samchain/econo-pairs-v2 huggingface dataset:
world.

denis beau : the industry of confidence - how to build the financial sector of tomorrow speech by mr denis beau, first deputy governor of the bank of france, at the fintech r : evolution 2021, paris, 14 october 2021. * * * ladies and gentlemen, first of all, i would like to thank france fintech and its chairman alain clot for inviting me to take part once again in this major annual meeting of the french fintech industry : fintech r : evolution. at the banque de france and the acpr, we believe it is essential to maintain a sustained and high - level dialogue with all the innovative players in the french financial sector and, more importantly, to contribute, in our own right, to the vitality of the french fintech ecosystem. it is therefore with satisfaction that i observe, year after year, the strengthening of the ties and trust between the banque de france and france fintech. after the partnership concluded two years ago, the year 2021 marks a new step since we are co - organising this week dedicated to fintechs, the french fintech week. i see this as a concrete illustration of " team spirit ", which is an asset of the french financial centre and which i believe should be maintained and developed. with this in mind, i would like to share with you some observations on the ongoing transformation of the financial landscape, on its consequences for our role as central bank and supervisor, and finally on the challenges that we must not miss collectively. 1. the transformation of the financial landscape seems to be gaining momentum indeed, since the last edition of the fintech r : evolution event and my speech – by videoconference – last year, the french fintech landscape has already changed. first of all, of course, the health crisis and the ensuing social distancing have reinforced the digitalisation of practices, sped up the digital transition and strengthened the business models of many fintechs. on the flip side, it has also intensified cyber risks and highlighted the need for greater vigilance in the face of these operational risks, which have, and could have in the future, an increasingly marked systemic dimension. the year 2021 has also been the year of unicorns for french fintechs. more generally, t h e amount of funds raised, as regularly published by france fintech, has increased spectacularly : eur 1. 7 billion at the end of august 2021, compared to eur 830 million in 2020...
durmus yılmaz : central bank achievements and opportunities in turkey speech by mr durmus yılmaz, governor of the central bank of the republic of turkey, to members of the press at the central bank of the republic of turkey, ankara, 18 april 2006. * * * dear press members, i have been appointed governor of the central bank, which was vacated by former governor mr. sureyya serdengecti due to his retirement after having completed his five - year term on 14 march 2006 at the end of the business hours, and which has been filled temporarily by dr. erdem bascı as acting governor since then. i have worked in various positions of the central bank of the republic of turkey since 1980. as you have been closely following, many achievements have been made since then, especially in the last couple of years, that will always be remembered as the turning points in our economic history. distinguished members of the press, as a result of the legal amendments made in 2001, the greatest achievement in the area of monetary policy has been the attainment of the “ central bank independence ”. accordingly ; “ the bank shall, with the objective to achieve and maintain price stability, be authorized to utilize monetary policy instruments described in this law and shall also be authorized to directly determine and implement other monetary policy instruments that it deems appropriate. ” as expressed in the law on the central bank. such an authorization is called “ instrument independence ” in the modern economic literature. on the way to price stability, the inflation target is determined jointly with the government. as you know, these targets have been determined and announced as follows : 5 percent for 2006, 4 percent for 2007, 4 percent for 2008 our primary objective is to attain these targets. the central bank will support the growth and employment policies of the government, unless it conflicts with this objective. likewise, with the law no : 1211, the central bank has been entrusted with the power of establishing the “ exchange rate regime ” jointly with the government. the floating exchange rate regime, which was introduced within this framework, will continue to be implemented, preserving its basic implementation framework. turkey has grasped a golden opportunity to get rid of the damage created by inflation with which it has had to live more than 30 years. the period of “ declining inflation ” is about to end. our next objective will be to achieve and preserve the price stability. this will be the most significant contribution of the central bank in mob

##ilizing the growth potential of our country. thank you.
that goal by first adopting the simpler approaches of basel ii. i hope i have given you a broad background in these introductory remarks to set the stage for the seminar. i am confident that close cooperation by various stakeholders and specialized resource persons including creditors, regulators, risk management strategists, financial analysts and credit risk modelers, will go a long way to make for the efficient and productive implementation of basel ii in mauritius. to that end, this seminar represents an important contribution and i take the opportunity to praise kpmg once again for taking the initiative. i thank you for your attention.

