samchain/econo-pairs-v2 huggingface dataset:
is not jeopardized and right lessons are drawn for future guidance. it is, therefore, important that some meaningful research could be conducted into 3 – 4 of these stalled projects, undertaking a threadbare analysis of the development of the project from scratch including the means and structures used for obtaining finance, extent and quality of equity brought in by the promoters, subsequent developments at various project stages, end outcome and so on and develop them as case studies for reference not only at management institutes but also by all stakeholders including government machinery, regulators etc. conclusion 27. i have listed in brief a few basic issues that need the attention of researchers. these are indicative in nature and deal with the core areas that the bankers deal with in their everyday functioning. besides, the issues that i have discussed in details above, some of the average over april – january 2012 – 13. bis central bankers ’ speeches researchers present here could also focus their studies on the behavioral impact of credit guarantee schemes and interest rate subsidy on the end users and the intermediaries. couple of other areas in which i would like to see some quality research done is on whether financial inclusion efforts should be savings led or credit led ; and entire gamut of issues surrounding education loans. another interesting area of research could be the policy of public sector banks with regard to posting of officers to rural branches as i feel this aspect has a significant bearing on progress in agriculture and msme credit in rural areas. 28. while i have spoken enough about the subjects for research, there are issues related to research methodology per se. the first and foremost of which is, whether adequate and reliable data is available. very often, even within rbi also we have to grapple with inconsistent, incoherent and incomplete data sets which severely undermine policy formulation. there are also problems around data design and data architecture like varied definitions, different reporting dates, etc. quality of research would also depend a lot on the survey methods employed, adequacy of sample used etc. what could be done to address these issues? 29. before i close, i would like to thank the organizers once again for inviting me to this first ever banking research conference. the issues that i have raised during my address today are not exhaustive and i am sure there are many more interesting research ideas which would be engaging the attention of our researchers. i hope to see some quality analytical research conducted in banking in the days to come. i wish the conference all the success and hope that the del

##iberations are engaging and insightful. references report on trend and progress of banking in india 2014 – 15 and financial stability report december 2015 ( rbi ) re - embracing keynes ( scholars, admirers and sceptics in the aftermath of the crisis ( maria cristina marcuzzo ) rural india : report by iifl institutional equities bis central bankers ’ speeches
is principally a commemoration of the contribution, which staff and board members have made to the bank and to the country, over the last five decades. the history of the bank of uganda is the history of the people who have served in the bank. congratulations to you all ; you have served the bank and our nation well. thank you for listening to me. bis central bankers ’ speeches

emmanuel tumusiime - mutebile : the national commemoration of the bank of uganda ’ s 50th anniversary opening remarks by mr emmanuel tumusiime - mutebile, governor of the bank of uganda, at the national commemoration of the bank of uganda ’ s 50th anniversary, kampala, 3 august 2016. * * * your excellency the president honourable ministers honourable members of parliament former governors of the bank of uganda governors and deputy governors of our fellow central banks in the region members of the diplomatic corps distinguished guests ladies and gentlemen, i would like to thank all of you for taking the time to be with us this morning, on the occasion of the bank of uganda ’ s 50th anniversary. i would especially like to express my gratitude to his excellency the president for gracing this occasion with his presence and showing his support for the bank of uganda. the history of the bank of uganda over the last fifty years reflects, in many respects, the history of independent uganda. like our country, the bank has experienced both good times and bad. during the 1970s and 1980s the bank suffered, along with the rest of ugandan society, from political and economic turbulence and the breakdown of governance. our first governor, dr. joseph mary mubiru, was abducted and murdered in 1971, a fate he shared with tens of thousands of his fellow citizens. we honour his memory every year with the joseph mubiru memorial lecture. during the years of turbulence, many staff of the bank of uganda strove bravely and tirelessly, against numerous obstacles, to keep the bank functioning properly for the welfare of all ugandans. the second half of the bank ’ s 50 years of existence has undoubtedly been more propitious than the first. over the course of the last three decades, the bank of uganda has played its part, first in putting the economy back on its feet and then supporting a sustained recovery of real growth in the economy. economic recovery would not have been possible, of course, without the restoration of peace and security in the country and the rebuilding of the institutions of government. i would like to highlight two areas where the bank of uganda has made a crucial contribution to the recovery of the ugandan economy. the first is the control of inflation, which began in the early 1990s. inflation was brought under control by a combination of fiscal and monetary reforms. the ministry of finance curbed domestic borrowing to finance the fiscal deficit and the bank of uganda controlled the growth of the money supply
this note, i would like to thank you for your attention and active participation over the last few days and look forward to working with all of you on building a fintech platform for seychelles. thank you. 1 / 2 bis central bankers'speeches 2 / 2 bis central bankers'speeches

