sastpg/aaai27-hotpotqa-fullwiki-original huggingface dataset:
Question: Are Darwinia citriodora and Chionochloa both endemic to western Australia?

Context articles: Darwinia citriodora
Darwinia virescens
Darwinia oldfieldii
Darwinia vestita
Chionochloa
Darwinia masonii
Darwinia purpurea
Darwinia apiculata
Darwinia capitellata
Darwinia carnea

Darwinia citriodora, commonly known as lemon-scented darwinia or lemon scented myrtle, is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.
 It is a shrub with oblong to lance-shaped leaves and red, yellow and orange flowers over an extended period.
 It is a hardy plant in well-drained soil, is often cultivated and used as a rootstock for less hardy species.
Darwinia virescens, commonly known as the Murchison Darwinia, is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and which is endemic to a small area on the west coast of Western Australia near Geraldton.
Darwinia oldfieldii, commonly known as Oldfield's darwinia, is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to Western Australia.
Darwinia vestita, commonly known as the pom-pom darwinia, is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to Western Australia.
Chionochloa is a genus of tussock grass in the "grass family", found primarily in New Zealand with one known species in New Guinea and another on Lord Howe Island (part of Australia).
 Some of the species are referred to as snowgrass.
Darwinia masonii, commonly known as Mason's darwinia, is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to Western Australia.
Darwinia purpurea, commonly known as the rose darwinia, is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to Western Australia.
Darwinia apiculata, commonly known as the scarp darwinia, is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to a small area in Western Australia.
 It is a rounded, densely branched, small shrub with thin red branches and scattered small leaves.
 The flowers are arranged in small groups on the ends of the branches, their most obvious feature being long, red, pointed bracts surrounding each flower and a longer red style with scattered hairs near its tip.
Darwinia capitellata is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.
 It is a bushy, many-branched shrub, very similar to "Darwinia diosmoides" but differs in the arrangement of its flowers, its more branched habit, prominent oil glands on the younger stems and its thinner, paper-like bracteoles.
 It was first discovered as a separate species when specimens of it were found to have a larger chromosome number than specimens of "D. diosmoides".
Darwinia carnea, commonly known as Mogumber bell or Narrogin bell is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.
 It is a small shrub with narrow, keeled leaves and flowers in groups of about eight, surrounded by yellowish-green to pinkish-red bracteoles.
 It occurs in small, isolated populations near the towns which contribute to its common names.
 It is the only "bell-flowered" "Darwinia" to not grow in the Stirling Range National Park.
Question: What Lieutenant-Colonel hosted the British lifestyle show The Hungry Sailors?

Context articles: The Hungry Sailors
Weekend Kitchen with Waitrose
Saturday Cookbook
Studio One (TV show)
Dick Strawbridge
Saturday Farm
Erotica UK
What's Cooking? (TV series)
Sunday Scoop
PMPC Star Award for Best Lifestyle Show

The Hungry Sailors was a British lifestyle show produced by Denhams TV.
 It aired on ITV from 2011 to 2013 and was hosted by the father and son team of Dick and James Strawbridge.
Weekend Kitchen with Waitrose is a British lifestyle show that has aired on Channel 4 since 26 April and is hosted by Lisa Snowdon and Steve Jones.
 Angellica Bell filled in for Snowdon for one episode on 21 June 2014.
Saturday Cookbook was a British lifestyle show that aired on ITV from 4 April to 1 September 2012 and was presented by Nadia Sawalha and Mark Sargeant.
Studio One is a live daily English-language lifestyle show broadcast on Dubai One in 16 countries in the Middle East and North Africa.
 Created by the same team that produced Dubai One's popular weekly show Ask One, Studio One is known for its eclectic mix of lifestyle features and celebrity interviews, interactivity and is primarily aimed at women and families.
 Season One was hosted by Tom Urquhart and Saba Wahid.
 At the end of the first season Saba left the show and was replaced by former show reporter Aishwarya
Lieutenant-Colonel Richard Francis "Dick" Strawbridge, MBE (born 3 September 1959), is a British engineer, television presenter and environmentalist.
 He is often referred to as "Colonel Dick".
Saturday Farm was a British lifestyle show that aired on ITV from 20 April to 7 September 2013 and was presented by James Strawbridge and Dick Strawbridge.
Erotica was an adult, consumer exhibition held each November at Olympia, London, UK.
 A mainstream ‘lifestyle show’ aimed primarily at women and couples, visitors were encouraged to celebrate or re-kindle their relationships with goods and services aimed to enhance their love lives.
 Erotica's organisers claim that it is now the world's largest lifestyle show "for freethinking adults who are comfortable with their sexuality".
 Erotica cancelled its 2014 show and has since shut its doors
What's Cooking?
 was a British lifestyle show that aired on Channel 4 from 25 February to 24 May 2013 and was hosted by Ben Shephard and Lisa Faulkner.
Sunday Scoop was a British lifestyle show that aired on ITV from 27 October to 29 December 2013 and was hosted by Nadia Sawalha and Kaye Adams.
 Peter Andre, Richard Bacon and Jeff Brazier also starred as the third presenter in the series.
The PMPC Star Award for Best Lifestyle Show is given to the best television lifestyle programming of the year and also lifestyle show hosts.
Question: Tetsuo Nagata was the Director of Photography for which 2007 French biographical film?

