banks are expanding their size and services to cater to fast increasing customer needs through technology enabled payment systems, internet based access and innovative service delivery modes. other important business activities of banks such as participation in securities, currency and money markets, besides compliance functions like reserve maintenance, regulatory reporting etc. are all having processes heavily dependent on information technology. even in case of internal work processes having large component of manual processing, dependence on computers and it based communication mechanism is increasingly felt. overall, banks are dependent on it based systems for almost all of their activities, although the level of sophistication and refinement in such systems may vary from bank to bank or across activities or banking industry segments ( commercial banks, cooperative banks etc. ). reasons for this are not far to seek. technology has become essential component for customer related and market related activities and participant banks cannot meet the requirements imposed by timelines or volumes without leveraging on technology. even for backend and internal work processes, cost and time constraints are pushing banks to lean upon technology. it may not be possible to store and retrieve huge amounts of customer data, transaction data and business information, but for the power of technology based systems. more so, the globalization, competition and compliance requirements make it imperative for banks to increasingly use it based platforms and applications for most of their activities. it has become necessary for banks to use modern marketing as well as customer service tools to survive in a competitive environment ; which involve large scale data collection, analysis and efficient communication which are not possible without the help of it. it and financial inclusion it has a great role to play in furthering the financial inclusion drive, involving expansion of banking access to remote locations in a cost effective way. reaching banking to the excluded segments has been the focus of regulatory agenda and many initiatives have been taken in this regard. of the 74, 414 villages with a population of more than 2000 identified as unbanked, 74, 199 ( 99. 7 per cent ) villages have already been provided with banking services, on the back of concerted efforts of the banking fraternity encouraged by the government and reserve bank of india. in the next stage, it has been proposed to cover unbanked villages with population less than 2000. considering the vast geographical expanse of the country, bis central bankers ’ speeches such a gigantic task would not be possible at all without the help of technology. technology has the potential to cut down the costs, bring down the barriers and make the financial inclusion a viable business

been ( iea ) states that declining at an average rate of 3 per cent per year during the last three decades to 0. 25 tonnes of co2 per 1000 us dollars in 2021, indicating relative decoupling since the 1991 peak. the climate change performance index ( ccpi ) – published annually since 2005 by german watch, a non - profit non - governmental organisation that lobbies for sustainable development – is an independent monitoring tool for tracking countries ’ climate protection performance. it increases transparency in national and international climate policy and enables comparison of individual countries ’ climate protection efforts and progress. india is among the high performing countries in the index. india earns a high rating in the ghg emissions and energy use categories, with a medium rating for climate policy and renewable energy. the country is on track to meet its 2030 emissions targets ( compatible with a well - below 2°c scenario ). since the last ccpi, india has updated its nationally determined contributions ( ndcs ) and announced a net zero target for 2070. green initiatives in india by july 2023, renewable energy ( including hydro ) installed capacity stood at 177 giga watts ( gw ), accounting for 42 per cent of total installed capacity, but renewable energy accounts for only 27. 2 per cent of total generation. india ’ s clean energy target is 500 gw by 2030. capacity under construction is around 80 gw, taking the total available capacity to about 250 gw. the required capacity addition is another 250 gw by 2030. india needs to add 25 gw of renewable energy capacity annually for the next eight years, which would involve an investment of us $ 15 to 16 billion ( ₹1, 25, 000 crore ). this implies that renewable energy ( including hydro ) installed capacity should increase at a rate of 16. 4 per cent. globally, the sales of electric vehicles ( evs ) have crossed the 10 million mark in 2022 with a year - on - year ( y - o - y ) growth of 55 per cent. the share of evs in total new sales is rising rapidly in india and sales have crossed 1 million in 2022. estimated ghg emissions under alternative growth scenarios emerging market and developing countries, including india, face a tradeoff : they must continue to prioritise growth aspirations, while pursuing climate related nationally determined goals. scenarios have been developed on india ’ s roadmap to net zero by 2070, conditional on different assumptions for real gdp growth