EDGAR 10-K Filing

Company CIK: 788920
Filing Year: 2024
Filename: 788920_10-K_2024_0001553350-24-000079.json

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Company Overview
Pro-Dex, Inc. (“Company,” “Pro-Dex,” “we,” “our,” “us”) specializes in the design, development, and manufacture of autoclavable, battery-powered and electric, multi-function surgical drivers and shavers used primarily in the orthopedic, thoracic, and craniomaxillofacial (“CMF”) markets. We have patented adaptive torque-limiting technology and proprietary sealing solutions which appeal to our customers, primarily medical device distributors. We also manufacture and sell rotary air motors to a wide range of industries.
Our patented adaptive torque-limiting software has been very well received in the CMF and thoracic markets and we have continued investment in this area with research and development focused on applying this technology to other surgical applications.
In November 2020, we purchased an approximate 25,000 square foot industrial building in Tustin, California (the “Franklin Property”). This building is located approximately four miles from our Irvine, California headquarters and was acquired to provide us additional capacity for our expected continued future growth. We substantially completed the build-out of the property during fiscal 2022 and concluded various verification and validation activities during fiscal 2023. We moved our entire assembly and repairs operations to the new facility in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023 and we are now fully operational in the new facility. We believe the new facility will create additional capacity for our expected continued growth over the next several years.
Our principal headquarters are located at 2361 McGaw Avenue, Irvine, California 92614 and our phone number is 949-769-3200. Our Internet address is www.pro-dex.com. Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, amendments to those reports, and certain other Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings, are available free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. In addition, our Code of Ethics and other corporate governance documents may be found on our website at the Internet address set forth above. Our filings with the SEC may also be read and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at www.sec.gov and company specific information at www.sec.gov/edgar/searchedgar/companysearch.html.
All years relating to financial data herein shall refer to fiscal years ended June 30, unless indicated otherwise.
Description of Business
The majority of our revenue is derived from designing, developing and manufacturing surgical devices for the medical device industry. The proportion of total sales by type is as follows (in thousands, except percentages):
Years Ended June 30,
(In thousands)
% of Revenue
% of Revenue
Medical devices $ 36,979 69 % $ 30,740 66 %
Industrial and scientific 1 % 2 %
NRE & Prototypes 1 % 2,695 6 %
Dental and component - 1 %
Repairs 16,505 31 % 12,617 27 %
Discounts & Other (1,392 ) (2 %) (1,087 ) (2 %)
Total Sales $ 53,844 100 % $ 46,087 100 %
Our medical device products utilize proprietary designs developed by us primarily under exclusive development and supply agreements and are currently machined in our Irvine, California facility, and assembled in our Tustin, California facility, as are our rotary air motors. Our medical device products are sold primarily to original equipment manufacturers and our air motors are sold primarily to a wide range of distributors and end users.
In fiscal 2024, our top three customers accounted for 88% of our sales compared to 92% in fiscal 2023. In fiscal 2024, we had one customer, included in both medical device and repairs revenue above, that accounted for 71% of sales with our next largest customer accounting for 12% of sales. This compares to fiscal 2023, when these same two customers accounted for 67% and 16%, respectively, of our total sales. In many cases, including our largest customers, disclosure of customer names is prohibited by confidentiality agreements with such entities. We have no plans to discontinue the sales relationships with our existing significant customers, nor does management have any knowledge that any existing significant customer intends to terminate its relationship with us.
Our business today is almost entirely driven by sales of our medical devices. Many of our significant customers place purchase orders for specific products that were developed under various development and/or supply agreements. Our customers may request that we design and manufacture a custom surgical device or they may hire us as a contract manufacturer to manufacture a product of their own design. In either case, we have extensive experience with autoclavable, battery-powered and electric, multi-function surgical drivers and shavers. We continue to focus a significant percentage of our time and resources on providing outstanding products and service to our valued principal customers. During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, our largest customer executed an amendment to our existing supply agreement such that we will continue to supply their surgical handpieces to them through calendar 2025 and, during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, they executed a product development agreement and related statement of work for our assistance with the next generation of this handpiece. Additionally, we continue to invest in property and equipment as well as personnel to expand our capacity to achieve higher sales volumes.
To that end, we purchased the Franklin Property in November 2020. This building is located approximately four miles from our Irvine, California headquarters and was acquired to provide us additional capacity for our expected continued future growth. We began operations in the new facility during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023. While we believe that the efforts we completed to bring the facility operational will allow us ample capacity to increase revenues significantly in future years, there can be no assurance that we will increase revenue.
Simultaneously, we are working to build top-line sales through active proposals of new medical device products with new and existing customers. Our patented adaptive torque-limiting software has been very well received in the CMF and thoracic markets.
The majority of the raw materials and components used to manufacture our products are purchased and are available from several sources, including through our own in-house machining capabilities. Portescap, Fischer Connectors, and Tadiran Batteries are examples of key suppliers. We have no exclusive arrangements with any of our suppliers, but in several instances only one supplier is used for certain high-value components. In most of such instances, secondary suppliers have been identified, although it is likely that any transition to a new or different supplier would result in a delay in the supply chain. We consider our relationships with our suppliers and manufacturers to be good, however, since fiscal 2022 and continuing through fiscal 2024, many of our suppliers have increased lead times, experienced delays in shipments and raised prices or temporarily added surcharges. We do not intend to terminate any such relationship at this time, nor does management have knowledge that any supplier or manufacturer intends to terminate its relationship with us.
Our commitment to product design, manufacturing, and quality systems are supported by our compliance with several regulatory agency requirements and standards. We hold a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) Establishment Registration and a State of California Device Manufacturing License (Department of Public Health Food and Drug Branch) with respect to our Irvine and Tustin, California facilities. In addition, both facilities produce products that are certified to ISO 13485:2016, Medical Device Directive 93/42/EEC - Annex II.
At June 30, 2024, we had a backlog of $19.8 million compared with a backlog of $41.6 million at June 30, 2023. Our backlog represents firm purchase orders received and acknowledged from our customers and does not include all revenue expected to be generated from existing customer contracts. Substantially all of our backlog at June 30, 2024, as well as certain purchase orders received subsequent to June 30, 2024, are expected to be delivered during fiscal 2025. We have experienced, and may continue to experience, variability in our new order bookings due to, among other reasons, the launch of new products, the timing of customer orders based on end-user demand, and customer inventory levels. We do not expect a reduction in fiscal 2025 revenue as compared to fiscal 2024 revenue and believe that the decline in backlog at June 30, 2024 compared to June 30, 2023 is related to timing of customer orders, although there can be no assurance that there will not be a decline in future revenue. Additionally, $10.2 million of our backlog at June 30, 2023 related to orders expected to be delivered in fiscal 2025. We do not typically experience seasonal fluctuations in our shipments and revenues.
Segments
We have only one operating segment as our business is currently operated. We have reached this conclusion because the our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) allocates resources, assesses performance, and manages our business as one segment. Additionally, 99% of our business relates to designing, manufacturing, and repairing medical devices. We primarily design, sell, and repair handheld medical devices and accessories. We provide medical devices, NRE and proto-type services, as well as repairs to all our customers and we utilize one machine shop and purchasing team to procure and manufacture all the products that we sell. The CEO utilizes consolidated operating income to analyze our business operations.
Competition
The markets for products in the industries served by our customers are intensely competitive, and we face significant competition from a number of different sources. Several of our competitors have significantly greater name recognition, as well as substantially greater financial, technical, product development, and marketing resources, than us.
We compete in all of our markets with other major medical device companies. As a provider of outsourced services, we also compete with our customers’ own internal development and manufacturing groups. Competitive pressures and other factors, such as new product or new technology introductions by us, our customers’ internal development and manufacturing departments, or our competitors, may result in price or market share erosion that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition. Also, there can be no assurance that our products and services will achieve broad market acceptance or will successfully compete with other products targeting the same customers.
Research and Development
We conduct research and development activities to both maintain and improve our market position. Our research and development efforts involve the design and manufacture of products that perform specific applications for our existing and prospective customers. Our research and development activities are focused on:
· expanding our knowledge base in the medical device industry to solidify our products with current customers and expand our customer base;
· advancing applicable technologies;
· introducing new products; and
· enhancing our existing product lines.
In certain instances, we may share research and development costs with our customers by billing for non-recurring engineering (“NRE”) services often provided for under development portions of certain contracts. Revenue recognized for NRE services represented 1% of our revenue in fiscal 2024 and 6% of our revenue in fiscal 2023.
During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we incurred research and development expenses amounting to $3.2 million and $2.8 million, respectively, which costs exclude labor and related expenses of approximately $224,000 and $724,000 in fiscal 2024 and 2023, respectively, that were reimbursed by our customers through billings for NRE services.
Human Capital Management
Our employees are among our most critical assets. The success and growth of our business depends on our ability to attract, reward, retain and develop talent in all levels of our organization, including, but not limited to, machine operators, assembly technicians, engineers, and management.
In order to attract and retain highly qualified employees, we offer the following:
· Competitive, reasonable, and equitable compensation programs;
· Comprehensive and highly competitive health and welfare benefits to promote our employees’ physical health, as well as a 401(k) plan to support our employees’ financial health;
· An Employee Stock Purchase Plan and equity compensation to provide financial value, align employee’s interests with those of our shareholders, and incentivize retention;
· Flexible paid vacation and sick time, as well as paid volunteer time; and
· Education/tuition reimbursement and referral programs.
Our employee turnover for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was 21% and 16%, respectively. We consider the turnover rate a valuable metric to measure the effectiveness of our programs and to assist in developing new programs.
Employees
At June 30, 2024, we had 148 employees, two of whom were part time, and all of our employees were working at one or both of our facilities in Irvine, California and Tustin, California. At June 30, 2023, we had 146 employees, one of whom was part-time, and all were working at either our Irvine, California facility or our Tustin, California facility, except for one employee who worked remotely out of state. None of our employees are a party to any collective bargaining agreements with us. We consider our relationships with our employees to be good.
Government Regulations
The manufacture and distribution of medical devices are subject to state and federal requirements set forth by various agencies, including the FDA, and state medical boards. The statutes, regulations, administrative orders, and advisories that affect our businesses are complex and subject to diverse, often conflicting, interpretations. While we make every effort to maintain full compliance with all applicable laws and regulations, we are unable to eliminate the ongoing risk that one or more of our activities or devices may at some point be determined to be non-compliant. The penalties for non-compliance could range from an administrative warning to termination of a portion of our business. Furthermore, even if we are subsequently determined to have fully complied with applicable laws or regulations, the costs to achieve such a determination and the intervening loss of business could adversely affect or result in the cessation of a portion of our business. A change in such laws or regulations at any time may have an adverse effect on our operations.
The FDA designates all medical devices into one of three classes (Class I, II, or III) based on the level of control necessary to assure the safety and effectiveness of the device (with Class I requiring the lowest level of control and Class III requiring the greatest level of control). The surgical instrumentation we manufacture is generally classified into Class I. The FDA has broad enforcement powers to recall and prohibit the sale of products that do not comply with federal regulations and to order the cessation of non-compliant processes. No claim has been made to date by the FDA regarding any of our products or processes. Nevertheless, as is common in the industry, certain of our products and processes have been the subject of routine governmental reviews and investigations.
The total cost of providing health care services has been and will continue to be subject to review by governmental agencies and legislative bodies in the major world markets, including the United States, which are faced with significant pressure to lower health care costs. Downward pressure on health care costs could result in reduced pricing or demand for our products.
We believe that our business is conducted in a manner consistent with the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) and other agency regulations governing disposition of industrial waste materials.
While we believe that our products and processes fully comply with applicable laws and regulations, we are unable to predict the outcome of any investigation or review which may be undertaken in the future with respect to our products or processes.
Management believes that each of our facilities has manufacturing systems and processes that are based on established Quality Management System standards. In addition, we believe that both our Irvine, California and Tustin, California facilities are compliant with applicable Good Manufacturing Practices promulgated by the FDA and are compliant with applicable ISO standards set forth by the International Organization for Standardization.
Patents, Trademarks, and Licensing Agreements
We hold US and foreign patents relating to our handheld medical devices and torque-limiting screwdrivers. Our patents have varying expiration dates. The near-term expiration of the patents, if any, is not expected to cause any change in our revenue-generating operations as changing the legal manufacturer of medical devices is a significant undertaking and the expiration of a patent would offer minimal inducement to make such a change.
We have no reason to believe that our activities infringe upon the intellectual property of any third party. With respect to our own patents, we have no reason to believe that our patents are invalid, and we believe that at least some of our patents cover certain aspects of our products. Although we are currently unaware of any reason that would cause us to assert or defend a claim of patent infringement, any such assertion or defense could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations due to the costs involved.
We have certain federally registered trademarks relating to our products, including Pro-Dex®, along with a number of other common law trademarks.
We have not entered into any franchising agreements. We have not granted, nor do we hold any, third-party licenses having terms under which we earn revenue or incur expense in material amounts.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the following risk factors, as well as the other information contained in this report, before deciding whether to invest in shares of our common stock. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, operating results, and prospects would suffer. In that case, the trading price of our common stock would likely decline and you might lose all or part of your investment in our common stock. The risks described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks that we currently do not know about or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also impair our operations and business results.
Risks Related to Our Business and the Industry in Which We Operate
A substantial portion of our revenue is derived from a few customers. If we were to lose a key customer, it would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
In fiscal 2024, our top three customers accounted for 88% of our sales, with our current largest customer accounting for 71% of our sales. This customer has made purchase commitments to us through a supply agreement to purchase surgical handpieces through calendar 2025, but there can be no assurance that this customer will extend purchase commitments to us beyond that date. The loss of, or a material reduction in purchases from, this customer or any of our significant customers would severely impact us, including having a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows, revenue, and results of operations.
A substantial portion of our business is derived from our core business area that, if not serviced properly, may result in a material adverse impact upon our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
In fiscal 2024, we derived 99% of our revenue from sales of our medical device products and related services. We believe that a primary factor in the market acceptance of our products and services is the value they create for our customers. Our future financial performance will depend in large part on our ability to continue to meet the increasingly sophisticated needs of our customers through the timely development, and successful introduction and implementation, of new and enhanced products and services, while at the same time continuing to provide the value our customers have come to expect from us. We have historically expended a significant percentage of our revenue on product development and believe that significant continued product development efforts will be required to sustain our growth. Continued investment in our sales and marketing efforts will also be required to support future growth.
