The establishment of the Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB) in 2002 to set the prudential standards for Islamic finance, and the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) established in 1990 has been key to ensuring the soundness and stability of the Islamic financial system. The IFSB and AAOIFI have had an important role in the harmonisation of prudential and accounting standards across the different jurisdictions. They are also instrumental in instituting international best practices in the global development of Islamic finance. The Islamic financial institutions are also subject to the requirements on anti-money laundering and anti-terrorist financing. Opportunities through greater international financial integration The globalisation of Islamic finance has gained significant momentum in this recent five years. While the early development of Islamic finance was domestic centric, its internationalisation is now manifested by increased cross border flows, greater participation in international Islamic financial markets, the increased presence of financial institutions in new jurisdictions and more recently, the increased number of Islamic financial institutions which have shareholders from multiple jurisdictions. Greater financial integration has essentially been facilitated by the more rapid pace of liberalisation that has been supported by the progress that has been achieved in the development of the international Islamic financial infrastructure. This trend has also been prompted by the need for greater diversification of risks in the management of funds. In the current international financial environment, this trend has become more pronounced prompting investors to consider other asset classes and markets that provide stability.

To promote research in Islamic finance, the International Shariah Research Academy (ISRA) was established this year to conduct applied Shariah research on the contemporary Islamic  BIS Review 136/2008  3  finance issues. ISRA also provides a platform that promotes active engagement and dialogue among global Shariah scholars that promote mutual respect in Shariah and the convergence of views from different jurisdictions in the global Islamic financial system. The third strategy is to promote greater financial integration with the global Islamic financial system. The Malaysian Islamic financial system has also been progressively liberalised to allow for increased foreign entry and participation in our financial system, thus facilitating greater cross border flows and thus strengthening the international financial inter-linkages. This has taken the form of issuance of new licences and increasing foreign participation in both Islamic banks and takaful companies to 49%. New licences were also issued to foreign fund managers and foreign stockbrokers. In this new phase of development for Islamic finance, Malaysia as an international Islamic financial hub, has increasingly become a meeting place for businesses from different parts of the world that need to raise funds and for investors that have surplus funds for investment. Islamic finance going forward There is now a strong and growing demand for Islamic financial products in the global market, far exceeding the current availability of financial products and services being provided by the Islamic financial institutions. Going forward, there is therefore tremendous upside potential for Islamic finance.