serious robberies which had disclosed a need to raise the level of security in relation to cash handling. at the same time, a number of security standards were laid down, which must be observed by all cash - in - transit companies. together we have come a long way in terms of meeting the new standards – and we will get there. when we do that, the main objective of danmarks nationalbank ’ s co - ownership of bks will have been fulfilled. we will still consider security aspects and lay down requirements, but danmarks nationalbank will no longer be a natural co - owner of a company like bks. but as with the other jointly owned companies we will not simply abandon bks. there is still plenty of work to be done. in due course, danmarks nationalbank will retire from the group of owners in an orderly manner. * * * now let me turn to the potentially increased role of non - banks in the field of payments in the coming years. there is a clear trend. danmarks nationalbank ’ s payment instrument – cash – is becoming less and less important. cash as a share of retail turnover has dived sharply over the years, and this trend is set to continue. banks still account for the vast majority of payments, and when it comes to new payment solutions, the banks ’ products – such as mobilepay and swipp – get all the attention. but the widespread popularity of these solutions shows that this is a dynamic area which could rapidly undergo significant changes. a recent report from the danish payments council makes a broad distinction between two categories of non - banks that could become significant players in the field of payments. one is firms receiving payments, who see an advantage in offering customers their own solutions. there can be several reasons why a firm chooses to launch its own payment solution, but in most cases it is a desire to provide optimum customer service, thereby boosting turnover. the other category comprises a wide range of non - bank providers of payment services. their payment services vary considerably, but a common feature is that these services do not include deposit accounts. the providers often rely on existing account structures or payment solutions, are not in possession of the customers ’ funds at any point during the payment process and primarily want to collect data – not to make a profit from the actual payment transactions. non - banks offering payment services are currently regulated by the e - money and payment services directives. these two directives lay down rules for e -

act dates back to 1936 it is actually future - proof : it does not distinguish between cash payments and electronic payments, and the objective of today ’ s oversight is clearly defined. the objective of danmarks nationalbank oversight is to ensure safe and efficient settlement of payments in denmark. in terms of audit and supervision, oversight may seem to be somewhat elastic, but that is because yesterday ’ s safe and efficient solutions are not necessarily safe and efficient today. it is important that the infrastructure – the “ tracks ” – is always prepared for the needs of citizens and firms for convenient, fast and safe payments. examples of this are the intradagclearing and the forthcoming straksclearing. in my opinion, the banks and danmarks nationalbank have shown due diligence by “ straightening the tracks ” so that the trains can run faster. on top of that, the new, automated liquidity tools provide enhanced security. this supports new payment options, such as swipp and mobilepay. without the new systems, i think it would have been increasingly difficult to explain to users why it may take several days to settle payments. for retailers, the straksclearing offers settlement finality for credit transfers, unlike e. g. dankort payments, for which retailers only have a guarantee that they will receive the first 4, 000 kr. so the straksclearing paves the way for digital development in the field of payments. for the economy it is extremely important that electronic payments can be effected in a safe and efficient manner, and that people have faith in them. like other central banks, including the ecb, danmarks nationalbank intends to strengthen its oversight of payment solutions. oversight will be targeted at systemically important payment solutions in denmark, currently the dankort, betalingsservice and credit transfers. this will support safe and efficient payments – in shops, online and when transferring funds between accounts. since nets and the danish bankers association are responsible for the payment solutions, you will be receiving a letter about the enhanced oversight. as usual, it will be based on good and close cooperation. although oversight is resource - intensive for all parties, including danmarks nationalbank, i am convinced that danmarks nationalbank ’ s oversight of the payments infrastructure boosts one of your key assets when it comes to payments – trust. bis central bankers ’ speeches but how about the “ third parties ”? can they fly below danmarks nationalbank ’