There can be no assurance that we will be successful in our product development efforts, that the market will continue to accept our existing products, or that new products or product enhancements will be developed and implemented in a timely manner, meet the requirements of our customers, or achieve market acceptance. If the market does not continue to accept our existing products, or our new products or product enhancements do not achieve market acceptance, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Our customers may cancel or reduce their orders, change production quantities, or delay production, any of which would reduce our sales and adversely affect our results of operations.
Since most of our customers purchase our products from us on a purchase order basis, they may cancel, change, or delay product purchase commitments with little notice to us. As a result, we are not always able to forecast with certainty the sales that we will make in a given period and sometimes we may increase our inventory, working capital, and overhead in expectation of orders that may never be placed, or, if placed, may be delayed, reduced, or canceled.
The following factors, among others, affect our ability to forecast accurately our sales and production capacity:
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Changes in the specific products or quantities our customers order; and
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Long lead times and advance financial commitments for components required to complete actual/anticipated customer orders.
In addition to reducing our sales, delayed, reduced, or canceled purchase orders also may result in our inability to recover costs that we incur in anticipation of those orders, such as costs associated with purchased raw materials and write-offs of obsolete inventory.
In recent years, we have launched several new medical device products and our estimates of warranty claims are based largely on our previous history from similar legacy products. If actual warranty claims exceed our estimates, it could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
In recent years, we have completed significant medical device development projects in the CMF and thoracic surgical segments for which we have made estimates of product warranty claims based upon similar, legacy products. If the actual repair volumes or repair costs exceed the estimates that we have been using, we may incur additional costs which could be materially adverse to our results of operations and financial condition.
We face significant competition from a number of different sources, which could negatively impact our results of operations.
The markets for products in the industries served by our customers are intensely competitive, and we face significant competition from a number of different sources. Several of our competitors have significantly greater name recognition, as well as substantially greater financial, technical, product development and marketing resources, than us.
We compete in all of our markets with other major surgical device and related companies. As a provider of outsourced products and services, we also compete with our customers’ own internal development groups. Competitive pressures and other factors, such as new product or new technology introductions by us, our customers’ internal development and manufacturing departments, or our competitors, may result in price or market share erosion that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Also, there can be no assurance that our products and services will achieve broad market acceptance or will successfully compete with other products.
The industry in which we operate is subject to significant technological change and any failure or delay in addressing such change could adversely affect our competitive position or could make our current products obsolete.
The medical device market is generally characterized by rapid technological change, changing customer needs, frequent new product introductions and evolving industry standards. The introduction of products incorporating new technologies and the emergence of new industry standards could render our existing products obsolete and unmarketable. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in developing and marketing new products that respond to technological changes or evolving industry standards.
New product development requires significant research and development expenditures that we have historically funded through operations; however, we may be unable to do so in the future. Any significant decrease in revenues or research funding could impair our ability to respond to technological advances in the marketplace and to remain competitive. If we are unable, for technological or other reasons, to develop and introduce new products in a timely manner in response to changing market conditions or customer requirements, our business, results of operations, and financial condition may be materially adversely affected. Although we continue to target new markets for access, develop new products, and update existing products, there can be no assurance that we will do so successfully or that, even if we are successful, such efforts will be completed concurrently with or prior to the introduction of competing products. Any such failure or delay could adversely affect our competitive position or could make our current products obsolete.
We rely heavily on our proprietary technology, which, if not properly protected or if deemed invalid, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We are dependent on the maintenance and protection of our proprietary technology and rely on patent filings, exclusive development and supply agreements, confidentiality procedures and employee nondisclosure agreements to protect it. There can be no assurance that the legal protections and precautions taken by us will be adequate to prevent misappropriation of our technology or that competitors will not independently develop technologies equivalent or superior to ours. Further, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect our proprietary rights to as great an extent as do the laws of the United States and are often not enforced as vigorously as those in the United States.
We do not believe that our operations or products infringe on the intellectual property rights of others. However, there can be no assurance that others will not assert infringement or trade secret claims against us with respect to our current or future products. Assertions or claims by others, whether or not valid, could cause us to incur significant legal costs defending our intellectual property rights and potentially require us to enter into a license agreement or royalty arrangement with the party asserting the claim or to cease our use of the infringing technology, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If our technology infrastructure is compromised, damaged or interrupted by a cybersecurity incident, data security breach or other security problems, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
We use technology in substantially all aspects of our business operations, and our ability to serve customers most effectively depends on the reliability of our technology systems. We use software and other technology systems, among other things, to generate sales orders, job orders, and purchase orders and to monitor and manage our business on a day-to-day basis. Cybersecurity incidents can include computer viruses, computer denial-of-service attacks, worms, and other malicious software programs or other attacks, covert introduction of malware to computers and networks, impersonation of authorized users, and efforts to discover and exploit any design flaws, bugs, security vulnerabilities or security weaknesses, as well as intentional or unintentional acts by employees or other insiders with access privileges, intentional acts of vandalism by third parties and sabotage.
In addition, our technology infrastructure and systems are vulnerable to damage or interruption from natural disasters, power loss and telecommunications failures. Any such disruption to our systems, or the technology systems of third parties on which we rely, the failure of these systems to otherwise perform as anticipated, or the theft, destruction, loss, misappropriation, or release of sensitive and/or confidential information or intellectual property, could result in business disruption, negative publicity, loss of customers, potential liability, including litigation or other legal actions against us or the imposition of penalties, fines, fees or liabilities, which may not be covered by our insurance policies, and competitive disadvantage, any or all of which would potentially adversely affect our customer service, decrease the volume of our business and result in increased costs and lower profits. Moreover, a cybersecurity breach could require us to devote significant management resources to address the problems associated with the breach and to expend significant additional resources to upgrade further the security measures we employ to protect information against cyber-attacks and other wrongful attempts to access such information, which could result in a disruption of our operations.
While we have invested, and continue to invest, in technology security initiatives and other measures to prevent security breaches and cyber incidents, as well as disaster recovery plans, these initiatives and measures may not be entirely effective to insulate us from technology disruption that could result in adverse effects on our results of operations and financial condition.
To service our debt obligations, we will require a significant amount of cash. However, our ability to generate cash depends on many factors beyond our control.
Our ability to make payments on, and to refinance, our debt obligations and to fund capital expenditures, will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future, which, in turn, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, regulatory and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.
Our business may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations, and we may not have available to us future borrowings in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our debt obligations or to fund our other liquidity needs. In these circumstances, we may need to refinance all or a portion of our debt obligations on or before maturity. We may not be able to refinance any of our debt obligations, on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. Without this financing, we could be forced to sell assets or secure additional financing to make up for any shortfall in our payment obligations under unfavorable circumstances. However, we may not be able to secure additional financing on terms favorable to us or at all and, in addition, the agreements governing our debt obligations limit our ability to sell assets. In addition, we may not be able to sell assets quickly enough or for sufficient amounts to enable us to meet our obligations.
Our cash and cash equivalents may be exposed to banking institution risk.
We hold our cash balances with a single financial institution which institution is subject to risks, which may include failure or other circumstances that limit our access to deposits or other banking services. For example, in March 2023, Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) was unable to continue their operations and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) was appointed as receiver for SVB. However, if similar failures in financial institutions occur where we hold deposits, we could experience additional risk. Any such loss or limitation on our cash and cash equivalents would adversely affect our business.
In addition, in such circumstances we might not be able to receive timely payment from customers. We and they may maintain cash balances that are not insured or are in excess of the FDIC’s insurance limit. Any delay in ours or our customers’ ability to access funds could have a material adverse effect on our operations. If any parties with which we conduct business are unable to access funds pursuant to such instruments or lending arrangements with such a financial institution, such parties’ ability to continue to fund their business and perform their obligations to us could be adversely affected, which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We periodically invest surplus cash in marketable securities and other investments in order to realize a positive return, although there can be no assurance that a positive return will be realized, and we could lose some or all of our investments, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operation.
We invest a significant portion of our excess capital in marketable securities, including equity securities of publicly traded companies. At June 30, 2024, the fair value of our investments was approximately $5.8 million. Of that amount $3.2 million relates to an investment in Monogram Technologies, Inc., formerly Monogram Orthopaedics Inc. (“Monogram”), described more fully in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this report. While we intend to hold our investments, including our investment in Monogram, until such time as we believe it is appropriate to sell them in accordance with our overall investment policy, we may have unexpected cash requirements that could necessitate the sale of some or all of these investments for a loss. Additionally, these investments are subject to changes in their valuation, and are recorded at their estimated fair value at each measurement date, with unrealized gains and losses presented in other income (expense) in our consolidated income statements, which can result in material upward or downward non-cash adjustments to our income from quarter-to-quarter.
Our operations are dependent upon our key personnel. If such personnel were to leave unexpectedly, we may not be able to execute our business plan.
Our future performance depends in significant part upon the continued service of our key technical and senior management personnel. Because we have a relatively small number of employees when compared to other companies in the same industry, our dependence on maintaining our relationship with key employees is particularly significant. We are also dependent on our ability to attract and retain high quality personnel, particularly in the areas of product development, operations management, marketing and finance.
A high level of employee mobility and the aggressive recruiting of skilled personnel characterize the medical device industry. There can be no assurance that our current employees will continue to work for us. Loss of services of key employees could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition. Furthermore, we may need to provide enhanced forms of incentive compensation to attract and retain such key personnel, which could potentially dilute the holdings of other shareholders.
We may not be able to successfully integrate our business acquisitions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We have acquired, and may acquire in the future, businesses, products, and technologies that complement or expand our current operations. Acquisitions could require significant capital investments and require us to integrate with companies that have different cultures, management teams, and business infrastructure. Depending on the size and complexity of an acquisition, our successful integration of the acquisition could depend on several factors, including:
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Difficulties in assimilating and integrating the operations, products, and workforce of an acquired business;
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The retention of key employees;
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Management of facilities and employees in separate geographic areas;
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The integration or coordination of different research and development and product manufacturing facilities;
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Successfully converting information and accounting systems; and
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Diversion of resources and management attention from our other operations.
If market conditions or other factors require us to change our strategic direction, we may fail to realize the expected value from one or more of our acquisitions. Our failure to successfully integrate any future acquisitions or realize the expected value from past or future acquisitions could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We have experienced losses in the past, and we cannot be certain that we will sustain our current profitability; we may need additional capital in the future to fund our businesses, which we may not be able to obtain on acceptable terms.
We have experienced operating losses in the past. Our ability to achieve or sustain profitability is based on a number of factors, many of which are out of our control, including the material costs for our products and the demand for our products.
We currently anticipate that our available capital resources, including our existing cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable balances, will be sufficient to meet our expected working capital and capital expenditure requirements as our business is currently conducted for at least the next 12 months. However, if our available capital resources become insufficient, we may attempt to raise additional funds through public or private debt or equity financings, if such financings become available on acceptable terms. We cannot be certain that any additional financing we may need will be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all. If adequate funds are not available or are not available on acceptable terms, we may not be able to take advantage of opportunities, develop new products, or otherwise respond to competitive pressures, and our operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected.
Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock
Two of our directors hold voting power with respect to a substantial portion of our outstanding common stock that enables them to have significant influence over the outcome of all matters submitted to our shareholders for approval, which influence may conflict with our interests and the interests of other shareholders.
As of August 20, 2024, two of our directors, Nicholas J. Swenson and Raymond E. Cabillot, directly or indirectly, controlled voting power over approximately 42% (31% and 11%, respectively) of the outstanding shares of our common stock. As a result of such voting control, these directors will have significant influence over all matters submitted to our shareholders for approval, including the election of our directors and other corporate actions, and may have interests that conflict with our interests and the interests of other shareholders.
Our quarterly results can fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter, which may negatively impact the price of our shares and/or cause significant variances in the prices at which our shares trade.
Our sales have fluctuated in the past, and may fluctuate in the future from quarter to quarter and period to period, as a result of a number of factors, including, without limitation: the size and timing of orders from customers; the length of new product development cycles; market acceptance of new technologies; changes in pricing policies or price reductions by us or our competitors; the timing of new product announcements and product introductions by us or our competitors; the financial stability of major customers; our success in expanding our sales and marketing programs; acceleration, deferral, or cancellation of customer orders and deliveries; changes in our strategy; revenue recognition policies in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”); personnel changes; and general market and economic factors.
Because a significant percentage of our expenses are fixed, a variation in the timing of sales can cause significant fluctuations in operating results from quarter to quarter. As a result, we believe that interim period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied upon as indications of future performance. Further, our historical operating results are not necessarily indicative of future performance for any particular period.
In addition, it is possible that our operating results in future quarters may be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors. In such an event, the price of our common stock could be materially adversely affected.
Regulatory & Compliance Risks
Our operations are subject to a number of complex government regulations, the violation of which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
The manufacture and distribution of medical devices are subject to state and federal requirements set forth by various government agencies including the FDA and EPA. The statutes, regulations, administrative orders, and advisories that affect our businesses are complex and subject to diverse, often conflicting, interpretations. While we make every effort to maintain full compliance with all applicable laws and regulations, we are unable to eliminate the ongoing risk that one or more of our activities may at some point be determined to be non-compliant. The penalties for non-compliance could range from an administrative warning to termination of a portion of our business. Furthermore, even if we are subsequently determined to have fully complied with applicable laws or regulations, the costs to achieve such a determination and the intervening loss of business could adversely affect or result in the cessation of a portion of our business. A change in such laws or regulations at any time may have an adverse effect on our operations.
The FDA designates all medical devices into one of three classes (Class I, II, or III) based on the level of control necessary to assure the safety and effectiveness of the device (with Class I requiring the lowest level of control and Class III requiring the greatest level of control). The surgical instrumentation we manufacture is generally classified into Class I. The FDA has broad enforcement powers to recall and prohibit the sale of products that do not comply with federal regulations and to order the cessation of non-compliant processes. No claim has been made to date by the FDA regarding any of our products or processes. Nevertheless, as is common in the industry, certain of our products and processes are from time to time subject to routine governmental reviews and investigations. We are also subject to EPA regulations concerning the disposal of industrial waste.
While management believes that our products and processes fully comply with applicable laws and regulations, we are unable to predict the outcome of any such future review or investigation.
