outsource all or a greater portion of their transportation needs. The CaseStack Acquisition added consolidation and warehousing services that are marketed primarily to consumer goods companies who serve the North American retail channel. Our recent acquisition of NSD in 2020 added a residential last mile delivery service capability for our customers.
Our truck brokerage line of business arranges for the transportation of freight, providing customers with another option for their transportation needs. We match our customers’ needs with trucking carriers’ capacity to provide the most effective service and price combination. As part of our truck brokerage services, we negotiate rates, track shipments in transit and handle claims for freight loss or damage on behalf of our customers.
Our dedicated service line, contracts with customers who require high level of service transportation using equipment dedicated to their needs. We offer a dedicated fleet of equipment and drivers, as well as the management and infrastructure to operate according to the customers’ high service expectations.
We employ sales and marketing representatives throughout North America who service local, regional and national accounts. We believe that fostering long-term customer relationships is critical to our success and allows us to better understand our customers’ needs and specifically tailor our transportation services to them.
Our customer solutions group works with our pricing, account management and operations groups to enhance our profit margins across all lines of business. We are working on margin enhancement projects including network optimization, matching of inbound and outbound loads, reducing empty miles, improving our recovery of accessorial costs, asset utilization, reducing repositioning costs, providing holistic solutions and reviewing and improving low profit freight.
Our top 50 customers represent approximately 69% of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020 with one customer responsible for more than 10% of our revenue. We use various performance indicators to manage our business. We closely monitor profit margins for our top 50 customers. We also evaluate on-time performance, customer service, cost per load and daily sales outstanding by customer account. Vendor cost changes and vendor service issues are also monitored closely.
Strategic Transactions
On December 9, 2020, we acquired 100% of the equity interest of NSD. Total consideration for the transaction was $103.3 million which consisted of cash paid of $89.7 million and the settlement of Hub’s accounts receivable due from NSD of $13.6 million.
On December 3, 2018, we completed the CaseStack Acquisition. Total consideration for the transaction was $252.9 million, consisting of $249.4 million in cash and $3.5 million in a deferred purchase consideration, which was paid equally over the twenty-four months following the transaction. Prior to being paid, it was included in Accrued Other in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
On August 31, 2018, we sold Mode. Unless otherwise stated, the information disclosed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis refers to continuing operations. See Note 4 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding results from discontinued operations.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019
The following table summarizes our revenue by business line (in thousands):
Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
Intermodal
$
2,091,984
$
2,166,382
Logistics
704,824
769,195
Truck brokerage
431,127
433,793
Dedicated
267,709
298,747
Total revenue
$
3,495,644
$
3,668,117
The following is a summary of operating results and certain items in the consolidated statements of income as a percentage of revenue:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31,
Revenue
$
3,495,644
100.0%
$
3,668,117
100.0%
Transportation costs
3,070,207
87.8%
3,147,047
85.8%
Gross margin
425,437
12.2%
521,070
14.2%
Costs and expenses:
Salaries and benefits
188,777
5.4%
235,963
6.4%
General and administrative
99,597
2.9%
104,206
2.8%
Depreciation and amortization
31,237
0.9%
28,481
0.8%
Total costs and expenses
319,611
9.2%
368,650
10.0%
Operating income
$
105,826
3.0%
$
152,420
4.2%
Revenue
Revenue decreased 4.7% to $3.5 billion in 2020 from $3.7 billion in 2019. Intermodal revenue decreased 3.4% to $2.1 billion primarily due to a 4.2% decrease in revenue per load, partially offset a 0.8% increase in volume. Logistics revenue decreased 8.4% to $704.8 million as the growth of CaseStack retail supplier solutions and the acquisition of NSD in December was more than offset by the impact of lost customers. Truck brokerage revenue decreased 0.6% to $431.1 million due to a 10.1% decrease in volume, partially offset by a 9.5% increase in revenue per load. Dedicated’s revenue decreased 10.4% to $267.7 million primarily due to the impact of business we exited, partially offset by growth with new accounts. Our business was significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on North American economic conditions, with revenue for the first half of 2020 down 13% as compared to the first half of 2019. Business conditions improved in the second half of 2020, with revenue growing 4% as compared to the prior year. Intermodal volume declined 7% in the first half of 2020 as compared to the prior year but grew 9% in the second half of 2020 as compared to the prior year.
Transportation Costs
Transportation costs were $3.1 billion in both 2020 and 2019. Transportation costs in 2020 consisted of purchased transportation costs of $2.4 billion and equipment and driver related costs of $643.5 million compared to 2019, which consisted of purchased transportation costs of $2.5 billion and equipment and driver related costs of $652.3 million. The 3.0% decrease in purchased transportation costs was primarily due to decreases in truck brokerage volume, decreases in logistics activity, and improved purchasing, partially offset by rail cost increases. Equipment and driver related costs decreased 1.4% in 2020 primarily due to lower driver wages, partially offset by increased equipment depreciation expense.
Gross Margin
Gross margin decreased 18.4% to $425.4 million in 2020 from $521.1 million in 2019. The $95.6 million gross margin decrease was the result of decreases in all lines of business. Intermodal gross margin decreased primarily due to lower customer pricing, higher equipment repositioning costs, and increased rail costs. Partially offsetting the intermodal gross margin decline was volume growth and the benefits from operational improvements at HGT. Logistics gross margin decreased due to lower revenue, partially offset by growth with new customers and the acquisition of NSD. Truck brokerage gross margin decreased due to lower revenue and volume,
partially offset by higher margin spot freight and decreased purchased transportation costs on our contractual freight. Dedicated gross margin decreased due to lost customers, partially offset with growth from new customers.
As a percentage of revenue, gross margin decreased to 12.2% in 2020 from 14.2% in 2019. Intermodal gross margin as a percentage of sales decreased 290 basis points due to lower pricing and higher purchased transportation costs. Truck brokerage gross margin as a percentage of sales decreased 140 basis points primarily due to changes in customer mix and higher purchased transportation costs. Logistics gross margin as a percentage of sales was flat as the benefits of continuous improvement initiatives were offset by higher purchased transportation costs. Dedicated gross margin as a percentage of sales decreased 150 basis points due to higher transportation costs, partially offset by improved operational discipline.
CONSOLIDATED OPERATING EXPENSES
Salaries and Benefits
Salaries and benefits decreased to $188.8 million in 2020 from $236.0 million in 2019. As a percentage of revenue, salaries and benefits decreased to 5.4% in 2020 from 6.4% in 2019. The decrease of $47.2 million was primarily due to lower variable compensation and lower headcount, including reductions in bonus expense of $26.8 million, salaries expense of $14.7 million, employee benefits expense of $3.3 million and payroll tax expense of $2.3 million. Headcount as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 was 1,989 and 2,024, respectively, which excludes driver headcount, the costs for which are included in transportation costs. The decrease in headcount is primarily due to technology driven efficiencies and improved processes, partially offset by an increase in headcount due to the acquisition of NSD.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses decreased to $99.6 million in 2020 from $104.2 million in 2019. As a percentage of revenue, these expenses increased to 2.9% in 2020 from 2.8% in 2019. The decrease of $4.6 million in general and administrative expense was due primarily to decreases in travel, meals and entertainment expenses of $5.0 million, a decrease in claims expense related to a $4.8 million settlement of a claim during 2019, decreases in temporary labor expense of $1.2 million, office expense of $1.0 million, telephone expense of $0.9 million and the impact of our cost reduction efforts. These decreases were partially offset by $5.9 million of expense related to donations of refrigerated trailers in support of COVID-19 efforts, a $2.2 million increase in professional services related primarily to a consulting project, professional costs related to the acquisition of NSD of $1.0 million, lower gains on the sale of equipment of $1.7 million and an impairment of a lease right-of-use asset of $0.8 million due to the abandonment of a leased property.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization increased to $31.2 million in 2020 from $28.5 million in 2019 related primarily to the deployment of IT initiatives. This expense as a percentage of revenue increased to 0.9% in 2020 from 0.8% in 2019.
Other Expense, Net
Other expense increased to $9.7 million in 2020 from $8.5 million in 2019 due to lower interest income on cash balances due to the decrease in interest rates and lower foreign currency gains partially offset by lower interest expense related to lower borrowings.
Provision for Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes decreased to $22.5 million in 2020 from $36.7 million in 2019 due primarily to a decrease in taxable income and a reduction of our effective tax rate in 2020. Our effective tax rate was 23.5% in 2020 and 25.5% in 2019. The effective tax rate decreased in 2020 due to a combination of a favorable adjustment related to stock-based compensation and state tax credits from amended returns.
Net Income
Net income decreased to $73.6 million in 2020 from $107.2 million in 2019 due primarily to decreases in gross margin, partially offset by lower costs and operating expenses, and income tax expenses.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
During 2020, we funded operations, capital expenditures, payments for acquisition, payments for finance leases, repayments of debt and the purchase of our stock related to employee withholding upon vesting of restricted stock through cash flows from operations, proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt including our revolver and cash on hand. In March 2020, we elected to borrow $100 million under our credit facility as a precautionary measure in order to increase our cash position and preserve financial flexibility in light of current uncertainty in the global markets resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. We repaid the $100 million of
borrowings in June 2020. We believe that our cash balance, cash flows from operations and borrowings available under our credit facility will be sufficient to meet our cash needs for at least the next twelve months.
Cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2020 was approximately $175.0 million, which resulted primarily from income of $73.6 million, non-cash charges of $155.5 million and changes in operating assets and liabilities of $54.1 million.
Cash provided by operating activities decreased $79.6 million in 2020 versus 2019. The decrease was due to the change in operating assets and liabilities of $67.2 million and the decrease in net income of $33.6 million, partially offset by the change in non-cash items of $21.2 million. The decrease in the change in operating assets and liabilities of $67.2 million was caused by decreases in the changes in accounts receivable of $79.9 million, prepaid expenses of $6.0 million, accrued expenses of $4.3 million, non-current liabilities of $1.0 million and prepaid taxes of $0.7 million. The decreases were partially offset by increases in the changes in accounts payable of $20.5 million, restricted investments of $2.6 million and other assets of $1.6 million. The increase in the change in non-cash charges of $21.2 million resulted from higher depreciation and amortization of $6.8 million, other operating activities of $6.4 million, deferred taxes of $5.6 million, lower gains on the sale of fixed assets of $1.6 million and higher compensation related to stock-based plans of $0.8 million.
Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $196.9 million which includes capital expenditures of $115.3 million and acquisition payments related to NSD of $84.8 million. Proceeds included $3.2 million from the sale of equipment. Capital expenditures of $115.3 million included container purchases of $39.4 million, tractors of $31.8 million, construction of our corporate headquarters of $19.8 million, technology investments of $13.5 million, transportation equipment of $9.9 million and the remainder for leasehold improvements.