caroline abel : closing remarks - fintech seychelles workshop closing remarks by ms caroline abel, governor of central bank of seychelles, at the fintech seychelles workshop, mahe, 10 may 2019. * * * secretary of state, deputy executive director, alliance for financial inclusion, programme leader, world bank group, representatives of central banks, distinguished guests, ladies and gentleman, good morning. the past two - and - a - half days have been an insightful journey for us all, especially the local stakeholders, as it has provided us with the necessary interactions to help demystify the concept of fintech. if there is one thing that has become clear from the discussions, it is this : it is important for us to be on the same page if we are to embrace the opportunities and efficiently mitigate the risks that technological advances bring to the financial sector and indeed, the economy as a whole. we are now better equipped with much - needed information for the work to begin on drawing up our national fintech strategy ; one that clearly outlines what can and what needs to be done, by whom, and in what timeframe. the challenge that we now face – and it is not an unsurmountable one – is to educate and empower our local population, so that they embrace the move towards more digitalisation with less suspicion, and eventually see the benefits that fintech can bring to their daily lives. the fact that seychelles is small, means that we can do things more efficiently and roll out new initiatives faster, with the support and participation of all relevant stakeholders and partners. at this juncture, i take the opportunity to express our sincere appreciation to our international partners, notably the world bank and the alliance for financial inclusion, without whom this event would not have had the same high - level of engagement and interaction. we are also grateful for the learning experiences and innovative ideas shared by all our moderators, panellists and delegates – your active participation is much appreciated and has contributed to the success of this workshop. my final word of thanks is extended to the local financial sector regulators and financial industry players who have shown a keen interest in moving the fintech agenda forward. the end of this workshop today signals the beginning of much work that cannot be done in silos, if we are to move the financial sector into the digital and technological era. i therefore urge all partners to keep this momentum going and stay on course with our target of delivering a national fintech strategy by the end of 2019. on
liquidity. with that, carolyn and i will be happy to respond to your questions. bis central bankers ’ speeches

a changing economy – should policymakers act? speech at the new year ’ s reception of the cologne chamber of industry and commerce 09. 01. 2020 | cologne | claudia buch 1 economic activity and monetary policy 2 structural changes 3 role of economic policy 4 conclusion dr gorg, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for your kind welcome and for inviting me to cologne. it gives me great pleasure to be able to speak to you today – and the subject of my speech, entitled “ a changing economy – should policymakers act? ” couldn ’ t be better suited to cologne. cologne has been in a constant state of change throughout history, and has reinvented itself time and again. • as a former hanseatic city and an important trade fair location, cologne represents cosmopolitanism and integration. • however, it is also renowned for education – the university of cologne is among the most prestigious educational establishments in germany, not least in the field of economics. • last but not least, cologne is characterised by its successful economic transition. barely any other city has so fully mastered the shift towards service provision and the media industry – it isn ’ t just the wdr public broadcasting institution and the rtl television channel that make cologne a key media hub today. but as i ’ m sure you ’ re all aware, economic success doesn ’ t come out of nowhere. a certain rhenish pragmatism in the spirit of “ es kutt wie es kutt ” ( which roughly translates as “ what will be, will be ” ) and “ et hatt noch emmer joot jejange ”, or “ if it worked out yesterday, it will work out again tomorrow ” never hurt anyone. that said, economic success is also the result of good planning on the basis of reliable facts. the challenges set out for the new decade certainly haven ’ t grown fewer in number. three trends, in particular, are set to fundamentally change the economic environment : • demographics, • decarbonisation, and • digitalisation. all of you here today must perceive change, manage it, and make the right decisions in an uncertain economic environment. but that alone is not enough. it is also essential that policymakers set the right course and the right regulatory policy framework. this is because functioning markets are a driver of growth and of societal prosperity. yet there are also areas in which we cannot rely on private market forces alone, and where political action is necessary if the markets are to function
at the same time honours our history and our culture. we ’ ve added tactile marks for the blind so that they will now be able to identify the different denominations without assistance. our thanks to the barbados association for the blind and deaf and the barbados council for the disabled for their help. finally, i invite you to visit our website or our facebook page to learn more about the new notes. we also have explanatory flyers and booklets available and we will be conducting training sessions for businesses and interested individuals leading up to the issue of the first of the new notes on june 4. thank you. bis central bankers ’ speeches

