// Contract: DigiMiners
// Target function: function _mintERC2309(address to, uint256 quantity) internal virtual
56 tokenId) private view returns (uint256) {
    uint256 curr = tokenId;

    unchecked {
      if (_startTokenId() <= curr)
        if (curr < _currentIndex) {
          uint256 packed = _packedOwnerships[curr];
          // If not burned.
          if (packed & _BITMASK_BURNED == 0) {
            // Invariant:
            // There will always be an initialized ownership slot
            // (i.e. `ownership.addr != address(0) && ownership.burned == false`)
            // before an unintialized ownership slot
            // (i.e. `ownership.addr == address(0) && ownership.burned == false`)
            // Hence, `curr` will not underflow.
            //
            // We can directly compare the packed value.
            // If the address is zero, packed will be zero.
            while (packed == 0) {
              packed = _packedOwnerships[--curr];
            }
            return packed;
          }
        }
    }
    revert OwnerQueryForNonexistentToken();
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the unpacked `TokenOwnership` struct from `packed`.
   */
  function _unpackedOwnership(uint256 packed)
    private
    pure
    returns (TokenOwnership memory ownership)
  {
    ownership.addr = address(uint160(packed));
    ownership.startTimestamp = uint64(packed >> _BITPOS_START_TIMESTAMP);
    ownership.burned = packed & _BITMASK_BURNED != 0;
    ownership.extraData = uint24(packed >> _BITPOS_EXTRA_DATA);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Packs ownership data into a single uint256.
   */
  function _packOwnershipData(address owner, uint256 flags)
    private
    view
    returns (uint256 result)
  {
    assembly {
      // Mask `owner` to the lower 160 bits, in case the upper bits somehow aren't clean.
      owner := and(owner, _BITMASK_ADDRESS)
      // `owner | (block.timestamp << _BITPOS_START_TIMESTAMP) | flags`.
      result := or(owner, or(shl(_BITPOS_START_TIMESTAMP, timestamp()), flags))
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the `nextInitialized` flag set if `quantity` equals 1.
   */
  function _nextInitializedFlag(uint256 quantity)
    private
    pure
    returns (uint256 result)
  {
    // For branchless setting of the `nextInitialized` flag.
    assembly {
      // `(quantity == 1) << _BITPOS_NEXT_INITIALIZED`.
      result := shl(_BITPOS_NEXT_INITIALIZED, eq(quantity, 1))
    }
  }

  // =============================================================
  //                      APPROVAL OPERATIONS
  // =============================================================

  /**
   * @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
   * The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
   *
   * Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the
   * zero address clears previous approvals.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
   * - `tokenId` must exist.
   *
   * Emits an {Approval} event.
   */
  function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId)
    public
    payable
    virtual
    override
  {
    address owner = ownerOf(tokenId);

    if (_msgSenderERC721A() != owner)
      if (!isApprovedForAll(owner, _msgSenderERC721A())) {
        revert ApprovalCallerNotOwnerNorApproved();
      }

    _tokenApprovals[tokenId].value = to;
    emit Approval(owner, to, tokenId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `tokenId` must exist.
   */
  function getApproved(uint256 tokenId)
    public
    view
    virtual
    override
    returns (address)
  {
    if (!_exists(tokenId)) revert ApprovalQueryForNonexistentToken();

    return _tokenApprovals[tokenId].value;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
   * Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom}
   * for any token owned by the caller.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - The `operator` cannot be the caller.
   *
   * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
   */
  function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved)
    public
    virtual
    override
  {
    _operatorApprovals[_msgSenderERC721A()][operator] = approved;
    emit ApprovalForAll(_msgSenderERC721A(), operator, approved);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
   *
   * See {setApprovalForAll}.
   */
  function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator)
    public
    view
    virtual
    override
    returns (bool)
  {
    return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns whether `tokenId` exists.
   *
   * Tokens can be managed by their owner or approved accounts via {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
   *
   * Tokens start existing when they are minted. See {_mint}.
   */
  function _exists(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
    return
      _startTokenId() <= tokenId &&
      tokenId < _currentIndex && // If within bounds,
      _packedOwnerships[tokenId] & _BITMASK_BURNED == 0; // and not burned.
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns whether `msgSender` is equal to `approvedAddress` or `owner`.
   */
  function _isSenderApprovedOrOwner(
    address approvedAddress,
    address owner,
    address msgSender
  ) private pure returns (bool result) {
    assembly {
      // Mask `owner` to the lower 160 bits, in case the upper bits somehow aren't clean.
      owner := and(owner, _BITMASK_ADDRESS)
      // Mask `msgSender` to the lower 160 bits, in case the upper bits somehow aren't clean.
      msgSender := and(msgSender, _BITMASK_ADDRESS)
      // `msgSender == owner || msgSender == approvedAddress`.
      result := or(eq(msgSender, owner), eq(msgSender, approvedAddress))
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the storage slot and value for the approved address of `tokenId`.
   */
  function _getApprovedSlotAndAddress(uint256 tokenId)
    private
    view
    returns (uint256 approvedAddressSlot, address approvedAddress)
  {
    TokenApprovalRef storage tokenApproval = _tokenApprovals[tokenId];
    // The following is equivalent to `approvedAddress = _tokenApprovals[tokenId].value`.
    assembly {
      approvedAddressSlot := tokenApproval.slot
      approvedAddress := sload(approvedAddressSlot)
    }
  }