Capital expenditures increased by approximately $20.5 million in 2020 as compared to 2019. The 2020 increase was due to increases in container purchases of $14.0 million, tractors of $5.2 million, transportation equipment of $4.3 million, our corporate headquarters of $3.5 million and leasehold improvements of $0.4 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in technology investments of $6.9 million.
In 2021, we estimate capital expenditures will range from $150 million to $170 million. We expect equipment purchases to range from $140 million to $155 million, and technology and other investments will range from $14 million to $18 million. We plan to fund these expenditures with a combination of cash and debt.
Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $22.3 million which includes repayments of long-term debt of $198.7 million, cash for stock tendered for payments of withholding taxes of $8.0 million and finance lease payments of $3.1 million partially offset by the proceeds from the issuance of debt $187.5 million. The repayments of long-term debt and proceeds from the issuance of debt amounts include the $100 million we elected to borrow under our credit facility in March 2020 that was fully repaid in June 2020.
The $58.8 million decrease in cash used in financing activities for 2020 versus 2019 was primarily due to the increase in proceeds from the issuance of debt of $31.0 million, the decrease in treasury shares purchased of $25.0 million and the decrease in debt payments of long-term debt of $6.9 million, partially offset by increases in cash used for purchase of our stock related to employee withholding taxes of $4.0 million and finance lease payments of $0.1 million. In March 2020, we elected to borrow $100 million under our credit facility as a precautionary measure in order to increase our cash position and preserve financial flexibility in light of then-current uncertainty in the global markets resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. We repaid the $100 million of borrowings in June 2020.
In 2020, cash paid for income taxes was $18.4 million, of which $2.6 million related to 2019 and $15.8 million related to 2020. Income tax expense was $22.5 million in 2020, which exceeded the cash paid for income taxes related to 2020 of $15.8 million which was due to favorable timing differences related to depreciation.
See Note 11 of the consolidated financial statements for details related to interest rates and commitment fees.
We have standby letters of credit that expire in 2021. As of December 31, 2020, our letters of credit were $37.7 million.
As of December 31, 2020, we had no borrowings under our bank revolving line of credit and our unused and available borrowings were $312.3 million. Our unused and available borrowings were $318.5 million as of December 31, 2019. We believe our line of credit is adequate to meet our cash needs. We were in compliance with our debt covenants as of December 31, 2020.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
Aggregated information about our obligations and commitments to make future contractual payments, such as debt and lease obligations, and contingent commitments as of December 31, 2020 is presented in the following table (in thousands).
Future Payments Due:
Operating
Finance
Interest
Leases
Leases
Debt
on Debt
Total
Year 1
$
11,082
$
1,817
$
93,562
$
6,242
$
112,703
Year 2
9,714
77,205
3,775
90,702
Year 3
7,607
-
58,373
1,580
67,560
Year 4
6,369
-
26,863
33,730
Year 5
6,312
-
14,356
20,794
Thereafter
8,803
-
-
-
8,803
$
49,887
$
1,825
$
270,359
$
12,221
$
334,292
Deferred Compensation
Under our Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Plan”), participants can elect to defer certain compensation. Payments under the Plan are due as follows (in thousands):
Future Payments Due:
Year 1
$
3,022
Year 2
2,806
Year 3
1,780
Year 4
1,432
Year 5
1,746
Thereafter
12,567
$
23,353
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions. In certain circumstances, those estimates and assumptions can affect amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. We have made our best estimates and judgments of certain amounts included in the financial statements, giving due consideration to materiality. We do not believe there is a great likelihood that materially different amounts would be reported related to the accounting policies described below. However, application of these accounting policies involves the exercise of judgment and use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates. The following is a brief discussion of the more significant accounting policies and estimates. These critical accounting policies are further discussed in Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition
In accordance with the Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, our significant accounting policy for revenue is as follows:
Revenue is recognized when we transfer services to our customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive. We account for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. We generally recognize revenue over time because of continuous transfer of control to the customer. Since control is transferred over time, revenue and related transportation costs are recognized based on relative transit time, which is based on the extent of progress towards completion of the related performance obligation. We enter into contracts that can include various combinations of services, which are capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, that are collected by the Company from a customer, are excluded from revenue. Further, in most cases, we report our revenue on a gross basis because we are the primary obligor as we are responsible for providing the service desired by the customer. Our customers view us as responsible for fulfillment including the acceptability of the service. Service requirements may include, for example, on-time delivery, handling freight loss and damage
claims, setting up appointments for pick-up and delivery and tracing shipments in transit. We have discretion in setting sales prices and as a result, the amount we earn varies. In addition, we have the discretion to select our vendors from multiple suppliers for the services ordered by our customers. These factors, discretion in setting prices and discretion in selecting vendors, further support reporting revenue on a gross basis for most of our revenue.
Allowance for Uncollectible Trade Accounts
We extend credit to customers after a review of each customer’s credit history. An allowance for uncollectible trade accounts has been established through an analysis of the accounts receivable aging, an assessment of collectability based on historical trends and an evaluation based on current economic conditions. Annually we review, in hindsight, the percentage of receivables that are collected that aged over one year, those that are not one year old and the accounts that went into bankruptcy. We reserve for accounts less than one year old based on specifically identified uncollectible balances and our historic collection percentage, including receivable adjustments charged through revenue for items such as billing disputes. In establishing a reserve for certain account balances specifically identified as uncollectible, we consider the aging of the customer receivables, the specific details as to why the receivable has not been paid, the customer’s current and projected financial results, the customer’s ability to meet and sustain its financial commitments, the positive or negative effects of the current and projected industry outlook and the general economic conditions. Our historical collection percentage has been over 98% for receivables that are less than a year old. Once a receivable ages over one year, our collection percentage is much lower, thus a separate calculation is done for open receivables that have aged over one year. We also review our collection percentage after a customer has gone into bankruptcy. Although these collection percentages may change both negatively and positively, since only a small portion of our receivables are aged over one year or are involved in a bankruptcy case, a large change in either of those collection percentages would not have a material impact on our financial statements. Our level of reserves for customer accounts receivable fluctuates depending upon all the factors mentioned above. Historically, our reserve for uncollectible accounts has approximated actual accounts written off and we do not expect the reserve for uncollectible accounts to change significantly relative to our accounts receivable balance. The allowance for uncollectible accounts is reported on the balance sheet in net accounts receivable. Recoveries of receivables previously charged off are recorded when received.
Capitalized Internal Use Software and Cloud Computing Costs
We capitalize internal and external costs, which include costs related to the development of our cloud computing or hosting arrangements, incurred to develop internal use software per ASC Subtopic 350-40. Internal use software has both the of the following characteristics: the software is acquired, internally developed, or modified solely to meet our needs and during the development or modification, no substantive plan exists or is being developed to market the software externally. Only costs incurred during the application development stage and costs to develop or obtain software that allows for access to or conversion of old data by new systems are capitalized. Capitalization of costs begins when the preliminary project stage is complete, management has committed to funding the project and it is probable the project will be completed, and the software will be used to perform its intended function. The measurement of the costs to capitalize include fees paid to third parties, costs incurred to obtain software from third parties, travel expenses by employees in their duties associated with developing software, payroll related costs for employees who devote time spent directly on the project and interest costs incurred while developing internal-use software or implementing a hosting arrangement. Capitalization ceases no later than when the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use, after all substantial testing is complete.
Claims Accruals
We purchase insurance coverage for a portion of expenses related to employee injuries, vehicular collisions, accidents, and cargo damage. Certain insurance arrangements include high self-insurance retention limits or deductibles applicable to each claim. We have umbrella policies to limit our exposure to large claim costs.
Our claims accrual policy for all self-insured claims is to recognize a liability at the time of the incident based on our analysis of the nature and severity of the claims and analyses provided by third-party claims administrators, as well as legal and regulatory factors. Our safety and claims personnel work directly with representatives from the insurance companies and third-party administrators to continually update the estimated cost of each claim. The ultimate cost of a claim develops over time as additional information regarding the nature, timing, and extent of damages claimed becomes available. Accordingly, we use an actuarial method to develop current claim information to derive an estimate of our ultimate claim liability. This process involves the use of loss-development factors based on our historical claims experience. In doing so, the recorded liability considers future claims growth and provides an allowance for incurred-but-not-reported claims. Our claim accrual liability is classified as either current or non-current in the consolidated balance sheet based on an estimate of when the claims are expected to be paid. We do not discount our estimated losses. In addition, we record receivables for amounts expected to be reimbursed for payments made in excess of self-insurance levels on covered claims.
OUTLOOK, RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
Business Combinations/Divestitures
We believe that any future acquisitions or divestitures that we may make could significantly impact financial results. Financial results most likely to be impacted include, but are not limited to, revenue, gross margin, salaries and benefits, selling, general and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization, interest expense, net income and our debt level.
Revenue
We believe that the performance of our railroad vendors and a severe or prolonged slow-down of the economy are the most significant factors that could negatively influence our revenue growth rate. Should there be further consolidation in the rail industry causing a service disruption, we believe our intermodal business would likely be negatively impacted. Should there be a significant service disruption, we expect that there may be some customers who would switch from using our intermodal service to other transportation services that may not be provided by Hub. We expect that these customers may choose to continue to utilize other services even when intermodal service levels are restored. Other factors that could negatively influence our growth rate include, but are not limited to, the elimination of fuel surcharges, lower fuel prices, the entry of new competitors, aggressive pricing by new or existing competitors, poor customer retention, inadequate drayage and intermodal service and inadequate equipment supply and the ongoing coronavirus outbreak or other health concerns.
Gross Margin
We expect fluctuations in gross margin as a percentage of revenue from quarter-to-quarter caused by various factors including, but not limited to, competitor pricing actions, changes in the transportation business mix, start-up costs for new business, changes in logistics services between transactional business and management fee business, changes in truck brokerage services between spot, committed and special, insurance and claim costs, driver recruiting costs, driver compensation changes, impact of regulations on drayage costs, trailer and container capacity, vendor cost increases, fuel costs, equipment utilization, intermodal industry growth, intermodal industry service levels, accessorials, competitive pricing and related changes in accounting estimates.
Salaries and Benefits
We estimate that salaries and benefits as a percentage of revenue could fluctuate from quarter-to-quarter as there are timing differences between volume increases and changes in levels of staffing. Factors that could cause the percentage not to stay in the recent historical range include, but are not limited to, revenue growth rates significantly higher or lower than forecasted, a management decision to invest in additional personnel to stimulate new or existing businesses, changes in customer requirements, changes in our operating structure, severance, employee insurance costs, how well we perform against our EPS and other bonus goals, and changes in railroad intermodal service levels which could result in a lower or higher cost of labor per move.
