currency ( cbdc ) : in addition to taking an active part in the work on a potential euro retail cbdc, as early as 2020 we launched a series of twelve experiments on a wholesale cbdc, both for payments and securities settlement. the first nine experiments have been very valuable, and the three experiments underway focus on cross - border payments and tokenised asset settlement. 4 we are keen to pursue our long - standing partnership with commercial banks, to reconcile innovation and security. to conclude, this stay in new york is also the opportunity for me to point out that the statue of liberty, which so forcefully embodies our common values, is the fruit of a tight cooperation between france and america. let this fruitful cooperation carry on throughout the 21st century ; we will be happy to welcome you in paris. i thank you for your attention, and will now leave the floor to olivier vigna, deputy ceo of paris europlace. 1 ecb, macroeconomic projections, 16 march 2023 2 eurostat flash estimate, 31 march 2023 3 bloomberg, 22 march 2023 4 an updated report will be published by the banque de france within next months. you can already refer to our report published in november 2021 for the key findings from our first nine experiments. 3 / 3 bis - central bankers'speeches

", such as credit suisse ; and since 2014 we have had a single and strong supervisor thanks to banking union. as president of the french prudential authority ( the acpr ), i can in particular attest to how solid and diversified french banks are nowadays. four of them are categorised as global systemically important banks ( g - sibs ), and they act as catalysts for paris as a financial centre. indeed, paris stands out as unique in the network of european financial centres : it is the only one to offer such a wide range of financial activities, from global asset management to insurance and banking, and it has further reinforced its position since brexit. beyond the large number of subsidiaries established in or relocated to paris since then – at least thirty banks, twenty asset managers, several market platforms for instance –, we should also consider the activities performed through branches in paris, especially trading rooms and desks, which are sometimes far more significant than the subsidiaries to which they are legally bound. contrary to other cities, which have attracted one or two kinds of financial services, paris is the only one to have benefited from relocations on all segments of the financial industry. more importantly still, these moves were not one - off events : the momentum has lastingly shifted from london to continental europe. we observe a steady shift, which shows no sign of losing steam. combine this with the strength of some key sectors of our economy ; the result is that paris now stands as the first stock market capitalisation in europe, ahead of london. 3 whatever your field of activity, you will find in paris a convenient and safe harbour, with all facilities and fast speed train connections to other major cities, in europe and 2 / 3 bis - central bankers'speeches beyond. it has also attracted regulatory bodies, which can only be viewed as comforting neighbours after recent turmoil elsewhere. the eba ( european banking authority ) moved to paris in the wake of brexit, thereby joining esma ( european securities and markets authority ). having a " regulatory hub " will facilitate cooperation between european agencies, in a world that requires such enhanced cooperation between authorities. in addition, french national regulators are recognised for their credible action, and for being at the cutting edge of technological developments, as geoffroy goffinet from the acpr will develop in more detail. let me just briefly highlight one last course of action at the banque de france. we have been a pioneer in central bank digital