Context articles: Victor Young Perez
Camille Claudel 1915
The Officers' Ward (film)
George Who?
Sagan (film)
Tetsuo Nagata
Lautrec (film)
Marie's Story
La Vie en rose (film)
The Conquest (2011 film)

Victor "Young" Perez is a 2013 French biographical film.
 film directed by Jacques Ouaniche, written by Jacques Ouaniche and Yoni Darmon.
Camille Claudel 1915 is a 2013 French biographical film written and directed by Bruno Dumont.
 The film premiered in competition at the 63rd Berlin International Film Festival.
The Officers' Ward (French: La Chambre des officiers ), is a 2001 French film, directed by François Dupeyron and starring Eric Caravaca as the central character.
 It was based on the novel by Marc Dugain, which in turn was based on the experiences of one of the author's own ancestors during World War I.
 The film received nine nominations at the 27th César Awards, winning Best Supporting Actor for André Dussollier and Best Cinematography for Tetsuo Nagata.
George Who?
 (French: George qui?)
 is a 1973 French biographical film directed by Michèle Rosier and starring Anne Wiazemsky, Alain Libolt and Denis Gunsbourg.
 The film depitcs the life of the French author George Sand.
Sagan is a 2008 French biographical film, directed by Diane Kurys, starring Sylvie Testud as French author Françoise Sagan and Pierre Palmade as a dancer and a society man, Jacques Chazot, who was very well known in France.
 The film starts in the mid-1950s as Sagan (then still known under her real name Quoirez) closes a publishing deal for her controversial debut novel "Bonjour Tristesse".
Tetsuo Nagata (永田 鉄男 , Nagata Tetsuo , born 1952 in Nakano, Nagano, Japan) is a Japanese cinematographer based in France.
 He was the Director of Photography for numerous films, including "Narco", "Paris, je t'aime" and "La Vie En Rose"
Lautrec is a 1998 French biographical film about the painter Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec.
Marie’s Story (French: Marie Heurtin ) is a 2014 French biographical film directed by Jean-Pierre Améris and written by Améris and Philippe Blasband.
 It is based on the true story of Marie Heurtin (1885-1921)—a girl who was born deaf and blind in late 19th century France.
 The film won the Variety Piazza Grande Award at the 67th Locarno International Film Festival.
La Vie en Rose (] ; French: La Môme ) is a 2007 French biographical musical film about the life of French singer Édith Piaf.
 The film was co-written and directed by Olivier Dahan, and starred Marion Cotillard as Piaf.
 The U.S. and U.K. title "La Vie en Rose" comes from Piaf's signature song.
The Conquest or La conquête is a 2011 French Biographical film on Nicolas Sarkozy directed by Xavier Durringer.
Question: To which taxonomic category do both Alchemilla and Gentiana belong?

Context articles: Aptera
Sigmurethra
Helleborine
Cladorhiza inversa
Cladorhiza segonzaci
Gentiana
Gammaridae
Alchemilla
Heterostropha
Eogastropoda

Aptera is an obsolete taxonomic category, which included the Apterygota along with various other wingless arthropods.
Sigmurethra is a taxonomic category of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs.
 This is an informal group which includes the majority of land snails and slugs.
Helleborine is the common name for a number of species of orchid.
 It does not correspond to any currently used taxonomic category.
 Some of the plants called helleborines are classified in the genus "Epipactis", some in genus "Cephalanthera".
 A genus "Helleborine" was formerly recognised but has now been absorbed into the Grass pink genus "Calapogon".
Cladorhiza inversa is a species of sponge in the taxonomic category of Demospongiae.
 The body of the sponge consists of a spicule and fibers and is water absorbent.
Cladorhiza segonzaci is a species of sponge in the taxonomic category of Demospongiae.
 The body of the sponge consists of a spicule and fibers and is water absorbent.
Gentiana is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the gentian family (Gentianaceae), the tribe Gentianeae, and the monophyletic subtribe Gentianinae.
 With about 400 species it is considered a large genus.
 They are notable for their mostly large, trumpet-shaped flowers, which are often of an intense blue.
Gammaridae is a family of amphipods.
 In North America they are included among the folk taxonomic category of "scuds", and otherwise gammarids is usually used as a common name.
Alchemilla is a genus of herbaceous perennial plants in the family Rosaceae, with the common name "lady's mantle" applied generically as well as specifically to "Alchemilla mollis" when referred to as garden plant, the plant used as herbal tea or for medicinal usage such as gynaecological disorders is Alchemilla xanthochlora or in Middle Europe the so-called common lady's mantle Alchemilla vulgaris.
 There are about 300 species, the majority native to cool temperate and subarctic regions of Europe and Asia, with a few species native to the mountains of Africa and the Americas.
Heterostropha was a previously used taxonomic category, an order of sea snails, within the superorder Heterobranchia.
 In the most current gastropod taxonomy, that of Bouchet & Rocroi, this taxon is no longer in use.
Eogastropoda was a previously used taxonomic category of snails or gastropods, a subclass which was erected by Ponder and Lindberg in 1997.
 It was one of two great divisions (subclasses) of the class Gastropoda, the snails.
 The other subclass of gastropods was the Orthogastropoda.
Question: TRS-80 MC-10 and Hobbit, are a type of what?

Context articles: Motorola 6847
Honda PA50
Tolkien fandom
Matra Alice
Hobbit (computer)
TRS-80 MC-10