General and Administrative
We believe there are several factors that could cause general and administrative expenses to fluctuate as a percentage of revenue. As customer expectations and the competitive environment require the development of new technology interfaces and the restructuring of our information systems and related platforms, we believe there could be significant expenses incurred. Other factors that could cause general and administrative expense to fluctuate include, but are not limited to, changes in insurance premiums, technology expense related to software and services, claim expense, bad debt expense, professional services expense and costs related to acquisitions or divestitures. Additionally, the gains or losses on sales of used assets can result in fluctuating general and administrative expenses.
Equipment, Depreciation and Amortization
We operate tractors and utilize containers, trailers and chassis in connection with our business. This equipment may be purchased or leased as part of an operating or financing lease. In addition, we rent equipment from third parties and various railroads under short term rental arrangements. Equipment which is purchased is depreciated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful life.
Impairment of Property and Equipment, Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangibles
On an ongoing basis, we assess the realizability of our assets. If, at any point during the year, we determine that an impairment exists, the carrying amount of the asset is reduced by the estimated impairment with a corresponding charge to earnings which could have a material adverse impact on earnings.
Other Expense
We expect interest expense to increase in 2021 because we financed our 2020 tractor and container purchases with debt and we expect to incur debt for our 2021 capital expenditures. Factors that could cause a change in interest expense include, but are not limited to, change in interest rates, change in investments, funding working capital needs, funding capital expenditures, funding an acquisition and purchase of treasury stock.
Provision for Income Taxes
Based on current tax legislation, we estimate that our effective tax rate will be between 23% and 25% in 2021.

---

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Item 7A.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to market risk related to changes in interest rates on our bank line of credit which may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
The Company has both fixed and variable rate debt as described in Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Any material increase in market interest rates would not have a material impact on the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Although we conduct business in foreign countries, international operations are not material to our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. Additionally, foreign currency transaction gains and losses were not material to our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020. Accordingly, we are not currently subject to material foreign currency exchange rate risks from the effects that exchange rate movements of foreign currencies would have on our future costs or on future cash flows we would receive from our foreign investment. To date, we have not entered into any foreign currency forward exchange contracts or other derivative financial instruments to hedge the effects of adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. We do not use financial instruments for trading purposes.

---

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Item 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets - December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income - Years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity - Years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and
December 31, 2018
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
S-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Hub Group, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Hub Group, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(b) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), and our report dated February 26, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the account or disclosure to which it relates.
Claims Accruals
Description of the Matter
At December 31, 2020, the Company’s aggregate accrued liability related to auto and workers’ compensation claims, inclusive of amounts expected to be paid above its self-insured retention limits, was $32.1 million. As explained in Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements, the Company recognizes a liability at the time of an incident based upon the nature and severity of the claim and analyses provided by third-party claims administrators. The Company utilizes actuarial methods to estimate this liability.
Auditing the Company's claims accruals is complex due to the uncertainty associated with the claims, the application of significant management judgment, and the use of actuarial methods. In addition, the estimate of the accrual can fluctuate based on the assumptions used in the actuarial studies, including the frequency and severity of claims, the loss development factors for existing claims and the estimates of incurred but not reported claims. These assumptions have a significant effect on the claims accruals.
How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit
We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of internal controls over the claims accrual process. For example, we tested the controls over management’s assessment of the assumptions and underlying data used in the determination of the measurement and valuation of the reserve.
To evaluate the claims accruals, our audit procedures included, among others, testing the completeness and accuracy of the underlying claims data. Furthermore, we involved our actuarial specialist to assist in our evaluation of the methodologies applied and significant assumptions used by the Company in determining the calculated liability. We then compared the Company’s recorded liability amount to a range which our actuarial specialist developed based on independently selected assumptions.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2002.
Chicago, Illinois
February 26, 2021
HUB GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share amounts)
December 31,
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents
$
124,506
$
168,729
Accounts receivable trade, net
518,975
443,539
Other receivables
1,265
3,237
Prepaid taxes
1,336
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
26,753
24,086
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS
672,835
640,221
Restricted investments
23,353
22,601
Property and equipment, net
671,101
663,165
Right-of-use assets - operating leases
43,573
35,548
Right-of-use assets - financing leases
3,557
5,865
Other intangibles, net
163,953
120,967
Goodwill, net
508,555
484,459
Other assets
18,469
18,748
TOTAL ASSETS
$
2,105,396
$
1,991,574
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable trade
$
285,320
$
257,247
Accounts payable other
12,680
11,585
Accrued payroll
23,044
45,540
Accrued other
102,613
86,686
Lease liability - operating leases
10,093
8,567
Lease liability - financing leases
1,793
3,048
Current portion of long-term debt
93,562
94,691
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES
529,105
507,364
Long-term debt
176,797
186,934
Non-current liabilities
42,910
36,355
Lease liability - operating leases
36,328
28,518
Lease liability - financing leases
1,820
Deferred taxes
162,325
155,304
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding in 2020 and 2019
-
-
Common stock
Class A: $.01 par value; 97,337,700 shares authorized and 41,224,792 shares issued in 2020 and 2019; 33,549,708 shares outstanding in 2020 and 33,353,904 shares outstanding in 2019
Class B: $.01 par value; 662,300 shares authorized; 662,296 shares issued and outstanding in 2020 and 2019
Additional paid-in capital
186,058
179,637
Purchase price in excess of predecessor basis, net of tax benefit of $10,306
(15,458
)
(15,458
)
Retained earnings
1,253,160
1,179,601
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(191
)
(186
)
Treasury stock; at cost, 7,675,084 shares in 2020 and 7,870,888 shares in 2019
(266,065
)
(268,734
)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
1,157,923
1,075,279
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
$
2,105,396
$
1,991,574
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.
HUB GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands, except per share amounts).
Years Ended December 31,
Revenue
$
3,495,644
$
3,668,117
$
3,683,593
Transportation costs
3,070,207
3,147,047
3,237,992
Gross margin
425,437
521,070
445,601
Costs and expenses:
Salaries and benefits
188,777
235,963
222,786
General and administrative
99,597
104,206
81,272
Depreciation and amortization
31,237
28,481
16,624
Total costs and expenses
319,611
368,650
320,682
Operating income
105,826
152,420
124,919
Other income (expense):
Interest expense
(9,746
)
(10,994
)
(9,611
)
Interest income
2,103
1,359
Other, net
(383
)
Total other income (expense)
(9,726
)
(8,550
)
(8,194
)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
96,100
143,870
116,725
Income tax expense
22,541
36,699
29,064
Income from continuing operations
73,559
107,171
87,661
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes
$
-
$
-
$
114,079
Net income
$
73,559
$
107,171
$
201,740
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Foreign currency translation adjustments
(5
)
(4
)
Total comprehensive income
$
73,554
$
107,167
$
201,752
Earnings per share from continuing operations
Basic
$
2.22
$
3.22
$
2.62
Diluted
$
2.19
$
3.20
$
2.61
Earnings per share from discontinued operations
Basic
$
-
$
-
$
3.42
Diluted
$
-
$
-
$
3.40
Earnings per share net income
Basic
$
2.22
$
3.22
$
6.04
Diluted
$
2.19
$
3.20
$
6.01
Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding
33,180
33,284
33,393
Diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding
33,543
33,480
33,560
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.
HUB GROUP, INC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands, except shares)
Purchase Price
Class A & B
of Excess of
Accumulated
Common Stock
Additional
Predecessor
Other
Treasury
Shares
Paid-in
Basis, Net
Retained
Comprehensive
Stock
Issued
Amount
Capital
of Tax
Earnings
Income
Shares
Amount
Total
Balance December 31, 2017
41,887,088
$
$
173,011
$
(15,458
)
$
870,716
$
(194
)
(7,777,722
)
$
(258,622
)
$
769,872
Stock tendered for payments of withholding taxes
-
-
-
-
-
-
(87,381
)
(4,270
)
(4,270
)
Issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures
-
-
(14,271
)
-
-
-
434,020
14,271
-
Share-based compensation expense
-
-
13,480
-
-
-
-
-
13,480
Net income
-
-
-
-
201,740
-
-
-
201,740
Foreign currency translation adjustment
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Balance December 31, 2018
41,887,088
$
$
172,220
$
(15,458
)
$
1,072,456
$
(182
)
(7,431,083
)
$
(248,621
)
$
980,834
Purchase of treasury shares
-
-
-
-
-
-
(626,320
)
(24,998
)
(24,998
)
Stock tendered for payments of withholding taxes
-
-
-
-
-
-
(98,260
)
(3,984
)
(3,984
)
Issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures
-
-
(8,869
)
-
-
-
284,775
8,869
-
Share-based compensation expense
-
-
16,286
-
-
-
-
-
16,286
Net income
-
-
-
-
107,171
-
-
-
107,171
Adoption of ASC 842
-
-
-
-
(26
)
-
-
-
(26
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
-
-
-
-
-
(4
)
-
-
(4
)
Balance December 31, 2019
41,887,088
$
$
179,637
$
(15,458
)
$
1,179,601
$
(186
)
(7,870,888
)
$
(268,734
)
$
1,075,279
Stock tendered for payments of withholding taxes
-
-
-
-
-
-
(148,242
)
(7,963
)
(7,963
)
Issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures
-
-
(10,632
)
-
-
-
344,046
10,632
-
Share-based compensation expense
-
-
17,053
-
-
-
-
-
17,053
Net income
-
-
-
-
73,559
-
-
-
73,559
Foreign currency translation adjustment
-
-
-
-
-
(5
)
-
-
(5
)
Balance December 31, 2020
41,887,088
$
$
186,058
$
(15,458
)
$
1,253,160
$
(191
)
(7,675,084
)
$
(266,065
)
$
1,157,923
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.
HUB GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Years Ended December 31,
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net Income
$
73,559
$
107,171
$
201,740
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization
123,679
116,887
83,910
Deferred taxes
7,463
1,821
39,499
Compensation expense related to share-based compensation plans
17,053
16,286
13,480
Contingent consideration adjustment
-
-
(4,703
)
Loss (gain) on sale of assets
(745
)
(1,007
)
Other operating activities
6,385
-
-
Gain on Disposition
-
-
(132,448
)
Transaction costs for Disposition
-
-
(5,798
)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Restricted investments
(752
)
(3,365
)
Accounts receivable, net
(47,219
)
32,732
(31,475
)
Prepaid taxes
(707
)
(14
)
11,472
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
(2,508
)
3,447
(1,750
)
Other assets
(2,177
)
(3,786
)
(8,029
)
Accounts payable
5,594
(14,933
)
5,521
Accrued expenses
(4,408
)
(122
)
43,476
Non-current liabilities
(1,915
)
(870
)
(3,876
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
174,954
254,509
210,839
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sale of equipment
3,289
10,025
10,975
Purchases of property and equipment
(115,306
)
(94,847
)
(199,791
)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
(84,845
)
(734
)
(248,656
)
Proceeds from the disposition of discontinued operations
-
19,439
227,986
Net cash used in investing activities
(196,862
)
(66,117
)
(209,486
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of debt
187,475
56,494
172,146
Repayments of long-term debt
(198,741
)
(105,653
)
(133,436
)
Stock tendered for payments of withholding taxes
(7,963
)
(3,984
)
(4,270
)
Purchase of treasury stock
-
(24,998
)
-
Finance lease payments
(3,066
)
(2,954
)
(2,889
)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
(22,295
)
(81,095
)
31,551
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
(20
)
(3
)
(26
)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
(44,223
)
107,294
32,878
Cash and cash equivalents beginning of the year
168,729
61,435
28,557
Cash and cash equivalents end of the year
$
124,506
$
168,729
$
61,435
Supplemental disclosures of cash paid for:
Interest
$
9,458
$
11,262
$
9,677
Income taxes
$
18,388
$
40,289
$
13,606
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.