professionals in the industry with higher kills. there is no way we can move to higher income levels without a good stock of quality human capital. the bank is glad to provide these facilities to the jurisdiction on the occasion of its 50th anniversary celebrations. finally, the bank of mauritius museum. walk studiously amidst the displays of banknotes and coins in the museum and you will make out that mauritius was about three centuries ago a regional financial centre. i do not wish to be overly presumptuous. the museum is of a class apart. it is interactive, reflecting that the bank is, in practice, digitalising its operations. the board of directors of the bank, myself included, is pleased to gift the museum to the people of mauritius on the occasion of the golden jubilee celebrations of the bank. we have in our midst mr paul van bodegraven, from holland, a numismatic expert who is recognized as an unquestioned authority on early indian ocean region currencies. the bank enlisted his services to assess the genuineness of each and every coin and banknote displayed in the museum. i was thrilled to learn from mr van bodegraven that the museum has in its collection a dutch jakarta tael ( pronounced ta - eel ) of the early 17th century. it is a coin so rare that even coin reference books do not have a real photograph of it but just a drawing. i have even been given to understand that just a handful of living persons may have ever laid their eyes on such a coin across the last century! it ’ s a very precious coin owned by the bank of mauritius. you will also have the privileged to actually see the origin of the us dollar sign. the museum is only the first leg of the project. it will soon be made much more interactive. the second leg of the project will be the incorporation of financial literacy in central banking. as i speak to you here at this very hour, the bank of mauritius has become a fullfledged member of the international federation of financial museum based in new york. about 50 per cent of the rarities displayed in the museum are the property of the mcb group ltd. i, in fact all of us, must be thankful to the mcb group ltd for having so generously agreed to display its collections. i extend to mr pierre guy noel, ceo of mcb group ltd, my warmest thanks for having so graciously accepted to take up my request to his board of directors
system. ” 10 in commenting during a recent press conference about the federal reserve ’ s objective as a consolidated supervisor of the holding company of many systemically important financial groups, chairman bernanke said “ the primary goal of the consolidated supervision by the fed is to make sure that the firms – the firm doesn ’ t in any way endanger the stability of the broad financial system. ” 11 today, both the penumbra of the federal reserve act and the express terms of the doddfrank act place financial stability within the federal reserve ’ s legal mandate. during the crisis, the federal reserve needed to restore financial stability so that the federal reserve could work to achieve price stability and maximum employment. the effort at restoration caused us to explore techniques we had never used before, and, as chairman bernanke exhorted us, to do “ whatever it takes. ” to succeed with this mission, lawyers at the federal reserve needed to interpret our authority in new and different ways, and we did so. i hope that my remarks today reflect on that important function of counsel. the role of counsel, of course, does not end with interpreting legal authorities to address new and unanticipated challenges. it also involves patrolling the frontiers of our powers and id. at 483. dodd frank wall street reform and consumer protection act, pub. l. no. 111 – 203, 124 stat. 1376 ( 2010 ). 12 u. s. c. § 5365. 12 u. s. c. § 5365 ( a ) ( 1 ). 12 u. s. c. § 1842 ( c ) ( 7 ). ben s. bernanke, chairman, board of governors of the federal reserve system, september 18, 2013, press conference. bis central bankers ’ speeches recognizing where and when the rule of law forecloses options. this is essential to the credibility of the central bank, a concept closely connected with the public ’ s trust. to conclude, i hope these remarks about financial stability also reflect on what our legal colleagues have accomplished at the ecb. in this regard, i pay tribute to the leadership of antonio sainz de vicuna, and to his work not only in presiding at the birth of the euro, but guiding the ecb to take the extraordinary actions necessary to preserve the euro. as president draghi accurately forecast, they have been enough. antonio, as you step down as general counsel, i congratulate you on the accomplishment of

