satoshi-2000/llms-suitable huggingface dataset:
Question: Calculating Collective Count of departments on individual dates from a given date range

I have the following table




Function
Department
Start Date
End Date




Const
Const 1
2023-03-01
2023-03-05


Const
Const 2
2023-03-02
2023-03-03


Mining
Mining 1
2023-03-02
2023-03-05


Mining
Mining 2
2023-03-01
2023-03-06


Const
Const 1
2023-03-03
2023-03-07


Const
Const 2
2023-03-02
2023-03-05


Mining
Mining 1
2023-03-06
2023-03-09


Mining
Mining 2
2023-03-05
2023-03-08




I want to get per date the total count in each department. Both start date and end date and included in counting.
It would be nice to have an intermediate output as follows




Function
Department
Date
Count




Const
Const1
2023-03-01
1


Const
Const1
2023-03-02
1


Const
Const1
2023-03-03
2


Const
Const1
2023-03-04
2


Const
Const1
2023-03-05
2


Const
Const1
2023-03-06
1


Const
Const1
2023-03-07
1


Const
Const1
2023-03-08
0


Const
Const1
2023-03-09
0


Const
Const1
2023-03-10
0


Const
Const2
2023-03-01
0


Const
Const2
2023-03-02
2


Const
Const2
2023-03-03
2


Const
Const2
2023-03-04
1


Const
Const2
2023-03-05
1


Const
Const2
2023-03-06
0


Const
Const2
2023-03-07
0


Const
Const2
2023-03-08
0


Const
Const2
2023-03-09
0


Const
Const2
2023-03-10
0


Mining
Mining 1
2023-03-01
0


Mining
Mining 1
2023-03-02
1


Mining
Mining 1
2023-03-03
1


Mining
Mining 1
2023-03-04
1


Mining
Mining 1
2023-03-05
1


Mining
Mining 1
2023-03-06
1


Mining
Mining 1
2023-03-07
1


Mining
Mining 1
2023-03-08
1


Mining
Mining 1
2023-03-09
1


Mining
Mining 1
2023-03-10
0


Mining
Mining 2
2023-03-01
1


Mining
Mining 2
2023-03-02
1


Mining
Mining 2
2023-03-03
1


Mining
Mining 2
2023-03-04
1


Mining
Mining 2
2023-03-05
2


Mining
Mining 2
2023-03-06
2


Mining
Mining 2
2023-03-07
1


Mining
Mining 2
2023-03-08
1


Mining
Mining 2
2023-03-09
0


Mining
Mining 2
2023-03-10
0




The desired final output is a pandas df as follows




Date
Const 1
Const 2
Mining 1
Mining 2




2023-03-01
1
0
0
1


2023-03-02
1
2
1
1


2023-03-03
2
2
1
1


2023-03-04
2
1
1
1


2023-03-05
2
1
1
2





Answer:
df['Start Date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['Start Date'])
df['End Date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['End Date'])

dates = pd.date_range(df['Start Date'].min(), df['End Date'].max()) #get the complete dates in data set
final_df = pd.DataFrame({'Date': dates})
final_df = final_df.set_index('Date')

departments = df['Department'].unique()

for department in departments:
    mask = (df['Department'] == department)
    department_counts = (df.loc[mask, 'Start Date'].value_counts() + df.loc[mask, 'End Date'].value_counts()).sort_index()
    final_df[department] = department_counts

final_df = final_df.fillna(0)
Question: Why are the fitting results of the Arima() and glm() function different?

I am confused about the difference in the fitting results of the Arima() function and glm() function.
I want to fit an AR(1) model with an exogeneous variable. Here is the equation:
$$
x_{t} = \alpha_{0} + \alpha_{1}x_{t-1} + \beta_{1}z_{t} + \epsilon_{t}
$$

Now I estimate this model using the Arima() function and glm() function and compare the results, but the results turned out to be quite different!
Here is the sample data. x denotes the time-series variable, and z denotes the exogeneous variable, as shown in the equation above.
library(forecast)
library(tidyverse)
data("Nile")
df <- 
  Nile %>% 
  as_tibble() %>% 
  mutate(x = as.numeric(x)) %>% 
  mutate(z = rnorm(100))