HUB GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
For all periods presented in our Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, all sales, costs, expenses, gains and income taxes attributable to Mode Transportation, LLC (“Mode”) have been reported under the captions, “Income from Discontinued Operations, Net of Income Taxes.” Cash flows used in or provided by Mode have been reported in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows under operating and investing activities.
Business: Hub Group, Inc. (“Hub”, “we”, “us” or “our”) provides intermodal transportation services utilizing primarily third-party arrangements with railroads. Local pick-up and delivery services (referred to as “drayage”) can be provided by our subsidiary, Hub Group Trucking, Inc. (“HGT”), or a third-party company. We offer a dedicated fleet of equipment and drivers through our dedicated line of business. We also arrange for transportation of freight by truck and perform logistics services.
On December 9, 2020, we acquired NonstopDelivery, LLC (“NSD”). Refer to Note 5 “Acquisitions” for additional information regarding NSD.
On December 3, 2018, a subsidiary of Hub Group, Inc. merged with CaseStack, Inc. (“CaseStack”) (the “CaseStack Acquisition”). Refer to Note 5 “Acquisitions” for additional information regarding CaseStack.
On August 31, 2018, we sold Mode, a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Disposition”). Refer to Note 4 “Discontinued Operations” for additional information regarding results from discontinued operations.
Principles of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include our accounts and all entities in which we have more than a 50% equity ownership or otherwise exercise unilateral control. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Cash and Cash Equivalents: We consider as cash equivalents all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, our cash and temporary investments were with high quality financial institutions in demand deposit accounts (“DDAs”), savings accounts and an interest-bearing checking account.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts: On January 1, 2020, we adopted ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASC 326), which replaces the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the Current Expected Credit Loss (“CECL”). The measurement of expected credit losses under the CECL methodology is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including trade receivables. Results for reporting periods beginning January 1, 2020 are presented under ASC 326 while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable generally accepted accounting principles. The impact of adopting the standard was immaterial. In accordance with the standard, trade receivables are reported at amortized cost net of the allowance for credit losses.
The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the trade receivables’ amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on the receivables. Trade receivables are charged off against the allowance when we believe the uncollectibility of a receivable balance is confirmed, and the expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged-off and expected to be charged-off. Management continuously reviews and assesses the environment, especially with the COVID-19 pandemic, and its potential impact on the credit worthiness and collectability of our accounts receivable with customers most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our allowance for credit losses is presented in the allowance for uncollectible trade accounts and is immaterial at December 31, 2020 and 2019. The allowance for uncollectible trade accounts also includes estimated adjustments to revenue for items such as billing disputes. Our reserve for uncollectible accounts was approximately $8.3 million and $6.9 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Receivables are written off once collection efforts have been exhausted. Recoveries of receivables previously charged off are recorded when received.
Property and Equipment: Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation of property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method at rates adequate to depreciate the cost of the applicable assets over their expected useful lives: building and improvements, up to 40 years; leasehold improvements, the shorter of useful life or lease term; computer equipment and software, up to 10 years; furniture and equipment, up to 10 years; and transportation equipment up to 16 years. Direct costs related to internally developed software projects are capitalized and amortized over their expected useful life on a straight-line basis not to exceed 10 years. Interest is capitalized on qualifying assets under development for internal use. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred and major improvements are capitalized. The cost of assets retired or otherwise disposed of and the accumulated depreciation thereon are removed from the accounts with any gain or loss realized upon sale or disposal charged or
credited to operations. We review long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. In the event that the undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset is less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss equal to the excess of the assets carrying amount over its fair value, less cost to dispose, is recorded.
Capitalized Internal Use Software and Cloud Computing Costs: We capitalize internal and external costs, which include costs related to the development of our cloud computing or hosting arrangements, incurred to develop internal use software per ASC Subtopic 350-40. Internal use software has both the of the following characteristics: the software is acquired, internally developed, or modified solely to meet our needs and during the development or modification, no substantive plan exists or is being developed to market the software externally. Only costs incurred during the application development stage and costs to develop or obtain software that allows for access to or conversion of old data by new systems are capitalized. Capitalization of costs begins when the preliminary project stage is complete, management has committed to funding the project and it is probable the project will be completed, and the software will be used to perform its intended function. The measurement of the costs to capitalize include fees paid to third parties, costs incurred to obtain software from third parties, travel expenses incurred by employees in their duties associated with developing software, payroll related costs for employees who spend time directly on the project and interest costs incurred while developing internal-use software or implementing a hosting arrangement. Capitalization ceases no later than when the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use, after all substantial testing is complete.
Goodwill and Other Intangibles: In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04 Intangibles - Goodwill and other (Topic 350): simplifying the test for goodwill impairment. This ASU simplifies how all entities assess goodwill for impairment by eliminating step two from the goodwill impairment test. As amended, the goodwill impairment test will consist of one step comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize a goodwill impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2020, as required. The adoption of Topic 350 had no material effect on our financial statements.
Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair market value of net assets acquired in connection with our business combinations. Goodwill and intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives are not amortized but are subject to annual impairment tests.
We test goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter or when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of this asset might exceed the current fair value. We test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level. Since the Disposition, we only have one reporting unit. We assess qualitative factors such as current company performance and overall economic factors to determine if it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of our reporting unit was less than its carrying value and whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. In the quantitative goodwill test, a company compares the carrying value of a reporting unit to its fair value. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, then a goodwill impairment charge will be recognized in the amount by which carrying amount exceeds fair value, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. We performed our annual assessment in the fourth quarter of 2020 and 2019 as required and determined it was not more-likely-than-not that the fair value of our reporting unit was less than its carrying value.
We evaluate the potential impairment of finite-lived acquired intangible assets when impairment indicators exist. If the carrying value is no longer recoverable based upon the undiscounted future cash flows of the asset, the amount of the impairment is the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the asset.
Claims Accruals: We purchase insurance coverage for a portion of expenses related to employee injuries, vehicular collisions, accidents, and cargo damage. Certain insurance arrangements include high self-insurance retention limits or deductibles applicable to each claim. We have umbrella policies to limit our exposure to large claim costs.
Our claims accrual policy for all self-insured claims is to recognize a liability at the time of the incident based on our analysis of the nature and severity of the claims and analyses provided by third-party claims administrators, as well as legal and regulatory factors. Our safety and claims personnel work directly with representatives from the insurance companies to continually update the estimated cost of each claim. The ultimate cost of a claim develops over time as additional information regarding the nature, timing, and extent of damages claimed becomes available. Accordingly, we use an actuarial method to develop current claim information to derive an estimate of our ultimate claim liability. This process involves the use of loss-development factors based on our historical claims experience. In doing so, the recorded liability factors in future growth of claims and an allowance for incurred-but-not-reported claims. We do not discount our estimated losses. In addition, we record receivables for amounts expected to be reimbursed for payments made in excess of self-insurance levels on covered claims related to auto liability and workers’ compensation. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had an accrual of approximately $32.1 million and $20.0 million, respectively for estimated claims. We had no significant receivables recorded for payments in excess of our self-insured levels. Our claims accruals are classified in accrued other and non-current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets, based on when the claim is estimated to be paid.
Concentration of Credit Risk: Our financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. We place our cash and temporary investments with high quality financial institutions in DDAs, savings accounts and an interest-bearing checking account. We primarily serve customers located throughout the United States with no significant concentration in any one region. One customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020. No one customer accounted for more than 10% of revenue in 2019 or 2018. We review a customer’s credit history before extending credit. In addition, we routinely assess the financial strength of our customers and, as a consequence, believe that our trade accounts receivable risk is limited.
Revenue Recognition: In accordance with the Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers our significant accounting policy for revenue is as follows:
Revenue is recognized when we transfer services to our customer in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive. We account for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. We generally recognize revenue over time because of continuous transfer of control to the customer. Since control is transferred over time, revenue and related transportation costs are recognized based on relative transit time, which is based on the extent of progress towards completion of the related performance obligation. We enter into contracts that can include various combinations of services, which are capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, that are collected by the Company from a customer, are excluded from revenue. Further, in most cases, we report our revenue on a gross basis because we are the primary obligor as we are responsible for providing the service desired by the customer. Our customers view us as responsible for fulfillment including the acceptability of the service. Service requirements may include, for example, on-time delivery, handling freight loss and damage claims, setting up appointments for pick-up and delivery and tracing shipments in transit. We have discretion in setting sales prices and as a result, the amount we earn varies. In addition, we have the discretion to select our vendors from multiple suppliers for the services ordered by our customers. These factors, discretion in setting prices and discretion in selecting vendors, further support reporting revenue on a gross basis for most of our revenue.
Provision for Income Taxes: Deferred income taxes are recognized for the future tax effects of temporary differences between financial and income tax reporting using tax rates in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. We believe that it is more likely than not that our deferred tax assets will be realized based on future taxable income projections with two exceptions for which we have established valuation allowances. We have established valuation allowances of $0.1 million related to state tax net operating losses and $6.4 million related to federal and state tax credit carryforwards. In the event the probability of realizing the remaining deferred tax assets does not meet the more likely than not threshold in the future, a valuation allowance would be established for the deferred tax assets deemed unrecoverable.
Tax liabilities are recorded when, in management’s judgment, a tax position does not meet the more likely than not threshold for recognition as prescribed by the guidance. For tax positions that meet the more likely than not threshold, a tax liability may be recorded depending on management’s assessment of how the tax position will ultimately be settled. We recognize interest expense and penalties related to income tax liabilities in our provision for income taxes.
Earnings Per Common Share: Basic earnings per common share are based on the average quarterly weighted average number of Class A and Class B shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share are adjusted for restricted stock using the treasury stock method.
Stock Based Compensation: Share-based compensation includes the restricted stock awards expected to vest based on the grant date fair value. Compensation expense is amortized straight-line over the vesting period and is included in salaries and benefits.
