ledger technology. that is, in my view, not necessarily the case, depending on the objectives we would like to achieve. indeed, one added value compared to existing payment products would be to allow programmable payments. that should be an integral part of our thinking. in that respect, we also need to consider quick wins like trigger solutions, which combine the processing in dlt - based infrastructures with payments in conventional systems. we have to think not only of the retail space, but also of wholesale payments with regard to the settlement of securities in electronic form. with or without cbdc, the private sector will remain important. the “ customer - facing role ” should continue to be played by a private service provider. cooperation and communication are key for this. while i generally prefer face - to - face communication in certain situations, digital formats without doubt also have their advantages : namely, they are not subject to analogue disruptions such as traffic jams or flight and train delays. there is a new world free from these constraints ahead of us, and instead of dithering and doubting, we should welcome and even speed up this transformation. if we do not, others will do it for us – and this will come at a price. i am quite sure that the audience here today at the bitkom digital finance conference perfectly understands what is at stake. let us all work together to ensure that our house of payments – and perhaps our village, region and country – can also brave the storm of digitalisation. 1 card payments in europe – current landscape and future prospects : a eurosystem perspective, ecb 2019 2 ehi - studie online payment 2021 4 / 4 bis central bankers'speeches

. 4 / 6 bis - central bankers'speeches the onus is now on them to provide factual information and convey financial literacy skills in a direct and targeted manner. what could be done to strengthen the network of educational opportunities, enhance the visibility of the services on offer and make measures more effective? in its 2020 " recommendation on financial literacy ", the oecd recommends a national strategy for this. 2 the " alliance for economic education " in germany is also calling for german policymakers to adopt a national economic education strategy. 3 the bundesbank is open to the idea of launching a national strategy for economic education or financial literacy. however, this is something that policymakers have to decide upon. as i see it, they have been not been receptive to the idea of a national strategy so far. the main reason for this is probably that responsibility for education lies with the federal states. as much as a national strategy could promote existing activities, it is now that much more important to make updated resources easy to understand, put them in a realworld context and increase their appeal, especially in order to reach out to people with lower levels of formal education. the bundesbank's money museum in frankfurt is also a hands - on learning environment that is geared specifically to those who know little about money, monetary policy and financial markets. our publication " geld verstehen " ( understanding money ), which is aimed at younger secondary school pupils, conveys basic knowledge in a very understandable manner. the " mit geld umgehen " ( managing money ) media package and an interactive and multimedia e - book round this out. however, i would also like to clarify at this juncture that educational resources are not the one and only way to protect society's most vulnerable. rigorous consumer protection and clear legal regulations are essential to prevent predatory investment, loan and purchase agreements. and, of course, the way enterprises and financial institutions specifically design their products and set their prices in an inflationary environment will ultimately also be key. 5 conclusion ladies and gentlemen, how can the financial literacy of the public be promoted effectively? what skills are needed in order to make sound financial decisions in an inflationary environment? what can motivate people to make adequate provision for the future? how do government programmes need to be designed? what are suitable nudges? 5 / 6 bis - central bankers'speeches in order to answer these and many other questions not only on the basis of anec