Then fit the model using the Arima() and glm() and compare the results.
fit_arima <- Arima(df$x, order = c(1, 0, 0), include.mean = TRUE, xreg = df$z)
tibble(Parameters = c("x lag", "intercept", "z"),
       Coefficients = coef(fit_arima),
       Standard_Errors = sqrt(diag(vcov(fit_arima))))  
fit_glm <- glm(df$x ~ lag(df$x) + df$z) 
tibble(Parameters = c("intercept", "x lag", "z"),
       Coefficients = coef(fit_glm),
       Standard_Errors = summary(fit_glm)$coefficients[, "Std. Error"])

The results are displayed as follows.
Arima() function:
# A tibble: 3 × 3
  Parameters Coefficients Standard_Errors
  <chr>             <dbl>           <dbl>
1 x lag             0.510          0.0868
2 intercept       920.            29.4   
3 z                 5.02          12.1    

glm() function:
# A tibble: 3 × 3
  Parameters Coefficients Standard_Errors
  <chr>             <dbl>           <dbl>
1 intercept       444.            83.4   
2 x lag             0.516          0.0896
3 z                 8.95          13.9 

The estimated coefficient and standard error of x lag are quite close, but the values of other two variables are very different. I find this puzzling because both the Arima() and glm() function use the maximum likelihood estimator. Could you please explain why this difference happens and how can I fix this?


Answer:
First, Arima() does not fit the model given in your equation. It fits a regression with ARIMA errors like this:
x_{t} = \alpha_{0} + \beta_{1}z_{t} + \eta_{t}

where
\eta_t = \phi_{1}\eta_{t-1}+\varepsilon_{t}.

We can rearrange this to give
x_{t} = (1-\phi_{1})\alpha_{0} + \phi_{1}x_{t-1} + \beta_{1}z_{t} - \beta_{1}\phi_{1}z_{t-1} + \varepsilon_{t}

This explains the major differences in the two results.
But even if you specified exactly the same model, they would give slightly different results because Arima() uses the true likelihood whereas glm() will use a conditional likelihood because of the initial missing value due to the lag() function.
See https://robjhyndman.com/hyndsight/arimax/ for a discussion of the different model specifications.
Question: Why am I getting a syntax error when using modulo on floats in my fragment shader?

I'm new to using the fragment shader. Why does my code raise a syntax error? I can't understand why it doesn't work. This is the piece of code that raises the error:
if ((int) pos.y % 9 == 1) shade = 1;

Both pos.y and shade are floats. I've put (int) before pos.y so that I could use modulo on it. The error message says this:
ERROR: 0:17: ')' : syntax error syntax error

I'm taking the error to mean I have too many or to few brackets, but I checked that and my code seems fine. Why is there an error, and what can I do to solve it?


Answer:
GLSL is not C. As stated in the GLSL specification:

There is no typecast operator; constructors are used instead.

As such, (int) is not a thing in GLSL. If you want to convert some float to an int, you use constructor syntax: int(pos.y).
Question: How to find a specific class that contains another class?

I have the following code:
<div class="accordion mobile ui-accordion ui-widget ui-helper-reset" role="tablist">
    <h3 class="accord-**19** **ui-state-active**"><span class="ui-accordion-header-icon ui-icon ui-icon-triangle-1-s">Title 1</h3>
        <div style="" class="ui-accordion-content ui-corner-bottom ui-helper-reset ui-widget-content ui-accordion-content-active" id="ui-id-2" aria-labelledby="ui-id-1" role="tabpanel" aria-hidden="false">
            Content for title 1
        </div>
        <h3 class="accord-41">Title 2</h3>
        <div style="display: none;" class="ui-accordion-content ui-corner-bottom ui-helper-reset ui-widget-content" id="ui-id-4" aria-labelledby="ui-id-3" role="tabpanel" aria-hidden="true">
            Content for title 2
        </div>
        <h3 class="accord-47">Title 3</h3>
        <div style="display: none;" class="ui-accordion-content ui-corner-bottom ui-helper-reset ui-widget-content" id="ui-id-6" aria-labelledby="ui-id-5" role="tabpanel" aria-hidden="true">
            Content for title 3
        </div>        
</div>

What I am trying to do is:

Get the h3 tag that contains the class ui-state-active
and then
Get the unique id  (in this example, 19) that comes after the class name that starts with "accord-".

