Question: What 9th-century German composer conceived and promoted the idea of a special festival to showcase his own works, in particular his monumental cycle that is an opera in three acts that is loosely based on "Parzival" by Wolfram von Eschenbach?

Context articles: Zazamanc
Gottfried von Strassburg
Parsifal
Kyot
Bayreuth Festival
Lohengrin
Gahmuret
Feirefiz
Parzival
Lohengrin (opera)

Zazamanc is the name of a legendary African or Arabian country mentioned in Wolfram von Eschenbach's epic poem "Parzival".
 As a story embedded in Wolfram's poem, Zazamanc is generally seen as a myth created by Wolfram.
 However, Zazamanc is also mentioned in the Nibelungenlied.
Gottfried von Strassburg (died c. 1210) is the author of the Middle High German courtly romance "Tristan", an adaptation of the 12th-century "Tristan and Iseult" legend.
 Gottfried's work is regarded, alongside Wolfram von Eschenbach's "Parzival" and the "Nibelungenlied", as one of the great narrative masterpieces of the German Middle Ages.
 He is probably also the composer of a small number of surviving lyrics.
 His work became a source of inspiration for Richard Wagner's opera "Tristan und Isolde" (1865).
Parsifal (WWV 111) is an opera in three acts by German composer Richard Wagner.
 It is loosely based on "Parzival" by Wolfram von Eschenbach, a 13th-century epic poem of the Arthurian knight Parzival (Percival) and his quest for the Holy Grail (12th century).
Kyot the Provençal was the French poet who supplied Wolfram von Eschenbach with the source for his poetic epic "Parzival", according to Wolfram.
 Wolfram may have been referring to the northern French poet Guiot de Provins, but this identification has proven unsatisfactory.
 Many or most scholars believe Kyot was an invention, and that Wolfram's true sources were Chrétien de Troyes' "Perceval, the Story of the Grail" and his own abundant creativity.
The Bayreuth Festival (German: Bayreuther Festspiele ) is a music festival held annually in Bayreuth, Germany, at which performances of operas by the 19th-century German composer Richard Wagner are presented.
 Wagner himself conceived and promoted the idea of a special festival to showcase his own works, in particular his monumental cycle "Der Ring des Nibelungen " and "Parsifal".
Lohengrin is a character in German Arthurian literature.
 The son of Parzival (Percival), he is a knight of the Holy Grail sent in a boat pulled by swans to rescue a maiden who can never ask his identity.
 His story, which first appears in Wolfram von Eschenbach's "Parzival", is a version of the Knight of the Swan legend known from a variety of medieval sources.
 Wolfram's story was expanded in two later romances.
 Richard Wagner's opera "Lohengrin" of 1848 is based upon the legend.
Gahmuret (per.
-fr.
 "Gham-amoureux", "sorrow-in love"; or it.
-fr.
 "gambe-amoureux", "legs-in love") was the fictional French king of Anjou and Zazamanc and the hero of the first two books of Wolfram von Eschenbach's epic poem, "Parzival".
 Husband of Belacane and Herzeloyde, father of Parzival and Feirefiz, and son of Gandin, Gahmuret is renowned for his skill in battle, his virtuous character, his wanderlust (his symbol is the anchor, and he twice abandons his wives, children, and kingdoms), and is most famous for the achievements of his remarkable children.
Feirefiz is a character in Wolfram von Eschenbach's Arthurian poem "Parzival".
 He is the half-brother of Parzival, the story's hero.
 He is the child of their father Gahmuret's first marriage to the Moorish queen Belacane, and equals his brother in knightly ability.
 Because his father was white and his mother black, Feirefiz's skin consists of black and white patches.
 His appearance is compared to that of a magpie or a parchment with writing on it, though he is considered very handsome.
Parzival is a medieval German romance written by the poet Wolfram von Eschenbach in Middle High German.
 The poem, commonly dated to the first quarter of the 13th century, centers on the Arthurian hero Parzival (Percival in English) and his long quest for the Holy Grail following his initial failure to achieve it.
Lohengrin, WWV 75, is a Romantic opera in three acts composed and written by Richard Wagner, first performed in 1850.
 The story of the eponymous character is taken from medieval German romance, notably the "Parzival" of Wolfram von Eschenbach and its sequel, "Lohengrin", written by a different author, itself inspired by the epic of "Garin le Loherain".
 It is part of the Knight of the Swan tradition.