  // =============================================================
  //                      TRANSFER OPERATIONS
  // =============================================================

  /**
   * @dev Transfers `tokenId` from `from` to `to`.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
   * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token
   * by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
   */
  function transferFrom(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId
  ) public payable virtual override {
    uint256 prevOwnershipPacked = _packedOwnershipOf(tokenId);

    if (address(uint160(prevOwnershipPacked)) != from)
      revert TransferFromIncorrectOwner();

    (
      uint256 approvedAddressSlot,
      address approvedAddress
    ) = _getApprovedSlotAndAddress(tokenId);

    // The nested ifs save around 20+ gas over a compound boolean condition.
    if (!_isSenderApprovedOrOwner(approvedAddress, from, _msgSenderERC721A()))
      if (!isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSenderERC721A()))
        revert TransferCallerNotOwnerNorApproved();

    if (to == address(0)) revert TransferToZeroAddress();

    _beforeTokenTransfers(from, to, tokenId, 1);

    // Clear approvals from the previous owner.
    assembly {
      if approvedAddress {
        // This is equivalent to `delete _tokenApprovals[tokenId]`.
        sstore(approvedAddressSlot, 0)
      }
    }

    // Underflow of the sender's balance is impossible because we check for
    // ownership above and the recipient's balance can't realistically overflow.
    // Counter overflow is incredibly unrealistic as `tokenId` would have to be 2**256.
    unchecked {
      // We can directly increment and decrement the balances.
      --_packedAddressData[from]; // Updates: `balance -= 1`.
      ++_packedAddressData[to]; // Updates: `balance += 1`.

      // Updates:
      // - `address` to the next owner.
      // - `startTimestamp` to the timestamp of transfering.
      // - `burned` to `false`.
      // - `nextInitialized` to `true`.
      _packedOwnerships[tokenId] = _packOwnershipData(
        to,
        _BITMASK_NEXT_INITIALIZED |
          _nextExtraData(from, to, prevOwnershipPacked)
      );

      // If the next slot may not have been initialized (i.e. `nextInitialized == false`) .
      if (prevOwnershipPacked & _BITMASK_NEXT_INITIALIZED == 0) {
        uint256 nextTokenId = tokenId + 1;
        // If the next slot's address is zero and not burned (i.e. packed value is zero).
        if (_packedOwnerships[nextTokenId] == 0) {
          // If the next slot is within bounds.
          if (nextTokenId != _currentIndex) {
            // Initialize the next slot to maintain correctness for `ownerOf(tokenId + 1)`.
            _packedOwnerships[nextTokenId] = prevOwnershipPacked;
          }
        }
      }
    }

    emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);
    _afterTokenTransfers(from, to, tokenId, 1);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Equivalent to `safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, '')`.
   */
  function safeTransferFrom(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId
  ) public payable virtual override {
    safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, "");
  }

  /**
   * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
   * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token
   * by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
   * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement
   * {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
   */
  function safeTransferFrom(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId,
    bytes memory _data
  ) public payable virtual override {
    transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);
    if (to.code.length != 0)
      if (!_checkContractOnERC721Received(from, to, tokenId, _data)) {
        revert TransferToNonERC721ReceiverImplementer();
      }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Hook that is called before a set of serially-ordered token IDs
   * are about to be transferred. This includes minting.
   * And also called before burning one token.
   *
   * `startTokenId` - the first token ID to be transferred.
   * `quantity` - the amount to be transferred.
   *
   * Calling conditions:
   *
   * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `from`'s `tokenId` will be
   * transferred to `to`.
   * - When `from` is zero, `tokenId` will be minted for `to`.
   * - When `to` is zero, `tokenId` will be burned by `from`.
   * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
   */
  function _beforeTokenTransfers(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 startTokenId,
    uint256 quantity
  ) internal virtual {}