The MC6847 is a video display generator (VDG) first introduced by Motorola and used in the TRS-80 Color Computer, Dragon 32/64, Laser 200, TRS-80 MC-10 and Acorn Atom, among others.
 It is a relatively simple display generator compared to other display chips of the time.
 It is capable of displaying text and graphics contained within a roughly square display matrix 256 pixels wide by 192 lines high.
 It is capable of displaying nine colors: black, green, yellow, blue, red, buff (almost-but-not-quite white), cyan, magenta, and orange.
 The low display resolution is a necessity of using television sets as display monitors.
 Making the display wider risked cutting off characters due to overscan.
 Compressing more dots into the display window would easily exceed the resolution of the television and be useless.
The Honda PA50 is a moped produced by Honda Benelux between 1976 and 1991.
 It was marketed as the Honda Hobbit in the USA and as the Honda Camino in the UK and Europe.
 The vehicle itself was manufactured in a factory in Belgium until 1991.
 Though it has mostly disappeared from the streets of the USA and the UK like most mopeds of similar type (e.g. Motobecane Mobylette and Puch Maxi), it remains very popular in Belgium, where it is often modified using high performance parts.
Tolkien fandom is an international, informal community of fans of the works of J. R. R. Tolkien, especially of the Middle-earth legendarium which includes "The Hobbit", "The Lord of the Rings", and "The Silmarillion".
 "Fandom" is a term used to describe a specific type of fan subculture.
 "Tolkien fandom" in this sense sprang up in the United States in the 1960s, in the context of the hippie movement, to the dismay of the author (Tolkien died in 1973), who talked of "my deplorable cultus".
The Matra & Hachette Ordinateur Alice was a home computer sold in France beginning in 1983.
 It was a clone of the TRS-80 MC-10, produced through a collaboration between Matra and Hachette in France and Tandy Corporation in the United States.
Hobbit (Хоббит) is a Soviet/Russian 8-bit home computer, based on the Sinclair ZX Spectrum hardware architecture.
The TRS-80 MC-10 microcomputer is a lesser-known member of the TRS-80 line of home computers, produced by Tandy Corporation in the early 1980s and sold through their RadioShack chain of electronics stores.
 It was apparently designed as a low-cost alternative to Tandy's own TRS-80 Color Computer to compete with entry-level machines that had previously dominated the market, such as the Commodore VIC-20 and Sinclair ZX81.
Question: Cheshire Phoenix, who last contracted Devan Bailey, was founded in what year?

Context articles: Stewart Mills
Serge Souchon-Koguia
Silvio Schröter
Chris Dawson (footballer, born 1994)
Devan Bailey
Adlane Messelem
Patrick Hesse
Simon Miotto
Cheshire Phoenix
Karl Rose

Stewart Mills is a retired Australian rugby league player who was last contracted to the Brisbane Broncos team of the National Rugby League.
 Previously playing for the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks, he made his NRL debut in Round 10, 2011 against the Sydney Roosters, scoring a try in a Cronulla victory.
 League great Phil Gould described Mills' first game as "one of the toughest and most competent first-grade debuts" he had seen.
Serge Souchon-Koguia (born 12 October 1987) is a Central African Republican footballer who had last contracted to Tanjong Pagar United in the Singapore S.League.
 He plays as a Midfielder, and has represented the Central African Republic on two occasions, both in 2011.
Silvio Schröter (born June 29, 1979 in Radebeul) is former a German footballer, last contracted with FC Carl Zeiss Jena.
Christopher Gary "Chris" Dawson (born 4 September 1994, Dewsbury, England) is a footballer who was last contracted to play for Rotherham United as an attacking midfielder.
 He has represented Wales at under-21 level.
Devan Bailey (Born 10 May 1989) is a British basketball player, last contracted to Cheshire Phoenix of the British Basketball League.
Adlane Messelem is an Algerian football manager who was last contracted to Sabah FA in Malaysia.
Patrick Hesse (born 1956) is a French football coach who was last contracted to Young Lions FC.
Simon Jon Miotto (born 5 September 1969) is an Australian footballer.
 He was last contracted to Tranmere Rovers as a goalkeeper, where he was also goalkeeper coach.
The Cheshire Phoenix is a professional basketball team based in Ellesmere Port, United Kingdom.
 Founded in 1984, they are members of the British Basketball League and play their home games at the Ellesmere Port Sports Village.
 Under previous ownership, the team was known as Cheshire Jets, but due to financial difficulties the franchise was withdrawn from the League in November 2012 and was replaced by the Phoenix.
 From 1993 until 2015 the team was based in Chester, where they enjoyed their most success.
Karl Rose (born 12 October 1978) is football manager last contracted to Frickley Athletic.
 He is currently the manager of Goole where he previously played as a striker.
Question: Are Ken Kwapis and Jan Švankmajer both filmmakers?

Context articles: Lunacy (film)
The Last Trick
Insects (film)
Jan Švankmajer
Meat Love
The Death of Stalinism in Bohemia
A Game with Stones
The Cabinet of Jan Svankmajer
Czech animation
Ken Kwapis

Lunacy (Czech: Šílení ) is a 2005 Czech film by Jan Švankmajer.
 The film is loosely based on two short stories, "The System of Doctor Tarr and Professor Fether" and "The Premature Burial", by Edgar Allan Poe.
 It is also partly inspired by the works of the Marquis de Sade.
 The film was shot between October 2004 and April 2005, on location in the village of Peruc close to Prague, and in Švankmajer's studio in the village of Knovíz.
The Last Trick (Czech: Poslední trik pana Schwarcewalldea a pana Edgara ) is a 1964 Czechoslovak animated short film by Jan Švankmajer.
 It was Švankmajer's first film.
Insects (Czech: "Hmyz" ) is an upcoming film directed by Jan Švankmajer, the film is based on the play "Pictures from the Insects' Life" by Karel and Josef Čapek.
 Švankmajer says that the film will be his last.
Jan Švankmajer (] ; born 4 September 1934) is a Czech filmmaker and artist whose work spans several media.
 He is a self-labeled surrealist known for his animations and features, which have greatly influenced other artists such as Terry Gilliam, the Brothers Quay, and many others.
Meat Love is a 1989 Czechoslovak animated short film directed and animated by Jan Švankmajer.
 It appears as a commercial in Švankmajer's feature-length film "Little Otik".
 It has also been shown on MTV.
The Death of Stalinism in Bohemia is a 1990 animated independent short film.
 The style of the film is surrealist, and the director Jan Švankmajer has been described by "The New York Times" as being "One of cinema's most visionary surrealists".
A Game With Stones (Czech: "Hra s kameny"), (German: "Spiel mit Steinen") is a nine-minute animated film by Czech animator Jan Švankmajer.
 Made in 1965, it utilizes stop-motion animation.
The Cabinet of Jan Svankmajer is a 1984 surreal short stop-motion film by the Quay Brothers, an homage to the influential short film maker Jan Švankmajer.
Czech animation has been a tradition for almost 100 years.
 Czech animators are considered pioneers in film animation.
 It began in 1920s and its "Golden Era" dates between 1950s and 1980s.
 Czech animators include Jiří Trnka, Karel Zeman, Břetislav Pojar, Jan Švankmajer or Jiří Barta.
 Czech animators have employed Cutout animation, Puppet animation and Clay animation.
 3D animation is seldom used due to lack of finances and trained 3D animators.
 This led to downturn in the years after 1989.
Kenneth William "Ken" Kwapis (born August 17, 1957) is an American film and television director and screenwriter.
 He specialized in the single-camera sitcom in the 1990s and 2000s and has directed feature films such as "Sesame Street Presents Follow That Bird" (1985), "The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants" (2005), and "He's Just Not That into You" (2009).
Question: A Danish actress born 14 February 1978 was in a french Fantasy and romantic drama film. Who was the director of that film?

