Last January, the One Planet Summit organised by President Macron focused on biodiversity. Very soon, the launch of the Taskforce on Nature‐related Financial Disclosures (TNFD) by NGOs, industry and several international organisations alongside governments, including the French one, will certainly further contribute to mainstreaming the issue of biodiversity‐related financial risks. However, central banks do not have a silver bullet to resolve questions such as climate change or biodiversity loss; for example they cannot decide about possible carbon pricing or carbon adjustment taxes, they are unable to provide all the necessary incentives to foster innovation or to boost research. As François Villeroy de Galhau stated yesterday, their action cannot be a substitute for policy measures taken by governments but they can contribute to identifying risks, channelling capital toward activities 8  See: https://www.euro.who.int/en/health‐topics/health‐policy/european‐programme‐of‐work/pan‐european‐ commission‐on‐health‐and‐sustainable‐development 9 See Salyer et al. (2017). Prioritizing Zoonoses for Global Health Capacity Building—Themes from One Health Zoonotic Disease Workshops in 7 Countries, 2014–2016. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017 Dec; 23(Suppl 1): S55–S64. doi: 10.3201/eid2313.170418 10 See for example Bolton et al. (2020). Penser la stabilité financière à l'ère des risques écologiques globaux – Vers de nouveaux arbitrages entre efficience et résilience des systèmes complexes. Revue d’Economie Financière 138, 41‐54. DOI : 10.3917/ecofi.138.0041. 11 OECD (2021). Biodiversity, natural capital and the economy. A policy guide for finance, economic and environment ministers. Accessible at: https://www.oecd.org/environment/biodiversity‐natural‐capital‐and‐the‐ economy‐1a1ae114‐en.htm 12 DNB (2020). Indebted to nature – Exploring biodiversity risks for the Dutch financial sector.

Zeti Akhtar Aziz: Expanding ASEAN-EU economic links - the role of the euro Speech by Dr Zeti Akhtar Aziz, Governor of the Central Bank of Malaysia, at the Euro Conference “Expanding ASEAN-EU Economic Links - The Role of the Euro", Kuala Lumpur, 14 July 2005. *  *  *  Your Excellency Ambassador Thierry Rommel, Head of the EU Commission Delegation in Malaysia, Your Excellencies, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Good morning. It is my great pleasure to welcome you to the "Euro Conference: Expanding ASEANEU Economic Links -- The Role of the Euro". Bank Negara Malaysia is indeed honoured to co-host this event and would like to especially thank the European Commission for the opportunity. The purpose of this Conference is to bring together recognised experts to discuss the important issues affecting economic, monetary and financial interests in ASEAN and the EU. I believe that the exchange of ideas and views over the next two days would contribute towards an increased understanding of the developments and issues important to our respective regions. Our agenda is for the further strengthening of the close ASEAN-EU partnership that offers mutually reinforcing benefits to both regions. It is our hope that this Conference would serve as a catalyst to promote greater appreciation of the potential for an expanded ASEAN-EU economic relationship - a relationship in which trade and investment flows between our regions can be enhanced. The ASEAN-EU partnership has developed steadily over time through a number of well-established forums.