and resolution requirements, such as capital, liquidity and loss - absorbing requirements, are still national in nature. this is a major obstacle to integration. to foster cross - border banking, we should make it easier for banks to operate as truly integrated groups within the banking union. for this to happen, there needs to be the same possibilities for pooling capital and liquidity across legal entities located in different member states as there are for banking groups operating within a single member state. we should also take a more harmonised approach, and a banking union perspective, when setting minimum standards for capital buffers. in times of crisis, further harmonising bank crisis management across the banking union will enhance the level playing field in europe. stakeholders need to be sure that, if a bank fails, there will be a similar outcome regardless of where in europe the bank is domiciled. the resolution framework is a key part of this effort. and the ongoing reform of the crisis management and deposit insurance framework aims to broaden the application of the harmonised resolution framework beyond significant banks. yet many bank failures will still be managed under national insolvency regimes, so further convergence on these is also needed. when a bank is wound up under a national insolvency framework, the deposit guarantee scheme plays a vital role in safeguarding depositors'access to their accounts. for now, these deposit guarantee schemes are also national, which can lead to the perception that a euro deposited in one member state is safer than in another. finally making progress on introducing a european deposit insurance scheme ( edis ) should be a priority for the next legislative term. the recent progress on this dossier in the european parliament makes me hopeful we can achieve a breakthrough. edis would bring us closer to the vision of a true single market for banking in europe. a single market for capital in the eu for the ecb's governing council, a more integrated eu banking market is a key reason to develop a capital markets union ( cmu ) and establish a single market for capital in the eu. 1 previous editions of the reports presented today have illustrated the need to further integrate financial markets to enhance the euro area economy's resilience through private risk sharing and to strengthen the international role of our common currency. it has become increasingly clear that european capital markets are instrumental in the pursuit, and financing, of the eu's strategic goals. we need massive investment to drive the green and digital transitions and we must boost the eu

' s productivity and competitiveness. a starting point for this discussion is often the relative success of us capital markets, which can be attributed to several factors. a significant one is the global role of the dollar in international finance. a common set of laws and regulations on trading financial assets ensures the coherence of us capital markets. this is supported by the market 2 / 4 bis - central bankers'speeches for us treasuries, the largest and most liquid asset in the world. and a consolidated trading and post - trading landscape also encourages investor participation in the market. these elements contribute to the pivotal role that us capital markets play in financing innovative firms domestically and internationally. drawing on this, initiatives to promote pan - eu capital markets should first focus on enhancing both the supply of and demand for capital market funding. i see several concrete action points. the first is to channel europe's savings towards eu equity and bond markets by developing eu - wide savings products subject to a common framework and harmonised tax incentives. second, we need to develop equity markets to make them more attractive for issuers and investors. risk capital markets are particularly important for fostering the innovation necessary for the green and digital transition. third, we must mobilise securitisation markets for cmu. comparing eu and us markets highlights the role that us government - sponsored enterprises play in fostering standardisation and market depth in the us. pan - eu issuance – possibly enhanced by a public guarantee – could broaden the investor base and support segments such as green securitisation. we must remember that simply increasing finance is not enough to achieve economic growth. funding needs to be used in the most effective way possible. this is why we also need policies that support economic restructuring and projects that provide opportunities for more productive funding. finally, the push for cmu – or a savings and investment union – should go hand in hand with renewed efforts to remove barriers within the single market. further harmonisation of corporate insolvency rules, accounting frameworks and securities law is needed to establish a single capital market with scale and depth. conclusion let me conclude. financial integration has supported the euro area's resilience in the face of significant geopolitical risks, economic shocks and unprecedented high levels of inflation. this is reassuring. however, the decline in certain measures and the sluggish progress towards greater integration is disappointing. urgent action is therefore needed to increase investment in the eu and establish clear priorities to address the