We face risks and uncertainties associated with potential litigation by or against us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We continually face the possibility of litigation as either a plaintiff or a defendant. It is not reasonably possible to estimate the awards or damages, or the range of awards or damages, if any, that we might incur in connection with such litigation.
Many of our products are complex and technologically advanced. Such products may, from time to time, be the subject of claims concerning product performance and construction, including warranty and patent infringement claims. While we are committed to investigating such concerns and correcting them, there is no assurance that solutions will be found on a timely basis, if at all, to satisfy customer demands or to avoid potential claims or litigation. Also, due to the location of our facilities, as well as the nature of our business activities, there is a risk that we could be subject to litigation related to environmental remediation claims. We maintain insurance to protect against claims associated with the manufacture and use of our products as well as environmental pollution, but there can be no assurance that our insurance coverage will adequately cover any claim asserted against us.
The uncertainty associated with potential litigation may have an adverse impact on our business. In particular, litigation could impair our relationships with existing customers and our ability to obtain new customers. Defending or prosecuting litigation could result in significant legal costs and a diversion of management’s time and attention away from business operations, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. There can be no assurance that litigation would not result in liability in excess of our insurance coverage, that our insurance will cover such claims, or that appropriate insurance will continue to be available to us in the future at commercially reasonable rates.
The agreements governing our various debt obligations impose restrictions on our business and could adversely affect our ability to undertake certain corporate actions.
The agreements governing our debt obligations include covenants imposing significant restrictions on our business. These restrictions may affect our ability to operate our business and may limit our ability to take advantage of potential business opportunities as they arise. These covenants place restrictions on our ability to, among other things:
• incur additional debt;
• declare or pay dividends to shareholders;
• create liens or use assets as security in other transactions;
• be acquired by a third party;
• pursue strategic acquisitions;
• engage in transactions with affiliates; and
• sell or transfer assets.
The agreements governing our debt obligations also require us to comply with a number of financial ratios, borrowing base requirements and additional covenants.
Our ability to comply with these covenants may be affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic, financial, and industry conditions. These covenants could adversely affect our business by limiting our ability to take advantage of financing, merger and acquisition, or other corporate opportunities. The breach of any of these covenants or restrictions could result in a default under our debt obligations. If we were unable to repay our debt or are otherwise in default under any provision governing our secured debt obligations, our lender could proceed against us and against the collateral (consisting of substantially all of our assets) securing that debt.
We are subject to changes in and interpretations of financial accounting matters that govern the measurement of our performance, compliance with which could be costly and time-consuming.
We are subject to changes in and interpretations of financial accounting standards that govern the measurement of our performance. Based on our reading and interpretations of relevant pronouncements, guidance, or concepts issued by, among other authorities, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the SEC, and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, management believes our performance, including current sales contract terms and business arrangements, has been properly reported. However, there continue to be issued pronouncements, interpretations, and guidance for applying the relevant standards to a wide range of contract terms and business arrangements that are prevalent in the industries in which we operate. Future interpretations or changes by the regulators of existing accounting standards or changes in our business practices may result in future changes in our accounting policies and practices that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows, revenue, and results of operations.
We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. Failure to achieve and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and stock price.
We identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023. The material weaknesses as of June 30, 2024, related to our inventory accounting and the valuation of one of our Level 2 investments. The material weakness as of June 30, 2023, related to the valuation of our Level 3 investment. As a result of these material weaknesses, as of June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective based on the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013), issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
In fiscal 2024, we implemented a remediation plan designed to address our June 30, 2023 material weakness, which was both time consuming and costly. We are actively engaged in implementing a remediation plan designed to address the June 30, 2024 material weaknesses. However, as with the June 30, 2023 material weakness, our remediation efforts could be both time consuming and costly. In addition, if our remedial measures are insufficient to address the material weaknesses, or if additional material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control are discovered or occur in the future, our consolidated financial statements may contain material misstatements and we could be required to restate our financial results.
Even if the June 30, 2024 material weaknesses are quickly remedied, or if we or our auditors discover one or more additional material weaknesses in our internal controls, the market’s confidence in our financial statements could decline and our stock price may be harmed. In addition, our failure to maintain effective controls over financial reporting could subject us to sanctions or investigations by The Nasdaq Stock Market, the SEC, or other regulatory authorities.
Our evaluation of internal controls and remediation of potential problems is costly and time-consuming and could expose weaknesses in financial reporting.
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, requires management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. This process is expensive and time consuming and requires significant attention of management. Management can give no assurance that material weaknesses in internal controls will not be discovered (see above, “We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. Failure to achieve and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and stock price.”). We cannot be certain that a future material weakness will not occur and that it will not be time consuming and costly to remediate and could further divert the attention of management. The disclosure of a material weakness, even if quickly remedied, could reduce the market’s confidence in our financial statements and harm our stock price, especially if a restatement of financial statements for past periods is required.
General Risks
The global economic environment may impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Changes in the global economic environment have caused, and may cause in the future, a general tightening in the credit markets, lower levels of liquidity, increases in rates of default and bankruptcy, high rates of inflation, higher interest rates, and extreme volatility in credit, equity and fixed income markets. These macroeconomic developments could negatively affect our business, operating results or financial condition should they cause, for example, current or potential customers to become unable to fund purchases of our products, in turn resulting in delays, decreases or cancellations of purchases of our products and services, or causing the customer to not pay us or to delay paying us for previously purchased products and services. In addition, financial institution failures may cause us to incur increased expenses or make it more difficult either to obtain financing for our operations, investing activities (including the financing of any future acquisitions), or financing activities. Additional economic risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our executive offices and manufacturing facility are located at 2361 McGaw Avenue, Irvine, California 92614. We lease the 28,000 square foot facility from an unrelated third party at a current base monthly lease rate of approximately $44,000 with 3% annual escalations through the expiration of the lease in September 2027. The building is a one-story, stand-alone structure of concrete “tilt-up” construction, approximately 45 years old and in good condition.
Our Franklin Property, located at 14401 Franklin Avenue, Tustin, California 92780, is used primarily for our assembly and repairs operations. We purchased this 25,000 square foot facility in November 2020 from an unrelated third party, with the majority of the purchase price financed by a property loan (See Notes 4 and 7 of to the consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this report). The building is a one-story, stand-alone structure of concrete “tilt-up” construction, approximately 45 years old and in good condition.
We believe that our facilities are adequate for our current and expected future needs and are in full compliance with applicable state, EPA and other agency environmental standards.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
See Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this report.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
PART II

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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
Our common stock is quoted under the symbol “PDEX” on the Nasdaq Capital Market (“NASDAQ”). The following table sets forth for the quarters indicated the high and low sales prices of our common stock as reported by NASDAQ. The quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail markup, markdown, or commissions, and may not necessarily represent actual transactions. On September 3, 2024, the last sale price of our common stock as reported by NASDAQ was $22.33 per share.
High Low
Year ended June 30, 2024:
First Quarter	 $ 18.94 $ 15.52
Second Quarter	 18.63 14.63
Third Quarter	 22.50 16.50
Fourth Quarter	 19.95 17.55
Year ended June 30, 2023:
First Quarter	 $ 20.25 $ 14.94
Second Quarter	 19.93 15.80
Third Quarter	 17.71 15.29
Fourth Quarter	 19.24 15.50
Holders
As of September 3, 2024, there were 122 holders of record of our common stock. This number does not include beneficial owners including holders whose shares are held in nominee, or “street,” name.
Dividends
We have never paid a cash dividend with respect to our common stock. The current policy of our Board of Directors is to retain any future earnings to provide funds for the operation and expansion of our business or for repurchases of our common stock pursuant to our repurchase plans. Any determinations to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors. In addition, our current credit facilities contain covenants that prohibit us from paying dividends.
Repurchases
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024 and 2023, we repurchased 88,011 and 0 shares of our common stock, respectively, at an aggregate cost of $1.7 million and $0, respectively, through Board approved prearranged share repurchase plans intended to qualify for the safe harbor under Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).
Period Total Number of Shares Purchased(1) Average Price Paid per Share(1) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs(1) Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1)
April 1, 2024 to
April 30, 2024 32,334 $ 18.47 32,334 499,707
May 1, 2024 to
May 31, 2024 38,162 $ 19.17 38,162 461,545
June 1, 2024 to
June 30, 2024 17,515 $ 19.79 17,515 444,030
Total 88,011 $ 19.04 88,011
(1) In December 2019, we announced that our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to one million shares of our outstanding common stock. The extent to which we repurchase our shares, and the timing of such repurchases is at our discretion and will depend upon a variety of factors, including working capital requirements, market conditions, legal requirements, business condition, and other factors. Our repurchase program has no stated expiration and may be discontinued at any time

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
ITEM 6. RESERVED

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this report, as well as the Risk Factors included in Item 1A of this report. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements. (See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” included in Part I of this report.)
Overview
The following discussion and analysis provides information that management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our results of operations and financial condition for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.
We specialize in the design, development, and manufacture of autoclavable, battery-powered and electric, multi-function surgical drivers and shavers used primarily in the orthopedic, thoracic, and CMF markets. Additionally, we provide engineering, quality, and regulatory consulting services to our customers. We also sell rotary air motors. Our products are found in hospitals, medical engineering labs, scientific research facilities, and high-tech manufacturing operations around the world. We are headquartered in Irvine, California.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of our financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and related disclosures. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Revenue Recognition
Under Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, (Topic 606) “Revenue From Contracts with Customers,” we recognize revenue from the sales of products and services by applying the following steps: (1) identify the contract with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied. We primarily sell finished products and recognize revenue at point of sale or delivery. However, we also perform services when we are engaged to design a product for a customer and there is more judgment involved in determining the amount and timing of revenue recognition under those types of contracts. In fiscal 2024, the revenue from NRE and prototype services represents approximately 1% of total revenue.
Returns of our product for credit are not material; accordingly, we do not establish a reserve for product returns at the time of sale.
Estimated Losses on Product Development Services
Cost and revenue estimates related to the product development service portions of development and supply contracts are reviewed and updated quarterly. An expected loss on development service contracts is recognized immediately in cost of sales. Losses recorded in fiscal 2024 and 2023 related to these services totaled $118,000 and $108,000, respectively.
Due to the complexity of many of the contracts we have undertaken, the cost estimation process requires significant judgment. It is based upon the knowledge and experience of our project managers, engineers, and finance professionals. Factors that are considered in estimating the cost of work to be completed and ultimate profitability of the fixed price product development portion of development and supply contracts include the nature and complexity of the work to be performed, availability and productivity of labor, the effect of change orders, the availability of materials, performance of subcontractors, and expected costs for specific regulatory approvals.
Warranties
Most of our products are sold with a warranty that provides for repairs or replacement of any defective parts for a period, generally one to two years, after the sale. At the time of the sale, we accrue an estimate of the cost of providing the warranty based on prior experience with such factors as return rates and repair costs, which factors are reviewed quarterly.
Warranty expenses, including changes of estimates, are included in cost of sales in our statements of operations.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. Reductions to estimated net realizable value are recorded, and charged to cost of sales, when indicated based on a formula that compares on-hand quantities to both historical usage and estimated demand from the measurement date.
Accounts Receivable
Trade receivables are stated at their original invoice amounts, less an allowance for credit losses. Management determines the allowance for credit losses based on facts and circumstances related to specific accounts, and on historical experience related to the age of accounts. Trade receivables are written off when deemed uncollectible. Recoveries of trade receivables previously reserved are offset against the allowance when received.
Deferred Costs
Deferred costs reflect costs incurred related to NRE services under the terms of the related development and supply contracts. These costs get recorded to cost of sales in the period that the revenue is recognized.
Investments
Investments consist of marketable equity securities of publicly held companies and, as of June 30, 2023, a warrant (the “Monogram Warrant”) to purchase common stock of a publicly held company (which we exercised in the second quarter of fiscal 2024). The investments were made to realize a reasonable return, although there is no assurance that positive returns will be realized. Investments are marked to market at each measurement date, with unrealized gains and losses presented in other income (expense) in our consolidated income statements. Some of our investments include the common stock of public companies that are thinly traded. Certain of these investments are classified as long-term in nature, as we may not be able to liquidate the investments in a timely manner even if we wish to sell them. All of our investments were subject to a valuation analysis as of June 30, 2024 and 2023.
Long-lived Assets
We review the recoverability of long-lived assets, consisting of building, equipment, and improvements, when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate carrying values may not be recoverable.
Building, equipment, and improvements are recorded at historical cost and depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the following periods:
Building Thirty years
Equipment Three to ten years
Improvements Shorter of the remaining life of the underlying building, lease term, or the asset’s estimated useful life
Intangibles
Other intangibles consist of legal fees incurred in connection with patent applications. The legal fees will be amortized over the estimated life of the product(s) that will be utilizing the technology or expensed immediately in the event the patent office denies the issuance of the patent. The expense associated with the amortization of the patent costs is recognized in research and development costs.
Income Taxes
We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities, along with net operating loss and tax credit carryovers. Deferred tax assets and liabilities at June 30, 2024 and 2023 consisted primarily of basis differences related to unrealized gain/loss related to investments, stock-based compensation, fixed assets, accrued expenses and inventories. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.
Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes and the recoverability of our deferred tax assets. Such determination is based on our historical taxable income, with consideration given to our estimates of future taxable income and the periods over which deferred tax assets will be recoverable. In evaluating our ability to recover our deferred tax assets, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and results of recent operations. The assumptions about future taxable income require significant judgment and are consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying business. In evaluating the objective evidence that historical results provide, we consider three years of cumulative operating income (loss).