Note, the above is churned out by a plugin I am using, which means I cannot set and "id" tag for h3 to be unique.
I have tried:
var classname = $("div.accordion h3.ui-state-active").find('class^="accord-"');
To get the name of the class, before I substring it.
However, this doesn't work.


Answer:
When you tried to retrieve the class name .find  was not the correct way to do it. To find the attributes of an element you should use .attr, and then specify .attr("class") to find classes. Then from there use regex to find the correct accord-id.
var classname = $("div.accordion h3.ui-state-active").attr("class");
var id = classname.match(/accord-(\d+)/)[0];
Question: Show Tool Tip When a certain Button is Held down & Removetool Tip when button is Released / Up

need help creating an example script of tool tip
Scenario : when i held down / press down CTRL a tooltip will appear , the tooltip will only dissappear if

the CTRL modifier is released
when CTRL key is held down then ANY KEYS is triggered / combine ( ex. Ctrl + A B C so forth ) or any modifier keys like ( Ctrl + SHIFT  ) ( ctrl + alt ) ( ctrl + alt + shift ) so forth

thank you


Answer:
~LControl::
    ToolTip, LControl,,, 1
    SetTimer RemoveTooltip1, 50
return

~LControl Up:: 
    SetTimer RemoveTooltip1, off
    ToolTip,,,, 1
return

RemoveTooltip1:
    If (A_PriorKey != "LControl")
        ToolTip,,,, 1
return

For all modifier keys:
; List of keys to bind
keys := "LControl,RControl,LShift,RShift,LAlt,RAlt,LWin,RWin"

; bind the keys to keypress_handler
Loop, parse, keys, `,
{
    hotkey, ~%A_Loopfield%, keypress_handler1
    hotkey, ~%A_Loopfield% Up, keypress_handler2
}

keypress_handler1:
    ThisKeyLabel := StrReplace(A_ThisHotkey, "~")
    ToolTip, %ThisKeyLabel%,,, 1
    SetTimer RemoveTooltip1, 50
return

keypress_handler2:
    SetTimer RemoveTooltip1, off
    ToolTip,,,, 1
return

RemoveTooltip1:
    ThisKeyLabel := StrReplace(A_ThisHotkey, "~")
    If (A_PriorKey != ThisKeyLabel)
        ToolTip,,,, 1
return
Question: Is it possible to replace a word used within an argument to a preprocessor macro?

Say I have a macro:
#define SUBST(MAGIC, ...) __VA_ARGS__  /* this won't work*/

And I want to call it like:
SUBST(int, MAGIC a = 1);

// expected output:
int a = 1;

Is there some set of wild indirections and expansions that I can use to force the expansion of MAGIC within the second argument with a value which depends on the call to the macro?
This comes up when the other arguments come from another layer and the SUBST macro is repeated many times with different values of MAGIC.
For example:
#define WRAP(function, MAGIC, stuff, ...) \
  void function(__VA_ARGS__) { stuff };
#define SUPERWRAP(function, stuff, ...) \
    WRAP(function, uint8_t, stuff##_u8, __VA_ARGS__) \
    WRAP(function, uint16_t, stuff##_u16, __VA_ARGS__)

SUPERWRAP(example, EXAMPLE_IMPL, template_t<MAGIC>, int)

Which cannot be solved in templates because:
#define WRAP(function, stuff, ...) \
  template<class MAGIC>
  int function(__VA_ARGS__) { stuff }
WRAP(example, /*...*/, template_t<MAGIC>, int)

doesn't allow for specialised implementaion, and and taking the type as a templatea argument in the specialisation is a partial specialisation which is also illegal.


Answer:

Is it possible to replace a word used within an argument to a preprocessor macro?

No, it is not possible to replace a word used within an argument to a preprocessor macro.

SUBST(int, MAGIC a = 1);
// expected output:
int a = 1;


That is not possible.

Is there some set of wild indirections and expansions that I can use to force the expansion of MAGIC within the second argument with a value which depends on the call to the macro?