fact, i struggled quite a bit. but something clicked for me when i saw a classmate of mine succeed. if he could do it, i knew i could too. i asked for a second chance, and i grabbed it with both hands, set my goals and worked hard to achieve them. and here i am today, standing before you as the governor of the central bank of barbados. don't just take my word for it, even paul in the bible speaks about the importance of having a goal and pressing on, " brothers and sisters, i do not consider myself yet to have taken hold of it. but one thing i do : forgetting what is behind and straining toward what is ahead, i press on toward the goal to win the prize... " embracing a vision and positive mindset one thing that's helped me through life is having a clear vision and a positive mindset. i constantly visualised where i wanted to be and believed that i could get there. and you can do the same. imagine yourself reaching your goals. picture yourself succeeding. start each day telling yourself, " yes, i can be the best cosmetologist, mason, artisan, whatever ". you can be. trust me, those positive thoughts will help you overcome any challenges you face. and i refer here to physical and people obstacles. before i get out of bed on mornings, i do my affirmations. i reflect on how blessed i am and i give thanks for those blessings. i affirm that i am and who i am. trust me, those affirmations help me to conquer the most difficult of situations, overcome adversities, and show me how to optimise the opportunities that present. 2 / 5 bis - central bankers'speeches my staff here would tell you i practise positivity in thought, word, and deed by consciously choosing to focus on the good in every situation, no matter how challenging it may seem. it involves training your mind to see opportunities instead of obstacles, finding gratitude in everyday moments, and believing in your ability to overcome difficulties. in your words, aim to uplift and encourage those around you by offering compliments, expressing gratitude, and speaking kindly to yourself and others. your deeds should reflect this positive mindset through acts of kindness, compassion, and support. whether it's helping a friend in need, volunteering your time, or simply sharing a smile, these actions create a ripple effect, spreading
the possible difficulties should they lock themselves into a high level of debt payment obligations. financial institutions might be able to help some households in this regard by looking for ways that households both renters and homeowners - can shield themselves from unexpected payment shocks. one way homeowners attempt to manage their payment risk is to use fixed - rate mortgages, which typically allow homeowners to prepay their debt when interest rates fall but do not involve an increase in payments when interest rates rise. homeowners pay a lot of money for the right to refinance and for the insurance against increasing mortgage payments. calculations by market analysts of the “ option adjusted spread ” on mortgages suggest that the cost of these benefits conferred by fixed - rate mortgages can range from 0. 5 percent to 1. 2 percent, raising homeowners ’ annual after - tax mortgage payments by several thousand dollars. indeed, recent research within the federal reserve suggests that many homeowners might have saved tens of thousands of dollars had they held adjustable - rate mortgages rather than fixed - rate mortgages during the past decade, though this would not have been the case, of course, had interest rates trended sharply upward. american homeowners clearly like the certainty of fixed mortgage payments. this preference is in striking contrast to the situation in some other countries, where adjustable - rate mortgages are far more common and where efforts to introduce american - type fixed - rate mortgages generally have not been successful. fixed - rate mortgages seem unduly expensive to households in other countries. one possible reason is that these mortgages effectively charge homeowners high fees for protection against rising interest rates and for the right to refinance. american consumers might benefit if lenders provided greater mortgage product alternatives to the traditional fixed - rate mortgage. to the degree that households are driven by fears of payment shocks but are willing to manage their own interest rate risks, the traditional fixed - rate mortgage may be an expensive method of financing a home. conclusion in evaluating household debt burdens, one must remember that debt - to - income ratios have been rising for at least a half century. with household assets rising as well, the ratio of net worth to income is currently somewhat higher than its long - run average. so long as financial intermediation continues to expand, both household debt and assets are likely to rise faster than income. without an examination of what is happening to both assets and liabilities, it is difficult to ascertain