Results of Operations for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2024 Compared to the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2023
The following tables set forth results from operations for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:
Years Ended June 30,
Dollars in thousands
% of Net Sales
% of Net Sales
Net sales	 $ 53,844 100 % $ 46,087 100 %
Cost of sales	 39,293 73 % 33,338 72 %
Gross profit	 14,551 27 % 12,749 28 %
Selling expenses	 - -
General and administrative expenses	 4,072 8 % 4,028 9 %
Research and development costs	 3,189 6 % 2,804 6 %
Total operating expenses	 7,378 14 % 6,987 15 %
Operating income	 7,173 13 % 5,762 13 %
Other income (expense), net	 (4,539 ) (8 %) 3,666 7 %
Income before income taxes	 2,634 5 % 9,428 20 %
Income tax expense	 1 % 2,354 5 %
Net income	 $ 2,127 4 % $ 7,074 15 %
Net Sales
The majority of our revenue is derived from designing, developing, manufacturing and\ repairing powered surgical instruments for medical device original equipment manufacturers. We also manufacture and sell rotary air motors to a wide range of industries. The proportion of total sales by product/service type is as follows:
Years Ended June 30, Increase
(Decrease) From 2023
To 2024
Dollars in thousands
% of Net Sales
% of Net Sales
Net sales:
Medical devices	 $ 36,979 69 % $ 30,740 66 % 20 %
Industrial and scientific	 1 % 2 % (12 %)
NRE & Prototype services	 1 % 2,695 6 % (71 %)
Dental and component	 - 1 % (22 %)
Repairs	 16,505 31 % 12,617 27 % 31 %
Discounts & Other	 (1,392 ) (2 %) (1,087 ) (2 %) 28 %
$ 53,844 100 % $ 46,087 100 % 17 %
Net sales in fiscal 2024 increased by $7.8 million, or 17%, as compared to fiscal 2023, due primarily to an increase in repair revenue of $3.9 million and an increase in medical device revenue of $6.2 million offset by a decrease in NRE and prototype services of $1.9 million. Details of our medical device sales by type is as follows:
Years Ended June 30, Increase
(Decrease) From 2023
To 2024
Dollars in thousands
% of
Total
% of
Total
Medical device sales:
Orthopedic 23,630 64 % 19,688 64 % 20 %
CMF	 10,334 28 % 8,497 28 % 22 %
Thoracic 3,015 8 % 2,555 8 % 18 %
Total	 36,979 100 % 30,740 100 % 20 %
Sales of our medical device products increased $6.2 million, or 20%, during fiscal 2024 as compared to fiscal 2023. During fiscal 2024, thoracic sales increased by $460,000 to $3.0 million, up from $2.6 million in fiscal 2023, due to a product launch for a second distributor in the first quarter of fiscal 2024. Recurring revenue from distributors of CMF drivers increased $1.8 million in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023. We do not have much visibility into our customers’ distribution networks, but we surmise the increase relates to a replenishment of customer inventory. Our orthopedic sales increased $3.9 million in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023, due to continued demand from our largest customer.
Sales of our industrial and scientific products, which consist primarily of our compact pneumatic air motors, decreased $100,000, or 12%, for fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023. The revenue decrease is expected as these are legacy products with no substantive marketing or sales efforts.
Sales of our NRE & prototype services decreased $1.9 million or 71% compared to fiscal 2023 and relates to a reduction in the number of billable engagements during fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023.
Sales of our dental products and components in fiscal 2024 decreased $56,000, or 22%, as compared to fiscal 2023. The decrease is as expected and we expect future declines in this area as we are no longer manufacturing dental products, but rather are simply selling remaining component inventory.
Our fiscal 2024 repair revenue increased approximately $3.9 million, or 31%, to $16.5 million, as compared to fiscal 2023, due to increased repairs of the orthopedic handpiece we sell to our largest customer. We expected repair revenue to increase based upon the customer’s requested refurbishments to upgrade previously purchased handpieces to the next generation, which we collectively term “enhanced repairs”. We are rapidly refurbishing these handpieces and we believe that our largest customer will request enhanced repairs for a similar volume or number of handpieces in fiscal 2025; however, there are no assurances as to the number of enhanced repairs that will ultimately be requested from this client in fiscal 2025 or thereafter.
At June 30, 2024, we had a backlog of $19.8 million compared with a backlog of $41.6 million at June 30, 2023. Our backlog represents firm purchase orders received and acknowledged from our customers and does not include all revenue expected to be generated from existing customer contracts. Substantially all of our backlog at June 30, 2024, as well as certain purchase orders received subsequent to June 30, 2024, are expected to be delivered during fiscal 2025. We have experienced, and may continue to experience, variability in our new order bookings due to, among other reasons, the launch of new products, the timing of customer orders based on end-user demand, and customer inventory levels. We do not expect a reduction in fiscal 2025 revenue as compared to fiscal 2024 revenue and believe that the decline in backlog at June 30, 2024 compared to June 30, 2023 is related to timing of customer orders, although there can be no assurance that there will not be a decline in future revenue. Additionally, $10.2 million of our backlog at June 30, 2023 related to orders expected to be delivered in fiscal 2025. We do not typically experience seasonal fluctuations in our shipments and revenues.
Cost of Sales and Gross Margin
Years Ended June 30, Increase (Decrease) From 2023
To 2024
Dollars in thousands
Cost of sales:
% of Net Sales
% of Net Sales
Product costs	 $ 38,121 71 % $ 29,600 64 % 29 %
NRE and Prototype services costs	 1 % 1,724 4 % (54 %)
Under (over)-absorption of manufacturing overhead	 (74 ) - 1,724 4 % (104 %)
Inventory and warranty charges	 1 % - 53 %
Total cost of sales	 $ 39,293 73 % $ 33,338 72 % 18 %
Cost of sales in fiscal 2024 increased $6.0 million, or 18%, from fiscal 2023, primarily due to the increase in product costs, consistent with the 17% increase in net sales. During fiscal 2024, we experienced $74,000 of over-absorption of manufacturing costs compared to $1.7 million of under-absorption in fiscal 2023, due primarily to an increase in our standard labor and overhead rate recorded in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024. Costs related to inventory and warranty charges increased $154,000 in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023, primarily due to increased inventory reserves.
Operating Expenses
Years Ended June 30, Increase (Decrease) From 2023
To 2024
Dollars in thousands
% of Net Sales
% of Net Sales
Operating expenses:
Selling expenses	 $ 117 - $ 155 - (25 %)
General and administrative expenses	 4,072 8 % 4,028 9 % 1 %
Research and development costs	 3,189 6 % 2,804 6 % 14 %
$ 7,378 14 % $ 6,987 15 % 6 %
Selling expenses consist of salaries and other personnel-related expenses related to our business development department, as well as trade show attendance, advertising and marketing expenses, and travel and related costs incurred in generating and maintaining customer relationships. Selling expenses decreased $38,000, or 25%, compared to fiscal 2023, primarily due to decreased sales commissions in the amount of $74,000 offset by increased recruiting and advertising of $20,000 and $10,000, respectively.
General and administrative expenses (“G&A”) consist of salaries and other personnel-related expenses for corporate, accounting, finance, and human resource personnel, as well as costs for outsourced information technology services, professional fees, directors’ fees, and costs associated with being a public company. The $44,000 increase in G&A expenses from fiscal 2023 to 2024 is due primarily to increased audit and consulting fees in the amount of $323,000 and increased recruiting fees of $100,000 offset by reduced patent related legal fees of $233,000 and non-cash compensation expense related to stock compensation in the amount of $161,000 due primarily to forfeitures caused by employee turnover.
Research and development costs generally consist of salaries, employer-paid benefits, and other personnel- related costs of our engineering and support personnel, as well as allocated facility and information technology costs, professional and consulting fees, patent-related fees, lab costs, materials, and travel and related costs incurred in the development and support of our products. Fiscal 2024 research and development costs increased $385,000 from fiscal 2023 due to increased spending on internal product development projects of $82,000 as well as reduced billable project expenditures which get reclassified to cost of sales. The majority of our research and development expenditures incurred in fiscal 2024 and 2023 relates to our sustaining activities related to products we currently manufacture and sell. As we introduce new products into the market, we expect to see an increase in sustaining and other engineering expenses. Typical examples of sustaining engineering activities include, but are not limited to, end-of-life component replacement, especially in electronic components found in our printed circuit board assemblies, analysis of customer complaint data to improve process and design, replacement and enhancement of tooling and fixtures used in the machine shop, assembly operations, and inspection areas to improve efficiency and through-put.
Other Income (Expense)
Interest and Dividend Income
Our interest and dividend income earned in fiscal 2024 and 2023 includes income earned from our interest-bearing money market accounts and portfolio of equity investments.
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments
The unrealized gain (loss) on investments relates to our investment portfolio. Additional information related to the nature of our investments is more fully described in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this report.
Gain on Sale of Investments
During fiscal 2024, our investment sales were immaterial. During fiscal 2023, we liquidated some of the investments in our portfolio of equity investments receiving proceeds of $89,000 and recording a gain of $6,000.
Interest Expense
Interest expense incurred in fiscal 2024 and 2023 consists primarily of interest expense related to our debt with Minnesota Bank & Trust (“MBT”) described more fully in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this report.
Income Taxes
The effective tax rate for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was 19% and 25%, respectively, slightly less than our combined expected federal and applicable state corporate income tax rates due primarily to federal and state research credits.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following table is a summary of our Statements of Cash Flows and Cash and Working Capital as of and for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:
As of and for the Years
Ended June 30,
(In thousands)
Cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities $ 6,199 $ 5,462
Investing activities $ (2,233 ) $ (885 )
Financing activities $ (4,271 ) $ (2,490 )
Cash, cash equivalents and working capital:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,631 $ 2,936
Working capital $ 23,719 $ 21,303
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Cash provided by operating activities totaled $6.2 million during fiscal 2024. Our net income was $2.1 million, which includes $4.1 million of unrealized losses on certain equity investments, as well as non-cash stock compensation expense and depreciation and amortization expense in the amount of $605,000 and $1.2 million, respectively. Additionally, our accounts payable and accrued expenses increased by $2.4 million and our inventory decreased by $898,000. Offsetting these inflows of cash, our accounts receivable and deferred tax assets grew by $3.9 million and $1.6 million, respectively.
Cash provided by operating activities during fiscal 2023 totaled $5.5 million. Our net income was $7.1 million, which includes $3.9 million of unrealized gains on certain equity investments, as well as $857,000 of depreciation and amortization and $766,000 of non-cash stock compensation. Additionally, our accounts receivable decreased by $5.4 million due to the variability in the timing of shipments and our prepaid expenses and deferred income taxes decreased by $494,000 and $264,000, respectively. Offsetting this net inflow of cash, inventory increased by $3.5 million and our accounts payable and accrued expenses and deferred revenue decreased by $1.1 million and $1.0 million, respectively.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities in fiscal 2024 was $2.2 million and related to the exercise of the Monogram Warrant for cash in the amount of $1,250,000 (See Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this report) as well as equipment and improvements purchases in the amount of $983,000.
Net cash used in investing activities in fiscal 2023 was $885,000. During the 2023 fiscal year, we made capital expenditures in the amount of $974,000 primarily for the Franklin Property and we received proceeds of $89,000 from the sales of marketable equity securities.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities for fiscal 2024 totaled $4.3 million and related primarily to the $3.5 million repurchase of 184,901 shares of our common stock pursuant to our share repurchase program, as well as $816,000 of net principal payments related to our various loans from MBT more fully described in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this report.
Net cash used in financing activities for fiscal 2023 totaled $2.5 million and included $809,000 in net principal payments of various notes payable to MBT, and $1.5 million related to the repurchase of 86,422 shares of our common stock pursuant to our share repurchase program, as well as payment of $223,000 of employee payroll taxes related to the award of 37,500 shares of common stock to employees under previously granted performance awards.
Liquidity Requirements for the Next 12 Months
As of June 30, 2024, our working capital was $23.7 million. We currently believe that our existing cash and cash equivalent balances, together with our account receivable balances, and anticipated cash flows from operations will provide us sufficient funds to satisfy our cash requirements as our business is currently conducted for at least the next 12 months. In addition to our cash and cash equivalent balances, we expect to derive a portion of our liquidity from our cash flows from operations. We may also liquidate some or all of our investment portfolio or borrow against our revolving loan with MBT (See Notes 7 and 14 to consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this report), under which we had availability of $4.0 million as of June 30, 2024.
We are focused on preserving our cash balances by monitoring expenses, identifying cost savings, and investing only in those development programs and products that we believe will most likely contribute to our profitability. As we execute our current strategy, however, we may require debt and/or equity capital to fund our working capital needs and requirements for capital equipment to support our manufacturing and inspection processes. In particular, we have experienced negative operating cash flow in the past, especially as we procure long-lead time materials to satisfy our backlog, which can be subject to extensive variability. We believe that if we need additional capital to fund our operations, we can borrow against our revolving loan with MBT.
Surplus Capital Investment Policy
During fiscal 2013, our Board approved a Surplus Capital Investment Policy (the “Policy”) that provides, among other items, for the following:
(a) Determination by our Board of Directors of (i) our surplus capital balance and (ii) the portion of such surplus capital balance to be invested according to the Policy;
(b) Selection of an Investment Committee responsible for implementing the Policy; and
(c) Objectives and criteria under which investments may be made.
The Investment Committee is comprised of Messrs. Swenson (Chair), Cabillot, and Van Kirk. Both Mr. Cabillot and Mr. Swenson are active investors with extensive portfolio management expertise. We leverage the experience of these committee members to make investment decisions for the investment of our surplus operating capital or borrowed funds. Additionally, many of our securities holdings include stocks of public companies that either Messrs. Swenson or Cabillot or both may own from time to time either individually or through the investment funds that they manage, or other companies whose boards they sit on. The Investment Committee approved each of the investments comprising the $5.8 million of investments in marketable public equity securities held at June 30, 2024, which amount includes unrealized holding gains in the amount of $3.1 million at June 30, 2024.
In December 2019, our Board approved a new share repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to one million shares of our common stock, as the prior repurchase plan, authorized by our Board in 2013, authorizing the repurchase of 750,000 shares of common stock was nearing completion. In accordance with, and as part of, these share repurchase programs, our Board has approved the adoption of several prearranged share repurchase plans intended to qualify for the safe harbor Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act (“10b5-1 Plan” or “Plan”).
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, we repurchased 184,901 shares at an aggregate cost, inclusive of fees under the Plan, of $3.5 million. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, we repurchased 86,422 shares at an aggregate cost, inclusive of fees under the Plan, of $1.5 million. On a cumulative basis, since 2013 we have repurchased a total of 1,381,349 shares under the share repurchase programs at an aggregate cost, inclusive of fees under the Plan, of $20.7 million. All repurchases under the 10b5-1 Plans were administered through an independent broker.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide this information.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (Moss Adams LLP, Irvine, California, Auditor ID: 659)	
Financial Statements:
Consolidated Balance Sheets, June 30, 2024 and 2023
Consolidated Income Statements, Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity, Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors
Pro-Dex, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Pro-Dex, Inc. (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
Critical audit matters are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters.