No.

For example: #define WRAP(function, MAGIC, stuff, ...) \

Using C macros to generate function definition results in hard to read, maintain and debug code that no one is ever able to fix or do anything with later. Consider writing the stuff that you want line by line.
You could consider using a better preprocessor, like jinja2, m4 or php.
Question: Add namespace Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Mime to project?

Sorry as I know I must sound stupid here but how do I add/import a namespace to my project? Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Mime is what i need but I cannot find the way to add in visual studio?
Thanks


Answer:
You have to install the 'Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Common' nuget package first. Then try to import it into your file. I would suggest using MimeKit, which is a more sophisticated Mime tool for .NET.
Question: Wrapping text around a box in the corner but keep scroll possibility

I have some text which should wrap around a toolbox in the top right corner.
The total height should be limited, therefore the text should be scroll-able.
The corner box should stay in the corner, not scrolling with the text.
How can I achieve this?
I have a box and some text, but when adding overflow-y: scroll it will break like this:


.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 40px;
  float: right;
  clear: both;
}

#blue {
  background-color: blue;
}

#text {
  height: 120px;
  overflow-y: scroll;
}
<div id='blue' class='box'></div>
<div id='text'>
  Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor
  in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit,
  sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore
  eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
</div>





Answer:
You can add a div as a parent for the box and text and set the blue box position to sticky position: sticky;
I hope This is what you want


.box {
    width:100px;
    height:40px;
    float:right;
    clear: both;
}

#blue {
    background-color:blue;
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
}

#text {
}
.container{
 height: 120px;
    overflow-y: auto;
}
<div class="container">
 <div id='blue' class='box'></div>
  <div id='text'>
    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
  </div>
</div>
Question: Convert to ISO time format in Angular using moment.js

I'm trying to format date in this below format

20230201T103000Z

i tried this method in angular
moment(utctime).format('YYYYMMDDTHHmmsssZ')

this is returning following date format
20230523T1900000+05:30



Answer:
'Z' is a token witch will show time zone. You can add your 'Z' as part of string
https://momentjs.com/docs/#/displaying/format/
console.log(moment().format('YYYYMMDDTHHmmss') + 'Z');

The second option is Escaping characters using []
console.log(moment().format('YYYYMMDDTHHmmss[Z]'));
Question: SQL MAX mixes up lines

I have a little table where i like to get the latest content for each groupId.
This is the Table with my data:

This is my try to get it.
SELECT *, MAX(highest_datetime.creattionDate)
FROM highest_datetime
GROUP BY highest_datetime.groupId;


The MAX(highest_datetime.creattionDate) includes the latest content witch is a success. 
But the complete rest of the line does not match the MAX(highest_datetime.creattionDate). 
The rest of the row got mixed up.
How do i prevent this?
Do i use it wrong?
here is the data for the Database so you can create it yourself:
CREATE TABLE `test`.`highest_datetime` (
  `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `groupId` INT NOT NULL,
  `creationDate` DATETIME NOT NULL,
  `Content` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  INDEX (`groupId`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB;




INSERT INTO `test`.`highest_datetime` (`groupId`, `creationDate`, `Content`)
VALUES
(1, '2023-05-02 00:00:00', 'Newest content'),
(1, '2023-01-01 00:00:00', 'Middle Content'),
(2, '2023-03-01 00:00:00', 'Middle Content'),
(2, '2022-11-01 00:00:00', 'Old Content'),
(2, '2023-06-01 00:00:00', 'New Content'),
(1, '2022-11-20 00:00:00', 'Old Content'),
(2, '2024-11-01 00:00:00', 'Future Content');



Answer:
You are probably running MySQL in its notorious cheat mode, i.e. you haven't SET sql_mode = 'ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY', and the DBMS allows invalid aggregation queries.
You have:
SELECT *, MAX(highest_datetime.creationDate)
FROM highest_datetime
GROUP BY highest_datetime.groupId;