Context articles: Gilles Paquet-Brenner
Dean Gaffney
Suzana Ansar
Rie Rasmussen
Seckou Keita
Endre Hansen
Angel-A
Dzmitry Chaley
Soher Al Bably
Yutte Stensgaard

Gilles Paquet-Brenner (born 14 September 1974) is a French director and screenwriter.
 He is the son of the opera singer Ève Brenner.
 Paquet-Brenner's first feature film in 2001, "Pretty Things", won an award at the Deauville American Film Festival.
 In 2009, Paquet-Brenner directed the low-budget and direct-to-DVD but generally positively received film, "Walled In".
Dean Martin Gaffney (born 14 February 1978) is an English actor.
 He is best known for his role as Robbie Jackson on the BBC soap opera "EastEnders" from 1993 to 2003 and again full-time from 2017, he however made guest appearances in the soap in 2004, 2010 and 2015, and has also appeared in various reality television shows such as "I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!
"
Suzana Ansar (Bengali: সুজানা আনসার ; born 14 February 1978) is an English singer, actress and television presenter of Bangladeshi descent.
Rie Rasmussen (born 14 February 1978) is a Danish actress, film director, writer, model, and photographer.
Seckou Keita (born 14 February 1978) is a kora player and drummer from Senegal.
 He is a charismatic live performer and one of the few champions of the less-known and rhythmically rocking kora repertoire from Casamance in southern Senegal.
Endre Hansen (born 14 February 1978) is a Norwegian football midfielder who currently plays for Øystese IL.
Angel-A, directed by Luc Besson, is a 2005 French fantasy and romantic drama film featuring Jamel Debbouze and Rie Rasmussen.
Dzmitry Alyaksandrovich Chaley (Belarusian: Дзьмітры Аляксандровіч Чалей ; Russian: Дмитрий Александрович Чалей ; born 14 February 1978) is a retired Belarusian professional footballer.
 His latest club was Gorodeya.
Soheir Al Bably (Arabic: ‎ ‎ ; born 14 February 1935) is an Egyptian actress born in Damietta.
 After completing secondary school, she attended the Institute of Theatrical Arts.
 ٍShe starred in the play "Madrast Al-Mushaghebeen" in 1973, and also in a stage version of the life of Raya and Sakina in 1985.
 She married four times, and her second husband was Mounir Mourad.
Yutte Stensgaard (born 14 May 1946) is a Danish actress born in Thisted, Jutland, Denmark, best known for her starring role in Hammer's "Lust for a Vampire" (1971).
Question: When was the German pilot that built Udet U 1 born? 

Context articles: Manfred von Richthofen (sports official)
Udet U 1
2016 Red Bull Air Race of Indianapolis
Udet U 8
Ernst Udet
Udet U 12
Udet U 7 Kolibri
Udet U 11 Kondor
Kurt Grasshoff
SM U-1 (Germany)

Manfred von Richthofen (4 February 1934 – 1 May 2014) was a German hockey player and coach.
 He was also an honorary President of German's national Olympic federation.
 He was the nephew of World War I German pilot Manfred von Richthofen (the "Red Baron").
 His career began during the 1950s.
 He retired in 2006.
 Richthofen was born in Berlin, Germany.
The Udet U 1 is a single seat monoplane built by the German Ace Ernst Udet.
The 2016 Red Bull Air Race of Indianapolis was the seventh round of the 2016 Red Bull Air Race World Championship, the eleventh season of the Red Bull Air Race World Championship.
 The event was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, in Indianapolis, the United States.
 German pilot Matthias Dolderer wrapped up his first championship with a round remaining, while Chilean pilot Cristian Bolton made his debut as a replacement for the late Hannes Arch.
The parasol wing, single engine Udet U 8, sometimes referred to as the Limousine, was a three seat commercial passenger transport designed and built in Germany in 1924.
 Five were produced and were used by German airlines until about 1928.
Ernst Udet (26 April 1896 – 17 November 1941) was a German pilot and air force general during World War II.
The Udet U 12 Flamingo was an aerobatic sports plane and trainer aircraft developed in Germany in the mid-1920s.
The Udet U 7 Kolibri (Hummingbird) was a single engine, single seat, parasol wing light aircraft, designed and built in Germany in the mid-1920s.
 Though they had some competition success and set an unofficial lightplane duration record, only two were produced.
The Udet U 11 Kondor was a German four-engined airliner designed and built by Udet Flugzeugbau, only one was built.
Kurt Grasshoff (January 24, 1891 – June 12, 1918) was a German pilot who commanded Jasta 37 in France and Jasta 38 in Macedonia in World War I.
 He commanded German ace Ernst Udet in Jasta 37, and chose Udet to command the unit upon his transfer to Jasta 38.
SM "U-1", also known in English as the German Type U 1 submarine, was the first U-boat class of the U-boat series of submarines produced for the German Empire's Imperial German Navy.
 Only one was built.
 The "U-1" was constructed by Germaniawerft in Kiel and was commissioned on 14 December 1906.
 When World War I began in 1914, the "U-1" was deemed obsolete and was used only for training until 19 February 1919, when it was struck by another vessel while on an exercise.
Question: are there more species of Persea or Cryptotaenia