/s/ Moss Adams LLP
Irvine, California
September 5, 2024
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2003.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)
June 30,
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,631 $ 2,936
Investments 4,217 1,134
Accounts receivable 13,887 9,952
Deferred costs
Inventory 15,269 16,167
Prepaid expenses
Total current assets 36,611 30,979
Land and building, net 6,155 6,249
Equipment and improvements, net 5,024 5,079
Right of use asset, net 1,473 1,872
Intangibles, net
Deferred income taxes, net 1,555 -
Investments 1,563 7,521
Other assets
Total assets $ 52,477 $ 51,823
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 4,513 $ 2,261
Accrued liabilities 3,359 3,135
Income taxes payable
Deferred revenue -
Notes payable 4,374 3,827
Total current liabilities 12,892 9,676
Non-current liabilities:
Lease liability, net of current portion 1,182 1,638
Deferred income taxes, net -
Notes payable, net of current portion 7,536 8,911
Total non-current liabilities 8,718 10,557
Total liabilities 21,610 20,233
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 9): - -
Shareholders’ equity:
Common stock, no par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 3,363,412 and 3,545,309 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively 3,917 6,767
Retained earnings 26,950 24,823
Total shareholders’ equity 30,867 31,590
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $ 52,477 $ 51,823
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
Years Ended June 30,
Net sales $ 53,844 $ 46,087
Cost of sales 39,293 33,338
Gross profit 14,551 12,749
Operating expenses:
Selling expenses
General and administrative expenses 4,072 4,028
Research and development costs 3,189 2,804
Total operating expenses 7,378 6,987
Operating income 7,173 5,762
Other income (expense):
Interest and dividend income
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable equity investments (4,125 ) 3,899
Gain on sale of investments -
Interest expense (558 ) (533 )
Total other income (expense) (4,539 ) 3,666
Income before income taxes 2,634 9,428
Income tax expense 2,354
Net income $ 2,127 $ 7,074
Basic & Diluted income per share:
Basic net income per share $ 0.61 $ 1.98
Diluted net income per share $ 0.60 $ 1.95
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic 3,498,807 3,571,044
Diluted 3,571,207 3,636,944
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For The Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023
(In thousands, except share data)
Common Shares
Number of Shares Amount Retained Earnings Total
Balance at June 30, 2022 3,596,131 $ 7,682 $ 17,749 $ 25,431
Net income - - 7,074 7,074
ESPP shares issued 5,459 -
Shares issued in connection with performance award vesting 37,500 - - -
Shares withheld from common stock issued to pay employee payroll taxes (13,859 ) (223 ) - (223 )
Exercise of stock options 6,500 -
Share-based compensation - -
Share repurchases (86,422 ) (1,547 ) - (1,547 )
Balance at June 30, 2023 3,545,309 $ 6,767 $ 24,823 $ 31,590
Net income - - 2,127 2,127
ESPP shares issued 3,004 -
Share-based compensation - -
Share repurchases (184,901 ) (3,505 ) - (3,505 )
Balance at June 30, 2024 3,363,412 $ 3,917 $ 26,950 $ 30,867
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
Years Ended June 30,
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income $ 2,127 $ 7,074
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 1,160
Unrealized (gain) loss on marketable equity investments 4,125 (3,899 )
Gain on sale of investments - (6 )
Non-cash lease recovery (17 ) (2 )
Amortization of loan fees, net (13 )
Share-based compensation
Deferred income taxes (1,563 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable (3,935 ) 5,432
Deferred costs
Inventory (3,489 )
Prepaid expenses (49 )
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 2,436 (1,153 )
Deferred revenue (1,013 )
Income taxes payable (91 )
Net cash provided by operating activities 6,199 5,462
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of equipment and improvements (983 ) (974 )
Proceeds from sale of investments -
Investment in Monogram (1,250 ) -
Net cash used in investing activities (2,233 ) (885 )
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Principal payments on notes payable (4,816 ) (6,093 )
Borrowing from Minnesota Bank & Trust, net of loan origination fees 4,000 5,284
Repurchases of common stock (3,505 ) (1,547 )
Payments of employee taxes on net issuance of common stock - (223 )
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and ESPP contributions
Net cash used in financing activities (4,271 ) (2,490 )
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (305 ) 2,087
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 2,936
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ 2,631 $ 2,936
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - CONTINUED
(In thousands)
Years Ended June 30,
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Income taxes, net of refunds $ 1,891 $ 1,655
Interest $ 555 $ 521
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
We specialize in the design, development and manufacture of autoclavable, battery-powered and electric, multi-function surgical drivers and shavers used primarily in the orthopedic, thoracic, and craniomaxillofacial markets. We have patented adaptive torque-limiting technology and proprietary sealing solutions which appeal to our customers, primarily medical device distributors. We also manufacture and sell rotary air motors to a wide range of industries.
In August 2020, we formed a wholly owned subsidiary, PDEX Franklin, LLC (“PDEX Franklin”), to hold title for an approximate 25,000 square foot industrial building in Tustin, California (the “Franklin Property”) that we acquired on November 6, 2020, in order to allow for the continued growth of our business. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and PDEX Franklin and all significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated. This subsidiary has no separate operations.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The summary of significant accounting policies presented below is designed to assist the reader in understanding our consolidated financial statements. Such consolidated financial statements and related notes are the representations of management, who is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. In the opinion of management, these accounting policies conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) in all material respects and have been consistently applied in preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Net Sales
Net sales consists of the sale of products and services, as well as shipping and handling billed to our customers and is net of volume rebates and discounts and excludes sales tax.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue from product sales is recognized as promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers once our contract(s) with a customer and the performance obligations in the contract have been identified, and the transaction price has been allocated to the performance obligations and revenue is recorded when (or as) we satisfy each performance obligation, generally upon shipment.
Revenue from services, typically non-recurring engineering (“NRE”) services related to the design or customization of a medical device, is typically recognized over time. The customer funding for costs incurred for NRE services is deferred and subsequently recognized as revenue as under-lying products or services are delivered to the customers. Additionally, expenses incurred, up to the customer agreed funding amount, are deferred as an asset and recognized as cost of sales when the under-lying products or services are delivered to the customer. The deferred customer funding and costs result in recognition of deferred costs (asset) and deferred revenue (liability) on our consolidated balance sheets.
One of our customer contracts can give rise to variable consideration due to volume rebates. We estimate variable consideration at the most likely amount we will receive from this customer. Our estimates of variable consideration are based on an assessment of our anticipated performance and all information (historical, current, and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us.
Returns of our product for credit are minimal; accordingly, we do not establish a reserve for product returns at the time of sale.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales consists primarily of the purchase price of goods and cost of services rendered including freight costs. Cost of sales also includes production labor and overhead costs for all of our manufacturing and assembly operations, which overhead includes all indirect labor and expenses associated with our inspection, warehousing, material planning and quality departments.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Estimated Losses on Product Development Services
Cost and revenue estimates related to the product development service portions of development and supply contracts are reviewed and updated quarterly. An expected loss on development service contracts is recognized immediately in cost of sales. Losses recorded in fiscal 2024 and 2023 related to these services totaled $118,000 and $108,000, respectively.
Due to the complexity of many of the contracts we have undertaken, the cost estimation process requires significant judgment. It is based upon the knowledge and experience of our project managers, engineers, and finance professionals. Factors that are considered in estimating the cost of work to be completed and ultimate profitability of the fixed price product development portion of development and supply contracts include the nature and complexity of the work to be performed, availability and productivity of labor, the effect of change orders, the availability of materials, performance of subcontractors, and expected costs for specific regulatory approvals.
Warranties
Certain of our products are sold with a warranty that provides for repairs or replacement of any defective parts for a period, generally one to two years, after the sale. At the time of the sale, we accrue an estimate of the cost of providing the warranty based on prior experience with such factors as return rates and repair costs, which factors are reviewed quarterly.
The warranty accrual is based on historical costs of warranty repairs and expected future identifiable warranty expenses and is included in accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Warranty expenses are included in cost of sales in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Changes in estimates to previously established warranty accruals result from current period updates to assumptions regarding repair costs and warranty return rates and are included in current period warranty expense.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of ninety days or less to be cash equivalents. At June 30, 2024 and 2023, cash equivalents consisted of investments in money market funds.
Accounts Receivable
Trade receivables are stated at their original invoice amounts, less an allowance for doubtful portions of such accounts represented by expected credit losses. Management determines the allowance for credit losses based on facts and circumstances related to specific accounts and the age of accounts. Trade receivables are written off when deemed uncollectible. Recoveries of trade receivables previously reserved are offset against the allowance when received.
Leases
Our operating lease consists solely of our corporate headquarters located in Irvine, California. We do not have any leases classified as financing leases. We classify arrangements meeting the definition of a lease as operating or financing leases, and leases are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets as both a right-of-use asset (“ROU”) and lease liability, calculated by discounting the fixed lease payments over the term of the lease term at the rate implicit in the lease or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. Lease liabilities are increased by interest and reduced by payments each period, and the ROU asset is amortized over the lease term. For operating leases, interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the ROU asset result in straight-line rent expense over the lease term. Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Variable lease expenses are recorded when incurred. We exclude short-term leases having an initial term of 12 month or less as an accounting policy election, and instead recognize rent expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
We assess the impairment of ROU assets when an event or change in circumstance indicates that the carrying value of such ROU assets may not be recoverable. If an event or a change in circumstance indicates that the carrying value of an ROU asset may not be recoverable and the estimated fair value attributable to the ROU asset is less than its carrying value, an impairment loss equal to the excess of the ROU’s carrying value over its estimated fair value is recognized.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Deferred Costs
Deferred costs reflect costs incurred related to NRE services under the terms of the related development and/or supply contracts. These costs get recorded to cost of sales in the period that the revenue is recognized.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. Cost includes materials, labor, and manufacturing overhead related to the purchase and production of inventories. Reductions to estimated market value are recorded and charged to cost of sales, when indicated based on a formula that compares on-hand quantities to both historical usage and estimated demand as of the measurement date. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate inventory for obsolescence and slow-moving items. This evaluation includes analysis of historical sales and usage, existing demand, as well as specific factors known to management. As of June 30, 2024 and 2023, there was approximately $275,000 and $637,000, respectively, of inventory in-transit from suppliers.
Investments
Investments at June 30, 2024 and 2023, consist of marketable equity securities of publicly held companies. Investments at June 30, 2023 also included a warrant (the “Monogram Warrant”) to purchase common stock of a company whose common stock first became publicly traded in May 2023, which we exercised in the second quarter of fiscal 2024 (See Note 4). The investments were made to realize a reasonable return, although there is no assurance that positive returns will be realized. Investments are marked to market at each measurement date, with unrealized gains and losses presented separately within other income and expense on the consolidated income statement. All of our investments consist of common stocks of public companies that are either thinly traded or we hold a significant (in excess of 5%) interest in. These investments were subject to a valuation analysis as of June 30, 2024 and 2023.
Long-lived Assets
We review the recoverability of long-lived assets, consisting of the land and building that we own, equipment, and improvements, including leasehold improvements, when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate carrying values may not be recoverable.
Our building, equipment and improvements are recorded at historical cost and depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the following periods:
Schedule of building, equipment and improvements
Building Thirty years
Equipment Three to ten years
Improvements Shorter of the remaining life of the underlying building, lease term, or the asset’s estimated useful life
Intangibles
Intangibles consist of legal fees incurred in connection with patent applications. Our patent costs are being amortized over a period of four to seven years. The expense associated with the amortization of the patent costs is recognized in research and development costs.
Income Taxes
We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities along with net operating losses and tax credit carryovers. Net deferred tax assets or liabilities at both June 30, 2024 and 2023 consisted primarily of basis differences related to unrealized gain/loss related to investments, stock-based compensation, fixed assets, accrued expenses, and inventories. Our deferred tax assets also includes capitalization of our research expenditures as prescribed by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
Significant management judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes, the recoverability of deferred tax assets, and the extinguishment of deferred tax liabilities. Such determination is based on historical taxable income, with consideration given to estimates of future taxable income and the periods over which deferred tax assets will be recoverable and deferred tax liabilities will be extinguished. We record a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets to reduce the net carrying value to an amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. When we establish or reduce the valuation allowance against deferred tax assets, the provision for income taxes will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period such determination is made.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Uncertain Tax Positions
We record uncertain tax positions in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740 on the basis of a two-step process whereby (1) we determine whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained on the basis of the technical merits of the position, and (2) for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, we recognize the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority.
Shipping and Handling
Payments from customers for shipping and handling are included in net sales. Shipping expenses, consisting primarily of payments made to freight companies, are included in cost of sales.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, and trade receivables. We place our cash and cash equivalents with major financial institutions. At June 30, 2024 and 2023, and throughout the fiscal years then ended, we had deposits in excess of federally insured limits. Credit sales are made to medical device distributors, original equipment manufacturers, and resellers throughout the world, and sales to such customers account for a substantial portion of our trade receivables. While such receivables are not collateralized, we evaluate their collectability based on several factors including customers’ payment histories.
Segment Reporting
We have identified one business segment which management also considers to be one reporting unit as our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) allocates resources, assesses performance, and manages our business as one segment. We have reached this conclusion because 99% of our business relates to designing, manufacturing, and repairing medical devices. We primarily design, sell, and repair handheld medical devices and accessories. We provide medical devices, NRE and proto-type services, as well as repairs to all our customers and we utilize one machine shop and purchasing team to procure and manufacture all the products that we sell. Our CEO utilizes consolidated operating income to analyze our business operations.
Compensation Plans
We recognize compensation expense for the share-based awards that vest subject to market conditions under ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation by estimating their fair value using a Monte Carlo simulation. The fair value using a Monte Carlo simulation model is affected by assumptions regarding a number of complex judgments including expected stock price volatility, risk free interest rates, and the forecasted future value and trading volume of our stock. The awards are considered granted for accounting purposes on the date the awards were approved by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors and we recognize compensation expense, based on the estimated fair value of the award, on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Our operations are affected by numerous factors including market acceptance of our products, supply chain disruptions, changes in technologies, and new laws, government regulations, and policies. We cannot predict what impact, if any, the occurrence of these or other events might have on our operations. Significant estimates and assumptions made by management include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, share-based compensation, the allowance for credit losses, accrued warranty expense, investments, inventory valuation, the carrying value of long-lived assets, and the recoverability/extinguishment of deferred income tax assets and liabilities.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Basic and Diluted Per Share Information
Basic per share amounts are computed on the basis of the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during each period presented. Diluted per share amounts assume the issuance of all potential common stock equivalents, consisting of outstanding stock options and performance awards as discussed in Note 12, unless the effect of such exercise is to increase income, or decrease loss, per common share.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is measured based on the prices that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.
Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents is considered to be representative of their fair values based on the short-term nature of these instruments. As such, cash and cash equivalents are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy.
Investments: Investments consist of marketable equity securities of publicly held companies as well as, at June 30, 2023, a warrant (the Monogram Warrant) to purchase outstanding stock of a publicly traded company. Due to either the thinly traded nature of these stocks or our significant ownership percentage, in excess of 5% of shares outstanding, all of our investments are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy as of June 30, 2024. Due to the lack of an active market for the Monogram Warrant, the estimated fair value of the warrant was measured using pricing models with no observable inputs and was therefore considered a Level 3 measurement within the valuation hierarchy. The fair value of all of our investments at June 30, 2024 and 2023 was based upon a valuation analysis.
Although the methods above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of the net realizable value or reflective of future fair values, we believe our valuation methods are appropriate.
Advertising
Advertising costs are charged to selling or general and administrative expense as incurred and amounted to $14,000 and $4,000 for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU No 2022-02 (Topic 326) Financial Instruments - Credit Losses to create a new model for credit losses that reflects current expected credit losses (“CECL”) over the lifetime of the underlying accounts receivable. The CECL methodology is applicable to our trade accounts receivable and our deferred costs. We adopted ASU 2022-02 effective July 1, 2023, and the adoption did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
Recently Issued and Not Yet Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes: Improvements to Income Tas Disclosures (Topic 740). ASU 2023-09 expands the existing rules on income tax disclosures. This update requires entities to disclose specific categories in the tax rate reconciliation, provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold and disclose additional information about income taxes paid on an annual basis. The new disclosure requirements are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating these new expanded disclosure requirements.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting: Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (Topic280) which expands disclosure requirements to require entities to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to or easily computed from information regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker. This update also requires all annual disclosures currently required by Topic 280 to be disclosed in interim periods. The new disclosure requirements are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. Although our business, as currently operated, has only one segment, we are evaluating the new disclosure requirements to ensure compliance.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3. NET SALES
The following table presents the disaggregation of net sales by revenue recognition model (in thousands):
Schedule of disaggregation of net sales
Year ended June 30,
Net Sales:
Over-time revenue recognition	 $ 786 $ 2,695
Point-in-time revenue recognition	 53,058 43,392
Total net sales	 $ 53,844 $ 46,087
The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in billed accounts receivables, unbilled receivables (presented as deferred costs on our consolidated balance sheets) and customer advances and deposits (presented as deferred revenue on our consolidated balance sheets), where applicable. Amounts are generally billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed upon milestones. The over-time revenue recognition model consists of NRE and prototype services and typically relates to NRE services related to the evaluation, design or customization of a medical device and is typically recognized over time utilizing an input measure of progress based on costs incurred compared to the estimated total costs upon completion. During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we recorded $0 and $1.0 million, respectively, of revenue that had been included in deferred revenue in the prior year. The revenue recognized from the contract liabilities consisted of satisfying our performance obligations during the normal course of business.
The following tables summarize our contract assets and liability balances (in thousands):
Schedule of contract assets and liability
June 30,
Contract assets at beginning of year	 $ 494 $ 710
Expenses incurred during the year 1,545
Amounts reclassified to cost of sales (691 ) (1,710 )
Amounts allocated to discounts for standalone selling price (43 ) (51 )
Contract assets at end of year	 $ 262 $ 494
June 30,
Contract liabilities at beginning of year	 $ - $ 1,013
Payments received from customers
Amounts reclassified to revenue (253 ) (1,794 )
Contract liabilities at end of year	 $ 14 $ -
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
4. COMPOSITION OF CERTAIN FINANCIAL STATEMENT ITEMS
Investments
Investments are stated at market value and consist of the following (in thousands):
Schedule of investments
Years Ended June 30,
Current:
Marketable equity securities - short-term $ 4,217 $ 1,134
Long-term:
Monogram Warrant - 6,160
Marketable equity securities - long-term 1,563 1,361
Total Investments	 $ 5,780 $ 8,655
Marketable equity securities at June 30, 2024 and 2023 had an aggregate cost basis of $3,964,000 and $2,714,000, respectively. Both current and long-term marketable equity securities include equity securities of public companies that are thinly traded. We classified certain investments as long term in nature because even if we decide to sell the stocks, we may not be able to sell our position within one year. At June 30, 2024, the investments included net unrealized gains of $1.8 million (gross unrealized gains of $2.1 million offset by gross unrealized losses of $261,000). At June 30, 2023, the investments, excluding the Monogram Warrant, included net unrealized losses of $219,000 (gross unrealized losses of $286,000 offset by gross unrealized gains of $67,000).
Of the total marketable equity securities at June 30, 2024 and 2023, $987,000 and $1,134,000, respectively, represent an investment in the common stock of Air T, Inc. Two of our Board members, Messrs. Swenson and Cabillot, are also board members of Air T, Inc. and both either individually or through affiliates own an equity interest in Air T, Inc. Mr. Swenson, our Chairman, also serves as the chief executive officer and chairman of Air T, Inc. Another of our Board members is employed by Air T as its Chief of Staff. The shares have been purchased through 10b5-1 Plans that, in accordance with our internal policies regarding the approval of related-party transactions, were approved by our then three Board members that are not affiliated with Air T, Inc.
On October 6, 2023, in conjunction with the execution of a supply agreement with Monogram Technologies Inc., formerly Monogram Orthopaedics Inc. (“Monogram”), we exercised the Monogram Warrant in full in cash totaling $1,250,000 and received 1,828,551 shares of Monogram common stock (NasdaqCM: MGRM). On the date of exercise our unrealized loss on the investment was approximately $38,000. The fair value of the Monogram common stock of $3.2 million, is reflected in marketable equity securities - short term in the table above as of June 30, 2024. Our Chief Executive Officer, Richard Van Kirk (“Rick”), is also a Monogram board member.
At June 30, 2023, the Monogram Warrant was exercisable into a total of 1,823,058 shares of Monogram’s outstanding stock. The estimated fair value of the Monogram Warrant at June 30, 2023 was $6,160,000, using a Black-Scholes valuation model with the following assumptions:
Schedule of assumptions used
June 30,
Stock Price (common)	 $ 3.98
Strike Price (common)	 $ .69
Time until expiration (years)	 2.48
Volatility	 60.0 %
Risk-free interest rate	 4.68 %
We invest surplus cash from time to time through our Investment Committee, which is comprised of one management director, Mr. Van Kirk, and two non-management directors, Mr. Cabillot and Mr. Swenson, who chairs the committee. Both Mr. Cabillot and Mr. Swenson are active investors with extensive portfolio management expertise. We leverage the experience of these committee members to make investment decisions for the investment of our surplus operating capital or borrowed funds. Additionally, many of our securities holdings include stocks of public companies that either Messrs. Swenson or Cabillot or both may own from time to time either individually or through the investment funds that they manage, or other companies whose boards they sit on, such as Air T, Inc.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Inventory
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or net realizable value and consists of the following (in thousands):
Schedule of inventory
June 30,
Raw materials /purchased components	 $ 6,703 $ 8,824
Work in process	 5,103 3,686
Sub-assemblies /finished components	 2,342 2,387
Finished goods	 1,121 1,270
Total inventory	 $ 15,269 $ 16,167
Land and Building
Land and building consist of the following (in thousands):
Schedule of land and building
June 30,
Land	 $ 3,684 $ 3,684
Building	 2,815 2,815
Total	 6,499 6,499
Less: accumulated depreciation	 (344 ) (250 )
$ 6,155 $ 6,249
On November 6, 2020, we acquired the Franklin Property for a total purchase price of $6.5 million, of which we paid $1.3 million in cash and the balance of $5.2 million we financed through Minnesota Bank & Trust (“MBT”) (See Note 7). We substantially completed the build-out of the property in the first quarter of fiscal 2022. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023, we substantially completed all of our validation activities, and we moved our repairs and assembly departments to the new facility. The building is being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of 30 years.
Equipment and Improvements
Equipment and improvements consist of the following (in thousands):
Schedule of equipment and improvements
June 30,
Office furnishings and fixtures	 $ 1,982 $ 1,957
Machinery and equipment	 7,292 6,675
Automobiles	
Improvements	 4,993 4,737
Total	 14,288 13,390
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	 (9,264 ) (8,311 )
$ 5,024 $ 5,079
Depreciation expense for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $1,038,000 and $727,000, respectively. During fiscal 2024 and 2023, fully depreciated assets in the amount of $85,000 and $760,000, respectively, were retired.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Intangibles
Intangibles consist of the following (in thousands):
Schedule of intangibles
June 30,
Patent-related costs	 $ 208 $ 208
Less accumulated amortization	 (154 ) (127 )
$ 54 $ 81
Amortization expense for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $28,000 and $37,000, respectively.
Patent-related costs consist of legal fees incurred in connection with both patent applications and patent issuances, and will be amortized over the estimated life of the product(s) that is or will be utilizing the technology, or expensed immediately in the event the patent office denies the issuance of the patent. Future amortization expense is estimated to be no more than $30,000 per year and all remaining costs are expected to be fully amortized within two years.
Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):
Schedule of accrued liabilities
June 30,
Payroll and related items	 $ 668 $ 650
Accrued inventory in transit	
Accrued legal and professional fees	
Accrued bonuses	
Current portion of lease liability	
Warranty	
Accrued customer rebate	
Other	
Total $ 3,359 $ 3,135
5. WARRANTY ACCRUAL
Information relating to the accrual for warranty costs for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, is as follows (in thousands):
Schedule of accrual warranty costs
June 30,
Balance at beginning of year	 $ 200 $ 340
Accruals during the year
Change in estimates of prior period accruals (109 )
Warranty amortization/utilization (190 ) (192 )
Balance at end of year	 $ 277 $ 200
Warranty expense relating to new product sales and changes to estimates was $267,000 and $52,000, respectively, for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
6. INCOME TAXES
The provision for income taxes consists of the following amounts (in thousands):
Schedule of provision for income taxes
Years Ended June 30,
Current:
Federal $ 1,493 $ 1,745
State
Deferred:
Federal (1,210 )
State (353 )
Income tax expense	 $ 507 $ 2,354
The effective income tax rate from income from continuing operations differs from the United States statutory income tax rates for the reasons set forth in the table below (in thousands, except percentages).
Schedule of reconciliation federal statutory income tax rates
Years Ended June 30,
Amount Percent Pretax Income Amount Percent Pretax Income
Income before income taxes $ 2,634 100 % $ 9,428 100 %
Computed “expected” income tax expense on income before income taxes $ 553 21 % $ 1,979 21 %
State tax, net of federal benefit 8 % 7 %
Tax incentives (214 ) (8 %) (229 ) (2 %)
Uncertain tax position (88 ) (3 %) (119 ) (1 %)
Stock based compensation - (114 ) (1 %)
Other 1 % 1 %
Income tax expense $ 507 19 % $ 2,354 25 %
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Deferred income taxes reflect the net effects of loss and credit carryforwards and temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities for federal and state income taxes are as follows (in thousands):
Schedule of deferred income tax assets and liabilities
June 30,
Deferred tax assets:
Federal and state NOL carryforward $ 23 $ 22
Research and other credits
Reserves
Accruals
Stock based compensation 1,008
Section 174 capitalization
Lease liability
Inventory
Deferred state tax
Total gross deferred tax assets $ 3,378 $ 3,101
Less: valuation allowance (90 ) (91 )
Total deferred tax assets 3,288 3,010
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property and equipment, principally due to differing depreciation methods $ (675 ) $ (767 )
Right of use asset (439 ) (546 )
Deferred state tax (78 ) -
Unrealized gains (541 ) (1,705 )
Total gross deferred tax liabilities (1,733 ) (3,018 )
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) $ 1,555 $ (8 )
Realization of our deferred tax assets is dependent upon future earnings, if any, the timing and amount of which are uncertain. As of June 30, 2024, our deferred tax asset valuation allowance primarily consists of state net operating loss carryforwards for states in which we have filed a final return. For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we recorded a net decrease to our valuation allowance of $1,000 and $7,000, respectively, on the basis of management’s reassessment of the amount of our deferred tax assets that are more likely than not to be realized.
As of June 30, 2024, we did not have any net operating losses for federal and state income tax purposes for state jurisdictions in which we currently operate. We have no federal or state research and development and alternative minimum tax credit carry forwards at June 30, 2024.
As of June 30, 2024, we have accrued $262,000 of unrecognized tax benefits related to federal and state income tax matters that would reduce our income tax expense if recognized. If we are eventually able to recognize our uncertain tax positions, our effective tax rate would be reduced. Any adjustment to our uncertain tax positions would result in a cash outlay.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Information with respect to our accrual for unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):
Schedule of accrual unrecognized tax benefits
June 30,
Unrecognized tax benefits:
Beginning balance $ 345 $ 509
Additions based on federal tax positions related to the current year
Additions based on state tax positions related to the current year
Additions (reductions) for tax positions of prior years (95 )
Reductions due to lapses in statutes of limitation (118 ) (104 )
Ending balance $ 262 $ 345
Although it is reasonably possible that certain unrecognized tax benefits may increase or decrease within the next twelve months due to tax examinations, settlement activities, expirations of statute of limitations, or the impact on recognition and measurement considerations related to the results of published tax cases or other similar activities, we do not anticipate any significant changes to unrecognized tax benefits over the next twelve months.
We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense when applicable. As of June 30, 2024, $41,000 of interest applicable to our unrecognized tax benefits have been accrued.
We are subject to U.S. federal income tax, as well as income tax of California, Colorado, and Massachusetts. We are currently open to audit under the statute of limitations by the Internal Revenue Service for the years ended June 30, 2021, and later. However, because of our prior net operating losses and research credit carryovers, our tax years from June 30, 2013, are open to audit.
