muhammad bin ibrahim : role and opportunities of the financial system in supporting green technology welcoming remarks by mr muhammad bin ibrahim, deputy governor of the central bank of malaysia, at the green technology financing bankers ’ conference, hosted by the central bank of malaysia and the institute of bankers malaysia ( ibbm ), kuala lumpur, 2 october 2012. * * * ladies and gentlemen, distinguished guests, introduction i am pleased to welcome you today to the green technology financing conference jointly hosted by bank negara malaysia and the institute of bankers malaysia ( ibbm ). this conference is timely and provides the industry with valuable opportunities to stay abreast with key developments in green technology financing and discuss transformative solutions to grow this new era of financing in a sustainable manner. my remarks today will hence focus on how the financial system can play a catalysing role in the development of a vibrant and dynamic green technology financing ecosystem, and to continuously support the needs of the economy in becoming a high value added high income economy by 2020. the world ’ s ecosystem is experiencing growing risks of climate change, resource depletion and environment degradation which have far reaching and irreversible ramifications for societies and economies. in the past 100 years, the global temperature has risen by 0. 74°c as carbon dioxide intensity has increased largely due to increasing use of fossil fuels. more than 80 % of our energy needs are currently derived from fossil fuels, exerting a huge burden on this non - renewable resource. the global forest acreage has reduced by 40 % in the last 300 years. in many countries around the continents, hectares of forests are lost annually, resulting in severe deforestation issues that will leave adverse consequences to future generations. sustainable development is hence paramount, necessitating financial support, strong political will and fundamental cultural changes to create the necessary enabling environment. increased awareness for sustainable development is beginning to profoundly change the behaviour of consumers, who are beginning to demand for more green solutions. this trend and awareness has begun to shape preferences for goods and services, as evident from a survey of young adults conducted by the boston consulting group where 73 % of respondents stated that green factors are amongst the key considerations in making purchasing decisions. more households and businesses are adopting green lifestyles – a trend that is already well - entrenched in many advanced countries and gaining rapid momentum in several developing economies, including in the asean region. the environmental products and services market globally is estimated to be worth usd1. 4 trillion. the growth potential

zeti akhtar aziz : central banking in the 21st century – implications of economic and financial globalisation opening remarks by dr zeti akhtar aziz, governor of the central bank of malaysia, at central bank of malaysia ’ s high level conference 2009 “ central banking in the 21st century : implications of economic and financial globalisation ”, kuala lumpur, 10 february 2009. * * * honourable governors, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen, it is my pleasure to welcome you to the bank negara malaysia conference on " central banking in the 21st century : implications of economic and financial globalisation " that is being held in conjunction with the 50th anniversary of bank negara malaysia. indeed, the conference takes place at a time when we need to reflect on the many issues that are emerging from the current global financial and economic crisis and the new challenges and lessons it brings to central banks. we are most honoured by the presence of central banks from more than 50 countries who have come to be with us on the occasion of our 50th anniversary. this gathering has also brought together distinguished speakers not only from the central banking community but also outstanding scholars and senior practitioners from the financial services industry. it is hoped that this conference will contribute to a greater understanding to the issues confronting central banks in the 21st century. indeed, we are now in a world that is fundamentally different, a world that calls for a greater appreciation of the changes that need to be made to the systems and structures, to the institutional arrangements and mechanisms, and to the manner in which we operate in this new environment. the international dimension of these changes calls for an outcome in which the international financial system is less prone to disruptions and failures and in which economic progress is a shared prosperity among nations. globalisation has had a deep impact on the way modern economies function. the benefits of globalisation have accrued to diverse communities and regions but it has also brought with it significant risks. while the asian crisis showed the effects of globalisation, it also showed that asia was able to rapidly rebound and continue to benefit from increased international trade and financial flows. the rapid restoration of stability and resumption of growth had confined the crisis to asia. as the current financial crisis is translated into an economic crisis, its repercussions are now being felt on a global scale. while the turmoil had its origins in the developed economies, its continued escalation has extended the effects of the crisis to the rest of the world. economic and financial globalisation thus not only