price stability. as you know, the strategy selected by the governing council of the ecb comprises a quantitative definition of price stability, which should contribute to anchoring long - term inflation expectations, as well as the two so - called pillars. the quantification of the primary objective, combined with the transparency and the credibility of the eurosystem, provides the most important guidance to financial markets. our monetary policy should contribute to keeping inflation expectations safely below 2 %. this ensures a high degree of likelihood that future price developments will be consistent with the definition of price stability. the governing council bases its monetary policy discussions on the information revealed by the two pillars of its strategy. the first pillar is a prominent role for money, implying that monetary and credit developments are thoroughly analysed for their information content with regard to future price developments and risks to price stability. the prominent role for money is signalled by the announcement of a quantitative reference value for monetary growth in terms of m3. i like to emphasise again that the m3 reference value is not a monetary target. monetary policy will not react mechanistically to deviations of m3 growth from the reference value. the second pillar is a broadly based assessment of the outlook for price developments. this comprises analysis of many individual non - monetary indicators. we also look at macroeconomic forecasts prepared both externally and internally. i know that some analysts in the market would prefer if the eurosystem had a very simple strategy, where interest rates are changed quasi - automatically in response to a few ( or even a single ) observable variable ( s ). some would prefer monetary targeting, others favour inflation targeting. i acknowledge that our strategy is complex. however, we have to recognise that we live in a rather complex economic world and that there are additional uncertainties related to the changeover to the new regime of monetary union in the euro area. it would therefore be impossible for the eurosystem to conduct a successful policy by mechanistically following a simple rule whereby policy decisions are closely linked to a few indicator variables or to a central inflation projection at a particular point in time. two key features of the ecb ’ s communication with the public and the markets are our monthly bulletins and the monthly press conferences. the latter usually directly follow the first governing council meeting of each month. by these means we publicly conduct a detailed review of current monetary, financial and other economic developments in the euro area against the background of the strategy. this aims at illustrating

the application of the strategy in practice, guiding market expectations. although the strategy is complex, we generally try to end with an overall assessment which summarises the opinion of the council on the future situation. the press conference provides prompt information in an even - handed way, and it offers the opportunity for immediate two - way communication. as far as i am aware, no other central bank regularly communicates with the public in such a prompt and open manner immediately after its monetary policy meetings. we are convinced that this contributes to reducing uncertainty in the markets and thus gives important and clear guidance, also with regard to short - term policy moves. in this respect, one should recognise that the ecb is facing a completely new environment. we do not only have to decide on the single monetary policy for a new monetary area comprising 11 independent countries, but also to communicate with the public and markets of these 11 countries, which were used to quite different monetary policy strategies and communication policies in the past. this diversity of monetary history, communication and culture across the euro area obviously constitutes a great challenge for communicating in a comprehensible and transparent way both with the general public and the markets. obviously, journalists, financial markets and the public are still in the process of learning the new strategy of monetary policy in the euro area and, over time, the eurosystem will further improve its communication. let me finally address the third part of your question : ( “ does more information necessarily mean better guidance? ” ). i am convinced that it is misleading to assume that more information always means better policy and a clearer guidance to the market. what is important is that the information given to the public is clearly structured and understandable, avoids adding uncertainty and is provided in an even - handed way. the eurosystem ’ s monetary policy strategy has been designed with these aims in mind. moreover, as indicated, a high degree of credibility of monetary policy can make a substantial contribution to reducing uncertainty in the markets and is thus a key aim of our policy. what is clearly more important than the amount of information given is that the communication policy, as part of the strategy, is consistent with the structure of the internal decision - making process. i can assure you that this is indeed the case. during the monthly press conferences, i make an introductory statement summarising the governing council ’ s discussions and conclusions before answering questions from journalists. as the statement is agreed, in substance, with all the council members beforehand, it is