New Pronouncements: In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement. This standard is effective for public business entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. This standard requires changes to the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements for certain Level 3 items and specifies that some of the changes must be applied prospectively, while others should be applied retrospectively. We adopted the standard as of January 1, 2020, but it did not have an impact on our financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This ASU clarifies and simplifies accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions for intraperiod tax allocation principles, the methodology for calculating income tax rates in an interim period, and recognition of deferred taxes for outside basis difference in an investment, among other updates. The effective date of this ASU is for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2020. We adopted the standard as of January 1, 2021, but it did not have an impact on our financial statements.
Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. Significant estimates include the allowance for uncollectible trade accounts, exposure for self-insured claims under our insurance policies and useful lives of assets. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
NOTE 2. Capital Structure
We have authorized common stock comprised of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. The rights of holders of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock are identical, except each share of Class B Common Stock entitles its holder to approximately 84 votes, while each share of Class A Common Stock entitles its holder to one vote. We have authorized 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock.
NOTE 3. Earnings Per Share
The following is a reconciliation of our earnings per share (in thousands, except for per share data):
Years Ended, December 31,
Net income from continuing operations for basic and diluted earnings per share
$
73,559
$
107,171
$
87,661
Net income from discontinued operations for basic and diluted earnings per share
-
-
114,079
Net income
$
73,559
$
107,171
$
201,740
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
33,180
33,284
33,393
Dilutive effect of restricted stock
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted
33,543
33,480
33,560
Earnings per share from continuing operations
Basic
$
2.22
$
3.22
$
2.62
Diluted
$
2.19
$
3.20
$
2.61
Earnings per share from discontinued operations
Basic
$
-
$
-
$
3.42
Diluted
$
-
$
-
$
3.40
Earnings per share net income
Basic
$
2.22
$
3.22
$
6.04
Diluted
$
2.19
$
3.20
$
6.01
NOTE 4. Discontinued Operations
On August 31, 2018, we sold our Mode subsidiary. Results associated with Mode are classified as income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes, in our Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Proceeds from the sale of Mode have been presented in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows under investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2018. The reported operating cash used of $4.3 million and investing cash flows of $245.3 million from discontinued operations exclude the effect of income taxes.
NOTE 5. Acquisitions
NonstopDelivery, LLC Acquisition
On December 9, 2020, we acquired 100% of the equity interest of NSD. Total consideration for the transaction was $103.3 million which consisted of cash paid of $89.7 million and the settlement of Hub’s accounts receivable due from NSD of $13.6 million.
The acquisition of NSD expanded our logistics service offering to include last mile logistics. NSD provides residential last mile delivery services through a non-asset business model, working with a network of over 170 carriers throughout the country. The financial results, since the acquisition date, of NSD are included in our logistics line of business.
The initial accounting for the acquisition of NSD is incomplete as we, with the support of our valuation specialist, are in the process of finalizing the fair market value calculations of the acquired net assets. In addition, the Company is in the preparation and final review process of the applicable future cash flows used in determining the purchase accounting. Finally, certain post-closing activities outlined in the acquisition agreement remain incomplete. As a result, the amounts recorded in the consolidated financial statements related to the NSD acquisition are preliminary and the measurement period remains open. The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the total consideration to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of the acquisition (in thousands):
December 9, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents
$
4,829
Accounts receivable trade
26,250
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Property and equipment
2,907
Right of use assets - operating leases
1,105
Goodwill, net
24,315
Other intangibles
56,736
Other assets
Total assets acquired
$
116,391
Accounts payable trade
$
9,972
Accrued payroll
1,324
Accrued other
Lease liability - operating leases
Lease liability - financing leases
Total liabilities assumed
$
13,102
Total consideration
$
103,289
Cash paid, net
$
84,845
The NSD acquisition was accounted for as a purchase business combination in accordance with ASC 805 “Business Combinations.” Assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at their estimated fair values as of December 9, 2020 with the remaining unallocated purchase price recorded as goodwill. The goodwill recognized in the NSD acquisition was primarily attributable to potential expansion and future development of the acquired business.
Tax history and attributes are not inherited in an equity purchase of this kind, however, the goodwill and other intangibles recognized in this purchase will be fully tax deductible over a period of 15 years.
We incurred approximately $1.0 million of transaction costs associated with this transaction prior to the closing date that are reflected in general and administrative expense in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2020.
The components of “Other intangibles” listed in the above table as of the acquisition date are preliminarily estimated as follows (in thousands):
Accumulated
Balance at
Estimated Useful
Amount
Amortization
December 31, 2020
Life
Customer relationships
$
52,683
$
$
52,390
15 years
Agent relationships
$
2,432
$
$
2,381
4 years
Trade name
$
1,621
$
$
1,531
18 months
The above intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method. Amortization expense related to this acquisition for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $0.4 million. The intangible assets have a weighted average useful life of approximately 14.08 years.
From the date of the acquisition through December 31, 2020, NSD’s revenue was $10.2 million and operating income was $0.9 million.
CaseStack Acquisition
On December 3, 2018, we completed the CaseStack Acquisition. Total consideration for the transaction was $252.9 million, which included $249.4 million in cash, of which $248.7 million was paid in December 2018 and $0.7 million in April 2019. There was also a deferred purchase consideration of $3.5 million. The deferred purchase consideration was paid equally over the twenty-four months following the transaction. Prior to being paid, it was included in Accrued Other in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The CaseStack Acquisition expanded our logistics service offering to include transportation and warehousing consolidation solutions for consumer goods companies selling into the North American retail channel. The transaction also added scale to our truck brokerage service offering, particularly in the less-than-truckload segment of the market.
The following table summarizes the total purchase price allocated to the net assets acquired (in thousands):
Cash paid
$
249,389
Deferred purchase consideration
3,469
Total consideration
$
252,858
The following table summarizes the allocation of the total consideration to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of the acquisition (in thousands):
Accounts receivable trade
$
31,896
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Property and equipment
3,247
Deferred tax assets
6,433
Goodwill, net
166,070
Other intangibles
75,600
Other assets
Total assets acquired
$
284,060
Accounts payable trade
$
24,542
Accrued payroll
2,811
Accrued other
3,849
Total liabilities assumed
$
31,202
Total consideration
$
252,858
The CaseStack Acquisition was accounted for as a purchase business combination in accordance with ASC 805 “Business Combinations.” Assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at their estimated fair values as of December 3, 2018 with the remaining unallocated purchase price recorded as goodwill. The goodwill recognized in the transaction was primarily attributable to potential expansion and future development of the acquired business.
Tax history and attributes including net operating loss carryovers and other deferred tax assets are inherited in an equity purchase such as this, while goodwill is not tax deductible.
We incurred approximately $1.4 million of transaction costs prior to the closing date that are reflected in general and administrative expense in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2018.
From the date of the transaction through December 31, 2018, CaseStack’s revenue was $20.8 million and operating income was $0.7 million.
The following unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations presents the effects of NSD as though it had been acquired as of January 1, 2019 and CaseStack as though it had been owned as of January 1, 2018 (in thousands, except for per share amounts):
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2020
December 31, 2019
December 31, 2018
Revenue
$
3,584,538
$
3,733,507
$
3,912,745
Income from continuing operations
$
84,874
$
107,998
$
133,310
Earnings per share (1)
Basic
$
2.56
$
3.24
$
2.81
Diluted
$
2.53
$
3.23
$
2.79
(1)
Earnings per share is from continuing operations.
The unaudited pro forma consolidated results for the annual periods were prepared using the acquisition method of accounting and are based on the historical financial information of Hub, NSD and CaseStack. The historical financial information has been adjusted to give effect to the pro forma adjustments that are: (i) directly attributable to the acquisition, (ii) factually supportable and (iii) expected to have a continuing impact on the combined results. The unaudited pro forma consolidated results are not necessarily indicative of what our consolidated results of operations actually would have been had we completed the NSD acquisition on January 1, 2019 and CaseStack Acquisition on January 1, 2018.
NOTE 6. Revenue from Contracts with Customers
See Note 1 - Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for significant accounting policy for revenue.
Hub offers comprehensive multimodal solutions including intermodal, logistics, truck brokerage, and dedicated services. Hub has full time employees located throughout the United States, Canada and Mexico.
Intermodal. As an intermodal provider, we arrange for the movement of our customers’ freight in containers and trailers, typically over long distances of 750 miles or more. We contract with railroads to provide transportation for the long-haul portion of the shipment between rail terminals. Local pickup and delivery services between origin or destination and rail terminals (referred to as “drayage”) are provided by HGT and third-party local trucking companies.
Logistics. Hub’s logistics operation offers a wide range of transportation management services and technology solutions including shipment optimization, load consolidation, mode selection, carrier management, load planning and execution and web-based shipment visibility. Our multi-modal transportation capabilities include small parcel, heavyweight, expedited, less-than-truckload, truckload, intermodal, last mile delivery, railcar and international shipping. We leverage proprietary technology along with collaborative relationships with retailers and logistics providers to deliver cost savings and performance-enhancing supply chain services to consumer-packaged goods clients. We contract with third-party warehouse providers in seven markets across North America to which our customers ship their goods to be stored and eventually consolidated, along with goods from other customers into full truckload shipments destined to major North American retailers. These services offer our customers shipment visibility, transportation cost savings, high service levels and compliance with retailers’ increasingly stringent supply chain requirements.
On December 9, 2020, we acquired NSD. NSD provides basic, residential last mile delivery services through a non-asset business model, working with a network of over 170 carriers throughout the country. The financial results of NSD since the acquisition are included in our logistics line of business.
Truck Brokerage. We operate one of the largest truck brokerage operations, providing customers with an over the road service option for their transportation needs. Our brokerage does not operate any trucks; instead, we match customers’ needs with carriers’ capacity to provide the most effective service and price combination. We have contracts with a substantial base of carriers allowing us to meet the varied needs of our customers.
Dedicated. Our dedicated operation contracts with customers who seek to outsource a portion of their trucking transportation needs. We offer a dedicated fleet of equipment and drivers to each customer, as well as the management and infrastructure to operate according to the customer’s high service expectations. Contracts with customers generally include fixed and variable pricing arrangements and may include charges for early termination which serves to reduce the financial risk we bear with respect to the utilization of our equipment.
The following table summarizes our disaggregated revenue by business line (in thousands) for the years ended December 31:
Intermodal
$
2,091,984
$
2,166,382
$
2,219,739
Logistics
704,824
769,195
673,715
Truck brokerage
431,127
433,793
497,282
Dedicated
267,709
298,747
292,857
Total revenue
$
3,495,644
$
3,668,117
$
3,683,593
NOTE 7. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
In accordance with the FASB issued guidance in the Intangibles-Goodwill and Other Topic of the Codification, we completed the required annual impairment test. We performed a qualitative assessment on goodwill and determined it was not, more-likely-than-not, that the fair value of our reporting unit was less than its carrying value. There were no accumulated impairment losses of goodwill at the beginning of the period.