7. NOTES PAYABLE AND FINANCING TRANSACTIONS
Minnesota Bank & Trust
On November 6, 2020 (the “Closing Date”), PDEX Franklin, a newly created wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, purchased the Franklin Property. A portion of the purchase price was financed by a loan from MBT to PDEX Franklin in the principal amount of approximately $5.2 million (the “Property Loan”) pursuant to a Loan Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, between PDEX Franklin and MBT (the “Property Loan Agreement”) and corresponding Term Note (the “Property Note”) issued by PDEX Franklin in favor of MBT on the Closing Date. The Property Loan is secured by the Franklin Property pursuant to a Deed of Trust with Assignment of Leases and Rents, Security Agreement and Fixture Filing in favor of MBT (the “Deed”) and by an Assignment of Leases and Rents by PDEX Franklin in favor of MBT (the “Rents Assignment”). We paid loan origination fees to MBT on the Closing Date in the amount of $26,037.
The Property Loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.55% per annum, which is subject to a 3% increase upon an event of default. Accrued interest was paid on December 1, 2020, and both principal and interest in the amount of approximately $30,000 are due and payable on the first day of each subsequent month until the maturity date of November 1, 2030 (the “Maturity Date”), at which time a balloon payment in the amount of $3.1 million is due. Any prepayment of the Property Loan (other than monthly scheduled interest and principal payments), is subject to a prepayment fee equal to 4% of the principal amount prepaid for any prepayment made during the first or second year, 3% of the principal amount prepaid for any prepayment made during the third or fourth year, 2% of the principal amount prepaid for any prepayment made during the fifth or sixth year, and 1% of the principal amount prepaid for any prepayment made during the seventh or eighth year. The Property Loan Agreement, Property Note, Deed, and Rents Assignment each contain representations, warranties, covenants, and events of default that are customary for a loan of this type. The balance owed on the Property Loan at June 30, 2024 is $4,551,000.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
On the Closing Date, we also entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with MBT (the “Amended Credit Agreement”), providing for a $7,525,000 amended and restated term loan (the “Term Loan A”), a $1,000,000 term loan (the “Term Loan B”), and a $2,000,000 amended and restated revolving loan, evidenced by an Amended and Restated Term Note A (“Term Note A”), a Term Note B, and an Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Note (the “Revolving Note”) made by us in favor of MBT. The Term Note A had an outstanding principal balance of $3,770,331 as of the Closing Date and could be borrowed against through May 30, 2021 (the “Commitment Period”). During the third quarter ended March 31, 2021, we borrowed an additional $3,000,000 against Term Note A for the purpose of repurchasing our common stock as described in Note 13. The Term Note B had a zero balance as of the Closing Date and we borrowed the full $1,000,000 during the third quarter ended March 31, 2021, for the purpose of making improvements to the Franklin property described in Note 4.
The Term Loan A matures on November 1, 2027 and bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.84% per annum. Initial payments on the Term Loan A of interest only were due on December 1, 2020 through June 1, 2021. Commencing July 1, 2021 and continuing on the first day of each month thereafter until the maturity date, we are required to make payments of principal and interest on Term Loan A of approximately $97,000 plus any additional accrued and unpaid interest through the date of payment. The balance owed on Term Loan A as of June 30, 2024, is $3,834,000.
The Term Loan B matures on November 1, 2027 and bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.84% per annum. Initial payments on the Term Loan B of interest only were due on December 1, 2020 through June 1, 2021. Commencing July 1, 2021 and continuing on the first day of each month thereafter until the maturity date, we are required to make payments of principal and interest on Term Loan B of approximately $15,000, plus any additional accrued and unpaid interest through the date of payment. As of March 31, 2021, we had drawn fully against Term Note B and the balance outstanding on Term Note B was $571,000 on June 30, 2024.
On December 29, 2022 (the “Second Amendment Date”), we entered into Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Second Amendment”) with MBT, which amends the Amended Credit Agreement and provides for a supplemental line of credit in the amount of $3,000,000 (the “Supplemental Loan”). The Supplemental Loan is evidenced by a Supplemental Revolving Credit Note (the “Supplemental Note”) made by us in favor of MBT. The purpose of the Supplemental Loan is for financing acquisitions and repurchasing shares of our common stock. The Supplemental Loan may be borrowed against from time to time through its maturity date of December 29, 2024, on the terms set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2024, no amounts have been drawn against the Supplemental Loan.
The Revolving Loan was also amended (the “Amended Revolving Loan”) in connection with the Second Amendment to extend the maturity date from November 5, 2023 to December 29, 2024, to increase the Revolving Loan facility from $2,000,000 to $7,000,000, and to increase the interest rate on the Revolving Loan (as described below), evidenced by an Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Note (the “Amended Revolving Note”) made by us in favor of MBT. The Amended Revolving Loan may be borrowed against from time to time by us through its maturity date on the terms set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2024, we had drawn $3,000,000 against the Amended Revolving Loan. Loan origination fees in the amount of $16,000 were paid to MBT in conjunction with the Amended Revolving Loan and the Supplemental Loan.
The Amended Revolving Loan and Supplemental Loan bear interest at an annual rate equal to the greater of (a) 5.0% or (b) SOFR for a one-month period from the website of the CME Group Benchmark Administration Limited plus 2.5% (the “Adjusted Term SOFR Rate”). Commencing on the first day of each month after we initially borrow against the Amended Revolving Loan and/or the Supplemental Loan and each month thereafter until maturity, we are required to pay all accrued and unpaid interest on the Amended Revolving Loan and Supplemental Loan through the date of payment. Any principal on the Amended Revolving Loan and/or Supplemental Loan that is not previously prepaid shall be due and payable in full on the maturity date (or earlier termination of the Amended Revolving Loan and/or Supplemental Loan).
On December 29, 2023, we entered into Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, which extended the maturity date of the Amended Revolving Loan and the Supplemental Loan from December 29, 2024, to December 29, 2025.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Any payment on the Term Loan A, the Term Loan B, the Amended Revolving Loan or the Supplemental Loan (collectively, the “Loans”) not made within seven days after the due date is subject to a late payment fee equal to 5% of the overdue amount. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an event of default, the interest rate of all Loans will be increased by 3% and MBT may, at its option, declare all of the Loans immediately due and payable in full. The Loans are secured by substantially all of our assets pursuant to a Security Agreement entered into between us and MBT on September 6, 2018.
The Amended Credit Agreement, Security Agreement, Term Note A, Term Note B, Amended Revolving Note and Supplemental Note contain representations and warranties, affirmative, negative and financial covenants, and events of default that are customary for loans of this type. We believe that we are in compliance with all of our debt covenants as of June 30, 2024, but there can be no assurance that we will remain in compliance for the duration of the term of these loans.
Scheduled principal maturities of our loans, assuming repayment of the Amended Revolving Loan in full next fiscal year and exclusive of unamortized loan origination fees in the amount of $46,000, for future fiscal years ending June 30 are as follows (in thousands):
Schedule of maturities of term loan for future fiscal years
Term Loan
Principal Payments
Fiscal Year:
$ 4,398
1,451
1,508
Thereafter 3,456
Total principal payments	 $ 11,956
8. LEASES
Our operating lease ROU asset and long-term liability are presented separately on our consolidated balance sheet. The current portion of our operating lease liability, exclusive of imputed interest, as of June 30, 2024, in the amount of $455,000, is presented within accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheet. As of June 30, 2024, the maturity of our lease liability is as follows:
Schedule of maturities of lease liabilities
Operating Lease
Fiscal Year:
$ 535
Total lease payments 1,796
Less imputed interest: (158 )
Total	 $ 1,638
As of June 30, 2024 and 2023, our operating lease has a remaining lease term of 3.25 years and 4.25 years, respectively, and an imputed interest rate of 5.3%. Our lease agreement does not provide an implicit rate and, as a result, we used our estimated incremental borrowing rate at the time we adopted ASC 842 to determine the present value of future lease payments. Cash paid for amounts included in the lease liability for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was $519,000 and $504,000, respectively.
9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Leases
We lease our office, production, and warehouse facility in Irvine, California (our “corporate office”) under an agreement that expires in September 2027. Our corporate office lease requires us to pay insurance, taxes, and other expenses related to the leased space.
Rent expense in fiscal 2024 and 2023 was $559,000 and $563,000, respectively.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Compensation Arrangements
Retirement Savings 401(k) Plan
The Pro-Dex, Inc. Retirement Savings 401(k) Plan (the “401(k) Plan”) is a defined contribution plan we administer that covers substantially all our employees and is subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended. Employees are eligible to participate in the 401(k) Plan when they have attained 19 years of age and then can enter into the 401(k) Plan on the first day of each calendar quarter. Participants are eligible to receive non-discretionary matching contributions by the Company equal to 25% of their contributions up to 5% of eligible compensation through December 15, 2022 and 50% of their contributions up to 5% of eligible compensation thereafter. For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we recognized compensation expense amounting to $188,000 and $164,000, respectively, in connection with the 401(k) Plan. During our fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we used approximately $63,000 and $13,000, respectively, of forfeited match contributions to reduce our match expense.
Legal Matters
We may be involved in legal proceedings arising either in the ordinary course of our business or incidental to our business. There can be no certainty, however, that we may not ultimately incur liability or that such liability will not be material or adverse.
10. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Stock Option Plans
Through 2014, we had two equity compensation plans, the Second Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Option Plan (the “Employee Stock Option Plan”) and the Amended and Restated 2004 Directors’ Stock Option Plan (the “Directors’ Stock Option Plan”) (collectively, the “Former Stock Option Plans”). The Employee Stock Option Plan and Director’s Stock Option Plan were terminated in June 2014 and December 2014, respectively. No options were granted under the Former Stock Option Plans during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 and all remaining outstanding stock options were exercised during fiscal 2023.
In September 2016, our Board approved the establishment of the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan, which was approved by our shareholders at our 2016 Annual Meeting. The 2016 Equity Incentive Plan provides for the award of up to 1,500,000 shares of our common stock in the form of incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted stock units, performance awards, and other stock-based awards.
Performance Awards
In December 2017, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors granted 200,000 performance awards to our employees under the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan, which upon vesting will generally be paid in shares of our common stock. Whether any performance awards vest, and the amount that does vest, is tied to the completion of service periods that range from 7 months to 9.5 years at inception and the achievement of our common stock trading at certain pre-determined prices. The weighted-average fair value of the performance awards granted was $4.46, calculated using the weighted-average fair market value for each award, using a Monte Carlo simulation. In February 2020, the Compensation Committee reallocated 48,000 previously forfeited awards, having the same remaining terms and conditions, to certain current employees. The weighted average fair value of the performance awards granted in fiscal 2020 was $16.90, calculated using the weighted-average fair market value for each award, using a Monte Carlo simulation. In December 2021, the Compensation Committee reallocated an additional 17,500 previously forfeited awards, having the same remaining terms and conditions, to other employees. The weighted average fair value of the performance awards reallocated in 2021 was $20.34, calculated using the weighted average fair market value for each award, using a Monte Carlo simulation. In October 2023, the Compensation Committee reallocated an additional 15,200 previously forfeited awards, having the same remaining terms and conditions, to other employees. The weighted average fair value of the performance awards reallocated in 2023 was $10.04, calculated using the weighted average fair market value for each award, using a Monte Carlo simulation. We recorded share-based compensation expense of $106,000 in each of the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, related to these performance awards. We recognize forfeitures for our performance awards as they occur. On June 30, 2024, there was approximately $55,000 of unrecognized compensation cost related to these non-vested performance awards expected to be expensed over the weighted-average period of 1.0 years.
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
On July 1, 2022, it was determined by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors that the vesting of performance awards for 37,500 shares of common stock had been achieved. Each participant elected a net issuance to cover their individual withholding taxes and therefore we issued 23,641 shares and paid $223,000 of participant-related payroll tax liabilities.
The following is a summary of performance awards activity for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:
Schedule of summary of stock option activity
Number of Shares Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair Value Number of Shares Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at July 1, 64,800 $ 7.03 117,500 $ 8.52
Granted 15,200 10.04 - -
Vested - - (37,500 ) 7.84
Forfeited - - (15,200 ) 16.54
Outstanding at June 30	 80,000 $ 7.00 64,800 $ 7.03
Non-Qualified Stock Options
In December 2020, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors granted 310,000 non-qualified stock options to our directors and certain employees under the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan. Whether any stock options vest, and the amount that does vest, is tied to the completion of service periods that range from 18 months to 10.5 years at inception and the achievement of our common stock trading at certain pre-determined prices. We recorded compensation expense of $490,000 and $647,000 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, related to these options. The weighted average fair value of the stock option awards granted was $16.72, calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation. We recognize forfeitures for our non-qualified stock options as they occur. As of June 30, 2024, there was approximately $1.6 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to these non-vested non-qualified stock options.
In February 2021, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors granted 62,000 non-qualified stock options to our directors and certain employees under the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan. Whether any stock options vest, and the amount that does vest, was tied to the completion of service periods that ranged from 4 months to 1.3 years at inception and the achievement of our common stock trading at certain pre-determined prices. Of these 62,000 stock options, 57,750 vested on July 1, 2021, as our common stock met the pre-determined prices set forth in the underlying agreements. We recorded compensation expense of $182,000 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021 related to these options. The weighted average fair value of the stock option awards granted was $3.16, calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation. In December 2021, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors granted 5,000 previously forfeited non-qualified stock options to another employee.
The following is a summary of non-qualified stock option activity under the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:
Schedule of summary of stock option activity
Number of Shares Weighted-Average
Exercise Price Number of Shares Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
Outstanding at July 1, 298,937 $ 42.19 346,500 $ 41.83
Options granted - - - -
Options exercised - - - -
Options forfeited (31,187 ) 42.88 (47,563 ) 39.60
Outstanding at June 30	 267,750 $ 42.11 298,937 $ 42.19
Stock Options Exercisable at June 30,	 57,750 $ 27.50 57,750 $ 27.50
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In September 2014, our Board approved the establishment of an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”). The ESPP conforms to the provisions of Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code, has coterminous offering and purchase periods of six months, and bases the pricing at which participant’s purchase shares of our common stock on a formula so as to result in a per share purchase price that approximates a 15% discount from the market price of a share of our common stock at the end of the purchase period. Our Board of Directors also approved the provision that shares formerly reserved for issuance under the Former Stock Option Plans in excess of shares issuable pursuant to outstanding options, aggregating 704,715 shares, be reserved for issuance pursuant to the ESPP. The ESPP was approved by our shareholders at our 2014 Annual Meeting. On February 2, 2015, the Company filed a Registration Statement on Form S-8 registering the 704,715 shares issuable under the ESPP under the Securities Act of 1933.