something goes wrong. conclusion in conclusion, when times are good, we rarely feel an urgency to make changes. and these are certainly good times. but numbers can have a funny way of not revealing the whole truth. a sound spreadsheet may mask unethical behavior, a well - capitalized bank may be on the road to ruin, and a neglected corporate culture can turn toxic. we must stay vigilant around the “ softer ” side of supervision. strong culture and robust corporate governance are our first lines of defense. they ’ re a critical part of the tool kit when it comes to protecting people, banks, and the economy from risk, scandal, and harm. 3 / 3 bis central bankers'speeches
ben s bernanke : introduction of the new $ 100 note brief remarks by mr ben s bernanke, chairman of the board of governors of the federal reserve system, at the new $ 100 note unveiling event, us treasury department, washington dc, 21 april 2010. * * * thank you, madame treasurer. a sound currency is the bedrock of a sound economy. therefore, the united states government must stay ahead of counterfeiters and protect the integrity of our currency. the three agencies represented here today all share this important responsibility, and today we come together to unveil the latest phase in our efforts – the new design for the $ 100 note. since the u. s. notes first issued by the treasury department in 1862, our national currency has played an integral role in the fortunes of our country. the federal reserve only assumed responsibility for issuing u. s. currency following the passage of the federal reserve act in 1913. as our nation ’ s central bank, we have a wide range of responsibilities related to paper money, from ensuring an adequate supply to protecting and maintaining confidence in our currency. together with our partners at the treasury department, its bureau of engraving and printing, and the united states secret service, we continuously monitor the counterfeiting threats for each denomination, and make redesign decisions based on these threats. this job has become more complex in recent years as technology advances and u. s. dollar flows expand and increase. in just the past 25 years, the value of federal reserve notes in circulation has grown from $ 180 billion to $ 890 billion, an increase of almost 400 percent. and while in the past, most u. s. dollars were held domestically, today many of these notes circulate outside of our borders. in fact, we estimate that as many as two - thirds of all $ 100 notes circulate outside the united states. for this reason, we must ensure that the people around the world who rely on the $ 100 note are educated about changes that we make to its design. we will unveil the new design for the $ 100 note in just a few moments and the federal reserve will begin putting these notes into circulation on february 10, 2011. in the intervening months the federal reserve, together with our partners represented here today, will reach out to businesses and consumers all over the world to raise awareness about the new design and explain how to use its security features. this global public education program is crucial to the successful introduction of

the new $ 100 note, because a wellinformed public is our first and best line of defense against counterfeiting. it is important to understand that when this new - design $ 100 note is issued on february 10, 2011, the approximately 6. 5 billion older - design $ 100s already in circulation will remain legal tender. u. s. currency users should know they will not have to trade in their older design notes when the new ones begin circulating. we look forward to working with you all on the successful introduction of this new $ 100 note. thank you.
minimum common denominator. certainly, this would not be sufficient to win back the confidence of public and private players in securitization. i therefore invite the industry to continue and to strengthen its efforts in this vital area of work. vi. concluding remarks let me conclude by saying that, if managed in good order, securitisation should be a welfareimproving tool, because value is created by secured funding that is correctly structured and allows to adequately distribute financing and funding, and the related risks among households, enterprises, banks and investors. when it works properly, securitisation may represent a significant step towards more complete credit markets, thereby contributing to enhancing the efficiency of the economic system. the revival of securitisation markets is needed in many countries to support the provision of credit to the real economy, particularly to households and small business. while it is essential to define new market standards in terms of simplicity and transparency, more actions may be needed to re - start the securitisation market. there does not seem to be one single and simple solution that can unlock the securitisation market. this is natural since structured finance is a combination of manifold features such as different asset types, a variety of interest rate products with diverse maturity profiles and structures, and a variety of legal regimes and market arrangements. thus, restoring the securitisation markets requires a combination of initiatives, both from the private and the public sector. the eurosystem is contributing, first of all, by accepting structured finance assets as collateral. this proved and still proves a great support to this market segment during the crisis, as it helped and continues to help to avoid a sudden and disruptive unavailability of funding to originators of abs. second, as mentioned earlier, by introducing a loan level data requirement to our set of eligibility criteria, we may contribute to increasing the disclosure standards for the market at large. however, more needs to be done, as many of those required steps, for example enhancing secondary market liquidity, go beyond the scope for direct action by the eurosystem. looking ahead, a self - sustained revival of the abs market requires fundamental changes. it is high time to raise to the challenges of transparency, standardisation and product simplicity. this is where the industry has to step up its efforts in order to help decisively in restoring confidence in the securitisation markets. thank you for your attention.

