this is accounted for why, despite all of our efforts in trying to boost domestic demand, we still end up relying so much on foreign demand whether in the forms of exports or foreign tourists. those are some reasons why i think thailand remains a good place to do business. i understand that some of them are speculative and i do not think that all those things will happen that easily. but certainly, some of the trends that we discuss are going to happen ; digital, automation, work - from - anywhere, at least they open the potential for us to mitigate many of the weaknesses that have held the thai economy back as well as open the potential for us to grow in a stronger and more sustainable manner going forward. i would like to thank again the japanese chamber of commerce ( jcc ) for kindly inviting me to give a talk today and, even more importantly, to thank the jcc and its members page 10 of 11 for the continued support in thailand. i understand that you have been an integral and important part of our countries development and i certainly hope that you will continue to be so for the years to come. thank you very much. page 11 of 11

##dicine technology, patients will able to come here because the technology allows them to talk to their doctor back in their home country while the actual medical treatments are provided by the doctor here in thailand. with such technology, they tend to increase the opportunity in creating more values from the traditional services that we have been offering ; not just in a higher valueadded way but in a more scalable way, using technology to increase the footprint of the medical tourism and wellness services. the fourth area might seem a bit far - fledged but it is something that has been constraining thailand ’ s ability to grow in the way that other countries have grown. that is the page 9 of 11 link again between digital work - from - anywhere technology and our stalled or delayed urbanization. thailand, oddly enough, is a country where level of urbanization, the percentage of population lives in large cities, is extremely low given our level of development. we are here in bangkok so we might not feel that because here in bangkok and eastern seaboard are all very crowded. however, the urbanization is all here in bangkok and the second - and thirdlargest cities are all close to bangkok. in contrast, the pattern of other countries, especially those that have grown quite rapidly, is largely due to the substantial growth of the urban middle class. people are coming to the cities as they want to live the middle - class urban lifestyle. this drives domestic consumption growth in a lot of countries in the region like indonesia or even for the countries that are more developed compared to thailand like south korea and malaysia. they have more even pattern of urbanization of cities where it follows the “ rank - size rule ” in which the second - largest city is typically half the size of the largest city, and the third city is half the size of the second city, and so forth. we see that in south korea and malaysia, but you do not see that in thailand. this is not only because of the technology but it has to do with our policies focusing on the centralization around bangkok. however, technologies such as remote working and work - from - anywhere increase the likelihood of a more decentralized growth. bangkok today becomes so large, so congested, and so expensive, which makes sense for people to relocate elsewhere if communication is not a constraint. if such relocation occurs and the growth of the second city rises, they will provide sustainable boost to domestic consumption growth from the urban middle class which has been lacking in thailand.