from its financial knowledge, we have little evidence regarding the general economic knowledge of the spanish population. given this situation, questions have been included in the financial competence survey that aim to measure, inter - alia, knowledge of certain key concepts, such as inflation and money. in 2018 we will have the results of the survey, which will enable us to analyse on a sound basis the financial knowledge of the adult population in spain and to identify those areas on which the financial education plan needs to focus. future activities will be based on this information. to conclude, i should like to join the chairman of the national securities market commission in expressing my sincere and deep gratitude for the work and effort over the past eight years of all those persons and institutions who have collaborated directly or indirectly on the financial education plan. thank you very much your attention and i hope you will enjoy this event. 5 / 5

choongsoo kim : asia ’ s role in reviving global growth and financial stability dinner speech by mr choongsoo kim, governor of the bank of korea, at the international conference organized by the asian development bank, the institute of international finance, the kb financial group and the institute for global economics, seoul, 17 may 2012. * * * good evening, ladies and gentlemen. it is a privilege and a pleasure for me to speak here this evening. i am extremely grateful to chairman sakong for inviting me. as we have just enjoyed some splendid food, to boost our health and energy, i hope that my address now may serve as substantial food for thought for everyone in this room. i may risk ruining your appetites for dessert and coffee, but being a central bank governor, as you know, it is my job to take away the punch bowl when the party gets going. i would like to first briefly review recent economic and financial developments in the global economy, before addressing the challenges and opportunities faced by asia in repositioning itself in the new global financial scene. i. where do we stand? after four years of financial turbulence and economic uncertainty, the global economy is still in trouble, despite some signs of recovery from the fallout of the global financial crisis. the global economic outlook is improving only slowly, and the pace of recovery is uneven across regions. the us economy appears to have turned the corner, with improved risk appetite and real activities, while asia is leading world economic growth, albeit at a level below its potential so far. the euro area, on the other hand, has yet to escape the specter of its twin crises and stagnant growth. given its sheer economic size and dominant share in global banking, the euro area has been the major source of risk to global growth and financial stability over the past two years or so. the recent large - scale liquidity operation by the ecb, the so - called ltro, has helped to calm the financial markets and stabilize sovereign debt dynamics, at least temporarily. the ltro ’ s purpose, as i understand it, is to buy precious time for the conduct of necessary fiscal reforms and bank restructuring. unfortunately, the positive effects of the ltro seem to have been waning recently. the sovereign spreads of the highly - indebted countries are on the rise again, while the abundant liquidity is being hoarded by banks amid little signs of any increase in lending. i hope that the time bought by