Context articles: Persea palustris
Dynastes hyllus
Persea borbonia
Cryptotaenia japonica
Cryptotaenia
Sphaceloma perseae
Cryptotaenia canadensis
Cryptotaenia elegans
Persea meyeniana
Persea

Persea palustris is a species of plant in the Lauraceae family.
Dynastes hyllus is a large scarab beetle species that ranges from Mexico to Guatemala.
 Its larvae have been found to associate with the logs of "Persea americana".
Persea borbonia is a species of plant in the Lauraceae family, with several common names including redbay, tisswood, scrubbay, shorebay, and swampbay.
Cryptotaenia japonica, also called East Asian wildparsley, Japanese cryptotaenia, Japanese honewort, white chervil and mitsuba, is a plant species native to Japan, Korea, and China.
 The plant is edible and is commonly used as a garnish and root vegetable in Japan, and other Asian countries.
Cryptotaenia, also honewort, is a genus of two species of herbaceous perennial plants, native to North America, Africa, and eastern Asia, growing wild in moist, shady places.
"Sphaceloma perseae" is a plant-pathogenic fungus in the Ascomycota phylum.
 It infects the avocado plant ("Persea americana"), a tree native to Central America and Mexico.
 Currently there are three cultivars of avocados in large-scale agricultural production: Guatemalan, Mexican, and West Indian.
 The pathogen is currently limited to the "P. Americana" species but is able to infect all three cultivars.
 The resulting disease is known as avocado scab for the symptoms which are present on the fruit of the avocado tree.
 It is believed that the disease developed in Florida in the early twentieth century and is related to citrus scab, "Elsinoe fawcetti".
 Since then, "S.perseae" has spread to many regions worldwide that support cultivation of the avocado tree.
 This pathogen threatens the global avocado market, including both importers and exporters of the crop.
 Countries which import avocados, including the United States, have experienced a rising demand over the past decade which is projected to continue for years to come.
 An understanding of avocado scab characteristics and feasible prevention methods is essential to maintenance of cultures and economies influenced by the avocado fruit.
Cryptotaenia canadensis, the Canadian honewort, is a plant species native to the eastern United States and eastern Canada.
Cryptotaenia elegans, Spanish: perejil de Monteverde ("Parsley of Monteverde"), is a plant species in the genus "Cryptotaenia" endemic of the Canary Islands, Spain.
Persea meyeniana is a species of evergreen tree belonging to the laurel family, Lauraceae.
Persea is a genus of about 150 species of evergreen trees belonging to the laurel family, Lauraceae.
 The best-known member of the genus is the avocado, "P. americana", widely cultivated in subtropical regions for its large, edible fruit.
Question: Which is a pop band, Nerf Herder or Voxtrot?

Context articles: Nerf Herder
Captain Everything!
How to Meet Girls
Nerf Herder (album)
Nerf Herder IV
Linus of Hollywood
Oglio Records
Parry Gripp
Voxtrot
Justin Fisher (musician)

Nerf Herder is an American rock band from Santa Barbara, California, formed in 1994 by Parry Gripp (vocals, guitar), Charlie Dennis (bass) and Steve Sherlock (drums).
 They describe themselves as a "geek rock" band, and are known for simplistic modern punk-style songs with frequently humorous, juvenile, and pop-culture-referencing lyrics.
Captain Everything!
 are a punk band from Watford, United Kingdom.
 They met at Parmiter's School.
 Formed in 1998, the band play high tempo pop-punk, which was branded "Bubblegum Thrash".
 Renowned for their heavy touring schedule, they have played all over the UK and Europe, touring with bands such as The Vandals, Capdown, and Nerf Herder.
 They have also toured in Russia, Canada and Japan.
 They were part of the roster of London punk label Household Name Records.
How to Meet Girls is the follow-up to Nerf Herder's self-titled release.
 The album was released in 2000 on Honest Don's Records.
 The track "Courtney" was written about Courtney Love, containing humorous references to her life.
 Likewise, "Jonathan" is based on the life of Jonathan Richman, and contains references to his lyrics.
Nerf Herder is the eponymous debut album by Nerf Herder, originally released in November 1996 and produced by Joey Cape and Ryan Greene.
Nerf Herder IV is the fourth studio album by the rock band Nerf Herder.
 It was released in 2008 through Oglio Records.
Kevin Dotson (born March 4, 1973), better known by his stage name Linus of Hollywood, is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer.
 The stage name comes from his early days in Los Angeles, where he would frequently wear striped shirts similar to the Peanuts character Linus van Pelt.
 He is currently a member of Nerf Herder and comedy duo Jarinus.
Oglio Records is an American record company started in 1993 by Carl Caprioglio.
 They are well known for issuing compilations of rare 1980's modern rock and new wave songs, many of which were previously unreleased on CD.
 In addition to releasing new material by artists such as BigBang, Nerf Herder and Wesley Willis, the label has also re-released albums by artists such as Brian Wilson and Barnes & Barnes.
 Oglio Entertainment also releases comedy CDs by comedians such as Jackie Martling and George Lopez.
Parry Gripp (born September 22, 1967 in Santa Barbara, California) is a singer-songwriter who is the lead vocalist and guitarist for the pop punk band Nerf Herder.
Voxtrot was an indie pop band from Austin, Texas, USA.
 Their first recordings were released in 2003 and their final shows were in June 2010.
Justin Fisher is an American born bassist most well known for being the bassist in Nerf Herder, touring bassist for The Rentals and lead singer for Psoma.
 Fisher also co-founded Rivers Cuomo's first band Avant Garde,
Question: One of Don Calfa's best known roles was as the hitman in a 1989 comedy film directed by whom?