So you want one result row per groupid, with the maximum creation date. You also want all columns, but you don't tell the DBMS from which row. For example you select the content, but which? The first in alhabet or the last? You don't state this, and so this query is invalid.
This would raise an error in about every DBMS. In MySQL's old cheat mode however, the DBMS silently applies ANY_VALUE on all non-aggregated columns. In other words it picks the content and other columns from arbitrary rows.
What you want instead is to get the rows with the maximum creation dates for their group. One way to do this:
SELECT id, groupid, creationdate, content
FROM highest_datetime
WHERE (groupid, creationdate) IN
(
  SELECT groupid, MAX(creationdate)
  FROM highest_datetime
  GROUP BY groupid
);

Another approach:
SELECT id, groupid, creationdate, content
FROM
(
  SELECT *, MAX(creationdate) OVER (PARTITION BY groupid) as max_grp_date
  FROM highest_datetime
) with_max_date
WHERE creationdate = max_grp_date;

Add an ORDER BY clause to the queries, if you want your result rows in a particular order.
Demo: https://dbfiddle.uk/FzP5oloZ
Question: How do I add multiple lines of text to tabs in Swift Playgrounds?

My app in Swift Playgrounds has tabs. I want to add multiple lines of text to one tab, but I don’t know how. I can’t find an answer anywhere.
 Text("Developer").tabItem { Text("Settings").tag(5)
                                        VStack {
                                            Image(systemName: "gear")
                                                .font(.title)
                                            Text("Settings")
                                        }
                                    }

I tried it the normal way, but it just spaced out the specific tab more than all of the other tabs.


Answer:
I think you need to specify the text you would like to add, and where you would like to add it. This can work to add more text within the main content area of the tab:
TabView {
    VStack {
        Text("Line 1")
        Text("Line 2")
        Text("Line 3")
    }
    .tabItem {
        VStack {
            Image(systemName: "gear")
                .font(.title)
            Text("Settings")
        }
    }
    .tag(5)

    // ... other tabs ...
}
Question: Cast lambda expression to class object whose constructor accept that lambda (Brief lambda)

I am figuring out a way to program a kinda of FunctionalInterface - Java's similar ones - in C++ (although it already provides these features).
I am practicing with Predicate for the moment. Actually I have already done it:
namespace _utils{

    namespace _functional{

        template <typename T>
        class Predicate: public FunctionalI{
            protected:
                std::function<bool(T)> predicate;

            public:
                Predicate(std::function<bool(T)> predicate){
                    this->predicate = predicate;
                }

                inline bool test(T t){
                    return this->predicate(t);
                }
        };
    }
}

And this is main.cpp:
bool foo(_functional::Predicate<int> predicate){
    return predicate.test(2);
}

int main(){
    _functional::Predicate<int> tmp = _functional::Predicate<int>([] (int x) ->  bool{ return x == 2; });

    std::cout << foo(tmp);

    return 0;
}

Now, of course it works!
My question is about how could I make a brief of that lambda expression? I mean, is there any way to pass "directly" the lambda expression (without give it to the Predicate constructor) and then let it construct the Predicate object with right that lambda expression.
I have taken a look at using aliasing and even at functor with operator(), but they did not helped me (maybe I have not been able to do it)
An example of main.cpp which I wish to reach:
bool foo(_functional::Predicate<int> predicate){
    return predicate.test(2);
}

int main(){
    // To much stuff to write
    //std::cout<<foo(_functional::Predicate<int>( [] (int x) -> bool{ return x == 2; } ));

    //What I whish to reach
    foo([] (int x) -> bool{return x == 2;} );

    return 0;
}

Another question to make a brief of lambda expr is: is there a way to make implicit the return type of lambda and even the keyword return?


Answer:
The problem with foo( [] (int x) -> bool{return x == 2;} ); is that it tries to perform two implicit conversions (lambda to std::function and std::function to Predicate). C++ doesn't allow you to do that. Instead, you can state explicitly that you are initialising Predicate by adding braces:
foo( { [] (int x) -> bool{return x == 2;} } );
//   ^ initialise Predicate object        ^

Or create a template constructor as suggested in comments:
class Predicate : public FunctionalI {
protected:
    std::function<bool(T)> predicate;

public:
    template <typename PredType>
    Predicate(PredType predicate) : predicate{ std::move(predicate) }
    {
        // use member init list instead of reassigning object in constructor
    }
    // ...
};