“Indebted to nature Exploring biodiversity risks for the Dutch financial sector”. De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB) and Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving (PBL). https://www.pbl.nl/en/publications/indebted-to-nature ii  12  Page 13 sur 12 xviii  Calice, P., Diaz Kalan, F. A., & Miguel Liriano, F. (2021). “Nature-Related Financial Risks in Brazil”. Policy Research Working Paper no. WPS 9759. World Bank Group, Washington, D.C. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/105041629893776228/Nature-Related-Financial-RisksinBrazil ; World Bank and Bank Negara Malaysia (2022). “An Exploration of Nature-Related Financial Risks in Malaysia”. xix Svartzman et al. (2021). “A “Silent Spring” for the Financial System? Exploring Biodiversity-Related Financial Risks in France”. Banque de France Working Paper 826. https://publications.banquefrance.fr/en/silent-spring-financial-system-exploring-biodiversity-related-financial-risks-france xx The title of the study, of course, pays tribute to Rachel Carson’s famous book “Silent Spring” published sixty years ago, in 1962. xxi Namely the French development agency (AFD), the French office for biodiversity (OFB) and CDC Biodiversité. xxii See mandate of the task force: task_force_nature_related_risks_mandate.pdf (ngfs.net) xxiii Herweijer, C., Evison, W., Mariam, S., Khatri, A., Albani, M., et al. (2020). “Nature Risk Rising: Why the Crisis Engulfing Nature Matters for Business and the Economy”, World Economic Forum. xxiv Costanza, R., De Groot, R., Sutton, P., Van der Ploeg, S., Anderson, S. J., Kubiszewski, I., ... & Turner, R. K. (2014), Changes in the global value of ecosystem services. Global environmental change, 26, 152158. xxv IPBES (2022). Summary for Policymakers of the Methodological Assessment Report on the Diverse Values and Valuation of Nature of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.

The progress made by the Asian countries is consistently manifested in the rankings, where, despite the use of various methodologies, at least two of the following countries — Singapore, Taiwan, South Korea and Hong-Kong, always rank among the world leaders. The table below sets forth a ranking of selected countries according to the index of readiness to implement e-administration 17 , developed by the UN. 18  Poland ranks at the end of the fourth ten, far beyond Estonia, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Mexico and Slovakia. Compared with other EU Member States, we rank extremely poor 19 when it comes to  17  The UN index of readiness to implement e-administration comprises the ability (readiness) and willingness (efforts) of the countries to: firstly, use e-administration solutions to ensure ICT-based development; secondly, use ICT to promote access to e-administration among citizens and expand their share in co-creation of the State, i.e. in the decision making process. Therefore, the index covers both evaluation of website development and access descriptions, e.g. the infrastructure or the ability to use it. The e-administration readiness index is composed of the three indices, namely the website index, the telecommunication infrastructure index and the human capital index. More information is available in “Global E-Government Readiness Report 2005. From Egovernment to E-Inclusion,” United Nations, 2005. 18  Ibidem.