Context articles: Lauderdale (film)
Weekend at Bernie's II
Identity Crisis (film)
Don Calfa
Weekend at Bernie's
Lobster Man from Mars
Rude Awakening (film)
Animal Behavior (film)
Miss Firecracker
Big Man on Campus

Lauderdale is a 1989 comedy film directed by Bill Milling.
 It is also known as Spring Break USA and Spring Fever USA.
Weekend at Bernie's II is a black comedy film released in 1993 by TriStar Pictures and was the sequel to the 1989 comedy "Weekend at Bernie's" with Andrew McCarthy, Jonathan Silverman and Terry Kiser reprising their roles.
Identity Crisis is a 1989 comedy film directed by Melvin Van Peebles.
 Written by Mario Van Peebles, the film is about a rapper who winds up sharing his body with the soul of a dead fashion designer, switching between personalities every time he is struck on the head.
 It was released direct-to-video in 1991.
Donald George Calfa (December 3, 1939 – December 1, 2016) was an American film and television character actor whose credits spanned over 40 years, playing both comedic and dramatic roles.
 Although Calfa has appeared in many high-profile films and television series, he was perhaps best known for his role as mortician Ernie Kaltenbrunner in the 1985 cult horror-comedy "The Return of the Living Dead", and the bumbling hitman in "Weekend at Bernie's".
Weekend at Bernie's is a 1989 American comedy film written by Robert Klane and directed by Ted Kotcheff.
 The film stars Andrew McCarthy and Jonathan Silverman as young insurance corporation employees who discover their boss, Bernie, dead.
 While attempting to convince people that Bernie is still alive, they discover that Bernie had ordered their deaths to cover up his embezzlement.
Lobster Man From Mars is a 1989 comedy film directed by Stanley Sheff and starring Tony Curtis.
 The film is a spoof of B-movie sci-fi films from the 1950s.
 It had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival in 1989.
Rude Awakening is a 1989 comedy film directed by David Greenwalt and Aaron Russo.
Animal Behavior is a 1989 comedy film directed by Jenny Bowen and Kjehl Rasmussen and starring Karen Allen, Armand Assante, and Holly Hunter.
Miss Firecracker is a 1989 comedy film directed by Thomas Schlamme.
 It stars Holly Hunter, Mary Steenburgen, Tim Robbins, Alfre Woodard, and Scott Glenn.
 The film, set in Yazoo City, Mississippi, was written by Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright Beth Henley and is based on her 1984 play, "The Miss Firecracker Contest".
Big Man on Campus (also known as The Hunchback of UCLA and The Hunchback Hairball of L.A. in the United Kingdom) is a 1989 comedy film directed by Jeremy Kagan.
 It was written by and stars Allan Katz.
 It co-stars Corey Parker.
Question: Are Gareth Evans and Fred Schepisi both nationals of the same country ?

Context articles: Roxanne (film)
Alexandra Schepisi
I.Q. (film)
Fred Schepisi
Mary Schepisi
Last Orders (film)
Gareth Evans (director)
Evil Angels (film)
The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith (film)
Six Degrees of Separation (film)

Roxanne is a 1987 American romantic comedy film directed by Fred Schepisi and starring Steve Martin and Daryl Hannah.
 It is a modern retelling of Edmond Rostand's 1897 verse play "Cyrano de Bergerac", adapted by Steve Martin.
Schepisi was born and raised in Melbourne, Victoria.
 She's the daughter of Australian film screenwriter and director Fred Schepisi and American artist Mary Schepisi (née Rubin).
 She obtained her bachelor's degree in dramatic art from Victorian College of the Arts in 1997.
I.Q. is a 1994 American romantic comedy film directed by Fred Schepisi and starring Tim Robbins, Meg Ryan, and Walter Matthau.
 The original music score was composed by Jerry Goldsmith.
 The film centers on a mechanic and a Princeton doctoral candidate who fall in love, thanks to the candidate's uncle, Albert Einstein.
Frederic Alan "Fred" Schepisi, AO ( ; born 26 December 1939) is an Australian film director, producer and screenwriter.
 His credits include "The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith", "Plenty", "Roxanne", "Six Degrees of Separation", "Mr. Baseball" and "Last Orders".
Mary Rubin Schepisi (born March 6, 1949) is an American artist currently working in Melbourne, Australia, and New York City.
 She is married to the film director Fred Schepisi.
Last Orders is a 2001 British/German drama film written and directed by Fred Schepisi.
 The screenplay is based on the 1996 Booker Prize-winning novel "Last Orders" by Graham Swift.
Gareth Huw Evans (born 1980) is a Welsh film director, screenwriter, film editor and action choreographer.
Evil Angels (released as A Cry in the Dark outside of Australia and New Zealand) is a 1988 Australian drama film directed by Fred Schepisi.
 The screenplay by Schepisi and Robert Caswell is based on John Bryson's 1985 book of the same name.
 It chronicles the case of Azaria Chamberlain, a nine-week-old baby girl who disappeared from a campground near Uluru (then called Ayers Rock) in August 1980 and the struggle of her parents, Michael and Lindy, to prove their innocence to a public convinced that they were complicit in her death.
 Meryl Streep and Sam Neill star as the Chamberlains, and Streep was nominated for an Academy Award for her performance.
The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith is a 1978 Australian drama film directed by Fred Schepisi, and starring Tom E. Lewis (billed at the time as Tommy Lewis), Freddy Reynolds and Ray Barrett.
 The film also featured early appearances by Bryan Brown, Arthur Dignam, and John Jarratt.
 It is an adaptation of the novel "The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith" by Thomas Keneally.
Six Degrees of Separation is a 1993 American comedy-drama film directed by Fred Schepisi, adapted from the Pulitzer Prize-nominated John Guare play of the same name.
Question: Sansha and Gongqingcheng, are in which country?

