Question: What reusable contactless stored value smart card for making electronic payments in online or offline systems in Hong Kong replaced the Common stored value ticket in 1997?

Context articles: Rabbit Card
Metrebus Card
Breeze Card
ORCA card
EZ-Link
Proximity card
Common stored value ticket
Contactless smart card
Octopus card
Revolution Money

The Rabbit Card is a rechargeable contact-less stored value smart card used to transfer electronic payments in systems in Thailand.
 It was launched in May 2012 to collect fares for the BTS Skytrain and the Bangkok BRT.
 The card can be recharged at minimum THB100 at a time.
 It can be recharged at all BTS and BRT ticket offices and most of McDonald's branches in Thailand.
The Metrebus Card is a contactless smartcard ticketing system for Rome.
 It has stored value on a paper ticket for either 1, 3 or 7 days.
 All three versions of the tickets look the same on the front, but on the back of the ticket the magnetic data printed on the ticket varies depending on which version of the ticket was purchased.
The Breeze Card is a stored value smart card that passengers use as part of an automated fare collection system which the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) introduced to the general public in early October 2006.
 The card automatically debits the cost of the passenger’s ride when placed on or near the Breeze Target at the fare gate.
 Transit riders are able to add value or time-based passes to the card at Breeze Vending Machines (BVM) located at all MARTA stations.
 The major phases of MARTA's Breeze transformation took place before July 1, 2007 when customers were still able to purchase TransCards from ridestores or their employers.
 They were also able to obtain paper transfers from bus drivers to access the train.
 As of July 1, 2007 the TransCard and the paper transfers were discontinued and patrons now use a Breeze Card or ticket to access the system (except for single bus rides, which can still be paid for in exact change), and all transfers are loaded on the card.
 Breeze Vending Machines (BVM) distribute regional transit provider passes (providing that the requested system has completed their transformation to the Universal Breeze AFC.)
 The Breeze Card employs passive RFID technology currently in use in many transit systems around the world.
The ORCA ("One Regional Card for All") card is a contactless, stored value smart card used for payment of public transport fares in the Puget Sound region of Washington state, United States.
 ORCA was introduced on a limited basis on April 20, 2009, with a full public launch in June 2009.
 As of March 2016, an adult ORCA card costs $5, one of the highest prices for a public transportation smart card in the United States.
The EZ-Link card is a contactless smart card based on the Sony FeliCa smart card technology and used for the payment of public transportation fares in Singapore, with limited use in the small payments retail sector.
 Established in 2001, it was promoted as the means for speedier boarding times on buses.
 It had a monopoly on public transportation fare payments in Singapore until September 2009, when the NETS FlashPay card, which had a monopoly over Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) toll payments, entered the market for transportation payments (and vice versa).
 EZ-Link cards are sold, distributed and managed by EZ-Link Pte. Ltd., a subsidiary of Singapore's Land Transport Authority.
 In September 2009, the new CEPAS EZ-Link card replaced the original EZ-Link card.
A proximity card or prox card is a "contactless" smart card which can be read without inserting it into a reader device, as required by earlier magnetic stripe cards such as credit cards and "contact" type smart cards.
 The Proximity cards are part of the contactless card technologies.
 Held near an electronic reader for a moment they enable the identification of an encoded number.
 The reader usually produces a beep or other sound to indicate the card has been read.
 Proximity cards typically have a read range up to 50 cm (< 15 inches) which is the main difference with contactless smartcard with 2 to 10 cm (1 to 3 inches) .
 The card can often be left in a wallet or purse , and read by simply holding the wallet or purse near the reader.
 The term "proximity card" refers to the older 125 kHz devices as distinct to the newer 13.56 MHz contactless smartcards. Second generation prox cards works in UHF frequency are in use for mass and distance reading application.
A common stored value ticket was a plastic magnetically sensitive card used for paying fares on the MTR and KCR railway systems in Hong Kong from 1984 to 1999.
 It was also used on Citybus and Kowloon Motor Bus for some MTR and KCR feeder bus services.
 The system was replaced by the Octopus card system in 1997 and phased out on 2 January 1999.
 The MTR and KCR have continued to issue magnetic strip cards for single-journey and souvenir tickets.
A contactless smart card is a contactless 13.56-MHz credential whose dimensions are credit-card size.
 Its embedded integrated circuits can store and sometimes process data and communicate with a terminal via radio waves.
 There are two broad categories of contactless smart cards.
 Memory cards contain non-volatile memory storage components, and perhaps some specific security logic.
 Contactless smart cards do contain read-only RFID called CSN (Card Serial Number) or UID, and a re-writeable smart card microchip that can be transcribed via radio waves.
The Octopus card () is a reusable contactless stored value smart card for making electronic payments in online or offline systems in Hong Kong.
 Launched in September 1997 to collect fares for the territory's mass transit system, the Octopus card system is the second contactless smart card system in the world, after the Korean Upass, and has since grown into a widely used payment system for all public transport in Hong Kong, leading to the development of Oyster Card in London.
Revolution Money is a financial services company based in St. Petersburg, Florida.
 The company's products include a PIN-based credit card, online person-to-person payments service with a linked stored value card, and gift card.
 Revolution Money is the only credit card that does not charge retailers interchange fees.
 The company partnered with Yahoo! Sports and Fifth Third Bank.