In October 2023, our Board approved an amendment to the ESPP (the “ESPP Amendment”), which extended the term of the ESPP for an additional ten years from January 2025 to January 2035. The ESPP Amendment was approved by our shareholders at our 2023 Annual Meeting.
During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, shares totaling 3,004 and 5,459, respectively, were purchased pursuant to the ESPP and allocated to participating employees based upon their contributions at weighted- average prices of $16.64 and $14.21, respectively. On a cumulative basis, since the inception of the ESPP, employees have purchased a total of 35,502 shares. During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we recorded stock compensation expense in the amount of $9,000 and $14,000, respectively, relating to the ESPP.
11. MAJOR CUSTOMERS & SUPPLIERS
Customers that accounted for more than 10% of our total sales in either of fiscal year 2024 or 2023, is as follows (in thousands, except percentages):
Schedule of sales by major customers
Years Ended June 30,
Amount Percent of Total Amount Percent of Total
Net sales	 $ 53,844 100 % $ 46,087 100 %
Customer concentration:
Customer 1 $ 38,159 71 % $ 30,892 67 %
Customer 2 6,502 12 % 7,583 16 %
Total $ 44,661 83 % $ 38,475 83 %
Information with respect to accounts receivable from those customers who comprised more than 10% of our gross accounts receivable at either June 30, 2024 or June 30, 2023 is as follows (in thousands, except percentages):
Schedule of accounts receivable, inventory purchases and accounts payable of major customers and suppliers
June 30, June 30,
Total gross accounts receivable	 $ 13,887 100 % $ 9,952 100 %
Customer concentration:
Customer 1 $ 10,488 76 % $ 7,231 73 %
Customer 2 2,423 17 % 1,951 19 %
Total $ 12,911 93 % $ 9,182 92 %
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
During fiscal 2024 and 2023, we had three and four suppliers, respectively, that accounted for more than 10% of total inventory purchases, as follows (in thousands, except percentages):
June 30, June 30,
Total inventory purchases	 $ 20,926 100 % $ 19,835 100 %
Supplier concentration:
Supplier 1 $ 5,004 24 % $ 4,595 23 %
Supplier 2 2,401 11 % 2,406 12 %
Supplier 3 3,351 16 % 2,135 11 %
Supplier 4 1 % 2,059 10 %
Total. $ 10,914 52 % $ 11,195 56 %
Information with respect to accounts payable due to our top three suppliers at June 30, 2024 or June 30, 2023 is as follows (in thousands, except percentages):
June 30, June 30,
Total accounts payable	 $ 4,513 100 % $ 2,261 100 %
Supplier concentration:
Supplier 1 $ 1,405 31 % $ 620 27 %
Supplier 3 9 % 7 %
Supplier 2 8 % 2 %
Total. $ 2,192 48 % $ 819 36 %
12. NET INCOME PER SHARE
We calculate basic earnings per share by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the effects of potentially dilutive securities. The summary of the basic and diluted earnings per share calculations for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):
Schedule of net income per share
Years Ended June 30,
Basic:
Net income	 $ 2,127 $ 7,074
Weighted-average shares outstanding	 3,499 3,571
Basic earnings per share	 $ 0.61 $ 1.98
Diluted:
Net income	 $ 2,127 $ 7,074
Weighted-average shares outstanding	 3,499 3,571
Effect of dilutive securities - stock options & performance awards	
Weighted-average shares used in calculation of diluted earnings per share	 3,571 3,637
Diluted earnings per share	 $ 0.60 $ 1.95
PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
13. COMMON STOCK - Share Repurchase Program
In December 2019, our Board approved a new share repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to one million shares of our common stock, as the prior repurchase plan authorized by our Board in 2013 was nearing completion. In accordance with, and as part of, these shares repurchase programs, our Board approved the adoption of several prearranged share repurchase plans intended to qualify for the safe harbor provided by Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“10b5-1 Plan” or “Plan”). During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, we repurchased 184,901 shares at an aggregate cost, inclusive of fees under the Plan, of $3.5 million. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, we repurchased 86,422 shares at an aggregate cost, inclusive of fees under the Plan, of $1.5 million. On a cumulative basis, since 2013 we have repurchased a total of 1,381,349 shares under the share repurchase programs at an aggregate cost, inclusive of fess under the Plan, of $20.7 million. All repurchases under the 10b5-1 Plans were administered through an independent broker.
14. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On July 31, 2024 (the “Fourth Amendment Date”), we entered into Amendment No. 4 to our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Fourth Amendment”) with MBT which amends the Company’s Amended Credit Agreement. The Fourth Amendment (i) provides for a new term loan, Term Loan C, in the amount of $5,000,000, (ii) uses the proceeds from Term Loan C to repay the entire $3,000,000 balance that was outstanding on the Fourth Amendment Date under the Amended Revolving Loan, and (iii) terminates the Supplemental Loan, under which no amounts had been drawn. Loan origination fees in the amount of $10,000 were paid to MBT in conjunction with Term Loan C.

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Our Chief Executive Officer (our principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (our principal financial officer and principal accounting officer) have concluded, based on their evaluation as of June 30, 2024, that the design and operation of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”)) were not effective at a reasonable assurance level to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports filed or submitted by us under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, including to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, and principal accounting officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework set forth in the 2013 Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in May 2013. Based on this evaluation, and as a result of the material weaknesses described below, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of June 30, 2024.
Our internal control over financial reporting is supported by written policies and procedures that:
(1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets;
(2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of our Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and
(3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risks that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
This Form 10-K does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the SEC that apply to certain smaller reporting companies that permit us to provide only management’s attestation in this annual report.
Material Weaknesses
A material weakness is described as a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of a company’s annual and interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
The Company did not maintain effective controls related to the existence of inventory. In connection with our year-end procedures, we performed a full physical inventory which contained errors. Although we successfully completed our physical inventory observation and recorded all errors identified, based on the material value of inventory we own, management determined that reliance on other compensating controls, including cycle counts and controls related to inventory receipts and issuances, was insufficient to ensure that there is not a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements would not be prevented or detected in a timely basis.
These material weaknesses did not result in any material misstatement in our financial statements or disclosures. Management has concluded that our consolidated financial statements included in this report present fairly, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented, in conformity with U.S. GAAP.
Remediation Measures
To address the material weakness related to controls over the existence of inventory, the Company will reinforce the following:
· Continue our robust cycle count process which we implemented in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024 for all of fiscal 2025
· Ensure adequate review and oversight of cycle count procedures and results
· Providing training related to standard operating procedures and internal controls to key stakeholders within the stockroom, material handling and operations teams.
Remediation Measures related to the Valuation and Disclosure of Investments
As previously disclosed, material weaknesses existed relating to the controls related to the valuation and disclosure of level 3 investments during fiscal 2023 and level 2 investments during the three months ended December 31, 2023. During fiscal 2024, we designed internal controls related to valuation and disclosure of level 3 financial instruments pursuant to the guidance in ASC Topic, Derivatives and Hedging, and determined that we did not hold any level 3 financial instruments as of June 30, 2024. These new internal controls will be applied to any future derivative or level 3 instrument that we receive. We also designed and implemented internal controls related to the review and approval of the valuation and disclosure of level 2 investments that were implemented during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Except as discussed above, during the quarter ended June 30, 2024, there were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Insider Trading Arrangements and Policies
During the quarter ended June 30, 2024, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement, which will be filed within 120 days of June 30, 2024, and delivered to shareholders in connection with our 2024 annual meeting of shareholders.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement, which will be filed within 120 days of June 30, 2024, and delivered to shareholders in connection with our 2024 annual meeting of shareholders.

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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement, which will be filed within 120 days of June 30, 2024, and delivered to shareholders in connection with our 2024 annual meeting of shareholders.

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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement, which will be filed within 120 days of June 30, 2024, and delivered to shareholders in connection with our 2024 annual meeting of shareholders.

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement, which will be filed within 120 days of June 30, 2024, and delivered to shareholders in connection with our 2024 annual meeting of shareholders.
PART IV

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
ITEM 15. EXHIBIT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules
(1) Financial Statements are listed in the index included under Item 8 of this Report.
(b) Exhibits
Exhibit
Filed or Furnished
Number
Exhibit Description
Form
Exhibit
Filing Date
Herewith
3.1
Articles of Incorporation
8-K
3.1
4/23/2007
3.2
Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation
8-K
3.1
12/5/2007
3.3
Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation
8-K
3.1
6/18/2010
3.4
Amended and Restated Bylaws, dated January 31, 2011
8-K
3.1
2/4/2011
4.1
Description of Company's Common Stock Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Act of 1934
X
10.1*
Second Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Option Plan
S-8
4.1
2/15/2012
10.2*
Amended and Restated 2004 Directors Stock Option Plan
S-8
4.2
2/15/2012
10.3*
Pro-Dex, Inc. 2016 Equity Incentive Plan
14A
Appendix A
10/17/2016
10.4*
Form of Indemnification Agreement for directors and certain officers
8-K
10.1
10/29/2008
10.5
Lease agreement with Irvine Business Properties, dated August 3, 2007
8-K
10.1
8/23/2007
10.6
First Amendment to Lease - July 2013 by and between Irvine Business Properties and Pro-Dex, Inc. dated effective July 1, 2013
8-K
10.1
7/17/2013
10.7*
Pro-Dex, Inc. Amended and Restated Employee Severance Policy effective as of September 16, 2016
10-Q
10.5
5/14/2015
10.8
Second Amended to Standard Industrial/Commercial Multi-Tenant Lease - Net by and between Irvine Business Properties and Pro-Dex, Inc., dated September 19, 2017
8-K
10.1
9/20/2017
Exhibit
Filed or Furnished
Number
Exhibit Description
Form
Exhibit
Filing Date
Herewith
10.9*
Form of Performance Award Agreement for Employees of Pro-Dex, Inc. - 2016 Equity Incentive Plan
8-K
10.1
12/8/2017
10.10
Credit Agreement, dated September 6, 2018 between Pro-Dex, Inc. and Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.1
9/7/2018
10.11
Security Agreement, dated September 6, 2018 by Pro-Dex, Inc. in favor of Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.2
9/7/2018
10.12
Term Note A, dated September 6, 2018 by Pro-Dex, Inc. in favor of Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.3
9/7/2018
10.13
Revolving Credit Note, dated September 6, 2018 by Pro-Dex, Inc. in favor of Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.4
9/7/2018
10.14
Change in Terms Agreement dated September 6, 2018 by Pro-Dex, Inc. in favor of Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.1
10/1/2019
10.15
Standard Offer, Agreement and Escrow Instructions for Purchase of Real Estate by and between Pro-Dex, Inc. and 14401 Franklin, LLC
8-K
10.1
9/8/2020
10.16
Loan Agreement dated November 6, 2020 made by and between PDEX Franklin LLC and Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.1
11/12/2020
10.17
Term Note dated November 6, 2020 made by PDEX Franklin LLC in favor of Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.2
11/12/2020
10.18
Deed of trust with Assignment of Leases and Rents, Security Agreement and Fixture Filing dated November 6, 2020 by and between PDEX Franklin LLC and Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.3
11/12/2020
10.19
Assignment of Leases and Rents dated November 6, 2020 by and between PDEX Franklin LLC and Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.4
11/12/2020
10.20
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated November 6, 2020 by and between Pro-Dex, Inc. and Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.5
11/12/2020
Exhibit
Filed or Furnished
Number
Exhibit Description
Form
Exhibit
Filing Date
Herewith
10.21
Amended and Restated Term Note A dated November 6, 2020 made by Pro-Dex, Inc. in favor of Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.6
11/12/2020
10.22
Term Note B dated November 6, 2020 made by Pro-Dex, Inc. in favor of Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.7
11/12/2020
10.23
Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement dated November 6, 2020 made by Pro-Dex, Inc. in favor of Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.8
11/12/2020
10.24*
Form of Stock Option Agreement for Directors and Employees of Pro-Dex, Inc. - 2016 Equity Incentive Plan
8-K
10.1
12/11/2020
10.25
At the Market Offering Agreement dated December 31, 2020, by and between Pro-Dex, Inc. and Ascendiant Capital Markets, LLC
8-K
10.1
12/31/2020
10.26
Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated November 5, 2021 by and between Pro-Dex, Inc. and Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.1
11/9/2021
10.27
Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Note dated November 5, 2021 made by Pro-Dex, Inc. in favor of Minnesota Bank & Trust
8-K
10.2
11/9/2021
10.28
Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated December 29,2022 by and between Pro-Dex, Inc. and Minnesota Bank & Trust, a division of HTLF Bank
8-K
10.1
1/5/2023
10.29
Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Note dated December 29, 2022made by Pro-Dex, Inc. in favor of Minnesota Bank & Trust, a division of HTLF Bank
8-K
10.2
1/5/2023
10.30
Supplemental Revolving Credit Note dated December 29, 2022 made by Pro-Dex, Inc. in favor of Minnesota Bank & Trust, a division of HTLF Bank
8-K
10.3
1/5/2023
10.31
Warrant to Purchase Stock dated December 20, 2018 made by Monogram Orthopaedics Inc. in favor of Pro-Dex, Inc.
10-K
10.31
10/13/2023
10.32
Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated December 29, 2023 by and between Pro-Dex, Inc. and Minnesota Bank & Trust, a division of HTLF Bank
8-K
10.1
1/3/2024
Exhibit
Filed or Furnished
Number
Exhibit Description
Form
Exhibit
Filing Date
Herewith
Subsidiaries
X
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
X
31.1
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
X
31.2
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
X
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
X
Pro-Dex, Inc. Compensation Recovery Policy adopted by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors on December 1, 2023.
X
101.INS
Inline XBRL Instance Document
X
101.SCH
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
X
101.CAL
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
X
101.DEF
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
X
101.LAB
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
X
101.PRE
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
X
Cover Page Interactive Date File
X
*
Denotes management contract or compensatory arrangement.