Context articles: Sansha
Gongqingcheng

Sansha is a prefecture-level city of Hainan province of the China.
 It administers (actually or nominally) several island groups and undersea atolls in the South China Sea including the Spratly Islands, the Paracel Islands, Macclesfield Bank, Scarborough Shoal, and a number of other ungrouped maritime features.
 The entire territory is disputed, and the PRC's "de facto" control over the area varies.
Gongqingcheng () is a county-level city in northern Jiangxi province, People's Republic of China, established on 10 September 2010.
 It is under the administration of Jiujiang City, 55 km to the northeast, and is located 62 km north of Nanchang, the provincial capital.
 Situated in the vicinity of De'an, Yongxiu, and Xingzi Counties, it lies in the foothills of Mount Lu and lies on the western shore of Poyang Lake.
 With an area of 193 km2 , it is home to 120,000 people, including 68,000 permanent residents.
 There are plans for the city to expand the population to 400,000 people.
 It is the only city in China to be named after the Communist Youth League of China, which in Chinese is abbreviated to "共青团"; hence its name literally means "Communist Youth League City".
Question: What is the current job of this retired Iranian footballer who played on VfL Bochum and Fath Tehran F.C.?

Context articles: Hamid Alidoosti
Amir Hossein Aslanian
Hadi Tavoosi
Ali Karimi
Fath Tehran F.C.
Reza Rezaeimanesh
Vahid Hashemian
Mohammad Panjali
Pejman Jamshidi
Reza Jabbari

Hamid Alidoosti (Persian: حمید علیدوستی‎ ‎ , born 12 March 1956 in Tehran) is a retired Iranian footballer and now football coach.
Amirhossein Aslanian (Persian: امیرحسین اصلانیان‎ ‎ , born December 16, 1979 in Tehran) is a retired Iranian footballer.
 He is mostly known for his time in Persepolis as a "super-sub".
Hadi Tavoosi (هادی طاووسی in Persian, born 7 October 1938 in Tehran, Iran) is a retired Iranian footballer and administrator.
 He was a Goalkeeper and has played most of his playing careers in Shahin and Persepolis.
 He was also played one season at Paykan on loan.
 He was retired in 1974 and became a vice president at Iranian Football Federation.
 After resignation of Naser Noamooz in 1980, Tavoosi was appointed as president of the football federation.
 He was president of Iranian FA from 6 October 1980 until 8 August 1981.
Ali Karimi (Persian: علی کریمی‎ ‎ ] (born 8 November 1978) is an Iranian coach and retired footballer.
 He has played for Fath Tehran, Persepolis, Al-Ahli Dubai, Bayern Munich, Qatar SC, Steel Azin, Schalke 04, Tractor Sazi, and the Iran national team for which he scored 38 goals in 127 appearances.
 In 2004, he became the fourth Iranian player to win the Asian Footballer of the Year.
 He announced his retirement at the end of the 2013–14 season and, on 11 April 2014, played the final game of his 18-year career.
 He is currently manager of Naft Tehran.
Fath Tehran F.C. was an Iranian Football club based in Tehran, Iran.
 It was the first club of former Bayern Munich midfielder Ali Karimi, and former VfL Bochum striker Vahid Hashemian.
Reza Rezaeimanesh (Persian: رضا رضائی منش‎ ‎ , born 1969 in Tehran) is a retired Iranian football Right Wingback.
 He played for Esteghlal Jonub Tehran F.C., Pas F.C., Bahman F.C. and the Iranian national football team.
 He also had a stint with Singaporean side Geylang in 1997.
Vahid Hashemian (Persian: وحيد هاشميان‎ ‎ , born 21 July 1976) is a retired Iranian footballer and current coach.
Seyed Mohammad Panjali Qomi (born July 26, 1955 in Tehran, Iran) is a retired Iranian footballer and a football coach.
 He played for Bargh Tehran, Fath Tehran, F.C. Aboomoslem, Persepolis FC, Al-Ittihad and the Iran national football team, where he made 45 appearances.
 He usually played in the defender position.
 He was also team manager of Persepolis from 1993 until 1994.
Pejman Jamshidi (Persian: پژمان جمشیدی‎ ‎ , born September 11, 1977) is a retired Iranian footballer and Iranian actor who in 2013 starred in an Iranian TV Show called "Pejman", which tells a bizarre comedic story of Jamshidi's current life, in which he is on the lookout for a new team.
Reza Jabbari (Persian: رضا جباری‎ ‎ , born August 28, 1977 in Tehran) is a retired Iranian footballer.
Question: Do Mara Santangelo and Patty Fendick currently play tennis professionally?

