Glenn Stevens: Remarks at the launch of the Official Australian Renminbi Clearing Bank Remarks by Mr Glenn Stevens, Governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia, at the launch of the Official Australian Renminbi Clearing Bank. Sydney, 9 February 2015. * * * Premier, Consul General, Mr Chen, distinguished guests, colleagues, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for the invitation to say a few words on the occasion of the launch of the Bank of China (Sydney) as the official renminbi clearing bank here in Australia. Today’s events mark an important step in the further development of a local renminbi – or RMB – market. But more than that, they mark one more step in a lengthy and very important journey that has seen the flowering of trade relations between China and Australia, and which promises benefits from the maturing of financial ties. On its own, the key direct benefit of the official Australian RMB clearing bank is that it can more efficiently facilitate transactions between Australian firms and their mainland Chinese counterparts using the Chinese currency. Bank of China (Sydney)’s “official” status – which was granted by the People’s Bank of China (PBC) – affords it more direct access to the Chinese financial system, with flow-on effects for local financial institutions and their customers. But an official Australian RMB clearing bank also confers some indirect benefits on the Australian financial sector and its customers, particularly when viewed as one element of a broader range of initiatives. In particular, the establishment of the clearing bank helps to raise awareness among Australian firms that the local financial system has the capacity to effect cross-border RMB transactions on their behalf. This is important, because over the long run, Chinese firms may increasingly wish their trade with Australian firms to be settled in RMB. To be sure, today the bulk of global trade is settled in US dollars. But with China now a very large trading nation, and continuing to grow into a “continental sized” economy, it would be surprising if at some point we do not see much more use of China’s currency for trade purposes. Already its usage is growing quickly, if only from a small base. So Australian firms and the Australian financial system need to be well prepared. To that end, the RBA has been directly involved in several initiatives, with the aim in each instance being to ensure that there are mechanisms in place that allow the private sector to increase its use of the Chinese currency as and when it chooses to do so. This of course included the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding with the PBC to enable the establishment of an official RMB clearing bank in Australia, in November last year following the G20 Leaders’ Summit in Brisbane. In addition, there was the establishment of a bilateral local currency swap line with the PBC in 2012, which is designed to provide confidence to both Chinese and Australian financial institutions that appropriate RMB and AUD liquidity arrangements are in place in the event of dislocation in the market. More recently, there was the negotiation of a quota to allow financial institutions based in Australia to invest in approved mainland Chinese securities under the Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor Scheme – better known as RQFII. Finally, I note the RBA has invested a small proportion of Australia’s foreign currency reserves in RMB. Official initiatives like these help to lay the groundwork. But ultimately, the development of an RMB market in Australia will depend on the extent of benefit the private sector sees in using BIS central bankers’ speeches RMB for trade settlement and investment purposes. It is worth noting that private sector-led initiatives are now becoming increasingly important drivers of the RMB market’s development. For example, forums such as the Australia-Hong Kong RMB Trade and Investment Dialogue and the “Sydney for RMB” Working Group are beginning to have a more prominent role in raising awareness of the financial sector’s capacity to conduct RMB business and in identifying any further market development issues that may need to be addressed. Looking ahead, and as my colleague, Deputy Governor Philip Lowe has noted a number of times, the process of RMB internationalisation and the associated opening of China’s capital account are likely to have significant implications for the global financial system – much like the opening up of China’s current account has had a very large impact on the global economy.1 The Chinese authorities have indicated that they intend to continue RMB internationalisation and capital account liberalisation in the coming years. As a result, the opportunities for Australian and Chinese investors to invest in each other’s financial markets could grow significantly in the coming years. By increasing their familiarity with the RMB as an international transaction currency, local financial institutions, investors and firms are likely to be better placed to take advantage of these future opportunities as they arise. I congratulate the Bank of China (Sydney) on the official launch of RMB clearing facilities in Sydney. This is a further important step in what continues to be a fascinating journey. For example, see: Lowe P (2014) “Australia’s RMB Policies and Future Direction”, Introductory Remarks at the RMB Internationalisation Roundtable, Sydney, 23 July; and Lowe P (2014) “Some Implications of the Internationalisation of the Renminbi”, Opening Remarks to the Centre for International Finance and Regulation Conference on the Internationalisation of the Renminbi, Sydney, 26 March. BIS central bankers’ speeches