The following table presents the carrying amount of goodwill (in thousands):
Total
Balance at January 1, 2019
$
483,584
Acquisition
$
1,094
Other
(219
)
Balance at December 31, 2019
$
484,459
Acquisition
24,315
Other
(219
)
Balance at December 31, 2020
$
508,555
The changes noted as “other” in the table above for both 2020 and 2019 refer to the amortization of the income tax benefit of tax goodwill in excess of financial statement goodwill.
The components of the “Other intangible assets” are as follows (in thousands):
Net
Gross
Accumulated
Carrying
Amount
Amortization
Value
Life
As of December 31, 2020:
Customer relationships
$
196,806
$
(36,765
)
$
160,041
5-15 years
Agent relationships
$
2,432
$
(51
)
$
2,381
4 years
Trade name
$
2,921
$
(1,390
)
$
1,531
18 months
Total
$
202,159
$
(38,206
)
$
163,953
Net
Gross
Accumulated
Carrying
Amount
Amortization
Value
Life
As of December 31, 2019:
Customer relationships
$
144,123
$
(23,517
)
$
120,606
5-15 years
Trade name
$
1,300
$
(939
)
$
18 months
Total
$
145,423
$
(24,456
)
$
120,967
The above intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method. Amortization expense was $13.8 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. The remaining weighted average life of all definite lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 was 10.98 years. Amortization expense for the next five years is as follows (in thousands):
Total
Year 1
$
17,943
Year 2
17,270
Year 3
16,675
Year 4
15,030
Year 5
14,472
NOTE 8. Income Taxes
The following is a reconciliation of our effective tax rate to the federal statutory tax rate:
Years Ended December 31,
United States federal statutory rate
21.0
%
21.0
%
21.0
%
Federal tax law changes
-
-
0.5
State taxes, net of federal benefit
3.6
3.5
3.7
Federal and state incentives
(1.1
)
(0.9
)
(0.9
)
State law changes
(0.2
)
0.7
-
Permanent differences
0.2
1.2
0.6
Net effective rate
23.5
%
25.5
%
24.9
%
The following is a summary of our provision for income taxes (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
Current
Federal
$
11,913
$
31,209
$
(13,750
)
State and local
3,597
3,979
1,740
Foreign
(234
)
15,521
35,272
(12,244
)
Deferred
Federal
6,548
(344
)
36,968
State and local
1,788
4,134
Foreign
(17
)
7,020
1,427
41,308
Total provision
$
22,541
$
36,699
$
29,064
The following is a summary of our deferred tax assets and liabilities (in thousands):
December 31,
Accrued compensation
12,467
13,153
Other reserves
14,154
10,297
Tax credit carryforwards
8,715
6,669
Operating loss carryforwards
2,845
4,879
Lease accounting liability
11,669
10,195
Total gross deferred income taxes
49,850
45,193
Valuation allowances
(6,518
)
(4,713
)
Total deferred tax assets
43,332
40,480
Prepaids
(6,404
)
(4,774
)
Other receivables
-
(656
)
Property and equipment
(132,669
)
(124,964
)
Goodwill
(55,166
)
(55,195
)
Lease right-of-use asset
(11,418
)
(10,195
)
Total deferred tax liabilities
(205,657
)
(195,784
)
Total deferred taxes
$
(162,325
)
$
(155,304
)
We are subject to income taxation in the United States, numerous state jurisdictions, Mexico and Canada. Because income tax return formats vary among the states, we file both unitary and separate company state income tax returns. We do not permanently reinvest our foreign earnings, all amounts are accrued and accounted for, though not material.
We acquired a federal net operating loss carryforward of $4.1 million through the CaseStack Acquisition in December 2018. IRS loss limitation rules allowed us to utilize $1.3 million in both 2020 and 2019. The remaining net operating loss of $1.5 million has no expiration date. Our state tax net operating losses total $1.2 million. Some of those state losses have no expiration date while others will expire between December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2039. Management believes it is more likely than not that the loss carryforward deferred tax assets will be realized, except for fifty-five thousand dollars of state losses. A valuation allowance of fifty-five thousand dollars has been established.
Our federal incentive tax credit carryforward of $0.1 million expires between December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2028. Our state incentive tax credit carryforwards of $8.6 million expire between December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2025. Management believes it is more likely than not that the incentive carryforward deferred tax assets will be realized, except for $6.4 million of state tax credits. A valuation allowance of $6.4 million has been established.
As of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the amount of unrecognized tax benefits was $4.3 million and $4.1 million, respectively. Of these amounts, our income tax provision would decrease $3.7 million and $3.4 million, respectively, if recognized. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):
Gross unrecognized tax benefits - beginning of the year
$
4,069
$
3,894
Gross (decreases) increases related to prior year tax positions
(52
)
Gross increases related to current year tax positions
1,484
Lapse of applicable statute of limitations
(1,209
)
(405
)
Gross unrecognized tax benefits - end of year
$
4,292
$
4,069
We estimate it is reasonably possible that our reserve could either increase or decrease by up to $1.0 million during the next twelve months.
We recognize interest expense and penalties related to income tax liabilities in our provision for income taxes. These amounts have been immaterial for the last three years.
On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the "CARES Act") was enacted in response to the coronavirus ("COVID-19") pandemic. Among other things, the CARES Act includes provisions related to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of the employer portion of social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, modifications to the net interest deduction limitations, and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. Though some
provisions of the CARES Act do impact the Company, there was no material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020. On December 27, 2020, the Consolidated Appropriations Act (“CAA”) was enacted in further response to the COVID-19 pandemic, in combination with omnibus spending for the 2021 federal fiscal year. The CAA extended many of the provisions enacted by the CARES Act, the extension of which likewise did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020.
NOTE 9. Fair Value Measurement
The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable materially approximated fair value as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the fair value of the Company’s fixed-rate borrowings was $6.1 million and $3.8 million more than the historical carrying value of $270.4 million and $281.6 million, respectively. The fair value of the fixed-rate borrowings was estimated using an income approach based on current interest rates available to the Company for borrowings on similar terms and maturities.
We consider as cash equivalents all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, our cash and temporary investments were with high quality financial institutions in DDAs, savings accounts and an interest-bearing checking account.
Restricted investments included $23.4 million and $22.6 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, of mutual funds which are reported at fair value. These investments relate to the nonqualified deferred compensation plan that is described in Note 15.
Our assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on valuation techniques which consider prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets and liabilities. These valuation methods are based on either quoted market prices (Level 1) or inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly (Level 2), or unobservable inputs (Level 3). Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and mutual funds and related liabilities are defined as “Level 1,” while long-term debt is defined as “Level 2” of the fair value hierarchy in the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the Codification.
NOTE 10. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consist of the following (in thousands):
December 31,
Land
$
24,708
$
24,708
Building and improvements
36,649
36,602
Leasehold improvements
7,686
7,300
Computer equipment and software
145,139
132,413
Furniture and equipment
14,732
14,057
Transportation equipment
862,247
800,300
Construction in process
33,467
18,331
1,124,628
1,033,711
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(453,527
)
(370,546
)
Property and Equipment, net
$
671,101
$
663,165
Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment was $95.3 million, $89.5 million and $75.1 million for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
NOTE 11. Long-Term Debt and Financing Arrangements
On July 1, 2017, we entered into a five year, $350 million unsecured credit agreement (the "Credit Agreement"). Borrowings under the Credit Agreement generally bear interest at a variable rate equal to (i) LIBOR plus a specified margin based upon Hub’s total net leverage ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) (the "Total Net Leverage Ratio"), or (ii) the base rate (which is the highest of (a) the administrative agent's prime rate, (b) the federal funds rate plus 0.50% or (c) the sum of 1% plus one-month LIBOR) plus a specified margin based upon the Total Net Leverage Ratio. The specified margin for Eurodollar loans varies from 100.0 to 200.0 basis points per annum. The specified margin for base rate loans varies from 0.0 to 100.0 basis points per annum. Hub must also pay (1) a commitment fee ranging from 10.0 to 25.0 basis points per annum (based upon the Total Net Leverage Ratio) on the aggregate unused commitments and (2) a letter of credit fee ranging from 100.0 to 200.0 basis points per annum (based upon the Total Net Leverage Ratio) on the undrawn amount of letters of credit.
We have standby letters of credit that expire in 2021. As of December 31, 2020, our letters of credit were $37.7 million.
As of December 31, 2020, we had no borrowings under the Credit Agreement and our unused and available borrowings were $312.3 million. We were in compliance with our debt covenants as of December 31, 2020.
We have entered into various Equipment Notes (“Notes”) for the purchase of tractors, trailers and containers. The Notes are secured by the underlying equipment financed in the agreements.
Our outstanding debt is as follows (in thousands):
December 31,
December 31,
(in thousands)
Interim funding for equipment received and expected to be converted to an equipment note in subsequent year; interest paid at a variable rate
$
8,902
$
-
Secured Equipment Notes due on various dates in 2025 commencing on various dates in 2020; interest is paid monthly at a fixed annual rate between 1.51% and 1.80%
74,494
-
Secured Equipment Notes due on various dates in 2024 commencing on various dates in 2017, 2019 and 2020; interest is paid monthly at a fixed annual rate between 2.50% and 3.59%
49,920
62,690
Secured Equipment Notes due on various dates in 2023 commencing on various dates from 2016 to 2019; interest is paid monthly at a fixed annual rate between 2.20% and 4.20%
112,668
153,350
Secured Equipment Notes due on various dates in 2022 commencing on various dates from 2015 to 2017; interest is paid monthly at a fixed annual rate of between 2.20% and 2.90%
8,943
16,892
Secured Equipment Notes due on various dates in 2021 commencing on various dates from 2014 to 2017; interest is paid monthly at a fixed annual rate between 2.02% and 2.96%
15,432
35,076
Secured Equipment Notes due on various dates in 2020 commencing on various dates from 2015 to 2016; interest is paid monthly at a fixed annual rate between 1.72% and 2.78%
-
13,617
270,359
281,625
Less current portion
(93,562
)
(94,691
)
Total long-term debt
$
176,797
$
186,934
Aggregate principal payments, in thousands, due subsequent to December 31, 2020, are as follows:
Year 1
$
93,562
Year 2
77,205
Year 3
58,373
Year 4
26,863
Year 5
14,356
$
270,359
NOTE 12. Leases
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASC 842, Leases, (“ASC 842”) which requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset (“ROU”) and a lease obligation for all leases. We adopted ASC 842 as of January 1, 2019, in accordance with the standard. ASC 842 provides an option to apply the transition provisions as of the effective date. We elected this option when we adopted the new standard using a modified retrospective transition method and recognized a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption rather than in the earliest period presented. In addition, we elected to apply a package of practical expedients and as such did not reassess at the date of initial adoption (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain
leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, or (3) initial direct costs for existing leases. Lessees can also make an accounting policy election to not recognize an asset and liability for leases with a term of twelve months or less which we elected.