  /**
   * @dev Hook that is called after a set of serially-ordered token IDs
   * have been transferred. This includes minting.
   * And also called after one token has been burned.
   *
   * `startTokenId` - the first token ID to be transferred.
   * `quantity` - the amount to be transferred.
   *
   * Calling conditions:
   *
   * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `from`'s `tokenId` has been
   * transferred to `to`.
   * - When `from` is zero, `tokenId` has been minted for `to`.
   * - When `to` is zero, `tokenId` has been burned by `from`.
   * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
   */
  function _afterTokenTransfers(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 startTokenId,
    uint256 quantity
  ) internal virtual {}

  /**
   * @dev Private function to invoke {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on a target contract.
   *
   * `from` - Previous owner of the given token ID.
   * `to` - Target address that will receive the token.
   * `tokenId` - Token ID to be transferred.
   * `_data` - Optional data to send along with the call.
   *
   * Returns whether the call correctly returned the expected magic value.
   */
  function _checkContractOnERC721Received(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId,
    bytes memory _data
  ) private returns (bool) {
    try
      ERC721A__IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received(
        _msgSenderERC721A(),
        from,
        tokenId,
        _data
      )
    returns (bytes4 retval) {
      return retval == ERC721A__IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received.selector;
    } catch (bytes memory reason) {
      if (reason.length == 0) {
        revert TransferToNonERC721ReceiverImplementer();
      } else {
        assembly {
          revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // =============================================================
  //                        MINT OPERATIONS
  // =============================================================

  /**
   * @dev Mints `quantity` tokens and transfers them to `to`.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `quantity` must be greater than 0.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event for each mint.
   */
  function _mint(address to, uint256 quantity) internal virtual {
    uint256 startTokenId = _currentIndex;
    if (quantity == 0) revert MintZeroQuantity();

    _beforeTokenTransfers(address(0), to, startTokenId, quantity);

    // Overflows are incredibly unrealistic.
    // `balance` and `numberMinted` have a maximum limit of 2**64.
    // `tokenId` has a maximum limit of 2**256.
    unchecked {
      // Updates:
      // - `balance += quantity`.
      // - `numberMinted += quantity`.
      //
      // We can directly add to the `balance` and `numberMinted`.
      _packedAddressData[to] += quantity * ((1 << _BITPOS_NUMBER_MINTED) | 1);

      // Updates:
      // - `address` to the owner.
      // - `startTimestamp` to the timestamp of minting.
      // - `burned` to `false`.
      // - `nextInitialized` to `quantity == 1`.
      _packedOwnerships[startTokenId] = _packOwnershipData(
        to,
        _nextInitializedFlag(quantity) | _nextExtraData(address(0), to, 0)
      );

      uint256 toMasked;
      uint256 end = startTokenId + quantity;

      // Use assembly to loop and emit the `Transfer` event for gas savings.
      // The duplicated `log4` removes an extra check and reduces stack juggling.
      // The assembly, together with the surrounding Solidity code, have been
      // delicately arranged to nudge the compiler into producing optimized opcodes.
      assembly {
        // Mask `to` to the lower 160 bits, in case the upper bits somehow aren't clean.
        toMasked := and(to, _BITMASK_ADDRESS)
        // Emit the `Transfer` event.
        log4(
          0, // Start of data (0, since no data).
          0, // End of data (0, since no data).
          _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, // Signature.
          0, // `address(0)`.
          toMasked, // `to`.
          startTokenId // `tokenId`.
        )

        // The `iszero(eq(,))` check ensures that large values of `quantity`
        // that overflows uint256 will make the loop run out of gas.
        // The compiler will optimize the `iszero` away for performance.
        for {
          let tokenId := add(startTokenId, 1)
        } iszero(eq(tokenId, end)) {
          tokenId := add(tokenId, 1)
        } {
          // Emit the `Transfer` event. Similar to above.
          log4(0, 0, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, 0, toMasked, tokenId)
        }
      }
      if (toMasked == 0) revert MintToZeroAddress();

      _currentIndex = end;
    }
    _afterTokenTransfers(address(0), to, startTokenId, quantity);
  }