Question: Berkhamsted Place was built using stones removed from a castle that was expanded in mid-12 century by who ?

Context articles: Medfield State Hospital
Old Scots Burial Ground
Piel Castle
Lithomancy
Berkhamsted Place
Berkhamsted Castle
Thirlwall Castle
Motta Navas
Findochty
Korean fortress

Medfield State Hospital, originally the Medfield Insane Asylum, is a historic former psychiatric hospital complex at 45 Hospital Road in Medfield, Massachusetts.
 The asylum was established in 1892 as the state's first facility for dealing with chronic mental patients.
 The college-like campus was designed by William Pitt Wentworth and developed between 1896 and 1914.
 After an era dominated by asylums built using the Kirkbride Plan, Medfield Insane Asylum was the first asylum built using the new Cottage Plan layout.
 It was formally renamed "Medfield State Hospital" in 1914.
The Old Scots Burying Ground is located in the Wickatunk section of Marlboro Township, in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States.
 The cemetery rise is on Gordon's Corner Road, just west of Wyncrest Road.
 The cemetery is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
 The Old Scots Burying Ground is about an acre in size, about 195 feet above sea level and dates back to 1685.
 The total number of burials at the cemetery is not precisely known, suggested by Symms, "There are a large number of graves in Old Scots yard without any inscribed stones".
 Some reports place the number as at least 100 known graves with most headstones of brown sandstone.
 However, more recent research using ground penetrating radar reported by the Old Tennent Church in 2001 has put the number of confirmed sites at about 122 graves with a possible 140 more unmarked; placing the number at about 262 total graves in the cemetery.
 In 1945, in an attempt to clean out the site of vegetation and over-growth, a bulldozer was used on the property and as a result some headstones were dislodged and broken stones removed.
 The defining structure in the cemetery is a tall monument to Rev. John Boyd, created by the J&R Lamb Company.
 Built to commemorate the first recorded Presbyterian ordination of Rev. John Boyd.
 The monument is currently owned by the Synod of the Northeast who holds the property deed but it is maintained by the Old Tennent Church.
 The last identified burial at Old Scots Burial Ground was in 1977.
Piel Castle, also known as Fouldry Castle or the Pile of Fouldray, is a castle situated on the south-eastern point of Piel Island, off the coast of the Furness Peninsula in north-west England.
 Built in the early-14th century by John Cockerham, the Abbot of neighbouring Furness Abbey, it was intended to oversea the trade through the local harbour and to protect against Scottish raids.
 The castle was built using stones from the local beach, and featured a large keep with surrounding inner and outer baileys.
 It was used as a base by the Yorkist pretender Lambert Simnel in 1487, but by 1534 it had fallen into ruin and passed into the hands of the Crown.
 Sea erosion began to cause significant damage to the castle in the early 19th century.
 In the 1870s the castle's owner, the Duke of Buccleuch, carried out extensive restoration work and erected outworks to protect it against further damage from the sea.
 In 1920 the castle was given to the town of Barrow-in-Furness and is now in the care of English Heritage.
Lithomancy is a form of divination by which the future is told using stones or the reflected light from said stones.
 The practice is most popular in the British Isles.
Berkhamsted Place was an English country house which was erected sometime around 1580 in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, England.
 It was built by Sir Edward Carey, the keeper of the Jewels to Queen Elizabeth I from stones removed from Berkhamsted Castle.
 Several notable residents of Berkhamsted lived in the house and over the years its owners welcomed guests such as King Charles I and William Gladstone.
Berkhamsted Castle is a Norman motte-and-bailey castle in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire.
 The castle was built to obtain control of a key route between London and the Midlands during the Norman conquest of England in the 11th century.
 Robert of Mortain, William the Conqueror's half brother, was probably responsible for managing its construction, after which he became the castle's owner.
 The castle was surrounded by protective earthworks and a deer park for hunting.
 The castle became a new administrative centre of the former Anglo-Saxon settlement of Berkhamsted.
 Subsequent kings granted the castle to their chancellors.
 The castle was substantially expanded in the mid-12th century, probably by Thomas Becket.
Thirlwall Castle is a 12th-century castle in Northumberland, England, on the bank of the River Tipalt close to the village of Greenhead and approximately 20 mi west of Hexham.
 It was built in the 12th century, and later strengthened using stones from nearby Hadrian's Wall, but began to fall into disrepair in the 17th century.
 The site is protected by Grade I listed building and Scheduled Ancient Monument status.
Motta Navas (born 1966) is a psychopathic serial killer who operated in the city of Kollam, Kerala, India between June and August 2012.
 Pavement dwellers were bludgeoned to death while they slept.
 All the murders took place at night and were committed by using stones or hard, blunt objects.
Findochty (pronounced ), Scots: "Finichty" , Scottish Gaelic: "Am Fionn Ochdamh" ) is a village in Moray, Scotland on the shores of the Moray Firth; historically it was part of Banffshire.
 The Gaelic name of the village was recorded by Diack using his own transcription method as "fanna-guchti", which is of unclear meaning.
 One of the earliest references to Findochty is in 1440, when the King granted Findachtifeild to John Dufe, son of John Dufe.
 The lands passed from the Duffs to the Ogilvies of Findlater and subsequently, in 1568, the Ord family acquired the manor, port, custom and fishers' lands of Findochty, and later built the House of Findochty, known as Findochty Castle, now a ruin, which stands to the west of the village.
 In 1716 the Ords brought 13 men and 4 boys from Fraserburgh under contract to fish from Findochty, and for a time the harbour was busy with landings of herring and white fish.
 Findochty expanded as a fishing port through the 1700s and 1800s, and by 1850 was home to 140 fishing boats.
 But the expansion in the late 1800s of nearby Buckie provided a better harbour, and some of the fishing fleet had left Findochty by 1890.
 Findochty harbour is now used mostly by pleasure craft and is a good sun spot when the tide is out.
 A local artist, Correna Cowie created a statue in 1959 of a seated fisherman, known as The Mannie, who watches over the harbour.
Koreans developed a unique and distinct fortress tradition.
 There are numerous types of Korean fortresses, including "sanseong" (mountain fortress), "eupseong" (city fortress), "pyeongjiseong", "gwanseong", "jangseong", "chaekseong", and more.
 Korean fortresses were based on a stone culture and built using stones, and often incorporated natural mountainous terrain, and therefore were conceptually completely different compared to Chinese fortresses, which were based on an earth culture and built using bricks from earth.
 Korean fortresses were invented by Goguryeo and spread to Baekje and Silla, and then inherited and further developed by Goryeo and then Joseon.
 Korea, especially Goguryeo, has often been called the "country of (mountain) fortresses"; almost 2,400 mountain fortress sites have been found in Korea.