Context articles: 1995 IGA Classic – Doubles
1995 Peters International – Women's Doubles
2010 Monterrey Open – Doubles
Patty Fendick
1988 Nutri-Metics Open
2010 ASB Classic – Doubles
1994 IGA Classic – Doubles
Mara Santangelo
1989 Nutri-Metics Open
2010 Internationaux de Strasbourg – Doubles

Patty Fendick and Meredith McGrath were the defending champions but only Fendick competed that year with Lisa Raymond.
Patty Fendick and Meredith McGrath were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year, Fendick with Mary Joe Fernández and McGrath with Rennae Stubbs.
Nathalie Dechy and Mara Santangelo won the tournament in 2009, but Dechy retired from tennis later in the year and Santangelo chose to not participate this year.
Iveta Benešová and Barbora Záhlavová-Strýcová won in the final 3–6, 6–4, [10–8] against Anna-Lena Grönefeld and Vania King.
Patty Fendick (born March 31, 1965) is a former professional women's tennis player and is the former women's tennis program head coach at University of Texas.
The 1988 Nutri-Metics Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the ASB Tennis Centre in Auckland in New Zealand and was part of the Category 1 tier of the 1988 Virginia Slims World Championship Series.
 It was the third edition of the tournament and ran from 25 January until 31 January 1988.
 Patty Fendick won the singles title.
Nathalie Dechy and Mara Santangelo were the defending champions, but Dechy retired from tennis before being able to defend the title, and Santangelo chose not to participate this year.
Patty Fendick and Zina Garrison-Jackson were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year, Fendick with Meredith McGrath and Garrison-Jackson with Lori McNeil.
Mara Santangelo (born 28 June 1981) is a former professional tennis player from Italy.
 She retired from the sport on 28 January 2011.
The 1989 Nutri-Metics Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the ASB Tennis Centre in Auckland in New Zealand and was part of the Category 1 tier of the 1989 WTA Tour.
 The tournament ran from 30 January through 5 February 1989.
 First-seeded Patty Fendick won the singles title.
Nathalie Dechy and Mara Santangelo were the defending champions, but Dechy retired in 2009 and Santangelo chose not to compete this year.
Question: Peter Sasdy and Alex Proyas, share which mutual occupation?

Context articles: Welcome to Blood City
Nothing but the Night
Doomwatch (film)
I Don't Want to Be Born
Journey into Darkness (film)
Taste the Blood of Dracula
The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (1968 miniseries)
Alex Proyas
Peter Sasdy
Hands of the Ripper

Welcome to Blood City is a 1977 film directed by Peter Sasdy.
 It stars Jack Palance, Keir Dullea and Samantha Eggar.
Nothing But the Night is a 1973 British horror film directed by Peter Sasdy, starring Christopher Lee and Peter Cushing.
Doomwatch (US title: Island of the Ghouls) is a 1972 science fiction/thriller film directed by Peter Sasdy.
 The film is based on the BBC series "Doomwatch".
 The screenplay was written by Clive Exton.
I Don't Want to Be Born (U.S.
 The Devil Within Her; also known as The Monster) is a 1975 British horror film, directed by Peter Sasdy and starring Joan Collins, Ralph Bates, Eileen Atkins and Donald Pleasence, which tapped into the 1970s fad for devil-child horror films.
 The film was originally marketed as a straight-faced and serious product, and as such was comprehensively mauled by critics of the time.
 However it later gained a reputation as a cult film favourite due to its perceived shortcomings, absurdities and unintentional camp comedy appeal.
Journey into Darkness is a 1968 British made-for-television film version of two episodes derived from the 1968–1969 anthology television series "Journey to the Unknown" starring Robert Reed and Jennifer Hilary, directed by Peter Sasdy and James Hill.
 The episodes – "Paper Dolls" and "The New People" – were originally broadcast respectively on November 7 and 14, 1968 on ABC.
Taste the Blood of Dracula is a British horror film produced by Hammer Film Productions which was released in 1970.
 It stars Christopher Lee as Count Dracula, and was directed by Peter Sasdy based upon a script by Anthony Hinds.
 The film was released as a double bill alongside fellow Hammer production "Crescendo".
The Tenant of Wildfell Hall is the first adaptation of Anne Brontë's novel of the same name, produced by BBC and directed by Peter Sasdy.
 The serial stars Janet Munro as Helen Graham, Bryan Marshall as Gilbert Markham and Corin Redgrave as her spoiled and drunkard husband Arthur Huntington.
Alexander "Alex" Proyas ( ; born 23 September 1963) is an Australian film director, screenwriter, and producer.
 Proyas is best known for directing the films "The Crow" (1994), "Dark City" (1998), "I, Robot" (2004), "Knowing" (2009), and "Gods of Egypt" (2016).
Peter Sasdy (born 27 May 1935 in Budapest, Hungary) is a Hungarian-born British film and television director.
Hands of the Ripper is a 1971 British horror film directed by Peter Sasdy for Hammer Film Productions.
 It was written by L. W. Davidson from a story by Edward Spencer Shew, and produced by Aida Young.
Question: When was the producer of Leviathan born?

Context articles: Leviathan (2014 film)
Alexander Rodnyansky

Leviathan (Russian: Левиафан , "Leviafan") is a 2014 Russian drama film directed by Andrey Zvyagintsev, co-written by Zvyagintsev and Oleg Negin, and starring Aleksei Serebryakov, Elena Lyadova, and Vladimir Vdovichenkov.
 According to Zvyagintsev, the story of Marvin Heemeyer in the United States inspired him and it was adapted into a Russian setting, but critics compare the story to the more similar biblical story of Naboth's Vineyard, where a King vies for his subjects' land and is motivated by his Queen to obtain it in a sly manner.
 The character development of the protagonist parallels another biblical figure, Job.
 The producer Alexander Rodnyansky has said: "It deals with some of the most important social issues of contemporary Russia while never becoming an artist's sermon or a public statement; it is a story of love and tragedy experienced by ordinary people".
 Critics noted the film as being formidable, dealing with quirks of fate, power and money.
Alexander Yefymovych Rodnyansky (born July 2, 1961) is a Ukrainian film director, film producer, television executive and businessman.
 Member of The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.