the true burden of debt service. overall, the household sector seems to be in good shape, and much of the apparent increase in the household sector ’ s debt ratios over the past decade reflects factors that do not suggest increasing household financial stress. and, in fact, during the past two years, debt service ratios have been stable.
need to consider the rapid ageing of the population, which will depress potential growth. let ’ s now look at the current situation. the ecb is more sceptical than many economists – many would even say “ pessimistic ” – when it comes to the economic outlook. what is that assessment based on? i wouldn ’ t say that we are pessimistic. we are currently seeing the confirmation of what we have been expecting since december : the euro area is recovering very slowly in the course of the year, and that improvement will continue next year. however, there is no reason for our growth forecasts to go shooting up, and that is why we remain cautious. and that is why the ecb is continuing to try to use its forward guidance to shield the euro area economy from rising market interest rates in the event that the ultra - loose monetary policy in the united states comes to an end? our forward guidance comprises two elements : it aims to further clarify our views regarding the economic situation and the manner in which we intend to react to it. it is important to note that the united states and the euro area are at completely different stages of the economic cycle. here in the euro area economy, an imminent change in the direction of monetary policy would certainly come far too early. but how realistic is decoupling from the united states? the markets, at any rate, don ’ t seem to have all that much faith in that prospect, if you look at the rising money market rates. i think it ’ s a little early to be judging that. overall, we believe that we ’ ve been successful in reducing the volatility of rates. we ’ ve been moderately successful as regards the actual level of interest rates. rates have risen on account of positive economic data. it remains to be seen how the situation will develop in the likely presence of further cautiously positive data. and if things do not go according to plan, will the ecb reduce its key interest rates again or conduct new ltros? we will continue to monitor the situation. we haven ’ t said any more than that. sometimes you have to keep calm, rather than coming up with something new every month. why is the ecb not publishing inflation projections beyond 2014? if those projections were below the 2 % mark, that could be a strong signal that an increase in key interest rates was not to be expected in the foreseeable future. bis central bankers ’ speeches we have just published our

bis central bankers ’ speeches
mauritius will no doubt oversee the workings of this market to ensure that risks are properly controlled, that banks have adequate capital to support the risks taken and that there is adequate transparency regarding the size and nature of the derivates market as it unfolds in the future. i am personally hopeful that operators will put in place adequate systems for measuring, managing and controlling on - going risks being taken on board. most people would have learnt the necessary lessons from the collapse of barings. but other types of risks associated with derivative trading can crop up and it would be necessary to put in place an adequate number of safeguards against unexpected market movements to ensure prudent and sound management of the banking environment. derivatives are seen in this context as a vital tool for risk management provided they are carefully handled and there is sufficient capital to support unexpected losses. i am confident that the additional dimension that can be given to our financial sector activity by embarking on the derivatives market will enhance the market environment and increase the job satisfaction of our qualified treasurers by putting into their hands a wider range of tools to work with. i am sure that the workshop will help to reinforce your confidence in your ability to deliver on the products, given the extensive experience of your main presenter at the workshop. may i wish you successful deliberations so that all of you come out better equipped by the end of this workshop. thank you

##loying progressively some of the funds earmarked for this special line of credit, if, for whatever reason, the demand is not there. again, congratulations to the management of bank of baroda for adding this ninth branch to your network. i have no doubt that you will do your utmost to serve the best interest of the community. thank you. bis central bankers ’ speeches