As of December 31, 2020, Hub has recorded $47.1 million of ROU assets and $48.2 million of lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2019, Hub has recorded $41.4 million of ROU assets and $42.0 million of Lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. The lease liabilities recognized are measured based upon the present value of minimum future payments. The ROU assets are equal to lease liabilities upon initial recording, adjusted for prepaid and accrued rent balances which are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Hub currently does not have any variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate (such as the Consumer Price Index or a market interest rate). Some leases have options to extend or terminate the agreement, which Management assesses in determining the estimated lease term. If any of the options to extend a lease are exercised, this change will be reflected as a remeasurement of the ROU asset and lease liability accordingly. As of December 31, 2020, the ROU asset and lease liabilities do not reflect any options to extend or terminate a lease as management is not reasonably certain it will exercise any of these options. Also, current leases do not contain any restrictions or covenants imposed by the leases or residual value guarantees.
Occasionally, Hub will sublease office space or parking spaces. The subleases do not relieve Hub of any of its primary obligations under the original agreement. Currently, Hub has subleases with an expected annual income totaling $0.4 million.
As of December 31, 2020, Hub signed new property lease contracts which have not commenced. Based on the present value of the lease payments, the estimated ROU assets and lease liabilities related to these contracts will total approximately $0.6 million.
Discount rates are not specified on the individual lease contracts at the commencement date. To determine the present value of the lease payments, Hub used its incremental borrowing rate which was determined based on Hub’s credit standing and factoring in the current 12-month LIBOR rate published at the time of the lease commencement. This incremental borrowing rate represents the rate of interest that Hub would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term and amounts equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment.
The following table summarizes the lease costs (in thousands), which are included in transportation costs and general and administrative costs in the accompanying consolidated statement of income:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2020
December 31, 2019
Amortization of finance right-of-use assets
$
2,309
$
2,326
Interest on finance lease liabilities
Finance lease cost
2,444
2,578
Operating lease cost
10,946
10,861
Short-term lease cost
Sublease income
(469
)
(507
)
Total lease cost
$
13,159
$
13,221
The following table represents the maturity of operating and finance lease liabilities (in thousands):
December 31, 2020
Operating Leases
Finance Leases
Total
Year 1
$
11,082
$
1,817
$
12,899
Year 2
9,714
9,722
Year 3
7,607
-
7,607
Year 4
6,369
-
6,369
Year 5
6,312
-
6,312
Thereafter
8,803
-
8,803
Total
49,887
1,825
51,712
Imputed interest
3,466
3,490
Present value of lease payments
46,421
1,801
48,222
Less: current lease liabilities
10,093
1,793
11,886
Long-term lease liabilities
$
36,328
$
$
36,336
December 31, 2019
Operating Leases
Finance Leases
Total
Year 1
$
9,703
$
3,183
$
12,886
Year 2
8,361
1,836
10,197
Year 3
7,029
7,037
Year 4
4,861
-
4,861
Year 5
3,706
-
3,706
Thereafter
7,190
-
7,190
Total
40,850
5,027
45,877
Imputed interest
3,765
3,924
Present value of lease payments
37,085
4,868
41,953
Less: current lease liabilities
8,567
3,048
11,615
Long-term lease liabilities
$
28,518
$
1,820
$
30,338
The following table presents supplemental cash flow and noncash information related to leases:
Twelve Months Ended
December 31, 2020
December 31, 2019
Operating cash flows from operating leases
$
9,419
$
9,702
Financing cash flows from finance leases
3,066
2,954
Operating cash flows from finance leases
Cash paid for lease liabilities
$
12,620
$
12,908
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new
$
(71
)
$
financing lease liabilities (net of disposals)
Rights-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new
$
17,875
$
13,242
operating lease liabilities (net of disposals)
The weighted average remaining lease term and discount rates as of December 31 (in thousands) are as follows:
December 31, 2020
December 31, 2019
Weighted average remaining lease term - finance leases
0.6 years
1.59 years
Weighted average remaining lease term - operating leases
5.61 years
5.38 years
Weighted average discount rate - finance leases
3.88
%
3.88
%
Weighted average discount rate - operating leases
2.64
%
3.44
%
NOTE 13. Internal-Use Software
We capitalize internal and external costs, which include costs related to the development of our cloud computing or hosting arrangements, incurred to develop internal use software per ASC Subtopic 350-40. Our hosting arrangements are primarily related to our new enterprise resource planning systems.
We had total capitalized internal use software costs, which include costs related to the development of our cloud computing or hosting arrangements, net of accumulated amortization, of $64.1 million and $64.8 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The 2020 balance consists of capitalized implementation costs of $13.9 million, net of accumulated amortization, related to our cloud hosting arrangements, which are classified in other assets in our consolidated balance sheet and capitalized internal-use software costs of $50.2 million, net of accumulated amortization, which are classified in property and equipment in our consolidated balance sheet. The 2019 balance consists of capitalized implementation costs of $14.4 million, net of accumulated amortization, related our cloud hosting arrangements, which are classified in other assets in our consolidated balance sheet and capitalized internal-use software costs of $50.4 million, net of accumulated amortization, which are classified in property and equipment in our consolidated balance sheet.
We capitalized total implementation and internal-use software costs of $12.7 million and $21.9 million in 2020 and 2019, respectively. Implementation and internal-use software costs are amortized, once ready for intended use, over its expected useful life or the term of the associated hosting arrangements of generally up to 10 years.
NOTE 14. Stock-Based Compensation Plans
The 2017 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2017 Incentive Plan”) was approved by the Board of Directors and subsequently approved by the Company’s stockholders at the 2017 annual meeting. The 2017 Incentive Plan authorizes a broad range of awards including stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and restricted stock units, performance shares or units, other stock-based awards, and cash incentive awards to all employees (including the Company’s executive officers), directors, consultants, independent contractors or agents of us or a related company. The 2017 Incentive Plan is effective as of March 15, 2017.
As of December 31, 2020, 828,022 shares were available for future grant under the 2017 Incentive Plan.
We have awarded time-based restricted stock to our employees and the Company’s non-employee Directors. This restricted stock vests over a three to five-year period for all recipients other than the Company’s non-employee Directors. The non-employee Directors restricted stock vests over a one period. In 2020, 2019 and 2018, in addition to the time-based restricted stock we granted performance-based restricted stock to our executive officers. The performance-based restricted stock cliff vests after the third anniversary year if certain EBITDA targets are achieved.
Share-based compensation expense for 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $17.1 million, $16.3 million and $13.5 million or $13.1 million, $12.1 million and $10.1 million, net of taxes, respectively. Included in the 2020, 2019 and 2018 share-based compensation expense was $4.5 million, $3.4 million and $1.8 million of performance-based share expenses or $3.5 million, $2.6 million and $1.3 million, net of taxes, respectively.
The following table summarizes the non-vested restricted stock activity for the year ended December 31, 2020:
Time-Based
Performance-Based
Restricted Stock
Restricted Stock
Weighted
Weighted
Time-Based
Average
Performance-Based
Average
Restricted Stock
Grant Date
Restricted Stock
Grant Date
Shares
Fair Value
Shares
Fair Value
Non-vested January 1, 2020
875,492
$
41.34
127,500
$
43.04
Granted
339,196
$
52.07
132,288
$
51.07
Vested
(311,077
)
$
43.19
(114,000
)
$
49.20
Forfeited
(111,128
)
$
43.92
(16,310
)
$
44.45
Non-vested at December 31, 2020
792,483
$
46.01
129,478
$
45.64
The following table summarizes the restricted stock granted during the respective years:
Time-based restricted stock grants
Employees
312,855
355,579
463,818
Outside directors
26,341
32,262
37,125
Total
339,196
387,841
500,943
Weighted average grant date fair value
$
52.07
$
38.02
$
47.34
Vesting period
1-5 years
1-5 years
1-5 years
The 2018 performance shares earned a 200% award therefore an additional 57,000 shares were issued to settle the award on the vesting date of December 4, 2020. A new performance-based restricted stock grant of 75,288 shares were issued to employees in 2020. The performance-based restricted stock grants in 2019 and 2018 were 76,500 and 89,143, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value of these shares was $51.07 in 2020, $37.20 in 2019, and $49.20 in 2018, all with a cliff vest after three years.
The fair value of non-vested restricted stock is equal to the market price of our stock at the date of grant.
The total fair value of restricted shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $17.8 million, $14.7 million and $13.3 million, respectively.
As of December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, there was $27.5 million, $27.4 million and $31.5 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested time-based compensation, respectively, that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period for 2020, 2019, and 2018 of 2.47 years, 2.91 years and 2.81 years. Additionally, as of December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 there was $3.5 million, $4.2 million and $2.4 million of unrecognized compensation cost, respectively, related to the non-vested performance-based restricted stock compensation that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.5 years for both 2020 and 2019 and 2.0 years for 2018.
During January 2021, we granted 265,308 shares of restricted stock, which includes 79,608 performance-based shares and 185,700 time-based shares, to certain employees and 24,563 shares of restricted stock to outside directors with a weighted average grant date fair value of $57.00. The stock vests over a five-year period for employees and one year for outside directors, except for the performance-based shares that cliff vest after three years.
NOTE 15. Employee Benefit Plans
We have a profit-sharing plan as of December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, under section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. At our discretion, we partially match qualified contributions made by employees to the plan. We incurred expense of $3.3 million related to this plan in both 2020 and 2019 and $2.6 million in 2018.
In January 2005, we established the Hub Group, Inc. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Plan”) to provide added incentive for the retention of certain key employees. Under the Plan, which was amended in 2008, participants can elect to defer certain compensation. Accounts will grow on a tax-deferred basis to the participant. Restricted investments included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets represent the fair value of the mutual funds and other security investments related to the Plan as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. Both realized and unrealized gains and losses are included in income and expense and offset the change in the deferred compensation liability. We provide a 50% match on the first 6% of employee compensation deferred under the Plan, with a maximum match equivalent to 3% of base salary. In addition, we have a legacy deferred compensation plan. There are no new contributions being made into this legacy plan.
We incurred expense of $0.3 million per year related to the employer match for these plans in 2020, 2019 and 2018. The liabilities related to these plans as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 were $23.4 million and $22.6 million, respectively.
NOTE 16. Legal Matters
Robles
On January 25, 2013, a complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of California (Sacramento Division) by Salvador Robles against our subsidiary HGT. The action was brought on behalf of a class comprised of present and former California-based truck drivers for HGT who, from January 2009 to September 2014 were classified as independent contractors. It alleged that HGT misclassified these drivers as independent contractors and that such drivers were employees. It asserted various violations of the California Labor Code and claimed that HGT engaged in unfair competition practices. The complaint sought, among other things, declaratory and injunctive relief, monetary damages and attorney’s fees. In May 2013, the complaint was amended to add similar claims based on Mr. Robles’ status as an employed company driver. These additional claims were only on behalf of Mr. Robles and not a putative class.