- oos ), fortius ( for - tee - oos ) – communiter ( ko - moo - ni - ter ). faster, higher, stronger – together. maraming salamat at mabuhay ang mcpi. mabuhay ang pilipinas. 3 / 3 bis central bankers'speeches
principle ). a well - integrated economic region is the key to a prosperous future. “ three nations, two currencies, one economic area ” - the title of the paper - not only describes the reality, it also maps out the way forward.

european economy. the single currency put an end to these serious disruptions. it also considerably simplifies day - to - day life : there are no longer any conversion fees for individuals, or any more uncertainties relating to exchange rate volatility for companies. for many firms, including italian imprenditori, their market naturally expanded from their domestic market to the whole of the euro area. according to empirical studies, the euro has thus led to a 5 to 15 % increase in trade between member states. an internationally recognised currency the economic size of the euro area and the stability of its currency allow the euro to play an international role. before the euro, in 1995, only the deutsche mark was an international reserve 2 / 6 bis central bankers'speeches currency, with a share of 15 % of global reserves. today, our shared currency accounts for 20 % of international reserves, in second place behind the dollar. an internationally recognised currency generates economic gains : the financial markets are more attractive for foreign investors, more liquid, and therefore more efficient. but it also carries a political weight : i know that when mario draghi speaks at the g7 or at the g20, the whole world listens to europe attentively. in the global financial arena, which has become turbulent, this union is our greatest chance ; none of our countries would have such clout in insolation. our sovereignty relies necessarily on european sovereignty. * * * the euro makes us more robust, and gives us more confidence in our currency : this is a considerable asset amidst so much uncertainty. the euro has naturally also provided us with a strong symbol of unity among european nations. moreover, from 12 at the start, the number of participating countries has risen to 19 today : 7 countries decided democratically to join the euro, and none has wanted to leave it. these are the concrete economic benefits that make the 340 million citizens of the euro area attached to their currency, to our currency. this attachment, which has been measured since the outset, has remained strong throughout the crisis. 70 % support the euro today, i. e. the highest level since 2008 ; a large majority of french citizens support the euro ( 68 % ). support remains strong in italy, albeit at a lower level ( 53 % ). the euro is not a technocratic utopia : it is a political and democratic decision, supported 25 years on – with hindsight – by a clear majority of citizens. ii. however, there are four
and bargaining, changes in patterns of international trade, etc. thus, i am very glad that this wide range of perspectives will be covered in our conference. finally, my colleagues and i intend this conference to serve you as a forum to exchange thoughts and ideas. with that, i wish you active participation and fruitful discussions. thank you. 2 / 2 bis - central bankers'speeches

levels. increased investment and recovering consumption ensured that the baltic economies recovered swiftly from the pandemic shock, with gdp growth in 2021 outperforming most of the previous forecasts. despite the pandemics, before the russian invasion into ukraine, lithuania was on the path of growth and the long - term economic transformation of digitisation and sustainability. in these unprecedented times we must stay on this path. no matter the current uncertainty, we need to ensure that investment directed towards our long - term goals continues. a consistent and speedy implementation of the rrf plans geared towards climate and digital transitions remains crucial. the war in ukraine highlighted the importance of energy independence. investing into developing renewable energy sources not only reduces geopolitical energy vulnerability ; large - scale and ambitious green investment programmes also help offset the negative effects of automation – the loss of jobs and growing regional inequalities. cheaper and more available green energy also contributes towards meeting our co2 emission targets. despite this opportunity appearing in such a tragic circumstance of war, policymakers cannot afford to miss the move - away from fossil fuels by directing public funds that are available towards expanding the renewables sector. public investment will provide a spark, but we need a financial system that is financing climate - friendly investment to keep the engine running. fostering such a sustainability - minded financial system is an increasingly important topic for central banks. one of the strategic goals of the bank of lithuania is management of climate related risks. we monitor our own institutional carbon footprint and manage our own investment portfolio according to sustainable investment principles. we also established a new centre for financial market development just before the outbreak of the war and were preparing to open a centre for green finance in hopes of increasing opportunities to attract resources for lithuanian firms considering green investments. dear colleagues, to conclude, as the well - known saying goes, “ good times don't last, and bad times don't stay forever ”. planning and investing today in preparation for those good times to come is more important than ever. it is therefore a great honour to open this investments in the baltics conference in webinar format. i look forward to the upcoming discussions and presentations. thank you.