Although the Company believes that the California drivers were properly classified as independent contractors at all times because litigation is expensive, time-consuming and could interrupt our business operations, HGT decided to make settlement offers to individual drivers with respect to the claims alleged in this lawsuit, without admitting liability and the expense for this charge was recorded in 2014. In late 2014, HGT decided to convert its model from independent contractors to employee drivers in California (the “Conversion”). In early 2016, HGT closed its operations in Southern California.
Adame
On August 5, 2015, a suit was filed in state court in San Bernardino County, California on behalf of 63 named Plaintiffs against HGT and five Company employees. The lawsuit alleges claims similar to those being made in the Robles case and seeks monetary penalties under the Private Attorneys General Act. As mentioned above, plaintiffs’ counsel and Hub Group agreed in principle to settle this and the Robles matters.
In September 2019, Plaintiffs’ counsel and Hub agreed in principle to settle all claims under both the Robles and Adame matters for $4.8 million, which has been recorded as Accrued other in the Consolidated Balance Sheet and General and administrative costs in the Consolidated Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income for the year ended 2019. The settlements are subject to final court approval.
We are involved in certain other claims and pending litigation arising from the normal conduct of business, including putative class-action lawsuits in which the plaintiffs are current and former California-based drivers who allege claims for unpaid wages, failure to provide meal and rest periods, failure to reimburse incurred business expenses and other items. Based on management's present knowledge, management does not believe that loss contingencies arising from these pending matters are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company's overall financial position, operating results, or cash flows after taking into account any existing accruals. However, actual outcomes could be material to the Company's financial position, operating results, or cash flows for any particular period.
NOTE 17. Accrued Other
Included in Accrued Other on our Consolidated Balance Sheets are accrued chassis costs of $40.8 million and $23.8 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. There were no other items in excess of 5% of total current liabilities that are not shown separately on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
NOTE 18. Stock Repurchase Plans
On May 23, 2019, our Board of Directors authorized the purchase of up to $100 million of our Class A Common Stock. Under the program, the shares may be repurchased in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, from time to time subject to market and other conditions. We did not purchase any stock under this authorization during the year ended December 31, 2020. We purchased 626,320 shares for $25.0 million under this authorization during the year ended December 31, 2019. The approved share repurchase program does not obligate us to repurchase any dollar amount or number of shares and the program may be extended, modified, suspended, or discontinued at any time.
We purchased 148,242 shares for $8.0 million during 2020, 98,260 shares for $4.0 million during 2019 and 87,381 shares for $4.3 million in 2018 related to employee withholding upon vesting of restricted stock. The table below gives information on a monthly basis regarding the number of shares delivered to us by employees to satisfy the mandatory tax withholding requirement upon vesting of restricted stock during 2020:
Maximum Value of
Total
Total Number of
Shares that May Yet
Number of
Average
Shares Purchased as
Be Purchased Under
Shares
Price Paid
Part of Publicly
the Plan
Purchased
Per Share
Announced Plan
(in 000’s)
1/1/2020 - 1/31/2020
69,146
$
52.49
-
$
75,002
2/1/2020 - 2/28/2020
2,571
$
54.41
-
$
75,002
3/1/2020 - 3/31/2020
-
$
-
-
$
75,002
4/1/2020 - 4/30/2020
2,171
$
46.20
-
$
75,002
5/1/2020 - 5/31/2020
1,318
$
42.80
-
$
75,002
6/1/2020 - 6/30/2020
$
47.01
-
$
75,002
7/1/2020 - 7/31/2020
1,647
$
50.15
-
$
75,002
8/1/2020 - 8/31/2020
$
54.54
-
$
75,002
9/1/2020 - 9/30/2020
$
51.74
-
$
75,002
10/1/2020 - 10/31/2020
$
52.72
-
$
75,002
11/1/2020 - 11/30/2020
1,883
$
50.23
-
$
75,002
12/1/2020 - 12/31/2020
68,433
$
55.58
-
$
75,002
Total
148,242
$
53.70
-
$
75,002
NOTE 19. Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
The following table sets forth selected quarterly financial data each of the quarters in 2020 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Quarter Ended
March 31,
June 30,
September 30,
December 31,
2020 (1)
2020 (2)
Year Ended December 31, 2020:
Revenue
$
838,859
$
779,243
$
924,812
$
952,730
Gross margin
104,594
107,249
108,035
105,559
Operating income
19,759
20,978
33,917
31,172
Income before provision for income taxes
17,485
18,019
31,558
29,038
Net income
13,236
13,154
24,781
22,388
Earnings per share from net income
Basic
$
0.40
$
0.40
$
0.75
$
0.67
Diluted
$
0.40
$
0.39
$
0.74
$
0.67
(1)
We donated refrigerated trailers with a carrying value of approximately $5.4 million during the second quarter of 2020 to be used by emergency responders in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic.
(2)
We donated an additional $0.2 million of refrigerated trailers during the third quarter of 2020.
The following table sets forth the selected quarterly financial data for each of the quarters in 2019 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Quarter Ended
March 31,
June 30,
September 30,
December 31,
Year Ended December 31, 2019:
Revenue
$
932,998
$
921,163
$
913,275
$
900,681
Gross margin
127,289
132,703
135,218
125,860
Operating income
35,589
40,721
37,246
38,864
Income before provision for income taxes
32,866
38,596
35,135
37,273
Net income
23,894
29,217
26,105
27,955
Earnings per share from net income
Basic
$
0.71
$
0.87
$
0.79
$
0.85
Diluted
$
0.71
$
0.87
$
0.78
$
0.84

---

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
Item 9.
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.

---

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Item 9A.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
As of December 31, 2020, an evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)). Based upon this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2020.
No significant changes were made in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
MANAGEMENT’S ANNUAL REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate controls over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020. Based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria), management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2020.
On December 9, 2020, we completed the acquisition of NSD. We are currently integrating processes, employees, technologies and operations. As permitted by the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), we excluded NSD from our assessment of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020. Management will continue to evaluate our internal controls over financial reporting as we complete our integration. As of December 31, 2020, NSD represented 5.6% of total assets and 7.8% of net assets. For the year ended December 31, 2020, NSD represented 0.3% of revenues and 1.2% of net income.
Management believes, however, that a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.
Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, who audited and reported on the consolidated financial statements, included in this report, has issued an attestation report on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Hub Group, Inc.
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited Hub Group, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Hub Group, Inc (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on the COSO criteria.
As indicated in the accompanying Management Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, management’s assessment of and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting did not include the internal controls of NonstopDelivery, LLC (NonstopDelivery), which was acquired on December 9, 2020 and is included in the 2020 consolidated financial statements of the Company and constituted 5.6% and 7.8% of total and net assets, respectively, as of December 31, 2020 and 0.3% and 1.2% of revenues and net income, respectively, for the year then ended. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also did not include an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of NonstopDelivery.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of Hub Group, Inc. as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(b), and our report dated February 26, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Chicago, Illinois
February 26, 2021

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 9B.
OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Item 10.
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
(a) Information Regarding Directors and Executive Officers. The information required by this Item 10 regarding our directors and director nominees is contained under the captions “Who are the nominees this year” and “Are there any family relationships between any of the directors, executive officers or nominees,” in each case under the heading “Proposal 1: Election of Directors” in the 2021 Proxy Statement, which information under such captions is incorporated herein by reference. Information required by this Item 10 regarding our executive officers appears in Part I of this Annual Report under the caption “Information About Our Executive Officers,” which information under such caption is incorporated herein by reference.
(b) Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (“Code”) that applies to all of our employees, officers and Board members. This Code is posted on the “Investors” section of our Internet website at www.hubgroup.com. If we choose to no longer post such Code, we will provide a free copy to any person upon written request to Investor Relations, Hub Group, Inc. 2000 Clearwater Drive Oak Brook, Illinois 60523. We intend to provide any required disclosure of an amendment to or waiver from such Code that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, on our Internet website located at www.hubgroup.com promptly following the amendment or waiver. We may elect to disclose any such amendment or waiver in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC either in addition to or in lieu of the website disclosure. The information contained on or connected to our Internet website is not incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K and should not be considered part of this or any other report that we file with or furnish to the SEC.
(c) Procedures for Shareholders to Recommend Director Nominees. There have been no material changes to the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to the registrant’s Board of Directors.
(d) Audit Committee Information. Information required by this Item 10 regarding our Audit Committee and our audit committee financial experts may be found under the captions “What functions are performed by the Audit, Compensation, and Nominating Committees” and “Does Hub Group have an audit committee financial expert serving on its Audit Committee,” in each case under the heading “Corporate Governance” in the 2021 Proxy Statement, which information pertaining to the audit committee and its membership and audit committee financial experts under such captions is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Item 11.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item 11 regarding director and executive officer compensation, the Compensation Committee Report, the risks arising from our compensation policies and practices for employees, pay ratio disclosure, and compensation committee interlocks and insider participation is contained under the captions “Director Compensation” and “Executive Compensation” appearing in our 2021 Proxy Statement, which information under such captions is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
Item 12.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
(a) Equity Compensation Plan Information. The following table sets forth information about securities authorized for issuance under our compensation plans (including individual compensation arrangements) as of December 31, 2020:
Plan Category
Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights (a)
Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights
Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in
column (a))
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
-
$
-
828,022
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
-
-
-
Total
-
$
-
828,022
(b) Other Information. The information required by this Item 12 regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and our management is contained under the caption “Security Ownership” in the 2021 Proxy Statement, which information under such caption is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Item 13.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this Item 13 regarding certain relationships and related transactions is contained under the caption “Transactions with Management and Others” in the 2021 Proxy Statement, which information under such caption is incorporated herein by reference.
The information required by this Item 13 regarding director independence is contained under the caption “Director Independence” in the 2021 Proxy Statement, which information under such caption is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
Item 14.
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this Item 14 regarding fees we paid to our principal accountant and the pre-approval policies and procedures established by the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors is contained under the caption “Fees Paid to Auditors” in the 2021 Proxy Statement, which information under such caption is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Item 15.
EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) Financial Statements
The following consolidated financial statements of the Registrant are included under Item 8 of this Form 10-K:
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets - December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income - Years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity - Years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(b) Financial Statement Schedules
The following financial statement schedules of Hub Group, Inc. are filed as part of this report and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of Hub Group, Inc.:
Page
II. Valuation and qualifying accounts and reserves
S-1
All other schedules are omitted because they are not required, are not applicable, or the required information is shown in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(c) Exhibits
The exhibits included as part of this Form 10-K are set forth in the Exhibit Index immediately preceding the signature page to this report, which Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.